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  • 21 HALDA

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    (held; hélt, héldum; haldinn), v.
    I. with dat.
    1) to hold fast (Gunnarr var kyrr svá at honum hélt einn maðr);
    to keep back, restrain (Hrafn fekk eigi haldit henni heima);
    2) to withhold (héldu bœndrgjaldinu);
    3) to keep, retain (þú skalt jafhan þessu sæti halda);
    to preserve (halda virðingu sinni, lífi ok limum);
    halda vöku sinni, to keep oneself awake;
    4) to hold, keep one’s stock;
    also ellipt. (vetr var illr ok héldu menn illa);
    5) phrases, halda njósnum, to keep watch, to spy (= halda njósnum til um e-t);
    halda (hendi) fyrir auga, to hold (the hand) before the eyes, shade the eyes;
    halda hendi yfir e-m, to protect one;
    6) to hold, stand, steer, ellipt., þeir héldu aptr (held back again) um haustit;
    þeir héldu út eptir fírði, they stood out the firth;
    halda heim, to steer homewards;
    7) to graze, put in the field (halda fé til haga);
    8) impers. to continue, last (hélt því lengi um vetrinn);
    II. with acc.
    1) to hold in possession, a fief, land, estate (þeir héldu alla hina beztu staði með sjónum);
    2) to hold, keep, observe, a feast, holiday (í hvers minning heldr þú þenna. dag?);
    3) to keep (halda orð sín, eið, sættir, frið);
    to observe (halda guðs lög ok landsins);
    4) to uphold, maintain, support (halda vini sína, halda e-n til ríkis);
    5) halda sik, to comport oneself (kunna halda sik með hófi);
    halda sik ríkmannliga, to fare sumptuously;
    halda sik aptr af e-u, to abstain from;
    6) to hold, consider, deem (hón hélt engan hans jafningja);
    7) to hold, keep up;
    halda varnir, to keep up a defence;
    halda vörð, to keep watch;
    8) to hold, compel, bind (heldr mik þá ekki til útanferðar);
    þó heldr þik várkunn til at leita á, thou hast some excuse for trying;
    III. with preps.:
    halda á e-u, to hold, wield in the hand (halda á sverði);
    to hold to a thing, go on with it, be busy about (halda á drykkju, á ferð sinni, á sýslu);
    halda e-t af e-m, to hold (land, office) from or of one (þeir er höfðu haldið land af Danakonungi);
    halda mikit af e-m, to make much of one;
    halda eptir e-m, to pursue one;
    halda e-u eptir, to keep back;
    halda sik frá e-u, to keep oneself back from, refrain from;
    halda e-u fram, to uphold, support;
    halda e-u fyrir e-u, to withhold from one;
    to protect against (héldu engar grindr fénu fyrir birninum);
    halda e-n fyrir e-t, to hold, consider one to be so and so (síðan hélt konungr Erling fyrir tryggvan vin);
    halda í e-t, to hold fast, grasp (þú skalt halda í hurðarhringinn);
    halda til e-s, to be the cause of, be conducive to;
    heldr þar margt til þess, there are many reasons for this;
    hélt til þess (conduced to it) góðgirni hans;
    halda til e-s, to be bent on, fond of (halda mjök til skarts, til gleði);
    halda til jafns við e-n, to bear up against one, to be a match for one;
    halda um e-t, to grasp with the hand (= halda hendi um e-t);
    halda barni undir skírn, to hold at baptism;
    halda e-u upp, to hold aloft, lift (halda upp höndum);
    halda upp árum, to hold up the oars, cease pulling;
    to uphold, maintain, support (halda upp hofum, kristninni);
    to keep going (halda upp bardaga);
    to discharge (halda upp kostnaði, bótum);
    halda upp bœnum fyrir e-m, to pray for one;
    halda e-u við, to maintain a thing;
    halda við e-m, to stand against (hvar sem harm kom fram, hélt ekki við honum);
    hélt þá við atgöngu (acc.), they were near coming to fight;
    heldr nú við hót, it is little short of threats;
    IV. refl., haldast.
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    pret. hélt (= Goth. haihald), 2nd pérs. hélt, mod. hélzt, pl. héldum; pres. held, pl. höldum; pret. subj. héldi; part. haldinn; imperat. hald and haltú: [Ulf. haldan = βόσκειν, ποιμαίνειν, whereas he renders to keep, hold by other words; Hel. haldan = alere, fovere, colere, which thus seems to be the primitive sense of the word, and to be akin to Lat. cŏlo; again, A. S. healdan, Engl. hold, O. H. G. haltan, Germ. halten, Swed. hålla, halda, Dan. holde, are all of them used in a more general sense]:—to hold.
    A. WITH DAT. to hold to:
    I. to hold fast by; with the notion of restraint or force, tók Gizurr förunaut Ögmundar ok hélt honum, Sturl. i. 150; Gunnarr var kyrr svá at honum hélt einn maðr, Nj. 92; ef maðr heldr manni …, varðar fjörbaugs-garð, Grág. ii. 110; h. e-m undir drep, 17; h. skipum ( to grapple the ships) með stafnljám, Fms. ii. 315: to keep back, Hrafn fékk eigi haldit henni heima þar, Ísl. ii. 249; ok halda þeim veðr í enni sömu höfn, Grág. i. 92; h. (sér) í e-t, to hold oneself fast by, grasp, þú skalt h. í hurðar-hringinn, Dropl. 29; heldr sér í faxit, Sd. 177.
    β. so in the phrases, halda barni (manni) undir skírn, vatn, primsignan, biskups hönd, eccl. to hold a bairn ( man) at baptism, prima signatio, confirmation, Grág. i. 29; h. vatni (tárum), to hold one’s tears, 623. 56, Fms. viii. 232, vi. (in a verse); halda munni, to hold one’s tongue, be silent, vii. 227; halda tungu sinni, Þórð.
    2. to withhold; þá megu þeir h. tíundum hans í móti, K. Þ. K. 62; h. vætti, Grág. i. 42; h. gögnum, 56; ef goði heldr tylftar-kvið, er hann heldr kviðnum, 58; halda matinum fyrir honum, 47; h. sköttum fyrir e-m, Nj. 8; h. skógar-manni fyrir e-m, Finnb. 334; um þat er hann hefir konunni haldit, Grág. i. 313; héldu bændr gjaldinu, Fms. vii. 302; hélt ek því (i. e. the money) fyrir honum, i. e. paid it not, Ísl. ii. 244.
    II. to hold, of a rope or the like; sá maðr hugði h. mundu er festi, … ok h. mundu í slíku veðri, Grág. ii. 361; reip þau tíu er tveggja manna afli haldi hvert, id.; skal hann svá göra at haldi fyrir fyrnsku, 268.
    β. to hold, hold out, last; optast halda þar íllviðri litla hríð, Sks. 212; sunnudags-helgi ríss upp á laugardegi, ok heldr ( lasts) til mánadags, N. G. L. i. 138.
    III. to keep, retain, Germ. behalten; fá-ein skip héldu seglum sinum, Fms. x. 143; þú skalt jafnan þessu sæti h., Nj. 6; h. bústað sínum, Ld. 26; h. ríki sínu, Al. 58, Fms. i. 13; h. öllum Noregi, viii. 155; h. frelsi ok eignum, vi. 40; h. hlut sínum, to uphold one’s right, Eg. passim; halt sömum vinum sem ek hefi haft, Fas. i. 375; h. hreinleik sínum, Al. 58.
    β. to hold, keep safe, preserve; h. hlut sínum, Ld. 54; h. heilsu, Grág. i. 145; h. virðingu sinni, Ld. 16; þá heldr hann kosti sínum, Grág. ii. 209; h. tíma ( honour) sínum, Al. 59; h. lífi ok limum, Eg. 89; h. lífinu, Nj. 111; h. trúnaði sínum, 109; vináttu sinni, Ld. 200; einorð sinni, Fb. ii. 265; h. sér réttum, to keep oneself right, Ld. 158; h. e-m heilum, Odd. 30; h. ríki fyrir e-m, Fms. v. 279; h. manna-forræði fyrir e-m, Hrafn. 19; h. réttu máli fyrir e-m, Fms. vii. 64.
    2. to continue to keep, keep all along; h. teknum hætti, Fms. iv. 254; h. vöku, to keep oneself awake, Ld. 152; but h. vöku fyrir e-m, to keep another awake; halda sýslu sinni, Fs. 36; h. högum, to keep grazing, Eb. 104, Ld. 148.
    3. to hold, keep one’s stock; ellipt., vetr var íllr ok héldu menn ílla, the winter was cold and it was ill to keep live stock, Sturl. ii. 143, (cp. fjár-höld); hann hélt vel svá at nær lifði hvat-vetna, Hrafn. 22: metaph., ílla hefir þinn faðir þá haldit, Fms. xi. 144; öld hefir ílla haldit, the people have had a sad loss, vi. (in a verse); h. fangi, and also ellipt. halda, of sheep and cattle, opp. to ‘to go back.’
    4. phrases, halda njósnum, to keep watch, to spy, Fms. viii. 146, Nj. 113; hann hélt njósnum til Önundar, Landn. 287; hélt konungr njósnum til, ef …, Fms. vii. 128; hann skyldi h. njósnum til ok gera orð konungi, i. 54; h. njósnum til um e-t, iv. 119, Nj. 93; halda njósn (sing.) um skip þat, Eg. 74; þér haldit njósnum nær færi gefr á Arnkatli, Eb. 186; hann lét h. njósnum uppi á landi, Fms. vii. 316; hann hélt fréttum til, ef …, iv. 349.
    β. halda (hendi) fyrir auga, to hold ( the hand) before the eyes, shade the eyes, Nj. 132, Fms. v. 196; h. fyrir munn e-m, to hold ( the hand) over one’s mouth; h. hendi yfir e-m, to hold the hand over one, protect one, Nj. 266, Fbr. 22, Korm.; h. hendi um háls e-m, to clasp the hands around one’s neck, Fms. i. 9; h. skildi fyrir e-n, to hold the shield for one as a second in a duel, Ísl. ii. 257, passim; h. e-m til náms, to hold one to the book, make one study, K. Þ. K. 56; h. e-m til virðingar, Ld. 98.
