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  • 21 cieo

    cĭĕo, cīvi, cĭtum, 2 (from the primitive form cĭo, cīre, prevailing in the compounds accio, excio, etc. (cf. Prisc. pp. 865, 905, and 908 P.), are also found: pres. cio, Mart. 4, 90, 4:

    cit,

    Verg. Cul. 201; Col. 6, 5, 1 Schneid.:

    cimus,

    Lucr. 1, 213; 5, 211:

    ciunt,

    Lact. Ep. 4 dub.:

    ciant,

    App. Flor. 2, n. 17, p. 358; Mart. Cap. 1, § 91: ciuntur, id. de Mundo, 22, p. 67), v. a. [kindr. with kiô, to go; and by the addition of the causative signif. like kineô, causative from kiô; v. 1. ci.].
    I.
    Lit., to put in motion; hence, to move, stir, shake (syn.: moveo, commoveo, concito, excito al.;

    class. in prose and poetry): calcem,

    to make a move in the game of chess, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 86:

    natura omnia ciens et agitans,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 11, 27: inanimum est omne, quod pulsu agitatur externo;

    quod autem est animal, id motu cietur interiore et suo,

    id. Tusc. 1, 23, 54 (for which, in the same chapter, several times movere; cf. also id. N. D. 2, 9, 23):

    remos,

    Stat. Th. 6, 801:

    imo Nereus ciet aequora fundo,

    stirs up, Verg. A. 2, 419:

    puppes sinistrorsum citae,

    Hor. Epod. 9, 20.—
    B.
    In judic. lang. t. t.:

    ciere erctum (lit. to put in motion, i. e.),

    to divide the inheritance, Cic. de Or. 1, 56, 237; cf. erctum.—
    C.
    Trop., to put in motion, to rouse up, disturb: natura maris per se immobilis est, et venti et aurae cient, Liv. 28, 27, 11:

    saltum canibus ciere,

    Lucr. 5, 1250: fontes et stagna, Cic. poët. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 9, 15:

    tonitru caelum omne ciebo,

    Verg. A. 4, 122:

    loca sonitu cientur,

    Lucr. 4, 608; cf.:

    reboat raucum regio cita barbara bombum,

    id. 4, 544 Lachm. N. cr. —
    II.
    With reference to the terminus ad quem, to move, excite, or call to ( poet. or in Aug. and post-Aug. prose for the common accire):

    ad sese aliquem,

    Cat. 68, 88:

    ad arma,

    Liv. 5, 47, 4; Sil. 7, 43:

    in pugnam,

    id. 4, 272:

    armatos ad pugnam,

    Vell. 2, 6, 6:

    aere ciere viros,

    Verg. A. 6, 165:

    quos e proximis coloniis ejus rei fama civerat,

    Tac. A. 15, 33:

    aliquem in aliquem,

    id. H. 1, 84, 5:

    ab ultimis subsidiis cietur miles (sc. in primam aciem),

    Liv. 9, 39, 8:

    ille cieri Narcissum postulat,

    Tac. A. 11, 30.—
    B.
    To call upon for help, to invoke; of invoking superior beings:

    nocturnos manes,

    Verg. A. 4, 490:

    luctificam Alecto dirarum ab sede sororum,

    id. ib. 7, 325:

    vipereasque ciet Stygiā de valle sorores (i. e. Furias),

    Ov. M. 6, 662:

    numina nota ciens,

    Val. Fl. 4, 549:

    foedera et deos,

    Liv. 22, 14, 7.—
    C.
    In gen., to call upon any one by name, to mention by name:

    erum,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 11:

    comites magnā voce,

    Lucr. 4, 578:

    animamque sepulcro Condimus et magnā supremum voce ciemus,

    Verg. A. 3, 68:

    lamentatione flebili majores suos ciens ipsumque Pompeium,

    Tac. A. 3, 23:

    singulos nomine,

    id. ib. 2, 81; so Suet. Ner. 46: triumphum nomine ciere, i. e. to call Io triumphe! Liv. 45, 38, 12.—Hence,
    2.
    In a civil sense: patrem, to name one ' s father, i. e. show one ' s free birth, Liv. 10, 8, 10.—
    III.
    To put any course of action in progress or any passion in motion, i. e. to excite, stimulate, rouse, to produce, effect, cause, occasion, begin (very freq., esp. in poetry):

    solis uti varios cursus lunaeque meatus Noscere possemus quae vis et causa cierent,

    Lucr. 5, 773:

    motus,

    id. 3, 379; Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 20:

    varias voces,

    Lucr. 5, 1059:

    lamenta virum commoliri atque ciere,

    id. 6, 242 Lachm. N. cr.:

    tinnitus aere,

    Cat. 64, 262; Verg. G. 4, 64 (cie tinnitus):

    singultus ore,

    Cat. 64, 131:

    gemitus,

    Verg. G. 3, 517:

    fletus,

    id. A. 3, 344:

    lacrimas,

    id. ib. 6, 468:

    mugitus,

    id. ib. 12, 103:

    murmur,

    id. G. 1, 110; Liv. 9, 7, 3:

    bellum,

    id. 5, 37, 2; Vell. 2, 54; Tac. H. 3, 41 fin.; Verg. A. 1, 541:

    belli simulacra,

    id. ib. 5, 674:

    seditiones,

    Liv. 4, 52, 2:

    tumultum,

    id. 28, 17, 16; 41, 24, 18:

    vires intimas molemque belli,

    Tac. A. 15, 2 fin.; cf. id. H. 3, 1:

    pugnam,

    Liv. 1, 12, 2; 2, 47, 1; 9, 22, 7; Tac. A. 3, 41:

    proelium,

    Liv. 2, 19, 10; 4, 33, 3; 7, 33, 12;

    10, 28, 8: Martem,

    Verg. A. 9, 766:

    acies, stragem,

    id. ib. 6, 829; cf. Liv. 22, 39, 7:

    rixam,

    Vell. 1, 2 al. —
    B.
    In medic.:

    alvum,

    to cause evacuation, Plin. 20, 9, 38, § 96:

    urinam,

    id. 27, 7, 28, § 48:

    menses,

    to cause menstruation, id. 26, 15, 90, § 151 sq. al.—Hence, cĭtus, a, um, P. a., lit. put in motion; hence, quick, swift, rapid (opp. tardus, Cic. de Or. 3, 57, 216; Sall. C. 15, 5; class.; esp. freq. in poetry;

    rare in Cic.): ad scribendum citus,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 86:

    quod jubeat citis quadrigis citius properet persequi,

    id. Aul. 4, 1, 14; Verg. A. 8, 642:

    bigae,

    Cat. 55, 26:

    puppis,

    id. 64, 6; Tib. 4, 1, 69:

    classis,

    Hor. C. 1, 37, 24:

    navis,

    Ov. M. 15, 732; Tac. A. 2, 6:

    axis,

    Ov. M. 2, 75:

    fugae,

    id. ib. 1, 543:

    plantae,

    id. ib. 10, 591:

    incessus,

    Sall. C. 15, 5:

    via,

    Liv. 33, 48, 1:

    venator,

    Hor. C. 1, 37, 18:

    cum militibus,

    Tac. A. 11, 1:

    legionibus,

    id. ib. 14, 26:

    agmine,

    id. ib. 1, 63;

    4, 25: cohortes,

    id. ib. 12, 31:

    mors,

    Hor. C. 2, 16, 29; id. S. 1, 1, 8:

    pes, i. e. iambus,

    id. A. P. 252.— Comp.: nullam ego rem citiorem apud homines esse quam famam reor, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Fest. p. 61 Müll.; Val. Max. 3, 8, ext. 1.— Sup., Quint. 6, 4, 14 dub.; v. Spald. and Zumpt in h. l.—
    B.
    In the poets very freq. (also a few times in Tac.) instead of the adv. cito:

    citi ad aedis venimus Circae, Liv. And. ap. Fest. s. v. topper, p. 352, 6 Müll.: equites parent citi,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 88; id. Stich. 2, 2, 70; Lucr. 1, 386:

    somnus fugiens citus abiit,

    Cat. 63, 42: solvite vela citi, Verg, A. 4, 574; cf. id. ib. 9, 37; 12, 425; Hor. S. 1, 10, 92; cf. id. C. 3, 7, 27:

    ite citi,

    Ov. M. 3, 562; Tac. H. 2, 40:

    si citi advenissent,

    id. A. 12, 12.—Hence,
    1.
    cĭto, adv.
    a.
    Quickly, speedily, soon (freq. in prose and poetry of all periods):

    quam tarda es! non vis citius progredi?

    Phaedr. 3, 6, 2; [p. 331] Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 44:

    eloquere,

    id. Cist. 4, 2, 83:

    abi cito et suspende te,

    Ter. And. 1, 5, 20; 3, 1, 16:

    labascit victus uno verbo: quam cito!

    id. Eun. 1, 2, 98:

    quod eum negasti, qui non cito quid didicisset, umquam omnino posse perdiscere,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 36, 146; cf. Hor. A. P. 335; Quint. 12, 8, 3; 11, 2, 2; 10, 6, 2:

    non multum praestant sed cito,

    id. 1, 3, 4 et saep.: sat cito si sat bene, a moral saying of Cato in Hier. Ep. 66, n. 9:

    cito rumpes arcum, semper si tensum habueris,

    Phaedr. 3, 14, 10:

    ad paenitendum properat cito qui judicat, Publ. Syr. Sent. 6: scribere,

    Quint. 10, 3, 10:

    nimis cito diligere,

    Cic. Lael. 21, 78:

    cito absolvere, tarde condemnare,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 9, § 26.— Comp.:

    citius,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 1, 14; Pers. 3, 3, 31; Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 23; Lucr. 1, 557; 2, 34; Cic. Sen. 2, 4:

    Noto citius, Verg.A.5, 242 et saep.: dicto,

    Hor. S. 2, 2, 80; Verg. A. 1, 142:

    supremā die, i. e. ante supremam diem,

    Hor. C. 1, 13, 20:

    serius aut citius sedem properamus ad unam (for which serius ocius,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 26), sooner or later, Ov. M. 10, 33.— Sup.:

    citissime,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 33 fin. al.—
    b.
    With the negative, sometimes equivalent to non facile, not easily (cf. the Gr. tacha):

    haud cito,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 89:

    neque verbis aptiorem cito alium dixerim, neque sententiis crebriorem,

    Cic. Brut. 76, 264: quem tu non tam cito rhetorem dixisses quam politikon, id. ib. § 265.—
    c.
    Sometimes in comp. without the negative, = potius, sooner, rather:

    ut citius diceres, etc.,

    Cic. Brut. 67, 238 fin.:

    citius dixerim, jactasse se aliquos, etc.,

    id. Phil. 2, 11, 25; id. Fam. 5, 2, 10; id. Off. 1, 18, 59; Hor. S. 2, 5, 35.—
    * 2.
    cĭtē, quickly, Scrib. Comp. 198.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > cieo

  • 22 causa (caussa)

        causa (caussa) ae, f    [1 CAV-], a cause, reason, motive, inducement, occasion, opportunity: te causae inpellebant leves, T.: obscura: accedit illa quoque causa: causa, quam ob rem, etc., T.: satis esse causa, quā re, etc., Cs.: si causa nulla est, cur, etc.: causa quod, etc.: ea est causa, ut cloacae subeant, etc., L.: quid causae est quin: nulla causa est quin: causa quo minus, S.: is, qui causa mortis fuit: morbi, V.: nos causa belli sumus, L.: rerum cognoscere causas, V.: Vera obiurgandi causa, T.—Poet.: Bacchus et ad culpam causas dedit (i. e. culparum causa fuit), V.: consurgere in arma, V.: quae rebus sit causa novandis, V.: meo subscribi causa sepulchro, i. e. of my death, O. — In phrases: cum causā, with good reason: sine causā, without good reason: sine ullā apertā causā: his de causis, Cs.: quā de causā: quā ex causa: eā causā, S.: ob eam causam, Cs.: ob eam ipsam causam: quam ob causam, N.: propter eam quam dixi causam: in causā haec sunt, are responsible: vim morbi in causā esse, quo, etc., L.: non paucitatem... causae fuisse cogitabant, to have been the cause, Cs.—Esp., abl. with gen. or possess. adj., on account of, for the sake of: alqm honoris causā nominare, with due respect: omnium nostrum causā: vitandae suspitionis causā: meā causā, T.: meāpte causā, T.: vestrā reique p. causā: vestrarum sedum templorumque causā; cf. quod illi semper sui causā fecerant: additur illius hoc iam causā, quicum agitur.—Meton., an apology, excuse: non causam dico quin ferat, etc., T.: causas nequiquam nectis inanīs, V.—Poet.: Et geminas, causam lacrimis, sacraverat aras, i. e. a place to weep, V.—A feigned cause, pretext, pretence: fingit causas ne det, T.: morae causas facere, reasons for the delay, S.: causas innecte morandi, V.: inferre causam, Cs.: bellandi, N.: per causam exercendorum remigum, under the pretext, Cs.: per causam renovati belli, L.: gratiam per hanc causam conciliare.—In law, a cause, judicial process, lawsuit: causam agere: publicam dicere: proferre: perdere: tenere, O.: causae actor accessi: causam dicere, to defend (oneself or as advocate): linguam causis acuere, for pleading, H.: extra causam esse, not to the point: plura extra causam dixisse: atque peracta est causa prior, i. e. the hearing before the decision, O.—A side, party, faction, cause: condemnare causam illam: et causam et hominem probare, Cs.: publica, the common weal, O.—A relation of friendship, connection: omnes causae et necessitudines veteres: quae mihi sit causa cum Caesare. —A condition, state, situation, relation, position: num enim aliā in causā M. Cato fuit, aliā ceteri, etc.: in eādem causā fuerunt, Cs.: in meliore causā. — A commission, business undertaken, employment: cui senatus dederat publice causam, ut mihi gratias ageret: super tali causā eodem missi, N.—In rhet., a concrete question, case for discussion.

    Latin-English dictionary > causa (caussa)

  • 23 tunc

    tunc, adv. demonstr., of time [tum, and demonstr. suffix -ce], then, at that time; but in ante-class. and class. prose tunc is always emphatic, and generally refers to a point of time. In post-Aug. style tunc freq. occurs without emphasis, and is freely used of periods of time. Tunc = deinde occurs first in the class. per. and rarely in prose; but is very freq. after the Aug. per. Tunc in mere co-ordinative use is very rare and not ante-class. (v. I. C.). Tunc coupled with an emphatic or temporal particle is very rare in class. prose, but freq. in the postAug. period. Poets often use tunc instead of tum before vowels for the sake of the metre. In general, tunc is not freq. till after the Aug. period. Cic. has tum about thirty times as often as tunc; Caes. has tunc only five times; Livy, in the first two books, has tunc five times, tum eighty-two times; but Val. Max. has tunc four times as often as tum. Sen. almost always has tunc; tum only in a few passages, mostly in co ordinative use. In Vitr., Suet., Plin., Just., and the jurists, tunc largely predominates; but Nep. has tunc once only, and Tac., who employs both words sparingly, has tum oftener than tunc. The Codd. very freq. vary between the words, and in many passages the reading is still doubtful. Undue weight has been given by some critics to opposition to nunc and connection with cum; cf. Kritz ad Sall. J. 5, 1; Zumpt ad Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 64, § 142; 2, 5, 10, § 27. Both tum and tunc are freq. opposed to nunc, and connected with cum.
    I.
    Absol.
    A.
    Referring an event to a time before mentioned.
    1.
    To definite past time.
    (α).
    To a period of time, = illis temporibus (only post-Aug.):

    tunc melius tenuere fidem cum paupere cultu Stabat in exigua ligneus aede deus,

    Tib. 1, 10, 19:

    nulli tunc subsessores alienorum matrimoniorum oculi metuebantur,

    Val. Max. 2, 1, 5:

    sed tunc clarissimus quisque juvenum pro amplificanda patria plurimum periculi sustinebat,

    id. 3, 2, 6:

    nunc quo ventum est? A servis vix impetrari potest ne eam supellectilem fastidiant qua tunc consul non erubuit,

    id. 4, 3, 7:

    quo pacto inter amicos viguisse tunc justitiam credimus, cum inter accusatores quoque, etc.,

    id. 6, 5, 6:

    si vere aestimare Macedonas qui tunc erant volumus, fatebimur, etc.,

    Curt. 4, 16, 33:

    sed civitati nullae tunc leges erant,

    Just. 2, 7, 3; 6, 9, 5.—
    (β).
    Referring to a point of time spoken of: cives Romani [p. 1914] tunc facti sunt Campani, Enn. ap. Censor. 14 (Ann. v. 174 Vahl.): tanto sublatae sunt Augmine tunc lapides, id. ap. Non. p. 211, 8 (Ann. v. 542 ib.): tunc ipsos adoriant, ne quis Spartam referat nuntium, Naev. ap. Prisc. 8, p. 801 P. (Trag. Rel. v. 16 Rib.):

    (Sulla) statim ex iis rebus quas tunc vendebat jussit ei praemium tribui, etc.,

    Cic. Arch. 10, 25:

    neque ego tunc princeps ad salutem esse potuissem si, etc.,

    id. Sull. 3, 9:

    his tunc cognitis rebus amici regis his... liberaliter responderunt,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 104:

    tunc duces Nerviorum... colloqui sese velle dicunt,

    at this time, id. B. G. 5, 41:

    quod se facturos minabantur, aegreque tunc sunt retenti quin oppidum irrumperent,

    id. B. C. 2, 13 fin.:

    Romanus tunc exercitus in agro Larinati erat,

    Liv. 22, 24, 1:

    itaque cum in ipsum, et innocentia tutum et magistratu in quo tunc erat, impetus fieri non posset, etc.,

    id. 4, 44, 6; cf. id. 2, 2, 2; 4, 8, 6; 10, 37, 10;

    44, 44, 3: nec, si rescindere posses (sc. jussa Jovis), Tunc aderas,

    Ov. M. 2, 679:

    tunc ego nec cithara poteram gaudere sonora, nec, etc.,

    Tib. 3, 4, 69:

    tunc urbis custodiis praepositus C. Maecenas,

    Vell. 2, 88, 2:

    forte evenit ut tunc summae dignitatis ibi femina veneno consumere se destinarit,

    Val. Max. 2, 6, 8:

    qui tunc Libitinam exercebant,

    id. 5, 2, 10:

    Coriolanus ad Volscos, infestos tunc Romanis, confugit,

    id. 5, 4, 1; cf. id. 2, 10, 3; 4, 8, 5; 5, 5, 3; 7, 6, 5 fin.;

    8, 1 damn. 1: Carthaginiensium legati ad celebrandum sacrum anniversarium more patrio tunc venerant,

    Curt. 4, 2, 10:

    et tunc aestas erat, cujus calor, etc.,

    id. 3, 5, 1:

    perierat imperium, quod tunc in extremo stabat, si Fabius, etc.,

    Sen. Troad. 1, 11, 5:

    tunc,distractis Orientis viribus, casus Mithridati datus est occupandi Armeniam,

    Tac. A. 11, 9; cf. id. ib. 2, 25:

    quidam ex eis qui tunc egerant, decesserunt,

    Plin. Ep. 4, 24, 3:

    ardente tunc in Africa bello,

    Suet. Caes. 70; cf. id. Calig. 48; id. Ner. 20; 21:

    Asiam tunc tenebat imperio rex Darius,

    Gell. 17, 9, 20:

    hostes tunc populi Romani fuerant Fidenates,

    id. 17, 21, 17; cf. id. 13, 5, 2 and 3; 14, 1, 8; Ael. Spart. Had. 11; 23; 24.—Repeated by anaphora:

    tunc victus abiere feri, tunc consita pomus, tunc bibit inriguas fertilis hortus aquas, Aurea tunc pressos, etc.,

    Tib. 2, 1, 43:

    tunc Parmenio et Philotas, tunc Amyntas consobrinus, tunc noverca fratresque interfecti, tunc Attalus, Eurylochus... occurrebant,

    Just. 12, 6, 14; so id. 43, 3, 2; 43, 4, 2.—Attributively:

    regem tunc Lacedaemoniorum,

    Just. 6, 2, 4.—
    (γ).
    Referring to a state no longer in existence:

    silvae tunc circa viam erant, plerisque incultis,

    Liv. 21, 25, 8:

    urbs (Corinthus) erat tunc praeclara ante excidium,

    id. 45, 28, 2:

    hic (Curio) primo pro Pompei partibus, id est, ut tunc habebatur, pro republica, mox... pro Caesare stetit,

    Vell. 2, 48, 3:

    certissimum tunc proscriptorum perfugium penetravit,

    Val. Max. 7, 3, 9:

    docuit in atrio Catulinae domus, quae pars Palatii tunc erat,

    Suet. Gram. 17: tunc (i. e. olim) in usu erat, eam hereditatem, etc., Gai Inst. 2, 254 erat autem tunc mos ut cum princeps causam cognosceret... sententiam ex omnium deliberatione proferret, Ael. Spart. Had. 8.—
    (δ).
    Expressly opposed to present time: tunc igitur pelles, nunc aurum et purpura exercent hominum vitam, Lucr 5, 1423;

    ea lege quae tunc erat Sempronia, nunc est Cornelia,

    Cic. Clu. 56, 154:

    cum vero causam justam deus ipse dederit, ut tunc Socrati, nunc Catoni, etc.,

    id. Tusc. 1, 30, 74, cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 18, § 45; 2, 3, 67, § 156; id. Arch. 3, 5; id. Pis. 13, 30; id. Rab. Post. 12, 34; id. Phil. 7, 5, 14:

    cur privati non damus remiges, sicut tunc dedimus?

