not+one's+own

pĕcūlĭāris, e, adj. [peculium], of or relating to private property.

Lit.:

peculiaris causa,

concerning property, Dig. 41, 2, 44:

peculiari nomine,

on account of property, ib. 14, 12, 16.—

Transf.

One's own, belonging to one (cf. proprius):

etiam opilio, qui pascit alienas oves, aliquam habet peculiarem,

Plaut. As. 3, 1, 36:

ovem tibi dabo peculiarem,

id. Merc. 3, 1, 27:

ut peculiare aliquid in fundo pascere liceat,

Varr. R. R. 1, 17:

aedes,

Dig. 15, 1, 22; 23:

nummi,

ib. 12, 1, 31:

vinum,

ib. 33, 6, 9:

vectigalibus peculiares servos praeposuit,

belonging to him, his own, Suet. Caes. 76: prolatos manu sua e peculiaribus loculis suis id. Galb. 12.—

One's own, belonging particularly to one's self, not held in common with others; proper, special, peculiar:

venio ad Lysaniam, peculiarem tuum, Deciane, testem,

Cic. Fl. 21, 51:

hoc mihi peculiare fuerit,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 10, 3:

edictum,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 14, § 36; Liv. 3, 19, 9:

quasi proprio suo et peculiari deo,

Suet. Aug. 5:

Africae peculiare, quod in oleastro inserit,

Plin. 17, 18, 30, § 129:

haec sunt peculiaria Arabiae,

id. 12, 17, 38, § 77; 19, 8, 41, § 140:

me peculiaris quidem impedit ratio,

Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 16; 10, 2, 2:

luce peculiari nitere,

Mart. 4, 64, 8:

ut sis ei populus peculiaris,

Vulg. Deut. 26, 18:

in populum peculiarem,

id. ib. 14, 2.—

Singular, particular, extraordinary, peculiar (post-Aug.):

peculiari merito,

Suet. Vit. 4:

peculiare munus,

Just. 36, 4, 3.— Adv.: pĕcūlĭārĭ-ter.

As private property:

quaedam etiam ignorantes possidemus, id est quae servi peculiariter paraverunt,

Dig. 41, 2, 3; 20, 6, 8.—

Especially, particularly, peculiarly:

folia peculiariter cruribus vitiosis utilia,

Plin. 26, 8, 33, § 50:

medicinae peculiariter curiosus,

id. 25, 2, 3, § 7; Quint. 1, 2, 16; 11, 3, 130; 8, 2, 8 (but in Plin. 36, 20, 37, § 145, the correct read. is peculiaris, not peculiarius; v Sillig ad h. l.).

pĕcūlĭāris, e, adj. [peculium], of or relating to private property.

Lit.:

peculiaris causa,

concerning property, Dig. 41, 2, 44:

peculiari nomine,

on account of property, ib. 14, 12, 16.—

Transf.

One's own, belonging to one (cf. proprius):

etiam opilio, qui pascit alienas oves, aliquam habet peculiarem,

Plaut. As. 3, 1, 36:

ovem tibi dabo peculiarem,

id. Merc. 3, 1, 27:

ut peculiare aliquid in fundo pascere liceat,

Varr. R. R. 1, 17:

aedes,

Dig. 15, 1, 22; 23:

nummi,

ib. 12, 1, 31:

vinum,

ib. 33, 6, 9:

vectigalibus peculiares servos praeposuit,

belonging to him, his own, Suet. Caes. 76: prolatos manu sua e peculiaribus loculis suis id. Galb. 12.—

One's own, belonging particularly to one's self, not held in common with others; proper, special, peculiar:

venio ad Lysaniam, peculiarem tuum, Deciane, testem,

Cic. Fl. 21, 51:

hoc mihi peculiare fuerit,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 10, 3:

edictum,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 14, § 36; Liv. 3, 19, 9:

quasi proprio suo et peculiari deo,

Suet. Aug. 5:

Africae peculiare, quod in oleastro inserit,

Plin. 17, 18, 30, § 129:

haec sunt peculiaria Arabiae,

id. 12, 17, 38, § 77; 19, 8, 41, § 140:

me peculiaris quidem impedit ratio,

Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 16; 10, 2, 2:

luce peculiari nitere,

Mart. 4, 64, 8:

ut sis ei populus peculiaris,

Vulg. Deut. 26, 18:

in populum peculiarem,

id. ib. 14, 2.—

Singular, particular, extraordinary, peculiar (post-Aug.):

peculiari merito,

Suet. Vit. 4:

peculiare munus,

Just. 36, 4, 3.— Adv.: pĕcūlĭārĭ-ter.

As private property:

quaedam etiam ignorantes possidemus, id est quae servi peculiariter paraverunt,

Dig. 41, 2, 3; 20, 6, 8.—

Especially, particularly, peculiarly:

folia peculiariter cruribus vitiosis utilia,

Plin. 26, 8, 33, § 50:

medicinae peculiariter curiosus,

id. 25, 2, 3, § 7; Quint. 1, 2, 16; 11, 3, 130; 8, 2, 8 (but in Plin. 36, 20, 37, § 145, the correct read. is peculiaris, not peculiarius; v Sillig ad h. l.).

stătŭo, ui, utum, 3, v. a. [statum, sup. of sto], to cause to stand (cf.: colloco, pono).

Corporeally.

To cause to stand, set up, set, station, fix in an upright position.

To set up, set in the ground, erect:

ibi arbores pedicino in lapide statuito,

Cato, R. R. 18:

inter parietes arbores ubi statues,

id. ib.:

stipites statuito,

id. ib.:

palis statutis crebris,

Varr. R. R. 1, 14 init.:

pedamenta jacentia statuenda,

are to be raised, Col. 4, 26:

pedamentum inter duas vitis,

Plin. 17, 22, 21, § 194:

hic statui volo primum aquilam,

the standard of the troops, Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 7:

signifer, statue signum,

plant the ensign, Liv. 5, 55, 1; Val. Max. 1, 5, 1.—

To plant (rare):

eodem modo vineam statuito, alligato, flexatoque uti fuerit,

Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 198:

agro qui statuit meo Te, triste lignum (i. e. arborem),

Hor. C. 2, 13, 10.—

In gen., to place, set or fix, set up, set forth things or persons.

Without specifying the place:

ollam statuito cum aqua,

let a jar stand with water, Cato, R. R. 156 (157):

crateras magnos statuunt, i. e. on the table,

Verg. A. 1, 724; so,

crateras laeti statuunt,

id. ib. 7, 147: haec carina satis probe fundata et bene statuta est, well placed, i. e. so that the hull stands perpendicularly (cf.:

bene lineatam carinam collocavit, v. 42),

Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 44:

nec quidquam explicare, nec statuere potuerant, nec quod statutum esset, manebat, omnia perscindente vento,

Liv. 21, 58, 7:

eo die tabernacula statui passus non est,

to pitch, Caes. B. C. 1, 81; so, aciem statuere, to draw up an army:

aciem quam arte statuerat, latius porrigit,

Sall. J. 52, 6.—

With designation of the place by in and abl.; by adv. of place; by ante, apud, ad, circa, super, and acc.; by pro and abl.; by abl. alone (very rare), or by in and acc. (very rare): signa domi pro supellectile statuere, Cato ap. Prisc. 7, 19, 95 (p. 782 P.):

statuite hic lectulos,

Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 7:

etiamsi in caelo Capitolium statueretur,

Cic. Or. 3, 46, 180:

statuitur Sollius in illo gladiatorum convivio... atuitur, ut dico, eques Romanus in Apronii convivio,

is taken to the banquet, id. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 61 sq.:

tabernacula in foro statuere,

Liv. 39, 46, 3:

in principiis statuit tabernaculum,

Nep. Eum. 7, 1:

in nostris castris tibi tabernaculum statue,

Curt. 5, 11, 6; 8, 13, 20:

statui in medium undique conspicuum tabernaculum jussit,

id. 9, 6, 1:

(sagittae) longae, nisi prius in terra statuerent arcum, haud satis apte imponuntur,

id. 8, 14, 19:

sedes curules sacerdotum Augustalium locis, superque eas querceae coronae statuerentur,

Tac. A. 2, 83:

donum deae apud Antium statuitur,

id. ib. 3, 71:

pro rigidis calamos columnis,

Ov. F. 3, 529:

jamque ratem Scythicis auster statuisset in oris,

Val. Fl. 3, 653:

statuere vas in loco frigido,

Pall. Oct. 22.—Of living beings:

capite in terram statuerem, Ut cerebro dispergat viam,

Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 18:

qui capite ipse sua in statuit vestigia sese (= qui sese ipse capite in sua vestigia statuit),

i. e. stands on his head, Lucr. 4, 472:

patrem ejus a mortuis excitasses, statuisses ante oculos,

Cic. Or. 1, 57, 245:

captivos vinctos in medio statuit,

Liv. 21, 42, 1:

ubi primum equus Curtium in vado statuit,

id. 1, 13, 5:

quattuor cohortes in fronte statuit,

id. 28, 33, 12:

ante se statuit funditores,

id. 42, 58, 10:

puerum ad canendum ante tibicinem cum statuisset,

id. 7, 2, 9:

procul in conspectu eum (Philopoemenem) statuerunt,

id. 39, 49, 11:

media porta robora legionum, duabus circa portis milites levemque armaturam statuit,

id. 23, 16, 8:

bovem ad fanum Dianae et ante aram statuit,

id. 1, 45, 6:

cum Calchanta circa aram statuisset,

Val. Max. 8, 11, ext. 6:

marium si qui eo loci statuisset,

id. 3, 1, 2 fin.:

adulescentes ante Caesarem statuunt,

Tac. A. 4, 8:

in fronte statuerat ferratos, in cornibus cohortes,

id. ib. 3, 45:

puer quis Ad cyathum statuetur?

Hor. C. 1, 29, 8:

tu cum pro vitula statuis dulcem Aulide natam Ante aras,

id. S. 2, 3, 199:

et statuam ante aras aurata fronte juvencum,

Verg. A. 9, 627:

clara regione profundi Aetheros innumeri statuerunt agmina cygni,

Stat. Th. 3, 525.—

Pregn., to construct and place, to set up after constructing, to erect, make.

Of statues, temples, columns, altars, trophies, etc.; constr. with acc. alone, or acc. of the structure and dat. of the person for whom or in whose honor it is erected:

siquidem mihi aram et statuam statuis,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 122:

huic statuam statui decet ex auro,

id. Bacch. 4, 4, 1:

ne ego aurea pro statua vineam tibi statuam,

id. Curc. 1, 2, 52:

eique statuam equestrem in rostris statui placere,

Cic. Phil. 5, 15, 41; so id. ib. 9, 5, 10; 9, 7, 16; id. Verr. 2, 2, 62, § 151; 2, 2, 20, § 48; so,

simulacrum alicui statuere,

Val. Max. 1, 1, 8:

effigiem,

Verg. A. 2, 184:

Mancinus eo habitu sibi statuit quo, etc. (effigiem),

Plin. 34, 5, 10, § 18:

simulacrum in curia,

Tac. A. 14, 12:

quanam in civitate tempium statueretur,

id. ib. 4, 55:

se primos templum urbis Romae statuisse,

id. ib. 4, 56; so id. ib. 4, 15:

nec tibi de Pario statuam, Germanice, templum,

Ov. P. 4, 8, 31:

templa tibi statuam, tribuam tibi turis honorem,

id. M. 14, 128:

super terrae tumulum noluit quid statui nisi columellam,

Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 66:

victimas atque aras diis Manibus statuentes,

Tac. A. 3, 2:

statuitque aras e cespite,

Ov. M. 7, 240:

statuantur arae,

Sen. Med. 579:

aeneum statuerunt tropaeum,

Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 69:

monumentum,

id. ib. § 70; so,

in alio orbe tropaea statuere,

Curt. 7, 7, 14;

so,

Plin. 3, 3, 4, § 18: ut illum di perdant qui primus statuit hic solarium, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Gell. 3, 3, 5:

princeps Romanis solarium horologium statuisse L. Papirius Cursor proditur,

Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 213:

a miliario in capite Romani fori statuto,

id. 3, 5, 9, § 66:

carceres eo anno in Circo primum statuti,

Liv. 8, 20, 1:

quo molem hanc immanis equi statuere?

Verg. A. 2, 150:

multo altiorem statui crucem jussit,

Suet. Galb. 9:

obeliscam,

Plin. 36, 9, 14, § 71:

at nunc disturba quas statuisti machinas,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 137:

incensis operibus quae statuerat,

Nep. Milt. 7, 4:

si vallum statuitur procul urbis illecebris,

Tac. A. 4, 2:

castra in quinto lapide a Carthagine statuit,

Just. 22, 6, 9.—

Poet. and in post-class. prose (rare):

aliquem statuere = alicui statuam statuere: inter et Aegidas media statuaris in urbe,

Ov. H. 2, 67:

statuarque tumulo hilaris et coronatus,

my statue will be erected, Tac. Dial. 13; so with two acc.: custodem medio statuit quam vilicus horto, whose statue he placed as protectress, etc., Mart. 3, 68, 9; cf.

in double sense: nudam te statuet, i. e. nudam faciet (= nudabit fortunis), and statuam tibi nu dam faciet,

Mart. 4, 28, 8.—

Of cities, etc., to establish, found, build (in class. prose usu. condo):

Agamemnon tres ibi urbes statuit,

Vell. 1, 1, 2:

urbem quam statuo vestra est,

Verg. A. 1, 573:

urbom praeclaram,

id. ib. 4, 655:

Persarum statuit Babylona Semiramis urbem,

Prop. 3, 11 (4, 10), 21:

ibi civitatem statuerunt,

Just. 23, 1; so,

licentia et impunitas asyla statuendi (= aperiendi),

Tac. A. 3, 60.—Hence, transf.: carmen statuere = carmen condere, to compose, devise a song:

nunc volucrum... inexpertum carmen, quod tacita statuere bruma,

Stat. S. 4, 5, 12.—

To cause to stand still, to stop (rare; cf.

sisto, III. B.): navem extemplo statuimus,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 57:

et statuit fessos, fessus et ipse, boves,

Prop. 4 (5), 9, 4:

famuli hoc modo statuerunt aquas,

Arn. 1, p. 30: sanguinem, Oct. Hor. 4.—

To cause to stand firm, strengthen, support (rare; = stabilire), only transf.: qui rem publicam certo animo adjuverit, statuerit, Att. ap. Cic. Sest. 56, 120 (Trag. Rel. v. 357 Rib.).

Trop.

To establish, constitute (= constituo).

Esp.: exemplum or documentum (v. edo fin., and cf. Sen. Phoen. 320), to set forth an example or precedent for warning or imitation:

statuite exemplum impudenti, date pudori praemium,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 2, 6:

exemplum statuite in me ut adulescentuli Vobis placere studeant potius quam sibi,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 51; Auct. Her. 4, 35, 47:

ut illi intellegere possint, in quo homine statueris exemplum hujus modi,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 45, § 111:

in quos aliquid exempli populus Romanus statui putat oportere,

id. ib. 2, 3, 90, §

210: statuam in te exemplum, ne quis posthac infelicibus miseriis patriae illudat,

Just. 8, 7, 14:

documentum autem statui oportere, si quis resipiscat et antiquam societatem respiciat,

Liv. 24, 45, 5: statueretur immo [p. 1753] documentum, quo uxorem imperator acciperet, a precedent, Tac. A. 12, 6.—

Jus statuere, to establish a principle or relation of law:

ut (majores nostri) omnia omnium rerum jura statuerint,

Cic. Caecin. 12, 34: qui magistratum potestatemve habebit, si quid in aliquem novi juris statuerit, ipse quoque, adversario postulante, eodem jure uti debebit, if he has established any new principle of law, Edict. Praet. in Dig. 2, 2, 1, § 1:

si quid injungere inferiori velis, id prius in te ac tuos si ipse juris statueris, facilius omnes oboedientes habeas,

if you first admit it against yourself, Liv. 26, 36, 3:

si dicemus in omnibus aequabile jus statui convenire,

equal principles of law should be applied to all, Auct. Her. 3, 3, 4. —

In gen., to establish by authority (of relations, institutions, rights, duties, etc.):

(Numa) omnis partis religionis statuit sanctissime,

Cic. Rep. 2, 14, 26:

hoc judicium sic exspectatur ut non unae rei statui, sed omnibus constitui putetur,

id. Tull. 15, 36:

ad formandos animos statuendasque vitae leges, Quint. prooem. 14: sic hujus (virtutis) ut caelestium statuta magnitudo est,

Sen. Ep. 79, 10:

vectigal etiam novum ex salaria annona statuerunt,

Liv. 29, 37, 2:

novos statuere fines,

id. 42, 24, 8:

neque eos quos statuit terminos observat,

id. 21, 44, 5:

quibus rebus cum pax statuta esset,

Just. 5, 10, 8; so id. 25, 1, 1:

sedesque ibi statuentibus,

id. 18, 5, 11.—

With double acc., to constitute, appoint, create:

Hirtius arbitrum me statuebat non modo hujus rei, sed totius consulatus sui,

Cic. Att. 14, 1, a, 2:

telluris erum natura nec illum, nec quemquam constituit,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 130:

de principatu (vinorum) se quisque judicem statuet,

Plin. 14, 6, 8, § 59:

praefectus his statuitur Andragoras,

Just. 21, 4, 5.—

To determine, fix, etc. (of temporal or local relations); constr. usually with acc. and dat. or acc. and gen.

Modum statuere alicui or alicujus rei, to determine the manner, mode, or measure of, assign limits, restrictions or restraints to a thing or person, to impose restraints upon.

With dat.:

diuturnitati imperii modum statuendum putavistis,

that a limit should be assigned to the duration of his power, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 26:

statui mihi tum modum et orationi meae,

imposed restraints upon myself and my words, id. Verr. 2, 5, 63, § 163:

non statuendo felicitati modum, nec cohibendo fortunam,

by not assigning any limits to his success, Liv. 30, 30, 23 (Pompeium) affirmabant, libertati publicae statuturum modum, Vell. 2, 40:

cupidinibus statuat natura modum,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 111:

quem modum sibi ipsa statuit (crudelitas)?

Val. Max. 9, 2 pr.:

modum ipsae res statuunt (i. e. sibi),

Plin. 28, 15, 61, § 216:

modum nuptiarum sumptibus statuerunt,

Just. 21, 4, 5:

timori quem meo statuam modum?

