produces

formīdo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [v. 2. formido], to fear, dread any thing; to be afraid, terrified, frightened (class.; syn.: metuo, timeo, vereor, trepido, tremo, paveo).

With acc.:

illum,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 4, 5:

et illud paveo et hoc formido,

id. Cist. 2, 1, 58:

malum (shortly after: metuo malum),

id. Am. prol. 27:

ipse se cruciat omniaque formidat,

Cic. Fin. 2, 16, 53:

illius iracundiam formidant,

id. Att. 8, 16, 2: apoteugma formido et timeo, ne, etc., id. Q. Fr. 3, 2, 2:

cum formidet te mulier,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 65:

fures,

id. ib. 1, 1, 77:

acumen judicis,

id. A. P. 364:

nocturnos tepores,

id. Ep. 1, 18, 93. —In pass.:

hic classe formidatus,

Hor. C. 3, 6, 15:

formidata Parthis Roma,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 256:

nautis formidatus Apollo (i. e. the temple of Apollo on the Leucadian promontory),

Verg. A. 3, 275; cf.:

nec formidatis auxiliatur aquis,

i. e. the hydrophobia, Ov. P. 1, 3, 24:

quo etiam satietas formidanda est magis,

Cic. Or. 63, 213.—

With inf.:

si isti formidas credere,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 82; cf.:

ad haec ego naribus uti Formido,

Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 46:

meus formidat animus, nostrum tam diu ibi sedere filium,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 4.—

With ut or ne:

aliquem non formido, ut, etc.,

Vop. Tac. 2, § 2:

formido miser, ne, etc.,

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 55.—

With dat.: auro formidat Euclio: abstrudit foris, fears for the gold, Plaut. Aul. argum. 6.—

With si:

male formido, si hera mea sciat tam socordem esse quam sum,

Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 4.—

Absol.:

intus paveo et foris formido,

Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 20:

ne formida,

id. Mil. 4, 2, 20; id. As. 2, 4, 56; 3, 3, 48; id. Mil. 3, 3, 20: neque prius desinam formidare, quam tetigisse te Italiam audiero, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 10, 1.

formīdo, ĭnis, f. [Sanscr. root dhar-, whence firmus; prop. the fear that makes rigid, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 148], fearfulness, fear, terror, dread (class.).

Lit.:

parasitus, qui me conplevit flagiti et formidinis,

Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 3: popolo formidinem inicere, Furius ap. Macr. S. 3, 9, 8:

Stoici definiunt formidinem metum permanentem,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 8 fin.:

ut aliqua in vita formido improbis esset posita, apud inferos antiqui supplicia constituta esse voluerunt,

id. Cat. 4, 4, 8:

quae tanta formido,

id. Rosc. Am. 2, 5:

neque miser me commovere possum prae formidine,

Plaut. Am. 1. 1, 181:

subita atque improvisa,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 18, 43:

formidinem suam alicui inicere,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 28, § 68:

formidinem inferre,

Tac. H. 2, 15:

intendere,

id. ib. 2, 54:

facere,

id. ib. 3, 10:

mortis,

Cic. Rep. 1, 3; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 207:

poenae,

id. ib. 1, 16, 53:

fustis,

id. ib. 2, 1, 154.—In plur.:

pericula intendantur, formidines opponantur,

Cic. Quint. 14, 47:

ex ignoratione rerum ipsa horribiles exsistunt formidines,

id. Fin. 1, 19, 63:

contra formidines pavoresque,

Plin. 28, 8, 29, § 115.—

In partic., awe, reverence:

(portae) religione sacrae et saevi formidine Martis,

Verg. A. 7, 608; Sil. 1, 83.—

Transf., concr., that which produces fear, a frightful thing, a fright, horror.

In gen.:

alta ostia Ditis Et caligantem nigrā formidine lucum Ingressus,

Verg. G. 4, 468; Front. de Fer. Als. 3:

defensoribus moenium praemia modo, modo formidinem ostentare,

Sall. J. 23, 1; 66, 1.—

In partic., a scarecrow made of differentcolored feathers, a bugbear: cum maximos ferarum greges linea pennis distincta contineat et in insidias agat, ab ipso effectu dicta formido, Sen. de 1ra, 2, 12 (cf. Nemes. Cyneg. 303 sq.):

cervum puniceae septum formidine pennae,

Verg. A. 12, 750; cf. Luc. 4, 437:

furum aviumque Maxima formido,

Hor. S. 1, 8, 4.—Personified, as a goddess, Hyg. Fab. prooem. p. 10 Munk.

gaudĭum, ii (apoc. form gau, like cael for caelum, do for domum: replet te laetificum gau, Enn. ap. Auson. Technop. 144; Ann. 451 Vahl.), n. [id.], inward joy, joy, gladness, delight (opp. laetitia, joy which shows itself externally).

