race

* * *

* * *

aurīgo, āvi, ātum, 1 ( aurīgor, āri, v. dep., Varr. ap. Non. p. 70, 17), v. n. [auriga], to be a charioteer or a contender in the chariot-race, to drive a chariot, to contend in the chariot-race.

Lit. (post-Aug.;

most freq. in Suet.),

Plin. 33, 5, 27, § 90; Suet. Calig. 54; id. Ner. 24; 4; 22; 53; id. Calig. 18; id. Vit. 4; 17.—

Trop., to rule, direct:

quo natura aurigatur non necessitudo, Varr. ap. Non. l. l.: si (homines) nihil suā sponte faciunt, sed ducentibus stellis et aurigantibus,

Gell. 14, 1, 23.

calx, calcis, f. (m., Pers. 3, 105 dub.; Sil. 7, 696; cf. App. M. 7, p. 483 Oud.; Pers. 3, 105; Grat. Cyn. 278. Whether Lucil. ap. Charis, p. 72 P. belongs here or to 2. calx is undecided) [Sanscr. kar-, wound, kill; akin with lax, calcar, calceus], the heel.

Lit.:

calces deteris,

you tread on my heels, Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 111:

quod si ipsa animi vis In capite aut umeris aut imis calcibus esse Posset,

Lucr. 3, 792; 5, 136: incursare pug nis, calcibus, pux kai lax, Plaut. Poen. 4, 1, 3; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 53:

certare pugnis, calcibus, unguibus,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 27, 77:

uti pugnis et calcibus,

id. Sull. 25, 71:

concisus pugnis et calcibus,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 23, § 56:

subsellium calce premere,

Auct. Her. 4, 55, 68:

ferire pugno vel calce,

Quint. 2, 8, 13:

quadrupedemque citum ferratā (al. ferrato) calce fatigat,

Verg. A. 11, 714:

nudā calce vexare ilia equi,

Stat. S. 5, 2, 115; Sil. 7, 697; 13, 169; 17, 541:

nudis calcibus anguem premere,

Juv. 1, 43.—Also of the heels of animals, Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 8; Col. 8, 2, 8:

quadrupes calcibus auras Verberat,

Verg. A. 10, 892.—Hence, caedere calcibus, to kick, laktizô, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 71:

calce petere aliquem,

to kick, Hor. S. 2, 1, 55:

ferire,

Ov. F. 3, 755:

extundere frontem,

Phaedr. 1, 21, 9:

calces remittere,

to kick, Nep. Eum. 5, 5; so,

reicere,

Dig. 9, 1, 5:

aut dic aut accipe calcem,

take a kick, Juv. 3, 295 al. —

Prov.: adversus stimulum calces (sc. jactare, etc.) = laktizein pros kentron (Aesch Agam. 1624; Pind. Pyth. 2, 174;

W. T. Act. 9, 5),

to kick against the pricks, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 28 Don. and Ruhnk.; cf. Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 55, and s. v. calcitro: calcem impingere alicui rei, to abandon any occupation:

Anglice,

to hang a thing on the nail, Petr. 46.—

Meton. (pars pro toto), the foot, in gen.:

calcemque terit jam calce,

Verg. A. 5, 324 Serv. and Heyne. —

Transf. to similar things.

In architecture: calces scaporum, the foot of the pillars of a staircase; Fr. patin de l'échiffre, Vitr. 9, praef. § 8.—

Calx mali, the foot of the mast, Vitr. 10, 3, 5.—

In agriculture, the piece of wood cut off with a scion, Plin. 17, 21, 35, § 156.

calx, calcis, f. (m., Varr. ap. Non. p. 199, 24, and Cato, R. R. 18, 7; Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 86; dub. Cic. Tusc. 1, 8, 15; and id. Rep. Fragm. ap. Sen. Ep. 108 fin.; cf. Rudd. I. p. 37, n. 3; later collat. form calcis, is, f., Ven. Fort. Carm. 11, 11, 10) [chalix].

Liv.

A small stone used in gaming, a counter (less freq. than the dim. calculus, q. v.), Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 86; Lucil. ap. Prisc. p. 687 P.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 46 Müll.—

Limestone, lime, whether slaked or not, Lucr. 6, 1067; Cic. Mil. 27, 74:

viva,

unslaked, quicklime, Vitr. 8, 7:

coquere,

to burn lime, Cato, R. R. 16; Vitr. 2, 5, 1: exstincta, slaked, id. l. l.:

macerata,

id. 7, 2; Plin. 36, 23, 55, § 177:

harenatus,

mixed with sand, mortar, Cato, R. R. 18, 7:

materies ex calce et harenā mixta,

Vitr. 7, 3.— Since the goal or limit in the race-ground was designated by lime (as later by chalk, v. creta), calx signifies,

