templi+o

grădus, ūs (archaic gen. sing. graduis, Varr. ap. Non. 494, 17; dat. gradu, Lucil. ap. Fest. s. v. remeligines, p. 276 Müll.), m. [kindr. with Sanscr. kram, to go; v. gradior], a step, pace (cf.: gressus, passus, incessus).

Lit.:

ad hanc conversionem, quae pedibus et gradu non egeret, ingrediendi membra non dedit,

Cic. Univ. 6: quaenam vox ex te resonans meo gradu remoram facit? Lucil. l. l.: gradum proferre pedum, Enn. ap. Fest. S. V. PEDUM, p. 249, a Müll. (Trag. v. 248 Vahl.): quo nunc incerta re atque inorata gradum Regredere conare? id. ap. Non. 166, 23 (Trag. v. 12 Vahl.):

gradum facere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 61, 249:

tollere gradum,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 6:

ad forum suspenso gradu placide ire perrexi,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 27:

quieto et placido gradu sequi,

Phaedr. 2, 7, 6; cf.

, on the contrary: celeri gradu Eunt uterque,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 22:

ut tu es gradibus grandibus,

id. Ep. 1, 1, 11:

citato gradu in hostem ducere,

Liv. 28, 14, 17:

concito gradu properare,

Phaedr. 3, 2, 11:

gradum celerare,

to hasten, Verg. A. 4, 641: so,

corripere,

Hor. C. 1, 3, 33:

addere,

Liv. 26, 9, 5:

sistere,

Verg. A. 6, 465:

sustinere,

Ov. F. 6, 398:

revocare,

Verg. A. 6, 128:

referre,

Ov. F. 5, 502:

vertere,

Stat. Th. 8, 138 et saep.:

peditum aciem instructam pleno gradu in hostem inducit,

at full pace, at a quick step, Liv. 4, 32, 10; 34, 15, 3; 34, 16, 2; cf.: militari gradu viginti milia passuum horis quinque dumtaxat aestivis conficienda sunt;

pleno autem gradu, qui citatior est, totidem horis XXIV. milia peragenda sunt,

Veg. 1, 9:

modico gradu,

Liv. 30, 5, 3: presso gradu, = badên, with measured step, a moderate pace, id. 28, 14, 14:

citato gradu,

id. 28, 14, 17; Trebon. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 16, 2: non gradu, sed praecipiti cursu a virtute descitum, ad vitia transcursum, step by step, = gradatim, Vell. 2, 1, 1:

per gradus,

Ov. M. 2, 354.—

Trop., a step, stage, degree:

quem mortis timuit gradum,

pace, approach, Hor. C. 1, 3, 17:

hunc quasi gradum quendam atque aditum ad cetera factum intelligitis,

Cic. Agr. 2, 15, 38; cf.:

itaque majoribus nostris in Africam ex hac provincia gradus imperii factus est,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 1, § 3; Quint. 3, 6, 8; so,

Crassus Licinius nec consul nec praetor ante fuerat, quam censor est factus: ex aedilitate gradum censuram fecit,

Liv. 27, 6, 17; 6, 35, 2 Drak.:

hunc gradum mei reditus esse, quod mulieres revertissent,

a step towards my return, Cic. Att. 7, 23, 2; cf. Liv. 6, 42, 2:

notitiam primosque gradus vicinia fecit: Tempore crevit amor,

Ov. M. 4, 59; cf. Prop. 1, 13, 8:

cum consuleretur, quid sentiret, Non possum, inquit, tibi dicere: nescio enim quid de gradu faciat: tamquam de essedario interrogaretur,

i. e. of the Peripatetics, Sen. Ep. 29:

etsi spondeus, quod est e longis duabus, hebetior videtur et tardior, habet tamen stabilem quendam et non expertem dignitatis gradum,

pace, Cic. Or. 64, 216.

Transf.

In milit. and gladiator's lang., station, position, ground taken by a combatant:

obnisos vos (velim) stabili gradu impetum hostium excipere,

Liv. 6, 12, 8; cf. Tac. H. 2, 35:

de gradu libero ac stabili conari,

Liv. 34, 39, 3:

in suo quisque gradu obnixi, urgentes scutis, sine respiratione ac respectu pugnabant,

id. 8, 38, 11:

inque gradu stetimus, certi non cedere,

Ov. M. 9, 43:

hostes gradu demoti,

Liv. 6, 32, 8 Drak. N. cr.; for which:

turbare ac statu movere,

id. 30, 18, 4.—

Trop., a firm position or stand:

corda virum mansere gradu,

i. e. firm, steadfast, Sil. 16, 21:

fortis et constantis est, non perturbari in rebus asperis, nec tumultuantem de gradu deici, ut dicitur,

to let one's self be disconcerted, Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80; cf.:

dejectus de gradu,

id. Att. 16, 15, 3: motus gradu, Sen. Const. Sap. 19:

gradu depulsus,

Nep. Them. 5, 1; cf.:

nam si gradum, si caritatem filii apud te haberem,

Liv. 40, 9, 3.—

That on which one steps, a step or round of a ladder, a stair.

Lit. (usu. in plur.): quemadmodum scalarum gradus si alios tollas, alios incidas, etc., Caecin. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3:

haerent parietibus scalae, postesque sub ipsos Nituntur gradibus,

Verg. A. 2, 443:

gradus templorum,

Cic. Att. 4, 1, 5:

gradus ejusdem templi tollebantur,

id. Sest. 15, 34; cf.:

aerea cui (templo) gradibus surgebant limina,

Verg. A. 1, 448; Vell. 2, 3, 1:

pro Palatii gradibus,

Suet. Ner. 8; id. Vit. 15:

praeceps per gradus ire,

id. Calig. 35:

si gradibus trepidatur ab imis,

Juv. 3, 200.—

Sing.:

cum dextro pede primus gradus ascenditur,

Vitr. 3, 3.—

Transf., of things that rise by steps.

In hair-dressing, a braid of hair:

caput in gradus atque anulos comptum,

Quint. 12, 10, 47:

comam in gradus frangere,

id. 1, 6, 44; cf.:

coma in gradus formata,

Suet. Ner. 51.—

In econom. lang., a spit or such a depth of earth as can be dug at once with the spade, Col. 3, 13, 19; 4, 1, 3.—

In math., a degree of a circle, Manil. 1, 579.—

In veterin. lang., a wrinkle on the roof of a horse's mouth, Veg. Vet. 1, 2; 32; 4, 2.—

Trop., a step, degree in tones, in age, relationship, rank, etc. (equally common in sing. and plur.):

ille princeps variabit et mutabit, omnes sonorum tum intendens tum remittens persequetur gradus,

Cic. Or. 18, 59; cf. id. de Or. 3, 61, 227:

ab ima ad summam (vocem) ac retro multi sunt gradus,

Quint. 11, 3, 15; cf. Vulg. Psa. 119 Tit. et saep.:

