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break+through

  • 21 perfodio

    I
    perfodere, perfodi, perfossus V TRANS
    bore/dig/make hole/passage/channel/break in/through; dig/pierce/stab/perforate
    II
    perfodire, perfodivi, perfoditus V TRANS
    bore/dig/make hole/passage/channel/break in/through; dig/pierce/stab/perforate

    Latin-English dictionary > perfodio

  • 22 confringo

    confringo, frēgi, fractum, 3, v. a. [frango], to break in pieces (class. in prose and poetry).
    I.
    Prop.:

    hirneam,

    Cato, R. R. 81:

    pultando pedibus paene confregi hasce ambas (fores),

    Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 25:

    fores caedendo,

    Liv. 26, 46, 6:

    portarum claustra,

    Lucr. 1, 71:

    imbrices et tegulas,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 24; id. Capt. 4, 4, 8:

    digitos,

    Cic. Fl. 30, 73:

    ossa,

    Plin. 28, 10, 45, § 159:

    arbores vi tempestatis,

    Dig. 39, 2, 24:

    enses ensibus,

    Luc. 7, 573:

    turres valli impetu,

    id. 6, 123:

    confracta navis,

    Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 64; cf.
    * Suet.
    Ner. 34:

    scaeptra manu,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 272.—Prov.:

    tesseram (hospitalem),

    to break friendship, violate faith, Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 36.—
    II.
    Trop., to break, bring to naught, destroy:

    rem,

    to dissipate, run through property, Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 49; id. Trin. 1, 2, 71: superbiam, Titin. ap. Non. p. 316, 3:

    consilia senatoria,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 5, § 13:

    vires hostium,

    Val. Max. 7, 2, ext. 17:

    rem publicam,

    id. 4, 5, 2; Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 69.—Hence, confractus, a, um, P. a., broken, uneven:

    in confracto (opp. in aequo),

    Plin. 35, 11, 40, § 127.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > confringo

  • 23 dirimo

    dĭrĭmo, ēmi, emptum ( perf. dirempsi, cited as error, Charis. 220 P.), 3, v. a. [disĕmo, like diribeo, from dis-habeo], to take apart; to part, separate, divide (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. sense—cf.: findo, scindo, divello, separo, sejungo, segrego, secerno).
    I.
    Lit.:

    dirimi corpus distrahive,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 12; cf. Lucr. 6, 1075:

    Tiberis Veientem agrum a Crustumino dirimens,

    Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 53; cf.:

    castris Ilerdam,

    Luc. 4, 33: sontes justis (Minos), Claud. ap. Rufin. 2, 477:

    oppida nostra unius diei itinere dirimuntur,

    are separated from each other, Plin. Ep. 6, 8, 2; cf.:

    urbs Vulturno flumine dirempta,

    Liv. 22, 15; and:

    dirempta mari gens,

    Plin. Pan. 32; and absol.:

    dirimente amne,

    Liv. 42, 39 et saep.— Poet., of cutting through the waves in a ship, Stat. Th. 5, 482.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To break off, interrupt, to disturb, put off, delay (the fig. is taken from combatants who are parted asunder; transferred, like the opp. committere, to things; cf.:

    dirimere infestas acies, dirimere iras,

    Liv. 1, 13):

    proelium tandem diremit nox,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 99; so,

    proelium,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 40 fin.; Sall. J. 60 fin.; Liv. 37, 32; Verg. A. 5, 467 al.; cf. Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 9:

    pugnam,

    Liv. 27, 13:

    bellum,

    id. 27, 30; 40, 52; Verg. A. 12, 79:

    certamina,

    Ov. M. 5, 314 et saep.:

    controversiam,

    i. e. to adjust, compose, Cic. Off. 3, 33, 119:

    seditionem,

    Front. Strat. 1, 8, 6:

    litem,

    Ov. M. 1, 21:

    rem arbitrio,

    id. F. 6, 98 et saep.; also, to separate, dissolve, break off a connection:

    conjunctionem civium,

    Cic. Off. 3, 5, 23:

    societatem,

    id. Sull. 2, 6; Liv. 8, 23:

    nuptias,

    Suet. Caes. 43:

    affinitatem,

    Tac. A. 12, 4:

    amicitias,

    id. ib. 6, 29; cf. Cic. Lael. 10, 34:

    caritatem quae est inter natos et parentes,

    id. ib. 8, 27:

    pacem,

    Liv. 9, 8; Quint. 2, 16, 7:

    conubium,

    Liv. 4, 6 et saep.—So too, to interrupt, disturb, break up a conversation, deliberation, etc.:

    colloquium,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 46, 4:

    sermonem,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 11:

    concilia populi,

    Liv. 1, 36 fin.:

    comitia,

    id. 40, 59 al.; cf. absol.:

    actum est eo die nihil: nox diremit,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 13, 2.—
    B.
    In gen., to destroy, frustrate, bring to naught:

    natura animaï morte dirempta,

    Lucr. 1, 114:

    auspicium,

    Liv. 8, 23 fin.; cf.:

    rem susceptam,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 12, 31: dirimere [p. 585] tempus et proferre diem, id. Div. 1, 39, 85:

    ea res consilium diremit,

    Sall. C. 18 fin.— Absnl., to dissuade, to be unfavorable:

    dirimen tibus auspicibus,

    Amm. 14, 10, 9.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > dirimo

  • 24 praecaedit

    prae-cīdo (old form praecaedit, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 13, 18), cīdi, cīsum, 3, v. a. [caedo], to cut off in front; hence, in gen., to cut off.
    I.
    Lit. (class.); constr. with acc. alone, or with acc. and dat. or gen. of person.
    (α).
    With acc. and dat.:

    linguam alicui,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 12:

    manum alicui gladio,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 20, 59:

    aures, nasum et labia alicui,

    Just. 1, 10, 5.—
    (β).
    With acc. and gen.:

    collegae sui praecidi caput jussit,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 55:

    quae patrem occiderit, manus ejus praecidantur,

    Sen. Contr. 9, 27, 8.—
    (γ).
    With acc.:

    manus,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 44:

    caput, Quadrig. ap. Gell. l. l.: capita,

    Petr. 1:

    medici membra praecidunt,

    Quint. 8, 3, 75:

    capillos,

    id. ib. 8, 3, 105:

    ancoras,

    to cut the cables, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 88:

    fistulas, quibus aqua suppeditatur,

    id. Rab. Perd. 11, 31:

    traducem,

    Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 211.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    To cut through, cut up (class.):

    cotem novaculā,

    Cic. Div. 1, 17, 32:

    linguam Nicanoris praecisam jussit particulatim avibus dari,

    Vulg. 2 Macc. 15, 33:

    naves,

    to cripple, make unfit for service, Cic. Att. 9, 6, 3.—
    2.
    To beat to pieces, to batter, smash (ante-class.):

    praecide os tu illi,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 52 (dub.; cf. id. Pers. 2, 4, 12 Ritschl).—
    3.
    Praecidere sinum maris, to cut off, avoid, i. e. to sail straight (postAug.), Sen. Ep. 53, 1: medium mare, Auct. Quint. Decl. 12, 22; cf.

    iter,

    Plin. 8, 22, 34, [p. 1413] § 83.—
    II.
    Trop., to cut off, to take away.
    A.
    Of speech, to cut short, abridge; to cut short one's words, to be brief, break off or finish abruptly:

    dum te obtuetur, interim linguam oculi praeciderunt,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 56:

    maximam partem defensionis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 62, § 151:

    sibi licentiam libertatemque vivendi,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 1, §

    3: sibi reditum,

    id. Pis. 22, 51:

    per abscissionem significatio fit, si, cum incipimus aliquid dicere, praecidimus,

    Auct. Her. 4, 54, 67:

    brevi praecidam,

    in a word, in short, briefly, Cic. Sen. 16, 57:

    praecide, inquit,

    cut it short, be brief, id. Ac. 2, 43, 133.—
    B.
    To break off, cut off, end, destroy; esp. with spem:

    si non praeciditur spes plebeio quoque, apiscendi summi honoris,

    Liv. 4, 3, 7:

    praecisa consulatūs spes erit,

    id. 4, 3, 15; 24, 31, 12; 42, 50, 1:

    id sum assecutus, ut una hora perdito spem judicii corrumpendi praeciderem,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 7, § 20:

    utrum spem nostram praecidat an differat,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 28, 4; id. Ben. 2, 5, 1.—Also of friendship, etc.: amicitias repente praecidere, to break off suddenly (opp. sensim dissuere), Cic. Off. 1, 33, 120.—
    C.
    To deny flatly, refuse, decline, etc.:

    plane sine ullā exceptione praecidit,

    flatly refused, Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2:

    cupiebam eum esse nobiscum: quod quia praeciderat,

    id. ib. 10, 16, 1.—Hence, praecīsus, a, um, P. a.
    A.
    Lit., cut or torn off, separated ( poet.):

    Trinacria Italiā praecisa,

    Manil. 4, 630.— Subst.: praecī-sum, i, n., a piece of meat cut off, a cutlet, steak (ante-class.), Naev. ap. Non. 151, 2: praeciso capi, Lucil. ib.—
    2.
    Transf.
    a.
    Castrated (post-class.):

    fanatici,

    Lampr. Elag. 7:

    praecisi ac professi impudientiam,

    Sen. Prov. 5, 3.—
    b.
    Broken off, steep, abrupt, precipitous ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    acuta silex praecisis undique saxis,

    Verg. A. 8, 233:

    iter,

    Sall. J. 92, 7:

    rupes,

    Quint. 12, 9, 2.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    Shortened, short, brief (post-Aug.):

    praecisis conclusionibus obscuri,

    Quint. 10, 2, 17:

    comprehensio,

    id. 7, 3, 15.—
    2.
    Troublesome (postclass.):

    ut sub obtentu militiae praecisiorem se adversario faceret (al. pretiosiorem),

    Dig. 49, 16, 4.—Hence, adv.: prae-cīsē.
    1.
    In short, in few words, briefly, concisely (class.):

    praecise dicere (opp. plene et perfecte dicere),

    Cic. N. D. 2, 29, 73.—
    2.
    Positively, absolutely (class.):

    praecise negare alicui,

    Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2:

    non praecise, sed sub condicione,

    Dig. 36, 3, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > praecaedit

  • 25 praecido

    prae-cīdo (old form praecaedit, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 13, 18), cīdi, cīsum, 3, v. a. [caedo], to cut off in front; hence, in gen., to cut off.
    I.
    Lit. (class.); constr. with acc. alone, or with acc. and dat. or gen. of person.
    (α).
    With acc. and dat.:

    linguam alicui,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 12:

    manum alicui gladio,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 20, 59:

    aures, nasum et labia alicui,

    Just. 1, 10, 5.—
    (β).
    With acc. and gen.:

    collegae sui praecidi caput jussit,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 55:

    quae patrem occiderit, manus ejus praecidantur,

    Sen. Contr. 9, 27, 8.—
    (γ).
    With acc.:

    manus,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 44:

    caput, Quadrig. ap. Gell. l. l.: capita,

    Petr. 1:

    medici membra praecidunt,

    Quint. 8, 3, 75:

    capillos,

    id. ib. 8, 3, 105:

    ancoras,

    to cut the cables, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 88:

    fistulas, quibus aqua suppeditatur,

    id. Rab. Perd. 11, 31:

    traducem,

    Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 211.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    To cut through, cut up (class.):

    cotem novaculā,

    Cic. Div. 1, 17, 32:

    linguam Nicanoris praecisam jussit particulatim avibus dari,

    Vulg. 2 Macc. 15, 33:

    naves,

    to cripple, make unfit for service, Cic. Att. 9, 6, 3.—
    2.
    To beat to pieces, to batter, smash (ante-class.):

    praecide os tu illi,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 52 (dub.; cf. id. Pers. 2, 4, 12 Ritschl).—
    3.
    Praecidere sinum maris, to cut off, avoid, i. e. to sail straight (postAug.), Sen. Ep. 53, 1: medium mare, Auct. Quint. Decl. 12, 22; cf.

    iter,

    Plin. 8, 22, 34, [p. 1413] § 83.—
    II.
    Trop., to cut off, to take away.
    A.
    Of speech, to cut short, abridge; to cut short one's words, to be brief, break off or finish abruptly:

    dum te obtuetur, interim linguam oculi praeciderunt,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 56:

    maximam partem defensionis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 62, § 151:

    sibi licentiam libertatemque vivendi,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 1, §

    3: sibi reditum,

    id. Pis. 22, 51:

    per abscissionem significatio fit, si, cum incipimus aliquid dicere, praecidimus,

