Перевод: со всех языков на все языки

со всех языков на все языки

first-use+weapons

  • 41 пустить в дело

    • ПУСКАТЬ/ПУСТИТЬ В ХОД что
    [VP; subj: human; usu. this WO]
    =====
    1. [usu. pfv]
    ⇒ to set sth. (usu. a factory, plant etc) operating:
    - X пустил Y в ход≈ X got (set) Y going (running).
         ♦ "Он временно принял директорство над филиалом. На весь наладочный период. Пустит машину в ход, подготовит директора из местных и только тогда вернётся" (Залыгин I). "He's taken on temporary directorship of the branch till it gets started properly. He'll set things running, train a local man as director, and won't come back till he's done it" (1a).
    2. Also: ПУСКАТЬ/ПУСТИТЬ В ДЕЛО [var. with дело is used in refer, to a tool, weapon etc]
    ⇒ to employ or start to employ (some means, device, instrument etc) in order to achieve one's goal:
    - X пустил в ход Y ≈ X put Y to use;
    - X brought Y into play (into service, into action);
    - [in limited contexts] X set Y in motion;
    || X пустил в ход своё обаяние (все свои чары и т. п.) ≈ X turned on the (all his) charm;
    - X did everything in his power.
         ♦ У них есть оружие. Они пустят его в ход (Аксёнов 6). They have weapons. They are going to put them to use (6a).
         ♦ "Эндурцы испокон веков ядами промышляют. Они с такой хитростью яды пускают в ход - ни один прокурор не подкопается" (Искандер 5). "The Endurskies have dealt in poisons since time immemorial. They're so sly about using poisons that no prosecutor has ever trapped them" (5a)
         ♦ " Я... пустил в ход величайшее и незыблемое средство к покорению женского сердца, средство, которое никогда и никого не обманет и которое действует решительно на всех до единой, без всякого исключения. Это средство известное - лесть" (Достоевский 3). "I...brought into play the greatest and most reliable of all instruments for the subjugation of the female heart, the instrument that never fails, that works on absolutely every single woman without exception. This instrument is well-known: flattery" (3a).
         ♦ Испуганные буржуа травили революцию, как дикого зверя; все было пушено в ход: клевета и слезоточивые газы, демагогия и тюрьмы (Эренбург 4). The terrified bourgeois hunted down the revolution like a wild animal. Every weapon was brought into service: slander and tear-gas, demagogy and imprisonment (4a).
         ♦...Пуская в ход весь аппарат своей поржавелой, скрипучей, но всё такой же извилистой логики, [Чернышевский] сначала мотивировал свою досаду тем, что его считают вором, желавшим наживать капитал, а затем объяснял, что гнев его был, собственно, напоказ, ради Ольги Сократовны... (Набоков 1)....Setting in motion the whole apparatus of his logic - rusty, creaky but still as wriggly as ever, he [Chemyshevski] at first justified his ire by the fact that he was being taken for a thief who wished to acquire capital, and then explained that his anger was actually only a sham for Olga Sokratovna's sake., (1a).
         ♦ [Юлия:] Сейчас сюда приедет министр финансов, и я пушу в ход все свои чары и узнаю, что они затевают (Шварц 3). [J.:] The Minister of Finance will be here any minute, and I'll turn on all my charm and find out what they're cooking up (3a).
    3. to introduce sth. into general, common usage, promote the dissemination of sth.:
    - X пустил в ход Y ≈ X put Y in(to) circulation;
    - X started Y.
         ♦ "Ты представляешь, какие откроются перспективы, если пустить твоё открытие в ход!" (Аксёнов 6). "Just imagine what prospects could open up if your discovery were to be put into circulation!" (6a).
         ♦ Кто пустил его [Самиздат] в ход, неизвестно, как он работает, понять нельзя... (Мандельштам 2). Who started it [samizdat], nobody knows, and the way it works is beyond our comprehension... (2a)

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > пустить в дело

  • 42 пустить в ход

    • ПУСКАТЬ/ПУСТИТЬ В ХОД что
    [VP; subj: human; usu. this WO]
    =====
    1. [usu. pfv]
    ⇒ to set sth. (usu. a factory, plant etc) operating:
    - X пустил Y в ход≈ X got (set) Y going (running).
         ♦ "Он временно принял директорство над филиалом. На весь наладочный период. Пустит машину в ход, подготовит директора из местных и только тогда вернётся" (Залыгин I). "He's taken on temporary directorship of the branch till it gets started properly. He'll set things running, train a local man as director, and won't come back till he's done it" (1a).
    2. Also: ПУСКАТЬ/ПУСТИТЬ В ДЕЛО [var. with дело is used in refer, to a tool, weapon etc]
    ⇒ to employ or start to employ (some means, device, instrument etc) in order to achieve one's goal:
    - X пустил в ход Y ≈ X put Y to use;
    - X brought Y into play (into service, into action);
    - [in limited contexts] X set Y in motion;
    || X пустил в ход своё обаяние (все свои чары и т. п.) ≈ X turned on the (all his) charm;
    - X did everything in his power.
         ♦ У них есть оружие. Они пустят его в ход (Аксёнов 6). They have weapons. They are going to put them to use (6a).
         ♦ "Эндурцы испокон веков ядами промышляют. Они с такой хитростью яды пускают в ход - ни один прокурор не подкопается" (Искандер 5). "The Endurskies have dealt in poisons since time immemorial. They're so sly about using poisons that no prosecutor has ever trapped them" (5a)
         ♦ " Я... пустил в ход величайшее и незыблемое средство к покорению женского сердца, средство, которое никогда и никого не обманет и которое действует решительно на всех до единой, без всякого исключения. Это средство известное - лесть" (Достоевский 3). "I...brought into play the greatest and most reliable of all instruments for the subjugation of the female heart, the instrument that never fails, that works on absolutely every single woman without exception. This instrument is well-known: flattery" (3a).
         ♦ Испуганные буржуа травили революцию, как дикого зверя; все было пушено в ход: клевета и слезоточивые газы, демагогия и тюрьмы (Эренбург 4). The terrified bourgeois hunted down the revolution like a wild animal. Every weapon was brought into service: slander and tear-gas, demagogy and imprisonment (4a).
         ♦...Пуская в ход весь аппарат своей поржавелой, скрипучей, но всё такой же извилистой логики, [Чернышевский] сначала мотивировал свою досаду тем, что его считают вором, желавшим наживать капитал, а затем объяснял, что гнев его был, собственно, напоказ, ради Ольги Сократовны... (Набоков 1)....Setting in motion the whole apparatus of his logic - rusty, creaky but still as wriggly as ever, he [Chemyshevski] at first justified his ire by the fact that he was being taken for a thief who wished to acquire capital, and then explained that his anger was actually only a sham for Olga Sokratovna's sake., (1a).
         ♦ [Юлия:] Сейчас сюда приедет министр финансов, и я пушу в ход все свои чары и узнаю, что они затевают (Шварц 3). [J.:] The Minister of Finance will be here any minute, and I'll turn on all my charm and find out what they're cooking up (3a).
    3. to introduce sth. into general, common usage, promote the dissemination of sth.:
    - X пустил в ход Y ≈ X put Y in(to) circulation;
    - X started Y.
         ♦ "Ты представляешь, какие откроются перспективы, если пустить твоё открытие в ход!" (Аксёнов 6). "Just imagine what prospects could open up if your discovery were to be put into circulation!" (6a).
         ♦ Кто пустил его [Самиздат] в ход, неизвестно, как он работает, понять нельзя... (Мандельштам 2). Who started it [samizdat], nobody knows, and the way it works is beyond our comprehension... (2a)

