learn+up

con-sĕquor, sĕcūtus (or sĕquūtus; v. sequor), 3, v. dep. a.

To follow, follow up, press upon, go after, attend, accompany, pursue any person or thing (class. in prose and poetry); constr. with acc. or absol.

Lit.

In gen. (rare).

With acc.:

consecutus est me usque ad fores,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 93:

me continuo,

id. Am. 3, 1, 20:

te tam strenue,

id. Rud. 2, 6, 9:

prope nos,

id. ib. 4, 3, 11; cf.:

litteras suas prope,

Liv. 41, 10, 12:

vocem gradu,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 21.—

Absol.: ita vos decet;

Consequimini,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 22:

hic se conjecit intro: ego consequor,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 36:

ego rectā consequor,

id. Hec. 3, 3, 12; Nep. Them. 7, 2:

comitibus non consecutis,

without attendants, Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 97.—

In partic.

To follow after or pursue in a hostile manner:

reliquas copias Helvetiorum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 13:

reliquos,

id. ib. 1, 53:

consequuntur equites nostri, ut erat praeceptum, Auct. B. G. 8, 27: consecutis strenue hostibus,

Curt. 5, 4, 34:

fugientem (Servium),

Liv. 1, 48, 4.— Absol.:

ita mihi videntur omnia, mare, terra, caelum consequi, ut, etc.,

Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 3 Fleck. Codd. (Ussing, concoqui).—

To follow, come after, in time: hunc Cethegum consecutus est aetate Cato, Cic. Brut. 15, 61:

Sallustium (Livius, etc.),

Vell. 2, 36, 3:

has tam prosperas res consecuta est subita mutatio,

Nep. Dion, 6, 1; cf. id. Cim. 3, 2:

si haec in eum annum qui consequitur redundarint,

Cic. Mur. 39, 85; cf.:

omnes anni consequentes,

id. Sen. 6, 19:

tempus,

id. Fin. 1, 20, 67:

reliquis consecutis diebus,

id. Phil. 1, 13, 32:

ejusmodi tempora post tuam profectionem consecuta esse,

id. Fam. 1, 5, a, 1; Auct. Her. 2, 5, 8: haec cum Crassus dixisset, silentium est consecutum. Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 160; cf. id. ib. 3, 2, 6; id. Tusc. 4, 8, 19:

hominem consequitur aliquando, numquam comitatur divinitas,

i. e. after death, Curt. 8, 5, 16.—

Trop.

In gen. (rare):

minas jam decem habet a me filia... Hasce ornamentis consequentur alterae,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 9:

his diebus, quae praeterita erunt superiore mense, opera consequi oportet,

to make up, Col. 11, 2, 90.—Far more freq.,

In partic.

To follow a model, copy, an authority, example, opinion, etc.; to imitate, adopt, obey, etc.:

Chrysippum Diogenes consequens partum Jovis dejungit a fabulā,

Cic. N. D. 1, 15, 41:

eum morem,

id. Leg. 2, 7, 18:

alicujus sententiam,

Plaut. As. 2, 1, 13:

necesse'st consilia consequi consimilia,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 35; so,

sententias (principum),

Cic. Cat. 3, 6, 13:

suum quoddam institutum,

id. Off. 1, 32, 116:

exilitatem,

id. Brut. 82, 284:

mediam consilii viam,

Liv. 24, 45, 7.—

To follow a preceding cause as an effect, to ensue, result, to be the consequence, to arise or proceed from:

rebus ab ipsis Consequitur sensus,

Lucr. 1, 461; 3, 929; 4, 867; cf. id. 3, 477: ex quo fit ut pudorem rubor, terrorem pallor et tremor consequatur, Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 19:

quam eorum opinionem magni errores consecuti sunt,

id. ib. 1, 16, 36:

quod dictum magna invidia consecuta est,

Nep. Dion, 6, 4:

ex quo illud naturā consequi, ut communem utilitatem nostrae anteponamus,

Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 64; Quint. 6, 3, 44; 2, 3, 2:

quia libertatem pax consequebatur,

Cic. Phil. 1, 13, 32.—

Of a logical sequence, to follow:

si quod primum in conexo est, necessarium est, fit etiam quod consequitur necessarium,

Cic. Fat. 7, 14; 5, 9; cf. under P. a.—

Meton. (causa pro effectu), by following after any person or thing, to reach, overtake, come up with, attain to, arrive at.

Lit.

With acc.:

si statim navigas, nos Leucade consequere,

Cic. Fam. 16, 1, 2:

aliquem in itinere,

id. Inv. 2, 4, 15; Pompeius ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12, A, §

3: fugientem,

Liv. 1, 48, 4; Curt. 4, 9, 25; Dig. 42, 8, 10, § 16; cf. Verg. A. 11, 722:

cohortes,

Suet. Caes. 31:

virum,

Ov. M. 10, 672:

rates,

id. ib. 8, 143 et saep.—

Absol.:

si adcelerare volent, ad vesperam consequentur,

Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 6:

prius quam alter, qui nec procul aberat, consequi posset,

Liv. 1, 25, 10: Fabius equites praemittit, ut... agmen morarentur dum consequeretur ipse, Auct. B. G. 8, 28 init.:

interim reliqui legati sunt consecuti,

came up, Nep. Them. 7, 2.—

Trop., to reach, overtake, obtain (cf. assequor).

Ingen.

With things as objects (so most freq.), to obtain, acquire, get, attain, reach:

ut opes quam maximas consequantur,

Cic. Off. 1, 19, 64; cf.

quaestum,

id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34:

amplissimos honores,

id. Planc. 5, 13:

magistratum,

id. ib. 25, 60:

eam rem (i. e. regna),

Caes. B. G. 2, 1:

dum sua quisque spolia consequi studet,

Curt. 4, 9, 19.—With ab:

nec dubitat quin ego a te nutu hoc consequi possem,

Cic. Fam. 13, 1, 5: ab aliquo suum consequi, Gai Inst. 2, 55; Dig. 15, 1, 9, § 1; Cic. Planc. 23, 55.—With ex:

fructum amplissimum ex vestro judicio,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 2:

gloriosam victoriam ex rei publicae causā,

id. Cael. 7, 18:

aliquid commodi ex laboriosā exercitatione corporis,

id. Fin. 1, 10, 35; Quint. 7, 2, 42.—With per:

omnia per senatum (corresp. with adsequi per populum),

Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 10; Quint. 3, 8, 34. —With abl.:

ut omnem gloriam... omni curā atque industriā consequare,

Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 9; 1, 5, b, 2 fin.:

suis erga aliquem meritis inpunitatem,

id. Planc. 1, 3:

tantam gloriam duabus victoriis,

Nep. Them. 6, 3; id. Dat. 5, 2; id. Att. 19, 2; 21, 1; Quint. 10, 1, 8; 10, 1, 102; Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 68.—With in and abl.:

si quid in dicendo consequi possum,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 2:

in hac pernicie rei publicae... gratiam,

id. Off. 2, 22, 79:

Achillis gloriam in rebus bellicis,

Quint. 12, 11, 27; cf. Nep. Ages. 2, 5.—With ut or ne:

hoc consequi, ut ne, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 1, 2, 4:

nec legum repertores sine summā vi orandi consecutos, ut. etc.,

Quint. 2, 16, 9; 5, 10, 125; 8, 3, 70; Vell. 2, 124, 4; Cels. 7, 26, 3; vix per matrem consecutus, ut, etc., Suet Tib. 12:

per quae si consequi potuimus, ut, etc.,

Cels. 3, 19:

sicut hic Cicero consequitur, ne, etc.,

Quint. 9, 2, 62.— Absol.: quibus ex rebus largiter erat consecutus, made great profit, Auct. B. Afr. 62; cf.:

non quod minore numero militum consequi difficile factu putaret, sed ut, etc., Auct. B. Alex. 30, 3: non est turpe non consequi, dummodo sequaris,

Sen. Ben. 5, 5, 4.—With inf. as object:

vere enim illud dicitur, perverse dicere homines perverse dicendo facillime consequi,

Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 150.—

Sometimes with a personal object, and with a thing as subject (cf. capio, II.), to reach, come to, overtake:

matrem ipsam ex aegritudine hac miseram mors consecuta'st,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 23:

tanta prosperitas Caesarem est consecuta. ut, etc.,

Nep. Att. 19, 3; Quint. 7, 4, 19:

si aliqua nos incommoda ex iis materiis consequentur,

id. 2, 10, 14; cf. I. B. 2, b. supra.—

In partic.

To become like or equal to a person or thing in any property or quality, to attain, come up to, to equal (cf. adsequor):

aliquem majorem,

Cic. Brut. 64, 228:

nullam partem tuorum meritorum,

id. Fam. 1, 8, 6; cf.:

ad consequendos, quos priores ducimus, accendimur,

Vell. 1, 17, 7:

verborum prope numerum sententiarum numero,

Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 56; Col. 11, 2, 90.—

To reach with the sight, to distinguish (rare): animalia [p. 430] minuta, quae non possunt oculi consequi, Varr. R. R. 1, 12, 2.—

To attain to something intellectually or by speech, to understand, perceive, learn, know:

similitudinem veri,

Cic. Univ. 3 init.:

plura,

Nep. Alcib. 2, 1: quantum conjecturā, Caes. ap. Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 10 (12), 4:

omnis illorum conatus investigare et consequi,

Cic. Verr. 1, 16, 48; id. Fam. 1, 8, 6: omnia alicujus facta aut memoriā consequi aut oratione complecti. id. Verr. 2, 4, 26, § 57:

tantam causam diligentiā consequi et memoriā complecti,

id. Div. in Caecil. 12, 39.—

Of speech or lang., to attain, be equal to, impress fully, do justice to, etc.:

vestram magnitudinem multitudinemque beneficiorum,

Cic. Red. Quir. 2, 5:

laudes ejus verbis,

id. Phil. 5, 13, 35, cf. id. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 270, 21: omnia verbis, Ov M. 15 419; cf. Cic. Dom. 50, 129.—Hence, consĕquens, entis, P. a. (acc. to I. B.).