Paulatim gradus aetatis scandere adultae,

Lucr. 2, 1123; cf.:

quod tanta penuria est in omni vel honoris vel aetatis gradu, ut, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 3; so,

aetatis,

Vell. 2, 36, 2; Quint. 3, 7, 15; Suet. Aug. 79; id. Tit. 3 al.:

unus gradus et una progenies,

Lact. 2, 10, 10:

nostri quoque sanguinis auctor Juppiter est, totidemque gradus distamus ab illo,

Ov. M. 13, 143; cf.:

a matre Magnum Pompeium artissimo contingebat gradu,

Suet. Aug. 4; id. Ner. 2:

qui (populus) te tam mature ad summum imperium per omnes honorum gradus extulit,

Cic. Cat. 1, 11, 28:

gradus dignitatis,

id. Rep. 1, 27; cf. id. ib. 1, 27 fin.—Sing.:

ex tam alto dignitatis gradu,

Cic. Lael. 3, 12 fin.:

gradus altior, altissimus, amplissimus, dignitatis,

id. Clu. 55, 150; id. Phil. 1, 6, 14; id. Mur. 14, 30; cf. also id. ib. 27, 55:

summum in praefectura florentissima gradum tenere et dignitatis et gratiae,

id. Planc. 13, 32:

a senatorio gradu longe abesse,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 21, 61; cf.:

ascendens gradibus magistratuum,

id. Brut. 81, 281.—Without gen.:

etenim quis est civis praesertim hoc gradu, quo me vos esse voluistis, tam oblitus beneficii vestri, etc.,

id. Phil. 6, 7, 18; id. Ac. 2, 2, 6:

omni gradu amplissimo dignissimus,

id. Fam. 6, 10, 2:

gradus officiorum,

id. Off. 1, 45, 160:

temporum servantur gradus,

id. Part. 4, 12: cf.:

non iidem erunt necessitudinum gradus qui temporum,

id. Off. 1, 18, 59:

gradus cognationis,

Dig. 38, 10, 1 sqq.:

v. de gradibus,

Paul. Sent. 4, 11, 1 -8:

agnationis,

Gai. Inst. 3, 10, 11:

si plures eodem gradu sint agnati,

Ulp. Fragm. 26, 5: cognati ex transverso gradu usque ad quartum gradum, i. e. collateral kindred (opp. parentes et liberi), id. ib. 5, 6:

gradus plures sunt societatis hominum,

id. ib. 1, 17, 53:

peccatorum gradus,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 74, § 172:

oratorum aetates et gradus,

id. Brut. 32, 122; cf.:

gradus et dissimilitudines Atticorum,

id. ib. 82, 285:

accendendi judicis plures sunt gradus,

Quint. 11, 3, 166; 6, 4, 67: nec gradus est ultra Fabios cognominis ullus;

Illa domus meritis Maxima dicta suis,

Ov. F. 1, 605:

si ita esset, quid opus erat te gradatim istuc pervenire?... A beatis ad virtutem, a virtute ad rationem video te venisse gradibus,

Cic. N. D. 1, 32, 89; cf.:

omnes gradus virtutis implere,

Lact. 5, 14, 18; and:

hi plerumque gradus,

Juv. 11, 46.

ĭmāgo, ĭnis, f. [cf. imitor], an imitation, copy of a thing, an image, likeness (i. e. a picture, statue, mask, an apparition, ghost, phantom; the latter only poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf.: simulacrum, effigies, statua, sigillum): imago ab imitatione dicta, Paul. ex Fest. p. 112 Müll.; cf.: imago dicitur quasi imitago, Porphyr. Hor. C. 1, 12, 4.

Lit.

In gen., a representation, likeness (usu. of a person), statue, bust, picture:

Spartiates Agesilaus neque pictam neque fictam imaginem suam passus est esse... unus Xenophontis libellus in eo rege laudando facile omnes imagines omnium statuasque superavit,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 7:

Demosthenes, cujus nuper inter imagines tuas ac tuorum imaginem ex aere vidi,

id. Or. 31, 110:

Epicuri in poculis et in anulis,

id. Fin. 5, 1, 3: hominis imaginem gypso e facie ipsa primus omnium expressit ceraque in eam formam gypsi infusa emendare instituit Lysistratus Sicyonius, Plin. 35, 12, 44, § 153:

Africani,

Cic. Rep. 6, 10:

mulieris,

Quint. 7, 7, 5:

Antigoni,

id. 2, 13, 12:

depictam in tabula sipariove imaginem rei,

id. 6, 1, 32:

si in tabula mea aliquis pinxerit velut imaginem,

Gai. Inst. 2, 78:

cereae,

Hor. Epod. 17, 76; id. S. 1, 8, 43:

ut dignus venias hederis et imagine macra,

Juv. 7, 29:

hoc tibi sub nostra breve carmen imagine vivat,

Mart. 9, 1:

epistula atque imago me certum fecit,

i. e. the image on the seal, the signet, Plaut. Ps. 4, 6, 35; 4, 2, 29; 4, 7, 105:

nunc amici anne inimici sis imago, Alcesime, mihi, sciam,

i. e. will act like a friend, Plaut. Cas. 3, 1, 1.—

A phantom, ghost, apparition:

infelix simulacrum atque ipsius umbra Creusae Visa mihi ante oculos et nota major imago,

Verg. A. 2, 773; cf.:

et nunc magna mei sub terras ibit imago,

shade, spirit, Verg. A. 4, 654; Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 6; cf. id. ib. 1:

non vanae redeat sanguis imagini,

Hor. C. 1, 24, 15:

(somnus) Vanum nocturnis fallit imaginibus,

Tib. 3, 4, 56; cf. Hor. C. 3, 27, 40; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Calig. 50:

te videt in somnis, tua sacra et major imago humana turbat pavidum,

Juv. 13, 221:

quid natum totiens falsis Ludis imaginibus?

phantoms, Verg. A. 1, 408:

ubique pavor et plurima mortis imago,

id. ib. 2, 369; cf.:

repetitaque mortis imago,

Ov. M. 10, 726:

lurida mortis imago,

Petr. 123, v. 257:

varia pereuntium forma et omni imagine mortium,

Tac. H. 3, 28:

caesorum insepultorumque,

id. A. 1, 62:

supremorum (i. e. funeris) imago,

id. H. 4, 45.— Poet.:

genitiva (with forma),

natural shape, figure, Ov. M. 3, 331; so,

rudis et sine imagine tellus (= informis),

shapeless, id. ib. 1, 87.—

In partic., an ancestral image of a distinguished Roman (of one who had been aedile, praetor, or consul; usually made of wax, and placed in the atrium of a Roman house, and carried in funeral processions.—

In plur.: obrepsisti ad honores errore hominum, commendatione fumosarum imaginum, quarum simile habes nihil praeter colorem, of smoky (i. e. old) ancestral images, Cic. Pis. 1, 1; cf. Sen. Ben. 3, 28, 1; Plin. 35, 2, 2, § 6:

si quid deliquero, nullae sunt imagines, quae me a vobis deprecentur,

no ancestors of distinction, Cic. Agr. 2, 36, 100; cf.:

quia imagines non habeo et quia mihi nova nobilitas est,

Sall. J. 85, 25:

qui imagines familiae suae consecuti sunt,

Cic. Agr. 2, 1, 1:

homo veteris prosapiae ac multarum imaginum,

Sall. J. 85, 10:

majorum imagines,

id. ib. 5, 5; Suet. Vesp. 1:

multis in familia senatoriis imaginibus,

id. Aug. 4:

esto beata, funus atque imagines Ducant triumphales tuum,

Hor. Epod. 8, 11:

qui stupet in titulis et imaginibus,

id. S. 1, 6, 17; Plin. 35, 2, 2, § 6 sqq.; Prop. 2, 13, 19; Suet. Vesp. 19.—

In sing. (rare):

jus imaginis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 14, § 36:

imaginis ornandae causa,

id. Sest. 8, 19:

vir honoratissimae imaginis futurus ad posteros,

Liv. 3, 58, 2:

clarum hac fore imagine Scaptium,

would become an aristocrat, id. 3, 72, 4, v. Weissenb. ad loc.:

Tunc Cotta ne imago Libonis exsequias posterorum comitaretur censuit,

Tac. A. 2, 32.