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > пустить в ход

  • 43 hand

    A n
    1 Anat main f ; he had a pencil/book in his hand il avait un crayon/un livre dans la main ; she had a pistol/umbrella in her hand elle avait un pistolet/un parapluie à la main ; he stood there, gun/suitcase in hand il était là, un pistolet/une valise à la main ; to get ou lay one's hands on mettre la main sur [money, information, key, person] ; he eats/steals everything he can get ou lay his hands on il mange/vole tout ce qui lui passe sous le nez ; to keep one's hands off sth ne pas toucher à [computer, money] ; to keep one's hands off sb laisser qn tranquille ; they could hardly keep their hands off each other ils avaient du mal à se retenir pour ne pas se toucher ; to take sb's hand prendre la main de qn ; to take sb by the hand prendre qn par la main ; they were holding hands ils se donnaient la main ; to hold sb's hand lit tenir qn par la main ; fig ( give support) [person] tenir la main à qn ; [government] soutenir qn ; to do ou make sth by hand faire qch à la main ; the letter was delivered by hand la lettre a été remise en mains propres ; ‘by hand’ ( on envelope) ‘par porteur’ ; they gave me 50 dollars in my hand il m'ont donné 50 dollars de la main à la main ; from hand to hand de main en main ; look! no hands! regarde! sans les mains! ; to have one's hands full lit avoir les mains pleines ; fig avoir assez à faire ; to seize an opportunity with both hands saisir l'occasion à deux mains ; hands up, or I shoot! les mains en l'air, ou je tire! ; to be on one's hands and knees être à quatre pattes ; we can always use another pair of hands une autre paire de bras ne serait pas de trop ; hands off ○ ! pas touche ○ !, bas les pattes ○ ! ; ‘hands off our schools’ ( slogan at rally) ‘ne touchez pas à nos écoles’ ; please put your hands together for Max! s'il vous plaît applaudissez Max! ;
    2 ( handwriting) écriture f ; in a neat hand rédigé d'une belle écriture ; in her own hand rédigé de sa propre main ;
    3 (influence, involvement) influence f ; to have a hand in sth prendre part à [decision, project] ; avoir quelque chose à voir avec [demonstration, robbery] ; to have a hand in planning ou organizing sth prendre part à l'organisation de qch ; to stay ou hold one's hand patienter ; I thought I recognized your hand j'ai cru avoir reconnu ton style ;
    4 ( assistance) coup m de main ; to give ou lend sb a (helping) hand donner un coup de main à qn ; I need a hand with my suitcases j'ai besoin d'un coup de main pour porter mes valises ;
    5 ( round of applause) to give sb a big hand applaudir qn très fort ; let's have a big hand for the winner! applaudissons bien fort le gagnant! ;
    6 ( consent to marriage) to ask for/win sb's hand (in marriage) demander/obtenir la main de qn (en mariage) ;
    7 ( possession) to be in sb's hands [money, painting, document, power, affair] être entre les mains de qn ; the painting is in private hands le tableau est entre les mains d'un particulier ; to change hands changer de mains ; to fall ou get into sb's hands [information, equipment] tomber entre les mains de qn ; to fall ou get into the wrong hands [documents, weapons] tomber en mauvaises mains ; in the right hands this information could be useful en bonnes mains, cette information pourrait être utile ; to be in good ou safe hands [child, money] être en bonnes mains ; to put one's life in sb's hands remettre sa vie entre les mains de qn ; to place ou put sth in sb's hands confier qch à qn [department, office] ; remettre qch entre les mains de qn [matter, affair] ; to play into sb's hands jouer le jeu de qn ; the matter is out of my hands cette affaire n'est plus de mon ressort ;
    8 ( control) to get out of hand [expenditure, inflation] déraper ; [children, fans] devenir incontrôlable ; [demonstration, party] dégénérer ; things are getting out of hand on est en train de perdre le contrôle de la situation ; to take sth in hand prendre [qch] en main [situation] ; s'occuper de [problem] ; to take sb in hand prendre qn en main [child, troublemaker] ;
    9 Games ( cards dealt) jeu m ; ( game) partie f ; to show one's hand lit, fig montrer son jeu ; to throw in one's hand lit, fig abandonner la partie ;
    10 ( worker) Agric ouvrier/-ière m/f agricole ; Ind ouvrier/-ière m/f ; Naut membre m de l'équipage ; the ship went down with all hands le bateau a coulé corps et biens ;
    11 ( responsibility) to have sth/sb on one's hands avoir qch/qn sur les bras [unsold stock, surplus] ; to take sb/sth off sb's hands débarrasser qn de qn/qch ; to have sth off one's hands ne plus avoir qch sur les bras ; they'll have a strike on their hands if they're not careful ils vont se retrouver avec une grève sur les bras s'ils ne font pas attention ;
    12 ( available) to keep/have sth to hand garder/avoir qch sous la main [passport, pen, telephone number] ; to be on hand [person] être disponible ; the fire extinguisher was close to hand ou near at hand l'extincteur n'était pas loin ; help was close at hand les secours étaient à proximité ; to grab the first coat that comes to hand attraper n'importe quel manteau ;
    13 ( skill) to try one's hand at sth s'essayer à [photography, marketing] ; to try one's hand at driving/painting s'essayer à la conduite/la peinture ; to set ou turn one's hand to sth/doing entreprendre qch/de faire ; she can turn her hand to almost anything elle sait pratiquement tout faire ; to keep/get one's hand in garder/se faire la main ;
    14 ( pointer) (on clock, dial) aiguille f ; the hour/minute hand l'aiguille des heures/minutes ;
    15 Equit, Meas = 10,16 cm ;
    16 Culin ( of bananas) régime m ; a hand of pork un jambonneau ;
    17 †( signature) to set one's hand to apposer sa signature à [document] ;
    18 ( source) I got the information first/second hand j'ai eu l'information de première main/par l'intermédiaire de quelqu'un ;
    19 (aspect, side) on the one hand…, on the other hand… d'une part… d'autre part… ; on the other hand ( conversely) par contre ; on every hand partout.
    1 ( current) en cours ( never after v) ; the job/matter in hand le travail/l'affaire en cours ;
    2 ( underway) en cours ; work on the road is already in hand les travaux sur la route sont déjà en cours ; the preparations are well in hand les préparatifs sont bien avancés ;
    3 ( to spare) I've got 50 dollars in hand il me reste 50 dollars ; she finished the exam with 20 minutes in hand elle a terminé l'examen avec 20 minutes d'avance ; I'll do it when I have some time in hand je le ferai quand j'aurai du temps devant moi ; stock in hand Comm marchandises en stock.
    C out of hand adv phr [reject, condemn, dismiss] d'emblée.
    D at the hands of prep phr his treatment at the hands of his captors la façon dont il a été traité par ses ravisseurs ; our defeat at the hands of the French team notre défaite contre l'équipe française.
    E vtr ( give) to hand sb sth ou to hand sth to sb donner qch à qn [form, letter, ticket] ; passer qch à qn [knife, screwdriver] ; remettre qch à qn [trophy] ; to hand sb out of a car aider qn à sortir d'une voiture.
    the left hand doesn't know what the right hand is doing la main gauche ignore ce que fait la droite ; to know sth like the back of one's hand connaître qch comme le dos de la main ; many hands make light work Prov plus on est nombreux plus ça va vite ; I could do that with one hand tied behind my back! je pourrais le faire les doigts dans le nez ○ ! ; you've got to hand it to her/them… il faut lui/leur faire cette justice… ; he never does a hand's turn il ne remue pas le petit doigt ; to win hands down gagner haut la main.
    ■ hand back:
    ▶ hand [sth] back, hand back [sth] rendre [object, essay, colony] (to à).
    ■ hand down:
    ▶ hand [sth] down, hand down [sth] ( transmit) transmettre [heirloom, property, tradition, skill, story] (from de ; to à) ;
    ▶ hand [sth] down to sb, hand down [sth] to sb
    1 ( pass) faire passer [qch] à qn [boxes, books] ;
    2 ( pass on after use) passer [qch] à qn [old clothes].
    ■ hand in:
    ▶ hand [sth] in, hand in [sth]
    1 ( submit) remettre [form, petition, ticket] (to à) ; rendre [homework] ; to hand in one's notice ou resignation donner sa démission ;
    2 ( return) rendre [equipment, keys].
    ■ hand on:
    ▶ hand [sth] on, hand on [sth] passer [collection plate, baton].
    ■ hand out:
    ▶ hand [sth] out, hand out [sth] distribuer [food, leaflets] distribuer [punishments, fines] ; péj prodiguer pej [advice].
    ■ hand over:
    1 TV, Radio [presenter] passer l'antenne à [reporter, presenter] ;
    2 ( transfer power) passer la main à [deputy, successor] ;
    ▶ hand over [sth], hand [sth] over rendre [weapon] ; céder [collection, savings, territory, title, business, company] ; livrer [secret] ; transmettre [power, problem] ; remettre [keys] ; céder [microphone, controls] ; the mugger forced him to hand over his money le voleur l'a obligé à lui remettre son argent ; that pen's mine, hand it over! ce stylo est à moi, rends-le moi! ;
    ▶ hand [sb] over, hand over [sb] livrer [prisoner, terrorist] (to à) ; to hand a baby/patient over to sb remettre un enfant/un malade entre les mains de qn.
    ▶ hand [sth] round, hand round [sth] faire circuler [collection plate, leaflets, drinks, sandwiches].
    ■ hand up:
    ▶ hand [sth] up to sb passer [qch] à qn [hammer, box].

    Big English-French dictionary > hand

  • 44 Fermi, Enrico

    [br]
    b. 29 September 1901 Rome, Italy
    d. 28 November 1954 Chicago, USA
    [br]
    Italian nuclear physicist.
    [br]
    Fermi was one of the most versatile of twentieth-century physicists, one of the few to excel in both theory and experiment. His greatest theoretical achievements lay in the field of statistics and his theory of beta decay. His statistics, parallel to but independent of Dirac, were the key to the modern theory of metals and the statistical modds of the atomic nucleus. On the experimental side, his most notable discoveries were artificial radioactivity produced by neutron bombardment and the realization of a controlled nuclear chain reaction, in the world's first nuclear reactor.
    Fermi received a conventional education with a chemical bias, but reached proficiency in mathematics and physics largely through his own reading. He studied at Pisa University, where he taught himself modern physics and then travelled to extend his knowledge, spending time with Max Born at Göttingen. On his return to Italy, he secured posts in Florence and, in 1927, in Rome, where he obtained the first Italian Chair in Theoretical Physics, a subject in which Italy had so far lagged behind. He helped to bring about a rebirth of physics in Italy and devoted himself to the application of statistics to his model of the atom. For this work, Fermi was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1938, but in December of that year, finding the Fascist regime uncongenial, he transferred to the USA and Columbia University. The news that nuclear fission had been achieved broke shortly before the Second World War erupted and it stimulated Fermi to consider this a way of generating secondary nuclear emission and the initiation of chain reactions. His experiments in this direction led first to the discovery of slow neutrons.
    Fermi's work assumed a more practical aspect when he was invited to join the Manhattan Project for the construction of the first atomic bomb. His small-scale work at Columbia became large-scale at Chicago University. This culminated on 2 December 1942 when the first controlled nuclear reaction took place at Stagg Field, Chicago, an historic event indeed. Later, Fermi spent most of the period from September 1944 to early 1945 at Los Alamos, New Mexico, taking part in the preparations for the first test explosion of the atomic bomb on 16 July 1945. President Truman invited Fermi to serve on his Committee to advise him on the use of the bomb. Then Chicago University established an Institute for Nuclear Studies and offered Fermi a professorship, which he took up early in 1946, spending the rest of his relatively short life there.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Nobel Prize for Physics 1938.
    Bibliography
    1962–5, Collected Papers, ed. E.Segrè et al., 2 vols, Chicago (includes a biographical introduction and bibliography).
    Further Reading
    L.Fermi, 1954, Atoms in the Family, Chicago (a personal account by his wife).
    E.Segrè, 1970, Enrico Fermi, Physicist, Chicago (deals with the more scientific aspects of his life).
    LRD

    Biographical history of technology > Fermi, Enrico

  • 45 Wallis, Sir Barnes Neville

    [br]
    b. 26 September 1887 Ripley, Derbyshire, England
    d. 30 October 1979 Leatherhead, Surrey, England
    [br]
    English aeronautical designer and inventor.
    [br]
    Wallis was apprenticed first at Thames Engineering Works, and then, in 1908, at John Samuel White's shipyard at Cowes. In 1913, the Government, spurred on by the accelerating development of the German Zeppelins (see Zeppelin, Ferdinand von), ordered an airship from Vickers; Wallis was invited to join the design team. Thus began his long association with aeronautical design and with Vickers. This airship, and the R80 that followed it, were successfully completed, but the military lost interest in them.
    In 1924 the Government initiated a programme for the construction of two airships to settle once and for all their viability for long-dis-tance air travel. The R101 was designed by a Government-sponsored team, but the R100 was designed by Wallis working for a subsidiary of Vickers. The R100 took off on 29 July 1930 for a successful round trip to Canada, but the R101 crashed on its first flight on 4 October, killing many of its distinguished passengers. The shock of this disaster brought airship development in Britain to an abrupt end and forced Wallis to direct his attention to aircraft.
    In aircraft design, Wallis is known for his use of geodesic construction, which combined lightness with strength. It was applied first to the single-engined "Wellesley" and then the twin-en-gined "Wellington" bomber, which first flew in 1936. With successive modifications, it became the workhorse of RAF Bomber Command during the Second World War until the autumn of 1943, when it was replaced by four-engined machines. In other areas, it remained in service until the end of the war and, in all, no fewer than 11,461 were built.
    Wallis is best known for his work on bomb design, first the bouncing bomb that was used to breach the Möhne and Eder dams in the Ruhr district of Germany in 1943, an exploit immortalized in the film Dambusters. Encouraged by this success, the authorities then allowed Wallis to realize an idea he had long urged, that of heavy, penetration bombs. In the closing stages of the war, Tallboy, of 12,000 lb (5,400 kg), and the 10-ton Grand Slam were used to devastating effect.
    After the Second World War, Wallis returned to aeronautical design and was given his own department at Vickers to promote his ideas, principally on variable-geometry or swing-wing aircraft. Over the next thirteen years he battled towards the prototype stage of this revolutionary concept. That never came, however; changing conditions and requirements and increasing costs led to the abandonment of the project. Bit-terly disappointed, Wallis continued his researches into high-speed aircraft until his retirement from Vickers (by then the British Aircraft Corporation), in 1971.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Knighted 1968. FRS 1945.
    Further Reading
    J.Morpurgo, 1972, Barnes Wallis: A Biography, London: Longman (a readable account, rather biased in Wallis's favour).
    C.J.Heap, 1987, The Papers of Sir Barnes Wallis (1887–1979) in the Science Museum Library, London: Science Museum; with a biographical introd. by L.R.Day.
    LRD