    Liv. 34, 6, 18:

    munitiones et locis opportunioribus tunc fuerunt et validiores impositae (i. e. quam nunc),

    id. 36, 17, 4:

    parva nunc res videri potest quae tunc patres ac plebem accendit,

    id. 4, 25, 13; cf. id. 8, 31, 4; 21, 18, 5:

    Macedones milites ea tunc erant fama qua nunc Romani feruntur,

    Nep. Eum. 3, 4: nunc solvo poenas;

    tunc tibi inferias dedi,

    Sen. Phoen. 172:

    nunc haberent socios quos tunc hostes habuerant,

    Just. 6, 7, 5; cf. id. 8, 2, 9:

    hoc tunc Veii fuere, nunc fuisse quis meminit?

    Flor. 1, 12, 11.—And tunc and tum in co-ordinated sentences: qui ager nunc multo pluris est quam tunc fuit. Tum enim, etc., nunc, etc.;

    tum erat ager incultus, nunc est cultissimus,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33: vos etiamsi tunc faciendum non fuerit, nunc utique faciendum putatis;

    ego contra, etiamsi tum migrandum fuisset, nunc has ruipas relinquendas non censerem,

    Liv. 5, 53, 3 (in such connections tum generally refers to a previous tunc, rarely vice versa).—
    (ε).
    Opposed to a previous or a later time:

    quae ipsum Hannibalem, armis tunc invictum voluptate vicit (i. e. etsi non postea),

    Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 95:

    raro alias tribuni popularis oratio acceptior plebi quam tunc severissimi consulis fuit,

    Liv. 3, 69, 1:

    (Syphax) tunc accessio Punici belli fuerat, sicut Gentius Macedonici,

    id. 45, 7, 2; 5, 37, 2; 45, 25, 10:

    non ab Scipionibus aliisque veteribus Romanorum ducum quidquam ausum fortius quam tunc a Caesare,

    Vell. 2, 80, 3:

    et tunc Aeanti, ut deo, immolaverunt, et deinceps, etc.,

    Val. Max. 1, 5, ext. 2:

    praetor hic Alexandri fuerat, tunc transfuga,

    Curt. 3, 11, 18; cf. id. 4, 13, 18:

    Cilicum nationes saepe et alias commotae, tunc Troxoboro duce, montes asperos castris cepere,

    Tac. A. 12, 55; cf. id. ib. 2, 62; id. H. 3, 58:

    ob res et tunc in Africa, et olim in Germania gestas,

    Suet. Galb. 8; cf. id. Tib. 10; 18; id. Oth. 4:

    idem tunc Faesulae quod Carrhae nuper,

    Flor. 1, 5, 8.—
    (ζ).
    In general statements, applied to the actual state of affairs:

    mos est regibus quotiens in societatem coeant, pollices inter se vincire, etc. Sed tunc, qui ea vincula admovebat decidisse simulans, genua Mithridatis invadit,

    Tac. A. 12, 47:

    legebatur ergo ibi tunc in carmine Latino, etc.,

    Gell. 2, 22, 2.— Pregn., as matters then stood:

    aptissimum tempus fuerat, delinimentum animis Bolani agri divisionem obici: tunc haec ipsa indignitas angebat animos,

    Liv. 4, 51, 6.—
    (η).
    Of coincidence in time: tunc = cum hoc fieret, on that occasion:

    quodsi tu tunc, Crasse, dixisses, omnem eorum importunitatem evellisset oratio tua,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 230; id. Clu. 56, 153; id. Lig. 5, 16; id. Phil. 7, 5, 14:

    tunc Lacedaemoniis accusantibus respondendum erat, nunc a vobis ipsis accusati sumus,

    Liv. 39, 36, 7:

    jam Horatius secundam pugnam petebat. Tunc... clamore adjuvant militem suum,

    while he was doing so, id. 1, 25, 9; 45, 23, 17:

    sed neque... nubes Tunc habuit, nec... imbres,

    Ov. M. 2, 310:

    quid mihi tunc animi fuit?

    id. ib. 7, 582:

    quid mihi tunc animi credis, germane, fuisse?

    id. H. 11, 87; 12, 31:

    quid tunc homines timuerint, quae senatus trepidatio... neque mihi exprimere vacat, neque, etc.,

    Vell. 2, 124, 1:

    non Catoni tunc praetura, sed praeturae Cato negatus est,

    Val. Max. 7, 5, 6; cf. id. 1, 8, 6; 4, 5, 3; 6, 1, 8; 6, 2, 3; 6, 2, 6; 6, 6, ext. 1;

    9, 3, 1: tunc ego dicere debui,

    Sen. Ep. 63, 15:

    non possum dicere aliud tunc mihi quam deos adfuisse,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 5:

    tunc domus priscorum ducum arserunt,

    Suet. Ner. 38; Just. 18, 3, 14; Gell. 6 (7), 3, 48; 12, 13, 21; 19, 1, 11.—Tunc and tum co-ordinate: sanguine tunc (Phaethontis) credunt... Tum facta'st Libya... arida;

    tum, etc.,

    Ov. M. 2, 235 sqq.: tunc... sorores Debuerant, etc.;

    Tum potui Medea mori bene,

    id. H. 12, 3 sqq.—And referring to a supposed action at a definite time:

    nobis tunc repente trepidandum in acie instruenda erat,

    if we had accepted the battle then, Liv. 44, 38, 11.—
    (θ).
    Redundant (post-class.):

    id quale fuerit, neque ipse tunc prodidit, neque cuiquam facile succurrat,

    Suet. Tit. 10; cf.: in ejusmodi temporibus tunc eae ambulationes aperiuntur, Vitr 5, 9, 9.—
    2.
    = nunc, in oblique discourse (rare):

    quod si consulatus tanta dulcedo sit, jam tunc ita in animum inducant, consulatum captum a tribunicia potestate esse,

    Liv. 2, 54, 5:

    ut cum multis saeculis murus urbi civium virtus fuerit, tunc cives salvos se fore non existimaverint nisi intra muros laterent,

    Just. 14, 5, 7.—
    3.
    Referring to indefinite time.
    (α).
    Then, at such a time of the year, day, etc.; at such a season:

    tunc (i. e. autumno) praecidi arbores oportere secundum terram,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 27:

    ab eo in fastis dies hordicalia nominantur, quod tunc hordae boves immolantur,

    id. ib. 2, 5:

    omnes (nubes sol) enim sub se tunc (= medio die),

    Sen. Q. N. 1, 8, 7:

    tunc enim maximae et integrae adhuc nives (= aestate prima),

    id. ib. 4, 2, 21:

    et tunc potest ventis concitari mare,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 25; cf. id. ib. 4, 5, 2.—
    (β).
    With the force of an indefinite temporal clause:

    tunc ignes tenuissimi iter exile designant et caelo producunt, of shooting stars,

    Sen. Q. N. 1, 1, 6: nemo observat lunam nisi laborantem. Tunc urbes conclamant, tunc pro se quisque superstitione vana trepidat, id. ib. 7, 1, 2:

    adjuvari se tunc (i. e. cum faces vident) periclitantes existimant Pollucis et Castoris numine,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 13; cf. id. ib. 1, 8, 3; 2, 55, 2; 5, 3, 1; 6, 12, 2; id. Ep. 42, 4; id. Brev. Vit. 11, 1: si ancilla ex cive Romand conceperit, deinde civis Romana facta sit, et tunc pariat, etc., Gai Inst. 1, 88; 1, 90; Dig. 1, 6, 8; 40, 12, 22, § 3.—
    (γ).
    With the force of a conditional clause, in this instance: Tr. Erus peregre venit. Si. Tunc tibi actutum chorda tenditur, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 55 Lorenz (al. tum):

    dominae mentem convertite... Tunc ego crediderim vobis, et sidera et amnes Posse, etc.,

    Prop. 1, 1, 23:

    itaque tunc dividere optimum erit (= si plura sunt quae nocent),

    Quint. 4, 2, 101; so id. 6, 1, 22:

    cuperem tecum communicare tam subitam mutationem mei: tunc amicitiae nostrae certiorem fiduciam habere coepissem,

    Sen. Ep. 6, 2: nemo est ex inprudentibus qui reliqui sibi debeat. Tunc mala consilia agitant, tunc aut aliis aut ipsis pericula struunt;

    tunc cupiditates improbas ordinant, tunc... tunc... denique, etc.,

    id. ib. 10, 2;

    7, 2: tunc enim (i. e. si cottidie reputes) subit recordatio: Quot dies quam frigidis rebus absumpsi!

    Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 3:

    propter liberos retentio fit (dotis) si culpa mulieris divortium factum sit, tunc enim sextae retinentur ex dote,

    Ulp. Fragm. 6, 10: veluti si a femina manumissa sit: tunc enim e lege Atilia petere debet tutorem, Gai Inst. 1, 195; 1, 76; 1, 40; 3, 181; Fragm. Vat. 52; Dig. 2, 4, 8; 5, 3, 13, § 12; 7, 3, 1; 19, 1, 11, § 15; 11, 1, 20; Just. Inst. 1, 12, § 6; in the jurists, saep.—
    4.
    Referring to future time.
    (α).
    In gen.: tunc illud vexillum... coloniae Capuae inferetur;

    tunc contra hanc Romam illa altera Roma quaeretur,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 32, 86:

    tunc, ut quaeque causa crit statuetis, nunc libertatem repeti satis est,

    Liv. 3, 53, 10:

    senatus consultum adjectum est ut... praetor qui tunc esset... apud eorum quem qui manumitteretur... jusjurandum daret, etc.,

    id. 41, 9, 11:

    nec taedebit avum parvo advigilare nepoti... Tunc operata deo pubes discumbet in herba, etc.,

    Tib. 2, 5, 95:

    tunc interea tempus exercitus ex hoc loco educendi habebis,

    Gell. 3, 7, 7.—
    (β).
    With the force of a conditional clause:

    tunc me biremis Tutum... Aura feret geminusque Pollux (i. e. si mugiat malus procellis),

    Hor. C. 3, 29, 62:

    vectabor umeris tunc ego inimicis eques (i. e. si hoc feceris),

    id. Epod. 17, 74:

    tunc tua me infortunia laedent (i. e. si dolebis tibi),

    id. A. P. 103:

    tunc ego jurabo quaevis tibi numina... Tunc ego... Efficiam, etc.,

    Ov. H. 15 (16), 319:

    tunc piger ad nandum, tunc ego cautus ero,

    id. ib. 17 (18), 210.—
    B.
    Representing sequence or succession in events, = deinde.
    1.
    Simple sequence in time.
    (α).
    Time proper (rare till after the Aug. per.;

    in Cic. perh. only in the foll. passages): Herodotus cum Roma reverteretur, offendit eum mensem qui sequitur mensem comitialem. Tunc Cephaloeditani decrerunt intercalarium XLV dies longum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 130:

    veni in eum sermonem ut docerem, etc. Tunc mihi ille dixit quod, etc.,

    id. Fam. 3, 5, 3:

    dixi ei, me ita facturum esse ut, etc. Tunc ille a me petivit, etc.,

    id. ib. 3, 6, 2 is finis pugnae equestris fuit. Tunc adorti peditum aciem, nuntios ad consules rei gestae mittunt, Liv. 3, 70, 8:

    tandem curia excesserunt. Tunc sententiae interrogari coeptae,

    id. 45, 25, 1:

    equites, relictis equis, provolant ante signa... Tunc inter priores duorum populorum res geritur,

    id. 7, 8, 1:

    iterum deinde interpellatus, in proposito persistit. Tunc Poppedius, abjecturum inde se... minatus est,

    Val. Max. 3, 1, 2; cf. id. 5, 4, 1; 7, 3, 2; 7, 3, 6: tunc intendit arcum, et ipsum cor adulescentis figit, Sen. de Ira, 3, 14, 2; so id. Ot. Sap. 1, 1; id. Q. N. 1, 12, 1:

    Dareum XXX inde stadia abesse praemissi indicabant. Tunc consistere agmen jubet,

    Curt. 3, 8, 24:

    contionem discedere in manipulos jubet. Tunc a veneratione Augusti orsus flexit ad victorias,

    Tac. A. 1, 34; cf. id. ib. 1, 67; 12, 31; 12, 33; 12, 69; id. H. 4, 72; Vitr. 1, 4, 12; 1, 6, 7; 2, 1, 2; 2, 1, 4; 5, 12, 5; 7, praef. 5; 7, 1, 3; 7, 2, 2; 8, 1, 1; Suet. Ner. 49; id. Vit. 15 fin.; id. Dom. 16; Front. Strat. 2, 5, 4; Gell. 1, 22, 6; 6 (7), 17, 6; 13, 31 (30), 6; 14, 2, 9; [p. 1915] Flor. 2, 13 (4, 2), 71; Just. 11, 4, 1; 11, 10, 2; 12, 7, 7; 13, 3, 4; 18, 4, 10 et saep.; Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 26.—
    (β).
    Before an abl. absol. (postclass.):

    statuunt tempus quo foedissimum quemque invadant. Tunc, signo inter se dato, inrumpunt contubernia,

    Tac. A. 1, 48:

    tunc, Campaniae ora proximisque insulis circuitis, Caprearum secessui quadriduum impendit,

    Suet. Aug. 98:

    tunc, exercitu in Aetoliam promoto, pecunias civitatibus imperat,

    Just. 14, 1, 6; 21, 5, 2; 22, 2, 7; 25, 2, 6.—
    (γ).
    Implying a consequence, then, under these circumstances, hence, accordingly:

    caedere januam saxis, instare ferro, ligna circumdare ignemque circumicere coeperunt. Tunc cives Romani, qui Lampsaci negotiabantur, concurrunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 69: huc tota Vari conversa acies suos fugere videbat. Tunc Rebilus; Perterritum, inquit, hostem vides;

    quid dubitas, etc.,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 34:

    animadversum est, extra consuetudinem longius a vallo esse aciem Pompei progressum. Tunc Caesar apud suos Differendum est iter, inquit, etc.,

    id. ib. 3, 85:

    omnium spe celerius Saguntum oppugnari adlatum est. Tunc relata de integro res ad senatum,

    Liv. 21, 6, 5; cf. id. 9, 30, 10:

    Tisiphoneque Saevit et huc illuc impia turba fugit. Tunc niger in porta serpentum Cerberus ore Stridet,

    Tib. 1, 3, 71:

    apud patres disseruit, nec posse Orientem nisi Germanici sapientia conponi, etc. Tunc decreto patrum permissae Germanico provinciae,

    Tac. A. 2, 43; id. H. 4, 83; Vitr. 2, 8, 14; 2, 9, 16; Just. 39, 3, 11.—Emphatically, = tum vero:

    donec ipse quoque longinquo morbo est implicitus. Tunc adeo fracti simul cum corpore sunt spiritus illi feroces ut, etc.,

    Liv. 1, 31, 6.—And = tum primum:

    multitudo tandem perrumpit ordines hostium. Tunc vinci pertinacia coepta, et averti manipuli quidam,

    Liv. 9, 39, 10. —
    2.
    In enumerations with tum... deinde... postea, etc.
    (α).
    In gen. (postclass.): ante omnia instituit ut e libertorum bonis dextans... cogeretur; deinde ut ingratorum, etc.;

    tunc ut lege majestatis facta omnia... tenerentur,

    Suet. Ner. 32 med.; so,

    tunc... deinde... tunc, etc.,

    Vitr. 1, 6, 12 and 13:

    tunc... tunc... deinde... tunc,

    id. 3, 5, 5 and 6; cf. id. 5, 12, 4; cf. Suet. Oth. 6; Flor. 4, 2, 88.—With tum: terras primum situmque earum quaerit; deinde condicionem maris;

    tunc quidquid inter caelum terrasque interjacet perspicit... tum, peragratis humilioribus, ad summa prorumpit,

    Sen. Cons. Helv. 17 fin.; so Gai Inst. 3, 6, 3.—
    (β).
    Of successive speakers in dialogue (rare):

    tu vero abi, inquit, etc. Tunc Mucius Quandoquidem, inquit, est apud te virtuti honos, etc.,

    Liv. 2, 12, 15:

    apud quem Valerius in hunc modum egit, etc. Tunc Collatinus Quaero inquit, etc.,

    Val. Max. 2, 8, 2.—With tum:

    tunc poeta... inquit, etc. Tum Fronto ita respondit, etc.,

    Gell. 19, 8, 10 and 11; 12, 13, 19; Val. Max. 7, 3, ext. 4.—
    C.
    In co-ordination (very rare).
    1.
    = praeterea, and then:

    (Romulus) hoc consilio fultus... locupletari civis non destitit. Tunc, id quod retinemus hodie magna cum salute rei publicae, auspiciis plurimum obsecutus est Romulus,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 9, 15 sq.:

    praeter has, frugalitas et continentia... splendorem illi suum adfunderent. Tunc providentia cum elegantia quantum decoris illi adderent!

