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1 πλατύς 1
πλατύς 1.Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `wide, broad, flat, level' (Il.).Compounds: Often as 1. member, e.g. πλατύ-φυλλος `broad-leaved' (Arist., Thphr.).Derivatives: πλατύτης f. `width, breadth' (Hp., X.); πλατύνω, also w. δια-, ἐν- a.o., `to widen, to make broad' (X., Arist.) with πλάτ-υσμα (- υμμα) n. `dish, brick etc.' (Herod., Hero, pap.), - υσμός m. `broadening' (Arist., LXX). Also πλατεῖον n. `board, table' (Plb.), after the instrument names in - εῖον; from πλατεῖα ( χείρ, φωνή e. o.) πλατειάζω `to blow with the flat of the hand' (Pherecr.), `pronounce broadly' (Theoc.). -- Besides several formations: πλάτος n. `width, breadth, size' (Simon., Emp., Hdt., Ar.) with ἀ-πλατής `without breadth' (Arist.); πλατ-ικός (v.l. - υκός) `concerning the width, breadth, exhaustive, extensive' (Vett. Val., Arist.-comm.); cf. γεν-ικός to γένος. -- πλαταμών, - ῶνος m. `flat stone, ledge of rock, flat beach etc.' (h. Merc. 128, hell.) with - αμώδης `flat' (Arist.). -- πλάτη f. `blade of an oar, oar', meton. `ship', also `shoulder blade' (usu. ὠμο-πλάτη Hp.) (trag., Arist.); πλάτης, Dor. -ᾱς m. `pedestal of a gravestone' (inscr. Asia Minor, cf. γύης, πόρκης); πλάτιγξ τῆς κώπης τὸ ἄκρον H. -- PN Πλάταια (Β 504 a.o.), usu. pl. - αί f. (IA.) town in Boeotia with - αιίς, - αιεῖς etc.; accent-change as in ἄγυια: - αί (s. v.).Etymology: With πλατύς are deiretcly dientical Skt. pr̥thú-, Av. pǝrǝʮu- `wide, broad' (on the dental bel.). To this πλάτος like e.g. βάρος to βαρύς (s. v.) with zero grade instead of the older full grade in Skt. práthas- = Av. fraʮah- n. `breadth', Celt., e.g. Welsh. lled `id.' Also πλαταμών has -- the secondary zero grade excepted -- an exact Skt. agreement, i.e. prathi-mán- m. `extension, breadth'; cf. bel. With the reserve necessary with PN Πλάταια can be identified with Skt. pr̥thivī́ f. `earth', prop. "the broad (stretches of earth); here also a Celtic agreement e.g. in Welsh.-Lat. Letavia, Welsh Llydau `Brittany'. The identification, which is in itself possible, of πλάτανος with Celt., e.g. OIr. lethan, Welsh llydan `broad' is however rather improbable; cf. s. v. The same suffix also in Hitt. paltana-'arm, shoulder', which resembles semantically πλάτη (Laroche Rev. de phil. 75, 38, Benveniste BSL 50, 42). On πλάτη beside πλάτος cf. βλάβη: βλάβος, πάθη: πάθος a.o.; after κώπη? -- A corresponding primary verb is only in Skt. práthati, -te `extend' retained, to which as verbal noun prathi-mán-: πλατα-μών prop. "which extends" (cf. τελα-μών prop. "who bears"). The from this and from pr̥thi-vī : Πλάτα-ια resulting disyll. root * pleth₂-: *pl̥th₂ gave the Skt. aspirate (in prevocalic position): pr̥thú- from *pl̥th₂-ú-, práthas- from *pléth₂os-. -- Far remains Arm. layn `broad' (to Lat. lātus `broad'), s. W.-Hofmann s. v. w. lit. Further details with rich lit. in Mayrhofer s. pr̥thúḥ, pr̥thvī́, práthati, práthaḫ, prathimā́, W.-Hofmann s. 1. planta, Fraenkel s. platùs; older lit. in WP. 2, 99f. (Pok. 833f.).Page in Frisk: 2,553-554Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πλατύς 1
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2 ξέω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `shave, carve, smooth, polish'.Other forms: Aor. ξέσ(σ)αι (Il.), pass. ξεσθῆναι, perf. midd. ἔξεσμαι (IA.), fut. ξέσω (Paul. Aeg.), perf. act. ἔξεκα (Choerob.), Vbaladj. ξεστός (Il.; Ammann Μνήμης χάριν 1, 16).Derivatives: 1. ξέσις ( ἀπό-) f. `smoothing, carving' (Thphr., Delph. IVa); 2. ξέσματα pl. `carving, chips, carved objects' (M. Ant., AP); 3. ξεσμοῖς dat. pl. H. as explanation of σπαράγμασι. 4. ξόανον n. `(carved) image og (a) god' (S., E., X.), name of a (carved?) musical instrument (S. Fr. 238); ξοάνων προθύρων ἐξεσμένων H.; formation like ὄχανον (: ἔχω), πλόκανον (: πλέκω) a.o. (Chantraine 198; not with Bq, WP. 1, 450 a.o. from ξύω; nor with Latte Glotta 32, 35 f. subst. adj.); dimin. ξοάνιον (Anaphe IIa). 5. ξοΐς, - ίδος f. `chisel' (hell. inscr.) with ξοΐδιον (pap. IIIp) and ξοΐτης m. name of a profession (Isauria; Redard 36); prob. directly from ξέω after κοπίς, δορίς a.o. (cf. Chantraine 338); ξοός ξυσμός, ὁλκός H. 6. Of the prefixed forms: διαξόος m. `sculptor' (Delph. 