According to reason, correspondent, suitable, fit:

in conjunctis verbis quod non est consequens vituperandum est,

Cic. Part. Or. 6, 18; cf. Quint. 4, 3, 5; 5, 10, 75.—Hence,

Consequens est = consentaneum est, it is in accordance with reason, fit, suitable, etc.; with ut or acc. and inf.:

consequens esse videtur, ut scribas, etc.,

Cic. Leg. 1, 5, 15:

consequens est, eos invitos non potuisse retineri,

Quint. 5, 10, 77; so,

dicere,

Gell. 1, 4, 7; Dig. 43, 23, 15 fin. —

That follows logically, consequent; with dat.:

assentior, eorum quae posuisti alterum alteri consequens esse,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 8, 21; cf. id. ib. 5, 7, 18.— Comp.:

quid consequentius, quam ut, etc.,

Aug. Trin. 15, 19 fin. — Sup. apparently not in use.—Hence, subst.: consĕ-quens, entis, n., a consequence:

teneamus illud necesse est, cum consequens aliquod falsum sit, illud, cujus id consequens sit, non posse esse verum,

Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 68:

consequentibus vestris sublatis, prima tolluntur,

id. ib. 4, 19, 55; id. de Or. 2, 53, 215; id. Top. 12, 53; Quint. 5, 10, 2; 6, 3, 66.— Hence, consĕquenter, adv. (post-class.).

In an accordant, suitable manner, suitably, conformably; with dat.:

prioribus dicere,

Dig. 35, 2, 11; so ib. 10, 2, 18; App. M. 11, p. 257.— Absol., Hier. Ep. 22, n. 13.—

In consequence, consequently, App. M. 10 init. — Comp. and sup. not in use.

► Pass.: quae vix ab hominibus consequi possunt anuesthai, Orbilius ap. Prisc. p. 791 P.

do, dĕdi, dătum, dăre (also in a longer form, dănunt = dant, Pac., Naev., and Caecil. ap. Non. 97, 14 sq.; Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 48; id. Ps. 3, 1, 1 et saep.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 68, 12 Müll.— Subj.:

duim = dem,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 6; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 38:

duis,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 81; id. Men. 2, 1, 42:

duas = des,

id. Merc. 2, 3, 67; id. Rud. 5, 3, 12; an old formula in Liv. 10, 19:

duit,

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 54; id. Aul. 1, 1, 23; an old formula in Liv. 22, 10 init.:

duint,

Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 126; id. Ps. 4, 1, 25; id. Trin. 2, 4, 35; Ter. And. 4, 1, 43; id. Phorm. 3, 2, 34 al.— Imper.: DVITOR, XII. Tab. ap. Plin. 21, 3, 5 ex conject.—Inf.: DASI = dari, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 68, 13 Müll.:

dane = dasne,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 22.—The pres. pass., first pers., dor, does not occur), v. a. [Sanscr. dā, da-dā-mi, give; Gr. di-dô-mi, dôtêr, dosis; cf.: dos, donum, damnum], to give; and hence, with the greatest variety of application, passing over into the senses of its compounds, derivatives, and synonyms (edere, tradere, dedere; reddere, donare, largiri, concedere, exhibere, porrigere, praestare, impertire, suppeditare, ministrare, subministrare, praebere, tribuere, offerre, etc.), as, to give away, grant, concede, allow, permit; give up, yield, resign; bestow, present, confer, furnish, afford; offer, etc. (very freq.).

In gen.:

eam carnem victoribus danunt, Naev. ap. Non. l. l.: ea dona, quae illic Amphitruoni sunt data,

Plaut. Am. prol. 138; cf.:

patera, quae dono mi illic data'st,

id. ib. 1, 3, 36:

dandis recipiendisque meritis,

Cic. Lael. 8; cf.:

ut par sit ratio acceptorum et datorum,

id. ib. 16, 58: ut obsides accipere non dare consuerint, Caes. B. G. 1, 4 fin.:

obsides,

id. ib. 1, 19, 1;

1, 31, 7 et saep.: patriam (sc. mundum) dii nobis communem secum dederunt,

Cic. Rep. 1, 13:

hominibus animus datus est ex illis sempiternis ignibus,

id. ib. 6, 15; cf. ib. 6, 17:

ea dant magistratus magis, quae etiamsi nolint, danda sint,

id. ib. 1, 31; cf.

imperia,

id. ib. 1, 44:

centuria, ad summum usum urbis fabris tignariis data,

id. ib. 2, 22:

Lycurgus agros locupletium plebi, ut servitio, colendos dedit,

id. ib. 3, 9 fin.:

ei filiam suam in matrimonium dat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 3, 5:

litteras ad te numquam habui cui darem, quin dederim,

Cic. Fam. 12, 19: litteras (ad aliquem), to write to one, saep.; cf. id. Att. 5, 11;

and in the same signif.: aliquid ad aliquem,

id. ib. 10, 8 fin.:

litteras alicui, said of the writer,

to give one a letter to deliver, id. ib. 5, 15 fin.;

of the bearer, rarely,

to deliver a letter to one, id. ib. 5, 4 init.: colloquium dare, to join in a conference, converse ( poet.), Lucr. 4, 598 (Lachm.;

al. videmus): colloquiumque sua fretus ab urbe dedit,

parley, challenge, Prop. 5, 10, 32:

dare poenas,

to give satisfaction, to suffer punishment, Sall. C. 18:

alicui poenas dare,

to make atonement to any one; to suffer for any thing, Ov. M. 6, 544; Sall. C. 51, 31;

v. poena: decus sibi datum esse justitia regis existimabant,

Cic. Rep. 1, 41:

quoniam me quodammodo invitas et tui spem das,

id. ib. 1, 10:

dabant hae feriae tibi opportunam sane facultatem ad explicandas tuas litteras,

id. ib. 1, 9; cf.:

ansas alicui ad reprehendendum,

id. Lael. 16, 59:

multas causas suspicionum offensionumque,

id. ib. 24:

facultatem per provinciam itineris faciundi,

Caes. B. G. 1, 7, 5;

for which: iter alicui per provinciam,

id. ib. 1, 8, 3; Liv. 8, 5; 21, 20 al.:

modicam libertatem populo,

Cic. Rep. 2, 31:

consilium,

id. Lael. 13:

praecepta,

id. ib. 4 fin.:

tempus alicui, ut, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 3:

inter se fidem et jusjurandum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 3 fin.:

operam,

to bestow labor and pains on any thing, Cic. de Or. 1, 55:

operam virtuti,

id. Lael. 22, 84;

also: operam, ne,

id. ib. 21, 78:

veniam amicitiae,

id. ib. 17:

vela (ventis),

to set sail, id. de Or. 2, 44, 187:

dextra vela dare,

to steer towards the right, Ov. 3, 640:

me librum L. Cossinio ad te perferendum dedisse,

Cic. Att. 2, 1:

sin homo amens diripiendam urbem daturus est,

id. Fam. 14, 14 et saep.: ita dat se res, so it is circumstanced, so it is, Poëta ap. Cic. N. D. 2, 26; cf.:

prout tempus ac res se daret,

Liv. 28, 5 et saep.— Impers.: sic datur, so it goes, such is fate, i. e. you have your reward, Plaut. Truc. 4, 8, 4; id. Ps. 1, 2, 22; id. Men. 4, 2, 40; 64; id. Stich. 5, 6, 5.— Part. perf. sometimes (mostly in poets) subst.: dăta, ōrum, n., gifts, presents, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 72; Prop. 3, 15, 6 (4, 14, 6 M.); Ov. M. 6, 363 (but not in Cic. Clu. 24, 66, where dona data belong together, as in the archaic formula in Liv. 22, 10 init.:

DATVM DONVM DVIT, P. R. Q.).— Prov.: dantur opes nulli nunc nisi divitibus,

Mart. 5, 81, 2; cf.:

dat census honores,

Ov. F. 1, 217.—

Poet. with inf.:

da mihi frui perpetuā virginitate,

allow me, Ov. M. 1, 486; id. ib. 8, 350:

di tibi dent captā classem reducere Trojā,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 191; so id. ib. 1, 4, 39; id. Ep. 1, 16, 61; id. A. P. 323 et saep.—

With ne:

da, femina ne sim,

Ov. M. 12, 202.

In partic.

In milit. lang.

Nomina, to enroll one's self for military service, to enlist, Cic. Phil. 7, 4, 13; Liv. 2, 24; 5, 10; cf.

transf. beyond the military sphere,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 6, 38.—

Manus (lit., as a prisoner of war, to stretch forth the hands to be fettered; cf. Cic. Lael. 26, 99;

hence),

to yield, surrender, Nep. Ham. 1, 4;

and more freq. transf. beyond the milit. sphere,

to yield, acquiesce, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 72; Cic. Lael. 26, 99; id. Att. 2, 22, 2; Caes. B. G. 5, 31, 3; Ov. H. 4, 14; id. F. 3, 688; Verg. A. 11, 568; Hor. Epod. 17, 1 al.—

Terga, for the usual vertere terga; v. tergum.—

To grant, consent, permit.

Esp. in jurid. lang.: DO, DICO, ADDICO, the words employed by the praetor in the execution of his office; viz. DO in the granting of judges, actions, exceptions, etc.; DICO in pronouncing sentence of judgment; ADDICO in adjudging the property in dispute to one or the other party; cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 30 Müll.;

hence called tria verba,

Ov. F. 1, 47.—

Datur, it is permitted, allowed, granted; with subj. clause: quaesitis diu terris, ubi sistere detur, Ov. M. 1, 307:

interim tamen recedere sensim datur,

Quint. 11, 3, 127:

ex quo intellegi datur, etc.,

Lact. 5, 20, 11.—

In philos. lang., to grant a proposition:

in geometria prima si dederis, danda sunt omnia: dato hoc, dandum erit illud (followed by concede, etc.),

Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 83; id. Tusc. 1, 11, 25; id. Inv. 1, 31 fin. —

Designating the limit, to put, place, carry somewhere; and with se, to betake one's self somewhere:

tum genu ad terram dabo,

to throw, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 17; cf.:

aliquem ad terram,

Liv. 31, 37; Flor. 4, 2 fin.:

me haec deambulatio ad languorem dedit!

has fatigued me, Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 3:

hanc mihi in manum dat,

id. And. 1, 5, 62:

praecipitem me in pistrinum dabit,

id. ib. 1, 3, 9:

hostes in fugam,

Caes. B. G. 5, 51 fin.:

hostem in conspectum,

to bring to view, Liv. 3, 69 fin.:

aliquem in vincula,

to cast into prison, Flor. 3, 10, 18; cf.:

arma in profluentes,

id. 4, 12, 9:

aliquem usque Sicanium fretum,

Val. Fl. 2, 28:

aliquem leto,

to put to death, to kill, Phaedr. 1, 22, 9:

se in viam,

to set out on a journey, Cic. Fam. 14, 12:

sese in fugam,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 43 fin.; cf.:

se fugae,

id. Att. 7, 23, 2:

Socrates, quam se cumque in partem dedisset, omnium fuit facile princeps,

id. de Or. 3, 16, 60 et saep.—

Designating the effect, to cause, make, bring about, inflict, impose:

qui dederit damnum aut malum,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 116:

nec consulto alteri damnum dari sine dolo malo potest,

Cic. Tull. 14, 34; 16, 39; cf.:

malum dare,

id. N. D. 1, 44, 122:

hoc quī occultari facilius credas dabo,

Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 29:

inania duro vulnera dat ferro,

Ov. M. 3, 84:

morsus,

Prop. 5, 5, 39; cf.:

motus dare,

to impart motion, Lucr. 1, 819 al. (but motus dare, to make motion, to move, be moved, id. 2, 311):

stragem,

id. 1, 288:

equitum ruinas,

to overthrow, id. 5, 1329.—With part. fut. pass.:

pectora tristitiae dissolvenda dedit,

caused to be delivered from sadness, Tib. 1, 7, 40.—

Prov.: dant animos vina,

Ov. M. 12, 242. —

Aliquid alicui, to do any thing for the sake of another; to please or humor another; to give up, sacrifice any thing to another (for the more usual condonare): da hoc illi mortuae, da ceteris amicis ac familiaribus, da patriae, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5 fin.: aliquid auribus alicujus, Trebon. ib. 12, 16:

Caere hospitio Vestalium cultisque diis,

Liv. 7, 20:

plus stomacho quam consilio,

Quint. 10, 1, 117 et saep.:

ut concessisti illum senatui, sic da hunc populo,

i. e. forgive him, for the sake of the people, Cic. Lig. 12, 37:

dabat et famae, ut, etc.,

Tac. A. 1, 7.—Hence,

Se alicui, to give one's self up wholly, to devote, dedicate one's self to a person or thing, to serve:

dedit se etiam regibus,

Cic. Rab. Post. 2, 4; so Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 10; id. Heaut. 4, 3, 10; Poëta ap. Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2; Cic. Att. 7, 12, 3; Nep. Att. 9; Tac. A. 1, 31:

mihi si large volantis ungula se det equi,

Stat. Silv, 2, 2, 38; 1, 1, 42; 5, 3, 71 al.; Aus. Mosel. 5, 448; cf. Ov. H. 16, 161:

se et hominibus Pythagoreis et studiis illis,

Cic. Rep. 1, 111:

se sermonibus vulgi,

id. ib. 6, 23:

se jucunditati,

id. Off. 1, 34 al.:

se populo ac coronae,

to present one's self, appear, id. Verr. 2, 3, 19; cf.:

se convivio,

Suet. Caes. 31 et saep.:

si se dant (judices) et sua sponte quo impellimus inclinant,

Cic. de Or. 2, 44, 187.—

Of discourse, to announce, tell, relate, communicate (like accipere, for to learn, to hear, v. accipio, II.; mostly ante-class. and poet.):

erili filio hanc fabricam dabo,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 132:

quam ob rem has partes didicerim, paucis dabo,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 10; cf. Verg. E. 1, 19:

imo etiam dabo, quo magis credas,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 37:

da mihi nunc, satisne probas?

Cic. Ac. 1, 3, 10:

Thessalici da bella ducis,

Val. Fl. 5, 219:

is datus erat locus colloquio,

appointed, Liv. 33, 13:

fixa canens... Saepe dedit sedem notas mutantibus urbes,

i. e. foretold, promised, Luc. 5, 107.—In pass., poet. i. q.: narratur, dicitur, fertur, etc., is said:

seu pius Aeneas eripuisse datur,

Ov. F. 6, 434; Stat. Th. 7, 315; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 337.—

Fabulam, to exhibit, produce a play (said of the author; cf.:

docere fabulam, agere fabulam),

Cic. Brut. 18 fin.; id. Tusc. 1, 1 fin.; Ter. Eun. prol. 9; 23; id. Heaut. prol. 33; id. Hec. prol. 1 Don.;

and transf.,

Cic. Clu. 31, 84; cf.

also: dare foras librum = edere,

Cic. Att. 13, 22, 3.—

Verba (alicui), to give [p. 605] empty words, i. e. to deceive, cheat, Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 25; id. Ps. 4, 5, 7; id. Rud. 2, 2, 19; Ter. And. 1, 3, 6 Ruhnk.; Quadrig. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 24; Cic. Phil. 13, 16 fin.; id. Att. 15, 16 A.; Hor. S. 1, 3, 22; Pers. 4, 45; Mart. 2, 76 et saep.—

Alicui aliquid (laudi, crimini, vitio, etc.), to impute, assign, ascribe, attribute a thing to any one, as a merit, a crime, a fault, etc.:

nunc quam rem vitio dent, quaeso animum attendite,

Ter. And. prol. 8:

hoc vitio datur,

id. Ad. 3, 3, 64:

inopiā criminum summam laudem Sex. Roscio vitio et culpae dedisse,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 16, 48; id. Off. 1, 21, 71; 2, 17, 58; id. Div. in Caecil. 10; id. Brut. 80, 277 et saep.—

Alicui cenam, epulas, etc., to give one a dinner, entertain at table (freq.):

qui cenam parasitis dabit,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 4, 2; 3, 1, 35; id. Stich. 4, 1, 8; Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 45; Cic. Fam. 9, 20, 2; id. Mur. 36, 75:

prandium dare,

id. ib. 32, 67; cf. Sen. Ben. 1, 14, 1; Tac. A. 2, 57 al.—

To grant, allow, in gen. (rare, but freq. as impers.; v. B. 2. supra):

dari sibi diem postulabat,

a respite, Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 32.

- do, -dāre ( obsol., found only in the compounds, abdo, condo, abscondo, indo, etc.), 1, v. a. [Sanscr. root dhā-, da-dhāmi, set, put, place; Gr. the-, tithêmi; Ger. thun, thue, that; Eng. do, deed, etc.]. This root is distinct from 1. do, Sanscr. dā, in most of the Arian langg.; cf. Pott. Etym. Forsch. 2, 484; Corss. Ausspr. 2, 410;

but in Italy the two seem to have been confounded, at least in compounds,

Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 254 sq.; cf. Max Müller, Science of Lang. Ser. 2, p. 220, N. Y. ed.; Fick, Vergl. Wört. p. 100.

do, acc. of domus, v. domus init.

do, dĕdi, dătum, dăre (also in a longer form, dănunt = dant, Pac., Naev., and Caecil. ap. Non. 97, 14 sq.; Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 48; id. Ps. 3, 1, 1 et saep.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 68, 12 Müll.— Subj.:

duim = dem,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 6; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 38:

duis,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 81; id. Men. 2, 1, 42:

duas = des,

id. Merc. 2, 3, 67; id. Rud. 5, 3, 12; an old formula in Liv. 10, 19:

duit,

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 54; id. Aul. 1, 1, 23; an old formula in Liv. 22, 10 init.:

duint,

Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 126; id. Ps. 4, 1, 25; id. Trin. 2, 4, 35; Ter. And. 4, 1, 43; id. Phorm. 3, 2, 34 al.— Imper.: DVITOR, XII. Tab. ap. Plin. 21, 3, 5 ex conject.—Inf.: DASI = dari, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 68, 13 Müll.:

dane = dasne,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 22.—The pres. pass., first pers., dor, does not occur), v. a. [Sanscr. dā, da-dā-mi, give; Gr. di-dô-mi, dôtêr, dosis; cf.: dos, donum, damnum], to give; and hence, with the greatest variety of application, passing over into the senses of its compounds, derivatives, and synonyms (edere, tradere, dedere; reddere, donare, largiri, concedere, exhibere, porrigere, praestare, impertire, suppeditare, ministrare, subministrare, praebere, tribuere, offerre, etc.), as, to give away, grant, concede, allow, permit; give up, yield, resign; bestow, present, confer, furnish, afford; offer, etc. (very freq.).

In gen.:

eam carnem victoribus danunt, Naev. ap. Non. l. l.: ea dona, quae illic Amphitruoni sunt data,

Plaut. Am. prol. 138; cf.:

patera, quae dono mi illic data'st,

id. ib. 1, 3, 36:

dandis recipiendisque meritis,

Cic. Lael. 8; cf.:

ut par sit ratio acceptorum et datorum,

id. ib. 16, 58: ut obsides accipere non dare consuerint, Caes. B. G. 1, 4 fin.:

obsides,

id. ib. 1, 19, 1;

1, 31, 7 et saep.: patriam (sc. mundum) dii nobis communem secum dederunt,

Cic. Rep. 1, 13:

hominibus animus datus est ex illis sempiternis ignibus,

id. ib. 6, 15; cf. ib. 6, 17:

ea dant magistratus magis, quae etiamsi nolint, danda sint,

id. ib. 1, 31; cf.

imperia,

id. ib. 1, 44:

centuria, ad summum usum urbis fabris tignariis data,

id. ib. 2, 22:

Lycurgus agros locupletium plebi, ut servitio, colendos dedit,

id. ib. 3, 9 fin.:

ei filiam suam in matrimonium dat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 3, 5:

litteras ad te numquam habui cui darem, quin dederim,

Cic. Fam. 12, 19: litteras (ad aliquem), to write to one, saep.; cf. id. Att. 5, 11;

and in the same signif.: aliquid ad aliquem,

id. ib. 10, 8 fin.:

litteras alicui, said of the writer,

to give one a letter to deliver, id. ib. 5, 15 fin.;

of the bearer, rarely,

to deliver a letter to one, id. ib. 5, 4 init.: colloquium dare, to join in a conference, converse ( poet.), Lucr. 4, 598 (Lachm.;

al. videmus): colloquiumque sua fretus ab urbe dedit,

parley, challenge, Prop. 5, 10, 32:

dare poenas,

to give satisfaction, to suffer punishment, Sall. C. 18:

alicui poenas dare,

to make atonement to any one; to suffer for any thing, Ov. M. 6, 544; Sall. C. 51, 31;

v. poena: decus sibi datum esse justitia regis existimabant,

Cic. Rep. 1, 41:

quoniam me quodammodo invitas et tui spem das,

id. ib. 1, 10:

dabant hae feriae tibi opportunam sane facultatem ad explicandas tuas litteras,

id. ib. 1, 9; cf.:

ansas alicui ad reprehendendum,

id. Lael. 16, 59:

multas causas suspicionum offensionumque,

id. ib. 24:

facultatem per provinciam itineris faciundi,

Caes. B. G. 1, 7, 5;

for which: iter alicui per provinciam,

id. ib. 1, 8, 3; Liv. 8, 5; 21, 20 al.:

modicam libertatem populo,

Cic. Rep. 2, 31:

consilium,

id. Lael. 13:

praecepta,

id. ib. 4 fin.:

tempus alicui, ut, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 3:

inter se fidem et jusjurandum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 3 fin.:

operam,

to bestow labor and pains on any thing, Cic. de Or. 1, 55:

operam virtuti,

id. Lael. 22, 84;

also: operam, ne,

id. ib. 21, 78:

veniam amicitiae,

id. ib. 17:

vela (ventis),

to set sail, id. de Or. 2, 44, 187:

dextra vela dare,

to steer towards the right, Ov. 3, 640:

me librum L. Cossinio ad te perferendum dedisse,

Cic. Att. 2, 1:

sin homo amens diripiendam urbem daturus est,

id. Fam. 14, 14 et saep.: ita dat se res, so it is circumstanced, so it is, Poëta ap. Cic. N. D. 2, 26; cf.:

prout tempus ac res se daret,

Liv. 28, 5 et saep.— Impers.: sic datur, so it goes, such is fate, i. e. you have your reward, Plaut. Truc. 4, 8, 4; id. Ps. 1, 2, 22; id. Men. 4, 2, 40; 64; id. Stich. 5, 6, 5.— Part. perf. sometimes (mostly in poets) subst.: dăta, ōrum, n., gifts, presents, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 72; Prop. 3, 15, 6 (4, 14, 6 M.); Ov. M. 6, 363 (but not in Cic. Clu. 24, 66, where dona data belong together, as in the archaic formula in Liv. 22, 10 init.:

DATVM DONVM DVIT, P. R. Q.).— Prov.: dantur opes nulli nunc nisi divitibus,

Mart. 5, 81, 2; cf.:

dat census honores,

Ov. F. 1, 217.—

Poet. with inf.:

da mihi frui perpetuā virginitate,

allow me, Ov. M. 1, 486; id. ib. 8, 350:

di tibi dent captā classem reducere Trojā,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 191; so id. ib. 1, 4, 39; id. Ep. 1, 16, 61; id. A. P. 323 et saep.—

With ne:

da, femina ne sim,

Ov. M. 12, 202.

In partic.

In milit. lang.

Nomina, to enroll one's self for military service, to enlist, Cic. Phil. 7, 4, 13; Liv. 2, 24; 5, 10; cf.

transf. beyond the military sphere,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 6, 38.—

Manus (lit., as a prisoner of war, to stretch forth the hands to be fettered; cf. Cic. Lael. 26, 99;

hence),

to yield, surrender, Nep. Ham. 1, 4;

and more freq. transf. beyond the milit. sphere,

to yield, acquiesce, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 72; Cic. Lael. 26, 99; id. Att. 2, 22, 2; Caes. B. G. 5, 31, 3; Ov. H. 4, 14; id. F. 3, 688; Verg. A. 11, 568; Hor. Epod. 17, 1 al.—

Terga, for the usual vertere terga; v. tergum.—

To grant, consent, permit.

Esp. in jurid. lang.: DO, DICO, ADDICO, the words employed by the praetor in the execution of his office; viz. DO in the granting of judges, actions, exceptions, etc.; DICO in pronouncing sentence of judgment; ADDICO in adjudging the property in dispute to one or the other party; cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 30 Müll.;

hence called tria verba,

Ov. F. 1, 47.—

Datur, it is permitted, allowed, granted; with subj. clause: quaesitis diu terris, ubi sistere detur, Ov. M. 1, 307:

interim tamen recedere sensim datur,

Quint. 11, 3, 127:

ex quo intellegi datur, etc.,

Lact. 5, 20, 11.—

In philos. lang., to grant a proposition:

in geometria prima si dederis, danda sunt omnia: dato hoc, dandum erit illud (followed by concede, etc.),

Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 83; id. Tusc. 1, 11, 25; id. Inv. 1, 31 fin. —

Designating the limit, to put, place, carry somewhere; and with se, to betake one's self somewhere:

tum genu ad terram dabo,

to throw, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 17; cf.:

aliquem ad terram,

Liv. 31, 37; Flor. 4, 2 fin.:

me haec deambulatio ad languorem dedit!

has fatigued me, Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 3:

hanc mihi in manum dat,

id. And. 1, 5, 62:

praecipitem me in pistrinum dabit,

id. ib. 1, 3, 9:

hostes in fugam,

Caes. B. G. 5, 51 fin.:

hostem in conspectum,

to bring to view, Liv. 3, 69 fin.:

aliquem in vincula,

to cast into prison, Flor. 3, 10, 18; cf.:

arma in profluentes,

id. 4, 12, 9:

aliquem usque Sicanium fretum,

Val. Fl. 2, 28:

aliquem leto,

to put to death, to kill, Phaedr. 1, 22, 9:

se in viam,

to set out on a journey, Cic. Fam. 14, 12:

sese in fugam,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 43 fin.; cf.:

se fugae,

id. Att. 7, 23, 2:

Socrates, quam se cumque in partem dedisset, omnium fuit facile princeps,

id. de Or. 3, 16, 60 et saep.—

Designating the effect, to cause, make, bring about, inflict, impose:

qui dederit damnum aut malum,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 116:

nec consulto alteri damnum dari sine dolo malo potest,

Cic. Tull. 14, 34; 16, 39; cf.:

malum dare,

id. N. D. 1, 44, 122:

hoc quī occultari facilius credas dabo,

Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 29:

inania duro vulnera dat ferro,

Ov. M. 3, 84:

morsus,

Prop. 5, 5, 39; cf.:

motus dare,

to impart motion, Lucr. 1, 819 al. (but motus dare, to make motion, to move, be moved, id. 2, 311):

stragem,

id. 1, 288:

equitum ruinas,

to overthrow, id. 5, 1329.—With part. fut. pass.:

pectora tristitiae dissolvenda dedit,

caused to be delivered from sadness, Tib. 1, 7, 40.—

Prov.: dant animos vina,

Ov. M. 12, 242. —

Aliquid alicui, to do any thing for the sake of another; to please or humor another; to give up, sacrifice any thing to another (for the more usual condonare): da hoc illi mortuae, da ceteris amicis ac familiaribus, da patriae, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5 fin.: aliquid auribus alicujus, Trebon. ib. 12, 16:

Caere hospitio Vestalium cultisque diis,

Liv. 7, 20:

plus stomacho quam consilio,

Quint. 10, 1, 117 et saep.:

ut concessisti illum senatui, sic da hunc populo,

i. e. forgive him, for the sake of the people, Cic. Lig. 12, 37:

dabat et famae, ut, etc.,

Tac. A. 1, 7.—Hence,

Se alicui, to give one's self up wholly, to devote, dedicate one's self to a person or thing, to serve:

dedit se etiam regibus,

Cic. Rab. Post. 2, 4; so Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 10; id. Heaut. 4, 3, 10; Poëta ap. Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2; Cic. Att. 7, 12, 3; Nep. Att. 9; Tac. A. 1, 31:

mihi si large volantis ungula se det equi,

Stat. Silv, 2, 2, 38; 1, 1, 42; 5, 3, 71 al.; Aus. Mosel. 5, 448; cf. Ov. H. 16, 161:

se et hominibus Pythagoreis et studiis illis,

Cic. Rep. 1, 111:

se sermonibus vulgi,

id. ib. 6, 23:

se jucunditati,

id. Off. 1, 34 al.:

se populo ac coronae,

to present one's self, appear, id. Verr. 2, 3, 19; cf.:

se convivio,

Suet. Caes. 31 et saep.:

si se dant (judices) et sua sponte quo impellimus inclinant,

Cic. de Or. 2, 44, 187.—

Of discourse, to announce, tell, relate, communicate (like accipere, for to learn, to hear, v. accipio, II.; mostly ante-class. and poet.):

erili filio hanc fabricam dabo,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 132:

quam ob rem has partes didicerim, paucis dabo,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 10; cf. Verg. E. 1, 19:

imo etiam dabo, quo magis credas,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 37:

da mihi nunc, satisne probas?

Cic. Ac. 1, 3, 10:

Thessalici da bella ducis,

Val. Fl. 5, 219:

is datus erat locus colloquio,

appointed, Liv. 33, 13:

fixa canens... Saepe dedit sedem notas mutantibus urbes,

i. e. foretold, promised, Luc. 5, 107.—In pass., poet. i. q.: narratur, dicitur, fertur, etc., is said:

seu pius Aeneas eripuisse datur,

Ov. F. 6, 434; Stat. Th. 7, 315; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 337.—

Fabulam, to exhibit, produce a play (said of the author; cf.:

docere fabulam, agere fabulam),

Cic. Brut. 18 fin.; id. Tusc. 1, 1 fin.; Ter. Eun. prol. 9; 23; id. Heaut. prol. 33; id. Hec. prol. 1 Don.;

and transf.,

Cic. Clu. 31, 84; cf.

also: dare foras librum = edere,

Cic. Att. 13, 22, 3.—

Verba (alicui), to give [p. 605] empty words, i. e. to deceive, cheat, Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 25; id. Ps. 4, 5, 7; id. Rud. 2, 2, 19; Ter. And. 1, 3, 6 Ruhnk.; Quadrig. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 24; Cic. Phil. 13, 16 fin.; id. Att. 15, 16 A.; Hor. S. 1, 3, 22; Pers. 4, 45; Mart. 2, 76 et saep.—

Alicui aliquid (laudi, crimini, vitio, etc.), to impute, assign, ascribe, attribute a thing to any one, as a merit, a crime, a fault, etc.:

nunc quam rem vitio dent, quaeso animum attendite,

Ter. And. prol. 8:

hoc vitio datur,

id. Ad. 3, 3, 64:

inopiā criminum summam laudem Sex. Roscio vitio et culpae dedisse,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 16, 48; id. Off. 1, 21, 71; 2, 17, 58; id. Div. in Caecil. 10; id. Brut. 80, 277 et saep.—

Alicui cenam, epulas, etc., to give one a dinner, entertain at table (freq.):

qui cenam parasitis dabit,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 4, 2; 3, 1, 35; id. Stich. 4, 1, 8; Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 45; Cic. Fam. 9, 20, 2; id. Mur. 36, 75:

prandium dare,

id. ib. 32, 67; cf. Sen. Ben. 1, 14, 1; Tac. A. 2, 57 al.—

To grant, allow, in gen. (rare, but freq. as impers.; v. B. 2. supra):

dari sibi diem postulabat,

a respite, Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 32.

