-
81 ob-ligō
ob-ligō āvī, ātus, āre, to bind up, bandage, swathe: volnus: bracchia, T.—Fig., to bind, oblige, put under obligation, make liable: eum militiae sacramento, swear in again: vadem tribus milibus aeris, bind in the sum of, L.: alquem tuā liberalitate tibi, bind to yourself: me vobis obligavit fortuna, quod, etc., L.: obligatus ei nihil eram, was under no obligation to him: Prometheus obligatus aliti, devoted, H.: obligatam redde Iovi dapem, vowed, H.: Obligor, ut tangam litora Ponti, am compelled, O.—To render liable through guilt, make guilty: anili superstitione obligari, be guilty of.— To pledge, mortgage: fortunas suas: obligata praedia: fidem meam, to pledge my word. —To impede, restrain, embarrass: iudicio obligatum esse. -
82 porrigō
porrigō ( plur 2d pers. porgite, V.: p. praes. porgens, C.), rēxī, rēctus, ere [por (i. e. pro)+rego], to stretch out, spread out, put forth, reach out, extend: aciem latius, S.: animal membra porrigit: crus, L.: caelo bracchia, O.: expressa psephismata porrigendā manu, by raising hands: per tota novem cui iugera corpus Porrigitur, extends, V.: brumalīs horas, lengthen, O.— To lay at length, stretch out: in spatium ingens ruentem porrexit hostem, L.— To hold forth, reach out, extend, offer, present, hand: mihi dextram: gladium nobis ad hominem occidendum: mihi forsan, tibi quod negarit, Porriget hora, H.—Prov.: maritali porrigere ora capistro, present his head to the marriage halter, Iu.—With manūs, to reach after, strive for, seek to obtain: ad pecora nostra avaras manūs, Cu.: pecunia deesse coepit, neque quo manūs porrigeret suppetebat, N.—With se, to extend, reach, grow: Quis gradus ulterior, tua quo se porrigat ira, Restat? O.— To prolong, extend: syllabam, O.* * *porrigere, porrexi, porrectus Vstretch out, extend -
83 prēnsō
prēnsō āvī, ātus, āre, freq. [prehendo], to grasp, seize, catch, lay hold of: manu bracchia, H.: forcipe ferrum, V.: prensantes effugit umbra manūs, O.— To take hold of, catch, hold, check, detain, stop: prensantes veteranos cicatrices numerabant, L.— To sue for office, canvass: prensat Galba, is a candidate: patres, solicit, L.* * *prensare, prensavi, prensatus V TRANSgrasp/clutch at/constantly; lay hold of; accost/buttonhole; canvass, solicit -
84 prō-tendō
prō-tendō —, tus, ere, to stretch forth, stretch, reach out, extend: hastas, V.: bracchia In mare, O.: ire in protenta tela, O.—In zeugma: oculos dextramque precantem, i. e. lifting eyes and hands in supplication, V. -
85 re-ligō
re-ligō āvī, ātus, āre, to bind back, fasten up, bind fast: (Prometheus) religatus asperis Vinctusque saxis, C. poët.: (Andromeda) ad duras religata bracchia cautes, O.: in comptum comas religata nodum, H.: religatis post tergum manibus, Cu.: navem ferreis manibus iniectis, fastened with grappling-irons, Cs.: captivus religatā ad pinnam muri reste suspensus, L.: religatos videbat Carpere gramen equos, tethered, V.: capillum in vertice, Ta.: catenā religari, O.—Of ships, to fasten, moor: navīs ad terram, Cs.: ab aggere classem, V.: religata in litore pinus, O.—To unbind, loosen: Cybele religat iuga manu, Ct.—Fig., to bind, fasten, chain, fetter: (prudentia) extrinsecus religata, bound to external things. -
86 re-mittō
re-mittō mīsī, missus, ere, to let go back, send back, despatch back, drive back, cause to return: mulieres Romam: paucos in regnum, Cs.: partem legionum in sua castra, Cs.: librum tibi: pila intercepta, hurl back, Cs.: tractum de corpore telum, O.: cogebat (equos) calces remittere, i. e. kick, N. —To send forth, give out, yield, emit, produce: Ut melius muriā, quod testa marina remittit, H.: nec umenti sensit tellure remitti (nebulas), O.: umorem ex se, V.: quod baca remisit olivae, H.—In law, with nuntium or repudium, to send a letter of divorce, dissolve marriage: uxori nuntium: repudium alteri (uxori), T.—To let go back, loosen, slacken, relax: ramulum adductum, ut remissus esset, in oculum suum recidisse: habenas: frena, O.: vinclis remissis, O.: bracchia, i. e. let fall, V.: mella calor liquefacta remittit, melts, V.— Intrans, to decrease, relax, abate: si forte ventus remisisset, Cs.: pestilentia, L.: cum remiserant dolores pedum.—Fig., to send back, give back, return, restore: vocem nemora remittunt, V.: totidemque remisit Verba locus, O.: sonum acutum, H.: vestrum vobis beneficium, Cs.: hanc veniam cumulatam morte remittam, will repay, V.—To give up, reject, yield, resign, grant, concede. opinionem animo: si quid ab omnibus conceditur, id reddo ac remitto: remittentibus tribunis, comitia sunt habita, etc., yielding, L.: omnia tibi ista: quod natura remittit, Invida iura negant, O.: memoriam simultatium patriae, sacrifice, L.: Erycis tibi terga remitto, I give up, if you will, V.: suarum quoque rerum illis remisso honore, i. e. ascribed the honor to them, L.: ius, abandon their claim, L.: te mihi remittere atque concedere, ut consumerem, etc. Sed mora damnosa est nec res dubitare <*>emittit, permits, O. —To slacken, relax, relieve, release, abate, remit. omnes sonorum gradūs: per dies festos animum, L.: se, N.: ab religione animos, L.: superioris temporis contentionem, Cs.: diligentiam in perdiscendo, Cs.: studia remissa temporibus: belli opera, L.: pugnam, S.: urguent tamen et nihil remittunt: cum se furor ille remisit, O.: horam de meis legitimis horis: aliquid ex pristinā virtute, Cs.: nihil ex arrogantiā, Ta.: de tributo remiserunt, L.: fortissimis remittere de summā.—To cease, refrain, omit: remittas iam me onerare iniuriis, T.: quid ubique hostis ageret, explorare, S.: Quid Cantabar cogitet, Quaerere, H.—To give free course, leave unrestrained: animi appetitūs, qui tum remitterentur, tum continerentur.—Of a penalty, to remit, pardon, remove, abate, grant exemption from: multam: poenam tibi, L.: sibi poenam magistri equitum, remit at their intercession, L.: pecunias, quas erant in publicum polliciti, Cs. -
87 re-torqueō
re-torqueō sī, tus, ēre, to twist back, turn back, throw back: caput in sua terga (anguis), O.: ora ad os Phoebi, O.: oculos ad urbem: tergo bracchia, H.: manibus retortis, H.: pantherae terga, to throw around, V.: retortis Litore violenter undis, thrown back, H.: missilia in hostem, Cu.: retorqueri agmen ad dextram conspexerunt, wheeled back, Cs.—Fig., to change, alter: mentem, V. -
88 saucius
saucius adj., wounded, hurt: graviter: sauciorum modo habitā ratione, Cs.: homines: Bracchia direptā saucia fecit acu, O.—Smitten, injured, enfeebled, ill, sick, distempered: gladiator: (tellus) nec ullis Saucia vomeribus, torn, O.: malus celeri saucius Africo, H.: glacies inserto saucia sole, melted, O.—Fig., wounded, smitten: Medea amore saucia: regina gravi saucia curā, V.: vir Pieriā paelice, H.: ipse e nostro igne, O.—Wounded, hurt, offended, injured: animus.* * *saucia, saucium ADJwounded; ill, sick -
89 sēdulus
sēdulus adj. [SED-], persistent, busy, diligent, industrious, zealous, careful, unremitting, solicitous, assiduous, sedulous: eloquentes videbare, non sedulos velle conquirere, orators, not those who labor at oratory: Exanimat lentus spectator, sedulus inflat, H.: Baucis, O.: mater, Ph.: Sedula fune viri contento bracchia lassant, O.— Officious, obtrusive: Ne odium libellis Sedulus importes minister, H.: male sedula nutrix, O.* * *sedula, sedulum ADJattentive, painstaking, sedulous -
90 solvō
solvō solvī (soluit, Ct.; soluisse, Tb.), solūtus, ere [2 se+luo], to loosen, unbind, unfasten, unfetter, untie, release: iube solvi (eum), T.: ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt: ita nexi soluti (sunt), L.: Solvite me, pueri, V.: quo modo solvantur (nodi), Cu.: solve capillos, untie, O.: crines, let down, O.: terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae, i. e. thawed, H.: Solve senescentem equum, i. e. from service, H.: talibus ora solvit verbis, freely opens, O.: Solvite vela, unfurl, V.— To detach, remove, part, disengage, free: ancorā solutā (i. e. a litore): classis retinacula solvi iussit, O.: teque isto corpore solvo, V.: partūs, to bring forth, O.—Of ships, to free from land, set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart: navīs solvit, Cs.: primis tenebris solverat navem, L.: cum foedere solvere navīs, O.: navīs a terrā solverunt, Cs.: ab Corintho solvere navīs, L.: tertia fere vigiliā solvit (sc. navem), Cs.: nos eo die cenati solvimus: a Brundusio solvit, L.: Alexandriā solvisse: portu solventes.— To untie, unfasten, unlock, unseal, open: ille pharetram Solvit, uncovered, O.: solutā epistulā, N.: solutis fasciis, Cu.— To take apart, disintegrate, disunite, dissolve, separate, break up, scatter, dismiss: ubi ordines procursando solvissent, L.: agmina Diductis solvēre choris, V.: solvit maniplos, Iu.: coetuque soluto Discedunt, O.: urbem solutam reliquerunt, disorganized: si solvas ‘Postquam discordia tetra’... Invenias, etc., H.— To relax, benumb, make torpid, weaken: ima Solvuntur latera, V.: pennā metuente solvi, i. e. unflagging, H.: illi solvuntur frigore membra, V.: corpora somnus Solverat, O.: somno vinoque solutos, O.: Solvitur in somnos, V.— To loosen, break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, scatter: omne conligatum solvi potest: solvere navīs et rursus coniungere, Cu.: membra ratis, O.— To dissolve, melt, turn, change: nives solvere, melt, O.: (vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem, V.—Of fastenings, to loose, remove, cancel, untie, unlock: nullo solvente catenas, O.: Frenum solvit, Ph.: Solvitur acris hiemps, H.: a corpore bracchia, relaxes his hold, O.: crinalīs vittas, V.: vinculum epistulae, Cu.—Fig., to free, set free, release, loose, emancipate, relieve, exempt: linguam ad iurgia, O.: cupiditates suas, Cu.: Bassanitas obsidione, L.: ut religione civitas solvatur: Vopiscus, solvatur legibus, be exempted: petente Flacco ut legibus solveretur, L.: ut is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solvat, release the testamentary heirs: reus Postumus est eā lege... solutus ac liber, i. e. the law does not apply to: solutus Legibus insanis, H.: vos curis ceteris, T.: solvent formidine terras, V.: Vita solutorum miserā ambitione, H.: longo luctu, V.: calices quem non fecere Contractā in paupertate solutum? i. e. from cares, H.: ego somno solutus sum, awoke.— To acquit, absolve, cleanse, relieve: ut scelere solvamur, be held guiltless: hunc scelere solutum periculo liberavit: Sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei, O.— To relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe (poet.): solvatur fronte senectus (i. e. frons rugis solvatur), be cleared, H.: arctum hospitiis animum, H.—Of ties, obligations, or authority, to remove, cancel, destroy, efface, make void, annul, overthrow, subvert, violate, abolish: solutum coniugium, Iu.: nec coniugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus, O.: culpa soluta mea est, O.: quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia conruperat, S.: solvendarum legum principium (i. e. dissolvendarum), Cu.: disciplinam militarem, subvert, L.: pactique fide data munera solvit, i. e. took back, O.— To loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse, dissolve, destroy: plebis vis soluta atque dispersa, S.: senectus quae solvit omnia, L.: nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae, H.: hoc firmos solvit amores, O.— To end, remove, relieve, soothe: ieiunia granis, O.: Curam Dulci Lyaeo, H.: corde metum, V.: pudorem, V.: solutam cernebat obsidionem, the siege raised, L.: Solventur risu tabulae (see tabula), H.— To accomplish, fulfil, complete, keep (of funeral ceremonies, vows, and promises): omnia paterno funeri iusta, finish the burial rites: iustis defunctorum corporibus solutis, Cu.: exsequiis rite solutis, V.: vota, fulfil: Vota Iovi, O.: solvisti fidem, you have kept your promise, T.: Esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, i. e. your pledge (to be mine through life), O.— To solve, explain, remove: quā viā captiosa solvantur, i. e. are refuted: Carmina non intellecta, O.: nodos iuris, Iu.—Of debts, to fulfil, pay, discharge, pay off: hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas, settled: Castricio pecuniam iam diu debitam, a debt of long standing: ex quā (pensione) maior pars est ei soluta: rem creditori populo solvit, L.: ut creditae pecuniae solvantur, Cs.: debet vero, solvitque praeclare.—Of persons, to make payment, pay: cuius bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt: ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis: pro vecturā: tibi quod debet ab Egnatio, pay by a draft on Egnatius: numquam vehementius actum est quam ne solveretur, to stop payments: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno res p. esset, able to pay its debt, L.; hence the phrase, solvendo esse, to be solvent: solvendo non erat, was insolvent: cum solvendo civitates non essent: ne videatur non fuisse solvendo.—Of money or property, to pay, pay over, hand over (for pecuniā rem or debitum solvere): emi: pecuniam solvi: pro quo (frumento) pretium, L.: quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur: arbitria funeris, the expenses of the funeral: Dona puer solvit, paid the promised gifts, O.: HS CC praesentia, in cash: legatis pecuniam pro frumento, L.—Of a penalty, to accomplish, fulfil, suffer, undergo: iustae et debitae poenae solutae sunt: capite poenas, S.: meritas poenas solvens, Cu.* * *solvere, solvi, solutus Vloosen, release, unbind, untie, free; open; set sail; scatter; pay off/back -
