be+fixed

af-fīgo (better adf-), ixi, ixum, 3, v. a. (affixet for affixisset, Sil. 14, 536), to fix or fasten to or upon, to affix, annex, attach to; constr. with ad or dat.

Lit.:

sidera aetherieis adfixa caverneis,

Lucr. 4, 392:

corpus,

id. 4, 1104; 4, 1238:

litteram ad caput,

to affix as a brand, Cic. Rosc. Am. 20 fin.:

Minerva, cui pinnarum talaria adfigunt,

id. N. D. 3, 23:

Prometheus adfixus Caucaso,

id. Tusc. 5, 3, 8: aliquem patibulo, Sall. Fragm. ap. Non. 4, 355:

aliquem cuspide ad terram,

Liv. 4, 19:

aliquem cruci adfigere,

id. 28, 37:

signa Punicis Adfixa delubris,

Hor. C. 3, 5, 19:

lecto te adfixit,

id. S. 1, 1, 81 (cf. Sen. Ep. 67:

senectus me lectulo adfixit): radicem terrae,

Verg. G. 2, 318:

flammam lateri (turris),

id. A. 9, 536 al. —

Trop., to fix on, imprint or impress on:

aliquid animo,

to impress upon the mind, Quint. 2, 7, 18, and Sen. Ep. 11:

litteras pueris,

to imprint on their memory, Quint. 1, 1, 25.—Hence, adfixus, a, um, P. a.

Fastened to a person or thing, joined to; constr. alicui or ad rem:

jubes eum mihi esse adfixum tamquam magistro,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 6:

me sibi ille adfixum habebit,

id. Fam. 1, 8:

nos in exiguā parte terrae adfixi,

id. Rep. 1, 17:

anus adfixa foribus,

Tib. 1, 6, 61:

Tarraconensis adfixa Pyrenaeo,

situated close to, Plin. 3, 2, § 6. — Trop., impressed on, fixed to:

causa in animo sensuque meo penitus adfixa atque insita,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 53:

quae semper adfixa esse videntur ad rem neque ab eā possunt separari,

id. Inv. 1, 26 al. —

In the Latin of the Pandects: adfixa, ōrum, n., the appendages or appurtenances belonging to a possession:

domum instructam legavit cum omnibus adfixis,

with all pertaining thereto, all the fixtures, Dig. 33, 7, 18 fin.

ăd-haeresco, haesi, haesum, 3, v. inch. [adhaereo], to cleave or stick to, to adhere, lit. and trop. (in the trop. sense almost exclusively belonging to Cic.).

Lit., constr. with ad, in, and abl. or ubi:

tragula ad turrim,

Caes. B. G. 5, 46:

ne quid emineret, ubi ignis adhaeresceret,

id. B. C. 2, 9: tamquam in quodam incili, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 5: si potes in his locis adhaerescere, if you can stick (i. e. stay or sojourn) in such places, id. Att. 4, 4: in me omnia conjurationis nefaria tela adhaeserunt, Auct. Or. pro Dom. 24; cf. ib. 5;

ad quamcunque disciplinam, tamquam ad saxum, adhaerescunt,

Cic. Ac. 2, 3: argumentum ratio ipsa confirmat, quae simul atque emissa est, adhaerescit, sc. ad mentem, sticks fast to, is fastened upon the memory (the figure is derived from missiles), id. de Or. 2, 53.—With dat.: justitiae honestatique, to be attached or devoted to, Cic. Off. 1, 24.—And absol.:

oratio ita libere fluebat, ut numquam adhaeresceret,

never was at a stand, faltered, Cic. Brut. 79; cf. ib. 93 (v. haereo): adhaerescere ad columnam (sc. Maeniam); sarcastically, to remain fixed at the debtor's columns, i. e. to be punished as a fraudulent debtor, Cic. Sest. 8, 18; cf. Liv. 5, 47.—

Fig., to correspond to, to accord with, to fit to or suit:

si non omnia, quae praeponerentur a me ad omnium vestrūm studium, adhaerescerent,

Cic. de Or. 3, 10, 37.

ad-verto (archaic advor-), ti, sum, 3, v. a., to turn a thing to or toward a place (in this signif., without animus; mostly poet.; syn.: observare, animadvertere, videre, cognoscere).

Lit.

In gen., with in or dat.:

illa sese huc advorterat in hanc nostram plateam,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 51:

in quamcunque domus lumina partem,

Ov. M. 6, 180; cf. id. ib. 8, 482:

malis numen,

Verg. A. 4, 611:

huc aures, huc, quaeso, advertite sensus,

Sil. 16, 213; cf. id. 6, 105.—

Esp., a naut. t. t., to turn, direct, steer a ship to a place:

classem in portum,

Liv. 37, 9 Drak.:

terrae proras,

Verg. A. 7, 35; id. G. 4, 117 al.:

Colchos puppim,

Ov. H. 12, 23.— Absol.:

profugi advertere coloni,

landed, Sil. 1, 288;

hence also transf. to other things: aequore cursum,

Verg. A. 7, 196:

pedem ripae,

id. ib. 6, 386:

urbi agmen,

id. ib. 12, 555: adverti with acc. poet. for verti ad:

Scythicas advertitur oras,

Ov. M. 5, 649 (cf. adducor litora remis, id. ib. 3, 598, and Rudd. II. p. 327).

Fig.

Animum (in the poets and Livy also animos, rarely mentem) advertere; absol., or with adv. or ad aliquid, or alicui rei, to direct the mind, thoughts, or attention to a thing, to advert to, give attention to, attend to, to heed, observe, remark:

si voles advortere animum, Enn. ap. Var. L. L. 7, § 89 Müll. (Trag. v. 386 Vahl.): facete advortis animum tuum ad animum meum,

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 39:

nunc huc animum advortite ambo,

id. ib. 3, 1, 169:

advertunt animos ad religionem,

Lucr. 3, 54:

monitis animos advertite nostris,

Ov. M. 15, 140:

animum etiam levissimis rebus adverterent,

Tac. A. 13, 49.—With ne, when the object of attention is expressed:

ut animum advertant, ne quos offendant,

Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68:

adverterent animos, ne quid novi tumultūs oriretur,

Liv. 4, 45.—

Animum advertere, to observe a thing by directing the mind to it, to observe, to notice, to remark, to perceive (in the class. period contracted to animadvertere, q. v.).—Constr. with two accusatives, animum advertere aliquid (where aliquid may be regarded as depending on the prep. in comp., Roby, § 1118, or on animum advertere, considered as one idea, to observe), with acc. and inf., or rel. clause (the first mode of construction, most frequent with the pronouns id, hoc, illud, etc., is for the most part ante-class., and appears in Caes., Cic., and Sall. as an archaism):

et hoc animum advorte,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 43:

hanc edictionem,

id. ib. 1, 2, 10:

haec animum te advertere par est,

Lucr. 2, 125:

animum adverti columellam e dumis eminentem,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 65; id. Inv. 2, 51, 153:

Postquam id animum advertit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 24; 4, 12:

quidam Ligus animum advortit inter saxa repentīs cocleas,

Sall. J. 93, 2. In Vitruv. once with hinc:

ut etiam possumus hinc animum advertere,

as we can hence perceive, Vitr. 10, 22, 262.—With the acc. and inf.:

postquam tantopere id vos velle animum advorteram,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 16:

animum advertit magnas esse copiashostium instructas,

Caes. B. G. 5, 18: cum animum adverteret locum relictum esse, Auct. B. Alex. 31; ib. 46.—With the rel. clause: nunc quam rem vitio dent, quaeso, animum advortite, Ter. And. prol. 8: quid ille sperare possit, animum adverte, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9:

quam multarum rerum ipse ignarus esset... animum advertit,

Liv. 24, 48. Sometimes advertere alone = animum advertere; so once in Cicero's letters: nam advertebatur Pompeii familiares assentiri Volcatio, Fam. 1, 1 (although here, as well as almost everywhere, the readings fluctuate between advertere and animadvertere; cf. Orell. ad h. l.; animadvertebatur, B. and K.). So Verg. in the imp.:

qua ratione quod instat, Confieri possit, paucis, adverte, docebo,

attend! Verg. A. 4, 115.—In the histt., esp. Tac. and Pliny, more frequently:

donec advertit Tiberius,

Tac. A. 4, 54:

Zenobiam advertere pastores,

id. ib. 12, 51:

advertere quosdam cultu externo in sedibus senatorum,

id. ib. 13, 54:

quotiens novum aliquid adverterat,

id. ib. 15, 30 al.:

hirudo quam sanguisugam appellari adverto,

Plin. 8, 10, 10, § 29:

ut multos adverto credidisse,

id. 2, 67, 67, § 168. Still more rarely, advertere animo:

animis advertite vestris,

Verg. A. 2, 712:

hanc scientiam ad nostros pervenisse animo adverto,

Plin. 25, 2, 3, § 5; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 4, 27, 8.—

To draw or turn something, esp. the attention of another, to or upon one's self (in the histt.):

gemitus ac planctus militum aures oraque advertere,

Tac. A. 1, 41:

octo aquilae imperatorem advertere,

id. ib. 2, 17: recentia veteraque odia advertit, drew them on himself, id. ib. 4, 21 al.—

To call the attention of one to a definite act, i. e. to admonish of it, to urge to it (cf. II. A.):

non docet admonitio, sed advertit,

i. e. directs attention, Sen. Ep. 94:

advertit ea res Vespasiani animum, ut, etc.,

Tac. H. 3, 48.—

Advertere in aliquem, for the more usual animadvertere in aliquem, to attend to one, i. e. to punish one (only in Tac.):

in P. Marcium consules more prisco advertere,

Tac. A. 2, 32:

ut in reliquos Sejani liberos adverteretur,

id. ib. 5, 9 (cf. id. Germ. 7, 3: animadvertere).—Hence,

adversus (archaic advor-), a, um, P. a., turned to or toward a thing, with the face or front toward, standing over against, opposite, before, in front of (opp. aversus).

In gen.:

solem adversum intueri,

Cic. Somn. Scip. 5:

Iris... Mille trahens varios adverso sole colores,

Verg. A. 4, 701; id. G. 1, 218:

antipodes adversis vestigiis stant contra nostra vestigia,

Cic. Ac. 2, 39: dentes adversi acuti ( the sharp front teeth) morsu dividunt escas, Cic. N. D. 2, 54:

quod is collis, tantum adversus in latitudinem patebat, quantum etc.,

Caes. B. G. 2, 8 Herz. So, hostes adversi, who make front against one advancing or retreating, id. ib. 2, 24:

L. Cotta legatus in adversum os fundā vulneratur,

in front, Caes. B. G. 5, 35; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 1; Liv. 21, 7 fin. al.; hence, vulnus adversum, a wound in front (on the contr., vulnus aversum, a wound in the back), Cic. Har. Resp. 19:

adversis vulneribus,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 35, 4:

judicibus cicatrices adversas ostendere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 28:

cicatrices populus Romanus aspiceret adverso corpore exceptas,

id. Verr. 5, 3:

impetus hostium adversos, Auct. B. Alex. 8: Romani advorso colle evadunt,

ascend the hill in front, Sall. J. 52:

adversa signa,

Liv. 30, 8:

legiones quas Visellius et C. Silius adversis itineribus objecerant,

i. e. marches in which they went to meet the enemy, Tac. A. 3, 42: sed adverso fulgure ( by a flash of lightning falling directly before him) pavefactus est Nero, Suet. Ner. 48:

armenta egit Hannibal in adversos montes,

Quint. 2, 17, 19; cf. Lucr. 3, 1013; so Hor. S. 1, 1, 103; 2, 3, 205:

qui timet his adversa,

the opposite of this, id. Ep. 1, 6, 9 al. —Hence, of rivers: flumine adverso, up the stream, against the stream:

in adversum flumen contendere,

Lucr. 4, 423:

adverso feruntur flumine,

id. 6, 720; so Verg. G. 1, 201:

adverso amne,

Plin. 18, 6, 7, § 33;

adverso Tiberi subvehi,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 22, 3 (opp. to secundā aquā, down stream, with the stream:

rate in secundam aquam labente,

Liv. 21, 47, 3); and of winds, opposed to a vessel's course, head winds, contrary winds, consequently unfavorable, adverse:

navigationes adversis ventis praecluduntur, Auct. B. Alex. 8: adversissimi navigantibus venti,

