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incertum

  • 1 incertum

        incertum ī, n    [incertus], an uncertainty: ne cuius incerti vanique auctor esset, L.: scribere legiones ad incerta belli, contingencies, L.: Haud incerta cano, V.: bona omnium in dubium incertumque revocabuntur: praefectus in incertum creatus, for an indefinite time, L.: postremo fugere an manere tutius foret, in incerto erat, S.: Auctor in incerto est, O.

    Latin-English dictionary > incertum

  • 2 incertum

        incertum adv.    [neut. of incertus], doubtfully: vigilans, half awake, O.

    Latin-English dictionary > incertum

  • 3 incertum

    incertum, i, n., v. incertus, II. 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > incertum

  • 4 incertus

    incertus, a, um (archaic gen. plur. incertūm, Pac. ap. Non. 495, 27), adj. [2. incertus; hence, acc. to certus].
    I.
    Object., of things whose (external or internal) qualities are not firmly established, uncertain, unsettled, doubtful, untrustworthy, not fast, not firm (class.): amicus certus in re incerta cernitur, Enn. ap. Cic. Lael. 17, 64 (Trag. v. 428 Vahl.); cf. id. ap. Non. 166, 22 (Trag. v. 12 Vahl.):

    incerti socii an hostes essent,

    Liv. 30, 35, 9:

    incertus (infans) masculus an femina esset,

    id. 31, 12, 6; cf. Sall. J. 49, 5:

    cum incerta bellum an pax cum Celtiberis essent,

    Liv. 34, 19, 8 Weissenb.: spe incerta certum mihi laborem sustuli, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 9; id. And. 2, 3, 16:

    nuptiae,

    id. ib. 5, 1, 11:

    aetas (puerilis) maxime lubrica atque incerta,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 52, § 137:

    itinera,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 37 fin.:

    dominatus,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 17:

    status,

    id. ib. 1, 26:

    sedes,

    Sall. C. 6, 1:

    ambiguae testis incertaeque rei,

    Juv. 8, 81:

    comarum Anulus incertā non bene fixus acu,

    not fast, Mart. 2, 66, 2:

    colligere incertos et in ordine ponere crines,

    dishevelled, Ov. Am. 1, 11, 1:

    per incertam lunam sub luce maligna,

    not clearly visible, dim, Verg. A. 6, 270:

    soles,

    id. ib. 3, 203:

    securis,

    that did not strike with a sure blow, id. ib. 2, 224:

    vultus,

    disturbed, uneasy, Sall. J. 106, 2:

    ille vitam suam ad incertissimam spem reservavit,

    Cic. Sest. 22, 50: arbori incertae nullam prudentia cani Rectoris cum ferret opem, the ship uncertain in her course, because no longer obeying the helm, Juv. 12, 32 Halm. — In neutr. ellipt.:

    clauserant portas incertum vi an voluntate,

    Liv. 31, 41, 2; 31, 43, 7 al. — Neutr. as adv. ( poet.):

    incertum vigilans,

    Ov. H. 10, 9; Stat. Th. 5, 212. —
    II.
    Subject., as respects one's perceptions or convictions, not firmly established, uncertain, undetermined, doubtful, dubious (so most freq. in prose and poetry):

    nihil est incertius vulgo,

    Cic. Mur. 17, 36:

    casus,

    id. Or. 28, 98:

    ut alia certa, alia incerta esse dicunt,

    id. Off. 2, 2, 7; cf.: est igitur ridiculum, quod est dubium, id relinquere incertum, id. Mur. 32, 68; and:

    incerta atque dubia,

    Plin. 17, 1, 1, § 9 fin.:

    ut incertis temporibus diversisque itineribus iretur,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 16 fin.; so,

    eventus reliqui temporis,

    Cic. Quint. 26, 83:

    exitus pugnarum,

    id. Mil. 21, 56:

    adulterium,

    Quint. 7, 2, 52:

    auctor,

    id. 5, 11, 41:

    cujus ora puellares faciunt incerta capilli,

    make the sex doubtful, Juv. 15, 137:

    incerta persona heres institui non potest,

    Ulp. Fragm. 22, 4; Gai. Inst. 2, 242; cf. 2, 238.—
    (β).
    With rel. or interrog.-clause:

    nunc mihi incertumst, abeam an maneam,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 9, 19:

    moriendum certe est, et id incertum, an hoc ipso die,

    Cic. Sen. 20, 74; cf. Quint. 1, 6, 27:

    (Gallus) avem, an gentem, an nomen, an fortunam corporis significet, incertum est,

    id. 7, 9, 2:

    confessus est quidem sed incertum, utrum quia verum erat, an quia, etc.,

    Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 5:

    neque plane occultati humilitate arborum et tamen incerti, quidnam esset,

    Sall. J. 49, 5 Kritz.— Abl. absol.:

    multi annantes navibus incerto prae tenebris, quid aut peterent aut vitarent, foede interierunt,

    Liv. 28, 36, 12.—
    2.
    Subst.: incer-tum, i, n., an uncertainty:

    quicquid incerti mihi in animo prius aut ambiguum fuit, Nunc liquet, nunc defaecatum est,

    Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 69:

    ne cujus incerti vanique auctor esset,

    Liv. 4, 13, 9:

    incerta maris et tempestatum,

    Tac. A. 3, 54:

    incerta fortunae experiri,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 19, 4:

    incerta belli,

    Liv. 30, 2:

    bona, fortunae possessionesque omnium in dubium incertumque revocabuntur,

    Cic. Caecin. 27, 76; cf. id. ib. 13, 38:

    Minucius praefectus annonae in incertum creatus,

    for an indefinite time, Liv. 4, 13, 7:

    postremo fugere an manere tutius foret, in incerto erat,

    Sall. J. 38, 5:

    Allobroges diu in incerto habuere, quidnam consilii caperent,

    id. C. 41, 1; cf. id. J. 46, 8:

    imperia ducum in incerto reliquerat,

    Tac. H. 2, 33 fin. —
    B.
    Transf., of a person who is in a state of uncertainty respecting any thing, uncertain, in uncertainty, hesitating, doubtful: quo ego ope mea Pro incertis certos compotesque consili Dimitto, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 1, 45, 199 (Trag. v. 188 Vahl.):

    nolo suspensam et incertam plebem Romanam obscura spe et caeca exspectatione pendere,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 25, 66; so,

    varius incertusque agitabat,

    Sall. J. 74, 1; Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 3:

    ego certe me incerto scio hoc daturum nemini homini,

    id. As. 2, 4, 60.—
    (β).
    With rel.-clause:

    quid dicam hisce, incertus sum,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 4, 36:

    cum incertus essem, ubi esses,

    Cic. Att. 1, 9, 1:

    incerti ignarique, quid potissimum facerent,

    Sall. J. 67, 1:

    incerti quidnam esset,

    id. ib. 49, 5:

    incertus, quonam modo aciem instrueret,

    id. ib. 101, 2:

    incerti, quo fata ferant, ubi sistere detur,

    Verg. A. 3, 7:

    incertus, Geniumne loci famulumne parentis Esse putet,

    id. ib. 5, 95:

    faber, incertus scamnum faceretne Priapum,

    Hor. S. 1, 8, 2.—
    (γ).
    With gen. (not in Cic.): summarum rerum incerti, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 1, 45, 199 (Trag. v. 187 Vahl.):

    incertusque meae paene salutis eram,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 4:

    sententiae,

    Liv. 4, 57, 3:

    veri,

    id. 4, 23, 3; 1, 27, 6:

    rerum,

    id. 24, 24, 9:

    ultionis,

    Tac. A. 2, 75:

    sui,

    Stat. Th. 5, 525:

    naves incertae locorum, Auct. B. Afr. 7: mox incertus animi, fesso corpore, etc.,

