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  • 1 sęgnǫti

    sęgnǫti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `reach for, attain'
    Old Church Slavic:
    \{1\}
    Russian:
    sjagnút' (Da l') `reach for, attain' [verb]
    Czech:
    sáhnouti `touch, reach for' [verb]
    Slovak:
    siahnut' `reach for' [verb]
    Polish:
    sięgnąć `reach for, reach' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    ségnuti `reach' [verb];
    sȅgnuti se (Vuk) `reach for' [verb]
    Slovene:
    sę́gniti `reach for' [verb], sę̑gnem [1sg]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: se(n)g
    Comments: According to Kortlandt (1988: 389), the fact that Winter's law apparently did not operate in this verb is due to the cluster *- ngn-, which blocked the law.
    Notes:
    \{1\} Only prefixed verbs, e.g. prisęgnǫti (Supr.) `touch'.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > sęgnǫti

  • 2 esetь

    esetь Grammatical information: f. i Proto-Slavic meaning: `rack for drying grain'
    Page in Trubačev: -
    Russian:
    osét' `granary, rack for drying grain' [f i]
    Belorussian:
    (v)ósec' (W.), aséc' (W.) `granary, drying shed' [f i];
    osëtka (dial.) `granary', asëtka (dial.) `spot in granary for drying sheafs' [f ā]
    Ukrainian:
    ósit' (dial.) `granary' [f i]
    Polish:
    jesieć (dial.) `grain sieve' [f i];
    osieć (E. dial.) `granary' [f i];
    jesiótka (dial.) `grain sieve' [f ā];
    osiótka (W dial.) `granary' [f ā]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: eś-et-i-
    Lithuanian:
    akė́čios `harrow' [Nompf ā] 1;
    ekė́čios (dial.) `harrow' [Nompf ā] 1 \{1\}
    Latvian:
    ecê(k)šas `harrow' [Nompf ā]
    Old Prussian:
    aketes `harrow'
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₂oḱ-et-i-
    IE meaning: harrow
    Page in Pokorny: 18
    Comments: This is another case where we find Balto-Slavic evidence for *e- corresponding to *a- or *o- in other branches of Indo-European (Rozwadowski's change). Toporov regards the k of the Baltic forms as evidence for a western technological borrowing (I: 67). Since the Baltic and Germanic forms mean exactly the same, while the Slavic forms are semantically more remote, this is a serious option.
    Other cognates:
    Gk. ὀξίνα (Hes.) `an agricultural implement with iron teeth, drawn by oxen' [f];
    Lat. occa `harrow' [f];
    OHG egida `harrow' [f];
    OE eg(e)ʮe `harrow' [f];
    OW ocet `harrow' [f];
    Fi. äës `harrow'
    Notes:
    \{1\} The Standard Lithuanian form with a- may stem from the territory where the development e- > a- occurred. In any case, the attestations of the form with e- (see the LKŽ, s.v.) indicate that there are Lithuanian forms completely matching Latv. ecêšas.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > esetь

  • 3 olbodà

    olbodà; elbedà Grammatical information: f. ā Proto-Slavic meaning: `goosefoot'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 18; XXXII 50-51
    Russian:
    lebedá `goosefoot' [f ā];
    lobodá `goosefoot' [f ā]
    Czech:
    lebeda `goosefoot' [f ā];
    loboda (dial.) `goosefoot' [f ā]
    Slovak:
    loboda `goosefoot' [f ā];
    lebeda (dial.) `goosefoot' [f ā]
    Polish:
    lebioda `goosefoot' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    lobòda `goosefoot' [f ā];
    Čak. lobodȁ (Vrgada) `goosefoot (?)' [f ā];
    Čak. lobodȁ (Novi) `goosefoot (?)' [f ā], lȍbode [Nom p];
    Čak. lobodȁ (Orbanići) `unidentified plant (wild basil?)' [f ā], lobodȍ [Accs]
    Slovene:
    lóboda `goosefoot' [f ā];
    lobóda `goosefoot' [f ā];
    lebę́da `goosefoot' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    lóboda `goosefoot' [f ā]
    IE meaning: goosefoot
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 30-31
    Comments: The anlaut of dialect forms such as Pl. ɫabądź or SCr. laboda must be analogous after the words for `swan'. The reconstruction *olboda is not without problems in view of the consistent reflex *lo- in South Slavic (but cf. SCr. rȍb `slave'?), which also doesn't match the *la- of the `swan' word. We must seriously consider the possibility that the proto-form was *h₂lob-oda (*h₂leb-eda) (for further discussion see s.v. *olbǫdь).
    Notes:
    The anlaut of dialect forms such as Pl. ɫabądź or SCr. laboda must be analogous after the words for `swan'. The reconstruction *olboda is not without problems in view of the consistent reflex *lo- in South Slavic (but cf. SCr. rȍb `slave'?), which also doesn't match the *la- of the `swan' word. We must seriously consider the possibility that the proto-form was *h₂lob-oda (*h₂leb-eda) (for further discussion see s.v. *olbǫdь).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > olbodà