    Biographical history of technology > Wallis, Sir Barnes Neville

  • 46 hand

    hand [hænd]
    main ⇒ 1 (a)-(c), 1 (g) aiguille ⇒ 1 (h) écriture ⇒ 1 (i) paume ⇒ 1 (j) ouvrier ⇒ 1 (k) passer ⇒ 2 donner ⇒ 2
    1 noun
    ∎ to hold sb's hand tenir la main de qn;
    ∎ I held her hand je lui ai tenu la main;
    ∎ figurative she's asked me to go along and hold her hand elle m'a demandé de l'accompagner pour lui donner du courage;
    ∎ to hold hands se tenir par la main;
    ∎ to take sb's hand, to take sb by the hand prendre qn par la main, prendre la main de qn;
    ∎ to lead sb by the hand conduire qn par la main;
    ∎ he writes with his left hand il écrit de la main gauche;
    ∎ to put one's hands over one's eyes se couvrir les yeux de ses mains;
    ∎ to be on one's hands and knees être à quatre pattes;
    ∎ figurative to go down on one's hands and knees se mettre à genoux ou à plat ventre;
    ∎ to be good with one's hands être adroit de ses mains;
    ∎ my hands are full j'ai les mains occupées ou prises;
    ∎ figurative to have one's hands full avoir beaucoup à faire, avoir du pain sur la planche;
    ∎ I've got my hands full trying to cope as it is j'ai déjà assez à faire comme ça;
    ∎ to lay one's hands on sth (find) mettre la main sur qch;
    ∎ to get or to lay one's hands on sth (obtain) dénicher qch;
    ∎ to lay hands on sb faire violence à qn;
    ∎ figurative just wait till I get or lay my hands on her! attends un peu que je l'attrape!;
    ∎ to lift or to raise a hand to sb lever la main sur qn;
    ∎ figurative he never lifts a hand to help il ne lève jamais le petit doigt pour aider;
    ∎ hands off! bas les pattes!, pas touche!;
    ∎ hands off the unions/education system! pas touche aux syndicats/au système éducatif!;
    ∎ he can't keep his hands to himself il a la main baladeuse;
    ∎ I only have one pair of hands! je n'ai que deux mains!;
    ∎ look - no hands! (cyclist) sans les mains!;
    ∎ take your hands off me! ne me touche pas!;
    ∎ (put your) hands up! les mains en l'air!, haut les mains!;
    ∎ School hands up anyone who knows the answer que ceux qui connaissent la réponse lèvent le doigt ou la main;
    ∎ hands up all those who agree que ceux qui sont d'accord lèvent la main;
    ∎ to tie sb's hands attacher les mains de qn;
    ∎ they tied my hands behind my back ils m'ont lié ou attaché les mains dans le dos;
    ∎ I could do it with one hand tied behind my back je pourrais le faire sans aucun effort ou les doigts dans le nez;
    ∎ figurative my hands are tied j'ai les mains liées;
    ∎ figurative to sit on one's hands (applaud half-heartedly) applaudir sans enthousiasme; (do nothing) ne rien faire;
    ∎ to ask for sb's hand in marriage demander la main de qn, demander qn en mariage;
    ∎ at hand, near or close at hand (about to happen) proche; (nearby) à proximité;
    ∎ the hour is at hand l'heure est proche;
    ∎ to suffer at the hands of sb souffrir aux mains ou dans les mains de qn;
    ∎ to pass sth from hand to hand faire passer qch de mains en mains;
    ∎ hand in hand la main dans la main;
    ∎ figurative to go hand in hand (with sth) aller de pair (avec qch);
    ∎ to be hand in glove with sb travailler en étroite collaboration avec qn;
    ∎ to make money hand over fist gagner un argent fou;
    ∎ British familiar she doesn't do a hand's turn elle n'en fiche pas une;
    ∎ to live from hand to mouth tirer le diable par la queue;
    ∎ figurative to win hands down gagner haut la main;
    ∎ to beat sb hands down battre qn à plates couture(s);
    ∎ proverb many hands make light work = à beaucoup d'ouvriers la tâche devient aisée;
    ∎ on the one hand... but on the other hand... (used in the same sentence) d'un côté... mais de l'autre...;
    ∎ to give sb a hand (with sth) donner un coup de main à qn;
    ∎ to lend a hand mettre la main à la pâte;
    ∎ do you need a hand (with that)? as-tu besoin d'un coup de main?
    (c) (control, management)
    ∎ to need a firm hand avoir besoin d'être sérieusement pris en main;
    ∎ to rule with a firm hand diriger avec de la poigne;
    ∎ to take sb/sth in hand prendre qn/qch en main;
    ∎ to be out of hand (dog, child) ne rien écouter;
    ∎ to get out of hand (dog, child) devenir indocile; (meeting, situation) échapper à tout contrôle;
    ∎ the garden is getting out of hand le jardin à l'air d'une vraie jungle;
    ∎ to change hands (company, restaurant etc) changer de propriétaire;
    ∎ it's out of my hands cela ne m'appartient plus, ce n'est plus ma responsabilité ou de mon ressort;
    ∎ the matter is in the hands of the headmaster la question relève maintenant ou est maintenant du ressort du principal;
    ∎ I have put the matter in the hands of a lawyer j'ai confié l'affaire à un avocat;
    ∎ the answer lies in your own hands la solution est entre tes mains;
    ∎ to have too much time on one's hands avoir trop de temps à soi;
    ∎ to have sb/sth on one's hands avoir qn/qch sur les bras;
    ∎ now that that's off my hands à présent que je suis débarrassé de cela;
    ∎ it's out of my hands je ne peux (plus) rien y faire;
    ∎ to fall into the hands of the enemy tomber entre les mains de l'ennemi;
    ∎ to fall into the wrong hands (information, secret etc) tomber en de mauvaises mains;
    ∎ in the wrong hands this knowledge could be very dangerous si elles tombaient aux mains de personnes malintentionnées, ces connaissances pourraient être très dangereuses;
    ∎ in the right hands en de bonnes mains;
    ∎ to be in good or safe hands être en de bonnes mains;
    ∎ can I leave this in your hands? puis-je te demander de t'en occuper?;
    ∎ it leaves too much power in the hands of the police cela laisse trop de pouvoir à la police;
    ∎ to give sb a free hand donner carte blanche à qn;
    ∎ to take matters into one's own hands prendre les choses en main
    ∎ to give sb a (big) hand applaudir qn (bien fort)
    (e) (influence, involvement)
    ∎ to have a hand in sth avoir quelque chose à voir dans qch, être impliqué dans qch;
    ∎ I had no hand in it je n'avais rien à voir là-dedans, je n'y étais pour rien;
    ∎ I see or detect your hand in this j'y vois ta marque
    (f) (skill, ability)
    ∎ to have a light hand with pastry réussir une pâte légère;
    ∎ she can turn her hand to anything elle peut tout faire;
    ∎ to keep one's hand in garder la main;
    ∎ I was never much of a hand at it je n'ai jamais été très doué pour cela;
    ∎ to try one's hand at sth s'essayer à qch
    (g) (in cards → cards held) main f, jeu m; (→ round, game) partie f; (→ player) joueur(euse) m,f;
    ∎ to have a good hand avoir du jeu;
    ∎ first/fourth hand (player) premie(ère) m,f/dernier(ère) m,f en cartes;
    ∎ figurative to show or to reveal one's hand dévoiler son jeu;
    ∎ figurative to throw in one's hand jeter l'éponge
    (h) (of clock, watch) aiguille f; (of signpost, barometer) indicateur m;
    ∎ the little hand is pointing to three la petite aiguille est sur le trois
    (i) (handwriting) écriture f;
    ∎ to have a good hand avoir une belle écriture
    ∎ a horse fifteen hands high un cheval de quinze paumes
    (k) (worker) ouvrier(ère) m,f; (on ship) homme m, membre m de l'équipage;
    ∎ the ship was lost with all hands le navire a sombré corps et biens;
    ∎ old hand expert m, vieux m de la vieille;
    ∎ to be an old hand at sth avoir une vaste expérience de qch;
    ∎ also figurative all hands to the pump tout le monde à la rescousse
    (l) (of bananas) régime m;
    ∎ hand of pork jambonneau m
    passer, donner;
    ∎ to hand sth to sb, to hand sb sth passer ou donner qch à qn;
    ∎ to hand sb a letter/telegram remettre une lettre/un télégramme à qn;
    ∎ figurative to hand sth to sb on a plate apporter à qn qch sur un plateau;
    ∎ figurative you have to hand it to her, she IS a good mother c'est une bonne mère, il faut lui accorder cela
    (written) à la main; (made, knitted, sewn) (à la) main;
    ∎ to wash sth by hand laver qch à la main;
    ∎ to send sth by hand faire porter qch;
    ∎ to rear an animal by hand élever un animal au biberon
    (a) (available → money) disponible; (→ time) devant soi;
    ∎ British do we have any time in hand? avons-nous du temps devant nous?
    ∎ the matter is in hand on s'occupe de l'affaire;
    ∎ I have the situation well in hand j'ai la situation bien en main;
    ∎ to return to the matter in hand revenir à ses moutons;
    ∎ keep your mind on the job in hand concentre-toi sur l'affaire en cours
    (person) disponible
    (immediately) sur-le-champ
    (letter, information etc) sous la main;
    ∎ use what comes to hand prends ce que tu as sous la main;
    ∎ he took the first one that came to hand il a pris le premier qui lui est tombé sous la main;
    ∎ the first excuse to hand le premier prétexte venu
    ►► hand baggage (UNCOUNT) bagages mpl à main;
    hand controls commandes fpl manuelles;
    hand cream crème f pour les mains;
    Military hand grenade grenade f à main;
    hand lotion lotion f pour les mains;
    hand luggage (UNCOUNT) bagages mpl à main;
    hand microphone micro m portatif;
    Theatre hand puppet marionnette f;
    hand signal signal m de la main;
    ∎ hand signals only (on vehicle) = indique que les clignotants d'un véhicule ne fonctionnent pas;
    hand towel serviette f, essuie-mains m inv
    (distribute) distribuer
    (return) rapporter, rendre;
    ∎ she handed me back the bottle elle m'a repassé la bouteille;
    ∎ Radio & Television I now hand you back to the studio/Jon Snow je rends maintenant l'antenne au studio/à Jon Snow
    (a) (pass, give from high place) passer, donner;
    ∎ hand me down the hammer passe-moi ou donne-moi le marteau (qui est là-haut)
    (b) (heirloom, story) transmettre;
    ∎ the necklace/property has been handed down from mother to daughter for six generations le collier est transmis/la propriété est transmise de mère en fille depuis six générations;
    ∎ all her clothes had been handed down from her older sisters tous ses vêtements venaient de ses sœurs aînées
    (c) Law (decision, sentence) annoncer; (judgment) rendre;
    ∎ American to hand down the budget annoncer le budget
    (return, surrender → book) rendre; (→ ticket) remettre; (→ exam paper) rendre, remettre; (something found → to authorities, police etc) déposer, remettre;
    ∎ to hand in one's resignation donner ou remettre sa démission, demissioner
    Sport (in rugby) raffûter
    ∎ to hand sth on to sb passer qch à qn
    (b) = hand down (b)
    (distribute) distribuer;
    ∎ we hand out 200 free meals a day nous servons 200 repas gratuits par jour;
    ∎ he's very good at handing out advice il est très fort pour ce qui est de distribuer des conseils;
    ∎ he's fond of handing it out, but can't take it (criticism) il se permet de critiquer les autres mais il déteste qu'on le critique;
    ∎ the French boxer handed out a lot of punishment le boxeur français a frappé à coups redoublés
    (a) (pass, give → object) passer, donner;
    ∎ Radio & Television we now hand you over to the weather man/Bill Smith in Moscow nous passons maintenant l'antenne à notre météorologue/Bill Smith à Moscou;
    ∎ Telecommunications I'm handing him over now je te le passe tout de suite
    (b) (surrender → weapons, hostage) remettre; (→ criminal) livrer; (→ power, authority) transmettre; Law (→ property) céder;
    ∎ he was handed over to the French police il a été livré à la ou aux mains de la police française;
    ∎ hand it over! donne!
    ∎ to hand over to (government minister, chairman etc) passer le pouvoir à; (in meeting) donner la parole à; Telecommunications passer ou donner le combiné à
    (distribute) distribuer
    (pass, give from low place) passer, donner;
    ∎ hand me up the hammer passe-moi ou donne-moi le marteau (qui est là en bas)

    Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > hand

  • 47 offence

    1) ((any cause of) anger, displeasure, hurt feelings etc: That rubbish dump is an offence to the eye.) ofensa, atentado
    2) (a crime: The police charged him with several offences.) delito, infracción
    offence n delito
    tr[ə'fens]
    1 SMALLLAW/SMALL delito, infracción nombre femenino
    2 (insult) ofensa
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    to commit an offence cometer un delito, cometer una infracción
    to cause offence to somebody ofender a alguien
    to take offence at something ofenderse por algo, sentirse ofendido,-a por algo
    n.
    • delito (Jurisprudencia) s.m.
    • ofensa s.f.
    n.
    • atentado s.m.
    ə'fens
    noun (BrE) offense
    (US)
    [ǝ'fens] N
    1) (=crime) delito m ; (moral) pecado m, falta f ; (Sport) falta f

    it is an offence to... — está prohibido..., se prohíbe...