Transf., a reverberation of sound, an echo (mostly poet.):

(mellaria facere oportet) potissimum ubi non resonent imagines,

Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 12:

concava pulsu Saxa sonant, vocisque offensa resultat imago,

Verg. G. 4, 50; cf. Sil. 14, 365:

alternae deceptus imagine vocis: Huc coëamus ait... Coëamus retulit Echo,

Ov. M. 3, 385:

cujus recinit jocosa Nomen imago,

Hor. C. 1, 12, 4; so,

jocosa Vaticani montis,

id. ib. 1, 20, 8:

vaga,

Val. Fl. 3, 596.

Trop.

In gen., an image or likeness of a thing formed in the mind, a conception, thought, imagination, idea:

Scipionis memoriam atque imaginem sibi proponere,

Cic. Lael. 27, 102:

magnam partem noctium in imagine tua vigil exigo,

Plin. Ep. 7, 5, 1:

Verginium cogito, Verginium video, Verginium jam vanis imaginibus audio,

id. ib. 2, 1, 12: imagines, quae eidôla nominant, quorum incursione non solum videmus, sed etiam cogitamus, Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 21; cf.:

imagines extrinsecus in animos nostros per corpus irrumpere,

id. Ac. 2, 40, 125: plena sunt imaginum omnia, nulla species cogitari potest nisi pulsu imaginum, etc.; id. Div. 2, 67, 137 sq.: unum aliquem te ex barbatis illis, exemplum imperii veteris, imaginem antiquitatis, columen rei publicae diceres intueri, an image of the olden time, id. Sest. 8, 19; cf.:

expressam imaginem vitae quotidianae videre,

id. Rosc. Am. 16, 47:

quidnam illi consules dictatoresve facturi essent, qui proconsularem imaginem tam saevam ac trucem fecerint, i. e. by cruelty in office,

Liv. 5, 2, 9:

naturae... urbis et populi,

Cic. Rep. 2, 39 fin.:

justitiae,

Quint. 2, 20, 6:

virtutis,

id. 10, 2, 15:

similitudines ad exprimendas rerum imagines compositae,

id. 8, 3, 72: illae rerum imagines, quas vocari phantasias indicavimus, id. 10, 7, 15:

conscripta formantur imagine templa,

plans, Stat. S. 3, 1, 117:

scipione determinata prius templi imagine in solo,

Plin. 28, 2, 4, § 15:

tua, pater Druse, imago,

memory, Tac. A. 1, 13:

magna illic imago tristium laetorumque,

recollection, id. ib. 2, 53:

si te nulla movet tantae pietatis imago,

Verg. A. 6, 405.—

In partic.

In rhet., a figurative representation, similitude, comparison:

comparabile est, quod in rebus diversis similem aliquam rationem continet. Ejus partes sunt tres: imago, collatio, exemplum. Imago est oratio demonstrans corporum aut naturarum similitudinem, etc.,

Cic. Inv. 1, 30, 49; cf.:

imago est formae cum forma cum quadam similitudine collatio,

Auct. Her. 4, 49, 62; Sen. Ep. 59, 92; Quint. 6, 1, 28; Hor. S. 2, 3, 320; id. Ep. 1, 7, 34.—

With the idea predominating of mere imitation, in opp. to what is original or real, a mere form, image, semblance, appearance, shadow:

consectatur nullam eminentem effigiem virtutis, sed adumbratam imaginem gloriae,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 2, 3:

nos veri juris germanaeque justitiae solidam et expressam effigiem nullam tenemus: umbra et imaginibus utimur,

id. Off. 3, 17, 69; cf.:

non in umbra et imagine civitatis, etc.,

id. Rep. 2, 30; and:

umbram equitis Romani et imaginem videtis,

id. Rab. Post. 15, 41:

haec ars tota dicendi, sive artis imago quaedam est et similitudo, habet hanc vim, ut, etc.,

id. de Or. 2, 87, 356:

judiciorum,

only the appearance of courts, id. Sest. 13, 30; cf.:

imaginem rei publicae nullam reliquissent,

id. Agr. 2, 32, 88:

his quoque imaginibus juris spretis,

Liv. 41, 8, 10:

imaginem retinendi largiendive penes nos, vim penes Parthos,

Tac. A. 15, 14:

habitu et ore ad exprimendam imaginem honesti exercitus,

the pretence, id. ib. 16, 32; 6, 27; id. H. 1, 84; 3, 70:

qui faciem eloquentiae, non imaginem praestaret,

id. Or. 34:

nec imagine rerum, sed rebus incendit,

Quint. 10, 1, 16:

in falsa rerum imagine detineri,

id. 10, 5, 17; cf.:

nullo quippe alio vincis discrimine, quam quod illi (hermae) marmoreum caput est, tua vivit imago,

Juv. 8, 55.—

A representative: non in effigies mutas divinum (Augusti) spiritum transfusum;

sed imaginem veram, caelesti sanguine ortam, intellegere discrimen, etc.,

Tac. A. 4, 52.—

That which suggests or recalls something by resemblance, a reminder:

me consolatur recordatio meorum temporum, quorum imaginem video in rebus tuis,

Cic. Fam. 1, 6, 2:

a Corbulone petierat, ne quam imaginem servitii Tiridates perferret,

nothing to suggest slavery, Tac. A. 15, 31; cf.:

moriar, si praeter te quemquam reliquum habeo, in quo possim imaginem antiquae et vernaculae festivitatis adgnoscere,

Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 2.

līmen, ĭnis, n. [Gr. lechris, loxos; Lat. obliquus, līmus; hence prop. a cross-piece], a threshold; the head-piece or foot-piece of a doorway, the lintel or the sill (limen superum et inferum).

Lit.:

limen superum inferumque, salve,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1: limen superum, quod mihi misero saepe confregit caput: Inferum autem, ubi ego omnis digitos defregi meos, Novius ap. Non. 336, 14:

sensim super attolle limen pedes, nova nupta,

Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 1:

imponere foribus,

Plin. 36, 14, 21, § 96:

ad limen consulis adesse,

Liv. 2, 48:

curiae,

id. 3, 41:

primo limine,

at the outer threshold, Juv. 1, 96.— Plur. ( poet.):

haec limina, intra quae puer est,

Juv. 14, 45; 220.—The moment of touching the threshold was regarded as ominous:

ter limen tetigi,

Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 55.—Prov.: salutare a limine, to greet in passing, i. e. to touch upon slightly, not go deeply into, Sen. Ep. 49, 6.—

Transf.

