cloudless

* * *

* * *

* * *

ăpĕrĭo, ĕrŭi, ertum, 4, v. a. ( fut. aperibo, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 50; Pompon. ap. Non. p. 506, 30) [ab-pario, to get from, take away from, i.e. to uncover, like the opp. operio, from obpario, to get for, to put upon, i. e. to cover; this is the old explanation, and is received by Corssen, Ausspr. I. p. 653; II. p. 410, and by Vanicek, p. 503], to uncover, make or lay bare.

Lit.:

patinas,

Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 51: apertae surae, Turp. ap. Non. p. 236, 16:

apertis lateribus,

Sisenn. ib. p. 236, 26:

capite aperto esse,

Varr. ib. p. 236, 25;

p. 236, 28: ut corporis partes quaedam aperiantur,

Cic. Off. 1, 35, 129:

caput aperuit,

id. Phil. 2, 31; Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 236, 20:

capita,

Plin. 28, 6, 17, § 60:

aperto pectore,

Ov. M. 2, 339; and poet. transf. to the person:

apertae pectora matres,

id. ib. 13, 688:

ramum,

Verg. A. 6, 406 al. — Trop., to make visible, to show, reveal, Liv. 22, 6:

dispulsā nebulā diem aperuit,

id. 26, 17 (cf. just before:

densa nebula campos circa intexit): dies faciem victoriae,

Tac. Agr. 38:

lux aperuit bellum ducemque belli,

Liv. 3, 15:

novam aciem dies aperuit,

Tac. H. 4, 29:

his unda dehiscens Terram aperit,

opens to view, Verg. A. 1, 107.—From the intermediate idea of making visible,

Metaph.

1.. To unclose, open: aperto ex ostio Alti Acheruntis, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37:

aperite aliquis ostium,

Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 26; so id. Heaut. 2, 3, 35:

forem aperi,

id. Ad. 2, 1, 13:

fores,

id. Eun. 2, 2, 52; Ov. M. 10, 457; Suet. Aug. 82:

januas carceris,

Vulg. Act. 5, 19:

fenestram,

ib. Gen. 8, 6:

liquidas vias,

to open the liquid way, Lucr. 1, 373; so Verg. A. 11, 884:

sucum venis fundere apertis,

to pour out moisture from its open veins, Lucr. 5, 812:

saccum,

Vulg. Gen. 42, 27:

os,

ib. ib. 22, 28:

labia, ib. Job, 11, 5: oculos,

ib. Act. 9, 8:

accepi fasciculum, in quo erat epistula Piliae: abstuli, aperui, legi,

Cic. Att. 5, 11 fin.; so id. ib. 1, 13;

6, 3: aperire librum,

Vulg. Apoc. 5, 5; 20, 12:

testamentum,

Plin. 7, 52, 53, § 177 (cf.:

testamentum resignare,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 9); Suet. Caes. 83; id. Aug. 17:

sigillum aperire,

to break, Vulg. Apoc. 6, 3 al.:

ferro iter aperiundum est,

Sall. C. 58, 7:

locum... asylum,

to make it an asylum, Liv. 1, 8:

subterraneos specus,

Tac. G. 16:

navigantibus maria,

Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 122:

arbor florem aperit,

id. 12, 11, 23, § 40 et saep.: aperire parietem, to open a wall, in order to put a door or window in it, Dig. 8, 2, 40: alicui oculos aperire, to give sight to (after the Heb.), Vulg. Joan. 9, 10; 9, 14 al.; so,

aures aperire,

to restore hearing to, ib. Marc. 7, 35.—

Trop.:

nec ita claudenda est res familiaris, ut eam benignitas aperire non possit,

Cic. Off. 2, 15, 54: amicitiae fores. id. Fam. 13, 10:

multus apertus cursus ad laudem,

id. Phil. 14, 6 fin.:

tibi virtus tua reditum ad tuos aperuit,

id. Fam. 6, 11:

philosophiae fontes,

id. Tusc. 1, 3, 6; id. Mil. 31, 85 et saep.: alicujus oculos aperire, to open one's eyes, make him discern (after the Heb.), Vulg. Gen. 3, 5; 3, 7; ib. Act. 26, 18; so,

alicujus cor aperire,

ib. ib. 16, 14: ventus [p. 136] incendio viam aperuit, Liv. 6, 2:

occasionem ad invadendum,

id. 4, 53; so id. 9, 27: si hanc fenestram aperueritis (i.e. if you enter upon the way of complaint), nihil aliud agi sinetis, Suet. Tib. 28 (cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 72:

Quantam fenestram ad nequitiem patefeceris!): quia aperuisset gentibus ostium fidei,

Vulg. Act. 14, 27; ib. Col. 4, 3.— So of the new year, to open it, i.e. begin:

annum,

Verg. G. 1, 217:

contigit ergo privatis aperire annum (since the consul entered upon his office the first of January),

Plin. Pan. 58, 4 Gierig and Schaef.—So also of a school, to establish, set up, begin, or open it:

Dionysius tyrannus Corinthi dicitur ludum aperuisse,

Cic. Fam. 9, 18; so Suet. Gram. 16; id. Rhet. 4.— Poet.:

fuste aperire caput,

i.e. to cleave, split the head, Juv. 9, 98.—

Aperire locum (populum, gentes, etc.), to lay open a place, people, etc., i.e. to open an entrance to, render accessible (cf. patefacio);

most freq. in the histt., esp. in Tacitus: qui aperuerint armis orbem terrarum,

Liv. 42, 52; 42, 4:

Syriam,

Tac. A. 2, 70:

omnes terras fortibus viris natura aperuit,

id. H. 4, 64:

novas gentes,

id. Agr. 22:

gentes ac reges,

id. G. 1:

Britanniam tamdiu clausam aperit,

Mel. 3, 6, 4; Luc. 1, 465 Cort.:

Eoas,

id. 4, 352:

pelagus,

Val. Fl. 1, 169.—

Transf. to mental objects, to disclose something unknown, to unveil, reveal, make known, unfold, to prove, demonstrate; or gen. to explain, recount, etc.:

occulta quaedam et quasi involuta aperiri,

Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 30:

explicanda est saepe verbis mens nostra de quāque re atque involutae rei notitia definiendo aperienda est,

id. Or. 33, 116:

alicui scripturas aperire,

Vulg. Luc. 24, 32:

tua probra aperibo omnia,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 50: ne exspectetis argumentum fabulae;

hi partem aperient,

Ter. Ad. prol. 23:

non quo aperiret sententiam suam, sed etc.,

Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 84:

eo praesente conjurationem aperit,

Sall. C. 40, 6:

naturam et mores,

id. ib. 53 fin.; so id. ib. 45, 1; 47, 1; id. J. 33, 4:

lux fugam hostium aperuit,

Liv. 27, 2:

aperiri error poterat,

id. 26, 10:

casus aperire futuros,

to disclose the future, Ov. M. 15, 559:

futura aperit,

Tac. H. 2, 4.—So also, se aperire or aperiri, to reveal one's true disposition, character:

tum coacti necessario se aperiunt,

show themselves in their true light, Ter. And. 4, 1, 8:

studio aperimur in ipso,

Ov. A. A. 3, 371:

exspectandum, dum se ipsa res aperiret,

Nep. Paus. 3, 7; Quint. prooem. § 3.—Sometimes constr. with acc. and inf., a rel.-clause, or de:

cum jam directae in se prorae hostes appropinquare aperuissent,

Liv. 44, 28:

domino navis, quis sit, aperit,

Nep. Them. 8, 6; so id. Eum. 13, 3: de clementiā, Auct. ad Her. 2, 31.—In a gen. sense (freq. in epistt.) in Cic. Att. 5, 1, 2: de Oppio factum est, ut volui, et maxime, quod DCCC. aperuisti, you promised, i.e. that it should be paid to him (= ostendisti te daturum, Manut.); cf.

the more definite expression: de Oppio bene curāsti, quod ei DCCC. exposuisti,

id. ib. 5, 4, 3.—Hence, ăpertus, a, um, P. a.; pr., opened; hence, open, free.

Lit.

Without covering, open, uncovered (opp. tectus):

naves apertae,

without deck, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 40; Liv. 31, 22 fin.; cf. id. 32, 21, 14: centum tectae naves et quinquaginta leviores apertae, et saep.; v. navis.—Also, without covering or defence, unprotected, exposed:

locus,

Caes. B. C. 3, 84.— Poet., of the sky, clear, cloudless:

caelo invectus aperto,

Verg. A. 1, 155:

aether,

id. ib. 1, 587:

aperta serena prospicere,

id. G. 1, 393.—

Unclosed, open, not shut (opp. clausus):

