-
1 τάσσω
τάσσω fut. τάξω LXX; 1 aor. ἔταξα; perf. τέταχα. Mid.: 1 aor. ἐταξάμην. Pass.: aor. ptc. n. sg. ταχθέν EpJer 61, pl. ταγέντα (TestJob 16:3); pf. τέταγμαι, ptc. τεταγμένος (Pind., Aeschyl., Pre-Socr., Hdt.+)① to bring about an order of things by arranging, arrange, put in placeⓐ of an authority structure pass. αἱ οὖσαι (ἐξουσίαι) ὑπὸ θεοῦ τεταγμέναι εἰσίν the (structures of authority) presently existing are put in place by God Ro 13:1 (cp. IAndrosIsis, Kyme on the role of Isis in ordering a variety of social, political, and economic structures; some interpret as metonymy for officeholders, cp. Da 4:37b; Horace, Odes 1, 12, 13–16; 49–52; Vergil, Ecl. 3, 60f); of established authority in contrast to a rabble MPol 10:2 (τάσσεσθαι ὑπό τινος as here, Eur., Iph. A. 1363; X., An. 1, 6, 6; 2, 6, 13; Simplicius In Epict. p. 60, 19 Düb. τεταγμένοι ὑπὸ θεοῦ).ⓑ of a pers. put into a specific position, used w. a prep. τάσσειν τινὰ ἐπί τινος put someone over or in charge of someone or someth. (Polyb. 5, 65, 7; ins; Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 11, 51 [II B.C.]; PRev 51, 9 [III B.C.]) pass. (Arrian, Anab. 3, 6, 7 ἐπὶ πῶν χρημάτων=in charge of the finances; En 20:5; Jos., Ant. 2, 70; 7, 370.—ἐπί τινι Ath. 24, 3) ἐφʼ ἧς (i.e. the way of light) εἰσὶν τεταγμένοι φωταγωγοὶ ἄγγελοι B 18:1.—On ἄνθρωπος ὑπὸ ἐξουσίαν τασσόμενος Mt 8:9 v.l.; Lk 7:8 s. ἐξουσία 4 (τάσσεσθαι ὑπό τινα ‘be put under someone’s command’ Polyb. 3, 16, 3; 5, 65, 7; Diod S 2, 26, 8; 4, 9, 5; OGI 56, 13 [237 B.C.] τοῖς ὑπὸ τὴν βασιλείαν τασσομένοις; but Just., D. 126, 5 ὑπὸ τῷ πατρί).—τάσσειν τινά εἰς assign someone to a (certain) classification, used also w. an abstract noun (Pla., Rep. 2, 371c, Polit. 289e), pass. belong to, be classed among those possessing ὅσοι ἦσαν τεταγμένοι εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον Ac 13:48.—τάσσειν ἑαυτὸν εἰς διακονίαν devote oneself to a service (cp. X., Mem. 2, 1, 11 εἰς τὴν δουλείαν ἐμαυτὸν τάττω; Pla., Rep. 2, 371c τάττειν ἑαυτὸν ἐπὶ τὴν διακονίαν ταύτην) 1 Cor 16:15.② to give instructions as to what must be done, order, fix, determine, appoint (Trag., Hdt. +; ins, pap, LXX; TestJob 17:3; Just., A I, 17, 1 φόρους, A II, 5, 2 νόμον; Ath., R. 14 p. 64, 19 τὰ φύσει τεταγμένα)ⓐ act. and pass., foll. by acc. w. inf. (X., An. 3, 1, 25) Ac 15:2; 18:2 v.l. περὶ πάντων ὧν τέτακταί σοι ποιῆσαι concerning everything that you have been ordered to do 22:10 (cp. X., Resp. Lac. 11, 6). ὁ τεταγμένος ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ δρόμος the course which has been fixed by him (i.e. by God) 1 Cl 20:2 (cp. Philo, Poster. Cai. 144, Rer. Div. Her. 97 τεταγμέναι περίοδοι ἀστέρων). κατὰ καιροὺς τεταγμένους at appointed times 40:1 (cp. Polyb. 17, 1, 1).ⓑ mid.=act. (Hdt. et al.; 2 Km 20:5) εἰς τὸ ὄρος οὗ ἐτάξατο αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς (i.e. πορεύεσθαι) Mt 28:16. ταξάμενοι αὐτῷ ἡμέραν ἦλθον they set a day for him and came Ac 28:23 (τασς. ἡμέραν as Polyb. 18, 19, 1; Jos., Ant. 9, 136).—DELG. M-M. TW. -
2 καυλός
καυλός, ὁ,A stem of a plant (opp. στέλεχος, of trees, Thphr.HP1.1.9), Epich.158, Ar.Eq. 824 (anap.); κ. σιλφίου ib. 894; ἢ σίλφιον ἢ ὀπὸςἢ κ. Hp.Acut.37
; calledἐκ Κυρήνης κ. Hermipp.63.4
;κ. ἐκ Καρχηδόνος Eub.19
;κ. Λίβυς Antiph.217.13
, cf. 325; (pl., i B.C.), cf. Dsc.2.120, Archig. ap. Gal.13.331.2 Hom. (only in Il.), spear-shaft,ἐν καυλῷ ἐάγη δολιχὸν δόρυ Il.13.162
; κατεκλάσθη δ' ἐνὶ καυλῷ ἔγχος ib. 608; once of a sword-hilt, .3 of various tubular structures in animals, πτεροῦ καυλός quill part of a feather, Pl.Phdr. 251b, cf. Arist. HA 504a31; neck of the bladder, ib. 497a20; duct of the penis, ib. 510a26; cervix uteri, ib. 510b11; ovipositor of locusts, ib. 555b21.II vegetable of the cabbage kind, cole, kail, cauliflower, Alex.127.5, Anaxandr.41.58 (pl.), Eub.7.3 (pl.).III membrum virile, Hp.Int.14, D.S.32.11, Gal.UP14.12, Ruf.Onom. 101, etc. (Cf. Lat.caulus, caulis, Lith. kaáulas 'bone'.) -
3 μετέωρος
A raised from off the ground,τάφον ἑωυτῇ κατεσκευάσατο μ. Hdt.1.187
;σκέλεα δὲ.. κατακρέμαται μ. Id.4.72