A door, entrance:

ubi hanc ego tetulero intra limen,

Plaut. Cist. 3, 19:

intrare intra limen,

id. Men. 2, 3, 63:

intra limen cohibere se,

to keep within doors, id. Mil. 3, 1, 11:

marmoreo stridens in limine cardo,

Verg. Cir. 222; Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 73:

fores in liminibus profanarum aedium januae nominantur,

Cic. N. D. 2, 27, 67:

ad valvas se templi limenque convertisse,

Caes. B. C. 3, 105:

penetrare aulas et limina regum,

the courts and doors, Verg. G. 2, 504:

ipso in limine portae,

id. A. 2, 242; cf.:

tremuitque saepe limite in primo sonipes,

Sen. Agam. 629:

famuli ad limina,

doorkeepers, porters, Sil. 1, 66:

in limine portūs,

at the very entrance of the haven, Verg. A. 7, 598:

densos per limina tende corymbos,

Juv. 6, 52.—

Still more gen., a house, dwelling, abode:

matronae nulla auctoritate virorum contineri limine poterant,

in the house, at home, Liv. 34, 1:

ad limen consulis adesse, etc.,

id. 2, 48:

limine pelli,

Verg. A. 7, 579.—

Poet., the barrier in a race-course:

limen relinquunt,

Verg. A. 5, 316.—

Trop., both entrance and exit.

A beginning, commencement ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

leti limine in ipso,

Lucr. 6, 1157:

in limine belli,

Tac. A. 3, 74:

in ipso statim limine obstare,

Quint. 2, 11, 1:

in limine victoriae,

Curt. 6, 3, 10; 6, 9, 17; 9, 10, 26:

a limine ipso mortis revocatus,

Plin. 7, 44, 45, § 143; Sen. Ep. 22, 16; Just. 14, 3, 9.—

An end, termination (post-class.):

in ipso finitae lucis limine,

App. M. 11, p. 267, 18; cf.:

limina sicut in domibus finem quendam faciunt, sic et imperii finem limen esse veteres voluerunt,

Just. Inst. 1, 12, § 5.

mājestas, ātis, f. [major, magnus, q. v.], greatness, grandeur, dignity, majesty.

Lit., of the gods; also the condition of men in high station, as kings, consuls, senators, knights, etc., and, in republican states, esp. freq. of the people (class.).

Of the gods:

di non censent esse suae majestatis, praesignificare hominibus, quae sunt futura,

Cic. Div. 1, 38, 82 sq.:

primus est deorum cultus deos credere, deinde reddere illis majestatem suam,

Sen. Ep. 95, 50:

divinam majestatem asserere sibi coepit,

divine majesty, Suet. Calig. 22.—

Of men:

consulis,

Cic. Pis. 11, 24:

judicum,

id. Rosc. Am. 19, 54:

regia,

Caes. B. C. 3, 106:

ducis,

Phaedr. 2, 5, 23:

senatus,

Liv. 8, 34:

patria,

the paternal authority, id. 8, 7, 3:

inter nos sanctissima divitiarum majestas,

Juv. 1, 113.— The sovereign power, sovereignty of the Roman people:

majestatem populi Romani defendere,

Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13:

per majestatem populi Romani subvenite misero mihi,

Sall. J. 14, 25: ad tantam magnitudinem Romana majestas cunctorum numinum favore pervenit, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 6, 4, 6: majestatem minuere or laedere, to injure or offend against the majesty, sovereignty of the people:

majestatem minuere est de dignitate, aut amplitudine, aut potestate populi, aut eorum, quibus populus potestatem dedit, aliquid derogare,

Cic. Inv. 2, 17, 53; Tac. A. 1, 72:

populi Romani majestatem laedere,

Sen. Contr. 4, 25, 13; Amm. 16, 8, 4; 19, 12, 1; 21, 12, 19 al.: crimen majestatis, high-treason; an offence against the majesty, sovereignty of the people:

et crimen majestatis, quod imperii nostri gloriae, rerumque gestarum monumenta evertere atque asportare ausus est,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 41, § 88:

legionem sollicitare, res est, quae lege majestatis tenetur,

against treason, id. Clu. 35, 97:

condemnatus majestatis,

id. ib.:

laesae majestatis accusari,

Sen. Contr. 4, 25:

majestatis causā damnatus,

Dig. 48, 24, 1:

majestatis judicium,

ib. 2, 20:

Lege Julia majestatis tenetur is, cujus ope, consilio adversus imperatorem vel rem publicam arma mota sunt, exercitusve ejus in insidias deductus est,

Paul. Sent. 5, 29, 1.—As a title of honor of the Roman emperors, majesty, Phaedr. 2, 5, 23; Symm. Ep. 19, 16 et saep.—

Transf., in gen., honor, dignity, excellence, [p. 1102] splendor:

majestas et pudor matronarum,

Liv. 34, 2:

rex apum nullum habeat aculeum, majestate solā armatus,

Plin. 11, 17, 17, § 52: boum, i. e. fine condition, appearance, Varr R. R. 2, 5:

ipsa dierum Festorum herboso colitur si quando theatro,

Juv. 3, 173:

templorum,

id. 11, 111:

Tyria majestas,

the splendor of Tyrian purple, Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 79:

quanta illi fuit gravitas! quanta in oratione majestas!

Cic. Lael. 25, 96:

loci, i. e. Jovis templi,

Liv. 1, 53.

margo, ĭnis, m. and f. (cf. Prisc. p. 684 P.), an edge, brink, border, margin (class., but not in Cic. or Cæs.):

flumen marginibus lapideis,

Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 9:

conchae,

Plin. 9, 36, 61, § 130:

ulceris,

id. 30, 13, 39, § 113:

calicis,

id. 37, 2, 7, § 18:

gemmae,

id. 37, 8, 37, § 116:

margine gramineo (sc. fontis),

Ov. M. 3, 162:

ripae,

id. ib. 5, 598:

agri,

a boundary, Val. Max. 5, 6, 4:

puppis,

Sil. 3, 360:

terrarum,

shore, Ov. M. 1, 13:

viridi si margine cluderet undas herba,

Juv. 3, 14: capite super margine scuti posito, Liv. 44, 33.—In fem.:

margo, quae sustinet arenam,

Vitr. 5, 12; Aemil. Macer. and Rabir. ap. Charis. p. 49 P.:

plena jam margine libri,

Juv. 1, 5; cf. Quint. 1, 1, 27:

margine in extremo littera rasa,

Ov. Am. 1, 11, 22:

comae,

Stat. S. 2, 1, 44:

oculorum,

id. ib. 3, 2, 53:

rostri,

Plin. 9, 10, 12, § 37:

templi,

threshold, Stat. S. 4, 4, 54:

imperii,

boundary, Ov. Tr. 2, 199; cf.:

extremo in margine imperii, qua Rhenus alluit,

Plin. 12, 20, 43, § 98.—

Transf. ( poet.):

partem modicae sumptam de margine cenae,

i. e. the side-dishes, Juv. 4, 30.

mētātor, ōris, m. [id.], one who metes out or marks off a place, a divider and fixer of boundaries (class.).

Lit.:

castrorum antea metator, nunc, ut sperat, urbis,

Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 12; cf. id. ib. 14, 4, 10:

templi,

Lact. 4, 11.—

Trop., a measurer:

tempus arbiter et metator initii et finis,

Tert. adv. Marc. 1, 8.

ōrācŭlum (sync. oraclum: ex oraclo, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 21, 42, or Trag. v. 65 Vahl.; plur, oracla, Att. ap. Non. 488, 2, or Trag. Rel. p. 185 Rib.; Ov. M. 1, 321), i, n. [oro], a divine announcement, an oracle (class.).