Janua cum per se transpectum praebet apertum,

since this affords an open view through it, Lucr. 4, 272:

oculi,

id. 4, 339:

oculorum lumine aperto,

id. 4, 1139 et saep.:

nihil tam clausum, neque tam reconditum, quod non istius cupiditati apertissimum promptissimumque esset,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20:

caelum patens atque apertum,

id. Div. 1, 1 (diff. from 1.); so Ov. M. 6, 693:

vidit caelos apertos,

Vulg. Marc. 1, 10:

apertus et propatulus locus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49:

iter,

Liv. 31, 2:

apertior aditus ad moenia,

id. 9, 28:

campi,

id. 38, 3:

per apertum limitem (viae),

Tac. H. 3, 21; Ov. M. 1, 285:

fenestrae,

Vulg. Dan. 6, 10:

ostia,

ib. ib. 13, 39:

aequor,

Ov. M. 4, 527; so id. ib. 8, 165; 11, 555 et saep. — Poet., of a battle: nec aperti copia Martis Ulla fuit, an action in the open field, Ov. M. 13, 208.—Very freq. ăpertum, subst., that which is open, free; an open, clear space:

in aperto,

Lucr. 3, 604:

per apertum fugientes,

Hor. C, 3, 12, 10:

impetum ex aperto facerent,

Liv. 35, 5:

castra in aperto posita,

id. 1, 33; so id. 22, 4:

volantem in aperto,

Plin. 10, 8, 9, § 22:

in aperta prodeunt,

id. 8, 32, 50, § 117:

disjecit naves in aperta Oceani,

Tac. A. 2, 23.—

Trop.

a.. Opp. to that which is concealed, covered, dark, open, clear, plain, evident, manifest, unobstructed:

nam nihil aegrius est quam res secernere apertas ab dubiis,

nothing is, indeed, more difficult than to separate things that are evident from those that are doubtful, Lucr. 4, 467; so id. 4, 596; 1, 915; 5, 1062:

cum illum ex occultis insidiis in apertum latrocinium conjecimus,

Cic. Cat. 2, 1:

simultates partim obscurae, partim apertae,

id. Manil. 24:

quid enim potest esse tam apertum tamque perspicuum?

id. N. D. 2, 2, 4:

quid rem apertam suspectam facimus?

Liv. 41, 24:

non furtim, sed vi aperta,

id. 25, 24:

apertus animi motus,

Quint. 10, 3, 21:

invidia in occulto, adulatio in aperto,

Tac. H. 4, 4 et saep.—So, in rhet., of clear, intelligible discourse:

multo apertius ad intellegendum est, si, etc.... apertam enim narrationem tam esse oportet quam, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 328; cf. id. Inv. 1, 20.—Hence,

Esp. as subst.: in aperto esse,

To be clear, evident, well known, notorious, en tôi phanerôi einai:

ad cognoscendum omnia illustria magis magisque in aperto,

Sall. J. 5, 3.—

To be easily practicable, easy, facile (the figure taken from an open field or space):

agere memoratu digna pronum magisque in aperto erat,

there was a greater inclination and a more open way to, Tac. Agr. 1:

hostes aggredi in aperto foret,

id. H. 3, 56:

vota virtusque in aperto omniaque prona victoribus,

id. Agr. 33.—

Of character, without dissimulation, open, frank, candid:

animus apertus et simplex,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9; id. Off. 3, 13, 57:

pectus,

id. Lael. 26, 97. —Hence, ironically: ut semper fuit apertissimus, as he has always been very open, frank (for impudent, shameless), Cic. Mur. 35.—Hence, ăpertē, adv., openly, clearly, plainly.

In gen.:

tam aperte irridens,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 62:

ab illo aperte tecte quicquid est datum, libenter accepi,

Cic. Att. 1, 14, 4; id. Or. 12, 38; id. Am. 18, 67:

cum Fidenae aperte descissent,

Liv. 1, 27:

aperte quod venale habet ostendit,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 83:

aperte revelari,

Vulg. 1 Reg. 2, 27:

non jam secretis colloquiis, sed aperte fremere,

Tac. A. 11, 28:

aperte adulari,

Cic. Am. 26, 99:

aperte mentiri,

id. Ac. 2, 6, 18:

aperte pugnare, id. ap. Aquil. Rom. 10: aperte immundus est,

Vulg. Lev. 13, 26.— Comp.:

cum ipsum dolorem hic tulit paulo apertius,

Cic. Planc. 34; id. Att. 16, 3, 5; Curt. 6, 1, 11:

ab his proconsuli venenum inter epulas datum est apertius quam ut fallerent,

Tac. A. 13, 1.— Sup.:

hinc empta apertissime praetura,

Cic. Verr. 1, 100:

equite Romano per te apertissime interfecto,

id. Har. Resp. 30:

largiri,

id. ib. 56:

praedari,

id. Verr. 1, 130.—

Esp. of what is set forth in words or writing, plainly, clearly, freely, without reserve:

nempe ergo aperte vis quae restant me loqui?