Trop., the goal, end, or limit in the race-course (anciently marked with lime or chalk; opp. carceres, the starting-point; mostly ante-Aug.;

esp. freq. in Cic.): supremae calcis spatium,

Lucr. 6, 92 Lachm.; Sen. Ep. 108, 32; Varr. ap. Non. p. 199, 24:

ad calcem pervenire,

Cic. Lael. 27, 101; so,

ad carceres a calce revocari,

i. e. to turn back from the end to the beginning, id. Sen. 23, 83:

nunc video calcem, ad quam (al. quem) cum sit decursum,

id. Tusc. 1, 8, 15: ab ipsā (al. ipso) calce revocati, id. Rep. Fragm. ap. Sen. l.l.; Quint. 8, 5, 30 dub.; v. Spald. N. cr. —

Prov., of speech:

extra calcem decurrere,

to digress from a theme, Amm. 21, 1, 14.—

In gen., the end, conclusion of a page, book, or writing (mostly post-class.):

si tamen in clausulā et calce pronuntietur sententia,

Quint. 8, 5, 30:

in calce epistulae,

Hier. Ep. 9; 26 fin.; 84 init.: in calce libri, id. Vit. St. Hil. fin.

calx, calcis, f. (m., Pers. 3, 105 dub.; Sil. 7, 696; cf. App. M. 7, p. 483 Oud.; Pers. 3, 105; Grat. Cyn. 278. Whether Lucil. ap. Charis, p. 72 P. belongs here or to 2. calx is undecided) [Sanscr. kar-, wound, kill; akin with lax, calcar, calceus], the heel.

Lit.:

calces deteris,

you tread on my heels, Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 111:

quod si ipsa animi vis In capite aut umeris aut imis calcibus esse Posset,

Lucr. 3, 792; 5, 136: incursare pug nis, calcibus, pux kai lax, Plaut. Poen. 4, 1, 3; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 53:

certare pugnis, calcibus, unguibus,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 27, 77:

uti pugnis et calcibus,

id. Sull. 25, 71:

concisus pugnis et calcibus,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 23, § 56:

subsellium calce premere,

Auct. Her. 4, 55, 68:

ferire pugno vel calce,

Quint. 2, 8, 13:

quadrupedemque citum ferratā (al. ferrato) calce fatigat,

Verg. A. 11, 714:

nudā calce vexare ilia equi,

Stat. S. 5, 2, 115; Sil. 7, 697; 13, 169; 17, 541:

nudis calcibus anguem premere,

Juv. 1, 43.—Also of the heels of animals, Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 8; Col. 8, 2, 8:

quadrupes calcibus auras Verberat,

Verg. A. 10, 892.—Hence, caedere calcibus, to kick, laktizô, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 71:

calce petere aliquem,

to kick, Hor. S. 2, 1, 55:

ferire,

Ov. F. 3, 755:

extundere frontem,

Phaedr. 1, 21, 9:

calces remittere,

to kick, Nep. Eum. 5, 5; so,

reicere,

Dig. 9, 1, 5:

aut dic aut accipe calcem,

take a kick, Juv. 3, 295 al. —

Prov.: adversus stimulum calces (sc. jactare, etc.) = laktizein pros kentron (Aesch Agam. 1624; Pind. Pyth. 2, 174;

W. T. Act. 9, 5),

to kick against the pricks, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 28 Don. and Ruhnk.; cf. Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 55, and s. v. calcitro: calcem impingere alicui rei, to abandon any occupation:

Anglice,

to hang a thing on the nail, Petr. 46.—

Meton. (pars pro toto), the foot, in gen.:

calcemque terit jam calce,

Verg. A. 5, 324 Serv. and Heyne. —

Transf. to similar things.

In architecture: calces scaporum, the foot of the pillars of a staircase; Fr. patin de l'échiffre, Vitr. 9, praef. § 8.—

Calx mali, the foot of the mast, Vitr. 10, 3, 5.—

In agriculture, the piece of wood cut off with a scion, Plin. 17, 21, 35, § 156.

calx, calcis, f. (m., Varr. ap. Non. p. 199, 24, and Cato, R. R. 18, 7; Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 86; dub. Cic. Tusc. 1, 8, 15; and id. Rep. Fragm. ap. Sen. Ep. 108 fin.; cf. Rudd. I. p. 37, n. 3; later collat. form calcis, is, f., Ven. Fort. Carm. 11, 11, 10) [chalix].

Liv.

A small stone used in gaming, a counter (less freq. than the dim. calculus, q. v.), Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 86; Lucil. ap. Prisc. p. 687 P.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 46 Müll.—

Limestone, lime, whether slaked or not, Lucr. 6, 1067; Cic. Mil. 27, 74:

viva,

unslaked, quicklime, Vitr. 8, 7:

coquere,

to burn lime, Cato, R. R. 16; Vitr. 2, 5, 1: exstincta, slaked, id. l. l.:

macerata,

id. 7, 2; Plin. 36, 23, 55, § 177:

harenatus,

mixed with sand, mortar, Cato, R. R. 18, 7:

materies ex calce et harenā mixta,

Vitr. 7, 3.— Since the goal or limit in the race-ground was designated by lime (as later by chalk, v. creta), calx signifies,