;μ. ἐξεκόμισαν τὰς ἁμάξας X.An.1.5.8
; πῆχυς μ. an arm hanging (without support from a bandage), Hp.Fract.7; μ. αἰωρηθῆναι, of a man, Id.Art.70: freq. of anatomical structures, unsupported, Gal.2.469, al.; τὰ μ. οἰκήματα, opp. τὰ ὑπόγαια, Hdt.2.148; -ότερος.. τῶν σαύρων raised higher than.., above.., of the chamaeleon, Arist.HA 503a21; of high ground,τῶν χωρίωντὰ-ότατα Th.4.32
; ἀπὸ τοῦ μ. ib. 128, cf. D.55.29 ([comp] Comp.); χωρία νέμεσθαι -ότερα, opp. ἑλώδη, Arist.HA 596b4;τὰ -ότατα μέρη Protagorid.4
; κατὰ τὸ μ. τοῦ ποταμοῦ as one looks up the river, Paus.8.30.2.2 on the surface,ἀπὸ τοῦ -οτάτου IG22.1668.8
: hence, prominent, of eyes, X.Cyn.4.1; of roots, running along the ground, opp. βαθύρριζος, Thphr.HP3.10.3, CP1.3.4, 5.9.8; ἀλγήματα μ. superficial pains, Hp.Aph.6.7;τομαί Id.Loc.Hom.13
; πνεῦμα μ. shallow, not deep, Id.Epid.3.1.ζ, Gal.7.946; - ότερον ἄσθμα more rapid breathing, Phld.Ir.p.27 W.; also μ. ὀχετοί open, surface drains, Arist.Ath.50.2, OGl483.62 (Pergam., ii B.C.).II = μετάρσιος, in mid-air, high in air,ἀνακινῆσαί τινα μ. Hdt.4.94
;ἆραί τινα μ. Ar.Eq. 1362
;μ. αἴρεσθαι Id. Pax80
; Ἀήρ, ὃς ἔχεις τὴν γῆν μ. poised on high, Id.Nu. 264;ἀφικνεῖ μ. ὑπ' αὔρας Cratin. 207
; τὰ μ. χωρία the regions of air, Ar.Av. 818, cf. 690; κρεμασθεὶς καὶ βλέπων μ. looking into mid-air, Pl.Tht. 175d; of birds,μ. ἀεὶ μένειν ἀδύνατον Arist.IA 714a21
; of fish,μ. πέτεσθαι Id.HA 535b28
; μ. νεῖν swim near the surface, ib. 602b22; τὰ μ. things in the heaven above, astronomical phenomena, Hp.VM1; οὐ γὰρ ἄν ποτε ἐξηῦρον ὀρθῶς τὰ μ. πράγματα, says Socrates, Ar.Nu. 228, cf. 1284; τὰ μ. φροντιστής, of Socrates, Pl.Ap. 18b;ἀλαζονεύεται περὶ τῶν μ. Eup.146b
;τὰ μ. καὶ τὰ ὑπὸ γῆς Pl.Ap. 23d
, cf. Epicur.Ep.1p.27U., etc.: [comp] Comp., οἶσθα -ότερόν τι τῶν θεῶν; X.Smp.6.7. Adv. -ως Philostr.VA4.21.2 on the high sea, of ships,καθορῶσι τὰς.. ναῦς μ. Th.1.48
;αἱ δὲ μ. ὥρμουν Id.4.26
;μίαν ναῦν ἀπολλύασι μ. Id.8.10
; of persons,ὅσοι μὴ μ. ἑάλωσαν Id.7.71
;μ. πλεῖν Str.2.3.4
.3 of a horse, high-stepping,πομπικῷ καὶ μ. καὶ λαμπρῷ ἵππῳ X.Eq.11.1
.4 generally, unsettled, fermenting, undigested,μ. καὶ ἄπεπτα καὶ ἄκρητα Hp.VM19
; inflated,ὑποχόνδρια Id.Aph.4.73
.III metaph., of the mind, buoyed up, in suspense,Ἑλλὰς ἅπασα μετέωρος ἦν Th.2.8
;μετεώρῳ <τῇ> πόλει κινδυνεύειν Id.6.10
;μ. ταῖς διανοίαις Plb.3.107.6
, etc.; μ. ταῖς ἐπιβολαῖς ἐπὶ πόλεμον eager for.., Id.5.101.2;πρὸς ἐλπίδας Id.5.62.1
; ἐπί τινος or τινι, Luc.Dem.Enc.28, Merc.Cond.15;μ. πορεύῃ εἰς Ἀθήνας Arr.Epict.3.24.75
, cf. Jul.Or.3.122d; haughty, puffed up, Plb.3.82.2, LXX 2 Ki.22.28;γαῦρος καὶ μ. Luc.Nigr.5
; μετέωρε 'proud one', AP5.20 (Rufin.); of style, inflated, opp. ὑψηλός (sublime), Longin.3.2: also in good sense, τὸ μ. καὶ πομπικόν (cf. 11.3) elevation of style, D.H.Is.19.2 of conditions, uncertain,τῶν πραγμάτων ὄντων μ. D.19.122
;ὁπηνίκα ἂν τὰ τῆς βασιλείας μ. ᾖ Hdn. 2.12.4
; unsettled,χρόνος μ. καὶ κινδυνώδης Heph.Astr.2.28
, cf. 33. Adv. - ρως, ἔχειν Plu.Cim.13
.3 of contracts, transactions, suits, etc., in suspense, pending,δικαστήριον τὸ διαλῦσον τὰ μ. συμβόλαια Supp.Epigr.1.363.9
(Samos, iii B.C.);μ. οἰκονομίαι POxy.238.1
(i A.D.), cf.PFay.116.12 (ii A.D.); ; μετέωρα, τά, unfinished business, PRyl.144.10 (i A.D.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > μετέωρος
-
4 σκέλος
A leg from the hip downwards, only once in Hom., πρυμνὸν σκέλος the ham or buttock, Il.16.314;κάμηλος ἐν τοῖσι ὀπισθίοισι σ. ἔχει τέσσερας μηροὺς καὶ γούνατα τέσσερα Hdt.3.103
, cf. 7.61,88; , cf. Arist.HA 494a4; of dancers, τὸ σ. ῥίψαντες, αἴρειν, Ar. Pax 332, Ec. 265;σ. οὐράνιον ἐκλακτίζων Id.V. 1492
, cf. 1526; οὐρανῷ σκέλη προφαίνων, of one thrown head foremost, S.El. 753; βαδιοῦνται ἐπὶ δυοῖν σκελοῖν, ἐφ' ἑνὸς πορεύσονται σκέλους, Pl.Smp. 190d; ὁ δεινός, ὁ ταλαύρινος, ὁ κατὰ τοῖν σκελοῖν he with the legs, the strider, Ar. Pax 241 (but expld. by Sch. ἀπὸ τῶν διὰ δειλίαν ἀποτιλώντων, cf. Men. Per.18); dual, ,al., cf. Luc.Tim.26, Anach. 1; σκέλε (i.e. prob. σκέλει)δύο IG22.1388.24
, cf. 1502.5; but σκέλη (pl.) δύο in [dialect] Att. Inscrr. from 390 B.C., ib.1425.15, cf. 57, etc.; and soτὰ σ. Luc.Ind.9