  • 4 elbedà

    olbodà; elbedà Grammatical information: f. ā Proto-Slavic meaning: `goosefoot'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 18; XXXII 50-51
    Russian:
    lebedá `goosefoot' [f ā];
    lobodá `goosefoot' [f ā]
    Czech:
    lebeda `goosefoot' [f ā];
    loboda (dial.) `goosefoot' [f ā]
    Slovak:
    loboda `goosefoot' [f ā];
    lebeda (dial.) `goosefoot' [f ā]
    Polish:
    lebioda `goosefoot' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    lobòda `goosefoot' [f ā];
    Čak. lobodȁ (Vrgada) `goosefoot (?)' [f ā];
    Čak. lobodȁ (Novi) `goosefoot (?)' [f ā], lȍbode [Nom p];
    Čak. lobodȁ (Orbanići) `unidentified plant (wild basil?)' [f ā], lobodȍ [Accs]
    Slovene:
    lóboda `goosefoot' [f ā];
    lobóda `goosefoot' [f ā];
    lebę́da `goosefoot' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    lóboda `goosefoot' [f ā]
    IE meaning: goosefoot
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 30-31
    Comments: The anlaut of dialect forms such as Pl. ɫabądź or SCr. laboda must be analogous after the words for `swan'. The reconstruction *olboda is not without problems in view of the consistent reflex *lo- in South Slavic (but cf. SCr. rȍb `slave'?), which also doesn't match the *la- of the `swan' word. We must seriously consider the possibility that the proto-form was *h₂lob-oda (*h₂leb-eda) (for further discussion see s.v. *olbǫdь).
    Notes:
    The anlaut of dialect forms such as Pl. ɫabądź or SCr. laboda must be analogous after the words for `swan'. The reconstruction *olboda is not without problems in view of the consistent reflex *lo- in South Slavic (but cf. SCr. rȍb `slave'?), which also doesn't match the *la- of the `swan' word. We must seriously consider the possibility that the proto-form was *h₂lob-oda (*h₂leb-eda) (for further discussion see s.v. *olbǫdь).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > elbedà

  • 5 želsti

    želsti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `repay, pay for'
    Old Church Slavic:
    žlěsti (Supr.) `repay, pay for' [verb], žlědǫ [1sg];
    žlasti (Supr.) `repay, pay for' [verb], žladǫ [1sg]
    Old Russian:
    želesti `repay, pay for' [verb], želedu [1sg]
    Indo-European reconstruction: ghel-dʰ-
    Comments: Probably a borrowing from Germanic.
    Other cognates:
    Go. fragildan `repay' [verb];
    OHG geltan `pay, repay, sacrifice' [verb];
    OSw. gjalla `pay, repay' [verb] \{1\}
    Notes:
    \{1\} The Germanic evidence points to a suffix *-t-.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > želsti

  • 6 bъrtь

    bъrtь; bъrtъ Grammatical information: f. i; m. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `hive of wild bees'
    Page in Trubačev: III 132-133
    Russian:
    bort' `wild beehive' [f i]
    Old Russian:
    bъrtь `log for bees, tree with a beehive' [f i];
    bortь `log for bees, tree with a beehive' [f i]
    Belorussian:
    borc' `wild beehive' [f i]
    Ukrainian:
    bort `wild beehive' [m o];
    bort' `wild beehive' [m jo];
    bort' (dial.) `natural or artificial beehive in a tree, opening in a hive for viewing bees, wild family of bees living in a hollow tree-trunk' [f i] \{1\}
    Czech:
    brt' `wild beehive, (dial.) opening in or section of a beehive [f i]
    Old Czech:
    brt `beehive (also of wild bees)' [f i]
    Slovak:
    brt `opening in a beehive' [m o]
    Polish:
    barć `wild beehive' [f i]
    Slovene:
    brt `hollow tree with bees' [m o] \{2\}
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰrH-t-
    Page in Pokorny: 133
    Other cognates:
    Lat. forāmen `opening' [n]
    Notes:
    \{1\} Other dialect forms are bort' [f i], bôrt [f i] and bort [m o]. \{2\} Possibly of Czech origin.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bъrtь