    Tac. A. 6, 46; id. H. 3, 55 fin.:

    futurorum,

    Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 11:

    consilii,

    Curt. 8, 10, 27.—
    (δ).
    With abl.:

    incerti metu,

    Val. Fl. 3, 602.—
    (ε).
    With de and abl.:

    incertus de salute alicujus,

    Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 10.—Hence, adv. in two forms: incertē and incerto (both ante-class.), uncertainly, not certainly, dubiously: incerte errat animus, Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 10, 12 (Trag. v. 259 Vahl.): vagat exsul, Pac. ap. Non. 467, 25 (Trag. Rel. p. 87 Rib.):

    ubi Habitet dum incerto scio,

    Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 69:

    incerto scio,

    id. Ps. 4, 2, 7:

    incerto autumo,

    id. Ep. 4, 1, 18.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > incertus

  • 5 in-certus

        in-certus adj.    with comp. and sup.—Of things, not fixed, unsettled, undetermined: consilia, T.: cum incerta bellum an pax essent, L.: securis, ill-aimed, V.— Abl absol.: incerto quid peterent, L.—Of persons, irresolute, hesitating, undecided, doubtful, at a loss: Incertior sum multo quam dudum, T.: plebes: varius incertusque agitabat, S.: quid dicam incertus sum, T.: animi incertus, anne, etc., T.: quid potissumum facerent, S.: summarum rerum: consili, T.—Unascertained, unproved, doubtful, uncertain: alia certa, alia incerta esse dicunt: eventus reliqui temporis: ambiguae testis Incertaeque rei, Iu.: incertus masculus an femina esset, L.: victoria, Cs.: moriendum certe est, et id incertum, an, etc.: Quis deus, incertum est, V.: cuius Ora puellares faciunt incerta capilli (i. e. make the sex doubtful), Iu.: incertum habeo, pudeat an pigeat magis, cannot decide, S.: clauserant portas, incertum vi an voluntate, L.—Of persons, uninformed, not assured, doubtful, uncertain: cum incertus sum, ubi esses: Incerti quo fata ferant, V.: sententiae, L.: rerum multitudo, L.—Vague, indefinite, unsettled, obscure, dim: spes, T.: ut incertis temporibus iretur, unexpected, Cs.: luna sub luce malignā, V.: voltus, disturbed, S.—Fig., untrustworthy, inconsistent, fickle: aetas (puerilis): nihil est incertius volgo: menses, V.: Filiam dare in incertas nuptias, hazardous, T.: arbor, the unsteady ship, Iu.

    Latin-English dictionary > in-certus

  • 6 an

    1.
    ăn, conj. [etym. very obscure; v. the various views adduced in Hand, I. p. 296, with which he seems dissatisfied; if it is connected with the Sanscr. anjas, = Germ. ander, = Engl. other, we may comp. the Engl. other and or with the Germ. oder, = or]. It introduces the second part of a disjunctive interrogation, or a phrase implying doubt, and thus unites in itself the signif. of aut and num or -ne, or, or whether (hence the clause with an is entirely parallel with that introduced by num, utrum, -ne, etc., while aut forms only a subdivision in the single disjunctive clause; utrum... aut—an... aut, whether... or, etc.; cf. Ochsn. Eclog. p. 150; v. also aut).
    I.
    In disjunctive interrogations.
    A.
    Direct.
    a.
    Introd. by utrum (in Engl. the introd. particle whether is now obsolete, and the interrogation is denoted simply by the order of the words):

    Utrum hac me feriam an ab laevā latus?

    Plaut. Cist. 3, 10:

    sed utrum tu amicis hodie an inimicis tuis Daturu's cenam?

    id. Ps. 3, 2, 88; id. Pers. 3, 1, 13; id. Trin. 1, 2, 138; id. Cas. 2, 4, 11:

    Utrum sit annon voltis?

    id. Am. prol. 56:

    quid facies? Utrum hoc tantum crimen praetermittes an obicies?

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 30 sq.:

    in plebem vero Romanam utrum superbiam prius commemorem an crudelitatem?

    id. Verr. 1, 122; id. Deiot. 23; id. Fam. 7, 13:

    Utrum enim defenditis an impugnatis plebem?

    Liv. 5, 3. —And with an twice:

    Utrum hoc signum cupiditatis tuae an tropaeum necessitudinis atque hospitii an amoris indicium esse voluisti?

    Cic. Verr. 2, 115; id. Imp. Pomp. 57 sq.; id. Rab. 21.—With an three times:

    Utrum res ab initio ita ducta est, an ad extremum ita perducta, an ita parva est pecunia, an is (homo) Verres, ut haec quae dixi, gratis facta esse videantur?

    Cic. Verr. 2, 61; 3, 83; id. Clu. 183; Liv. 21, 10; and seven times in Cic. Dom. 56-58.—With -ne pleon. (not to be confounded with cases where utrum precedes as pron.; as Cic. Tusc. 4, 4, 9):

    sed utrum tu masne an femina es, qui illum patrem voces?

    Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 16; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 42; id. Stich. 5, 4, 26:

    Utrum studione id sibi habet an laudi putat Fore, si etc.,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 28:

    Utrum igitur tandem perspicuisne dubia aperiuntur an dubiis perspicua tolluntur?

    Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67.—And affixed to utrum, but rarely:

    Utrumne jussi persequemur otium... an hunc laborem etc.,

    Hor. Epod. 1, 7; Plin. 17, 1, 1, § 4; Quint. 12, 1, 40.—
    b.
    Introduced by -ne:

    quid fit? seditio tabetne an numeros augificat suos?

    Enn. Trag. Rel. p. 23 Rib.:

    servos esne an liber?

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 186:

    idne agebas, ut tibi cum sceleratis an ut cum bonis civibus conveniret?

    Cic. Lig. 18; 23:

    custosne urbis an direptor et vexator esset Antonius?

    id. Phil. 3, 27; id. Mur. 88; id. Sull. 22.—

    So with an twice,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 28; id. Att. 16, 8;

    and five times,

    id. Balb. 9.—
    c.
    Introduced by nonne:

    Nonne ad servos videtis rem publicam venturam fuisse? An mihi ipsi fuit mors aequo animo oppetenda?

    Cic. Sest. 47; id. Sex. Rosc. 43 sq.; id. Dom. 26; 127.—So with an twice, Cic. Phil. 11, 36.—
    d.
    Introduced by num:

    si quis invidiae metus, num est vehementius severitatis invidia quam inertiae pertimescenda?

    Cic. Cat. 1, 29; id. Mur. 76; id. Sest. 80:

    Num quid duas habetis patrias an est illa patria communis?

    id. Leg. 2, 2.—
    e.
    Without introductory particle:

    quid igitur? haec vera an falsa sunt?

    Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 95:

    quid enim exspectas? bellum an tabulas novas?

    id. Cat. 2, 18:

    ipse percussit an aliis occidendum dedit?

    id. Sex. Rosc. 74; id. Verr. 2, 106; id. Imp. Pomp. 53; id. Phil. 2, 27:

    eloquar an sileam?

    Verg. A. 3, 37:

    auditis an me ludit amabilis Insania?

    Hor. C. 3, 4, 5.—So an twice, Cic. Mil. 54;

    three times,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 8;

    and six times,

    Cic. Rab. 14; id. Pis. 40.—
    B.
    Indirect.
    a.
    Introduced by utrum:

    quid tu, malum, curas, Utrum crudum an coctum edim?

    Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 16; id. Cist. 4, 2, 11; id. Bacch. 3, 4, 1; id. Mil. 2, 3, 74:

    quaero, si quis... utrum is clemens an inhumanissimus esse videatur,

    Cic. Cat. 4, 12:

    agitur, utrum M. Antonio facultas detur an horum ei facere nihil liceat,

    id. Phil. 5, 6; id. Sex. Rosc. 72; id. Imp. Pomp. 42; id. Verr. 1, 105.
    ► So once only in Vulg.
    aut for an: Loquimini de me utrum bovem cujusquam tulerim aut asinum, 1 Reg. 12, 3.—And with -ne pleon.:

    res in discrimine versatur, utrum possitne se contra luxuriem parsimonia defendere an deformata cupiditati addicatur,

    Cic. Quinct. 92:

    numquamne intelleges statuendum tibi esse, utrum illi, qui istam rem gesserunt, homicidaene sint an vindices libertatis?

    id. Phil. 2, 30.—
    b.
    Introduced by -ne:

    Fortunāne an forte repertus,

    Att. Trag. Rel. p. 159 Rib. agitur autem liberine vivamus an mortem obeamus, Cic. Phil. 11, 24; id. Verr. 4, 73; id. Mil. 16:

    nunc vero non id agitur, bonisne an malis moribus vivamus etc.,

    Sall. C. 52, 10.—So with an three times, Cic. Or. 61.—
    c.
    Introduced by an:

    haud scio an malim te videri... an amicos tuos plus habuisse,

    Cic. Pis. 39.—
    d.
    Without introd. particle:

    ... vivam an moriar, nulla in me est metus,

    Enn. Trag. Rel. p. 72 Rib.:

    vivat an mortuus sit, quis aut scit aut curat?