Trop., the goal, end, or limit in the race-course (anciently marked with lime or chalk; opp. carceres, the starting-point; mostly ante-Aug.;

esp. freq. in Cic.): supremae calcis spatium,

Lucr. 6, 92 Lachm.; Sen. Ep. 108, 32; Varr. ap. Non. p. 199, 24:

ad calcem pervenire,

Cic. Lael. 27, 101; so,

ad carceres a calce revocari,

i. e. to turn back from the end to the beginning, id. Sen. 23, 83:

nunc video calcem, ad quam (al. quem) cum sit decursum,

id. Tusc. 1, 8, 15: ab ipsā (al. ipso) calce revocati, id. Rep. Fragm. ap. Sen. l.l.; Quint. 8, 5, 30 dub.; v. Spald. N. cr. —

Prov., of speech:

extra calcem decurrere,

to digress from a theme, Amm. 21, 1, 14.—

In gen., the end, conclusion of a page, book, or writing (mostly post-class.):

si tamen in clausulā et calce pronuntietur sententia,

Quint. 8, 5, 30:

in calce epistulae,

Hier. Ep. 9; 26 fin.; 84 init.: in calce libri, id. Vit. St. Hil. fin.

cursor, ōris, m. [id.], a runner, and partic.,

A runner in a race, racer, Lucr. 2, 78; Cic. Tusc. 2, 23, 56; id. Div. 2, 70, 144; also a competitor in a chariot-race:

ut cupidi cursor frena retentat equi,

Ov. P. 3, 9, 26.—

A courier, post (mostly postAug.), Nep. Milt. 4, 3 (transl. of the Gr. hêmerodromos); Plin. 2, 71, 73, § 181; Plin. Ep. 7, 12 fin.; Suet. Ner. 49; Mart. 3, 100, 1 al.—

A slave who ran before the chariot of a grandee, a forerunner (post-Aug.), Sen. Ep. 87, 9; 123, 7; Suet. Ner. 30; Mart. 3, 47, 14. —

Trop.:

cursor iambus,

Rufin. Rhet. p. 355 Capperon.

Cursor, ōris, m. [id.], a surname of L. Papirius, Liv. 9, 16, 11; Ampel. 18; Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 31; Eutr. 2, 8.

cursor, ōris, m. [id.], a runner, and partic.,

A runner in a race, racer, Lucr. 2, 78; Cic. Tusc. 2, 23, 56; id. Div. 2, 70, 144; also a competitor in a chariot-race:

ut cupidi cursor frena retentat equi,

Ov. P. 3, 9, 26.—

A courier, post (mostly postAug.), Nep. Milt. 4, 3 (transl. of the Gr. hêmerodromos); Plin. 2, 71, 73, § 181; Plin. Ep. 7, 12 fin.; Suet. Ner. 49; Mart. 3, 100, 1 al.—

A slave who ran before the chariot of a grandee, a forerunner (post-Aug.), Sen. Ep. 87, 9; 123, 7; Suet. Ner. 30; Mart. 3, 47, 14. —

Trop.:

cursor iambus,

Rufin. Rhet. p. 355 Capperon.

Cursor, ōris, m. [id.], a surname of L. Papirius, Liv. 9, 16, 11; Ampel. 18; Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 31; Eutr. 2, 8.

drŏmos, i, m., = dromos.

A place for running; a race-course, Grut. Inscr. 339, 2.—

Esp., as nom. prop., Drŏmŏs, i, m., the plain near Sparta, on which the Lacedaemonian youth exercised, Liv. 34, 27, 5.—

Dromos Achilleos, a peninsula west of the Crimea, on which Achilles was said to have run a race, Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 83.

drŏmos, i, m., = dromos.

A place for running; a race-course, Grut. Inscr. 339, 2.—

Esp., as nom. prop., Drŏmŏs, i, m., the plain near Sparta, on which the Lacedaemonian youth exercised, Liv. 34, 27, 5.—

Dromos Achilleos, a peninsula west of the Crimea, on which Achilles was said to have run a race, Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 83.

hŏmo, ĭnis (archaic form hemonem hominem dicebant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 100 Müll.; cf. humanus init., and nēmo, from nĕ-hĕmo: homōnem, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 683 P. = [p. 860] Ann. v. 141 Vahl.:

hŏmōnes,

Naev. 1, 1), comm. [root in humus, Gr. chamai; cf. Germ. -gam in Bräutigam; O. H. Germ. gomo; Goth. guma; Old Engl. goom; Engl. groom; cf. also Gr. epichthonioi; Hebr. Adam], a human being, man.

Lit.

In gen.:

animal hoc providum, sagax, multiplex, acutum, memor, plenum rationis et consilii quem vocamus hominem, praeclara quadam condicione generatum esse a summo deo, etc.,

Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 22; cf.