- do, -dāre ( obsol., found only in the compounds, abdo, condo, abscondo, indo, etc.), 1, v. a. [Sanscr. root dhā-, da-dhāmi, set, put, place; Gr. the-, tithêmi; Ger. thun, thue, that; Eng. do, deed, etc.]. This root is distinct from 1. do, Sanscr. dā, in most of the Arian langg.; cf. Pott. Etym. Forsch. 2, 484; Corss. Ausspr. 2, 410;

but in Italy the two seem to have been confounded, at least in compounds,

Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 254 sq.; cf. Max Müller, Science of Lang. Ser. 2, p. 220, N. Y. ed.; Fick, Vergl. Wört. p. 100.

do, acc. of domus, v. domus init.

incĭpĭo, cēpi, ceptum, 3 (archaic incepsit inceperit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 107 Müll.), v. a. and n. [in-capio; lit., to seize upon, lay hold of; opp. to desinere; hence, with the accessory idea of action), to begin to do something, to take in hand (syn. incoho; in class. prose, viz. in Cic., only in the tempp. press., while coepi is used in the tempp. perff.); constr. usually with the inf., less freq. absol., with the acc., ab, or adv. of place or time.

With inf.:

ut homines mortem vel optare incipiant vel certe timere desistant,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 117:

huic incipio sententiae diffidere,

id. ib. 5, 1, 3:

prius quam incipit tinnire,

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 42:

bella gerere,

Cic. N. D. 2, 3, 9:

leges neglegere,

id. Rep. 1, 43 fin.:

queri cum multis incipiunt,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 23, § 56:

nimis cito diligere,

id. Lael. 21, 78:

amare aliquem,

id. ib. 16, 60:

fossas complere,

Caes. B. G. 5, 51, 4:

rem frumentariam expedire,

id. B. C. 1, 54, 4:

triplicem aciem ducere,

id. ib. 1, 64, 7;

2, 30, 1: cum maturescere frumenta inciperent,

id. ib. 6, 29, 4; cf. id. ib. 3, 49, 1:

cum primum pabuli copia esse inciperet,

id. B. G. 2, 2, 2; cf.:

ictus erat, qua crus esse incipit,

Ov. M. 6, 255; 8, 474; 15, 256:

opes pellere dominatione,

Sall. H. 3, 61, 3:

si res explicare incipiam,

Nep. Pelop. 1:

Bessus agere gratias incipit,

Curt. 5, 12, 1:

cenare,

Suet. Aug. 74:

promovere scalas,

Tac. A. 15, 4 fin.:

si dormire incipis ortu luciferi,

Juv. 8, 11:

male quod mulier facere incepit, nisi id efficere perpetrat, etc.... Si bene facere incepit, etc. (shortly afterward, occeperunt),

Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 12 and 14:

satis nequam sum, utpote qui hodie inceperim Amare,

id. Rud. 2, 5, 5.—

Absol.:

ut incipiendi ratio fuerit, ita sit desinendi modus,

Cic. Off. 1, 37, 135; cf. Plin. Ep. 9, 4, 1; Sen. Ep. 116:

dum incipimus,

Quint. 11, 3, 144:

dum deliberamus, quando incipiendum sit, incipere jam serum est,

id. 12, 6, 3:

in incipiendo, etc.,

id. 11, 1, 6: ac statim sic rex incipit, thus begins (to speak), Sall. J. 109 fin.; cf.:

nec sic incipies, ut scriptor cyclicus olim: Fortunam Priami, etc.,

Hor. A. P. 136:

sic incipit, with a foll. direct quotation,

id. S. 2, 6, 79; Ov. M. 9, 281;

and simply incipit,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 21:

sapere aude, Incipe,

make a beginning, begin, id. Ep. 1, 2, 41; Juv. 4, 34:

priusquam incipias, consulto opus est,

Sall. C. 1, 6:

turpe inceptu est,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 4, 16:

incipientes atque adhuc teneri (pueri),

who are beginning to learn, beginners, Quint. 1, 2, 26:

incipiens,

id. 2, 5, 18; 2, 6, 5; 8 prooem. § 1; 3;

10, 7, 18: quoties madidum ver incipit,

Juv. 9, 52 al. —

With acc. (once in Cic., once in Cæs., v. infra):

facinus audax incipit,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 4, 1:

facinus,

Sall. C. 20, 3:

pugilatum,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 13:

iter,

id. Cas. 4, 4, 2:

aliquid novi negotii,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 29:

bellum (opp. deponere),

Sall. J. 83, 1:

tam prava,

id. ib. 64, 2:

indigna nobis,

id. H. 2, 41, 8:

opus,

Liv. 7, 34, 13:

bellum,

id. 21, 21, 6; 26, 37, 9; 42, 43, 3:

sementem,

Verg. G. 1, 230:

Maenalios versus,

id. E. 8, 21:

si id facere non potueris, quod, ut opinio mea fert, ne incipies quidem,

Cic. Planc. 19, 48; Quint. 1, 12, 5:

iter mihi incepi,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 1, 16:

tantum incepi operis,

id. Men. 2, 3, 80:

mandata,

Tac. A. 12, 10; 4, 46:

auspicia a parricidio,

Just. 26, 2 init.: multa, Cat. ap. Gell. 16, 14, 2.— Pass.:

tanta incepta res est,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 31:

nuptiarum gratia haec sunt ficta atque incepta,

Ter. And. 5, 1, 17; 3, 3, 7:

si inceptam oppugnationem reliquissent,

Caes. B. G. 7, 17, 6:

quia dici extremum erat, proelium non inceptum,

Sall. J. 21, 2:

proelium incipitur,

id. ib. 57, 3;

74, 2: saxis proelium incipitur,

Tac. H. 5, 17:

satis cito incipi victoriam,

id. ib. 2, 25; id. A. 2, 5; 2, 76; 12, 67 fin.:

iter inceptum celerant,

Verg. A. 8, 90:

inceptumque decurre laborem,

id. G. 2, 39:

inceptum frustra summitte furorem,

id. A. 12, 832:

deus me vetat Inceptos iambos Ad umbilicum adducere,

Hor. Epod. 14, 7:

in re incipiunda ad defendendam noxiam,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 48:

in contentionibus aut incipiendis aut finiendis,

Quint. 11, 3, 128:

a tantis princeps incipiendus erat,

Ov. F. 5, 570.—

With ab or an adv. of place or time:

a Jove incipiendum putat,

Cic. Rep. 1, 36 (acc. to the Gr. of Aratus, ek Dios archômestha):

ab illis incipit uxor,

Juv. 6, 348; Quint. 10, 1, 46:

incipiamus ab iis,

id. 9, 2, 6:

semper ab excusatione aetatis incipientem,

id. 6, 3, 76:

potissimum incipiam ab ea parte,

id. 3, 7, 1:

optime manus a sinistra parte incipit, in dextra deponitur,

id. 11, 3, 106:

amicitia incepta a parvis cum aetate accrevit simul,

Ter. And. 3, 3, 7.— Pass. impers.:

optime incipitur a longis, recte aliquando a brevibus,

Quint. 9, 4, 92.

Neutr., to begin to be, to begin, commence (rare but class.); constr. with abl. instrum., or absol.

With abl.:

tertius sinus Acrocerauniis incipit montibus,

Plin. 4, 1, 1, § 1:

censere ut principium anni inciperet mense Decembri,

Tac. A. 13, 10:

verbum petere quo incipiant,

Quint. 10, 7, 21.—

Absol.:

cum ver esse coeperat... cum rosam viderat, tum incipere ver arbitrabatur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 27:

quoties incipit sensus aut desinit,

Quint. 9, 4, 67:

hic annus incipit vicesimus,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 3, 3:

narrationis incipit mihi initium,

Ter. And. 4, 2, 26:

jam tum inceperat turba inter eos,

id. Eun. 4, 4, 58:

tempus erat quo prima quies mortalibus aegris Incipit,

Verg. A. 2, 269:

mox Idumaea incipit et Palaestina,

Plin. 5, 13, 14, § 68:

epistula, quam incipiente febricula scripseras,

Cic. Att. 7, 8, 2:

incipientes curas principis onerari,

Tac. A. 1, 19:

incipiens adhuc et nondum adulta seditio,

id. H. 1, 31:

incipiens omnia sentit amor,

Ov. A. A. 2, 648:

Menander Syracusanus incipientis juventae,

Plin. 8, 5, 5, § 14:

incipiente aestate,

id. 27, 13, 109, § 133:

trixago incipientibus hydropicis efficax,

id. 24, 15, 80, § 131:

quem (honorem) et incipientes principes et desinentes adeo concupis cunt ut auferant,

Plin. Pan. 57.—Hence, in-ceptum, i, n., a beginning, attempt, undertaking (freq. in historians and poets, but not in Cæs.;

also rare in Cic.): cujus ego non modo factum, sed inceptum ullum conatumve contra patriam deprehendero,

Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:

servetur ad imum, Qualis ab incepto processerit (persona),

from the beginning onwards, Hor. A. P. 127: permanere in incepto, Luccei. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 14 fin.:

a quo incepto studioque me ambitio mala detinuerat,

Sall. C. 4, 2:

cujus neque consilium neque inceptum ullum frustra erat,

id. J. 7, 6; cf.:

ni ea res longius nos ab incepto traheret,

the subject, id. ib. 7 fin.:

absistere incepto,

Liv. 31, 26, 5:

desistere incepto,

Verg. A. 1, 37:

haerere in incepto,

id. ib. 2, 654:

peragere inceptum,

id. ib. 4, 452; cf.:

perficere inceptum,

Sall. J. 11 fin.:

piget incepti,

Verg. A. 5, 678:

nunc ad inceptum redeo,

Sall. J. 4, 9; 42, 5:

turpe inceptum est,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 4, 16.— In plur.:

cupidus incepta patrandi,

Sall. J. 70, 5:

juventus Catilinae inceptis favebat,

id. C. 17, 6:

incepta mea inpedivit,

id. H. 4, 61, 12; cf.:

inceptis annue, diva, meis,

Ov. Am. 3, 2, 56; and:

di nostra incepta secundent,

Verg. A. 7, 259:

gravia et magna professa,

Hor. A. P. 14.

in-nōtesco, tui, 3, v. inch. n.