: sg., leg of sacrificial victim, IG12.190.32, al.,42(1).40.10 (Epid., v B.C.).2 as a military phrase, ἐπὶ σκέλος πάλιν χωρεῖν, ἀνάγειν, retreat with the face towards the enemy, retire leisurely, E.Ph. 1400, Ar.Av. 383; cf.πούς 1.6b
.3 κατὰ σκέλος βαδίζειν, of the lion and the camel, with the hind foot following the fore on the same side (not crosswise), Arist.HA 498b7, cf. 629b14.4 παρὰ σκέλος ἀπαντᾷ it meets one across, i.e. crosses one's path, thwarts one, Arr.Epict.2.12.2 (v.l. π. μέλος).II metaph., τὰ σ. the legs, i.e. the two long walls connecting Athens with Piraeus, Str.9.1.15, Plu.Cim.13; τὰ μακρὰ ς. D.S.13.107, Plu.Lys.14; of the long walls between Megara and Nisaea, τὰ Μεγαρικὰ ς. Ar.Lys. 1170; between Corinth and Lechaeum, Str.8.6.22.b side-wall of a temple, SIG 247 K1 iii 3, 11 (Delph., iv B.C.); of other structures, PPetr.3p.88 (iii B.C.), etc.3 tails of a surgical bandage, Heliod. ap. Orib.48.20.5; of the ends of the Persian head-dress, Plu.2.820d. -
5 συμπίπτω
Aσυμπίπτεσκον Emp.59
:—fall together, meet violently, of winds,σὺν δ' Εὖρός τε Νότος τ' ἔπεσον Od.5.295
; of two champions beginning to fight, fall to, fight hand to hand,σύν ῥ' ἔπεσον Il.7.256
, 21.387; opp. distant fighting, , cf. 5.112, Pi.I.4(3).51(69), Luc.Tox.36; ἐς νείκεα ς. Hdt.3.120, 9.55; of a hound,σὺν δὲ πεσών PCair.Zen.532.7
(iii B.C.): c. dat. pers.,ξυμπεσὼν μόνος μόνοις S.Aj. 467
;εἰς ἀγῶνα τῷδε συμπεσών Id.Tr.20
;σ. πολεμίοις X.Cyr.2.1.11
;εἰς μάχην θηρίῳ D.S.3.35
;ἀντίοι σ. τοῖς ὑποζυγίοις Plb.3.51.5
; of ships, λάβρῳ κλύδωνι ς. E.IT 1393;ξυμπεσούσης νηΐ νεώς Th.7.63
;ξ. πρὸς ἀλλήλας τὰς ναῦς Id.2.84
.2 generally, fall in with, meet with, esp. with accidents or misfortunes, c. dat. rei,ἀσιτίῃσι Hdt.3.52
; ;κακοῖς τοιοῖσδε Id.Aj. 429
; but simply, fall in with, meet, τινι UPZ62.10 (ii B.C.), PTeb.58.56 (ii B.C.).II of accidents, ailments, symptoms, events, fall upon, happen to, (lyr.);ἐάν ποτέ σοι σ. καιρός Isoc.1.32
;εὐπαιδίας τυχεῖν ἅμα καὶ πολυπαιδίας.. καὶ τοῦτ' αὐτῷ συνέπεσεν Id.9.72
; ἀσθένεια, νοσήματα σ. τινί, Pl.Ti. 17a, 82c; συμπίπτει τοῖσι πλείστοισι τοιάδε· ἐρυθήματα προσώπου κτλ. Hp.Acut. (Sp.) 6;πάθη D.26.18
;ἡμῖν σ. πρὸς ἡμᾶς αὐτοὺς φιλία Pl.Lg. 698c
;σ. τι ἔς τινας Hdt.7.137
.2 abs., happen, occur,τῆς αὐτῆς ἡμέρης συμπιπτούσης τοῦ τε ἐν Πλαταιῇσι καὶ τοῦ ἐν Μυκάλῃ.. τρώματος Id.9.100
;τοιούτων καιρῶν συμπεσόντων Lys.19.24
;τῶν κακῶν τῶν σ. Philem.101
.[4]; of heavenly bodies, coincide, Vett.Val.190.9 (sed leg. συνεμπέσῃ).3 c. part., like τυγχάνω, καὶ τόδε ἕτερον συνέπεσε γενόμενον Hdt.9.101;συνεπεπτώκεε ἔρις ἐοῦσα Id.1.82
;Ἀρισταγόρῃ συνέπιπτε τοῦ αὐτοῦ Χρόνου πάντα ταῦτα συνελθόντα Id.5.36
; but part. is sts. omitted, ἐὰν ἴσοι συμπέσωσιν (sc. ὄντες) Arist.Pol. 1318a39.4 freq. impers. or with neut. pron., it happens, comes to pass, folld. by inf.,τόδε σφι ὧδε συμπέπτωκε γίνεσθαι Hdt.1.139
; by ὥστε c. inf., Id.8.15, 132, 141; ξυνέπεσεν ἐς τοῦτο ἀνάγκης ὥστε .. matters came to such a pass that.., Th.1.49: or c. acc. et inf., συνέπιπτε [ αὐτὸν]ἀπῖχθαι Hdt.5.35
, cf. Th.4.68, etc.;πρὸ ρκ' ἐτῶν συνέπεσε κατ' αὐτὰς τὰς Χειμερινὰς τροπὰς ἄγεσθαι τὰ Ἴσια Gem.8.21
: c. dat. et inf.,ὅσαις ἂν.. συμπέσῃ ἐμέσαι Arist.HA 588a1
;ὅταν ἀτυχεῖν σοι συμπέσῃ τι Philippid.18
; (Tegea, iv B.C.): abs., ἀπὸ ταὐτομάτου, ἀπὸ τύχης, διὰ τύχην ς., Arist.Cael. 289b22, Rh. 1385b2, Pol. 1270b20; τὰ συμπίπτοντα one's lot or fortune, E.Fr. 572, cf. lsoc.2.35;πρὸς τὸ συμπῖπτον ἀεὶ διατάττων X.Cyr.8.5.16
; τὸ συμπεσόν the incident, Arist.Pol. 1284a32;καθάπερ ἐν κατάρροις ἐνίοτε συμπίπτει Gal.16.527
, cf. 18(2).185, al.III coincide, agree or be in accordance with,σ. τούτοισι τόνδε τὸν λόγον Hdt. 7.151
; ὥστε σ. τὸ πάθος τῷ χρηστηρίῳ turned out in accordance with it, Id.6.18: abs., agree by chance, Id.2.49; εἰς ταὐτὸν ς. agree in one, Pl. Tht. 160d, R. 473d, etc.; ἐμοὶ σὺ συμπέπτωκας ἐς ταὐτὸν λόγου have come to exactly the same point with me, E.Tr. 1036.IV fall together, i.e. fall in, esp. of a house,συμπίπτει στέγη Id.HF 905
;πόλις ὑπὸ σεισμοῦ ξυμπεπτωκυῖα Th.8.41
;οἰκία σ. X.An.5.2.24