    2) (=insult) ofensa f, agravio m

    no offence!, no offence meant — sin ánimo de ofender

    no offence was intended, he intended no offence — no tenía intención de ofender a nadie

    to give or cause offence (to sb) — ofender (a algn)

    to take offence (at sth) — ofenderse or sentirse ofendido (por algo)

    * * *
    [ə'fens]
    noun (BrE) offense

    English-spanish dictionary > offence

  • 48 Boxer, Major-General Edward Mourrier

    SUBJECT AREA: Weapons and armour
    [br]
    b. February 1822
    d. 11 January 1897 Isle of Wight, England
    [br]
    English Ammunition designer and inventor of the brass, fully obturating cartridge case.
    [br]
    Commissioned into the Royal Artillery in 1839, Boxer's flair for the technical aspects of gunnery led to his appointment, at the early age of 33, as Superintendent of the Laboratory at the Royal Arsenal, Woolwich. He was able to devote his attention to the design of more effective shells, cartridges and fuses, with his greatest achievement being the invention, in 1866, of the Boxer cartridge, which had a case made of brass and a percussion cap set into the base. The real significance of the cartridge was that for the first time the chamber could be fully sealed, by way of the propellant gases expanding the case against the chamber wall, with the result that effective weapon range and accuracy could be dramatically increased. His achievement was recognized when Parliament voted a special financial grant, and the Boxer cartridge is still in wide use today. Boxer was promoted Colonel in 1868 and retired the following year as an honorary Major-General.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    FRS 1858.
    Bibliography
    1855, Treatise on Artillery. Prepared for the Use of the Practical Class, Royal Military Academy, London: Eyre \& Spottiswode.
    1858, Diagrams to Illustrate the Service and Management of Heavy Ordnance Referred
    to in Treatise on Artillery, London: Eyre \& Spottiswode.
    CM

    Biographical history of technology > Boxer, Major-General Edward Mourrier

  • 49 ORKA

    * * *
    I)
    (að), v.
    1) to be able to do; önnur vann allt þat, er hón orkaði, the other worked all that she could; with da., þó hyggst hann einn munu öllu o., yet he thinks he can do everything himself; allt þat lið, er vápnum mátti o., all those who could wield weapons;
    2) with gen. of the thing, o. e-m e-s, to cause, effect; mér orkar þat margra vandræða, it causes me much trouble; þetta mun o. tíðenda, this will give something to speak about; allt orkar tvímælis þá er gört er, there are two sides to everything that is done; impers., jafnan orkar tvímælis, þó at hefnt sé;
    3) with preps., o. at e-u, to act, proceed with, do; þeir rœða nú um með sér, hversu at skal o., what is to be done; o. á e-t, to work on, have effect on (var þat þó lengi, at eigi orkaði eldr á Þórólf); hann mátti engu á o., he could do nothing; o. orða á e-n, to make one speak; o. til e-s, to prepare (o. til veizlu); o. á, to begin; orkum ekki á fyrri, let us not be the first to attack;
    4) refl., orkast at e-u, to exert oneself in a thing; to set about doing something (hversu hann skyldi at o. at segja föður sínum þessi tíðendi); o. hugar á at gøra e-t, to make up one’s mind to do a thing; honum þótti seint á o., he thougth it went slowly.
    f.
    1) strength, power for work (orkan þvarr, því at ellin sótti á hendr honum);
    2) work.
    * * *
    að, [qs. vorka, akin to verk, cp. also yrkja; Ulf. waurkjan = ποιειν, ἐργάζεσθαι; and the pret. worahto on the Runic stone in Tune; A. S. weorcjan; Engl. work]:—to work, but only used in a limited sense, for vinna (q. v.) is the general word: to work, perform, be able to do, manage, önnur vann allt þat er hón orkaði, the other worked (vann) all that she could (orkaði), Dropl. 4; ek mun hjálpa þér allt slíkt sem ek orka, Fms. i. 213; ek þarf eigi meira forvirki en þetta lið orkar, Hrafn. 5; móður sína á maðr fyrst fram at færa, en ef hann orkar betr …, Grág. i. 232; treysta ek á sem ek orkaða, Fms. v. 301; ek orka tólf punda þunga ( I can carry twelve pounds weight), en hestr minn berr fjögurra lesta byrði, Bær. 18; svá skal gerða þann garð sem búar sjá at hann má orka á þrem sumrum, Grág. ii. 331.
    2. with dat.; þó hyggsk hann einn munu öllu orka, Fms. xi. 267; þótti öllum undr, hverju hann gat orkat, Grett. 125 A; allt þat lið er vápnum mátti orka, Fagrsk. 176; líkneskjum þeim, er ek veit eigi hverju orkat hafa, Fms. ii. 265; skal hann á einum degi kveðja alla, ef því má orka ( if he can), Grág. (Kb.) i. 162; hann mátti engu á orka, he could do nothing, Fms. vii. 270; sá er ölverki orkar Ásar, Kormak; orka þrek, Orkn. (in a verse); orkaði hón vel þeim langa veg, she proceeded well on her long journey, Mar.
    3. with gen. of the thing; o. e-m e-s, to cause, effect; mér orkar þat margra vandræða, Fs. 21; á skip skal skriðar orka, en skjöld til hlifa, mæki höggs, en mey til kosta, a ship shall be worked for sailing …, a maid for giving away, Hm. 81; orka e-m frægðar, to give glory to one, Edda (in a verse); hvar skal ek þess orka, Fas. iii. 72; orka e-m til þarfa, to work for one’s good, Eg. (in a verse): in the saw, jafnan orkar tvímælis þó hefnt sé, revenge works dissent, Nj. 68; allt orkar tvímælis þá gört er, 139; þetta mun orka tíðinda, this will make a story, Fb. ii. 270:—to summon, call upon, orka orða á e-n, to make one speak, accost; þá er menn orkuðu orða á hann, Fms. iv. 165 (ortu orða á hann, from yrkja, Ó. H. l. c.); ef menn tveir eigu land, ok vill annarr-tveggi orka lands-deildar á annan, Grág. ii. 253; en hverr er átt hefir skal orka heimildar á seljanda sinn, shall call on the seller to shew his title, 216; hann orkar á Óla til atkvæðis ok órræða um þetta mál, Fms. xi. 33.
    II. with prepp.; orkum ekki á þá fyrri, let us not be the first to use force, attack them, Grett. 119 A; þó hann orkaði á jörðina, though he tilled the earth, Ver. 5; var þat þó lengi at eigi orkaði eldr á Þórólf, that the fire could not work, had no effect on Th.’s body, Eb. 316: orka at e-u, to act, proceed with, execute; svá skal þar orka at kaupi ok at sölu sem annars staðar var tínt, Grág. ii. 246; þeir ræða nú um með sér, hversu at skal orka, what is to be done? Ld. 242; orkuðum (aurkoðom Cd.) at auðnu, we tried our fortune, Am. 96; orka til e-s, to prepare, = afla til e-s, orka til veizlu, to give a banquet. Fas. iii. 66:—to stride, walk proudly, þeir á jökla orka austr, they strode eastwards on the ice, Skiða R. 53: from the pret. orkaði (ꜹrkaði) was afterwards formed another verb arka, to stride (prop. to strive) on one’s journey.
    III. reflex., ekki orkaðisk á, no work was done, Fms. iv. 328, v. l.; honum þótti seint á orkask, vi. 77:—at orkask = orka at e-u, hversu hann skyldi at orkask at segja föður sínum þessi tíðendi, xi. 15:—fyrir þá skuld, at þau hefði sjálf orkask hugar á ( made up their minds) at bæta meinbugi sína, Grett. 162 A; láttu þeygi orkask at vistarinnar, 677. 12; hann orkaðisk ( he strove) at forðask rangar hugrenningar, Hom. (St.)
    2. part. as subst.; orkandi, the worker, mighty; Guð er alls orkandi, all-powerful, 645. 50; Satan alls ílls orkandi, Niðrst. 7.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > ORKA