    Auct. Her. 4, 54, 67:

    brevi praecidam,

    in a word, in short, briefly, Cic. Sen. 16, 57:

    praecide, inquit,

    cut it short, be brief, id. Ac. 2, 43, 133.—
    B.
    To break off, cut off, end, destroy; esp. with spem:

    si non praeciditur spes plebeio quoque, apiscendi summi honoris,

    Liv. 4, 3, 7:

    praecisa consulatūs spes erit,

    id. 4, 3, 15; 24, 31, 12; 42, 50, 1:

    id sum assecutus, ut una hora perdito spem judicii corrumpendi praeciderem,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 7, § 20:

    utrum spem nostram praecidat an differat,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 28, 4; id. Ben. 2, 5, 1.—Also of friendship, etc.: amicitias repente praecidere, to break off suddenly (opp. sensim dissuere), Cic. Off. 1, 33, 120.—
    C.
    To deny flatly, refuse, decline, etc.:

    plane sine ullā exceptione praecidit,

    flatly refused, Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2:

    cupiebam eum esse nobiscum: quod quia praeciderat,

    id. ib. 10, 16, 1.—Hence, praecīsus, a, um, P. a.
    A.
    Lit., cut or torn off, separated ( poet.):

    Trinacria Italiā praecisa,

    Manil. 4, 630.— Subst.: praecī-sum, i, n., a piece of meat cut off, a cutlet, steak (ante-class.), Naev. ap. Non. 151, 2: praeciso capi, Lucil. ib.—
    2.
    Transf.
    a.
    Castrated (post-class.):

    fanatici,

    Lampr. Elag. 7:

    praecisi ac professi impudientiam,

    Sen. Prov. 5, 3.—
    b.
    Broken off, steep, abrupt, precipitous ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    acuta silex praecisis undique saxis,

    Verg. A. 8, 233:

    iter,

    Sall. J. 92, 7:

    rupes,

    Quint. 12, 9, 2.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    Shortened, short, brief (post-Aug.):

    praecisis conclusionibus obscuri,

    Quint. 10, 2, 17:

    comprehensio,

    id. 7, 3, 15.—
    2.
    Troublesome (postclass.):

    ut sub obtentu militiae praecisiorem se adversario faceret (al. pretiosiorem),

    Dig. 49, 16, 4.—Hence, adv.: prae-cīsē.
    1.
    In short, in few words, briefly, concisely (class.):

    praecise dicere (opp. plene et perfecte dicere),

    Cic. N. D. 2, 29, 73.—
    2.
    Positively, absolutely (class.):

    praecise negare alicui,

    Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2:

    non praecise, sed sub condicione,

    Dig. 36, 3, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > praecido

  • 26 incidentia

    1.
    incĭdo, cĭdi, cāsum, 3 ( fut. part. act. incasurus, Plin. 2, 27, 27, § 97; perf. scanned incĭdĕrunt, Lucr. 6, 1174), v. n. [in-cado], to fall into or upon a thing, to fall, light upon (freq. and class.).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen., constr. with in and acc.; less freq. with other prepp., with the dat., or absol.
    (α).
    With in and acc.:

    in foveam,

    Cic. Phil. 4, 5, 12:

    ex spelunca saxum in crura ejus incidit,

    id. Fat. 3, 6:

    e nubi in nubem vis incidit ardens fulminis,

    Lucr. 6, 145; cf. id. 296:

    in segetem flamma,

    falls, Verg. A. 2, 305:

    pestilentia in urbem,

    Liv. 27, 23 fin.:

    ut incideret luna tum in eam metam, quae esset umbra terrae, etc.,

    entered, Cic. Rep. 1, 14, 22:

    in oculos,

    Plin. 20, 17, 73, § 187:

    incidentibus vobis in vallum portasque,

    Liv. 27, 13, 2:

    in laqueos,

    Juv. 10, 314.—
    (β).
    With other prepp.:

    incidit ictus Ingens ad terram duplicato poplite Turnus,

    Verg. A. 12, 926:

    (turris) super agmina late incidit,

    id. ib. 2, 467.—
    (γ).
    With dat.:

    incidere portis,

    to rush into, Liv. 5, 11, 14; 5, 26, 8:

    lymphis putealibus,

    Lucr. 6, 1174:

    caput incidit arae,

    Ov. M. 5, 104: Sagunti ruinae nostris capitibus incident, Liv. 21, 10, 10:

    ultimis Romanis,

    id. 28, 13, 9:

    jacenti,

    Stat. Th. 5, 233:

    hi duo amnes confluentes incidunt Oriundi flumini,

    empty, fall into, Liv. 44, 31, 4:

    modo serius incidis (sol) undis,

    sink, Ov. M. 4, 198.—
    (γ).
    Absol.:

    illa (hasta) volans, umeri surgunt qua tegmina summa, incidit,

    Verg. A. 10, 477: incidit Adriaci spatium admirabile rhombi, i. e. into the fisherman ' s net, Juv. 4, 39. —
    B.
    In partic., to fall upon, meet, or come upon unexpectedly, fall in with a person or thing.
    (α).
    With in and acc.:

    in aliquem incurrere atque incidere,

    Cic. Planc. 7, 17:

    cum hic in me incidit,

    id. ib. 41, 99:

    C. Valerius Procillus, cum in fuga catenis vinctus traheretur, in ipsum Caesarem incidit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 53, 5:

    in insidias,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 3; cf.:

    in quos (milites), si qui ex acie fugerint, de improviso incidant,

    id. Rosc. Am. 52, 151:

    in manus alicujus,

    id. Clu. 7, 21:

    in vituperatores,

    id. Fam. 7, 3, 6; 6, 1, 25.—
    (β).
    With inter:

    inter catervas armatorum,

    Liv. 25, 39.—
    (γ).
    With dat.:

    qui (oculi) quocumque inciderunt,

    Cic. Mil. 1, 1; Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 13; Quint. 11, 3, 50:

    sane homini praeter opinionem improviso incidi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 182:

    incidit huic Appennicolae bellator filius Anni,

    Verg. A. 11, 699.—
    (δ).
    With acc. alone (late Lat.):

    bene quod meas potissimum manus incidisti,

    App. M. 6, p. 176, 24; id. ib. p. 179, 4:

    fatales laqueos,

    Vulc. Gall. Avid. Caes. 2, § 2.—
    C.
    Transf., to fall upon, attack, assault: triarii consurgentes... in hostem incidebant. Liv. 8, 8, 13:

    postquam acrius ultimis incidebat Romanus,

    id. 28, 13, 9.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to fall into any condition.
    (α).
    With in and acc.:

    in morbum,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 4: in febriculam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21 fin.:

    in miserias,

    id. Phil. 2, 10, 24; cf.:

    qui inciderant (sc. in morbum) haud facile septimum diem superabant,

    Liv. 41, 21, 5:

    ut si in hujusmodi amicitias ignari casu aliquo inciderint,

    Cic. Lael. 12, 42:

    quodsi quis etiam a culpa vacuus in amicitiam ejus inciderat,

    Sall. C. 14, 4:

    in honoris contentionem,

    Cic. Lael. 10, 34:

    in imperiorum, honorum, gloriae cupiditatem,

    id. Off. 1, 8, 26:

    in furorem et insaniam,

    Cic. Pis. 20, 46. —
    (β).
    With acc. alone:

    caecitatem, Ambros. de Tobia, 2: iram,

    Lact. Plac. Narr. Fab. 1, 10:

    amorem,

    id. ib. 14, 1.—
    B.
    To fall upon, befall:

    eo anno pestilentia gravis incidit in urbem agrosque,

    Liv. 27, 23, 6:

    tantus terror incidit ejus exercitui,

    fell upon, Caes. B. C. 3, 13, 2; cf.:

    ut nihil incidisset postea civitati mali, quod, etc.,

    happened, Cic. de Or. 1, 7, 26.—
    C.
    In partic.
    1.
    To fall upon accidentally; to light upon, in thought or conversation:

    non consulto, sed casu in eorum mentionem incidi,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, 50; id. Lael. 1, 3; cf.:

    fortuito in sermonem alicujus incidere,

    id. de Or. 1, 24, 111:

    in eum sermonem incidere, qui, etc.,

    id. Lael. 1, 2:

    in varios sermones,

    id. Att. 16, 2, 4:

    cum in eam memoriam et recordationem nuper ex sermone quodam incidissemus,

    id. Brut. 2, 9:

    iterum in mentionem incidimus viri,

    Tac. H. 4, 5; Plin. Ep. 9, 33, 1.—
    2.
    To come or occur to one's mind:

    sapiens appeteret aliquid, quodcumque in mentem incideret et quodcumque tamquam occurreret,

    come into his mind, Cic. Fin. 4, 16, 43; cf. Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 5; id. Heaut. 3, 1, 75:

    redeunti, ex ipsa re mihi incidit suspicio,

    id. And. 2, 2, 22; 3, 2, 21:

    tanta nunc suspicio de me incidit,

    id. Ad. 4, 4, 5:

    dicam, verum, ut aliud ex alio incidit,

    id. Heaut. 3, 3, 37:

    nihil te effugiet atque omne. quod erit in re occurret atque incidet,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 34, 147:

    potantibus his apud Sex. Tarquinium incidit de uxoribus mentio,

    Liv. 1, 57, 6.—
    3.
    To fall upon, happen in a certain time.
    (α).
    With in and acc.:

    quod in id rei publicae tempus non incideris, sed veneris — judicio enim tuo, non casu in ipsum discrimen rerum contulisti tribunatum tuum—profecto vides, quanta vis, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 2:

    quorum aetas in eorum tempora, quos nominavi, incidit,

    Cic. Or. 12, 39; cf. id. Fam. 5, 15, 3:

    quoniam in eadem rei publicae tempora incidimus,

    id. ib. 5, 8, 3 fin.:

    facies me in quem diem Romana incidant mysteria certiorem,

    id. Att. 6, 1, 26:

    cum in Kalendas Januarias Compitaliorum dies incidisset,

    id. Pis. 4, 8:

    quae (bella) in ejus aetatem gravissima inciderunt,

    Quint. 12, 11, 16: in eum annum quo erat Hortensius consul futurus, incidere, to fall into, i. e. to extend the case until, etc., id. 6, 5, 4; cf.:

    quintus annus cum in te praetorem incidisset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 56, § 139.—
    (β).
    With acc. alone (late Lat.):

    ut menses... autumnale tempus inciderent,

    Sol. 1, § 44.—
    4.
    To fall out, happen, occur:

    et in nostra civitate et in ceteris, multis fortissimis atque optimis viris injustis judiciis tales casus incidisse,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3:

    si quid tibi durius inciderit,

    Prop. 1, 15, 28; cf.: si casus inciderit, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 6:

    incidunt saepe tempora cum, etc.,

    id. Off. 1, 10, 31:

    eorum ipsorum, quae honesta sunt, potest incidere saepe contentio et comparatio,

    id. ib. 1, 43, 152:

    potest incidere quaestio,

    Quint. 7, 1, 19:

    verbum si quod minus usitatum incidat,

    id. 2, 5, 4:

    in magnis quoque auctoribus incidunt aliqua vitiosa,

    id. 10, 2, 15; 11, 1, 70; Cels. 5, 27, 3: ea accidisse non quia haec facta sunt, arbitror;

    verum haec ideo facta, quia incasura erant illa,

    Plin. 2, 27, 27, § 97:

    si quando ita incidat,

    Quint. 2, 5, 5; cf.:

    forte ita incidit, ut, etc.,

    Liv. 26, 23, 2:

    forte ita inciderat, ne, etc.,

    id. 1, 46, 5.—
    5.
    To fall in with, coincide, agree with, in opinion, etc.:

    ne ipse incidat in Diodorum, etc.,

    Cic. Fat. 8, 15.—
    6.
    To stumble upon, undertake at random:

    sic existumes non me fortuito ad tuam amplitudinem meis officiis amplectendam incidisse, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3.— Hence in part. pres.: incĭdentĭa, subst., occurrences, events, Amm. 14, 5, 4; 22, 9, 2 al.
    2.
    incīdo, cīdi, cīsum, 3, v. a. [in-caedo], to cut into, cut through, cut open, cut up (class.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    teneris arboribus incisis atque inflexis,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 17, 4:

    arbores,

    Plin. 12, 14, 30, § 54; 32, § 58:

    inciditur vitro, lapide, osseisve cultellis,

    id. 12, 25, 54, § 115; cf.:

    palmes inciditur in medullam,

    id. 14, 9, 11, § 84:

    venam,

    to open, id. 29, 6, 58, § 126; Cels. 2, 8; Tac. A. 16, 19; cf.:

    incisi nervi,

    Plin. 11, 37, 88, § 218:

    circa vulnus scalpello,

    Cels. 5, 27, 3:

    pinnas,

    to clip, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 5; so,

    vites falce,

    Verg. E. 3, 11:

    pulmo incisus,

    cut up, divided, Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85; cf.:

    eupatoria foliis per extremitates incisis,

    i. e. notched, indented, Plin. 5, 6, 29, § 65:

    nos linum incidimus, legimus,

    cut through, cut, Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 10:

    funem,

    Verg. A. 3, 667: corpora mortuorum, to dissect, Cels. praef.:

    nocentes homines vivos,

    id. ib.:

    quid habet haruspex cur pulmo incisus etiam in bonis extis dirimat tempus?

    Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85:

    si rectum limitem rupti torrentibus pontes inciderint,

    cut through, broken through, Quint. 2, 13, 16:

    squamisque incisus adaestuat amnis,

    Stat. Th. 5, 517:

    non incisa notis marmcra publicis,

    engraved, Hor. C. 4, 8, 13:

    tabula... his ferme incisa litteris fuit,

    Liv. 6, 29 fin.
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    To cut in, to carve, engrave, inscribe on any thing; usually constr. with in and abl.; less freq. with in and acc., the dat., or absol.
    (α).
    With in and abl.:

    id non modo tum scripserunt, verum etiam in aere incisum nobis tradiderunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65; cf.:

    foedus in columna aenea incisum et perscriptum,

    id. Balb. 23, 53; id. Verr. 2, 2, 63, § 154:

    in qua basi grandibus litteris P. Africani nomen erat incisum,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 34, §

    74: nomina in tabula incisa,

    id. Fam. 13, 36, 1:

    notum est carmen incisum in sepulcro,

    id. de Sen. 17, 61; id. Pis. 29, 72; id. Font. 14, 31:

    incidens litteras in fago recenti,

    Plin. 16, 9, 14, § 35:

    indicem in aeneis tabulis,

    Suet. Aug. 101:

    quae vos incidenda in aere censuistis,

    Plin. Pan. 75, 1.—
    (β).
    With in and acc.:

    quae (acta) ille in aes incidit,

    Plin. Pan. 1, 7, 16:

    leges in aes incisae,

    Liv. 3, 57 fin.:

    lege jam in aes incisā,

    Suet. Aug. 28 fin.:

    quod ita erit gestum, lex erit, et in aes incidi jubebitis credo illa legitima: consules populum jure rogaverunt, etc.,

    Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 26.—
    (γ).
    With dat. ( poet. and post-Aug.):

    verba ceris,

    Ov. M. 9, 529:

    amores arboribus,

    Verg. E. 10, 53:

    fastos marmoreo parieti,

    Suet. Gramm. 17:

    nomen non trabibus aut saxis,

    Plin. Pan. 54, 7; cf.:

    primum aliquid da, quod possim titulis incidere,

    i. e. among your titles, Juv. 8, 69.—
    (δ).
    Absol.:

    incidebantur jam domi leges,

    Cic. Mil. 32, 87; cf.:

    tabula his litteris incīsa,

    Liv. 6, 29, 9:

    sine delectu morum quisquis incisus est,

    inscribed, registered, Sen. Ben. 4, 28:

    Victorem litteris incisis appellare,

    Macr. S. 3, 6, 11.—
    2.
    To make by [p. 921] cutting, to cut (rare):

    ferroque incidit acuto Perpetuos dentes et serrae repperit usum,

    Ov. M. 8, 245:

    novas incide faces, tibi ducitur uxor,

    Verg. E. 8, 29; Col. 2, 21, 3.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To break off, interrupt, put an end to:

    poëma ad Caesarem, quod institueram, incidi,

    have broken off, stopped, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4, § 11:

    inciditur omnis jam deliberatio, si intellegitur non posse fieri,

    id. de Or. 2, 82, 336; cf. Liv. 32, 37, 5:

    tandem haec singultu verba incidente profatur,

    Stat. Th. 9, 884:

    novas lites,

    Verg. E. 9, 14:

    ludum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 36:

    vocis genus crebro incidens,

    broken, interrupted, Cic. de Or. 3, 58, 217.—
    B.
    To cut off, cut short, take away, remove:

    media,

    to cut short, Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47:

    qui mihi pinnas inciderant nolunt easdem renasci,

    id. 4, 2, 5:

    Tarquinius spe omni reditus incisā exsulatum Tusculum abiit,

    cut off, Liv. 2, 15, 7:

    spe incisā,

    id. 3, 58, 6; 35, 31, 7; cf. id. 44, 6, 13; 44, 13, 3:

    tantos actus,

    Sil. 3, 78:

    ipsam, quam promimus horam casus incidit,

    Sen. Ep. 101:

    testamentum,

    to annul, invalidate, Dig. 28, 4, 3.—
    C.
    In rhet., to make by cutting, to cut:

    aequaliter particulas,

    Cic. Or. 61, 205.— Hence,
    1.
    incī-sum, i, n., rhet. t. t. for the Gr. komma, a section or division of a sentence, a clause: quae nescio cur, cum Graeci kommata et kôla nominent, nos non recte incisa et membra dicamus, Cic. Or. 62, 211 (for which:

    incisiones et membra,

    id. 64, 261):

    incisum erit sensus non expleto numero conclusus, plerisque pars membri,

    Quint. 9, 4, 122; cf. id. ib. 22; 32; 44; 67; 123.—
    2.
    incīsē, adv., in short clauses:

    quo pacto deceat incise membratimve dici,

    Cic. Or. 63, 212; cf. incisim.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > incidentia

  • 27 incido

    1.
    incĭdo, cĭdi, cāsum, 3 ( fut. part. act. incasurus, Plin. 2, 27, 27, § 97; perf. scanned incĭdĕrunt, Lucr. 6, 1174), v. n. [in-cado], to fall into or upon a thing, to fall, light upon (freq. and class.).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen., constr. with in and acc.; less freq. with other prepp., with the dat., or absol.
    (α).
    With in and acc.:

    in foveam,

    Cic. Phil. 4, 5, 12:

    ex spelunca saxum in crura ejus incidit,

    id. Fat. 3, 6:

    e nubi in nubem vis incidit ardens fulminis,

    Lucr. 6, 145; cf. id. 296:

    in segetem flamma,

    falls, Verg. A. 2, 305:

    pestilentia in urbem,

    Liv. 27, 23 fin.:

    ut incideret luna tum in eam metam, quae esset umbra terrae, etc.,

    entered, Cic. Rep. 1, 14, 22:

    in oculos,

    Plin. 20, 17, 73, § 187:

    incidentibus vobis in vallum portasque,

    Liv. 27, 13, 2:

    in laqueos,

    Juv. 10, 314.—
    (β).
    With other prepp.:

    incidit ictus Ingens ad terram duplicato poplite Turnus,

    Verg. A. 12, 926:

    (turris) super agmina late incidit,

    id. ib. 2, 467.—
    (γ).
    With dat.:

    incidere portis,

    to rush into, Liv. 5, 11, 14; 5, 26, 8:

    lymphis putealibus,

    Lucr. 6, 1174:

    caput incidit arae,

    Ov. M. 5, 104: Sagunti ruinae nostris capitibus incident, Liv. 21, 10, 10:

    ultimis Romanis,

    id. 28, 13, 9:

    jacenti,

    Stat. Th. 5, 233:

    hi duo amnes confluentes incidunt Oriundi flumini,

    empty, fall into, Liv. 44, 31, 4:

    modo serius incidis (sol) undis,

    sink, Ov. M. 4, 198.—
    (γ).
    Absol.:

    illa (hasta) volans, umeri surgunt qua tegmina summa, incidit,

    Verg. A. 10, 477: incidit Adriaci spatium admirabile rhombi, i. e. into the fisherman ' s net, Juv. 4, 39. —
    B.
    In partic., to fall upon, meet, or come upon unexpectedly, fall in with a person or thing.
    (α).
    With in and acc.:

    in aliquem incurrere atque incidere,

    Cic. Planc. 7, 17:

    cum hic in me incidit,

    id. ib. 41, 99:

    C. Valerius Procillus, cum in fuga catenis vinctus traheretur, in ipsum Caesarem incidit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 53, 5:

    in insidias,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 3; cf.:

    in quos (milites), si qui ex acie fugerint, de improviso incidant,

    id. Rosc. Am. 52, 151:

    in manus alicujus,

    id. Clu. 7, 21:

    in vituperatores,

    id. Fam. 7, 3, 6; 6, 1, 25.—
    (β).
    With inter:

    inter catervas armatorum,

    Liv. 25, 39.—
    (γ).
    With dat.:

    qui (oculi) quocumque inciderunt,

    Cic. Mil. 1, 1; Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 13; Quint. 11, 3, 50:

    sane homini praeter opinionem improviso incidi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 182:

    incidit huic Appennicolae bellator filius Anni,

    Verg. A. 11, 699.—
    (δ).
    With acc. alone (late Lat.):

    bene quod meas potissimum manus incidisti,

    App. M. 6, p. 176, 24; id. ib. p. 179, 4:

    fatales laqueos,

    Vulc. Gall. Avid. Caes. 2, § 2.—
    C.
    Transf., to fall upon, attack, assault: triarii consurgentes... in hostem incidebant. Liv. 8, 8, 13:

    postquam acrius ultimis incidebat Romanus,

    id. 28, 13, 9.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to fall into any condition.
    (α).
    With in and acc.:

    in morbum,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 4: in febriculam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21 fin.:

    in miserias,

    id. Phil. 2, 10, 24; cf.:

    qui inciderant (sc. in morbum) haud facile septimum diem superabant,

    Liv. 41, 21, 5:

    ut si in hujusmodi amicitias ignari casu aliquo inciderint,

    Cic. Lael. 12, 42:

    quodsi quis etiam a culpa vacuus in amicitiam ejus inciderat,

    Sall. C. 14, 4:

    in honoris contentionem,

    Cic. Lael. 10, 34:

    in imperiorum, honorum, gloriae cupiditatem,

    id. Off. 1, 8, 26:

    in furorem et insaniam,

    Cic. Pis. 20, 46. —
    (β).
    With acc. alone:

    caecitatem, Ambros. de Tobia, 2: iram,

    Lact. Plac. Narr. Fab. 1, 10:

    amorem,

    id. ib. 14, 1.—
    B.
    To fall upon, befall:

    eo anno pestilentia gravis incidit in urbem agrosque,

    Liv. 27, 23, 6:

    tantus terror incidit ejus exercitui,

    fell upon, Caes. B. C. 3, 13, 2; cf.:

    ut nihil incidisset postea civitati mali, quod, etc.,

    happened, Cic. de Or. 1, 7, 26.—
    C.
    In partic.
    1.
    To fall upon accidentally; to light upon, in thought or conversation:

    non consulto, sed casu in eorum mentionem incidi,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, 50; id. Lael. 1, 3; cf.:

    fortuito in sermonem alicujus incidere,

    id. de Or. 1, 24, 111:

    in eum sermonem incidere, qui, etc.,

    id. Lael. 1, 2:

    in varios sermones,

    id. Att. 16, 2, 4:

    cum in eam memoriam et recordationem nuper ex sermone quodam incidissemus,

    id. Brut. 2, 9:

    iterum in mentionem incidimus viri,

    Tac. H. 4, 5; Plin. Ep. 9, 33, 1.—
    2.
    To come or occur to one's mind:

    sapiens appeteret aliquid, quodcumque in mentem incideret et quodcumque tamquam occurreret,

    come into his mind, Cic. Fin. 4, 16, 43; cf. Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 5; id. Heaut. 3, 1, 75:

    redeunti, ex ipsa re mihi incidit suspicio,

    id. And. 2, 2, 22; 3, 2, 21:

    tanta nunc suspicio de me incidit,

    id. Ad. 4, 4, 5:

    dicam, verum, ut aliud ex alio incidit,

    id. Heaut. 3, 3, 37:

    nihil te effugiet atque omne. quod erit in re occurret atque incidet,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 34, 147:

    potantibus his apud Sex. Tarquinium incidit de uxoribus mentio,

    Liv. 1, 57, 6.—
    3.
    To fall upon, happen in a certain time.
    (α).
    With in and acc.:

    quod in id rei publicae tempus non incideris, sed veneris — judicio enim tuo, non casu in ipsum discrimen rerum contulisti tribunatum tuum—profecto vides, quanta vis, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 2:

    quorum aetas in eorum tempora, quos nominavi, incidit,

    Cic. Or. 12, 39; cf. id. Fam. 5, 15, 3:

    quoniam in eadem rei publicae tempora incidimus,

    id. ib. 5, 8, 3 fin.:

    facies me in quem diem Romana incidant mysteria certiorem,

    id. Att. 6, 1, 26:

    cum in Kalendas Januarias Compitaliorum dies incidisset,

    id. Pis. 4, 8:

    quae (bella) in ejus aetatem gravissima inciderunt,

    Quint. 12, 11, 16: in eum annum quo erat Hortensius consul futurus, incidere, to fall into, i. e. to extend the case until, etc., id. 6, 5, 4; cf.:

    quintus annus cum in te praetorem incidisset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 56, § 139.—
    (β).
    With acc. alone (late Lat.):

    ut menses... autumnale tempus inciderent,

    Sol. 1, § 44.—
    4.
    To fall out, happen, occur:

    et in nostra civitate et in ceteris, multis fortissimis atque optimis viris injustis judiciis tales casus incidisse,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3:

    si quid tibi durius inciderit,

    Prop. 1, 15, 28; cf.: si casus inciderit, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 6:

    incidunt saepe tempora cum, etc.,

    id. Off. 1, 10, 31:

    eorum ipsorum, quae honesta sunt, potest incidere saepe contentio et comparatio,

    id. ib. 1, 43, 152:

    potest incidere quaestio,

    Quint. 7, 1, 19:

    verbum si quod minus usitatum incidat,

    id. 2, 5, 4:

    in magnis quoque auctoribus incidunt aliqua vitiosa,

    id. 10, 2, 15; 11, 1, 70; Cels. 5, 27, 3: ea accidisse non quia haec facta sunt, arbitror;

    verum haec ideo facta, quia incasura erant illa,

    Plin. 2, 27, 27, § 97:

    si quando ita incidat,

    Quint. 2, 5, 5; cf.:

    forte ita incidit, ut, etc.,

    Liv. 26, 23, 2:

    forte ita inciderat, ne, etc.,

    id. 1, 46, 5.—
    5.
    To fall in with, coincide, agree with, in opinion, etc.:

    ne ipse incidat in Diodorum, etc.,

    Cic. Fat. 8, 15.—
    6.
    To stumble upon, undertake at random:

    sic existumes non me fortuito ad tuam amplitudinem meis officiis amplectendam incidisse, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3.— Hence in part. pres.: incĭdentĭa, subst., occurrences, events, Amm. 14, 5, 4; 22, 9, 2 al.
    2.
    incīdo, cīdi, cīsum, 3, v. a. [in-caedo], to cut into, cut through, cut open, cut up (class.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    teneris arboribus incisis atque inflexis,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 17, 4:

    arbores,

    Plin. 12, 14, 30, § 54; 32, § 58:

    inciditur vitro, lapide, osseisve cultellis,

    id. 12, 25, 54, § 115; cf.:

    palmes inciditur in medullam,

    id. 14, 9, 11, § 84:

    venam,

    to open, id. 29, 6, 58, § 126; Cels. 2, 8; Tac. A. 16, 19; cf.:

    incisi nervi,

    Plin. 11, 37, 88, § 218:

    circa vulnus scalpello,

    Cels. 5, 27, 3:

    pinnas,

    to clip, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 5; so,

    vites falce,

    Verg. E. 3, 11:

    pulmo incisus,

    cut up, divided, Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85; cf.:

    eupatoria foliis per extremitates incisis,

    i. e. notched, indented, Plin. 5, 6, 29, § 65:

    nos linum incidimus, legimus,

    cut through, cut, Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 10:

    funem,

    Verg. A. 3, 667: corpora mortuorum, to dissect, Cels. praef.:

    nocentes homines vivos,

    id. ib.:

    quid habet haruspex cur pulmo incisus etiam in bonis extis dirimat tempus?

    Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85:

    si rectum limitem rupti torrentibus pontes inciderint,

    cut through, broken through, Quint. 2, 13, 16:

    squamisque incisus adaestuat amnis,

    Stat. Th. 5, 517:

    non incisa notis marmcra publicis,

    engraved, Hor. C. 4, 8, 13:

    tabula... his ferme incisa litteris fuit,

    Liv. 6, 29 fin.
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    To cut in, to carve, engrave, inscribe on any thing; usually constr. with in and abl.; less freq. with in and acc., the dat., or absol.
    (α).
    With in and abl.:

    id non modo tum scripserunt, verum etiam in aere incisum nobis tradiderunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65; cf.:

    foedus in columna aenea incisum et perscriptum,

    id. Balb. 23, 53; id. Verr. 2, 2, 63, § 154:

    in qua basi grandibus litteris P. Africani nomen erat incisum,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 34, §

    74: nomina in tabula incisa,

    id. Fam. 13, 36, 1:

    notum est carmen incisum in sepulcro,

    id. de Sen. 17, 61; id. Pis. 29, 72; id. Font. 14, 31:

    incidens litteras in fago recenti,

    Plin. 16, 9, 14, § 35:

    indicem in aeneis tabulis,

    Suet. Aug. 101:

    quae vos incidenda in aere censuistis,

    Plin. Pan. 75, 1.—
    (β).
    With in and acc.:

    quae (acta) ille in aes incidit,

    Plin. Pan. 1, 7, 16:

    leges in aes incisae,

    Liv. 3, 57 fin.:

    lege jam in aes incisā,

    Suet. Aug. 28 fin.:

    quod ita erit gestum, lex erit, et in aes incidi jubebitis credo illa legitima: consules populum jure rogaverunt, etc.,

    Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 26.—
    (γ).
    With dat. ( poet. and post-Aug.):

    verba ceris,

    Ov. M. 9, 529:

    amores arboribus,

    Verg. E. 10, 53:

    fastos marmoreo parieti,

    Suet. Gramm. 17:

    nomen non trabibus aut saxis,

    Plin. Pan. 54, 7; cf.:

    primum aliquid da, quod possim titulis incidere,

    i. e. among your titles, Juv. 8, 69.—
    (δ).
    Absol.:

    incidebantur jam domi leges,

    Cic. Mil. 32, 87; cf.:

    tabula his litteris incīsa,

    Liv. 6, 29, 9:

    sine delectu morum quisquis incisus est,

    inscribed, registered, Sen. Ben. 4, 28:

    Victorem litteris incisis appellare,

    Macr. S. 3, 6, 11.—
    2.
    To make by [p. 921] cutting, to cut (rare):

    ferroque incidit acuto Perpetuos dentes et serrae repperit usum,

    Ov. M. 8, 245:

    novas incide faces, tibi ducitur uxor,

    Verg. E. 8, 29; Col. 2, 21, 3.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To break off, interrupt, put an end to:

    poëma ad Caesarem, quod institueram, incidi,

    have broken off, stopped, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4, § 11:

    inciditur omnis jam deliberatio, si intellegitur non posse fieri,

    id. de Or. 2, 82, 336; cf. Liv. 32, 37, 5:

    tandem haec singultu verba incidente profatur,

    Stat. Th. 9, 884:

    novas lites,

    Verg. E. 9, 14:

    ludum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 36:

    vocis genus crebro incidens,

    broken, interrupted, Cic. de Or. 3, 58, 217.—
    B.
    To cut off, cut short, take away, remove:

    media,

    to cut short, Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47:

    qui mihi pinnas inciderant nolunt easdem renasci,

    id. 4, 2, 5:

    Tarquinius spe omni reditus incisā exsulatum Tusculum abiit,

    cut off, Liv. 2, 15, 7:

    spe incisā,

    id. 3, 58, 6; 35, 31, 7; cf. id. 44, 6, 13; 44, 13, 3:

    tantos actus,

    Sil. 3, 78:

    ipsam, quam promimus horam casus incidit,

    Sen. Ep. 101:

    testamentum,

    to annul, invalidate, Dig. 28, 4, 3.—
    C.
    In rhet., to make by cutting, to cut:

    aequaliter particulas,

    Cic. Or. 61, 205.— Hence,
    1.
    incī-sum, i, n., rhet. t. t. for the Gr. komma, a section or division of a sentence, a clause: quae nescio cur, cum Graeci kommata et kôla nominent, nos non recte incisa et membra dicamus, Cic. Or. 62, 211 (for which:

    incisiones et membra,

    id. 64, 261):

    incisum erit sensus non expleto numero conclusus, plerisque pars membri,

    Quint. 9, 4, 122; cf. id. ib. 22; 32; 44; 67; 123.—
    2.
    incīsē, adv., in short clauses:

    quo pacto deceat incise membratimve dici,

    Cic. Or. 63, 212; cf. incisim.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > incido

  • 28 expugno

    ex-pugno, āvi, ātum, 1 (archaic inf. fut. expugnassere, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 55), v. a., to take by assault, to storm, capture, reduce, subdue (freq. and class.; syn.: obsideo, oppugno, capio).
    I.
    Lit., of places:

    id (oppidum Noviodunum) ex itinere oppugnare conatus, expugnare non potuit,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 12, 2:

    oppidum,

    id. ib. 2, 10, 4;

    3, 14, 1 al.: nonnullas urbes per vim,

    id. B. C. 3, 55, 3:

    urbem,

    Liv. 2, 12, 1:

    Cirtam armis,

    Sall. J. 23, 1:

    castellum,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 9, 4; 3, 1, 4:

    loca multa,

    Nep. Ages. 3:

    moenia mundi,

    Lucr. 2, 1144 et saep.—
    B.
    Transf., of other objects (things or persons), to subdue, overcome, break down or through, sweep away:

    naves,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 15, 2 and 5:

    aedes,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 3; cf.

    villas,

    Sall. J. 44, 5:

    carcerem,

    Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 76:

    Philippum et Nabin expugnatos,

    conquered, Liv. 37, 25, 6; cf.:

    inclusos moenibus expugnat,

    Curt. 9, 4:

    aliquos,

    id. 6, 6; Tac. Agr. 41; Flor. 2, 2, 16; Just. 3, 5:

    expugnavi amanti herili filio aurum ab suo patre,

    obtained by force, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 5.—Of inanimate subjects:

    flumina id oppidum expugnavere,

    swept away, Plin. 6, 27, 31, § 138:

    Euphrates Taurum expugnat,

    i. e. breaks through, id. 5, 24, 20, § 85:

    lacte equino venena et toxica expugnantur,

    are counteracted, id. 28, 10, 45, § 159.—
    II.
    Trop., to conquer, subdue, overcome:

    sapientis animus magnitudine consilii, tolerantia, virtutibus, etc.... vincetur et expugnabitur,

    Cic. Par. 4, 1, 27:

    nihil tam munitum, quod non expugnari pecuniā possit,

    id. Verr. 1, 2, 4:

    fortunas patrias,

    id. Clu. 13, 36:

    pudicitiam,

    to violate, id. Cael. 20; 50:

    aut enim expugnatur intentio aut adsumptio aut conclusio, nonnumquam omnia,

    i. e. is refuted, confuted, Quint. 5, 14, 20 sq.:

    pertinaciam legatorum,

    Liv. 37, 56, 9:

    paupertatem,

    Petr. 126:

    expugnatus precibus uxoris,

    Suet. Tib. 21;

    so simply expugnatus,

    id. Caes. 1; id. Vesp. 22:

    coepta,

    to fight through, to accomplish, Ov. M. 9, 619; cf.: sibi legationem expugnavit, extorted, wrung out, obtained (= extorsit), Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 16, § 44.—With ut:

    aliqua ratione expugnasset iste, ut dies tollerentur,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 130:

    aegre expugnavit, ut, etc.,

    Petr. 108.—Hence, * ex-pugnans, antis, P. a., efficient, efficacious:

    expugnantior herba,

    Ov. M. 14, 21 (so Jahn and Bach., Merkel, expugnacior).

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > expugno

  • 29 perfodio

    per-fŏdĭo, fōdi (perfodīvi, Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 64 Ritschl N. cr.), fossum, 3, v. a.
    I.
    To dig through, to pierce through, transfix (class.):

    parietes,

    Plaut. As. 3, 2, 17: parietem, id. l. l.; Cic. Vatin. 5, 11; Vulg. Matt. 24, 43:

    montem,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 17, 9:

    Athone perfosso,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 34, 112:

    thorax perfossus,

    Verg. A. 11, 10:

    pectus,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 6:

    pectora,

    Stat. Th. 9, 522:

    spinā argenteā dentes,

    to pick, Petr. 33.—Hence,
    2.
    To break into:

    perfodit in tenebris domos,

    Vulg. Job, 24, 16; id. Matt. 24, 43.—
    II.
    To make by digging through:

    fretum,

    Liv. 33, 17, 6.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > perfodio

  • 30 praecīdō

        praecīdō cīdī, cīsus, ere    [prae+caedo], to cut off in front, cut off: caput praecisum ducis, L.: resistenti manum gladio: collegae sui praecidi caput iussit: ancoras, cut the cables.—To cut through, cut up: cotem novaculā: navīs, disable. —Fig., to cut short, abridge, break off, finish abruptly: maximam partem defensionis: sibi reditum: brevi praecidam, briefly: praecide, inquit, cut it short.—To break off suddenly, cut off, end, destroy: omnīs causas omnibus, T.: praecisa consulatūs spes erit, L.: spem iudici conrumpendi.— To deny flatly, refuse, decline: mihi plane nullā exceptione.
    * * *
    praecidere, praecidi, praecisus V
    cut off in front; cut back, cut short