, on the natural history of man,

Plin. 7 praef. sq.; § 5 sq.: decem hominibus vitam eripis, indictā causā, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 25 (24), 12: dum quidem unus homo Romanus toga superescit, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 302 Müll. (Ann. v. 486 Vahl.); cf.: unus homo nobis cunctando restituit rem, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 313 ib.): navus repertus homo Graio patre Graius homo rex, id. ap. Fest. p. 169 Müll. (Ann. v. 183 ib.):

homo jam grandior,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 15:

homo amicus nobis... homo antiqua virtute ac fide,

id. Ad. 3, 3, 86 sq.; cf.:

bonus homo et nobis amicus,

Cic. Fam. 16, 18 fin.: quid est, quod homo masculus lubentius videre debeat bella uxore? Varr. ap. Non. 248, 16:

infelix,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 169:

homo omni doctrina eruditus,

Cic. Fin. 1, 5, 13; cf.:

homo summā prudentiā, multā etiam doctrinā,

id. Fam. 3, 7, 5:

de hujus hominis (i. e. Pompei) felicitate, etc.,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 16, 47:

iners atque inutilis,

id. Off. 3, 6, 31; cf.:

contemptus et abjectus,

id. Agr. 2, 34, 93:

insulsus,

id. Tusc. 1, 8, 15; cf.

also: hominum homo stultissime,

Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 10:

quid hoc homine faciatis?

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 16, § 42:

consulere generi hominum,

the human race, mankind, id. Rep. 3, 12:

genus hominum,

id. ib. 2, 26; id. de Or. 1, 9, 36; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 7 et saep. (more freq., genus humanum; v. humanus and genus); cf.:

natura hominem conciliat homini... hominum coetus et celebrationes,

Cic. Off. 1, 4, 12:

placet Stoicis, quae in terris gignantur, ad usum hominum omnia creari, homines autem hominum causa esse generatos,

id. ib. 1, 7, 22:

homines plurimum hominibus et prosunt et obsunt,

id. ib. 2, 5, 17: is dictus popularibus olim, Qui tum vivebant homines, Enn. ap. Cic. Brut. 15, 58 (Ann. v. 308 Vahl.):

homines Romani,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 14, 41:

lege conciliati homines cum dis putandi sunt,

id. Leg. 1, 7, 23:

pro deum atque hominum fidem!

Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 16 et saep.: divumque hominumque pater, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 65 Müll. (Ann. v. 566 Vahl.); so, id. ap. Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 4 (Ann. v. 567) and ap. Gell. 12, 4 (Ann. v. 254); but homo, sing., is used of the human race, mankind (= homines, genus humanum), when it has no predicate joined with it:

qua haud scio an quidquam melius sit homini datum,

Cic. Lael. 6, 20; 3, 11:

taces, Monstrum hominis?

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 29; cf.:

odium illud hominis impuri,

Cic. Fam. 12, 1, 1:

quid hoc sit hominis?

Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 26; cf.:

quid illuc hominus est?

Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 17;

in addresses: nisi caves tu homo, etc.,

id. Heaut. 5, 3, 1:

tu homo adigis me ad insaniam,

id. Ad. 1, 2, 31.—In apposition:

mares homines,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 32:

amanti homini adulescenti,

id. Trin. 1, 2, 94; cf.:

filius homo adulescens,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 52;

v. adulescens: verberare hominem senem,

id. Ad. 4, 2, 23:

servom hominem,

id. Phorm. 2, 1, 62:

oculi hominis histrionis,

Cic. de Or. 2, 46, 193:

nemo homo,

Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 29; cf.:

ut homo nemo velit nisi hominis similis esse,

Cic. N. D. 1, 28, 78;

v. nemo. —Of females: mater, cujus ea stultitia est, ut eam nemo hominem appellare possit,

Cic. Clu. 70, 199:

quae (Io) bos ex homine est,

Ov. F. 5, 620; Juv. 6, 284:

dulcissimum ab hominis camelinum lac,

Plin. 28, 9, 33, § 123: homines feminae (opp. mares homines), Aug. Civ. Dei, 3, 3.—

Prov.

Quot homines, tot sententiae, many men, many minds, i. e. every one has his own opinion, Ter. Phorm. 2, 4, 14; Cic. Fin. 1, 5, 15.—

Ut homo est, ita morem geras, Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 77 (but in Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 36 spurious, v. Ritschl ad h. l.).—

Homines, dum docent, discunt, Sen. Ep. 7, 8 fin. —

Aiunt homines plus in alieno negotio videre quam in suo, the lookers-on see farther in the game than the players, id. ib. 109, 16. —

Homo nulli coloris, neither fish nor flesh, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 99.—

Homo sum; humani nihil a me alienum puto, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 25; cf.:

homo ego sum, homo tu es,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 46.—

Lupus homo homini, non homo, quom qualis sit non novit, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 88.—

In partic.

Pregn., in a good or a bad sense.