; φοβουμένη μὴ συμπέσῃ [ τὸ ἰσιεῖον] PEnteux.6.3 (iii B.C.); esp. of the vessels of the body, fall in, collapse, Hp.Off.13, Sor.1.16, al.;οἱ κρόταφοι συμπίπτουσι Gal.18(2).29
; μυκτῆρες συμπεπτωκότες, opp. ἀναπεπταμένοι, X.Eq.1.10; σῶμα συμπεσόν a frame fallen in or emaciated, Pl.Phd. 80c; ὀφθαλμοὶ ς. Arist.HA 561a21;αἱ κοιλίαι σ. τοῦ νέφους Id.Pr. 940b31
, al.; of plant-structures, Thphr.CP1.4.4; collapse, of animals, PSI6.584.25 (iii B.C.); of the heart, contract, Ruf.Syn.Puls.3.6; συνέπεσε τῷ προσώπῳ his face fell, LXX Ge.4.5; τὸ πρόσωπον συνέπεσεν ib.1 Ki.1.18; - πέπτωκα τῇ καρδίᾳ ἀπὸ μερίμνης ib.1 Ma.6.10.2 σταφυλὴ λευκὴ συμπεπτωκυῖα dried grapes, Aët.9.30; πάντα δεδομένα κρέα συμπεπτωκότα ἔστω μέχρι δυοῖν ἡμερῶν hung, ibid.V fall together, fall into the same line, σ. ἐπ' ἀλλήλων ὑπὸ στενοχωρίας impinge one on another, Pl.Tht. 195a; converge, meet,τὸ τὰς παραλλήλους σ. οἴεσθαι Arist.APo. 77b23
, cf. Euc.1Def.23, Archim.Spir.20, al.; οἱ πόροι παρ' ἀλλήλους εἰσὶ καὶ οὐ ς. Arist.HA 495a15; of the sides of a triangle, Plb.2.14.5; of a river,σ. τῷ Κηφισῷ Plu.Sull.16
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > συμπίπτω
-
6 πύργος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `tower, wall-tower', also the fortification wall itself (Il.), metaph. `closed division of warriors, column' (Il.), `siege-tower' (X.), `farm-building', (LXX, pap., NT; lit. in Bauer Gr.-dt. Wb. s.v.).Compounds: Compp., e.g. πυργο-δάϊκτος `destroying towers' (A. Pers. 105 [lyr.]; prop. `with destroyed towers'? Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 82; s. also E. Williger Sprachl. Unt. zu den Kompp. der gr. Dicht. des V.Jh.s [Göttingen 1928] 45 n. 1), εὔ-πυργος `with fair towers, well-towered' (Η 71 a.o.).Derivatives: 1. Dimin. πυργ-ίον, - ίδιον, - ίς, - ίσκος, - ίσκιον, - ισκάριον (mostly hell. a. late); 2. - ωμα, mostly pl. - ώματα n. `tower structures' (Orac. ap. Hdt., A., E.); 3. πυργιτρον n. form a. meaning unclear (pap.VIp); 4. πυργ-ίτης n. `kind of sparrow' (Gal. a.o.; s. Redard 84 and on σποργίλος); - ῖτις βοτάνη H. 5. Adj. πύργ-ινος `consisting of towers' (A. in lyr.), - ειος `tower-like' (Ion., trag.), - ώδης `id.' (S.), - ῶτις `towered' (A. in lyr.; f. on *-ώτης, Redard 8); - ήρης `provided with towers, enclosed within towers or walls' (Orac. ap. Paus.) with - ηρέομαι `to be enclosed within towers or walls, to be besieged' (A., E.). 6. Adv. - ηδόν `columnwise' (Il.), `towerwise' (Aret.). 7. Verb πυργ-ῶσαι, - όω `to fence with towers, to pile up' (λ 264) with - ωτός `piled up' (Str. a.o.). 8. Πυργ-αλίδαι m. pl. n. of a guild in Kameiros (inscr.); after Τανταλ-ίδαι?Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Building technical expression; because of the striking similarity with NHG Burg, Goth. baurgs `town, tower' by Kretschmer Glotta 22, 100ff. taken as German. LW [loanword] through Northbalkan. (Macedon. ?) mediation. By others taken as Pre-Greek (Pelasgian as a form of Indo-European can now be forgotten. s. Furnée 40-55; s. Heubeck Praegraeca 63ff. w. further lit. In the same way is considered Πέργαμος, - ον, -α `the citadel (of Troy)', also PlN, to NHG Berg, Hitt. parkuš `high' etc.), s. Heubeck l.c. (Pok. 140f.), where also on the H.-glosses φύρκος τεῖχος and φ\<ο\> ύρκορ ὀχύρωμα (on this also Pisani Rev. int. ét. balk. 3, 22 n. 1); there is also a stronghold in Elis called Πύργος (Hdt. 4, 148, Str.) and a Φύρκος (Th. 5,49) -- On Lat. burgus (from Germ. or only influenced by it?) W.-Hofmann s.v. with Nachträgen. -- The forms with φυρκ- show well-known Pre-Greek alternations. To Asia Minor may point Urart. burgana `palace'. As to Περγαμον, the suffix - αμο- is Pre-Greek (cf. κάρδαμον). (Its non-IE character is confirmed by the place names Περγασα\/ Παργασα\/ Βαργασα, Furnée 64 n. 268, cf. on πάγασα) So the word is a normal Pre-Greek word.Page in Frisk: 2,629-630Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πύργος
-
7 κατάλυμα