Caes. B. C. 3, 107.— Subst.: adversum, i, the opposite: hic ventus a septentrionibus oriens adversum tenet Athenis proficiscentibus, [p. 50] holds the opposite to those sailing from Athens, i. e. blows against them, Nep. Milt. 1 (so Nipperdey; but v. Hand, Turs. I. p. 183). — Adv.: ex adverso, also written exadverso and exadversum, opposite to, over against, ek tou enantiou:

portus ex adverso urbi positus,

Liv. 45, 10.—With gen.:

Patrae ex adverso Aetoliae et fluminis Eveni,

Plin. 4, 4, 5, § 11.—Without case:

cum ex adverso starent classes,

Just. 2, 14; so Suet. Caes. 39; Tib. 33.—In adversum, to the opposite side, against:

et duo in adversum immissi per moenia currus,

against each other, Prop. 3, 9, 23; so Gell. 2, 30; cf. Verg. A. 8, 237;

in adversum Romani subiere,

Liv. 1, 12; 7, 23.—

In hostile opposition to, adverse to, unfavorable, unpropitious (opp. secundus; frequent and class.): conqueri fortunam adversam, Pac. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 50:

hic dies pervorsus atque advorsus mihi obtigit,

Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 1:

advorsus nemini,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 37:

mentes improborum mihi infensae et adversae,

Cic. Sull. 10:

acclamatio,

id. de Or. 2, 83: adversā avi aliquid facere, vet. poët. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 16:

adversis auspiciis,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 64, 6:

adversum omen,

Suet. Vit. 8:

adversissima auspicia,

id. Oth. 8: adversae res, misfortune, calamity, adverse fortune:

ut adversas res, sic secundas immoderate ferre levitatis est,

Cic. Off. 1, 26; cf.:

adversi casus,

Nep. Dat. 5:

adversae rerum undae,

a sea of troubles, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 22: omnia secundissima nobis, adversissima illis accidisse, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 9 (the sup. is found also in Cæs. B. C. 3, 107):

quae magistratus ille dicet, secundis auribus, quae ab nostrum quo dicentur, adversis accipietis?

Liv. 6, 40:

adversus annus frugibus,

id. 4, 12:

valetudo adversa,

i. e. sickness, id. 10, 32:

adversum proelium,

an unsuccessful engagement, id. 7, 29; cf.

8, 31: adverso rumore esse,

to be in bad repute, to have a bad reputation, Tac. Ann. 14, 11:

adversa subsellia,

on which the opposition sit, Quint. 6, 1, 39.—Sometimes met. of feeling, contrary to, hated, hateful, odious:

quīs omnia regna advorsa sint,

Sall. J. 83; cf. Luc. 2, 229 Bentl.— Comp.:

neque est aliud adversius,

Plin. 32, 4, 14, § 35.—

* Adv.: adver-sē, self-contradictorily, Gell. 3, 16.— ad-versum, i, subst., esp. in the plur. adversa, misfortune, calamity, disaster, adversity, evil, mischief:

advorsa ejus per te tecta sient,

Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 28:

nihil adversi,

Cic. Brut. 1, 4:

si quid adversi accidisset,

Nep. Alc. 8; cf. Liv. 22, 40; 35, 13:

secunda felices, adversa magnos probant,

Plin. Pan. 31;

esp. freq. in Tac.: prospera et adversa pop. Rom., Ann. 1, 1: adversa tempestatum et fluctuum,

id. Agr. 25; so id. A. 3, 24; 45; 2, 69; 4, 13 al.— Subst.: adversus, i, m., an opponent, adversary (rare):

multosque mortalīs ea causa advorsos habeo,

Sall. C. 52, 7.—In Quint. also once ad-versa, ae, f., subst., a female opponent or adversary: natura noverca fuerit, si facultatem dicendi sociam scelerum, adversam innocentiae, invenit, 12, 1, 2.—

In rhet., opposed to another of the same genus, e. g. sapientia and stultitia: “Haec quae ex eodem genere contraria sunt, appellantur adversa,” Cic. Top. 11.

adversus or adversum (archaic advor-) (like rursus and rursum, prorsus and prorsum, quorsus and quorsum), adv. and prep., denoting direction to or toward an object (syn.: contra, in with acc., ad, erga).

Adv.: opposite to, against, to, or toward a thing, in a friendly or hostile sense:

ibo advorsum,

Plaut. As. 2, 2, 29:

facito, ut venias advorsum mihi,

id. Men. 2, 3, 82:

obsecro te, matri ne quid tuae advorsus fuas, Liv. And. ap. Non. s. v. fuam, 111, 12 (Trag. Rel. p. 3 Rib.): quis hic est, qui advorsus it mihi?

Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 22:

adversus resistere,

Nep. Pelop. 1, 3:

nemo adversus ibat,

Liv. 37, 13, 8 al. In Plaut. and Ter. advorsum ire, or venire, to go to meet; also of a slave, to go to meet his master and bring him from a place (hence adversitor, q. v.):

solus nunc eo advorsum hero ex plurimis servis,

Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 23:

ei advorsum venimus,

id. ib. 4, 2, 32; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 2 Ruhnk.—

Prep. with acc., toward or against, in a friendly or a hostile sense.

In a friendly sense.

Of place, turned to or toward, opposite to, before, facing, over against: qui cotidie unguentatus adversum speculum ornetur, before the mirror, Scipio ap. Gell. 7, 12:

adversus advocatos,

Liv. 45, 7, 5:

medicus debet residere illustri loco adversus aegrum,

opposite to the patient, Cels. 3, 6:

adversus Scyllam vergens in Italiam,

Plin. 3, 8, 14, § 87:

Lerina, adversum Antipolim,

id. 3, 5, 11, § 79.—

In the presence of any one, before:

egone ut te advorsum mentiar, mater mea?

Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 9: idque gratum fuisse advorsum te habeo gratiam, I am thankful that this is acceptable before ( to) thee, Ter. And. 1, 1, 15: paululum adversus praesentem fortitudinem mollitus, somewhat softened at such firmness (of his wife), Tac. A. 15, 63.—Hence very often with verbs of speaking, answering, complaining, etc., to declare or express one's self to any one, to excuse one's self or apologize, and the like: te oportet hoc proloqui advorsum illam mihi, Enn. ap. Non. 232, 24 (Trag. v. 385 Vahl.):

immo si audias, quae dicta dixit me advorsum tibi,

what he told me of you, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 47: de vita ac morte domini fabulavere advorsum fratrem illius, Afran. ap. Non. 232, 25:

mulier, credo, advorsum illum res suas conqueritur,

Titin. ib. 232, 21:

utendum est excusatione etiam adversus eos, quos invitus offendas,

Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68; Tac. A. 3, 71.— With that to which a reply is made, to (= ad):

adversus ea consul... respondit,

Liv. 4, 10, 12; 22, 40, 1; cf. Drak. ad 3, 57, 1.—

In comparison, as if one thing were held toward, set against, or before another (v. ad, I. D. 4.); against, in comparison with, compared to:

repente lectus adversus veterem imperatorem comparabitur,

will be compared with, Liv. 24, 8, 8:

quid autem esse duo prospera bella Samnitium adversus tot decora populi Rom.,

id. 7, 32, 8.—

Of demeanor toward one, to, toward:

quonam modo me gererem adversus Caesarem,

Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 11:

te adversus me omnia audere gratum est,

i. e. on my account, on my behalf, for my advantage, id. ib. 9, 22, 15:

lentae adversum imperia aures,

Tac. A. 1, 65.—Esp. often of friendly feeling, love, esteem, respect toward or for one (cf. Ruhnk. ad Ter. And. 4, 1, 15; Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 9, 22; Heusing. ad Cic. Off. 1, 11, 1;

Hab. Syn. 49): est enim pietas justitia adversus deos,

Cic. N. D. 1, 41, 116; id. Off. 3, 6, 28:

adhibenda est igitur quaedam reverentia adversus homines,

id. ib. 1, 28, 99 Beier:

sunt quaedam officia adversus eos servanda, a quibus injuriam acceperis,

id. ib. 1, 11, 33:

adversus merita ingratissimus,

Vell. 2, 69, 5:

summa adversus alios aequitas erat,

Liv. 3, 33, 8:

ob egregiam fidem adversus Romanos,

id. 29, 8, 2; so id. 45, 8, 4 al.:

beneficentiā adversus supplices utendum,

Tac. A. 11, 17.— More rarely

of the general relation of an object or act to a person or thing (v. ad, I. D. 1.), in relation, in respect, or in regard to a thing:

epistula, ut adversus magistrum morum, modestior,

as addressed to a censor of manners, Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 8:

quasi adversus eos acquieverit sententiae,

in regard to the same, Dig. 49, 1; 3, 1.—

In a hostile sense, against (the most usual class. signif. of this word): “Contra et adversus ita differunt, quod contra, ad locum, ut: contra basilicam; adversus, ad animi motum, ut: adversus illum facio; interdum autem promiscue accipitur,” Charis. p. 207 P.; cf. Cort. ad Sall. J. 101, 8:

advorsum legem accepisti a plurimis pecuniam,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 48:

advorsum te fabulare illud,

against thy interest, to thy disadvantage, id. Stich. 4, 2, 11:

stultus est advorsus aetatem et capitis canitudinem, id. ap. Fest. s. v. canitudinem, p. 47: advorsum animi tui libidinem,

Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 19:

adversum leges, adversum rem publicam,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 195:

respondebat, SI PARET, ADVERSUM EDICTUM FECISSE,

id. ib. 2, 3, 28, §

69: me adversus populum Romanum possem defendere,

id. Phil. 1, 13 al. —In the histt., of a hostile attack, approach, etc.:

gladiis districtis impetum adversus montem in cohortes faciunt,

Caes. B. C. 1, 46:

adversus se non esse missos exercitus,

Liv. 3, 66:

bellum adversum Xerxem moret,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 3:

copiis quibus usi adversus Romanum bellum,

Liv. 8, 2, 5:

adversus vim atque injuriam pugnantes,

id. 26, 25, 10 al.:

T. Quintius adversus Gallos missus est,

Eutr. 2, 2: Athenienses adversus tantam tempestatem belli duos duces deligunt, Just. 3, 6, 12 al.—Among physicians, of preventives against sickness, against (v. ad, I. A. 2.):

adversus profusionem in his auxilium est,

Cels. 5, 26; 6, 27 al.:

frigidus jam artus et cluso corpore adversum vim veneni,

Tac. A. 15, 64.— Trop.:

egregium adversus tempestates receptaculum,

Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 4; so id. ib. 2, 15, 36.—Hence: firmus, invictus, fortis adversus aliquid (like contra), protected against a thing, firm, fixed, secure:

advorsum divitias animum invictum gerebat,

Sall. J. 43, 5:

invictus adversum gratiam animus,

Tac. A. 15, 21:

adversus convicia malosque rumores firmus ac patiens,

Suet. Tib. 28:

Adversus omnes fortis feras canis,

Phaedr. 5, 10, 1; and in opp. sense: infirmus, inferior adversus aliquid, powerless against, unequal to:

fama, infirmissimum adversus vivos fortes telum,

Curt. 4, 14:

infirmus adversum pecuniam,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 9, 6:

inferior adversus laborem,

id. Epit. 40, 20.

Adversus is rarely put after the word which it governs:

egone ut te advorsum mentiar,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 9:

hunc adversus,

Nep. Con. 2, 2; id. Tim. 4, 3:

quos advorsum ierat,

Sall. J. 101, 8.—

It sometimes suffers tmesis:

Labienum ad Oceanum versus proficisci jubet,

Caes. B. G. 6, 33:

animadvortit fugam ad se vorsum fieri,

Sall. J. 58:

animum advortere ad se vorsum exercitum pergere,

id. ib. 69: ad Cordubam versus iter facere coepit, Auct. B. Hisp. 10 and 11; cf. in-versus:

in Galliam vorsus castra movere,

Sall. C. 56; Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 12; Traj. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 78; the Eng. to-ward: to us ward, Psa. 40, 5; and the Gr. eis-de: eis halade, Hom. Od. 10, 351.

ad-verto (archaic advor-), ti, sum, 3, v. a., to turn a thing to or toward a place (in this signif., without animus; mostly poet.; syn.: observare, animadvertere, videre, cognoscere).

Lit.