  • 50 СИНТАКСИС

    1. Общее правило для переводчика: русское существительное, стоящее в начале предложения в косвенном падеже, следует преобразовывать в подлежащее английского предложения, вне зависимости от его исходной синтаксической роли.
    Это наиболее надежный способ построить грамматически правильное и удобопонятное предложение на АЯ.
    a) Конструкция «в + Пр.п» в начале предложения:
    В выступлении президента было подчеркнуто, что никакие ссылки на терроризм не дают американской администрации права выступать в роли международного судьи. – The president’s statement emphasized that no reference to/invoking of terrorism can/give the American Administration the right to act as/ take the role of an international judge.
    ***
    В работе пресс-конференции принимали участие рабочие всех отраслей. – The work of the conference involved/included (замена глагола для достижения естественности звучания английского предложения) workers from all industries/fields/areas.
    ***
    Во французской ноте выражался решительный протест против этих действий. – The French note strongly/vigorously protested/contained a strong protest against such actions.
    ***
    Конструкция «в + Пр.п места» часто используется для ссылок на документ:
    В принятой вчера резолюции… - The resolution adopted/passed yesterday…
    В этом докладе много материалов на данную тему. – This report contains a lot of materials on this subject.
    В этих листках зло писали о порядках на фабрике. – These leaflets harshly criticized the system at the factory.
    @ в результате
    Можно опускать, трансформируя косвенный падеж в подлежащее (см. СИНТАКСИС)
    В результате войны погибло много людей. – The war killed/claimed the lives of a lot of people.
    В результате забастовки заводы были закрыты. – The strike closed down the factories.
    @ в печати
    Переводится посредством трансформации (косвенный падеж -> подлежащее) + (пассив -> актив) см. СИНТАКСИС
    6 июля в афганской печати был опубликован закон о политических партиях. – On July 6 the Afghan press published the law on political parties.
    В международной прессе сообщалось… - The international press reported… @
    б) Конструкция «на + Пр.п.»
    На встрече договорились… - The meeting reached an agreement…
    На рисунке хорошо видны детали. – The picture gives a good view of these details.
    в) Конструкция «о + Пр.п»
    Об этом говорилось уже много раз. – This has been discussed/referred to/addressed/spoken about/spoken to/raised/dealt with many times.
    г) Преобразование косвенного падежа в подлежащее с заменой активного глагола на пассивный:
    О конструктивной роли, которую могли бы сыграть средства массовой информации, следует помнить. – The constructive role which the media could play should be recalled.
    О причинах нынешней напряженности мы уже имели возможность сказать на заседаниях этого комитета. – The reasons for the present tension have already been addressed/are a subject we have already addressed at meetings of this committee.
    д) Перевод предложений, начинающихся со слов в Вин.п.:
    i)используется глагол to be (глагол «широкой семантики» - «бытийный глагол»).
    Крайне опасный характер приобретает теперь терроризм. Extremely dangerous now is terrorism/Of particular danger now is terrorism.
    ii) используются слова that, what или something вместе с «бытийным глаголом»:
    Бесспорными являются тяжелые последствия усилий ЮАР в этой области для безопасности соседних государств. – What is unquestionable/Something which is unquestionable is the serious consequences of South Africa’s steps in this area for the security of neighboring states.
    *** Вполне обоснованным представляется вывод, сделанный Генеральным Секретарем в его недавнем докладе о положении на Ближнем Востоке, о том, что… - What is fully justified is…/Something that would seem fully justified is the conclusion drawn by the Secretary General in his recent report that…
    е) Перевод дополнений в Дат.п.
    Этой тактике «превентивных» ударов должен быть положен конец. – This policy of preventive strikes must be stopped/halted.
    По адресу правления совета высказывалось одобрение. – The board of the council was commended
    ***
    Ему было холодно. – He was cold. Ей хотелось спать. – She felt sleepy.
    ж) Перевод местоимений в Вин.п.
    Их беспокоит, что он все еще не приехал. – They are worried that he hasn’t yet arrived.
    з) Конструкции «от + Род.п.»
    От пожара уцелело всего несколько домов. – The fire spared ( замена глагола) only a few houses.
    От понимания того, что является причиной сползания человечества к ядерной бездне, зависит и ответ на вопрос, можно ли остановить этот страшный процесс. – Understanding the reason for the mankind’s drift towards the nuclear abyss/nuclear disaster determines ( замена глагола) the answer to the question (as to) whether it is possible to stop this frightening/horrendous/fatal process.
    *** От того, сумеет ли мир избежать ядерной катастрофы, зависит решение всех насущных проблем и само существование человеческой цивилизации. – The world’s ability to nuclear catastrophe is decisive/is critical for the resolution of all other urgent/critical problems and for the very survival of civilization. Или Whether of not the world can avoid nuclear catastrophe – this will determine/this is what will determine the resolution…
    2. Перевод оборотов, начинающихся с причастий
    а) Начинать с причастия – напрашиваться на неприятности! Перевод можно начинать со слов that, what или something
    Выдвинутая в заявлении Президента от 15 февраля программа освобождения человечества кс 2000 году от ядерного и иного оружия массового уничтожения рассматривает выделение средств на цели социального и экономического развития в качестве важнейшей сопутствующей меры соглашений по ограничению вооружений и разоружению. –
    That/something which was proposed in the president’s statement of February 15, namely/I mean/that is the program for freeing/delivering mankind by the year 2000 from nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction provides for the allocation of resources for social and economic development as a most important collateral/additional/accompanying measure for arms limitation and disarmament agreements.
    б) Если вероятностное прогнозирование или здравый смысл подсказывают дальнейшее развитие мысли оратора, переводчик может заменить причастие именной конструкцией:
    Интересы этих народов требуют, чтобы были приняты безотлагательные меры по оздоровлению обстановки в регионе. – The interests of those peoples require the taking of immediate measures/measures that can be taken/to improve the situation in the region.
    *** В полной мере здесь должны быть использованы каналы Всемирной кампании за разоружение. – Full use should be made here of the opportunities provided by the World Disarmament Campaign.
    в) Возможно опустить причастие:
    Нам также представляется правильным принятый Комитетом подход к выработке общих рекомендаций, согласно которому акцент будет делаться на качестве разрабатываемых им рекомендаций. – We also believe that the Committee’s approach to drawing up recommendations is correct, namely that stress will be placed on the quality of the recommendations it produces/draws up/makes/comes up with.
    г) Сведение причастного оборота к прилагательному:
    Такой ориентированный на деловой результат подход даст возможность добиться необходимой активизации роли нашей комиссии. – Such a determined/vigorous/single-minded approach will provide/allow for the required/needed stepping up/intensification of the role of our committee.
    3. Перевод предложений, начинающихся с глаголов со значением необходимости и долженствования:
    there is
    Требует своего совершенствования процедура рассмотрения документов. – There is a need to improve the procedure for consideration of documents.
    Необходимо всемерно повышать… - There is a need to raise in every way/it is essential to raise in every way… Необходимо более тесное международное сотрудничество… - There is a need for closer international cooperation/What is needed is closer international cooperation…
    Особенно эффективно использовать there is, если переводчик не хочет вводить подлежащее или ставить глагол в пассивную форму:
    Надо это сделать. – There is a need to do it/
    C.f. We need to do it. (введено подлежащее) This should be done. (глагол в пассиве)
    4. Перевод безличных предложений.
    It is - в качестве тематического подлежащего
    Проводить тренировку лучше днем или вечером. – It is best to do these exercises in the afternoon or evening.
    Легче попасть в беду, чем выпутаться из нее. – It is easier to get into trouble than out of it.
    5. Если прямое дополнение, обозначающее предмет действия, превращается в английском предложении в подлежащее, то сказуемое выражается при помощи пассивной глагольной конструкции.
    Толкали его. – He was pushed.
    Первые шаги в этой области предприняла ЮНЕСКО. – The first steps in this field were taken by UNESCO.
    6. Неопределенно-личные конструкции переводятся пассивом.
    Говорят, он хороший актер. – He is said to be a good actor.
    Ее считают способной учительницей. – She is considered a good teacher. Нам внушали, что наша система лучше. – We have been led to believe/told that our system is better.
    Иногда глагол можно заменить существительным:
    Готовились праздновать Новый год. – Preparations were under way/begun for celebrating New Year.
    7. Безличная конструкция с инфинитивом переводится при помощи местоимения it или личного местоимения.
    Радоваться нам надо, а не плакать. – We should be happy and not cry/instead of crying.
    Не надо так говорить. – You must not say that/You shouldn’t talk like that. Что делать? – What should we/you do?
    8. Русское прилагательное, помещенное на начальное место в предложении с целью выделения, может потребовать при переводе на английский, помимо изменения порядка слов, использования усилительного слова или конструкции.
    Прекрасный ты испекла торт! – What a fantastic cake you baked!
    Видела я первые его шаги. – I saw him take his very first steps. Голодная я! – Am I starving!/Because I’m hungry, that’s why! Невероятная это была история. – It was an absolutely unbelievable story.
    9. Разделение в русском предложении словосочетания с целью логического выделения одного из слов может обусловить наличие в предложении двух интонационных центров.
    Замечательный у тебя муж! – What a wonderful husband you have!
    Очень сильно девочка ушиблась вчера. – She really got badly bruised yesterday. Триста ты мне должен долларов, дорогой! – That’s tree hundred you owe me, kiddo!
    10. Интонационное выделение слова, стоящего в непривычной для себя начальной позиции, показывает, что именно оно особенно важно для говорящего. Такой инвертированный порядок слов характерен для вопросительных предложений в разговорном стиле.
    Он к вам приходит когда? – When is it he’s coming to see you?
    А говорит он ей что? – So what is he telling her?
    ***
    Ваня, мне кажется, не пришел. ( интонационное выделение имени собственного) – I don’t think Vanya came.