κατάλυμα, ατος, τό (Polyb. 2, 36, 1; 32, 19, 2; Diod S 14, 93, 5; IG V/1, 869; SIG 609, 1; UPZ 120, 5 [II B.C.] al. in pap; LXX; TestLevi 3:4 v.l.; s. B-D-F §109, 2; Rob. 151) lodging place. The sense inn is possible in Lk 2:7, but in 10:34 Lk uses πανδοχεῖον, the more specific term for inn. κ. is therefore best understood here as lodging (PSI 341, 8 [256 B.C.]; EpArist 181) or guest-room, as in 22:11; Mk 14:14, where the contexts also permit the sense dining-room (cp. 1 Km 1:18; 9:22; Sir 14:25). In further favor of this rendering is the contrast between two quarters: a φάτνη and a κατάλυμα. The latter could be a space in various types of structures. Cp. also the use of the cognate καταλύω (s. κ.4) Lk 19:7 in ref. to hospitality.—PBenoit, BRigaux Festschr., ’70, 173–86 (Lk 2:7); EPax, Bibel und Leben 6, ’65, 285–98. DELG s.v. λύω. M-M. TW. -
8 κλείω
κλείω fut. κλείσω Rv 3:7; 1 aor. ἔκλεισα; pf. 3 pl. κεκλείκασιν 1 Km 23:20; aor. mid. impv. κλεῖσαι (ApcMos 12). Pass.: 1 aor. ἐκλείσθην; pf. κέκλεισμαι, 3 pl. κέκλεινται Sus 20 Theod., ptc. κεκλεισμένος (s. κλεῖς; Hom. et al.; ins, pap, LXX, JosAs, GrBar, Joseph.)① to prevent passage at an opening, shut, lock, barⓐ lit. τὴν θύραν (Aristophon Com. [IV B.C.] 7 ed. Kock II p. 278; Herodas 6, 98; Epict. 3, 22, 14; 2 Ch 28:24; JosAs 5:9) Mt 6:6; Rv 3:8. Pass. (Menand., Epitr. 1076 S. [718 Kö.]; Jos., Ant. 18, 74; cp. X., Cyr. 7, 5, 27; JosAs 10:6; 14:5; GrBar 17:1; Did., Gen. 192, 4) Mt 25:10; Lk 11:7; J 20:19, 26; Ac 21:30. οἱ πυλῶνες the gates (of the heavenly Jerusalem; cp. Is 60:11) Rv 21:25.—Of structures close, lock (BGU 1116, 15 [13 B.C.]; Is 24:10) κ. τὴν σκηνήν close the tabernacle 1 Cl 43:3. Pass. δεσμωτήριον … κεκλεισμένον Ac 5:23. Shut (someone) in [Παῦλος ἐ]κ[έ]κλιστο AcPl Ha 2, 6; [οἱ κ]εκλισμένοι 3, 19.—Abs. shut (Jos., Vi. 153) Rv 3:7ab (cp. Is 22:22 v.l.); 20:3.ⓑ fig. κ. τὸν οὐρανόν shut the heavens, so that it does not rain Rv 11:6; pass. Lk 4:25. In a vision ἐκλείσθησαν οἱ οὐρανοί the heavens were closed Hv 1, 2, 1. κ. τὴν βασιλείαν τῶν οὐρανῶν shut the kingdom of heaven i.e. prevent people fr. entering it Mt 23:13 (MBlack, An Aramaic Approach3, ’67, 259–61 [Sin. Syriac]).② κ. τὰ σπλάγχνα ἀπό τινος close one’s heart against someone, an idiom 1J 3:17 (cp. a sim. figure στόμα κεκλεισμένον Sir 30:18).—B. 847f. DELG s.v. κλείς. M-M. -
9 πίπτω
πίπτω (Hom.+) impf. ἔπιπτον; fut. πεσοῦμαι (B-D-F §77; Rob. 356); 2 aor. ἔπεσον and ἔπεσα (B-D-F §81, 3; W-S. §13, 13; Mlt-H. 208; W-H., app. p. 164; Tdf., Prol. p. 123); pf. 2 sg. πέπτωκας Rv 2:5 (πέπτωκες v.l.; B-D-F §83, 2; W-S. §13, 16; Mlt-H 221), 3 pl. πέπτωκαν Rv 18:3 v.l. (W-S. §13, 15; Mlt-H. 221)① to move w. relative rapidity in a downward direction, fall, the passive of the idea conveyed in βάλλω.ⓐ fall (down) from a higher point, w. the ‘point from which’ designated by ἀπό (Hom. et al.) ἀπὸ τῆς τραπέζης from the table Mt 15:27; Lk 16:21. ἀπὸ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ Mt 24:29. ἀπὸ τῆς κεφαλῆς Ac 27:34 v.l. (of the falling out of hair, as Synes., Calvit. 1, p. 63b). The direction or destination of the fall is expressed by an adv. ἀπὸ τοῦ τριστέγου κάτω down from the third story Ac 20:9. ἀπὸ τοῦ κεράμου χαμαί from the roof to the ground Hm 11:20. ἔκ τινος from someth.: ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ (Sallust. 4 p. 8, 19; Job 1:16; 3 Km 18:38.—SibOr 5, 72 ἐξ ἄστρων) Mk 13:25; of lightning (Ps.-Plut., Vi. Hom. 111 εἰ ἐκπίπτοι ἡ ἀστράπη; Ps.-Clem., Hom. 9, 5; 6) Lk 10:18 (Lycophron, vs. 363 of the image of Athena ἐξ οὐρανοῦ πεσοῦσα. Cp. σατάν; be thrown is also possible here); Rv 8:10a; the destination is added ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ εἰς τὴν γῆν 9:1 (Ps.-Callisth. 2, 10, 10 ἐξ οὐρανοῦ εἰς τὸ ἔδαφος πεπτωκότες). W. only the destination given ἐν μέσῳ τῶν ἀκανθῶν among the thorns Lk 8:7. ἐπί τι on someth. Rv 8:10b. ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν (Aeschyl., Ag. 1019; Am 3:5; JosAs 16:16) Mt 10:29 (with the patristic v.l. εἰς παγίδα cp. Am 3:5 and Aesop, Fab. 193 P.=340 H./284 Ch./207 H-H. of a bird: ἐμπίπτειν εἰς τοὺς βρόχους); 13:8; Hm 11:21 (here the ‘place from which’ is designated by an adv.: ἄνωθεν).