To become known or noted.

With abl.:

fraude,

Phaedr. 1, 10, 1:

nostris innotuit illa libellis,

Ov. Am. 3, 12, 7:

petulanti pictura,

Plin. 35, 11, 40, § 140:

sceleribus,

Val. Max. 8, 14, 3 ext. —

Absol.:

quod ubi innotuit,

Liv. 22, 61, 4:

carmina quae vulgo innotuerunt,

Suet. Ner. 42; Tac. Or. 10. —

Transf., of daylight, to become clear:

innotescente jam luce,

Amm. 19, 18 init. —

(I. q. cognosco.) To come to know, to learn by experience, Dig. 26, 7, 5, § 10.

in-vĕnĭo, vēni, ventum, 4, v. a. ( fut. invenibit for inveniet, Pompon. ap. Non. p. 479, 28), lit., to come or light upon a thing; to find, meet with (cf.: reperio, offendo).

Lit.:

neque domi, neque in urbe invenio quemquam, qui illum viderit,

Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 2; id. Aul. 4, 2, 13; cf. id. Stich. 1, 2, 53:

in agro populabundum hostem,

Liv. 3, 4, 7:

Scipio mortuus in cubiculo inventus est,

id. Epit. 59 fin.:

naves reliquas paratas ad navigandum invenit,

Caes. B. G. 5, 5:

tolerabiles oratores,

Cic. de Or. 1, 2: scis, Pamphilam meam inventam civem? is found to be a citizen ' s daughter, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 6. — Sup.:

pleraque inventu rara ac difficilia,

Plin. 28, 1, 1, § 1; so Gell. 17, 12, 2. —

Trop.

To find out, to invent, effect:

quandam fallaciam,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 35:

perniciem aliis, ac postremo sibi,

Tac. A. 1, 74.—Of an orator's faculty of invention:

tanta in eo inveniendi copia et eloquendi facultas,

Quint. 10, 1, 69: multa divinitus a majoribus nostris inventa atque instituta sunt, Auct. Or. pro Dom. 1.—

To find out, discover, ascertain, learn:

inveniebat ex captivis, Sabim flumen ab suis castris non amplius milia passuum decem abesse,

Caes. B. G. 2, 16:

conjurationem,

Cic. Cat. 3, 7:

apud auctores invenio eodem anno descisse Antiates,

Liv. 3, 23; 9, 45—

To find out, invent, devise, contrive how to do a thing:

ille quomodo crimen commenticium confirmaret, non inveniebat,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 42:

Venus inveniet puero succumbere furtim,

i. e. will find out a way, Tib. 1 (8), 9, 35.—

To acquire, get, earn:

ut facillume Sine invidia laudem invenias,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 39:

qui primus hoc cognomen invenit,

Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 23:

ex quo illi gloria opesque inventae,

Sall. J. 70, 2:

laudem,

Just. 3, 7, 10; cf.:

gratiam apud aliquem,

Vulg. Luc. 1, 30.—

With se.

To show itself, appear:

postquam se dolor invenit,

Ov. H. 15, 113.—

To be at home in any thing:

minus se inveniunt,

i. e. are perplexed, Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 6:

nec medici se inveniunt,

Petr. 47.

lībo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [root lib-, leibô, loibê; cf. Līber, delibutus, etc.], to take a little from any thing.

Lit.

In gen.:

libare gramina dentibus,

to crop, Calp. Ecl. 5, 51.—

In partic.

To take a taste of a thing, to taste:

jecur,

Liv. 25, 16:

pocula Bacchi,

Verg. A. 3, 354:

flumina libant Summa leves,

to sip, id. G. 4, 54.—

Poet., to touch a thing:

cibos digitis,

Ov. A. A. 1, 577:

summam celeri pede libat harenam,

id. M. 10, 653:

cellulae limen,

Petr. 136:

oscula alicujus,

to kiss, Verg. A. 1, 256.—

To pour out in honor of a deity, to make a libation of any thing:

duo rite mero libans carchesia Baccho,

Verg. A. 5, 77:

carchesia patri,

Val. Fl. 5, 274:

Oceano libemus,

Verg. G. 4, 381:

in mensam laticum libavit honorem,

id. A. 1, 740:

pateris altaria libant,

sprinkle, id. ib. 12, 174:

sepulcrum mei Tlepolemi tuo luminum cruore libabo,

App. M. 8, p. 206 fin. —

To pour out or forth:

rorem in tempora nati,

Val. Fl. 4, 15.—

To pour out as an offering, to offer, dedicate, consecrate:

certasque fruges certasque bacas sacerdotes publice libanto,

Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19:

diis dapes,

Liv. 39, 43:

uvam,

Tib. 1, 11, 21:

frugem Cereri,

Ov. M. 8, 274:

noluit bibere, sed libavit eam (aquam) Domino,

Vulg. 2 Reg. 23, 16. — Absol., to offer libations:

libant diis alienis,

Vulg. Jer. 7, 18:

Domino,

id. 2 Reg. 23, 16:

cum solemni die Jovi libaretur,

Gell. 12, 8, 2.—So poet.:

carmen aris,

Prop. 4 (5), 6, 8:

Celso lacrimas libamus adempto,

Ov. P. 1, 9, 41.—

To lessen, diminish, impair by taking away:

ergo terra tibi libatur et aucta recrescit,

Lucr. 5, 260; id. 5, 568:

virginitatem,

Ov. H. 2, 115:

vires,

Liv. 21, 29.—

Trop., to take out, cull, extract from any thing (rare but class.):

ex variis ingeniis excellentissima quaeque libavimus,

Cic. Inv. 2, 2, 4; cf. id. Tusc. 5, 29, 82:

qui tuo nomini velis ex aliorum laboribus libare laudem,

Auct. Her. 4, 3, 5:

libandus est etiam ex omni genere urbanitatis facetiarum quidem lepos,

Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 159:

a qua (natura deorum) haustos animos et libatos habemus,

id. Div. 1, 49, 110:

unde (i. e. ex divinitate) omnes animos haustos, aut acceptos, aut libatos haberemus,

id. ib. 2, 11, 26: neque ea, ut sua, possedisse, sed ut aliena libāsse. id. de Or. 1, 50, 218.—

To learn something of, acquire superficially:

sed eum (informamus) qui quasdam artes haurire, omnes libare debet,

Tac. Dial. 31 fin.

Lĭbo, ōnis, m., a Roman surname in the gens Marcia and Scribonia, Cic. Att. 12, 5, 3; id. Brut. 23, 89; id. de Or. 2, 65, 263; id. Ac. 1, 1, 3; Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 8.

lībo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [root lib-, leibô, loibê; cf. Līber, delibutus, etc.], to take a little from any thing.

Lit.

In gen.:

libare gramina dentibus,

to crop, Calp. Ecl. 5, 51.—

In partic.

To take a taste of a thing, to taste:

jecur,

Liv. 25, 16:

pocula Bacchi,

Verg. A. 3, 354:

flumina libant Summa leves,

to sip, id. G. 4, 54.—

Poet., to touch a thing:

cibos digitis,

Ov. A. A. 1, 577:

summam celeri pede libat harenam,

id. M. 10, 653:

cellulae limen,

Petr. 136:

oscula alicujus,

to kiss, Verg. A. 1, 256.—

To pour out in honor of a deity, to make a libation of any thing:

duo rite mero libans carchesia Baccho,

Verg. A. 5, 77:

carchesia patri,

Val. Fl. 5, 274:

Oceano libemus,

Verg. G. 4, 381:

in mensam laticum libavit honorem,

id. A. 1, 740:

pateris altaria libant,

sprinkle, id. ib. 12, 174:

sepulcrum mei Tlepolemi tuo luminum cruore libabo,

App. M. 8, p. 206 fin. —

To pour out or forth:

rorem in tempora nati,

Val. Fl. 4, 15.—

To pour out as an offering, to offer, dedicate, consecrate:

certasque fruges certasque bacas sacerdotes publice libanto,

Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19:

diis dapes,

Liv. 39, 43:

uvam,

Tib. 1, 11, 21:

frugem Cereri,

Ov. M. 8, 274:

noluit bibere, sed libavit eam (aquam) Domino,

Vulg. 2 Reg. 23, 16. — Absol., to offer libations:

libant diis alienis,

Vulg. Jer. 7, 18:

Domino,

id. 2 Reg. 23, 16:

cum solemni die Jovi libaretur,

Gell. 12, 8, 2.—So poet.:

carmen aris,

Prop. 4 (5), 6, 8:

Celso lacrimas libamus adempto,

Ov. P. 1, 9, 41.—

To lessen, diminish, impair by taking away:

ergo terra tibi libatur et aucta recrescit,

Lucr. 5, 260; id. 5, 568:

virginitatem,

Ov. H. 2, 115:

vires,

Liv. 21, 29.—

Trop., to take out, cull, extract from any thing (rare but class.):

ex variis ingeniis excellentissima quaeque libavimus,

Cic. Inv. 2, 2, 4; cf. id. Tusc. 5, 29, 82:

qui tuo nomini velis ex aliorum laboribus libare laudem,

Auct. Her. 4, 3, 5:

libandus est etiam ex omni genere urbanitatis facetiarum quidem lepos,

Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 159:

a qua (natura deorum) haustos animos et libatos habemus,

id. Div. 1, 49, 110:

unde (i. e. ex divinitate) omnes animos haustos, aut acceptos, aut libatos haberemus,

id. ib. 2, 11, 26: neque ea, ut sua, possedisse, sed ut aliena libāsse. id. de Or. 1, 50, 218.—

To learn something of, acquire superficially:

sed eum (informamus) qui quasdam artes haurire, omnes libare debet,

Tac. Dial. 31 fin.