Lit.

In gen.

Sing.:

cum ratione animus movetur placide atque constanter, tum illud gaudium dicitur: cum autem inaniter et effuse animus exsultat, tum illa laetitia gestiens vel nimia dici potest, quam ita definiunt sine ratione animi elationem,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 6, 13; Sall. C. 48, 1:

voluptas dicitur etiam in animo... non dicitur laetitia nec gaudium in corpore,

id. Fin. 2, 4, 13 (cf. under B.):

veluti ex servitute erepta (plebs) gaudium atque laetitiam agitabat,

Sall. C. 48, 1:

exsultare laetitia, triumphare gaudio,

Cic. Clu. 5, 14: meum factum probari abs te triumpho gaudio, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16, A, 2:

non possum non confiteri, cumulari me maximo gaudio, quod, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 9, 14, 1:

gaudio compleri, gaudio afficere,

id. Fin. 5, 24, 69 sq.:

tuis litteris perlectis exsilui gaudio,

id. Fam. 16, 16, 1; cf.:

cum tuas litteras legissem, incredibili gaudio sum elatus,

id. ib. 10, 12, 2; id. Rep. 3, 30:

gaudium, tristitiam ostendimus (manibus),

Quint. 11, 3, 86:

missa legatio quae gaudio fungeretur,

to express their joy, offer their congratulations, Tac. H. 2, 55:

prae gaudio ubi sim nescio,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 67; cf.:

nimio gaudio paene desipere,

Cic. Fam. 2, 9, 2:

exclamare gaudio,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 30; cf.:

lacrimare gaudio,

id. Ad. 3, 3, 55: Ha. Gaudio ero vobis. Ad. At edepol nos voluptati tibi, Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 47:

quid illud gaudii est?

Ter. And. 5, 5, 7.—With an object-genitive:

gaudium periculosi saltus superati,

Liv. 42, 55, 4.—

Plur.: quocum multa volup ac gaudia clamque palamque, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (Ann. v. 247 Vahl.):

cum me tantis affecistis gaudiis,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 105; more freq., the outward expressions of joy:

feminarum praecipue et gaudia insignia erant et luctus,

Liv. 22, 7, 12 (cf. sing.:

gaudio exultans,

id. 21, 42, 3):

quibus gaudiis exsultabis?

Cic. Cat. 1, 10, 26:

ita varie per omnem exercitum laetitia, maeror, luctus atque gaudia agitabantur,

Sall. C. 61 fin.:

o qui complexus et gaudia quanta fuerunt!

Hor. S. 1, 5, 43:

gaudia prodentem vultum celare,

id. ib. 2, 5, 104:

in tacito cohibe gaudia clausa sinu,

Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 30 (cf. gaudeo, II. A.):

hunc scio mea solide gavisurum gaudia,

Ter. And. 5, 5, 8:

scin' me in quibus sim gaudiis?

id. Eun. 5, 9, 5.—Prov.:

Gaudia principium nostri sunt doloris,

Ov. M. 7, 796.—

In partic., sensual pleasure, delight, enjoyment (rare; not in Cic.; cf.

above the passage,

Cic. Fin. 2, 4, 13; usually in plur.):

dediti corporis gaudiis per luxum et ignaviam aetatem agunt,

Sall. J. 2, 4:

mutua gaudia,

Lucr. 4, 1205; 5, 854:

communia,

id. 4, 1196; cf. ib. 1106; Tib. 1, 5, 39; Hor. C. 3, 6, 28:

non umquam reputant quanti sibi gaudia constent,

Juv. 6, 365:

vini atque cibi,

id. 10, 204:

cenae,

id. 15, 41.—In sing.:

mihi sibique pestiferum hinc abstulit gaudium,

Liv. 1, 58, 8.—

Transf., also, like our joy, for an object which produces joy, a cause or occasion of joy (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

ceterum hoc gaudium magna prope clade in Samnio foedatum est,

Liv. 7, 34, 1:

non animo solum patrio gratum munus, sed corpori quoque salubre gaudium (sc. reditus filii) fuit,

id. 37, 37, 7:

cupidus falsis attingere gaudia palmis, i. e. conjugem,

Prop. 1, 19, 9:

fugiunt tua gaudia,

Ov. H. 15, 109; Phaedr. 4, 20, 27; Petr. 79, 10.—

Of inanim. and abstr. things:

non omnes (arbores) florent, et sunt tristes quaedam, quaeque non sentiant gaudia annorum,

Plin. 16, 25, 40, § 95:

flos est gaudium arborum,

id. ib.:

adamas opum gaudium,

id. 20 praef. § 2.

gĕnĕtrix (less freq. gĕnĭtrix; cf. Wagn. Verg. G. 4, 363, and Lachm. ad Lucr. II. p. 15 sq.), īcis, f. [genitor], she that has borne any one, or produced any thing, a mother ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose; syn. mater).