91 spatior
spatior ātus, ārī, dep. [spatium], to spread abroad, spread out, expand: spatiantia Bracchia, O.: spatiantes alae, spreading wings, O.— To go about, take a walk, walk about, promenade: in xysto: Aggere in aprico, H.: summā harenā, O. — To walk, march along, stride, go, proceed: ad aras, V.: lato arvo, O.* * *spatiari, spatiatus sum V DEPtake a walk, promenade -
92 tēla
tēla ae, f [TEC-], a web: Texens telam, T.: telam retexens: tenui telas discreverat auro, V.: adsiduis exercet bracchia telis, O.: plena domus telarum: cum totā descendat aranea telā, Iu.— The warp: licia telae Addere, V.: stantis percurrens stamina telae, O.— A loom: geminas intendunt stamine telas, O.: Stamina suspendit telā, O.—Fig., a web, plan: tela texitur ea, ut, etc.* * *web; warp (threads that run lengthwise in the loom) -
93 tendō (old also tennō）
tendō (old also tennō） tetendī, tentus, or (late) tēnsus, ere [2 TA-], to stretch, make tense, stretch out, spread out, distend, extend: plagas: quia non rete accipitri tennitur, T.: retia cervis, O.: arcum, keep bent, H.: tendere doctior arcūs, O.: vela, swell, V.: cubilia, spread, H.: tenta ubera, distended, H.—Of tents, to spread out, pitch, erect: praetorium, Cs.— To stretch out, present, offer, reach, extend: manūs ad templa: bracchia caelo, O.: ad legatos supplices manūs, Cs.: vobis manūs: supinas manūs, L.: dexteram Italiae, reaches: civibus lucem ingeni sui, to tender: patri Iulum, hold out, V.— To aim, direct, shoot, drive: Quo tendant ferrum, V.: sagittas Arcu, H.: spicula cornu, V. — To string, tune: barbiton, H.—Fig., to lay, contrive, devise: insidiae tenduntur alicui, are laid.— To press, strain: ultra Legem tendere opus, i. e. press to extravagance, H.: Aestivam sermone benigno noctem, protract, H.—Of a way or course, to direct, pursue, turn, wend: iter ad naves, V.: unde et quo cursum, L.— To direct oneself, hold a course, aim, strive, go, move, march, drive, tend, bend: Venusiam: cursuque amens ad limina tendit, V.: ad castra, L.: unde venis? et Quo tendis? H.— To extend, stretch, reach: (via), quae sub moenia tendit, V.— To set up tents, be under tents, be encamped, encamp: sub vallo, Cs.: legio latis tendebat in arvis, V.: in angusto, L.: laxius, Cu.— Fig., to aim, strive, be directed, be inclined, tend: ad reliqua alacri animo: ad altiora, L.: ad eloquium, O.: cum alii alio tenderent, L.: Non dices, quorsum haec tendant, tend, H.— To be persistent, make exertion, exert oneself, strive, endeavor, contend, struggle: miles tendere inde ad iurgium, persists, T.: vasto certamine tendunt, V.: videt Catilinam magnā vi tendere, S.: patres, adversus quos tenderet, L.: senatu minus in praeturā tendente, making less opposition in the case of the praetorship, L.: quid tendit? cum efficere non possit, ut, etc., what does he strive for?: nihil illi tendere contra, V.: manibus tendit divellere nodos, V.: Ire foras tendebat frustra, H.: captae civitati leges imponere, L.: aqua tendit rumpere plumbum, H. -
94 torrēns
torrēns entis, adj. with comp. [P. of torreo], burning, hot, inflamed: (miles) meridiano sole, L.: flammae, V.—Of streams, rushing, roaring, boiling, impetuous, rapid: flumina, V.: aqua, V. —As subst m., a torrent: fertur quasi torrens oratio: quā tenui tum aquā interfluebat torrens, L.: rapidus, V.: tumidus, O.—Prov.: numquam direxit bracchia contra Torrentem, Iu.—Fig., impetuous, rapid. sermo Isaeo torrentior, Iu.* * *I(gen.), torrentis ADJburning hot; rushing; torrentialIItorrent, rushing stream -
95 vellō
vellō —, —, ere [2 VEL-], to pluck, pull, tear away, pull out: poma, Tb.: caudae pilos equinae, H.: tot spicula, V.: ut signa, take up, L.: postīs a cardine, V.: capillos a stirpe, Pr.: castris signa, V.: Unguibus herbas, O.: hastam de caespite, V. —To pull down, tear down, destroy: vallum, L.: munimenta, L.—To pull, twitch, pluck: aurem, V.: vellere coepi Et prensare bracchia, H.* * *Ivellere, velli, vulsus V TRANSpluck/pull/tear out; extract; pull hair/plants; uproot; depilitate; demolishIIvellere, volsi, volsus V TRANSpluck/pull/tear out; extract; pull hair/plants; uproot; depilitate; demolishIIIvellere, vulsi, vulsus V TRANSpluck/pull/tear out; extract; pull hair/plants; uproot; depilitate; demolish -
96 brasse
f. (lat. bracchia, plur. de bracchium, fém. collectif en lat. pop.) 1. разтег (дължината на двете ръце в обтегнато положение; 2. стара английска мярка за дължина, равна на 5 стъпки (160 см); 3. бруст, вид плуване; nager la brasse плувам бруст; 4. мор. мярка за дълбочина (около 1,60 метра). Ќ brasse papillon бътерфлай ( стил в плуването). -
97 Обернуть,
обёртывать - torquere (vestem circum bracchia); circumplicare; convolvere; -
98 ac
atque or āc (atque is used before vowels and consonants, ac, in class. lang., only before consonants; v. infra, I.), conj. [at has regularly in the compound atque a continuative, as in atqui it has an adversative force; pr. and further, and besides, and also; cf. in Gr. pros de, pros de eti, eti kai, eti de, and te kai; v. at init., and for the change of form atque, ac, cf. neque, nec; in MSS. and inscriptions sometimes written adque, and sometimes by confusion atqui ], a copulative particle, and also, and besides, and even, and (indicating a close internal connection between single words or whole clauses; while et designates an external connection of diff. objects with each other, v. et; syn.: et, -que, autem, praeterea, porro, ad hoc, ad haec).I.In joining single words, which is its most common use.A.In gen. (The following representation is based on a collection of all the instances of the use of atque and ac in Cic. Imp. Pomp., Phil. 2, Tusc. 1, and Off. 1; in Caes. B. G. 1 and 2; in Sall. C.; and in Liv. 21; and wherever in the account either author or work is not cited, there atque or ac does not occur.)1.The form atque.a.Before vowels and h. —Before a (very freq.):b.sociorum atque amicorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; id. Phil. 2, 13, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 34, 122; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; 1, 18; 1, 26; 2, 14; Sall. C. 5, 8; 7, 5; Liv. 21, 3; 21, 12.—Before e (very freq.):deposci atque expeti,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 5; 6, 16; 10, 28; id. Phil, 2, 21, 51; 2, 21, 52; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; Caes. B. G. 1, 6; 1, 15; 1, 18; 2, 19; Sall. C. 14, 6; 49, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 37.—Before i (very freq.):excitare atque inflammare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; 7, 18; id. Phil. 2, 15, 37; 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; 1, 40, 97; Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 1, 20; 1, 22; 2, 1 bis; Sall. C. 2, 3; 3, 5; 14, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 6; 21, 10.—Before o (freq. in Cic.):honestissimus atque ornatissimus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17; 8, 21; 11, 31; id. Off. 1, 25, 86; 1, 27, 94; Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 14; Sall. C. 10, 6; Liv. 21, 8.—Before u (very rare), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7; 5, 11; 6, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 2, 20; Sall. C. 31, 6; 42, 1.—Before h (not infreq.):Sertorianae atque Hispaniensis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 24, 87; Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 2, 9; 2, 10; Sall. C. 6, 1; 12, 2; Liv. 21, 37.—Before consonants.—Before b (very rare):2.Gallorum atque Belgarum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; so,Cassius atque Brutus,
Tac. A. 3, 76.—Before c (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Sall.):in portubus atque custodiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 16; 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 8, 18; id. Tusc. 1, 18, 42; id. Off. 1, 25, 88; Sall. C. 2, 3; 7, 4; 16, 3; 26, 4; 29, 3.—Before d (infreq.):superatam esse atque depressam,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 44, 114: id. Off. 1, 6, 19; 1, 25, 85; 1, 33, 119; Sall. C. 4, 1; 20, 7; 20, 10.—Before f (infreq.):vitiis atque flagitiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 30, 72; id. Off. 1, 28, 98; 1, 28, 100; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; Sall. C. 1, 4; 2, 9; 11, 2.— Before g (very rare):dignitate atque gloria,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 11; 5, 12:virtute atque gloria,
Sall. C. 3, 2; 61, 9.—Before j (very rare):labore atque justitia,
Sall. C. 10, 1; 29, 3.—Before l (rare):hilari atque laeto,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 100; id. Off. 1, 19, 64; Sall. C. 14, 3; 21, 2; 28, 4.—Before m (infreq. in Cic., once in Caes.):multae atque magnae,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 17, 50; id. Phil. 2, 39, 100; id. Off. 1, 29, 103; 1, 31, 110; Caes. B. G. 1, 34; Sall. C. 18, 4; 31, 7; 34, 1; 51, 1.—Before n (infreq.):adventu atque nomine,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13; 20, 60; id. Off. 1, 28, 101; Sall. C. 2, 2 bis. —Before p (infreq. in Cic.):magna atque praeclara,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 11, 31; 16, 48; id. Off. 1, 44, 156; Sall. C. 4, 1; 4, 4; 16, 2; 20, 3.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (rare):se conlegit atque recreavit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 58.— Before s (rare in Cic.):provinciarum atque sociorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 24, 71; id. Off. 1, 9, 30; 1, 21, 72; Sall. C. 2, 5; 2, 7; 6, 1.— Before t (infreq.):parietum atque tectorum,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69; id. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. Off. 1, 35, 126; Sall. C. 42, 2; 50, 3; 51, 38.—Before v (infreq.):gravis atque vehemens,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 9, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 23, 54; Sall. C. 1, 1; 12, 3; 45, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 30.—The form ac before consonants.—Before b (very rare):B.sentientes ac bene meritos,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 149:feri ac barbari,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31 and 33.—Before c (very rare):liberis ac conjugibus,
Liv. 21, 30:Romae ac circa urbem,
id. 21, 62.—Before d (freq. in Cic.):periculum ac discrimen,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12; 9, 23; 12, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 40; 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 14, 42:usus ac disciplina,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 31; Sall. C. 5, 4; 5, 8; 28, 1; Liv. 21, 10; 21, 18; 21, 19.—Before f (infreq.):opima est ac fertilis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; 1, 27, 66; id. Off. 1, 29, 103:potentissimos ac firmissimos,
Caes. B. G. 1, 3; 1, 48; 2, 12;2, 13: pessuma ac flagitiosissima,
Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 17; 21, 20.—Before g (does not occur).—Before j (very rare):nobilitatis ac juventutis,
Cic. Phil. 2, 15, 37.—Before l (not infreq. in Liv.), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 9; 23, 66; id. Phil. 2, 22, 54; Caes. B. G. 1, 12; 1, 23; 2, 23; Liv. 21, 13; 21, 14; 21, 35.—Before m (not infreq. in Cic.):terrore ac metu,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 18, 54 bis; 20, 59; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 95; id. Off. 1, 30, 106; Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 2, 14; Sall. C. 2, 4; 10, 1; Liv. 21, 8; 21, 60.—Before n (not infreq. in Cic.):insedit ac nimis inveteravit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:gentes ac nationes,
id. ib. 11, 31; 12, 35 bis; id. Phil. 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48; Caes. B. G. 1, 20; 2, 28; Liv. 21, 32.—Before p (not infreq. in Cic., Caes., and Liv.):celeberrimum ac plenissimum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; 12, 35; 13, 36; id. Phil. 2, 15, 39; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 41; id. Off. 1, 20, 68; Caes. B. G. 1, 18; 1, 20; 2, 13; 2, 19; Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 25; 21, 34; 21, 35.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (infreq.):firmamenti ac roboris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 8, 21; 15, 45; id. Off. 1, 5, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; Liv. 21, 41; 21, 44.—Before s (freq. in Cic. and Liv., infreq. in Caes.):vectigalibus ac sociis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4; 4, 10; 11, 30; id. Phil. 2, 27, 66; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; 1, 31; 1, 33; 2, 24; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 33 bis; 21, 36.—Before t (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Liv.):tantis rebus ac tanto bello,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 27 bis; 19, 56; 20, 59; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 1, 39; 2, 6; Liv. 21, 7 ter; 21, 10; 21, 14; 21, 25.—Before v (not in Cic., only once in Caes. and Sall., but freq. in Liv.):armatos ac victores,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:inconsulte ac veluti etc.,
Sall. C. 42, 2:opera ac vineae,
Liv. 21, 7; 21, 22; 21, 40; 21, 43. —(So in the phrases treated below: atque adeo, atque alter or alius, atque eccum, atque eo, atque etiam, atque illuc, atque is or hic, atque iterum, atque omnia, atque ut, atque late, atque sic, atque velut, but ac ne, ac si, and ac tamen).—With simul:Britannorum acies in speciem simul ac terrorem editioribus locis constiterat,
Tac. Agr. 35:in se simul atque in Herculem,
id. G. 34:suos prosequitur simul ac deponit,
id. ib. 30; so,sociis pariter atque hostibus,
id. H. 4, 73:innocentes ac noxios juxta cadere,
id. A. 1, 48.—Hence, sometimes syn. with et—et, ut—ita, aeque ac; both—and, as—so, as well—as, as well as: hodie sero ac nequiquam [p. 190] voles, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103 (cf. Cic. Quinct. 25, 79:verum et sero et nequidquam pudet): copia sententiarum atque verborum,
Cic. Cael. 19, 45:omnia honesta atque inhonesta,
Sall. C. 30, 4:nobiles atque ignobiles,
id. ib. 20, 7:caloris ac frigoris patientia par,
Liv. 21, 4; 6, 41; Vell. 2, 127:vir bonus et prudens dici delector ego ac tu,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32.—Esp.a.In a hendiadys:b.utinam isto animo atque virtute in summa re publica versari quam in municipali maluisset,
with this virtuous feeling, Cic. Leg. 3, 16, 36:de conplexu ejus ac sinu,
of his bosom embrace, id. Cat. 2, 10, 22:me eadem, quae ceteros, fama atque invidia vexabat, i. e. invidiosa fama,
Sall. C. 3 fin.:clamore atque adsensu,
shout of applause, Liv. 21, 3.—In joining to the idea of a preceding word one more important, and indeed, and even, and especially (v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 4, 3).(α).Absol.: Pa. Nempe tu istic ais esse erilem concubinam? Sc. Atque arguo me etc., yea and I maintain that I etc., Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 66: Ph. Tun vidisti? Sc. Atque his quidem oculis, id. ib. 2, 4, 15: Ps. Ecquid habet is homo aceti in pectore? Ch. Atque acidissimi, id. Ps. 2, 4, 49; so id. Bacch. 3, 6, 9; id. Men. 1, 2, 40: Py. Cognoscitne (ea)? Ch. Ac memoriter, Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 6:(β).Faciam boni tibi aliquid pro ista re ac lubens,
and with a good will, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 15:rem difficilem (dii immortales) atque omnium difficillimam,
and indeed, Cic. Or. 16, 52:magna diis immortalibus habenda est gratia atque huic ipsi Jovi Statori, etc.,
and especially, id. Cat. 1, 5, 11:hebeti ingenio atque nullo,
and in fact, id. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:ex plurimis periculis et insidiis atque ex media morte,
and even, id. Cat. 4, 9:fratre meo atque eodem propinquo suo interfecto,
and at the same time, Sall. J. 14, 11:intra moenia atque in sinu urbis,
id. C. 52, 35.—With adeo, and that too, and even:(γ).intra moenia atque adeo in senatu,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5:qui in urbe remanserunt atque adeo qui contra urbis salutem etc.,
id. ib. 2, 12, 27:insto atque urgeo, insector, posco atque adeo flagito crimen,
id. Planc. 19 fin.:non petentem atque adeo etiam absentem,
Liv. 10, 5.—And with autem also added:atque adeo autem quor etc.,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 42.—With etiam:(δ).id jam populare atque etiam plausibile factum est,
and also, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 3, 8:ne Verginio commeatum dent atque etiam in custodia habeant,
Liv. 3, 46.—With the dem. pron. hic, is:II.negotium magnum est navigare atque id mense Quintili,
and besides, and that, and that too, Cic. Att. 5, 12; 1, 14:maximis defixis trabibus atque eis praeacutis,
Caes. B. C. 1, 27:Asseres pedum XII. cuspidibus praefixis atque hi maximis ballistis missi,
id. ib. 2, 2:duabus missis subsidio cohortibus a Caesare, atque his primis legionum duarum,
id. B. G. 5, 15; id. B. C. 3, 70:flumen uno omnino loco pedibus atque hoc aegre transiri potest,
id. B. G. 5, 18:ad celeritatem onerandi subductionesque paulo facit humiliores... atque id eo magis, quod, etc.,
id. ib. 5, 1; cf. without id (perh. to avoid the repetition of the pron.): qua (sc. virtute) nostri milites facile superabant, atque eo magis, quod, etc., and that the more because etc., id. ib. 3, 8 fin.:dicendi artem apta trepidatione occultans atque eo validior,
Tac. H. 1, 69; 2, 37; id. A. 4, 22; 4, 46.—In comparisons.A.Of equality (Rudd. II. p. 94; Zumpt, § 340); with par, idem, item, aequus, similis, juxta, talis, totidem, etc., as: et nota, quod ex hujus modi structura Graeca (sc. homoios kai, etc.) frequenter Latini ac et atque in significatione similitudinis accipiunt, Prisc. pp. 1192 and 1193 P.; cf. Gell. 10, 29; Lidd. and Scott, s. v. kai, III.:B.si parem sententiam hic habet ac formam,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 36: quom opulenti loquuntur pariter atque ignobiles, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4:Ecastor pariter hoc atque alias res soles,
Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 52:pariter nunc opera me adjuves ac re dudum opitulata es,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 3:neque enim mihi par ratio cum Lucilio est ac tecum fuit,
Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 3:parique eum atque illos imperio esse jussit,
Nep. Dat. 3, 5:magistrum equitum pari ac dictatorem imperio fugavit,
id. Hann. 5, 3:pariter patribus ac plebi carus,
Liv. 2, 33: nam et vita est eadem et animus te erga idem ac fuit, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 24:In hanc argumentationes ex eisdem locis sumendae sunt atque in causam negotialem,
Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 70:equi quod alii sunt ad rem militarem idonei, alii ad vecturam... non item sunt spectandi atque habendi,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 15; id. L. L. 10, § 74 Mull.:cum ex provincia populi Romani aequam partem tu tibi sumpseris atque populo Romano miseris,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19:Modo ne in aequo (jure) hostes apud vos sint ac nos socii,
Liv. 39, 37 (exs. with aeque; v. aeque, d); Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 83 fin.:et simili jure tu ulcisceris patrui mortem atque ille persequeretur fratris sui, si, etc.,
id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 1, 4; id. Agr. 1, 4 fin.:similem pavorem inde ac fugam fore, ac bello Gallico fuerit,
Liv. 6, 28; Col. 5, 7, 3:contendant, se juxta hieme atque aestate bella gerere posse,
Liv. 5, 6; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 1, 54, 9:faxo eum tali mactatum, atque hic est, infortunio,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 39; Cic. Vatin. 4, 10:cum totidem navibus atque erat profectus,
Nep. Milt. 7, 4.—Of difference; with alius and its derivv., with dissimile, contra, contrarius, secus, etc., than:C.illi sunt alio ingenio atque tu,
other than, different from, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 35 al.; v. the passages under alius, I. B. a:aliter tuum amorem atque est accipis,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 23 al.; v. the passages under aliter, 1. a.; cf.also aliorsum, II., and aliusmodi: quod est non dissimile atque ire in Solonium,
Cic. Att. 2, 3:simulacrum in excelso collocare et, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,
id. Cat. 3, 8, 20:vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,
id. Div. 2, 24 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 1, 46:qui versantur retro, contrario motu atque caelum,
id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:membra paulo secus a me atque ab illo partita,
id. de Or. 3, 30, 119:cujus ego salutem non secus ac meam tueri debeo,
id. Planc. 1 fin. al.; v. contra, contrarius, secus, etc.—Sometimes, in cases of equality or difference, atque with ut or ac with si (with aliter affirm. Cic. appears to connect only atque ut, not ac si;D.once, however, non aliter, ac si,
Cic. Att. 13, 51;v. aliter, 1. b.): pariter hoc fit atque ut alia facta sunt,
Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 11:nec fallaciam Astutiorem ullus fecit poeta atque Ut haec est fabre facta a nobis,
id. Cas. 5, 1, 6 sqq.:quod iste aliter atque ut edixerat decrevisset,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46:et qui suos casus aliter ferunt atque ut auctores aliis ipsi fuerunt, etc.,
id. Tusc. 3, 30, 73:si mentionem fecerint, quo aliter ager possideretur atque ut ex legibus Juliis,
id. Att. 2, 18, 2; 16, 13, c; cf. Wopk. Lect. Tull. 1, 15, p. 118; Dig. 43, 13, 11:Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,
just as if, Cic. Fam. 13, 43:tu autem similiter facis ac si me roges, etc.,
id. N. D. 3, 3, 8:reliquis officiis, juxta ac si meus frater esset, sustentavit,
id. Post. Red. in Sen. 8, 20:quod dandum est amicitiae, large dabitur a me non secus ac si meus esset frater,
id. Mur. 4 fin.:haec sunt, tribuni, consilia vestra, non, hercule, dissimilia, ac si quis, etc.,
Liv. 5, 5 fin. al. —More rare with nimis, in partem, pro eo, etc.;E.in Plaut. also with mutare or demutare = aliud esse: nimis bellus, atque ut esse maxume optabam, locus,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 73:haud centensumam Partem dixi atque, otium rei si sit, possim expromere,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 168: sane quam pro eo ac debui graviter molesteque tuli, just as was my duty, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:debeo sperare, omnes deos, qui huic urbi praesident, pro eo mihi, ac mereor, relaturos gratiam esse,
Cic. Cat. 4, 2:pro eo, ac si concessum sit, concludere oportebit argumentationem,
id. Inv. 1, 32, 54:non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,
nearly the same as he, id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:neque se luna quoquam mutat atque uti exorta est semel,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 118:num quid videtur demutare atque ut quidem Dixi?