    Latin-English dictionary > praecīdō

  • 31 solvō

        solvō solvī (soluit, Ct.; soluisse, Tb.), solūtus, ere    [2 se+luo], to loosen, unbind, unfasten, unfetter, untie, release: iube solvi (eum), T.: ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt: ita nexi soluti (sunt), L.: Solvite me, pueri, V.: quo modo solvantur (nodi), Cu.: solve capillos, untie, O.: crines, let down, O.: terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae, i. e. thawed, H.: Solve senescentem equum, i. e. from service, H.: talibus ora solvit verbis, freely opens, O.: Solvite vela, unfurl, V.— To detach, remove, part, disengage, free: ancorā solutā (i. e. a litore): classis retinacula solvi iussit, O.: teque isto corpore solvo, V.: partūs, to bring forth, O.—Of ships, to free from land, set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart: navīs solvit, Cs.: primis tenebris solverat navem, L.: cum foedere solvere navīs, O.: navīs a terrā solverunt, Cs.: ab Corintho solvere navīs, L.: tertia fere vigiliā solvit (sc. navem), Cs.: nos eo die cenati solvimus: a Brundusio solvit, L.: Alexandriā solvisse: portu solventes.— To untie, unfasten, unlock, unseal, open: ille pharetram Solvit, uncovered, O.: solutā epistulā, N.: solutis fasciis, Cu.— To take apart, disintegrate, disunite, dissolve, separate, break up, scatter, dismiss: ubi ordines procursando solvissent, L.: agmina Diductis solvēre choris, V.: solvit maniplos, Iu.: coetuque soluto Discedunt, O.: urbem solutam reliquerunt, disorganized: si solvas ‘Postquam discordia tetra’... Invenias, etc., H.— To relax, benumb, make torpid, weaken: ima Solvuntur latera, V.: pennā metuente solvi, i. e. unflagging, H.: illi solvuntur frigore membra, V.: corpora somnus Solverat, O.: somno vinoque solutos, O.: Solvitur in somnos, V.— To loosen, break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, scatter: omne conligatum solvi potest: solvere navīs et rursus coniungere, Cu.: membra ratis, O.— To dissolve, melt, turn, change: nives solvere, melt, O.: (vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem, V.—Of fastenings, to loose, remove, cancel, untie, unlock: nullo solvente catenas, O.: Frenum solvit, Ph.: Solvitur acris hiemps, H.: a corpore bracchia, relaxes his hold, O.: crinalīs vittas, V.: vinculum epistulae, Cu.—Fig., to free, set free, release, loose, emancipate, relieve, exempt: linguam ad iurgia, O.: cupiditates suas, Cu.: Bassanitas obsidione, L.: ut religione civitas solvatur: Vopiscus, solvatur legibus, be exempted: petente Flacco ut legibus solveretur, L.: ut is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solvat, release the testamentary heirs: reus Postumus est eā lege... solutus ac liber, i. e. the law does not apply to: solutus Legibus insanis, H.: vos curis ceteris, T.: solvent formidine terras, V.: Vita solutorum miserā ambitione, H.: longo luctu, V.: calices quem non fecere Contractā in paupertate solutum? i. e. from cares, H.: ego somno solutus sum, awoke.— To acquit, absolve, cleanse, relieve: ut scelere solvamur, be held guiltless: hunc scelere solutum periculo liberavit: Sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei, O.— To relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe (poet.): solvatur fronte senectus (i. e. frons rugis solvatur), be cleared, H.: arctum hospitiis animum, H.—Of ties, obligations, or authority, to remove, cancel, destroy, efface, make void, annul, overthrow, subvert, violate, abolish: solutum coniugium, Iu.: nec coniugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus, O.: culpa soluta mea est, O.: quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia conruperat, S.: solvendarum legum principium (i. e. dissolvendarum), Cu.: disciplinam militarem, subvert, L.: pactique fide data munera solvit, i. e. took back, O.— To loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse, dissolve, destroy: plebis vis soluta atque dispersa, S.: senectus quae solvit omnia, L.: nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae, H.: hoc firmos solvit amores, O.— To end, remove, relieve, soothe: ieiunia granis, O.: Curam Dulci Lyaeo, H.: corde metum, V.: pudorem, V.: solutam cernebat obsidionem, the siege raised, L.: Solventur risu tabulae (see tabula), H.— To accomplish, fulfil, complete, keep (of funeral ceremonies, vows, and promises): omnia paterno funeri iusta, finish the burial rites: iustis defunctorum corporibus solutis, Cu.: exsequiis rite solutis, V.: vota, fulfil: Vota Iovi, O.: solvisti fidem, you have kept your promise, T.: Esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, i. e. your pledge (to be mine through life), O.— To solve, explain, remove: quā viā captiosa solvantur, i. e. are refuted: Carmina non intellecta, O.: nodos iuris, Iu.—Of debts, to fulfil, pay, discharge, pay off: hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas, settled: Castricio pecuniam iam diu debitam, a debt of long standing: ex quā (pensione) maior pars est ei soluta: rem creditori populo solvit, L.: ut creditae pecuniae solvantur, Cs.: debet vero, solvitque praeclare.—Of persons, to make payment, pay: cuius bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt: ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis: pro vecturā: tibi quod debet ab Egnatio, pay by a draft on Egnatius: numquam vehementius actum est quam ne solveretur, to stop payments: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno res p. esset, able to pay its debt, L.; hence the phrase, solvendo esse, to be solvent: solvendo non erat, was insolvent: cum solvendo civitates non essent: ne videatur non fuisse solvendo.—Of money or property, to pay, pay over, hand over (for pecuniā rem or debitum solvere): emi: pecuniam solvi: pro quo (frumento) pretium, L.: quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur: arbitria funeris, the expenses of the funeral: Dona puer solvit, paid the promised gifts, O.: HS CC praesentia, in cash: legatis pecuniam pro frumento, L.—Of a penalty, to accomplish, fulfil, suffer, undergo: iustae et debitae poenae solutae sunt: capite poenas, S.: meritas poenas solvens, Cu.
    * * *
    solvere, solvi, solutus V
    loosen, release, unbind, untie, free; open; set sail; scatter; pay off/back

    Latin-English dictionary > solvō

  • 32 abrumpo

    abrumpere, abrupi, abruptus V TRANS
    break (bonds); break off; tear asunder; cut through, sever; remove, separate

    Latin-English dictionary > abrumpo

  • 33 concīdō

        concīdō cīdī, cīsus, ere    [com- + caedo], to cut up, cut through, cut to pieces, ruin, destroy: nervos: navīs, L.: magnos scrobibus montīs, to break up mounds, V. — In battle, to cut to pieces, cut down, destroy, kill: multitudinem eorum, Cs.: ab insciis conciduntur, N.—To cut up, beat severely, cudgel soundly: virgis plebem: pugnis, Iu.: concisus plurimis volneribus.—Fig., of discourse, to divide minutely, make fragmentary: sententias. —To strike down, prostrate, ruin, destroy, annul: auctoritatem ordinis: Antonium decretis: Timocraten totis voluminibus, to confute.
    * * *
    I
    concidere, concidi, - V INTRANS
    fall down/faint/dead/victim/to earth/short, collapse; drop, subside; decline; perish, be slain/sacrificed; lose one's case, fail, give out/lose heart, decay
    II
    concidere, concidi, concisus V TRANS
    cut/chop up/down/to pieces; crop; ruin, kill, destroy; divide minutely; beat

    Latin-English dictionary > concīdō

  • 34 incīdō

        incīdō cīdī, cīsus, ere    [1 in+caedo], to cut into, cut through, cut open, cut away: venas hominis: teneris arboribus incisis, Cs.: pinnas, clip: vites falce, V.: pulmo incisus, divided: linum, sever.—To cut upon, carve, engrave: incisa notis marmora publicis, H.: tabula his incisa litteris, L.—To make by cutting, cut in, carve, engrave, inscribe: ferro dentes, O.: faces, V.: incidebantur domi leges: id in aere incisum: in quā basi grandibus litteris nomen erat incisum: carmen incisum in sepulcro: leges in aes incisae, L.: verba ceris, O.: amores arboribus, V.: leges ligno, H.: alquid titulis, i. e. among your titles, Iu.— Fig., to break off, interrupt, stop, put an end to: poëma ad Caesarem: novas lites, V.: ludum, H.: vocis genus crebro incidens, interrupting (the speech): aequaliter particulas, i. e. short clauses. —To cut off, cut short, take away, remove: media: spe omni reditūs incisā, L.
    * * *
    incidere, incidi, incasus V
    happen; fall into, fall in with, meet; fall upon, assail

    Latin-English dictionary > incīdō

  • 35 perforo

    perforare, perforavi, perforatus V TRANS
    bore/pierce/make a hole/passage/break in/through; bore/pierce/stab/perforate

    Latin-English dictionary > perforo

  • 36 amitto

    ā-mitto, mīsi, missum, 3, v. a. (amīsti, sync., = amisisti, Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 10; id. Hec. 2, 2, 9:

    amīssis, sync., = amiseris,

    Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 70).
    I.
    1. A.. In gen., to send away from one's self, to dismiss (thus, anteclass., freq. in Plaut. and Ter.): quod nos dicimus dimittere, antiqui etiam dicebant amittere, Don. ad Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 71; Att. ap. Non. 75, 32:

    stulte feci, qui hunc (servum) amisi,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 66; id. ib. 4, 5, 25; so id. ib. 4, 5, 28:

    quo pacto hic servos suum erum hinc amittat domum,

    id. Capt. prol. 36:

    et te et hunc amittam hinc,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 82; so id. Most. 2, 2, 2; id. Men. 5, 8, 6 al.:

    ut neque mi jus sit amittendi nec retinendi copia,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 24; 5, 8, 27; id. And. 5, 3, 27; id. Heaut. 4, 8, 17 al.:

    testis mecum est anulus, quem amiserat,

    which he had sent away, id. Ad. 3, 2, 49; Varr. ap. Non. 83, 12.—
    B.
    Spec., to let go, let slip:

    praedā de manibus amissā,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20.—With simple abl.:

    praedam ex oculis manibusque amittere,

    Liv. 30, 24; 29, 32 et saep.:

    Sceledre, manibus amisisti praedam,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 47 Ritschl.—
    2.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen.:

    istam rem certum est non amittere,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 217:

    tibi hanc amittam noxiam unam,

    to remit, to pardon, id. Poen. 1, 2, 191:

    occasionem amittere,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 58; so Cic. Caecin. 5, 15; id. Att. 15, 11; Caes. B. G. 3, 18 al. (opp. occasionem raptare, Cic.:

    arripere, Liv.: complecti, Plin. Min.: intellegere, Tac.): servire tempori et non amittere tempus cum sit datum,

    Cic. Att. 8, 3, 6:

    fidem amittere,

    to break their word given on oath, Nep. Eun. 10, 2 Dähn.; Ov. M. 15, 556 al.—
    B.
    Of trees, to let go, let fall, to drop, lose:

    punica florem amittit,

    Plin. 16, 26, 46, § 109:

    pyrus et amygdala amittunt florem et primos fructus,

    id. ib.:

    ocissime salix amittit semen,

    id. 16, 26, 46, § 110.—
    II.
    Esp., to lose (commonly without criminality, by mistake, accident, etc.; while perdere usually designates a losing through one's own fault; and omittere, to allow a thing to pass by or over, which one might have obtained): Decius amisit vitam; at non perdidit: dedit vitam, accepit patriam: amisit animam, potitus est gloriā, Auct. ad Her. 4, 44, 57: Multa amittuntur tarditie et socordiā, Att. ap. Non. 181, 21 (Trag. Rel. p. 73 Rib.):

    Simul consilium cum re amisti?

    Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 10:

    amittit vitam sensumque priorem,

    Lucr. 3, 769 et saep.:

    imperii jus amittere,

    Cic. Phil. 10, 5 fin.:

    ut totam litem aut obtineamus aut amittamus,

    id. Rosc. Com. 4, 10:

    classes optimae amissae et perditae,

    id. Verr. 1, 5, 13:

    filium amisit (sc. per mortem),

    id. Fam. 4, 6; so Tac. Agr. 6; Suet. Vesp. 3; id. Calig. 12:

    oppidum Capsam et magnam pecuniam amiserat,

    Sall. J. 97, 1:

    patrimoniis amissis,

    id. C. 37, 5:

    amittere optimates, i. e. favorem, animum eorum,

    Nep. Dion, 7, 2 Dähn.:

    patriam,

    Liv. 5, 53:

    exercitum,

    id. 8, 33:

    opera amissa (sc. incendio) restituit,

    id. 5, 7; so Suet. Claud. 6:

    si reperire vocas amittere certius,

    i. e. to know more certainly that she is lost, Ov. M. 5, 519:

    colores,

    Hor. C. 3, 5, 27; so id. S. 1, 1, 60; 2, 5, 2 (not elsewh. in Hor.).