Lit.: Venus, genetrix patris nostri (Aeneae), Enn. ap. Non. 378, 16 (Ann. v. 53 Vahl.); so of Venus, as the mother of Aeneas, Verg. A. 1, 590; 8, 383; 12, 412; 554;

as the ancestress of the Romans: Aeneadūm genetrix,

Lucr. 1, 1;

and of Cæsar,

Suet. Caes. 61; 78; 84 (cf.: Venere prognatus, of Cæsar, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 15, 2; cf. also Suet. Caes. 6 and 49);

as the mother of Amor,

Verg. A. 1, 689; of Cybele:

me magna deūm genetrix his detinet oris, (also called Magna Mater),

id. ib. 2, 788;

so of the same,

id. ib. 9, 82; 94;

117: genetrix Priami de gente vetusta Est mihi (shortly after: parens),

id. ib. 9, 284; cf.:

nec ferro ut demens genetricem occidis Orestes (shortly after: occisa parente),

Hor. S. 2, 3, 133:

(ciconiae) genetricum senectam invicem educant,

Plin. 10, 23, 32, § 63; Vulg. Cant. 3, 4 al.—

Transf.

She that produces, a mother:

(tellus) magna deūm mater materque ferarum, et nostri genetrix corporis,

Lucr. 2, 599:

patria o mea creatrix! patria o mea genetrix!

Cat. 63, 50:

frugum,

i. e. Ceres, Ov. M. 5, 490:

Miletus, Ioniae caput, super octoginta urbium per cuncta maria genetrix,

mother-city, Plin. 5, 29, 31, § 112:

Aegyptus vitiorum genetrix,

id. 26, 1, 3, § 4:

genetrix virtutum frugalitas,

Just. 20, 4.—

Poet. of a mother-in-law, Ov. M. 9, 326.

grăvēdĭnōsus, a, um, adj. [gravedo], subject to colds or catarrhs, that easily takes cold.

Lit.: sunt alii ad alios morbos procliviores: itaque dicimus gravedinosos quosdam, quosdam torminosos, non quia jam sint, sed quia saepe sint, *Cic. Tusc. 4, 12, 27.—

Transf., that produces colds:

ervum,

Plin. 18, 15, 38, § 139.

inflātĭo, ōnis, f. [id.], a blowing itself up, swelling up.

Lit., of boiling water, Vitr. 8, 3.—

Transf., of the body; med. t. t., a swelling or puffing up, inflation, flatulence:

habet inflationem magnam is cibus (faba),

produces flatulence, Cic. Div. 1, 30, 62:

inflationem stomachi facit,

Col. 12, 11, 2; Cels. 2, 26:

mala dulcia inflationes pariunt,

Plin. 23, 6, 57, § 106:

inflationes discutere,

id. 23, 4, 4, § 128:

inflationem sedare,

id. 23, 4, 40, § 81:

in nostris corporibus ex cibo fit inflatio,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 4.—

An inflammation, i. q. inflammatio:

praecordiorum,

Suet. Aug. 81; Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 4, 104.

in-sānus, a, um, adj., unsound in mind.

Lit., mad, insane (syn.:

furiosus, fanaticus): quod idem contigit insanis,

Cic. Ac. 2, 17, 52:

si fecisset Juno maritum insanum,

Juv. 6, 620. —

Transf., that acts like a madman, raging, raving, foolish, frantic.

Ex stultis insanos facere, Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 23:

acrior et insanior cupiditas,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 39:

insanissima concio,

id. Mil. 17, 45:

homo insanissimus,

id. Rosc. Am. 12, 33:

uter est insanior horum?