Ter. And. 1, 2, 24; id. Phorm. 4, 3, 49:

aperte indicat (lex) posse rationem habere non praesentis,

Cic. ad Brut. 1, 5, 3:

Non tu istuc mihi dictura aperte es, quicquid est?

Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 3:

narrare,

id. Heaut. 4, 3, 24:

scribere,

Cic. Fam. 5, 7, 3; Quint. 1, 5, 43.— Comp.:

Planius atque apertius dicam,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 43:

distinguere,

Quint. 3, 6, 45.— Sup.:

istius injurias quam apertissime vobis planissimeque explicare,

Cic. Verr. 2, 64, 156:

aliquid apertissime ostendere,

Quint. 5, 12, 11.

ăpĕrĭo, ĕrŭi, ertum, 4, v. a. ( fut. aperibo, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 50; Pompon. ap. Non. p. 506, 30) [ab-pario, to get from, take away from, i.e. to uncover, like the opp. operio, from obpario, to get for, to put upon, i. e. to cover; this is the old explanation, and is received by Corssen, Ausspr. I. p. 653; II. p. 410, and by Vanicek, p. 503], to uncover, make or lay bare.

Lit.:

patinas,

Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 51: apertae surae, Turp. ap. Non. p. 236, 16:

apertis lateribus,

Sisenn. ib. p. 236, 26:

capite aperto esse,

Varr. ib. p. 236, 25;

p. 236, 28: ut corporis partes quaedam aperiantur,

Cic. Off. 1, 35, 129:

caput aperuit,

id. Phil. 2, 31; Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 236, 20:

capita,

Plin. 28, 6, 17, § 60:

aperto pectore,

Ov. M. 2, 339; and poet. transf. to the person:

apertae pectora matres,

id. ib. 13, 688:

ramum,

Verg. A. 6, 406 al. — Trop., to make visible, to show, reveal, Liv. 22, 6:

dispulsā nebulā diem aperuit,

id. 26, 17 (cf. just before:

densa nebula campos circa intexit): dies faciem victoriae,

Tac. Agr. 38:

lux aperuit bellum ducemque belli,

Liv. 3, 15:

novam aciem dies aperuit,

Tac. H. 4, 29:

his unda dehiscens Terram aperit,

opens to view, Verg. A. 1, 107.—From the intermediate idea of making visible,

Metaph.

1.. To unclose, open: aperto ex ostio Alti Acheruntis, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37:

aperite aliquis ostium,

Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 26; so id. Heaut. 2, 3, 35:

forem aperi,

id. Ad. 2, 1, 13:

fores,

id. Eun. 2, 2, 52; Ov. M. 10, 457; Suet. Aug. 82:

januas carceris,

Vulg. Act. 5, 19:

fenestram,

ib. Gen. 8, 6:

liquidas vias,

to open the liquid way, Lucr. 1, 373; so Verg. A. 11, 884:

sucum venis fundere apertis,

to pour out moisture from its open veins, Lucr. 5, 812:

saccum,

Vulg. Gen. 42, 27:

os,

ib. ib. 22, 28:

labia, ib. Job, 11, 5: oculos,

ib. Act. 9, 8:

accepi fasciculum, in quo erat epistula Piliae: abstuli, aperui, legi,

Cic. Att. 5, 11 fin.; so id. ib. 1, 13;

6, 3: aperire librum,

Vulg. Apoc. 5, 5; 20, 12:

testamentum,

Plin. 7, 52, 53, § 177 (cf.:

testamentum resignare,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 9); Suet. Caes. 83; id. Aug. 17:

sigillum aperire,

to break, Vulg. Apoc. 6, 3 al.:

ferro iter aperiundum est,

Sall. C. 58, 7:

locum... asylum,

to make it an asylum, Liv. 1, 8:

subterraneos specus,

Tac. G. 16:

navigantibus maria,

Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 122:

arbor florem aperit,

id. 12, 11, 23, § 40 et saep.: aperire parietem, to open a wall, in order to put a door or window in it, Dig. 8, 2, 40: alicui oculos aperire, to give sight to (after the Heb.), Vulg. Joan. 9, 10; 9, 14 al.; so,

aures aperire,

to restore hearing to, ib. Marc. 7, 35.—

Trop.:

nec ita claudenda est res familiaris, ut eam benignitas aperire non possit,

Cic. Off. 2, 15, 54: amicitiae fores. id. Fam. 13, 10:

multus apertus cursus ad laudem,

id. Phil. 14, 6 fin.:

tibi virtus tua reditum ad tuos aperuit,

id. Fam. 6, 11:

philosophiae fontes,

id. Tusc. 1, 3, 6; id. Mil. 31, 85 et saep.: alicujus oculos aperire, to open one's eyes, make him discern (after the Heb.), Vulg. Gen. 3, 5; 3, 7; ib. Act. 26, 18; so,

alicujus cor aperire,

ib. ib. 16, 14: ventus [p. 136] incendio viam aperuit, Liv. 6, 2:

occasionem ad invadendum,

id. 4, 53; so id. 9, 27: si hanc fenestram aperueritis (i.e. if you enter upon the way of complaint), nihil aliud agi sinetis, Suet. Tib. 28 (cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 72:

Quantam fenestram ad nequitiem patefeceris!): quia aperuisset gentibus ostium fidei,

Vulg. Act. 14, 27; ib. Col. 4, 3.— So of the new year, to open it, i.e. begin:

annum,

Verg. G. 1, 217:

contigit ergo privatis aperire annum (since the consul entered upon his office the first of January),

Plin. Pan. 58, 4 Gierig and Schaef.—So also of a school, to establish, set up, begin, or open it:

Dionysius tyrannus Corinthi dicitur ludum aperuisse,

Cic. Fam. 9, 18; so Suet. Gram. 16; id. Rhet. 4.— Poet.:

fuste aperire caput,

i.e. to cleave, split the head, Juv. 9, 98.—

Aperire locum (populum, gentes, etc.), to lay open a place, people, etc., i.e. to open an entrance to, render accessible (cf. patefacio);

most freq. in the histt., esp. in Tacitus: qui aperuerint armis orbem terrarum,

Liv. 42, 52; 42, 4:

Syriam,

Tac. A. 2, 70:

omnes terras fortibus viris natura aperuit,

id. H. 4, 64:

novas gentes,

id. Agr. 22:

gentes ac reges,

id. G. 1:

Britanniam tamdiu clausam aperit,

Mel. 3, 6, 4; Luc. 1, 465 Cort.:

Eoas,

id. 4, 352:

pelagus,

Val. Fl. 1, 169.—

Transf. to mental objects, to disclose something unknown, to unveil, reveal, make known, unfold, to prove, demonstrate; or gen. to explain, recount, etc.:

occulta quaedam et quasi involuta aperiri,

Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 30:

explicanda est saepe verbis mens nostra de quāque re atque involutae rei notitia definiendo aperienda est,

id. Or. 33, 116:

alicui scripturas aperire,

Vulg. Luc. 24, 32:

tua probra aperibo omnia,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 50: ne exspectetis argumentum fabulae;

hi partem aperient,

Ter. Ad. prol. 23:

non quo aperiret sententiam suam, sed etc.,

Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 84:

eo praesente conjurationem aperit,

Sall. C. 40, 6:

naturam et mores,

id. ib. 53 fin.; so id. ib. 45, 1; 47, 1; id. J. 33, 4:

lux fugam hostium aperuit,

Liv. 27, 2:

aperiri error poterat,

id. 26, 10:

casus aperire futuros,

to disclose the future, Ov. M. 15, 559:

futura aperit,

Tac. H. 2, 4.—So also, se aperire or aperiri, to reveal one's true disposition, character:

tum coacti necessario se aperiunt,

show themselves in their true light, Ter. And. 4, 1, 8:

studio aperimur in ipso,

Ov. A. A. 3, 371:

exspectandum, dum se ipsa res aperiret,

Nep. Paus. 3, 7; Quint. prooem. § 3.—Sometimes constr. with acc. and inf., a rel.-clause, or de:

cum jam directae in se prorae hostes appropinquare aperuissent,

Liv. 44, 28:

domino navis, quis sit, aperit,

Nep. Them. 8, 6; so id. Eum. 13, 3: de clementiā, Auct. ad Her. 2, 31.—In a gen. sense (freq. in epistt.) in Cic. Att. 5, 1, 2: de Oppio factum est, ut volui, et maxime, quod DCCC. aperuisti, you promised, i.e. that it should be paid to him (= ostendisti te daturum, Manut.); cf.

the more definite expression: de Oppio bene curāsti, quod ei DCCC. exposuisti,

id. ib. 5, 4, 3.—Hence, ăpertus, a, um, P. a.; pr., opened; hence, open, free.