    Sen. Ep. 115, 3.—
    2.
    In the connection cum... tunc (v. tum, I. C. 3.):

    vivendum recte est cum propter plurima, tunc est Idcirco, etc.,

    Juv. 9, 118 ( poet. for tum, on account of the foll. vowel).—
    3.
    Vid. tunc etiam, III. B. 7. b.
    II.
    As correlative of dependent clauses.
    A.
    Of temporal clauses with cum.
    1.
    Referring to definite past time.
    a.
    Tunc as antecedent of the clause:

    set Stalagmus quojus erat tunc nationis quom hinc abit?

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 108:

    etiamne in ara tunc sedebant mulieres Quom ad me profectu's ire?

    id. Rud. 3, 6, 8:

    quo damnato tunc, cum judicia fiebant, HS. IV milibus lis aestimata est,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 22:

    etenim tunc esset hoc animadvertendum cum classis Syracusis proficiscebatur,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 43, §

    111: atque ille eo tempore paruit cum parere senatui necesse erat: vos tunc paruistis cum paruit nemo nisi qui voluit,

    id. Lig. 7, 20: se ita pugnaturos ut Romae pugnaverint in repetenda patria, ut postero die ad Gabios, tunc cum effecerint ne quis hostium, etc., Liv. 6, 28, 9:

    et quod tunc fecimus cum hostem Hannibalem in Italia haberemus, id nunc, pulso Hannibale, cunctamur facere?

    id. 31, 7, 5:

    infelix Dido, nunc te facta impia tangunt? Tunc decuit cum sceptra dabas,

    Verg. A. 4, 597 (Rib. tum; v. Prisc. p. 8, 841 P.):

    prudenter sensit tunc incrementum Romano imperio petendum fuisse cum intra septimum lapidem triumphi quaerebantur,

    Val. Max. 4, 1, 10:

    quorum nihil tunc cum diceretur parum aptum fuit,

    Quint. 11, 1, 89; cf. Val. Max. 8, 8, ext. 1; 9, 8, ext. 1.—
    b.
    Introducing the apodosis.
    (α).
    Of coincident actions:

    cum jam adpropinquantium forma lemborum haud dubie esset... tunc injecta trepidatio,

    Liv. 44, 28, 10.—
    (β).
    = deinde:

    adversus singula quaeque cum respondere haud facile esset, et quereretur... purgaretque se invicem, tunc Papirius, redintegrata ira, virgas et secures expediri jussit,

    Liv. 8, 32, 10:

    divus Caesar cum exercitum habuisset circa Alpes, imperavissetque, etc., tunc qui in eo castello fuerunt... noluerunt imperio parere,

    Vitr. 2, 9, 15:

    cum nuntiatum esset Leonidae a XX milibus hostium summum cacumen teneri, tunc hortatur socios, recedant,

    Just. 2, 11, 5.—
    2.
    Of definite present time, tunc is not found; v. tum.—
    3.
    Referring to indefinite time.
    a.
    As antecedent:

    arbitror, quo nos etiam tunc utimur cum ea dicimus jurati quae comperta habemus,

    Cic. Font. 13, 29 (9, 19):

    tunc obsequatur naturae cum senserit, etc.,

    id. Fragm. Hort. Phil. 75 B. and K.; id. Tusc. 2, 6, 16; id. Verr. 1, 18, 55; 2, 5, 12, § 29: qui tunc vocat me, cum malum librum legi, only... when, never... unless (= tote dê), Cat. 44, 21 Ellis (Mull. tum):

    deum tunc adfuisse cum id evenisset, veteres oratores aiebant,

    Quint. 10, 7, 14:

    tunc est commovendum theatrum cum ventum est ad illud Plodite,

    id. 6, 1, 52; cf. id. 4, 2, 8; 12, 11, 7; Vitr. 2, 9, 3:

    voluptas tunc, cum maxime delectat, exstinguitur,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 7, 4; cf. id. Q. N. 1, prol. 3; 5, 3, 3; 6, 3, 1; id. Ep. 10, 5; 85, 38:

    in tantam quantitatem tenetur quae tunc in peculio fuit cum sententiam dicebat,

    Dig. 5, 1, 15: tunc cum certum esse coeperit neminem ex eo testamento fore heredem, Gai Inst. 3, 13; 4, 71; Dig. 28, 3, 6, § 6; 40, 12, 16, § 2; 40, 7, 34.—
    b.
    Introducing the apodosis:

    cum autem fundamenta ita distantia inter se fuerint constituta, tunc inter ea alia transversa... collocentur,

    Vitr. 1, 5, 7; 2, 1, 6; 2, 3, 2; 2, 5, 2;

    3, 5, 13: cum folia pauca in acumine germinent, tunc maxime serendas ficus,

    Plin. 18, 26, 65, § 245; Just. 41, 2, 9.—
    4.
    Referring to future time:

    ex ceteris autem generibus tunc pecunia expedietur cum legionibus victricibus erunt quae spopondimus persolvenda, Cic. Fragm. Ep. Caes. jun. 1, 8: tunc inter eas fore finem belli dixit cum alterutra urbs in habitum pulveris esset redacta,

    Val. Max. 9, 3, ext. 3:

    poterant videri tunc incohanda cum omnia quae... peregissem,

    Quint. 6, 4, 1; Col. praef. 33; v. infra, III. A. 2. b.—
    B.
    With temporal clauses introduced by ubi (rare).
    1.
    Of definite past time:

    ad quod bellum ubi consules dilectum habere occipiunt, obstare tunc enixe tribuni,

    Liv. 4, 55, 2:

    haec ubi convenerunt, tunc vero Philomelus consuetudinem nocte egrediendi frequentiorem facere,

    id. 25, 8, 9.—
    2.
    Of indefinite time.
    a.
    As antecedent:

    tunc autem est consummata infelicitas, ubi turpia non solum delectant, sed etiam placent,

    Sen. Ep. 39, 6; id. Ben. 2, 3, 3; 2, 17, 3; id. Ep. 89, 19.—
    b.
    In apodosis:

    stillicidia ubi plura coiere et turba vires dedit, tunc fluere et ire dicuntur,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 13, 4; 6, 17, 2; 6, 18, 2.—
    C.
    With temporal clauses introduced by postquam (posteaquam); rare.
    1.
    Of definite past time:

    posteaquam ingenuae virgines et ephebi venerunt ad deprecandum, tunc est pollicitus his legibus ut, etc.,

    Vitr. 10, 16, 7 (but in Sall. C. 51, 40 Dietsch reads tum).—
    2.
    Of indefinite time: si vero posteaquam eam destinasses, tunc perierit, etc., Dig 17, 2, 58, § 1.—
    D.
    With temporal clauses introduced by ut (very rare):

    ut vero... casus suorum miseris eluxit, tunc toto littore plangentium gemitus, tunc infelicium matrum ululatus... audiebantur,

    Just. 19, 2, 11.—
    E.
    With temporal clauses introduced by quando (rare).
    1.
    As antecedent:

    tunc quando abiero,

    Plaut. Pers. 4, 7, 19 (4, 8, 8): tunc inserentur (cerasi) quando his vel non est, vel desinit gummi effluere, Pall. Oct. 12.—
    2.
    In apodosis:

    quando quodque eorum siderum cursum decorum est adeptum... tunc ex alterius naturae motione transversa... vinci a tardioribus videbantur,

    Cic. Univ. 9.—
    F.
    With temporal clauses introduced by dum (very rare):

    tunc tamen utrumque tolerabile est, dum illi vis sua est,

    Sen. Ep. 83, 21.—
    G.
    With conditional clauses.
    1.
    In gen.
    (α).
    As antecedent:

    consilium istud tunc esset prudens si rationes ad Hispaniensem casum accommodaturi essemus,

    Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2:

    sin autem ventus interpellaverit et... tunc habeat canalem longum pedes quinque, etc.,

    Vitr. 8, 5, 2:

    tunc fidem fallam, tunc inconstantiae crimen audiam si, cum omnia eadem sint quae erant promittente me, non praestitero promissum,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 35, 2.—
    (β).
    In apodosis:

    si se simul cum gloria rei gestae exstinxisset, tunc victorem, quidquid licuerit in magistro equitum, in militibus ausurum,

    Liv. 8, 31, 7:

    quem si inclusit mare, tum ille exitu simul redituque praecluso, volutatur,

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 15:

    quod si non illum, sed me peccasse putabis, tunc ego te credam cordis habere nihil,

    Mart. 2, 8, 6: si nullus sit suorum heredum, tunc hereditas pertinet ad adgnatos, Gai Inst. 3, 9:

    si vero dissentiunt, tunc praetoris partes necessariae sunt,

    Dig. 2, 14, 7, § 19; Sen. Q. N. 6, 9, 2; Gai Inst. 3, 205; Dig. 1, 3, 22.—
    2.
    With a supposition contrary to fact:

    audivi te cum alios consolareris: tunc conspexissem, si te ipse consolatus esses,

    Sen. Prov. 4, 5.—
    H.
    After abl. absol. (rare):

    legatis auditis, tunc de bello referre sese Aemilius dixit,

    Liv. 44, 21, 1:

    his ita praeparatis, tunc in rotae modiolo tympanum includatur,

    Vitr. 10, 9 (14), 2.
    III.
    Particular connections.
    A.
    With other particles of time.
    1.
    Jam tunc (rare):

    nisi jam tunc omnia negotia diligentissime confecissem,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 3: bellum jam tunc ab illis geri coeptum cum sibi Phrygiam ademerint, Trog. Pomp. ap. Just. 38, 53:

    At. C. Marius L. Sullam jam tunc, ut praecaventibus fatis, copulatum sibi quaestorem habuit,

    Vell. 2, 12, 1:

    Archilochum Nepos Cornelius tradit, Tullo Hostilio Romae regnante, jam tunc fuisse poematis clarum et nobilem,

    Gell. 17, 21, 8:

    palam jam tunc multae civitates libertatem bello vindicandam fremebant,

    Just. 13, 5, 5. —
    2.
    With demum and denique, not until then, then only, then at last.
    a.
    Tunc demum.
    (α).
    Absol.:

    tunc demum nuntius missus ad tertiam legionem revocandam,

    Liv. 41, 3, 5:

    tunc demum pectora plangi Contigit,

    Ov. H. 11, 91:

    tunc demum intrat tabernaculum,

    Curt. 4, 13, 20:

    tunc demum alia mala (exstiterunt),

    Sen. Q. N. 1, 17, 6:

    (aquilae) primo deponunt, expertaeque pondus, tunc demum abeunt,

    Plin. 10, 3, 4, § 14:

    tunc demum... invidiam quae sibi fieret deprecati sunt,

    Suet. Calig. 9:

    tunc demum ad otium concessit,

    id. Claud. 5.—
    (β).
    With cum clause:

    postero die cum circumsessi aqua arceremur, nec ulla... erumpendi spes esset, tunc demum pacti sumus, etc.,

    Liv. 21, 59, 6:

    et serius cum redisset, tum demum, recepto sospite filio, victoriae tantae gaudium consul sensit,

    id. 44, 44, 3:

    cum ab his oritur, tunc demum ei ratio constat,

    Val. Max. 4, 8 prooem.: quos ordine suo tunc demum persequar cum praefaturus fuero, Col. praef. 33; Sen. Ep. 84, 6; id. Q. N. 7, 13, 1.—
    b.
    Tunc denique (very rare): hi dicebantur in eo tempore mathêmatikoi. Exinde ad perspicienda principia naturae procedebant ac tunc denique nominabantur phusikoi, Gell. 1, 9, 7.—
    3.
    Tunc primum:

    quia tunc primum superbiae nobilitatis obviam itum est,

    Sall. J. 5, 2:

    tunc primum circo qui nunc maximus dicitur, designatus locus est,

    Liv. 1, 35, 8:

    eum dolorem ulta est (plebs) tunc primum plebeis quaestoribus creatis,

    id. 4, 54, 2:

    tunc primum equo merere equites coeperunt,

    id. 5, 7, 13:

    lectisternio tunc primum in urbe Romana facto,

    id. 5, 13, 6; Tac. A. 11, 38; Suet. Ner. 17; Just. 8, 5, 1; 11, 10, 2; Jul. Capitol. Anton. Phil. 5; 7.—
    4.
    With deinde (cf.: tum deinde).
    (α).
    Deinde tunc:

    roga bonam mentem, bonam valetudinem animi, deinde tunc corporis,

    Sen. Ep. 10, 4; 74, 23; 117, 1.—
    (β).
    Tunc deinde: primum militiae vinculum est religio et signorum amor, et deserendi nefas; tunc deinde facile cetera [p. 1916] exiguntur, Sen. Ep. 95, 35; 11, 4; Val. Fl. 8, 109; Cels. 4, 15.—So, tunc postea, Vitr. 1, 6, 7.—
    5.
    Tunc tandem:

    simul enim cessit possessione Dii, excitavit hostem, ut tunc tandem sciret recuperanda esse quae prius amissa forent,

    Liv. 44, 8, 4.—
    B.
    With emphatic particles.
    1.
    Tunc vero (or enimvero):

    in turbatos jam hostes equos inmittunt. Tunc vero Celtiberi omnes in fugam effunduntur,

    Liv. 40, 40, 10:

    cunctantem tamen ingens vis morbi adorta est. Tunc enim vero deorum ira admonuit,

    id. 2, 36, 6:

    tunc vero impotentis fortunae species conspici potuit,

    Curt. 3, 11, 23: Tiberioque suspensa semper verba;

    tunc vero nitenti, etc.,

    Tac. A. 1, 11.—
    2.
    Tunc quidem: et tunc quidem Perseus copias reduxit;

    postero die, etc.,

    Liv. 42, 57, 9:

    tunc quidem sacrificio rite perpetrato, reliquum noctis rediit, etc.,

    Curt. 4, 13, 16; cf. id. 3, 12, 21.—
    3.
    Ne tunc quidem:

    quia ne tunc quidem obsistebatur,

    Front. Strat. 3, 17, 9:

    ac ne tum quidem senatu aut populo appellato,

    Suet. Ner. 41; cf. Just. 27, 3, 6.—
    4.
    Tunc maxime (or tunc cum maxime).
    (α).
    Chiefly at that time, especially then:

    Theophrastus est auctor, in Ponto quosdam amnes crescere tempore aestivo... aut quia tunc maxime in umorem mutabilis terra est, aut quia, etc.,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 26, 2.—
    (β).
    Just then:

    hospitem tunc cum maxime utilia suadentem abstrahi jussit ad capitale supplicium,

    Curt. 3, 2, 17:

    non incidunt causae quae iram lacessant? sed tunc maxime illi oppugnandae manus sunt, Sen. de Ira, 2, 14, 2: sapiens tunc maxime paupertatem meditatur cum in mediis divitiis constitit,

    id. Vit. Beat. 26, 1.—
    5.
    Tunc interea, Gell. 3, 7, 7; v. supra, I. A. 4. a.—
    6.
    Etiam tunc.
    (α).
    Even then:

    experiri etiam tunc volens an ullae sibi reliquae vires essent, etc.,

    Gell. 15, 16, 3.—
    (β).
    Still:

    quam defunctam praetextatus etiam tunc pro rostris laudavit,

    Suet. Calig. 10.— And with cum, Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 8; v. supra, II. A. 1. a.—
    7.
    Tunc etiam.
    (α).
    Etiam as connective, tum = eo tempore:

    in civitate plena religionum, tunc etiam ob recentem cladem superstitiosis principibus, ut renovarentur auspicia, res ad interregnum redit,

    Liv. 6, 5, 6.—
    (β).
    Poet. for tum etiam, on account of the vowel:

    ultima prona via est, et eget moderamine certo, Tunc etiam... Tethys solet ipsa vereri,

    Ov. M. 2, 68.—
    8.
    Tunc quoque.
    (α).
    Also then:

    irae adversus Vejentes in insequentem annum dilatae sunt. Tunc quoque ne confestim bellum indiceretur religio obstitit,

    Liv. 4, 30, 13; 44, 37, 12: saepe legit flores;

    et tunc quoque forte legebat,

    Ov. M. 4, 315:

    quare et sereno tonat? quia tunc quoque per quassum et scissum aera spiritus prosilit,

    Sen. Q. N. 2, 18:

    cum quidam histriones producti olim, tunc quoque producerentur,

    Suet. Claud. 21:

    tunc quoque in Hyrcaniam remittitur,

    Just. 38, 9, 9.—
    (β).
    Even then:

    tunc quoque cum antiqui illi viri inclite viverent, cura comere capillum fuit,

    Sen. Q. N. 1, 17, 7:

    faba vero non antequam trium foliorum. Tunc quoque levi sarculo purgare melius quam fodere,

    Plin. 18, 26, 65, § 241; Suet. Ner. 26; Flor. 1, 7, 12.—With tum demum:

    tametsi ad audiendum pigre coitur. Plerique in stationibus sedent... ac sibi nuntiari jubent an jam recitator intraverit... an ex magna parte evolverit librum: tum demum ac tunc quoque lente cunctanterque veniunt,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 13, 2.—
    (γ).
    = sic quoque, even as it was:

    quin nisi firmata extrema agminis fuissent, ingens in eo saltu accipienda clades fuerit. Tunc quoque ad extremum periculi ventum est,

    Liv. 21, 34, 8.—
    C.
    Tunc temporis (postclass.;

    v. tum, III. E.): ex gente obscura tunc temporis Persarum,

    Just. 1, 4, 4:

    parvae tunc temporis vires Atheniensibus erant,

    id. 3, 6, 6:

    ad abolendam invidiae famam qua insignis praeter ceteros tunc temporis habebatur,

    id. 8, 3, 7:

    erat namque tunc temporis urbs Appulis Brundisium,

    id. 12, 2, 7.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > tunc

  • 24 percutio

    per-cŭtĭo, cussi, cussum, 3 ( perf. contr. percusti for percussisti, Hor. S. 2, 3, 273), v. a. [quatio].
    I.
    (With the notion of the per predominating.) To strike through and through, to thrust or pierce through (syn.: percello, transfigo).
    A.
    Lit.:

    percussus cultello,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 69, 2:

    gladio percussus,

    Cic. Mil. 24, 65:

    Mamilio pectus percussum,

    Liv. 2, 19, 8:

    coxam Aeneae,

    Juv. 15, 66:

    vena percutitur,

    a vein is opened, blood is let, Sen. Ep. 70, 13:

    fossam,

    to cut through, dig a trench, Front. Strat. 3, 17; Plin. Ep. 10, 50, 4.—
    B.
    Transf., to slay, kill (class.; cf.:

    neco, perimo, ico, ferio): aliquem securi,

    to behead, Cic. Pis. 34, 84; id. Fin. 1, 7, 23:

    collum percussa securi Victima,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 2, 5; Liv. 39, 43:

    aliquem veneno,

    App. M. 10, p. 252, 21:

    hostem,

    Suet. Calig. 3; Ov. H. 4, 94.—Hence, percutere foedus, to make a league, conclude a treaty (because an animal was slaughtered on the occasion;

    only post-Aug. for ferio, ico), Auct. B. Alex. 44: cum Albanis foedus percussit,

    Just. 42, 3, 4; 43, 5, 10; Vulg. 3 Reg. 5, 12.—
    II.
    (With the idea of the verb predominating.) To strike, beat, hit, smite, shoot, etc. (cf.: ico, pulso, ferio).
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen. (class.):

    ceu lapidem si Percutiat lapis aut ferrum,

    Lucr. 6, 162:

    cum Cato percussus esset ab eo, qui arcam ferebat,

    had been struck, Cic. de Or. 2, 69, 279:

    januam manu,

    Tib. 1, 5, 68; 1, 6, 3:

    turres de caelo percussae,

    struck with lightning, Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 19; cf.:

    hunc nec Juppiter fulmine percussit,

    id. N. D. 3, 35, 84:

    percussus ab aspide calcatā,

    stung, bitten, Plin. 23, 1, 27, § 56; cf.: PERCVSSVS A VIPERA, Inscr. Vermigl. Iscriz. Perug. p. 319; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 30; 28, 4, 10, § 44:

    color percussus luce refulgit,

    struck, Lucr. 2, 799; cf. Ov. M. 6, 63; Val. Fl. 1, 495:

    auriculae (voce) percussae,

    Prop. 1, 16, 28:

    percussus vocibus circus,

    Sil. 16, 398.— Neutr.:

    sol percussit super caput,

    Vulg. Jonae, 4, 8.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To strike, stamp, coin money (post-Aug.):

    ut nummum argenteum notā sideris Capricorni percusserit,

    Suet. Aug. 94; id. Ner. 25. —
    b.
    To strike, play a musical instrument ( poet.):

    lyram,

    Ov. Am. 3, 12, 40; Val. Fl. 5, 100.—
    c.
    As t. t. in weaving, to throw the shuttle with the woof: (lacernae) male percussae textoris pectine Galli, badly or coarsely woven, Juv. 9, 30.—
    d.
    Haec meraclo se percussit flore Libyco (=vino Mareotico), to get drunk, Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 16 (cf.: sauciare se flore Liberi, Enn. ap. Fulg. 562, 25).—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To smite, strike, visit with calamity of any kind (class.):

    percussus calamitate,

    Cic. Mur. 24, 49:

    percussus fortunae vulnere,

    id. Ac. 1, 3, 11:

    ruina,

    Vulg. Zach. 14, 18: anathemate. id. Mal. 4, 6:

    plaga,

    id. 1 Macc. 1, 32:

    in stuporem,

    id. Zach. 12, 4.—
    2.
    To strike, shock, make an impression upon, affect deeply, move, astound (class.):

    percussisti me de oratione prolatā,

    Cic. Att. 3, 12, 3; id. Mil. 29, 79: audivi ex Gavio, Romae esse hominem, et fuisse assiduum: percussit animum, it struck me, made me suspicious, id. Att. 4, 8, b, 3:

    animos probabilitate,

    id. Tusc. 5, 11, 33:

    percussus atrocissimis litteris,

    id. Fam. 9, 25, 3:

    fragor aurem percutit,

    Juv. 11, 98.—
    3.
    To cheat, deceive, impose upon one (class.):

    aliquem probe,

    Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 9:

    hominem eruditum,

    Cic. Fl. 20, 46:

    hominem strategemate,

    id. Att. 5, 2, 2:

    aliquem palpo,

    to flatter, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 28.—
    4.
    (Acc. to II. A. 2. a.) To strike, stamp (post-Aug.):

    facta dictaque tua unā formā percussa sunt,

    Sen. Ep. 34, 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > percutio

  • 25 ibi

    ĭbĭ̄, adv. [from the pronom. root I, is, with dat. ending as in tibi, sibi, in loc. sense as in ubi; cf. Sanscr. suffix bhjam; Corss. Ausspr. 1, 169], in that place, there, = entautha (cf. istic).
    I.
    Lit., in space:

    ibi cenavi atque ibi quievi in navi noctem perpetem,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 100;

    tandem abii ad praetorem. Ibi vix requievi,

    id. Capt. 2, 2, 6: nempe in foro? De. Ibi, id. As. 1, 1, 104:

    in Asiam hinc abii, atque ibi, etc.,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 59:

    Demaratus fugit Tarquinios Corintho et ibi suas fortunas constituit,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 37, 109; Ov. M. 1, 316:

    aedificabat in summa Velia: ibi alto atque munito loco arcem inexpugnabilem fore,

    Liv. 2, 7, 6:

    erit haec differentia inter hoc edictum et superius, quod ibi de eo damno praetor loquitur, etc.,

    Dig. 47, 8, 4, § 6:

    musca est meus pater... nec sacrum nec tam profanum quicquamst, quin ibi ilico adsit,

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 27:

    ut illa, quae dicimus, non domo attulisse, sed ibi protinus sumpsisse videamur,

    there, on the spot, Quint. 11, 2, 46; 4, 1, 54; 12, 9, 19:

    in eo flumine pons erat. Ibi praesidium ponit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 47.—In common speech, sometimes pleonastic, with the name of a place:

    in medio propter canalem, ibi ostentatores meri,

    Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 15; 19; 22; id. Cist. 1, 1, 18; cf.:

    illic ibi demum'st locus, ubi, etc.,

    id. Capt. 5, 4, 3.—With corresp. relative adverbs, ubi, unde, etc.:

    nam ubi tu profusus, ibi ego me pervelim sepultam,

    Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 7:

    nemo est, quin ubivis quam ibi, ubi est, esse malit,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 1, 1; cf.:

    ibi esse, ubi, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 10:

    ubi tyrannus est, ibi... dicendum est plane nullam esse rem publicam,

    id. Rep. 3, 31:

    multa intelleges meliora apud nos multo esse facta quam ibi fuissent, unde huc translata essent,

    id. ib. 2, 16.—So with quo loco, etc.:

    quo loco maxime umor intus perseverabit, ibi pus proximum erit,

    Cels. 8, 9; cf.:

    quacumque equo invectus est, ibi haud secus quam pestifero sidere icti pavebant,

    Liv. 8, 9, 12:

    quo descenderant, ibi processerunt longe,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 5.—With gen.:

    ibi loci terrarum orbe portis discluso,

    Plin. 6, 11, 12, § 30.—Post-class. of vessels, etc., therein (= in eis):

    qui sciens vasa vitiosa commodavit, si ibi infusum vinum est, etc.,

    Dig. 13, 6, 18, § 3.—Post-class. and very rarely with verbs of motion (for eo):

    et cum ibi venerimus,

    there, thither, Dig. 1, 2, 1 fin.; cf. ibidem.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Of time, then, thereupon (mostly ante - class. and poet., but freq. in Liv.):

    invocat deos inmortales: ibi continuo contonat Sonitu maxumo, etc.,

    Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 41 sq.; cf.:

    ubi... ibi,

    ib. 11:

    postquam... ibi,

    ib. v. 39 sq.:

    ter conatus ibi collo dare bracchia circum,

    Verg. A. 2, 792:

    ibi infit, etc.,

    Liv. 3, 71, 6:

    nec moram ullam, quin ducat, dari: Ibi demum ita aegre tulit, ut, etc.,

    then for the first time, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 53: ibi postquam laborare aciem Calpurnius vidit, Liv. 39, 31, 4.—With cum:

    ibi cum alii mores et instituta eorum eluderent,

    Liv. 40, 5, 7:

    ibi cum de re publica retulisset,

    id. 22, 1, 4.—With corresp. ubi:

    ille ubi miser famelicus videt, me tam facile victum quaerere, ibi homo coepit me obsecrare, etc.,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 30:

    non voco (te patrem): Ubi voles pater esse, ibi esto,

    Plaut. Ep. 4, 2, 25.—Pleonastically with tum:

    tum ibi nescio quis me arripit,

    Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 47: ibi tum derepente ex alto in altum despexit mare, Enn. ap. Non. 518, 6 (Trag. Rel. v. 352 Vahl.):

    cum Aebutius Caecinae malum minaretur, ibi tum Caecinam postulasse, etc.,

    Cic. Caecin. 10, 27; cf.:

    ibi nunc (colloq.),

    Plaut. Am. prol. 135; id. Curc. 3, 68.—
    B.
    Of other relations, there, in that matter, on that occasion, in that condition (class.): nolite ibi nimiam spem habere, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 17, 1:

    numquid ego ibi peccavi?

    Plaut. Ep. 4, 2, 23:

    at pol ego ibi sum, esse ubi miserum hominem decet,

    id. Bacch. 5, 1, 21:

    si quid est, quod ad testes reservet, ibi nos quoque paratiores reperiet,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 82:

    ibi fortunae veniam damus,

    in that case, Juv. 11, 176:

    huic ab adulescentia bella intestina, caedes, rapinae, discordia civilis grata fuere, ibique juventutem suam exercuit,

    in these things, Sall. C. 5, 2; Quint. 2, 2, 12:

    non poterat ibi esse quaestio,

    id. 7, 1, 5:

    subsensi illos ibi esse et id agere inter se clanculum,

    to be at it, busy about it, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 63:

    ibi esse,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 30; cf.:

    cecinere vates, cujus civitatis eam civis Dianae immolasset, ibi fore imperium,

    i. e. in that state, Liv. 1, 45, 5:

    ibi imperium fore, unde victoria fuerit,

    id. 1, 24, 2:

    et interdum in sanctionibus adicitur, ut qui ibi aliquid commisit, capite puniatur, i. e. in his sanctionibus,

    Dig. 1, 8, 9, § 3.—
    2.
    Of persons, in or with him or her (very rare): duxi uxorem;

    quam ibi miseriam vidi!

    Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 13 (cf.: ibi inquit, quasi uxor locus sit, Don. ad loc.); cf.:

    nil ibi majorum respectus,

    Juv. 8, 64.—
    3.
    Esp., law t. t.: tunc ibi, then and there, in the state of affairs then existing:

    de eo, quaque ille tunc ibi habuit, tantummodo, intra annum... judicium dabo,

    Dig. 43, 16, 1 praef.; cf.: ibi autem ait praetor, ut ne quis et quae illic non habuit, complectatur, ib. § 37 sq.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ibi

  • 26 Alpheos

    Alphēus (trisyl.) or Alphēŏs, i, m., = Alpheios, the chief river in the Peloponnesus, now Rufia. It rises in the southern part of Arcadia, not far from Asea, unites with the Eurotas, and then losing itself under ground, makes its appearance again in Megalopolis. It afterwards flows, in a north-west direction, through Arcadia to Elis, and then turns west from Olympia, and falls into the Ionian Sea. At its mouth there was a grove consecrated to Diana or Alphiusa (Mann. Greece, 467 sq. 503). Its disappearance under ground gives occasion for the fable that it flows under the sea, and appearing again in Sicily, mingles with the waters of Arethusa.—Hence personified as the lover of the nymph Arethusa, Ov. M. 2, 250; 5, 599; id. Am. 3, 6, 29 (cf. Verg. E. 10, 1 sqq.).—Hence. Alphēus, a, um. adj., = Alpheios, of or pertaining to the Alpheus:

    Alpheae Pisae, founded by a colony from Pisa, in Elis, on the river Alpheus,

    Verg. A. 10, 179:

    Alpheae ripae,

    Claud. B. Get. 575.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Alpheos

  • 27 Alpheus

    Alphēus (trisyl.) or Alphēŏs, i, m., = Alpheios, the chief river in the Peloponnesus, now Rufia. It rises in the southern part of Arcadia, not far from Asea, unites with the Eurotas, and then losing itself under ground, makes its appearance again in Megalopolis. It afterwards flows, in a north-west direction, through Arcadia to Elis, and then turns west from Olympia, and falls into the Ionian Sea. At its mouth there was a grove consecrated to Diana or Alphiusa (Mann. Greece, 467 sq. 503). Its disappearance under ground gives occasion for the fable that it flows under the sea, and appearing again in Sicily, mingles with the waters of Arethusa.—Hence personified as the lover of the nymph Arethusa, Ov. M. 2, 250; 5, 599; id. Am. 3, 6, 29 (cf. Verg. E. 10, 1 sqq.).—Hence. Alphēus, a, um. adj., = Alpheios, of or pertaining to the Alpheus:

    Alpheae Pisae, founded by a colony from Pisa, in Elis, on the river Alpheus,

    Verg. A. 10, 179:

    Alpheae ripae,

    Claud. B. Get. 575.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Alpheus

  • 28 tunc

        tunc adv. demonstr., of time    [tum+ce].—Of time past, then, at that time, just then, on that occasion: ubi tunc eras?: tunc duces Nerviorum... conloqui sese velle dicunt, Cs.: iam Horatius secundam pugnam petebat. tunc clamore... adiuvant militem suum, just then, L.: urbs (Corinthus) erat tunc praeclara ante excidium, L.— Opposed to present time: eā lege quae tunc erat Sempronia, nunc est Cornelia: cur privati non damus remiges, sicut tunc dedimus? L.—Of time present, now, at this time (only in nar. obliq. for nunc): quod si consulatūs tanta dulcedo sit, iam tunc ita in animum inducant, consulatum captum ab tribuniciā potestate esse, L.—Of time future, then, at that time, in that event: tunc illud vexillum... coloniae Capuae inferetur; tunc contra hanc Romam illa altera Roma quaeretur: Tunc piger ad nandum, tunc ego cautus ero, O.—Of succession in time, then, thereupon, forthwith, just afterwards, accordingly, consequently: Herodotus cum Romā revertitur, offendit eum mensem qui consequitur mensem comitialem. tunc Cephaloeditani decrerunt intercalarium XXXV dies longum: is finis pugnae equestris fuit. tunc adorti peditum aciem, nuntios mittunt, L.: animadversum est, extra consuetudinem longius a vallo esse aciem Pompei progressum. tunc Caesar apud suos ‘Di<*> ferendum est’ inquit ‘iter,’ etc., Cs.: ipse quoque longinquo morbo est inplicatus, tunc adeo fracti simul cum corpore sunt spiritūs illi feroces ut, etc., L.—Fig., of succession in thought, cum... tunc (cf. cum... tum), while... in particular, both... and above all: Vivendum recte est cum propter plurima, tunc est Idcirco, etc., Iu.—Esp., referring to a temporal clause, with cum.—Of coincidence of definite time, tunc... cum, or cum... tunc, just at the time when, just when, then... when: quo damnato tunc, cum iudicia fiebant, HS IV milibus lis aestimata est: ille eo tempore paruit cum necesse erat; vos tunc paruistis cum paruit nemo, etc.: Infelix Dido, nunc te facta impia tangunt? Tunc decuit cum sceptra dabas, V. (Rib. tum): cum iam adpropinquantium forma lemborum haud dubia esset... tunc iniecta trepidatio, L.—Of indefinite time, tunc... cum, at a time when, only when, whenever: ‘arbitror,’ quo nos etiam tunc utimur cum ea dicimus iurati, etc.— With ubi, then, at once, forthwith, thereupon: ad quod bellum ubi consules dilectum habere occipiunt, obstare tunc enixe tribuni, L.—With quando, whenever (rare), C.—With an abl absol., then, thereupon, forthwith: legatis auditis, tunc de bello referre sese Aemilius dixit, L.—Fig., in a conclusion after si, then, therefore, consequently, in that case: si se exstinxisset, tunc victorem ausurum, etc., L.—In particular phrases, iam tunc, even at that time, as soon as that: nisi iam tunc omnia negotia diligentissime confecissem.—Tunc demum, not until then, then only, then at last, as late as that: tunc demum nuntius missus ad tertiam legionem revocandam, L.: tunc demum pectora plangi Contigit, O.—Tunc primum, then for the first time, then first, not till then: quia tunc primum superbiae nobilitatis obviam itum est, S.: tunc primum circo, qui nunc maximus dicitur, designatus locus est, L.—Tunc vero, then indeed, just then, at that crisis: in perturbatos iam hostīs equos inmittunt. tunc vero Celtiberi omnes in fugam effunduntur, L.—Tunc quidem, at that time: et tunc quidem Perseus copias reduxit; postero die, etc., L.—Tunc cum maxime, just then, precisely at that time: hospitem tunc cum maxime utilia suadentem abstrahi iussit, Cu.—Tunc quoque, also then, then too, then likewise, then once morc, even then: Saepe legit flores; et tunc quoque forte legebat, O.: quin nisi... ingens accipienda clades fuerit. tunc quoque ad extremum periculi ventum est, even as it was, L.
    * * *
    then, thereupon, at that time

    Latin-English dictionary > tunc

  • 29 contraho

    con-trăho, xi, ctum, 3, v. a., to draw or bring several objects together, to collect, assemble (freq. and class.).
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    Lit. (syn. colligo;

    opp. dissipo): quae in rerum naturā constarent quaeque moverentur, ea contrahere amicitiam, dissipare discordiam,

    Cic. Lael. 7, 24:

    cohortes ex finitimis regionibus,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 15:

    exercitum in unum locum,

    id. B. G. 1, 34; cf.:

    omnes copias Luceriam,

    Cic. Att. 8, 1, 2; and:

    omnia in unum locum,

    id. ib. 8, 11, B, 3:

    omnes copias eo,

    Nep. Ages. 3, 1:

    navibus circiter LXXX. coactis, contractisque,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 22; cf.:

    magnam classem,

    Nep. Con. 4, 4:

    naves,

    Suet. Calig. 19:

    agrestes,

    Ov. F. 4, 811:

    captivos,

    Liv. 37, 44, 3:

    utrumque ad colloquium,

    id. 28, 18, 2:

    undique libros,

    Suet. Aug. 31; cf.

    exemplaria,

    id. Gram. 24:

    muscas in manu,

    Plin. 12, 25, 54, § 122; cf.

    serpentes,

    id. 28, 9, 42, § 151: ii, qui in idem (collegium) contracti fuerint, Traj. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 34 (43), 1—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To bring about, carry into effect, accomplish, execute, get, contract, occasion, cause, produce, make, etc. (very freq.):

    amicitiam,

    Cic. Lael. 14, 48:

    vinculum amicitiae,

    Val. Max. 4, 7 init.:

    aliquid litigii,

    Plaut. Cas. 3, 2, 31; cf.

    lites,

    id. Capt. prol. 63: qui hoc [p. 458] mihi contraxit, id. Cas. 3, 2, 21; cf.:

    negotium mihi,

    Cic. Cat. 4, 5, 9; and:

    numinis iram mihi (arte),

    Ov. M. 2, 660:

    bellum Saguntinis,

    Liv. 24, 42, 11:

    aliquid damni,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 30, 91:

    molestias,

    id. Fam. 2, 16, 5; cf. Sall. H. 2, 41, 8 Dietsch:

    aes alienum,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8, § 25:

    causam certaminis,

    Liv. 22, 28, 4; cf.

