-
121 som
1) Военный термин: SACLANT staff organization manual, Software Operators Manual, Soldier of the Month, scheme of manoeuvre, standard operating manual, standoff missile2) Техника: scanning optical microscope, self-orientation mechanism, shift operations manager, soundman, start of message character3) Религия: Society Of Masks4) Железнодорожный термин: Somerset Railroad Corporation5) Грубое выражение: Sexy Old Man6) Сокращение: Cushitic: East: Somali: SOMALI, Search-on-the-Move, See Our Message, Senior Officials' Meeting (ASEAN), Somali, Standard Operations Manual, Standing Group on the Oil Market7) Университет: Science Of Mind8) Электроника: System On Module9) Вычислительная техника: Self-Organizing Machine, Structured Object Method, System Object Model (IBM), System Object Model (IBM, ORB, CORBA)10) Нефть: sedimentary organic matter, soluble organic matter11) Картография: Space Oblique Mercator ( projection) (проекция "искаженных площадей" Меркатора)12) Банковское дело: Стокгольмская опционная биржа (Stockholm Option Market)13) Транспорт: Self Organizing Map14) Упаковка: сшитый мешок с открытым верхом16) СМИ: Society Opinion Media17) Деловая лексика: Finnish Options Market, School Of Medicine, Secondary Operation Machine, Share Of Market18) Инвестиции: Stockholm Option Market19) Сетевые технологии: System Object Model, модель системных объектов, начало сообщения20) Автоматика: shop order management21) Сахалин Р: Statutory Operations Manual22) Макаров: start of message (character)23) Расширение файла: Quattro Pro Network serial numbers, Start of Message, System Object Model (IBM), Sort information (Paradox)24) МИД: Senior Officials Meeting25) Фантастика Sons Of The Moon, Subject Object Metaphysics -
122 FDP
[ɛfdeː'peː]f - abbrSee:von Freie Demokratische Partei* * *<->[ɛfde:ˈpe:]* * *die; FDP Abkürzung = Freie Demokratische Partei•• Cultural note:The German Liberal party, which was founded in 1948. This relatively small party tends to gain only 5 to 10% of the vote at general elections, but it has held the balance of power in various coalition governments both with the SPD and the CDU/CSU. It supports a free-market economy and the freedom of the individual* * *A. adj1. free;freier Bürger HIST freeborn citizen, freeman;ein freier Mensch (der tun kann, was er will) a free agent;sie ist frei zu gehen, wenn sie will she is free to go if she wishes;ich bin so frei obs oder hum sich bedienend etc: if I may;ich war so frei, Ihr Auto zu nehmen oderund nahm Ihr Auto I took the liberty of using your car, I helped myself to your carjetzt haben wir freie Fahrt mit Zug: the signal’s green now, the train can go now; mit Auto: the road’s clear now; fig there’s nothing to stop us now;jemanden auf freien Fuß setzen set sb free, let sb go;das Recht auf freie Meinungsäußerung the right of free speech ( oder of self-expression);freiem Willen of one’s own free will;die freie Wahl haben zwischen … und … be free to choose between … and …3. (unabhängig, selbstständig) Stadt etc: free; Beruf, Tankstelle etc: independent; (nicht gebunden) unattached; Journalist, Künstler etc: freelance;die freien Künste the liberal arts;4. im Namen von Organisationen etc:die Freie Hansestadt Bremen the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen;die Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg the Free Hanseatic City of Hamburg5. WIRTSCH:im freien Handel available in the shops (US in stores);freier Markt open market; BÖRSE unofficial market;freie Marktwirtschaft free market economy;freier Wechselkurs floating exchange rate;(die) freie Wirtschaft free enterprise;die Rechte an diesem Buchtitel werden bald frei the rights in this title will soon be free ( oder available)6. (unbesetzt) Stuhl, Raum etc: free, available; Leitung: vacant; Stelle: vacant, open; Straße etc: clear, empty; (unbeschrieben) Seite etc: blank;freie Stelle vacancy;der Platz noch frei? is this seat taken?, is anyone sitting here?;der Stuhl/die Zeile muss frei bleiben the chair must be kept free/the