id. Mil. 4, 3, 37.—Sometimes the word indicating comparison (aeque, tantopere, etc.) is to be supplied from the connection (in the class. per. perh. used only once by Cassius in epist. style):F.nebula haud est mollis atque hujus est,
Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 21:quem esse amicum ratus sum atque ipsus sum mihi,
id. Bacch. 3, 6, 20:quae suco caret atque putris pumex,
Priap. 32, 7 (Mull., est putusque): digne ac mereor commendatus esse, Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13; Dig. 2, 14, 4; 19, 2, 54.—Poet. or in post-Aug. prose with comparatives (for quam), than:G.amicior mihi nullus vivit atque is est,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 56:non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 15 Ruhnk.:Illi non minus ac tibi Pectore uritur intimo Flamma,
Cat. 61, 172:haud minus ac jussi faciunt,
Verg. A. 3, 561:Non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 46 Bentl. and Heind. (cf. infra:nihilo plus accipias quam Qui nil portarit): qui peccas minus atque ego,
id. ib. 2, 7, 96:Artius atque hedera procera adstringitur ilex,
id. Epod. 15, 5; Suet. Caes. 14 Ruhnk. —In the comparison of two periods of time, most freq. with simul (v. examples under simul); ante- or post-class. with principio, statim:III.principio Atque animus ephebis aetate exiit,
as soon as, Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 40:judici enim, statim atque factus est, omnium rerum officium incumbit,
Dig. 21, 1, 25:quamvis, statim atque intercessit, mulier competierat,
ib. 16, 1, 24.—To connect a negative clause which explains or corrects what precedes; hence sometimes with potius (class.; in Cic. very freq., but rare in the poets), and not, and not rather.a.Absol.:b.Decipiam ac non veniam,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 6:si fidem habeat,... ac non id metuat, ne etc.,
id. Eun. 1, 2, 60:perparvam vero controversiam dicis, ac non eam, quae dirimat omnia,
Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 54:quasi nunc id agatur, quis ex tanta multitudine occiderit, ac non hoc quaeratur, eum, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 33:si (mundum) tuum ac non deorum immortalium domicilium putes, nonne plane desipere videare?
id. N. D. 2, 6, 17:nemo erat, qui illum reum ac non miliens condemnatum arbitraretur,
id. Att. 1, 16:si hoc dissuadere est, ac non disturbare ac pervertere,
id. Agr. 2, 37, 101:si res verba desideraret ac non pro se ipsa loqueretur,
id. Fam. 3, 2 fin.: hoc te exspectare tempus tibi turpe est ac non ei rei sapientia tua te occurrere, Serv. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6:velut destituti ac non qui ipsi destituissent,
Liv. 8, 27; 7, 3 fin.:si mihi mea sententia proferenda ac non disertissimorum,
Tac. Or. 1.—With potius:IV.Quam ob rem scriba deducet, ac non potius mulio, qui advexit?
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79 (B. and K., et):quis (eum) ita aspexit, ut perditum civem, ac non potius ut importunissimum hostem?
id. Cat. 2, 6, 12.— Pliny the elder commonly employs in this sense atque non, not ac non:concremasse ea (scrinia) optuma fide atque non legisse,
Plin. 7, 25, 26, § 94; 22, 24, 50, § 108; 29, 2, 9, § 29; 27, 9, 55, § 78; 31, 7, 39, § 73 et saep. —In connecting clauses and beginning periods.1.In gen., and, and so, and even, and too: Pamph. Antiquam adeo tuam venustatem obtines. Bacch. Ac tu ecastor morem antiquom atque ingenium obtines, And you too, Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 20:2.atque illi (philosopho) ordiri placet etc.,
Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 183: Africanus indigens mei? Minime hercle. Ac ne ego quidem illius, And I indeed not, etc., id. Lael. 9, 30; id. Fin. 5, 11, 33:cum versus facias, te ipsum percontor, etc.... Atque ego cum Graecos facerem, natus mare citra, Versiculos, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 10, 31:multa quippe et diversa angebant: validior per Germaniam exercitus, etc.... quos igitur anteferret? ac (i. e. similiter angebat), ne postpositi contumelia incenderentur,
Tac. A. 1, 47:Minime, minime, inquit Secundus, atque adeo vellem maturius intervenisses,
Tac. Or. 14:ac similiter in translatione, etc.,
Quint. 3, 6, 77.—In adducing new arguments of similar force in favor of any assertion or making further statements about a subject, etc.; cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 3, 11, 487.a.Absol.:b.maxima est enim vis vetustatis et consuetudinis: atque in ipso equo, cujus modo mentionem feci, si, etc.,
and furthermore, and moreover, Cic. Lael. 19, 68: Atque, si natura confirmatura jus non erit, virtutes omnes tollentur, id. Leg. 1, 15, 42 B. and K. —Often with etiam:c.Atque alias etiam dicendi virtutes sequitur,
Cic. Or. 40, 139:Atque hoc etiam animadvertendum non esse omnia etc.,
id. de Or. 2, 61, 251; so id. Off. 1, 26, 90; id. N. D. 2, 11, 30; Col. 2, 2, 3.—Sometimes with quoque:d.Atque occidi quoque Potius quam cibum praehiberem,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 133; so Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32; Col. 2, 13, 3, and Cels. 2, 3; 3, 22.—And even with quoque etiam: Atque ego [p. 191] quoque etiam, qui Jovis sum filius, Contagione etc., Plaut. Am. prol. 30.—3.In narration:4.aegre submoventes obvios intrare portam, qui adducebant Philopoemenem, potuerunt: atque conferta turba iter reliquum clauserat,
Liv. 39, 49; 5, 21 fin.:completur caede, quantum inter castra murosque vacui fuit: ac rursus nova laborum facies,
Tac. H. 3, 30; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 28 fin. and 2, 29 init. —In introducing comparisons, atque ut, atque velut (mostly poet., esp. in epic poetry):5.Atque ut perspicio, profecto etc.,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 53:ac veluti magno in populo cum saepe coorta est Seditio.... Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor, etc.,
Verg. A. 1, 148; so id. G. 4, 170; id. A. 2, 626; 4, 402; 4, 441; 6, 707; 9, 59; 10, 405; 10, 707; 10, 803; 11, 809; 12, 365; 12, 521; 12, 684; 12, 715;12, 908: Inclinare meridiem Sentis ac, veluti stet volucris dies, Parcis deripere etc.,
Hor. C. 3, 28, 6; Val. Fl. 6, 664;and so, Ac velut in nigro jactatis turbine nautis, etc.... Tale fuit nobis Manius auxilium,
Cat. 68, 63 (for which Sillig and Muller read:Hic velut, etc.): Atque ut magnas utilitates adipiscimur, etc.,
Cic. Off. 2, 5, 16:Atque ut hujus mores veros amicos parere non potuerunt, sic etc.,
id. Lael. 15, 54.—In connecting two acts or events.a.In the order of time, and then; hence the ancient grammarians assume in it the notion of quick succession, and explain it, though improperly, as syn. with statim, ilico, without any accompanying copulative, v. Gell. 10, 29; Non. p. 530, 1 sq. (only in the poets and histt.): Atque atque accedit muros Romana juventus (the repetition of the atque represents the approach step by step), Enn. ap. Gell. and Non. l. l. (Ann. v. 527 Mull.): Quo imus una;b. (α).ad prandium? Atque illi tacent,
And then they are silent, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 19:Ubi cenamus? inquam, atque illi abnuunt,
and upon this they shake their head, id. ib. 3, 1, 21; id. Ep. 2, 2, 33:dum circumspecto atque ego lembum conspicor,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 45; so id. Merc. 2, 1, 32; 2, 1, 35; id. Most. 5, 1, 9:lucernam forte oblitus fueram exstinguere: Atque ille exclamat derepente maximum,
and then he suddenly exclaims, id. ib. 2, 2, 57: cui fidus Achates It comes... atque illi Misenum in litore sicco Ut venere, vident, etc., and as they thus came, etc., Verg. A. 6, 162:dixerat, atque illi sese deus obtulit ultro,
Stat. Th. 9, 481; 12, 360; Liv. 26, 39, 16; Tac. H. 3, 17:tum Otho ingredi castra ausus: atque illum tribuni centurionesque circumsistunt,
id. ib. 1, 82. —Sometimes with two imperatives, in order to indicate vividly the necessity of a quicker succession, or the close connection between two actions:cape hoc argentum atque defer,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 3:abi domum ac deos comprecare,
id. Ad. 4, 5, 65:tace modo ac sequere hac,
id. ib. 2, 4, 16:Accipe carmina atque hanc sine tempora circum hederam tibi serpere,
Verg. E. 8, 12; id. G. 1, 40; 3, 65; 4, 330:Da auxilium, pater, atque haec omina firma,
id. A. 2, 691; 3, 89; 3, 250; 3, 639; 4, 424; 9, 90; 10, 624; 11, 370.—Absol.:(β).si nunc de tuo jure concessisses paululum, Atque adulescenti morigerasses,
and so, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 10.—With ita or sic:c.Ventum deinde ad multo angustiorem rupem, atque ita rectis saxis, etc.,
Liv. 21, 36; Plin. 10, 58, 79, § 158:ac sic prope innumerabiles species reperiuntur,
Quint. 12, 10, 67.—Connecting conclusion and condition, so, then (cf. at, II. F.):6.non aliter quam qui adverso vix flumine lembum Remigiis subigit, si bracchia forte remisit, Atque illum praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,
Verg. G. 1, 203 (here explained by statim by Gell. 10, 29, and by Servius, but thus its connective force is wholly lost; cf. also Forbig ad h. l. for still another explanation).—(As supra, I. c.) To annex a thought of more importance:7.Satisne videtur declarasse Dionysius nihil esse ei beatum, cui semper aliqui terror impendeat? atque ei ne integrum quidem erat, ut ad justitiam remigraret,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62; id. Tull. 4:hoc enim spectant leges, hoc volunt, incolumem esse civium conjunctionem, quam qui dirimunt, eos morte... coercent. Atque hoc multo magis efficit ipsa naturae ratio,
id. Off. 3, 5, 23; id. Fam. 6, 1, 4: hac spe lapsus Induciomarus... exsules damnatosque tota Gallia magnis praemiis ad se allicere coepit;ac tantam sibi jam iis rebus in Gallia auctoritatem comparaverat, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 55 fin.; Nep. Hann. 13, 2; Quint. 1, 10, 16.—Hence also in answers, in order to confirm a question or assertion:Sed videone ego Pamphilippum cum fratre Epignomo? Atque is est,
And he it is, Yes, it is he, Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 4; so id. Truc. 1, 2, 24: Th. Mihin malum minitare? Ca. Atque edepol non minitabor, sed dabo, id. Curc. 4, 4, 15: Ch. Egon formidulosus? nemost hominum, qui vivat, minus. Th. Atque ita opust, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 20.—In expressing a wish, atque utinam:8.Veritus sum arbitros, atque utinam memet possim obliscier! Att., Trag. Rel. p. 160 Rib.: videmus enim fuisse quosdam, qui idem ornate ac graviter, idem versute et subtiliter dicerent. Atque utinam in Latinis talis oratoris simulacrum reperire possemus!
Cic. Or. 7, 22; so id. Rep. 3, 5, 8:Atque utinam pro decore etc.,
Liv. 21, 41, 13:Atque utinam ex vobis unus etc.,
Verg. E. 10, 35; id. A. 1, 575:Atque utinam... Ille vir in medio fiat amore lapis!