    certamen,

    id. 23, 26, 11; 25, 34, 10 al.:

    necessitates ad bellum,

    id. 44, 27, 12:

    culpam,

    to incur, Cic. Att. 11, 24, 1 al.:

    cruditatem,

    Quint. 7, 3, 38; cf. id. 2, 10, 6:

    morbum,

    Plin. 30, 8, 21, § 65:

    pestilentiam,

    id. 36, 27, 69, § 202:

    saginam corporis,

    Just. 21, 2:

    causam valetudinis ex profluvio alvi,

    Suet. Aug. 97 fin. et saep.: porca contracta, owed, due, sc. for the expiation of a crime, Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 57 fin. —
    2.
    In the lang. of business, t. t., to make a contract, conclude a bargain, to contract:

    rationem, rem cum illo,

    Cic. Clu. 14, 41; cf. id. Off. 1, 17, 53; id. Sull. 20, 56; id. Att. 7, 7, 7:

    in tribuendo suum cuique et rerum contractarum fide,

    id. Off. 1, 5, 14:

    ex rebus contrahendis,

    id. ib. 3, 15, 61:

    in contrahendis negotiis,

    id. ib. 2, 11, 40:

    adfinitas inter Caesarem et Pompeium contracta nuptiis,

    Vell. 2, 44, 3 et saep.—
    b.
    Transf. beyond the sphere of business:

    cum aliquo,

    to have intercourse with, to associate with, Cic. Off. 1, 2, 4:

    nihil cum populo,

    id. Tusc. 5, 36, 105.—
    II.
    In partic., with the prevailing idea of shortening or diminishing by drawing together (cf.: cogo, colligo, etc.), to draw close or together, to draw in, contract, shorten, narrow, lessen, abridge, diminish (freq. and class.; opp. porrigo, dilato, tendo).
    A.
    Lit.:

    animal omne membra quocumque volt flectit, contorquet, porrigit, contrahit,

    Cic. Div. 1, 53, 120:

    pulmones tum se contrahunt adspirantes, tum intrante spiritu dilatant,

    id. N. D. 2, 55, 136:

    contractum aliquo morbo bovis cor,

    id. Div. 2, 16, 37; cf.:

    se millepeda tactu,

    Plin. 29, 6, 39, § 136:

    bina cornua (opp. protendere),

    id. 9, 32, 51, § 101: collum. Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 41;

    opp. tendere,

    Quint. 11, 3, 82:

    frontem,

    to wrinkle, contract, Cic. Clu. 26, 72; Hor. S. 2, 2, 125:

    supercilia (opp. deducere),

    Quint. 11, 3, 79:

    medium digitum in pollicem,

    id. 11, 3, 92; cf.:

    contractum genibus tangas caput,

    Hor. S. 2, 7, 61:

    gravissimo frigore solus atque contractus vigilabit in lectulo,

    Hier. Ep. 53:

    castra,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 40:

    vela,

    Hor. C. 2, 10, 23; Quint. 12, prooem. § 4; cf. Cic. Att. 1, 16, 2:

    orbem (lunae),

    Ov. M. 15, 198:

    umbras,

    id. ib. 3, 144:

    orationem (with summittere),

    Quint. 11, 1, 45; cf. id. 12, 11, 16:

    tempora dicendi,

    id. 6, 5, 4 et saep.:

    lac,

    to curdle, coagulate, Plin. 23, 7, 63, § 117.—Of bees:

    contracto frigore pigrae ( = contractae frigore pigro),

    Verg. G. 4, 259; cf.:

    pigrum est enim contractumque frigus,

    Sen. Ira, 2, 19, 2:

    horrida tempestas contraxit caelum,

    narrows, Hor. Epod. 13, 1:

    vulnera,

    Plin. 24, 8, 33, § 48; cf.

    cicatrices,

    id. 12, 17, 38, § 77:

    ventrem,

    to stop, check, Cels. 4, 19; cf.

    alvum,

    id. ib.:

    vomitiones,

    Plin. 20, 2, 6, § 11.—
    2.
    Esp., archit. t. t., to narrow, make smaller or tapering:

    columnam,

    Vitr. 4, 3, 4; cf. id. 3, 3, 12; 4, 7, 2:

    pyramis XXIV. gradibus in metae cacumen se contrahens,

    Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 31.—
    B.
    Trop., to draw in, lessen, check, restrain ( = certis limitibus quasi coartare et circumscribere;

    opp. remittere, diffundere): cui non animus formidine divum contrahitur?

    Lucr. 5, 1219; cf.:

    te rogo, ne contrahas ac demittas animum,

    do not suffer your spirits to droop, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 4; and:

    animos varietas sonorum (opp. remittere),

    id. Leg. 2, 15, 38: terram quasi tristitiā (sol;

    opp. laetificas),

    id. N. D. 2, 40, 102:

    ut et bonis amici quasi diffundantur et incommodis contrahantur,

    are made sad, id. Lael. 13, 48 (cf. id. Tusc. 4, 6, 14):

    ex quibus intellegitur, appetitus omnes contrahendos sedandosque,

    id. Off. 1, 29, 103; cf.

    cupidmem,

    Hor. C. 3, 16, 39 et saep. —Hence, contractus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to II.), drawn together into a narrow space, i. e. compressed, contracted, close, short, narrow, abridged, restricted, limited, etc.
    A.
    Lit.:

    tanto contractioribus ultimis digitis,

    Quint. 11, 3, 95:

    nares contractiores habent introitus,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 145:

    contractior ignis,

    smaller, Lucr. 5, 569:

    aequora,

    Hor. C. 3, 1, 33; cf.

    freta,

    Ov. F. 6, 495:

    locus (with exiguus),

    Verg. G. 4, 295:

    Nilus contractior et exilior,

    Plin. Pan. 30, 3: contractiora spatia ordinum, Col. 5, 5, 3.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    Of language, etc.:

    et brevis ambitus verborum,

    Cic. Brut. 44, 162; cf.:

    contractior oratio,

    id. ib. 31, 120:

    propositum dicendi (opp. uberius),

    Quint. 11, 1, 32:

    summissā atque contractā voce (opp. erectā et concitatā),

    id. 11, 3, 175; so,

    vox,

    id. 11, 3, 64: parvum opusculum lucubratum his jam contractioribus noctibus, Cic. Par. prooem. § 5.—
    2.
    In gen.:

    quae studia in his jam aetatibus nostris contractiora esse debent,

    Cic. Cael. 31, 76:

    paupertas,

    stinted, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20 (cf.:

    angusta pauperies,

    id. C. 3, 2, 1);

    in the same sense transf. to the person: ad mare descendet vates tuus et sibi parcet Contractusque leget,

    retired, solitary, id. ib. 1, 7, 12; cf.

    homo,

    Verg. M. 78.— Adv.: contractē, on a contracted scale; only in comp.:

    assuescamus. servis paucioribus serviri, habitare contractius,

    Sen. Tranq. 9, 3; Lact. 2, 8, 39 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > contraho

  • 30 novendialis

    nŏvendĭālis, e, adj. [novem-dies], nine-day, of nine days.
    I.
    That lasts nine days, a nine-days' festival, which was solemnized on the occasion of a prodigy announcing misfortune (esp. a shower of stones):

    novendiale sacrum,

    Liv. 1, 31; 21, 62; 23, 31; 25, 7; 26, 23;

    27, 37 et saep.: sacrificium,

    id. 38, 36, 4:

    novendiales feriae,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 1; cf.: novendiales feriae a numero dierum sunt dictae, Paul. ex Fest. p. 176 Müll.—
    II.
    That takes place on the ninth day; of offerings and feasts for the dead, which were celebrated on the ninth day after the funeral: novendiale dicitur sacrificium quod mortuo fit nonā die quā sepultus est, Porphyr. ad Hor. Epod. 17, 49; cf.: novendialia, ennata epi nekrou agomena, Gloss. Philox.; cf. also Serv. Verg. A. 5, 64.—These solemnities were also called, subst., nŏvendĭal, is, n.:

    nescio utrum inveniatur, alicui sanctorum in Scripturis celebratum esse luctum novem dies, quod apud Latinos novendial appellant,

    Aug. Quaest. in Heptat. 1 Quaest. 172:

    novendialis cena,

    the funeral banquet held on the ninth day, Tac. A. 6, 5:

    Novendiales pulveres ( = recentes),

    Hor. Epod. 17, 48; v. Orell. ad h. 1.—Prov.: exstincto populo etiam novendialis tarde venit, said of one who brings assistance when too late, Ps.-Quint. Decl. 12, 23.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > novendialis

  • 31 ergō (ergo, O.)

       ergō (ergo, O.) subst. and adv.    I. As abl. following a gen, in consequence of, on account of, because of, for the sake of (old): lessum funeris ergo habento, C. (lex): dono militari virtutis ergo donari, L. (SC.): illius ergo, V.—    II. As adv., exactly, precisely: D. Mihin? S. tibi ergo, I mean just you, T.—Consequently, accordingly, therefore, then: Unus homo restituit rem... Ergo viri nunc gloria claret: Aristoteli ea prima visa sunt, ergo nata est sententia, etc.: itaque ergo incenduntur, etc., L. — In a logical conclusion, consequently, therefore: ecquis igitur qui factum improbarit? omnes ergo in culpā: num ergo dubium est quin, etc., i. e. have I not fully proved, etc.—In successive inferences: igitur... ergo... ergo... igitur, C.—In an argument, e contrario, then, therefore, so then, it is true then (always beginning the sentence): ergo illum maiores in civitatem receperunt; nos hunc eiciemus?—In a question asking an explanation, then, do you say? do you mean?: ergo in iis adulescentibus bonam spem esse dicemus, quos? etc.: dedemus ergo Hannibalem? dicet aliquis, L.: cum, quid ergo se facere vellent, percunctarentur, L.—With quid, why then?: Quid vos malum ergo me sic ludificamini? T.—In the phrase, quid ergo? what then? what follows?: quid ergo? inimici oratio me movit?: quid ergo? audacissimus ego?: quid ergo est? how then does the case stand?—In a command or exhortation, then, now, accordingly: vide ergo, hanc conclusionem probaturusne sis: desinite ergo loqui, Cs.—In resuming a thought, as I was saying; I say, then; well then: tres viae sunt ad Mutinam... tres ergo ut dixi viae.—In beginning a speech, then, now (i. e. as the occasion requires): accipite ergo animis, V.

    Latin-English dictionary > ergō (ergo, O.)

  • 32 opus

        opus eris, n    [2 AP-], work, labor, toil: Quod in opere faciundo operae consumis tuae, in doing your work, T.: grave Martis, military service, V.: (Graeci) opus quaerunt, seek (literary) employment: Sunt quibus unum opus est urbem celebrare, H.: magnum: dies Longa videtur opus debentibus, H.: naturā et opere munitus, art, Cs.—A product of labor, work, structure, public building, fortification: opere castrorum perfecto, Cs.: opus fieri (of a wall), N.: Mutinam operibus munitionibusque saepsit: Regis opus (of a harbor), H.—A work, book, composition, essay: habeo opus magnum in manibus: Fac opus appareat: ultra Legem tendere opus, H.—Artistic work, workmanship, art: quarum iste non opere delectabatur, sed pondere: haec omnia antiquo opere.—A deed, action, achievement: Hoc virtutis opus, V.—Abl. in adverb. phrases, māgnō opere, tantō opere, quantō opere, see māgnōpere, tantōpere, quantōpere.—Rarely with nimio: haec opera Graecos homines nimio opere delectant, excessively.—A working, effect: opus meae bis sensit Telephus hastae, O.—The subject of work, stuff, material: Seu digitis subigebat opus, O.—Fig., in nom. and acc. in phrases with the verb sum, work, business, need, want, necessity: longius, quam quoad opus est, procedetur, than the occasion requires: Sic opus est, O.: quae bello opus erant, S.: dux nobis et auctor opus est, we need a leader: omnia, quae tibi essent opus: quod ipsi opus esse videretur, censere, expedient: quorsum est opus? what for? H.: quae curando volneri opus sunt, L.: magistratibus opus est, there is need of: Cognati, quīs te salvo est opus, to whom your safety is important, H.: haud mihi vitā Est opus hac, I have no business with, etc., H.: Plus scis quid facto opus est, what must be done, T.: tantum modo incepto opus est, to make a beginning, S.: maturato opus est, haste is necessary, L.: ita dictu opus est, I must say, T.: quanti argenti opus fuit, L.: quid opus est de Dionysio adfirmare?: dixit id consilium sciri non opus esse, inexpedient: nil opus est te Circumagi, H.
    * * *
    need; work; fortifications (pl.), works

    opus est -- is useful, beneficial

    Latin-English dictionary > opus

  • 33 Meditrinalia

    Mĕdĭtrīnālĭa, ĭum, n. [Meditrina], a festival celebrated on the 11 th of October in honor of Meditrina (on which occasion [p. 1125] a libation of new wine was made for the first time):

    Octobri mense Meditrinalia dies dictus a medendo, quod Flaccus flamen Martialis dicebat, hoc die solitum vinum novum et vetus libari et degustari medicamenti causā: quod facere solent etiam nunc multi cum dicant: Novum vetus vinum libo: novo veteri vino morbo medeor,

    Varr. L. L. 6, § 21 Müll.: Meditrinalia dicta hac de causa. Mos erat Latinis populis, quo die quis primum gustaret mustum, dicere ominis gratiā: vetus novum vinum bibo, veteri novo morbo medeor. A quibus verbis etiam Meditrinae deae nomen conceptum ejusque sacra Meditrinalia dicta sunt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 123, 15 Müll.; v. also Calend. Maff. et Amit. in Inscr. Orell. 2, p. 400.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Meditrinalia

  • 34 misceo

    miscĕo, miscŭi, mixtum (mistum is found in many MSS. and edd., but is probably a corruption of copyists, representing the weakened sound of x in later times; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 556), 2, v. a. [root mik-, mig-; Sanscr. micras, mixed; Gr. misgô, mignumi; cf. miscellus], to mix, mingle, to intermingle, blend (for the difference between this word and temperare, v. below, II. A.; cf. confundo).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.; with abl.:

    (sortes) pueri manu miscentur,

    Cic. Div. 2, 41, 86:

    toxicum antidoto,

    Phaedr. 1, 14, 8:

    mella Falerno,

    Hor. S. 2, 4, 24:

    vina Surrentina faece Falernā,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 55:

    pabula sale,

    Col. 6, 4:

    nectare aquas,

    Ov. H. 16, 198.— With dat.:

    dulce amarumque mihi,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 61:

    fletum cruori,

    Ov. M. 4, 140; Col. 7, 5:

    inter curalium virides miscere smaragdos,

    Lucr. 2, 805:

    cumque meis lacrimis miscuit usque suas,

    Ov. P. 1, 9, 20. —
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To join one's self to, have carnal intercourse with one:

    corpus cum aliquā,

    Cic. Div. 1, 29, 60.—With dat.:

    sic se tibi misceat,

    Ov. M. 13, 866:

    cum aliquo misceri in Venerem,

    App. M. 9, p. 228, 16:

    sanguinem et genus,

    to intermarry, Liv. 1, 9, 4.—
    2.
    To mix, prepare a drink:

    alteri miscere mulsum,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 5, 17; Ov. Am. 1, 4, 29:

    Veientana mihi misces,

    Mart. 3, 49, 1:

    pocula alicui,

    Ov. M. 10, 160:

    lurida terribiles miscent aconita novercae,

    id. ib. 1, 147; cf.: miscenda Cum Styge vina bibas, = you shall die, id. ib. 12, 321:

    nullis aconita propinquis miscuit (Orestes),

    Juv. 8, 219.—
    3.
    Miscere se, or misceri, to mingle with others, to unite, assemble:

    miscet (se) viris,

    Verg. A. 1, 440:

    se partibus alicujus,

    Vell. 2, 86, 3:

    ipsa ad praetoria densae Miscentur,

    assemble, Verg. G. 4, 75.—
    4.
    Miscere manus or proelia, to join battle, engage ( poet.):

    miscere manus,

    Prop. 2, 20, 66:

    proelia dura,

    id. 4, 1, 28;

    hence, vulnera,

    to inflict wounds on each other, Verg. A. 12, 720.—
    5.
    Of storms, to throw into confusion, to disturb, confound, embroil ( poet.):

    caelum terramque,

    Verg. A. 1, 134:

    magno misceri murmure pontum,

    id. ib. 1, 124:

    miscent se maria,

    id. ib. 9, 714.—Hence, of persons, to raise a great commotion, make a prodigious disturbance, to move heaven and earth:

    caelum ac terras,

    Liv. 4, 3, 6:

    quis caelum terris non misceat et mare caelo,

    Juv. 2, 25; cf.:

    mare caelo confundere,

    id. 6, 282. —
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to mix, mingle, unite, etc.:

    dulce amarumque una nunc misces mihi,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 63: miscent inter sese inimicitiam agitantes, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 275 Vahl.):

    animum alicujus cum suo miscere,

    Cic. Lael. 21, 81:

    gravitate mixtus lepos,

    id. Rep. 2, 1, 1:

    misce Ergo aliquid de nostris moribus,

    Juv. 14, 322:

    ex dissimillimis rebus misceri et temperari,

    Cic. Off. 3, 33, 119; cf.

    , joined with temperare,

    id. Or. 58, 197;

    also opp. to temperare, since miscere signifies merely to mix, but temperare to mix in due proportion: haec ita mixta fuerunt, ut temperata nullo fuerint modo,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 23, 42.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To share with, impart to another; to take part in, share in a thing (rare and perhaps not ante-Aug.):

    cum amico omnes curas, omnes cogitationes tuas misce,

    share, Sen. Ep. 3, 3:

    se negotiis,

    to take part in, engage in, Dig. 26, 7, 39, § 11:

    administrationi,

    ib. 27, 1, 17, § 5:

    paternae hereditati,

    ib. 29, 2, 42, § 3. —
    2.
    (Acc. to I. B. 5.).
    a.
    To throw into confusion, to embroil, disturb (class.): om [p. 1150] nia infima summis paria fecit, turbavit, miscuit, Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 19:

    rem publicam malis concionibus,

    id. Agr. 2, 33, 91:

    coetus,

    Tac. A. 1, 16:

    animorum motus dicendo,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 51, 220:

    anima, quae res humanas miscuit olim,

    Juv. 10, 163.—
    b.
    To stir up, occasion, excite, rouse:

    ego nova quaedam misceri et concitari mala jam pridem videbam,

    stirred up, devised, Cic. Cat. 4, 3, 6:

    seditiones,

    Tac. H. 4, 68 fin. —
    3.
    Misceri aliquo, to be changed into:

    mixtus Enipeo Taenarius deus,

    Prop. 1, 13, 21.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > misceo

  • 35 caussa

        caussa    see causa.
    * * *
    I
    for the sake/purpose of (preceded by GEN.), on account of, with a view to
    II
    cause/reason/motive; origin, source, derivation; responsibility/blame; symptom; occasion, subject; plea, position; lawsuit, case, trial; proviso/stipulation

    Latin-English dictionary > caussa

  • 36 locum

    lŏcus (old form stlocus, like stlis for lis, Quint. 1, 4, 16), i, m. ( lŏcum, i, n., Inscr. ap. Grut. 129, 14; plur. loci, single places; loca, places connected with each other, a region; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 666 sq., and v. infra), a place, spot.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    adsedistis in festivo loco,

    i. e. the theatre, Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 83:

    locum sibi velle liberum praeberier, ubi nequam faciat clam,

    id. Poen. 1, 1, 49; 3, 3, 44; cf.