    Cic. Phil. 13, 33; 3, 18; id. Sex. Rosc. 88; id. Red. in Sen. 14.—
    C.
    Sometimes the opinion of the speaker or the probability inclines to the second interrogative clause (cf. infra, II. E.). and this is made emphatic, as a corrective of the former, or rather, or on the contrary:

    ea quae dixi ad corpusne refers? an est aliquid, quod te suā sponte delectet?

    Cic. Fin. 2, 33, 107:

    Cur sic agere voluistis? An ignoratis quod etc.,

    Vulg. Gen. 44, 15.—Hence, in the comic poets, an potius:

    cum animo depugnat suo, Utrum itane esse mavelit ut... An ita potius ut etc.,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 31: id. Stich. 1, 2, 18; id. Trin. 2, 2, 25:

    an id flagitium est, An potius hoc patri aequomst fieri, ut a me ludatur dolis?

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 94.—
    D.
    The first part of the interrogation is freq. not expressed, but is to be supplied from the context; in this case, an begins the interrog., or, or rather, or indeed, or perhaps (but it does not begin an absolute, i. e. not disjunctive, interrog.): De. Credam ego istuc, si esse te hilarem videro. Ar. An tu esse me tristem putas? (where nonne me hilarem esse vides? is implied), Plaut. As. 5, 1, 10: Ch. Sed Thaïs multon ante venit? Py. An abiit jam a milite? Ter. Eun. 4, 5, 7:

    An ego Ulixem obliscar umquam?

    Att. Trag. Rel. p. 199 Rib.:

    An parum vobis est quod peccatis?

    Vulg. Josh. 22, 17:

    est igitur aliquid, quod perturbata mens melius possit facere quam constans? an quisquam potest sine perturbatione mentis irasci?

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 24, 54; cf. id. Clu. 22; id. Off. 3, 29: Debes hoc etiam rescribere, sit tibi curae Quantae conveniat Munatius; an male sarta Gratia nequiquam coit...? or is perhaps, etc., Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 31 K. and H. —So esp. in Cic., in order to make the truth of an assertion more certain, by an argumentum a minore ad majus:

    cur (philosophus) pecuniam magno opere desideret vel potius curet omnino? an Scythes Anacharsis potuit pro nihilo pecuniam ducere, nostrates philosophi non potuerunt?

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 89 sq.:

    An vero P. Scipio T. Gracchum privatus interfecit, Catilinam vero nos consules perferemus?

    id. Cat. 1, 1; so id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 14, 5, 12 Muret.; id. Fin. 1, 2, 5, ubi v. Madv.—It sometimes introduces a question suggested by the words of another: He. Mane. Non dum audisti, Demea, Quod est gravissimum? De. An quid est etiam anplius? Is there then etc., Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 21:

    sed ad haec, nisi molestum est, habeo quae velim. An me, inquam, nisi te audire vellem censes haec dicturum fuisse?

    Cic. Fin. 1, 8, 28; 2, 22, 74; id. Tusc. 5, 26, 73; 5, 12, 35; id. Brut. 184; id. Fat. 2, 4; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 1, 8, 28.—It sometimes anticipates an answer to something going before: At vero si ad vitem sensus accesserit, ut appetitum quendam habeat et per se ipsa moveatur, quid facturam putas? An ea, quae per vinitorem antea consequebatur, per se ipsa curabit? shall we not say that, must we not think that etc., Cic. Fin. 5, 14, 38, ubi v. Madv.—
    E.
    An non. and in one word, annon (in direct questions more freq. than necne):

    isne est quem quaero an non?

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 12:

    Hocine agis an non?

    id. And. 1, 2, 15:

    Tibi ego dico an non?

    id. ib. 4, 4, 23:

    utrum sit an non voltis?

    Plaut. Am. prol. 56:

    utrum cetera nomina in codicem accepti et expensi digesta habes annon?

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 3 al. —Also in indirect questions = necne, q. v.:

    abi, vise redieritne jam an non dum domum,

    Ter. Phorm. 3, 4, 5:

    videbo utrum clamorem opere conpleverint, an non est ita,

    Vulg. Gen. 18, 21; 24, 21.—
    F.
    An ne, usually written anne, pleon. for an.
    a.
    In direct questions:

    anne tu dicis quā ex causā vindicaveris?

    Cic. Mur. 26. —
    b.
    In indirect questions:

    nec. aequom anne iniquom imperet, cogitabit,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 19; id. Ps. 1, 1, 122:

    percontarier, Utrum aurum reddat anne eat secum simul,

    id. Bacch. 4, 1, 4:

    Nam quid ego de consulato loquar, parto vis, anue gesto?

    Cic. Pis. 1, 3:

    cum interrogetur, tria pauca sint anne multa,

    id. Ac. 2, 29:

    Gabinio dicam anne Pompeio, an utrique,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 57; so id. Or. 61, 206:

    Quid enim interest, divitias, opes, valetudinem bona dicas anne praeposita, cum etc.,

    id. Fin. 4, 9, 23 Madv.; August. ap. Suet. Aug. 69 al. (for the omission of the second disjunctive clause or the particle necne representing it, v. utrum;

    instances of this usage in eccl. Lat. are,

    Vulg. Lev. 13, 36; 14, 36; ib. Num. 11, 23 al.).—
    II.
    In disjunctive clauses that express doubt, or.
    A.
    Utrum stultitiā facere ego hunc an malitiā Dicam, scientem an imprudentem, incertus sum. Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 54:

    ut nescias, utrum res oratione an verba sententiis illustrentur,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 56:

    honestumne factu sit an turpe, dubitant,

    id. Off. 1, 3, 9:

    nescio, gratulerne tibi an timeam,

    id. Fam. 2, 5; Caes. B. G. 7, 5:

    pecuniae an famae minus parceret, haud facile discerneres,

    Sall. C. 25, 3; so id. ib. 52, 10; Suet. Aug. 19; id. Tib. 10; id. Claud. 15:

    cognoscet de doctrinā, utrum ex Deo sit an ego a me ipso loquar,

    Vulg. Joan. 7, 17; ib. Eccl. 2, 19 al.—
    B.
    An sometimes denotes uncertainty by itself, without a verb of doubting (dubito, dubium or incertum est, etc., vet in such cases the editors are divided between an and aut; cf. Mos. and Orell. ad Cic. Rep. 1, 12): verene hoc memoriae proditum est [p. 115] regem istum Numam Pythagorae ipsius discipulum, an certe Pythagoreum fuisse? Cic. Rep. 2, 15, where B. and K. read aut certe: Cn. Octavius est an Cn. Cornelius quidam tuus familiaris, summo genere natus, terrae filius;

    is etc.,

    id. Fam. 7, 9 B. and K.:

    Themistocles quidem, cum ei Simonides an quis alius artem memoriae polliceretur, Oblivionis, inquit, mallem,

    Simonides or some other person, id. Fin. 2, 32, 104; id. Fam. 7, 9, 3; id. Att. 1, 3, 2; 2, 7, 3; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 2, 32, 104.—
    C.
    It often stands for sive (so esp. in and after the Aug. per.):

    quod sit an non, nihil commovet analogiam,

    whether this be so or not, Varr. L. L. 9, § 105 Müll.; Att. ap. Prisc. p. 677 P.; Ov. R. Am. 797:

    saucius an sanus, numquid tua signa reliqui,

    id. F. 4, 7:

    Illa mihi referet, si nostri mutua curast, An minor, an toto pectore deciderim,

    Tib. 3, 1, 20; Tac. A. 11, 26:

    sive nullam opem praevidebat inermis atque exul, seu taedio ambiguae spei an amore conjugis et liberorum,

    id. ib. 14, 59.—
    D.
    The first disjunctive clause is freq. to be supplied from the gen. idea or an may stand for utrum—necne (cf. supra, I. D.):

    qui scis, an, quae jubeam, sine vi faciat? (vine coactus is to be supplied),

    how knowest thou whether or not he will do it without compulsion? Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 20:

    An dolo malo factum sit, ambigitur,

    Cic. Tull. 23:

    quaesivi an misisset (periplasmata),

    id. Verr. 4, 27:

    Vide an facile fieri tu potueris, cum etc.,

    id. Fragm. B. 13, 2, 1:

    praebete aurem et videte an mentiar,

    Vulg. Job, 6, 28: de L. Bruto fortasse dubitaverim an propter infinitum odium tyranni effrenatius in Aruntem invaserit, I might doubt whether or not, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 22, 50; id. Verr. 3, 76:

    Quis scit an adiciant hodiernae crastina summae Tempora di superi?