In gen., with in or dat.:

illa sese huc advorterat in hanc nostram plateam,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 51:

in quamcunque domus lumina partem,

Ov. M. 6, 180; cf. id. ib. 8, 482:

malis numen,

Verg. A. 4, 611:

huc aures, huc, quaeso, advertite sensus,

Sil. 16, 213; cf. id. 6, 105.—

Esp., a naut. t. t., to turn, direct, steer a ship to a place:

classem in portum,

Liv. 37, 9 Drak.:

terrae proras,

Verg. A. 7, 35; id. G. 4, 117 al.:

Colchos puppim,

Ov. H. 12, 23.— Absol.:

profugi advertere coloni,

landed, Sil. 1, 288;

hence also transf. to other things: aequore cursum,

Verg. A. 7, 196:

pedem ripae,

id. ib. 6, 386:

urbi agmen,

id. ib. 12, 555: adverti with acc. poet. for verti ad:

Scythicas advertitur oras,

Ov. M. 5, 649 (cf. adducor litora remis, id. ib. 3, 598, and Rudd. II. p. 327).

Fig.

Animum (in the poets and Livy also animos, rarely mentem) advertere; absol., or with adv. or ad aliquid, or alicui rei, to direct the mind, thoughts, or attention to a thing, to advert to, give attention to, attend to, to heed, observe, remark:

si voles advortere animum, Enn. ap. Var. L. L. 7, § 89 Müll. (Trag. v. 386 Vahl.): facete advortis animum tuum ad animum meum,

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 39:

nunc huc animum advortite ambo,

id. ib. 3, 1, 169:

advertunt animos ad religionem,

Lucr. 3, 54:

monitis animos advertite nostris,

Ov. M. 15, 140:

animum etiam levissimis rebus adverterent,

Tac. A. 13, 49.—With ne, when the object of attention is expressed:

ut animum advertant, ne quos offendant,

Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68:

adverterent animos, ne quid novi tumultūs oriretur,

Liv. 4, 45.—

Animum advertere, to observe a thing by directing the mind to it, to observe, to notice, to remark, to perceive (in the class. period contracted to animadvertere, q. v.).—Constr. with two accusatives, animum advertere aliquid (where aliquid may be regarded as depending on the prep. in comp., Roby, § 1118, or on animum advertere, considered as one idea, to observe), with acc. and inf., or rel. clause (the first mode of construction, most frequent with the pronouns id, hoc, illud, etc., is for the most part ante-class., and appears in Caes., Cic., and Sall. as an archaism):

et hoc animum advorte,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 43:

hanc edictionem,

id. ib. 1, 2, 10:

haec animum te advertere par est,

Lucr. 2, 125:

animum adverti columellam e dumis eminentem,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 65; id. Inv. 2, 51, 153:

Postquam id animum advertit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 24; 4, 12:

quidam Ligus animum advortit inter saxa repentīs cocleas,

Sall. J. 93, 2. In Vitruv. once with hinc:

ut etiam possumus hinc animum advertere,

as we can hence perceive, Vitr. 10, 22, 262.—With the acc. and inf.:

postquam tantopere id vos velle animum advorteram,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 16:

animum advertit magnas esse copiashostium instructas,

Caes. B. G. 5, 18: cum animum adverteret locum relictum esse, Auct. B. Alex. 31; ib. 46.—With the rel. clause: nunc quam rem vitio dent, quaeso, animum advortite, Ter. And. prol. 8: quid ille sperare possit, animum adverte, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9:

quam multarum rerum ipse ignarus esset... animum advertit,

Liv. 24, 48. Sometimes advertere alone = animum advertere; so once in Cicero's letters: nam advertebatur Pompeii familiares assentiri Volcatio, Fam. 1, 1 (although here, as well as almost everywhere, the readings fluctuate between advertere and animadvertere; cf. Orell. ad h. l.; animadvertebatur, B. and K.). So Verg. in the imp.:

qua ratione quod instat, Confieri possit, paucis, adverte, docebo,

attend! Verg. A. 4, 115.—In the histt., esp. Tac. and Pliny, more frequently:

donec advertit Tiberius,

Tac. A. 4, 54:

Zenobiam advertere pastores,

id. ib. 12, 51:

advertere quosdam cultu externo in sedibus senatorum,

id. ib. 13, 54:

quotiens novum aliquid adverterat,

id. ib. 15, 30 al.:

hirudo quam sanguisugam appellari adverto,

Plin. 8, 10, 10, § 29:

ut multos adverto credidisse,

id. 2, 67, 67, § 168. Still more rarely, advertere animo:

animis advertite vestris,

Verg. A. 2, 712:

hanc scientiam ad nostros pervenisse animo adverto,

Plin. 25, 2, 3, § 5; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 4, 27, 8.—

To draw or turn something, esp. the attention of another, to or upon one's self (in the histt.):

gemitus ac planctus militum aures oraque advertere,

Tac. A. 1, 41:

octo aquilae imperatorem advertere,

id. ib. 2, 17: recentia veteraque odia advertit, drew them on himself, id. ib. 4, 21 al.—

To call the attention of one to a definite act, i. e. to admonish of it, to urge to it (cf. II. A.):

non docet admonitio, sed advertit,

i. e. directs attention, Sen. Ep. 94:

advertit ea res Vespasiani animum, ut, etc.,

Tac. H. 3, 48.—

Advertere in aliquem, for the more usual animadvertere in aliquem, to attend to one, i. e. to punish one (only in Tac.):

in P. Marcium consules more prisco advertere,

Tac. A. 2, 32:

ut in reliquos Sejani liberos adverteretur,

id. ib. 5, 9 (cf. id. Germ. 7, 3: animadvertere).—Hence,

adversus (archaic advor-), a, um, P. a., turned to or toward a thing, with the face or front toward, standing over against, opposite, before, in front of (opp. aversus).

In gen.:

solem adversum intueri,

Cic. Somn. Scip. 5:

Iris... Mille trahens varios adverso sole colores,

Verg. A. 4, 701; id. G. 1, 218:

antipodes adversis vestigiis stant contra nostra vestigia,

Cic. Ac. 2, 39: dentes adversi acuti ( the sharp front teeth) morsu dividunt escas, Cic. N. D. 2, 54:

quod is collis, tantum adversus in latitudinem patebat, quantum etc.,

Caes. B. G. 2, 8 Herz. So, hostes adversi, who make front against one advancing or retreating, id. ib. 2, 24:

L. Cotta legatus in adversum os fundā vulneratur,

in front, Caes. B. G. 5, 35; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 1; Liv. 21, 7 fin. al.; hence, vulnus adversum, a wound in front (on the contr., vulnus aversum, a wound in the back), Cic. Har. Resp. 19:

adversis vulneribus,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 35, 4:

judicibus cicatrices adversas ostendere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 28:

cicatrices populus Romanus aspiceret adverso corpore exceptas,

id. Verr. 5, 3:

impetus hostium adversos, Auct. B. Alex. 8: Romani advorso colle evadunt,

ascend the hill in front, Sall. J. 52:

adversa signa,

Liv. 30, 8:

legiones quas Visellius et C. Silius adversis itineribus objecerant,

i. e. marches in which they went to meet the enemy, Tac. A. 3, 42: sed adverso fulgure ( by a flash of lightning falling directly before him) pavefactus est Nero, Suet. Ner. 48:

armenta egit Hannibal in adversos montes,

Quint. 2, 17, 19; cf. Lucr. 3, 1013; so Hor. S. 1, 1, 103; 2, 3, 205:

qui timet his adversa,

the opposite of this, id. Ep. 1, 6, 9 al. —Hence, of rivers: flumine adverso, up the stream, against the stream:

in adversum flumen contendere,

Lucr. 4, 423:

adverso feruntur flumine,

id. 6, 720; so Verg. G. 1, 201:

adverso amne,

Plin. 18, 6, 7, § 33;

adverso Tiberi subvehi,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 22, 3 (opp. to secundā aquā, down stream, with the stream:

rate in secundam aquam labente,

Liv. 21, 47, 3); and of winds, opposed to a vessel's course, head winds, contrary winds, consequently unfavorable, adverse:

navigationes adversis ventis praecluduntur, Auct. B. Alex. 8: adversissimi navigantibus venti,

Caes. B. C. 3, 107.— Subst.: adversum, i, the opposite: hic ventus a septentrionibus oriens adversum tenet Athenis proficiscentibus, [p. 50] holds the opposite to those sailing from Athens, i. e. blows against them, Nep. Milt. 1 (so Nipperdey; but v. Hand, Turs. I. p. 183). — Adv.: ex adverso, also written exadverso and exadversum, opposite to, over against, ek tou enantiou:

portus ex adverso urbi positus,

Liv. 45, 10.—With gen.:

Patrae ex adverso Aetoliae et fluminis Eveni,

Plin. 4, 4, 5, § 11.—Without case:

cum ex adverso starent classes,

Just. 2, 14; so Suet. Caes. 39; Tib. 33.—In adversum, to the opposite side, against:

et duo in adversum immissi per moenia currus,

against each other, Prop. 3, 9, 23; so Gell. 2, 30; cf. Verg. A. 8, 237;

in adversum Romani subiere,

Liv. 1, 12; 7, 23.—

In hostile opposition to, adverse to, unfavorable, unpropitious (opp. secundus; frequent and class.): conqueri fortunam adversam, Pac. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 50:

hic dies pervorsus atque advorsus mihi obtigit,

Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 1:

advorsus nemini,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 37:

mentes improborum mihi infensae et adversae,

Cic. Sull. 10:

acclamatio,

id. de Or. 2, 83: adversā avi aliquid facere, vet. poët. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 16:

adversis auspiciis,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 64, 6:

adversum omen,

Suet. Vit. 8:

adversissima auspicia,

id. Oth. 8: adversae res, misfortune, calamity, adverse fortune:

ut adversas res, sic secundas immoderate ferre levitatis est,

Cic. Off. 1, 26; cf.:

adversi casus,

Nep. Dat. 5:

adversae rerum undae,

a sea of troubles, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 22: omnia secundissima nobis, adversissima illis accidisse, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 9 (the sup. is found also in Cæs. B. C. 3, 107):

quae magistratus ille dicet, secundis auribus, quae ab nostrum quo dicentur, adversis accipietis?

Liv. 6, 40:

adversus annus frugibus,

id. 4, 12:

valetudo adversa,

i. e. sickness, id. 10, 32:

adversum proelium,

an unsuccessful engagement, id. 7, 29; cf.

8, 31: adverso rumore esse,

to be in bad repute, to have a bad reputation, Tac. Ann. 14, 11:

adversa subsellia,

on which the opposition sit, Quint. 6, 1, 39.—Sometimes met. of feeling, contrary to, hated, hateful, odious:

quīs omnia regna advorsa sint,

Sall. J. 83; cf. Luc. 2, 229 Bentl.— Comp.:

neque est aliud adversius,

Plin. 32, 4, 14, § 35.—

* Adv.: adver-sē, self-contradictorily, Gell. 3, 16.— ad-versum, i, subst., esp. in the plur. adversa, misfortune, calamity, disaster, adversity, evil, mischief:

advorsa ejus per te tecta sient,

Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 28:

nihil adversi,

Cic. Brut. 1, 4:

si quid adversi accidisset,

Nep. Alc. 8; cf. Liv. 22, 40; 35, 13:

secunda felices, adversa magnos probant,

Plin. Pan. 31;

esp. freq. in Tac.: prospera et adversa pop. Rom., Ann. 1, 1: adversa tempestatum et fluctuum,

id. Agr. 25; so id. A. 3, 24; 45; 2, 69; 4, 13 al.— Subst.: adversus, i, m., an opponent, adversary (rare):

multosque mortalīs ea causa advorsos habeo,

Sall. C. 52, 7.—In Quint. also once ad-versa, ae, f., subst., a female opponent or adversary: natura noverca fuerit, si facultatem dicendi sociam scelerum, adversam innocentiae, invenit, 12, 1, 2.—

In rhet., opposed to another of the same genus, e. g. sapientia and stultitia: “Haec quae ex eodem genere contraria sunt, appellantur adversa,” Cic. Top. 11.

adversus or adversum (archaic advor-) (like rursus and rursum, prorsus and prorsum, quorsus and quorsum), adv. and prep., denoting direction to or toward an object (syn.: contra, in with acc., ad, erga).

Adv.: opposite to, against, to, or toward a thing, in a friendly or hostile sense:

ibo advorsum,

Plaut. As. 2, 2, 29:

facito, ut venias advorsum mihi,

id. Men. 2, 3, 82:

obsecro te, matri ne quid tuae advorsus fuas, Liv. And. ap. Non. s. v. fuam, 111, 12 (Trag. Rel. p. 3 Rib.): quis hic est, qui advorsus it mihi?

Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 22:

adversus resistere,

Nep. Pelop. 1, 3:

nemo adversus ibat,

Liv. 37, 13, 8 al. In Plaut. and Ter. advorsum ire, or venire, to go to meet; also of a slave, to go to meet his master and bring him from a place (hence adversitor, q. v.):

solus nunc eo advorsum hero ex plurimis servis,

Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 23:

ei advorsum venimus,

id. ib. 4, 2, 32; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 2 Ruhnk.—

Prep. with acc., toward or against, in a friendly or a hostile sense.

In a friendly sense.

Of place, turned to or toward, opposite to, before, facing, over against: qui cotidie unguentatus adversum speculum ornetur, before the mirror, Scipio ap. Gell. 7, 12:

adversus advocatos,

Liv. 45, 7, 5:

medicus debet residere illustri loco adversus aegrum,

opposite to the patient, Cels. 3, 6:

adversus Scyllam vergens in Italiam,

Plin. 3, 8, 14, § 87:

Lerina, adversum Antipolim,

id. 3, 5, 11, § 79.—

In the presence of any one, before:

egone ut te advorsum mentiar, mater mea?

Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 9: idque gratum fuisse advorsum te habeo gratiam, I am thankful that this is acceptable before ( to) thee, Ter. And. 1, 1, 15: paululum adversus praesentem fortitudinem mollitus, somewhat softened at such firmness (of his wife), Tac. A. 15, 63.—Hence very often with verbs of speaking, answering, complaining, etc., to declare or express one's self to any one, to excuse one's self or apologize, and the like: te oportet hoc proloqui advorsum illam mihi, Enn. ap. Non. 232, 24 (Trag. v. 385 Vahl.):

immo si audias, quae dicta dixit me advorsum tibi,

what he told me of you, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 47: de vita ac morte domini fabulavere advorsum fratrem illius, Afran. ap. Non. 232, 25:

mulier, credo, advorsum illum res suas conqueritur,

Titin. ib. 232, 21:

utendum est excusatione etiam adversus eos, quos invitus offendas,

Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68; Tac. A. 3, 71.— With that to which a reply is made, to (= ad):

adversus ea consul... respondit,

Liv. 4, 10, 12; 22, 40, 1; cf. Drak. ad 3, 57, 1.—

In comparison, as if one thing were held toward, set against, or before another (v. ad, I. D. 4.); against, in comparison with, compared to:

repente lectus adversus veterem imperatorem comparabitur,

will be compared with, Liv. 24, 8, 8:

quid autem esse duo prospera bella Samnitium adversus tot decora populi Rom.,

id. 7, 32, 8.—

Of demeanor toward one, to, toward:

quonam modo me gererem adversus Caesarem,

Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 11:

te adversus me omnia audere gratum est,

i. e. on my account, on my behalf, for my advantage, id. ib. 9, 22, 15:

lentae adversum imperia aures,

Tac. A. 1, 65.—Esp. often of friendly feeling, love, esteem, respect toward or for one (cf. Ruhnk. ad Ter. And. 4, 1, 15; Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 9, 22; Heusing. ad Cic. Off. 1, 11, 1;

Hab. Syn. 49): est enim pietas justitia adversus deos,

Cic. N. D. 1, 41, 116; id. Off. 3, 6, 28:

adhibenda est igitur quaedam reverentia adversus homines,

id. ib. 1, 28, 99 Beier:

sunt quaedam officia adversus eos servanda, a quibus injuriam acceperis,

id. ib. 1, 11, 33:

adversus merita ingratissimus,

Vell. 2, 69, 5:

summa adversus alios aequitas erat,

Liv. 3, 33, 8:

ob egregiam fidem adversus Romanos,

id. 29, 8, 2; so id. 45, 8, 4 al.:

beneficentiā adversus supplices utendum,

Tac. A. 11, 17.— More rarely

of the general relation of an object or act to a person or thing (v. ad, I. D. 1.), in relation, in respect, or in regard to a thing:

epistula, ut adversus magistrum morum, modestior,

as addressed to a censor of manners, Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 8:

quasi adversus eos acquieverit sententiae,

in regard to the same, Dig. 49, 1; 3, 1.—

In a hostile sense, against (the most usual class. signif. of this word): “Contra et adversus ita differunt, quod contra, ad locum, ut: contra basilicam; adversus, ad animi motum, ut: adversus illum facio; interdum autem promiscue accipitur,” Charis. p. 207 P.; cf. Cort. ad Sall. J. 101, 8:

advorsum legem accepisti a plurimis pecuniam,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 48:

advorsum te fabulare illud,

against thy interest, to thy disadvantage, id. Stich. 4, 2, 11:

stultus est advorsus aetatem et capitis canitudinem, id. ap. Fest. s. v. canitudinem, p. 47: advorsum animi tui libidinem,

Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 19:

adversum leges, adversum rem publicam,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 195:

respondebat, SI PARET, ADVERSUM EDICTUM FECISSE,

id. ib. 2, 3, 28, §

69: me adversus populum Romanum possem defendere,

id. Phil. 1, 13 al. —In the histt., of a hostile attack, approach, etc.:

gladiis districtis impetum adversus montem in cohortes faciunt,

Caes. B. C. 1, 46:

adversus se non esse missos exercitus,

Liv. 3, 66:

bellum adversum Xerxem moret,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 3:

copiis quibus usi adversus Romanum bellum,

Liv. 8, 2, 5:

adversus vim atque injuriam pugnantes,

id. 26, 25, 10 al.:

T. Quintius adversus Gallos missus est,

Eutr. 2, 2: Athenienses adversus tantam tempestatem belli duos duces deligunt, Just. 3, 6, 12 al.—Among physicians, of preventives against sickness, against (v. ad, I. A. 2.):

adversus profusionem in his auxilium est,

Cels. 5, 26; 6, 27 al.:

frigidus jam artus et cluso corpore adversum vim veneni,

Tac. A. 15, 64.— Trop.:

egregium adversus tempestates receptaculum,

Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 4; so id. ib. 2, 15, 36.—Hence: firmus, invictus, fortis adversus aliquid (like contra), protected against a thing, firm, fixed, secure:

advorsum divitias animum invictum gerebat,

Sall. J. 43, 5:

invictus adversum gratiam animus,

Tac. A. 15, 21:

adversus convicia malosque rumores firmus ac patiens,

Suet. Tib. 28:

Adversus omnes fortis feras canis,

Phaedr. 5, 10, 1; and in opp. sense: infirmus, inferior adversus aliquid, powerless against, unequal to:

fama, infirmissimum adversus vivos fortes telum,

Curt. 4, 14:

infirmus adversum pecuniam,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 9, 6:

inferior adversus laborem,

id. Epit. 40, 20.

Adversus is rarely put after the word which it governs:

egone ut te advorsum mentiar,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 9:

hunc adversus,

Nep. Con. 2, 2; id. Tim. 4, 3:

quos advorsum ierat,

Sall. J. 101, 8.—

It sometimes suffers tmesis:

Labienum ad Oceanum versus proficisci jubet,

Caes. B. G. 6, 33:

animadvortit fugam ad se vorsum fieri,

Sall. J. 58:

animum advortere ad se vorsum exercitum pergere,

id. ib. 69: ad Cordubam versus iter facere coepit, Auct. B. Hisp. 10 and 11; cf. in-versus:

in Galliam vorsus castra movere,

Sall. C. 56; Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 12; Traj. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 78; the Eng. to-ward: to us ward, Psa. 40, 5; and the Gr. eis-de: eis halade, Hom. Od. 10, 351.

ad-verto (archaic advor-), ti, sum, 3, v. a., to turn a thing to or toward a place (in this signif., without animus; mostly poet.; syn.: observare, animadvertere, videre, cognoscere).

Lit.

In gen., with in or dat.:

illa sese huc advorterat in hanc nostram plateam,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 51:

in quamcunque domus lumina partem,

Ov. M. 6, 180; cf. id. ib. 8, 482:

malis numen,

Verg. A. 4, 611:

huc aures, huc, quaeso, advertite sensus,

Sil. 16, 213; cf. id. 6, 105.—

Esp., a naut. t. t., to turn, direct, steer a ship to a place:

classem in portum,

Liv. 37, 9 Drak.:

terrae proras,

Verg. A. 7, 35; id. G. 4, 117 al.:

Colchos puppim,

Ov. H. 12, 23.— Absol.:

profugi advertere coloni,

landed, Sil. 1, 288;

hence also transf. to other things: aequore cursum,

Verg. A. 7, 196:

pedem ripae,

id. ib. 6, 386:

urbi agmen,

id. ib. 12, 555: adverti with acc. poet. for verti ad:

Scythicas advertitur oras,

Ov. M. 5, 649 (cf. adducor litora remis, id. ib. 3, 598, and Rudd. II. p. 327).

Fig.

Animum (in the poets and Livy also animos, rarely mentem) advertere; absol., or with adv. or ad aliquid, or alicui rei, to direct the mind, thoughts, or attention to a thing, to advert to, give attention to, attend to, to heed, observe, remark:

si voles advortere animum, Enn. ap. Var. L. L. 7, § 89 Müll. (Trag. v. 386 Vahl.): facete advortis animum tuum ad animum meum,

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 39:

nunc huc animum advortite ambo,

id. ib. 3, 1, 169:

advertunt animos ad religionem,

Lucr. 3, 54:

monitis animos advertite nostris,

Ov. M. 15, 140:

animum etiam levissimis rebus adverterent,

Tac. A. 13, 49.—With ne, when the object of attention is expressed:

ut animum advertant, ne quos offendant,

Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68:

adverterent animos, ne quid novi tumultūs oriretur,

Liv. 4, 45.—

Animum advertere, to observe a thing by directing the mind to it, to observe, to notice, to remark, to perceive (in the class. period contracted to animadvertere, q. v.).—Constr. with two accusatives, animum advertere aliquid (where aliquid may be regarded as depending on the prep. in comp., Roby, § 1118, or on animum advertere, considered as one idea, to observe), with acc. and inf., or rel. clause (the first mode of construction, most frequent with the pronouns id, hoc, illud, etc., is for the most part ante-class., and appears in Caes., Cic., and Sall. as an archaism):

et hoc animum advorte,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 43:

hanc edictionem,

id. ib. 1, 2, 10:

haec animum te advertere par est,

Lucr. 2, 125:

animum adverti columellam e dumis eminentem,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 65; id. Inv. 2, 51, 153:

Postquam id animum advertit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 24; 4, 12:

quidam Ligus animum advortit inter saxa repentīs cocleas,

Sall. J. 93, 2. In Vitruv. once with hinc:

ut etiam possumus hinc animum advertere,

as we can hence perceive, Vitr. 10, 22, 262.—With the acc. and inf.:

postquam tantopere id vos velle animum advorteram,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 16:

animum advertit magnas esse copiashostium instructas,

Caes. B. G. 5, 18: cum animum adverteret locum relictum esse, Auct. B. Alex. 31; ib. 46.—With the rel. clause: nunc quam rem vitio dent, quaeso, animum advortite, Ter. And. prol. 8: quid ille sperare possit, animum adverte, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9:

quam multarum rerum ipse ignarus esset... animum advertit,

Liv. 24, 48. Sometimes advertere alone = animum advertere; so once in Cicero's letters: nam advertebatur Pompeii familiares assentiri Volcatio, Fam. 1, 1 (although here, as well as almost everywhere, the readings fluctuate between advertere and animadvertere; cf. Orell. ad h. l.; animadvertebatur, B. and K.). So Verg. in the imp.:

qua ratione quod instat, Confieri possit, paucis, adverte, docebo,

attend! Verg. A. 4, 115.—In the histt., esp. Tac. and Pliny, more frequently:

donec advertit Tiberius,

Tac. A. 4, 54:

Zenobiam advertere pastores,

id. ib. 12, 51:

advertere quosdam cultu externo in sedibus senatorum,

id. ib. 13, 54:

quotiens novum aliquid adverterat,

id. ib. 15, 30 al.:

hirudo quam sanguisugam appellari adverto,

Plin. 8, 10, 10, § 29:

ut multos adverto credidisse,

id. 2, 67, 67, § 168. Still more rarely, advertere animo:

animis advertite vestris,

Verg. A. 2, 712:

hanc scientiam ad nostros pervenisse animo adverto,

Plin. 25, 2, 3, § 5; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 4, 27, 8.—

To draw or turn something, esp. the attention of another, to or upon one's self (in the histt.):

gemitus ac planctus militum aures oraque advertere,

Tac. A. 1, 41:

octo aquilae imperatorem advertere,

id. ib. 2, 17: recentia veteraque odia advertit, drew them on himself, id. ib. 4, 21 al.—

To call the attention of one to a definite act, i. e. to admonish of it, to urge to it (cf. II. A.):

non docet admonitio, sed advertit,

i. e. directs attention, Sen. Ep. 94:

advertit ea res Vespasiani animum, ut, etc.,

Tac. H. 3, 48.—

Advertere in aliquem, for the more usual animadvertere in aliquem, to attend to one, i. e. to punish one (only in Tac.):

in P. Marcium consules more prisco advertere,

Tac. A. 2, 32:

ut in reliquos Sejani liberos adverteretur,

id. ib. 5, 9 (cf. id. Germ. 7, 3: animadvertere).—Hence,

adversus (archaic advor-), a, um, P. a., turned to or toward a thing, with the face or front toward, standing over against, opposite, before, in front of (opp. aversus).