    3, 2, 25: omnes copias in unum locum convenire,

    Cic. Att. 8, 16, 2:

    Galli qui ea loca incolerent,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 4:

    locorum situm naturam regionis nosse,

    Liv. 22, 38:

    Romae per omnes locos,

    Sall. J. 32:

    facere alicui locum in turba,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 210:

    ex loco superiore agere, of an orator speaking from the rostra, or of a judge pronouncing judgment: de loco superiore dicere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 102:

    ex aequo loco, of one speaking in the Senate or conversing with another: et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habiti,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

    ex inferiore loco,

    to speak before a judge, id. de Or. 3, 6, 23: primus locus aedium, a dwelling on the ground-floor, Nep. praef. 6.— A post, position: loco movere, to drive from a place or post, Ter. Phorm. prol. 32; so,

    loco deicere,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 30:

    loco cedere,

    to give way, abandon one's post, retire, Sall. C. 9; Caes. B. G. 1, 15.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    A place, seat, in the theatre, the circus, or the forum:

    Servi ne obsideant, liberis ut sit locus,

    room, seats, Plaut. Cas. prol. 23.—

    Esp. the place assigned by the Senate to foreign ambassadors: locum ad spectandum dare,

    Cic. Mur. 35, 73; 34, 72; so Liv. 30, 17. — Plur. loca, Liv. 34, 44, 5; Vell. 2, 32, 3; Suet. Claud. 21; id. Ner. 11; Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 21.—But plur. loci, Tac. A. 15, 32.—
    2.
    So of the lodging, quarters, place of abode assigned to foreign ambassadors for their residence:

    locus inde lautiaque legatis praeberi jussa,

    Liv. 28, 39, 19; 30, 17, 14; 42, 26, 5; Symm. Ep. 4, 56; Sid. Ep. 8, 12:

    loca lautia,

    App. M. 3, p. 140, 30.—
    3.
    A piece or part of an estate:

    stricte loquendo locus non est fundus sed pars aliqua fundi,

    Dig. 50, 16, 60:

    locus certus ex fundo possideri potest,

    ib. 41, 2, 26.—
    4.
    A place, spot, locality; a country region: hau longe abesse oportet homines hinc;

    ita hic lepidust locus,

    Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 35:

    nunc hoc ubi abstrudam cogito solum locum,

    id. Aul. 4, 6, 7:

    non hoc ut oppido praeposui, sed ut loco,

    Cic. Att. 7, 3, 10; Verg. A. 1, 530; Caes. B. G. 5, 12.— Poet. of the inhabitants of a place, a neighborhood:

    numina vicinorum odit uterque locus,

    Juv. 15, 37.—Of a place where a city once stood, a site:

    locus Pherae,

    Plin. 4, 5, 6, § 13:

    locus Buprasium, Hyrmine,

    id. ib.; cf. Ov. F. 2, 280.— Plur. rarely loci:

    quos locos adiisti,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 86:

    locos tenere,

    Liv. 5, 35, 1:

    occupare,

    Sall. J. 18, 4; 76, 1; Lucr. 4, 509; Verg. A. 1, 306; 2, 28; Prop. 4 (5), 8, 22; Tac. A. 1, 61; 13, 36; Suet. Tib. 43.—Usually loca:

    loca haec circiter,

    Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 8:

    venisse in illa loca,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 2, 5; id. Fin. 5, 1, 2 sq.; Caes. B. G. 2, 4, 2; Lucr. 1, 373; 2, 146; Cat. 9, 7; 63, 3; Sall. J. 18, 11; 54, 3; Verg. G. 2, 140; id. A. 1, 51; 2, 495; Hor. C. 1, 22, 7; Tib. 4, 1, 97; Ov. M. 10, 29; Liv. 1, 1, 5; 1, 5, 2; 1, 6, 4 et saep.—
    5.
    In war [p. 1075] or battle, a post, station (plur. loca):

    tum loca sorte legunt,

    Verg. A. 5, 132:

    loca jussa tenere,

    id. ib. 10, 238:

    loca servare,

    Amm. 25, 6, 14.—
    6.
    Loci and loca, of parts of the body:

    loci nervosi,

    Cels. 5, 26, 26.—Esp.:

    muliebres,

    Varr. L. L. 5, 2, 15; and without adj., in females, the womb:

    si ea lotio locos fovebit,

    Cato, R. R. 157, 11:

    cum in locis semen insederit,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 51; Cels. 2, 8. —Of animals, Col. 6, 27, 10.—Of birds, Col. 8, 11, 8; Lucr. 14, 1246; Plin. 11, 37, 84, § 209; Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 17:

    genitalia,

    Col. 7, 7, 4; cf. id. 8, 7, 2; 8, 11, 8;

    in males,

    Lucr. 4, 1034; 4, 1045.—
    7.
    Communis locus,
    (α).
    The place of the dead:

    qui nunc abierunt hinc in communem locum,

    Plaut. Cas. prol. 19.—
    (β).
    A public place:

    Sthenius... qui oppidum non maximum maximis ex pecunia sua locis communibus monumentisque decoravit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 46, § 112.—
    8.
    A burial-place, grave; very freq. in epitaphs; v. Inscr. Orell. 8; 4499; 4500 sq.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    A topic of discussion or thought; a matter, subject, point, head or division of a subject.
    1.
    In gen.:

    cum fundamentum esset philosophiae positum in finibus bonorum, perpurgatus est is locus a nobis quinque libris,

    Cic. Div. 2, 1, 2:

    Theophrastus cum tractat locos ab Aristotele ante tractatos,

    id. Fin. 1, 2, 6:

    hic locus, de natura usuque verborum,

    id. Or. 48, 162:

    philosophiae noti et tractati loci,

    id. ib. 33, 118:

    ex quattuor locis in quos honesti naturam vimque divisimus,

    id. Off. 1, 6, 18; id. Inv. 2, 3, 11; 2, 5, 16; 2, 8, 26 et saep.; Quint. 2, 4, 27; 2, 11, 6; 5, 8, 4; Juv. 6, 245; Tac. Or. 31.—
    2.
    Esp.: loci, the grounds of proof, the points on which proofs are founded or from which they are deduced:

    cum pervestigare argumentum aliquod volumus, locos nosse debemus,

    Cic. Top. 2, 7; id. de Or. 1, 13, 56; 3, 55, 210:

    traditi sunt ex quibus argumenta ducantur duplices loci,

    id. Or. 35; so sing.:

    itaque licet definire, locum esse argumenti sedem,

    id. Top. 2.—
    3.
    Esp.: loci communes, general arguments, which do not grow out of the particular facts of a case, but are applicable to any class of cases:

    pars (argumentorum) est pervagatior et aut in omnis ejusdem generis aut in plerasque causas adcommodata: haec ergo argumenta, quae transferri in multas causas possunt, locos communis nominamus,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 14, 47 sq.; cf. the passage at length; id. ib. 2, 16, 50 sq.; 2, 18, 56; Auct. Her. 3, 8, 15; Quint. 2, 1, 9; 3, 1, 12; 5, 1, 3; 5, 13, 57 al.— Sing.:

    vix ullus est tam communis locus, qui possit cohaerere cum causa, nisi aliquo proprio quaestionis vinculo copulatus,

    Quint. 2, 4, 30:

    locus, for communis locus,

    id. 4, 2, 117; 5, 7, 32.—
    B.
    A passage in a book or author; plur. loci (Zumpt, Gram. §

    99): locos quosdam transferam,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 7; Quint. 1, 1, 36; 1, 4, 4; 5, 13, 42; 6, 3, 36; Tac. Or. 22:

    locos Lucreti plurimos sectare,

    Gell. 1, 21, 7;

    but rarely loca: loca jam recitata,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 223; Amm. 29, 2, 8.—
    C.
    Room, opportunity, cause, occasion, place, time, etc., for any thing:

    et cognoscendi et ignoscendi dabitur peccati locus,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 6:

    avaritia paululum aliquid loci rationi et consilio dedisset,

    Cic. Quint. 16, 53:

    de tuo in me animo iniquis secus existimandi videris nonnihil dedisse loci,

    to have given occasion, cause, reason, id. Fam. 3, 6, 6:

    dare suspicioni locum,

    id. Cael. 4, 9:

    dare locum dubitationis,

    id. Balb. 6, 16; Val. Fl. 4, 451: locum habere, to find a place:

    qui dolorem summum malum dicit, apud eum, quem locum habet fortitudo?

    Cic. Off. 3, 33, 117:

    in hoc altero dicacitatis quid habet ars loci?

    id. de Or. 2, 54, 219; so,

    locus est alicui rei: legi Aquiliae locus est adversus te,

    Dig. 9, 2, 27; cf.:

    huic edicto locus est,

    ib. 37, 10, 6; cf.:

    meritis vacat hic tibi locus,

    Verg. A. 11, 179:

    cum defendendi negandive non est locus,

    Quint. 5, 13, 8:

    quaerendi,

    id. 3, 8, 21.—Also in the sense of there is place for any thing, it finds acceptance:

    in poëtis non Homero soli locus est aut Archilocho, etc.,

    Cic. Or. 1, 4:

    si in mea familiaritate locus esset nemini nisi, etc.,

    id. Planc. 33, 82:

    maledicto nihil loci est,

    id. Mur. 5, 12: locum non relinquere, to leave no room for, not to admit, to exclude:

    vita turpis ne morti quidem honestae locum relinquit,

    id. Quint. 15, 49; so,

    nec precibus nostris nec admonitionibus relinquit locum,

    id. Fam. 1, 1, 2: nancisci locum, to find occasion:

    nactus locum resecandae libidinis,

    id. Att. 1, 18, 2:

    valde gaudeo, si est nunc ullus gaudendi locus,

    id. ib. 9, 7, 6.—
    D.
    In aliquo loco esse, to be in any place, position, situation, condition, state, relation:

    si ego in istoc siem loco, dem potius aurum, quam, etc.,

    position, place, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 116:

    tanta ibi copia venustatum aderat, in suo quaeque loco sita munde,

    id. Poen. 5, 4, 8:

    in uxoris loco habere,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 52:

    in liberūm loco esse,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 49, 200; id. Planc. 11, 28; id. Brut. 1, 1; but more freq. without in:

    is si eo loco esset, negavit se facturum,

    id. Fam. 4, 4, 4:

    eodem loco esse,

    Sen. Ben. 3, 8, 2; 7, 14, 6.—Esp. with a gen.:

    parentis loco esse,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61:

    hostium loco esse,

    Liv. 2, 4, 7:

    fratris loco esse,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 3, 1; 7, 3, 6; Quint. 6, 1, 7:

    nec vero hic locus est, ut, etc.,

    not the proper occasion, Cic. Tusc. 4, 1, 1; id. Rosc. Am. 12, 33.— Hence, loco or in loco, at the right place or time, seasonably, suitably:

    posuisti loco versus Attianos,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 4:

    epistolae non in loco redditae,

    id. ib. 11, 16, 1:

    dulce est desipere in loco,

    Hor. C. 4, 12, 28; so,

    locis: non insurgit locis? non figuris gaudet?

    Quint. 12, 10, 23:

    quo res summa loco?

    in what condition? Verg. A. 2, 322:

    quo sit fortuna loco,

    id. ib. 9, 723:

    quo sit Romana loco res,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 25:

    quo tua sit fortuna loco,

    Stat. Th. 7, 558:

    missis nuntiis, quo loco res essent,

    Liv. 2, 47, 5:

    primo loco,

    in the first place, first in order, Juv. 5, 12.—Freq. as a partit. gen.:

    quo loci for quo loco,

    Cic. Att. 8, 10; id. Div. 2, 66:

    eo loci for eo loco,

    id. Sest. 31, 68; Tac. A. 15, 74:

    eodem loci,

    Suet. Calig. 53:

    ubi loci,

    Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 26:

    ibidem loci,

    id. Cist. 3, 1, 53:

    interea loci for interea,

    meanwhile, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 46:

    postea loci,

    after that, afterwards, Sall. J. 102:

    ubicumque locorum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 34:

    adhuc locorum,

    hitherto, Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 25:

    ad id locorum,

    to that time, till then, hitherto, Sall. J. 63, 6; 73, 2; Liv. 22, 38, 12:

    post id locorum,

    after that, thereupon, Plaut. Cas. 1, 32:

    inde loci,

    since then, Lucr. 5, 437.—
    E.
    Place, position, degree, rank, order, office, of persons or things:

    summus locus civitatis,

    Cic. Clu. 55, 150:

    tua dignitas suum locum obtinebit,

    id. Fam. 3, 9, 2:

    quem locum apud ipsum Caesarem obtinuisti?

    id. Phil. 2, 29, 71:

    res erat et causa nostra eo jam loci, ut, etc.,

    id. Sest. 31, 68:

    Socrates voluptatem nullo loco numerat,

    id. Fin. 2, 28, 90:

    codem loco habere, quo, etc.,

    id. Prov. Cons. 17, 41; Caes. B. G. 1, 26, 6; 7, 77, 3; id. B. C. 1, 84, 2:

    indignantes eodem se loco esse, quo, etc.,

    Liv. 42, 37, 8:

    sed esto, neque melius quod invenimus esse, neque par, est certe proximus locus,

    Quint. 10, 5, 6:

    erat ordine proximus locus,

    id. 7, 3, 36:

    humili loco,

    id. 4, 2, 2.— Plur. loca:

    ut patricii recuperarent duo consularia loca,

    Liv. 10, 15, 8:

    quinque augurum loca,

    id. 10, 8, 3; 42, 34, 15:

    omnia loca obtinuere, ne cui plebeio aditus esset,

    id. 4, 57, 11; Tac. A. 2, 55:

    Vesta loca prima tenet,

    Ov. F. 6, 304.—Esp. of birth:

    infimo loco natus,

    Cic. Fl. 11, 24:

    esse summo loco natus,

    id. Planc. 25, 60:

    Tanaquil summo loco nata,

    Liv. 1, 34.—
    F.
    Loco, adverbially, in the place of, instead of, for:

    criminis loco putant esse, quod vivam,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 6:

    haec filium suum sibi praemii loco deposcit,

    id. Inv. 2, 49, 144.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > locum

  • 37 locus

    lŏcus (old form stlocus, like stlis for lis, Quint. 1, 4, 16), i, m. ( lŏcum, i, n., Inscr. ap. Grut. 129, 14; plur. loci, single places; loca, places connected with each other, a region; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 666 sq., and v. infra), a place, spot.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    adsedistis in festivo loco,

    i. e. the theatre, Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 83:

    locum sibi velle liberum praeberier, ubi nequam faciat clam,

    id. Poen. 1, 1, 49; 3, 3, 44; cf.

    3, 2, 25: omnes copias in unum locum convenire,

    Cic. Att. 8, 16, 2:

    Galli qui ea loca incolerent,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 4:

    locorum situm naturam regionis nosse,

    Liv. 22, 38:

    Romae per omnes locos,

    Sall. J. 32:

    facere alicui locum in turba,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 210:

    ex loco superiore agere, of an orator speaking from the rostra, or of a judge pronouncing judgment: de loco superiore dicere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 102:

    ex aequo loco, of one speaking in the Senate or conversing with another: et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habiti,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

    ex inferiore loco,

    to speak before a judge, id. de Or. 3, 6, 23: primus locus aedium, a dwelling on the ground-floor, Nep. praef. 6.— A post, position: loco movere, to drive from a place or post, Ter. Phorm. prol. 32; so,

    loco deicere,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 30:

    loco cedere,

    to give way, abandon one's post, retire, Sall. C. 9; Caes. B. G. 1, 15.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    A place, seat, in the theatre, the circus, or the forum:

    Servi ne obsideant, liberis ut sit locus,

    room, seats, Plaut. Cas. prol. 23.—

    Esp. the place assigned by the Senate to foreign ambassadors: locum ad spectandum dare,

    Cic. Mur. 35, 73; 34, 72; so Liv. 30, 17. — Plur. loca, Liv. 34, 44, 5; Vell. 2, 32, 3; Suet. Claud. 21; id. Ner. 11; Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 21.—But plur. loci, Tac. A. 15, 32.—
    2.
    So of the lodging, quarters, place of abode assigned to foreign ambassadors for their residence:

    locus inde lautiaque legatis praeberi jussa,

    Liv. 28, 39, 19; 30, 17, 14; 42, 26, 5; Symm. Ep. 4, 56; Sid. Ep. 8, 12:

    loca lautia,

    App. M. 3, p. 140, 30.—
    3.
    A piece or part of an estate:

    stricte loquendo locus non est fundus sed pars aliqua fundi,

    Dig. 50, 16, 60:

    locus certus ex fundo possideri potest,

    ib. 41, 2, 26.—
    4.
    A place, spot, locality; a country region: hau longe abesse oportet homines hinc;

    ita hic lepidust locus,

    Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 35:

    nunc hoc ubi abstrudam cogito solum locum,

    id. Aul. 4, 6, 7:

    non hoc ut oppido praeposui, sed ut loco,

    Cic. Att. 7, 3, 10; Verg. A. 1, 530; Caes. B. G. 5, 12.— Poet. of the inhabitants of a place, a neighborhood:

    numina vicinorum odit uterque locus,

    Juv. 15, 37.—Of a place where a city once stood, a site:

    locus Pherae,

    Plin. 4, 5, 6, § 13:

    locus Buprasium, Hyrmine,

    id. ib.; cf. Ov. F. 2, 280.— Plur. rarely loci:

    quos locos adiisti,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 86:

    locos tenere,

    Liv. 5, 35, 1:

    occupare,

    Sall. J. 18, 4; 76, 1; Lucr. 4, 509; Verg. A. 1, 306; 2, 28; Prop. 4 (5), 8, 22; Tac. A. 1, 61; 13, 36; Suet. Tib. 43.—Usually loca:

    loca haec circiter,

    Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 8:

    venisse in illa loca,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 2, 5; id. Fin. 5, 1, 2 sq.; Caes. B. G. 2, 4, 2; Lucr. 1, 373; 2, 146; Cat. 9, 7; 63, 3; Sall. J. 18, 11; 54, 3; Verg. G. 2, 140; id. A. 1, 51; 2, 495; Hor. C. 1, 22, 7; Tib. 4, 1, 97; Ov. M. 10, 29; Liv. 1, 1, 5; 1, 5, 2; 1, 6, 4 et saep.—
    5.
    In war [p. 1075] or battle, a post, station (plur. loca):

    tum loca sorte legunt,

    Verg. A. 5, 132:

    loca jussa tenere,

    id. ib. 10, 238:

    loca servare,

    Amm. 25, 6, 14.—
    6.
    Loci and loca, of parts of the body:

    loci nervosi,

    Cels. 5, 26, 26.—Esp.:

    muliebres,

    Varr. L. L. 5, 2, 15; and without adj., in females, the womb:

    si ea lotio locos fovebit,

    Cato, R. R. 157, 11:

    cum in locis semen insederit,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 51; Cels. 2, 8. —Of animals, Col. 6, 27, 10.—Of birds, Col. 8, 11, 8; Lucr. 14, 1246; Plin. 11, 37, 84, § 209; Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 17:

    genitalia,

    Col. 7, 7, 4; cf. id. 8, 7, 2; 8, 11, 8;

    in males,

    Lucr. 4, 1034; 4, 1045.—
    7.
    Communis locus,
    (α).
    The place of the dead:

    qui nunc abierunt hinc in communem locum,

    Plaut. Cas. prol. 19.—
    (β).
    A public place:

    Sthenius... qui oppidum non maximum maximis ex pecunia sua locis communibus monumentisque decoravit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 46, § 112.—
    8.
    A burial-place, grave; very freq. in epitaphs; v. Inscr. Orell. 8; 4499; 4500 sq.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    A topic of discussion or thought; a matter, subject, point, head or division of a subject.
    1.
    In gen.:

    cum fundamentum esset philosophiae positum in finibus bonorum, perpurgatus est is locus a nobis quinque libris,

    Cic. Div. 2, 1, 2:

    Theophrastus cum tractat locos ab Aristotele ante tractatos,

    id. Fin. 1, 2, 6:

    hic locus, de natura usuque verborum,

    id. Or. 48, 162:

    philosophiae noti et tractati loci,

    id. ib. 33, 118:

    ex quattuor locis in quos honesti naturam vimque divisimus,

    id. Off. 1, 6, 18; id. Inv. 2, 3, 11; 2, 5, 16; 2, 8, 26 et saep.; Quint. 2, 4, 27; 2, 11, 6; 5, 8, 4; Juv. 6, 245; Tac. Or. 31.—
    2.
    Esp.: loci, the grounds of proof, the points on which proofs are founded or from which they are deduced:

    cum pervestigare argumentum aliquod volumus, locos nosse debemus,

    Cic. Top. 2, 7; id. de Or. 1, 13, 56; 3, 55, 210:

    traditi sunt ex quibus argumenta ducantur duplices loci,

    id. Or. 35; so sing.:

    itaque licet definire, locum esse argumenti sedem,

    id. Top. 2.—
    3.
    Esp.: loci communes, general arguments, which do not grow out of the particular facts of a case, but are applicable to any class of cases:

    pars (argumentorum) est pervagatior et aut in omnis ejusdem generis aut in plerasque causas adcommodata: haec ergo argumenta, quae transferri in multas causas possunt, locos communis nominamus,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 14, 47 sq.; cf. the passage at length; id. ib. 2, 16, 50 sq.; 2, 18, 56; Auct. Her. 3, 8, 15; Quint. 2, 1, 9; 3, 1, 12; 5, 1, 3; 5, 13, 57 al.— Sing.:

    vix ullus est tam communis locus, qui possit cohaerere cum causa, nisi aliquo proprio quaestionis vinculo copulatus,

    Quint. 2, 4, 30:

    locus, for communis locus,

    id. 4, 2, 117; 5, 7, 32.—
    B.
    A passage in a book or author; plur. loci (Zumpt, Gram. §

    99): locos quosdam transferam,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 7; Quint. 1, 1, 36; 1, 4, 4; 5, 13, 42; 6, 3, 36; Tac. Or. 22:

    locos Lucreti plurimos sectare,

    Gell. 1, 21, 7;

    but rarely loca: loca jam recitata,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 223; Amm. 29, 2, 8.—
    C.
    Room, opportunity, cause, occasion, place, time, etc., for any thing:

    et cognoscendi et ignoscendi dabitur peccati locus,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 6:

    avaritia paululum aliquid loci rationi et consilio dedisset,

    Cic. Quint. 16, 53:

    de tuo in me animo iniquis secus existimandi videris nonnihil dedisse loci,

    to have given occasion, cause, reason, id. Fam. 3, 6, 6:

    dare suspicioni locum,

    id. Cael. 4, 9:

    dare locum dubitationis,

    id. Balb. 6, 16; Val. Fl. 4, 451: locum habere, to find a place:

    qui dolorem summum malum dicit, apud eum, quem locum habet fortitudo?

    Cic. Off. 3, 33, 117:

    in hoc altero dicacitatis quid habet ars loci?

    id. de Or. 2, 54, 219; so,

    locus est alicui rei: legi Aquiliae locus est adversus te,

    Dig. 9, 2, 27; cf.:

    huic edicto locus est,

    ib. 37, 10, 6; cf.:

    meritis vacat hic tibi locus,

    Verg. A. 11, 179:

    cum defendendi negandive non est locus,

    Quint. 5, 13, 8:

    quaerendi,

    id. 3, 8, 21.—Also in the sense of there is place for any thing, it finds acceptance:

    in poëtis non Homero soli locus est aut Archilocho, etc.,

    Cic. Or. 1, 4:

    si in mea familiaritate locus esset nemini nisi, etc.,

    id. Planc. 33, 82:

    maledicto nihil loci est,

    id. Mur. 5, 12: locum non relinquere, to leave no room for, not to admit, to exclude:

    vita turpis ne morti quidem honestae locum relinquit,

    id. Quint. 15, 49; so,

    nec precibus nostris nec admonitionibus relinquit locum,

    id. Fam. 1, 1, 2: nancisci locum, to find occasion:

    nactus locum resecandae libidinis,

    id. Att. 1, 18, 2:

    valde gaudeo, si est nunc ullus gaudendi locus,

    id. ib. 9, 7, 6.—
    D.
    In aliquo loco esse, to be in any place, position, situation, condition, state, relation:

    si ego in istoc siem loco, dem potius aurum, quam, etc.,

    position, place, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 116:

    tanta ibi copia venustatum aderat, in suo quaeque loco sita munde,

    id. Poen. 5, 4, 8:

    in uxoris loco habere,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 52:

    in liberūm loco esse,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 49, 200; id. Planc. 11, 28; id. Brut. 1, 1; but more freq. without in:

    is si eo loco esset, negavit se facturum,

    id. Fam. 4, 4, 4:

    eodem loco esse,

    Sen. Ben. 3, 8, 2; 7, 14, 6.—Esp. with a gen.:

    parentis loco esse,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61:

    hostium loco esse,

    Liv. 2, 4, 7:

    fratris loco esse,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 3, 1; 7, 3, 6; Quint. 6, 1, 7:

    nec vero hic locus est, ut, etc.,

    not the proper occasion, Cic. Tusc. 4, 1, 1; id. Rosc. Am. 12, 33.— Hence, loco or in loco, at the right place or time, seasonably, suitably:

    posuisti loco versus Attianos,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 4:

    epistolae non in loco redditae,

    id. ib. 11, 16, 1:

    dulce est desipere in loco,

    Hor. C. 4, 12, 28; so,

    locis: non insurgit locis? non figuris gaudet?

    Quint. 12, 10, 23:

    quo res summa loco?

    in what condition? Verg. A. 2, 322:

    quo sit fortuna loco,

    id. ib. 9, 723:

    quo sit Romana loco res,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 25:

    quo tua sit fortuna loco,

    Stat. Th. 7, 558:

    missis nuntiis, quo loco res essent,

    Liv. 2, 47, 5:

    primo loco,

    in the first place, first in order, Juv. 5, 12.—Freq. as a partit. gen.:

    quo loci for quo loco,

    Cic. Att. 8, 10; id. Div. 2, 66:

    eo loci for eo loco,

    id. Sest. 31, 68; Tac. A. 15, 74:

    eodem loci,

    Suet. Calig. 53:

    ubi loci,

    Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 26:

    ibidem loci,

    id. Cist. 3, 1, 53:

    interea loci for interea,

    meanwhile, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 46:

    postea loci,

    after that, afterwards, Sall. J. 102:

    ubicumque locorum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 34:

    adhuc locorum,

    hitherto, Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 25:

    ad id locorum,

    to that time, till then, hitherto, Sall. J. 63, 6; 73, 2; Liv. 22, 38, 12:

    post id locorum,

    after that, thereupon, Plaut. Cas. 1, 32:

    inde loci,

    since then, Lucr. 5, 437.—
    E.
    Place, position, degree, rank, order, office, of persons or things:

    summus locus civitatis,

    Cic. Clu. 55, 150:

    tua dignitas suum locum obtinebit,

    id. Fam. 3, 9, 2:

    quem locum apud ipsum Caesarem obtinuisti?

    id. Phil. 2, 29, 71:

    res erat et causa nostra eo jam loci, ut, etc.,

    id. Sest. 31, 68:

    Socrates voluptatem nullo loco numerat,

    id. Fin. 2, 28, 90:

    codem loco habere, quo, etc.,

    id. Prov. Cons. 17, 41; Caes. B. G. 1, 26, 6; 7, 77, 3; id. B. C. 1, 84, 2:

    indignantes eodem se loco esse, quo, etc.,

    Liv. 42, 37, 8:

    sed esto, neque melius quod invenimus esse, neque par, est certe proximus locus,

    Quint. 10, 5, 6:

    erat ordine proximus locus,

    id. 7, 3, 36:

    humili loco,

    id. 4, 2, 2.— Plur. loca:

    ut patricii recuperarent duo consularia loca,

    Liv. 10, 15, 8:

    quinque augurum loca,

    id. 10, 8, 3; 42, 34, 15:

    omnia loca obtinuere, ne cui plebeio aditus esset,

    id. 4, 57, 11; Tac. A. 2, 55:

    Vesta loca prima tenet,

    Ov. F. 6, 304.—Esp. of birth:

    infimo loco natus,

    Cic. Fl. 11, 24:

    esse summo loco natus,

    id. Planc. 25, 60:

    Tanaquil summo loco nata,

    Liv. 1, 34.—
    F.
    Loco, adverbially, in the place of, instead of, for:

    criminis loco putant esse, quod vivam,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 6:

    haec filium suum sibi praemii loco deposcit,

    id. Inv. 2, 49, 144.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > locus

  • 38 auctor

    auctor (incorrectly written autor or author), ōris, comm. [id.], he that brings about the existence of any object, or promotes the increase or prosperity of it, whether he first originates it, or by his efforts gives greater permanence or continuance to it; to be differently translated according to the object, creator, maker, author, inventor, producer, father, founder, teacher, composer, cause, voucher, supporter, leader, head, etc. (syn.: conditor, origo, consiliarius, lator, suasor, princeps, dux).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    Of persons, a progenitor, father, ancestor:

    L. Brutus, praeclarus auctor nobilitatis tuae,

    the founder, progenitor of your nobility, Cic. Tusc. 4, 1, 2:

    generis,

    Verg. A. 4, 365; so Ov. M. 4, 640, and Suet. Vit. 2:

    tu sanguinis ultimus auctor,

    Verg. A. 7, 49; so Ov. M. 12, 558, and 13, 142:

    tantae propaginis,

    id. F. 3, 157:

    originis,

    Suet. Ner. 1:

    gentis,

    id. Claud. 25:

    auctores parentes animarum,

    Vulg. Sap. 12, 6:

    auctore ab illo ducit originem,

    Hor. C. 3, 17, 5:

    Sive neglectum genus et nepotes Respicis auctor,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 36:

    mihi Tantalus auctor,

    Ov. M. 6, 172:

    auctores saxa fretumque tui,

    id. H. 10, 132:

    Juppiter e terrā genitam mentitur, ut auctor Desinat inquiri,

    id. M. 1, 615.—Of animals, Col. 6, 27, 1.—
    B.
    Of buildings, etc., founder, builder:

    Trojae Cynthius auctor,

    Verg. G. 3, 36:

    murorum Romulus auctor,

    Prop. 5, 6, 43 ( augur, Müll.):

    auctor posuisset in oris Moenia,

    Ov. M. 15, 9:

    porticus auctoris Livia nomen habet,

    id. A. A. 1, 72:

    amphitheatri,

    Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 118:

    omnia sub titulo tantum suo ac sine ullā pristini auctoris memoriā,

    Suet. Dom. 5.—
    C.
    Of works of art, a maker, artist:

    statua auctoris incerti,

    Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 93: apparuit summam artis securitatem auctori placaisse, id. praef. § 27.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    In gen., the originator, executor, performer, doer, cause, occasion of other things (freq. interchanged with actor):

    tametsi haud quaquam par gloriá sequitur scriptorem et auctorem rerum, tamen etc.,

    Sall. C. 3, 2 Kritz (cf. without rerum: Suam quisque culpam auctores ad negotia transferunt, id. J. 1, 4):

    praeclari facinoris,

    Vell. 2, 120, 6:

    facti,

    Ov. M. 9, 206; Vell. 1, 8:

    cum perquirerent auctorem facti,

    Vulg. Jud. 6, 29:

    optimi statūs auctor,

    Suet. Aug. 28:

    honoris,

    Ov. M. 10, 214:

    vitae,

    Vulg. Act. 3, 15:

    salutis,

    ib. Heb. 2, 10:

    fidei,

    ib. ib. 12, 2:

    funeris,

    Ov. M. 10, 199:

    necis,

    id. ib. 8, 449;

    9, 214: mortis,

    id. ib. 8, 493:

    vulneris,

    id. ib. 5, 133;

    8, 418: plagae,

    id. ib. 3, 329:

    seditionis sectae,

    Vulg. Act. 24, 5.—Also, in gen., one from whom any thing proceeds or comes:

    auctor in incerto est: jaculum de parte sinistrā Venit,

    i. e. the sender, Ov. M. 12, 419; so,

    teli,

    id. ib. 8, 349:

    muneris,

    the giver, id. ib. 2, 88;

    5, 657, 7, 157 al.: meritorum,

    id. ib. 8, 108 al.—
    B.
    An author of scientific or literary productions.
    1.
    An investigator:

    non sordidus auctor Naturae verique,

    Hor. C. 1, 28, 14.—And as imparting learning, a teacher:

    quamquam in antiquissimā philosophiā Cratippo auctore versaris,

    Cic. Off. 2, 2, 8:

    dicendi gravissimus auctor et magister Plato,

    id. Or. 3, 10:

    divini humanique juris auctor celeberrimus,

    Vell. 2, 26, 2:

    Servius Sulpicius, juris civilis auctor,

    Gell. 2, 10; Dig. 19, 1, 39; 40, 7, 36.—
    2.
    The author of a writing, a writer:

    ii quos nunc lectito auctores,

    Cic. Att. 12, 18:

    ingeniosus poëta et auctor valde bonus,

    id. Mur. 14:

    scripta auctori perniciosa suo,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 1, 68:

    Belli Alexandrini Africique et Hispaniensis incertus auctor est,

    Suet. Caes. 56; id. Aug. 31:

    sine auctore notissimi versus,

    i. e. anonymous verses, id. ib. 70; so id. Calig. 8; id. Dom. 8 al.— Meton. of cause for effect, for a literary production, writing, work:

    in evolvendis utriusque linguae auctoribus, etc.,

    Suet. Aug. 89. —In partic., the author of historical works, an historian (with and without rerum):

    ego cautius posthac historiam attingam, te audiente, quem rerum Romanarum auctorem laudare possum religiosissimum,

    Cic. Brut. 11, 44; so,

    Matrem Antoniam non apud auctores rerum, non diurnā actorum scripturā reperio ullo insigni officio functam,

    Tac. A. 3, 3; 3, 30 (diff. from auctor rerum in II. A.):

    Polybius bonus auctor in primis,

    Cic. Off. 3, 32, 113; so Nep. Them. 10, 4; Liv. 4, 20; Tac. A. 5, 9; 14, 64 al.—With historiae (eccl. Lat.):

    historiae congruit auctori,

    Vulg. 2 Macc. 2, 31.—Hence, in gen., one that gives an account of something, a narrator, reporter, informant (orally or in writing):

    sibi insidias fieri: se id certis auctoribus comperisse,

    Cic. Att. 14, 8:

    celeberrimos auctores habeo tantam victoribus irreverentiam fuisse, ut, etc.,

    Tac. H. 3, 51:

    criminis ficti auctor, i. e. nuntius,

    Ov. M. 7, 824:

    Non haec tibi nuntiat auctor Ambiguus,

    id. ib. 11, 666; 12, 58; 12, 61; 12, 532.—Hence, auctorem esse, with acc. and inf., to relate, recount:

    Auctores sunt ter novenis punctis interfici hominem,

    Plin. 11, 21, 24, § 73:

    Fabius Rustiçus auctor est scriptos esse ad Caecinam Tuscum codicillos,

    Tac. A. 13, 20:

    Auctor est Julius Marathus ante paucos quam nasceretur menses prodigium Romae factum (esse) publice, etc.,

    Suet. Aug. 94 et saep.—
    C.
    One by whose influence, advice, command, etc., any thing is done, the cause, occasion, contriver, instigator, counsellor, adviser, promoter; constr. sometimes with ut, acc. and inf., or gen. gerund.: quid mihi es auctor ( what do you counsel me?) huic ut mittam? Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 2; 4, 7, 70; id. Poen. 1, 3, 1:

    idne estis auctores mihi?

    Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 16:

    mihique ut absim, vehementer auctor est,

    Cic. Att. 15, 5:

    Gellium ipsis (philosophis) magno opere auctorem fuisse, ut controversiarum facerent modum,

    id. Leg. 1, 20, 53:

    ut propinqui de communi sententiā coërcerent, auctor fuit,

    Suet. Tib. 35; id. Claud. 25; id. Calig. 15:

    a me consilium petis, qui sim tibi auctor in Siciliāne subsidas, an proficiscare,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 8: ego quidem tibi non sim auctor, si Pompeius Italiam reliquit, te quoque profugere, Att. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 10:

    ne auctor armorum duxque deesset, Auct. B. G. 8, 47: auctor facinori non deerat,

    Liv. 2, 54:

    auctores Bibulo fuere tantundem pollicendi,

    Suet. Caes. 19:

    auctores restituendae tribuniciae potestatis,

    id. ib. 5; so id. Dom. 8:

    auctor singulis universisque conspirandi simul et ut... communem causam juvarent,

    id. Galb. 10 al. —So freq. in the abl. absol.: me, te, eo auctore, at my, your, his instance, by my [p. 199] advice, command, etc.:

    non me quidem Faciet auctore, hodie ut illum decipiat,

    Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 23:

    an paenitebat flagiti, te auctore quod fecisset Adulescens?