line must be left blank;Platz frei lassen/machen für leave/make space for;jemandem den Weg frei machen clear the way for sb;7. (unbedeckt) bare;der Rock lässt die Knie frei the skirt is above the knee;8. Feld, Himmel, Sicht: open;aufs freie Meer hinaus out into the open sea;in freier Wildbahn in the wild;unter freiem Himmel in the open (air), outsidefreie Zeit free ( oder leisure) time;nächsten Dienstag ist frei next Tuesday is a holiday;hast du morgen frei? do you have tomorrow off?;seitdem habe ich keine freie Minute mehr since then I haven’t had a free moment ( oder a moment to myself);freier Eintritt admission free (für to);Kinder unter sechs sind frei umg von Eintritt, Fahrgeld: children under six are free, no charge for children under six;20 kg Gepäck sind frei there is a baggage (besonders US luggage) allowance of 20kg;frei Haus carriage paid;Lieferung frei Haus free delivery, no delivery charge;dazu bekommt sie auch noch einen Job frei Haus fig what’s more she gets a job handed to her on a plate;du hast noch zwei Versuche frei fig you have two tries left11.frei von (ohne) free from ( oder of), without; von Eis, Schneeschicht etc: clear of; von Steuern etc befreit: exempt from;frei von Schmerzen free from pain;frei von Schulden free from debt;frei von Zusätzen free of additives;niemand ist frei von Fehlern/Vorurteilen nobody is perfect/free from prejudice12.freie Liebe free love;sie ist schon viel freier geworden she has loosened up a great deal14. fig Übersetzung: free;freie Hand haben have a free hand (bei with);jemandem freie Hand lassen give sb a free hand (bei with);15. Sport (ungedeckt) unmarked;zum nächsten freien Mitspieler passen pass to the nearest unmarked player;der freie Mann (vor der Abwehr) the sweeper16. Postwesen: (frankiert) prepaid, post paid17. PHYS; Elektron, Fall, Radikal etc: free; CHEM uncombined;im freien Fall in free fall;frei werden Energie etc: be released;freie Valenzen CHEM free valenciesB. adv1. atmen, herumlaufen etc: freely;frei geboren freeborn;frei laufende Hühner free-range hens;Eier von frei laufenden Hühnern free-range eggs;frei praktizierender Arzt doctor in private practice;frei halten (einen Platz) keep, save; (Straße, Einfahrt) keep clear; (Angebot, Stelle etc) keep open;„Eingang frei halten!“ keep clear;frei halten von keep free of; (Eingang, Straße etc) keep clear of;sich frei halten keep o.s. free (für for);sich frei halten von ward off, avoid2. herumliegen etc: openly;frei stehen Baum, Haus etc: stand by itself; (leer stehen) be unoccupied, be empty; SPORT, Spieler: be unmarked;frei stehend Baum: solitary; Haus, nicht angebaut: detached; einzeln: isolated; SPORT, Spieler: unmarked3. WIRTSCH:frei erhältlich freely available;frei finanziert privately financed;frei konvertierbar freely convertible;frei verkäuflich on general sale, freely available (to buy)4. TECH:frei beweglich freely moving, mobile;schwebend unsupported5.6.frei sprechen Redner: speak without notes; mit Handy im Auto: phone ( oder talk) hands-free, use the speaker phone;ich möchte den Vortrag frei halten I want to give the lecture without notes;einen Kreis frei zeichnen draw a circle freehand;das Kind kann schon frei laufen/stehen the child can walk/stand unaided7.frei erfunden (entirely) fictitious;das hat er frei erfunden he made that up;8. (liberal) liberally;* * *die; FDP Abkürzung = Freie Demokratische Partei•• Cultural note:The German Liberal party, which was founded in 1948. This relatively small party tends to gain only 5 to 10% of the vote at general elections, but it has held the balance of power in various coalition governments both with the SPD and the CDU/CSU. It supports a free-market economy and the freedom of the individual -
123 control