In gen.:

solem adversum intueri,

Cic. Somn. Scip. 5:

Iris... Mille trahens varios adverso sole colores,

Verg. A. 4, 701; id. G. 1, 218:

antipodes adversis vestigiis stant contra nostra vestigia,

Cic. Ac. 2, 39: dentes adversi acuti ( the sharp front teeth) morsu dividunt escas, Cic. N. D. 2, 54:

quod is collis, tantum adversus in latitudinem patebat, quantum etc.,

Caes. B. G. 2, 8 Herz. So, hostes adversi, who make front against one advancing or retreating, id. ib. 2, 24:

L. Cotta legatus in adversum os fundā vulneratur,

in front, Caes. B. G. 5, 35; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 1; Liv. 21, 7 fin. al.; hence, vulnus adversum, a wound in front (on the contr., vulnus aversum, a wound in the back), Cic. Har. Resp. 19:

adversis vulneribus,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 35, 4:

judicibus cicatrices adversas ostendere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 28:

cicatrices populus Romanus aspiceret adverso corpore exceptas,

id. Verr. 5, 3:

impetus hostium adversos, Auct. B. Alex. 8: Romani advorso colle evadunt,

ascend the hill in front, Sall. J. 52:

adversa signa,

Liv. 30, 8:

legiones quas Visellius et C. Silius adversis itineribus objecerant,

i. e. marches in which they went to meet the enemy, Tac. A. 3, 42: sed adverso fulgure ( by a flash of lightning falling directly before him) pavefactus est Nero, Suet. Ner. 48:

armenta egit Hannibal in adversos montes,

Quint. 2, 17, 19; cf. Lucr. 3, 1013; so Hor. S. 1, 1, 103; 2, 3, 205:

qui timet his adversa,

the opposite of this, id. Ep. 1, 6, 9 al. —Hence, of rivers: flumine adverso, up the stream, against the stream:

in adversum flumen contendere,

Lucr. 4, 423:

adverso feruntur flumine,

id. 6, 720; so Verg. G. 1, 201:

adverso amne,

Plin. 18, 6, 7, § 33;

adverso Tiberi subvehi,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 22, 3 (opp. to secundā aquā, down stream, with the stream:

rate in secundam aquam labente,

Liv. 21, 47, 3); and of winds, opposed to a vessel's course, head winds, contrary winds, consequently unfavorable, adverse:

navigationes adversis ventis praecluduntur, Auct. B. Alex. 8: adversissimi navigantibus venti,

Caes. B. C. 3, 107.— Subst.: adversum, i, the opposite: hic ventus a septentrionibus oriens adversum tenet Athenis proficiscentibus, [p. 50] holds the opposite to those sailing from Athens, i. e. blows against them, Nep. Milt. 1 (so Nipperdey; but v. Hand, Turs. I. p. 183). — Adv.: ex adverso, also written exadverso and exadversum, opposite to, over against, ek tou enantiou:

portus ex adverso urbi positus,

Liv. 45, 10.—With gen.:

Patrae ex adverso Aetoliae et fluminis Eveni,

Plin. 4, 4, 5, § 11.—Without case:

cum ex adverso starent classes,

Just. 2, 14; so Suet. Caes. 39; Tib. 33.—In adversum, to the opposite side, against:

et duo in adversum immissi per moenia currus,

against each other, Prop. 3, 9, 23; so Gell. 2, 30; cf. Verg. A. 8, 237;

in adversum Romani subiere,

Liv. 1, 12; 7, 23.—

In hostile opposition to, adverse to, unfavorable, unpropitious (opp. secundus; frequent and class.): conqueri fortunam adversam, Pac. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 50:

hic dies pervorsus atque advorsus mihi obtigit,

Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 1:

advorsus nemini,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 37:

mentes improborum mihi infensae et adversae,

Cic. Sull. 10:

acclamatio,

id. de Or. 2, 83: adversā avi aliquid facere, vet. poët. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 16:

adversis auspiciis,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 64, 6:

adversum omen,

Suet. Vit. 8:

adversissima auspicia,

id. Oth. 8: adversae res, misfortune, calamity, adverse fortune:

ut adversas res, sic secundas immoderate ferre levitatis est,

Cic. Off. 1, 26; cf.:

adversi casus,

Nep. Dat. 5:

adversae rerum undae,

a sea of troubles, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 22: omnia secundissima nobis, adversissima illis accidisse, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 9 (the sup. is found also in Cæs. B. C. 3, 107):

quae magistratus ille dicet, secundis auribus, quae ab nostrum quo dicentur, adversis accipietis?

Liv. 6, 40:

adversus annus frugibus,

id. 4, 12:

valetudo adversa,

i. e. sickness, id. 10, 32:

adversum proelium,

an unsuccessful engagement, id. 7, 29; cf.

8, 31: adverso rumore esse,

to be in bad repute, to have a bad reputation, Tac. Ann. 14, 11:

adversa subsellia,

on which the opposition sit, Quint. 6, 1, 39.—Sometimes met. of feeling, contrary to, hated, hateful, odious:

quīs omnia regna advorsa sint,

Sall. J. 83; cf. Luc. 2, 229 Bentl.— Comp.:

neque est aliud adversius,

Plin. 32, 4, 14, § 35.—

* Adv.: adver-sē, self-contradictorily, Gell. 3, 16.— ad-versum, i, subst., esp. in the plur. adversa, misfortune, calamity, disaster, adversity, evil, mischief:

advorsa ejus per te tecta sient,

Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 28:

nihil adversi,

Cic. Brut. 1, 4:

si quid adversi accidisset,

Nep. Alc. 8; cf. Liv. 22, 40; 35, 13:

secunda felices, adversa magnos probant,

Plin. Pan. 31;

esp. freq. in Tac.: prospera et adversa pop. Rom., Ann. 1, 1: adversa tempestatum et fluctuum,

id. Agr. 25; so id. A. 3, 24; 45; 2, 69; 4, 13 al.— Subst.: adversus, i, m., an opponent, adversary (rare):

multosque mortalīs ea causa advorsos habeo,

Sall. C. 52, 7.—In Quint. also once ad-versa, ae, f., subst., a female opponent or adversary: natura noverca fuerit, si facultatem dicendi sociam scelerum, adversam innocentiae, invenit, 12, 1, 2.—

In rhet., opposed to another of the same genus, e. g. sapientia and stultitia: “Haec quae ex eodem genere contraria sunt, appellantur adversa,” Cic. Top. 11.

adversus or adversum (archaic advor-) (like rursus and rursum, prorsus and prorsum, quorsus and quorsum), adv. and prep., denoting direction to or toward an object (syn.: contra, in with acc., ad, erga).

Adv.: opposite to, against, to, or toward a thing, in a friendly or hostile sense:

ibo advorsum,

Plaut. As. 2, 2, 29:

facito, ut venias advorsum mihi,

id. Men. 2, 3, 82:

obsecro te, matri ne quid tuae advorsus fuas, Liv. And. ap. Non. s. v. fuam, 111, 12 (Trag. Rel. p. 3 Rib.): quis hic est, qui advorsus it mihi?

Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 22:

adversus resistere,

Nep. Pelop. 1, 3:

nemo adversus ibat,

Liv. 37, 13, 8 al. In Plaut. and Ter. advorsum ire, or venire, to go to meet; also of a slave, to go to meet his master and bring him from a place (hence adversitor, q. v.):

solus nunc eo advorsum hero ex plurimis servis,

Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 23:

ei advorsum venimus,

id. ib. 4, 2, 32; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 2 Ruhnk.—

Prep. with acc., toward or against, in a friendly or a hostile sense.

In a friendly sense.

Of place, turned to or toward, opposite to, before, facing, over against: qui cotidie unguentatus adversum speculum ornetur, before the mirror, Scipio ap. Gell. 7, 12:

adversus advocatos,

Liv. 45, 7, 5:

medicus debet residere illustri loco adversus aegrum,

opposite to the patient, Cels. 3, 6:

adversus Scyllam vergens in Italiam,

Plin. 3, 8, 14, § 87:

Lerina, adversum Antipolim,

id. 3, 5, 11, § 79.—

In the presence of any one, before:

egone ut te advorsum mentiar, mater mea?

Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 9: idque gratum fuisse advorsum te habeo gratiam, I am thankful that this is acceptable before ( to) thee, Ter. And. 1, 1, 15: paululum adversus praesentem fortitudinem mollitus, somewhat softened at such firmness (of his wife), Tac. A. 15, 63.—Hence very often with verbs of speaking, answering, complaining, etc., to declare or express one's self to any one, to excuse one's self or apologize, and the like: te oportet hoc proloqui advorsum illam mihi, Enn. ap. Non. 232, 24 (Trag. v. 385 Vahl.):

immo si audias, quae dicta dixit me advorsum tibi,

what he told me of you, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 47: de vita ac morte domini fabulavere advorsum fratrem illius, Afran. ap. Non. 232, 25:

mulier, credo, advorsum illum res suas conqueritur,

Titin. ib. 232, 21:

utendum est excusatione etiam adversus eos, quos invitus offendas,

Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68; Tac. A. 3, 71.— With that to which a reply is made, to (= ad):

adversus ea consul... respondit,

Liv. 4, 10, 12; 22, 40, 1; cf. Drak. ad 3, 57, 1.—

In comparison, as if one thing were held toward, set against, or before another (v. ad, I. D. 4.); against, in comparison with, compared to:

repente lectus adversus veterem imperatorem comparabitur,

will be compared with, Liv. 24, 8, 8:

quid autem esse duo prospera bella Samnitium adversus tot decora populi Rom.,

id. 7, 32, 8.—

Of demeanor toward one, to, toward:

quonam modo me gererem adversus Caesarem,

Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 11:

te adversus me omnia audere gratum est,

i. e. on my account, on my behalf, for my advantage, id. ib. 9, 22, 15:

lentae adversum imperia aures,

Tac. A. 1, 65.—Esp. often of friendly feeling, love, esteem, respect toward or for one (cf. Ruhnk. ad Ter. And. 4, 1, 15; Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 9, 22; Heusing. ad Cic. Off. 1, 11, 1;

Hab. Syn. 49): est enim pietas justitia adversus deos,

Cic. N. D. 1, 41, 116; id. Off. 3, 6, 28:

adhibenda est igitur quaedam reverentia adversus homines,

id. ib. 1, 28, 99 Beier:

sunt quaedam officia adversus eos servanda, a quibus injuriam acceperis,

id. ib. 1, 11, 33:

adversus merita ingratissimus,

Vell. 2, 69, 5:

summa adversus alios aequitas erat,

Liv. 3, 33, 8:

ob egregiam fidem adversus Romanos,

id. 29, 8, 2; so id. 45, 8, 4 al.:

beneficentiā adversus supplices utendum,

Tac. A. 11, 17.— More rarely

of the general relation of an object or act to a person or thing (v. ad, I. D. 1.), in relation, in respect, or in regard to a thing:

epistula, ut adversus magistrum morum, modestior,

as addressed to a censor of manners, Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 8:

quasi adversus eos acquieverit sententiae,

in regard to the same, Dig. 49, 1; 3, 1.—

In a hostile sense, against (the most usual class. signif. of this word): “Contra et adversus ita differunt, quod contra, ad locum, ut: contra basilicam; adversus, ad animi motum, ut: adversus illum facio; interdum autem promiscue accipitur,” Charis. p. 207 P.; cf. Cort. ad Sall. J. 101, 8:

advorsum legem accepisti a plurimis pecuniam,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 48:

advorsum te fabulare illud,

against thy interest, to thy disadvantage, id. Stich. 4, 2, 11:

stultus est advorsus aetatem et capitis canitudinem, id. ap. Fest. s. v. canitudinem, p. 47: advorsum animi tui libidinem,

Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 19:

adversum leges, adversum rem publicam,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 195:

respondebat, SI PARET, ADVERSUM EDICTUM FECISSE,

id. ib. 2, 3, 28, §

69: me adversus populum Romanum possem defendere,

id. Phil. 1, 13 al. —In the histt., of a hostile attack, approach, etc.:

gladiis districtis impetum adversus montem in cohortes faciunt,

Caes. B. C. 1, 46:

adversus se non esse missos exercitus,

Liv. 3, 66:

bellum adversum Xerxem moret,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 3:

copiis quibus usi adversus Romanum bellum,

Liv. 8, 2, 5:

adversus vim atque injuriam pugnantes,

id. 26, 25, 10 al.:

T. Quintius adversus Gallos missus est,

Eutr. 2, 2: Athenienses adversus tantam tempestatem belli duos duces deligunt, Just. 3, 6, 12 al.—Among physicians, of preventives against sickness, against (v. ad, I. A. 2.):

adversus profusionem in his auxilium est,

Cels. 5, 26; 6, 27 al.:

frigidus jam artus et cluso corpore adversum vim veneni,

Tac. A. 15, 64.— Trop.:

egregium adversus tempestates receptaculum,

Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 4; so id. ib. 2, 15, 36.—Hence: firmus, invictus, fortis adversus aliquid (like contra), protected against a thing, firm, fixed, secure:

advorsum divitias animum invictum gerebat,

Sall. J. 43, 5:

invictus adversum gratiam animus,

Tac. A. 15, 21:

adversus convicia malosque rumores firmus ac patiens,

Suet. Tib. 28:

Adversus omnes fortis feras canis,

Phaedr. 5, 10, 1; and in opp. sense: infirmus, inferior adversus aliquid, powerless against, unequal to:

fama, infirmissimum adversus vivos fortes telum,

Curt. 4, 14:

infirmus adversum pecuniam,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 9, 6:

inferior adversus laborem,

id. Epit. 40, 20.

Adversus is rarely put after the word which it governs:

egone ut te advorsum mentiar,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 9:

hunc adversus,

Nep. Con. 2, 2; id. Tim. 4, 3:

quos advorsum ierat,

Sall. J. 101, 8.—

It sometimes suffers tmesis:

Labienum ad Oceanum versus proficisci jubet,

Caes. B. G. 6, 33:

animadvortit fugam ad se vorsum fieri,

Sall. J. 58:

animum advortere ad se vorsum exercitum pergere,

id. ib. 69: ad Cordubam versus iter facere coepit, Auct. B. Hisp. 10 and 11; cf. in-versus:

in Galliam vorsus castra movere,

Sall. C. 56; Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 12; Traj. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 78; the Eng. to-ward: to us ward, Psa. 40, 5; and the Gr. eis-de: eis halade, Hom. Od. 10, 351.

affectĭo ( adf-), ōnis, f. [adficio].

The relation to or disposition toward a thing produced in a person by some influence (in this and the two foll. signif. almost peculiar to the philos. lang. of Cic.): comparantur ea, quae aut majora aut minora aut paria dicuntur;

in quibus spectantur haec: numerus, species, vis, quaedam etiam ad res aliquas adfectio,

relation, Cic. Top. 18, 68, and § 70; cf. id. ib. 2, 7.—

A.. A change in the state or condition of body or mind, a state or frame of mind, feeling (only transient, while habitus is lasting):

adfectio est animi aut corporis ex tempore aliqua de causa commutatio ut, laetitia, cupiditas, metus, molestia, morbus, debilitas, et alia, quae in eodem genere reperiuntur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 25, 36; 1, 2, 5; cf. 1, 2, 5, § 19. In Gellius = adfectus, as transl. of the Gr. pathos, Gell. 19, 12, 3.—

A permanent state of mind, a frame of mind, a state of feeling, Gr. diathesis:

virtus est adfectio animi constans conveniensque,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 34 Kühn (cf. in Gr. diathesis psuchês sumphônês hautêi, Stob. Ecl. Eth. 2, p. 104); id. Fin. 3, 26, 65 Goer.:

non mihi est vita mea utilior quam animi talis adfectio, neminem ut violem commodi mei gratiā,

id. Off. 2, 6, 29 Beier.—Also of body, as anal. to the mind, a fixed, permanent constitution: tu qui detinieris summum bonum firma corporis adfectione contineri, etc., Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 27.—And metaph. of the stars, their position in respect to one another:

astrorum,

a constellation, Cic. Fat. 4:

ex qua adfectione caeli primum spiritum duxerit,

id. Div. 2, 47 (cf. affectus, a, um, B.).—

Esp., a favorable disposition toward any one, love, affection, good-will (post-Aug. prose):

simiarum generi praecipua erga fetum adfectio,

Plin. 8, 54, 80:

egit Nero grates patribus laetas inter audientium adfectiones,

Tac. A. 4, 15:

argentum magis quam aurum sequuntur, nullā adfectione animi, sed quia, etc.,

id. G. 5; Just. 24, 3:

Artemisia Mausolum virum amāsse fertur ultra adfectionis humanae fidem,

Gell. 10, 18, 1.—Concr., the loved object: adfectiones, children, Cod. Th. 13, 9, 3.—

In the Lat. of the Pandects, ability of willing, will, volition, inclination (cf. 2. affectus, II. D.):

furiosus et pupillus non possunt incipere possidere, quia adfectionem tenendi non habent,

Dig. 5, 16, 60.

af-fīgo (better adf-), ixi, ixum, 3, v. a. (affixet for affixisset, Sil. 14, 536), to fix or fasten to or upon, to affix, annex, attach to; constr. with ad or dat.

Lit.:

sidera aetherieis adfixa caverneis,

Lucr. 4, 392:

corpus,

id. 4, 1104; 4, 1238:

litteram ad caput,

to affix as a brand, Cic. Rosc. Am. 20 fin.:

Minerva, cui pinnarum talaria adfigunt,

id. N. D. 3, 23:

Prometheus adfixus Caucaso,

id. Tusc. 5, 3, 8: aliquem patibulo, Sall. Fragm. ap. Non. 4, 355:

aliquem cuspide ad terram,

Liv. 4, 19:

aliquem cruci adfigere,

id. 28, 37:

signa Punicis Adfixa delubris,

Hor. C. 3, 5, 19:

lecto te adfixit,

id. S. 1, 1, 81 (cf. Sen. Ep. 67:

senectus me lectulo adfixit): radicem terrae,

Verg. G. 2, 318:

flammam lateri (turris),

id. A. 9, 536 al. —

Trop., to fix on, imprint or impress on:

aliquid animo,

to impress upon the mind, Quint. 2, 7, 18, and Sen. Ep. 11:

litteras pueris,

to imprint on their memory, Quint. 1, 1, 25.—Hence, adfixus, a, um, P. a.

Fastened to a person or thing, joined to; constr. alicui or ad rem:

jubes eum mihi esse adfixum tamquam magistro,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 6:

me sibi ille adfixum habebit,

id. Fam. 1, 8:

nos in exiguā parte terrae adfixi,

id. Rep. 1, 17:

anus adfixa foribus,

Tib. 1, 6, 61:

Tarraconensis adfixa Pyrenaeo,

situated close to, Plin. 3, 2, § 6. — Trop., impressed on, fixed to:

causa in animo sensuque meo penitus adfixa atque insita,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 53:

quae semper adfixa esse videntur ad rem neque ab eā possunt separari,

id. Inv. 1, 26 al. —

In the Latin of the Pandects: adfixa, ōrum, n., the appendages or appurtenances belonging to a possession:

domum instructam legavit cum omnibus adfixis,

with all pertaining thereto, all the fixtures, Dig. 33, 7, 18 fin.

af-firmo (better adf-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.

To present a thing in words, as fixed, firm, i. e. certain, true; to assert, maintain, aver, declare, asseverate, affirm:

dicendum est mihi, sed ita, nihil ut adfirmem, quaeram omnia,

Cic. Div. 2, 3; so id. Att. 13, 23; id. Brut. 1, 1:

jure jurando,

Liv. 29, 23:

quidam plures Deo ortos adfirmant,

Tac. G. 2; cf. id. Agr. 10:

adfirmavit non daturum se,

he protested that he would give nothing, Suet. Aug. 42.— Impers.:

atque affirmatur,

Tac. H. 2, 49.—Hence,

To give confirmation of the truth of a thing, to strengthen, to confirm, corroborate, sanction:

adfirmare spem alicui,

Liv. 1, 1:

opinionem,

id. 32, 35:

dicta alicujus,

id. 28, 2:

aliquid auctoritate sua,

id. 26, 24:

populi Romani virtutem armis,

Tac. H. 4, 73:

secuta anceps valetudo iram Deūm adfirmavit,

id. A. 14, 22.—Hence, * affirmanter ( adf-), adv. (of the absol. P. a. affirmans), with assurance or certainty, assuredly:

praedicere aliquid,

Gell. 14, 1, 24; and: af-firmātē ( adf-), adv. (of the absol. P. a. affirmatus), with asseveration, with assurance, certainly, assuredly, positively:

quod adfirmate, quasi Deo teste promiserit, id tenendum est,

Cic. Off. 3, 29.— Sup.:

adfirmatissime scribere aliquid,

Gell. 10, 12, 9.

Alcĭbĭădes, is, m. ( gen. Alcibiadi, Arn. adv. Gent. 6, p. 198; voc. Gr. Alcibiadē, Liv. 39, 36), = Alkibiadês.

An Athenian general in the time of the Peloponnesian war, distinguished for his beauty, wealth, and natural endowments, as well as for his changing fortunes and want of fixed principle, Cic. de Or. 2, 22; id. Tusc. 3, 22 (his life, v. in Plut., Nep., and Just.).—Hence, * Alcĭbĭădēus, a, um, adj., pertaining to him, Arn. 6, p. 198.—

The name of a later Greek in the time of the war with the Romans, Liv. 39, 36.

Alcĭbĭădes, is, m. ( gen. Alcibiadi, Arn. adv. Gent. 6, p. 198; voc. Gr. Alcibiadē, Liv. 39, 36), = Alkibiadês.

An Athenian general in the time of the Peloponnesian war, distinguished for his beauty, wealth, and natural endowments, as well as for his changing fortunes and want of fixed principle, Cic. de Or. 2, 22; id. Tusc. 3, 22 (his life, v. in Plut., Nep., and Just.).—Hence, * Alcĭbĭădēus, a, um, adj., pertaining to him, Arn. 6, p. 198.—

The name of a later Greek in the time of the war with the Romans, Liv. 39, 36.

ălĭquandŏ, temp. adv. [aliquis; Corssen, Ausspr. II. p. 856, regards the affix in this word and in quando as from an earlier -da = dies].