    IV. ellipt. (liði, skipi, för, stefnu, etc. understood), to hold, stand in a certain direction, esp. as a naut. term; þeir héldu aptr ( stood back again) um haustið, Eg. 69; treystisk hann eigi á haf at halda, Eb. 6; héldu þeir vestr um haf, id.; stigu þeir á skip sín, ok héldu út ( stood out) eptir firði, Fms. i. 63; þeir héldu þat sama sumar til Íslands, Ld. 6; hann hélt upp eptir hinni eystri kvísl, Fms. vii. 55; h. heim, to hold one’s course, stand homewards, Odd. 30; h. á braut, Grág. i. 92; Hrútr hélt suðr til Eyrar-sunds, Nj. 8; h. eptir e-m, to pursue one, 7; h. undan, to fly, Fms. x. 396, Nj. 98 (on land); kom móti þeim sunnan-veðr með myrkri, ok urðu þeir fyrir at h., to lay one’s course for the wind, A. A. 271; h. útleið, to stand on the outer tack, Eg. 78; h. til, to turn against, attack (on sea), Fms. xi. 72; hélt hann liði sínu suðr á Mæri, i. 62; þeir héldu liði sínu norðr til Þrándheims, id.; Haraldr konungr hélt norðan liði sínu, Eg. 32; héldu þeir skipi því suðr með landi, 69; skipi því lét hann halda vestr til Englands, id.; Unnr hélt skipinu í Orkneyjar, eptir þat hélt Unnr skipi sínu til Færeyja, Ld. 8.
    β. to graze, put in the field, of sheep, cattle; þykkir mér þat miklu skipta at þeim sé vel til haga haldit, Eg. 714; hvert Steinarr hafði látið nautum sínum halda, 715; ok bað hann h. nautunum annan veg, 716.
    γ. phrases, halda kyrru fyrir, to hold still, remain quiet, Ld. 216, Þórð. 30 new Ed., Nj. 223, 258; Hallr heldr nú til fangs ( went fishing) sem áðr, Ld. 38.
    V. with prep.; halda á e-u, to hold, wield in the hand, freq. in mod. usage, h. á bók, penna, fjöðr, hníf, skærum, nál, etc.; hafði hverr þat er hélt á, Nj. 279; h. á sverði, Fb. i. 33; hann tók við öxinni ok hélt (viz. á), ok sá á, Eg. 180: to hold fast, heldr nú maðr á manni, Fas. i. 12; eigi máttu helvítis byrgi h. á honum, 656 C. 6; ef hann heldr á fénu ( withholds it), Grág. i. 427.
    β. [Germ. anhalten], to hold to a thing, go on with, be busy about; h. á sýslu, to be busy, Rm. 14; h. á keri, qs. halda á drykkju, to go on drinking, carousing, Hm. 18: h. á hinni sömu bæn, Stj. 417; h. á fyrirsátrum við e-n, Þórð. 51 new Ed.; h. á búnaði sínum, Ld. 164; hélt hann þá á búnaði sínum sem skjótligast, Fms. ix. 215, x. 119, Sturl. ii. 245; þogar á bak Jólum hélt Ólafr konungr á búningi, Fms. v. 41; hann heldr nú á málinu, Nj. 259; nú heldr Þórðr á málinu ok verðr Oddný honum gipt, Bjarn. 11, Konr. (Fr.); h. á tilkalli, Fms. i. 84; h. á þessum sið, xi. 41; h. á för, to go on with one’s journey, Sighvat; gengu síðan brott ok héldu á ferð sinni, and went on their journey, Sturl.;—whence the mod. phrase, halda áfram, to go on, which seems not to occur in old writers.
    2. halda e-u fram, to hold up, make much of; bróðir minn mun mér mjök hafa fram haldit fyrir ástar sakir, Nj. 3.
    β. to hold on doing, (hence fram-hald, continuation); halda fram upp-teknu efni, Fms. i. 263; slíku hélt hann fram meðan hann lifði, iv. 254; hélt hann (fram) teknum hætti um veizlurnar, id., Grett. 14.
    3. halda saman, to hold together, Eluc. 6, Fms. vii. 140, Rb. 340.
    4. halda e-u upp, to hold aloft, Yngvarr hélt upp vísu þeirri, Eg. 152; steinninn heldr upp annarr öðrum, Rb. 390; h. upp árum, to hold up the oars, cease pulling, Fas. ii. 517, N. G. L. i. 65.
    β. to uphold, maintain, support; halda upp hofi, Landn. 64, Eb. 24; h. upp hofum ok efla blót, Fms. i. 91; h. upp kirkju, K. Þ. K. 52; h. upp Kristninni, Fms. i. 32: to keep going, h. upp bardaga, orrostu, xi. 66, 188, 340.
    γ. to discharge; h. upp féráns-dómi, Grág. i. 120; h. upp lögskilum, 145; h. upp svörum, Ó. H. 174; h. upp kostnaði, Eg. 77; h. upp gjaldi, Grág. i. 384; gjöldum, Fms. i. 81; h. upp bót, Grág. ii. 182; bótum, Eb. 100, 162, N. G. L. i. 311; ef hann heldr upp yfirbót ( penance) þeirri, Hom. 70; h. upp bænum fyrir e-m, to pray for one, Fms. xi. 271; hélt hann því vel upp sem vera átti, discharged it well, x. 93.
    δ. halda sér vel upp, to hold oneself well up, Sturl.
    ε. metaph., skal-at hann lögvillr verða, svá at honum haldi þat uppi (i. e. went unpunished), Grág. i. 316; ok heldr honum þat uppi ( that will save him), ef hann er rétt-hafi at orðinn, ii. 242.
    5. halda e-u við, to maintain a thing, Hkr. i. 195.
    VI. impers.,
    1. to continue, last; hélt því nokkura stund dags, Fms. x. 125: hélt því lengi um vetrinn, Ld. 288; regni hélt haustnótt gegnum, Fms. vi. 83.
    2. with prep. við, to be on the brink of; hélt þá við atgöngu, they were within a hair’s breadth of coming to fight, Hkr. i. 143; hélt þá við vandræði, Fms. ix. 434; heldr við bardaga, vi. 8; heldr nú við hót, it is little short of a threat, i. 305; hélt við blót, x. 106; ok hélt við flótta, i. 174; hélt við meiðingar, Nj. 21, Sd. 143; henni hélt við, at hón mundi drepa hana, Nj. 118; þeim hélt við váða sjálfan, Ó. H. 168; konungi hélt við, hvárt hann mundi standask eðr eigi, Mag. 100; honum hélt við kafnan, Bs. i. 18; hélt þó við at þeir mundi berjask, Fs. 53.
    B. WITH ACC. to hold:
    I. to hold in possession, a fief, land, estate, office, or the like; þeir héldu alla hina beztu staði með sjónum, Fms. xi. 131; þeir er áðr höfðu haldit land af Dana-konungi, i. 232; Eirekr skyldi h. land af Aðalsteini konungi, 23; Vemundr hélt Firða-fylki, Eg. 12; hélt hann þat ríki undir Knút konungi, Ísl. ii. 242; í þeirri borg héldu þeir langfeðgar fimmtán konungdóma, Ver. 37; h. land sem leigu-land, Grág. ii. 278; konungrinn heldr af Guði nafnit, Sks. 599 B; prestar er kirkjur halda, H. E. i. 486; sá prestr er heldr Pétrs-kirkju, N. G. L. i. 312; presta þeirra er kirkju halda, 346; skal sá maðr ráða er kirkju heldr, K. Þ. K. 60; Ólafs kirkju þá er Væringjar halda (the parish church of W.), Hkr. iii. 408.
    2. halda ábyrgju, ábyrgð á e-n, to have the responsibility of a thing, Grág. ii. 399, K. Þ. K. 66; h. grip, to be in the possession of, Grág. i. 438, ii. 190; h. skóla, to keep a school, Mar.; h. fylgð, to perform, Fms. ix. 279; eiga vandræði at h., to be in a strait, difficulty, Eb. 108.
    II. to hold, keep, observe, a feast, holiday, or the like; halda kirkju-dag, K. Þ. K. 42; í hvers minning heldr þú þenna dag? Nj. 157; h. helgan þvátt-dag hvern, Pr. 437; h. helga daga, Sl.; h. Jóla-dag, Páska, Hvíta-sunnu, Rb. 134; minnstú að h. helgan hvíldar-daginn Drottins Guðs þíns (the Fourth Commandment in the Icel. version); h. heilagt, to keep holiday, Dipl. ii. 14; í dag þá hátíð höldum vér til himna sté vor Herra, Hólabók 54; er Júdar héldu hátíðligt, Stj. 110; (hence forn-haldinn, time-honoured): of the day-marks (vide dagr, p. 95), er þaðan haldinn miðr-morgin, Hrafn. 9.
    2. to keep; halda orð sín, to keep one’s word, Fms. x. 95; höldum öll einka-mál vár, vii. 305; h. sættir, Nj. 57; gerðú svá vel, félagi, at þú halt vel sætt þessa, 111, Sturl. iii. 153, Fs. 65, Gullþ. 20; hann kvaðsk vilja hafa svardaga af þeim ok festu, at halda, Nj. 164; h. eið, Sturl. iii. 153; h. frið, to keep peace, Greg. 7; ef þú vilt nokkura hluti eigi h. þá er ek hefi á lagt við þik, Eg. 738: to observe faith, law, rite, etc., halda átrúnað, Fms. i. 34, x. 277; h. Guðs lög ok landsins, vii. 305; h. lands lög, viii. 155; h. ein lög, 625. 52; hafa ok halda þau lög, Fms. i. 34; h. Kristilega trú, K. Á. 74; h. mál (orð) e-s, Greg. 17; h. alla hluti með athugasamlegu minni, Sks. 439.
    3. to keep, tend; halda geitr, Hkv. 2. 20 (exactly as in Gothic).
    III. to uphold, maintain, support; þykkir mér þér sé nú ísjár-vert, hvárt þú munt fá haldit þik eðr eigi, Nj. 155; munu vér þó ekki einhlitir at h. oss eptir þessi verk, Háv. 50; at hón mætti með valdi h. sik ok menn sína, Fas. i. 375; þat væri nokkurr várkunn, at þú héldir frænda þinn eðr fóstbróður, en þetta er alls engi (at) halda útlaga konungs, Ó. H. 145; enda ætla ek lítinn viljann til at h. vini þína, Fms. vii. 244; því at Eysteinn konungr kenndi Inga konungi, at hann héldi þá menn, 248; ef þú heldr hann ( upholdest him) til þess at ganga á vini mína, Eg. 339; viljum vér allir fylgja þér ok þik til konungs halda, Fms. i. 34; Stephanus skyldi h. hann til laga ok réttinda, Sks. 653; h. e-n til ríkis, Fb. i. 236; vinsæld föður hans hélt hann mest til alþýðu vináttu, Fms. vii. 175; þeir sem upp h. ( sustain) þenna líkama, Anecd. 4.