control [kənˈtrəʊl]1. nouna. ( = authority) autorité f• to keep control (of o.s.) se contrôler• to lose control (of o.s.) perdre le contrôle de soi• to lose control of a vehicle/situation perdre le contrôle d'un véhicule/d'une situation• to be in control of a vehicle/situation être maître d'un véhicule/d'une situation• who's in control here? qui est le responsable ici ?► under + control• to bring or get under control [+ fire, inflation] maîtriser ; [+ situation] dominer2. plural noun[+ emotions, expenditure, prices, immigration] contrôler ; [+ child, animal] se faire obéir de ; [+ car] garder la maîtrise de ; [+ crowd] contenir ; [+ organization, business] diriger ; [+ inflation] maîtriser• to control o.s. se contrôler4. compounds• he's a control freak il veut tout régenter ► control panel noun [of aircraft, ship] tableau m de bord ; [of TV, computer] pupitre m de commande━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━‼|/b] [b]to control is not always translated by contrôler.* * *[kən'trəʊl] 1.1) [U] ( domination) (of animals, children, crowd, country, organization) contrôle m (of de); (of operation, project) direction f (of de); (of life, fate) maîtrise f (of, over de); (of disease, pests, social problem) lutte f (of contre)to be in control of — contrôler [territory]; diriger [operation, organization]; maîtriser [problem]
to have control over — contrôler [territory]; maîtriser [fate, life]
to take control of — prendre le contrôle de [territory]; prendre la direction de [organization, project]; prendre [quelque chose] en main [situation]
to be under somebody's control — [person] être sous la direction de quelqu'un; [organization, party] être sous le contrôle de quelqu'un
to be under control — [fire, problem, riot] être maîtrisé
to bring ou get ou keep [something] under control — maîtriser
to be out of control — [crowd, riot] être déchaîné; [fire] ne plus être maîtrisable
to be beyond ou outside somebody's control — échapper au contrôle de quelqu'un
2) [U] ( restraint) (of self, appetite, emotion, urge) maîtrise fto keep control of oneself —
3) [U] ( physical mastery) (of vehicle, machine, ball) contrôle m; (of body, process, system) maîtrise fto keep/lose control of a car — garder/perdre le contrôle d'une voiture
to take control — ( of plane) prendre les commandes
4) [C] (lever, switch) (on vehicle, equipment) commande f; ( on TV) bouton m de réglagevolume control — Television bouton de réglage du son
5) ( regulation) contrôle m (on de)6) ( in experiment) contrôle m2. 3.transitive verb (p prés etc - ll-)1) ( dominate) dominer [market, situation]; contrôler [territory]; diriger [traffic, project]; s'emparer de [mind]; Finance être majoritaire dans [company]2) ( discipline) maîtriser [person, animal, temper, inflation, riot, fire]; endiguer [epidemic]; dominer [emotion]; retenir [laughter]; commander à [limbs]3) ( operate) commander [machine, process]; manœuvrer [boat, vehicle]; piloter [plane]; contrôler [ball]4) ( regulate) régler [speed, temperature]; contrôler [immigration, prices]5) ( check) contrôler [quality]; vérifier [accounts]4.reflexive verb (p prés etc - ll-) -
124 bureaucracy
Gen Mgtan organization structure with a rigid hierarchy of personnel, regulated by set rules and procedures. Max Weber believed that a bureaucracy was technically the most efficient form of organization. He described a bureaucracy as an organization structured around official functions that are bound by rules, each function having its own specified competence. The functions are structured into offices, which are organized into a hierarchy that follows technical rules and norms. Managers in a bureaucracy possess a rational-legal type of authority derived from the office they hold. Bureaucracies have been criticized for eradicating inspiration and creativity in favor of impersonality and the mundaneness and regularity of corporate life. This was best described in William H. Whyte’s The Organization Man, published in 1956, in which the individual was taken over by the bureaucratic machine in the name of efficiency. A more recent and humorous interpretation of life in a bureaucracy has been depicted by Scott Adams in The Dilbert Principle (1996). The term bureaucracy has gradually become a pejorative synonym for excessive and time-consuming paperwork and administration. Bureaucracies fell subject to delayering and downsizing from the 1980s onward, as the flatter organization became the target structure to ensure swifter market response and organizational flexibility. -