A.. In opp. to a definite, fixed point of time, at some time or other, once; at any time, ever (i. e. at an indefinite, undetermined time, of the past, present, and future; mostly in affirmative clauses, while umquam is only used of past and future time, and in negative clauses or those implying doubt; cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 2, 14, 51).—Of the past: neque ego umquam fuisse tale monstrum in terris ullum puto: quis clarioribus viris quodam tempore jucundior? quis turpioribus conjunctior: quis civis meliorum partium aliquando? Cic. Cael. 5, 12:

Ad quem angelorum dixit aliquando, Sede etc.,

Vulg. Heb. 1, 13.—Of the future:

erit illud profecto tempus et illucescet aliquando ille dies, etc.,

Cic. Mil. 26, 69:

cave, ne aliquando peccato consentias,

Vulg. Tob. 4, 6:

huic utinam aliquando gratiam referre possimus! Habebimus quidem semper,

Cic. Fam. 14, 4:

ne posset aliquando ad bellum faciendum locus ipse adhortari,

id. Off. 1, 11, 35.—Of the present: de rationibus et de controversiis societatis vult dijudicari. Sero: verum aliquando tamen, but yet once, in opp. to not at all, never, Cic. Quint. 13, 43.—

With non, nec (eccl. Lat.):

non peccabitis aliquando,

Vulg. 2 Pet. 1, 10:

nec aliquando defuit quidquam iis,

ib. 1 Reg. 25, 7; 25, 15; ib. Dan. 14, 6; ib 1 Thess. 2, 5.—

In connection with ullus, and oftener, esp. in Cic., with aliquis:

quaerere ea num vel e Philone vel ex ullo Academico audivisset aliquando,

Cic. Ac. 2, 4, 11: Forsitan aliquis aliquando ejusmodi quidpiam fecerit. id. Verr. 2, 32, 78;

ego quia dico aliquid aliquando, et quia, ut fit, in multis exit aliquando aliquid, etc.,

id. Planc 14, 35;

non despero fore aliquem aliquando,

id. de Or. 1, 21, 95:

docendo etiam aliquid aliquando,

id. Or. 42, 144:

Nam aut erit hic aliquid aliquando, etc.,

id. Fam. 7, 11, 2.—So with quisquis:

nec quidquam aliquando periit,

Vulg. 1 Reg. 25, 15; 25, 7.—

Si forte aliquando or si aliquando, if at any time, if ever; or of a distant, but undefined, point of time, if once, at one time, or one day:

si quid hujus simile forte aliquando evenerit,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 40:

quod si aliquando manus ista plus valuerit quam vestra ac rei publicae dignitas, etc.,

Cic. Cat. 4, 10, 20: ampla domus dedecori saepe domino fit, et maxime si aliquando alio domino solita est frequentari, once, i. e. at a former time, id. Off. 1, 39, 139.—

It is often used (opp.: in praesentiā, nunc, adhuc) of an indefinite, past, or future time = olim, quondam, once, formerly; in future time, hereafter:

quod sit in praesentiā de honestate delibatum, virtute aliquando et industriā recuperetur,

Cic. Inv. 2, 58, 174:

aliquando nobis libertatis tempus fuisse, quod pacis vobiscum non fuerit: nunc certe, etc., Liv 25, 29: Iol ad mare, aliquando ignobilis, nunc illustris,

Mel. 1, 6:

Qui aliquando non populus, nunc autem populus Dei,

Vulg. 1 Pet. 2, 10; ib. Philem. 11:

quam concedis adhuc artem omnino non esse, sed aliquando, etc.,

Cic. de Or 1, 58, 246.—Sometimes the point of time in contrast can be determined only from the context:

quaerere num e Philone audivisset aliquando,

Cic. Ac. Pr. 2, 4, 11:

veritus sum deesse Pompeii saluti, cum ille aliquando non defuisset meae,

id. Fam. 6, 6, 10:

aut quisquam nostri misereri potest, qui aliquando vobis hostis fuit?

Sall. J. 14, 17:

Zacynthus aliquando appellata Hyrie,

Plin. 4, 12, 19, § 54; Plin. Ep. 6, 10:

quae aliquando viderat,

Vulg. Gen. 42, 9; ib. 1 Pet. 3, 20.—

Of that which at times happens, in contrast with that which never or seldom occurs, sometimes, now and then = non numquam, interdum (opp.: numquam, raro; semper, saepe).

Te non numquam a me alienārunt, et me aliquando immutārunt tibi, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 2:

liceret ei dicere utilitatem aliquando cum honestate pugnare,

id. Off. 3, 3, 12:

sitne aliquando mentiri boni viri?

id. de Or. 3, 29, 113; Quint. 5, 13, 31:

multa proelia et aliquando non cruenta,

Tac. Agr. 17; Suet. Aug. 43.—

With numquam, raro; semper, saepe, saepius, modo in another clause:

convertit se aliquando ad timorem, numquam ad sanitatem,

Cic. Sull. 5, 17:

senatumque et populum numquam obscura nomina, etiam si aliquando obumbrentur,

Tac. H. 2, 32:

quod non saepe, atque haud scio an umquam, in aliquā parte eluceat aliquando,

Cic. Or. 2, 7:

raro, sed aliquando tamen, ex metu delirium nascitur,

Cels. 3, 18; so id. 8, 4; 1 praef.:

aliquando... semper,

Liv. 45, 23, 8:

aliquando fortuna, semper animo maximus,

Vell. 2, 18: Haud semper errat fama;

aliquando et elegit,

Tac. Agr. 9:

aliquando... saepe,

Cels. 1 praef.:

nec tamen ubique cerni, aliquando propter nubila, saepius globo terrae obstante,

Plin. 2, 13, 10, § 56; so Tac. A. 3, 27; id. Agr. 38.—

In partitive clauses, twice, or even several times, like modo—modo, sometimes also alternating with non numquam or modo (so only in the post-Aug. per.), at one time... at another, now.. now:

confirmatio aliquando totius causae est, aliquando partium,

Quint. 5, 13, 58; Plin. 17, 28, 47, § 262; Sen. Q. N. 2, 36, 2:

aliquando emicat stella, aliquando ardores sunt, aliquando fixi et haerentes, non numquam volubiles,

id. ib. 1, 14; cf. Suet. Calig. 52:

Vespasianus modo in spem erectus, aliquando adversa reputabat,

Tac. H. 2, 74; id. A. 16, 10.—

In colloquial lang., to indicate that there is occasion for a certain thing, once, for once, on this occasion, now:

aliquando osculando melius est, uxor, pausam fieri,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 6, 1:

sed si placet, sermonem alio transferamus, et nostro more aliquando, non rhetorico loquamur,

now in our own way, Cic. de Or. 1, 29, 133:

sed ne plura: dicendum enim aliquando est, Pomponium Atticum sic amo, ut alterum fratrem,

I must for once say it, id. Fam. 13, 1, 14.—

In commands, exhortations, or wishes, = tandem, at length, now at last:

audite quaeso, judices, et aliquando miseremini sociorum,

Cic. Verr. 1, 28, 72:

mode scribe aliquando ad nos, quid agas,

id. Fam. 7, 12, 2:

stulti, aliquando sapite,

Vulg. Psa. 93, 8:

ipse agat, ut orbatura patres aliquando fulmina ponat,

Ov. M. 2, 391:

Aliquando isti principes sibi populi Romani auctoritati parendum esse fateantur,

id. Imp. Pomp. 22, 64; id. Verr. 4, 37, 81; Sall. J. 14, 21; Ov. M. 2, 390:

et velim aliquando, cum erit tuum commodum, Lentulum puerum visas,

Cic. Att. 12, 28.—Hence,

Of that which happens after long expectation or delay, freq. in connection with tandem, finally, at length, now at last:

quibus (quaestionibus) finem aliquando amicorum auctoritas fecit,

Cic. Clu. 67, 191:

(dii) placati jam vel satiati aliquando,

id. Marcell. 6, 18:

collegi me aliquando,

id. Clu. 18, 51: aliquando idque sero usum loquendi populo concessi, finally. i. e. after I have for a long time spoken in another manner, id. Or. 48, 160:

te aliquando collaudare possum, quod jam, etc.,

id. Fam. 7, 17; Suet. Aug. 70:

diu exspectaverant, dum retia extraherentur: aliquando extractis piscis nullus infuit,

id. Clar. Rhet. 1.—With tandem:

aliquando tandem huc animum ut adducas tuum,

Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 61:

spes est et hunc aliquan do tandem posse consistere,

Cic. Quint. 30, 94 tandem aliquando L. Catilinam ex urbe ejecimus, id. Cat. 2, 1:

ut tandem aliquando timere desinam,

id. ib. 1, 7, 18; id. Quint. 30, 94:

servus tandem aliquando mihi a te exspectatissimas litteras reddidit,

id. Fam. 16, 9:

tandem aliquando refloruistis,

Vulg. Phil. 4, 10.—With jam:

utile esse te aliquando jam rem transigere,

now at length Cic. Att. 1, 4.

am-plector (old form amploctor, Prisc. p. 552, 39 P.), exus, 3, v. dep. ( act. form amplecto, Liv. And. Od. ap. Diom. p. 379 P.; cf. Prisc. p. 797 P.; Struve, 114.—In pass., Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 27; Lucil. ap. Prisc. p. 791 P.).

A.. Lit., to wind or twine round a person or thing (aliquem, plekesthai amphitina; hence with reference to the other object; cf. adimo), to surround, encompass, encircle; of living beings, to embrace (class. in prose and poetry): genua amplectens, Liv. And. Od. ap. Diom. p. 379 P. (as transl. of Hom. Od. 6, 142: gounôn labôn):

amplectimur tibi genua,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 5, 16; so id. Cist. 2, 3, 25:

exsanguem (patrem) amplexus,

Tac. H. 3, 25:

effigiem Augusti amplecti,

id. A. 4, 67:

magnam Herculis aram,

id. ib. 12, 24:

serpens arboris amplectens stirpem,

Lucr. 5, 34:

quorum tellus amplectitur ossa,

id. 1, 135:

manibus saxa,

to grasp, Liv. 5, 47:

munimento amplecti,

id. 35, 28; so id. 41, 5 et saep.:

amplectitur intra se insulam,

Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 3:

amplexa jugerum soli quercus,

id. 16, 31, 56, § 130:

et molli circum est ansas amplexus acantho,

Verg. E. 3, 45:

urbes amplecti muro,

Hor. A. P. 209 et saep.:

visne ego te ac tute me amplectare?

Plaut. Most. 1, 4, 9; * Ter. And. 2, 5, 19:

ille me amplexus atque osculans flere prohibebat,

Cic. Somn. Scip. 3 (id. Rep. 6, 14, where Orell. reads complexus).—

Of space, to embrace:

spatium amplexus ad vim remigii,

Tac. A. 12, 56:

quattuor milia passuum ambitu amplexus est,

id. ib. 4, 49:

domus naturae amplectens pontum terrasque jacentes,

Manil. 1, 536.—

Trop.

To embrace in mind or knowledge, i. e. to comprehend, to understand:

animo rei magnitudinem amplecti,

Cic. de Or. 1, 5, 19:

Quas (artes) si quis unus complexus omnes,

id. ib. 1, 17, 76:

quae si judex non amplectetur omnia consilio, non animo ac mente circumspiciet,

id. Font. 7; also simply to reflect upon, to consider:

cogitationem toto pectore amplecti,

id. Att. 12, 35.—

In discourse, to comprehend, i.e. to discuss, to handle, treat:

quod ego argumentum pluribus verbis amplecterer,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 12:

actio verbis causam et rationem juris amplectitur,

id. Caecin. 14, 40:

omnes res per scripturam amplecti,

id. Inv. 2, 50: non ego cuncta meis amplecti versibus opto, Verg. G. 2, 42:

totius Ponti forma breviter amplectenda est, ut facilius partes noscantur,

Plin. 4, 12, 24, § 75.—Also of a name, to comprehend under:

quod idem interdum virtutis nomine amplectimur,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 13, 30; cf.:

si quis universam et propriam oratoris vim definire complectique vult,

to define the peculiar function of the orator and include the whole of it, id. de Or. 1, 15, 64; so of a law, to include:

sed neque haec (verba) in principem aut principis parentem, quos lex majestatis amplectitur,

Tac. A. 4, 34.—

Of study, learning, to include, embrace: neque eam tamen scientiam, quam adjungis oratori, complexus es, but yet have notincluded in your attainments that knowledge which, etc., Cic. de Or. 1, 17, 77:

Quod si tantam rerum maximarum arte suā rhetorici illi doctores complecterentur,

id. ib. 1, 19, 86.—

To embrace in heart, i.e. to love, favor, cherish:

quem mihi videtur amplecti res publica,

Cic. Cat. 4, 3:

nimis amplecti plebem videbatur,

id. Mil. 72:

aliquem amicissime,

id. Fam. 6, 6 fin.; Sall. J. 7, 6:

hoc se amplectitur uno, i. e. se amat,

esteems himself, Hor. S. 1, 2, 53:

qui tanto amore possessiones suas amplexi tenebant,

Cic. Sull. 20;

opp. repudiare,

id. de Or. 1, 24;

opp. removere,

id. Cat. 4, 7:

amplecti virtutem,

id. Phil. 10, 4:

nobilitatem et dignitates hominum amplecti,

id. Fam. 4, 8: mens hominis amplectitur maxime cognitionem, delights in understanding, id. Ac. pr. 2, 10, 31: (episcopum) amplectentem eum fidelem sermonem, * Vulg. Tit. 1, 9: amplexus civitates (sc. animo), having fixed his mind on, i. e. intending to attack, seize, Tac. Agr. 25:

causam rei publicae amplecti,

Cic. Sest. 93;

and so playfully of one who robs the State treasury: rem publicam nimium amplecti,

id. Fl. 18.—

In circumlocution: magnam Brigantium partem aut victoriā amplexus est aut bello, embraced in conquest, i. e. conquered, Tac. Agr. 17.

am-plector (old form amploctor, Prisc. p. 552, 39 P.), exus, 3, v. dep. ( act. form amplecto, Liv. And. Od. ap. Diom. p. 379 P.; cf. Prisc. p. 797 P.; Struve, 114.—In pass., Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 27; Lucil. ap. Prisc. p. 791 P.).