  • 7 bъrtъ

    bъrtь; bъrtъ Grammatical information: f. i; m. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `hive of wild bees'
    Page in Trubačev: III 132-133
    Russian:
    bort' `wild beehive' [f i]
    Old Russian:
    bъrtь `log for bees, tree with a beehive' [f i];
    bortь `log for bees, tree with a beehive' [f i]
    Belorussian:
    borc' `wild beehive' [f i]
    Ukrainian:
    bort `wild beehive' [m o];
    bort' `wild beehive' [m jo];
    bort' (dial.) `natural or artificial beehive in a tree, opening in a hive for viewing bees, wild family of bees living in a hollow tree-trunk' [f i] \{1\}
    Czech:
    brt' `wild beehive, (dial.) opening in or section of a beehive [f i]
    Old Czech:
    brt `beehive (also of wild bees)' [f i]
    Slovak:
    brt `opening in a beehive' [m o]
    Polish:
    barć `wild beehive' [f i]
    Slovene:
    brt `hollow tree with bees' [m o] \{2\}
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰrH-t-
    Page in Pokorny: 133
    Other cognates:
    Lat. forāmen `opening' [n]
    Notes:
    \{1\} Other dialect forms are bort' [f i], bôrt [f i] and bort [m o]. \{2\} Possibly of Czech origin.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bъrtъ

  • 8 čàjati

    čàjati Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: a
    Page in Trubačev: IV 10-11
    Old Church Slavic:
    čajati `expect, thirst for, hope for' [verb], čajǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    čájat' `expect, hope for' [verb], čáju [1sg], čáet [3sg] \{1\}
    Serbo-Croatian:
    čȁjati `wait' [verb]
    Slovene:
    čȃjati `wait' [verb], čȃjem [1sg]
    Indo-European reconstruction: kweh₁i-e/o-
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 636
    Comments: Its has been a matter of dispute (see LIV s.v. * kʷei-) whether or not the root contains a laryngeal. Even though Dybo (1968: 205, 234, 236) classifies čajati as (c), it seems to me that the evidence warrants the reconstruction of AP (a), which in my framework implies the former presence of a laryngeal.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. cā́yati `perceive, observe' [verb];
    Gk. τίω `esteem, respect highly' [verb]
    Notes:
    \{1\} Also AP (a) in Old Russian, with traces of (c) (Zaliznjak 1985: 133).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > čàjati

  • 9 dikъ

    dikъ Grammatical information: adj. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `wild'
    Page in Trubačev: V 29-30
    Church Slavic:
    dikyi (RuCS) `wild, rude' [adj o]
    Russian:
    díkij `wild' [adj o], diká [Nomsf], díko [Nomsn]
    Old Russian:
    dikyi `wild' [adj o]
    Slovak:
    diký (Kott) `wild' [adj o]
    Polish:
    dziki `wild' [adj o]
    Upper Sorbian:
    dźiki `wild' [adj o]
    Lithuanian:
    dỹkas `empty, idle, for free, vacant' [adj o] 4
    Latvian:
    dīks `empty, idle, inactive' [adj o] \{1\}
    Comments: Perhaps cognate with Skt. dayi `fly (of birds, chariots, horses, gods)'. In view of the evidence for circumflex long i, the East Baltic forms, may be borrowings from Slavic, but the semantic difference (for which cf. Du. woest `desolate' -> `uncultivated, rough, wild') is conspicuous. Note that East Latv. dìeks2, if correctly interpreted, may reflect * deik-.
    Notes:
    \{1\} Both dîks2 and dìks2 are attested. In principle this combination points to dìks. In East Latvian, there are also forms reflecting dìeks2.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > dikъ