    β. phrases, halda e-m kost, borð, to keep at board, entertain, Fms. ix. 220, x. 105, 146, Nj. 6; or, halda e-n at klæðum ok drykk, Ó. H. 69; h. stríð, bellum gerere (not class.), Fms. x. 51; h. úfrið, Fas. ii. 539.
    2. halda sik, to comfort oneself, Sks. 281, Hom. 29; kunna sik með hófi at h., Sturl. iii. 108; h. sik ríkmannliga, to fare sumptuously, Ld. 234; hann hélt betr húskarla sína en aðrir, Fms. vii. 242; h. mjök til skarts, to dress fine, Ld. 196; þar var Hrefna ok hélt allmjök til skarts, id.; hann var hægr hvers-dagliga, ok hélt mjök til gleði, Sturl. iii. 123; hélt hann hér mjök til vinsælda ok virðinga, he enjoyed much popularity and fame, Ld. 298.
    β. ellipt. (sik understood), at h. til jafns við e-n, to bear up against one, to be a match for one, Ld. 40; ef þér hefir eigi til þess hug eðr afl at h. til jafns við e-n húskarl Þorsteins, Eg. 714; h. til fullnaðar, to stand on one’s full rights; ef þær taka eigi fullrétti, eðr h. eigi til fullnaðar, Grág. ii. 109; h. fullara, to hold one above other men, Ó. H. (in a verse); lét konungr þá h. mjök til ( make great preparations) at syngja messu hátíðliga, Hkr. i. 287.
    3. to hold forth, put forward; at þeim inyiidi þungbýlt vera í nánd honum, ef þeir héldi nokkurn annan fyrir betra mann en hann, Ld. 26; síðan hélt konungr Erling fyrir tryggvan mann, Fms. ix. 399.
    β. to hold, deem, be of opinion; the old writers seem not to use the word exactly in this sense, but near to it come such phrases as, hón hélt engan hans jafningja innan hirðar hvárki í orðum né öðrum hlutum, i. e. she held him to be above all men, Ld. 60; halda menn hann fyrir konung, Fb. i. 216; still closer, halda menn at Oddný sé nú betr gipt, Bjarn. 12 (but only preserved in a paper MS.): this sense is very freq. in mod. usage, to hold, mean, eg held það; eg held ekki, I think not; (hence hald, opinion.)
    γ. phrases, halda mikit upp á e-n, to hold one in much esteem, love, Stj. 33; halda af e-m, id., Fas. i. 458, ii. 63, 200, iii. 520, esp. freq. in mod. usage, (upp-á-hald, af-hald, esteem.)
    4. to hold on, keep up; halda varnir, to keep up a defence, Sks. 583; halda vörð, to keep watch, Eg. 120, Grág. i. 32, 264; halda njósn, Eg. 72, 74, Fms. xi. 46; halda tal af e-m, to speak, communicate with one, ii. 88.
    5. to hold, be valid, be in force, a law term; á sú sekt öll at halda, Grág. i. 89; á þat at h. allt er þeir urðu á sáttir, 86; enda á þat at h. með þeim síðan, ii. 336.
    IV. to hold, compel, bind (with the notion of obligation or duty); heldr mik þá ekki til utan-ferðar, Nj. 112; þó heldr þik várkunn til at leita á, i. e. thou art excused, thou hast some excuse in trying, 21; var auðsætt hvat til hélt um sættir, Bjarn. 70; þik heldr eigi hér svá mart, at þú megir eigi vel bægja héraðs-vist þinni, Eb. 252; þar mælir þú þar, er þik heldr várkunn til at mæla, Nj. 227; ek mun vera vinr hans, ok alla þá, er at mínum orðum láta, halda til vináttu við hann, i. e. I will be his friend, and all those who lend ear to my words I will hold to friendship with him, Eg. 18.
    2. halda sik frá e-u, to keep oneself from, to refrain from a thing, Sks. 276 B; h. sik frá munaðlífi, Post. 656 A. ii. 16, Hom. 53, 135; h. sik aptr af e-u, to abstain from, Hkr. i. 512.
    V. absol. to be the cause of, be conducive to a thing; heldr þar margt til þess, there are many reasons for this, Nj. 192; vildim vér vita hvat til heldr, Fms. vii. 106; en hann vissi eigi hvat til hafði haldit, er hann kom eigi, xi. 11; margir hlutir héldu til þess, Eg. 38; þat hélt til þess, at …, Al. 94; hélt til þess ( conduced to it) góðgirnd hans, stórmennska ok vitsmunir, Fs. 29; hefir þat mjök til haldit, er ek hefi svá lengi dvalizt, at ek ætlaða, Ld. 32; hann lét bæði til h. vingan ok mágsemd, Fs. 24; heldr þat mest til at þá var komit útfall sjávar, Ld. 56; hélt þat mest til þess, at hann gafsk bezt í öllum mannraunum, 60; þat eitt hélt til, at þeir fóru eigi málum á hendr Þórði, at þeir höfðu eigi styrk til, 138.
    VI. to hold, comprise; sólar-öld heldr tuttugu ok átta ár, Rb. 510; h. skor (of weight), Grág. i. 500.
    ☞ In some instances the use of dat. and acc. wavers, e. g. halda húsum, to keep up the houses, Grág. ii. 278, 335; h. hliði, to keep the gate in repair, 265; but halda hlið (acc.), 332: to keep, observe, h. lögum, griðum, boðorðum, Glúm. 333, Grág. i. 357, ii. 166, 623. 28; hélt hann þessu sumu, Fms. x. 416 (Ágrip); halda ílla orðum, vii. (in a verse); þeir er því þingi áttu at h., Glúm. 386; h. sáttum, St. 17; h. eiðum, Bkv. 18; Gizuri þótti biskup h. ríkt ( protect strongly) brennu-mönnum, Sturl. i. 201 C; Guð er sínum skepnum heldr (keeps, protects) ok geymir, Mar.; þá hélt engi kirkju mönnum, … kept no man safe, Fms. ix. 508; h. njósn (acc.) um e-t, Eg. 74; h. til njósn, 72; njósnir, Fms. xi. 46. In most of these instances the acc. is the correct case, and the dat. is due either to careless transcribers or incorrect speaking: in some instances an enclitic um has been taken for a dative inflexion, thus e. g. sáttum haldi in Stor. l. c. is to be restored to sátt um haldi; eiðum haldit in Bkv. l. c. to eið (for eiða) um haldit; in others the prep. um has caused the confusion, as ‘halda njósn um at’ has been changed into halda njósnum at. But in the main the distinction between the use of dat. and acc. is fixed even at the present time: the acc. seems to represent the more primitive usage of this verb, the dat. the secondary.
    C. REFLEX.:
    I. to hold oneself, to stay; héldusk þeir þá ekki fyrir norðan Stað, Fms. i. 63; mátti hann eigi þar haldask, Landn. 246; h. á baki, to keep oneself on horseback, keep one’s seat, Grág. ii. 95; munu þeir skamma stund hér við haldask, Nj. 247: to be kept, remain, þá skal hann h. með Helju, Edda 39: to resist, megu vér ekki við h. fyrir ofreflis-mönnum þessum, Nj. 254; hélzk þá ekki við honum, Eg. 289; mann er svá hefir haldisk við höfuð-syndum, Hom. 157.
    β. to hold out, last, continue; ok hélzk ferillinn, Eg. 579; hélzk undr þetta allt til dags, Nj. 272 (twice); hélzk konungdómr í kyni hans, Rb. 394; lengi síðan hélzk bruna-öld með Svíum, Yngl. S.; lengi hélzk þat í ætt þeirri, at …, Eg. 770; hélzk vinátta með þeim, Nj. 66; þat hefir enn haldizk í ætt hans, Fms. iv. 8; ok hefir þat haldizk ( it has continued to be so) síðan er ek hefi hann séð, Ld. 174; honum haldisk (imperat.) sigr ok langt líf, Ver. 57; betr þætti mér, at hún héldisk þér, that it (the luck) would hold out for thee, Fb. ii. 74; ef hann helzk í útrú sinni, if he perseveres in his untruth, 623. 26.
    γ. to be kept safe and sound; menn allir héldusk ( all bands were saved) ok svá fé, Ld. 8, Fs. 143; þar héldusk menn allir ok mestr hluti fjár, Eg. 405; hafði fé vel haldizk, has been well kept, done well, Ld. 34.
    δ. to be valid, stand; eigu þau handsöl hennar at haldask, Grág. i. 334; engi má haldask dómr hans, Edda 15; skyldu þau (the truce) haldask um þingit, Nj. 348.
    2. impers., mér helzk, e-m helzk vel, ílla, á e-u, to have a good hold, have luck with a thing; mér helzk lítt á sauða-mönnum, Grett. 110 A.
    3. recipr., haldask á, to hold or pull one against another, wrestle, (hence á-höld); var sagt Magnúsi, at þeir héldisk á úti, that they were fighting outside, Sturl. ii. 44.
    II. part. pass. haldinn, [Dan. holden], so ‘holden,’ in such and such a state; vel haldinn, in good condition, faring well, well to do, Eg. 20, 234; hugðusk þar ok haldnir ( safe) mundu vera, Ver. 34; þungliga h., very sick, Eg. 565, Hkr. ii. 199; vel haldinn, doing well; tak heldr annat fé, svá mikit, at þú þykisk vel haldinn af, i. e. fully satisfied, having got full redress, Boll. 350; Sveinn sagði, at hann vill hafa tvá hluti fjárins, Hrani sagðisk ekki af því haldinn ( satisfied) vera, Fms. iv. 31: in the phrase, heilu ok höldnu, safe and sound, Bs. i. 191, Fms. xi. 376, Hkr. i. 319; með höldnu hljóði, preserving the sound, Skálda 175.
    2. ok mun þykkja sér misboðit ef þú ert haldinn (kept, protected), Finnb. 344.
    β. kept, observed, Fms. xi. 99.
    γ. held in custody, in prison, Bs. i. 419, Sturl. i. 151.
    III. gerund., haldandi, holding good, valid; sá dómr er eigi haldandi, is not valid, K. Á. 304; af öllu afli er friðr haldandi, Hom. 5.
    2. part. act., með upp haldandi höndum, with uplifted hands, Bs. i. 684.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > HALDA