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > amitto

  • 37 aperio

    ăpĕrĭo, ĕrŭi, ertum, 4, v. a. ( fut. aperibo, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 50; Pompon. ap. Non. p. 506, 30) [ab-pario, to get from, take away from, i.e. to uncover, like the opp. operio, from obpario, to get for, to put upon, i. e. to cover; this is the old explanation, and is received by Corssen, Ausspr. I. p. 653; II. p. 410, and by Vanicek, p. 503], to uncover, make or lay bare.
    I.
    Lit.:

    patinas,

    Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 51: apertae surae, Turp. ap. Non. p. 236, 16:

    apertis lateribus,

    Sisenn. ib. p. 236, 26:

    capite aperto esse,

    Varr. ib. p. 236, 25;

    p. 236, 28: ut corporis partes quaedam aperiantur,

    Cic. Off. 1, 35, 129:

    caput aperuit,

    id. Phil. 2, 31; Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 236, 20:

    capita,

    Plin. 28, 6, 17, § 60:

    aperto pectore,

    Ov. M. 2, 339; and poet. transf. to the person:

    apertae pectora matres,

    id. ib. 13, 688:

    ramum,

    Verg. A. 6, 406 al. — Trop., to make visible, to show, reveal, Liv. 22, 6:

    dispulsā nebulā diem aperuit,

    id. 26, 17 (cf. just before:

    densa nebula campos circa intexit): dies faciem victoriae,

    Tac. Agr. 38:

    lux aperuit bellum ducemque belli,

    Liv. 3, 15:

    novam aciem dies aperuit,

    Tac. H. 4, 29:

    his unda dehiscens Terram aperit,

    opens to view, Verg. A. 1, 107.—From the intermediate idea of making visible,
    II.
    Metaph.
    A.
    1.. To unclose, open: aperto ex ostio Alti Acheruntis, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37:

    aperite aliquis ostium,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 26; so id. Heaut. 2, 3, 35:

    forem aperi,

    id. Ad. 2, 1, 13:

    fores,

    id. Eun. 2, 2, 52; Ov. M. 10, 457; Suet. Aug. 82:

    januas carceris,

    Vulg. Act. 5, 19:

    fenestram,

    ib. Gen. 8, 6:

    liquidas vias,

    to open the liquid way, Lucr. 1, 373; so Verg. A. 11, 884:

    sucum venis fundere apertis,

    to pour out moisture from its open veins, Lucr. 5, 812:

    saccum,

    Vulg. Gen. 42, 27:

    os,

    ib. ib. 22, 28:

    labia, ib. Job, 11, 5: oculos,

    ib. Act. 9, 8:

    accepi fasciculum, in quo erat epistula Piliae: abstuli, aperui, legi,

    Cic. Att. 5, 11 fin.; so id. ib. 1, 13;

    6, 3: aperire librum,

    Vulg. Apoc. 5, 5; 20, 12:

    testamentum,

    Plin. 7, 52, 53, § 177 (cf.:

    testamentum resignare,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 9); Suet. Caes. 83; id. Aug. 17:

    sigillum aperire,

    to break, Vulg. Apoc. 6, 3 al.:

    ferro iter aperiundum est,

    Sall. C. 58, 7:

    locum... asylum,

    to make it an asylum, Liv. 1, 8:

    subterraneos specus,

    Tac. G. 16:

    navigantibus maria,

    Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 122:

    arbor florem aperit,

    id. 12, 11, 23, § 40 et saep.: aperire parietem, to open a wall, in order to put a door or window in it, Dig. 8, 2, 40: alicui oculos aperire, to give sight to (after the Heb.), Vulg. Joan. 9, 10; 9, 14 al.; so,

    aures aperire,

    to restore hearing to, ib. Marc. 7, 35.—
    2.
    Trop.:

    nec ita claudenda est res familiaris, ut eam benignitas aperire non possit,

    Cic. Off. 2, 15, 54: amicitiae fores. id. Fam. 13, 10:

    multus apertus cursus ad laudem,

    id. Phil. 14, 6 fin.:

    tibi virtus tua reditum ad tuos aperuit,

    id. Fam. 6, 11:

    philosophiae fontes,

    id. Tusc. 1, 3, 6; id. Mil. 31, 85 et saep.: alicujus oculos aperire, to open one's eyes, make him discern (after the Heb.), Vulg. Gen. 3, 5; 3, 7; ib. Act. 26, 18; so,

    alicujus cor aperire,

    ib. ib. 16, 14: ventus [p. 136] incendio viam aperuit, Liv. 6, 2:

    occasionem ad invadendum,

    id. 4, 53; so id. 9, 27: si hanc fenestram aperueritis (i.e. if you enter upon the way of complaint), nihil aliud agi sinetis, Suet. Tib. 28 (cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 72:

    Quantam fenestram ad nequitiem patefeceris!): quia aperuisset gentibus ostium fidei,

    Vulg. Act. 14, 27; ib. Col. 4, 3.— So of the new year, to open it, i.e. begin:

    annum,

    Verg. G. 1, 217:

    contigit ergo privatis aperire annum (since the consul entered upon his office the first of January),

    Plin. Pan. 58, 4 Gierig and Schaef.—So also of a school, to establish, set up, begin, or open it:

    Dionysius tyrannus Corinthi dicitur ludum aperuisse,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 18; so Suet. Gram. 16; id. Rhet. 4.— Poet.:

    fuste aperire caput,

    i.e. to cleave, split the head, Juv. 9, 98.—
    B.
    Aperire locum (populum, gentes, etc.), to lay open a place, people, etc., i.e. to open an entrance to, render accessible (cf. patefacio);

    most freq. in the histt., esp. in Tacitus: qui aperuerint armis orbem terrarum,

    Liv. 42, 52; 42, 4:

    Syriam,

    Tac. A. 2, 70:

    omnes terras fortibus viris natura aperuit,

    id. H. 4, 64:

    novas gentes,

    id. Agr. 22:

    gentes ac reges,

    id. G. 1:

    Britanniam tamdiu clausam aperit,

    Mel. 3, 6, 4; Luc. 1, 465 Cort.:

    Eoas,

    id. 4, 352:

    pelagus,

    Val. Fl. 1, 169.—
    C.
    Transf. to mental objects, to disclose something unknown, to unveil, reveal, make known, unfold, to prove, demonstrate; or gen. to explain, recount, etc.:

    occulta quaedam et quasi involuta aperiri,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 30:

    explicanda est saepe verbis mens nostra de quāque re atque involutae rei notitia definiendo aperienda est,

    id. Or. 33, 116:

    alicui scripturas aperire,

    Vulg. Luc. 24, 32:

    tua probra aperibo omnia,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 50: ne exspectetis argumentum fabulae;

    hi partem aperient,

    Ter. Ad. prol. 23:

    non quo aperiret sententiam suam, sed etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 84:

    eo praesente conjurationem aperit,

    Sall. C. 40, 6:

    naturam et mores,

    id. ib. 53 fin.; so id. ib. 45, 1; 47, 1; id. J. 33, 4:

    lux fugam hostium aperuit,

    Liv. 27, 2:

    aperiri error poterat,

    id. 26, 10:

    casus aperire futuros,

    to disclose the future, Ov. M. 15, 559:

    futura aperit,

    Tac. H. 2, 4.—So also, se aperire or aperiri, to reveal one's true disposition, character:

    tum coacti necessario se aperiunt,

    show themselves in their true light, Ter. And. 4, 1, 8:

    studio aperimur in ipso,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 371:

    exspectandum, dum se ipsa res aperiret,

    Nep. Paus. 3, 7; Quint. prooem. § 3.—Sometimes constr. with acc. and inf., a rel.-clause, or de:

    cum jam directae in se prorae hostes appropinquare aperuissent,

    Liv. 44, 28:

    domino navis, quis sit, aperit,

    Nep. Them. 8, 6; so id. Eum. 13, 3: de clementiā, Auct. ad Her. 2, 31.—In a gen. sense (freq. in epistt.) in Cic. Att. 5, 1, 2: de Oppio factum est, ut volui, et maxime, quod DCCC. aperuisti, you promised, i.e. that it should be paid to him (= ostendisti te daturum, Manut.); cf.

    the more definite expression: de Oppio bene curāsti, quod ei DCCC. exposuisti,

    id. ib. 5, 4, 3.—Hence, ăpertus, a, um, P. a.; pr., opened; hence, open, free.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    Without covering, open, uncovered (opp. tectus):

    naves apertae,

    without deck, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 40; Liv. 31, 22 fin.; cf. id. 32, 21, 14: centum tectae naves et quinquaginta leviores apertae, et saep.; v. navis.—Also, without covering or defence, unprotected, exposed:

    locus,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 84.— Poet., of the sky, clear, cloudless:

    caelo invectus aperto,

    Verg. A. 1, 155:

    aether,

    id. ib. 1, 587:

    aperta serena prospicere,

    id. G. 1, 393.—
    2.
    Unclosed, open, not shut (opp. clausus):

    Janua cum per se transpectum praebet apertum,

    since this affords an open view through it, Lucr. 4, 272:

    oculi,

    id. 4, 339:

    oculorum lumine aperto,

    id. 4, 1139 et saep.:

    nihil tam clausum, neque tam reconditum, quod non istius cupiditati apertissimum promptissimumque esset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20:

    caelum patens atque apertum,

    id. Div. 1, 1 (diff. from 1.); so Ov. M. 6, 693:

    vidit caelos apertos,

    Vulg. Marc. 1, 10:

    apertus et propatulus locus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49:

    iter,

    Liv. 31, 2:

    apertior aditus ad moenia,

    id. 9, 28:

    campi,

    id. 38, 3:

    per apertum limitem (viae),

    Tac. H. 3, 21; Ov. M. 1, 285:

    fenestrae,

    Vulg. Dan. 6, 10:

    ostia,

    ib. ib. 13, 39:

    aequor,

    Ov. M. 4, 527; so id. ib. 8, 165; 11, 555 et saep. — Poet., of a battle: nec aperti copia Martis Ulla fuit, an action in the open field, Ov. M. 13, 208.—Very freq. ăpertum, subst., that which is open, free; an open, clear space:

    in aperto,

    Lucr. 3, 604:

    per apertum fugientes,

    Hor. C, 3, 12, 10:

    impetum ex aperto facerent,

    Liv. 35, 5:

    castra in aperto posita,

    id. 1, 33; so id. 22, 4:

    volantem in aperto,

    Plin. 10, 8, 9, § 22:

    in aperta prodeunt,

    id. 8, 32, 50, § 117:

    disjecit naves in aperta Oceani,

    Tac. A. 2, 23.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    a.. Opp. to that which is concealed, covered, dark, open, clear, plain, evident, manifest, unobstructed:

    nam nihil aegrius est quam res secernere apertas ab dubiis,

    nothing is, indeed, more difficult than to separate things that are evident from those that are doubtful, Lucr. 4, 467; so id. 4, 596; 1, 915; 5, 1062:

    cum illum ex occultis insidiis in apertum latrocinium conjecimus,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 1:

    simultates partim obscurae, partim apertae,

    id. Manil. 24:

    quid enim potest esse tam apertum tamque perspicuum?

    id. N. D. 2, 2, 4:

    quid rem apertam suspectam facimus?

    Liv. 41, 24:

    non furtim, sed vi aperta,

    id. 25, 24:

    apertus animi motus,

    Quint. 10, 3, 21:

    invidia in occulto, adulatio in aperto,

    Tac. H. 4, 4 et saep.—So, in rhet., of clear, intelligible discourse:

    multo apertius ad intellegendum est, si, etc.... apertam enim narrationem tam esse oportet quam, etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 328; cf. id. Inv. 1, 20.—Hence,
    b.
    Esp. as subst.: in aperto esse,
    (α).
    To be clear, evident, well known, notorious, en tôi phanerôi einai:

    ad cognoscendum omnia illustria magis magisque in aperto,

    Sall. J. 5, 3.—
    (β).
    To be easily practicable, easy, facile (the figure taken from an open field or space):

    agere memoratu digna pronum magisque in aperto erat,

    there was a greater inclination and a more open way to, Tac. Agr. 1:

    hostes aggredi in aperto foret,

    id. H. 3, 56:

    vota virtusque in aperto omniaque prona victoribus,

    id. Agr. 33.—
    2.
    Of character, without dissimulation, open, frank, candid:

    animus apertus et simplex,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 9; id. Off. 3, 13, 57:

    pectus,

    id. Lael. 26, 97. —Hence, ironically: ut semper fuit apertissimus, as he has always been very open, frank (for impudent, shameless), Cic. Mur. 35.—Hence, ăpertē, adv., openly, clearly, plainly.
    I.
    In gen.:

    tam aperte irridens,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 62:

    ab illo aperte tecte quicquid est datum, libenter accepi,

    Cic. Att. 1, 14, 4; id. Or. 12, 38; id. Am. 18, 67:

    cum Fidenae aperte descissent,

    Liv. 1, 27:

    aperte quod venale habet ostendit,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 83:

    aperte revelari,

    Vulg. 1 Reg. 2, 27:

    non jam secretis colloquiis, sed aperte fremere,

    Tac. A. 11, 28:

    aperte adulari,

    Cic. Am. 26, 99:

    aperte mentiri,

    id. Ac. 2, 6, 18:

    aperte pugnare, id. ap. Aquil. Rom. 10: aperte immundus est,

    Vulg. Lev. 13, 26.— Comp.:

    cum ipsum dolorem hic tulit paulo apertius,

    Cic. Planc. 34; id. Att. 16, 3, 5; Curt. 6, 1, 11:

    ab his proconsuli venenum inter epulas datum est apertius quam ut fallerent,

    Tac. A. 13, 1.— Sup.:

    hinc empta apertissime praetura,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 100:

    equite Romano per te apertissime interfecto,

    id. Har. Resp. 30:

    largiri,

    id. ib. 56:

    praedari,

    id. Verr. 1, 130.—
    II.
    Esp. of what is set forth in words or writing, plainly, clearly, freely, without reserve:

    nempe ergo aperte vis quae restant me loqui?