  • 10 evьja

    evьja; evьn̨a Grammatical information: f. iā; f. jā Proto-Slavic meaning: `granary, drying shed'
    Page in Trubačev: -
    Russian:
    évnja (W. dial.) `granary, drying shed' [f jā];
    ëvnja (Psk.) `granary, drying shed' [f jā];
    evnjá (dial.) `drying shed without a ceiling' [f jā]
    Belorussian:
    ëŭnja `granary, drying shed' [f jā];
    éŭnja `granary, drying shed' [f jā];
    jaŭja (dial.) `granary, drying shed' [f jā] \{1\}
    Ukrainian:
    jevja `granary, drying shed' [f jā];
    jévnja `granary, drying shed' [f jā]
    Polish:
    jawia `granary, drying shed' [f jā] \{2\};
    jewnia (arch.) `granary, drying shed' [f jā];
    jownia (arch.) `granary, drying shed' [f jā]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: iouiaH
    Lithuanian:
    jáuja `granary, drying shed, threshing shed' [f ā] 1 \{3\}
    Latvian:
    jaũja `threshing floor' [f ā]
    Old Prussian:
    jauge `drying shed, barn for braking flax' \{4\}
    Indo-European reconstruction: ieu-iH-eh₂
    IE meaning: granary
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 512
    Comments: It is evident that *evьja is a borrowing from Baltic. The Baltic word is a derivative of the word for `grain', Lith. javaĩ, which lacks a Slavic counterpart. The resyllabification of *iau̯-iā to *iau-i̯ā may account for the metatonical acute tone of both the Lithuanian and the Latvian form, if we assume that the original form was *iau̯-ìā. The East Slavic word *ovinъ apparently underwent the e- > o- shift (I do not share Andersen's objections to Trubačëv's Proto-Slavic reconstruction *evinъ, theoretical though it is).
    Other cognates:
    MoHG jauge (dial.) `barn'
    Notes:
    \{1\} The form without -n- has been recorded from 1540 onwards in many different shapes, e.g. ev'ja, jav'ja, evga and javga. According to Anikin (2005: 143), only the form jaŭja is known in the living language. The other forms are limited to areas that were inhabited by Lithuanians.\{2\} Since 1554 many variants have been recorded, e.g. jawia, jawgia, jewia, jowia. \{3\} There are many variants, viz. jáujė, jáujis, jáujas, jáujus. \{4\} The oldest source (1604) has the spelling jawyge (Toporov II: 21).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > evьja

  • 11 evьn̨a

    evьja; evьn̨a Grammatical information: f. iā; f. jā Proto-Slavic meaning: `granary, drying shed'
    Page in Trubačev: -
    Russian:
    évnja (W. dial.) `granary, drying shed' [f jā];
    ëvnja (Psk.) `granary, drying shed' [f jā];
    evnjá (dial.) `drying shed without a ceiling' [f jā]
    Belorussian:
    ëŭnja `granary, drying shed' [f jā];
    éŭnja `granary, drying shed' [f jā];
    jaŭja (dial.) `granary, drying shed' [f jā] \{1\}
    Ukrainian:
    jevja `granary, drying shed' [f jā];
    jévnja `granary, drying shed' [f jā]
    Polish:
    jawia `granary, drying shed' [f jā] \{2\};
    jewnia (arch.) `granary, drying shed' [f jā];
    jownia (arch.) `granary, drying shed' [f jā]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: iouiaH
    Lithuanian:
    jáuja `granary, drying shed, threshing shed' [f ā] 1 \{3\}
    Latvian:
    jaũja `threshing floor' [f ā]
    Old Prussian:
    jauge `drying shed, barn for braking flax' \{4\}
    Indo-European reconstruction: ieu-iH-eh₂
    IE meaning: granary
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 512
    Comments: It is evident that *evьja is a borrowing from Baltic. The Baltic word is a derivative of the word for `grain', Lith. javaĩ, which lacks a Slavic counterpart. The resyllabification of *iau̯-iā to *iau-i̯ā may account for the metatonical acute tone of both the Lithuanian and the Latvian form, if we assume that the original form was *iau̯-ìā. The East Slavic word *ovinъ apparently underwent the e- > o- shift (I do not share Andersen's objections to Trubačëv's Proto-Slavic reconstruction *evinъ, theoretical though it is).
    Other cognates:
    MoHG jauge (dial.) `barn'
    Notes:
    \{1\} The form without -n- has been recorded from 1540 onwards in many different shapes, e.g. ev'ja, jav'ja, evga and javga. According to Anikin (2005: 143), only the form jaŭja is known in the living language. The other forms are limited to areas that were inhabited by Lithuanians.\{2\} Since 1554 many variants have been recorded, e.g. jawia, jawgia, jewia, jowia. \{3\} There are many variants, viz. jáujė, jáujis, jáujas, jáujus. \{4\} The oldest source (1604) has the spelling jawyge (Toporov II: 21).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > evьn̨a