—ἐπὶ τὰ πετρώδη Mt 13:5; cp. Mk 4:5 (ἐπί 4bγ). ἐπὶ τὰς ἀκάνθας Mt 13:7 (ἐπί 4bδ). A pers. falls down ἐπὶ τὸν λίθον on the stone Mt 21:44a; Lk 20:18a. Conversely the stone falls on a pers. Mt 21:44b; Lk 20:18b. Likew. ἐπί τινα 23:30; Rv 6:16 (cp. on both Hos 10:8).—In imagery ὁ ἥλιος π. ἐπί τινα the (heat of the) sun falls upon someone Rv 7:16 (Maximus Tyr. 4, 1a ἡλίου φῶς πίπτον εἰς γῆν; Alex. Aphr., An. Mant. p. 146, 9 Br. τὸ φῶς ἐπὶ πάντα πίπτει). ὁ κλῆρος π. ἐπί τινα (κλῆρος 1) Ac 1:26. come (upon) ἐπί τινα someone ἀχλὺς καὶ σκότος Ac 13:11. Rv 11:11 v.l. (φόβος 2a).—εἴς τι (Hes., Op. 620) εἰς τὴν γῆν (Phlegon: 257 Fgm. 36, 1, 5 Jac. πίπτειν εἰς τὴν γῆν) Mk 4:8; Lk 8:8; J 12:24; Rv 6:13; 1 Cl 24:5. εἰς τὴν ὁδόν Hv 3, 7, 1. εἰς βόθυνον Mt 15:14; cp. Lk 14:5. εἰς τὰς ἀκάνθας Mk 4:7; Lk 8:14. εἰς τὸ πῦρ Hv 3, 7, 2. παρά τι on someth. παρὰ τὴν ὁδόν (Iambl. Erot. p. 222, 22) Mt 13:4; Mk 4:4; Lk 8:5. ἐγγύς τινος near someth. ἐγγὺς (τῶν) ὑδάτων Hv 3, 2, 9; 3, 7, 3.ⓑ of someth. that, until recently, has been standing (upright) fall (down), fall to piecesα. of personsא. fall to the ground, fall down (violently) εἰς τὸ πῦρ καὶ εἰς τὸ ὕδωρ Mt 17:15 (but HZimmern, Die Keilinschriften u. d. AT3 1903, 366; 363f, and JWeiss ad loc. take the falling into fire and water to mean fever and chills). ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς (SibOr 4, 110; 5, 100) Mk 9:20 (π. under the infl. of a hostile spirit; sim. Jos., Ant. 8, 47). ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν (SibOr 4, 110 v.l.) Ac 9:4; cp. 22:7 (s. ἔδαφος). χαμαί (Job 1:20; Philo, Agr. 74) J 18:6. ἔπεσα πρὸς τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ ὡς νεκρός Rv 1:17.—Abs. fall down GPt 5:18 v.l. Fall dead (Paradox. Vat. 37 Keller πίπτει; Mel., P. 26, 184 πρηνὴς δὲ ἔπιπτε σιγῶν) Ac 5:5, 10; 1 Cor 10:8 (cp. Ex 32:28); Hb 3:17 (Num 14:29). Specifically fall in battle (Ael. Aristid. 46 p. 233 D.; Appian, Hann. 56 §236; Jos., Vi. 341; 354) Lk 21:24 (cp. στόμα 4 and Sir 28:18; 4 [6] Esdr [POxy 1010, 3–11 σὺ ἐν ῥομφαίᾳ πεσῇ … πεσοῦνται ἐν μαχαίρῃ]).ב. fall down, throw oneself to the ground as a sign of devotion or humility, before high-ranking persons or divine beings, esp. when one approaches w. a petition (LXX; TestAbr A 18 p. 100, 29 [Stone p. 48]; JosAs 14:4; ApcSed 14:2), abs. Mt 2:11; 4:9; 18:26, 29; Rv 5:14; 19:4; 22:8 (in all these places [except Mt 18:29] π. is closely connected w. προσκυνεῖν [as Jos., Ant. 10, 213 after Da 3:5 and ApcMos 27]. Sim. in many of the places already mentioned). W. var. words added (Jos., Ant. 10, 11 πεσὼν ἐπὶ πρόσωπον τ. θεὸν ἱκέτευε; Gen 17:3, 17; Num 14:5) ἐπὶ πρόσωπον (αὐτοῦ, αὐτῶν) Mt 17:6; 26:39; Lk 5:12; 17:16 (ἐπὶ πρόσωπον παρὰ τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ); 1 Cor 14:25; ἐπὶ τὰ πρόσωπα αὐτῶν Rv 7:11; 11:16; ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς Mk 14:35. Further, the one to whom devotion is given can be added in var. ways: ἐνώπιόν τινος (cp. 2 Km 3:34) Rv 4:10; 5:8; 7:11. ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ποδῶν τινος 19:10. εἰς τοὺς πόδας τινός (Diog. L. 2, 79) Mt 18:29 v.l.; J 11:32 v.l. ἐπὶ τοὺς πόδας Ac 10:25 (v.l. adds αὐτοῦ). παρὰ τοὺς πόδας τινός Lk 8:41; 17:16 (s. above). πρὸς τοὺς πόδας τινός Mk 5:22; J 11:32; Ac 10:25 D; Hv 3, 2, 3.β. of things, esp. structures fall, fall to pieces, collapse, go down (Appian, Iber. 54 §228; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 192, Ant. 16, 18) of the σκηνὴ Δαυίδ (σκηνή end) Ac 15:16 (Am 9:11). Of a house fall (in) (Diod S 11, 63, 2 τῶν οἰκιῶν πιπτουσῶν; Dio Chrys. 6, 61; 30 [47], 25; Aristeas Hist.: 725 Fgm. 1, 3 Jac. [in Eus., PE 9, 25, 3]; Job 1:19) Mt 7:25, 27; Lk 6:49 v.l. (Diod S 15, 12, 2 τῶν οἰκιῶν πιπτουσῶν because of the influx of the ποταμός). τὰ τείχη Ἰεριχὼ ἔπεσαν Hb 11:30 (cp. Josh 6:5, 20.—Appian, Bell. Civ. 1, 112 §524; Ael. Aristid. 25, 42 K.=43 p. 813 D.: τὰ τείχη π.). ἐφʼ οὓς ἔπεσεν ὁ πύργος upon whom the tower fell Lk 13:4 (of a πύργος X., Hell. 5, 2, 5; Arrian, Anab. 6, 7, 5; Polyaenus 6, 50; Jos., Bell. 5, 292; SibOr 11, 12.—π. ἐπί τινα Job 1:19). οἶκος ἐπὶ οἶκον πίπτει house falls upon house 11:17 (Jülicher, Gleichn. 