Sen. Thyest. 483;

and with finem: jam statui aerumnis modum et finem cladi,

id. Herc. Fur. 206. —

With gen.:

honestius te inimicitiarum modum statuere potuisse quam me humanitatis,

Cic. Sull. 17, 48:

ipse modum statuam carminis,

Ov. Tr. 1, 11, 44:

errorisque sui sic statuisse modum,

Prop. 3, 12 (4, 11), 36:

modum statuunt fellis pondere denarii,

they limit the quantity of the gall to the weight of a denarius, Plin. 28, 19, 77, § 254.—

Condicionem or legem alicui, to impose a condition or law upon one, to dictate, assign a condition to:

hanc tu condicionem statuis Gaditanis,

Cic. Balb. 10, 25:

providete ne duriorem vobis condicionem statuatis ordinique vestro quam ferre possit,

id. Rab. Post. 6, 15:

alter eam sibi legem statuerat ut, etc.,

id. Phil. 10, 6, 12: pretio statuta lege ne modum excederet, etc., the law being assigned to the price that not, etc., i. e. the price being limited by the law, etc., Plin. 33, 7, 40, § 118:

pacis legem universae Graeciae statuit,

Just. 9, 5, 2.—So with ellipsis of dat., to agree upon, stipulate:

statutis condicionibus,

Just. 6, 1, 3:

omnibus consentientibus Carthago conditur, statuto annuo vectigali pro solo urbis,

id. 18, 5, 14. —

Finem, to assign or put an end to, make an end of:

haud opinor commode Finem statuisse orationi militem,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 21:

et finem statuit cuppedinis atque timoris,

Lucr. 6, 25:

cum Fulvius Flaccus finem poenae eorum statuere cogeretur,

Val. Max. 3, 2, ext. 1: majores vestri omnium magnarum rerum et principia exorsi ab diis sunt, et finem statuerunt, finished, Liv. 45, 39, 10; so,

terminum: nam templis numquam statuetur terminus aevi,

Stat. S. 3, 1, 180:

cum consilii tui bene fortiterque suscepti eum tibi finem statueris, quem ipsa fortuna terminum nostrarum contentionum esse voluisset,

since you have assigned that end, Cic. Fam. 6, 22, 2.—

Pretium alicui rei, to assign a price to something; fix, determine the price of something:

quae probast mers, pretium ei statuit,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 132:

numquam avare pretium statui arti meae,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 48:

statuit frumento pretium,

Tac. A. 2, 87; so with dat. understood:

ut eos (obsides) pretio quantum ipsi statuissent patres redimi paterentur,

Liv. 45, 42, 7:

pretium statuit (i. e. vecturae et sali),

id. 45, 29, 13; so with in and acc.: ut in singulas amphoras (vini) centeni nummi statuantur, that the price may be set down at 100 sesterces for an amphora, Plin. 14, 4, 6, § 56.—

Statuere diem, horam, tempus, locum alicui rei, or alicui, or with dat. gerund., to assign or appoint a day, time, place, etc. (for the more usual diem dicere):

statutus est comitiis dies,

Liv. 24, 27, 1:

diem patrando facinori statuerat,

id. 35, 35, 15:

multitudini diem statuit ante quam sine fraude liceret ab armis discedere,

Sall. C. 36, 2:

dies insidiis statuitur,

id. J. 70, 3:

ad tempus locumque colloquio statuendum,

Liv. 28, 35, 4:

subverti leges quae sua spatia (= tempora) quaerendis aut potiundis honoribus statuerint,

Tac. A. 2, 36.—With ellipsis of dat.:

observans quem statuere diem,

Mart. 4, 54, 6:

noctem unam poscit: statuitur nox,

Tac. A. 13, 44.—Esp. in the part. statutus, fixed, appointed (in MSS. and edd. often confounded with status; v. sisto fin.):

institum ut quotannis... libri diebus statutis (statis) recitarentur,

Suet. Claud. 42:

ut die statuta omnes equos ante regiam producerent,

Just. 1, 10, 1:

quaedam (genera) statutum tempus anni habent,

Plin. 17, 18, 30, § 135:

fruges quoque maturitatem statuto tempore expectant,

Curt. 6, 3, 7:

sacrificium non esse redditum statuto tempore,

id. 8, 2, 6:

statuto tempore quo urbem Mithridati traderet,

Just. 16, 4, 9:

cum ad statutam horam omnes convenissent,

id. 1, 10, 8:

intra tempus statutum,

fixed by the law, Dig. 4, 4, 19 and 20.—

To recount, count up, state (very rare): statue sex et quinquaginta annos, quibus mox divus Augustus rempublicam rexit: adice Tiberii tres et viginti... centum et viginti anni colliguntur, count, fix the number at, Tac. Or. 17:

Cinyphiae segetis citius numerabis aristas... quam tibi nostrorum statuatur summa laborum,

Ov. P. 2, 7, 29.—

To decide, determine, with reference to a result, to settle, fix, bring about, choose, make a decision.

Of disputes, differences, questions, etc., between others.

With interrog.-clause:

ut statuatis hoc judicio utrum posthac amicitias clarorum virorum calamitati hominibus an ornamento esse malitis,

Cic. Balb. 28, 65:

eam potestatem habetis ut statuatis utrum nos... semper miseri lugeamus, an, etc.,

id. Mil. 2, 4:

in hoc homine statuatis, possitne senatoribus judicantibus homo nocentissim us pecuniosissimusque damnari,

id. Verr. 1, 16, 47:

vos statuite, recuperatores, utra (sententia) utilior esse videatur,

id. Caecin. 27, 77:

decidis tu statuisque quid iis ad denarium solveretur,

id. Quint. 4, 17:

magni esse judicis statuere quid quemque cuique praestare oporteret,

id. Off. 3, 17, 70:

mihi vero Pompeius statuisse videtur quid vos in judicando spectare oporteret,

id. Mil. 6, 15:

semel (senatus) statuerent quid donatum Masinissae vellent,

Liv. 42, 23:

nec quid faciendum modo sit statuunt, sed, etc.,

decide, dictate, id. 44, 22:

nondum statuerat conservaret eum necne,

Nep. Eum. 11, 2:

statutumque (est) quantum curules, quantum plebei pignoris caperent,

Tac. A. 13, 28: semel nobis esse statuendum quod consilium in illo sequamur, August. ap. Suet. Claud. 4. —

With de:

ut consules de Caesaris actis cognoscerent, statuerent, judicarent,

Cic. Att. 16, 16, B, 8:

et collegas suos de religione statuisse, in senatu de lege statuturos,

id. ib. 4, 2, 4:

ut de absente eo C. Licinius statueret ac judicaret,

Liv. 42, 22:

si de summa rerum liberum senatui permittat rex statuendi jus,

id. 42, 62: qui ab exercitu ab imperatore eove cui de ea re statuendi potestas fuerit, dimissus erit, Edict. Praet. in Dig. 3, 2, 1.—Often with reference to punishment:

cum de P. Lentulo ceterisque statuetis, pro certo habetote, vos simul de exercitu Catilinae decernere,

Sall. C. 52, 17:

satis visum de Vestilia statuere,

to pass sentence against, Tac. A. 2, 85:

jus statuendi de procuratoribus,

id. ib. 12, 54:

facta patribus potestate statuendi de Caeciliano,

id. ib. 6, 7; so id. ib. 13, 28; cf. id. ib. 15, 14; 2, 85; Suet. Tib. 61 fin. —In partic.: de se statuere, to decide on, or dispose of one's self, i. e. of one's life, = to commit suicide:

eorum qui de se statuebant humabantur corpora,

Tac. A. 6, 29.—

With de and abl. and interrog.-clause:

si quibusdam populis permittendum esse videatur ut statuant ipsi de suis rebus quo jure uti velint,

Cic. Balb. 8, 22.—

With contra:

consequeris tamen ut eos ipsos quos contra statuas aequos placatosque dimittas,

Cic. Or. 10, 34. —

With indef. obj., usu. a neutr. pron.:

utrum igitur hoc Graeci statuent... an nostri praetores?

Cic. Fl. 12, 27:

dixisti quippiam: fixum (i. e. id) et statutum est,

id. Mur. 30, 62:

eoque utrique quod statuit contenti sunt,

Caes. B. C. 1, 87:

senatus, ne quid absente rege statueret,

Liv. 39, 24, 13:

maturato opus est, quidquid statuere placet (senatui),

id. 8, 13, 17:

id ubi in P. Licinio ita statutum est,

id. 41, 15, 10:

interrogatus quid ipse victorem statuere debere censeret,

Curt. 8, 14, 43:

quid in futurum statuerim, aperiam,

Tac. A. 4, 37:

utque rata essent quae procuratores sui in judicando statuerent,

Suet. Claud. 12;

qul statuit aliquid parte inaudita altera, aequum licet statuerit, haud aequus fuit,

Sen. Med. 2, 199:

non ergo quod libet statuere arbiter potest,

Dig. 4, 8, 32, § 15; cf.:

earum rerum quas Caesar statuisset, decrevisset, egisset,

Cic. Att. 16, 16, C, 11.—

With de or super and abl.:

vos de crudelissimis parricidis quid statuatis cunctamini?

Sall. C. 52, 31:

nihil super ea re nisi ex voluntate filii statuere,

Suet. Tib. 13:

ne quid super tanta re absente principe statueretur,

Tac. H. 4, 9.—

Absol., mostly pass. impers.:

ita expediri posse consilium ut pro merito cujusque statueretur,

Liv. 8, 14, 1:

tunc ut quaeque causa erit statuetis,

id. 3, 53, 10:

non ex rumore statuendum,

decisions should not be founded on rumors, Tac. A. 3, 69.—

With cognoscere, to examine ( officially) and decide:

petit ut vel ipse de eo causa cognita statuat, vel civitatem statuere jubeat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 19:

consuli ut cognosceret statueretque senatus permiserat,

Liv. 39, 3, 2:

missuros qui de eorum controversiis cognoscerent statuerentque,

id. 40, 20, 1; 45, 13, 11:

quod causa cognita erit statuendum,

Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 8.—

With reference to the mind of the subject, to decide, to make up one's mind, conclude, determine, be convinced, usu. with interrog.clause:

numquam intellegis, statuendum tibi esse, utrum illi homicidae sint an vindices libertatis,

Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 30:

illud mirum videri solet, tot homines... statuere non potuisse, utrum judicem an arbitrum, rem an litem dici oporteret,

id. Mur. 12, 27:

neque tamen possum statuere, utrum magis mirer, etc.,

id. de Or. 3, 22, 82:

ipsi statuerent, quo tempore possent suo jure arma capere,

id. Tull. 5, 12:

ut statuerem quid esset faciendum,

id. Att. 7, 26, 3:

statuere enim qui sit sapiens, vel maxime videtur esse sapientis,

id. Ac. 2, 3, 9:

si habes jam statutum quid tibi agendum putes,

id. Fam. 4, 2, 4:

tu quantum tribuendum nobis putes statuas ipse, et, ut spero, statues ex nostra dignitate,

id. ib. 5, 8, 4:

vix statui posse utrum quae pro se, an quae contra fratrem petiturus esset ab senatu magis impetrabilia forent,

Liv. 45, 19, 6:

quam satis statuerat, utram foveret partem,

id. 42, 29, 11:

posse ipsam Liviam statuere, nubendum post Drusum, an, etc.,

Tac. A. 4, 40:

statue quem poenae extrahas,

Sen. Troad. 661.—So with apud animum, to make up one's mind:

vix statuere apud animum meum possum atrum pejor ipsa res an pejore exemplo agatur,

Liv. 34, 2, 4:

proinde ipsi primum statuerent apud animos quid vellent,

id. 6, 39, 11.—Rarely with neutr, pron. as object:

quidquid nos de communi sententia statuerimus,

Cic. Fam. 4, 1, 2:

sic statue, quidquid statuis, ut causam famamque tuam in arto stare scias,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 1306.—

To decree, order, prescribe.

With ut or ne: statuunt ut decem milia hominum in oppidum submittantur, [p. 1754] Caes. B. G. 7, 21:

eos (Siculos) statuisse ut hoc quod dico postularet,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 103:

statuunt illi atque decernunt ut eae litterae... removerentur,

id. ib. 2, 2, 71, §

173: statuit iste ut arator... vadimonium promitteret,

id. ib. 2, 3, 15, §

38: orare patres ut statuerent ne absentium nomina reciperentur,

id. ib. 2, 2, 42, §

103: statuitur ne post M. Brutum proconsulem sit Creta provincia,

id. Phil. 2, 38, 97:

(Tiberius) auxit patrum honorem statuendo ut qui ad senatum provocavissent, etc.,

Tac. A. 14, 28:

statuiturque (a senatu) ut... in servitute haberentur,

id. ib. 12, 53.—So of a decree, determination, or agreement by several persons or parties to be carried out by each of them:

statutum esse (inter plebem et Poenos) ut... impedimenta diriperent,

Liv. 23, 16, 6:

Athenienses cum statuerent, ut urbe relicta naves conscenderent,

Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48:

statuunt ut fallere custodes tentent,

Ov. M. 4, 84.—

With acc. (post-Aug.):

remedium statuere,

to prescribe a remedy against public abuses, Tac. A. 3, 28; 6, 4:

Caesar ducentesimam (vectigalis) in posterum statuit,

decreed that one half of one per cent. be the tax, id. ib. 2, 42.—So with sic (= hoc):

sic, di, statuistis,

Ov. M. 4, 661.—

With dat. and acc. (not ante-Aug.):

eis (Vestalibus) stipendium de publico statuit,

decreed, allowed a salary, Liv. 1, 20, 3:

Aurelio quoque annuam pecuniam statuit princeps,

decreed, granted, Tac. A. 13, 34:

biduum criminibus obiciendis statuitur,

are allowed, id. ib. 3, 13:

itaque et alimenta pueris statuta... et patribus praemia statuta,

Just. 12, 4, 8:

ceu Aeolus insanis statuat certamina ventis,

Stat. Th. 6, 300:

non hoc statui sub tempore rebus occasum Aeoniis,

id. ib. 7, 219:

statuere alicui munera,

Val. Fl. 2, 566.—

With dat. and interrog.-clause:

cur his quoque statuisti quantum ex hoc genere frumenti darent,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 21, § 53:

ordo iis quo quisque die supplicarent, statutus,

Liv. 7, 28, 8.—

In partic., of punishment, etc., to decree, measure out, inflict.

With poenam, etc., with or without in and acc. pers. (mostly post-Aug.):

considerando... in utra (lege) major poena statuatur,

Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 145:

poenam statui par fuisse,

Tac. A. 14, 49:

qui non judicium, sed poenam statui videbant,

id. ib. 11, 6:

eadem poena in Catum Firmium statuitur,

id. ib. 6, 31:

senatu universo in socios facinoris ultimam statuente poenam,

Suet. Caes. 14;

so with mercedem (= poenam): debuisse gravissimam temeritatis mercedem statui,

Liv. 39, 55, 3; cf.

also: Thrasea, non quidquid nocens reus pati mereretur, id egregio sub principe statuendum disseruit,

Tac. A. 14, 48.— Absol.:

non debere eripi patribus vim statuendi (sc. poenas),

Tac. A. 3, 70.—

With indef. obj., generally with in and acc.: aliquid gravius in aliquem, to proceed severely against:

obsecrare coepit, ne quid gravius in fratrem statueret,

Caes. B. G. 1, 20:

fac aliquid gravius in Hejum statuisse Mamertinos,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 9, § 19:

res monet cavere ab illis magis quam quid in illos statuamus consultare,

Sall. C. 52, 3:

qui cum triste aliquid statuit, fit tristis et ipse,

Ov. P. 2, 2, 119:

si quid ob eam rem de se crudelius statuerent,

Just. 2, 15, 10.—

With a word expressing the kind of punishment (post-Aug.):

in Pompeiam Sabinam exilium statuitur,

Tac. A. 6, 24 (18).—

De capite, to pass sentence of death:

legem illam praeclaram quae de capite civis Romani nisi comitiis centuriatis statui vetaret,

Cic. Rep. 2, 36, 61.—

Referring to one's own acts, to resolve, determine, purpose, to propose, with inf. (first in Cic.;

freq. and class.): statuit ab initio et in eo perseveravit, jus publicano non dicere,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 5, 10:

P. Clodius cum statuisset omni scelere in praetura vexare rem publicam,

id. Mil. 9, 24:

statuerat excusare,

to decline the office, id. Lig. 7, 21:

cum statuissem scribere ad te aliquid,

id. Off. 1, 2, 4:

quod iste certe statuerat et deliberaverat non adesse,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 1:

se statuisse animum advertere in omnes nauarchos,

id. ib. 2, 5, 40, §

105: nam statueram in perpetuum tacere,

id. Fam. 4, 4, 4:

statueram... nihil de illo dicere,

id. Fragm. Clod. 1, 1:

statueram recta Appia Romam (i. e. venire),

id. Att. 16, 10, 1:

Pompeius statuerat bello decertare,

Caes. B. C. 3, 86: si cedere hinc statuisset, Liv. 44, 39, 7:

triumphare mense Januario statuerat,

id. 39, 15:

immemor sim propositi quo statui non ultra attingere externa nisi qua Romanis cohaererent rebus,

id. 39, 48:

rex quamquam dissimulare statuerat,

id. 42, 21:

opperiri ibi hostium adventum statuit,

id. 42, 54, 9:

ut statuisse non pugnare consules cognitum est,

id. 2, 45, 9:

exaugurare fana statuit,

id. 1, 55, 2:

Delphos mittere statuit,

id. 1, 56, 5:

eos deducere in agros statuerunt,

id. 40, 38, 2:

tradere se, ait, moenia statuisse,

id. 8, 25, 10:

Samnitium exercitus certamine ultimo fortunam experiri statuit,

id. 7, 37, 4:

statuit sic adfectos hosti non obicere,

id. 44, 36, 2:

sub idem tempus statuit senatus Carthaginem excidere,

Vell. 1, 12, 2:

statui pauca disserere,

Tac. H. 4, 73:

amoliri juvenem specie honoris statuit,

id. A. 2, 42:

statuerat urbem novam condere,

Curt. 4, 8, 1:

statuerat parcere urbi conditae a Cyro,

id. 7, 6, 20:

rex statuerat inde abire,

id. 7, 11, 4:

Alexander statuerat ex Syria petere Africam,

id. 10, 1, 17; 10, 5, 24; 5, 27 (9), 13; so,

statutum habere cum animo ac deliberatum,

to have firmly and deliberately resolved, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 41, § 95.—With sic:

caedis initium fecisset a me, sic enim statuerat,

id. Phil. 3, 7, 29.—

To judge, declare as a judgment, be of opinion, hold (especially of legal opinions), think, consider (always implying the establishment of a principle, or a decided conviction; cf.: existimo, puto, etc.).

With acc. and inf.

In gen.:

senatus consulta falsa delata ab eo judicavimus... leges statuimus per vim et contra auspicia latas,

Cic. Phil. 12, 5, 12:

statuit senatus hoc ne illi quidem esse licitum cui concesserat omnia,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 35, § 81:

quin is tamen (judex) statuat fieri non posse ut de isto non severissime judicetur,

id. ib. 2, 3, 62, §

144: hujusce rei vos (recuperatores) statuetis nullam esse actionem qui obstiterit armatis hominibus?

id. Caecin. 13, 39, ut quisquam juris numeretur peritus, qui id statuit esse jus quod non oporteat judicari, who holds that to be the law, id. ib. 24, 68:

is (Pompeius) se in publico statuit esse non posse,

id. Pis. 13, 29:

tu unquam tantam plagam tacitus accipere potuisses, nisi hoc ita statuisses, quidquid dixisses te deterius esse facturum?

id. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 133:

si causa cum causa contenderet, nos nostram perfacile cuivis probaturos statuebamus,

we were sure, id. Quint. 30, 92:

non statuit sibi quidquam licere quod non patrem suum facere vidisset,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 90, § 211:

hi sibi nullam societatem communis utilitatis causa statuunt esse cum civibus,

assume, id. Off. 3, 6, 28:

cum igitur statuisset opus esse ad eam rem constituendam pecunia,

had become convinced, id. ib. 2, 23, 82:

quo cive neminem ego statuo in hac re publica esse fortiorem,

id. Planc. 21, 51:

quam quidem laudem sapientiae statuo esse maximam,

id. Fam. 5, 13, 1:

hoc anno statuit temporis esse satis,

Ov. F. 1, 34:

nolim statuas me mente maligna id facere,

Cat. 67, 37.— So with sic:

velim sic statuas tuas mihi litteras longissimas quasque gratissimas fore,

Cic. Fam. 7, 33 fin.:

ego sic statuo a me in hac causa pietatis potius quam defensionis partes esse susceptas,

I hold, lay down as the principle of my defence, id. Sest. 2, 3:

quod sic statuit omnino consularem legem nullam putare,

id. ib. 64, 135:

sic statuo et judico, neminem tot et tanta habuisse ornamenta dicendi,

id. Or. 2, 28, 122. —Hence, statui, I have judged, i. e. I know, and statueram, I had judged, i. e. I knew:

ut ego qui in te satis consilii statuerim esse, mallem Peducaeum tibi consilium dare quam me, ironically,

Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4:

qui saepe audissent, nihil esse pulchrius quam Syracusarum moenia, statuerant se, si ea Verre praetore non vidissent, numquam esse visuros,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 36, § 95.—With neutr. pron.:

si dicam non recte aliquid statuere eos qui consulantur,

that they hold an erroneous opinion, Cic. Caecin. 24, 68; cf.:

quis hoc statuit umquam, aut cui concedi potest, ut eum jure potuerit occidere a quo, etc.,

id. Tull. 24, 56; Quint. 5, 13, 21.—

Particularly of a conclusion drawn from circumstances, to judge, infer, conclude; declare (as an inference):

cum tuto senatum haberi non posse judicavistis, tum statuiistis, etiam intra muros Antonii scelus versari,

Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13: quod si aliter statuetis, videte ne hoc vos statuatis, qui vivus decesserit, ei vim non esse factam, id. Caecin. 16, 46:

quid? si tu ipse statuisti, bona P. Quinctii ex edicto possessa non esse?

id. Quint. 24, 76:

ergo ad fidem bonam statuit pertinere notum esse emptori vitium quod nosset venditor,

id. Off. 3, 16, 67:

Juppiter esse pium statuit quodcumque juvaret,

Ov. H. 4, 133.—With neutr. pron.:

hoc (i. e. litteris Gabinii credendum non esse) statuit senatus cum frequens supplicationem Gabinio denegavit,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 6, 14:

quod si tum statuit opus esse, quid cum ille decessisset, Flacco existimatis statuendum et faciendum fuisse?

id. Fl. 12, 29; cf. id. Caecin. 16, 46, supra; so,

hoc si ita statuetis,

id. ib. 16, 47.—

Esp. with gerund.-clause.