Lit.:

oracula ex eo ipso appellata sunt, quod inest in his deorum oratio,

Cic. Top. 20, 77:

quid est enim oraculum? nempe voluntas divina hominis ore enuntiata,

Sen. Contr. 1 praef.:

edere,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 116:

petere a Dodonā,

id. Div. 1, 43, 95:

quaerere,

Verg. G. 4, 449:

poscere,

id. A. 3, 456:

consulere,

Ov. M. 3, 8:

Delphis oracula cessant,

Juv. 6, 555.—

Transf.

In gen., a prophetic declaration, a prophecy:

exposui somnii et furoris oracula,

Cic. Div. 1, 32, 70; 1, 50, 115.—

A place where oracular responses were given, an oracle:

illud oraculum Delphis tam celebre,

Cic. Div. 1, 19, 37:

Hammonis,

Plin. 12, 23, 49, § 107:

Delphicum,

Macr. S. 1, 18, 4.—

Esp. (eccl. Lat.), the mercy-seat, the place in the tabernacle in which the presence of God was manifest, Vulg. Exod. 25, 18; 40, 18:

oraculum templi, sanctum sanctorum,

id. 3 Reg. 8, 6.—

An oracular saying, oracle pronounced by a man:

haec ego nunc physicorum oracula fundo,

Cic. N. D. 1, 24, 66:

inde illa reliqua oracula: nequam agricolam esse, etc.,

Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 40.—

An imperial rescript, Just. Inst. 1, 11, 11.

părĭēs, ĕtis, m. (in Verg. A. 2, 442; 5, 589, pārietibus, quadrisyl.; see Carey's Lat. Prosody, § 47, p. 173) [kindr. with Sanscr. paryanta, from pari-iyanta, margo; Gr. peras, peirar], a wall (cf.: murus, maceria): aut permaceat paries percussus trifaci, Enn. ap. Fest. s. v. trifax, p. 367 Müll. (Ann. v. 524 Vahl.): tosti alti stant parietes, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 116 ib.):

perfodere parietem,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 64; id. As. 3, 2, 17:

perforator parietum,

a term of abuse, id. Ps. 4, 2, 24:

quasi mus, in medio pariete vorsabere,

id. Cas. 1, 52; id. Trin. 4, 3, 32:

quae (domus nostra) non ea est, quam parietes nostri cingunt, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 13, 19; cf. id. ib. 3, 9, 14; id. Mil. 27, 75; id. Top. 4, 22:

parietes disturbare,

id. Par. 4, 1, 28: itaque parietes modo urbis stant;

rem vero publicam penitus amisimus,

the walls, the houses, id. Off. 2, 8, 29:

interiores templi parietes,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 55, § 122:

intra parietes aluit eam gloriam, quam, etc.,

id. Brut. 8, 32; id. Quint. 11, 38:

parietes turris lateribus exstruere,

Caes. B. C. 2, 9:

parietibus textum caecis iter,

Verg. A. 5, 589:

fissus tenui rimā paries,

Ov. M. 4, 65:

quae pro pariete subjectae et omni opere conjunctae,

like a wall, Caes. B. G. 4, 17:

non communione parietum sed propriis muris,

Tac. A. 15, 43.—Of walls of wickerwork:

et paries lento vimine textus erat,

Ov. F. 6, 262:

craticii parietes,

Vitr. 2, 8; Plin. 35, 14, 48, § 169; 17, 10, 11, § 62:

craticulam et parietes,

the top and sides, Vulg. Exod. 30, 3.—Prov.:

tua res agitur, paries cum proximus ardet,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 84:

utrosque parietes linere,

to carry on both shoulders, Petr. 39: duos parietes de eādem fideliā dealbare, to kill two birds with one stone, Cur. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 29, 2:

in caducum parietem inclinare,

to lean on a broken reed, Spart. Hadr. 23.—

Trop.:

neve inter vos significetis ego ero paries,

partition-wall, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 14:

densitatis,

rampart, Plin. 17, 10, 11, § 62.

penna or pinna (old forms, pesna, petna, Fest. p. 205, 209 Müll.), f. [orig. different words, penna for petna; root petor pat-; Sanscr. patāmi, to fly; Gr. petomai, prop. a wing: pinna for pitna; cf. Sanscr. pitu; Gr. pitus, the pine-tree; Lat. pinus; cf.: spiculum, spina;

prop. a sharp point or end. To a late period an effort was made to distinguish them: nec miretur (puer), cur... fiat a pinno quod est acutum, securis utrimque habens aciem bipennis, ne illorum sequatur errorem, qui, quia a pennis duabus hoc esse nomen existimant, pennas avium dici volunt,

Quint. 1, 4, 12 Halm:

pinnum enim antiqui acutum dicebant,

Isid. Orig. 19, 19, 11 dub. (v. 1. pennus): pinnas murorum, pennas avium dicimus, Flav. Cap. p. 2243 P. This dictum of the old grammar we have to retain, although the distinction is neither etymologically sound nor is it always practically true; cf. bipennis, Bramb. Lat. Orthog. p. 118. In MSS. and edd. the two forms have mostly been used indiscriminately in all meanings except II. D. E. F. infra, in which pinna only is found; cf. esp. Wagn. Orth. Verg. p. 465; Rib. prol. Verg. p. 441 sq.; Corss. Ausspr. 2, p. 270 sq.], a feather on the body of a winged creature (syn. pluma).

Lit.

Form penna:

sine pennis volare haud facile est: meae alae pennas non habent,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 48:

pennarum tuarum nitor,

Phaedr. 1, 13, 6:

maduere graves aspergine pennae,

Ov. M. 4, 728.—

Form pinna:

(aves) pullos pinnis fovent,

Cic. N. D. 2, 52, 129:

pinnarum caules omnium cavi,

Plin. 11, 39, 34, § 97; Sen. Ep. 42, 4: ova parire solet genus pinnis condecoratum, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 59 Müll. (Ann. v. 10 Vahl.):

conveniebat corvos ex albis album pinnis jactare colorem,

Lucr. 2, 823 Munro:

galli salaces, frequentibus pinnis,

Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 5; Col. 8, 2, 10:

nam his rebus plumam pinnasque emundant,

id. ib. 9, 14, 7:

ut statim per somnum hianti pinna in os inderetur,

Suet. Claud. 33.—

Transf.

In plur.: pennae (pinnae), a wing (syn. ala).

Form pennae:

age tu, sis, sine pennis vola,

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 80:

quatere in aëre,

Ov. M. 4, 676:

pennis resumptis,

id. ib. 4, 664:

vertere,

to fly away, Prop. 2, 24, 22 (3, 19, 6): penna, collect. for the wings, Ov. M. 2, 376.—

Form pinnae:

geminis secat aëra pinnis,

Cic. Arat. 48 (282):

pinnas explicare,

Ov. Am. 2, 6, 55: o Fides alma, apta pinnis, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 3, 29, 104 (Trag. v. 410 Vahl.): densis ales pinnis obnixa, id. ap. Prob. ad Verg. E. 6, 31 (Ann. v. 148 ib.): (aquila) praepetibus pinnis (B. and K.;

al. pennis), Cic. poët. Div. 1, 47, 106. —Of bees: pinnis coruscant,

Verg. G. 4, 73. —Of locusts:

pinnarum stridor,

Plin. 11, 29, 35, § 104.—Of gnats:

pinnae culicis,

Plin. 11, 2, 1, § 3.—Prov.: pinnas incidere alicui, to clip one's wings, i. e. to deprive one of power or rank, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 5; so, decisis humilis pinnis, with clipped wings, i. e. with disappointed hopes, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 50; cf. the opp.: extendere pinnas, to spread out one's wings, i. e. to attempt great things, id. ib. 1, 20, 21.—

Poet., a flying, flight.