  • 12 làjati

    I. làjati I Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `bark'
    Page in Trubačev: XIV 20
    Old Church Slavic:
    lajati (Supr.) `bark' [verb], lajǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    lájat' `bark' [verb]
    Old Russian:
    lajati `bark' [verb]
    Belorussian:
    lájać `curse' [verb]
    Ukrainian:
    lájati `curse, scold' [verb]
    Czech:
    láti `scold, bark' [verb]
    Old Czech:
    láti `scold' [verb]
    Slovak:
    lát' `scold' [verb]
    Polish:
    ɫajać `curse, scold, bark' [verb]
    Old Polish:
    ɫajać `curse, scream' [verb]
    Slovincian:
    ɫajac `bark, curse' [verb]
    Lower Sorbian:
    ɫajaś `bark, scold, curse' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    lȁjati `bark, swear' [verb], lȁjēm [1sg];
    Čak. lȁjati (Vrgada) `bark, swear' [verb], lȁješ [2sg];
    Čak. lȁjati ʌOrbanići) `bark' [verb], lȃʌe [3sg]
    Slovene:
    lȃjati `bark, scream, curse' [verb], lȃjam [1sg], lȃjem [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    lája `bark, scold' [verb]
    Macedonian:
    lae `bark, swear' [verb]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: laH-tei
    Lithuanian:
    lóti `bark' [verb]
    Latvian:
    lãt `bark, scold' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: leh₂-
    IE meaning: bark
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: ?
    Other cognates:
    Skt. rā́yati `bark' [verb] \{1\};
    Lat. lātrāre `bark' [verb]
    Notes:
    \{1\} If not from IE. Hreh₁
    II. lajati II Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `ambush, lie in wait for'
    Page in Trubačev: XIV 21
    Old Church Slavic:
    lajati `ambush, lie in wait for' [verb], lajǫ [1sg]
    Church Slavic:
    lajati (RuCS) `ambush, lie in wait for, engage in intrigues' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: leh₂-
    Page in Pokorny: 651
    Other cognates:
    Gk. λήθω `be hidden' [verb];
    Lat. latēre `be hidden' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > làjati

  • 13 mogti

    mogti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `be able'
    Page in Trubačev: XIX 107-111
    Old Church Slavic:
    mošti `be able' [verb], mogǫ [1sg], možetъ [3sg]
    Russian:
    moč' `be able' [verb], mogú [1sg], móžet [3sg]
    Czech:
    moci `be able' [verb], mohu [1sg], může [3sg]
    Slovak:
    môct' `be able' [verb], môžem [1sg]
    Polish:
    móc `be able' [verb], mogę [1sg], może [3sg]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    mòći `be able' [verb], mògu [1sg], mȍžē [3sg];
    Čak. mȍći (Vrgada) `be able' [verb], mȏgu [1sg], mȍže [3sg];
    Čak. mȍć (Orbanići) `can, be able (to), be allowed (to)' [verb], mȍren [1sg]
    Slovene:
    móči `be able, must' [verb], mǫ́rem [1sg], mórem [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    móga `be able, be allowed' [verb]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: mog-
    Lithuanian:
    magė́ti `please, interest' \{1\} [verb], mãga [3sg]
    Old Prussian:
    massi `be able \{2\}
    Indo-European reconstruction: mogʰ-
    IE meaning: be able, capable
    Page in Pokorny: 695
    Comments: The generally accepted apophonic relationship between Slavic *mogti, Lith. magė́ti etc. on the one hand and mė́gti `love, like', Latv. mêgt `be able, be accustomed to' on the other cannot be maintained if one adheres to the view that the lengthened grade yielded a Balto-Slavic circumflex. The acute of the latter verbs may be due to Winter's law (*h₁meǵ- if cognate with Gk. περιημεκτέω `be aggrieved, chafe'). The o-vocalism of magė́ti and the Slavic and the Germanic forms points to an old perfect. For the semantic development `to be able' -> `to like', cf. Go. mag vs. MoHG mögen. As Pokorny remarks himself, his reconstruction *magʰ-, māgʰ- is entirely based on the presumed connection of the aforementioned forms with Gk. μηχανή `means, instrument', μη̃χος `instrument, apparatus', Dor. μᾱχᾱνα, μα̃ χος, which was rejected by Endzelīns (1931: 183), Fraenkel (1951, 168), Stang (1972, 37) a.o. for various reasons (cf. ESSJa X: 110) but nevertheless reappears in Lehmann 1986 (239).
    Other cognates:
    Skt. maghá- `power, wealth, gift'
    ;
    Go. mag `have power, be able' [3sg];
    OIc. mega `be able' [verb], má [3sg];
    OHG magan, mugan `be able' [verb]
    Notes:
    \{1\} The verb usually occurs in impersonal constructions. \{2\} The scholarly community is divided with respect to the question whether massi is a borrowing from Slavic (viz. Polish może) or a genuine Prussian form (see Mažiulis III: 114 for the relevant literature).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > mogti