  • 22 MÆLA

    * * *
    I)
    (-ta, -tr), v.
    1) to speak, with acc. and absol. (Flosi mælti ekki orð á meðan);
    mæla mörgum orðum, to use many words;
    mæla e-n orðum, to address one;
    mæla æðru, to express fear, despondency;
    mæla lög, to speak law, have law on one’s side in pleading;
    mæla málum, to plead a cause;
    mæla mælt mál, to speak what others say;
    2) to stipulate, appoint, settle (var svá mælt, at S. jarl skyldi koma til Dyflinnar);
    mæla mót með sér, to fix an interview;
    mæla sér e-t, to claim for oneself (ef þú vilt þér mæla man);
    3) with preps.:
    mæla aptr, to retract (one’s words);
    mæla á máli, to speak a language (mæla á Írsku);
    mæla eptir e-n, to take up the prosecution in the case of a slain man (þú átt eptir hraustan mann at mæla);
    mæla eptir e-m, to take one’s part;
    mæla fyrir, to order, prescribe (sagði Jófríðr honum, ar barnit er út borit, sem hann hafði fyrir mælt);
    mæla fyrir e-u, to claim;
    allt þat silfr, er hann mælti fyrir, which he had bargained for;
    mæla fyrir griðum, to declare a truce (by using the proper formula);
    mæla vel fyrir e-m, to express a wish for a person’s good fortune (G. gaf sveininum gullsylgju ok mælti vel fyrir honum);
    mæla fyrir minni, to propose a toast;
    mæla í móti e-u, to gainsay, oppose, object to (allir heiðnir menn mæltu í móti);
    mæla til e-s, to speak to one;
    hón mælti til hans djarfliga, she spoke up to him boldly;
    to speak of one (Gunnar hafði aldri illa mælt til Njálssona);
    mæla til e-s, to express a wish for a thing (þeir mæltu til vináttu með sér at skilnaði);
    mæla til friðar, to sue for peace;
    mæla e-t til e-s, to claim, call for as payment (þeir fóru lengi undan ok mæltu til fé mikit at lyktum);
    mæla um e-t, to say about a thing (G. spurði, hvat hann mælti um hrossin);
    to utter, say solemnly (þat læt ek verða um mælt, at);
    mæla e-n undan e-u, to beg one off from (mæla e-n undan dauða);
    mæla við e-n, to speak to (G. mælti við Ögmund: fylg þú þeim til húsa minna);
    mæla við e-u, to gainsay, refuse;
    4) refl., mælast.
    (-da, -dr), v. to measure.
    * * *
    1.
    t, [Ulf. maþlian = λαλειν; A. S. mæðlan, madelian; Germ. melden by way of metathesis; Old Engl. mele; the Dan. mæle as well as the Icel. are contracted forms, cp. nál from nadal]:—to speak, with acc. and absol.; mæli þarft eðr þegi, Hm. 18; mæla staðlausa stafi, id.; hví þegið ér, svá at mæla né meguð, Ls.; margir menn mæltu ílla við Skamkel, Nj. 80; eigi munt þú þat vilja mæla, 85; Gizurr hvíti (Njáll), … mælti, 90, 91, 220, 228; stafnbúar mæltu, at hann skyldi mæla allra hötðingja heilastr, Fms. vii. 290; mæl þú allra drengja heilastr, viii. 97; þat þætti mér mælanda (gerund.), that is a remarkable speech, Fb. ii. 196; mæla mörgum orðum, to use many words, Hm. 104; mæla þessum orðum, to use these words, Hkr. ii. 78; mæla e-n orðum, to address, Vþm. 4; mæla í hug sér, to speak to oneself, 623. 54; mæla máli, to speak a language; hann mælti allstaðar þeirra máli sem hann væri allstaðar þar barnfæddr sem þá kom hann, Bs. i. 80.
    2. special usages; mæla áljót, to speak a libel, Grág. ii. 146; mæla æðru, to express fear, despondency, despair, Nj. 199; mæla tál, hégóma, to tell tales, falsehoods, 258; mæla lög, to speak law, to have the law on one’s side in pleading, Fms. vii. 142; mæla ljóst, to speak out, Nj. 102; mæla í mútur, to speak with reserve (see múta); hafa réttara at mæla, to speak true, have right on one’s side, Fms. iii. 22; mæla lögskil or lögskilum, to speak or perform public duties in court or in the assembly, Nj. 3, Ísl. ii. 255; mæia helgi e-s, to pronounce the inviolability of, Grág. i. 92; mæla nálum, to plead a cause, 2; en er höfðingjar höfðu þar mælt þeim málum sem þar stóðu lög til, Ld. 32; mæla e-s máli, Grág. i. 198; mæla mælt mál, to say what all the world says, Gísl. 11, Stj. 463: mod. to say a plain word, speak plainly; bréf harðlega mælt, worded, Bs. i. 554, Fms. ix. 389.
    II. to stipulate; mæla e-t með sér, to fix, stipulate, appoint: fundusk þeir, sem mælt hafði verit með þeim, Nj. 256; mæla mót með sér, to fix an interview, Eg. 564; mæla sér man, to fix an interview with her, Hm. 97:—mæla sér e-t, to stipulate, bargain for; vér höfum fund várn mæltan ár hvert hér í Gula, N. G. L. i. 4; ek hefka fé mælt mér í dóm þenna ok monka ek mæla, Grág. i. 79; slíkan stað ok máldaga sem þeir áttu sér mæltan, 154; þeir mæltu til fé mikit at lyktum, Nj. 99; mælti hann þat til at eiga dóttur hans, 271; en hón mælti þat til við konung, at hann skyldi vinna allan Noreg, Fms. x. 181; hvat er til mælt, Fs. 92; ek mæli til kaupa við þik, Nj. 3; þeir mæltu til vináttu með sér at skilnaði, Eg. 691; þeir mæla til bardaga með sér um morguninn, Fb. i, 142; hygg þú at því vandliga at þú mæl til hvers-vetna ílla þess er þú beiðir hann, Fms. xi. 58; hús þau er til skaða-bóta eru mælt, for which compensation has been stipulated, Grág. i. 459; mæla til friðar, to sue for peace, Fas. ii. 121 (frið-mælask).
    III. with prepp.; mæla á máli, to speak in a language; mæla á Irsku, Ld. 76:—mæla aptr, to retract, Sturl. i. 46:—mæla eptir e-m, to take one’s part, excuse him, Nj. 26, 53, Fms. vii. 120: to request, demand, ix. 52: but mæla eptir e-n, with acc., to lead the prosecution (eplir-mál) in the case of a slain man, Grág., Nj., Sagas passim:—mæla fyrir, to order, prescribe; sem biskup mælir fyrir, Grág. i. 377; sem Þórðr mælti fyrir, Ld. 44; allt þat silfr er hann mælti fyrir, which he had bargained, Fær. 6; þat bréf er konungr mælti svá fyrir, at …, Fms. ix. 447: to declare, Nj. 15: to cite a formulary, preamble, or the like, mæla fyrir skipi, to say the prayer when a ship first puts to sea; gékk Þorvaldr til siglu ok mælti fyrir skipi eptir sið, Bs. i. 774; thus, mæla fyrir griðum, to declare a truce, by using the proper formulary, Fms. ix. 53, Nj. 106; mæla fyrir minni, to propose a toast, Fms. i. 35:—mæla móti, to gainsay, speak against, Eg. 72, Nj. 129, 158, Fms. vii. 290:—mæla til e-s, see above:—mæla um e-t, to speak about a thing, Hom. 157; konungr varð styggr ok mælti um nokkurum orðum, Eg. 16: to use an expression, utter (in an emphatic sense), of spells or the like, mikit hefir Jökull um mælt, svá at mér er þat eigi þolanda, Fs. 54; læt ek þat um mælt, at þú munt …, Ísl. ii. 197, v. l.; þar mynda ek hafa gefit þér upp eina sök, ef ek hefða eigi svá mikit um mælt, Hrafn. 8; svá fór sem vér gátum at mikil-mannliga mundi verða um mælt af þinni hendi, Fms. xi. 111; læt ek þat verða um mælt (of a spell) at þú verðir at enni ljótustu trollkonu, Fas. ii. 152: cp. mæli eg um og legg eg aá in mod. tales of witches saying their spell:—mæla við e-n, to speak to a person, address, Nj. 3, Eg. 92, passim; mæla við e-u, to gainsay, Edda 39, Fms. vii. 123, Þiðr. 253, Hkr. ii. 198:—compds, á-mæla, to blame; for-mæla, to accuse; hall-mæla, to blame:—impers., mælir svá, it is said, Hom. 155.
    IV. reflex. to speak, express oneself, esp. with prepp.; mælask fyrir, to ejaculate, say one’s say; finnrinn mæltisk innan fyrir, og sagði svá, he spoke from the inner part of the house. Fms. x. 262; hví þú, Gangráðr, mælisk af gólfi fyrir? Vþm. 9; hann biðsk fyrir ok mælisk nú fyrir sem honum þótti vænligast, Fms. xi. 134; Finnr andaðisk ór sótt þeirri ok mæltisk áðr vel fyrir, ii. 164; mælask vel, ílla fyrir, to be well (ill) spoken of, to make a good (bad) impression; görum vit góða hans ferð, hann hefir mikils misst, þat mun vel fyrir mælask, Nj. 29; víg Gunnars spurðisk, ok mæltisk ílla fyrir um allar sveitir, 117; mæltisk kvæðit vel fyrir, Fms. vii. 113; ílla mun þat fyrir mælask, at ganga ásættir við frændr sína, Ld. 238:—mælask undan, to excuse oneself, decline, Fms. ix. 227, Fb. i. 100:—mælask um, to utter, express; eigu vér þvi at vera úkvíðnir ok mælask eigi ílla um, Fms. xi. 389.
    2. recipr., mælask við, to speak to one another, converse; ekki mæltusk þeir fleira þann dag við, Fms. vii. 127; mun hvat við höfum við mælsk, Nj. 111; ok munu vit þess þurfa at muna þat, at vit höfum vel við mælsk, 54; mælask ílla við, to bandy words, N. G. L. i. 333; mælask við einn saman, to talk to oneself ( soliloquize), Stj. 617; Þorvaldr mæltisk mjök einn við á Þinginu, því at engir gengu í berhögg við hann, i. e. Th. had alone the word, for none in the parliament opposed him, Sturl. ii. 61.
    3. impers., e-m mælisk vel, to speak well; skal eigi marka reiðs manns mál, kann vera at okkr mælisk betr annat sinn, Sturl. ii. 178: to make a good speech, sögðu menn at honum mæltisk vel, Nj. 87; at lögbergi var görr mikill rómr, at Merði mæltisk vel ok sköruliga, 230.
    4. part. mæltr (q. v.), spoken.
    2.
    d, [mál], to measure, Clem. 33, Sks. 629, Grág. i. 462, Fms. ii. 230, K. Á. 206, N. G. L. i. 323, passim.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > MÆLA

  • 23 tongue

    1) (the fleshy organ inside the mouth, used in tasting, swallowing, speaking etc: The doctor looked at her tongue.) tunge
    2) (the tongue of an animal used as food.) tunge
    3) (something with the same shape as a tongue: a tongue of flame.) tunge
    4) (a language: English is his mother-tongue / native tongue; a foreign tongue.) språk, tungemål
    mål
    --------
    pløse
    --------
    språk
    --------
    tunge
    I
    subst. \/tʌŋ\/
    1) ( anatomi) tunge
    2) språk, dialekt, tunge(mål)
    3) talemåte, tale
    4) (sko)pløse
    5) ( i kirkeklokke) knebel, kolv
    6) tunge (i orgelpipe e.l.)
    7) nål (på spenne)
    8) ( på sporveksel) tunge
    9) ildtunge, stikkflamme
    10) ( tømrerfag) fjær (i bord)
    be on the tip of one's tongue ha det på tungespissen, ha det på tungen
    bite one's tongue off ( overført) bite av seg tungen
    find one's tongue få igjen taleevnen, bli talefør igjen
    the gift of tongues nådegaven, evnen til å tale i tunger
    give tongue rope, skrike, skråle ( om hund) gi hals, halse, søke
    give tongue to gi uttrykk for
    has the cat got your tongue? har du mistet (både) munn og mæle?, har du mistet taleevnen?
    have a ready tongue eller have a fluent tongue være rappkjeftet, være godt skåret for tungebåndet
    have a rough tongue være grov i munnen, være stygg i munnen
    hold one's tongue holde munn, tie
    keep a civil tongue in one's head velge sine ord med omhu, føre et dannet språk
    know someone by his\/her tongue kjenne noen etter talemåten
    lose one's tongue miste (både) munn og mæle, være målløs, miste taleevnen
    be on every tongue være på alles lepper
    speak with a forked tongue (amer.) lyve, tale med to tunger, tale svikefullt
    tongue (of land) landtunge nes, odde
    tongue and groove ( tømrerfag) not og fjær
    (with) tongue in cheek for spøk, ikke alvorlig
    tongues ( gammeldags) tunger, tungemål
    II
    verb \/tʌŋ\/
    1) ( musikk) spille med tungestøt
    2) skjelle ut
    3) ( slang) praktisere munnsex
    4) forklaring: injisere narkotika under tungen for å unngå synlige sprøytearr
    5) uttale, artikulere
    6) berøre med tungen, slikke
    7) ( tømrerfag) skjære fjær (i bord)

    English-Norwegian dictionary > tongue

  • 24 ग्रह्


    grah
    ( RV. in a few passages only AV. etc.) orﾠ grabh ( RV. ; rarely AV.)