    Hor. C. 4, 7, 17; Plin. Ep. 6, 21, 3; Quint. 2, 17, 38:

    Sine videamus an veniat Elias,

    Vulg. Matt. 27, 49:

    tria sine dubio rursus spectanda sunt, an sit, quid sit, quale sit,

    Quint. 5, 10, 53:

    dubium an quaesitā morte,

    Tac. A. 1, 5; 6, 50; 4, 74:

    Multitudo an vindicatura Bessum fuerit, incertum est,

    Curt. 7, 5:

    diu Lacedaemonii, an eum summae rei praeponerent, deliberaverunt,

    Just. 6, 2, 4 et saep.—
    E.
    Since in such distrib. sentences expressive of doubt, the opinion of the speaker or the probability usually inclines to the second, i. e. to the clause beginning with an, the expressions haud scio an, nescio an, dubito an (the latter through all pers. and tenses), incline to an affirmative signification, I almost know, I am inclined to think, I almost think, I might say, I might assert that, etc., for perhaps, probably (hence the opinion is incorrect that an, in this situation, stands for an non; for by an non a negation of the objective clause is expressed, e. g. nescio an non beatus sit, I am almost of the opinion that he is not happy, v. infra, and cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 1, Exc. XI. p. 335 sq.; Cic. uses haud scio an eleven times in his Orations;

    nescio an, four times): atque haud scio an, quae dixit sint vera omnia,

    Ter. And. 3, 2, 45:

    crudele gladiatorum spectaculum et inhumanum non nullis videri solet: et haud scio an ita sit, ut nunc fit,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 41; id. Fl. 26:

    testem non mediocrem, sed haud scio an gravissimum,

    perhaps, id. Off. 3, 29:

    constantiam dico? nescio an melius patientiam possim dicere,

    id. Lig. 9; id. Fam. 9, 19:

    ingens eo die res, ac nescio an maxima illo bello gesta sit,

    Liv. 23, 16; Quint. 12, 11, 7 al.:

    si per se virtus sine fortunā ponderanda sit, dubito an Thrasybulum primum omuium ponam,

    I am not certain whether I should not prefer Thrasybulus to all others, Nep. Thras. 1 Dähne:

    dicitur acinace stricto Darius dubitāsse an fugae dedecus honestā morte vitaret,

    i. e. was almost resolved upon, Curt. 4, 5, 30:

    ego dubito an id improprium potius appellem,

    Quint. 1, 5, 46; Gell. 1, 3 al.—Hence, a neg. objective clause must contain in this connection the words non, nemo, nullus, nihil, numquam, nusquam, etc.:

    dubitet an turpe non sit,

    he is inclined to believe that it is not bad, Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:

    haud scio an ne opus quidem sit, nihil umquam deesse amicis,

    id. Am. 14, 51:

    eloquentiā quidem nescio an habuisset parem neminem,

    id. Brut. 33: quod cum omnibus est faciendum tum haud scio an nemini potius quam tibi, to no one perhaps more, id. Off. 3, 2, 6:

    meā sententiā haud scio an nulla beatior esse possit,

    id. Sen. 16; id. Leg. 1, 21:

    non saepe atque haud scio an numquam,

    id. Or. 2, 7 al. —
    F.
    Sometimes the distributive clause beginning with an designates directly the opposite, the more improbable, the negative; in which case nescio an, haud scio an, etc., like the Engl. I know not whether, signify I think that not, I believe that not, etc.; hence, in the object. clause, aliquis, quisquam, ullus, etc., must stand instead of nemo, nullus, etc. (so for the most part only after Cic.): an profecturus sim, nescio, I know not (i. e. I doubt, I am not confident) whether I shall effect any thing, Sen. Ep. 25:

    opus nescio an superabile, magnum certe tractemus,

    id. Q. N. 3, praef. 4; Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 6: haud scio an vivere nobis liceret, I know not whether we, etc., Cic. Har. Resp. 11, 22: doleo enim maximam feminam eripi oculis civitatis, nescio an aliquid simile visuris, for I know not whether they will ever see any thing of this kind, Plin. Ep. 7, 19; Val. Max. 5, 2, 9:

    nescio an ullum tempus jucundius exegerim,

    I do not know whether I have ever passed time more pleasantly, id. 3, 1:

    namque huic uni contigit, quod nescio an ulli,

    Nep. Timol. 1, 1; Sen. Contr. 3 praef.; Quint. 9, 4, 1:

    nostri quoque soloecum, soloecismum nescio an umquam dixerint,

    Gell. 5, 20 al. Cf. upon this word Hand, Turs. I. pp. 296-361, and Beier, Exc. ad Cic. Am. pp. 202-238.
    2.
    an-, v. ambi.
    3.
    - ăn. This word appears in forsan, forsitan, and fortasse an (Att. Trag. Rel. p. 151 Rib.) or fortassan, seeming to enhance the idea of uncertainty and doubt belonging to fors, etc., and is regarded by some as the Greek conditional particle an, and indeed one of these compounds, forsitan, sometimes in the Vulgate, translates an; as, Joan. 4, 10; 5, 46; 8, 19; and in 3, Joan. 9, it still represents the various reading, an.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > an

  • 7 impendō (in-p-)

        impendō (in-p-) pendī, pēnsus, ere,    to weigh out, lay out, expend: operam in eas res: certus sumptus impenditur: de vestro, L.: aegram gallinam amico, lay out the value of, Iu.—To expend, devote, employ, apply, use: ad incertum casum labor impenditur: nil sanguinis in socios, O.: vitam vero, stake upon, Iu.: alqd operis, ne, etc.: omnīs Impendunt curas distendere, etc., V.

    Latin-English dictionary > impendō (in-p-)