    Ter. And. 1, 2, 24; id. Phorm. 4, 3, 49:

    aperte indicat (lex) posse rationem habere non praesentis,

    Cic. ad Brut. 1, 5, 3:

    Non tu istuc mihi dictura aperte es, quicquid est?

    Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 3:

    narrare,

    id. Heaut. 4, 3, 24:

    scribere,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 7, 3; Quint. 1, 5, 43.— Comp.:

    Planius atque apertius dicam,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 43:

    distinguere,

    Quint. 3, 6, 45.— Sup.:

    istius injurias quam apertissime vobis planissimeque explicare,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 64, 156:

    aliquid apertissime ostendere,

    Quint. 5, 12, 11.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aperio

  • 38 aperte

    ăpĕrĭo, ĕrŭi, ertum, 4, v. a. ( fut. aperibo, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 50; Pompon. ap. Non. p. 506, 30) [ab-pario, to get from, take away from, i.e. to uncover, like the opp. operio, from obpario, to get for, to put upon, i. e. to cover; this is the old explanation, and is received by Corssen, Ausspr. I. p. 653; II. p. 410, and by Vanicek, p. 503], to uncover, make or lay bare.
    I.
    Lit.:

    patinas,

    Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 51: apertae surae, Turp. ap. Non. p. 236, 16:

    apertis lateribus,

    Sisenn. ib. p. 236, 26:

    capite aperto esse,

    Varr. ib. p. 236, 25;

    p. 236, 28: ut corporis partes quaedam aperiantur,

    Cic. Off. 1, 35, 129:

    caput aperuit,

    id. Phil. 2, 31; Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 236, 20:

    capita,

    Plin. 28, 6, 17, § 60:

    aperto pectore,

    Ov. M. 2, 339; and poet. transf. to the person:

    apertae pectora matres,

    id. ib. 13, 688:

    ramum,

    Verg. A. 6, 406 al. — Trop., to make visible, to show, reveal, Liv. 22, 6:

    dispulsā nebulā diem aperuit,

    id. 26, 17 (cf. just before:

    densa nebula campos circa intexit): dies faciem victoriae,

    Tac. Agr. 38:

    lux aperuit bellum ducemque belli,

    Liv. 3, 15:

    novam aciem dies aperuit,

    Tac. H. 4, 29:

    his unda dehiscens Terram aperit,

    opens to view, Verg. A. 1, 107.—From the intermediate idea of making visible,
    II.
    Metaph.
    A.
    1.. To unclose, open: aperto ex ostio Alti Acheruntis, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37:

    aperite aliquis ostium,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 26; so id. Heaut. 2, 3, 35:

    forem aperi,

    id. Ad. 2, 1, 13:

    fores,

    id. Eun. 2, 2, 52; Ov. M. 10, 457; Suet. Aug. 82:

    januas carceris,

    Vulg. Act. 5, 19:

    fenestram,

    ib. Gen. 8, 6:

    liquidas vias,

    to open the liquid way, Lucr. 1, 373; so Verg. A. 11, 884:

    sucum venis fundere apertis,

    to pour out moisture from its open veins, Lucr. 5, 812:

    saccum,

    Vulg. Gen. 42, 27:

    os,

    ib. ib. 22, 28:

    labia, ib. Job, 11, 5: oculos,

    ib. Act. 9, 8:

    accepi fasciculum, in quo erat epistula Piliae: abstuli, aperui, legi,

    Cic. Att. 5, 11 fin.; so id. ib. 1, 13;

    6, 3: aperire librum,

    Vulg. Apoc. 5, 5; 20, 12:

    testamentum,

    Plin. 7, 52, 53, § 177 (cf.:

    testamentum resignare,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 9); Suet. Caes. 83; id. Aug. 17:

    sigillum aperire,

    to break, Vulg. Apoc. 6, 3 al.:

    ferro iter aperiundum est,

    Sall. C. 58, 7:

    locum... asylum,

    to make it an asylum, Liv. 1, 8:

    subterraneos specus,

    Tac. G. 16:

    navigantibus maria,

    Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 122:

    arbor florem aperit,

    id. 12, 11, 23, § 40 et saep.: aperire parietem, to open a wall, in order to put a door or window in it, Dig. 8, 2, 40: alicui oculos aperire, to give sight to (after the Heb.), Vulg. Joan. 9, 10; 9, 14 al.; so,

    aures aperire,

    to restore hearing to, ib. Marc. 7, 35.—
    2.
    Trop.:

    nec ita claudenda est res familiaris, ut eam benignitas aperire non possit,

    Cic. Off. 2, 15, 54: amicitiae fores. id. Fam. 13, 10:

    multus apertus cursus ad laudem,

    id. Phil. 14, 6 fin.:

    tibi virtus tua reditum ad tuos aperuit,

    id. Fam. 6, 11:

    philosophiae fontes,

    id. Tusc. 1, 3, 6; id. Mil. 31, 85 et saep.: alicujus oculos aperire, to open one's eyes, make him discern (after the Heb.), Vulg. Gen. 3, 5; 3, 7; ib. Act. 26, 18; so,

    alicujus cor aperire,

    ib. ib. 16, 14: ventus [p. 136] incendio viam aperuit, Liv. 6, 2:

    occasionem ad invadendum,

    id. 4, 53; so id. 9, 27: si hanc fenestram aperueritis (i.e. if you enter upon the way of complaint), nihil aliud agi sinetis, Suet. Tib. 28 (cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 72:

    Quantam fenestram ad nequitiem patefeceris!): quia aperuisset gentibus ostium fidei,

    Vulg. Act. 14, 27; ib. Col. 4, 3.— So of the new year, to open it, i.e. begin:

    annum,

    Verg. G. 1, 217:

    contigit ergo privatis aperire annum (since the consul entered upon his office the first of January),

    Plin. Pan. 58, 4 Gierig and Schaef.—So also of a school, to establish, set up, begin, or open it:

    Dionysius tyrannus Corinthi dicitur ludum aperuisse,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 18; so Suet. Gram. 16; id. Rhet. 4.— Poet.:

    fuste aperire caput,

    i.e. to cleave, split the head, Juv. 9, 98.—
    B.
    Aperire locum (populum, gentes, etc.), to lay open a place, people, etc., i.e. to open an entrance to, render accessible (cf. patefacio);

    most freq. in the histt., esp. in Tacitus: qui aperuerint armis orbem terrarum,

    Liv. 42, 52; 42, 4:

    Syriam,

    Tac. A. 2, 70:

    omnes terras fortibus viris natura aperuit,

    id. H. 4, 64:

    novas gentes,

    id. Agr. 22:

    gentes ac reges,

    id. G. 1:

    Britanniam tamdiu clausam aperit,

    Mel. 3, 6, 4; Luc. 1, 465 Cort.:

    Eoas,

    id. 4, 352:

    pelagus,

    Val. Fl. 1, 169.—
    C.
    Transf. to mental objects, to disclose something unknown, to unveil, reveal, make known, unfold, to prove, demonstrate; or gen. to explain, recount, etc.:

    occulta quaedam et quasi involuta aperiri,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 30:

    explicanda est saepe verbis mens nostra de quāque re atque involutae rei notitia definiendo aperienda est,

    id. Or. 33, 116:

    alicui scripturas aperire,

    Vulg. Luc. 24, 32:

    tua probra aperibo omnia,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 50: ne exspectetis argumentum fabulae;

    hi partem aperient,

    Ter. Ad. prol. 23:

    non quo aperiret sententiam suam, sed etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 84:

    eo praesente conjurationem aperit,

    Sall. C. 40, 6:

    naturam et mores,

    id. ib. 53 fin.; so id. ib. 45, 1; 47, 1; id. J. 33, 4:

    lux fugam hostium aperuit,

    Liv. 27, 2:

    aperiri error poterat,

    id. 26, 10:

    casus aperire futuros,

    to disclose the future, Ov. M. 15, 559:

    futura aperit,

    Tac. H. 2, 4.—So also, se aperire or aperiri, to reveal one's true disposition, character:

    tum coacti necessario se aperiunt,

    show themselves in their true light, Ter. And. 4, 1, 8:

    studio aperimur in ipso,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 371:

    exspectandum, dum se ipsa res aperiret,

    Nep. Paus. 3, 7; Quint. prooem. § 3.—Sometimes constr. with acc. and inf., a rel.-clause, or de:

    cum jam directae in se prorae hostes appropinquare aperuissent,

    Liv. 44, 28:

    domino navis, quis sit, aperit,

    Nep. Them. 8, 6; so id. Eum. 13, 3: de clementiā, Auct. ad Her. 2, 31.—In a gen. sense (freq. in epistt.) in Cic. Att. 5, 1, 2: de Oppio factum est, ut volui, et maxime, quod DCCC. aperuisti, you promised, i.e. that it should be paid to him (= ostendisti te daturum, Manut.); cf.

    the more definite expression: de Oppio bene curāsti, quod ei DCCC. exposuisti,

    id. ib. 5, 4, 3.—Hence, ăpertus, a, um, P. a.; pr., opened; hence, open, free.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    Without covering, open, uncovered (opp. tectus):

    naves apertae,

    without deck, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 40; Liv. 31, 22 fin.; cf. id. 32, 21, 14: centum tectae naves et quinquaginta leviores apertae, et saep.; v. navis.—Also, without covering or defence, unprotected, exposed:

    locus,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 84.— Poet., of the sky, clear, cloudless:

    caelo invectus aperto,

    Verg. A. 1, 155:

    aether,

    id. ib. 1, 587:

    aperta serena prospicere,

    id. G. 1, 393.—
    2.
    Unclosed, open, not shut (opp. clausus):

    Janua cum per se transpectum praebet apertum,

    since this affords an open view through it, Lucr. 4, 272:

    oculi,

    id. 4, 339:

    oculorum lumine aperto,

    id. 4, 1139 et saep.:

    nihil tam clausum, neque tam reconditum, quod non istius cupiditati apertissimum promptissimumque esset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20:

    caelum patens atque apertum,

    id. Div. 1, 1 (diff. from 1.); so Ov. M. 6, 693:

    vidit caelos apertos,

    Vulg. Marc. 1, 10:

    apertus et propatulus locus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49:

    iter,

    Liv. 31, 2:

    apertior aditus ad moenia,

    id. 9, 28:

    campi,

    id. 38, 3:

    per apertum limitem (viae),

    Tac. H. 3, 21; Ov. M. 1, 285:

    fenestrae,

    Vulg. Dan. 6, 10:

    ostia,

    ib. ib. 13, 39:

    aequor,

    Ov. M. 4, 527; so id. ib. 8, 165; 11, 555 et saep. — Poet., of a battle: nec aperti copia Martis Ulla fuit, an action in the open field, Ov. M. 13, 208.—Very freq. ăpertum, subst., that which is open, free; an open, clear space:

    in aperto,

    Lucr. 3, 604:

    per apertum fugientes,

    Hor. C, 3, 12, 10:

    impetum ex aperto facerent,

    Liv. 35, 5:

    castra in aperto posita,

    id. 1, 33; so id. 22, 4:

    volantem in aperto,

    Plin. 10, 8, 9, § 22:

    in aperta prodeunt,

    id. 8, 32, 50, § 117:

    disjecit naves in aperta Oceani,

    Tac. A. 2, 23.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    a.. Opp. to that which is concealed, covered, dark, open, clear, plain, evident, manifest, unobstructed:

    nam nihil aegrius est quam res secernere apertas ab dubiis,

    nothing is, indeed, more difficult than to separate things that are evident from those that are doubtful, Lucr. 4, 467; so id. 4, 596; 1, 915; 5, 1062:

    cum illum ex occultis insidiis in apertum latrocinium conjecimus,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 1:

    simultates partim obscurae, partim apertae,

    id. Manil. 24:

    quid enim potest esse tam apertum tamque perspicuum?

    id. N. D. 2, 2, 4:

    quid rem apertam suspectam facimus?