    cl. 9. P. gṛibhṇāti gṛihṇā́ti ( alsoﾠ Ā. gṛihṇīte, irreg. gṛihṇate MuṇḍUp. ;
    3. pl. gṛibhṇate RV. ;
    Impv. 2. sg. gṛihāṇá, <-ṇā́, Saṃhitā-p., p. Pass. nom. pl. n. Gmn. >
    X, 103, 12 AV. XI, 1, 10 ṠBr. etc.. ;
    gṛibhṇāná andﾠ gṛihṇ- (Ved.);
    gṛihṇa Hcat. Pañcad. I, 71 ;
    - gṛihṇāhi, - gṛibhṇīhi seeﾠ prati-grabh;
    Ā. gṛibhṇīshva < VS. I, 18> orﾠ gṛihṇ-;
    3. sg. P. gṛihṇītāt;
    Ved. Impv. gṛibhāyá etc. seeﾠ s.v. - ya cf. gṛihaya;
    perf. jagrāha RV. X, 161, 1 AV. etc.. ;
    1. sg. -grábhǍ RV. ;
    - gṛibhmá RV. ;
    Ā. - gṛihe X, 12, 5 etc.. ;
    3. pl. - gṛibhré andﾠ - gṛibhriré RV. ;
    P. Pot. - gṛibhyāt X, 31, 2 ;
    p. - gṛibhvás IV, 23, 4 ;
    fut. 2nd grahīshyati, - te MBh. etc. <cf. Pāṇ. 7-2, 37 >;
    sometimes wrongly spelt gṛih- MBh. IV, 1650; XII, 7311 ;
    grahishy- R. VI, 82, 74 ;
    Cond. agrahaishyat AitUp. III, 3 ff. ;
    fut. 1st grahītā Pāṇ. 7-2, 37 ;
    aor. agrabham RV. I, 191, 13 AV. ;
    - bhīt RV. I, 145, 2 AV. etc.. ;
    - hīt (Pāṇ. 7-2, 5) AV. etc.. ;
    - ájagrabhīt etc. seeﾠ saṉ-grah;
    Subj. 2. pl. grabhīshṭa RV. II, 29, 5 ;
    Ā. agrahīshṭa BhP. IV, 30, 11 ;
    aghṛikshata Pāṇ. 7-3, 73 Sch. (not in Kāṡ.);
    Ved. 3. pl. agṛibhran RV. V, 2, 4 andﾠ agṛibhīshata;
    ind. p. gṛibhītvā́ AV. XII, 3, 20 ;
    gṛihītvā́, XIX, 58, 3 etc.. ;
    grahāya Hariv. Divyâ̱v. ;
    inf. grahītum MBh. etc.. ; cf. Pāṇ. 7-2, 37 ;
    wrongly spelt gṛih- R. V, 2, 25 Hit. >;
    Pass. gṛihyate <fut. 1st grahītā orﾠ grāhitā fut. 2nd grahīshyate orﾠ grāhishy- aor. agrāhi, 3. du. agrahīshātām orﾠ agrāhish- Pāṇ. 6-4, 62 and VII, 2, 37 >;
    Ved. Subj. 3. pl. gṛihyāntai Kāṡ. on III, 4, 8 and 96 ;
    Ved. Pass. 3. sg. gṛihate RV. V, 32, 12)
    orﾠ gṛihe MaitrS. I, 9, 5 orﾠ gṛihaye Kāṭh. IX, 13 ;
    <cf. gṛihaya>;
    Subj. 1. pl. gṛihāmahi RV. VIII, 2, 16 ;
    Pot. gṛihīta MaitrS. II, 5, 2)
    to seize, take (by the hand, pāṇau orﾠ kare, exceptionally pāṇim (double acc.) RV. I, 125, 1 Sāy. ;
    cf. Vop. V, 6),
    grasp, lay hold of (e.g.. pakshaṉ, to take a side, adopt a party Prab. ;
    pāṇim, « to take by the hand in the marriage ceremony»,
    marry AV. XIV, 1, 48 ff. Gobh. II, 1, 11 MBh. etc..) RV. etc.;
    to arrest, stop RV. IX, 78, 1 Kathās. IV, 32 ;
    to catch, take captive, take prisoner, capture, imprison RV. etc.;
    to take possession of, gain over, captivate MBh. XIII, 2239 R. II, 12, 25 Ragh. Cāṇ. ;
    to seize, overpower (esp. said of diseases andﾠ demons andﾠ the punishments of Varuṇa) RV. AV. MaitrS. etc.;
    to eclipse VarBṛS. V ;
    to abstract, take away (by robbery) R. IV, 53, 25 Ṡak. III, 21 Bhaṭṭ. ;
    to lay the hand on, claim Mn. Yājñ. Ragh. I, 18 Pañcat. ;
    to gain, win, obtain, receive, accept (from abl., rarely gen.), keep RV. etc. (with double acc. Vop. V, 6);
    to acquire by purchase (with instr. of the price) Mn. VIII, 201 Yājñ. II, 169 R. etc.. ;
    to choose MBh. XIII R. I, 39, 13 f. Kathās. lIII ;
    to choose any one (acc.) as a wife;
    to take up (a fluid with any small vessel), draw water RV. VIII, 69, 10 VS. X, 1 TS. VI etc.. ;
    to pluck, pick, gather Hariv. 5238 Ṡak. IV, VI ;
    to collect a store of anything VarBṛS. XLII, 10 f. ;
    to use, put on (clothes) Mn. II, 64 MBh. III, 16708 Bhag. Ratnâv. I etc.. ;
    to assume (a shape) BhP. I f. ;
    to place upon (instr. orﾠ loc.) Mn. VIII, 256 Kathās. ;
    to include Pāṇ. 8-4, 68 Sch. Vop. I, 5 ;
    to take on one's self, undertake, undergo, begin RV. X, 31, 2 MBh. III, XIII BhP. etc.. ;
    to receive hospitably (a guest), take back (a divorced wife)
    MBh. V, 7068 R. I Ṡak. V, 25 BhP. III, 5, 19 ;
    « to take into the mouth», mention, name RV. I, 191, 13 and X, 145, 4 AV. TS. etc.. ;
    to perceive (with the organs of sense orﾠ with mánas), observe, recognise RV. I, 139, 10 and 145, 2 VS. I, 18 ṠBr. XIV MuṇḍUp. ṠvetUp. etc.. ;
    (in astron.) to observe VarBṛS. XLIII, 30 ;
    to receive into the mind, apprehend, understand, learn Nal. R. Ragh. V, 59 Pañcat. I, 1, 23 ;
    (in astron.) to calculate Sūryas. ;
    to accept, admit, approve MBh. I, 6299 R. II Mṛicch. IX, 18 Kād. BhP. I, 2, 12 Kathās. ;
    to obey, follow MBh. R. Mṛicch. IX, 30/31 BhP. III f. ;
    to take for, consider as Mn. I, 110 Mālav. V etc.. ;
    (Pass.) to be meant by (instr.) Yājñ. Sch. Pāṇ. Siddh. and Sch.:
    Caus. grāhayati, to cause to take orﾠ seize orﾠ lay hold of R. VII Suṡr. Ragh. XV, 88 Daṡ. ;
    to cause to take (by the hand < pāṇim> in the marriage ceremony) Ragh. XVII, 3 ;
    to cause to marry, give away a girl (acc.) in marriage to any one (acc.) Kum. I, 53 ;
    to cause any one to be captured Yājñ. II, 169 R. VI, 1, 21 Daṡ. ;
    to cause any one to be seized orﾠ overpowered (as by Varuṇa's punishments orﾠ death etc.) TS. II, VI f. TBr. I MBh. VIII, 3281 ;
    to cause to be taken away Hit. ;
    to make any one take, deliver anything (acc.) over to any one (acc.;
    e.g.. āsanam with acc. « to cause to take a seat, bid any one to sit down» Rājat. V, 306) Mṛicch. Vop. XVIII, 7 ;
    to make any one choose Rājat. V, 102 (aor. ajigrahat);
    to make any one learn, make acquainted orﾠ familiar with (acc.) Nir. I, 4 Āp. I, 8, 25 Mn. I, 58 MBh. etc..:
    Desid. jighṛikshati (cf. Pāṇ. 1-2, 8 and VII, 2, 12),
    alsoﾠ - te, to be about to seize orﾠ take Gobh. I, 1, 8 and 20 MBh. R. Kathās. ;
    to be about to eclipse R. VII, 35, 31 ;
    to be about to take away BhP. I, 17, 25 ;
    to desire to perceive (with the organs of sense),
    strive to apprehend orﾠ recognise AitUp. III, 3 ff. BhP. II, IV:
    Intens. jarīgṛihyate Pāṇ. 6-1, 16 Kāṡ. ;
    + cf. Zd. gerep, geurv;
    Goth. greipa;
    Germ. greife;
    Lith. grēbju;
    Slav. grabljū;
    Hib. grabaim, « I devour, stop»

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > ग्रह्

  • 25 kantonal

    Adj. cantonal
    * * *
    kan|to|nal [kanto'naːl]
    1. adj
    cantonal
    2. adv

    kantonál finanziert — financed by the canton

    kantonál geregelt — regulated by the cantons or at cantonal level

    kantonál unterschiedliche Praxis — practices that differ from one canton to the other

    * * *
    kan·to·nal
    [kantoˈna:l]
    adj cantonal
    * * *
    1.
    Adjektiv cantonal
    2.
    adverbial on a cantonal basis
    * * *
    kantonal adj cantonal
    * * *
    1.
    Adjektiv cantonal
    2.
    adverbial on a cantonal basis

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > kantonal

  • 26 Kardinal

    Adj. Fehler: cardinal: eine kardinale Frage a cardinal ( oder crucial) question; von kardinaler Bedeutung of crucial ( oder the utmost) importance
    * * *
    der Kardinal
    cardinal
    * * *
    Kar|di|nal [kardi'naːl]
    m -s, Kardinäle
    [-'nɛːlə]
    1) (ECCL) cardinal
    * * *
    ((the status of) one of the men next in rank to the Pope in the Roman Catholic Church.) cardinal
    * * *
    Kar·di·nal
    <-s, Kardinäle>
    [kardiˈna:l, pl -nɛ:lə]
    m REL, ORN cardinal
    * * *
    der; Kardinals, Kardinäle cardinal
    * * *
    Kardinal m; -s, Kardinäle
    1. KATH cardinal
    2. ORN cardinal (bird)
    Kardinal… im subst cardinal …
    * * *
    der; Kardinals, Kardinäle cardinal
    * * *
    -¨e m.
    cardinal n.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Kardinal

  • 27 kardinal

    Adj. Fehler: cardinal: eine kardinale Frage a cardinal ( oder crucial) question; von kardinaler Bedeutung of crucial ( oder the utmost) importance
    * * *
    der Kardinal
    cardinal
    * * *
    Kar|di|nal [kardi'naːl]
    m -s, Kardinäle
    [-'nɛːlə]
    1) (ECCL) cardinal
    * * *
    ((the status of) one of the men next in rank to the Pope in the Roman Catholic Church.) cardinal
    * * *
    Kar·di·nal
    <-s, Kardinäle>
    [kardiˈna:l, pl -nɛ:lə]
    m REL, ORN cardinal
    * * *
    der; Kardinals, Kardinäle cardinal
    * * *
    kardinal adj Fehler: cardinal:
    eine kardinale Frage a cardinal ( oder crucial) question;
    von kardinaler Bedeutung of crucial ( oder the utmost) importance
    * * *
    der; Kardinals, Kardinäle cardinal
    * * *
    -¨e m.
    cardinal n.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > kardinal

  • 28 kommunal

    Adj. community..., local; einer städtischen Gemeinde: municipal; auf kommunaler Ebene at local level
    * * *
    communal
    * * *
    kom|mu|nal [kɔmu'naːl]
    1. adj
    local; (= städtisch auch) municipal

    kommunáles Wahlrecht — right to vote in local elections

    2. adv
    locally; (= städtisch auch) municipally
    * * *
    kom·mu·nal
    [kɔmuˈna:l]
    adj local, municipal
    die Müllabfuhr ist eine der \kommunalen Aufgaben refuse collection is one of the local authority's tasks; s.a. Ebene
    * * *
    1.
    Adjektiv local; (städtisch) municipal; local
    2.
    * * *
    kommunal adj community…, local; einer städtischen Gemeinde: municipal;
    auf kommunaler Ebene at local level
    * * *
    1.
    Adjektiv local; (städtisch) municipal; local
    2.
    * * *
    adj.
    communal adj.
    municipal adj. adv.
    communally adv.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > kommunal

  • 29 Originalton

    m; nur Sg. original sound; Film: live sound(track); Aufnahmen im Originalton original sound recordings; Originalton X the original sound of X
    * * *
    Ori|gi|nal|ton
    m pl - töne
    original soundtrack

    (im) Originálton Thatcher (fig) — in Thatcher's own words

    * * *
    Ori·gi·nal·ton
    m
    1. FILM original soundtrack
    2. (wörtliches Zitat) direct quote, one's/sb's own words
    * * *
    der (Film, Ferns.) direct sound; original sound

    ‘Originaltonton UdSSR-Fernsehen’ — ‘USSR television commentary’

    * * *
    Originalton m; nur sg original sound; FILM live sound(track);
    Aufnahmen im Originalton original sound recordings;
    Originalton X the original sound of X
    * * *
    der (Film, Ferns.) direct sound; original sound

    ‘Originaltonton UdSSR-Fernsehen’ — ‘USSR television commentary’

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Originalton

  • 30 needle

    ['ni:dl]
    1) (a small, sharp piece of steel with a hole (called an eye) at one end for thread, used in sewing etc: a sewing needle.) saumnál
    2) (any of various instruments of a long narrow pointed shape: a knitting needle; a hypodermic needle.) nál; prjónn
    3) ((in a compass etc) a moving pointer.) nál, vísir
    4) (the thin, sharp-pointed leaf of a pine, fir etc.) barrnál
    •
    - needlework