  • 8 in

       in    [old indu], prep. with acc. or abl.    I. With acc., in space, with verbs implying entrance, into, to: in Epirum venire: in flumen deicere: in Ubios legatos mittere, Cs.: Thalam pervenit, in oppidum magnum, S.—Fig.: in memoriam reducere: in animum inducere, L.: dicam quod mi in mentemst, T.—With verbs of motion, up to, to, into, down to: in caelum ascendere: in aram confugitis ad deum, up to the altar: vas in manūs sumere, into his hands: se in manūs Romanis tradidisse, L.—With verbs of rest or placing, in: adesse in senatum iussit: Minucius in custodiam habitus, thrown into prison and kept there, L.: propinquas suas nuptum in alias civitates conlocasse, Cs.—Of direction or local relation, towards, in front of, over against: in orientem Germaniae obtenditur, Ta.: coram in os te laudare, T.: castra movet in Arvernos versus, towards, Cs.: in Galliam versus movere, S.—In time, into, till, for: dormiet in lucem, till broad day, H.: in multum diei, L.: e somno, quem in diem extrahunt, Ta.: indutias in triginta annos impetraverunt, for thirty years, L.: in omne tempus, forever: hominem invitavit in posterum diem, for the following day.— In adverbial expressions with words of time: sancit in posterum, ne quis, etc., hereafter: res dilata est in posterum, to a later day: et in praesentia hi et in futurum metum ceperunt, L.: in perpetuum fore: non in tempus aliquod, sed in aeternum, L.: ex raptis in diem commeatibus, for immediate use, L.: fundum emere in diem, i. e. a fixed day of payment, N.: in dies singulos, each succeeding day: in dies, day by day, L.: nos in diem vivimus, for the moment: in diem et horam, every day, H.: in horas, hourly, H.—Of reference, in relation to, about, respecting, towards, against: id, quod est in philosophos dictum, concerning: carmen, quod in eum scripsisset: in liberos nostros indulgentia: impietates in deos, against: in dominum quaeri, as a witness against: invehi in Thebanos, N.: hominis definitio una in omnīs valet, applies to: in obsequium pronus, H.: in utrumque paratus, V.: in incertum, ne, etc., in view of the uncertainty, whether, L.—Of purpose, for, with a view to: haec civitas mulieri in redimiculum praebeat: Regium in praesidium missa legio, as a garrison, L.: in gratiam sociorum, to gratify, L.: Quos audere in proelia vidi, V.: praemia, in quorum spem pugnarent, L.: in spem pacis solutis animis, L.: Ingrata misero vita ducenda est in hoc, ut, etc., H.: satis in usum, for immediate wants, L. —Of result, to, unto, so as to produce: in familiae luctum nupsit: Excisum Euboicae latus ingens rupis in antrum, V.: commutari ex veris in falsa. —In the phrases, in tantum, so far, so greatly: nec In tantum spe tollet avos, V.: in tantum suam felicitatem enituisse, L.—In rem esse, to be useful, avail: si in rem est Bacchidis, T.: imperat, quae in rem sunt, L.: in rem fore credens universos adpellare, S.—Of manner, according to, after: ille in eam sententiam versus, to this effect: in utramque partem disputat, on both sides: cives servilem in modum cruciati, like slaves: vaticinantis in modum canere, L.: virtutem in maius celebrare, S.: in hanc formulam iudicia: sc. in haec verba factum, L.: in universum, in general, L.: in universum aestimanti, upon a general view, Ta.—Of distribution, into, for, according to: Gallia divisa est in partīs trīs, Cs.: describebat censores binos in singulas civitates, i. e. for each state: sextantibus conlatis in capita, a head, L.—Praegn.: in eorum potestatem portum futurum intellegebant. would fall: in potestatem Locrensium esse, L.    II. With abl., of space, in, within: in cerebro animi esse sedem: quae res in nostris castris gererentur, Cs.: in foro palam Syracusis: (caedes) in viā facta: nupta in domo, L.: copias in castris continent, Cs.: in tuā sedeculā sedere: Heri coīmus in Piraeo, T.: navis et in Caietā parata.—Of position, on, upon, over, among, before, in, under: in equo sedens, on horseback: in eo flumine pons erat, over, Cs.: multā te in rosā urget, H.: Caesaris in barbaris erat nomen obscurius, among, Cs.: in Brutiis praeesse, L.: in manu poculum tenens: est in manibus oratio: gloria in oculis sita, S.: populari in oculis eius agros, under, L.—In, with, wearing, under, clad, covered: in veste candidā, L.: in lugubri veste, Cu.: homines in catenis Romam mittere, L.: in violā aut in rosā, garlanded: legiones in armis, Cs.—Of a multitude or number, in, among, of: In his poëta hic nomen profitetur suom, T.: sapientissimus in septem: eum in tuis habere: iustissimus unus in Teucris, V.—Of writings, in: in populorum institutis aut legibus: in Timaeo dicit: perscribit in litteris, hostīs ab se discessisse, Cs.: in Thucydide orbem modo orationis desidero, in the style of.—Fig., of mind or character, in: in animo habere: quanta auctoritas fuit in Metello!: in omni animante est summum aliquid.—In phrases, with manibus or manu, at hand, under control, within reach: quamcunque rem habent in manibus: neque mihi in manu fuit Iugurtha qualis foret, in my power, S.: cum tantum belli in manibus esset, on their hands, L.: quorum epistulas in manu teneo.—With loco: in eo loco, in that state, in such a condition: in eo enim loco res sunt nostrae, ut, etc., L.: quo in loco res esset, cognoscere, Cs.: quod ipse, si in eodem loco esset, facturus fuerit, L.—In eo esse ut, etc., to be in such a condition, etc.: cum in eo esset, ut, etc., the situation was such, L.—Of time, in, during, in the course of, within: in tempore hoc, T.: in tali tempore, L.: in diebus paucis, T.: Tam in brevi spatio, T.: in omni aetate: in totā vitā inconstans.—In, while, during: fit, ut distrahatur in deliberando animus: in dividendo partem in genere numerare: in agris vastandis, in laying waste, Cs.: cum in immolandā Iphigeniā tristis Calchas esset.—In phrases, in tempore, in time, at the right time, seasonably: ipsum video in tempore huc se recipere, T.: spreta in tempore gloria interdum cumulatior redit, L.—In praesentiā, at present, now, for the moment, under existing circumstances: sic enim mihi in praesentiā occurrit: id quod unum maxime in praesentiā desiderabatur, L.—In praesenti, for the present: haec ad te in praesenti scripsi, ut, etc.: talenta centum in praesenti, down, L.—Of condition or occupation, in, subject to, affected by, experiencing, engaged in, involved in: magno in aere alieno: torpescentne dextrae in amentiā illā? L.: diem in laetitiā degere, T.: civitas, quae tibi in amore fuit, beloved: in invidiā esse, L.: quod in summis tuis occupationibus voluisti, etc., when engrossed by: in eo magistratu pari diligentiā se praebuit, N.: esse in vitio, in the wrong: hoc est in vitio, perhorrescere, etc., is wrong.—In the case of, in relation to: numcubi meam Benignitatem sensisti in te claudier? in your case (i. e. towards you), T.: facere in eo, cuius, etc., in the case of the man, Cs.: in furibus aerari, S.: Achilles talis in hoste fuit, V.: in hoc homine saepe a me quaeris, etc., in the case of.— In phrases, with summā, in all, in a word, in fine: in omni summā me ad pacem converto.—With neut. sing. of an adj. (expressing more abstractly the quality): cum exitūs haud in facili essent (i. e. haud faciles), L.: in obscuro vitam habere, S.: in dubio esse, L.: in integro esse: in tuto esse, L.: in aequo esse, L.: in aperto esse, S.: in promisco esse, L.: in incerto haberi, S.    III. In composition, in retains its n before vowels, and before h, c, d, f, g, consonant i, n, q, s, t, v, usually also before l and r, and very frequently before m, b, p. But the n is usually assimilated before m, b, p, and often before l, r.
    * * *
    I
    in, on, at (space); in accordance with/regard to/the case of; within (time)
    II
    into; about, in the mist of; according to, after (manner); for; to, among

    Latin-English dictionary > in

  • 9 labor

        labor (old labōs, T., S., Ct.), ōris, m    [3 LAB-], labor, toil, exertion: ingenium ab labore proclive ad lubidinem, T.: quanto labore partum: non intermissus remigandi, Cs.: res est magni laboris: ad incertum casum labor impenditur: multum operae laborisque consumere: laborem exanclare: se in magnis laboribus exercere: patiens laborum, S.: summi laboris esse, capable of great exertion, Cs.: magni formica laboris, H.: victus suppeditabatur sine labore: quantum meruit labor, Iu.: numerentur labores, be valued, Iu.: quae (loca) capere labor erat, a hard task, L.— Drudgery, hardship, fatigue, distress, trouble, pain, suffering: ex eo quem capit Laborem! T.: Mox et frumentis labor additus, V.: secundis laboribus pubes crevit, successful battles, H.: castrorum labores, Iu.: Lucinae labores, V.: iucundi acti labores: labores solis, eclipses of the sun, V.: lunae labores, V.—Of plants: hunc perferre laborem, the work of growth, V.— A work, product of labor: ita multorum mensium labor interiit, Cs.: Hic labor ille domūs, V.: Polycliti Multus, Iu.—Person.: Labōs, Toil, the genius of toil, V.
    * * *
    I
    labi, lapsus sum V DEP
    slip, slip and fall; slide, glide, drop; perish, go wrong
    II
    effort, labor, toil, exertion, work; suffering, distress, hardship

    Latin-English dictionary > labor

  • 10 nec-ne

        nec-ne adv.,    or not, in the second part of an indirect alternative question: quaero, potueritne Roscius suam partem petere necne: quaeram, utrum emeris necne: utrum proelium committi ex usu esset necne, Cs.: nunc habeam necne, incertum est, T.: quid interest proferantur necne?: fiat necne fiat, id quaeritur.—Rarely in a direct question: sunt haec tua verba necne?

