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1 esera
esera Grammatical information: f. ā Proto-Slavic meaning: `fishbone, awn'Page in Trubačev: VI 29-30Polish:fishbone, fish scales' [Nompf ā]Slovincian:jìe̯zo_ră `fishbone' [f ā]Polabian:jeseråi `awn, beard (on ears of grain)' [f ā]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: eś-er-aʔLithuanian:ešerỹs `perch (perca fluvialis), fin' [f ā] 3b;ašerỹs (dial.) `perch (perca fluvialis), fin' [f ā] 3bLatvian:Indo-European reconstruction: h₂eḱ-er-Certainty: +Page in Pokorny: 18Comments: It seems obvious that this Balto-Slavic etymon is cognate with Germanic *ah-s-/*ah-iz- `ear', cf. Go. ahs n., OIc. ax n., OHG ahir, ehir n., and with such forms as OHG ahil `Ährenspitze', MoE (arch.) ail `beard on wheat and barley' (Kluge s.v. Ähre). A nice parallel for the meaning `perch' is OIc. ǫgr `bass' < *agura- < h₂eḱ-. Since the root is probably *h₂eḱ- `sharp', the forms with *e- must be considered instances of Rozwadowski's change. Note that we find a- in the Latvian forms but also in Lith. ašakà `fishbone' and aš(t)rùs `sharp'.Notes:It seems obvious that this Balto-Slavic etymon is cognate with Germanic *ah-s-/*ah-iz- `ear', cf. Go. ahs n., OIc. ax n., OHG ahir, ehir n., and with such forms as OHG ahil `Ährenspitze', MoE (arch.) ail `beard on wheat and barley' (Kluge s.v. Ähre). A nice parallel for the meaning `perch' is OIc. ǫgr `bass' < *agura- < h₂eḱ-. Since the root is probably *h₂eḱ- `sharp', the forms with *e- must be considered instances of Rozwadowski's change. Note that we find a- in the Latvian forms but also in Lith. ašakà `fishbone' and aš(t)rùs `sharp'. -
2 às(ъ)trę̄bъ
às(ъ)trę̄bъ; às(ъ)trě̄bъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `hawk'Page in Trubačev: I 83-85Russian:jástreb `hawk' [m o]Old Russian:Ukrainian:jástrib `hawk' [m o];astrjáb (dial.) `hawk' [m o];jástrjab `hawk' [m o]Czech:jestřáb `hawk' [m o]Old Czech:jestřáb `hawk' [m o];jěstřáb `hawk' [m o]Slovak:Polish:jastrząb `hawk' [m jo], jastrzębia [Gens] \{1\}Slovincian:jȧ̃střïb `hawk' [m o]Upper Sorbian:jatřob `hawk' [m jo]Lower Sorbian:jastśeb `hawk' [m jo]Serbo-Croatian:jȁstrijeb `hawk' [m o];Čak. jȁstrēb (Vrgada) `hawk' [m o];Čak. jãstrop (Orlec) `hawk' [m o]Slovene:jȃstreb `hawk' [m o]Bulgarian:jástreb `hawk' [m o]Comments: As far as I can see, there are no serious objections to the daring etymology *h₁oh₁ḱu-ptr- `fast-flier' (Vey 1953). According to Vey, the Slovene falling tone points to the former presence of a weak jer in the medial syllable, but it seems to me that the neo-circumflex may also reflect original posttonic length. The compound has nice parallels in Homeric ἴρηξ ὠκύπτερος Ν 62 `a swift-winged hawk (or falcon)' and Lat. accipiter `hawk, falcon'.Other cognates:Notes:\{1\} The original Gsg. jastrzęba was replaced by jastrzębia on the analogy of goɫąb, Gsg. goɫębia `pigeon' (Bańkowski 2000: 577). -
3 às(ъ)trě̄bъ
às(ъ)trę̄bъ; às(ъ)trě̄bъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `hawk'Page in Trubačev: I 83-85Russian:jástreb `hawk' [m o]Old Russian:Ukrainian:jástrib `hawk' [m o];astrjáb (dial.) `hawk' [m o];jástrjab `hawk' [m o]Czech:jestřáb `hawk' [m o]Old Czech:jestřáb `hawk' [m o];jěstřáb `hawk' [m o]Slovak:Polish:jastrząb `hawk' [m jo], jastrzębia [Gens] \{1\}Slovincian:jȧ̃střïb `hawk' [m o]Upper Sorbian:jatřob `hawk' [m jo]Lower Sorbian:jastśeb `hawk' [m jo]Serbo-Croatian:jȁstrijeb `hawk' [m o];Čak. jȁstrēb (Vrgada) `hawk' [m o];Čak. jãstrop (Orlec) `hawk' [m o]Slovene:jȃstreb `hawk' [m o]Bulgarian:jástreb `hawk' [m o]Comments: As far as I can see, there are no serious objections to the daring etymology *h₁oh₁ḱu-ptr- `fast-flier' (Vey 1953). According to Vey, the Slovene falling tone points to the former presence of a weak jer in the medial syllable, but it seems to me that the neo-circumflex may also reflect original posttonic length. The compound has nice parallels in Homeric ἴρηξ ὠκύπτερος Ν 62 `a swift-winged hawk (or falcon)' and Lat. accipiter `hawk, falcon'.Other cognates:Notes:\{1\} The original Gsg. jastrzęba was replaced by jastrzębia on the analogy of goɫąb, Gsg. goɫębia `pigeon' (Bańkowski 2000: 577).
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