    English-Icelandic dictionary > needle

  • 31 कामग


    kā́ma-ga
    mfn. going orﾠ coming of one's own accord;

    moving orﾠ acting as one pleases MBh. R. ;
    following one's impulses, indulging one's passions, running after men orﾠ women Yājñ. III, 6 (of a woman = kulaṭā Comm.);
    m. one who comes accidentally orﾠ unexpectedly, casual visitor, one who travels about without any specific purpose Nal. XVIII, 23 ;
    (ā) f. a female Kokila L.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > कामग

  • 32 गन्धर्व


    gandharvá
    m. a Gandharva <though in later times the Gandharvas are regarded as a class, yet in RV. rarely more than one is mentioned;

    he is designated as the heavenly Gandharva ( divyág- RV. IX, 86, 36 and X, 139, 5),
    andﾠ is alsoﾠ called Viṡvā-vasu ( RV. X, 85, 21 and 22;139, 4 and 5) andﾠ Vāyu-keṡa (in pl. RV. III, 38, 6);
    his habitation is the sky, orﾠ the region of the air andﾠ the heavenly waters
    ( RV. I, 22, 14; VIII, 77, 5; IX, 85, 12; 86, 36; X, 10, 4 AV. II, 2, 3);
    his especial duty is to guard the heavenly Soma RV. IX, 83, 4 and 85, 12,
    which the gods obtain through his intervention RV. AV. VII, 73, 3 ; cf. RV. I, 22, 14 ;
    it is obtained for the human race by Indra, who conquers the Gandharva andﾠ takes it by force ( RV. VIII, 1, 11 and 77, 5);
    the heavenly Gandharva is supposed to be a good physician, because the Soma is considered as the best medicine;
    possibly, however, the word Soma originally denoted not the beverage so called, but the moon, andﾠ the heavenly Gandharva may have been the genius orﾠ tutelary deity of the moon;
    in one passage RV. IX, 86, 36 the heavenly Gandharva andﾠ the Soma are identified;
    he is alsoﾠ regarded as one of the genii who regulate the course of the Sun's horses
    i, 163, 2; X, 177, 2; cf. 135, 5 ;
    he knows andﾠ makes known the secrets of heaven andﾠ divine truths generally
    ( X, 139, 5 and 6 AV. II, 1, 2; XX, 128, 3 VS. XI, 1; XXXII, 9);
    he is the parent of the first pair of human beings, Yama andﾠ Yamī RV. X, 10, 4),
    andﾠ has a peculiar mystical power over women andﾠ a right to possess them RV. X, 85, 21 and 22; 40 and 41 ;
    for this reason he is invoked in marriage ceremonies AV. XIV, 2, 35 and 36 ;
    ecstatic states of mind andﾠ possession by evil spirits are supposed to be derived from the heavenly Gandharva (cf. - gṛihīta, - graha);
    the Gandharvas as a class have the same characteristic features as the one Gandharva;
    they live in the sky RV. AV. ṠBr. XIV,
    guard the Soma RV. IX, 113, 3 ṠBr. III AitBr. I, 27,
    are governed by Varuṇa (just as the Apsarasas are governed by Soma) ṠBr. XIII ĀṡvṠr. X, 7, 3,
    know the best medicines AV. VIII, 7, 23 VS. XII, 98,
    regulate the course of the asterisms ( AV. XIII, 1, 23 BhP. IV, 29, 21 ;
    hence twenty-seven are mentioned VS. IX, 7),
    follow after women andﾠ are desirous of intercourse with them (AV. ṠBr. III) ;
    as soon as a girl becomes marriageable, she belongs to Soma, the Gandharvas, andﾠ Agni Gṛihyās. II, 19 f. Pañcat. Suṡr. ;
    the wives of the Gandharvas are the Apsarasas
    (cf. gandharvâ̱psarás),
    andﾠ like them the Gandharvas are invoked in gambling with dice AV. VII, 109, 5 ;
    they are alsoﾠ feared as evil beings together with the Rākshasas, Kimīdins, Piṡācas, etc., amulets being worn as a protection against them ( AV. Suṡr.);
    they are said to have revealed the Vedas to Vāc
    ( ṠBr. III ; cf. PārGṛ. II, 12, 2),
    andﾠ are called the preceptors of the Ṛishis ṠBr. XI ;
    Purūravas is called among them ( ib.);
    in epic poetry the Gandharvas are the celestial musicians orﾠ heavenly singers (cf. RV. X, 177, 2)
    who form the orchestra at the banquets of the gods, andﾠ they belong together with the Apsarasas to Indra's heaven, sharing alsoﾠ in his battles;
    Yājñ. I, 71 MBh. Hariv. etc..; cf. RTL. p. 238 ;
    in the more systematic mythology the Gandharvas constitute one of the classes into which the higher creation is divided
    (i.e. gods, manes, Gandharvas AV. XI, 5, 2 ;
    orﾠ gods, Asuras, Gandharvas, men TS. VII, 8, 25, 2 ;
    cf. ṠBr. X ;
    orﾠ gods, men, Gandharvas, Apsarasas, Sarpas, andﾠ manes AitBr. III, 31, 5 ;
    for other enumerations cf. Nir. III, 8 Mn. I, 37 RTL. p. 237 ;
    III, 196; VII, 23; XII, 47 Nal. etc..);
    divine andﾠ human Gandharvas are distinguished
    ( TUp. II, 8 the divine orﾠ Deva-Gandharvas are enumerated MBh. I, 2550 ff. and 4810 ff.);
    another passage names 11 classes of Gandharvas (TĀr. I, 9, 3) ;
    the chief orﾠ leader of the Gandharvas is named Citra-ratha Bhag. X, 26 ;
    they are called the creatures of Prajāpati Mn. I, 37 ;
    orﾠ of Brahmā. Hariv. 11793 orﾠ of Kaṡyapa 11850 ;
    orﾠ of the Munis MBh. I, 2550 Hariv. 11553 ;
    orﾠ of Prādhā MBh. I, 2556 ;
    orﾠ of Arishṭā Hariv. 234 VP. I, 21 orﾠ of Vāc ( PadmaP.);
    with Jainas the Gandharvas constitute one of the eight classes of the Vyantaras>;
    N. of the attendant of the 17th Arhat of the present Avasarpiṇī L. ;
    a singer VarBṛS. LXXXVII, 33 BhP. I, 11, 21 ;
    the Koïl orﾠ black cuckoo L. ;
    a sage, pious man Mahīdh. on VS. XXXII, 9 ;
    a horse MBh. III, 11762 ;
    cf. II, 1043 ;
    the musk deer (derived fr. gandha) L. ;
    the soul after death andﾠ previous to its being born again (corresponding in some respects to the western notion of a ghost) L. ;
    N. of the 14th Kalpa orﾠ period of the world VāyuP. I, 21, 30 ;
    of the 21st Muhūrta Sūryapr. ;
    of a Svara orﾠ tone (for gāndhāra?) Hariv. II, 120, 4 ;
    m. pl. the Gandharvas ( seeﾠ above);
    N. of a people (named together with the Gāndhāras) R. VII, 100, 10 f. and 101, 2 ff. and 11 VarBṛS. XIV, 31 ;
    (ā) f. Durgā Hariv. II, 120, 4 (v.l. gāndharvī);
    (ī́) f. Gandharvī (daughter of Surabhi andﾠ mother of the race of horses MBh. I, 2631 f. R. III, 20, 28 f. VāyuP.)
    RV. X, 11, 2 R. ;
    night BhP. IV, 29, 21 ;
    + cf. Gk. κένταυρος fr. κενθαργγος
    - गन्धर्वकन्या
    - गन्धर्वखण्ड
    - गन्धर्वगृहीत
    - गन्धर्वग्रह
    - गन्धर्वतैल
    - गन्धर्वत्व
    - गन्धर्वदत्ता
    - गन्धर्वनगर
    - गन्धर्वपत्नी
    - गन्धर्वपद
    - गन्धर्वपुर
    - गन्धर्वराज
    - गन्धर्वर्तु
    - गन्धर्वलोक
    - गन्धर्वविद्या
    - गन्धर्वविवाह
    - गन्धर्ववेद
    - गन्धर्वहस्त
    - गन्धर्वहस्तक
    - गन्धर्वाप्सरस्
    - गन्धर्वेष्ठा

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > गन्धर्व

  • 33 काल


    kāla
    1) mf (ī Pāṇ. 4-1, 42)n. (fr. 3. kal?), black, of a dark colour, dark-blue MBh. R. etc.;

    m. a black orﾠ dark-blue colour L. ;
    the black part of the eye Suṡr. ;
    the Indian cuckoo L. ;
    the poisonous serpent Coluber Nāga (= kālasarpa) Vet. ;
    the plant Cassia Sophora L. ;
    a red kind of Plumbago L. ;
    the resin of the plant Shorea robusta L. ;
    the planet Saturn;
    N. of Ṡiva;
    of Rudra BhP. III, 12, 12 ;
    of a son of Hrada Hariv. 189 ;
    of the prince Kāla-yavana BhP. III, 3, 10 ;
    of a brother of king Prasena-jit Buddh. ;
    of a future Buddha;
    of an author of Mantras (= Aṡva-ghosha) Buddh. ;
    of a Nāga-rāja Buddh. ;
    of a Rakshas R. VI, 69, 12 ;
    of an enemy of Ṡiva L. ;
    of a mountain R. IV, 44, 21 Kāraṇḍ. ;
    of one of the nine treasures Jain. ;
    a mystical N. of the letter m;
    (ā) f. N. of several plants (Indigofera tinctoria L. ;
    Piper longum L. ;
    (perhaps) Ipomoea atropurpurea Suṡr. ;
    Nigella indica L. ;
    Rubia Munjista L. ;
    Ruellia longifolia L. ;
    Physalis flexuosa L. ;
    Bignonia suaveolens Bhpr.);
    the fruit of the Kālā gaṇa harītaky-ādi;
    N. of a ṡakti Hcat. ;
    of a daughter of Daksha (the mother of the Kāleyas orﾠ Kālakeyas, a family of Asuras) MBh. I, 2520 Hariv. ;
    N. of Durgā L. ;
    (ī) f. black colour, ink orﾠ blacking L. ;
    abuse, censure, defamation L. ;
    a row orﾠ succession of black clouds L. ;
    night L. ;
    a worm orﾠ animalcule generated in the acetous fermentation of milk (= kshīra-kīṭa orﾠ kshāra-kīṭa) L. ;
    the plant Kālâñjanī L. ;
    Ipomoea Turpethum L. ;
    a kind of clay L. ;
    Bignonia suaveolens L. ;
    one of the seven tongues orﾠ flames of fire MuṇḍUp. I, 2, 4 ;
    a form of Durgā MBh. IV, 195 Hariv. Kum. ;
    one of the Mātṛis orﾠ divine mothers L. ;
    N. of a female evil spirit (mother of the Kālakeyas) Hariv. 11552 ;
    one of the sixteen Vidyā-devīs L. ;
    N. of Satyavatī, wife of king Ṡāntanu andﾠ mother of Vyāsa orﾠ Kṛishṇa-dvaipāyana (after her marriage she had a son Vicitra-vīrya, whose widows were married by Kṛishṇa-dvaipāyana, andﾠ bore to him Dhṛita-rāshṭra andﾠ Pāṇḍu MBh. Hariv. ;
    according to other legends Kālī is the wife of Bhīmasena andﾠ mother of Sarvagata BhP.);
    (with orﾠ without gaṅgā) N. of a river;
    (am) n. a black kind of Agallochum L. ;
    a kind of perfume ( kakkolaka) L. ;
    iron L. ;
    kālá
    2) m. (3. kal, « to calculate orﾠ enumerate»), <ifc. f. ā RPrāt. >, a fixed orﾠ right point of time, a space of time, time (in general) AV. XIX, 53 and 54 ṠBr. etc.. ;