    Latin-English dictionary > nec-ne

  • 11 qua-si

        qua-si adv.    I. In hypothetical comparison, as if, just as if, as though: modo introivi. Si. quasi ego quam dudum rogem, as if I asked, T.: adsimulabo, quasi nunc exeam, will make as if, T.: cur nomen petis quasi incertum sit?: loquor, quasi ego illud fecerim: quasi tute noris, ita salutas?: haec perinde loquor, quasi debueris: quasi non omnes eius sceleris testes essent futuri, sic metuit, etc.: quasi vero paulum inter siet, just as if, T.: quasi vero consili sit res, Cs.: quasi vero ignotus nobis fuerit splendidus eques: quas (litteras) sic avide adripui, quasi sitim explere cupiens: sic est hic ordo, quasi editus in altum: potasti, Quasi re bene gestā, T.: quasi signo dato tota Italia convenit: quasi debellato, eum triumphare, L.—    II. In real comparison, just as, as: quasi poma ex arboribus, cruda si sunt, vix evelluntur, sic, etc.: istaec commemoratio Quasi exprobatiost benefici, is like, T.: dissensio civilis quasi permixtio terrae oriri coepit, S.: populus deligit magistratūs quasi rei p. vilicos: coniectura et quasi divinatio, a sort of: quasi murus quidam nomen imperatoris opponitur: finem (potestatis) accepit, quasi nescius exercendi, i. e. because incompetent, Ta.—    III. In approximation, somewhat like, about, nearly, almost, not far from: quasi talenta ad quindecim Coëgi, T.: praesidium quasi duum milium (militum), S.: quasi quiddam incredibile dicere: quasi in extrema paginā.

    Latin-English dictionary > qua-si

  • 12 sī-ve or seu

        sī-ve or seu     conj, or if (cf. vel si): postulo, sive aequomst, te oro, ut, etc., T.: ut mihi Platonis illud, seu quis dixit alius (i. e. vel si quis), or whoever else said it: Bis denas Italo texamus robore navīs, Seu plurīs complere valent, etc., V.: turdus, Sive aliud privum dabitur tibi, devolet illuc, H.— When, of two or more suppositions, it is indifferent which is true or accepted; in the formula, si... sive, or si... seu, if... or if: Si ista uxor sive amica est, T.: si nocte sive luce, si servus sive liber faxit, L.: si arborum trunci, sive naves essent a barbaris missae, Cs.—In the formula, sive... sive, or seu... seu (poet. also sive... seu, or seu... sive), be it that... or that, if... or if, whether... or: sive retractabis; sive properabis: sive regi sive optimatibus serviant: seu periculi magnitudine seu animi mobilitate inpulsi, S.: Sive deae seu sint dirae volucres, V.—Often more than twice: sive Sulla sive Marius sive uterque sive Octavius sive qui alius... eum detestabilem iudico.—With ellips. of sive in the first clause (poet.): Quo non arbiter Hadriae Maior, tollere seu ponere volt freta, H.—The suppositions are sometimes followed, each by its own conclusion: nam sive timuit, quid ignavius? sive meliorem suam causam fore putavit, quid iniustius?: eos seu dedi placeat, dedere se paratos esse, seu supplicio adfici, daturos poenas, L.—When the second supposition is presented as contrary to the first, it may be introduced, after sive, by sin or si vero: sive sensus exstinguitur... quis me beatior? sin vera sunt, etc.: sive enim abscedant, cui dubium esse quin... sin autem manendum ibi nihilo minus sit, L.: sive enim Zenonem sequare, magnum est efficere... si vero Academiam veterem persequamur, etc.—Correl. with aut or ne (poet.): (saxum) seu turbidus imber Proluit, aut annis solvit sublapsa vetustas, whether... or, V.: Substitit, erravitne viā, seu lassa resedit, Incertum, whether... or, V.—As a simple disjunctive, or: quid perturbatius hoc ab urbe discessu, sive potius turpissimā fugā?: remotis sive omnino missis lictoribus: te rogo... resistas sive etiam occurras negotiis.— Introducing an alternative which is preferred, or rather, or more accurately, or as I should say: eiecto sive emisso iam ex urbe Catilinā, ille arma misit: urbem matri seu novercae relinquit, L.: quam (sagittam) Parthus sive Cydon torsit, V.

    Latin-English dictionary > sī-ve or seu

  • 13 timeō

        timeō uī, —, ēre    [2 TEM-], to fear, be afraid, be fearful, be apprehensive, be afraid of, dread, apprehend: timentibus ceteris propter ignorationem locorum: timentes confirmat, Cs.: cottidie aliquid fit lenius quam timebamus: de re p. valde: a quo quidem genere ego numquam timui: pro eo, Cu.: timuere dei pro vindice terrae, O.: tibi timui, for you, T.: sibi, Cs.: nihil magis quam perfidiam timemus: quos aliquamdiu inermes timuissent, Cs.: nomen absentis, Cs.: numinis iram, O.: Peius leto flagitium, H.: furem Caulibus, a thief for his cabbages, Iu.: de suo ac legionis periculo nihil, Cs.: quod pro quoque timendum, aut a quoque petendum sit: timeo quidnam eloqui possim: misera timeo, ‘incertum’ hoc quorsum accidat, T.: haec quo sint eruptura: tantae magnitudinis flumini exercitum obicere, etc., Cs.: inventis uti, H.: latebras intrare, O.: ni cedenti instaturum alterum timuissent, L.: neque timerent, ne circumvenirentur, Cs.: timuit, ne non succederet, H.: timeo, ut sustineas, I am afraid you cannot stand it: ut satis commode supportari posset (res frumentaria), timere dicebant, Cs.— To show fear, express terror (poet.): timuit exterrita pennis Ales, expressed its fear, i. e. fluttered, V.
    * * *
    timere, timui, - V
    fear, dread, be afraid (ne + SUB = lest; ut or ne non + SUB = that... not)

    Latin-English dictionary > timeō

  • 14 uter

        uter utra, utrum, gen. utrīus (rarely utrius, H.), dat. utrī, pron.    [for * quoter or * cuter; CA-].    I. Interrogative, which of two, which, whether: uter nostrum popularis est? tune an ego?: uter est insanior horum, H.: utra igitur causa popularis debet videri?: ab utro (insidiae) factae sint, incertum est: quod utri nostrum sanctius sit, iam pridem sentis, L.: utrius horum Verba probes et facta, doce, H.: Elige, utrum facias, O.: ita ut oculis, in utram partem fluat (flumen), iudicari non possit, Cs.—Plur., of two collections or sets: sed utros eius habueris libros—duo enim sunt corpora—an utrosque, nescio: utrum de his potius, dubitasset aliquis, quin alterum, nemo.—Repeated, which of two... the other: ut nihil iam aliud quaerere debeatis, nisi uter utri insidias fecerit: scire de filiis tuis, uter ab utro petitus fraude et insidiis esset, L.: Ambigitur uter utro sit prior, H.—Strengthened by ne: uterne Ad casūs dubios fidet sibi certius, hic qui... An qui, etc., H.—    II. Indefinite, whichsoever of the two, whichever one, the one which: herum utro uti nolumus, altero est utendum, i. e. if either of these does not suit us, we must appeal to the other: utrum enim horum dixeris, in eo culpa et crimen haerebit: utri eorum dedicatio iussu populi data esset, eum praeesse annonae, L.: uter aedilis fueritve Vestrum praetor, is sacer esto, H.— Either of the two, one or the other, one: omnium controversiarum, quae essent inter aratorem et decumanum, si uter velit, edicit se recuperatores daturum.
    * * *
    I
    utra, utrum ADJ
    (w/que) each/either (of two); both (separately); each side (pl.), each set
    II
    utra, utrum ADJ
    which (of two), whichever, no matter which; one, either, one or other
    III