To hold, judge, think, consider, acknowledge, that something must be done, or should have been done:

tu cum tuos amicos in provinciam quasi in praedam invitabas... non statuebas tibi de illorum factis rationem esse reddendam?

did you not consider, did it not strike you? Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 11, § 29: statuit, si hoc crimen extenuari vellet, nauarchos omnes vita esse privandos, he thought it necessary to deprive, etc., id. ib. 2, 5, 40, §

103: ut statuas mihi non modo non cedendum, sed etiam tuo auxilio utendum fuisse,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 10:

statuebam sic, boni nihil ab illis nugis expectandum,

id. Sest. 10, 24:

Antigonus statuit aliquid sibi consilii novi esse capiendum,

Nep. Eum. 8, 4. —So with opus fuisse:

ut hoc statuatis oratione longa nihil opus fuisse,

acknowledge, Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 56: causam sibi dicendam esse statuerat jam ante quam hoc usu venit, knew (cf. a. supra), id. ib. 2, 5, 39, § 101. —

To think that one must do something, to resolve, propose, usu. with dat. pers.:

manendum mihi statuebam quasi in vigilia quadam consulari ac senatoria,

Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 1: quae vobis fit injuria si statuimus, vestro nobis judicio standum esse, if we conclude, purpose, to abide, etc., id. Fl. 27, 65:

ut ea quae statuisses tibi in senatu dicenda, reticeres,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 1:

statuit tamen nihil sibi in tantis injuriis gravius faciendum,

id. Clu. 6, 16:

Caesar statuit exspectandam classem,

Caes. B. G. 3, 14:

non expectandum sibi statuit dum, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 11:

quod eo tempore statuerat non esse faciendum,

id. B. C. 3, 44:

statuit sibi nihil agitandum,

Sall. J. 39, 5:

Metellus statuit alio more bellum gerendum,

id. ib. 54, 5:

Laco statuit accuratius sibi agendum cum Pharnabazo,

Nep. Alcib. 10, 2:

sororis filios tollendos statuit,

Just. 38, 1.—

With ut:

si, ut Manilius statuebat, sic est judicatum (= ut judicandum esse statuebat),

Cic. Caecin. 24, 69:

ut veteres statuerunt poetae (ut = quod ita esse),

id. Arat. 267 (33): quae majora auribus accepta sunt quam oculis noscuntur, ut statuit, as he thought, i. e. that those things were greater, etc., Liv. 45, 27:

cum esset, ut ego mihi statuo, talis qualem te esse video,

Cic. Mur. 14, 32.—

With two acc. (= duco, existimo):

omnes qui libere de re publica sensimus, statuit ille quidem non inimicos, sed hostes,

regarded not as adversaries, but as foes, Cic. Phil. 11, 1, 3:

Anaximenes aera deum statuit,

id. N. D. 10, 26:

voluptatem summum bonum statuens,

id. Off. 1, 2, 5:

video Lentulum cujus ego parentem deum ac patronum statuo fortunae ac nominis mei,

id. Sest. 69, 144:

si rectum statuerimus concedere amicis quidquid velint,

id. Lael. 11, 38:

Hieronymus summum bonum statuit non dolere,

id. Fin. 2, 6, 19:

noster vero Plato Titanum e genere statuit eos qui... adversentur magistratibus,

id. Leg. 3, 2, 5:

decretum postulat, quo justae inter patruos fratrumque filias nuptiae statuerentur,

Tac. A. 12, 7:

optimum in praesentia statuit reponere odium,

id. Agr. 39.— P. a.: stătūtus, a, um, i. e. baculo, propped, leaning on a stick (dub. v. I. C. supra):

vidistis senem... statutum, ventriosum?

Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 11.—Hence, subst.: stătūtum, i, n., a law, decision, determination, statute (late Lat.):

Dei,

Lact. 2, 16, 14:

Parcarum leges ac statuta,

id. 1, 11, 14:

statuta Dei et placita,

id. 7, 25, 8.

chīrŏgrăphum, i, n. (access. form * chīrŏgrăphus, i, m., sc. libellus or codex, Fulvius ap. Quint. 6, 3, 100 Spald., together with chirographum, Quint. ib. 5, 13, 8; and chīrŏgrăphon, i, n., Sid. Carm. 16, 56), = cheirographon.

One ' s own handwriting, autograph; pure Lat. manus (in good prose;

freq. in Cic.): extrema pagella pupugit me tuo chirographo,

Cic. Fam. 2, 13, 3; Planc. ib. 10, 21, 3; Cic. Phil. 1, 7, 16; 2, 4, 8:

neque utar meo chirographo neque signo,

id. Att. 2, 20, 5:

imitari,

id. N. D. 3, 30, 74 al. —

Meton (abstr. pro concr.), that which is written with one ' s own hand: credidi chirographis ejus ( assurances in his own handwriting), Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 1;

so,

Cic. Fam. 2, 13, 3; id. Brut. 80, 277; id. Fam. 12, 1, 2; id. Phil. 1, 7, 16; Quint. 9, 2, 73; Suet. Aug. 87; id. Tib. 6; id. Calig. 24.—

In the lang. of business, t. t., a bond, surety, or obligation under one ' s own hand (diff. from syngrapha, q. v.; not found with this meaning in Cic.), Gai Inst. 3, 134; Dig. 20, 1, 26; 49, 14, 3; Suet. Caes. 17; id. Calig. 12; id. Dom. 1; Gell. 14, 2, 7.

chīrŏgrăphum, i, n. (access. form * chīrŏgrăphus, i, m., sc. libellus or codex, Fulvius ap. Quint. 6, 3, 100 Spald., together with chirographum, Quint. ib. 5, 13, 8; and chīrŏgrăphon, i, n., Sid. Carm. 16, 56), = cheirographon.

One ' s own handwriting, autograph; pure Lat. manus (in good prose;

freq. in Cic.): extrema pagella pupugit me tuo chirographo,

Cic. Fam. 2, 13, 3; Planc. ib. 10, 21, 3; Cic. Phil. 1, 7, 16; 2, 4, 8:

neque utar meo chirographo neque signo,

id. Att. 2, 20, 5:

imitari,

id. N. D. 3, 30, 74 al. —

Meton (abstr. pro concr.), that which is written with one ' s own hand: credidi chirographis ejus ( assurances in his own handwriting), Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 1;

so,

Cic. Fam. 2, 13, 3; id. Brut. 80, 277; id. Fam. 12, 1, 2; id. Phil. 1, 7, 16; Quint. 9, 2, 73; Suet. Aug. 87; id. Tib. 6; id. Calig. 24.—

In the lang. of business, t. t., a bond, surety, or obligation under one ' s own hand (diff. from syngrapha, q. v.; not found with this meaning in Cic.), Gai Inst. 3, 134; Dig. 20, 1, 26; 49, 14, 3; Suet. Caes. 17; id. Calig. 12; id. Dom. 1; Gell. 14, 2, 7.

chīrŏgrăphum, i, n. (access. form * chīrŏgrăphus, i, m., sc. libellus or codex, Fulvius ap. Quint. 6, 3, 100 Spald., together with chirographum, Quint. ib. 5, 13, 8; and chīrŏgrăphon, i, n., Sid. Carm. 16, 56), = cheirographon.

One ' s own handwriting, autograph; pure Lat. manus (in good prose;

freq. in Cic.): extrema pagella pupugit me tuo chirographo,

Cic. Fam. 2, 13, 3; Planc. ib. 10, 21, 3; Cic. Phil. 1, 7, 16; 2, 4, 8:

neque utar meo chirographo neque signo,

id. Att. 2, 20, 5:

imitari,

id. N. D. 3, 30, 74 al. —

Meton (abstr. pro concr.), that which is written with one ' s own hand: credidi chirographis ejus ( assurances in his own handwriting), Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 1;

so,

Cic. Fam. 2, 13, 3; id. Brut. 80, 277; id. Fam. 12, 1, 2; id. Phil. 1, 7, 16; Quint. 9, 2, 73; Suet. Aug. 87; id. Tib. 6; id. Calig. 24.—

In the lang. of business, t. t., a bond, surety, or obligation under one ' s own hand (diff. from syngrapha, q. v.; not found with this meaning in Cic.), Gai Inst. 3, 134; Dig. 20, 1, 26; 49, 14, 3; Suet. Caes. 17; id. Calig. 12; id. Dom. 1; Gell. 14, 2, 7.

adventīcĭus (not - tĭus), a, um, adj. [advenio], that is present by coming, coming from abroad, foreign, strange (extrinsecus ad nos perveniens non nostrum, aut nostro labore paratum, Ern. Clav. Cic.; opp. proprius, innatus, insitus, etc.; in Cic. very freq., elsewhere rare).

In gen.:

genus (avium),

Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 7 (cf. advena):

Mithridates magnis adventiciis copiis juvabatur,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 24; so,

auxilium,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 37:

externus et adventicius tepor,

id. N. D. 2, 10:

externa atque adventicia visio,

proceeding from the senses, id. Div. 2, 58, 128:

doctrina transmarina et adventicia,

id. de Or. 3, 33:

dos,

given by another than the father, Dig. 23, 3, 5.—

Esp.

That is added to what is customary, or happens out of course, unusual, extraordinary:

fructus,

Liv. 8, 28; so,

casus,

Dig. 40, 9, 6. —

That is acquired without one's own effort: adventicia pecunia, obtained, not from one's own possessions, but by inheritance, usury, presents, etc., Cic. Inv. 2, 21; id. Rab. Post. 17:

humor adventicius,

rain, Varr. R. R. 1, 41, 3:

adventiciae res,

Sen. ad Helv. 5.—

That pertains to arrival (adventus):

adventicia cena,

a banquet given on one's arrival, Suet. Vit. 13 (cf. adventorius).— Adv. phrase: ex adventicio, from without, extrinsically:

quidquid est hoc, quod circa nos ex adventicio fulget, liberi, honores, etc.,

Sen. Consol. ad Marc. 10.

adventīcĭus (not - tĭus), a, um, adj. [advenio], that is present by coming, coming from abroad, foreign, strange (extrinsecus ad nos perveniens non nostrum, aut nostro labore paratum, Ern. Clav. Cic.; opp. proprius, innatus, insitus, etc.; in Cic. very freq., elsewhere rare).

In gen.:

genus (avium),

Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 7 (cf. advena):

Mithridates magnis adventiciis copiis juvabatur,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 24; so,

auxilium,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 37:

externus et adventicius tepor,

id. N. D. 2, 10:

externa atque adventicia visio,

proceeding from the senses, id. Div. 2, 58, 128:

doctrina transmarina et adventicia,

id. de Or. 3, 33:

dos,

given by another than the father, Dig. 23, 3, 5.—

Esp.

That is added to what is customary, or happens out of course, unusual, extraordinary:

fructus,

Liv. 8, 28; so,

casus,

Dig. 40, 9, 6. —

That is acquired without one's own effort: adventicia pecunia, obtained, not from one's own possessions, but by inheritance, usury, presents, etc., Cic. Inv. 2, 21; id. Rab. Post. 17:

humor adventicius,

rain, Varr. R. R. 1, 41, 3:

adventiciae res,

Sen. ad Helv. 5.—

That pertains to arrival (adventus):

adventicia cena,

a banquet given on one's arrival, Suet. Vit. 13 (cf. adventorius).— Adv. phrase: ex adventicio, from without, extrinsically:

quidquid est hoc, quod circa nos ex adventicio fulget, liberi, honores, etc.,

Sen. Consol. ad Marc. 10.

at or ast, conj. [Curtius connects the Sanscr. ati, ultra, nimis, the Gr. eti, the Lat. et, and at in atavus; Vanicek connects with these at, atque, and atqui. Thus the original idea of addition is prominent in eti, et, and atque; and the idea of opposition in at and atqui, which agree with at-ar in meaning as well as in form. After the same analogy, the Gr. pleon, more, has become plên, but; and the Lat. magis has passed into the same meaning in the Fr. mais and the Ital. mai. The confusion in MSS. between at, ac, and et, and between atque and atqui, was prob. caused as much by their connection in idea as in form] (it was sometimes, for the sake of euphony, written ad; cf. Quint. 12, 10; 12, 32; 1, 7, 5; Charis. p. 203 P., where, instead of at conjunctionem esse, ad vero praepositionem, the reading should be, ad conjunctionem esse, at vero praepositionem, Fr.; v. the pass. in its connection; cf. also Vel. Long. p. 2230 P.; Cassiod. p. 2287 P.; Mar. Vict. p. 2458 P. The form ast is found in the old laws; it occurs once in Trag. Rel., but never in Com. Rel. nor in Lucil.; at is found in Plautus about 280 times, and ast about 10 times; in Ter. at about 100 times, and ast once; in Hor. at 60 times, ast 3 times; in Verg. at 168 times, ast 16; in Juv. at 17 times, ast 7; Catull., Tibull., and Prop. use only at, and Pers. (Jahn) only ast; in prose, Cic. uses [p. 186] ast in his epistles. It joins to a previous thought a new one, either antithetical or simply different, and especially an objection; while sed denotes a direct opposition; and autem marks a transition, and denotes at once a connection and an opposition).

In adding a diff., but not entirely opp. thought, a qualification, restriction, etc., moreover, but, yet; sometimes an emphasized (but never merely copulative) and.

In gen.: SEI PARENTEM PVER VERBERIT AST OLE PLORASSIT PVER DIVEIS PARENTOM SACER ESTO, if the son strike his father, and the father complain, let the son, etc., Lex Serv. Tullii ap. Fest. s. v. plorare, p. 230 Müll.; Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 24: Philosophari est mihi necesse, at paucis, but only in a few words, Enn., Trag. Rel. p. 65 Rib.:

DIVOS ET EOS QVI CAELESTES, SEMPER HABITI COLVNTO... AST OLLA PROPTER QVAE etc.,

Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19; 3, 4, 11: hinc Remus auspicio se devovet atque secundam Solus avem servat. At Romulus pulcer in alto Quaerit Aventino, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 83 Vahl.); Plaut. Capt. 5, 4, 22:

si ego hic peribo, ast ille, ut dixit, non redit,

id. ib. 3, 5, 25:

paret Amor dictis carae genetricis. At Venus Ascanio placidam per membra quietem Inrigat,

Verg. A. 1, 691:

(Aeneas) finem dedit ore loquendi. At, Phoebi nondum patiens, immanis in antro Bacchatur vates,

id. ib. 6, 77; 11, 709 sq.: quo (odore) totum nati corpus perduxit;

at illi Dulcis compositis spiravit crinibus aura,

id. G. 4, 416; so id. ib. 4, 460; 4, 513; id. A. 3, 259; 3, 675; 7, 81; 8, 241; 9, 793; Prop. 4, 4, 15; 4, 7, 11; Luc. 3, 664; 4, 36 al.—Also in prose (chiefly post-Aug.):

una (navis) cum Nasidianis profugit: at ex reliquis una praemissa Massiliam, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 2, 7:

ubi facta sunt, in unum omnia miscentur. At pastilli haec ratio est, etc.,

Cels. 5, 17; 6, 18:

quamquam insideret urbem proprius miles, tres urbanae, novem praetoriae cohortes Etruriā ferme Umbriāque delectae aut vetere Latio et coloniis antiquitus Romanis. At apud idonea provinciarum sociae triremes etc.,

Tac. A. 4, 5; 4, 6:

negavit aliā se condicione adlecturum, quam si pateretur ascribi albo, extortum sibi a matre. At illa commota etc.,

Suet. Tib. 51; id. Calig. 15; 44; id. Vesp. 5; id. Dom. 4; id. Galb. 7 al.—In the enumeration of particulars:

Cum alio cantat, at tamen alii suo dat digito litteras, Naev., Com. Rel. p. 20 Rib.: dant alios aliae (silvae) fetus: dant utile lignum Navigiis pinos... At myrtus validis hastilibus et bona bello Cornus,

Verg. G. 2, 447:

Nam neque tum stellis acies obtunsa videtur... At nebulae magis etc.,

id. ib. 1, 401; 3, 87; id. A. 7, 691:

Hic altā Sicyone, ast hic Amydone relictā, Hic Andro, etc.,

Juv. 3, 69.— The Vulg. often uses at as a mere continuative, where even et or atque might stand: sciscitabur ab iis ubi Christus nasceretur. At illi dixerunt ei: In etc., Matt. 2, 5; 4, 20; 8, 32; 14, 29; 15, 34 et persaep.—In transition,

Esp.,

To a new narration, like the Gr. de; so the commencement of the fourth book of the Æneid: At regina gravi jam dudum saucia curā, etc. (the third book closes with the narrative of Æneas); so the beginning of the third book of the Thebaid of Statius: At non Aoniae moderator perfidus aulae, etc.; Verg. A. 4, 504; 5, 35; 5, 545; 5, 700; 5, 779; 6, 679; 7, 5; 8, 370; 8, 608; 9, 503; 10, 689; 11, 597; 12, 134 et saep.—Also in the postAug. histt. and other prose writers; so after speaking of the Ubii etc., Tac. says: At in Chaucis coeptavere seditionem praesidium agitantes etc., A. 1, 38; so ib. 4, 13; 12, 62; 14, 23 et saep.—

To a wonderful, terrible, unexpected, or exciting occurrence or circumstance:

clamores simul horrendos ad sidera tollit, etc.... At gemini lapsu delubra ad summa dracones Effugiunt,

Verg. A. 2, 225; 3, 225:

Lacte madens illic suberat Pan ilicis umbrae, Et facta agresti lignea falce Pales etc. At quā Velabri regio patet etc.,

Tib. 2, 5, 33; Verg. G. 4, 471:

consurgit Turnus in ensem et ferit. Exclamant Troes trepidique Latini, Arrectaeque amborum acies. At perfidus ensis Frangitur in medio,

id. A. 12, 731; 10, 763:

adusque Supremum tempus, ne se penuria victūs Opprimeret metuebat. At hunc liberta securi divisit medium,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 99: Magnus quanto mucrone minatur Noctibus hibernis et sidera terret Orion. At sonipes habitus etc., Stat. S. 1, 1, 46.—

To a passionate appeal, etc., in which case the antecedent clause is not expressed, but must be considered as existing in the mind of the speaker; cf. in Gr. alla su, su de.