Lĭbo, ōnis, m., a Roman surname in the gens Marcia and Scribonia, Cic. Att. 12, 5, 3; id. Brut. 23, 89; id. de Or. 2, 65, 263; id. Ac. 1, 1, 3; Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 8.

narro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [for gnarigo (gnarigavit, Fest. p. 95) from gnarus; Sanscr. gnā, know; Gr. gignôskô; cf.: nosco (gnosco), ignoro], to tell, relate, narrate, report, recount, set forth (syn.: memoro, nuntio, trado).

Lit.:

quid mihi istaec narras?

Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 18:

ego tibi ea narro quae tu melius scis, quam ipse, qui narro,

Cic. Fam. 9, 6, 6:

garrula pericula,

Juv. 12, [p. 1187] 82.—With acc. and inf.:

mihi Philargyrus narravit, te interdum sollicitum esse vehementius,

Cic. Fam. 6, 1, 6:

Clitarchus tibi narravit Darium ab Alexandro esse superatum,

id. ib. 2, 10, 3:

ne narres te sudavisse ferendo Carmina,

Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 16:

narrare virtutem alicujus,

Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 20; Plin. 6, 22, 24, § 84:

cibos suos homini narrabimus,

set forth, explain, id. 20 praef.:

narrat, ut virgo ab se integra etiam tum siet,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 70.— Pass.:

ut ita narrentur ut gestae res erunt,

Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 29:

haec inter paucos palam secreto narrantur,

id. Fam. 8, 1, 4:

in comoediis res ipsa narratur,

id. ib. 9, 22, 1:

quae in provinciis facta narrabantur,

Liv. 39, 6, 6; Quint. 3, 8, 11; 4, 2, 76; Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 3; Suet. Calig. 22:

rationes... satis narratas,

Tac. A. 11, 11.—With de:

quā (epistulā) Crassi libertum ais tibi de meā sollicitudine macieque narrāsse,

Cic. Att. 3, 15, 1:

mores ejus, de quo narres,

id. de Or. 2, 59, 241:

de quibus nos narrabimus,

Auct. Her. 3, 14, 24; cf. in the foll.: male, bene narrare, to tell bad or good news:

male narras de Nepotis filio,

Cic. Att. 16, 14, 4:

Othonem quod speras posse vinci, sane bene narras,

id. ib. 13, 33, 2.—Of things:

quid istaec tabellae narrant?

Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 29:

si res publica tibi narrare posset, quomodo sese haberet,

Cic. Fam. 3, 1, 1:

cum ejus oratio de animo tuo, de sermonibus, quos de me haberes cotidie, mihi narraret,

id. ib. 3, 1, 1: narratur and narrant, it is said, they say:

Paridis propter narratur amorem Graecia Barbariae lento collisa duello,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 6; Ov. H. 6, 19:

versiculos in me narratur scribere Cinna,

Mart. 3, 9, 1; but narratur with acc. and inf. is rare:

nunc Chamavos et Angrivarios immigrāsse narratur,

Tac. G. 33 init.:

eoque terrore aves tunc siluisse narratur,

Plin. 35, 11, 28, § 121 (Jan. narrantque; cf.

Zumpt, Gram. § 607): narrant, et in Ponto Caecian in se trahere nubes,

Plin. 2, 47, 48, § 126; 2, 106, 110, § 236; 32, 7, 24, § 75 et saep.: narror, narraris = narratur de me, de te, to be the subject of talk, it is said of me, thee, etc.:

rideor ubique, narror, ostendor,

Quint. Decl. 14, 12 init.:

dulcis in Elysio narraris fabula campi,

Mart. 12, 52, 5: Sibi narrare, to inform one's self, learn: Cape has tabellas;

tute hinc narrato tibi, quae me miseria contabefecit,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 18.—

Transf., in gen., to say, speak, tell:

narra, quid est, quid ait?

Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 67:

ego quid narres nescio,

Ter. And. 3, 1, 19; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 54:

non possum satis narrare quos ludos praebueris intus,

id. Eun. 5, 7, 9:

quantum distet ab Inacho Codrus,

Hor. C. 3, 19, 3.— Hence, narro tibi, I tell you, I assure you, in fact, seriously, a form of asseveration:

narro tibi: plane relegatus mihi videor, postea quam in Formiano sum,

Cic. Att. 2, 11, 1:

narro tibi, haec loca venusta sunt, abdita certe,

id. ib. 15, 16, B;

15, 21, 1: navita de ventis, de tauris narrat arator,

talks, Prop. 2, 1, 43:

ne res per quemquam narraretur,

Just. 1, 9, 19.—

Esp., to dedicate: librum alicui, Plin. praef. § 1.—Hence, P. a. as subst.: narrātum, i, n., that which is told or narrated:

hoc quoque, Tiresia, praeter narrata petenti Responde,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 1.

per-cĭpĭo, cēpi, ceptum, 3 (old form of the pluperf. percepset for percepisset, Poët. ap. Cic. Off. 3, 26, 98; v. Trag. Rel. p. 207 Rib.), v. a. [capio], to take wholly, to seize entirely (cf. occupo).

Lit.

To take possession of, to seize, occupy:

mihi horror misero membra percipit dictis tuis,

Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 66:

priusquam percipit (eum) insania,

id. Men. 5, 5, 22; id. Stich. 2, 2, 17:

neque urbis odium me umquam percipit,

Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 2:

vitae percipit humanos odium,

Lucr. 3, 80; 5, 605.—

To take to one's self, to assume:

varii sensus animantibus insunt, quorum quisque suam proprie rem percipit in se,

Lucr. 6, 985:

rigorem,

Ov. M. 4, 745:

colorem,

Plin. 21, 5, 13, § 26:

sucum thymi,

Col. 11, 3, 40.—

To get, obtain, receive:

serere, percipere, condere fructus,

to gather, collect, Cic. Sen. 7, 24:

praemia,

Caes. B. C. 2, 32:

fructum ex oleā,

Plin. 15, 1, 1, § 3:

civitatem ab aliquo,

Just. 43, 5, 13:

hereditatem,

Suet. Tib. 15; Petr. 141.—

Trop. (so most freq. in class. lang.; syn.: sentio, intellego, comprehendo).

To perceive, observe:

ne, quod hic agimus, erus percipiat fieri,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 2:

quod neque oculis, neque auribus, neque ullo sensu percipi potest,

Cic. Or. 2, 8:

crebraeque nunc querelae, nunc minae percipiebantur,

were heard, Caes. B. C. 3, 84; Liv. 2, 3, 5:

quae dicam,

i. e. hear, Cic. Cat. 1, 11, 27:

et aures, cum sonum percipere debeant,

id. N. D. 2, 56, 141; so,

percipe auribus,

hear, give ear, Vulg. Psa. 16, 1 et saep.—

To feel:

neque majorem voluptatem ex infinito tempore aetatis percipi posse, quam ex hoc percipiatur,

Cic. Fin. 1, 19, 63:

voluptatem,

id. ib. 1, 11, 37:

luctus,

id. Fam. 14, 11:

dolores,

id. ib. 14, 11:

gaudia,

Ov. P. 2, 1, 60.—

To learn, [p. 1335] know, conceive, comprehend, understand, perceive, etc.:

res percepta et cognita,

Cic. Ac. 2, 14, 44:

percipere et comprehendere,

id. ib. 2, 8, 26:

cognosci et percipi posse,

id. Fin. 1, 19, 64:

aliquid animo,

id. de Or. 1, 28, 127:

artificium aliquod,

id. ib. 1, 28, 127:

virtutem et humanitatem,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 10:

philosophiam,

id. de Or. 1, 51, 219:

praecepta artis,

id. Off. 1, 18, 60:

omnium civium nomina perceperat,

knew, id. Sen. 7, 21:

nomen Graecum, sed perceptum usu a nostris,

known, id. N. D. 2, 36, 91.—Hence, perceptus, a, um, P. a., perceived, observed. —Hence, subst.: percep-ta, ōrum, n., doctrines, principles, rules of an art or science: percepta appello, quae dicuntur Graecis theôrêmata, Cic. Fat. 6, 11. — Sing.:

pro percepto liquere,

as proved, certain, Gell. 14, 1, 11.

per-nosco, ōvi, ōtum, 3, v. a.

To examine thoroughly:

pernoscite, Furtumne factum existimetis, an, etc.,

Ter. Ad. prol. 12.—Hence, in perf., to have examined or discerned, to know thoroughly, to become thoroughly acquainted with, to get a correct knowledge of:

ingenium avidi haud pernoram hospitis,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 42:

facta pernovit probe,

id. Aul. 3, 5, 29:

pernovi equidem ingenium tuum ingenuom admodum,

id. Trin. 3, 2, 39.—

To learn thor [p. 1350] oughly, become fully acquainted with:

hominum mores ex corpore, oculis, vultu, etc., pernoscere,

Cic. Fat. 5, 10:

motus animorum sunt penitus oratori pernoscendi,

id. de Or. 1, 5, 17.—Hence, pernōtus, a, um, P. a., thoroughly known, well known:

pugil ob eximiam virtutem virium regi pernotus et gratus,

Curt. 9, 7, 16; Mel. 2, 3; Min. Fel. Oct. 14, 4.

possum, pŏtŭi, posse, v. n. irreg. (old forms, potis sum, for possum, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 26; id. Curc. 5, 3, 23; so,

potis est,

id. Ps. 1, 1, 41:

potis sunt, for possunt,

id. Poen. 1, 2, 17: POTISIT, S. C. de Bacchan.: potisset, for posset, and potisse, for posse, Lucil. ap. Non. 484, 32, and 445, 29:

potesse, for posse, very freq.,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 30; id. Cist. 1, 1, 32; id. Truc. 1, 1, 73; id. Ep. 2, 2, 43; id. Bacch. 3, 6, 30 al.; Lucr. 1, 665; 2, 225; 1010:

possiem,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 5, 2; id. Stich. 3, 2, 25:

potis sis,

id. Poen. 4, 2, 53:

potis siem,

id. Merc. 2, 2, 59: possies, Enn. ap. Gell. 2, 29 fin., or Sat. v. 38 Vahl.; Plaut. As. 4, 2, 10; id. Aul. 4, 10, 17; id. Most. 2, 2, 34; 3, 2, 147; id. Men. 5, 9, 45:

possiet,

id. Cist. 1, 3, 37; id. Bacch. 3, 1, 3; id. Most. 1, 1, 13 al.; cf. Brix ad Plaut. Mil. 884; Fleck. Krit. Misc. p. 45 sq.—In pass.: potestur, Enn. ap. Diom. p. 380 P. (Ann. [p. 1404] v. 594 Vahl.): Pac. ap. Non. 508, 29; Quadrig. ap. id. 508, 30; Lucr. 3, 1010: poteratur, Cael. ap. Non. 508, 27: possitur, Lex. Servil. p. 59 Haubold; Scaurus ap. Diom. p. 381 P.: possetur, Quadrig. ap. Non. 508, 18) [potis-sum].