  • 14 ȁsenь

    ȁsenь; ȁsenъ Grammatical information: m. jo; m. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `ash-tree'
    Page in Trubačev: I 79-80
    Russian:
    jásen' `ash-tree' [m jo]
    Czech:
    jasan `ash-tree' [m o];
    jasaň (dial.) `ash-tree' [m jo];
    jesen (obs.) `ash-tree' [m o];
    jeseň (dial.) `ash-tree' [m jo]
    Slovak:
    jaseň `ash-tree' [m jo]
    Polish:
    jesion `ash-tree' [m o];
    jasień (arch., S. dial.) `ash-tree' [m jo];
    jesień (arch.) `ash-tree' [m jo];
    jasion (arch., S. dial.) `ash-tree' [m o] \{1\}
    Old Polish:
    jasień `ash-tree' [m jo]
    Slovincian:
    jȧ̃sȯu̯n `ash-tree' [m o]
    Upper Sorbian:
    jaseń `ash-tree' [m jo]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jȁsēn `ash-tree' [m o], jȁsena [Gens];
    Čak. jȁsen (Vrgada) `ash-tree' [m o], jȁsena [Gens];
    Čak. jȅsēn (Novi) `ash-tree' [m o];
    Čak. jȅsen (Orbanići) `(European) ash (tree)' [m o], jȅsena [Gens]
    Slovene:
    jásen `ash-tree' [m o], jasẹ́na [Gens];
    jésen `ash-tree' [m o], jesẹ́na [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    jásen `ash-tree' [m o];
    ósen (N.) `ash-tree' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: oʔs-en-; oʔs-i-o-
    Lithuanian:
    úosis `ash-tree' [m io] 1
    Latvian:
    uôsis `ash-tree' [m io]
    Old Prussian:
    woasis (EV) `ash-tree'
    Indo-European reconstruction: Heh₃-s-
    IE meaning: ash-tree
    Comments: In view of the Baltic forms as well as Ru. ja- ( je- > ja- is common in West Slavic and western South Slavic but not in East Slavic), we must reconstruct *oʔs- < *Heh₃-s- for Balto-Slavic. Unless the West and South Slavic forms with je-/o- continue ja- (cf. Sɫawski SP I: 159), Slavic also offers evidence for the elsewhere in Indo-European widely attested stem shape *Hh₃es. The e-vocalism could be considered an example of Rozwadowski's change (see Andersen 1996).
    Other cognates:
    Lat. ornus `mountain-ash' [f];
    OIr. uinnius `ash-tree'
    ;
    OIc. askr `ash-tree'
    ;
    OHG asc `ash-tree'
    ;
    Arm. hac'i `ash-tree';
    Alb. ah `beech'
    Notes:
    \{1\} The Standard Polish form jesion originates from the Mazowian dialect area (Bańkowski 2000: 588).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ȁsenь