In passing to an interrogation, exhortation, request:

At, scelesta, viden ut ne id quidem me dignum esse existumat?

Plaut. As. 1, 2, 23; id. Aul. 1, 1, 8:

At qui nummos tristis inuncat?

Lucil. 15, 21 Müll.: Me. Sauream non novi. Li. At nosce sane, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 58: Ca. Non adest. Ps. At tu cita, id. Ps. 1, 1, 30:

satis habeo, at quaeso hercle etiam vide,

id. Merc. 5, 4, 53 (Ritschl, sat habeo. Sed):

at unum hoc quaeso... Ut, etc.,

id. Capt. 3, 5, 89:

at tu, qui laetus rides mala nostra caveto Mox tibi,

Tib. 1, 2, 87:

Hunc ut Peleus vidit, At inferias, juvenum gratissime Crantor, Accipe, ait,

Ov. M. 12, 367:

at tu, nauta, vagae ne parce malignus arenae Ossibus et capiti inhumato Particulam dare,

Hor. C. 1, 28, 23.—In prose:

at vide quid succenseat,

Cic. Fam. 7, 24, 2:

itaque pulsus ego civitate non sum, quae nulla erat: at vide, quam ista tui latrocinii tela contempserim,

id. Part. Or. 4, 1, 28; id. Dom. 44; App. M. 6, p. 179, 18.—

In expressions of passion, astonishment, indignation, pain, etc.:

At ut scelesta sola secum murmurat,

Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 13: Sc. Nunc quidem domi certost: certa res est Nunc nostrum opservare ostium, [ubi] ubist. Pa. At, Sceledre, quaeso, Ut etc., id. Mil. 2, 4, 46:

At o deorum quidquid in caelo regit Terras et humanum genus, Quid iste fert tumultus?

Hor. Epod. 5, 1:

At tibi quanta domus rutila testudine fulgens, etc.,

Stat. S. 2, 4, 11.—In prose:

horum omnium studium una mater oppugnat: at quae mater?

Cic. Clu. 70; id. Verr. 2, 2, 45:

at per deos immortales! quid est, quod de hoc dici possit,

id. ib. 2, 1, 46:

institui senatores, qui omnia indicum responsa perscriberent. At quos viros!

id. Sull. 42; id. Deiot. 19, 33:

tangit et ira deos: at non impune feremus,

Ov. M. 8, 279; 10, 724:

at tibi Colchorum, memini, regina vacavi,

id. H. 12, 1.—

In indignant imprecations:

At te di omnes cum consilio, Calve, mactāssint malo! Pomp., Com. Rel. p. 245 Rib.: At te Juppiter diique omnes perdant!

Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 37:

At te di deaeque faxint cum isto odio, Laches,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 59:

At te di perdant,

id. Eun. 3, 1, 41:

At tibi di dignum factis exitium duint,

id. And. 4, 1, 42:

At vobis male sit,

Cat. 3, 13:

At tibi, pro scelere, exclamat, pro talibus ausis Di... persolvant grates dignas et praemia reddant Debita!

Verg. A. 2, 535.—In prose:

At vos, ait, devota capita, respiciant di perjuriorum vindices,

Just. 14, 4, 10.—

Rarely of friendly inclination, disposition:

At tibi di bene faciant omnes,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 18:

At tibi di semper, adulescens, quisquis es, faciant bene,

id. Men. 5, 7, 32:

At tu, Catulle, destinatus obdura,

Cat. 8, 19.—

In entreaty:

At vos, o superi, miserescite regis,

Verg. A. 8, 572:

at tu, pater deūm hominumque, hinc saltem arce hostes,

Liv. 1, 12.—

In adding an entirely opposite thought, but, but indeed, but on the other hand, on the contrary, etc. (the strictly class. signif. of the word).

In gen.: at differentiam rerum significat: ut cum dicimus, Scipio est bellator, at M. Cato orator, Paul. ex Fest. p. 11 Müll.: splendet saepe, ast idem nimbis interdum nigret, Att., Trag. Rel. p. 170 Rib.: So. Mentire nunc. Me. At jam faciam, ut verum dicas dicere, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 189: So. Per Jovem juro med etc. Me. At ego per Mercurium juro, tibi etc., id. ib. 1, 1, 280:

Atque oppido hercle bene velle illud visus sum, Ast non habere quoi commendarem caprum,

id. Merc. 2, 1, 22:

fecit idem Themistocles... at idem Pericles non fecit,

Cic. Att. 7, 11, 3:

non placet M. Antonio consulatus meus, at placuit P. Servilio,

id. Phil. 2, 5, 12:

majores nostri Tusculanos Aequos... in civitatem etiam acceperunt, at Karthaginem et Numantiam funditus sustulerunt,

id. Off. 1, 11, 35: brevis a naturā nobis vita data est;

at memoria bene redditae vitae sempiterna,

id. Phil. 14, 12, 32; id. Cat. 2, 2, 3; id. Leg. 2, 18:

crebras a nobis litteras exspecta, ast plures etiam ipse mittito,

id. Att. 1, 16 fin.: Rejectis pilis comminus gladiis pugnatum est. At Germani phalange factā impetus gladiorum exceperunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 52:

Postquam Caesar dicendi finem fecit, ceteri verbo alius alii varie adsentiebantur. At M. Porcius Cato hujusce modi orationem habuit,

Sall. C. 52, 1:

hac iter Elysium nobis, at laeva... ad impia Tartara mittit,

Verg. A. 6, 542: T. Ante leves ergo pascentur in aethere cervi... M. At nos hinc alii sitientīs ibimus Afros, id. E. 1, 65: Dam. Malo me Galatea petit, lasciva puella... Men. At mihi sese offert ultro meus ignis Amyntas, id. ib. 3, 66; 7, 35; 7, 55; id. G. 1, 219; 1, 242; 1, 370; 2, 151; 2, 184; 3, 331; 4, 18; 4, 180; id. A. 2, 35; 2, 687; 3, 424; 5, 264;

6, 489: Ast ego nutrici non mando vota,

Pers. 2, 39:

ast illi tremat etc.,

id. 6, 74:

Ast vocat officium,

id. 6, 27:

At Jesus audiens ait,

Vulg. Matt. 9, 12; 9, 22; 12, 3; 12, 48 et persaep.—

In order to strengthen a contrast, sometimes (esp. in Plaut. and Ter.) with contra, e contrario, potius, etiam, vero.

With contra:

Summis nitere opibus, at ego contra ut dissimilis siem,

Lucil. 26, 19 Müll.:

Ergo quod magnumst aeque leviusque videtur... At contra gravius etc.,

Lucr. 1, 366; so id. 1, 570; 1, 1087; 2, 235: L. Opimius ejectus est e patriā: At contra bis Catilina absolutus est, Cic. Pis. 95; id. Verr. 5, 66; id. Sex. Rosc. 131; id. Quinct. 75:

At tibi contra Evenit, etc.,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 27:

(Cornutus) taedio curarum mortem in se festinavit: at contra reus nihil infracto animo, etc.,

Tac. A. 4, 28.—

With e contrario: apud nos mercenarii scribae existimantur;

at apud illos e contrario nemo ad id officium admittitur, nisi, etc.,

Nep. Eum. 1, 5:

in locis siccis partibus sulcorum imis disponenda sunt semina, ut tamquam in alveolis maneant. At uliginosis e contrario in summo porcae dorso collocanda, etc.,

Col. 11, 3, 44.—

With potius:

at satius fuerat eam viro dare nuptum potius,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 44:

at potius serves nostram, tua munera, vitam,

Ov. H. 3, 149.—

With etiam: At etiam, furcifer, Male loqui mi audes? but do you even? etc., Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 31; id. Trin. 4, 2, 151; id. Rud. 3, 4, 6:

At etiam cubat cuculus. Surge, amator, i domum,

but he is yet abed, id. As. 5, 2, 73; so id. Capt. 2, 3, 98; id. Mil. 4, 4, 6:

Exi foras, sceleste. At etiam restitas, Fugitive!

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 1; 5, 6, 10: Proinde aut exeant, aut quiescant, etc.... at etiam sunt, Quirites, qui dicant, a me in exsilium ejectum esse Catilinam, on the contrary, there are indeed people who say. etc., Cic. Cat. 2, 6, 12; id. Phil. 2, 30, 76; id. Quinct. 56; id. Verr. 5, 77; id. Dom. 70 al.—

With vero, but certainly:

At vero aut honoribus aucti aut etc.,

Cic. N. D. 3, 36, 87; id. Off. 2, 20, 70; 2, 23, 80; id. Fin. 1, 10, 33; id. Verr. 2, 5, 17 al.—

With certe:

Numquam ego te, vitā frater amabilior, Aspiciam posthac. At certe semper amabo,

Cat. 65, 11; 66, 25. —

So, quidem—at (very rare) = quidem —autem, Cic. Off. 1, 22, 75.—

Ironically: Th. Quid valeam? Ly. At tu aegrota, si lubet, per me aetatem quidem, Plaut. Curc. 4, 3, 22:

at, credo, mea numina tandem Fessa jacent,

Verg. A. 7, 297; 7, 363; Ov. H. 1, 44.—

Very freq. in adding an objection, from one's own mind or another's, against an assertion previously made, but, on the contrary, in opposition to this; sometimes, but one may say, it may be objected, and the like:

Piscium magnam atque altilium vim interfecisti. At nego,

Lucil. 28, 43 Müll.:

Quid tandem te impedit? Mosne majorum? At persaepe etiam privati in hac re publicā perniciosos cives morte multārunt. An leges, quae de civium Romanorum supplicio rogatae sunt? At numquam in hac urbe etc.,

Cic. Cat. 1, 11, 28:

Appellandi tempus non erat? At tecum plus annum vixit. In Galliā agi non potuit? At et in provinciā jus dicebatur et etc.,

id. Quinct. 41:

Male judicavit populus. At judicavit. Non debuit. At potuit. Non fero. At multi clarissimi cives tulerunt,

id. Planc. 11:

sunt, quos signa, quos caelatum argentum delectant. At sumus, inquiunt, civitatis principes,

id. Part. Or. 5, 2, 36; id. Fin. 4, 25, 71; id. Verr. 2, 2 fin.:

quid porro quaerendum est? Factumne sit? At constat: A quo? At patet,

id. Mil. 6, 15; id. Phil. 2, 9: convivium vicinorum cotidie compleo, quod ad multam noctem, quam maxime possumus, vario sermone producimus. At non est voluptatum tanta quasi titillatio in senibus. Credo: sed ne desideratio quidem, [p. 187] id. Sen. 14, 47:

multo magnus orator praestat minutis imperatoribus. At prodest plus imperator. Quis negat?

id. Brut. 73, 256; id. Div. 2, 29, 62; 2, 31, 67; 2, 32, 69 al.:

Maxime Juppiter! At in se Pro quaestu sumptum facit hic,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 18 al. — In this case freq. strengthened,

By pol, edepol, hercule: At pol ego neque florem neque flocces volo mihi, Caecil., Com. Rel. p. 67 Rib.: So. Non edepol volo profecto. Me. At pol profecto ingratiis, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 215; so id. As. 2, 2, 34; 4, 2, 14; id. Capt. 3, 4, 64; id. Cas. 2, 3, 15; id. Cist. 4, 2, 70; id. Trin. 2, 4, 73: Ha. Gaudio ero vobis. Ad. At edepol nos voluptati tibi, id. Poen. 5, 4, 61; 3, 1, 68:

At hercule aliquot annos populus Romanus maximā parte imperii caruit,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 54; id. Sex. Rosc. 50:

at hercle in eā controversiā, quae de Argis est, superior sum,

Liv. 34, 31:

At, Hercule, reliquis omnibus etc.,

Plin. 7, 50, 51, § 169:

At, hercules, Diodorus et in morbo etc.,

id. 29, 6, 39, § 142:

At hercule Germanicum Druso ortum etc.,

Tac. A. 1, 3; 1, 17; 1, 26;

3, 54: At, hercules, si conscius fuissem etc.,

Curt. 6, 10, 20 al. —

By enim, which introduces a reason for the objection implied in at, but certainly, but surely, but indeed, etc., alla gar: At enim tu nimis spisse incedis, Naev., Com. Rel. p. 16 Rib.; Turp. id. p. 93: at enim nimis hic longo sermone utimur;

Diem conficimus,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 78:

At enim istoc nil est magis etc.,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 21:

At enim vereor, inquit Crassus, ne haec etc.,

Cic. de Or. 3, 49, 188:

cum dixisset Sophocles, O puerum pulchrum, Pericle. At enim praetorem, Sophocle, decet non solum manus, sed etiam oculos abstinentes habere, etc.,

id. Off. 1, 40, 144 Beier; so id. Mur. 35, 74; id. Inv. 2, 17, 52 al.:

at enim inter hos ipsos existunt graves controversiae,

id. Quinct. 1; so id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 51; 20, 60; id. Phil. 2, 2, 3; id. Ac. 2, 17, 52:

At enim cur a me potissimum hoc praesidium petiverunt?

id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 15:

At enim quis reprehendet, quod in parricidas rei publicae decretum erit?

Sall. C. 51, 25 Kritz:

At enim quid ita solus ego circum curam ago?

Liv. 6, 15; 34, 32:

At enim eo foedere, quod etc.,

id. 21, 18; 34, 31; 39, 37: At enim nova nobis in fratrum filias conjugia;

sed etc.,

Tac. A. 12, 6.—

By tamen: Jam id peccatum primum magnum, magnum, at humanum tamen, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 53: Hi secretis sermonibus... conveniunt;

nam publice civitas talibus inceptis abhorrebat. At tamen interfuere quidam etc.,

Tac. H. 4, 55:

At certe tamen, inquiunt, quod etc.,

Cat. 10, 14.—

With a preced. negative, sometimes no antithesis is appended by at, but it is indicated that if what has been said is not true, yet at least something else is true, but yet; sometimes with tamen, but yet; or certe, but at least, yet at least:

Nolo victumas: at minimis me extis placare volo,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 95:

Si tibi non cordi fuerant conubia nostra,... At tamen in vostras potuisti ducere sedes,

Cat. 64, 158 sq.:

Non cognoscebantur foris, at domi: non ab alienis, at a suis,

Cic. Ac. 2, 11, 56:

Liceat haec nobis, si oblivisci non possumus, at tacere,

id. Fl. 25, 61:

Si genus humanum et mortalia temnitis arma, At sperate deos memores fandi atque nefandi,

Verg. A. 1, 543; so id. ib. 4, 615, and 6, 406. —With certe:

Haec erant... quorum cognitio studiosis juvenibus si non magnam utilitatem adferet, at certe, quod magis petimus, bonam voluntatem,

Quint. 12, 11, 31; Cels. 2, 15; Suet. Calig. 12, al.—

The antithesis is sometimes not so much in the clause appended by at, as in the persons or things introduced in it; so,

Esp. freq. in conditional clauses with si, si non, si minus, etiam si, etc.; cf. Herm. ad Viger. 241: Si ego hic peribo, ast ille, ut dixit, non redit; At erit mi hoc factum mortuo memorabile, if I perish here, but he does not return, yet etc., Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 26; id. Bacch. 2, 3, 131:

si ego digna hac contumeliā Sum maxime, at tu indignus qui faceres tamen,

Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 25:

Si tu oblitus es, at di meminerunt,

Cat. 30, 11:

si non eo die, at postridie,

Cato, R. R. 2, 1:

si non paulo, at aliquanto (post petīsses),

Cic. Quinct. 40; 97; id. Mil. 93 al.:

quanta tempestas invidiae nobis, si minus in praesens, at in posteritatem impendeat,

id. Cat. 1, 22; id. Verr. 5, 69; id. Clu. 15: qui non possit, etiam si sine ullā suspitione, at non sine argumento male dicere, id. Cael. 3, 8.—

With etsi:

ei, etsi nequāquam parem illius ingenio, at pro nostro tamen studio meritam gratiam referamus,

Cic. de Or. 3, 4, 14; Tac. Or. 19.—

With quod si:

Quod si nihil cum potentiore juris humani relinquitur inopi, at ego ad deos confugiam,

Liv. 9, 1; Tac. A. 1, 67.—

At, like autem and de, sometimes serves simply to introduce an explanation: cum Sic mutilus miniteris. At illi foeda cicatrix etc., now an ugly scar etc., Hor. S. 1, 5, 60. —

And also like de in Hom. and Hdt., it sometimes introduces an apodosis,

With si: Bellona, si hobie nobis victoriam duis, ast ego templum tibi voveo, if to-day thou bestow victory, then I etc., ean—de, Liv. 10, 19.—

With quoniam: Nunc, quoniam tuum insanabile ingenium est, at tu tuo supplicio doce etc., since your disposition is past cure, at least etc., epei—de, Liv. 1, 28.

At is sometimes repeated at the beginning of several clauses,

In opposition each to the preceding clause: Soph. Tu quidem haut etiam octoginta's pondo. Paegn. At confidentiā Militia illa militatur multo magis quam pondere. At ego hanc operam perdo, Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 47 sq.:

Si ego hic peribo, ast ille, ut dixit, non redit: At erit mi hoc factum mortuo memorabile,

id. Capt. 3, 5, 25 sq.; id. As. 5, 2, 6 sqq. (Cic., in Quir. 7 and 10, opposes at to sed, and Tac., in A. 12, 6, sed to at).—

In opposition to some common clause preceding:

At etiam asto? At etiam cesso foribus facere hisce assulas?

Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 20: Quid tum esse existimas judicatum? Certe gratīs judicāsse. At condemnārat; at causam totam non audierat;

at in contionibus etc.,

Cic. Caecin. 113:

Sit flagitiorum omnium princeps: at est bonus imperator, at felix,

id. Verr. 5, 4; id. Sest. 47; id. Fragm. B. 16, 5 B. and K.: Nefarius Hippias Pisistrati filius arma contra patriam ferens;

at Sulla, at Marius, at Cinna recte, imo jure fortasse,

id. Att. 9, 10, 3: At non formosa est, at non bene culta puella;

At, puto, non votis saepe petita meis?

Ov. Am. 3, 7, 1 sq. Merk.:

At quam sunt similes, at quam formosus uterque!

id. F. 2, 395: rideri possit eo quod Rusticius tonso toga defluit: at est bonus ut melior vir Non alius quisquam; at tibi amicus;

at ingenium ingens Inculto latet hoc sub corpore,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 30 sqq. (cf. sed—

sed,

Cat. 64, 141; Juv. 5, 61; 8, 149; and a similar use of alla in Hellenistic Greek, as alla—alla, 2 Cor. 2, 17: alla—alla —alla, 1 Cor. 6, 11).—

Though regularly occupying the first place in its clause or sentence, it sometimes stands second (cf. atque fin.):

Saepius at si me, Lycida formose, revisas,

Verg. E. 7, 67; id. G. 3, 331:

Tutior at quanto merx est in classe secundā,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 47:

Mentior at si quid, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 8, 37:

Gramineis ast inde toris discumbitur,

Val. Fl. 8, 255:

Major at inde etc.,

Stat. Th. 4, 116.—See more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 417-451; Wagner, Quaest. XXXVII. ad Verg. IV. pp. 581- 585.

pŏtestas, ātis ( gen. plur. potestatium, Sen. Ep. 115, 7; Plin. 29, 4, 20, § 67), f. [possum].