Prop. 2, 9, 47; 3, 6, 15; 3, 7, 25; 3, 8, 19 al.—To connect an adversative clause, and often fully with tamen, and yet, notwithstanding, nevertheless.a.Absol.: Mihi quidem hercle non fit veri simile;b.atque ipsis commentum placet,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 20 Ruhnk. (atque pro tamen, Don.):ego quia non rediit filius, quae cogito!... Atque ex me hic natus non est, sed ex fratre,
id. Ad. 1, 1, 15 (Quasi dicat, ex me non est, et sic afficior: quid paterer si genuissem? Don.; cf. Acron. ap. Charis. p. 204 P.); Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48 Beier; id. Mur. 34, 71 Matth.:ceterum ex aliis negotiis, quae ingenio exercentur, in primis magno usui est memoria rerum gestarum... Atque ego credo fore qui, etc.,
and yet I believe, Sall. J. 4, 1 and 3 Corte; id. C. 51, 35:observare principis egressum in publicum, insidere vias examina infantium futurusque populus solebat. Labor parentibus erat ostentare parvulos... Ac plerique insitis precibus surdas principis aures obstrepebant,
Plin. Pan. 26.—With tamen:9.nihil praeterea est magnopere dicendum. Ac tamen, ne cui loco non videatur esse responsum, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 85:discipulos dissimilis inter se ac tamen laudandos,
id. de Or. 3, 10, 35; id. Rep. 1, 7, 12:Atque in his tamen tribus generibus etc.,
id. Off. 3, 33, 118; id. Pis. 1, 3; 13, 30; id. Prov. Cons. 7, 16; 7, 15 fin. (cf. in reference to the last four passages Wund. Varr. Lectt. p. lviii. sq.):ac tamen initia fastigii etc.,
Tac. A. 3, 29; 3, 56; 12, 56;14, 21: pauciores cum pluribus certasse, ac tamen fusos Germanos,
id. H. 5, 16.—To connect a minor affirmative proposition (the assumptio or propositio minor of logical lang.) in syllogisms, now, but, but now (while atqui is used to connect either an affirmative or negative minor premiss: v. atqui): Scaptius quaternas postulabat. Metui, si impetrasset, ne tu ipse me amare desineres;10.... Atque hoc tempore ipso impingit mihi epistulam etc.,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 6.—Sometimes the conclusion is to be supplied:nisi qui naturas hominum, penitus perspexerit, dicendo, quod volet, perficere non poterit. Atque totus hic locus philosophorum putatur proprius (conclusion: ergo oratorem philosophiam cognoscere oportet),
Cic. de Or. 1, 12, 53 and 54.—In introducing a purpose (freq. in Cic.).a.A negative purpose, and esp. in anticipating an objection:b.Ac ne sine causa videretur edixisse,
Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 24:Ac ne forte hoc magnum ac mirabile esse videatur,
id. de Or. 2, 46, 191; so id. Fam. 5, 12, 30:Ac ne saepius dicendum sit,
Cels. 8, 1:Ac ne forte roges, quo me duce, quo lare tuter,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 13:Ac ne forte putes,
id. ib. 2, 1, 208:Ac ne forte putes etc.,
Ov. R. Am. 465 (Merkel, Et).—A positive purpose:11.Atque ut ejus diversa studia in dissimili ratione perspicere possitis, nemo etc.,
Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9:Atque ut omnes intellegant me etc.... dico etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 8, 20; 2, 4; id. Clu. 14, 43; id. Sull. 2, 5; id. de Or. 3, 11, 40:Atque ut C. Flaminium relinquam etc.,
id. Leg. 3, 9, 20; id. Fin. 3, 2, 4.—a.. In continuing a thought in assertions or narration, and, now, and now, Plaut. Aul. prol. 18: audistis, cum pro se diceret, genus orationis, etc.,... perspexistis. Atque in eo non solum ingenium ejus videbatis, etc., Cic. Cael. 19, 45; so id. de Or. 3, 32, 130; 2, 7, 27; 3, 10, 39 al.; Caes. B. G. 2, 29; Nep. Ages. 7, 3; 8, 1, Eum. 10, 3 Bremi; Tac. A. 14, 64; 15, 3; Verg. A. 9, 1; Sil. 4, 1 al.: ac si, sublato illo, depelli a vobis omne periculum judicarem, now if I, etc., Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:b.atque si etiam hoc natura praescribit, etc.,
id. Off. 3, 6, 27; so Quint. 10, 1, 26; 10, 2, 8.—In introducing parentheses:c.vulgo credere, Penino (atque inde nomen et jugo Alpium inditum) transgressum,
Liv. 21, 38:omne adfectus genus (atque ea maxime jucundam et ornatam faciunt orationem) de luxuria, etc.,
Quint. 4, 3, 15 MSS., where Halm after Spalding reads et quae. —At the conclusion of a discourse (not infreq. in Cic.): Atque in primis duabus dicendi partibus qualis esset, summatim breviterque descripsimus, And thus have we, then, briefly described, etc., Cic. Or. 15, 50:V.Ac de primo quidem officii fonte diximus,
id. Off. 1, 6, 19:Ac de inferenda quidem injuria satis dictum est,
id. ib. 1, 8, 27; id. Inv. 2, 39, 115 al.—In particular connections and phrases.A.Unus atque alter, one and the other; alius atque alius, one and another; now this, now that:B.unae atque alterae scalae,
Sall. J. 60, 7:quarum (coclearum) cum unam atque alteram, dein plures peteret,
id. ib. 93, 2:unum atque alterum lacum integer perfluit,
Tac. H. 5, 6:dilatisque alia atque alia de causa comitiis,
Liv. 8, 23, 17; Col. 9, 8, 10:alius atque alius,
Tac. H. 1, 46; 1, 50 (v. alius, II. D.).—Also separated by several words:aliud ejus subinde atque aliud facientes initium,
Sen. Ep. 32, 2.—Etiam atque etiam. again and again:C.temo Stellas cogens etiam atque etiam Noctis sublime iter, Enn., Trag. Rel. p. 39 Rib.: etiam atque etiam cogita,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 11:etiam atque etiam considera,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:monitos eos etiam atque etiam volo,
id. Cat. 2, 12, 27.—So, semel atque iterum, Cic. Font. 26; id. Clu. 49; Tac. Or. 17; and:iterum atque iterum,
Verg. A. 8, 527; Hor. S. 1, 10, 39.—Huc atque illuc, hither and thither, Cic. Q. Rosc. 37; id. de Or. 1, 40, 184; Verg. A. 9, 57; Ov. M. 2, 357; 10, 376; Tac. Agr. 10; id. H. 1, 85.—D.Longe atque late, far and wide, Cic. Marcell. 29:E.atque eccum or atque eccum video, in colloquial lang.: Heus vocate huc Davom. Atque eccum,
but here he is, Ter. And. 3, 3, 48:Audire vocem visa sum modo militis. Atque eccum,
and here he is, id. Eun. 3, 2, 2; so id. Hec. 4, 1, 8.—Atque omnia, in making an assertion general, and so generally:F.Atque in eis omnibus, quae sunt actionis, inest quaedam vis a natura data,
Cic. de Or. 3, 59, 223:quorum (verborum) descriptus ordo alias alia terminatione concluditur, atque omnia illa et prima et media verba spectare debent ad ultimum,
id. Or. 59, 200; id. de Or. 2, 64, 257: commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere, and so rather, etc., id. Off. 2, 23, 83:nihil acerbum esse, nihil crudele, atque omnia plena clementiae, humanitatis,
id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:Atque omnis vitae ratio sic constat, ut, quae probamus in aliis, facere ipsi velimus,
Quint. 10, 2, 2.—With other conjunctions.1.After et:2.equidem putabam virtutem hominibus instituendo et persuadendo, non minis et vi ac metu tradi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247:Magnifica vero vox et magno viro ac sapiente digna,
id. Off. 3, 1, 1; id. Cael. 13:vanus aspectus et auri fulgor atque argenti,
Tac. Agr. 32.:denuntiarent, ut ab Saguntinis abstineret et Carthaginem in Africam traicerent ac sociorum querimonias deferrent,
Liv. 21, 6, 4:ubi et fratrem consilii ac periculi socium haberem,
id. 21, 41, 2:et uti liter demum ac Latine perspicueque,
Quint. 8, 3, 3:Nam et subtili plenius aliquid atque subtilius et vehementi remissius atque vehementius invenitur,
id. 12, 10, 67. —After que, as in Gr. te kai: litterisque ac laudibus aeternare, Varr. ap. Non. p. 75, 20:3.submoverique atque in castra redigi,
Liv. 26, 10:terrorem caedemque ac fugam fecere,
id. 21, 52:mus Sub terris posuitque domos atque horrea fecit,
Verg. G. 1, 182; 3, 434; id. A. 8, 486.—Before et:4.caelum ipsum ac mare et silvas circum spectantes,
Tac. Agr. 32.—After neque (only in the poets and post - Aug. prose):G.nec clavis nec canis atque calix,
Mart. 1, 32, 4: naturam Oceani atque aestus [p. 192] neque quaerere hujus operis est, ac multi retulere, Tac. Agr. 10:mediocritatem pristinam neque dissimulavit umquam ac frequenter etiam prae se tulit,
Suet. Vesp. 12.—Atque repeated, esp. in arch. Lat.: Scio solere plerisque hominibus in rebus secundis atque prolixis atque prosperis animum excellere atque superbiam atque ferociam augescere atque crescere, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3: Dicere possum quibus villae atque aedes aedificatae atque expolitae maximo opere citro atque ebore atque pavimentis Poenicis stent, Cato ap. Fest. p. 242 Mull.:atque ut C. Flamininum atque ea, quae jam prisca videntur, propter vetustatem relinquam,
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20:omnem dignitatem tuam in virtute atque in rebus gestis atque in tua gravitate positam existimare,
id. Fam. 1, 5, 8.—Esp. freq. in enumerations in the poets:Haec atque illa dies atque alia atque alia,
Cat. 68, 152:Mavortia tellus Atque Getae atque Hebrus,
Verg. G. 4, 463:Clioque et Beroe atque Ephyre Atque Opis et Asia,
id. ib. 4, 343.—And sometimes forming a double connective, both— and = et—et:Multus ut in terras deplueretque lapis: Atque tubas atque arma ferunt crepitantia caelo Audita,
Tib. 2, 5, 73:complexa sui corpus miserabile nati Atque deos atque astra vocat crudelia mater,
Verg. E. 5, 23; Sil. 1, 93; v. Forbig ad Verg. l. l.► Atque regularly stands at the beginning of its sentence or clause or before the word it connects, but in poetry it sometimes, like et and at, stands:a.In the second place:b.Jamque novum terrae stupeant lucescere solem, Altius atque cadant imbres,
Verg. E. 6, 38 Rib., ubi v. Forbig.:Accipite ergo animis atque haec mea figite dicta,
id. A. 3, 250, and 10, 104 (animis may, however, here be taken with Accipite, as in id. ib. 5, 304):Esto beata, funus atque imagines Ducant triumphales tuum,
Hor. Epod. 8, 11; id. S. 1, 5, 4; 1, 6, 111; 1, 7, 12 (ubi v. Fritzsche).—In the third place:quod pubes hedera virente Gaudeant pulla magis atque myrto,
Hor. C. 1, 25, 18; cf. at fin. (Vid. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 452-513.) -
99 ad
ad, prep. with acc. (from the fourth century after Christ written also at; Etrusc. suf. -a; Osc. az; Umbr. and Old Lat. ar, as [p. 27] in Eug. Tab., in S. C. de Bacch., as arveho for adveho; arfuerunt, arfuisse, for adfuerunt, etc.; arbiter for adbiter; so, ar me advenias, Plant. Truc. 2, 2, 17; cf. Prisc. 559 P.; Vel. Long. 2232 P.; Fabretti, Glos. Ital. col. 5) [cf. Sanscr. adhi; Goth. and Eng. at; Celt. pref. ar, as armor, i.e. ad mare; Rom. a].I.As antith. to ab (as in to ex), in a progressive order of relation, ad denotes, first, the direction toward an object; then the reaching of or attaining to it; and finally, the being at or near it.A.In space.1.Direction toward, to, toward, and first,a.Horizontally:b.fugere ad puppim colles campique videntur,