  • 15 ȁsenъ

    ȁsenь; ȁsenъ Grammatical information: m. jo; m. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `ash-tree'
    Page in Trubačev: I 79-80
    Russian:
    jásen' `ash-tree' [m jo]
    Czech:
    jasan `ash-tree' [m o];
    jasaň (dial.) `ash-tree' [m jo];
    jesen (obs.) `ash-tree' [m o];
    jeseň (dial.) `ash-tree' [m jo]
    Slovak:
    jaseň `ash-tree' [m jo]
    Polish:
    jesion `ash-tree' [m o];
    jasień (arch., S. dial.) `ash-tree' [m jo];
    jesień (arch.) `ash-tree' [m jo];
    jasion (arch., S. dial.) `ash-tree' [m o] \{1\}
    Old Polish:
    jasień `ash-tree' [m jo]
    Slovincian:
    jȧ̃sȯu̯n `ash-tree' [m o]
    Upper Sorbian:
    jaseń `ash-tree' [m jo]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jȁsēn `ash-tree' [m o], jȁsena [Gens];
    Čak. jȁsen (Vrgada) `ash-tree' [m o], jȁsena [Gens];
    Čak. jȅsēn (Novi) `ash-tree' [m o];
    Čak. jȅsen (Orbanići) `(European) ash (tree)' [m o], jȅsena [Gens]
    Slovene:
    jásen `ash-tree' [m o], jasẹ́na [Gens];
    jésen `ash-tree' [m o], jesẹ́na [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    jásen `ash-tree' [m o];
    ósen (N.) `ash-tree' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: oʔs-en-; oʔs-i-o-
    Lithuanian:
    úosis `ash-tree' [m io] 1
    Latvian:
    uôsis `ash-tree' [m io]
    Old Prussian:
    woasis (EV) `ash-tree'
    Indo-European reconstruction: Heh₃-s-
    IE meaning: ash-tree
    Comments: In view of the Baltic forms as well as Ru. ja- ( je- > ja- is common in West Slavic and western South Slavic but not in East Slavic), we must reconstruct *oʔs- < *Heh₃-s- for Balto-Slavic. Unless the West and South Slavic forms with je-/o- continue ja- (cf. Sɫawski SP I: 159), Slavic also offers evidence for the elsewhere in Indo-European widely attested stem shape *Hh₃es. The e-vocalism could be considered an example of Rozwadowski's change (see Andersen 1996).
    Other cognates:
    Lat. ornus `mountain-ash' [f];
    OIr. uinnius `ash-tree'
    ;
    OIc. askr `ash-tree'
    ;
    OHG asc `ash-tree'
    ;
    Arm. hac'i `ash-tree';
    Alb. ah `beech'
    Notes:
    \{1\} The Standard Polish form jesion originates from the Mazowian dialect area (Bańkowski 2000: 588).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ȁsenъ

  • 16 badli

    badli Grammatical information: m. ī Proto-Slavic meaning: `enchanter, healer, physician'
    Page in Trubačev: I 150
    Old Church Slavic:
    balii `physician' [m iā];
    bali (Cloz.) `physician' [m iā] \{1\}
    Church Slavic:
    bali (OSln.: FrD) `healer, Saviour' [m iā]
    Old Russian:
    balii `physician, enchanter' [m iā];
    balija `physician, enchanter' [m iā]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰeh₂-dʰl-
    IE meaning: enchanter
    Page in Pokorny: 105
    Comments: There is no direct evidence for a suffix *dʰl-ьji-, but the form bali from the Freising Fragments could be regarded as counter-evidence, as dl is regularly retained in this dialect, cf. modliti. It is not impossible, however, that bali is of Church Slavic origin. Trubačëv bases his reconstructions *badlьji and *badlovati chiefly on derivatives of the type of OCz. předlí `spinster', švadlí `needlewoman'. According to the ESSJa (I 137-138), further evidence for a suffix *-dʰl- is provided by SCr. bȁjalo m. `sorcerer', Ru. dial. bájala m.f. `talker, chatterer, story-teller', which may be transformations of *badlьji. Meillet's idea (1902-1905: I 417) that * bali is based on a derivative in -l- deserves consideration.
    Notes:
    \{1\} Cf. balovanije `treatment', balьstvo `cure, medicine'.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > badli

  • 17 čèznǫti

    čèznǫti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `disappear'
    Page in Trubačev: IV 100-101
    Russian:
    čéznut' (dial.) `disappear, vanish, perish' [verb]
    Ukrainian:
    čéznuty `disappear, (dial.) perish' [verb]
    Polish:
    czeznąć (obs.) `wither, disappear, vanish' [verb] \{1\}
    Serbo-Croatian:
    čȅznuti `thirst for, long for, yearn' [verb], čȅznēm [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    čézna `disappear, vanish' [verb]
    Notes:
    \{1\} According to Bańkowski (2000: 229), this word was originally limited to the eastern dialects and must be considered a ruthenism.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > čèznǫti

  • 18 dě̀verь

    dě̀verь Grammatical information: m. jo Accent paradigm: a (c) Proto-Slavic meaning: `husband's brother'
    Page in Trubačev: V 19
    Russian:
    déver' `husband's brother' [m jo], dever'já [Nom p] \{1\}
    Old Czech:
    deveř `husband's brother' [m jo]
    Old Polish:
    dziewierz `husband's brother' [m jo]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    djȅvēr `husband's brother, best man' [m o];
    Čak. dȉver (Vrgada) `husband's brother, best man' [m o];
    Čak. dȅver (Orbanići) `marriage witness' [m o]
    Slovene:
    dẹvę̑r `husband's brother' [m jo], dẹvȇrja [Gens];
    dẹ́ver `husband's brother, best man' [m o], dẹ́vera [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    déver `husband's brother, best man' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: dáʔiuer-
    Lithuanian:
    díeveris `husband's brother' [m i] 1;
    dieverìs `husband's brother' [m i] 3a
    Latvian:
    diẽveris `husband's brother' [m io]
    Indo-European reconstruction: deh₂i-uer-
    IE meaning: husband's brother
    Certainty: +
    Comments: In case-forms with original stress on the suffix one expects root stress as a result of Hirt's law. This accounts for the many indications for root stress in both Baltic and Slavic.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. devár- `husband's brother'
    ;
    Gk. δα̑ήρ `husband's brother'
    Notes:
    \{1\} AP (a) in Old Russian (Zaliznjak 1985: 138).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > dě̀verь