    Словарь переводчика-синхрониста (русско-английский) > СИНТАКСИС

  • 51 СИНТАКСИС

    1. Общее правило для переводчика: русское существительное, стоящее в начале предложения в косвенном падеже, следует преобразовывать в подлежащее английского предложения, вне зависимости от его исходной синтаксической роли.
    Это наиболее надежный способ построить грамматически правильное и удобопонятное предложение на АЯ.
    a) Конструкция «в + Пр.п» в начале предложения:
    В выступлении президента было подчеркнуто, что никакие ссылки на терроризм не дают американской администрации права выступать в роли международного судьи. – The president’s statement emphasized that no reference to/invoking of terrorism can/give the American Administration the right to act as/ take the role of an international judge.
    ***
    В работе пресс-конференции принимали участие рабочие всех отраслей. – The work of the conference involved/included (замена глагола для достижения естественности звучания английского предложения) workers from all industries/fields/areas.
    ***
    Во французской ноте выражался решительный протест против этих действий. – The French note strongly/vigorously protested/contained a strong protest against such actions.
    ***
    Конструкция «в + Пр.п места» часто используется для ссылок на документ:
    В принятой вчера резолюции… - The resolution adopted/passed yesterday…
    В этом докладе много материалов на данную тему. – This report contains a lot of materials on this subject.
    В этих листках зло писали о порядках на фабрике. – These leaflets harshly criticized the system at the factory.
    - в печати
    б) Конструкция «на + Пр.п.»
    На встрече договорились… - The meeting reached an agreement…
    На рисунке хорошо видны детали. – The picture gives a good view of these details.
    в) Конструкция «о + Пр.п»
    Об этом говорилось уже много раз. – This has been discussed/referred to/addressed/spoken about/spoken to/raised/dealt with many times.
    г) Преобразование косвенного падежа в подлежащее с заменой активного глагола на пассивный:
    О конструктивной роли, которую могли бы сыграть средства массовой информации, следует помнить. – The constructive role which the media could play should be recalled.
    О причинах нынешней напряженности мы уже имели возможность сказать на заседаниях этого комитета. – The reasons for the present tension have already been addressed/are a subject we have already addressed at meetings of this committee.
    д) Перевод предложений, начинающихся со слов в Вин.п.:
    i)используется глагол to be (глагол «широкой семантики» - «бытийный глагол»).
    Крайне опасный характер приобретает теперь терроризм. Extremely dangerous now is terrorism/Of particular danger now is terrorism.
    ii) используются слова that, what или something вместе с «бытийным глаголом»:
    Бесспорными являются тяжелые последствия усилий ЮАР в этой области для безопасности соседних государств. – What is unquestionable/Something which is unquestionable is the serious consequences of South Africa’s steps in this area for the security of neighboring states.
    *** Вполне обоснованным представляется вывод, сделанный Генеральным Секретарем в его недавнем докладе о положении на Ближнем Востоке, о том, что… - What is fully justified is…/Something that would seem fully justified is the conclusion drawn by the Secretary General in his recent report that…
    е) Перевод дополнений в Дат.п.
    Этой тактике «превентивных» ударов должен быть положен конец. – This policy of preventive strikes must be stopped/halted.
    По адресу правления совета высказывалось одобрение. – The board of the council was commended
    ***
    Ему было холодно. – He was cold. Ей хотелось спать. – She felt sleepy.
    ж) Перевод местоимений в Вин.п.
    Их беспокоит, что он все еще не приехал. – They are worried that he hasn’t yet arrived.
    з) Конструкции «от + Род.п.»
    От пожара уцелело всего несколько домов. – The fire spared ( замена глагола) only a few houses.
    От понимания того, что является причиной сползания человечества к ядерной бездне, зависит и ответ на вопрос, можно ли остановить этот страшный процесс. – Understanding the reason for the mankind’s drift towards the nuclear abyss/nuclear disaster determines ( замена глагола) the answer to the question (as to) whether it is possible to stop this frightening/horrendous/fatal process.
    *** От того, сумеет ли мир избежать ядерной катастрофы, зависит решение всех насущных проблем и само существование человеческой цивилизации. – The world’s ability to nuclear catastrophe is decisive/is critical for the resolution of all other urgent/critical problems and for the very survival of civilization. Или Whether of not the world can avoid nuclear catastrophe – this will determine/this is what will determine the resolution…
    2. Перевод оборотов, начинающихся с причастий
    а) Начинать с причастия – напрашиваться на неприятности! Перевод можно начинать со слов that, what или something
    Выдвинутая в заявлении Президента от 15 февраля программа освобождения человечества кс 2000 году от ядерного и иного оружия массового уничтожения рассматривает выделение средств на цели социального и экономического развития в качестве важнейшей сопутствующей меры соглашений по ограничению вооружений и разоружению. –
    That/something which was proposed in the president’s statement of February 15, namely/I mean/that is the program for freeing/delivering mankind by the year 2000 from nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction provides for the allocation of resources for social and economic development as a most important collateral/additional/accompanying measure for arms limitation and disarmament agreements.
    б) Если вероятностное прогнозирование или здравый смысл подсказывают дальнейшее развитие мысли оратора, переводчик может заменить причастие именной конструкцией:
    Интересы этих народов требуют, чтобы были приняты безотлагательные меры по оздоровлению обстановки в регионе. – The interests of those peoples require the taking of immediate measures/measures that can be taken/to improve the situation in the region.
    *** В полной мере здесь должны быть использованы каналы Всемирной кампании за разоружение. – Full use should be made here of the opportunities provided by the World Disarmament Campaign.
    в) Возможно опустить причастие:
    Нам также представляется правильным принятый Комитетом подход к выработке общих рекомендаций, согласно которому акцент будет делаться на качестве разрабатываемых им рекомендаций. – We also believe that the Committee’s approach to drawing up recommendations is correct, namely that stress will be placed on the quality of the recommendations it produces/draws up/makes/comes up with.
    г) Сведение причастного оборота к прилагательному:
    Такой ориентированный на деловой результат подход даст возможность добиться необходимой активизации роли нашей комиссии. – Such a determined/vigorous/single-minded approach will provide/allow for the required/needed stepping up/intensification of the role of our committee.
    3. Перевод предложений, начинающихся с глаголов со значением необходимости и долженствования:
    there is
    Требует своего совершенствования процедура рассмотрения документов. – There is a need to improve the procedure for consideration of documents.
    Необходимо всемерно повышать… - There is a need to raise in every way/it is essential to raise in every way… Необходимо более тесное международное сотрудничество… - There is a need for closer international cooperation/What is needed is closer international cooperation…
    Особенно эффективно использовать there is, если переводчик не хочет вводить подлежащее или ставить глагол в пассивную форму:
    Надо это сделать. – There is a need to do it/
    C.f. We need to do it. (введено подлежащее) This should be done. (глагол в пассиве)
    4. Перевод безличных предложений.
    It is - в качестве тематического подлежащего
    Проводить тренировку лучше днем или вечером. – It is best to do these exercises in the afternoon or evening.
    Легче попасть в беду, чем выпутаться из нее. – It is easier to get into trouble than out of it.
    5. Если прямое дополнение, обозначающее предмет действия, превращается в английском предложении в подлежащее, то сказуемое выражается при помощи пассивной глагольной конструкции.
    Толкали его. – He was pushed.
    Первые шаги в этой области предприняла ЮНЕСКО. – The first steps in this field were taken by UNESCO.
    6. Неопределенно-личные конструкции переводятся пассивом.
    Говорят, он хороший актер. – He is said to be a good actor.
    Ее считают способной учительницей. – She is considered a good teacher. Нам внушали, что наша система лучше. – We have been led to believe/told that our system is better.
    Иногда глагол можно заменить существительным:
    Готовились праздновать Новый год. – Preparations were under way/begun for celebrating New Year.
    7. Безличная конструкция с инфинитивом переводится при помощи местоимения it или личного местоимения.
    Радоваться нам надо, а не плакать. – We should be happy and not cry/instead of crying.
    Не надо так говорить. – You must not say that/You shouldn’t talk like that. Что делать? – What should we/you do?
    8. Русское прилагательное, помещенное на начальное место в предложении с целью выделения, может потребовать при переводе на английский, помимо изменения порядка слов, использования усилительного слова или конструкции.
    Прекрасный ты испекла торт! – What a fantastic cake you baked!
    Видела я первые его шаги. – I saw him take his very first steps. Голодная я! – Am I starving!/Because I’m hungry, that’s why! Невероятная это была история. – It was an absolutely unbelievable story.
    9. Разделение в русском предложении словосочетания с целью логического выделения одного из слов может обусловить наличие в предложении двух интонационных центров.
    Замечательный у тебя муж! – What a wonderful husband you have!
    Очень сильно девочка ушиблась вчера. – She really got badly bruised yesterday. Триста ты мне должен долларов, дорогой! – That’s tree hundred you owe me, kiddo!
    10. Интонационное выделение слова, стоящего в непривычной для себя начальной позиции, показывает, что именно оно особенно важно для говорящего. Такой инвертированный порядок слов характерен для вопросительных предложений в разговорном стиле.
    Он к вам приходит когда? – When is it he’s coming to see you?
    А говорит он ей что? – So what is he telling her?
    ***
    Ваня, мне кажется, не пришел. ( интонационное выделение имени собственного) – I don’t think Vanya came.

    Русско-английский словарь переводчика-синхрониста > СИНТАКСИС

  • 52 информация информаци·я

    вести сбор информации, собирать информацию — to collect / to gather information

    выведывать информацию у кого-л. — to draw information from smb.

    вымарывать / исключать (из документа и т.п.) не подлежащую оглашению информацию — to sanitize

    давать / предоставлять информацию — to give / to provide / to furnish information

    засекречивать информацию — to make information secret, to classify information амер.

    опровергать информацию — to refute / disprove information

    передавать информацию — to convey / to hand over information

    получать информацию — to receive / to get / to gain / to obtain information

    предоставлять информацию — to give / to provide / to furnish information

    скрывать / утаивать информацию — to hold back / to keep back / to withhold information

    военная информация — military information / data

    квалифицированная / компетентная информация, информация, полученная от специалистов / экспертов — expert information

    коммерческая информация — business data, commercial information

    конфиденциальная информация — confidential information; tip-off разг.

    новая информация (к сообщению в прессе, по радио и т.п.) — follow-up

    новейшая / последняя информация — up-to-date / up-to-the minute information

    патентная информация, информация, являющаяся собственностью фирмы (конструкторская, производственная, технологическая) — proprietary information

    полная информация — complete / copious information

    правдивая информация — true / truthful information

    разведывательная информация — surveillance information, intelligence information / data

    рекламная информация — advertizing information, publicity

    секретная информация — secret / classified information; inside information амер.

    совершенно секретная информация — top-secret informafion; highly-classified information амер.

    соответствующая действительности информация — reliable information, information reflecting the facts of reality

    быстрый рост информации — information burst / explosion

    информация, полученная из первых рук — first-hand information

    информация, полученная с помощью спутников — sattelite information

    главный / основной источник информации — prime source of information

    обмен информацией — exchange of information; information exchanges

    обработка информации — information handling / processing; (в кибернетике) data processing

    органы / средства массовой информации (пресса, радио, телевидение) — mass media

    работники органов массовой информации (печати, радио, телевидения и т.п.) — media men

    поток информации — information flow, flow of information

    Russian-english dctionary of diplomacy > информация информаци·я

  • 53 Congreve, Sir William

    SUBJECT AREA: Weapons and armour
    [br]
    b. 20 May 1772 London, England
    d. 16 May 1828 Toulouse, France
    [br]
    English developer of military rockets.
    [br]
    He was the eldest son of Lieutenant-General Sir William Congreve, Colonel Commandant of the Royal Artillery, Superintendent of Military Machines and Superintendent Comptroller of the Royal Laboratory at Woolwich, and the daughter of a naval officer. Congreve passed through the Naval Academy at Woolwich and in 1791 was attached to the Royal Laboratory (formerly known as the Woolwich Arsenal), of which his father was then in command. In the 1790s, an Indian prince, Hyder Ali, had had some success against British troops with solid-fuelled rockets, and young Congreve set himself to develop the idea. By about 1806 he had made some 13,000 rockets, each with a range of about 2 km (1¼ miles). The War Office approved their use, and they were first tested in action at sea during the sieges of Boulogne and Copenhagen in 1806 and 1807 respectively. Congreve was commissioned to raise two companies of rocket artillery; in 1813 he commanded one of his rocket companies at the Battle of Leipzig, where although the rockets did little damage to the enemy, the noise and glare of the explosions had a considerable effect in frightening the French and caused great confusion; for this, the Tsar of Russia awarded Congreve a knighthood. The rockets were similarly effective in other battles, including the British attack on Fort McHenry, near Baltimore, in 1814; it is said that this was the inspiration for the lines "the rocket's red glare, the bombs bursting in air" in Francis Scott Key's poem The Star Spangled Banner, which became the United States' national anthem.
    Congreve's father died in 1814, and he succeeded him in the baronetcy and as Comptroller of the Royal Laboratory and Superintendent of Military Machines, holding this post until his death. For the last ten years of his life he was Member of Parliament for Plymouth, having previously represented Gatton when elected for that constituency in 1812.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    FRS 1812.
    Further Reading
    F.H.Winter, 1990, The First Golden Age of Rocketry: Congreve and Hale Rockets of the Nine-teenth Century, Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.
    IMcN

    Biographical history of technology > Congreve, Sir William

  • 54 Tizard, Sir Henry Thoms

    SUBJECT AREA: Weapons and armour
    [br]
    b. 23 August 1885 Gillingham, Kent, England
    d. 9 October 1959 Fareham, Hampshire, England
    [br]
    English scientist and administrator who made many contributions to military technology.
    [br]
    Educated at Westminster College, in 1904 Tizard went to Magdalen College, Oxford, gaining Firsts in mathematics and chemistry. After a period of time in Berlin with Nernst, he joined the Royal Institution in 1909 to study the colour changes of indicators. From 1911 until 1914 he was a tutorial Fellow of Oriel College, Oxford, but with the outbreak of the First World War he joined first the Royal Garrison Artillery, then, in 1915, the newly formed Royal Flying Corps, to work on the development of bomb-sights. Successively in charge of testing aircraft, a lieutenant-colonel in the Ministry of Munitions and Assistant Controller of Research and Experiments for the Royal Air Force, he returned to Oxford in 1919 and the following year became Reader in Chemical Thermodynamics; at this stage he developed the use of toluene as an air-craft-fuel additive.
    In 1922 he was appointed an assistant secretary at the government Department of Industrial and Scientific Research, becoming Principal Assistant Secretary in 1922 and its Permanent Director in 1927; during this time he was also a member of the Aeronautical Research Committee, being Chairman of the latter in 1933–43. From 1929 to 1942 he was Rector of Imperial College. In 1932 he was also appointed Chairman of a committee set up to investigate possible national air-defence systems, and it was largely due to his efforts that the radar proposals of Watson-Watt were taken up and an effective system made operational before the outbreak of the Second World War. He was also involved in various other government activities aimed at applying technology to the war effort, including the dam-buster and atomic bombs.
    President of Magdalen College in 1942–7, he then returned again to Whitehall, serving as Chairman of the Advisory Council on Scientific Policy and of the Defence Research Policy Committee. Finally, in 1952, he became Pro-Chan-cellor of Southampton University.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Air Force Cross 1918. CB 1927. KCB 1937. GCB 1949. American Medal of Merit 1947. FRS 1926. Ten British and Commonwealth University honorary doctorates. Hon. Fellowship of the Royal Aeronautical Society. Royal Society of Arts Gold Medal. Franklin Institute Gold Medal. President, British Association 1948. Trustee of the British Museum 1937–59.
    Bibliography
    1911, The sensitiveness of indicators', British Association Report (describes Tizard's work on colour changes in indicators).
    Further Reading
    KF