In a good sense (cf. vir), a man, as a reasonable or moral being:

homo es, qui me emunxisti mucidum,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 57:

si homo esset, eum potius legeret,

Cic. Att. 2, 2, 2:

nox te expolivit hominemque reddidit,

id. de Or. 2, 10, 40:

si vis homo esse,

id. Att. 4, 15, 2:

homines visi sumus,

id. ib. 13, 52, 2:

nos quod simus, quod habeamus, quod homines existimemur, id omne abs te habere,

id. Fam. 7, 29, 1:

si tu sis homo,

Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 11:

et tu illum tuom, si esses homo, sineres, etc.,

if you had a man's sense, id. ib. 1, 2, 27:

exuens hominem ex homine,

Cic. Fin. 5, 12, 35: cum Socrates Alcibiadi persuasisset, eum nihil hominis esse, that he was nothing of a man (i. e. in no respect such as a man should be), id. Tusc. 3, 32, 77:

(Nero) dicebat se quasi hominem tandem habitare coepisse,

like a human being, Suet. Ner. 31:

me hominem inter homines voluit esse,

Petr. 39. —

In a bad sense, a man, as a weak, mortal being, subject to error, of low condition (rare):

fateor me saepe peccasse, nam et homo sum et adhuc juvenis,

Petr. 130: cf.

homines sumus, non dei,

id. 75:

(Demosthenes, Homerus) summi sunt, homines tamen,

Quint. 10, 1, 25.—In fem.: quae si hoc tempore non diem suum obiisset, paucis post annis tamen ei moriendum fuit, quoniam homo nata fuerat, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 4.—Also of servants (as distinguished from a free Roman): homo P. Quinti, Quintus's man, i. e. his slave, servant, Cic. Quint. 19, 61:

vinum familiae... Saturnalibus et Compitalibus in singulos homines congios,

Cato, R. R. 57, 2; Cat. 10, 16.—

In opp. to a woman, a man (anteand post-class., and very rare):

mi homo et mea mulier, vos saluto,

Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 57; Lact. 2, 12; Dig. 48, 19, 38.—

In milit. lang., homines, opp. to cavalry, foot-soldiers, infantry:

capti homines equitesque producebantur,

Caes. B. C. 2, 39, 5; cf. vir. —

Homo novus, v. novus.—

Bodies, corpses:

jam pigritia singulos sepeliendi promisce acervatos cumulos hominum urebant,

Liv. 5, 48, 3.—

Particular phrases.

Paucorum hominum esse, to have but few intimates, be choice in one's company: (Maecenas) paucorum hominum et mentis bene sanae. Hor. S. 1, 9, 44:

homo est Perpaucorum hominum,

Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 19.— Hence, comically, of the favorite but rare fish, acipenser: Scipio vide, quid agas: acipenser iste paucorum hominum est, Cic. Fragm. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12 (see the anecdote in connection).—

Inter homines esse (agere).

To be among the living, to be alive, to live (very rare):

Hercules numquam abiisset ad deos, nisi cum inter homines esset, eam sibi viam munivisset,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 32:

inter homines esse desinere,

i. e. to die, Dig. 31, 1, 59; so,

agere inter homines desinere,

Tac. A. 15, 74 fin.:

ab hominibus ereptus est,

Dig. 31, 1, 58.—

To see the world, be among men:

iste homo qui numquam inter homines fuerit,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 28, 76.—

Transf., esp. in familiar lang., the man, the fellow, instead of the pron. he, his, him:

haben argentum ab homine?

Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 65:

ibi homo coepit me obsecrare, ut, etc.,

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 30:

itast homo,

id. Ad. 1, 2, 63:

dixit, se senatui roganti de Marcello ne hominis quidem causa negaturum,

Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 3:

ei medico imperasti, ut venas hominis incideret,

id. Pis. 34, 83:

tantum esse in homine sceleris,

id. Sest. 9, 22 Halm.; 41, 89; id. Verr. 2, 4, 27, § 62:

persuasit homini,

Nep. Dat. 10, 3:

aut insanit homo aut versus facit,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 117:

agnoscit hominem Caesar,

Phaedr. 2, 5, 19 Burm. ad loc.; al.—

Hic homo, this man, = I, myself (ante-class. and poet.):

hunc hominem velles si tradere,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 47:

solus hic homo est, qui sciat, etc.,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 33:

tibi verba, huic homini verbera,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 114 (cf. hic, G.).

lampăs, ădis (late Lat. also lampă-da, ae, Jul. Val. Rer. G. Alex. 3, 28:

lampadarum,

Vulg. Ezech. 1, 13), f., = lampas, a light, torch, flambeau (mostly poet.; cf.: lucerna, lychnus, laterna).

Lit.:

lampades ardentes,

Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 86: illatae lampades, Att. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 16, 41:

lampadas igniferas,

Lucr. 2, 25:

vidi argenteum Cupidinem cum lampade,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 47, § 115:

pinguis,

Ov. M. 4, 403:

pingues lampades,

Lucr. 4, 403:

ardens,

Verg. A. 9, 535:

Salmoneus, dum flammas Jovis imitatur, lampada quassans,

id. ib. 6, 587:

lampadibus densum rapuit funale coruscis,

with torches, Ov. M. 12, 247; Vulg. Exod. 20, 18:

lampas ignis,

id. Gen. 15, 17.—Used at weddings, a wedding-torch:

tene hane lampadem,

Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 17; Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 9. —Hence, poet.:

lampade primā,

at her wedding, Stat. S. 4, 8, 59; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 4.—

Esp., a lamp:

ferreae lampades,

Col. 12, 18, 5:

aënea,

Juv. 3, 285:

praecinctae lampades auro,

Ov. H. 14, 25:

accipere oleum cum lampadibus,

Vulg. Matt. 25, 4.—

Trop.