Lit., in gen., ability, power of doing any thing (class.):

SI FVRIOSVS EST AGNATORVM GENTILIVMQVE IN EO PECVNIAQVE EIVS POTESTAS ESTO, Fragm. XII. Tabularum: vim tantam in se et potestatem habere tantae astutiae,

to have such a power of craftiness, to be able to devise such tricks, Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 32:

aut potestas defuit aut facultas aut voluntas,

Cic. Inv. 2, 7, 24:

habere potestatem vitae necisque in aliquem,

id. Dom. 29, 77; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 3, § 11:

potestatem alicui deferre beneficiorum tribuendorum,

id. Balb. 16, 37. — Poet., with inf.:

potestas occurrere telis... ensem avellere dextrā,

Stat. Th. 3, 296; Luc. 2, 40.—

In phrases.

Esse in potestate alicujus, to be in one's power, under one's control, to be subject to (for a description of the relation of potestas under the Roman law, and of the classes of persons to whom it applied, v. Gai. Inst. 1, 49 sqq.):

mittuntur legati, qui nuntient, ut sit in senatūs populique Romani potestate,

Cic. Phil. 6, 2, 4:

esse in dicione ac potestate alicujus,

id. Quint. 2, 6: habere familiam in potestate, to keep them slaves, not to free them, Liv. 8, 15.—

Esse in suā potestate, to be one's own master, Nep. Att. 6, 1; so,

esse suae potestatis,

Liv. 31, 45.—

Jus potestatemque habere imperandi, Cic. Phil. 11, 12, 30; cf.:

cum consulis eā de re jus ac potestatem esse dixisset,

had jurisdiction and authority over it, Liv. 24, 39.—

Est mea (tua, etc.) potestas, I have the power, I can, Cic. Att. 2, 5, 1; Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 42; cf.:

sed volui meam potestatem esse vel petendi, etc.,

Cic. Att. 4, 2, 6.—

In partic.

Political power, dominion, rule, empire, sovereignty (syn.:

imperium, dicio): Thessaliam in potestatem Thebanorum redigere,

Nep. Pelop. 5, 1; Liv. 24, 31; so,

sub potestatem Atheniensium redigere,

Nep. Milt. 1, 4:

esse in potestate alicujus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 54, § 136:

tenere aliquem in suā potestate ac dicione,

id. ib. 2, 1, 38, §

97: venire in arbitrium ac potestatem alicujus,

id. ib. 2, 1, 57, § 150.—

Magisterial power, authority, office, magistracy (syn.:

magistratus, auctoritas): potestas praetoria,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 24, 69:

qui togatus in re publicā cum potestate imperioque versatus sit,

id. Phil. 1, 7, 18:

modo ut bonā ratione emerit, nihil pro potestate, nihil ab invito,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 5, § 10:

cum potestate aut legatione in provinciam proficisci,

id. ib. 2, 4, 5, § 9; id. Clu. 27, 74:

censores dederunt operam, ut ita potestatem gererent, ut, etc.,

so to administer the office, id. Verr. 2, 2, 55, § 138; id. Agr. 2, 6, 14.—In plur.:

imperia, potestates, legationes,

id. Leg. 3, 3, 9:

in potestatibus gerendis,

Auct. Her. 3, 7, 14.—

Transf.

A person in office, a public officer, magistrate:

a magistratu aut ab aliquā potestate legitimā evocatus,

by some lawful authority, Cic. Tusc. 1, 30, 74:

mavis Fidenarum esse potestas,

Juv. 10, 100.—

A ruler, supreme monarch:

hominum rerumque aeterna potestas,

i. e. Jupiter, Verg. A. 10, 18:

nihil est quod credere de se Non possit, cum laudatur dis aequa potestas,

Juv. 4, 71 (v. context): potestates, = archai, the highest magistrates, Plin. 9, 8, 8, § 26; Suet. Ner. 36; Amm. 31, 12, 5:

celsae potestates,

officers of state, id. 14, 1, 10:

jurisdictionem potestatibus per provincias demandare,

Suet. Claud. 23.—

Esp., legal power, right over or to a thing (class.):

potestatis verbo plura significantur: in personā magistratuum imperium, in personā liberorum patria potestas, in personā servi dominium: at cum agimus de noxae deditione cum eo, qui servum non defendit, praesentis corporis copiam facultatemque significamus. Ex lege Atiniā in potestatem domini rem furtivam venisse videri, et si ejus vindicandae potestatem habuerit, Sabinus et Cassius aiunt,

Dig. 50, 16, 215.—

Of inanimate things, power, force, efficacy, effect, operation, virtue, value:

potestates colorum,

Vitr. 7, 14:

potestates visque herbarum,

Verg. A. 12, 396; Plin. 25, 2, 5, § 9:

pecuniarum,

value, Dig. 13, 4, 3:

haec potestatibus praesentibus dijudicanda sunt,

circumstances, state of things, Gell. 1, 3, 24:

actionum vis et potestas,

Dig. 9, 4, 1:

quaternarius numerus suis partibus complet decadis ipsius potestatem (because the first four integers, taken together, = 10),

compass, fulness, Mart. Cap. 2, § 106:

plumbi potestas,

nature, quality, properties, Lucr. 5, 1242:

naturalis,

Vitr. 9, 4.—

Of a word, meaning, signification (syn.:

vis, significatio),

Gell. 10, 29, 1; Auct. Her. 4, 54, 67; Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 4.—

Math. t. t., = dunamis, the square root, Mart. Cap. 2, § 106.—

Trop.

Power, control, command (class.): dum ex tanto gaudio in potestatem nostram redeamus, recover our self-control, come to ourselves, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3, 14:

exisse ex potestate dicimus eos, qui effrenati feruntur aut libidine, aut iracundiā,

to have lost the control of their reason, to be out of their minds, Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11; cf.:

qui exisse ex potestate dicuntur, idcirco dicuntur, quia non sunt in potestate mentis, cui regnum totius animi a natura tributum est,

id. ib. 3, 5, 11; cf. also id. ib. 4, 36, 77:

postquam ad te cum omnium rerum tum etiam tui potestatem di transtulerint,

Plin. Pan. 56, 3.—

Power, ability, possibility, opportunity (class.; cf.:

copia, facultas): ubi mihi potestas primum evenit,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 18:

liberius vivendi,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 25:

ut primum potestas data est augendae dignitatis tuae,

Cic. Fam. 10, 13, 1: quoties mihi certorum hominum potestas erit (al. facultas), whenever I find men on whom I can rely, id. ib. 1, 7, 1: facere potestatem, to give opportunity, leave, permission:

si quid de his rebus dicere vellet, feci potestatem,

id. Cat. 3, 5, 11:

quae potestas si mihi saepius fiet, utar,

shall present itself, id. Phil. 1, 15, 38:

alicui potestatem optionemque facere, ut, etc.,

id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 45:

facio tibi interpellandi potestatem,

id. Rosc. Am. 27, 73:

ego instare, omnium mihi tabularum et litterarum fieri potestatem oportere,

must be allowed the use of, id. Verr. 2, 4, 66, § 149: potestatem sui facere, to allow others to see or have access to one, to give an opportunity of conversing with one:

cum neque praetores diebus aliquot adiri possent vel potestatem sui facerent,

allowed themselves to be spoken to, id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 15:

facere omnibus conveniendi sui potestatem,

to admit to an audience, id. Phil. 8, 10, 31:

qui potestatem sui non habuissent,

who had not been able to speak with him, Suet. Tib. 34:

potestatem sui facere,

to give an opportunity of fighting with one, Caes. B. G. 1, 40; Nep. Ages. 3, 3.— Poet., with inf.:

non fugis hinc praeceps, dum praecipitare potestas,

Verg. A. 4, 565:

nunc flere potestas est,

Luc. 2, 40:

soli cui tanta potestas meis occurrere telis,

Stat. Th. 3, 296.—

In eccl. Lat.:

potestates,

angels, angelic powers, authorities in the spiritual world, Vulg. Ephes. 6, 12; id. 1 Pet. 3, 22; sing., id. 1 Cor. 15, 24.—

Personified, a daughter of Pallas and Styx, Hyg. Fab. prooem.

agnosco ( adgn-; also adn-; cf. Wagn. Orthog. Verg. p. 407), nōvi, nitum (like cognĭtum from cognosco; cf. pejĕro and dejĕro from jūro), 3, v. a. [ad, intens. -gnosco, nosco] ( part. perf. agnōtus, Pac. ap. Prisc. p. 887 P.; part. fut. act. agnoturus, Sall. H. Fragm. 2, 31; cf. Diom. 383 P.; class.; used very freq. by Cicero).

As if to know a person or thing well, as having known it before, to recognize: agnoscere always denotes a subjective knowledge or recognition; while cognoscere designates an objective perception; another distinction v. in II.): in turbā Oresti cognitā agnota est soror, was recognized by Orestes as his sister, Pac. ap. Prisc. 887 P.:

virtus cum se extollit et ostendit suum lumen et idem aspexit agnovitque in alio,

and when she has perceived the same in another, and has recognized it, Cic. Lael. 27, 100:

id facillime accipiunt animi, quod agnoscunt,

Quint. 8, 3, 71:

cum se collegit (animus) atque recreavit, tum agnoscit illa reminiscendo,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 58:

quod mihi de filiā gratularis, agnosco humanitatem tuam,

id. Fam. 1, 7 (cf. on the contr. id. ib. 5, 2, where Cic., speaking of himself, says: Cognosce nunc humanitatem meam, learn from this, etc.):

nomine audito extemplo agnovere virum,

Liv. 7, 39:

veterem amicum,

Verg. A. 3, 82:

matrem,

id. ib. 1, 405: Figulum in patriam suam venisse atque ibi agnosci, and is there recognized (by those who had already known him), Quint. 7, 2, 26:

formas quasdam nostrae pecuniae agnoscunt,

Tac. G. 5:

agnoscent Britanni suam causam,

id. Agr. 32:

nitorem et altitudinem horum temporum agnoscimus,

id. Or. 21:

quam (tunicam) cum agnovisset pater,

Vulg. Gen. 37, 33.—

Transf., as a result of this knowledge or recognition, to declare, announce, allow, or admit a thing to be one's own, to acknowledge, own: qui mihi tantum tribui dicis, quantum ego nec agnosco ( neither can admit as due to me) nec postulo, Cic. Lael. 9:

natum,

Nep. Ages. 1, 4:

Aeacon agnoscit summus prolemque fatetur Juppiter esse suam,

Ov. M. 13, 27 (cf. in Pandects, 25, Tit. 3:

de agnoscendis vel alendis liberis): an me non agnoscetis ducem?

will you not acknowledge me as your general? Liv. 6, 7:

agnoscere bonorum possessionem,

to declare the property as one's own, to lay claim to it, Dig. 26, 8, 11 (cf. agnitio, I.):

agnoscere aes alienum,

ib. 28, 5, 1:

facti gloriam,

Cic. Mil. 14 fin.:

susciperem hoc crimen, agnoscerem, confiterer,

id. Rab. Perd. 6:

fortasse minus expediat agnoscere crimen quam abnuere,

Tac. A. 6, 8:

sortilegos,

Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132: et ego ipse me non esse verborum admodum inopem agnosco, and I myself confess, allow, etc., id. Fam. 4, 4:

id ego agnovi meo jussu esse factum,

id. ib. 5, 20, 3: carmina spreta exolescunt;

si irascare, agnita videntur,

Tac. A. 4, 34.—

To understand, recognize, know, perceive by, from, or through something:

ut deum agnoscis ex operibus ejus, sic ex memoriā rerum et inventione, vim divinam mentis agnoscito,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 70; id. Planc. 14, 35:

ex fructu arbor agnoscitur,

Vulg. Matt. 12, 33:

inde agnosci potest vis fortunae,

Vell. 2, 116, 3.—Also, absol.: Augusti laudes agnoscere possis, you can recognize the praises of Augustus, * Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 29:

accipio agnoscoque deos,

Verg. A. 12, 260 (cf. accipio):

agniti dempsere sollicitudinem,

Tac. H. 2, 68:

Germanicus, quo magis agnosceretur, detraxerat tegimen,

id. A. 2, 21:

terram non agnoscebant,

Vulg. Act. 27, 39.—In gen., to become acquainted with, to know; to perceive, apprehend, understand, discern, remark, see:

quin puppim flectis, Ulixe, Auribus ut nostros possis agnoscere cantus,

Cic. Fin. 5, 18, 49 (as transl. of Hom. Od. 12, 185, Nêa katastêson, hina nôïterên op akousêis):

haec dicta sunt subtilius ab Epicuro quam ut quivis ea possit agnoscere,

understand, id. N. D. 1, 18, 49; Verg. A. 10, 843; Phaedr. 2, 5, 19:

alienis pedibus ambulamus, alienis oculis agnoscimus,

Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 19.

agnosco ( adgn-; also adn-; cf. Wagn. Orthog. Verg. p. 407), nōvi, nitum (like cognĭtum from cognosco; cf. pejĕro and dejĕro from jūro), 3, v. a. [ad, intens. -gnosco, nosco] ( part. perf. agnōtus, Pac. ap. Prisc. p. 887 P.; part. fut. act. agnoturus, Sall. H. Fragm. 2, 31; cf. Diom. 383 P.; class.; used very freq. by Cicero).

As if to know a person or thing well, as having known it before, to recognize: agnoscere always denotes a subjective knowledge or recognition; while cognoscere designates an objective perception; another distinction v. in II.): in turbā Oresti cognitā agnota est soror, was recognized by Orestes as his sister, Pac. ap. Prisc. 887 P.:

virtus cum se extollit et ostendit suum lumen et idem aspexit agnovitque in alio,

and when she has perceived the same in another, and has recognized it, Cic. Lael. 27, 100:

id facillime accipiunt animi, quod agnoscunt,

Quint. 8, 3, 71:

cum se collegit (animus) atque recreavit, tum agnoscit illa reminiscendo,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 58:

quod mihi de filiā gratularis, agnosco humanitatem tuam,

id. Fam. 1, 7 (cf. on the contr. id. ib. 5, 2, where Cic., speaking of himself, says: Cognosce nunc humanitatem meam, learn from this, etc.):

nomine audito extemplo agnovere virum,

Liv. 7, 39:

veterem amicum,

Verg. A. 3, 82:

matrem,

id. ib. 1, 405: Figulum in patriam suam venisse atque ibi agnosci, and is there recognized (by those who had already known him), Quint. 7, 2, 26:

formas quasdam nostrae pecuniae agnoscunt,

Tac. G. 5:

agnoscent Britanni suam causam,

id. Agr. 32:

nitorem et altitudinem horum temporum agnoscimus,

id. Or. 21:

quam (tunicam) cum agnovisset pater,

Vulg. Gen. 37, 33.—

Transf., as a result of this knowledge or recognition, to declare, announce, allow, or admit a thing to be one's own, to acknowledge, own: qui mihi tantum tribui dicis, quantum ego nec agnosco ( neither can admit as due to me) nec postulo, Cic. Lael. 9:

natum,

Nep. Ages. 1, 4:

Aeacon agnoscit summus prolemque fatetur Juppiter esse suam,

Ov. M. 13, 27 (cf. in Pandects, 25, Tit. 3:

de agnoscendis vel alendis liberis): an me non agnoscetis ducem?

will you not acknowledge me as your general? Liv. 6, 7:

agnoscere bonorum possessionem,

to declare the property as one's own, to lay claim to it, Dig. 26, 8, 11 (cf. agnitio, I.):

agnoscere aes alienum,

ib. 28, 5, 1:

facti gloriam,

Cic. Mil. 14 fin.:

susciperem hoc crimen, agnoscerem, confiterer,

id. Rab. Perd. 6:

fortasse minus expediat agnoscere crimen quam abnuere,

Tac. A. 6, 8:

sortilegos,

Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132: et ego ipse me non esse verborum admodum inopem agnosco, and I myself confess, allow, etc., id. Fam. 4, 4:

id ego agnovi meo jussu esse factum,

id. ib. 5, 20, 3: carmina spreta exolescunt;

si irascare, agnita videntur,

Tac. A. 4, 34.—

To understand, recognize, know, perceive by, from, or through something:

ut deum agnoscis ex operibus ejus, sic ex memoriā rerum et inventione, vim divinam mentis agnoscito,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 70; id. Planc. 14, 35:

ex fructu arbor agnoscitur,

Vulg. Matt. 12, 33:

inde agnosci potest vis fortunae,

Vell. 2, 116, 3.—Also, absol.: Augusti laudes agnoscere possis, you can recognize the praises of Augustus, * Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 29:

accipio agnoscoque deos,

Verg. A. 12, 260 (cf. accipio):

agniti dempsere sollicitudinem,

Tac. H. 2, 68:

Germanicus, quo magis agnosceretur, detraxerat tegimen,

id. A. 2, 21:

terram non agnoscebant,

Vulg. Act. 27, 39.—In gen., to become acquainted with, to know; to perceive, apprehend, understand, discern, remark, see:

quin puppim flectis, Ulixe, Auribus ut nostros possis agnoscere cantus,

Cic. Fin. 5, 18, 49 (as transl. of Hom. Od. 12, 185, Nêa katastêson, hina nôïterên op akousêis):

haec dicta sunt subtilius ab Epicuro quam ut quivis ea possit agnoscere,

understand, id. N. D. 1, 18, 49; Verg. A. 10, 843; Phaedr. 2, 5, 19:

alienis pedibus ambulamus, alienis oculis agnoscimus,

Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 19.

as-sĕro ( ads-, K. and H., Müller), sēvi, situm, 3, v. a., to sow, plant, or set near something (very rare;

not in Cic.), Agroet. de Orthogr. p. 2274 P.: vites,

Cato, R. R. 32 fin.:

vitis adsita ad olus,

Varr. R. R. 1, 16 fin.:

vites propter cupressos,

id. ib. 1, 26: Lenta quin velut adsitas Vitis implicat arbores, * Cat. 61, 102: populus adsita certis Limitibus, * Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 170 (quippe quae vitibus maritaretur, Agroet. l. c.).

as-sĕro ( ads-, Ritschl, Fleckeisen, Merk., Halm, Weissenb.), sĕrŭi, sertum, 3, v. a., to join some person or thing to one's self; hence,

As a jurid. t. t. (so this word is most freq. found; cf. assertor and assertio).

Aliquem manu, in libertatem or liberali causā (also merely manu, and finally absol. adserere), to declare one (a slave) to be free by laying hands upon him, to set free, to liberate:

adserere manu in libertatem...,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 64 Müll.:

qui in libertatem adserebant,

Suet. Vit. 10:

se adserit in libertatem,

Dig. 47, 10, 11 fin.:

in iis qui adserantur in libertatem, quia quivis lege agere possit, id juris esse,

Liv. 3, 45; so,

in ingenuitatem,

Suet. Aug. 74:

se ingenuitati,

Dig. 40, 14, 2:

manu eas adserat Suas populares liberali causā,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 83:

manuque liberali causā ambas adseras,

id. ib. 5, 2, 142: si quisquam hanc liberali adseruisset manu, id. Curc. 5, 2, 68:

ego liberali illam adsero causā manu,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 40: cum in causā liberali eum, qui adserebatur cognatum, suum esse diceret, * Cic. Fl. 17, 40:

neminem venire, qui istas adsereret manu,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 6, 11:

illam a lenone adserito manu,

id. Pers. 1, 3, 83;

and transf.: pisces manu adserere,

id. Rud. 4, 3, 34:

adserui jam me fugique catenas,

Ov. Am. 3, 11, 3 Merk.; Suet. Vesp. 3; id. Gram. 21.—

Aliquem in servitutem, to declare one to be a slave by laying the hand upon him, to claim as a slave:

M. Claudio clienti negotium dedit (Ap. Claudius), ut virginem in servitutem adsereret,

Liv. 3, 44; so Suet. Tib. 2; Liv. 34, 18; 35, 16 fin. —

After the poets of the Aug. per., transf. from the judicial sphere to common life.