    Ter. Eun. 5, 6, 12:

    quare omnes istos me auctore deridete atque contemnite,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 54:

    quia calida fomenta non proderant, frigidis curari coactus auctore Antonio Musā,

    Suet. Aug. 81; 96; id. Galb. 19; id. Vit. 2 al.: agis Carminibus grates et dis auctoribus horum, the promoters or authors of spells, Ov. M. 7, 148.—
    2.
    Esp., in political lang., t. t.
    a.
    Auctor legis.
    (α).
    One who proposes a law, a mover, proposer (very rare):

    quarum legum auctor fuerat, earum suasorem se haud dubium ferebat,

    Liv. 6, 36:

    Quid desperatius, qui ne ementiendo quidem potueris auctorem adumbrare meliorem,

    Cic. Dom. 30, 80.—
    (β).
    One who advises the proposal of a law, and exerts all his influence to have it passed, a supporter (stronger than suasor; cf. Suet. Tib. 27:

    alium dicente, auctore eo Senatum se adīsse, verba mutare et pro auctore suasorem dicere coegit): isti rationi neque lator quisquam est inventus neque auctor umquam bonus,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 34:

    cum ostenderem, si lex utilis plebi Romanae mihi videretur, auctorem me atque adjutorem futurum (esse),

    id. Agr. 2, 5; id. Att. 1, 19:

    quo auctore societatem cum Perseo junxerunt,

    Liv. 45, 31; Suet. Oth. 8; id. Vesp. 11 al.—Sometimes in connection with suasor:

    atque hujus deditionis ipse Postumius suasor et auctor fuit,

    Cic. Off. 3, 30, 109:

    Nisi quis retinet, idem suasor auctorque consilii ero,

    Tac. H. 3, 2 al. —
    (γ).
    Of a senate which accepts or adopts a proposition for a law, a confirmer, ratifier:

    nunc cum loquar apud senatores populi Romani, legum et judiciorum et juris auctores,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 67.— Poet., in gen., a law-giver:

    animum ad civilia vertet Jura suum, legesque feret justissimus auctor,

    Ov. M. 15, 833;

    and of one who establishes conditions of peace: leges captis justissimus auctor imposuit,

    id. ib. 8, 101. —Hence, auctores fieri, to approve, accept, confirm a law:

    cum de plebe consulem non accipiebat, patres ante auctores fieri coëgerit,

    Cic. Brut. 14, 55:

    Decreverunt ut, cum populus regem jussisset, id sic ratum esset, si patres auctores fierent,

    Liv. 1, 17; 1, 22; 2, 54; 2, 56; 6, 42; 8, 12 al.—
    b.
    Auctor consilii publici, he who has the chief voice in the senate, a leader:

    hunc rei publicae rectorem et consilii publici auctorem esse habendum,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 48, 211; 3, 17, 63. —Also absol.:

    regem Ariobarzanem, cujus salutem a senatu te auctore, commendatam habebam,

    by your influence, and the decree of the senate occasioned by it, Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 6; cf. Gron. ad Liv. 24, 43.—
    D.
    One who is an exemplar, a model, pattern, type of any thing:

    Caecilius, malus auctor Latinitatis,

    Cic. Att. 7, 3, 10:

    nec litterarum Graecarum, nec philosophiae jam ullum auctorem requiro,

    id. Ac. 2, 2, 5; cf.

    Wopk. Lect. Tull. p. 34: unum cedo auctorem tui facti, unius profer exemplum,

    i. e. who has done a similar thing, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 26:

    Cato omnium virtutum auctor,

    id. Fin. 4, 16, 44 al. —
    E.
    One that becomes security for something, a voucher, bail, surety, witness:

    id ita esse ut credas, rem tibi auctorem dabo,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 70:

    auctorem rumorem habere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19: fama nuntiabat te esse in Syriā;

    auctor erat nemo,

    id. Fam. 12, 4:

    non si mihi Juppiter auctor Spondeat,

    Verg. A. 5, 17:

    gravis quamvis magnae rei auctor,

    Liv. 1, 16:

    auctorem levem, nec satis fidum super tantā re Patres rati,

    id. 5, 15 fin.:

    urbs auspicato deis auctoribus in aeternum condita,

    under the guaranty of the gods, id. 28, 28.—Also with acc. and inf.:

    auctores sumus tutam ibi majestatem Romani nominis fore,

    Liv. 2, 48.—
    F.
    In judic. lang., t. t.
    1.
    A seller, vender (inasmuch as he warrants the right of possession of the thing to be sold, and transfers it to the purchaser; sometimes the jurists make a distinction between auctor primus and auctor secundus; the former is the seller himself, the latter the bail or security whom the former brings, Dig. 21, 2, 4; cf.

    Salmas. Mod. Usur. pp. 728 and 733): quod a malo auctore emīssent,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 22:

    auctor fundi,

    id. Caecin. 10; Dig. 19, 1, 52: Inpero (auctor ego sum), ut tu me quoivis castrandum loces, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 73 Wagn.; id. Ep. 3, 2, 21; id. Curc. 4, 2, 12.— Trop.:

    auctor beneficii populi Romani,

    Cic. Mur. 2.—
    2.
    A guardian, trustee (of women and minors):

    dos quam mulier nullo auctore dixisset,

    Cic. Caecin. 25:

    majores nostri nullam ne privatam quidem rem agere feminas sine auctore voluerunt,

    Liv. 34, 2:

    pupillus obligari tutori eo auctore non potest,

    Dig. 26, 8, 5.—
    3.
    In espousals, auctores are the witnesses of the marriage contract (parents, brothers, guardians, relatives, etc.):

    nubit genero socrus, nullis auspicibus, nullis auctoribus,

    Cic. Clu. 5.—
    G.
    An agent, factor, spokesman, intercessor, champion:

    praeclarus iste auctor suae civitatis,

    Cic. Fl. 22:

    (Plancius) princeps inter suos... maximarum societatum auctor, plurimarum magister,

    id. Planc. 13, 22:

    meae salutis,

    id. Sest. 50, 107:

    doloris sui, querelarum, etc.,

    id. Fl. 22 fin.
    ► In class.
    Lat. auctor is also used as fem.:

    eas aves, quibus auctoribus etc.,

    Cic. Div. 1, 15, 27:

    Et hostes aderant et (Theoxena) auctor mortis instabat,

    Liv. 40, 4, 15:

    auctor ego (Juno) audendi,

    Verg. A. 12, 159; Ov. M. 8, 108; id. F. 5, 192; 6, 709; id. H. 14, 110; 15, 3; Sen. Med. 968; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 29 Müll. The distinction which the grammarians, Serv. ad Verg. A. 12, 159, Prob. p. 1452 sq. P., and others make between auctor fem. and auctrix, that auctrix would refer more to the lit. signif. of the verb, augeo, while auctor fem. has more direct relation to the prevailing signif. of its noun, auctoritas, is unfounded.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > auctor

  • 39 ūsus

        ūsus ūs, m    [1 AV-], use, practice, employment, exercise, enjoyment: virtus in usu sui tota posita est; usus autem eius, etc.: rerum necessarium, Cs.—Poet., use, wear: Ferreus adsiduo consumitur anulus usu, O.: silices tenuantur ab usu, O.— Use, practice, exercise: usu cottidiano efficiunt, uti, etc., Cs.: adsiduus usus uni rei deditus: rerum maximarum.—In law, in the phrase, usus et fructus (late, ususfructus), the use and enjoyment, usufruct: usus enim eius fundi et fructus testamento viri fuerat Caesenniae.— Use, experience, discipline, acquired skill, training: Da. provinciam Cepisti duram. Ge. mi usus venit, hoc scio, i. e. I know it by experience, T.: quid enim abest huic homini?... ususne rerum? experience in affairs?: usum in re p. magnum habere: nullius usūs existimari, Cs.: nauticarum rerum, Cs.: aut belli usum aut studia volgi amissurus, S.: usu sapientiāque praestantes, N.: seris venit usus ab annis, O.— Use, habit, usage, custom, practice: usum loquendi populo concessi: usum belli habere, Cs.: (vitulos) ad studium atque usum formabis agrestem, V.: cadent vocabula, si volet usus, H.— Intercourse, familiarity, association, intimacy, society: domesticus: in tanto usu nostro tantāque amicitiā: ut insinuaret se in quam maxime familiarem usum, L.: nec longo cognitus usu, O.— Use, usefulness, value, utility, benefit, profit, advantage: levis fructus, exiguus usus: propter lini inopiam atque eius usūs inscientiam, Cs.: naves non eundem usum celeritatis habebant, capacity, Cs.: Natis in usum laetitiae scyphis Pugnare, service, H.: Quidve ad amicitias, usus rectumne trahat nos, H.: plures quam quot satis in usum erant ignes, L.: (pars Numidiae) specie quam usu potior, better in appearance rather than in real value, S.— As dat predic.: ea, quae sunt usui ad armandas navīs, which are of use, Cs.: esse mihi magno usui, of great service: peritos legum ad condenda nova iura usui fore credebant, L.—In the phrase, ex usu, advantageous, serviceable, useful: declararent, utrum proelium ex usu esset necne, Cs.: quod ex usu rei p. sit.— Use, occasion, need, want, necessity: illum usum provinciae supplere: quae belli usūs poscunt, suppeditare, L.—In phrases with sum, there is need, it is necessary, it becomes requisite, there is occasion: An quoiquamst usus homini, se ut cruciet? is it necessary for any man to torture himself? T.: equitum impetum, cum adesset usus, sustinere, Cs.: de ceteris studiis alio loco dicemus, si usus fuerit, if there shall be occasion: navīs, quibus usus non est, omnīs praecidisse: quibus (navibus) consuli usus non esset, L.: nunc viribus usus, V.: Non usus factost mihi nunc hunc intro sequi, i. e. it does not suit me, etc., T.: alii offerunt se, si quo usus operae sit, L.—In phrases with venio, it becomes necessary, occasion arises: Non usus veniet, spero, T.: ut, si usus veniat, suum quisque locum teneat, if occasion should arise, Cs. —In the phrase, usu venit, it happens, it occurs, it befalls: idem mihi usu venit in causā optimā: si id culpā senectutis accideret, eadem mihi usu venirent: id quod usu venerat, actually occurred, N.: quod haec de Vercingetorige usu ventura opinione perceperat, Cs.: usu venire ut abhorreant, etc.
    * * *
    use, enjoyment; experience, skill, advantage; custom

    Latin-English dictionary > ūsus

  • 40 aliquando

    ălĭquandŏ, temp. adv. [aliquis; Corssen, Ausspr. II. p. 856, regards the affix in this word and in quando as from an earlier -da = dies].
    I.
    A.. In opp. to a definite, fixed point of time, at some time or other, once; at any time, ever (i. e. at an indefinite, undetermined time, of the past, present, and future; mostly in affirmative clauses, while umquam is only used of past and future time, and in negative clauses or those implying doubt; cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 2, 14, 51).—Of the past: neque ego umquam fuisse tale monstrum in terris ullum puto: quis clarioribus viris quodam tempore jucundior? quis turpioribus conjunctior: quis civis meliorum partium aliquando? Cic. Cael. 5, 12:

    Ad quem angelorum dixit aliquando, Sede etc.,

    Vulg. Heb. 1, 13.—Of the future:

    erit illud profecto tempus et illucescet aliquando ille dies, etc.,

    Cic. Mil. 26, 69:

    cave, ne aliquando peccato consentias,

    Vulg. Tob. 4, 6:

    huic utinam aliquando gratiam referre possimus! Habebimus quidem semper,

    Cic. Fam. 14, 4:

    ne posset aliquando ad bellum faciendum locus ipse adhortari,

    id. Off. 1, 11, 35.—Of the present: de rationibus et de controversiis societatis vult dijudicari. Sero: verum aliquando tamen, but yet once, in opp. to not at all, never, Cic. Quint. 13, 43.—
    B.
    With non, nec (eccl. Lat.):

    non peccabitis aliquando,

    Vulg. 2 Pet. 1, 10:

    nec aliquando defuit quidquam iis,

    ib. 1 Reg. 25, 7; 25, 15; ib. Dan. 14, 6; ib 1 Thess. 2, 5.—
    C.
    In connection with ullus, and oftener, esp. in Cic., with aliquis:

    quaerere ea num vel e Philone vel ex ullo Academico audivisset aliquando,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 4, 11: Forsitan aliquis aliquando ejusmodi quidpiam fecerit. id. Verr. 2, 32, 78;

    ego quia dico aliquid aliquando, et quia, ut fit, in multis exit aliquando aliquid, etc.,

    id. Planc 14, 35;

    non despero fore aliquem aliquando,

    id. de Or. 1, 21, 95:

    docendo etiam aliquid aliquando,

    id. Or. 42, 144:

    Nam aut erit hic aliquid aliquando, etc.,

    id. Fam. 7, 11, 2.—So with quisquis:

    nec quidquam aliquando periit,

    Vulg. 1 Reg. 25, 15; 25, 7.—
    D.
    Si forte aliquando or si aliquando, if at any time, if ever; or of a distant, but undefined, point of time, if once, at one time, or one day:

    si quid hujus simile forte aliquando evenerit,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 40:

    quod si aliquando manus ista plus valuerit quam vestra ac rei publicae dignitas, etc.,

    Cic. Cat. 4, 10, 20: ampla domus dedecori saepe domino fit, et maxime si aliquando alio domino solita est frequentari, once, i. e. at a former time, id. Off. 1, 39, 139.—
    E.
    It is often used (opp.: in praesentiā, nunc, adhuc) of an indefinite, past, or future time = olim, quondam, once, formerly; in future time, hereafter:

    quod sit in praesentiā de honestate delibatum, virtute aliquando et industriā recuperetur,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 58, 174:

    aliquando nobis libertatis tempus fuisse, quod pacis vobiscum non fuerit: nunc certe, etc., Liv 25, 29: Iol ad mare, aliquando ignobilis, nunc illustris,

    Mel. 1, 6:

    Qui aliquando non populus, nunc autem populus Dei,

    Vulg. 1 Pet. 2, 10; ib. Philem. 11:

    quam concedis adhuc artem omnino non esse, sed aliquando, etc.,

    Cic. de Or 1, 58, 246.—Sometimes the point of time in contrast can be determined only from the context:

    quaerere num e Philone audivisset aliquando,

    Cic. Ac. Pr. 2, 4, 11:

    veritus sum deesse Pompeii saluti, cum ille aliquando non defuisset meae,

    id. Fam. 6, 6, 10:

    aut quisquam nostri misereri potest, qui aliquando vobis hostis fuit?

    Sall. J. 14, 17:

    Zacynthus aliquando appellata Hyrie,

    Plin. 4, 12, 19, § 54; Plin. Ep. 6, 10:

    quae aliquando viderat,

    Vulg. Gen. 42, 9; ib. 1 Pet. 3, 20.—
    II.
    Of that which at times happens, in contrast with that which never or seldom occurs, sometimes, now and then = non numquam, interdum (opp.: numquam, raro; semper, saepe).
    A.
    Te non numquam a me alienārunt, et me aliquando immutārunt tibi, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 2:

    liceret ei dicere utilitatem aliquando cum honestate pugnare,

    id. Off. 3, 3, 12:

    sitne aliquando mentiri boni viri?

    id. de Or. 3, 29, 113; Quint. 5, 13, 31:

    multa proelia et aliquando non cruenta,

    Tac. Agr. 17; Suet. Aug. 43.—
    B.
    With numquam, raro; semper, saepe, saepius, modo in another clause:

    convertit se aliquando ad timorem, numquam ad sanitatem,

    Cic. Sull. 5, 17:

    senatumque et populum numquam obscura nomina, etiam si aliquando obumbrentur,

    Tac. H. 2, 32:

    quod non saepe, atque haud scio an umquam, in aliquā parte eluceat aliquando,

    Cic. Or. 2, 7:

    raro, sed aliquando tamen, ex metu delirium nascitur,

    Cels. 3, 18; so id. 8, 4; 1 praef.:

    aliquando... semper,

    Liv. 45, 23, 8:

    aliquando fortuna, semper animo maximus,

    Vell. 2, 18: Haud semper errat fama;

    aliquando et elegit,

    Tac. Agr. 9:

    aliquando... saepe,

    Cels. 1 praef.:

    nec tamen ubique cerni, aliquando propter nubila, saepius globo terrae obstante,

    Plin. 2, 13, 10, § 56; so Tac. A. 3, 27; id. Agr. 38.—
    C.
    In partitive clauses, twice, or even several times, like modo—modo, sometimes also alternating with non numquam or modo (so only in the post-Aug. per.), at one time... at another, now.. now:

    confirmatio aliquando totius causae est, aliquando partium,

    Quint. 5, 13, 58; Plin. 17, 28, 47, § 262; Sen. Q. N. 2, 36, 2:

    aliquando emicat stella, aliquando ardores sunt, aliquando fixi et haerentes, non numquam volubiles,

    id. ib. 1, 14; cf. Suet. Calig. 52:

    Vespasianus modo in spem erectus, aliquando adversa reputabat,

    Tac. H. 2, 74; id. A. 16, 10.—
    D.
    In colloquial lang., to indicate that there is occasion for a certain thing, once, for once, on this occasion, now:

    aliquando osculando melius est, uxor, pausam fieri,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 6, 1:

    sed si placet, sermonem alio transferamus, et nostro more aliquando, non rhetorico loquamur,

    now in our own way, Cic. de Or. 1, 29, 133:

    sed ne plura: dicendum enim aliquando est, Pomponium Atticum sic amo, ut alterum fratrem,

    I must for once say it, id. Fam. 13, 1, 14.—
    E.
    In commands, exhortations, or wishes, = tandem, at length, now at last:

    audite quaeso, judices, et aliquando miseremini sociorum,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 28, 72:

    mode scribe aliquando ad nos, quid agas,

    id. Fam. 7, 12, 2:

    stulti, aliquando sapite,

    Vulg. Psa. 93, 8:

    ipse agat, ut orbatura patres aliquando fulmina ponat,

    Ov. M. 2, 391:

    Aliquando isti principes sibi populi Romani auctoritati parendum esse fateantur,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 22, 64; id. Verr. 4, 37, 81; Sall. J. 14, 21; Ov. M. 2, 390:

    et velim aliquando, cum erit tuum commodum, Lentulum puerum visas,

    Cic. Att. 12, 28.—Hence,
    F.
    Of that which happens after long expectation or delay, freq. in connection with tandem, finally, at length, now at last:

    quibus (quaestionibus) finem aliquando amicorum auctoritas fecit,

    Cic. Clu. 67, 191:

    (dii) placati jam vel satiati aliquando,

    id. Marcell. 6, 18:

    collegi me aliquando,

    id. Clu. 18, 51: aliquando idque sero usum loquendi populo concessi, finally. i. e. after I have for a long time spoken in another manner, id. Or. 48, 160:

    te aliquando collaudare possum, quod jam, etc.,

    id. Fam. 7, 17; Suet. Aug. 70:

    diu exspectaverant, dum retia extraherentur: aliquando extractis piscis nullus infuit,

    id. Clar. Rhet. 1.—With tandem:

    aliquando tandem huc animum ut adducas tuum,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 61:

    spes est et hunc aliquan do tandem posse consistere,

    Cic. Quint. 30, 94 tandem aliquando L. Catilinam ex urbe ejecimus, id. Cat. 2, 1:

    ut tandem aliquando timere desinam,

    id. ib. 1, 7, 18; id. Quint. 30, 94:

    servus tandem aliquando mihi a te exspectatissimas litteras reddidit,

    id. Fam. 16, 9:

    tandem aliquando refloruistis,

    Vulg. Phil. 4, 10.—With jam:

    utile esse te aliquando jam rem transigere,

    now at length Cic. Att. 1, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aliquando

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