From the Grecian torch-race (which consisted in keeping the torch burning during the race and handing it, still lighted, to the next one), are borrowed the expressions: lampada tradere alicui, to give or resign one's occupation to another:

nunc cursu lampada tibi trado,

now it is your turn, Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 9:

quasi cursores, vitai lampada tradunt,

i. e. they finish their course, die, Lucr. 2, 79:

qui prior es, cur me in decursu lampada poscis?

i. e. do you wish to succeed to my estate while I am yet alive? Pers. 6, 61.—

In gen., splendor, brightness, lustre:

aeterna mundl,

Lucr. 5, 402; cf.:

rosea sol alte lampade lucens,

id. 5, 610:

Phoebeae lampadis instar,

the light of the sun, the sun, Verg. A. 3, 637:

postera cum primā lustrabat lampade terras Orta dies,

the first beams of light, first rays of dawn, id. ib. 7, 148.—

Hence, poet., like lumen, for day:

octavoque fere candenti lumine solis Aut etiam nonā reddebant lampade vitam,

on the ninth day, Lucr. 6, 1198;

so of the moonlight: decima lampas Phoebes,

Val. Fl. 7, 366; cf.:

cum se bina formavit lampade Phoebe,

i. e. after two moons, Nemes. Cyn. 130:

lampade Phoebes sub decima,

the tenth month, Val. Fl. 7, 366.—

A meteor resembling a torch:

emicant et faces, non nisi cum decidunt visae. Duo genera earum: lampades vocant plane faces, alterum bolidas,

Plin. 2, 26, 25, § 96; cf. Sen. Q. N. 1, 15:

nunc sparso lumine lampas emicuit caelo,

Luc. 1, 532; 10, 502.

quā̆drīgārĭus, a, um, adj. [quadrigae], of or belonging to a four-horse ( racing) chariot (post-Aug.):

quadrigario habitu,

in the dress of the driver of a quadriga, Suet. Calig. 17: pulvis, for the race-horses, Veg. Vet. 1, 56; 2, 28, 19:

FAMILIA,

slaves who took care of the race-horses, Inscr. Grut. 339, 5.— Hence, as subst.: quā̆drīgārĭus, ii, m., one who drives a four-horse chariot in the circus, a chariot-racer (class.), Varr. R. R. 2, 7: in victoriā, Cic. Fragm. Or. in Toga Cand. ap. Ascon.; Suet. Ner. 16; Arn. 2, 70; Paul. ex Fest. p. 36, 12 Müll.

Quā̆drīgārĭus, ii, m., a Roman surname. Thus, Q. Claudius Quadrigarius, an old Roman historian, Vell. 2, 9, 6; Gell. 1, 7, 9;

called simply Claudius,

Liv. 8, 19, 13.

quā̆drīgārĭus, a, um, adj. [quadrigae], of or belonging to a four-horse ( racing) chariot (post-Aug.):

quadrigario habitu,

in the dress of the driver of a quadriga, Suet. Calig. 17: pulvis, for the race-horses, Veg. Vet. 1, 56; 2, 28, 19:

FAMILIA,

slaves who took care of the race-horses, Inscr. Grut. 339, 5.— Hence, as subst.: quā̆drīgārĭus, ii, m., one who drives a four-horse chariot in the circus, a chariot-racer (class.), Varr. R. R. 2, 7: in victoriā, Cic. Fragm. Or. in Toga Cand. ap. Ascon.; Suet. Ner. 16; Arn. 2, 70; Paul. ex Fest. p. 36, 12 Müll.

Quā̆drīgārĭus, ii, m., a Roman surname. Thus, Q. Claudius Quadrigarius, an old Roman historian, Vell. 2, 9, 6; Gell. 1, 7, 9;

called simply Claudius,

Liv. 8, 19, 13.

saecŭlum ( poet., esp. Lucretian, saeclum; less correctly sēcŭlum, sēclum), i, n. dim. [etym. dub.; perh. root si- = sa-; Gr. saô, to sift; Lat. sero, satus; whence Saturnus, etc.; hence, orig.], a race, breed, generation (freq. in Lucr.; very rare in later writers; usu. in plur.):

saecla propagare,

Lucr. 1, 21; cf. id. 2, 173; 5, 850:

nec toties possent generatim saecla referre Naturam parentum,

id. 1, 597:

saecla animantum,

i. e. animals, id. 2, 78; 5, 855:

hominum,

id. 1, 467; 5, 339; 6, 722:

ferarum,

id. 2, 995; 3, 753; 4, 413; 4, 686; cf.:

silvestria ferarum,

id. 5, 967:

serpentia ferarum,

id. 6, 766:

mortalia,

id. 5, 805; 5, 982; 5, 1238:

bucera (with lanigerae pecudes),

id. 5, 866; 6, 1245; cf.:

vetusta cornicum (with corvorum greges),

id. 5, 1084:

aurea pavonum,

id. 2, 503:

totisque expectent saecula ripis,

i. e. the shades of the infernal regions, Stat. Th. 11, 592.— Sing.:

et muliebre oritur patrio de semine saeclum,

the female sex, women, Lucr. 4, 1223; so,

muliebre,

id. 5, 1020; 2, 10 sq.—

Transf.