(Acc. to I. A.) To free from, to protect, defend, defend against (esp. freq. in Flor. and Suet.):

habe ante oculos mortalitatem, a quā adserere te hoc uno munimento potes,

Plin. Ep. 2, 10, 4:

se ab injuriā oblivionis,

id. ib. 3, 5, 9:

liberatae Italiae adsertique imperii nuntius,

Flor. 3, 3, 19:

post adsertam a Manlio, restitutam a Camillo urbem,

id. 1, 13, 19:

Latini quoque Tarquinios adserebant,

id. 1, 11, 1:

Gracchanas leges,

id. 3, 16, 1:

easdem leges,

id. 3, 17, 1; so id. 2, 18, 16; 3, 3, 19; 3, 17, 4:

dignitatem,

Suet. Caes. 16 (cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 7, and Suet. Caes. 33:

defendere dignitatem,

id. ib. 72:

tueri dignitatem): senatus in adserendā libertate consensit,

in the restoring of freedom, Suet. Calig. 60; id. Claud. 10:

namque adserit urbes sola fames (liberas facit urbes contra dominos, Schol.),

Luc. 3, 56:

hoc focale tuas adserat auriculas,

i. e. guard against the hearing of bad verses, Mart. 14, 142:

non te cucullis adseret caput tectum (sc. a basiis),

id. 11, 99.—

(Acc. to I. B.) Aliquid sibi, to appropriate something to one's self, to claim, declare it one's own possession: nec laudes adsere nostras, claim not for yourself, etc., Ov. M. 1, 462:

haec (gaudia) utrāque manu complexuque adsere toto,

Mart. 1, 16, 9; and (per hypallagen): me adsere caelo, appoint me to the skies, i. e. declare me to be of celestial origin, Ov. M. 1, 761.—In prose, Vell. 2, 60 Runhk.; cf. Val. Max. 4, 4, 4:

Unus hominum ad hoc aevi Felicis sibi cognomen adseruit L. Sulla,

Plin. 7, 43, 44, § 137:

sapientis sibi nomen adseruit,

Quint. 12, 1, 20:

sibi artem figurarum,

id. 9, 3, 64:

ipse te in alto isto pinguique secessu studiis adseris?

are you devoting yourself? Plin. Ep. 1, 3, 3:

dominationem sibi,

Suet. Oth. 9:

divinam majestatem sibi,

id. Calig. 22:

Gallaeci Graecam sibi originem adserunt,

Just. 44, 3.—

In gen., to maintain, affirm, assert, declare; diabebaioumai, Gloss.:

non haec Colchidos adserit furorem, Diri prandia nec refert Thyestae,

Mart. 10, 35:

Epicharmus testium malis hanc utilissime imponi adserit,

Plin. 20, 9, 34, § 89, where Jan conjectures ait:

mollissimum quemque beatum fore adserebant,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 28, 8; so id. ib. 3, 5:

non vacat adserere quae finxeris,

Quint. Decl. 7, 6; Pall. 1, 19, 3; so Veg. 1, 17, 4; 1, 17, 5; 5, 25, 1 al.

agnosco ( adgn-; also adn-; cf. Wagn. Orthog. Verg. p. 407), nōvi, nitum (like cognĭtum from cognosco; cf. pejĕro and dejĕro from jūro), 3, v. a. [ad, intens. -gnosco, nosco] ( part. perf. agnōtus, Pac. ap. Prisc. p. 887 P.; part. fut. act. agnoturus, Sall. H. Fragm. 2, 31; cf. Diom. 383 P.; class.; used very freq. by Cicero).

As if to know a person or thing well, as having known it before, to recognize: agnoscere always denotes a subjective knowledge or recognition; while cognoscere designates an objective perception; another distinction v. in II.): in turbā Oresti cognitā agnota est soror, was recognized by Orestes as his sister, Pac. ap. Prisc. 887 P.:

virtus cum se extollit et ostendit suum lumen et idem aspexit agnovitque in alio,

and when she has perceived the same in another, and has recognized it, Cic. Lael. 27, 100:

id facillime accipiunt animi, quod agnoscunt,

Quint. 8, 3, 71:

cum se collegit (animus) atque recreavit, tum agnoscit illa reminiscendo,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 58:

quod mihi de filiā gratularis, agnosco humanitatem tuam,

id. Fam. 1, 7 (cf. on the contr. id. ib. 5, 2, where Cic., speaking of himself, says: Cognosce nunc humanitatem meam, learn from this, etc.):

nomine audito extemplo agnovere virum,

Liv. 7, 39:

veterem amicum,

Verg. A. 3, 82:

matrem,

id. ib. 1, 405: Figulum in patriam suam venisse atque ibi agnosci, and is there recognized (by those who had already known him), Quint. 7, 2, 26:

formas quasdam nostrae pecuniae agnoscunt,

Tac. G. 5:

agnoscent Britanni suam causam,

id. Agr. 32:

nitorem et altitudinem horum temporum agnoscimus,

id. Or. 21:

quam (tunicam) cum agnovisset pater,

Vulg. Gen. 37, 33.—

Transf., as a result of this knowledge or recognition, to declare, announce, allow, or admit a thing to be one's own, to acknowledge, own: qui mihi tantum tribui dicis, quantum ego nec agnosco ( neither can admit as due to me) nec postulo, Cic. Lael. 9:

natum,

Nep. Ages. 1, 4:

Aeacon agnoscit summus prolemque fatetur Juppiter esse suam,

Ov. M. 13, 27 (cf. in Pandects, 25, Tit. 3:

de agnoscendis vel alendis liberis): an me non agnoscetis ducem?

will you not acknowledge me as your general? Liv. 6, 7:

agnoscere bonorum possessionem,

to declare the property as one's own, to lay claim to it, Dig. 26, 8, 11 (cf. agnitio, I.):

agnoscere aes alienum,

ib. 28, 5, 1:

facti gloriam,

Cic. Mil. 14 fin.:

susciperem hoc crimen, agnoscerem, confiterer,

id. Rab. Perd. 6:

fortasse minus expediat agnoscere crimen quam abnuere,

Tac. A. 6, 8:

sortilegos,

Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132: et ego ipse me non esse verborum admodum inopem agnosco, and I myself confess, allow, etc., id. Fam. 4, 4:

id ego agnovi meo jussu esse factum,

id. ib. 5, 20, 3: carmina spreta exolescunt;

si irascare, agnita videntur,

Tac. A. 4, 34.—

To understand, recognize, know, perceive by, from, or through something:

ut deum agnoscis ex operibus ejus, sic ex memoriā rerum et inventione, vim divinam mentis agnoscito,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 70; id. Planc. 14, 35:

ex fructu arbor agnoscitur,

Vulg. Matt. 12, 33:

inde agnosci potest vis fortunae,

Vell. 2, 116, 3.—Also, absol.: Augusti laudes agnoscere possis, you can recognize the praises of Augustus, * Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 29:

accipio agnoscoque deos,

Verg. A. 12, 260 (cf. accipio):

agniti dempsere sollicitudinem,

Tac. H. 2, 68:

Germanicus, quo magis agnosceretur, detraxerat tegimen,

id. A. 2, 21:

terram non agnoscebant,

Vulg. Act. 27, 39.—In gen., to become acquainted with, to know; to perceive, apprehend, understand, discern, remark, see:

quin puppim flectis, Ulixe, Auribus ut nostros possis agnoscere cantus,

Cic. Fin. 5, 18, 49 (as transl. of Hom. Od. 12, 185, Nêa katastêson, hina nôïterên op akousêis):

haec dicta sunt subtilius ab Epicuro quam ut quivis ea possit agnoscere,

understand, id. N. D. 1, 18, 49; Verg. A. 10, 843; Phaedr. 2, 5, 19:

alienis pedibus ambulamus, alienis oculis agnoscimus,

Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 19.

as-sĕro ( ads-, K. and H., Müller), sēvi, situm, 3, v. a., to sow, plant, or set near something (very rare;

not in Cic.), Agroet. de Orthogr. p. 2274 P.: vites,

Cato, R. R. 32 fin.:

vitis adsita ad olus,

Varr. R. R. 1, 16 fin.:

vites propter cupressos,

id. ib. 1, 26: Lenta quin velut adsitas Vitis implicat arbores, * Cat. 61, 102: populus adsita certis Limitibus, * Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 170 (quippe quae vitibus maritaretur, Agroet. l. c.).

as-sĕro ( ads-, Ritschl, Fleckeisen, Merk., Halm, Weissenb.), sĕrŭi, sertum, 3, v. a., to join some person or thing to one's self; hence,

As a jurid. t. t. (so this word is most freq. found; cf. assertor and assertio).

Aliquem manu, in libertatem or liberali causā (also merely manu, and finally absol. adserere), to declare one (a slave) to be free by laying hands upon him, to set free, to liberate:

adserere manu in libertatem...,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 64 Müll.:

qui in libertatem adserebant,

Suet. Vit. 10:

se adserit in libertatem,

Dig. 47, 10, 11 fin.:

in iis qui adserantur in libertatem, quia quivis lege agere possit, id juris esse,

Liv. 3, 45; so,

in ingenuitatem,

Suet. Aug. 74:

se ingenuitati,

Dig. 40, 14, 2:

manu eas adserat Suas populares liberali causā,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 83:

manuque liberali causā ambas adseras,

id. ib. 5, 2, 142: si quisquam hanc liberali adseruisset manu, id. Curc. 5, 2, 68:

ego liberali illam adsero causā manu,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 40: cum in causā liberali eum, qui adserebatur cognatum, suum esse diceret, * Cic. Fl. 17, 40:

neminem venire, qui istas adsereret manu,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 6, 11:

illam a lenone adserito manu,

id. Pers. 1, 3, 83;

and transf.: pisces manu adserere,

id. Rud. 4, 3, 34:

adserui jam me fugique catenas,

Ov. Am. 3, 11, 3 Merk.; Suet. Vesp. 3; id. Gram. 21.—

Aliquem in servitutem, to declare one to be a slave by laying the hand upon him, to claim as a slave:

M. Claudio clienti negotium dedit (Ap. Claudius), ut virginem in servitutem adsereret,

Liv. 3, 44; so Suet. Tib. 2; Liv. 34, 18; 35, 16 fin. —

After the poets of the Aug. per., transf. from the judicial sphere to common life.

(Acc. to I. A.) To free from, to protect, defend, defend against (esp. freq. in Flor. and Suet.):

habe ante oculos mortalitatem, a quā adserere te hoc uno munimento potes,

Plin. Ep. 2, 10, 4:

se ab injuriā oblivionis,

id. ib. 3, 5, 9:

liberatae Italiae adsertique imperii nuntius,

Flor. 3, 3, 19:

post adsertam a Manlio, restitutam a Camillo urbem,

id. 1, 13, 19:

Latini quoque Tarquinios adserebant,

id. 1, 11, 1:

Gracchanas leges,

id. 3, 16, 1:

easdem leges,

id. 3, 17, 1; so id. 2, 18, 16; 3, 3, 19; 3, 17, 4:

dignitatem,

Suet. Caes. 16 (cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 7, and Suet. Caes. 33:

defendere dignitatem,

id. ib. 72:

tueri dignitatem): senatus in adserendā libertate consensit,

in the restoring of freedom, Suet. Calig. 60; id. Claud. 10:

namque adserit urbes sola fames (liberas facit urbes contra dominos, Schol.),

Luc. 3, 56:

hoc focale tuas adserat auriculas,

i. e. guard against the hearing of bad verses, Mart. 14, 142:

non te cucullis adseret caput tectum (sc. a basiis),

id. 11, 99.—

(Acc. to I. B.) Aliquid sibi, to appropriate something to one's self, to claim, declare it one's own possession: nec laudes adsere nostras, claim not for yourself, etc., Ov. M. 1, 462:

haec (gaudia) utrāque manu complexuque adsere toto,

Mart. 1, 16, 9; and (per hypallagen): me adsere caelo, appoint me to the skies, i. e. declare me to be of celestial origin, Ov. M. 1, 761.—In prose, Vell. 2, 60 Runhk.; cf. Val. Max. 4, 4, 4:

Unus hominum ad hoc aevi Felicis sibi cognomen adseruit L. Sulla,

Plin. 7, 43, 44, § 137:

sapientis sibi nomen adseruit,

Quint. 12, 1, 20:

sibi artem figurarum,

id. 9, 3, 64:

ipse te in alto isto pinguique secessu studiis adseris?

are you devoting yourself? Plin. Ep. 1, 3, 3:

dominationem sibi,

Suet. Oth. 9:

divinam majestatem sibi,

id. Calig. 22:

Gallaeci Graecam sibi originem adserunt,

Just. 44, 3.—

In gen., to maintain, affirm, assert, declare; diabebaioumai, Gloss.:

non haec Colchidos adserit furorem, Diri prandia nec refert Thyestae,

Mart. 10, 35:

Epicharmus testium malis hanc utilissime imponi adserit,

Plin. 20, 9, 34, § 89, where Jan conjectures ait:

mollissimum quemque beatum fore adserebant,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 28, 8; so id. ib. 3, 5:

non vacat adserere quae finxeris,

Quint. Decl. 7, 6; Pall. 1, 19, 3; so Veg. 1, 17, 4; 1, 17, 5; 5, 25, 1 al.

dūco, xi, ctum, 3 ( imp. duc;

but duce,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 18; id. Most. 1, 4, 11; id. Poen. 5, 4, 59; id. Rud. 2, 3, 55; id. Trin. 2, 2, 103; id. Truc. 2, 5, 26.— Perf. sync.: duxti, Varr. ap. Non. 283, 32; Cat. 91, 9; Prop. 1, 3, 27), v. a. [cf. Goth. tiuh-an; O. H. Germ. zieh-an, to draw; Germ. -zog, in Herzog, commander, duke], to lead, conduct, draw, bring forward, in all senses; very freq. passing over into the signif. of the compounds abducere, deducere, adducere, producere, etc., and of the synonyms agere, trahere, movere, etc. (very freq.).

Lit.

In gen.:

quo sequar? quo ducis nunc me?

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 2: duc hos intro, id. Am. 2, 2, 224; id. Aul. 2, 6, 13:

duc ac demonstra mihi,

id. Cist. 2, 3, 36:

suas secum mulierculas sunt in castra ducturi,

Cic. Cat. 2, 10 fin.; cf. Caes. B. G. 5, 5 fin. et saep.:

(difficile iter) vix qua singuli carri ducerentur,

id. ib. 1, 6, 1; cf.

plaustra,

Ov. Tr. 3, 10, 34: aquam ducere, Cato ap. Charis. p. 192 P.; so,

aquam per fundum ejus,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2, § 4:

spiritum naribus,

Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 5: so,

spiritum per siccas fauces,

Sen. Ben. 3, 8; cf.:

aërem spiritu,

Cic. N. D. 2, 6 fin.:

animam spiritu,

id. ib. 2, 54, 136; and in gen.: spiritum, for to live, id. Fam. 10, 1; cf.:

vitam et spiritum,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 33:

tura naribus,

to inhale, Hor. C. 4, 1, 22:

sucos nectaris,

to drink in full draughts, to quaff, id. ib. 3, 3, 34; cf.

pocula,

id. ib. 1, 17, 22; and:

Liberum,

id. ib. 4, 12, 14.— Poet.:

jucunda oblivia vitae (referring to the waters of Lethe),

Hor. S. 2, 6, 62 (cf. Verg. A. 6, 714 sq.) et saep.:

mucronem,

to draw from the scabbard, Verg. A. 12, 378; cf.:

ferrum vaginā,

Ov. F. 4, 929:

ensem vagina,

Sil. 8, 342;

but: ensem duxerat faber,

had beaten out, forged, Tib. 1, 3, 48:

sortem,

Cic. Div. 2, 33; Verg. A. 6, 22;

hence, also transf. of that which is drawn by lot,

Cic. Div. 1, 18, 34; id. Rep. 1, 34; Suet. Caes. 12; Tac. A. 1, 54; 3, 28 al.:

pondus aratri,

to draw, Ov. M. 7, 119:

remos,

to row, id. ib. 1, 294; cf. id. ib. 4, 353:

numerosa brachia,

in dancing, id. Am. 2, 4, 29:

lanas,

to spin, id. ib. 4, 34; cf.

stamina,

id. ib. 4, 221:

ubera,

to milk, id. ib. 9, 358:

frena manu,

to guide, govern, id. ib. 15, 518: vela, to haul (= navigare), Prop. 1, 6, 2:

manus, of swimming,

id. 3, 20, 2:

ilia,

to draw the flanks together, become broken-winded, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 9:

os,

to draw awry, to make wry faces, Cic. Or. 25 fin.; Quint. 9, 3, 101; cf.

vultum,

Ov. M. 2, 774; id. P. 4, 8, 13; Mart. 1, 41 et saep.:

non equus impiger Curru ducet Achaico Victorem,

to draw along, Hor. C. 4, 3, 5; cf. id. Ep. 1, 1, 93.— Absol.:

sibi quisque ducere, trahere, rapere,

to take to one's self, appropriate, Sall. J. 41, 5.—

Esp.

To lead, conduct, as a way or road:

via ducit (te), in urbem?

Verg. E. 9, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 7, 5; Verg. A. 1, 401; Ov. F. 2, 679:

Brundisium Minuci melius via ducat an Appi,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 20:

via ad undas,

Ov. M. 3, 602:

via ad infernas sedes,

id. ib. 4, 433; cf.:

iter ad urbem,

id. ib. 437; Curt. 3, 28, 19; Sen. Prov. 6, 7; id. Vit. Beat. 1; Plin. 18, 11, 29, § 111; Quint. 5, 9, 14; Liv. 5, 40, 8 al.—

Se, in colloq. lang., to betake one's self, go:

jam me ad regem recta ducam,

Plaut. Am. 4, 3, 8; id. Aul. 4, 8, 8; id. Bacch. 4, 2, 11; Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 7: Balbus duxit se a Gadibus, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 1.—

A legal t. t., to take, lead away, drag, carry off a person before court, to prison, to punishment, etc.: POST. DEINDE. MANVS. INIECTIO. ESTO. IN. IVS. DVCITO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 45; so,

in jus,

Liv. 2, 27:

illos duci in carcerem jubent,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 30:

aliquem in carcerem,

Suet. Caes. 20:

in vincula,

id. ib. 79:

ad mortem,

Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 1; Nep. Phoc. 4, 3; and absol.:

ducite, ubi capiat, etc.,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 65; Sen. de Ira, 1, 16, 14; Suet. Calig. 27; Plin. Ep. 10, 97, 3 al.: NI. IVDICATVM. FACIT. AVT. QVIS. ENDO. EM. IVRE. VINDICIT. SECVM. DVCITO. VINCITO, etc., XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 45:

decreta ejus modi: SI PETIT DUCAS. C. Fuficium duci jussit petitorem,

to be imprisoned, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 12, § 31; so of a debtor (addictus) who is led off as a slave, Novat. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 63, 255; Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 87; Cic. Fl. 20 fin.; Liv. 6, 14 sq.; cf. id. 2, 23 med.; cf.

prov.: stultitiast venatum ducere invitas canes,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 83. —

Uxorem, to lead a wife home, i. e. to marry:

bona uxor si ea deducta est, etc.... Verum egon eam ducam domum, Quae, etc.?