    Latin-English dictionary > uter

  • 15 vesper

        vesper erī or eris, acc. vesperum, abl. vesperō or vespere (adverb. also vesperī), m    [2 VAS-], the evening-star: rubens, V.: vespero Surgente, H.— The evening, even, eve, even-tide: diei vesper erat, S.: serus, V.: cum, quid yesper ferat, incertum sit, L.: ad vesperum: sub vesperum, towards evening, Cs.: primo vespere, Cs.: litteras reddidit a<*> d. VIII Idūs Mart. vespere, in the evening: vesperi venire: neque tam vesperi revortor, so late, T.— The evening sky, West, Occident: vespere ab atro, V., O.
    * * *
    I
    evening; evening star; west
    II
    evening; evening star; west

    Latin-English dictionary > vesper

  • 16 volgus or vulgus

        volgus or vulgus ī, n (acc. also volgum, m, Cs., S., L., V.)    [VERG-], the mass, multitude, people, public, crowd: non est consilium in volgo: incertum, V.: quod in volgus gratum esse sentimus, with the public: (dies) in volgus ignotus, i. e. generally unobserved: milite in volgus laeto, i. e. the rank and file, L.: militare, the common soldiers, Cu.—Masc.: spargere voces In volgum, V.: in volgum disciplinam efferri, Cs.: huic apud volgum fides fuit, L.—A mass, crowd, throng, multitude: patronorum: Densum (umbrarum), H.: incautum (ovium), V.—The crowd, vulgar, mob, rabble, populace: sapientis iudicium a iudicio volgi discrepat: volgus fuimus sine gratiā, sine auctoritate, S.: gratiam ad volgum quaesierat, L.: Vulgus proceresque gemunt, O.

    Latin-English dictionary > volgus or vulgus

  • 17 incertus

    incerta, incertum ADJ
    uncertain; unsure, inconstant, variable; doubtful

    Latin-English dictionary > incertus

  • 18 accido

    1.
    ac-cīdo, cīdi, cīsum, 3, v. a. [caedo], to begin to cut or to cut into [cf.: adamo, addubito, etc.); hence, so to cut a thing that it falls, to fell, to cut (as verb. finit. very rare).
    I.
    Lit.:

    accidunt arbores, tantum ut summa species earum stantium relinquatur,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 27, 4:

    accisa ornus ferro,

    Verg. A. 2, 626; cf.:

    velut accisis recrescenti stirpibus,

    Liv. 26, 41, 22:

    accisis crinibus,

    cut close, Tac. G. 19: ab locustis genus omne acciditur frugum, eaten up, Arnob. 1, 3.— Poet., to use up:

    fames accisis coget dapibus consumere mensas,

    Verg. A. 7, 125.—
    II.
    Fig., to impair, weaken:

    ita proelio uno accidit Vestinorum res, ut, etc.,

    Liv. 8, 29, 12; so,

    post accisas a Camillo Volscorum res,

    id. 6, 5, 2; cf. 6, 12, 6.—Hence, accīsus, a, um, P. a., cut off or down; impaired, ruined: accisae res (opp. integrae), troubled, disordered, or unfortunate state of things:

    res,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 14, 34; Liv. 3, 10, 8; 8, 11, 12 al.:

    copiae,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 31; Liv. 8, 11, 8:

    robur juventutis,

    id. 7, 29 fin.:

    opes,

    Hor. S. 2, 2, 114:

    accisae desolataeque gentes,

    Sil. 8, 590:

    reliquiae (hostium),

    Tac. A. 1, 61.
    2.
    ac-cĭdo, cīdi, no sup., 3, v. n. [cado], to fall upon or down upon a thing, to reach it by falling.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen. constr. with ad, in, local adverbs, with dat. or absol.: utinam ne accidisset abiegna ad terram trabes, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 22 (Trag. p. 281 ed. Vahl., where it is: accĕdisset, acc. to the MSS., v. Vahl. N. v.):

    signa de caelo ad terram,

    Plaut. Rud. prol. 8; so,

    tam crebri ad terram accidebant quam pira,

    id. Poen. 2, 38: trabs in humum accidens, Varr. ap. Non. 494 fin.; so,

    imago aetheris ex oris in terrarum accidat oras,

    Lucr. 4, 215:

    rosa in mensas,

    Ov. F. 5, 360: quo Castalia per struices saxeas lapsu accidit, Liv. Andr. ap. Fest. p. 310 Müll. (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 5):

    ut missa tela gravius acciderent,

    fall upon, hit, Caes. B. G. 3, 14; so Liv. 2, 50, 7.—
    B.
    Esp.: a. ad genua or genibus, of a suppliant, to fall at one's knees: me orat mulier lacrimansque ad genua accidit, Enn. ap. Non. 517, 15 (Com. v. 9 ed. Vahl.); so Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 18; Suet. Caes. 20; id. Claud. 10;

    for which: genibus praetoris,

    Liv. 44, 31;

    also: ad pedes,

    Cic. Att. 1, 14, 5, and absol.: quo accĭdam? quo applicem? Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 114 ed. Vahl., where it is accĕdam).—
    C.
    Transf., to strike the senses, to reach a thing by means of the senses; constr. with ad, the dat. or acc.: vox, sermo accidit ad aurīs (or auribus; also, aurīs alicujus), the voice, the speech falls upon or reaches the ear: nota vox ad aurīs accidit, Att. ap. Non. 39, 5:

    nova res molitur ad aurīs accidere,

    Lucr. 2, 1024; and:

    nihil tam populare ad populi Romani aurīs accidisse,

    Cic. Sest. 50, 107:

    auribus,

    Liv. 24, 46, 5; Quint. 12, 10, 75:

    aurīs,

    Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 31; absol., Liv. 10, 5, 2; 27, 15, 16 sq.; Curt. 4, 4, 5 al.; cf.

    also: clamor accidit ad aurīs,

    Liv. 26, 40, 10; and absol.:

    clamor accidit,

    id. 4, 33, 9; 40, 32, 2;

    likewise: nomen famaque alicujus accidit ad aliquem,

    id. 21, 10, 12; v. Fabri ad h. l.—Hence sometimes in Livy: vox or fama accidit (ad aurīs or ad aliquem), with an acc. c. inf.:

    ut vox etiam ad hostes accideret captum Cominium esse,

    Liv. 10, 41, 7:

    quia repente fama accidit classem Punicam adventare,

    the report came, id. 27, 29, 7; v. Weissenb. a. h. l.
    II.
    Fig.
    A.
    In gen., to fall out, come to pass, happen, occur; and with dat. pers., to happen to, to befall one. (The distinction between the syn. evenio, accido, and contingo is this: evenio, i. e. ex-venio, is used of either fortunate or unfortunate events: accido, of occurrences which take us by surprise; hence it is used either of an indifferent, or, which is its general use, of an unfortunate occurrence: contingo, i. e. contango, indicates that an event accords with [p. 17] one's wishes; and hence is generally used of fortunate events. As Isid. says, Differ. 1: Contingunt bona: accidunt mala: eveniunt utraque):

    res accidit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 14;

    Id acciderat, ut Galli consilium caperent,

    ib. 3, 2:

    si quid adversi acciderit,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 38, 121; cf. ib. 1, 26, 57:

    nollem accidisset tempus, in quo, etc.,

    id. Fam. 3, 10:

    si qua calamitas accidisset,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 55: id. Rosc. Am. 34:

    contra opinionem accidit,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 9:

    pejus Sequanis accidit,

    ib. 1, 31:

    periculum accidit,

    ib. 3, 3:

    detrimentum accidit,

    ib. 7, 52. Also of fortunate occurrences:

    omnia tibi accidisse gratissima,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 1; 11, 15:

    accidit satis opportune,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 22; cf. Brem. Nep. Milt. 1, 1; Herz. Caes. B. G. 7, 3.—Constr. with ut (Zumpt, § 621), sometimes with quod:

    accidit perincommode, quod eum nusquam vidisti,

    Cic. Att. 1, 17; or with inf.:

    nec enim acciderat mihi opus esse,

    id. Fam. 6, 11. Pleonast. in narrations: accidit ut, it happened, or came to pass, that: accidit ut una nocte omnes Hermae dejicerentur, it happened that, etc., Nep. Alc. 3, 2; so Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 8; id. Att. 1, 5, 4 al.—
    B.
    In part.
    1.
    Si quid cui accidat, or si quid humanitus accidat, euphemist. for to die; if any thing should happen to one (for which Ennius says:

    si quid me fuerit humanitus, Ann. v. 128 ed. Vahl.): si quid pupillo accidisset,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 21; Caes. B. G. 1, 18;

    si quid mihi humanitus accidisset,

    Cic. Phil. 1, 4; Dig. 34, 4, 30 § 2 al. (cf. the Greek ei ti pathoi); so, per aposiopesin, sive—quod heu timeo, sive superstes eris, Ov. Her. 13, 164. (But Cic. Mil. 22, 58; Caes. B. G. 2, 35, and similar passages, are to be taken in the usual signif.)—
    2.
    To turn out (this very rare):

    timeo “incertum” hoc quorsum accidat,

    Ter. And. 1, 5, 29:

    si secus acciderit,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 21, 2. —
    3.
    In gram., to belong to:

    plurima huic (verbo) accidunt (i. e. genus, tempora),

    Quint. 1, 5, 41 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > accido

  • 19 ambiguum

    ambĭgŭus, a, um, adj. [ambigo], going about, hither and thither.
    I.
    Lit.:

    per ambiguum favorem gratiam victoris spectare,

    i. e. in that they show equal friendliness to both sides, Liv. 21, 52:

    ambiguus Proteus,

    who sometimes takes one form, sometimes another, changeable, Ov. M. 2, 9:

    ambiguus fuerit, modo vir, modo femina, Scython,

    id. ib. 4, 280:

    Inque virum soliti vultus mutare ferinos Ambigui prosecta lupi,

    they sometimes assume the form of a wolf and sometimes that of a man, id. ib. 7, 271:

    promisit Ambiguam Salamina, h. l. = alteram,

    a second Salamis, Hor. C. 1, 7, 29. —
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Uncertain, doubtful (syn.: dubius, incertus): ambiguum est quod in ambas agi partes animo potest. Hujusmodi apud Graecos amphibola dicuntur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 17 Müll.:

    quidquid incerti mihi in animo prius aut ambiguom fuit, Nunc liquet, nunc defaecatum est,

    Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 69: etiam si dudum fuerat ambiguom hoc mihi, * Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 26:

    difficile et ambiguum,

    Vulg. Deut. 17, 8:

    haud ambiguus rex, i. e. sine dubio rex futurus,

    Liv. 40, 8.— Subst.: ambĭgŭum, i, n., doubt, uncertainty:

    in ambiguo est,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 193:

    in ambiguo relinquere,

    Lucr. 4, 1133: non habui ambiguum, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 11:

    servet in ambiguo Juppiter,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 28:

    non sane alias magis in ambiguo Britannia fuit,

    Tac. Agr. 5.—Also in acc. absol. in the Gr. manner: Ambiguum Clymene precibus Phaëthontis an irā Mota magis, it being uncertain whether, etc., Ov. M. 1, 765 (so, incertum, Tac. Agr. 7:

    dubium,

    id. A. 1, 5).—
    B.
    Of discourse, obscure, dark, ambiguous:

    scriptum,

    Cic. Top. 25:

    verba ambigua distinximus,

    id. Or. 29, 102:

    oracula,

    id. Div. 2, 56:

    responsa,

    Suet. Tib. 24:

    divinatio,

    Vulg. Ezech. 12, 24.— Subst.: ambĭgŭum, i, n., an obscure, dark saying:

    ambiguorum complura sunt genera,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 26, 111; 2, 61, 250; Auct. ad Her. 1, 6; 1, 12 al.:

    voces,

    Verg. A. 2, 98.—
    C.
    Trop., uncertain, wavering; not to be relied on, untrustworthy. —So of moral conduct:

    esse ambiguā fide,

    Liv. 6, 2:

    puer acris ingenii sed ambigui,

    Plin. Ep. 4, 2:

    femina bonis atque honestis moribus, non ambiguā pudicitiā,

    Gell. 3, 16:

    per ambiguas vias,

    Ov. H. 10, 62:

    domum timet ambiguam Tyriosque bilinguis,

    Verg. A 1, 661.—Of fortune, changing, fluctuating: ambiguarum rerum sciens, Tac. A. 1, 64.
    ► In Tac.
    with gen.:

    ambiguus imperandi,

    irresolute, Tac. A. 1, 7:

    pudoris ac metus,

    wavering between shame and fear, id. ib. 2, 40:

    futuri,

    id. H. 3, 43.— Adv.: ambĭguē, doubtfully, ambiguously, Cic. de Or. 2, 26; id. N. D. 1, 31; Aur. Vict. 35:

    pugnare,

    with doubtful success, Tac. A. 2, 21 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ambiguum

  • 20 ambiguus

    ambĭgŭus, a, um, adj. [ambigo], going about, hither and thither.
    I.
    Lit.:

    per ambiguum favorem gratiam victoris spectare,

    i. e. in that they show equal friendliness to both sides, Liv. 21, 52:

    ambiguus Proteus,

    who sometimes takes one form, sometimes another, changeable, Ov. M. 2, 9:

    ambiguus fuerit, modo vir, modo femina, Scython,

    id. ib. 4, 280:

    Inque virum soliti vultus mutare ferinos Ambigui prosecta lupi,

    they sometimes assume the form of a wolf and sometimes that of a man, id. ib. 7, 271:

    promisit Ambiguam Salamina, h. l. = alteram,

    a second Salamis, Hor. C. 1, 7, 29. —
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Uncertain, doubtful (syn.: dubius, incertus): ambiguum est quod in ambas agi partes animo potest. Hujusmodi apud Graecos amphibola dicuntur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 17 Müll.:

    quidquid incerti mihi in animo prius aut ambiguom fuit, Nunc liquet, nunc defaecatum est,

    Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 69: etiam si dudum fuerat ambiguom hoc mihi, * Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 26:

    difficile et ambiguum,

    Vulg. Deut. 17, 8:

    haud ambiguus rex, i. e. sine dubio rex futurus,

    Liv. 40, 8.— Subst.: ambĭgŭum, i, n., doubt, uncertainty:

    in ambiguo est,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 193:

    in ambiguo relinquere,

    Lucr. 4, 1133: non habui ambiguum, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 11:

    servet in ambiguo Juppiter,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 28:

    non sane alias magis in ambiguo Britannia fuit,

    Tac. Agr. 5.—Also in acc. absol. in the Gr. manner: Ambiguum Clymene precibus Phaëthontis an irā Mota magis, it being uncertain whether, etc., Ov. M. 1, 765 (so, incertum, Tac. Agr. 7:

    dubium,

    id. A. 1, 5).—
    B.
    Of discourse, obscure, dark, ambiguous:

    scriptum,

    Cic. Top. 25:

    verba ambigua distinximus,

    id. Or. 29, 102:

    oracula,

    id. Div. 2, 56:

    responsa,

    Suet. Tib. 24:

    divinatio,

    Vulg. Ezech. 12, 24.— Subst.: ambĭgŭum, i, n., an obscure, dark saying:

    ambiguorum complura sunt genera,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 26, 111; 2, 61, 250; Auct. ad Her. 1, 6; 1, 12 al.:

    voces,

    Verg. A. 2, 98.—
    C.
    Trop., uncertain, wavering; not to be relied on, untrustworthy. —So of moral conduct:

    esse ambiguā fide,

    Liv. 6, 2:

    puer acris ingenii sed ambigui,

    Plin. Ep. 4, 2:

    femina bonis atque honestis moribus, non ambiguā pudicitiā,

    Gell. 3, 16:

    per ambiguas vias,

    Ov. H. 10, 62:

    domum timet ambiguam Tyriosque bilinguis,

    Verg. A 1, 661.—Of fortune, changing, fluctuating: ambiguarum rerum sciens, Tac. A. 1, 64.
    ► In Tac.
    with gen.:

    ambiguus imperandi,

    irresolute, Tac. A. 1, 7:

    pudoris ac metus,

    wavering between shame and fear, id. ib. 2, 40:

    futuri,

    id. H. 3, 43.— Adv.: ambĭguē, doubtfully, ambiguously, Cic. de Or. 2, 26; id. N. D. 1, 31; Aur. Vict. 35:

    pugnare,

    with doubtful success, Tac. A. 2, 21 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ambiguus

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