    Liv. 41, 24:

    non furtim, sed vi aperta,

    id. 25, 24:

    apertus animi motus,

    Quint. 10, 3, 21:

    invidia in occulto, adulatio in aperto,

    Tac. H. 4, 4 et saep.—So, in rhet., of clear, intelligible discourse:

    multo apertius ad intellegendum est, si, etc.... apertam enim narrationem tam esse oportet quam, etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 328; cf. id. Inv. 1, 20.—Hence,
    b.
    Esp. as subst.: in aperto esse,
    (α).
    To be clear, evident, well known, notorious, en tôi phanerôi einai:

    ad cognoscendum omnia illustria magis magisque in aperto,

    Sall. J. 5, 3.—
    (β).
    To be easily practicable, easy, facile (the figure taken from an open field or space):

    agere memoratu digna pronum magisque in aperto erat,

    there was a greater inclination and a more open way to, Tac. Agr. 1:

    hostes aggredi in aperto foret,

    id. H. 3, 56:

    vota virtusque in aperto omniaque prona victoribus,

    id. Agr. 33.—
    2.
    Of character, without dissimulation, open, frank, candid:

    animus apertus et simplex,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 9; id. Off. 3, 13, 57:

    pectus,

    id. Lael. 26, 97. —Hence, ironically: ut semper fuit apertissimus, as he has always been very open, frank (for impudent, shameless), Cic. Mur. 35.—Hence, ăpertē, adv., openly, clearly, plainly.
    I.
    In gen.:

    tam aperte irridens,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 62:

    ab illo aperte tecte quicquid est datum, libenter accepi,

    Cic. Att. 1, 14, 4; id. Or. 12, 38; id. Am. 18, 67:

    cum Fidenae aperte descissent,

    Liv. 1, 27:

    aperte quod venale habet ostendit,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 83:

    aperte revelari,

    Vulg. 1 Reg. 2, 27:

    non jam secretis colloquiis, sed aperte fremere,

    Tac. A. 11, 28:

    aperte adulari,

    Cic. Am. 26, 99:

    aperte mentiri,

    id. Ac. 2, 6, 18:

    aperte pugnare, id. ap. Aquil. Rom. 10: aperte immundus est,

    Vulg. Lev. 13, 26.— Comp.:

    cum ipsum dolorem hic tulit paulo apertius,

    Cic. Planc. 34; id. Att. 16, 3, 5; Curt. 6, 1, 11:

    ab his proconsuli venenum inter epulas datum est apertius quam ut fallerent,

    Tac. A. 13, 1.— Sup.:

    hinc empta apertissime praetura,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 100:

    equite Romano per te apertissime interfecto,

    id. Har. Resp. 30:

    largiri,

    id. ib. 56:

    praedari,

    id. Verr. 1, 130.—
    II.
    Esp. of what is set forth in words or writing, plainly, clearly, freely, without reserve:

    nempe ergo aperte vis quae restant me loqui?

    Ter. And. 1, 2, 24; id. Phorm. 4, 3, 49:

    aperte indicat (lex) posse rationem habere non praesentis,

    Cic. ad Brut. 1, 5, 3:

    Non tu istuc mihi dictura aperte es, quicquid est?

    Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 3:

    narrare,

    id. Heaut. 4, 3, 24:

    scribere,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 7, 3; Quint. 1, 5, 43.— Comp.:

    Planius atque apertius dicam,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 43:

    distinguere,

    Quint. 3, 6, 45.— Sup.:

    istius injurias quam apertissime vobis planissimeque explicare,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 64, 156:

    aliquid apertissime ostendere,

    Quint. 5, 12, 11.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aperte

  • 39 concido

    1.
    con-cĭdo, cĭdi, 3, v. n. [cado], to fall together, to fall down, to tumble to the ground (class. in prose and poetry).
    I.
    In gen., of buildings:

    conclave illud concidit,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 86, 353:

    navis veluti terrestre machinamentum,

    Tac. A. 14, 6:

    turris terrae motu,

    Suet. Tib. 74; cf.:

    urbs acerbissimo concidat incendio conflagrata,

    Auct. Her. 4, 8, 12.—Of other objects:

    omne caelum,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 25, 27:

    ipse et equus ejus ante signum Jovis concidit,

    id. Div. 1, 35, 77:

    (alces) infirmas arbores pondere adfligunt atque unā ipsae concidunt,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 27:

    pinus bipenni Thessalā,

    Phaedr. 4, 7, 7:

    ad terram pondere vasto,

    Verg. A. 5, 448:

    sub onere,

    Liv. 24, 8, 17:

    pronus in fimo,

    Verg. A. 5, 333 al. —
    II.
    Pregn.
    A.
    To fall down faint or lifeless, to fall in battle or combat (cf. cado, I. B. 2.): concidit, et sonitum simul insuper arma dederunt, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 396 Vahl.):

    paene in cursu concidi,

    Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 16:

    vi morbi coactus concidere,

    Lucr. 3, 488; cf.:

    accesserat ad religionem, quod consul concidit, et parte membrorum captus, etc.,

    Liv. 41, 16, 3; 10, 29, 7; cf. Lucr. 6, 759:

    Entellus concidit, ut quondam cava concidit... pinus,

    Verg. A. 5, 448; Ov. M. 7, 538:

    sanus bibit, statim concidit,

    Quint. 4, 2, 54; cf.:

    concidere epoto poculo,

    id. 5, 13, 15; and:

    ad primum gustum,

    Suet. Ner. 33:

    deficientibus viribus,

    id. Tib. 73:

    par quoddam (gladiatorum) mutuis ictibus,

    id. Claud. 34; cf. Ov. M. 5, 77:

    Dido usa manu,

    id. H. 7, 196:

    sparo percussus,

    Nep. Epam. 9, 1:

    in proelio,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 37, 89:

    vitio adversariorum,

    Nep. Ages. 5, 2.—Of game:

    multaeque per herbas Conciderant illo percutiente ferae,

    Ov. H. 4, 94.—Of victims, to be slaughtered or slain, to fall:

    vitulus... propter mactatus concidit aras,

    Lucr. 2, 353; Tib. 1, 2, 62; Ov. M. 8, 764; 10, 272;

    hence also of Iphigenia,

    Lucr. 1, 99.—
    B.
    Trop. (cf. cado, II.), to lose strength, value, etc., to fall to the earth, to be overthrown, to fail, be defeated, to decay, perish, fall, to go to ruin, waste away, cease; of the wind, to fall, subside, go down:

    concidunt venti,

    Hor. C. 1, 12, 30; Lucr. 4, 509. —Of a flame:

    jam illa flamma, quae magnā congerie convaluerat, diductis quibus alebatur, concidet,

    Quint. 5, 13, 13; cf. in a figure: nonne, ut ignis in aquam conjectus continuo restinguitur et refrigeratur, sic refervens falsum crimen in purissimam et castissimam vitam collatum statim concidit et restinguitur? Cic. Rosc. Com. 6, 17:

    macie,

    to shrink together, shrivel up, Ov. H. 21, 215:

    illas assumere robora gentes, Concidere has,

    id. M. 15, 422; cf.:

    concidit auguris Argivi domus,

    Hor. C. 3, 16, 11:

    quā concidit Ilia tellus,

    Verg. A. 11, 245:

    eodem anno, quo Carthago concidit,

    Vell. 1, 13:

    judicum vocibus fractus reus et unā patroni omnes conciderunt,

    Cic. Att. 1, 16, 5; cf. id. ib. §

    10: ecquis umquam tam ex amplo statu concidit?

    id. ib. 3, 10, 2:

    malas causas semper obtinuit, in optimā concidit,

    id. ib. 7, 25 med.:

    concidit (Phocion) maxime uno crimine, quod, etc.,

    Nep. Phoc. 2, 4; Tac. A. 16, 21; cf.:

    Tiberii saevitiā,

    id. ib. 16, 29:

    hostes concidunt animis,

    are disheartened, Hirt. B. G. 8, 19; cf. Cic. Div. 2, 58, 119:

    scimus Romae solutione impeditā fidem concidisse,

    failed, was prostrated, id. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19; cf. id. ib. 7, 19 fin.:

    opes Persarum,

    Tac. A. 12, 13:

    senatūs auctoritas,

    Cic. Att. 1, 16, 7; cf.:

    imperii majestas,

    Nep. Pelop. 2, 4; Cic. Or. 43, 148:

    artificia,

    id. Ac. 2, 47, 146:

    praeclara nomina artificum,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 12:

    omnis ferocia,

    Liv. 28, 26, 14:

    bellum,

    Tac. H. 2, 57 al.
    2.
    con-cīdo, cīdi, cīsum, 3, v. a. [caedo], to cut up, cut through, cut away, cut to pieces, to bring to ruin, destroy, etc. (class. in prose and poetry).
    I.
    Prop.
    A.
    In gen.:

    nervos,

    Cic. Fl. 30, 73:

    corpus in partes,

    Petr. 141, 2:

    vitulum Ajax,

    id. 59 fin.:

    ligna,

    Ov. F. 2, 647:

    agrum umidiorem fossis,

    Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 47:

    concidere et cremare naves,

    to break up, Liv. 38, 39, 2:

    essedum argenteum,

    Suet. Claud. 16:

    haec minute,

    Col. 12, 22.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To cut to pieces, for to beat severely, cudgel soundly:

    aliquem virgis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 47, § 122:

    loris,

    Juv. 6, 413:

    pugnis,

    id. 3, 300.—
    2.
    To cut to pieces in war, to cut down, destroy, kill:

    hi novissimos adorti magnam multitudinem eorum fugientium conciderunt,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 11:

    eos inopinantes adgressus magnam partem eorum concidit,

    id. ib. 1, 12; so Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 9; id. Att. 5, 16, 4; Nep. Dion, 10, 1; id. Dat. 6, 6; id. Hann. 3, 4.—
    3.
    In mal. part. (cf. caedo, I. B. 3.), to lie with, Pompon. ap. Non. p. 166, 2;

    hence caede, concide, in a double sense as an address to gladiators,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 66, § 155 Zumpt; cf. Lampr. Elag. 10. —
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Of discourse, to divide minutely, dismember, render feeble:

    nec minutos numeros sequens concidat delumbetque sententias,

    Cic. Or. 69, 231; cf.:

    (sunt qui) infringendis concidendisque numeris in quoddam genus abjectum incidant,

    id. ib. 69, 230; so also Quint. praef. § 24; cf. id. 3, 11, 21; 5, 10, 91; 11, 3, 53 al.—
    B.
    To strike down, to prostrate, ruin, destroy, annul, by word or deed:

    omnem auctoritatem universi ordinis,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 1, 4:

    Antonium decretis vestris,

    id. Phil. 5, 11, 28:

    Vatinium arbitratu nostro,

    to annihilate, id. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 1; cf.:

    Sevius adlisus est, ceteri conciduntur,

    are condemned, id. ib. 2, 4, 6:

    Timocraten totis voluminibus,

    to confute, id. N. D. 1, 33, 93:

    testamentum,

    to revoke, Dig. 28, 4, 1.—
    * 2.
    In Plaut., to deceive, cheat, defraud:

    em istic homo te articulatim concidit,

    Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 52 Ritschl.—Hence, concīsus, a, um, P. a. (in acc. with II. A.), divided, broken up, short, concise:

    sententiae,

    Cic. Brut. 17, 66:

    concisae et angustae disputationes,

    id. de Or. 2, 14, 61:

    brevitas,

    id. ib. 3, 53, 202:

    brevia illa atque concisa,

    Quint. 10, 7, 10; cf.

    thus with brevis,

    id. 6, 4, 2; and (opp. perpetuus) id. 2, 20, 7; 2, 21, 13; Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 327.— Transf. of the orator Thrasymachus, Cic. Or. 13, 40.— Comp.:

    insonuerit vox tubae longior atque concisior,

    Vulg. Jos. 6, 5.— Adv.: concīsē, briefly, concisely:

    (philosophia) non tam est minute atque concise in actionibus utendum, etc.,

    Quint. 12, 2, 11:

    ululare,

    Vulg. Num. 10, 7.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > concido

  • 40 proscindo

    prō-scindo, scĭdi, scissum, 3, v. a., to tear open in front, to rend, split, cleave, cut up, cut in pieces ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    ferro proscindere quercum,

    Luc. 3, 434:

    piscem,

    App. Mag. p. 300, 18 and 20:

    spumanti Rhodanus proscindens gurgite campos,

    Sil. 3, 449:

    vulnere pectus,

    Stat. Th. 10, 439:

    fulgure terram,

    Just. 44, 3, 6.—
    B.
    In partic., in agriculture, of the first ploughing, to break up the land: rursum terram cum primum arant, proscindere appellant; cum iterum, offringere dicunt, quod primā aratione glebae grandes solent excitari. Varr. R. R. 1, 29, 2; 1, 27, 2:

    terram transversis adversisque sulcis,

    Col. 3, 13, 4: priusquam ares, proscindito, Cato ap. Plin. 18, 19, 49, § 176: bubulcum autem per proscissum ingredi oportet, the trench, furrow, Col. 2, 2, 25; 3, 13, 4; 11, 2, 32.— Poet., in gen., for arare, to plough: rorulentas terras, Att. ap. Non. p. 395, 22 (Trag. Rel. v. 496 Rib.):

    validis terram proscinde juvencis,

    Verg. G. 2, 237:

    terram pressis aratris,

    Lucr. 5, 209:

    ferro campum,

    Ov. M. 7, 119.—
    2.
    Transf., to cut through, to cleave, furrow ( poet.): rostro ventosum aequor. Cat. 64, 12:

    remo stagna,

    Sil. 8, 603.—
    II.
    Trop., to cut up with words, to censure, satirize, revile, defame:

    aliquem,

    Ov. P. 4, 16, 47:

    equestrem ordinem,

    Suet. Calig. 30:

    aliquem foedissimo convicio,

    id. Aug. 13:

    carminibus proscissus,

    Plin. 36, 6, 7, § 48: aliquem famoso carmine, Suet. Vit. Luc.; Val. Max. 5, 3, 3; 8, 5, 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > proscindo

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