Like genea.

The ordinary lifetime of the human species, a lifetime, generation, age (of thirty-three years; class.; esp. freq. in signif. 2. infra; cf. Schoem. ad Cic. N. D. 1, 9, 21):

cum ad idem, unde semel profecta sunt, cuncta astra redierint... tum ille vere vertens annus appellari potest: in quo vix dicere audeo, quam multa saecula hominum teneantur,

Cic. Rep. 6, 22, 24 Mos.:

cum ex hac parte saecula plura numerentur,

Liv. 9, 18:

quorum (Socratis atque Epicuri) aetates non annis sed saeculis scimus esse disjunctas,

Hier. Vit. Cler. 4, p. 262; cf. Censor. de Die Nat. 17; Auct. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 8, 508; id. E. 4, 5.—

Esp., the lifetime or reign of a ruler:

illustrari saeculum suum ejusmodi exemplo arbitrabatur,

Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 6:

digna saeculo tuo,

id. ib. 10, 1, 2.—

The human race living in a particular age, a generation, an age, the times: serit arbores quae alteri saeculo prosient, Caecil. ap. Cic. Sen. 7, 24:

in id saeculum Romuli cecidit aetas, cum jam plena Graecia poëtarum esset,

Cic. Rep. 2, 10, 18 (for which:

quorum aetas cum in eorum tempora incidisset,

id. Or. 12, 39):

saeculorum reliquorum judicium,

id. Div. 1, 19, 36:

ipse fortasse in hujus saeculi errore versor,

id. Par. 6, 3, 50; cf.:

hujus saeculi insolentia,

id. Phil. 9, 6, 23; and: o [p. 1614] nostri infamia saecli, Ov. M. 8, 97; cf.

also: novi ego hoc saeculum, moribus quibus siet,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 6; so,

hujus saecli mores,

id. Truc. prol. 13; and:

hoccine saeclum! o scelera! o genera sacrilega, o hominem impurum!

Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 6; cf. id. Eun. 2, 2, 15:

nec mutam repertam esse dicunt mulierem ullo in saeculo,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 7:

Cato rudi saeculo litteras Graecas didicit,

Quint. 12, 11, 23; so,

rude,

id. 2, 5, 23:

grave ne rediret Saeculum Pyrrhae,

Hor. C. 1, 2, 6:

primo statim beatissimi saeculi ortu,

Tac. Agr. 3; so,

beatissimum,

id. ib. 44:

felix et aureum,

id. Or. 12; Quint. 8, 6, 24:

aureum,

Sen. Contr. 2, 17; Lact. 5, 6, 13; cf.:

aurea saecula,

Verg. A. 6, 792; Ov. A. A. 2, 277:

his jungendi sunt Diocletianus aurei parens saeculi, et Maximianus, ut vulgo dicitur, ferrei,

Lampr. Elag. 35:

ceteri, qui dii ex hominibus facti esse dicuntur, minus eruditis hominum saeculis fuerunt (with Romuli aetas),

Cic. Rep. 2, 10, 18; cf.:

res publica constituta non unā hominum vitā sed aliquot saeculis et aetatibus,

id. ib. 2, 1, 2:

perpetuā saeculorum admiratione celebrantur,

Quint. 11, 1, 13:

fecunda culpae saecula,

Hor. C. 3, 6, 17:

ferro duravit saecula,

id. Epod. 16, 65; cf.:

sic ad ferrum venistis ab auro, Saecula,

Ov. M. 15, 261.—

The spirit of the age or times: nemo illic vitia ridet;

nec corrumpere et corrumpi saeculum vocatur,

Tac. G. 19.—

The utmost lifetime of man, a period of a hundred years, a century:

saeclum spatium annorum centum vocārunt,

Varr. L. L. 6, 2, § 11 Müll.; cf. Fest. s. v. saeculares, p. 328 ib.; Censor. de Die Nat. 17:

cum (Numa) illam sapientiam constituendae civitatis duobus prope saeculis ante cognovit, quam eam Graeci natam esse senserunt,

Cic. de Or. 2, 37, 154:

saeculo festas referente luces,

Hor. C. 4, 6, 42; cf.:

multa virum durando saecula vincit,

Verg. G. 2, 295.—

For an indefinitely long period, an age; plur. (so mostly):