In gen., to be able, have power; I ( thou, he, etc.) can (syn. queo):

quantum valeam, quantumque possim,

Cic. Fam. 6, 5, 1:

consilio, quantum potero, labore plus paene quam potero exeubabo,

id. Phil. 6, 7, 18:

ut, quoad possem et liceret, a senis latere nunquam discederem,

id. Lael. 1, 1:

timor igitur ab iis aegritudinem potuit repellere, ratio non poterit?

id. Tuse. 3, 27, 66.—With sup.:

Caesari te commendavi et tradidi, ut gravissime diligentissimeque potui,

as earnestly and warmly as I possibly could, Cic. Fam. 7, 17, 2: potest fieri, it may be, is possible:

potest fieri, ut fallar,

id. ib. 13, 73, 2: non possum quin, I can not but: non possum quin exclamem, ut ait ille in Trinummo (Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 79; cf. id. Mil. 2, 2, 107); Cic. de Or. 2, 10, 39:

ut nihil ad te dem litterarum, facere non possum,

I cannot help writing to you, id. Att. 8, 14, 1:

facere non potui quin tibi sententiam declararem meam,

id. Fam. 6, 13, 1; cf.:

non possum non: aequitatem tuam non potui non probare,

id. ib. 1, 9, 26:

non possum te non accusare,

id. ib. 5, 14, 2:

is non potest eam (mortem) non timere,

id. Fin. 3, 8, 29.— Absol.: potest (sc. fieri), it may be, is possible:

potest, ut alii ita arbitrentur,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 38: non, non sic futurum est;

non potest,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 73; Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 100 Brix; cf. id. Trin. 3, 3, 3:

quae (mala) si potest singula consolando levare, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84:

nos dignitatem, ut potest, retinebimus,

id. Fam. 1, 2, 4.—Quantum or ut potest, as much or as far as possible:

ibo atque arcessam medicum, quantum potest,

Plaut. Men. 5, 2; id. Most. 3, 2, 71; Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 20:

nos in senatu dignitatem nostram, ut potest in tantā hominum perfidiā, retinebimus,

Cic. Fam. 1, 2, 4.—In urgent questions:

possum scire, quo profectus, cujus sis, aut quid veneris?

may I know? can I learn? pray, will you tell me? Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 190:

possumne ego hodie ex te exsculpere Verum?

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 44.—

In partic.

To be able, to have influence or efficacy, to avail.

With neutr. acc. used adverbially (class.; cf.

polleo): vocat me, quae in me plus potest,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 42:

plus potest qui plus valet,

id. ib. 4, 3, 38:

qui tum et poterant per vim et scelus plurimum, et quod poterant, id audebant,

Cic. Quint. 21, 69:

quid ergo? hoc pueri possunt, viri non poterunt?

id. Tusc. 2, 14, 34:

qui apud me et amicitiā, et beneficiis, et dignitate plurimum possunt,

id. Rosc. Am. 1, 4:

plus aliquanto apud te pecuniae cupiditas, quam judicii metus potuit,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 131; id. de Or. 2, 42, 180:

quid aristolochia ad morsus serpentum possit,

id. Div. 1, 10, 16:

quoniam multum potest provisio animi ad minuendum dolorem,

id. Tusc. 3, 14, 30:

ad beate vivendum satis posse virtutem,

id. ib. 5, 5, 12: multum posse ad salutem alterius... parum potuisse ad exitium, Cic. Opp. ap. Amm. 30, 8, 7.—

In gen., and without neutr. acc. (late Lat.):

posse litteras ejus ad perniciem, non posse ad salutem,

App. Mag. 79, p. 324.—

Posse aliquem, to be able to embrace one ( poet.), Mart. 3, 32.—

Posse as subst. ( poet.):

posse loqui,

the power of speech, Ov. M. 2, 483:

posse moveri = facultatem se movendi,

id. ib. 11, 177.—

Freq. in elliptical sentences:

quod vi non poterant, fraude assequi temptant,

Curt. 5, 10, 8:

Ismenias, etsi publicis non poterat, privatis tamen viribus adjuvabat,

Just. 5, 9, 8:

ut auxilium quod misericordiā non poterat, jure cognationis obtineret,

id. 28, 1, 9:

ut collegam vi, si aliter non possent, de foro abducerent,

Liv. 2, 56.—

In apodosis of conditional sentences, analogous to the auxiliaries of the Engl. potential mood (v. Roby, § 1520; Zumpt, § 519).

Indic.:

ille potuit exspectatior venire, qui te nuntiaret mortuom (= si quis nuntiaret, etc.),

Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 12:

nec vero ipsam amicitiam tueri possumus, nisi aeque amicos et nosmet ipsos diligamus,

Cic. Fin. 1, 20, 67:

Pompeius munitiones Caesaris prohibere non poterat, nisi praelio decertare vellet,

Caes. B. C. 3, 44: consul esse qui potui, nisi eum vitae cursum tenuissem, Cic. Rep. 1, 6, 10:

(res publica) poterat esse perpetua, si patriis viveretur institutis,

id. ib. 3, 29, 41:

deleri totus exercitus potuit, si fugientis persecuti victores essent,

Liv. 32, 12, 6:

nisi felicitas in socordiam vertisset exuere jugum potuerunt,

Tac. Agr. 31.—

Subj.:

qui denique ex bestiis fructus, nisi homines adjuvarent, percipi posset,

Cic. Off. 2, 4, 14; cf.:

ventum quidem erat eo, ut, si hostem similem antiquis Macedonum regibus habuisset consul, magna clades accipi potuerit,

Liv. 44, 4, 9.—So when the condition is implied, or is contained in an adverbial clause:

quae res egestati et aeri alieno tuo praeter mortem Caesaris subvenire potuisset?

Cic. Phil. 2, 14, 36:

quis opifex praeter naturam... tantam sollertiam persequi potuisset in sensibus?

id. N. D. 2, 57, 142; id. Tusc. 4, 19, 44:

plurima proferre possemus, sed modus adhibendus est,

Nep. Epam. 4, 6:

possem hic Ciceronis respondere verbis, sed, etc.,

Quint. 2, 21, 14.—Hence, pŏtens, entis ( gen. plur. potentum, Verg. A. 12, 519; Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 114), P. a.

In gen., able, mighty, powerful, potent (class.):

amplae atque potentes civitates,

Cic. Inv. 2, 56, 169:

familiae clarae ac potentes,

Liv. 23, 4:

amici magni et potentes,

Suet. Aug. 56:

ne quis ex plebe contra potentiorem auxilii egeret,

Caes. B. G. 6, 10:

duo potentissimi reges,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4:

potentissimus et clarissimus civis,

id. Planc. 21, 51.—

With gen.:

quanta sit humani ingenii vis, quam potens efficiendi quae velit,

Quint. 12, 11, 10.—

With abl.:

Roma potens opibus,

Ov. F. 4, 255:

pecuniā et orbitate,

Tac. H. 1, 73.—

With inf.:

compensare potens,

Dig. 16, 2, 10.—

In partic.

Having power over, ruling over, master of a thing; with gen.:

dum liber, dum mei potens sum,

as long as I am my own master, Liv. 26, 13, 14:

sanus mentisque potens,

in his right mind, Ov. Tr. 2, 139:

potens mei non eram,

Curt. 4, 13, 23:

potentes rerum suarum atque urbis,

having made themselves masters of, Liv. 23, 16, 6; so, facere aliquem potentem alicujus rei, to make one master of any thing, to give one the power over a thing:

consilii,

id. 8, 13, 14:

imperii,

id. 22, 42, 12: diva potens Cypri, that reigns over Cyprus, i.e. Venus, Hor. C. 1, 3, 1:

Naïadum potens (Bacchus),

id. ib. 3, 25, 14:

silvarum potens Diana,

id. C. S. 1:

diva potens uteri,

i.e. Lucina, Ov. M. 9, 315:

rerum omnium potens Juppiter,

Tac. H. 4, 84:

lyrae Musa potens,

that presides over lyric poetry, Hor. C. 1, 6, 10:

irae,

master of his anger, Curt. 4, 2, 5:

mariti,

ruling her husband, Tac. A. 14, 60:

animal potens leti,

that can kill, deadly, Luc. 6, 485; cf. id. 5, 199 Corte ad loc.—

Fit for, capable of any thing; with gen.:

potens regni,

Liv. 24, 2: hostes neque pugnae, neque fugae satis potentes caeduntur, unable either to fight or flee, id. 8, 39.—

Partaking of, having attained a thing; with gen. ( poet.):

pacis potentes,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 9:

voti,

Ov. M. 8, 80:

jussi,

having fulfilled the command, id. ib. 4, 509.—

Strong, mighty, powerful, efficacious, potent (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

fortuna in res bellicas potens,

Liv. 9, 17:

herba potens ad opem,

Ov. H. 5, 147:

verba,

id. Am. 3, 11, 31:

herba potens adversus ranas,

Plin. 25, 10, 81, § 130:

passum ex uvis contra haemorrhoida potens,

id. 23, 1, 12, § 15.— Comp.:

nihil esse potentius auro,

Ov. Am. 3, 8, 29:

quaedam ad efficiendum potentiora,

Quint. 6, 1, 26.— Sup.:

potentissimae cantharides,

Plin. 29, 4, 30, § 94:

argumenta,

Quint. 6, 4, 22.—Hence, adv.: pŏtenter, strongly, mightily, powerfully, effectually ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

se ipsam potenter atque efficaciter defendere,

Val. Max. 1, 1, 1:

dicere,

Quint. 12, 10, 72. — Comp.:

aurum... perrumpere amat saxa potentius Ictu fulmineo,

Hor. C. 3, 16, 9; Quint. 6, 4, 18.—

According to one's ability or powers ( poet.):

lecta potenter res,

Hor. A. P. 40.