    the proper time orﾠ season for (gen. dat. loc., in comp., inf., orﾠ Pot. with yad e.g.. kālaḥprasthānasya orﾠ - nāya orﾠ - ne, time for departure;
    kriyā-kāla, time for action Suṡr. ;
    nâ̱yaṉkālovilambitum, this is not the time to delay Nal.;
    kāloyadbhuñjītabhavān, it is time for you to eat Pāṇ. 3-3, 168 Kāṡ.) ṠBr. MBh. etc.;
    occasion, circumstance MBh. XII, 2950 Mṛicch. ;
    season R. etc.;
    meal-time (twice a day, hence ubhaukālau, « in the morning andﾠ in the evening» MBh. I, 4623 ;
    shashṭhekāle, « in the evening of the third day» MBh. ;
    shashṭhâ̱nna-kāla, « one who eats only at the sixth meal-time, i.e. who passes five meals without eating andﾠ has no meal till the evening of the third day» Mn. XI, 200 ;
    orﾠ without anna e.g.. caturtha-kālam, « at the fourth meal-time i.e. at the evening of the second day» Mn. XI, 109);
    hour (hence shashṭhekāle'hnaḥ, « at the sixth hour of the day, i.e. at noon» Vikr.);
    a period of time, time of the world (= yuga) Rājat. ;
    measure of time, prosody Prāt. Pāṇ. ;
    a section, part VPrāt. ;
    the end ChUp. ;
    death by age Suṡr. ;
    time (as leading to events, the causes of which are imperceptible to the mind of man), destiny, fate MBh. R. etc.;
    time (as destroying all things), death, time of death (often personified andﾠ represented with the attributes of Yama, regent of the dead, orﾠ even identified with him:
    hence kālam-i orﾠ kālaṉ-kṛi, « to die» MBh. etc.;
    kāla in this sense is frequently connected with antaka, mṛityu e.g.. abhy-adhāvataprajāḥkālaivâ̱ntakaḥ, « he attacked the people like Time the destroyer» R. III, 7, 9 ;
    cf. kālâ̱ntaka;
    kāla personified is alsoﾠ a Devarshi in Indra's court, andﾠ a son of Dhruva MBh. I, 2585 Hariv. VP.);
    (am) acc. ind. for a certain time (e.g.. mahāntaṉkālam, for a long time Pañcat.);
    nitya-k-, constantly, always Mn. II, 58 and 73 ;
    dīrgha-k-, during a long time Mn. VIII, 145 ;
    ( ena) instr. ind. in the course of time Mn. IX, 246 MBh. etc.. ;
    with gacchatā id. VP. ;
    dīrgheṇakālena, during a long time MBh. ;
    after a long time R. I, 45, 40 ;
    kālenamahatā orﾠ bahunā id.;
    (āt) abl. ind. in the course of time Mn. VIII, 251 ;
    kālasyadīrghasya orﾠ mahataḥ id. Mn. MBh. etc.;
    kasya-citkālasya, after some time MBh. I, 5299 Hariv. ;
    (é) loc. ind. in time, seasonably RV. X, 42, 9 ṠBr. (cf. a-kāle);
    kālegacchati, in the course of time;
    kāleyāte, after some time;
    kālekāle, always in time MBh. I, 1680 Ragh. IV, 6 ;
    + κήρ;
    Lat. calen-doe:
    Hib. ceal, « death andﾠ everything terrible»
    - कालकचु
    - कालकञ्ज
    - कालकञ्ज्य
    - कालकटङ्कट
    - कालकणी
    - कालकण्टक
    - कालकण्ठ
    - कालकण्ठक
    - कालकन्दक
    - कालकर्णिका
    - कालकर्णी
    - कालकलाय
    - कालकवि
    - कालकस्तूरी
    - कालकाञ्ज
    - कालकीर्ति
    - कालकुञ्ज
    - कालकुष्ठ
    - कालकूट
    - कालकूटक
    - कालकूटीय
    - कालकोटि
    - कालक्लीतक
    - कालखञ्ज
    - कालखञ्जन
    - कालखण्ड
    - कालगङ्गा
    - कालगण्डिका
    - कालगन्ध
    - कालघट
    - कालजिह्व
    - कालताल
    - कालतिन्दुक
    - कालतीर्थ
    - कालदन्तक
    - कालनाभ
    - कालनिर्यास
    - कालनेत्र
    - कालपर्ण
    - कालपर्वत
    - कालपात्रिक
    - कालपालक
    - कालपीलुक
    - कालपुच्छ
    - कालपुच्छक
    - कालपुष्प
    - कालपृष्ठ
    - कालपेशिका
    - कालपेशी
    - कालबीजक
    - कालभाण्डिका
    - कालभैरव
    - कालभोगिन्
    - कालमल्लिका
    - कालमसी
    - कालमही
    - कालमान
    - कालमापनी
    - कालमाल
    - कालमालक
    - कालमुख
    - कालमुष्कक
    - कालमूल
    - कालमेघ
    - कालमेशिका
    - कालमेषिका
    - कालमेषी
    - कालयवन
    - काललवण
    - काललोचन
    - काललोह
    - काललौह
    - कालवदन
    - कालवराटक
    - कालवाल
    - कालवालुक
    - कालवाहन
    - कालविष
    - कालवृक्ष
    - कालवृक्षीय
    - कालवृन्त
    - कालवेला
    - कालशम्बर
    - कालशाक
    - कालशलि
    - कालशिबि
    - कालशैल
    - कालसर्प
    - कालसार
    - कालसिंह
    - कालसूकरिका
    - कालस्कन्ध
    - कालस्कन्धिन्
    - कालहस्तिपुर
    - कालहस्तिशैल
    - कालहस्तीश्वर
    - कालागुरु
    - कालाङ्ग
    - कालाजाजी
    - कालाजिन
    - कालाञ्जन
    - कालाण्डज
    - कालानुसारक
    - कालानुसारिन्
    - कालानुसारिवा
    - कालानुसार्य
    - कालानुसार्यक
    - कालामुख
    - कालाम्र
    - कालायस
    - कालाशोक
    - कालासुहृद्
    - कालीकृ
    - कालोदक
    - कालोदायिन्

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > काल

  • 34 Lichtsignal

    n light signal; (Verkehrsampel) auch traffic light; MOT., Lichthupe: flash (-ing) (of one’s lights); ein Lichtsignal geben flash one’s lights
    * * *
    Lịcht|sig|nal
    nt
    light signal
    * * *
    Licht·si·gnal
    nt light signal
    * * *
    Lichtsignal n light signal; (Verkehrsampel) auch traffic light; AUTO, Lichthupe: flash(-ing) (of one’s lights);
    ein Lichtsignal geben flash one’s lights

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Lichtsignal

  • 35 thread

    Ɵred 1. noun
    1) (a thin strand of cotton, wool, silk etc, especially when used for sewing: a needle and some thread.) tråd
    2) (the spiral ridge around a screw: This screw has a worn thread.) gjenge
    3) (the connection between the various events or details (in a story, account etc): I've lost the thread of what he's saying.) tråd
    2. verb
    1) (to pass a thread through: I cannot thread this needle; The child was threading beads.) træ
    2) (to make (one's way) through: She threaded her way through the crowd.) åle seg gjennom, sno seg gjennom
    •
    garn
    --------
    tråd
    I
    subst. \/θred\/
    1) ( også overført) tråd
    2) garn
    3) fiber
    4) smal stripe, tynn stripe
    5) sildrebekk
    6) ( gruvedrift) tynn malmåre
    7) ( mekanikk) (skrue)gjenge(r)
    8) ( mål på garn) 1 1\/2 yard (1, 37 m)
    gather up the threads samle trådene
    hun samlet\/bandt sammen trådene i fortellingen
    hang by a thread eller hang on a single thread henge i en (tynn) tråd
    have a dry thread on one ha en tørr tråd på kroppen, ha en tørr tråd på seg
    in threads eller worn to a thread tynnslitt
    lose the thread miste tråden
    the main thread den røde tråden
    thread and thrum to alen av samme stykke
    threads ( slang) klær
    II
    verb \/θred\/
    1) træ, træ i
    2) danne en snor gjennom, gå som en tråd gjennom
    3) bukte seg frem, sno seg frem
    4) mate med film
    5) åle seg frem, sno seg frem
    6) ( teknikk) gjengeskjære, gjenge (opp)
    thread a film ( om filmfremviser) sette i en film, mate med film
    thread beads eller thread pearls træ perler på en snor
    threaded ( teknikk) gjenget, med gjenger
    thread one's way through eller thread one's course through sno seg frem gjennom, bane seg vei gjennom
    thread out a path lete seg frem langs en sti, følge en vei

    English-Norwegian dictionary > thread

  • 36 træde

    * * *
    I. vb (trådte, trådt)
    (gå) step ( fx aside, down, forward, in, out);
    ( anbringe foden, fødderne) step, tread ( fx on somebody's foot; tread lightly (, softly); beware how you tread);
    ( mase med foden, fødderne) tread ( fx the grass down; mud into the carpet),
    ( stærkere) trample;
    [ træde ihjel] trample to death;
    (også fig) tread water;
    (se også børnesko, III. fejl);
    [ med præp & adv:]
    (mil.) fall out;
    [ træd af!] dismiss!
    [ træde af på naturens vegne] obey the call of nature;
    (mil.) fall out to relieve nature;
    [ træde an] fall in;
    [ træde fra] resign;
    [ træde frem] step forward,
    ( rage frem) stand out,
    F project,
    ( ses tydeligt) stand out;
    [ træde frem for offentligheden] appear before the public;
    [ træde hen til en] step (el. go) up to somebody;
    [ træde i] step on ( fx the grass), step into ( fx a pool);
    ( blive ved med at sige det samme) labour the point,
    (om bebrejdelse etc) rub it in ( fx there is no need to rub it
    in),
    ( træde i spinaten) put one's foot in it;
    [ træde ham i hælene] tread on his heels;
    [ træde i ens sted, træde i stedet for en] take somebody's place,
    ( være stedfortræder) act as a deputy for somebody,
    F deputize for somebody,
    ( være efterfølger) succeed somebody;
    [ træde i éns tjeneste] enter somebody's service;
    F commence operations;
    [ træde ind] enter, come (, go) in;
    [ træde ind i] enter ( fx a room), step into;
    [ træde ind i en ny fase] enter on a new phase;
    (se også ægtestand);
    [ træde indenfor] enter, come (, go) in;
    [ træde noget itu] step on something and break it, crush something with
    (el. under) one's foot;
    [ træde ned] step down;
    ( ødelægge) tread (el. trample) something down,
    ( så at det dækkes af jord) tread something in,
    ( tynge ned med foden) press something down, depress something ( fx
    the pedal);
    [ træde nærmere] come nearer, approach;
    [ træde om] change (one's) step;
    [ træde en torn op i foden] get a thorn in one's foot;
    [ træde op imod] make a stand against;
    [ træde op på] mount;
    (også fig) tread (el. step) on somebody's toes;
    [ træde på] step on, tread on;
    ( trykke ned) press down,
    F depress ( fx the clutch, the accelerator),
    (fig) step on, tread on,
    ( stærkere) trample on ( fx his feelings), walk on, walk all over
    ( fx she lets him walk all over her);
    [ træde sammen] meet,
    F convene ( fx the committee will convene tomorrow);
    (fig: gribe ind) step in,
    F intervene,
    ( hjælpe) lend a hand, help,
    ( tage ledelsen) take charge;
    [ træde til side] stand (el. step) aside;
    [ træde tilbage] stand back, step back,
    ( gå af) step down, resign,
    ( om minister, regering) resign;
    ( gå på pension) retire;
    [ træde ud] step out,
    (som medlem etc) resign;
    ( tvære ud) tread out;
    [ træde ud af] resign from ( fx the committee); withdraw from,
    F secede from ( fx NATO, the UN);
    (se også nummer, fod).
    II. vb (trådte, trådt el. trædte, trædt)
    ( en nål) thread.