341a), ἀμφί-ξοος (- ους) `smoothing round about' (AP); ἐπι-, κατα-, παρα-ξοή, -ά `carving, smoothing etc.' (inscr.). -- On itself stand with lengthened grade ξώστρα ψηκτρίς, ψήκτρια H. (acc. to WP. 1, 450 a.o. rather to ξύω).Origin: ??Etymology: With ξύω (and ξαίνω?) cognate (s. vv.); without close agreement outside Greek. The stem ξεσ-, reconstructed from ξεσ-τός, ξέσ-(σ)αι a.o., which is at the basis of all forms cited above, is after traditional interpretation to be analysed as ξ-εσ-(= ks-es-) and to be interpreted as zero grade with εσ-enlargement (cf. on τρέω) of the IE root * kes- in OCS čes-ati `comb' a.o. (s. κέσ-κεον) `scratch, comb' (e.g. Brugmann Grundr.2 II: 3, 343 with Persson Stud. 88); connection with κεάζω a. cogn. (s. v.) can as well be considered. -- Diff. suggestion in Schwyzer 269 and 329: ξέω metathesized from * kes-ō (= OCS čes-)? Mann Lang. 28,40 compares Alb. shesh `raze, level', supposedly from *ksesi̯ō. Zie by keskeon!!! Waarom dan niet kses-keon??Page in Frisk: 2,Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ξέω
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3 ἴσος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `equal' in number, strength, size, status etc. (Il.).Compounds: Very often as 1. member, e. g. ἰσό-θεος `god-like' (Il.), hypostasis of ἴσος θεῳ̃ or bahuvrihi `having gods as equals' (Risch 170; cf. Sommer IF 55, 195 n. 2), ἰσό-πεδον `plain' (Il.), ἰσό-πεδος `with the same level, as high' (Hdt., Hp.; cf. Risch IF 59, 15), ἰσ-ηγορίη, - ία `equal richt to speak, equal civil rights' (IA; compound of ἴσον ἀγορᾶσθαι); on ἰσοφαρίζω s. v.; as 2. member e. g. in ἄ(ν)-ισος `unequal, unfair' (IA).Derivatives: ἰσότης `equality' (Pl., Arist.), ἰσάκις `as often' (Pl.), ἰσαχῶς `in as many ways' (Arist.); denomin. verbs: ἰσάζω `make, be equal' (Il.) with ἰσασμός (Epicur.) and ἰσαστικός (Eust.); ἰσόομαι, - όω `become, make equal' (since η 212); ἰσαίομαι `be (made) equal' (Nic., Arat.); on the denomin. Schwyzer 727 a. 734.Etymology: As to the formation ϜίσϜος, from which ep. ἶσος (cf. on the digamma Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 144; the apparent vowel-prothesis ἐ-(Ϝ)ίση is artificial, Beekes Development 65f), Att. ἴσος, agrees with *μόνϜος (\> μοῦνος, μόνος), *ὅλϜος (\> οὖλος, ὅλος) a. o.; further analysis is uncertain. As IE -su̯- was not retained in Greek, the comparison with Skt.viṣu- `to several sides' (Curtius 378) must be given up. Phonetically a basic *Ϝιτσ-Ϝος (cf. Schwyzer 308) would do but the morphological connection to a zero grade *Ϝιδσ- from εἶδος `shape' (Brugmann Grundr.2 2: 1, 205) is hypothetical. - Diff. Meillet BSL 26, 12f. (to δύω; against this Kretschmer Glotta 16, 195), Jacobsohn Hermes 44, 88ff. (to u̯ei-s- `bow, bend'; against this Brugmann IF 28, 365ff.).Page in Frisk: 1,737-738Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἴσος
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4 πλάγιος
Grammatical information: adj.Compounds: Some compp., e.g. πλαγιό-καυλος `with side-stalks' (Thphr.; Strömberg Theophrastea 108f.), παρα-πλάγιος `sideways, oblique' (Thphr.).Derivatives: πλαγι-άζω `to turn amiss, sideward, to lead astray' (LXX, Ph., Plu.) with - ασμός m. `lateral direction, aberrance' (Epicur.); - όω `id.' (X.) with - ωσις H. as explanation of λόξωσις. --Besides, either as backformation (after πλάτος a.o.) or as independent verbal noun (cf. bel.), πλάγος n. `side' (Tab. Heracl.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Formation with ιο-suffix (Schwyzer 466) from a noun `horizontal plain, obliquity' (cf. Lat. plag-a `quarter, region etc.') or from a verb `flatten', which is also assumed in πέλαγος (s. v.); here from Germ. e.g. OHG flah ' flach', OS flaka f. `sole of the foot'; with monosyll. full grade also OWNo. flōki m., OE flōc n. `flounder' (IE * plāg- = * pleh₂g- beside * pelǝg- = * pelh₂g-(?) in πέλαγος). -- WP. 2, 90f., Pok. 832, W.-Hofmann s. plaga w. further forms a. lit. -- Cf. πλάξ, also πλήσσω. - The form cannot be IE, a the short α cannot be explained; so Pre-Greek?Page in Frisk: 2,547Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πλάγιος
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