Hor. S. 2, 3, 102.—

Transf., of inanim. and abstr. things:

caedis insana cupido,

Verg. A. 9, 760:

amor duri Martis,

id. E. 10, 44:

insano verba tonare foro,

i. e. where there is a great bustle, Prop. 4 (5), 1, 134:

omnis et insana semita nocte sonat,

i. e. of women raving about, id. 4 (5), 8, 60:

insani enses,

Calp. Ecl. 1, 59:

fluctus,

Verg. E. 9, 43:

venti,

Tib. 2, 4, 9:

vires Austri,

Ov. M. 12, 510:

insana Caprae sidera,

Hor. C. 3, 7, 6. —

That causes madness (cf. "The insane root, that takes the reason prisoner," Shaks. Macb. 1, 3):

laurum insanam vocant, quoniam si quid ex ea decerptum inferatur navibus, jurgia fiunt, donec abiciatur,

Plin. 16, 44, 89, § 239:

herba,

that produces madness, Ser. Samm. 20:

fames,

that drives one to madness, Luc. 7, 413.—

Outrageous, monstrous, violent, extravagant, excessive:

substructionum insanae moles,

Cic. Mil. 31, 85:

substructiones Capitolii insanae,

Plin. 36, 14, 2, § 104:

labor,

Verg. A. 6, 135:

trepidatio,

Liv. 32, 17, 16:

cum stupet insanis acies fulgoribus,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 5:

vites,

that bear excessively, three times, Plin. 16, 27, 50, § 115; cf. adv., 3. insanum. —

Enthusiastic, enraptured, inspired:

vates,

Verg. A. 3, 443. — Adv., in three forms.

insānē.

Madly, insanely:

amare,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 20. — Comp.:

in silvam non ligna feras insanius,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 34.— Sup.:

insanissime desperare,

Aug. Ep. 238.—

Outrageously, excessively:

esuriens insane bene,

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 24; cf. Varr. L. L. 7, § 86 Müll.—

in-sānĭter, madly, violently, excessively: ludit nimium insaniter, Pomp. ap. Non. 509, 31; Prisc. p. 1010 P.—

insānum, outrageously, vehemently, excessively:

insanum malum = pessimum,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 47:

porticus, insanum bona,

id. Most. 3, 3, 5:

magnum molior negotium,

id. Bacch. 4, 5, 1: valde, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 127, 26.

in-sānus, a, um, adj., unsound in mind.

Lit., mad, insane (syn.:

furiosus, fanaticus): quod idem contigit insanis,

Cic. Ac. 2, 17, 52:

si fecisset Juno maritum insanum,

Juv. 6, 620. —

Transf., that acts like a madman, raging, raving, foolish, frantic.

Ex stultis insanos facere, Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 23:

acrior et insanior cupiditas,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 39:

insanissima concio,

id. Mil. 17, 45:

homo insanissimus,

id. Rosc. Am. 12, 33:

uter est insanior horum?

Hor. S. 2, 3, 102.—

Transf., of inanim. and abstr. things:

caedis insana cupido,

Verg. A. 9, 760:

amor duri Martis,

id. E. 10, 44:

insano verba tonare foro,

i. e. where there is a great bustle, Prop. 4 (5), 1, 134:

omnis et insana semita nocte sonat,

i. e. of women raving about, id. 4 (5), 8, 60:

insani enses,

Calp. Ecl. 1, 59:

fluctus,

Verg. E. 9, 43:

venti,

Tib. 2, 4, 9:

vires Austri,

Ov. M. 12, 510:

insana Caprae sidera,

Hor. C. 3, 7, 6. —

That causes madness (cf. "The insane root, that takes the reason prisoner," Shaks. Macb. 1, 3):

laurum insanam vocant, quoniam si quid ex ea decerptum inferatur navibus, jurgia fiunt, donec abiciatur,

Plin. 16, 44, 89, § 239:

herba,

that produces madness, Ser. Samm. 20:

fames,

that drives one to madness, Luc. 7, 413.—

Outrageous, monstrous, violent, extravagant, excessive:

substructionum insanae moles,

Cic. Mil. 31, 85:

substructiones Capitolii insanae,

Plin. 36, 14, 2, § 104:

labor,

Verg. A. 6, 135:

trepidatio,

Liv. 32, 17, 16:

cum stupet insanis acies fulgoribus,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 5:

vites,

that bear excessively, three times, Plin. 16, 27, 50, § 115; cf. adv., 3. insanum. —

Enthusiastic, enraptured, inspired:

vates,

Verg. A. 3, 443. — Adv., in three forms.

insānē.

Madly, insanely:

amare,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 20. — Comp.:

in silvam non ligna feras insanius,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 34.— Sup.:

insanissime desperare,

Aug. Ep. 238.—

Outrageously, excessively:

esuriens insane bene,

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 24; cf. Varr. L. L. 7, § 86 Müll.—

in-sānĭter, madly, violently, excessively: ludit nimium insaniter, Pomp. ap. Non. 509, 31; Prisc. p. 1010 P.—

insānum, outrageously, vehemently, excessively:

insanum malum = pessimum,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 47:

porticus, insanum bona,

id. Most. 3, 3, 5:

magnum molior negotium,

id. Bacch. 4, 5, 1: valde, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 127, 26.

in-sătĭābĭlis, e, adj.