221f). Of a city (Oenomaus in Eus., PE 5, 25, 6) Ox 1, 18f (=GTh 32); cp. Rv 11:13; 16:19.—Fig. become invalid, come to an end, fail (Pla., Euthyphr. 14d; Philostrat., Ep. 9) Lk 16:17 (cp. Josh 23:14 v.l.; Ruth 3:18); 1 Cor 13:8.② to experience loss of status or condition, fall, be destroyed, in ext. sense of 1.ⓐ fall, be destroyed ἔπεσεν, ἔπεσεν Βαβυλών (Β. as symbol of humans in opposition to God and God’s people; cp. Is 21:9; Jer 28:8.; Just., D. 49, 8.—Repetition of the verb for emphasis as Sappho, Fgm. 131 D.2 οὔκετι ἴξω … οὔκετι ἴξω [Campbell 114 p. 138: οὐκέτι ἤξω … οὐκέτι ἤξω]; Aristoph., Equ. 247; M. Ant. 5, 7; Ps.-Libanius, Char. Ep. p. 33, 5 ἐρῶ, ἐρῶ. This is to remove all possibility of doubt, as Theod. Prodr. 5, 66 εἶδον, εἶδον=‘I have really seen’; Theocr. 14, 24 ἔστι Λύκος, Λύκος ἐστί=it really is a wolf; in Rv w. focus on lamentation, s. reff. Schwyzer II 60) Rv 14:8; 18:2.ⓑ fall in a transcendent or moral sense, be completely ruined (Polyb. 1, 35, 5; Diod S 13, 37, 5; Pr 11:28; Sir 1:30; 2:7; TestGad 4:3)=fall from a state of grace Ro 11:11 (fig. w. πταίω [q.v. 1]), 22; Hb 4:11 (perh. w. ref. to the final judgment). Also in a less severe sense= go astray morally τοὺς πεπτωκότας ἔγειρον 1 Cl 59:4.—In wordplay ‘stand and fall’ (cp. Pr 24:16) Ro 14:4; 1 Cor 10:12; 2 Cl 2:6. μνημόνευε πόθεν πέπτωκες remember (the heights) from which you have fallen Rv 2:5.ⓒ ὑπὸ κρίσιν π. fall under condemnation Js 5:12 (on π. ὑπό τι cp. Diod S 4, 17, 5 π. ὑπʼ ἐξουσίαν [Just., D. 105, 4]; Herodian 1, 4, 2; 2 Km 22:39; Tat. 8, 2 ὑπὸ τὴν εἱμαρμένην; Hippol., Ref. 4, 3, 5 ὑπὸ τὴν ἐπίσκεψιν fall under scrutiny; Did., Gen. 211, 5 ὑπὸ κατάραν; Theoph. Ant. 2, 25 [p. 162, 12] ὑπὸ θάνατον).ⓓ π. … εἰς νόσον καὶ ἔσχατον κίνδυνον in sickness and extreme peril AcPl Ha 4, 15.ⓔ fall, perish (Philo, Aet. M. 128) πίπτοντος τοῦ Ἰσραήλ B 12:5. οἱ πέντε ἔπεσαν five have perished, disappeared, passed from the scene Rv 17:10 (cp. also π.=‘die’ Job 14:10).—B. 671. DELG. M-M. TW. Spicq. -
10 σκηνή
σκηνή, ῆς, ἡ (Trag., X., Pla.+; ins, pap, LXX, TestAbr A; TestJud 25:2; ApcMos, Philo, Joseph., Just.; Tat. 22, 2; Orig., C. Cels. 7, 6, 16)① a place of shelter, freq. of temporary quarters in contrast to fixed abodes of solid construction, tent, hutⓐ gener. lodging, dwelling, of the tents of nomads (Gen 4:20; 12:8; TestAbr A 1 p. 77, 4 [Stone p. 2].—Dalman, Arbeit VI ’39) Hb 11:9. Of a soldier’s tent σκηνὴν πηγνύναι pitch a tent (πήγνυμι 2) GPt 8:33. Of Joseph in the desert ἔπηξεν τὴν σκηνὴν αὐτοῦ ἐκεῖ GJs 1:4. δίαιτα τῆς σκηνῆς (s. δίαιτα 2) 1 Cl 56:13 (Job 5:24). τρεῖς σκηναί three huts (of temporary structures made from brush) in the account of the Transfiguration (w. ποιεῖν as Jos., Ant. 3, 79= pitch tents) Mt 17:4; Mk 9:5 (RStein, JBL 95, ’76, 79–86); Lk 9:33 (s. σκηνοπηγία and lit. s.v. μεταμορφόω 1; esp. ELohmeyer, ZNW 21, 1922, 191ff; HRiesenfeld, Jésus transfiguré ’47, 146–205; HBaltensweiler, Die Verklärung Jesu ’59; WSchmithals, ZTK 69, ’72, 379–411).—Metaph. ἡ σκηνὴ Δαυὶδ ἡ πεπτωκυῖα David’s fallen dwelling of his ruined kingdom Ac 15:16 (Am 9:11). Here σκηνή may perh. mean king’s tent (Diod S 17, 36, 4. More precisely 5 ἡ τοῦ Δαρείου σκηνή; 17, 76, 6 ἡ βασιλικὴ σκηνή): David’s fallen royal tent.ⓑ of a movable cultic tentα. Yahweh’s tabernacle ἡ σκηνὴ τοῦ μαρτυρίου the Tabernacle or Tent of Testimony (Ex 27:21; 29:4; Lev 1:1; Num 1:1 and oft.; ViHab 13 [p. 87, 4 Sch.]; Just., D. 36, 2 al.) Ac 7:44; 1 Cl 43:2, 5. Also simply ἡ σκηνή (LXX; Jos., Ant. 20, 228; Just., D. 127, 3; s. Iren. 1, 18, 2 [Harv. I 171, 15]) Hb 8:5; 9:21; 1 Cl 43:3. οἱ τῇ σκ. λατρεύοντες Hb 13:10 (s. θυσιαστήριον 1dγ and OHoltzmann, ZNW 10, 1909, 251–60). σκηνὴ ἡ πρώτη the outer tent, i.e. the Holy Place 9:2; cp. vss. 6, 8 (πρῶτος 1c; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 12 has ἡ πρώτη σκηνή of the tabernacle in contrast to Solomon’s temple). Hence σκηνὴ ἡ λεγομένη Ἅγια Ἁγίων the Tabernacle or Tent that is called the Holy of Holies vs. 3, ἡ δευτέρα (σκηνή) vs. 7.