Lit.

Without covering, open, uncovered (opp. tectus):

naves apertae,

without deck, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 40; Liv. 31, 22 fin.; cf. id. 32, 21, 14: centum tectae naves et quinquaginta leviores apertae, et saep.; v. navis.—Also, without covering or defence, unprotected, exposed:

locus,

Caes. B. C. 3, 84.— Poet., of the sky, clear, cloudless:

caelo invectus aperto,

Verg. A. 1, 155:

aether,

id. ib. 1, 587:

aperta serena prospicere,

id. G. 1, 393.—

Unclosed, open, not shut (opp. clausus):

Janua cum per se transpectum praebet apertum,

since this affords an open view through it, Lucr. 4, 272:

oculi,

id. 4, 339:

oculorum lumine aperto,

id. 4, 1139 et saep.:

nihil tam clausum, neque tam reconditum, quod non istius cupiditati apertissimum promptissimumque esset,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20:

caelum patens atque apertum,

id. Div. 1, 1 (diff. from 1.); so Ov. M. 6, 693:

vidit caelos apertos,

Vulg. Marc. 1, 10:

apertus et propatulus locus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49:

iter,

Liv. 31, 2:

apertior aditus ad moenia,

id. 9, 28:

campi,

id. 38, 3:

per apertum limitem (viae),

Tac. H. 3, 21; Ov. M. 1, 285:

fenestrae,

Vulg. Dan. 6, 10:

ostia,

ib. ib. 13, 39:

aequor,

Ov. M. 4, 527; so id. ib. 8, 165; 11, 555 et saep. — Poet., of a battle: nec aperti copia Martis Ulla fuit, an action in the open field, Ov. M. 13, 208.—Very freq. ăpertum, subst., that which is open, free; an open, clear space:

in aperto,

Lucr. 3, 604:

per apertum fugientes,

Hor. C, 3, 12, 10:

impetum ex aperto facerent,

Liv. 35, 5:

castra in aperto posita,

id. 1, 33; so id. 22, 4:

volantem in aperto,

Plin. 10, 8, 9, § 22:

in aperta prodeunt,

id. 8, 32, 50, § 117:

disjecit naves in aperta Oceani,

Tac. A. 2, 23.—

Trop.

a.. Opp. to that which is concealed, covered, dark, open, clear, plain, evident, manifest, unobstructed:

nam nihil aegrius est quam res secernere apertas ab dubiis,

nothing is, indeed, more difficult than to separate things that are evident from those that are doubtful, Lucr. 4, 467; so id. 4, 596; 1, 915; 5, 1062:

cum illum ex occultis insidiis in apertum latrocinium conjecimus,

Cic. Cat. 2, 1:

simultates partim obscurae, partim apertae,

id. Manil. 24:

quid enim potest esse tam apertum tamque perspicuum?

id. N. D. 2, 2, 4:

quid rem apertam suspectam facimus?

Liv. 41, 24:

non furtim, sed vi aperta,

id. 25, 24:

apertus animi motus,

Quint. 10, 3, 21:

invidia in occulto, adulatio in aperto,

Tac. H. 4, 4 et saep.—So, in rhet., of clear, intelligible discourse:

multo apertius ad intellegendum est, si, etc.... apertam enim narrationem tam esse oportet quam, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 328; cf. id. Inv. 1, 20.—Hence,

Esp. as subst.: in aperto esse,

To be clear, evident, well known, notorious, en tôi phanerôi einai:

ad cognoscendum omnia illustria magis magisque in aperto,

Sall. J. 5, 3.—

To be easily practicable, easy, facile (the figure taken from an open field or space):

agere memoratu digna pronum magisque in aperto erat,

there was a greater inclination and a more open way to, Tac. Agr. 1:

hostes aggredi in aperto foret,

id. H. 3, 56:

vota virtusque in aperto omniaque prona victoribus,

id. Agr. 33.—

Of character, without dissimulation, open, frank, candid:

animus apertus et simplex,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9; id. Off. 3, 13, 57:

pectus,

id. Lael. 26, 97. —Hence, ironically: ut semper fuit apertissimus, as he has always been very open, frank (for impudent, shameless), Cic. Mur. 35.—Hence, ăpertē, adv., openly, clearly, plainly.