125 foreign trade
эк. внешняя торговля ( система экспортно-импортных отношений страны с другими странами)Syn:Ant:foreign trade agreement, foreign trade balance, foreign trade bank, foreign trade deficit, foreign trade enterprise, Foreign Trade Information System, foreign trade monopoly, foreign trade multiplier, foreign trade organization, foreign trade policy, foreign trade price, foreign trade surplus, foreign trade turnover, foreign trade zone, international trade, Foreign Trade Antitrust Improvements Act, Foreign Trade Division, external marketSee:foreign trade agreement, foreign trade balance, foreign trade bank, foreign trade deficit, foreign trade enterprise, Foreign Trade Information System, foreign trade monopoly, foreign trade multiplier, foreign trade organization, foreign trade policy, foreign trade price, foreign trade surplus, foreign trade turnover, foreign trade zone, international trade, Foreign Trade Antitrust Improvements Act, Foreign Trade Division, external market
* * *
внешняя торговля: торговля с иностранными государствами.* * *. . Словарь экономических терминов . -
126 Regionalabkommen
Regionalabkommen n WIWI regional agreement* * *n <Vw> regional agreement* * *Regionalabkommen
regional pact, area agreement;
• Regionalanzeigen regional ads (US);
• Regionalbank regional bank[er], provincial (interior, US, country, Br.) bank;
• Regionalbankscheck country cheque (Br.);
• Regionalbedürfnisse regional needs;
• Regionalbeihilfe regional development aid;
• Regionalbörse provincial stock exchange (Br.), regional exchange, out-of-town market (US);
• Regionalbüro regional office;
• Regionalclearing country (provincial) clearing (Br.);
• Regionalentwicklung regional development;
• Regionalfonds regional fund;
• Regionalgliederung regional organization;
• Regionalhandel regional trade;
• Regionalhaushalt (EU) regional budget;
• Regionalhilfe regional help (aid);
• Regionalhilfsmittel regional aid funds;
• Regionalinstitut regional institution;
• Regionalmarkt regional (provincial, Br.) market;
• Regionalökonomie regional economics;
• Regionalorganisation regional organization;
• Regionalplanung regional (town and country) planning;
• Regionalpolitik regional policy;
• neu gestaltete Regionalpolitik new-look regional policy;
• Regionalpresse regional press;
• Regionalprogramm (Rundfunk) regional program(me);
• Regionalstatistik regional statistics;
• Regionalsteuer regional tax;
• Regionalstreik sectional strike;
• Regionalstruktur divisionalized structure;
• Regionalstudie regional study;
• Regionaltarif local agreement (rate, tariff);
• Regionaluntersuchung regional study;
• Regionalverband regional association;
• Regionalvertretung provincial agency;
• Regionalwechsel country note (Br.);
• Regionalwirtschaft regional economics;
• Regionalzeitungen regional papers, provincial newspapers (press, Br.). -
127 grau
Adj.1. grey, Am. gray; grau in grau Wetter: dismal; grau gestreift grey-(Am. gray-) -striped; grau meliert Haar: greying, Am. graying; grizzled; Stoff etc.: mottled grey (Am. gray); grau werden turn oder go grey (Am. gray); sie hat schon graue Haare bekommen she’s going grey (Am. gray) already; ich lass mir darüber keine grauen Haare wachsen fig. I’m not going to lose any sleep over it2. fig. (trostlos) dark, gloomy; grauer Alltag the daily grind; graue Eminenz grey (Am. gray) eminence, eminence grise; grauer Markt (halb legal) grey (Am. gray) market; für Flugtickets: bucket shop system; eine graue Maus a mousy person; die Grauen Panther the Grey (Am. Gray) Panthers, activist organization promoting old people’s rights; grauer Star MED. cataract(s); grau ist alle Theorie Sprichw. theory is dull and boring, all things theoretical are dull and apathetical; das ist alles graue Theorie it’s all