β. Moloch’s tabernacle ἡ σκηνὴ τοῦ Μολόχ of this deity’s portable sanctuary (cp. ἡ ἱερὰ σκηνή of the Carthaginians in Diod S 20, 65, 1) Ac 7:43 (Am 5:26), s. Μόλοχ.② transcendent celestial tent, tent, dwelling metaph. ext. of 1. The earthly Tabernacle (s. RKittel, RE XIX 33–42 and GBarton, JBL 57, ’38, 197–201) corresponds in Hb to another σκηνή: Christ as High Priest, taking his own blood (rather than that of goats and calves), goes διὰ τῆς μείζονος καὶ τελειοτέρας σκηνῆς ἐφάπαξ εἰς τὰ ἅγια 9:11f. He is τῶν ἁγίων λειτουργὸς καὶ τῆς σκηνῆς τῆς ἀληθινῆς 8:2. Rv 15:5 speaks of a ναὸς τῆς σκηνῆς τοῦ μαρτυρίου ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ. God’s σκ.= dwelling is in heaven 13:6, and will some time be among humans 21:3. αἱ αἰώνιοι σκηναί the eternal dwellings of the life to come Lk 16:9 (TestAbr A 20 p. 104, 2 [Stone p. 56] αἱ σκηναὶ τῶν δικαίων; s. RPautrel, ‘Aeterna tabernacula’ [Lk 16:9]: RSR 30, ’40, 307–27; LEby, JBL 58, ’39, p. xi).—OScherling, De Vocis σκηνή Significatione et Usu, diss. Marburg 1908; HBornhäuser, Sukka ’35, 126–28: Σκηνή u. verwandte Worte im NT.—B. 461. DELG. OEANE V 179–81. M-M. EDNT. TW.
См. также в других словарях:
structures — index premises (buildings) Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
Structures creees ou co-creees par l'UNEF — Structures créées ou co créées par l UNEF Sommaire 1 Structures de santé 2 Structures sociales 3 Structures d insertion, d orientation et d études 4 Structures interna … Wikipédia en Français
Structures cristallines des hydroxydes, oxy-hydroxydes et oxydes de fer — Les composés oxygénés de fer divalent ou trivalent sont très répandus dans la nature. Ce sont des matériaux extrêmement importants pour de nombreuses industries, du fait de leur non toxicité et de leur bas coût de production : pigments… … Wikipédia en Français
Structures cristallines des hydroxydes oxy-hydroxydes et oxydes de fer — Structures cristallines des hydroxydes, oxy hydroxydes et oxydes de fer Les composés oxygénés de fer divalent ou trivalent sont très répandus dans la nature. Ce sont des matériaux extrêmement importants pour de nombreuses industries, du fait de… … Wikipédia en Français
Structures cristallines des oxydes, oxy-hydroxydes et oxydes de fer — Structures cristallines des hydroxydes, oxy hydroxydes et oxydes de fer Les composés oxygénés de fer divalent ou trivalent sont très répandus dans la nature. Ce sont des matériaux extrêmement importants pour de nombreuses industries, du fait de… … Wikipédia en Français
Structures cristallines des oxydes de fer — Structures cristallines des hydroxydes, oxy hydroxydes et oxydes de fer Les composés oxygénés de fer divalent ou trivalent sont très répandus dans la nature. Ce sont des matériaux extrêmement importants pour de nombreuses industries, du fait de… … Wikipédia en Français
Structures cristallines des oxydes et hydroxydes de fer — Structures cristallines des hydroxydes, oxy hydroxydes et oxydes de fer Les composés oxygénés de fer divalent ou trivalent sont très répandus dans la nature. Ce sont des matériaux extrêmement importants pour de nombreuses industries, du fait de… … Wikipédia en Français
Structures créées ou co-créées par l'UNEF — Sommaire 1 Structures de santé 2 Structures sociales 3 Structures d insertion, d orientation et d études 4 Structures interna … Wikipédia en Français
Structures créées ou co-créées par l'unef — Sommaire 1 Structures de santé 2 Structures sociales 3 Structures d insertion, d orientation et d études 4 Structures interna … Wikipédia en Français
Structures (Boulez) — Structures I (1952) and Structures II (1961) are two related works for two pianos, composed by the French composer Pierre Boulez.The first book of Structures was begun in early 1951, as Boulez was completing his orchestral work Polyphonie X , and … Wikipedia
Structures metalliques — Structures métalliques Les structures métalliques regroupent l ensemble des disciplines visant à utiliser toutes formes de métaux quels que soient les métaux et quelle que soit leur forme. Il s agit ici de transformer la matière première… … Wikipédia en Français