    Danish-English dictionary > træde

  • 37 च


    ca
    1) the 20th letter of the alphabet, 1st of the 2nd ( orﾠ palatal) class of consonants, having the sound of ch in church

    2) ind. andﾠ, both, alsoﾠ, moreover, as well as (= τε, Lat. que, placed like these particles as an enclitic after the word which it connects with what precedes;
    when used with a personal pronoun this must appear in its fuller accented form (e.g.. távacamámaca <not tecameca>, « both of thee andﾠ me»), when used after verbs the first of them is accented Pāṇ. 8-1, 58 f. ;
    it connects whole sentences as well as parts of sentences;
    in RV. the double ca occurs more frequently than the single (e.g.. aháṉcatváṉca, « I andﾠ thou», VIII, 62, 11);
    the double ca may alsoﾠ be used somewhat redundantly in class. Sanskṛit (e.g.. kvahariṇakānāṉjīvitaṉcâ̱tilolaṉkvacavajra-sārāḥṡarāste, « where is the frail existence, of fawns andﾠ where are thy adamantine arrows?» Ṡak. I, 10);
    in later literature, however, the first ca is more usually omitted (e.g.. ahaṉtvaṉca), andﾠ when more than two things are enumerated only one ca is often found (e.g.. tejasāyaṡasālakshmyāsthityācaparayā, « in glory, in fame, in beauty, andﾠ in high position» Nal. XII, 6);
    elsewhere, when more than two things are enumerated, ca is placed after some andﾠ omitted after others (e.g.. ṛiṇa-dātācavaidyaṡcaṡrotriyonadī, « the payer of a debt andﾠ a physician < andﾠ> a Brāhman < andﾠ> a river» Hit. I, 4, 55);
    in Ved. andﾠ even in class. Sanskṛit Mn. III, 20; IX, 322 Hit.,
    when the double ca would generally be used, the second may occasionally be omitted (e.g.. indraṡcasoma, « both Indra < andﾠ thou> Soma» RV. VII, 104, 25 ;
    durbhedyaṡcâ̱ṡusaṉdheyaḥ, « both difficult to be divided < andﾠ> quickly united» Hit. I);
    with lexicographers ca may imply a reference to certain other words which are not expressed (e.g.. kamaṇḍalaucakarakaḥ, « the word karaka has the meaning « pitcher» andﾠ other meanings»);
    sometimes ca is = eva, even, indeed, certainly, just (e.g.. su-cintitaṉcau͡shadhaṉnanāma-mātreṇakarotyarogam, « even a well-devised remedy does not cure a disease by its mere name» Hit. ;
    yāvantaevatetāvāṉṡcasaḥ, « as great as they < were> just so great was he» Ragh. XII, 45);
    occasionally ca is disjunctive, « but», « on the contrary», « on the other hand», « yet», « nevertheless» (varamādyaunacâ̱ntimaḥ, « better the two first but not the last» Hit. ;
    ṡāntamidamāṡrama-padaṉsphuraticabāhuḥ, « this hermitage is tranquil yet my arm throbs» Ṡak. I, 15);
    ca-ca, though-yet Vikr. II, 9 ;
    ca-naca, though - yet not Pat. ;
    ca - natu (v.l. nanu) id., Mālav. IV, 8 ;
    naca - ca, though not - yet Pat. ;
    ca may be used for vā, « either», « orﾠ» (e.g.. ihacâ̱mutravā, « either here orﾠ hereafter» Mn. XII, 89 ;
    strīvāpumānvāyaccâ̱nyatsattvam, « either a woman orﾠ a man orﾠ any other being» R.), andﾠ when a neg. particle is joined with ca the two may then be translated by « neither», « nor» ;
    occasionally one ca orﾠ one na is omitted (e.g.. nacaparibhoktuṉnai ͡vaṡaknomihātum, « I am able neither to enjoy nor to abandon» Ṡak. V, 18 ;
    napūrvâ̱hṇenācaparâ̱hṇe, « neither in the forenoon nor in the afternoon»);
    ca-ca may express immediate connection between two acts orﾠ their simultaneous occurrence (e.g.. mamacamuktaṉtamasāmanomanasijenadhanushiṡaraṡcaniveṡitaḥ, « no sooner is my mind freed from darkness than a shaft is fixed on his bow by the heart-born god», VI, 8);
    ca is sometimes = cêd, « if» (cf. Pāṇ. 8-1, 30 ;
    the verb is accented) RV. AV. MBh. Vikr. II, 20 Bhartṛ. II, 45 ;
    ca may be used as an expletive (e.g.. anyaiṡcakratubhiṡca, « andﾠ with other sacrifices»);
    ca is often joined to an adv. like eva, api, tathā, tathai ͡va, etc., either with orﾠ without a neg. particle (e.g.. vairiṇaṉnôpasevetasahâ̱yaṉcaivavairiṇaḥ, « one ought not to serve either an enemy orﾠ the ally of an enemy» Mn. IV, 133);
    ( seeﾠ eva, api, etc.) For the meaning of ca after an interrogative seeﾠ 2. ká, 2. kathā́, kím, kvá);
    + cf. τε,
    Lat. que, pe (in nempe etc.);
    Goth. uh;
    Zd. ca;
    Old Pers. cā
    3) mfn. pure L. ;
    moving to andﾠ fro L. ;
    mischievous L. ;
    seedless L. ;
    m. a thief. L. ;
    the moon L. ;
    a tortoise L. ;
    Ṡiva L. ;
    - चकार
    - चसमास

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > च

  • 38 Signal

    n; -s, -e signal (auch EISENB.); (Zeichen) sign; das Signal steht auf „Halt“ the signal is at „stop“(EISENB. „danger“); ein Signal übersehen EISENB. overrun a signal; ein Signal geben (give a) signal; Signal geben MOT. sound one’s horn; das Signal für Gefahr the danger signal, the signal for danger; das Signal zum Angriff the signal to attack; das Signal zum Aufbruch fig. the sign (for us etc.) to leave; alle Signale stehen auf... all the pointers are in favo(u)r of...; Signale setzen point the way to the future
    * * *
    das Signal
    signal
    * * *
    Sig|nal [zɪ'gnaːl]
    nt -s, -e (AUCH RAIL, COMPUT))
    signal

    (ein) Signál geben — to give a signal

    mit der Hupe (ein) Signál geben — to hoot (as a signal)

    Signále setzen (fig) — to blaze a trail

    falsche Signále setzen (fig) — to point in the wrong direction

    * * *
    das
    1) (a sign (eg a movement of the hand, a light, a sound), especially one arranged beforehand, giving a command, warning or other message: He gave the signal to advance.) signal
    2) (a machine etc used for this purpose: a railway signal.) signal
    3) (the wave, sound received or sent out by a radio set etc.) signal
    * * *
    Si·gnal
    <-s, -e>
    [zɪˈgna:l]
    nt
    1. (Zeichen) signal
    das \Signal zum Angriff/Start the signal for the attack/start
    [mit etw dat] [ein] \Signal geben to give a/the signal [with sth]
    mit der Hupe [ein] \Signal geben to sound the horn [as a/the signal]
    \Signale aussenden to transmit signals
    2. BAHN signal
    ein \Signal überfahren to pass a signal at danger, to overrun a signal
    3. pl (geh: Ansätze) signs
    [durch etw akk [o mit etw dat]] \Signale [für etw akk] setzen (geh) to blaze a trail [for sth] [with sth]
    4. TELEK signal
    analoges \Signal analogue [or AM also -og] signal
    * * *
    das; Signals, Signale signal

    das Signal steht auf ‘Halt’ — the signal is at ‘stop’

    * * *
    Signal n; -s, -e signal ( auch BAHN); (Zeichen) sign;
    das Signal steht auf „Halt“ the signal is at “stop”(BAHN “danger”);
    ein Signal übersehen BAHN overrun a signal;
    ein Signal geben (give a) signal;
    Signal geben AUTO sound one’s horn;
    das Signal für Gefahr the danger signal, the signal for danger;
    das Signal zum Angriff the signal to attack;
    das Signal zum Aufbruch fig the sign (for us etc) to leave;
    alle Signale stehen auf … all the pointers are in favo(u)r of …;
    Signale setzen point the way to the future
    * * *
    das; Signals, Signale signal

    das Signal steht auf ‘Halt’ — the signal is at ‘stop’

    * * *
    (e) n.
    signal n.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Signal

  • 39 signal

    n; -s, -e signal (auch EISENB.); (Zeichen) sign; das Signal steht auf „Halt“ the signal is at „stop“(EISENB. „danger“); ein Signal übersehen EISENB. overrun a signal; ein Signal geben (give a) signal; Signal geben MOT. sound one’s horn; das Signal für Gefahr the danger signal, the signal for danger; das Signal zum Angriff the signal to attack; das Signal zum Aufbruch fig. the sign (for us etc.) to leave; alle Signale stehen auf... all the pointers are in favo(u)r of...; Signale setzen point the way to the future
    * * *
    das Signal
    signal
    * * *
    Sig|nal [zɪ'gnaːl]
    nt -s, -e (AUCH RAIL, COMPUT))
    signal

    (ein) Signál geben — to give a signal

    mit der Hupe (ein) Signál geben — to hoot (as a signal)

    Signále setzen (fig) — to blaze a trail

    falsche Signále setzen (fig) — to point in the wrong direction

    * * *
    das
    1) (a sign (eg a movement of the hand, a light, a sound), especially one arranged beforehand, giving a command, warning or other message: He gave the signal to advance.) signal
    2) (a machine etc used for this purpose: a railway signal.) signal
    3) (the wave, sound received or sent out by a radio set etc.) signal
    * * *
    Si·gnal
    <-s, -e>
    [zɪˈgna:l]
    nt
    1. (Zeichen) signal
    das \Signal zum Angriff/Start the signal for the attack/start
    [mit etw dat] [ein] \Signal geben to give a/the signal [with sth]
    mit der Hupe [ein] \Signal geben to sound the horn [as a/the signal]
    \Signale aussenden to transmit signals
    2. BAHN signal
    ein \Signal überfahren to pass a signal at danger, to overrun a signal
    3. pl (geh: Ansätze) signs
    [durch etw akk [o mit etw dat]] \Signale [für etw akk] setzen (geh) to blaze a trail [for sth] [with sth]
    4. TELEK signal
    analoges \Signal analogue [or AM also -og] signal
    * * *
    das; Signals, Signale signal

    das Signal steht auf ‘Halt’ — the signal is at ‘stop’

    * * *
    …signal n im subst:
    Blinksignal flashing signal;
    Hornsignal horn signal;
    Jagdsignal hunting signal
    * * *
    das; Signals, Signale signal

    das Signal steht auf ‘Halt’ — the signal is at ‘stop’

    * * *
    (e) n.
    signal n.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > signal

  • 40 terminal

    ['tə:minəl] 1. noun
    1) (a building containing the arrival and departure areas for passengers at an airport or one in the centre of a city or town where passengers can buy tickets for air travel etc and can be transported by bus etc to an airport: an air terminal.) terminal
    2) (a usually large station at either end of a railway line, or one for long-distance buses: a bus terminal.) terminal
    3) (in an electric circuit, a point of connection to a battery etc: the positive/negative terminal.) terminal
    4) (a device linked to a computer by which the computer can be operated.) terminal
    2. adjective
    ((of an illness etc) in the final stage before death: This ward is for patients with terminal cancer.) fatal
    * * *
    ter.mi.nal
    [t'ə:minəl] n 1 final, parte final, extremidade. 2 terminal (estação de ônibus, trem ou aeroporto). 3 Electr borne, terminal. 4 Comp terminal. • adj 1 terminal, final. 2 relativo ao termo. 3 limitativo.

    English-Portuguese dictionary > terminal

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