That cannot be satisfied, insatiable:

cupiditas,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 44:

gaudium,

id. ib. 5, 25, 70:

crudelitas,

id. Phil. 1, 3, 8:

humanus animus,

Liv. 4, 13, 4:

acquirendi votum,

Juv. 14, 125. —

With gen.:

sanguinis,

Just. 1, 8, 13:

laudis,

Val. Max. 8, 14. 3:

spectaculi,

Sen. Cons. ad Helv. 9, 1.—

That cannot cloy or sate, that never produces satiety:

varietas,

Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 38:

nulla est insatiabilior species,

id. ib. 2, 62, 155.— Adv.: insătĭābĭlĭter, insatiably:

deflere,

Lucr. 3, 907:

in re inani desidere,

Plin. Ep. 9, 6, 3:

parare memoriam sui,

Tac. A. 4, 38:

opes congerere,

Lact. Ep. 4.

Lēthē, ēs, f., = Lêthê (forgetfulness), the river Lethe, in the infernal regions, from which the Shades drank and obtained forgetfulness of the past:

pocula Lethes,

Ov. P. 2, 4, 23:

da mihi hebetantem pectora Lethen,

id. ib. 4, 1, 17:

soporifera,

id. Tr. 4, 1, 47:

immittere Lethen Stygiam alicui in viscera,

i. e. forgetfulness, Luc. 5, 221:

aqua Lethes, i. q. soporifera,

Ov. M. 11, 603.— Hence,

Lēthaeus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Lethe, Lethean.

Lit.:

ratis,

Tib. 3, 5, 24:

amnis,

Verg. A. 6, 705:

stagna,

Prop. 4 (5), 7, 91.—

Transf.

Of or belonging to the infernal regions:

Lethaei dii,

Luc. 6, 685:

tyrannus,

i. e. Pluto, Col. 10, 271:

Lethaea vincula abrumpere alicui,

to bring one from the Lower World back to life, Hor. C. 4, 7, 27:

janitor,

i. e. Anubis, Stat. S. 3, 2, 112.—

That produces sleepiness or forgetfulness, Lethean:

Lethaeo perfusa papavera somno,

Verg. G. 1, 78:

ros,

id. A. 5, 854:

papavera,

id. G. 4, 545:

sucus,

Ov. M. 7, 152:

amor,

faithless love, id. R. Am. 551:

nox,

id. A. A. 3, 648.

monstrĭfer, fĕra, fĕrum, adj. [monstrum-fero], monster-bearing, that produces monsters ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

campi,

Val. Fl. 5, 222:

novercae,

i. e. Juno, who sent monsters to Hercules, id. ib. 5, 43:

sinus (i. e. mare),

id. ib. 2, 498:

antra,

Claud. Stil. 2, 110.—

Monstrous, horrid, misshapen:

animalium hominumque effigies monstriferas,

Plin. 6, 30, 35, § 187 (but the better reading is monstrificas).

nī̆gro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [id.].

Neutr., to be black:

ea, quae nigrant nigro de semine nata,

Lucr. 2, 733.—

Act., to make black, to blacken.

Lit.:

mgrāsset sibi planctu lacertos,

Stat. S. 2, 6, 83.—

Trop., to make dark, to darken:

nigrati ignorantiae tenebris,

Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 8.—Hence, nī̆grans, antis, P. a., black, dark-colored, dusky: nigrantia boum cornua, [p. 1207] Varr R. R. 2, 5:

nigrantes terga juvenci,

Verg. A. 5, 97:

nigrantes alae,

Ov. M. 2, 535:

nigrantes domos ammarum intrāsse silentūm,

Prop. 3, 12, 33 (4, 11, 33):

nigrante profundo,

the sea, Sil. 17, 258:

litora,

Val. Fl. 4, 697:

aegis,

i. e. that produces clouds, Verg. A. 8, 353.

oblīvĭōsus, a, um, adj. [oblivio].

Lit., that easily forgets, forgetful, oblivious (rare but class.):

hos (senes) significat credulos, obliviosos,

Cic. Sen. 11, 36.— Sup.:

homo obliviosissimus,

Tert. Anim. 24.—

Transf., that produces forgetfulness, oblivious ( poet.):

Massicus (i. e. sollicitudinum oblivionem afferens),

Hor. C. 2, 7, 21.