the hills and fields appear to fly toward the ship, Lucr. 4, 390: meridie umbrae cadunt ad septentrionem, ortu vero ad occasum, to or toward the north and west, Plin. 2, 13, and so often of the geog. position of a place in reference to the points of compass, with the verbs jacere, vergere, spectare, etc.:Asia jacet ad meridiem et austrum, Europa ad septentriones et aquiionem,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 31 Mull.;and in Plin. very freq.: Creta ad austrum... ad septentrionem versa, 4, 20: ad Atticam vergente, 4, 21 al.—Also trop.: animus alius ad alia vitia propensior,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 37, 81.—In a direction upwards (esp. in the poets, very freq.): manusque sursum ad caelum sustulit, Naev. ap. Non. 116, 30 (B. Pun. p. 13, ed. Vahl.): manus ad caeli templa tendebam lacrimans, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 50 ed. Vahl.); cf.:c.duplices tendens ad sidera palmas,
Verg. A. 1, 93: molem ex profundo saxeam ad caelum vomit, Att. ap. Prisc. 1325 P.: clamor ad caelum volvendus, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 104 Mull. (Ann. v. 520 ed. Vahl.) (cf. with this: tollitur in caelum clamor, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, or Ann. v. 422):ad caelumque ferat flammai fulgura rursum, of Aetna,
Lucr. 1, 725; cf. id. 2, 191; 2, 325: sidera sola micant;ad quae sua bracchia tendens, etc.,
Ov. M. 7, 188:altitudo pertingit ad caelum,
Vulg. Dan. 4, 17.—Also in the direction downwards (for the usu. in):2.tardiore semper ad terras omnium quae geruntur in caelo effectu cadente quam visu,
Plin. 2, 97, 99, § 216.The point or goal at which any thing arrives.a.Without reference to the space traversed in passing, to, toward (the most common use of this prep.): cum stupro redire ad suos popularis, Naev. ap. Fest. p. 317 Mull. (B. Pun. p. 14 ed. Vahl.):(α).ut ex tam alto dignitatis gradu ad superos videatur potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12: ad terras decidat aether, Lucan. 2, 58. —Hence,With verbs which designate going, coming, moving, bearing, bringing near, adapting, taking, receiving, calling, exciting, admonishing, etc., when the verb is compounded with ad the prep. is not always repeated, but the constr. with the dat. or acc. employed; cf. Rudd. II. pp. 154, 175 n. (In the ante-class. per., and even in Cic., ad is generally repeated with most verbs, as, ad eos accedit, Cic. Sex. Rosc. 8:(β).ad Sullam adire,
id. ib. 25:ad se adferre,
id. Verr. 4, 50:reticulum ad naris sibi admovebat,
id. ib. 5, 27:ad laborem adhortantur,
id. de Sen. 14:T. Vectium ad se arcessit,
id. Verr. 5, 114; but the poets of the Aug. per., and the historians, esp. Tac., prefer the dative; also, when the compound verb contains merely the idea of approach, the constr. with ad and the acc. is employed; but when it designates increase, that with the dat. is more usual: accedit ad urbem, he approaches the city; but, accedit provinciae, it is added to the province.)—Ad me, te, se, for domum meam, tuam, suam (in Plaut. and Ter. very freq.):(γ).oratus sum venire ad te huc,
Plaut. Mil. 5, 1, 12: spectatores plaudite atque ite ad vos comissatum, id. Stich. fin.:eamus ad me,
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 64:ancillas traduce huc ad vos,
id. Heaut. 4, 4, 22:transeundumst tibi ad Menedemum,
id. 4, 4, 17: intro nos vocat ad sese, tenet intus apud se, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 86 P.:te oro, ut ad me Vibonem statim venias,
Cic. Att. 3, 3; 16, 10 al.—Ad, with the name of a deity in the gen., is elliptical for ad templum or aedem (cf.:(δ).Thespiadas, quae ad aedem Felicitatis sunt,
Cic. Verr. 4, 4; id. Phil. 2, 35:in aedem Veneris,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 120;in aedem Concordiae,
Cic. Cat. 3, 9, 21;2, 6, 12): ad Dianae,
to the temple of, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 43:ad Opis,
Cic. Att. 8, 1, 14:ad Castoris,
id. Quint. 17:ad Juturnae,
id. Clu. 101:ad Vestae,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 35 al.: cf. Rudd. II. p. 41, n. 4, and p. 334.—With verbs which denote a giving, sending, informing, submitting, etc., it is used for the simple dat. (Rudd. II. p. 175): litteras dare ad aliquem, to send or write one a letter; and: litteras dare alicui, to give a letter to one; hence Cic. never says, like Caesar and Sall., alicui scribere, which strictly means, to write for one (as a receipt, etc.), but always mittere, scribere, perscribere ad aliquem:(ε).postea ad pistores dabo,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 119:praecipe quae ad patrem vis nuntiari,
id. Capt. 2, 2, 109:in servitutem pauperem ad divitem dare,
Ter. Ph. 4, 3, 48:nam ad me Publ. Valerius scripsit,
Cic. Fam. 14, 2 med.:de meis rebus ad Lollium perscripsi,
id. ib. 5, 3:velim domum ad te scribas, ut mihi tui libri pateant,
id. Att. 4, 14; cf. id. ib. 4, 16:ad primam (sc. epistulam) tibi hoc scribo,
in answer to your first, id. ib. 3, 15, 2:ad Q. Fulvium Cons. Hirpini et Lucani dediderunt sese,
Liv. 27, 15, 1; cf. id. 28, 22, 5.—Hence the phrase: mittere or scribere librum ad aliquem, to dedicate a book to one (Greek, prosphônein):has res ad te scriptas, Luci, misimus, Aeli,
Lucil. Sat. 1, ap. Auct. Her. 4, 12:quae institueram, ad te mittam,
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 5: ego interea admonitu tuo perfeci sane argutulos libros ad Varronem;and soon after: mihi explices velim, maneasne in sententia, ut mittam ad eum quae scripsi,
Cic. Att. 13, 18; cf. ib. 16; Plin. 1, 19.—So in titles of books: M. Tullii Ciceronis ad Marcum Brutum Orator; M. T. Cic. ad Q. Fratrem Dialogi tres de Oratore, etc.—In the titles of odes and epigrams ad aliquem signifies to, addressed to. —With names of towns after verbs of motion, ad is used in answer to the question Whither? instead of the simple acc.; but commonly with this difference, that ad denotes to the vicinity of, the neighborhood of:(ζ).miles ad Capuam profectus sum, quintoque anno post ad Tarentum,
Cic. de Sen. 4, 10; id. Fam. 3, 81:ad Veios,
Liv. 5, 19; 14, 18; cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 7; id. B. C. 3, 40 al.—Ad is regularly used when the proper name has an appellative in apposition to it:ad Cirtam oppidum iter constituunt,
Sall. J. 81, 2; so Curt. 3, 1, 22; 4, 9, 9;or when it is joined with usque,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 34, § 87; id. Deiot, 7, 19.— (When an adjective is added, the simple acc. is used poet., as well as with ad:magnum iter ad doctas proficisci cogor Athenas,
Prop. 3, 21, 1; the simple acc., Ov. H. 2, 83: doctas jam nunc eat, inquit, Athenas).—With verbs which imply a hostile movement toward, or protection in respect to any thing, against = adversus:(η).nonne ad senem aliquam fabricam fingit?
Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 34:Lernaeas pugnet ad hydras,
Prop. 3, 19, 9: neque quo pacto fallam, nec quem dolum ad eum aut machinam commoliar, old poet in Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 73:Belgarum copias ad se venire vidit,
Caes. B. G. 2, 5; 7, 70:ipse ad hostem vehitur,
Nep. Dat. 4, 5; id. Dion. 5, 4: Romulus ad regem impetus facit (a phrase in which in is commonly found), Liv. 1, 5, 7, and 44, 3, 10:aliquem ad hostem ducere,
Tac. A. 2, 52:clipeos ad tela protecti obiciunt,
Verg. A. 2, 443:munio me ad haec tempora,
Cic. Fam. 9, 18:ad hos omnes casus provisa erant praesidia,
Caes. B. G. 7, 65; 7, 41;so with nouns: medicamentum ad aquam intercutem,
Cic. Off. 3, 24:remedium ad tertianam,
Petr. Sat. 18:munimen ad imbris,
Verg. G. 2, 352:farina cum melle ad tussim siccam efficasissima est,
Plin. 20, 22, 89, § 243:ad muliebre ingenium efficaces preces,
Liv. 1, 9; 1, 19 (in these two passages ad may have the force of apud, Hand).—The repetition of ad to denote the direction to a place and to a person present in it is rare:b.nunc tu abi ad forum ad herum,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 100; cf.:vocatis classico ad concilium militibus ad tribunos,
Liv. 5 47.—(The distinction between ad and in is given by Diom. 409 P., thus: in forum ire est in ipsum forum intrare; ad forum autem ire, in locum foro proximum; ut in tribunal et ad tribunal venire non unum est; quia ad tribunal venit litigator, in tribunal vero praetor aut judex; cf. also Sen. Ep. 73, 14, deus ad homines venit, immo, quod propius est, in homines venit.)—The terminus, with ref. to the space traversed, to, even to, with or without usque, Quint. 10, 7, 16: ingurgitavit usque ad imum gutturem, Naev. ap. Non. 207, 20 (Rib. Com. Rel. p. 30): dictator pervehitur usque ad oppidum, Naev. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 153 Mull. (B. Pun. p. 16 ed. Vahl.):3.via pejor ad usque Baii moenia,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 96; 1, 1, 97:rigidum permanat frigus ad ossa,
Lucr. 1, 355; 1, 969:cum sudor ad imos Manaret talos,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 10:ut quantum posset, agmen ad mare extenderet,
Curt. 3, 9, 10:laeva pars ad pectus est nuda,
id. 6, 5, 27 al. —Hence the Plinian expression, petere aliquid (usque) ad aliquem, to seek something everywhere, even with one:ut ad Aethiopas usque peteretur,
Plin. 36, 6, 9, § 51 (where Jan now reads ab Aethiopia); so,vestis ad Seras peti,
id. 12, 1, 1.— Trop.:si quid poscam, usque ad ravim poscam,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 5, 10:deverberasse usque ad necem,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 13;without usque: hic ad incitas redactus,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 136; 4, 2, 52; id. Poen. 4, 2, 85; illud ad incitas cum redit atque internecionem, Lucil. ap. Non. 123, 20:virgis ad necem caedi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 29, § 70; so Hor. S. 1, 2, 42; Liv. 24, 38, 9; Tac. A. 11, 37; Suet. Ner. 26; id. Dom. 8 al.Nearness or proximity in gen. = apud, near to, by, at, close by (in anteclass. per. very freq.; not rare later, esp. in the historians): pendent peniculamenta unum ad quemque pedum, trains are suspended at each foot, Enn. ap. Non. 149, 33 (Ann. v. 363 ed. Vahl.):B.ut in servitute hic ad suum maneat patrem,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 3, 98;3, 5, 41: sol quasi flagitator astat usque ad ostium,
stands like a creditor continually at the door, id. Most. 3, 2, 81 (cf. with same force, Att. ap. Non. 522, 25;apud ipsum astas): ad foris adsistere,
Cic. Verr. 1, 66; id. Arch. 24:astiterunt ad januam,
Vulg. Act. 10, 17:non adest ad exercitum,
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 6; cf. ib. prol. 133:aderant ad spectaculum istud,
Vulg. Luc. 23, 48: has (testas) e fenestris in caput Deiciunt, qui prope ad ostium adspiraverunt, Lucil. ap. Non. 288, 31:et nec opinanti Mors ad caput adstitit,
Lucr. 3, 959:quod Romanis ad manum domi supplementum esset,
at hand, Liv. 9, 19, 6:haec arma habere ad manum,
Quint. 12, 5, 1:dominum esse ad villam,
Cic. Sull. 20; so id. Verr. 2, 21:errantem ad flumina,
Verg. E. 6, 64; Tib. 1, 10, 38; Plin. 7, 2, § 12; Vitr. 7, 14; 7, 12; and ellipt. (cf. supra, 2. g):pecunia utinam ad Opis maneret!
