per-torquĕo

per-torquĕo, ēre, v. a., to twist awry, to distort:

ora foedo sapore,

Lucr. 2, 401.—

To hurl, vent: quam senticosa verba pertorquet, Afran. ap. Fest. p. 339 Müll. and ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 333 ib. (Com. Rel. v. 1 Rib.).

ex-torquĕo, si, tum, 2, v. a., to twist out, wrench out, wrest away (class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

ferrum e manibus,

Cic. Cat. 2, 1, 2; id. Planc. 41, 98:

arma e manibus,

id. Brut. 2, 7; Curt. 8, 2, 4;

for which: tibi sica de manibus extorta est,

Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 16:

pedem mensulae,

Petr. 136:

ut inhaerentem atque incubantem Italiae extorqueret Hannibalem,

tear away, force away, Flor. 2, 6, 57.—

In partic.

Of limbs, to wrench out, put out of joint, dislocate (syn. luxo):

articulum,

Sen. Ep. 104:

omnibus membris extortus et fractus,

crippled, Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 9; cf. Sen. Ep. 66 med.; and:

prava extortaque puella,

Juv. 8, 33:

in servilem modum lacerati atque extorti,

i. e. dislocated by torture, tortured, Liv. 32, 38, 8; cf. absol.:

extorque, nisi ita factum'st,

put me to the torture, Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 37.—

To obtain by force, to extort (syn.:

eripio, exprimo): ut pecunia omnis Stajeno extorta atque erepta sit,

Cic. Clu. 28 fin.:

nihil exprimere ab egentibus, nihil ulla vi a miseris extorquere potuit,

id. Prov. Cons. 3, 5:

vi et metu extortum,

id. Pis. 35, 86:

a Caesare per Herodem talenta Attica quinquaginta extorsistis,

id. Att. 6, 1, 25:

obsidibus summa cum contumelia extortis,

Caes. B. G. 7, 54 fin. —

Trop., to wrest out or away, obtain or take away by force, to tear away, to extort (syn.: eripio, demo, aufero, etc.): hoc est vim afferre, Torquate, sensibus: extorquere ex animis cognitiones verborum, quibus imbuti sumus, Cic. Fin. 2, 5, 16; cf.:

sententias de manibus judicum vi quadam orationis,

id. de Or. 2, 18, 74:

suffragium populi per vim,

Liv. 25, 4, 4:

extorquebat enim vitam vis morbida membris,

Lucr. 6, 1225 Lachm.:

opinionem veritas extorquebit,

Cic. Clu. 2, 6:

suam citius abiciet humanitatem quam extorquebit tuam,

id. Lig. 5, 16:

patientiam saepe tranquillissimis pectoribus,

Sen. Clem. 1, 1; cf.:

mihi hunc errorem,

Cic. de Sen. 23, 85:

cui sic extorta voluptas,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 139; cf. ib. 57:

cum extorta mihi veritas esset,

Cic. Or. 48, 160.—With ut:

quoniam extorsisti, ut faterer,

id. Tusc. 1, 7, 14.

trĕpĭdus, a, um, adj. [root in Gr. trepô, to turn, put to flight; cf. Lat. torqueo (cf. Fest. p. 367 Müll.); prop. scared; hence], restless, agitated, anxious, solicitous, disturbed, alarmed, in a state of trepidation, etc. (not. freq. in prose till the Aug. per.;

perh. not at all in Cic. and Cæs.): tum trepidae inter se coëunt pennisque coruscant (apes),

in a hurry, Verg. G. 4, 73; so,

Dido,

id. A. 4, 642 Serv.:

hic galeam tectis trepidus rapit,

id. ib. 7, 638;

9, 233: trepidi improviso metu,

Sall. J. 97, 5; cf.:

curia maesta ac trepida ancipiti metu,

Liv. 2, 24, 3:

Romae nocturnus terror ita ex somno trepidam repente civitatem excivit,

id. 8, 37, 6:

trepidi formidine portas Explorant,

Verg. A. 9, 169; Just. 2, 13, 9. — ( b) With gen.:

illae (apes) intus trepidae rerum per cerea castra Discurrunt,

Verg. A. 12, 589:

Messenii trepidi rerum suarum,

Liv. 36, 31, 5; so,

rerum suarum,

id. 5, 11, 4:

salutis,

Sil. 12, 13:

admirationis ac metus,

Tac. A. 6, 21 fin.:

tubarum,

Stat. Th. 11, 325. —

Of things:

illud (ferrum) in trepidā submersum sibilat unda,

Ov. M. 12, 279 (Merkel, tepidā); cf.:

et foliis undam trepidi despumat aheni,

i. e. bubbling, foaming, Verg. G. 1, 296:

venae,

Ov. M. 6, 389:

pes,

id. ib. 4, 100:

ōs,

id. ib. 5, 231:

vultus,

id. ib. 4, 485:

cursus,

Verg. A. 4, 672:

terror,

Lucr. 5, 41:

metus,

Ov. Tr. 3, 1, 54; Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 15:

tumultus belli,

Lucr. 3, 846:

certamen,

Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 48:

motus,

Ov. M. 8, 606:

fletus,

id. ib. 4, 673:

in re trepidā,

in a critical situation, perilous juncture, Liv. 1, 27, 7; 4, 46, 8; 26, 5, 7; cf. in plur.:

in trepidis rebus,

id. 4, 17, 8; 4, 56, 8; Tib. 2, 3, 21; Hor. C. 3, 2, 5; Sil. 7, 1; cf. Sall. J. 91, 5:

incerta et trepida vita,

Tac. A. 14, 59; so,

vita,

id. ib. 4, 70 fin.:

litterae,

i. e. announcing danger, bringing alarming news, Curt. 7, 1, 36; so,

nuntius,

Just. 31, 2, 8.— Adv.: trĕpĭdē, hastily, in a state of confusion or alarm, with trepidation:

trepide concursans,

Phaedr. 2, 5, 2:

classis trepide soluta,

Liv. 22, 31, 5; so,

relictis castris,

id. 7, 11, 1:

deserta stativa,

id. 10, 12, 6:

trepide anxieque certare,

Suet. Ner. 23.

truncus, a, um, adj [root tark-, truc-, to break, tear; cf. torqueo], maimed, mutilated, mangled, dismembered, disfigured, deprived of some of its parts (mostly poet. and perh. not ante-Aug.; syn.: mutilus, mancus).

Lit.:

trunca manu pinus regit (Polyphemum),

i. e. the trunk of a pinetree, Verg. A. 3, 659:

trunca illa et retorrida manus Mucii,

Sen. Ep. 66, 51:

nemora,

i. e. trees stripped of their branches, Stat. Th. 4, 455:

truncas mhonesto vulnere nares,

Verg. A. 6, 497:

vultus naribus auribusque,

Mart. 2, 83, 3:

frons,

deprived of its horn, Ov. M. 9, 1; 9, 86; Sil. 3, 42:

frontem lumina truncam,

deprived of its eyes, id. 9, 400:

bracchia non habuit, truncoque repandus in undas Corpore desiluit,

deprived of its limbs, Ov. M. 3, 680; cf. Just. 2, 9, 19:

puerum trunci corporis in agro Romano natum,

Liv. 41, 9, 5:

varie ex integris truncos gigni, ex truncis integros,

Plin. 7, 11, 10, § 50:

tela,

i.e. broken in pieces, Verg. A. 11, 9; cf.:

trunci enses et fractae hastae,

Stat. Th. 2, 711:

truncum lignum, i. e. hasta fracta,

Val. Fl. 6, 251: membra carmae, Ov M. 11, 560; cf.

alnus,

without oars, Val. Fl. 2, 300:

truncae atque mutilae litterae,

Gell. 17, 9, 12:

exta,

Val. Max. 1, 6, 9.—

Poet., with gen.:

animalia trunca pedum,

without feet, Verg. G. 4, 310: truncus capitis, Sil 10, 311.—

Transf.

Of things, not developed, imperfect, or wanting in their parts:

quaedam imperfecta (animalia) suisque Trunca vident numeris,

Ov. M. 1, 428:

ranae pedibus,

id. ib. 15, 376:

ipse (nanus) jactabat truncas manus,

Prop. 4 (5), 8, 42—

Of members cut off:

bracchia,

Val. Fl. 4, 181:

manus,

Sen. Contr 1, 4.—

Trop., maimed, mutilated:

(Capua) urbs trunca, sine senatu, sine plebe, sine magistratibus,

Liv. 31, 29, 11:

pecus,

without a leader, Stat. Th. 5, 333:

manus vero, sine quibus trunca esset actio ac debilis, vix dici potest, quot motus habeant,

Quint. 11, 3, 85:

trunca et debilis medicina (sine rerum naturae cognitione), Cels. praef.: sermo (volucrum),

Stat. Th. 12, 478:

trunca quaedam ex Menandro,

fragments, Gell. 2, 23, 21.—Hence, subst.:

truncus, i, m., the stem, stock, bole, or trunk of a tree (without regard to its branches).