In gen.:

tam aperte irridens,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 62:

ab illo aperte tecte quicquid est datum, libenter accepi,

Cic. Att. 1, 14, 4; id. Or. 12, 38; id. Am. 18, 67:

cum Fidenae aperte descissent,

Liv. 1, 27:

aperte quod venale habet ostendit,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 83:

aperte revelari,

Vulg. 1 Reg. 2, 27:

non jam secretis colloquiis, sed aperte fremere,

Tac. A. 11, 28:

aperte adulari,

Cic. Am. 26, 99:

aperte mentiri,

id. Ac. 2, 6, 18:

aperte pugnare, id. ap. Aquil. Rom. 10: aperte immundus est,

Vulg. Lev. 13, 26.— Comp.:

cum ipsum dolorem hic tulit paulo apertius,

Cic. Planc. 34; id. Att. 16, 3, 5; Curt. 6, 1, 11:

ab his proconsuli venenum inter epulas datum est apertius quam ut fallerent,

Tac. A. 13, 1.— Sup.:

hinc empta apertissime praetura,

Cic. Verr. 1, 100:

equite Romano per te apertissime interfecto,

id. Har. Resp. 30:

largiri,

id. ib. 56:

praedari,

id. Verr. 1, 130.—

Esp. of what is set forth in words or writing, plainly, clearly, freely, without reserve:

nempe ergo aperte vis quae restant me loqui?

Ter. And. 1, 2, 24; id. Phorm. 4, 3, 49:

aperte indicat (lex) posse rationem habere non praesentis,

Cic. ad Brut. 1, 5, 3:

Non tu istuc mihi dictura aperte es, quicquid est?

Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 3:

narrare,

id. Heaut. 4, 3, 24:

scribere,

Cic. Fam. 5, 7, 3; Quint. 1, 5, 43.— Comp.:

Planius atque apertius dicam,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 43:

distinguere,

Quint. 3, 6, 45.— Sup.:

istius injurias quam apertissime vobis planissimeque explicare,

Cic. Verr. 2, 64, 156:

aliquid apertissime ostendere,

Quint. 5, 12, 11.

sĭtĭo, īvi or ĭi, 4, v. n. and a. [sitis].

Neutr., to thirst, be thirsty (class.).

Lit.:

ego esurio et sitio,

Plaut. Cas. 3, 6, 6; 4, 3, 4:

sitit haec anus,

id. Curc. 1, 2, 14:

in medio sitit flumine potans,

Lucr. 4, 1100:

ne homines sitirent,

Suet. Aug. 42.—With gen.:

cochleae cum sitiunt aëris,

Symm. Ep. 1, 27.—Prov.:

sitire mediis in undis,

i. e. to be poor in the midst of wealth, Ov. M. 9, 760.—

Transf. (esp. in the lang. of country people), of things (the earth, plants, etc.), to be dried up or parched, to want moisture:

siquidem est eorum (rusticorum) gemmare vites, sitire agros, laetas esse segetes, etc.,

Cic. Or. 24, 81; cf.:

sitire segetes,

Quint. 8, 6, 6: tosta sitit tellus, Ov. [p. 1713] F. 4, 940:

colles,

Front. Aquaed. 87; cf. infra, P. a.: aret ager;

vitio moriens sitit aëris herba,

Verg. E. 7, 57:

cum sitiunt herbae,

id. G. 4, 402:

arbores,

Plin. 17, 26, 40, § 249:

cacumina oleae,

id. 17, 14, 24, § 103 et saep.:

ipsi fontes jam sitiunt,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4, § 11:

nec pati sitire salgama,

to be dry, Col. 12, 9, 2.—

Act., to thirst after a thing (rare, but in the trop. signif. class.; cf.: cupio, desidero).

Lit.:

auriferum Tagum sitiam patriumque Salonem,

Mart. 10, 96, 3.— Pass.:

quo plus sunt potae, plus sitiuntur aquae,

are thirsted for, Ov. F. 1, 216:

umor quomodo sititur destillans,

Plin. 17, 2, 2, § 15.—

Trop., as in all langg., to long for, thirst for, desire eagerly, covet:

sanguinem nostrum sitiebat,

Cic. Phil. 2, 7, 20; cf. Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 148:

sanguinem,

Just. 1, 8 fin. (opp. satiare); Sen. Thyest. 103: cruorem, Poët. ap. Suet. Tib. 59; cf.:

sitit hasta cruores,

Stat. Th. 12, 595:

honores,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 3:

populus libertatem sitiens,

id. Rep. 1, 43, 66:

ultionem,

Val. Max. 7, 3 ext. 6; Vulg. Psa. 41, 3.—With gen.:

non quidem fallacis undae sitit, sed verae beatitudinis esurit et sitit,

App. de Deo Socr. 54, 27.—Hence, sĭtĭens, entis, P. a., thirsting, thirsty, athirst.