    Biographical history of technology > Tizard, Sir Henry Thoms

  • 55 Whitney, Eli

    [br]
    b. 8 December 1765 Westborough, Massachusetts, USA
    d. 8 January 1825 New Haven, Connecticut, USA
    [br]
    American inventor of the cotton gin and manufacturer of firearms.
    [br]
    The son of a prosperous farmer, Eli Whitney as a teenager showed more interest in mechanics than school work. At the age of 15 he began an enterprise business manufacturing nails in his father's workshop, even having to hire help to fulfil his orders. He later determined to acquire a university education and, his father having declined to provide funds, he taught at local schools to obtain the means to attend Leicester Academy, Massachusetts, in preparation for his entry to Yale in 1789. He graduated in 1792 and then decided to study law. He accepted a position in Georgia as a tutor that would have given him time for study; this post did not materialize, but on his journey south he met General Nathanael Greene's widow and the manager of her plantations, Phineas Miller (1764–1803). A feature of agriculture in the southern states was that the land was unsuitable for long-staple cotton but could yield large crops of green-seed cotton. Green-seed cotton was difficult to separate from its seed, and when Whitney learned of the problem in 1793 he quickly devised a machine known as the cotton gin, which provided an effective solution. He formed a partnership with Miller to manufacture the gin and in 1794 obtained a patent. This invention made possible the extraordinary growth of the cotton industry in the United States, but the patent was widely infringed and it was not until 1807, after amendment of the patent laws, that Whitney was able to obtain a favourable decision in the courts and some financial return.
    In 1798 Whitney was in financial difficulties following the failure of the initial legal action against infringement of the cotton gin patent, but in that year he obtained a government contract to supply 10,000 muskets within two years with generous advance payments. He built a factory at New Haven, Connecticut, and proposed to use a new method of manufacture, perhaps the first application of the system of interchangeable parts. He failed to supply the firearms in the specified time, and in fact the first 500 guns were not delivered until 1801 and the full contract was not completed until 1809.
    In 1812 Whitney made application for a renewal of his cotton gin patent, but this was refused. In the same year, however, he obtained a second contract from the Government for 15,000 firearms and a similar one from New York State which ensured the success of his business.
    [br]
    Further Reading
    J.Mirsky and A.Nevins, 1952, The World of Eli Whitney, New York (a good biography). P.J.Federico, 1960, "Records of Eli Whitney's cotton gin patent", Technology and Culture 1: 168–76 (for details of the cotton gin patent).
    R.S.Woodbury, 1960, The legend of Eli Whitney and interchangeable parts', Technology and Culture 1:235–53 (challenges the traditional view of Eli Whitney as the sole originator of the "American" system of manufacture).
    See also Technology and Culture 14(1973):592–8; 18(1977):146–8; 19(1978):609–11.
    RTS

    Biographical history of technology > Whitney, Eli

  • 56 заготовка

    1) General subject: billet, blank, curing, job, laying in, planchet (для монет), storage, template (Чёрно-белое растровое изображение, полученное путём сканирования или из прикладной программы и вставленное в документ Adobe Illustrator. Шаблон располагается на экране Adobe Illustrator позади рабочей картинки. Посредством шаблоно), provision, fodder, die
    4) Engineering: bar, blank part, block, feed, half-finished article, half-finished material, intermediate product, metal block, piece, pill, preform, raw material, raw stock, red-hot bar, rough part, rough workpiece, section (непрерывно-литая), semimanufactured article, stock, utilization (леса), work, work part, work stock, workpiece, Forgings, workpiecе
    6) Construction: crude product, slab
    7) Mathematics: billet (metallurgy), introduction, partially finished product, preliminary survey, stocking up, store
    8) Railway term: preparation
    9) Automobile industry: work piece
    11) Metallurgy: blank (для штамповки или ковки), (трубная) shell, stock material, transfer bar
    12) Electronics: blank (фотошаблона), button
    13) Information technology: clip art, skeleton
    15) Mechanic engineering: slug
    17) Mechanics: raw part, rough stock
    18) Cellulose: first stuff
    20) SAP. procuring
    21) Sakhalin energy glossary: rough forge
    22) Oilfield: semifinished product
    23) Education: pro-forma
    25) Automation: bulging, diestock, green product, material blank, piece part, piece-part, preformed block, raw (primary) part, rough piece, slug (для штампов), subproduct (изделия), unmachined piece, unworked part, workblank, worked stock, workpiece blank
    26) Plastics: (листовая) blank
    27) Cables: perform
    28) Chemical weapons: test blank
    31) Combustion gas turbines: rough material, use

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > заготовка

  • 57 неприменение ЯО первым

    Military: nonuse of nuclear weapons first (и), nuclear nonfirst use

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > неприменение ЯО первым

  • 58 plural

    adj.
    1 pluralistic.
    2 plural (grammar).
    m.
    plural (grammar).
    * * *
    1 plural
    1 plural
    \
    plural mayestático royal 'we'
    * * *
    1. ADJ
    1) (Ling) plural
    2) esp LAm (=muchos) many
    2.
    * * *
    I
    adjetivo plural
    II
    masculino plural
    * * *
    = plural, pluralistic.
    Ex. All nouns have a plural and a singular form.
    Ex. This article discusses the special role that libraries can play in the multicultural, pluralistic environment that will be the society in the near future.
    ----
    * en plural = in the plural.
    * * *
    I
    adjetivo plural
    II
    masculino plural
    * * *
    = plural, pluralistic.

    Ex: All nouns have a plural and a singular form.

    Ex: This article discusses the special role that libraries can play in the multicultural, pluralistic environment that will be the society in the near future.
    * en plural = in the plural.

    * * *
    1 ( Ling) plural
    2 ‹sociedad› plural
    plural
    tercera persona del plural third person plural
    el verbo está en plural the verb is in the plural
    * * *

    plural adjetivo / noun masculine
    plural;

    en plural in the plural
    plural adjetivo & sustantivo masculino plural
    en plural, in the plural

    ' plural' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    apéndice
    - cien
    - cuñada
    - cuñado
    - dato
    - demasiada
    - demasiado
    - haber
    - hermano
    - índice
    - mucha
    - mucho
    - otra
    - otro
    - padre
    - poca
    - poco
    - rey
    - se
    - sí
    - sobrino
    - tanta
    - tanto
    - toda
    - todo
    - totalidad
    - abarrotes
    - abasto
    - acelgas
    - achaques
    - achuras
    - adentros
    - ADM
    - aerobic
    - afueras
    - agallas
    - agua
    - agujeta
    - ahorro
    - alicate
    - almacén
    - almorranas
    - Alpes
    - alrededores
    - altibajos
    - amígdalas
    - amistad
    - anales
    - andador
    - andanzas
    English:
    accused
    - acoustic
    - aged
    - alms
    - amends
    - amenities
    - Andes
    - antics
    - archives
    - armaments
    - arrears
    - athletic
    - atomic weapons
    - bacteria
    - bagpipes
    - basic
    - battlements
    - bedclothes
    - bedding
    - bell-bottoms
    - bellows
    - belongings
    - bifocals
    - binoculars
    - blinkers
    - breadcrumbs
    - British
    - but
    - bygone
    - calves
    - cast-offs
    - castanets
    - cattle
    - children
    - chopsticks
    - clippers
    - clothes
    - condolences
    - confines
    - congratulations
    - cornflakes
    - credentials
    - crisps
    - culottes
    - dancing shoes
    - data
    - dead
    - deaf
    - dealings
    - death throes
    * * *
    ♦ adj
    1. [múltiple] pluralist
    2. Gram plural
    ♦ nm
    Gram plural;
    primera persona del plural first person plural
    el plural mayestático the royal we;
    plural de modestia = use of the pronoun “we” instead of “I” as a gesture of modesty
    * * *
    I adj plural
    II m GRAM plural
    * * *
    plural adj & nm
    : plural
    * * *
    plural adj n plural

    Spanish-English dictionary > plural

  • 59 armar

    v.
    1 to assemble (montar) (mueble, modelo).
    2 to arm.
    El general armó los soldados The general armed his soldiers.
    3 to load (fusil, pistola).
    armarla to cause trouble
    armó una buena con sus comentarios she really went and did it with the comments she made
    5 to put together, to assemble, to fit out, to mount.
    Ricardo armó la estantería Richard put the shelves together.
    6 to create, to bring about, to make, to make up.
    Armaron un gran alboroto anoche They created a lot of noise last night.
    * * *
    1 (dar armas) to arm
    2 (cargar) to load; (bayoneta) to fix
    3 (montar - mueble) to assemble; (- tienda) to pitch, put up; (- trampa) to set
    4 (preparar) to arrange, prepare; (organizar) to organize
    5 familiar (causar, originar) to cause, kick up, create
    6 (embarcación) to fit out
    7 (tela) to stiffen
    8 TÉCNICA to reinforce
    1 (proveerse) to provide oneself (de, with), arm oneself (de, with)
    2 (producirse) to be, break out
    \
    armarla familiar to cause trouble, kick up a fuss
    armarse de paciencia to summon up patience
    armarse de valor to pluck up courage
    va a armarse la gorda familiar there's going to be real trouble
    * * *
    verb
    2) assemble, put together
    •
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) [+ persona, ejército] to arm (con, de with)
    caballero
    2) (=montar) [+ mueble, ventana, juguete] to assemble, put together; [+ tienda de campaña] to pitch, put up; [+ trampa] to set; LAm [+ rompecabezas] to piece together, put together; [+ cigarrillo] to roll
    3) * (=organizar)

    armar una bronca o un escándalo — to kick up a fuss

    amenacé con marcharme armando un escándalo y cedieron — I threatened to leave and create a scene, so they gave in

    por favor, id entrando despacio, sin armar jaleo — go in slowly please, without making a racket

    4) [+ hormigón] to reinforce
    5) (Mil) [+ bayoneta] to fix; [+ rifle, cañón] to load; [+ arco] to bend
    6) (Náut) to fit out, commission
    7) (Cos) [+ chaqueta, solapa] to stiffen
    8)

    armar un pleito — LAm * to kick up a fuss *, get ready

    2.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1)
    a) (Mil) <ciudadanos/país> to arm, supply... with arms
    b) ( equipar) < embarcación> to fit out, equip
    2)
    a) <estantería/reloj> to assemble; <tienda/carpa> to pitch, put up
    b) (AmL) < rompecabezas> to do, piece together
    c) (Col, RPl) < cigarro> to roll
    d) ( dar cuerpo a) <chaqueta/solapa> to stiffen
    3) (fam) <alboroto/ruido/lío> to make

    armar jaleo — to kick up o make a racket (colloq)

    armaron un escándalo porque... — they caused a real scene o commotion because...

    armarla — (fam)

    buena la has armado! — you've really done it now! (colloq)

    2.
    armarse v pron
    1)
    a) (Mil) to arm oneself
    b)

    armarse de algo — de armas/herramientas to arm oneself with something

    tendrás que armarte de paciencia — you will have to be patient o (liter) arm yourself with patience

    2)
    a) (fam) lío/jaleo

    qué lío/jaleo se armó! — there was a real commotion, it was pandemonium

    b) (fam) persona < lío>
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1)
    a) (Mil) <ciudadanos/país> to arm, supply... with arms
    b) ( equipar) < embarcación> to fit out, equip
    2)
    a) <estantería/reloj> to assemble; <tienda/carpa> to pitch, put up
    b) (AmL) < rompecabezas> to do, piece together
    c) (Col, RPl) < cigarro> to roll
    d) ( dar cuerpo a) <chaqueta/solapa> to stiffen
    3) (fam) <alboroto/ruido/lío> to make

    armar jaleo — to kick up o make a racket (colloq)

    armaron un escándalo porque... — they caused a real scene o commotion because...

    armarla — (fam)

    buena la has armado! — you've really done it now! (colloq)

    2.
    armarse v pron
    1)
    a) (Mil) to arm oneself
    b)

    armarse de algo — de armas/herramientas to arm oneself with something

    tendrás que armarte de paciencia — you will have to be patient o (liter) arm yourself with patience

    2)
    a) (fam) lío/jaleo

    qué lío/jaleo se armó! — there was a real commotion, it was pandemonium

    b) (fam) persona < lío>
    * * *
    armar1
    1 = arm, gird for.