  • 19 drobìti

    drobìti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `crumble, crush'
    Page in Trubačev: V 119
    Old Church Slavic:
    droběi (Supr.) `crushing' [pprsa]
    Church Slavic:
    drobiti `crumble, chop, break' [verb]
    Russian:
    drobít' `crush' [verb], drobljú [1sg], drobít [3sg]
    Czech:
    drobiti `crumble, chop, crush' [verb]
    Slovak:
    drobit' `crumble, chop, crush' [verb]
    Polish:
    drobić `crumble' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    dròbiti `crush, crumble' [verb], drȍbīm [1sg];
    Čak. drobȉti (Vrgada) `crush, crumble' [verb], drobĩš [2sg];
    Čak. drobȉt (Vrgada) `pulverize, crush' [verb], drobĩn [1sg]
    Slovene:
    drobíti `crumble, mince' [verb], drobím [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    drobjá `crumble' [verb]
    Certainty: -
    Page in Pokorny: 272
    Comments: LIV (153) reconstructs * dʰreb- on the basis of Germanic forms such as OIc. drepa `beat, kill', OHG treffan `hit'. Since this proto-form is in conflict with Winter's law, I reconstruct *dʰrobʰ-eie- for Slavic. The discrepancy between Slavic may have something to do with the fact that the etymon is of non-Indo-European origin or Kluge's law may have played a role.
    Other cognates:
    Go. gadraban `cut out' [verb] \{1\}
    Notes:
    \{1\} Unless this is a mistake for gagraban.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > drobìti

  • 20 drozdъ

    drozdъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: c (/b?) Proto-Slavic meaning: `thrush'
    Page in Trubačev: V 126-127
    Russian:
    drozd `thrush, (čërnyj d. ) blackbird' [m o], drozdá [Gens] \{1\}
    Ukrainian:
    drizd `thrush' [m o], drozdá [Gens]
    Czech:
    drozd `thrush' [m o]
    Slovak:
    drozd `thrush' [m o]
    Polish:
    drozd `thrush' [m o]
    Slovincian:
    drȯ́u̯zd `thrush' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    drȏzd `thrush' [m o];
    drȏzak `thrush' [m o], drȏzga [Gens];
    drȏzak `thrush' [m o], drȍzga [Gens];
    Čak. drȍzak `thrush' [m o], drȍzga [Accs]
    Slovene:
    drǫ̑zd `thrush' [m o];
    drǫ̑zg `thrush, (črni d. ) blackbird' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    drozd `thrush, (coll.) blackbird' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: trozdós
    Lithuanian:
    strãzdas `thrush, (juodasis s.) blackbird, (dial.) starling' [m o] 4
    Latvian:
    strazds `thrush, (melnais s.) blackbird, (mājas s. ) starling' [m o]
    Old Prussian:
    tresde `thrush'
    Indo-European reconstruction: trozd-o-
    Comments: In order to explain why * drozdъ was not, or rather only partly affected by the generalization of accentual mobilty in masculine o-stems, Illič-Svityč (1963: 45) reconstructs an u -stem, referring to OIc. ʮrǫstr < *-uz. I am inclined to consider the possibility that owing to the cluster - zd-, which prevented the Balto-Slavic retraction called Ebeling's law, *drozdъ belonged to a marginal oxytone type that in principle merged with AP (b). In that case it is no longer necessary to posit a u-stem. It must be said, by the way, that the evidence for AP (c) seems to outweigh the evidence for (c).
    Other cognates:
    Lat. turdus `thrush'
    ;
    OIr. truit `thrush' [f] \{2\};
    OIc. ʮrǫstr `thrush'
    Notes:
    \{1\} AP (c) in Old Russian (Zaliznjak 1985: 137). \{2\} OIr. also truid, druid.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > drozdъ

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