Form penna: felicibus edita pennis, i. e. with a happy omen from the flight of birds, Prop. 3, 10 (4, 9), 11; Sil. 3, 344; Val. Fl. 1, 231.—

Form pinna:

pinnā veras dare notas,

Ov. F. 1, 448.—

A feather on an arrow ( poet.).

Form penna:

per jugulum pennis tenus acta sagitta est,

Ov. M. 6, 258.—Hence,

Meton., an arrow ( poet.).

Form penna:

cervos pennā petere,

Val. Fl. 6, 421.—

Form pinna:

olor trajectus pinnā,

Ov. F. 2, 110.—

In late Lat., a pen. —Form penna:

instrumenta scribae, calamus et penna: sed calamus arboris est, penna avis,

Isid. Orig. 6, 14.—

A fin. —Form pinna, Plin. 9, 13, 15, § 42.—

A pinnacle. —Form pinna:

turres contabulantur, pinnae loricaeque ex cratibus attexuntur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 39; 7, 72: milites Metelli... a pinnis hostis defendebant facillime funditore, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 1, 1; Verg. A. 7, 159:

templi,

Vulg. Luc. 4, 9.—

In mechanics.

A float or bucket of a water-wheel.—Form pinna, Vitr. 10, 10. —

A stop or key of a water-organ.—

Form pinna,

Vitr. 10, 13.

per-rumpo, rūpi, ruptum, 3, v. n. and a., to break through.

Neutr., to break or rush through, to force one's way through:

per medios hostes perrumpunt,

Caes. B. G. 6, 39:

in vestibulum templi,

Liv. 3, 18:

in urbem,

id. 10, 41:

in triclinium usque,

Suet. Oth. 8.— Impers. pass.:

nec per castra eorum perrumpi ad Capuam posse,

Liv. 26, 7. —

In gen., to break through any thing:

ut rates perrumperet,

Caes. B. C. 1, 26:

perrumpitur concretus aër,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 18, 42:

bipenni Limina,

Verg. A. 2, 479:

laterum cratem,

Ov. M. 12, 370:

costam,

Cels. 8, 9.—

In partic., to force one's way through any thing:

paludem,

Caes. B. G. 7, 19:

acie perruptā,

Vell. 2, 112, 6; Tac. H. 2, 44:

perruptus hostis,

id. A. 1, 51:

Acheronta,

Hor. C. 1, 3, 36.—

Trop., to break through, break down, overcome:

leges,

Cic. Off. 3, 8, 36:

periculum,

id. Part. 32, 112:

quaestiones,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 5, § 13:

perrumpi affectu aliquo,

Tac. A. 3, 15:

magistratus, qui te invito perrumpunt,

overcome your modesty, id. ib. 4, 40:

fastidia,

Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 25.

penna or pinna (old forms, pesna, petna, Fest. p. 205, 209 Müll.), f. [orig. different words, penna for petna; root petor pat-; Sanscr. patāmi, to fly; Gr. petomai, prop. a wing: pinna for pitna; cf. Sanscr. pitu; Gr. pitus, the pine-tree; Lat. pinus; cf.: spiculum, spina;

prop. a sharp point or end. To a late period an effort was made to distinguish them: nec miretur (puer), cur... fiat a pinno quod est acutum, securis utrimque habens aciem bipennis, ne illorum sequatur errorem, qui, quia a pennis duabus hoc esse nomen existimant, pennas avium dici volunt,

Quint. 1, 4, 12 Halm:

pinnum enim antiqui acutum dicebant,

Isid. Orig. 19, 19, 11 dub. (v. 1. pennus): pinnas murorum, pennas avium dicimus, Flav. Cap. p. 2243 P. This dictum of the old grammar we have to retain, although the distinction is neither etymologically sound nor is it always practically true; cf. bipennis, Bramb. Lat. Orthog. p. 118. In MSS. and edd. the two forms have mostly been used indiscriminately in all meanings except II. D. E. F. infra, in which pinna only is found; cf. esp. Wagn. Orth. Verg. p. 465; Rib. prol. Verg. p. 441 sq.; Corss. Ausspr. 2, p. 270 sq.], a feather on the body of a winged creature (syn. pluma).

Lit.

Form penna:

sine pennis volare haud facile est: meae alae pennas non habent,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 48:

pennarum tuarum nitor,

Phaedr. 1, 13, 6:

maduere graves aspergine pennae,

Ov. M. 4, 728.—

Form pinna:

(aves) pullos pinnis fovent,

Cic. N. D. 2, 52, 129:

pinnarum caules omnium cavi,

Plin. 11, 39, 34, § 97; Sen. Ep. 42, 4: ova parire solet genus pinnis condecoratum, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 59 Müll. (Ann. v. 10 Vahl.):

conveniebat corvos ex albis album pinnis jactare colorem,

Lucr. 2, 823 Munro:

galli salaces, frequentibus pinnis,

Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 5; Col. 8, 2, 10:

nam his rebus plumam pinnasque emundant,

id. ib. 9, 14, 7:

ut statim per somnum hianti pinna in os inderetur,

Suet. Claud. 33.—

Transf.

In plur.: pennae (pinnae), a wing (syn. ala).

Form pennae:

age tu, sis, sine pennis vola,

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 80:

quatere in aëre,

Ov. M. 4, 676:

pennis resumptis,

id. ib. 4, 664:

vertere,

to fly away, Prop. 2, 24, 22 (3, 19, 6): penna, collect. for the wings, Ov. M. 2, 376.—

Form pinnae:

geminis secat aëra pinnis,

Cic. Arat. 48 (282):

pinnas explicare,

Ov. Am. 2, 6, 55: o Fides alma, apta pinnis, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 3, 29, 104 (Trag. v. 410 Vahl.): densis ales pinnis obnixa, id. ap. Prob. ad Verg. E. 6, 31 (Ann. v. 148 ib.): (aquila) praepetibus pinnis (B. and K.;

al. pennis), Cic. poët. Div. 1, 47, 106. —Of bees: pinnis coruscant,

Verg. G. 4, 73. —Of locusts:

pinnarum stridor,

Plin. 11, 29, 35, § 104.—Of gnats:

pinnae culicis,

Plin. 11, 2, 1, § 3.—Prov.: pinnas incidere alicui, to clip one's wings, i. e. to deprive one of power or rank, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 5; so, decisis humilis pinnis, with clipped wings, i. e. with disappointed hopes, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 50; cf. the opp.: extendere pinnas, to spread out one's wings, i. e. to attempt great things, id. ib. 1, 20, 21.—

Poet., a flying, flight.

Form penna: felicibus edita pennis, i. e. with a happy omen from the flight of birds, Prop. 3, 10 (4, 9), 11; Sil. 3, 344; Val. Fl. 1, 231.—

Form pinna:

pinnā veras dare notas,

Ov. F. 1, 448.—

A feather on an arrow ( poet.).

Form penna:

per jugulum pennis tenus acta sagitta est,

Ov. M. 6, 258.—Hence,

Meton., an arrow ( poet.).