Lit.:

ut ipse ad portam sitiens pervenerim,

Cic. Pis. 25, 61:

quae (pocula) arenti sitientes hausimus ore,

Ov. M. 14, 277:

Tantalus,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 68:

viator,

Ov. Am. 3, 6, 97:

saecla ferarum,

Lucr. 5, 947:

sitienti aqua datur,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 23.—

Transf. (acc. to I. B.), of places, plants, etc., dry, parched, arid, without moisture (syn. aridus):

hortus,

Ov. P. 1, 8, 60.—By metonymy also, Afri, Verg. E. 1, 65:

olea,

Plin. 15, 3, 3, § 9:

luna,

i. e. cloudless, bright, id. 17, 9, 8, § 57; 17, 14, 24, § 112:

Canicula,

arid, parching, Ov. A. A. 2, 231.— Neutr. plur. absol.:

lonchitis nascitur in sitientibus,

in dry, arid places, Plin. 25, 11, 88, § 137; so,

in sitientibus aut siccis asperis,

id. 12, 28, 61, § 132.—With gen.:

sitientia Africae,

Plin. 10, 73, 94, § 201.—

Trop., thirsting for, desiring eagerly, greedy:

gravius ardentiusque sitiens,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 16:

(amator) avidus sitiensque,

Ov. R. Am. 247:

regna Ditis, Petr. poët. 121, 116: aures,

Cic. Att. 2, 14, 1.— Poet.:

modice sitiens lagena,

of moderate capacity, Pers. 3, 92.—With gen.:

virtutis,

Cic. Planc. 5, 13:

famae,

Sil. 3, 578:

pecuniae (with avarus et avidus),

Gell. 12, 2, 13:

sermonis,

Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 251.—Hence, adv.: sĭtĭenter, thirstily, eagerly, greedily (acc. to B.):

sitienter quid expetens,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 37; so,

incumbere hauriendis voluptatibus,

Lact. 2, 1, 3:

haurire salutares illas aquas,

App. M. 9, p. 218 fin.; 3, p. 135, 35.

sūdus, a, um, adj. [se-udus; cf.: sudum siccum quasi seudum id est sine udo, Fest. pp. 294 and 295 Müll.], without moisture, dry; and of the weather, cloudless, bright, clear (class.; cf. serenus).

Adj.: ventorum flamina suda, Lucil. ap. Non. 31, 19:

flamen venti,

Varr. ib. 234, 7:

ver,

Verg. G. 4, 77:

tempestas,

App. de Deo Socr. p. 42, 27:

splendor luminis,

id. M. 11, p. 260, 30:

cuncta specula vel uda vel suda videre,

id. Mag. p. 283, 37.—Adverb.:

sudum,

brightly, Prud. Cath. 7, 79.—

Subst.: sūdum, i, n., bright, clear weather:

cum sudum est,

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 2:

horologium mittam et libros, si erit sudum,

Cic. Fam. 16, 18, 3:

dum sudum est,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 35:

arma Per sudum rutilare vident,

Verg. A. 8, 529; Val. Fl. 2, 115.—

Somewhat moist = subudus;

ardentia viscera adhuc suda de sanguine,

Arn. 7, 3.

sūdus, a, um, adj. [se-udus; cf.: sudum siccum quasi seudum id est sine udo, Fest. pp. 294 and 295 Müll.], without moisture, dry; and of the weather, cloudless, bright, clear (class.; cf. serenus).

Adj.: ventorum flamina suda, Lucil. ap. Non. 31, 19:

flamen venti,

Varr. ib. 234, 7:

ver,

Verg. G. 4, 77:

tempestas,

App. de Deo Socr. p. 42, 27:

splendor luminis,

id. M. 11, p. 260, 30:

cuncta specula vel uda vel suda videre,

id. Mag. p. 283, 37.—Adverb.:

sudum,

brightly, Prud. Cath. 7, 79.—

Subst.: sūdum, i, n., bright, clear weather:

cum sudum est,

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 2:

horologium mittam et libros, si erit sudum,

Cic. Fam. 16, 18, 3:

dum sudum est,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 35:

arma Per sudum rutilare vident,

Verg. A. 8, 529; Val. Fl. 2, 115.—

Somewhat moist = subudus;

ardentia viscera adhuc suda de sanguine,

Arn. 7, 3.