Cic. Phil. 1, 17.—Even of persons:qui primum pilum ad Caesarem duxerat (for apud),
Caes. B. G. 6, 38; so id. ib. 1, 31; 3, 9; 5, 53; 7, 5; id. B. C. 3, 60:ad inferos poenas parricidii luent,
among, Cic. Phil. 14, 13:neque segnius ad hostes bellum apparatur,
Liv. 7, 7, 4: pugna ad Trebiam, ad Trasimenum, ad Cannas, etc., for which Liv. also uses the gen.:si Trasimeni quam Trebiae, si Cannarum quam Trasimeni pugna nobilior esset, 23, 43, 4.—Sometimes used to form the name of a place, although written separately, e. g. ad Murcim,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 154:villa ad Gallinas, a villa on the Flaminian Way,
Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 37: ad urbem esse (of generals), to remain outside the city (Rome) until permission was given for a triumph:“Esse ad urbem dicebantur, qui cum potestate provinciali aut nuper e provincia revertissent, aut nondum in provinciam profecti essent... solebant autem, qui ob res in provincia gestas triumphum peterent, extra urbem exspectare, donec, lege lata, triumphantes urbem introire possent,”
Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 3, 8.—So sometimes with names of towns and verbs of rest:pons, qui erat ad Genavam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 7:ad Tibur mortem patri minatus est,
Cic. Phil. 6, 4, 10:conchas ad Caietam legunt,
id. Or. 2, 6:ad forum esse,
to be at the market, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 136; id. Most. 3, 2, 158; cf. Ter. Ph. 4, 2, 8; id. And. 1, 5, 19.—Hence, adverb., ad dextram (sc. manum, partem), ad laevam, ad sinistram, to the right, to the left, or on the right, on the left:ad dextram,
Att. Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 225; Plaut. Poen. 3, 4, 1; Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 44; Cic. Univ. 13; Caes. B. C. 1, 69:ad laevam,
Enn. Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 51; Att. ib. p. 217: ad sinistram, Ter. [p. 28] Ad. 4, 2, 43 al.:ad dextram... ad laevam,
Liv. 40, 6;and with an ordinal number: cum plebes ad tertium milliarium consedisset,
at the third milestone, Cic. Brut. 14, 54, esp. freq. with lapis:sepultus ad quintum lapidem,
Nep. Att. 22, 4; so Liv. 3, 69 al.; Tac. H. 3, 18; 4, 60 (with apud, Ann. 1, 45; 3, 45; 15, 60) al.; cf. Rudd. II. p. 287.In time, analogous to the relations given in A.1.Direction toward, i. e. approach to a definite point of time, about, toward:2.domum reductus ad vesperum,
toward evening, Cic. Lael. 3, 12:cum ad hiemem me ex Cilicia recepissem,
toward winter, id. Fam. 3, 7.—The limit or boundary to which a space of time extends, with and without usque, till, until, to, even to, up to:3.ego ad illud frugi usque et probus fui,
Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 53:philosophia jacuit usque ad hanc aetatem,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 3, 5; id. de Sen. 14:quid si hic manebo potius ad meridiem,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 55; so id. Men. 5, 7, 33; id. Ps. 1, 5, 116; id. As. 2, 1, 5:ad multam noctem,
Cic. de Sen. 14:Sophocles ad summam senectutem tragoedias fecit,
id. ib. 2; cf. id. Rep. 1, 1:Alexandream se proficisci velle dixit (Aratus) remque integram ad reditum suum jussit esse,
id. Off. 2, 23, 82:bestiae ex se natos amant ad quoddam tempus,
id. Lael. 8; so id. de Sen. 6; id. Somn. Sc. 1 al. —And with ab or ab-usque, to desig. the whole period of time passed away:ab hora octava ad vesperum secreto collocuti sumus,
Cic. Att. 7, 8:usque ab aurora ad hoc diei,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 8.—Coincidence with a point of time, at, on, in, by:C.praesto fuit ad horam destinatam,
at the appointed hour, Cic. Tusc. 5, 22:admonuit ut pecuniam ad diem solverent,
on the day of payment, id. Att. 16, 16 A:nostra ad diem dictam fient,
id. Fam. 16, 10, 4; cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 5: ad lucem denique arte et graviter dormitare coepisse, at (not toward) daybreak, id. Div. 1, 28, 59; so id. Att. 1, 3, 2; 1, 4, 3; id. Fin. 2, 31, 103; id. Brut. 97, 313:ad id tempus,
Caes. B. C. 1, 24; Sall. J. 70, 5; Tac. A. 15, 60; Suet. Aug. 87; Domit. 17, 21 al.The relations of number.1.An approximation to a sum designated, near, near to, almost, about, toward (cf. Gr. epi, pros with acc. and the Fr. pres de, a peu pres, presque) = circiter (Hand, Turs. I. p. 102):2.ad quadraginta eam posse emi minas,
Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 111:nummorum Philippum ad tria milia,
id. Trin. 1, 2, 115; sometimes with quasi added:quasi ad quadraginta minas,
as it were about, id. Most. 3, 1, 95; so Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 93:sane frequentes fuimus omnino ad ducentos,
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1:cum annos ad quadraginta natus esset,
id. Clu. 40, 110:ad hominum milia decem,
Caes. B. G. 1, 4:oppida numero ad duodecim, vicos ad quadringentos,
id. ib. 1, 5.—In the histt. and post-Aug. authors ad is added adverbially in this sense (contrary to Gr. usage, by which amphi, peri, and eis with numerals retain their power as prepositions): ad binum milium numero utrinque sauciis factis, Sisenn. ap. Non. 80, 4:occisis ad hominum milibus quattuor,
Caes. B. G. 2, 33:ad duorum milium numero ceciderunt,
id. B. C. 3, 53:ad duo milia et trecenti occisi,
Liv. 10, 17, 8; so id. 27, 12, 16; Suet. Caes. 20; cf. Rudd. II. p. 334.—The terminus, the limit, to, unto, even to, a designated number (rare):D.ranam luridam conicere in aquam usque quo ad tertiam partem decoxeris,
Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 26; cf. App. Herb. 41:aedem Junonis ad partem dimidiam detegit,
even to the half, Liv. 42, 3, 2:miles (viaticum) ad assem perdiderat,
to a farthing, to the last farthing, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 27; Plin. Ep. 1, 15:quid ad denarium solveretur,
Cic. Quint. 4.—The phrase omnes ad unum or ad unum omnes, or simply ad unum, means lit. all to one, i. e. all together, all without exception; Gr. hoi kath hena pantes (therefore the gender of unum is changed according to that of omnes): praetor omnes extra castra, ut stercus, foras ejecit ad unum, Lucil. ap. Non. 394, 22:de amicitia omnes ad unum idem sentiunt,
Cic. Lael. 23:ad unum omnes cum ipso duce occisi sunt,
Curt. 4, 1, 22 al.:naves Rhodias afflixit ita, ut ad unam omnes constratae eliderentur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 27; onerariae omnes ad unam a nobis sunt exceptae, Cic. Fam. 12, 14 (cf. in Gr. hoi kath hena; in Hebr., Exod. 14, 28).— Ad unum without omnes:ego eam sententiam dixi, cui sunt assensi ad unum,
Cic. Fam. 10, 16:Juppiter omnipotens si nondum exosus ad unum Trojanos,
Verg. A. 5, 687.In the manifold relations of one object to another.1.That in respect of or in regard to which a thing avails, happens, or is true or important, with regard to, in respect of, in relation to, as to, to, in.a.With verbs:b.ad omnia alia aetate sapimus rectius,
in respect to all other things we grow wiser by age, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 45:numquam ita quisquam bene ad vitam fuat,
id. ib. 5, 4, 1:nil ibi libatum de toto corpore (mortui) cernas ad speciem, nil ad pondus,
that nothing is lost in form or weight, Lucr. 3, 214; cf. id. 5, 570; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 21, § 58; id. Mur. 13, 29: illi regi Cyro subest, ad immutandi animi licentiam, crudelissimus ille Phalaris, in that Cyrus, in regard to the liberty of changing his disposition (i. e. not in reality, but inasmuch as he is at liberty to lay aside his good character, and assume that of a tyrant), there is concealed another cruel Phalaris, Cic. Rep. 1, 28:nil est ad nos,
is nothing to us, concerns us not, Lucr. 3, 830; 3, 845:nil ad me attinet,
Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 54:nihil ad rem pertinet,
Cic. Caecin. 58;and in the same sense elliptically: nihil ad Epicurum,
id. Fin. 1, 2, 5; id. Pis. 68:Quid ad praetorem?
id. Verr. 1, 116 (this usage is not to be confounded with that under 4.).—With adjectives:c.ad has res perspicax,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 129:virum ad cetera egregium,
Liv. 37, 7, 15:auxiliaribus ad pugnam non multum Crassus confidebat,
Caes. B. G. 3, 25:ejus frater aliquantum ad rem est avidior,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 51; cf. id. And. 1, 2, 21; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 129:ut sit potior, qui prior ad dandum est,
id. Phorm. 3, 2, 48:difficilis (res) ad credendum,
Lucr. 2, 1027:ad rationem sollertiamque praestantior,
Cic. N. D. 2, 62; so id. Leg. 2, 13, 33; id. Fin. 2, 20, 63; id. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; id. Font. 15; id. Cat. 1, 5, 12; id. de Or. 1, 25, 113; 1, 32, 146; 2, 49, 200; id. Fam. 3, 1, 1; Liv. 9, 16, 13; Tac. A. 12, 54 al.—With nouns:d.prius quam tuum, ut sese habeat, animum ad nuptias perspexerit,
before he knew your feeling in regard to the marriage, Ter. And. 2, 3, 4 (cf. Gr. hopôs echei tis pros ti):mentis ad omnia caecitas,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11:magna vis est fortunae in utramque partem vel ad secundas res vel ad adversas,
id. Off. 2, 6; so id. Par. 1:ad cetera paene gemelli,
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 3.—So with acc. of gerund instead of the gen. from the same vb.:facultas ad scribendum, instead of scribendi,
Cic. Font. 6;facultas ad agendum,
id. de Imp. Pomp. 1, 2: cf. Rudd. II. p. 245.—In gramm.: nomina ad aliquid dicta, nouns used in relation to something, i. e. which derive their significance from their relation to another object: quae non possunt intellegi sola, ut pater, mater;2.jungunt enim sibi et illa propter quae intelleguntur,
Charis. 129 P.; cf. Prisc. 580 ib.—With words denoting measure, weight, manner, model, rule, etc., both prop. and fig., according to, agreeably to, after (Gr. kata, pros):3.columnas ad perpendiculum exigere,
Cic. Mur. 77:taleis ferreis ad certum pondus examinatis,
Caes. B. G. 5, 12: facta sunt ad certam formam. Lucr. 2, 379:ad amussim non est numerus,
Varr. 2, 1, 26:ad imaginem facere,
Vulg. Gen. 1, 26:ad cursus lunae describit annum,
Liv. 1, 19:omnia ad diem facta sunt,
Caes. B. G. 2, 5:Id ad similitudinem panis efficiebant,
id. B. C. 3, 48; Vulg. Gen. 1, 26; id. Jac. 3, 9:ad aequos flexus,
at equal angles, Lucr. 4, 323: quasi ad tornum levantur, to or by the lathe, id. 4, 361:turres ad altitudiem valli,
Caes. B. G. 5, 42; Liv. 39, 6:ad eandem crassitudinem structi,
id. 44, 11:ad speciem cancellorum scenicorum,
with the appearance of, like, Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 8:stagnum maris instar, circumseptum aedificiis ad urbium speciem,
Suet. Ner. 31:lascivum pecus ludens ad cantum,
Liv. Andron. Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 1:canere ad tibiam,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 2: canere ad tibicinem, id. ib. 1, 2 (cf.:in numerum ludere,
Verg. E. 6, 28; id. G. 4, 175):quod ad Aristophanis lucernam lucubravi,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 9 Mull.: carmen castigare ad unguem, to perfection (v. unguis), Hor. A. P. 294:ad unguem factus homo,
a perfect gentleman, id. S. 1, 5, 32 (cf. id. ib. 2, 7, 86):ad istorum normam sapientes,
Cic. Lael. 5, 18; id. Mur. 3:Cyrus non ad historiae fidem scriptus, sed ad effigiem justi imperii,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:exercemur in venando ad similitudinem bellicae disciplinae,
id. N. D. 2, 64, 161: so,ad simulacrum,
Liv. 40, 6:ad Punica ingenia,
id. 21, 22:ad L. Crassi eloquentiam,
Cic. Var. Fragm. 8:omnia fient ad verum,
Juv. 6, 324:quid aut ad naturam aut contra sit,
Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 30:ad hunc modum institutus est,
id. Tusc. 2, 3; Caes. B. G. 2, 31; 3, 13:ad eundem istunc modum,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 70:quem ad modum, q. v.: ad istam faciem est morbus, qui me macerat,
of that kind, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 73; id. Merc. 2, 3, 90; cf.91: cujus ad arbitrium copia materiai cogitur,
Lucr. 2, 281:ad eorum arbitrium et nutum totos se fingunt,
to their will and pleasure, Cic. Or. 8, 24; id. Quint. 71:ad P. Lentuli auctoritatem Roma contendit,
id. Rab. Post. 21:aliae sunt legati partes, aliae imperatoris: alter omnia agere ad praescriptum, alter libere ad summam rerum consulere debet,
Caes. B. C. 3, 51:rebus ad voluntatem nostram fluentibus,
Cic. Off. 1, 26:rem ad illorum libidinem judicarunt,
id. Font. 36:ad vulgi opinionem,
id. Off. 3, 21.—So in later Lat. with instar:ad instar castrorum,
Just. 36, 3, 2:scoparum,
App. M. 9, p. 232:speculi,
id. ib. 2, p. 118: ad hoc instar mundi, id. de Mundo, p. 72.—Sometimes, but very rarely, ad is used absol. in this sense (so also very rarely kata with acc., Xen. Hell. 2, 3; Luc. Dial. Deor. 8): convertier ad nos, as we (are turned), Lucr. 4, 317:ad navis feratur,