A.. Lit., to wind or twine round a person or thing (aliquem, plekesthai amphitina; hence with reference to the other object; cf. adimo), to surround, encompass, encircle; of living beings, to embrace (class. in prose and poetry): genua amplectens, Liv. And. Od. ap. Diom. p. 379 P. (as transl. of Hom. Od. 6, 142: gounôn labôn):

amplectimur tibi genua,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 5, 16; so id. Cist. 2, 3, 25:

exsanguem (patrem) amplexus,

Tac. H. 3, 25:

effigiem Augusti amplecti,

id. A. 4, 67:

magnam Herculis aram,

id. ib. 12, 24:

serpens arboris amplectens stirpem,

Lucr. 5, 34:

quorum tellus amplectitur ossa,

id. 1, 135:

manibus saxa,

to grasp, Liv. 5, 47:

munimento amplecti,

id. 35, 28; so id. 41, 5 et saep.:

amplectitur intra se insulam,

Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 3:

amplexa jugerum soli quercus,

id. 16, 31, 56, § 130:

et molli circum est ansas amplexus acantho,

Verg. E. 3, 45:

urbes amplecti muro,

Hor. A. P. 209 et saep.:

visne ego te ac tute me amplectare?

Plaut. Most. 1, 4, 9; * Ter. And. 2, 5, 19:

ille me amplexus atque osculans flere prohibebat,

Cic. Somn. Scip. 3 (id. Rep. 6, 14, where Orell. reads complexus).—

Of space, to embrace:

spatium amplexus ad vim remigii,

Tac. A. 12, 56:

quattuor milia passuum ambitu amplexus est,

id. ib. 4, 49:

domus naturae amplectens pontum terrasque jacentes,

Manil. 1, 536.—

Trop.

To embrace in mind or knowledge, i. e. to comprehend, to understand:

animo rei magnitudinem amplecti,

Cic. de Or. 1, 5, 19:

Quas (artes) si quis unus complexus omnes,

id. ib. 1, 17, 76:

quae si judex non amplectetur omnia consilio, non animo ac mente circumspiciet,

id. Font. 7; also simply to reflect upon, to consider:

cogitationem toto pectore amplecti,

id. Att. 12, 35.—

In discourse, to comprehend, i.e. to discuss, to handle, treat:

quod ego argumentum pluribus verbis amplecterer,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 12:

actio verbis causam et rationem juris amplectitur,

id. Caecin. 14, 40:

omnes res per scripturam amplecti,

id. Inv. 2, 50: non ego cuncta meis amplecti versibus opto, Verg. G. 2, 42:

totius Ponti forma breviter amplectenda est, ut facilius partes noscantur,

Plin. 4, 12, 24, § 75.—Also of a name, to comprehend under:

quod idem interdum virtutis nomine amplectimur,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 13, 30; cf.:

si quis universam et propriam oratoris vim definire complectique vult,

to define the peculiar function of the orator and include the whole of it, id. de Or. 1, 15, 64; so of a law, to include:

sed neque haec (verba) in principem aut principis parentem, quos lex majestatis amplectitur,

Tac. A. 4, 34.—

Of study, learning, to include, embrace: neque eam tamen scientiam, quam adjungis oratori, complexus es, but yet have notincluded in your attainments that knowledge which, etc., Cic. de Or. 1, 17, 77:

Quod si tantam rerum maximarum arte suā rhetorici illi doctores complecterentur,

id. ib. 1, 19, 86.—

To embrace in heart, i.e. to love, favor, cherish:

quem mihi videtur amplecti res publica,

Cic. Cat. 4, 3:

nimis amplecti plebem videbatur,

id. Mil. 72:

aliquem amicissime,

id. Fam. 6, 6 fin.; Sall. J. 7, 6:

hoc se amplectitur uno, i. e. se amat,

esteems himself, Hor. S. 1, 2, 53:

qui tanto amore possessiones suas amplexi tenebant,

Cic. Sull. 20;

opp. repudiare,

id. de Or. 1, 24;

opp. removere,

id. Cat. 4, 7:

amplecti virtutem,

id. Phil. 10, 4:

nobilitatem et dignitates hominum amplecti,

id. Fam. 4, 8: mens hominis amplectitur maxime cognitionem, delights in understanding, id. Ac. pr. 2, 10, 31: (episcopum) amplectentem eum fidelem sermonem, * Vulg. Tit. 1, 9: amplexus civitates (sc. animo), having fixed his mind on, i. e. intending to attack, seize, Tac. Agr. 25:

causam rei publicae amplecti,

Cic. Sest. 93;

and so playfully of one who robs the State treasury: rem publicam nimium amplecti,

id. Fl. 18.—

In circumlocution: magnam Brigantium partem aut victoriā amplexus est aut bello, embraced in conquest, i. e. conquered, Tac. Agr. 17.

arbī̆trĭum (in good MSS. and inscrr. sometimes arbī̆tērĭum), ii, n. [from arbiter, as adulterium from adulter].

In gen., a coming near, a being present, presence; hence meton. for persons present (only in post-Aug. poets): locus ab omni liber arbitrio. Sen. Hippol. 602, and id. Herc. Oet. 485: divina rerum cura sine arbitrio est, Auct. Aetnae, 195.—

Esp.

1.. The judgment, decision of an arbitrator (cf. arbiter, II.: arbitrium dicitur sententia, quae ab arbitro statuitur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 13 Müll.):

aliud est judicium, aliud arbitrium. Judicium est pecuniae certae: arbitrium incertae,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 4:

Q. Scaevola summam vim dicebat esse in omnibus iis arbitriis, in quibus adderetur ex fide bonā,

id. Off. 3, 17, 70; so,

arbitrium rei uxoriae,

id. ib. 3, 15; id. Top. 17, 66; cf. Dig. 24, 3, 66 fin.; 46, 3, 82 fin.; Cic. Rosc. Com. 9:

arbitrium pro socio condemnari solerent,

id. Quinct. 4, 13 B. and K. (here some consider arbitrium as a gloss, others read arbitrio, ad arbitrium, ad arbitrum, and the like; v. Orell. ad h. l.).—

Transf. from the sphere of judic. proceedings, judgment, opinion, decision:

arbitrium vestrum, vestra existimatio Valebit,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 25:

cum de te splendida Minos Fecerit arbitria,

Hor. C. 4, 7, 21:

de aliquo arbitria agere,

Liv. 24, 45:

arbitria belli pacisque agere,

id. 44, 15; cf. Tac. A. 12, 60:

agere arbitria victoriae,

Curt. 6, 1 fin.; cf. Gron. Observ. 4, c. 11, p. 427, and Liv. 31, 11; 32, 37.— Trop.:

res ab opinionis arbitrio sejunctae,

matters, in which nothing is decided according to mere opinion, Cic. de Or. 1, 23, 108:

si volet usus, Quem penes arbitrium est et jus et norma loquendi,

Hor. A. P. 72; Sen. Clem. 2, 7:

arbitrio consilioque uti auris,

to determine by the ear, Gell. 13, 20, 3.—

Mastery, dominion, authority, power, will, free-will:

dedunt se In ditionem atque in arbitrium cuncti Thebano poplo,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 103 (Fleck., arbitratum): esse in pectore nostro quiddam, Cujus ad arbitrium quoque copia materiaiï Cogitur interdum flecti per membra, per artus, and at whose bidding the accumulated materials must yield obedience in every joint and limb, * Lucr. 2, 281:

cujus (Jovis) nutu et arbitrio caelum, terra mariaque reguntur,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 45, 131:

ad alicujus arbitrium et nutum totum se fingere et adcommodare,

id. Or. 8, 24; id. Verr. 1, 10, 30; 2, 5, 63 fin.; so Vulg. Lev. 13, 3; 13, 44:

aliquid facere arbitrio suo,

Cic. Phil. 6, 2:

Mentes ad suum arbitrium movere,

id. de Or. 2, 16, 70; so id. Par. 5, 1 fin.:

quam (pecuniam) sponte et arbitrio cordis sui inferunt,

Vulg. 4 Reg. 12, 4:

vixit ad aliorum arbitrium, non ad suum,

Cic. Mur. 9; so Hor. C. 3, 6, 40; 3, 2, 20; Tac. H. 1, 46; Suet. Caes. 9; 20; id. Aug. 28; id. Tit. 8; id. Galb. 14:

in arbitrium vestrum diem constituistis ei,

Vulg. Judith, 8, 13:

orationem tibi misi: ejus custodiendae et proferendae arbitrium tuum,

Cic. Att. 15, 13:

munificentiam eorum in se ipsorum arbitrii debere esse,

Liv. 37, 52:

in arbitrio viri erit, ut faciat sive non faciat,

Vulg. Num. 30, 14:

tamquam congruere operationem eam serpentium humani sit arbitrī,

Plin. 29, 3, 12, § 53; Suet. Tib. 18; id. Claud. 2: mox rei Romanae arbitrium (i. e. imperium, dominion, power) tribus ferme et viginti (annis) obtinuit, Tac. A. 6, 51; so,

arbitrium orbis terrarum,

Suet. Caes. 7; Nep. Con. 4, 1:

huic deus optandi gratum, sed inutile fecit Muneris arbitrium,

Ov. M. 11, 101:

liberum mortis arbitrium,

Suet. Dom. 8; 11; cf. Tac. A. 15, 60.—

Arbitria funeris, the expenses of a funeral (fixed by an arbiter), Cic. Dom. 37; id. Pis. 9 fin.; id. Red. in Sen. 7; cf. Dig. 11, 7, 12, § 6.

circĭter, adv. and prep. [circus].

Of place, round about, on every side: lapidem fuisse quadratum circiter (i. e. cubical) in mediā arcā vinctum candelis quaquaversum, Cass. Hem. ap. Plin. 13, 13, 27, § 85 (cf. the passage cited under circum, I. A. 1., from Varr. R. R. 3, 10, 3).—

Of time, designating nearness to a fixed point, about, near (cf. ante, post):

illic noster est fortasse circiter triennium,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 79:

circiter duobus mensibus,

Varr. R. R. 3, 10, 6:

diebus circiter quindecim ad fines Belgarum pervenit,

Caes. B. G. 2, 2:

horā diei circiter quartā,

id. ib. 4, 23: circiter horā decimā noctis, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 12, 1: circiter luminibus accensis Uticam pervenit, Auct. B. Afr. 89 fin. —

Of number, about, near, not far from:

circiter quingentae species,

Varr. L. L. 6, 5, 61:

circiter CCXX. naves eorum paratissimae,

Caes. B. G. 3, 14:

circiter milia hominum CXXX. superfuerunt,

id. ib. 1, 26; 1, 27;

1, 31: circiter pars quarta,

Sall. C. 56, 3:

mons suberat circiter mille passuum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 25:

circiter duūm milium intervallo,

Sall. J. 106, 5:

circiter parte tertiā (armorum) celatā et in oppido retentā, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 2, 32 fin.; 1, 25:

ita dies circiter quindecim iter fecerunt,

id. ib. 1, 15:

hic locus ab hoste circiter passus sexcentos aberat,

id. ib. 1, 49:

ad flumen Rhenum milia passuum ex eo loco circiter quinque pervenerunt,

id. ib. 1, 53:

cum decem circiter milia ab hoste abessent,

Liv. 28, 1, 7.—

Prep. with acc. (orig. an adv. with acc. of time or of space traversed; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 71 sq.).

Of place (very rare): nisi, ut opinor, Loca haec circiter excidit mihi (cista), Plaut, Cist. 4, 2, 8.—

Transf., of time, about, near:

redito huc circiter meridiem,

Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 52 Ritschl:

circiter meridiem exercitum in castra deduxit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 50:

nos circiter Kalendas in Formiano erimus,

Cic. Att. 2, 4, 6:

circiter Idus Novembrīs in Italiā speramus fore,

id. Fam. 14, 5, 2:

circiter Idus Maias,

id. Att. 2, 17, 1:

noctem, Auct. B. Afr. 89: mensem,

Varr. R. R. 3, 8, 3; 2, 11, 7;

Kalendas Junias,

Sall. C. 17, 1:

octavam circiter horam,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 47.

Plaut. Cist. II. A. supra.

Circumcellĭo, ōnis, m. [cella].

A class of monks, who, without fixed abode, wandered about from cell to cell, Aug. in Psa. 132.—

A class of heretics, Hier. Ep. 22, 15; Isid. Orig. 8, 5, 53.