theory; in grauer Vorzeit in the dim and distant past; die grauen Zellen umg. the little grey (Am. gray) cells, one’s grey (Am. gray) matter; in grauer Zukunft oder Ferne in the (far) distant future; das liegt noch in grauer Zukunft oder Ferne that’s still a long way off; er sieht oder malt alles grau in grau he’s so negative about everything* * *grey; gray; hoary* * *[grau]nt -s, -(s)grey (Brit), gray (US); (fig) dullness, drabness* * *2) (grey-haired: He's turning/going grey.) grey3) ((any shade of) a colour between black and white: Grey is rather a dull colour.) grey4) (something grey in colour: I never wear grey.) grey* * *<-s, -[s]>[ˈgrau]nt grey [or AM gray] [colour [or AM -or]]* * *das; Graus, Grau1) grey2) o. Pl. (Trostlosigkeit) dreariness; drabness* * *grau adj1. grey, US gray;grau in grau Wetter: dismal;grau gestreift grey-(US gray-)-striped;sie hat schon graue Haare bekommen she’s going grey (US gray) already;ich lass mir darüber keine grauen Haare wachsen fig I’m not going to lose any sleep over it2. fig (trostlos) dark, gloomy;grauer Alltag the daily grind;graue Eminenz grey (US gray) eminence, eminence grise;eine graue Maus a mousy person;die Grauen Panther the Grey (US Gray) Panthers, activist organization promoting old people’s rights;grauer Star MED cataract(s);grau ist alle Theorie sprichw theory is dull and boring, all things theoretical are dull and apathetical;das ist alles graue Theorie it’s all theory;in grauer Vorzeit in the dim and distant past;malt alles grau in grau he’s so negative about everything* * *das; Graus, Grau1) grey2) o. Pl. (Trostlosigkeit) dreariness; drabness* * *adj.gray (US) adj.grey (UK) adj. -
128 Händler
Händler m 1. BÖRSE trading member, dealer, broker-dealer; 2. GEN dealer, trader, agent; 3. V&M vendor* * *Händler
trader, tradesman, merchant, [market] dealer, monger, marketeer, barterer, (Börse) stockjobber, (Kleingewerbe) chandler, (Ladenbesitzer) shopkeeper, storekeeper (US);
• ambulanter (fliegender, umherziehender) Händler itinerant (door-to-door) trader, costermonger, hawker, barrowman (Br.), pedlar (Br.), peddler (US);
• autorisierter Händler franchised dealer;
• drittklassiger Händler third-market dealer;
• fliegender Händler pedlar, street (door-to-door) trader;
• unbedeutender Händler petty dealer;
• zugelassener Händler franchised dealer;
• Händler in kleinen Effektenabschnitten odd-lot dealer (US);
• Händler mit eigenem Lager stockist (Br.), rack jobber (US);
• Händler mit großen (bedeutenden) Umsätzen heavy dealer;
• Händler in festverzinslichen Werten bond trading officer;
• Händler nicht mehr beliefern to withhold supplies of goods from a dealer;
• Händlerakkreditiv merchant’s letter of credit;
• Händleranalyse dealer research;
• eingedruckte Händler anschrift, Händleraufdruck dealer imprint;
• Händlerbefragung dealer survey (research), shop audit;
• Händlergefolgschaft dealer force;
• Händlergruppe bei einer Versteigerung ring of dealers at an auction;
• Händlerinterview dealer interview;
• eingebaute Händlerkodierung built-in dealers’ coding;
• Händlerkontrolle dealer control;
• Händlerlager dealer inventory;
• Händlermarge trade discount;
• Händlermarke private (dealer) brand;
• Händlernachlass dealer’s rebate;
• Händlernetz dealer network;
• Händlerobligo dealer’s engagement;
• Händlerorganisation dealer organization (outlet);
• Händlerpreis trade price;
• Händlerrabatt distributor’s (trade, functional, US) discount, dealer’s rebate (allowance, abatement, discount), discount earned (allowed to dealers);
• Händlerstand pitch (Br.);
• Händlerverband retail association (US);
• Händlerverdienstspanne dealer markup;
• Händlervereinbarung mit Ausschließlichkeitsklausel exclusive dealer arrangement (US);
• Händlervereinigung dealer organization, retail association (US);
• Händlerwerbung trade advertising, dealer merchandising plan;
• Händlerwettbewerb dealer incentive contest;
• Händlerzeitschrift trade paper;
• Händlerzettel (Börse) slip.
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