like ships, id. 4, 897 Munro. —With noun:ad specus angustiac vallium,
like caves, Caes. B. C. 3, 49.—Hence,With an object which is the cause or reason, in conformity to which, from which, or for which, any thing is or is done.a.The moving cause, according to, at, on, in consequence of:b.cetera pars animae paret et ad numen mentis momenque movetur,
Lucr. 3, 144:ad horum preces in Boeotiam duxit,
on their entreaty, Liv. 42, 67, 12: ad ea Caesar veniam ipsique et conjugi et fratribus tribuit, in consequence of or upon this, he, etc., Tac. Ann. 12, 37.—The final cause, or the object, end, or aim, for the attainment of which any thing,(α).is done,(β).is designed, or,(γ). (α).Seque ad ludos jam inde abhinc exerceant, Pac. ap. Charis. p. 175 P. (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 80):(β).venimus coctum ad nuptias,
in order to cook for the wedding, Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 15:omnis ad perniciem instructa domus,
id. Bacch. 3, 1, 6; cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 41; Liv. 1, 54:cum fingis falsas causas ad discordiam,
in order to produce dissension, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 71:quantam fenestram ad nequitiam patefeceris,
id. Heaut. 3, 1, 72:utrum ille, qui postulat legatum ad tantum bellum, quem velit, idoneus non est, qui impetret, cum ceteri ad expilandos socios diripiendasque provincias, quos voluerunt, legatos eduxerint,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 19, 57:ego vitam quoad putabo tua interesse, aut ad spem servandam esse, retinebo,
for hope, id. Q. Fr. 1, 4; id. Fam. 5, 17:haec juventutem, ubi familiares opes defecerant, ad facinora incendebant,
Sall. C. 13, 4:ad speciem atque ad usurpationem vetustatis,
Cic. Agr. 2, 12, 31; Suet. Caes. 67:paucis ad speciem tabernaculis relictis,
for appearance, Caes. B. C. 2, 35; so id. ib. 2, 41; id. B. G. 1, 51.—Aut equos alere aut canes ad venandum. Ter. And. 1, 1, 30:(γ).ingenio egregie ad miseriam natus sum,
id. Heaut. 3, 1, 11;(in the same sense: in rem,
Hor. C. 1, 27, 1, and the dat., Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 6):ad cursum equum, ad arandum bovem, ad indagandum canem,
Cic. Fin. 2, 13, 40:ad frena leones,
Verg. A. 10, 253:delecto ad naves milite,
marines, Liv. 22, 19 Weissenb.:servos ad remum,
rowers, id. 34, 6; and:servos ad militiam emendos,
id. 22, 61, 2:comparasti ad lecticam homines,
Cat. 10, 16:Lygdamus ad cyathos,
Prop. 4, 8, 37; cf.:puer ad cyathum statuetur,
Hor. C. 1, 29, 8.—Quae oportet Signa esse [p. 29] ad salutem, omnia huic osse video, everything indicative of prosperity I see in him, Ter. And. 3, 2, 2:4.haec sunt ad virtutem omnia,
id. Heaut. 1, 2, 33:causa ad objurgandum,
id. And. 1, 1, 123:argumentum ad scribendum,
Cic. Att. 9, 7 (in both examples instead of the gen. of gerund., cf. Rudd. II. p. 245):vinum murteum est ad alvum crudam,
Cato R. R. 125:nulla res tantum ad dicendum proficit, quantum scriptio,
Cic. Brut. 24:reliquis rebus, quae sunt ad incendia,
Caes. B. C. 3, 101 al. —So with the adjectives idoneus, utilis, aptus, instead of the dat.:homines ad hanc rem idoneos,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 6:calcei habiles et apti ad pedem,
Cic. de Or. 1, 54, 231:orator aptus tamen ad dicendum,
id. Tusc. 1, 3, 5:sus est ad vescendum hominibus apta,
id. N. D. 2, 64, 160:homo ad nullam rem utilis,
id. Off. 3, 6:ad segetes ingeniosus ager,
Ov. F. 4, 684.—(Upon the connection of ad with the gerund. v. Zumpt, § 666; Rudd. II. p. 261.)—Comparison (since that with which a thing is compared is considered as an object to which the thing compared is brought near for the sake of comparison), to, compared to or with, in comparison with:E.ad sapientiam hujus ille (Thales) nimius nugator fuit,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 25; id. Trin. 3, 2, 100:ne comparandus hic quidem ad illum'st,
Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 14; 2, 3, 69:terra ad universi caeli complexum,
compared with the whole extent of the heavens, Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:homini non ad cetera Punica ingenia callido,
Liv. 22, 22, 15:at nihil ad nostram hanc,
nothing in comparison with, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 70; so Cic. Deiot. 8, 24; and id. de Or. 2, 6, 25.Adverbial phrases with ad.1.Ad omnia, withal, to crown all:2.ingentem vim peditum equitumque venire: ex India elephantos: ad omnia tantum advehi auri, etc.,
Liv. 35, 32, 4.—Ad hoc and ad haec (in the historians, esp. from the time of Livy, and in authors after the Aug. per.), = praeterea, insuper, moreover, besides, in addition, epi toutois:3.nam quicumque impudicus, adulter, ganeo, etc.: praeterea omnes undique parricidae, etc.: ad hoc, quos manus atque lingua perjurio aut sanguine civili alebat: postremo omnes, quos, etc.,
Sall. C. 14, 2 and 3:his opinionibus inflato animo, ad hoc vitio quoque ingenii vehemens,
Liv. 6, 11, 6; 42, 1, 1; Tac. H. 1, 6; Suet. Aug. 22 al.—Ad id quod, beside that (very rare):4.ad id quod sua sponte satis conlectum animorum erat, indignitate etiam Romani accendebantur,
Liv. 3, 62, 1; so 44, 37, 12.—Ad tempus.a.At a definite, fixed time, Cic. Att. 13, 45; Liv. 38, 25, 3.—b.At a fit, appropriate time, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 54, § 141; Liv. 1, 7, 13.—c.For some time, for a short time, Cic. Off. 1, 8, 27; id. Lael. 15, 53; Liv. 21, 25, 14.—d.According to circumstances, Cic. Planc. 30, 74; id. Cael. 6, 13; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9.—5.Ad praesens (for the most part only in post-Aug. writers).a.For the moment, for a short time, Cic. Fam. 12, 8; Plin. 8, 22, 34; Tac. A. 4, 21.—b.At present, now, Tac. A. 16, 5; id. H. 1, 44.—So, ad praesentiam, Tac. A. 11, 8.—6.Ad locum, on the spot:7.ut ad locum miles esset paratus,
Liv. 27, 27, 2.—Ad verbum, word for word, literally, Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 4; id. de Or. 1, 34, 157; id. Ac. 2, 44, 135 al.—8.Ad summam.a. b. 9.Ad extremum, ad ultimum, ad postremum.a. (α).Of place, at the extremity, extreme point, top, etc.:(β).missile telum hastili abiegno et cetera tereti, praeterquam ad extremum, unde ferrum exstabat,
Liv. 21, 8, 10.—Of time = telos de, at last, finally:(γ).ibi ad postremum cedit miles,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 52; so id. Poen. 4, 2, 22; Cic. Off. 3, 23, 89; id. Phil. 13, 20, 45; Caes. B. G. 7, 53; Liv. 30, 15, 4 al.— Hence,of order, finally, lastly, = denique: inventa componere; tum ornare oratione; post memoria sepire;b.ad extremum agere cum dignitate,
Cic. de Or. 1, 31, 142.—In Liv., to the last degree, quite: improbus homo, sed non ad extremum perditus, 23, 2, 3; cf.:10.consilii scelerati, sed non ad ultimum dementis,
id. 28, 28, 8.—Quem ad finem? To what limit? How far? Cic. Cat. 1, 1; id. Verr. 5, 75.—11.Quem ad modum, v. sub h. v.► a.Ad (v. ab, ex, in, etc.) is not repeated like some other prepositions with interrog. and relative pronouns, after nouns or demonstrative pronouns:b.traducis cogitationes meas ad voluptates. Quas? corporis credo,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 17, 37 (ubi v. Kuhner).—Ad is sometimes placed after its substantive:c.quam ad,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 39:senatus, quos ad soleret, referendum censuit,
Cic. N. D. 2, 4:ripam ad Araxis,
Tac. Ann. 12, 51;or between subst. and adj.: augendam ad invidiam,
id. ib. 12, 8.—The compound adque for et ad (like exque, eque, and, poet., aque) is denied by Moser, Cic. Rep. 2, 15, p. 248, and he reads instead of ad humanitatem adque mansuetudinem of the MSS., hum. atque mans. But adque, in acc. with later usage, is restored by Hand in App. M. 10, p. 247, adque haec omnia oboediebam for atque; and in Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 9, utroque vorsum rectum'st ingenium meum, ad se adque illum, is now read, ad te atque ad illum (Fleck., Brix).II.In composition.A.Form. According to the usual orthography, the d of the ad remains unchanged before vowels, and before b, d, h, m, v: adbibo, adduco, adhibeo, admoveo, advenio; it is assimilated to c, f, g, l, n, p, r, s, t: accipio, affigo, aggero, allabor, annumero, appello, arripio, assumo, attineo; before g and s it sometimes disappears: agnosco, aspicio, asto: and before qu it passes into c: acquiro, acquiesco.—But later philologists, supported by old inscriptions and good MSS., have mostly adopted the following forms: ad before j, h, b, d, f, m, n, q, v; ac before c, sometimes, but less well, before q; ag and also ad before g; a before gn, sp, sc, st; ad and also al before l; ad rather than an before n; ap and sometimes ad before p; ad and also ar before r; ad and also as before s; at and sometimes ad before t. In this work the old orthography has commonly been retained for the sake of convenient reference, but the better form in any case is indicated.—B.Signif. In English up often denotes approach, and in many instances will give the force of ad as a prefix both in its local and in its figurative sense.1.Local.a. b.At, by: astare, adesse.—c. d.Up (cf. de- = down, as in deicio, decido): attollo, ascendo, adsurgo.—2.Fig.a.To: adjudico, adsentior.—b.At or on: admiror, adludo.—c.Denoting conformity to, or comparison with: affiguro, adaequo.—d.Denoting addition, increase (cf. ab, de, and ex as prefixes to denote privation): addoceo, adposco.—e.Hence, denoting intensity: adamo, adimpleo, aduro, and perhaps agnosco.—f.Denoting the coming to an act or state, and hence commencement: addubito, addormio, adquiesco, adlubesco, advesperascit. See more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 74-134. -
100 admordeo
ad-mordĕo, rsum, 2, v. a. ( perf. admemordi, Plaut. Aul. Fragm. ap. Gell. 6, 9, 6), to bite at or gnaw, to bite into (cf. accīdo, to cut into).I.Lit.:II.admorso signata in stirpe cicatrix,
Verg. G. 2, 379.—So of Cleopatra:bracchia admorsa colubris,
Prop. 4, 10, 53.—Fig., of a miser, to bite, i. e. get possession of some of one's property, to fleece him:lepidum est, triparcos, vetulos bene admordere,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 3, 14:jam admordere hunc mihi lubet, i. e. aggredi et ab eo aliquid corradere,
id. Ps. 4, 7, 24.
См. также в других словарях:
Bracchĭa — (a. Geogr.), Insel an der dalmatischen Küste; j. Brazza … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Bracchia — Brachium Brach i*um, n.; pl. {Bracchia}. [L. brachium or bracchium, arm.] (Anat.) The upper arm; the segment of the fore limb between the shoulder and the elbow. [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Nunquam direxerit bracchia contra torrentem. — См. Идти против течения … Большой толково-фразеологический словарь Михельсона (оригинальная орфография)
fier-à-bras — [ fjɛrabra ] n. m. • XIVe; du n. pr. d un géant sarrasin des chansons de geste, p. ê. de fera bracchia « bras redoutables », d apr. fier ♦ Vieilli Fanfaron. ⇒ matamore. Des fiers à bras. « On se tient à égale distance de la fanfaronnade et de la… … Encyclopédie Universelle
Angle brace — Brace Brace, n. [OF. brace, brasse, the two arms, embrace, fathom, F. brasse fathom, fr. L. bracchia the arms (stretched out), pl. of bracchium arm; cf. Gr. ?.] 1. That which holds anything tightly or supports it firmly; a bandage or a prop.… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Brace — Brace, n. [OF. brace, brasse, the two arms, embrace, fathom, F. brasse fathom, fr. L. bracchia the arms (stretched out), pl. of bracchium arm; cf. Gr. ?.] 1. That which holds anything tightly or supports it firmly; a bandage or a prop. [1913… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Brachium — Brach i*um, n.; pl. {Bracchia}. [L. brachium or bracchium, arm.] (Anat.) The upper arm; the segment of the fore limb between the shoulder and the elbow. [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
brace — I. verb (braced; bracing) Etymology: Middle English, from Anglo French bracer to embrace, from brace Date: 14th century transitive verb 1. archaic to fasten tightly ; bind 2. a … New Collegiate Dictionary
Dactylic hexameter — (also known as heroic hexameter ) is a form of meter in poetry or a rhythmic scheme. It is traditionally associated with the quantitative meter of classical epic poetry in both Greek and Latin, and was consequently considered to be the Grand… … Wikipedia
Vulgar Latin — (in Latin, sermo vulgaris , folk speech ) is a blanket term covering the popular dialects and sociolects of the Latin language which diverged from each other in the early Middle Ages, evolving into the Romance languages by the 9th century. The… … Wikipedia
Embracery — is the attempt to influence a juror corruptly to give his verdict in favour of one side or the other in a trial, by promise, persuasions, entreaties, money, entertainments and the like.In English law, it was an offence both at common law and by… … Wikipedia