Form penna:

cervos pennā petere,

Val. Fl. 6, 421.—

Form pinna:

olor trajectus pinnā,

Ov. F. 2, 110.—

In late Lat., a pen. —Form penna:

instrumenta scribae, calamus et penna: sed calamus arboris est, penna avis,

Isid. Orig. 6, 14.—

A fin. —Form pinna, Plin. 9, 13, 15, § 42.—

A pinnacle. —Form pinna:

turres contabulantur, pinnae loricaeque ex cratibus attexuntur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 39; 7, 72: milites Metelli... a pinnis hostis defendebant facillime funditore, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 1, 1; Verg. A. 7, 159:

templi,

Vulg. Luc. 4, 9.—

In mechanics.

A float or bucket of a water-wheel.—Form pinna, Vitr. 10, 10. —

A stop or key of a water-organ.—

Form pinna,

Vitr. 10, 13.

penna or pinna (old forms, pesna, petna, Fest. p. 205, 209 Müll.), f. [orig. different words, penna for petna; root petor pat-; Sanscr. patāmi, to fly; Gr. petomai, prop. a wing: pinna for pitna; cf. Sanscr. pitu; Gr. pitus, the pine-tree; Lat. pinus; cf.: spiculum, spina;

prop. a sharp point or end. To a late period an effort was made to distinguish them: nec miretur (puer), cur... fiat a pinno quod est acutum, securis utrimque habens aciem bipennis, ne illorum sequatur errorem, qui, quia a pennis duabus hoc esse nomen existimant, pennas avium dici volunt,

Quint. 1, 4, 12 Halm:

pinnum enim antiqui acutum dicebant,

Isid. Orig. 19, 19, 11 dub. (v. 1. pennus): pinnas murorum, pennas avium dicimus, Flav. Cap. p. 2243 P. This dictum of the old grammar we have to retain, although the distinction is neither etymologically sound nor is it always practically true; cf. bipennis, Bramb. Lat. Orthog. p. 118. In MSS. and edd. the two forms have mostly been used indiscriminately in all meanings except II. D. E. F. infra, in which pinna only is found; cf. esp. Wagn. Orth. Verg. p. 465; Rib. prol. Verg. p. 441 sq.; Corss. Ausspr. 2, p. 270 sq.], a feather on the body of a winged creature (syn. pluma).

Lit.

Form penna:

sine pennis volare haud facile est: meae alae pennas non habent,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 48:

pennarum tuarum nitor,

Phaedr. 1, 13, 6:

maduere graves aspergine pennae,

Ov. M. 4, 728.—

Form pinna:

(aves) pullos pinnis fovent,

Cic. N. D. 2, 52, 129:

pinnarum caules omnium cavi,

Plin. 11, 39, 34, § 97; Sen. Ep. 42, 4: ova parire solet genus pinnis condecoratum, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 59 Müll. (Ann. v. 10 Vahl.):

conveniebat corvos ex albis album pinnis jactare colorem,

Lucr. 2, 823 Munro:

galli salaces, frequentibus pinnis,

Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 5; Col. 8, 2, 10:

nam his rebus plumam pinnasque emundant,

id. ib. 9, 14, 7:

ut statim per somnum hianti pinna in os inderetur,

Suet. Claud. 33.—

Transf.

In plur.: pennae (pinnae), a wing (syn. ala).

Form pennae:

age tu, sis, sine pennis vola,

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 80:

quatere in aëre,

Ov. M. 4, 676:

pennis resumptis,

id. ib. 4, 664:

vertere,

to fly away, Prop. 2, 24, 22 (3, 19, 6): penna, collect. for the wings, Ov. M. 2, 376.—

Form pinnae:

geminis secat aëra pinnis,

Cic. Arat. 48 (282):

pinnas explicare,

Ov. Am. 2, 6, 55: o Fides alma, apta pinnis, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 3, 29, 104 (Trag. v. 410 Vahl.): densis ales pinnis obnixa, id. ap. Prob. ad Verg. E. 6, 31 (Ann. v. 148 ib.): (aquila) praepetibus pinnis (B. and K.;

al. pennis), Cic. poët. Div. 1, 47, 106. —Of bees: pinnis coruscant,

Verg. G. 4, 73. —Of locusts:

pinnarum stridor,

Plin. 11, 29, 35, § 104.—Of gnats:

pinnae culicis,

Plin. 11, 2, 1, § 3.—Prov.: pinnas incidere alicui, to clip one's wings, i. e. to deprive one of power or rank, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 5; so, decisis humilis pinnis, with clipped wings, i. e. with disappointed hopes, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 50; cf. the opp.: extendere pinnas, to spread out one's wings, i. e. to attempt great things, id. ib. 1, 20, 21.—

Poet., a flying, flight.

Form penna: felicibus edita pennis, i. e. with a happy omen from the flight of birds, Prop. 3, 10 (4, 9), 11; Sil. 3, 344; Val. Fl. 1, 231.—

Form pinna:

pinnā veras dare notas,

Ov. F. 1, 448.—

A feather on an arrow ( poet.).

Form penna:

per jugulum pennis tenus acta sagitta est,

Ov. M. 6, 258.—Hence,

Meton., an arrow ( poet.).

Form penna:

cervos pennā petere,

Val. Fl. 6, 421.—

Form pinna:

olor trajectus pinnā,

Ov. F. 2, 110.—

In late Lat., a pen. —Form penna:

instrumenta scribae, calamus et penna: sed calamus arboris est, penna avis,

Isid. Orig. 6, 14.—

A fin. —Form pinna, Plin. 9, 13, 15, § 42.—

A pinnacle. —Form pinna:

turres contabulantur, pinnae loricaeque ex cratibus attexuntur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 39; 7, 72: milites Metelli... a pinnis hostis defendebant facillime funditore, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 1, 1; Verg. A. 7, 159:

templi,

Vulg. Luc. 4, 9.—

In mechanics.

A float or bucket of a water-wheel.—Form pinna, Vitr. 10, 10. —

A stop or key of a water-organ.—

Form pinna,

Vitr. 10, 13.

pĭācŭlum (sync. collat. form pĭā-clum, Prud. steph. 14, 219), i, n. [pio], a means of appeasing a deity; hence,

Lit.

A sin-offering, propitiatory sacrifiee: [p. 1374] porco piaculo facito, Cato, R. R. 139; 140:

porcc femina piaculum pati,

to bring, Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 57:

piaculum hostia caedi,

Liv. 8, 10:

te piacula nulla resolvent,

Hor. C. 1, 28, 34:

piacula manibus infert,

Ov. M. 6, 569:

falsi mundi,

Liv. 1, 26: sed quo te, M. Tulli, piaculo taceam, i. e. how can I be justified in, etc., Plin. 7, 31, 31, § 116; Macr. S. 3, 10, 7.—

Concr., an animal offered up in sacrifice, a victim: duc nigras pecudes;

ea prima piacula sunto,

Verg. A. 6, 153:

non sperat tragicae furtiva piacula cervae,

i. e. substitution, Juv. 12, 120.— Transf.,

Of persons offered as an expiation, atonement:

(Hannibalem) ad piaculum rupti foederis,

Liv. 21, 10, 12:

ut luendis periculis publicis piacula simus,

id. 10, 28, 13.—

In gen., a remedy, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 36.—

Punishment:

dea a violatoribus (sui templi) gravia piacula exegit,

Liv. 29, 18; Just. 8, 2, 6; Val. Max. 1, 1, 14; Sil. 13, 702.—

Transf., that which requires expiation.