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 91:

uxorem domum,

id. Aul. 2, 1, 40; Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 68:

filiam Orgetorigis in matrimonium,

Caes. B. G. 1, 9, 3; cf. Liv. 4, 4:

eum uxorem ducturum esse aliam,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 105:

uxorem (or aliquam, filiam alicujus, etc.),

id. Aul. 2, 1, 48; id. Cas. prol. 69 et saep.; Ter. And. 1, 1, 128; 2, 1, 21 et saep.; Cic. Sest. 3; Caes. B. G. 1, 53, 4; id. B. C. 3, 110, 2; Verg. E. 8, 29; Vulg. Marc. 10, 11 et saep.— Absol.:

si tu negaris ducere,

Ter. And. 2, 3, 5; 2, 3, 9; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 76; Liv. 4, 4 al.: jugum ducere cum infidelibus, i. e. to be yoked in marriage, Vulg. 2 Cor. 6, 14.—Rarely for nubere: si ignorans statum Erotis ut liberum duxisti, isque postea servus est judicatus, etc., Imp. Antonin. ap. Cod. Just. 5, 18, 3.—In the comic poets, of taking home prostitutes, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 35; 4, 2, 44; id. Men. 1, 2, 15; id. Stich. 5, 4, 48; id. Truc. 3, 2, 10 et saep.—

In milit. lang.

Said of a commander, to lead, to cause to move, to march his army in any direction:

locis apertis exercitum ducere,

Caes. B. G. 1, 41, 4; cf. id. B. C. 1, 64 fin.; 1, 68, 1:

exercitum ab Allobrogibus in Segusianos,

id. B. G. 1, 10 fin.:

exercitum in fines Suessionum,

id. ib. 2, 12, 1; cf. id. ib. 4, 38, 3;

5, 18, 1: exercitum (legiones, etc.) in Bellovacos,

id. ib. 2, 13, 1; 5, 24, 2 et saep.; cf. Tac. A. 2, 57:

cohortes ad eam partem munitionum, quae, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 3, 62, 2:

exercitum Uticam,

id. ib. 2, 26, 1:

reliquas copias contra Labienum,

id. B. G. 7, 61 fin. et saep.—In pass., of the soldiers, to march, move:

quam in partem aut quo consilio ducerentur,

Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 2.—And in act., absol., of the general himself, to march, move (a favorite expression of Liv.;

not in Caes. or Sall.): (Mettus) ducit, quam proxime ad hostem potest,

Liv. 1, 23; 1, 27; 9, 35; 22, 18 et saep.—Hence,

In gen., to lead, command an army or (more freq.) a division:

qua in legatione duxit exercitum,

Cic. Mur. 9, 20; so,

exercitum,

Nep. Eum. 13, 1; id. Epam. 7, 3:

qui superiore anno primum pilum duxerat,

Caes. B. G. 5, 35, 6; 6, 38, 1; id. B. C. 3, 91, 1:

ordinem,

id. ib. 1, 13, 4; 3, 104, 3; Suet. Vesp. 1:

partem exercitūs,

Sall. J. 55, 4 et saep.—Rarely, to lead a division in front, in advance:

consuetudine sua Caesar sex legiones expeditas ducebat: post eas... inde, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 2, 19, 2; hence also, to march in front, take the lead, said of the division that forms the van:

pars equitum et auxiliariae cohortes ducebant, mox prima legio, etc.,

Tac. A. 1, 51; cf. id. ib. 1, 64 fin. —

Transf. beyond the milit. sphere, to lead, to be leader, head, chief, first in any thing:

accedit etiam, quod familiam ducit,

Cic. Fam. 7, 5 fin. Manut.; so,

familiam,

id. Phil. 5, 11, 30; id. Fin. 4, 16, 45:

ordines,

id. Phil. 1, 8, 20:

classem (discipulorum),

Quint. 1, 2, 24 Spald.:

funus,

Hor. Epod. 8, 12:

toros,

Ov. F. 6, 668 et saep.—

To conduct as prisoners in a triumph:

per triumphum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 67:

in triumpho,

Plin. 7, 43, 45, § 139, v. triumphus.—

With the accessory idea of creation, formation, to produce, form, construct, make, fashion, shape, dispose (cf.:

struo, pono, condo, fundo): parietem per vestibulum alicujus,

to erect, Cic. Mil. 27 fin.; cf.

muros,

Hor. C. 4, 6, 23:

vallum ex castris ad aquam,

Caes. B. C. 1, 73, 2:

fossam,

id. B. G. 7, 72, 1; 7, 73, 2:

arcum,

Ov. M. 3, 160:

lateres de terra,

Vitr. 2, 3:

vivos vultus de marmore (with excudere spirantia aera),

Verg. A. 6, 849; cf. id. ib. 7, 634; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 240; Varr. ap. Non. 283, 32; Plin. 7, 37, 38, § 125; Quint. 10, 3, 18 Spald.; Juv. 7, 237; hence, poet. also:

epos,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 44:

carmen,

Ov. Tr. 1, 11, 18; 3, 14, 32:

versus,

id. ib. 5, 12, 63 et saep.:

liniam ex colore,

Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 81; Quint. 2, 6, 2; cf.

orbem,

id. 11, 3, 118:

alvum,

to bring forth by clysters, Cels. 2, 12; 4, 4 et saep.: alapam alicui, qs. to fetch one a box on the ear, Phaedr. 5, 3, 2; cf.

colaphum,

Quint. 6, 3, 83 Spald.:

pugnum,

Dig. 47, 10, 4 et saep.;

so esp. of processions, dances, etc.: funus,

Cic. Quint. 15 fin.; Ov. M. 14, 746; Verg. G. 4, 256; cf.

exsequias,

Plin. 8, 42, 64, § 154:

pompam,

Ov. H. 12, 152; id. F. 6, 405; id. M. 13, 699:

choros,

Tib. 2, 1, 56; Hor. C. 1, 4, 5; 4, 7, 6 et saep.; cf.

choreas,

Ov. M. 8, 582; 14, 520.—

To receive, admit, take any thing (not ante-Aug.):

cicatricem,

Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 66; Liv. 29, 32, 12:

rimam,

Ov. M. 4, 65:

situm,

to grow rusty, Quint. 1, 2, 18:

formam,

Ov. M. 1, 402:

colorem,

id. ib. 3, 485; cf.

pallorem,

to grow pale, id. ib. 8, 760:

nomina,

Hor. C. 3, 27, 76:

notam,

id. ib. 4, 2, 59 et saep.

Trop.

In gen., to lead, guide, draw, conduct:

progredimur quo ducit quemque voluntas,

Lucr. 2, 258; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 27; 1, 6, 57:

ad strepitum citharae cessatum ducere curam,

id. ib. 1, 2, 31:

Liber vota bonos ducit ad exitus,

id. C. 4, 8, 34; cf. Quint. 12, 1, 26:

per quaedam parva sane ducant (futurum oratorem),

id. 1, 10, 5; cf. id. 1, 1, 27; 1, 5, 58.—Prov.:

ducunt volentem fata, nolentem trahunt,

Sen. Ep. 107.—

In partic.

To draw, deduce, [p. 616] derive its origin or beginning from, any thing:

ab aliqua re totius vitae ducere exordium,

Cic. Fin. 5, 7, 18; cf.:

exordium a nostra persona,

Quint. 3, 8, 8; 4, 1, 7:

principium disputationis a principe investigandae veritatis,

Cic. N. D. 2, 21 fin.:

belli initium a fame,

id. Att. 9, 9, 2; cf. Quint. 1, 1, 21:

initia causasque omnium ex quatuor temporum mutationibus,

Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49:

originem ab Isocrate,

Quint. 2, 15, 4; 1, 6, 38; Hor. C. 3, 17, 5 al.:

ingressionem non ex oratoriis disputationibus, sed, etc.,

Cic. Or. 3, 11:

honestum ab iis rebus,

id. Off. 1, 18, 60; id. Or. 39, 135:

nomen ex quo,

id. Ac. 11, 41; cf.:

nomen a Graeco,

Quint. 1, 6, 3; 3, 7, 1; Hor. S. 2, 1, 66 et saep.; cf.

also: utrumque (sc. amor et amicitia) ductum (al. dictum) est ab amando,

Cic. Lael. 27; id. Fin. 2, 24, 78.—

To lead a person, as regards his will or opinions, in any direction; to move, incite, induce, allure, in a good or bad sense (most freq. in the pass.):

ita me ad credendum tua ducit oratio,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 18:

nos ducit scholarum consuetudo,

Quint. 4, 2, 28; 5, 11, 19; cf. id. 9, 1, 21:

ducit te species,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 35 et saep.:

declamatores quosdam perversa ducit ambitio, ut, etc.,

Quint. 10, 7, 21.—In the pass.:

si quis statuarum honore aut gloria ducitur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 58 fin.:

eloquentiae laude,

id. Or. 32, 115:

quaestu et lucro,

id. Tusc. 5, 3, 9:

hoc errore ut, etc.,

id. Off. 1, 41; cf.:

litteris eorum et urbanitate, ut, etc.,

id. Rosc. Am. 41, 120:

omnes trahimur et ducimur ad cognitionis et scientiae cupiditatem,

id. Off. 1, 6 et saep.—

In a bad sense, to cheat, deceive, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 26; id. Capt. 4, 2, 7; Ter. And. 4, 1, 20; id. Ph. 3, 2, 15; Prop. 2, 17, 1 (3, 8, 1 M.); Ov. H. 19, 13; id. M. 3, 587 (with decipere).—

With regard to time, to draw out, extend, protract, prolong:

bellum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 38, 4; id. B. C. 2, 18, 6; 2, 37, 5 sq.; Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2; Liv. 22, 25 et saep.; cf.:

bellum longius,

Caes. B. C. 1, 64, 2; 3, 42, 3:

bellum in hiemem,

id. ib. 1, 61, 3:

eam rem longius,

id. B. G. 7, 11, 4; cf.:

rem prope in noctem,

id. B. C. 3, 51, 7:

rem leniter,

Liv. 3, 41 et saep. Also transf., of time itself:

tempus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 11; Nep. Them. 7:

diem ex die,

Caes. B. G. 1, 16, 4; and of persons who are put off, delayed:

ubi se diutius duci intellexit,

id. ib. 1, 16, 5.—Less freq. (mostly poet.),

In gen., of time, to pass, spend, enjoy:

aetatem in litteris,

Cic. Fin. 5, 19, 50; so,

aetatem,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 202:

vitam,

id. Epod. 17, 63; Sen. Ep. 45, 10; cf. Verg. A. 2, 641 (where, shortly before, vitam producere):

noctes,

Prop. 1, 11, 5; Plin. Ep. 6, 31, 13:

somnos,

Verg. A. 4, 560.—

In mercant. lang., to calculate, compute, reckon: age nunc summam sumptus duc, Lucil. ap. Non. 283, 30:

minimum ut sequamur, quoniam XC. medimnūm milia duximus, accedant eo, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 49; id. Att. 6, 1, 5 and 16; 6, 2, 7; Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 11; Gell. 1, 20, 5.—

Transf. beyond the mercant. sphere.

Rationem alicujus, to consider, calculate, care for one's advantage or interest (a favorite expression of Cicero):

duxi meam rationem, quam tibi facile me probaturum arbitrabar,

Cic. Att. 8, 11 D, § 7; so,

suam quoque rationem,

to have respect to one's own advantage, id. Verr. 2, 1, 48; and:

non minorem aratorum quam populi rationem,

Suet. Aug. 42 fin.:

salutis meae rationem,

Cic. Fam. 7, 3:

rationem officii, non commodi,

id. Sest. 10, 23; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 44, 128:

unius cujusque temporis ducta ratio est,

id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 16:

rationem officii atque existimationis,

id. Quint. 16, 53.—

In gen., to reckon, consider, hold, account, esteem as any thing (cf. aestimo and existimo;

very freq. in prose and poetry): parvi id ducebat,

Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 24:

pro nihilo aliquid,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 85; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 16 fin.; id. Tusc. 5, 32, 90; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 20, 28:

ea pro falsis ducit,

Sall. C. 3, 2; cf.:

innocentiam pro malevolentia,

id. ib. 12, 1:

vos eritis judices, Laudin' an vitio duci id factum oportuit,

Ter. Ad. prol. 5; so,

aliquid honori,

Sall. J. 11, 3:

aliquid laudi, Nep. praef. § 4: aliquem despicatui,

Cic. Fl. 27, 65: nihil praeter virtutem in bonis ducere (for which, shortly after, in bonis habere = numerare), Cic. Fin. 3, 3;

aliquem in numero hostium,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 25 fin.; Caes. B. G. 6, 32, 1; cf. ib. 6, 23, 8; without in, ib. 6, 21, 2; cf.:

aliquem loco affinium,

Sall. J. 14, 1 Kritz. N. cr.: aliquid testimonii loco, Quint. 5, 9, 10:

tutelae nostrae duximus, cum Africo bello urgerentur,

Liv. 21, 41; cf.:

officii duxit exorare filiae patrem, etc.,

Suet. Tib. 11:

faceret, quod e republica fideque sua duceret,

id. ib. 25, 7 et saep.:

malum cum amici tuum ducis malum,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 48; cf.:

Archytas iracundiam seditionem quandam animi vere ducebat,

Cic. Rep. 1, 38:

eorum, quos idoneos ducebat, consilium habet,

Sall. J. 62, 4:

nil rectum nisi quod placuit sibi ducunt,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 83.— With acc. and inf.:

sic equidem ducebam animo rebarque futurum,

Verg. A. 6, 690:

ut omnia tua in te posita esse ducas humanosque casus virtute inferiores putes,

Cic. Lael. 2, 7, 19 fin.; id. Rep. 1, 2; 1, 17; 1, 38; 3, 9 (three times); Sall. J. 93, 5; Liv. 22, 14, 6; 22, 59, 5; Caes. B. G. 1, 3, 2; 4, 30, 2; 6, 18 et saep.—Here too probably belongs the much disputed passage: ludos et inania honoris medio rationis atque abundantiae duxit (= ludos publicos cum aliis rebus quae ad inania honoris pertinent, duxit, i. e. existimavit habendos et ponendos in medio rationis atque abundantiae, ut inter rationem, quae plane spernit inania, et abundantiam, quae eadem ostentat, media via incederet), he thought right to manage them in a middle course between reason and profusion, Tac. Agr. 6 fin., v. Dübner and Orell. ad h. l.

căno, cĕcĭni, cantum (ancient imp. cante = canite, Carm. Sal. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 37 Müll.; fut. perf. canerit = cecinerit, Lib. Augur. ap. Fest. s. v. rumentum, p. 270 ib.; perf. canui = cecini, acc. to Serv. ad Verg. G. 2, 384, predominant in concino, occino, etc.—Examples of sup. cantum and part. cantus, canturus, a, um, appear not to be in use; the trace of an earlier use is found in Paul. ex Fest. p. 46 Müll.: canta pro cantata ponebant;

once canituri,

Vulg. Apoc. 8, 13), 3, v. n. and a. [cf. kanassô, kanachê, konabos; Germ. Hahn; Engl. chanticleer; kuknos, ciconice; Sanscr. kōkas = duck; Engl. cock], orig. v. n., to produce melodious sounds, whether of men or animals; later, with a designation of the subject-matter of the melody, as v. a., to make something the subject of one ' s singing or playing, to sing of, to celebrate, or make known in song, etc.

Neutr., to utter melodious notes, to sing, sound, play.

Of men:

si absurde canat,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, 12; Plin. Ep. 3, 18, 9:

celebrare dapes canendo,

Ov. M. 5, 113:

si velim canere vel voce vel fidibus,

Cic. Div. 2, 59, 122; Quint. 5, 11, 124; 1, 8, 2; Gell. 19, 9, 3:

quemadmodum tibicen sine tibiis canere non possit,

Cic. de Or. 2, 83, 338; cf.:

tibia canentum,

Lucr. 4, 587; 5, 1384; Cic. Tusc. 1, 2, 4; Quint. 1, 10, 14:

curvo calamo,

Cat. 63, 22:

harundine,

Ov. M. 1, 683; Suet. Caes. 32:

cithara,

Tac. A. 14, 14:

lituus quo canitur,

Cic. Div. 1, 17, 30; Verg. E. 2, 31:

movit Amphion lapides canendo,

Hor. C. 3, 11, 2; Serv. ad Verg. G. 2, 417 al.; Cic. Brut. 50, 187.—

Of the faulty delivery of an orator, to speak in a sing-song tone:

inclinată ululantique voce more Asiatico canere,

Cic. Or. 8, 27; cf. canto and canticum.—

Of animals (usu. of birds, but also of frogs), Varr. L. L. 5, § 76 Müll.:

volucres nullă dulcius arte canant,

Prop. 1, 2, 14; Cic. Div. 1, 7, 12:

merula canit aestate, hieme balbutit,

Plin. 10, 29, 42, § 80; 10, 32, 47, § 89:

ranae alio translatae canunt,

id. 8, 58, 83, § 227.—Of the raven, Cic. Div. 1, 7, 12.—Esp., of the crowing of a cock:

galli victi silere solent, canere victores,

to crow, Cic. Div. 2, 26, 56; v. the whole section; id. ib. 2, 26, 56, § 57; Col. 8, 2, 11; Plin. 10, 21, 24, § 49 (cf. also cantus):

gallina cecinit, interdixit hariolus (the crowing of a hen being considered as an auspicium malum),

Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 27.—

In the lang. of the Pythagoreans, of the heavenly bodies (considered as living beings),

the music of the spheres, Cic. N. D. 3, 11, 27.—

Transf., of the instruments by which, or ( poet.) of the places in which, the sounds are produced, to sound, resound:

canentes tibiae,

Cic. N. D. 2, 8, 22:

maestae cecinere tubae,

Prop. 4 (5), 11, 9:

frondiferasque novis avibus canere undique silvas,

and the leafy forest everywhere resounds with young birds, Lucr. 1, 256; Auct. Aetn. 295.

Act., to make something or some person the subject of one ' s singing or playing.

With carmen, cantilenam, versus, verba, etc., to sing, play, rehearse, recite:

cum Simonides cecinisset, id carmen, quod in Scopam scripsisset,

Cic. de Or. 2, 86, 352:

carmina quae in epulis canuntur,

id. Brut. 18, 71:

in eum (Cossum) milites carmina incondita aequantes eum Romulo canere,

Liv. 4, 20, 2:

Ascraeum cano carmen,

Verg. G. 2, 176; Suet. Caes. 49; Curt. 5, 1, 22: canere versus, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 36 Müll. (Ann. v. 222 Vahl.); Cic. Or. 51, 171; id. Brut. 18, 71:

neniam,

Suet. Aug. 100: idyllia erôtika, Gell. 19, 9, 4, § 10:

verba ad certos modos,

Ov. F. 3, 388:

Phrygium,

Quint. 1, 10, 33 Spald.—The homog. noun is rarely made the subject of the act. voice:

cum in ejus conviviis symphonia caneret,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 44, § 105.—

Prov.

Carmen intus canere, to sing for one ' s self, i. e. to consult only one ' s own advantage, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 20, § 53; id. Agr. 2, 26, 68; v. Aspendius.—

Cantilenam eandem canis, like the Gr. to auto adeis asma, ever the old tune, Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 10; v. cantilena.—

With definite objects.