(Saturni stella) nihil immutat sempiternis saeculorum aetatibus, quin eadem iisdem temporibus efficiat,

Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 52:

aliquot saeculis post,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 35, § 73:

cum aliquot saecula in Italiā viguisset,

id. Univ. 1; so,

tot,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 55, § 122; id. Ac. 2, 5, 15:

quot,

Quint. 12, 11, 22:

multa,

Cic. Rep. 2, 10, 20; 6, 26, 29; id. de Or. 2, 5, 21; id. Cat. 2, 5, 11; id. Fam. 11, 14, 3:

plurima,

id. Rep. 3, 9, 14:

sexcenta,

id. Fat. 12, 27:

omnia,

id. Lael. 4, 15; id. Phil. 2, 22, 54:

ex omni saeculorum memoriā,

id. ib. 4, 1, 3:

vir saeculorum memoriā dignus,

Quint. 10, 1, 104; cf.:

ingeniorum monumenta, quae saeculis probarentur,

id. 3, 7, 18:

facto in saecula ituro,

to future ages, to posterity, Sil. 12, 312; so Plin. Pan. 55, 1:

in famam et saecula mitti,

Luc. 10, 533: tarda gelu saeclisque effeta senectus, with (many) years, Verg. A. 8, 508.— Sing.:

propemodum saeculi res in unum diem cumulavit,

Curt. 4, 16, 10:

longo putidam (anum) saeculo,

Hor. Epod. 8, 1:

ut videri possit saeculo prior,

Quint. 10, 1, 113.—Esp. (eccl. Lat.), the following phrases are used to express forever, to all eternity, endlessly, without end:

in saeculum,

Vulg. Exod. 21, 6; id. Dan. 3, 89:

in saeculum saeculi,

id. Psa. 36, 27; id. 2 Cor. 9, 9:

in saecula,

id. Ps. 77, 69; id. Rom. 1, 25:

in saecula saeculorum,

Tert. ad Uxor. 1, 1; Ambros. Hexaëm. 3, 17, 72; Vulg. Tob. 9, 11; id. Rom. 16, 27; id. Apoc. 1, 6 et saep.—

Like the biblical, aiôn, the world, worldliness (eccl. Lat.):

immaculatus ab hoc saeculo,

Vulg. Jacob. 1, 27: et servientem corpori Absolve vinclis saeculi, Prud. steph. 2, 583; so id. Cath. 5, 109; Paul. Nol. Ep. 23, 33 fin. —

Heathenism (eccl. Lat.):

saeculi exempla,

Tert. Exhort. ad Cast. 13 (al. saecularia).

sŭbŏles (less correctly sŏbŏles), is, f. [sub- 2. oleo, olesco], a sprout, shoot, offshoot, twig, spray:

suboles ab olescendo, id est crescendo, ut adulescentes quoque et adultae et indoles dicitur,

Fest. p. 309 Müll.

Lit. (very rare;

syn. surculus), of plants: ulmum serere ex subolibus,

Col. 5, 6, 2:

caepa, quae non habuit suboles adhaerentes,

id. 12, 10; Plin. 17, 10, 12, § 65 et saep. —Of the hair: ex subolibus parvuli (capilli) demittebantur, Varr. ap. Non. 456, 7:

cum capillus frequenti subole cumulat verticem,

App. M. 2, p. 218, 36.—

Transf., of men and beasts, offspring, progeny, posterity, issue, stock, race, lineage (class.; mostly poet.; cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 38, 153;

syn.: proles, progenies): censores populi aevitates, suboles, familias pecuniasque censento,

Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 7:

propagatio et suboles,

id. Off. 1, 17, 54; Lucr. 4, 1232; cf.:

(rex Superum) subolem priori Dissimilem populo promittit origine mirā,

Ov. M. 1, 251:

cara deum suboles, magnum Jovis incrementum,

Verg. E. 4, 49:

hem subolem sis vide!

Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 102:

suboles juventutis,

Cic. Phil. 2, 22, 54: robur et suboles militum interiit, Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 1:

milites, favete nomini Scipionum, suboli imperatorum vestrorum,

Liv. 26, 41, 22:

fortunati patris matura suboles,

id. 40, 6:

stirpis,

id. 39, 24:

si qua mihi de te suscepta fuisset Ante fugam suboles,

Verg. A. 4, 328:

diva (Lucina), producas subolem,

Hor. C. S. 17:

Romae suboles,

the race of Rome, id. C. 4, 3, 14:

Archytae,

Prop. 4 (5), 1, 77:

Sarmatae, Medorum suboles,

Plin. 6, 7, 7, § 19:

haec suboles nomen habuit Epigoni,

Just. 12, 4, 11:

stirpem regiae subolis delere,

id. 16, 1, 15. —Of the gods:

per suboles subolum multiplicata semper innumerabilitas ampliatur,

Arn. 3, 9 Hildebr.—Of beasts:

lascivi suboles gregis,

Hor. C. 3, 13, 8:

capellae,

Col. 7, 6, 8:

armentorum,

Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 31.

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