A wicked action, sin, crime; guilt: eo die verberari piaculum est, Fab. Pict. ap. Gell. 10, 15, 10:

palam mutire plebeio piaculum est, Enn. ap. Fest. s. v. mutire, p. 145 Müll. (Trag. v. 376 Vahl.): piaculum est misereri nos hominum rem male gerentum,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 13:

sine piaculo rerum praetermissarum,

Liv. 39, 47:

piaculum committere,

id. 5, 52; Paul. Sent. 1, 21, 4:

commissa piacula,

Verg. A. 6, 569:

solutus piaculo,

Tac. A. 1, 30:

nec sine piaculo quodam sanctissimas necessitudines scindi,

Plin. Pan. 37:

ne terra impleatur piaculo,

Vulg. Lev. 19, 29.—

An unhappy event, a misfortune, Plin. 25, 8, 46, § 84.

pĭācŭlum (sync. collat. form pĭā-clum, Prud. steph. 14, 219), i, n. [pio], a means of appeasing a deity; hence,

Lit.

A sin-offering, propitiatory sacrifiee: [p. 1374] porco piaculo facito, Cato, R. R. 139; 140:

porcc femina piaculum pati,

to bring, Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 57:

piaculum hostia caedi,

Liv. 8, 10:

te piacula nulla resolvent,

Hor. C. 1, 28, 34:

piacula manibus infert,

Ov. M. 6, 569:

falsi mundi,

Liv. 1, 26: sed quo te, M. Tulli, piaculo taceam, i. e. how can I be justified in, etc., Plin. 7, 31, 31, § 116; Macr. S. 3, 10, 7.—

Concr., an animal offered up in sacrifice, a victim: duc nigras pecudes;

ea prima piacula sunto,

Verg. A. 6, 153:

non sperat tragicae furtiva piacula cervae,

i. e. substitution, Juv. 12, 120.— Transf.,

Of persons offered as an expiation, atonement:

(Hannibalem) ad piaculum rupti foederis,

Liv. 21, 10, 12:

ut luendis periculis publicis piacula simus,

id. 10, 28, 13.—

In gen., a remedy, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 36.—

Punishment:

dea a violatoribus (sui templi) gravia piacula exegit,

Liv. 29, 18; Just. 8, 2, 6; Val. Max. 1, 1, 14; Sil. 13, 702.—

Transf., that which requires expiation.

A wicked action, sin, crime; guilt: eo die verberari piaculum est, Fab. Pict. ap. Gell. 10, 15, 10:

palam mutire plebeio piaculum est, Enn. ap. Fest. s. v. mutire, p. 145 Müll. (Trag. v. 376 Vahl.): piaculum est misereri nos hominum rem male gerentum,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 13:

sine piaculo rerum praetermissarum,

Liv. 39, 47:

piaculum committere,

id. 5, 52; Paul. Sent. 1, 21, 4:

commissa piacula,

Verg. A. 6, 569:

solutus piaculo,

Tac. A. 1, 30:

nec sine piaculo quodam sanctissimas necessitudines scindi,

Plin. Pan. 37:

ne terra impleatur piaculo,

Vulg. Lev. 19, 29.—

An unhappy event, a misfortune, Plin. 25, 8, 46, § 84.

postīcus, a, um, adj. [post; like anticus from ante].

That is behind, hinder, back -, posterior (class., but not in Cic. or Cæs.):

est etiam hic ostium aliud posticum nostrarum aedium,

backdoor, Plaut. Stich. 3, 1, 40; cf.: posticum ostium dicitur in posteriore parte aedium. Ceterum antiqui etiam vicinum habitantem ad posteriorem partem aedium sic appellarunt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 220 Müll.:

locus erat posticis aedium partibus,

Liv. 23, 8: perrexit in interiores partes domuis posticae, of the backbuilding, out - house, Varr. ap. Non. 217, 7:

domo posticā egressus,

Val. Max. 5, 7, 3:

muri,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 42 Müll.: vicinus, v. Paul. ex Fest. l. l.: non peperit, verum posticā parte profudit, with the posteriors, Lucil. ap. Non. 217, 17:

sannae,

made behind the back, Pers. 1, 62:

pedes,

hind feet, Sol. 26:

pars palatii,

Suet. Oth. 6:

posticam lineam in agris dividendis Serv. Sulpicius appellavit, ab exoriente sole ad occidentem quae spectabat,

Fest. p. 233 Müll.: quae ante nos sunt, antica: et quae post nos sunt, postica dicuntur: et dextram anticam, sinistram posticam dicimus. Sic etiam ea caeli pars, quae sole illustratur ad meridiem, antica nominatur, quae ad septentrionem postica, Paul. ex Fest. p. 220 Müll.; cf.:

ejus templi partes quattuor dicuntur: sinistra ab oriente, dextra ab occasu, antica ad meridiem, postica ad septentrionem,

Varr. L. L. 7, § 7 Müll.—

Subst.

postīca, ae, f., a backdoor (post-class.), App. M. 9, p. 217, 25; Dig. 7, 1, 13.—

postīcum, i, n.

A backdoor (the prevailing form for this signif.):

per posticum se conferre,

Plaut. Most. 3, 3, 27:

atria servantem postico falle clientem,

Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 31; Vulg. Dan. 13, 18.—

The back part of a building, the rear front, Titin. ap. Non. 217, 19:

in pronao, et postico,

Vitr. 3, 1.—

A backhouse, privy (anteclass.), Lucil. ap. Non. 217, 20.—

The posteriors, the fundament (ante- and postclass.): retrimenta cibi, quae exierunt per posticum, Varr. ap. Non. 217, 24; also in plur., Arn. 2, 54.

prōcūrātĭo, ōnis, f. [procuro].

In gen.

A caring for, taking care of, having the charge of a thing; a charge, superintendence, administration, management, procuration (class.):

dum me rei publicae non solum cura, sed quaedam etiam procuratio multis officiis implicatum et constrictum tenebat,

Cic. Ac. 1, 3, 11:

dum necesse erat, unus omnia poterat: qui, postea quam magistratus creavit, sua cuique procuratio auctoritasque est restituta,

id. Rosc. Am. 48, 139:

procuratio templi,

Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 2:

mearum rerum existimationisque meae,

Cic. Fam. 15, 13, 3:

rerum humanarum,

id. N. D. 1, 1, 3:

ministerii,

Liv. 4, 8:

annonae,

Cic. Att. 4, 1, 6:

male gesta,

Quint. 7, 4, 35.—In plur.:

ad amplissimas procurationes promotus,

charges, offices, Plin. Ep. 7, 31, 3.—

An effort, aim, seeking for any thing (post-class.):

quia benignitas eum per sese ipsa delectet, sine ullā recipiendae gratiae procuratione,

Gell. 17, 5, 4.—

In partic., of religious acts, an averting or expiating of an evil omen or crime by offering the proper sacrifices, an expiatory sacrifice, expiation (class.):

cum terrae motus factus esset, ut sue plena procuratio fieret,

Cic. Div. 1, 45, 101:

prodigii,

Liv. 7, 6:

procurationes incesti,

Tac. A. 12, 8.