In gen., to sing, to cause to resound, to celebrate in song, to sing of, Lucr. 5, 328:

laudes mortui,

Varr. L. L. 7, § 70 Müll.:

canere ad tibiam clarorum virorum laudes atque virtutes,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 2, 3; Quint. 1, 10, 10; 1, 10, 31; Liv. 45, 38, 12:

puellis carmine modulato laudes virtutum ejus canentibus,

Suet. Calig. 16 fin.:

dei laudes,

Lact. 6, 21, 9:

deorum laudes,

Val. Max. 1, 8, ext. 8.—So with de:

canere ad tibicinem de clarorum hominum virtutibus,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 2, 3 (cf. cantito):

praecepta,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 11:

jam canit effectos extremus vinitor antes,

Verg. G. 2, 417 Wagn. N. cr.:

nil dignum sermone,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 4:

quin etiam canet indoctum,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 9:

grandia elate, jucunda dulciter, moderata leniter canit,

Quint. 1, 10, 24; Cat. 63, 11:

Io! magna voce, Triumphe, canet,

Tib. 2, 5, 118; Ov. Tr. 4, 2, 52; cf. Hor. C. 4, 2, 47:

haec super arvorum cultu pecorumque canebam,

Verg. G. 4, 559 Wagn.: et veterem in limo ranae cecinere querelam, croaked (according to the ancient pronunciation, kekinere kuerelam, an imitation of the Aristophanic Brekekekex; v. the letter C), id. ib. 1, 378; Lucr. 2, 601:

anser Gallos adesse canebat,

Verg. A. 8, 656:

motibus astrorum nunc quae sit causa, canamus,

Lucr. 5, 510:

sunt tempestates et fulmina clara canenda,

id. 6, 84.—

With pers. objects ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

canitur adhuc barbaras apud gentes (Arminius),

Tac. A. 2, 88:

Herculem... ituri in proelia canunt,

id. G. 2:

Dianam,

Cat. 34, 3:

deos regesve,

Hor. C. 4, 2, 13:

Liberum et Musas Veneremque,

id. ib. 1, 32, 10:

rite Latonae puerum,

id. ib. 4, 6, 37;

1, 10, 5: plectro graviore Gigantas, Ov M. 10, 150: reges et proelia,

Verg. E. 6, 3; Hor. C. 4, 15, 32:

arma virumque,

Verg. A. 1, 1:

pugnasque virosque,

Stat. Th. 8, 553:

maxima bella et clarissimos duces,

Quint. 10, 1, 62.—Very rarely, to celebrate, without reference to song or poetry:

Epicurus in quădam epistulă amicitiam tuam et Metrodori grata commemoratione cecinerat,

Sen. Ep. 79, 13.—Esp. of fame, to trumpet abroad:

fama facta atque infecta canit,

Verg. A. 4, 190:

fama digna atque indigna canit,

Val. Fl. 217 al. —And prov., to sing or preach to the deaf:

non canimus surdis,

Verg. E. 10, 8: praeceptorum, quae vereor ne vana surdis auribus cecinerim. Liv. 40, 8, 10.—

Since the responses of oracles were given in verse, to prophesy, foretell, predict.

In poetry:

Sibylla, Abdita quae senis fata canit pedibus,

Tib. 2, 5, 16; cf.:

horrendas ambages,

Verg. A. 6. 99; 3, [p. 280] 444:

fera fata,

Hor. C. 1, 15, 4; cf. id. Epod. 13, 11; id. S. 2, 5, 58; Tib. 1, 7, 1; cf. id. 3, 3, 36; 1, 6, 50; Hor. C. S. 25:

et mihi jam multi crudele canebant Artificis scelus,

Verg. A. 2, 124; Hor. S. 1, 9, 30.—

In prose:

ut haec quae nunc fiunt, canere di inmortales viderentur,

Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 18:

non haec a me tum tamquam fata... canebantur?

id. Sest. 21, 47:

eum, qui ex Thetide natus esset, majorem patre suo futurum cecinisse dicuntur oracula,

Quint. 3, 7, 11; Just. 11, 7, 4; 7, 6, 1; Tac. A. 2, 54; id. H. 4, 54:

cecinere vates, idque carmen pervenerat ad antistitem fani Dianae,

Liv. 1, 45, 5; 5, 15, 4 sq.; 1, 7, 10; Tac. A. 14, 32; Liv. 30, 28, 2; cf. Nep. Att. 16, 4; cf.

of philosophers, etc.: ipsa memor praecepta Canam,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 11 Orell. ad loc.; cf.:

quaeque diu latuere, canam,

Ov. M. 15, 147.

In milit. lang., t. t., both act. and neutr., of signals, to blow, to sound, to give; or to be sounded, resound.

Act.:

bellicum (lit. and trop.) canere, v. bellicus: classicum, v. classicus: signa canere jubet,

to give the signal for battle, Sall. C. 59, 1; id. J. 99, 1:

Pompeius classicum apud eum (sc. Scipionem) cani jubet,

Caes. B. C. 3, 82.— Absol. without signum, etc.: tubicen canere coepit, Auct. B. Afr. 82; cf. Flor. 4, 2, 66.—

Neutr.:

priusquam signa canerent,

Liv. 1, 1, 7:

ut attendant, semel bisne signum canat in castris,

id. 27, 47, 3 and 5; 23, 16, 12;

24, 46 (twice): repente a tergo signa canere,

Sall. J. 94, 5; Liv. 7, 40, 10; Verg. A. 10, 310; Flor. 3, 18, 10:

classicum apud eos cecinit,

Liv. 28, 27, 15.—

Receptui canere, to sound a retreat:

Hasdrubal receptui propere cecinit (i. e. cani jussit),

Liv. 27, 47, 2; Tac. H. 2, 26.— Poet.:

cecinit jussos receptus,

Ov. M. 1, 340.—And in Livy impers.:

nisi receptui cecinisset,

if it had not sounded a counter-march, Liv. 26, 44, 4:

ut referrent pedem, si receptui cecinisset,

id. 3, 22, 6.—

Trop.:

revocante et receptui canente senatu,

Cic. Phil. 12, 3, 8:

ratio abstrahit ab acerbis cogitationibus a quibus cum cecinit receptui,

id. Tusc. 3, 15, 33:

antequam (orator) in has aetatis (sc. senectutis) veniat insidias, receptui canet,

Quint. 12, 11, 4.

to practice magic, to charm, etc., found in the derivv. cantus, canto, etc., are entirely wanting in this verb.

ăb-ĕo, ĭvi or ii, ītum, īre, v. n. (abin= abisne, Plaut. and Ter.; abiit, dissyl., v. Herm. Doctr. Metr. p. 153), to go from a place, to go away, depart.

Lit..

In gen., constr. with ab, ex, the simple abl., the acc. with in, the local adv. hinc, and absol.:

abeo ab illo,

Plaut. Cure. 2, 3, 70:

abi in malam rem maxumam a me,

id. Ep. 1, 1, 72 (v. infra); so id. Bacch. 4, 9, 107:

abin e conspectu meo?

id. Am. 1, 3, 20 (but also abin ab oculis? id. Trin. 4, 2, 140: id. Truc. 2, 5, 24):

ablturos agro Argivos,

id. Am. 1, 1, 53:

abire in aliquas terras,

Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 20:

insanus, qui hinc abiit modo,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 61:

abi prae, jam ego sequar,

go on, I will soon follow, id. Am. 1, 3, 45. —With supine:

abiit exsulatum,

into exile, Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 6; Liv. 2, 15 fin.; cf.:

abi deambulatum,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 26. — Absol.:

(Catilina) abiit, excessit, evasit, erupit,

Cic. Cat. 2, 1, 1:

praetor de sellā surrexit atque abiit,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 65 fin.:

quae dederat abeuntibus,

Verg. A. 1, 196 al.:

sub jugum abire,

Liv. 3, 2, 8 fin. — With inf.:

abi quaerere,

Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 26. —Of things:

cornus sub altum pectus abit,

penetrates deeply, Verg. A. 9, 700.

In partic.

To pass away, so that no trace remains; to disappear, vanish, cease.

Of man, to die:

qui nune abierunt hinc in communem locum (i.e. in Orcum),

Plaut. Cas. prol. 19; cf.:

ea mortem obiit, e medio abiit,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 30; so also Cic.: abiit e vitā, Tusc. 1, 30, 74 al. —

Of time, to pass away, elapse:

dum haec abiit hora,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 50:

menses,

id. Ad. 4, 5, 57:

annus,

Cic. Sest. 33, 72:

abit dies,

Cat. 61, 195:

tota abit hora,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 14. —

Of other things:

per inane profundum,

Lucr. 1, 1108:

nausea jam plane abiit?

Cic. Att. 14, 10, 2; so id. Fam. 9, 20; Ov. M. 7, 290 al.

To be changed from one's own ways or nature into something else, to be transformed, metamorphosed; always constr. with in (chiefly poet., esp. in Ov. M., as a constant expression for metamorphosis): terra abit in nimbos imbremque, Lucil. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 24 Mūll.:

in corpus corpore toto,

to pass with their whole body into another, Lucr. 4, 1111:

aut abit in somnum,

is, as it were, wholly dissolved in sleep, is all sleep, id. 3, 1066: E in V abiit. Varr. L. L. 5, § 91 Mūll.:

in villos abeunt vestes, in crura lacerti,

Ov. M. 1, 236; id. ib. 2, 674:

jam barba comaeque in silvas abeunt,

id. ib. 4, 657; 4, 396; so id. ib. 3, 398; 8,555; 14, 499;

14, 551 al.: in vanum abibunt monentium verba,

will dissolce into nothing, Sen. Ep. 94 med.;

hence, in avi mores regem abiturum,

would adopt the ways of, Liv. 1, 32.

Trop.

In gen., to depart from, to leave off, to turn aside:

ut ab jure non abeat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 44, § 114; so,

ab emptione,

Dig. 2, 14, 7, § 6; 18, 2, 14, § 2 sq.:

a venditione,

ib. 18, 5, 1: sed abeo a sensibus, leave, i. e. speak no more of, Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 9; so often with longe: non longe abieris, you need not go far to seek for examples, id. Fam. 7, 19; cf.:

ne longius abeam,

id. Rosc. Am. 16, 47; id. Caec. 33, 95 al.:

quid ad istas ineptias abis?

why do you have recourse to —? id. Rosc. Am. 16, 47:

abit causa in laudes Cn. Pompeii,

Quint. 9, 2, 55:

illuc, unde abii, redeo,

I set out, Hor. S. 1, 1, 108:

pretium retro abiit,

has fallen, Plin. Ep. 3, 19, 7.

In partic.

With abl., to retire from an office or occupation:

abiens magistratu,

Cic. Pis. 3, 6; id. Fam. 5, 2, 7: Liv. 2, 27 fin.; 3, 38 fin. al.; so,

abire consulatu,

Cic. Att. 1, 16, 5; cf.

flaminio,

Liv. 26, 23 fin.:

sacerdotio,

Gell. 6, 7, 4:

honore,

Suet. Aug. 26:

tutelā,

Dig. 26, 4, 3, § 8; cf.:

tutelā vel curā,

ib. 26, 10, 3, § 18 al.

Of the consequence or result of an action, to turn out, end, terminate:

mirabar hoc si sic abiret,

Ter. And. 1, 2, 4: cf.:

non posse ista sic abire,

Cic. Att. 14, 1; so id. Fin. 5, 3, 7; Cat. 14, 16 al.

In auctions, t. t., not to be knocked down to one:

si res abiret ab eo mancipe,

should not fall to him, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 54; cf.:

ne res abiret ab eo,

that he may purchase it, id. 2, 3, 64; so Dig. 18, 2, 1; 50, 17, 205.

The imper. abi is often a simple exclamation or address, either with a friendly or reproachful signif.

Abi, Indis me, credo, Begone, you are fooling me! Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 32; so Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 25; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 205. —

Begone! be off! abi modo, Plaut. Poen. 1, 3, 20:

abi, nescis inescare homines,

Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 12;

bence in the malediction, abi in malam rem!

go be hanged! Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 17:

abin hine in malam crucem?

id. Most. 3, 2, 163 (ef. Cic.: quin tu abis in malam pestem malumque cruciatum? Phil. 13, 21); v. crux and cruciatus.

oblīviscor, lītus (archaic inf. obliscier. Att. Tr. 190; 488), 3, v. dep. [ob and livor, q. v.; livēre, to become dark; hence, to have the mind darkened, forget], to forget; constr. with gen. of pers. and with gen. or acc. of thing; less freq. with inf. or a rel.clause (class.; cf. dedisco).

With gen. of person:

vivorum memini, nec tamen Epicuri licet oblivisci,

Cic. Fin. 5, 1, 3: nescio hercule, neque unde eam, neque quorsum eam;

ita prorsum oblitus sum mei,

I have so completely forgotten myself, been lost in thought, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 15:

regisque ducumque meique,

Ov. M. 13, 276:

dum tu ades, sunt oblitae sui,

Cic. Fam. 9, 12, 1:

nec oblitus sui est Ithacus discrimine tanto,

was not forgetful of himself, untrue to his nature, Verg. A. 3, 629; cf. Val. Fl. 3, 664: sui, to forget one's self, know nothing of one's former self, sc. after death, Sen. Herc. Fur. 292; also, to forget one's self in a character represented or assumed:

tamquam in eo tragoediae argumento sui oblitus tantum Catonem cogitāsset,

Tac. Or. 2. —

With gen. of thing:

meminens naturae et professionis oblitus,

Sid. Ep. 4, 12:

nec umquam obliviscar noctis illius, etc.,

Cic. Planc. 42, 101; cf.:

oblivisci temporum meorum,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 8:

ut nostrae dignitatis simus obliti,

id. ib. 1, 7, 7:

veterumque oblitus honorum,

Ov. M. 7, 543; Just. 4, 2, 5:

oblivisci veteris contumeliae, recentium injuriarum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 14:

controversiarum ac dissensionum,

id. ib. 7, 34:

pristini instituti,

id. B. C. 3, 57:

offensarum,

Tac. H. 2, 1:

tot exemplorum,

Quint. 9, 2, 86.—

With acc. of thing:

qui quod dedit id ob litust datum,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 24:

officium meum,

id. Cas. 1, 1, 16:

injurias,

Cic. Cael. 20, 50; cf.:

artificium obliviscatur,

id. Rosc. Am. 17, 49:

res praeclarissimas,

id. Mil. 23, 63:

totam causam,

id. Brut. 60, 218:

haec tam crebra Etruriae concilia,

Liv. 5, 5, Drak. N. cr.:

ut alia obliviscar,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 31, 87.—With acc. of person:

obliti sunt Deum,

Vulg. Psa. 105, 21; 49, 22.—

With inf.:

oblita pharetram tollere,

Ov. M. 2, 439:

suas quatere pennas,

id. ib. 4, 676: dicere aliquid. Ter. And. 5, 1, 22:

obliviscor, Roscium et Cluvium viros esse primarios,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 17, 50.—

With a rel.clause:

in scriptis obliviscebatur, quid paulo ante posuisset,

Cic. Brut. 60, 218.—

Poet., transf., of things:

saeclis obliviscentibus,

i. e. causing forgetfulness, Cat. 68, 43:

oblito pectore,

id. 64, 207: pomaque degenerant sucos oblita priores, forgetting, i. e. being deprived of losing, Verg. G. 2, 59; imitated by Col. poët. 10, 408.—

Prov.:

oblivisci nomen suum,

to forget one's own name, to have a bad memory, Petr. 66.—

Part. fut. pass.:

oblitusque meorum, obliviscendus et illis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 9:

obliviscendi stratiotici,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 49.

signif. ( poet. and late Lat.):

post emancipationem in totum adoptivae familiae obliviscuntur,

Dig. 23, 2, 60, § 6:

oblita carmina,

Verg. E. 9, 53; Val. Fl. 2, 388:

oblitos superūm dolores,

id. 1, 791:

suis hominibus oblitus,

August. Mus. 4, 4.

ā-mitto, mīsi, missum, 3, v. a. (amīsti, sync., = amisisti, Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 10; id. Hec. 2, 2, 9:

amīssis, sync., = amiseris,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 70).

1. A.. In gen., to send away from one's self, to dismiss (thus, anteclass., freq. in Plaut. and Ter.): quod nos dicimus dimittere, antiqui etiam dicebant amittere, Don. ad Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 71; Att. ap. Non. 75, 32:

stulte feci, qui hunc (servum) amisi,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 66; id. ib. 4, 5, 25; so id. ib. 4, 5, 28:

quo pacto hic servos suum erum hinc amittat domum,

id. Capt. prol. 36:

et te et hunc amittam hinc,

id. ib. 2, 2, 82; so id. Most. 2, 2, 2; id. Men. 5, 8, 6 al.:

ut neque mi jus sit amittendi nec retinendi copia,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 24; 5, 8, 27; id. And. 5, 3, 27; id. Heaut. 4, 8, 17 al.:

testis mecum est anulus, quem amiserat,

which he had sent away, id. Ad. 3, 2, 49; Varr. ap. Non. 83, 12.—

Spec., to let go, let slip:

praedā de manibus amissā,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20.—With simple abl.:

praedam ex oculis manibusque amittere,

Liv. 30, 24; 29, 32 et saep.:

Sceledre, manibus amisisti praedam,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 47 Ritschl.—

Trop.

In gen.:

istam rem certum est non amittere,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 217:

tibi hanc amittam noxiam unam,

to remit, to pardon, id. Poen. 1, 2, 191:

occasionem amittere,

Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 58; so Cic. Caecin. 5, 15; id. Att. 15, 11; Caes. B. G. 3, 18 al. (opp. occasionem raptare, Cic.:

arripere, Liv.: complecti, Plin. Min.: intellegere, Tac.): servire tempori et non amittere tempus cum sit datum,

Cic. Att. 8, 3, 6:

fidem amittere,

to break their word given on oath, Nep. Eun. 10, 2 Dähn.; Ov. M. 15, 556 al.—

Of trees, to let go, let fall, to drop, lose:

punica florem amittit,

Plin. 16, 26, 46, § 109:

pyrus et amygdala amittunt florem et primos fructus,

id. ib.:

ocissime salix amittit semen,

id. 16, 26, 46, § 110.—

Esp., to lose (commonly without criminality, by mistake, accident, etc.; while perdere usually designates a losing through one's own fault; and omittere, to allow a thing to pass by or over, which one might have obtained): Decius amisit vitam; at non perdidit: dedit vitam, accepit patriam: amisit animam, potitus est gloriā, Auct. ad Her. 4, 44, 57: Multa amittuntur tarditie et socordiā, Att. ap. Non. 181, 21 (Trag. Rel. p. 73 Rib.):

Simul consilium cum re amisti?

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 10:

amittit vitam sensumque priorem,

Lucr. 3, 769 et saep.:

imperii jus amittere,

Cic. Phil. 10, 5 fin.:

ut totam litem aut obtineamus aut amittamus,

id. Rosc. Com. 4, 10:

classes optimae amissae et perditae,

id. Verr. 1, 5, 13:

filium amisit (sc. per mortem),

id. Fam. 4, 6; so Tac. Agr. 6; Suet. Vesp. 3; id. Calig. 12:

oppidum Capsam et magnam pecuniam amiserat,

Sall. J. 97, 1:

patrimoniis amissis,

id. C. 37, 5:

amittere optimates, i. e. favorem, animum eorum,

Nep. Dion, 7, 2 Dähn.:

patriam,

Liv. 5, 53:

exercitum,

id. 8, 33:

opera amissa (sc. incendio) restituit,

id. 5, 7; so Suet. Claud. 6:

si reperire vocas amittere certius,

i. e. to know more certainly that she is lost, Ov. M. 5, 519:

colores,

Hor. C. 3, 5, 27; so id. S. 1, 1, 60; 2, 5, 2 (not elsewh. in Hor.).