Lit.:

cibus... Per truncos ac per ramos diffunditur omnes,

Lucr. 1, 353:

quid? in arboribus, in quibus non truncus, non rami, non folia sunt denique, nisi, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 3, 46, 179; cf. id. Sen. 15, 52; id. N. D. 2, 47, 120; id. Lael. 13, 48; Caes. B. G. 4, 17; 7, 73, Verg. G. 2, 78; 3, 233; Hor S. 1, 8, 1; id. C. 2, 17, 27; 3, 4, 55; Ov. M. 2, 358; 8, 346; id. H. 9, 93; Col. Arb. 17, 1; Sen. Ep. 86, 17.—

Transf.

Of the human body, the trunk, the body, apart from the limbs:

status erectus et celsus, nullā mollitiā cervicum: trunco magis toto se ipse moderans,

Cic. Or. 18, 59:

nemo illum ex trunco corporis spectabat,

id. Rosc. Com. 10, 28:

recto pugnat se attollere trunco,

Ov. M. 2, 822; cf. id. ib. 7, 640:

et caput abscisum calido viventeque trunco,

Lucr. 3, 654: jacet litore truncus. Verg. A. 2, 557.—

Of a column.

The shaft, Vitr. 4, 1 med. —

The cubical trunk of a pedestal, the die or dado, Vitr. 3, 3; cf. Plin. 16, 40, 76, § 201.—

A piece cut off, as a branch of a tree for an our:

frondentes,

Val. Fl. 8, 287;

a piece of flesh for smoking (cf. trunculus),

Verg. M. 57.—

Like caudex, stipes, and the Engl. stock, for blockhead, dunce, dolt:

quī potest esse in ejusmodi trunco sapientia?

Cic. N. D. 1, 30, 84:

tamquam truncus atque stipes,

id. Pis. 9, 19. —

Trop., a trunk, stem:

quae (stirpes aegritudinis) ipso trunco everso omnes eligendae (elidendae, Kühn.) sunt,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 34, 83.

rŏto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [rota].

Act., to turn a thing round like a wheel; to swing round, whirl about ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf. torqueo).

Lit.:

Learchum bis terque per auras More rotat fundae,

Ov. M. 4, 517; cf. id. ib. 9, 217; id. A. A. 2, 374:

jactare caput et comas excutientem rotare, fanaticum est,

Quint. 11, 3, 71:

sanguineos orbes (i. e. oculos),

to roll about, Val. Fl. 4, 235: ensem fulmineum, to brandish (in order to add force to the blow), Verg. A. 9, 441:

telum,

Liv. 42, 65, 10:

telum in ora loquentis,

Stat. Th. 9, 802:

clipeum, Val Fl. 6, 551: saxa,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 6:

flammam (venti),

Lucr. 6, 202; cf.:

(venti) trudunt res ante rapidique rotanti turbine portant,

in a whirling tornado, id. 1, 295:

flammae fumum,

Hor. C. 4, 11, 11:

se in vulnus (ursa),

Luc. 6, 222:

conreptum rotatumque sternit,

Plin. 8, 16, 19, § 51.— Mid., to turn or go round in a circle, to roll round, revolve:

Tyrrheni greges circumque infraque rotantur,

Stat. Achill. 1, 56:

circum caput igne rotato,

Ov. M. 12, 296:

poterisne rotatis Obvius ire polis?

id. ib. 2, 74; cf.:

nivibus rotatis (with glomerari),

id. ib. 9, 221: sphaerico motu in orbem rotari, Macr Somn. Scip. 2, 14, 31.—

Trop.:

aut curtum sermone rotato Torqueat enthymema,

round, compact, concise, Juv. 6, 449:

sic ordinem fati rerum aeterna series rotat,

Sen. Q. N. 2, 35, 2.—

Neutr., = rotari, to turn or roll round, to revolve (very rare):

parte ex aliā, quā saxa rotantia late Impulerat torrens,

Verg. A. 10, 362 Serv. (cf.:

volventia plaustra,

id. G. 1, 163);

so of a peacock spreading its tail out like a wheel,

Col. 8, 11, 8.