    Ex: If the worst comes to the worst and you are attacked, try to escape rather than fight back, especially if you believe that your assailant may be armed.

    Ex: Australia's government girded on Monday for a battle with miners over its plan to slap the industry with a new 40 percent profits tax.
    * armar con = arm with.
    * armarse de = summon up.
    * armarse de munición = arm + Reflexivo + with ammunition.
    * armarse de paciencia = arm + Reflexivo + with patience, be extremely patient.
    * armarse de valor = muster (up) + (the) courage, pluck up + courage, nerve + Reflexivo, gather up + courage.
    * armarse hasta los dientes = be armed to the teeth.

    armar2
    2 = put together, fit out.

    Ex: The way in which this scheme is put together in book form often causes some confusion at first.

    Ex: To get full use out of them, however, you have to fit them out with accessories.
    * armar bulla = kick up + a stink, kick up + a fuss, raise + a stink, make + a stink (about), make + a racket, make + a row, make + a ruckus, kick up + a row.
    * armar el lío = make + trouble.
    * armar enredos = make + trouble.
    * armarla = kick up + a fuss, kick up + a stink, make + a stink (about), kick up + a row, raise + a stink, make + a racket, make + a row, make + a ruckus.
    * armar la de Dios = set + the cat among the pigeons, put + the cat among the pigeons.
    * armar la de San Quintín = kick up + a fuss, kick up + a stink, raise + a stink, make + a stink (about), make + a racket, make + a row, make + a ruckus, kick up + a row.
    * armarse la de Dios = bedlam + break loose, all hell + break loose.
    * armarse la de San Quintín = all hell + break loose, bedlam + break loose.
    * armar una bronca = kick up + a fuss, kick up + a stink, raise + a stink, make + a stink (about), make + a racket, make + a row, make + a ruckus, kick up + a row.
    * armar un escándalo = raise + a stink, kick up + a fuss, kick up + a stink, make + a stink (about), make + a racket, make + a row, make + a ruckus, kick up + a row.
    * armar un gran revuelo = set + the cat among the pigeons, put + the cat among the pigeons.
    * armar un lío = kick up + a fuss, kick up + a stink, raise + a stink, make + a stink (about), make + a racket, make + a row, make + a ruckus, kick up + a row.
    * armar un revuelo = create + a storm.

    * * *
    armar [A1 ]
    vt
    A
    1 (proveer de armas) ‹ciudadanos/país› to arm, supply … with arms
    2 (equipar) ‹embarcación› to fit out, equip
    B
    1 ‹mueble/máquina› to assemble; ‹tienda/carpa› to pitch, put up; ‹aparato/reloj› to assemble, put together
    2 ( AmL) ‹rompecabezas› to do, piece together
    3 (Col, RPl) ‹cigarro› to roll
    4 (dar cuerpo a) ‹chaqueta/solapa› to stiffen
    C ( fam); ‹alboroto› to make
    sigan jugando pero sin armar alboroto/jaleo carry on playing but don't kick up o make a racket ( colloq)
    armaron un escándalo porque no les quise devolver el dinero they caused a real scene o commotion o ( AmE) ruckus because I wouldn't give them their money back ( colloq), they kicked up a terrible fuss because I wouldn't give them their money back ( BrE colloq)
    armarla ( fam): no quiero hablar de eso, no tengo ganas de armarla otra vez I don't want to talk about that, I don't want to stir things up again o cause any more trouble ( colloq)
    ¡buena la has armado! you've really done it now! ( colloq)
    la que me armó porque llegué diez minutos tarde you should have seen the way he went on o ( colloq) carried on because I was 10 minutes late
    A
    1 (proveerse de armas) to arm oneself
    2 (de un utensilio) armarse DE algo to arm oneself WITH sth
    lo mejor es armarse de paciencia y esperar the best thing is just to be patient o ( liter) to arm yourself with patience and wait
    tuvo que armarse de valor y decírselo he had to pluck up courage o ( liter) arm himself with courage and tell her
    B
    1 ( fam)
    «lío/jaleo»: ¡qué lío/jaleo se armó! nadie se ponía de acuerdo there was a real commotion o it was pandemonium, nobody could agree on anything ( colloq)
    se armó una discusión terrible a terrible argument broke out, there was a terrible argument
    2 ( fam)
    «persona» ‹lío› me armé un lío con tanto número I got into a mess o ( BrE) muddle with all those numbers ( colloq), I got confused with all those numbers
    C ( Méx) (enriquecerse) ( fam) to make a fortune, to make a bundle ( AmE colloq), to make a packet ( BrE colloq)
    se armó para el resto de su vida he made enough to last him the rest of his life
    * * *

     

    armar ( conjugate armar) verbo transitivo
    1
    a) (Mil) ‹ciudadanos/país› to arm, supply … with arms


    2
    a) ‹estantería/reloj› to assemble;

    ‹tienda/carpa› to pitch, put up

    c) (Col, RPl) ‹ cigarro› to roll

    3 (fam) ‹alboroto/ruido/lío› to make;
    ◊ armar jaleo to kick up o make a racket (colloq);

    armar un escándalo to kick up a fuss;
    armarla (fam): ¡buena la has armado! you've really done it now! (colloq);
    la que me armó porque llegué tarde you should have seen the way he went on because I was late
    armarse verbo pronominal
    1

    b) armarse de algo ‹de armas/herramientas› to arm oneself with sth;


    armarse de valor to pluck up courage
    2
    a) (fam) [pelea/discusión] to break out;

    ◊ ¡qué jaleo se armó! there was a real commotion

    b) (fam) [ persona]:

    ◊ me armé un lío/una confusión I got into a mess (colloq)

    armar verbo transitivo
    1 (dar armas) to arm
    2 (ensamblar) to fit o put together, assemble
    3 fam (organizar un escándalo, un alboroto) la armaron buena, they kicked up a real fuss
    ' armar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    bulla
    - cirio
    - Cristo
    - jaleo
    - lío
    - bronca
    - camorra
    - escándalo
    English:
    arm
    - fuss
    - kick up
    - pitch
    - put together
    - rig
    - row
    - song
    - stink
    - assemble
    - construct
    - disturbance
    - erect
    - kick
    - put
    - set
    - stiffen
    - stir
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    1. [montar] [mueble, modelo] to assemble;
    [tienda] to pitch
    2. [ejército, personas] to arm;
    armaron a los ciudadanos con fusiles they armed the citizens with rifles;
    3. [fusil, pistola] to load
    4. Fam [lío, escándalo] to cause;
    armarla to cause trouble;
    armó una buena con sus comentarios she really went and did it with the comments she made;
    ¡buena la has armado! you've really gone and done it now!;
    armar bronca o [m5] bulla to kick up a row o racket;
    armar camorra to pick a fight;
    armar la gorda to kick up a fuss o stink
    5. [fundar, sentar] to base, to found
    6. Náut to fit out
    7. Am [cigarrillo] to roll
    8. Comp
    Méx Fam
    armarla: ¿sabes algo de electrónica? – no, no la armo do you know anything about electronics? – no, I'm no good in that department
    * * *
    v/t
    1 MIL arm
    2 TÉC assemble, put together
    3
    :
    armar un escándalo fam kick up a fuss fam, make a scene fam ;
    armarla cause trouble
    * * *
    armar vt
    1) : to assemble, to put together
    2) : to create, to cause
    armar un escándalo: to cause a scene
    3) : to arm
    * * *
    armar vb
    2. (montar muebles) to assemble
    ¿sabes armar la estantería? can you assemble the shelves?
    3. (montar tienda) to put up [pt. & pp. put]
    4. (causar) to make

    Spanish-English dictionary > armar

  • 60 ओजस् _ōjas

    ओजस् n.
    1 Bodily strength, vigour; energy, ability.
    -2 Vitality; Ms.1.16.
    -3 Virility, the generative faculty. The writers on Āyurveda, however, dis- stinguish between ओजस् and शुक्रम्; cf. क्षीरस्थघृतमिव भिन्न- मोजः शुक्रेण Ḍalhaṇa. रसादीनां शुक्रान्तानां धातूनां यत् परं तेजस्तत् खलु ओजः Sruśr. ओजोविवृद्धौ देहस्य तुष्टि-पुष्टिबलोदयाः Aṣṭāṅga.
    -4 Splendour, light; Bhāg.7.3.23.
    -5 (In Rhet.) An elaborate form of style, abundance of compounds; (considered by Daṇḍin to be the 'soul of prose'); ओजः समासभूयस्त्वमेतद्गद्यस्य जीवितम् Kāv.1.8; see K. P.8 also; said to be of 5 kinds in R. G.
    -6 (In Astr.) Each alternate sign of the zodiac (as the first, third &c.).
    -7 Water.
    -8 Metallic lustre.
    -9 Manifestation, appearance.
    -1 Skill in the use of weapons.
    -11 Speed; एष ह्यतिबलः सैन्ये रथेन पवनौजसा Rām.7.29.12.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > ओजस् _ōjas

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

  • No first use — (NFU) refers to a pledge or a policy by a nuclear power not to use nuclear weapons as a means of warfare unless first attacked by an adversary using nuclear weapons. The concept can also be applied to chemical or biological warfare. As of October …   Wikipedia

  • First Battle of Bull Run — (First Manassas) Part of the American Civil War Fi …   Wikipedia

  • First strike — In nuclear strategy, a first strike is a preemptive surprise attack employing overwhelming force. First strike capability is a country s ability to defeat another nuclear power by destroying its arsenal to the point where the attacking country… …   Wikipedia

  • first-strike — adjective see first strike * * * firstˈ strike adjective • • • Main Entry: ↑first * * * first strike «FURST STRYK», adjective, noun. –adj. 1. (of a nuclear weapon or force) designed or intended for use only in an initial attack: »Weapons openly… …   Useful english dictionary

  • First Chief Directorate — The First Chief Directorate (Russian: Первое Главное Управление) (or PGU) of the Committee for State Security (KGB), was the organization responsible for foreign operations and intelligence collection activities by the training and management of… …   Wikipedia

  • First Chechen War — Russian helicopter brought down by Chechen fighters near the capital Grozny in 1994 …   Wikipedia

  • First Battle of Fallujah — Part of the Iraq War A U.S. Marine from the 1st Marine Division mans an M 240G machine gun outside …   Wikipedia

  • Use of Weapons —   …   Wikipedia

  • First Sino-Japanese War — Japanese troops during the Sino Japanese war …   Wikipedia

  • First Sergeant — is the name of a military rank used in some countries.ingaporeFirst Sergeant is a Specialist rank in the Singapore Armed Forces. First Sergeants are the most senior of the junior Specialists, ranking above Second Sergeants, and below Staff… …   Wikipedia

  • first strike — first′ strike′ n. mil a preemptive use of nuclear weapons in a conflict …   From formal English to slang

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
… Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»