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  • 41 δεισιδαιμονία

    δεισιδαιμονία, ας, ἡ In the ancient Mediterranean world δ. refers to concern about one’s relations to the transcendent realm (e.g. Polyb. 6, 56, 7; Dio Chrys. 44 [61], 9) exhibited especially in time of war; also viewed as a motivating force (Diod S 1, 70, 8; 11, 89, 6; 8; Jos. Ant. 10, 42). Because such concern is ordinarily expressed in observance of specific religious rites or customs, δ. can denote ‘rite’ or ‘ceremony’ (OGI 455, 11).
    ① When fear of offending divinity expresses itself in extraordinary ways, δ. denotes religious scruple, religiosity (e.g., Jos., Ant. 14, 228; 15, 277; Jos., Bell. 2, 174). To Romans, for whom public order was of primary interest, and to Hellenes, who valued moderation, excessive anxiety could be prejudicial to the interests of the State, and was described through qualified use of the term δ. (Polyb. 12, 24, 5; Plut., Sol. 12, 4 [84], Alex. 75, 1 [706], Mor. 66c, s. his work Περί τῆς δεισιδαιμονίας; Agatharchides in Jos., Ant. 12, 5f ‘ill-timed religious scruples or piety’; idem C. Ap. 1, 208; Herm. Wr. 9, 9; extreme forms of δ. are satirized as ‘superstition’ Theophr., Char. 16, and distinguished from εὐσέβεια Philo, Spec. Leg. 4, 147; s. also Tatian’s contemptuous description: 22, 1). Such negative viewpoint (gener. expressed in the Lat. ‘superstitio’; in ref. to Christians cp. Pliny, Ep. Traj. 10, 96 [97], 9; Suetonius, Nero 16, 2) is reflected Dg 1:1; 4:1 (cp. M. Ant. 6, 30 θεοσεβὴς χωρὶς δεισιδαιμονίας ‘god-fearing without fussy piety’).
    ② system of cultic belief or practice, religion (OGI 455, 11; Jos., Ant. 14, 228; 19, 290 on Rom. religious tolerance; reciprocity is expected from others: Jews are forbidden by Claudius τὰς τ. ἄλλων ἐθνῶν δεισιδαιμονίας ἐξουθενίζειν=‘to ridicule the religious practices of other nationalities’; cp. Ac 19:37; Ro 9:22) ζητήματα περὶ τῆς ἰδίας δεισιδαιμονίας εἶχον they had some points of dispute about their religion Ac 25:19 (because of the author’s apparent appreciation of Rom. religious tolerance it is not prob. that satire is to be inferred here).—HBolkestein, Theophrastos’ Charakter der Δεισιδαιμονία als religionsgesch. Urkunde 1929; PKoets, Δεισιδαιμονία, diss. Utrecht 1929; SEitrem, SymbOsl 31, ’55, 155–69; HMoellering, Plutarch on Superstition ’63; MSmith, Superstitio: SBLSP 20, ’81, 349–55.—B. 1492f. EDNT. M-M. DELG. s.v. δαίμων. TW. Spicq. Sv. S. next entry.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > δεισιδαιμονία

  • 42 καλός

    καλός, ή, όν (Hom.+; pert. to meeting high standards or expectations of appearance, kind, or quality) superl. κάλλιστος, η, ον (Diod S 5, 13, 1; JosAs 14:17 cod. A; ApcSed 11:4 p. 134, 14 Ja. καλλίστατε; Jos., Ant. 16, 142; Just., D. 20, 3; Tat. 28, 1).
    ① pert. to being attractive in outward appearance, beautiful, handsome, fine in outward appearance λίθοι κ. beautiful stones Lk 21:5. Of pers. (Lucian, Tim. 16, Dial. Mort. 1, 3) Hv 3, 13, 1; Hs 9, 3, 1.
    ② pert. to being in accordance at a high level w. the purpose of someth. or someone, good, useful.
    ⓐ of things τόπον καλὸν ἀνακεχωρηκότα a beautiful remote place Hv 3, 1, 3; in the phys. sense free from defects, fine, precious opp. σαπρός (PLond II, 356, 4ff p. 252 [I A.D.]; TestJob 7:5 ἄρτον [opp. κεκαιμένον]) of fish Mt 13:48; superl. τὰ κάλλιστα the especially good ones vs. 48 D. Of a tree and its fruit 12:33; Lk 6:43. Opp. πονηρός of fruits Mt 7:17ff. Otherw. of fruits (Menand., Mon. 303 Mei. [402 J.] καρπός) 3:10; Lk 3:9; Hs 2, 4. ἀμπελῶνες m 10, 1, 5. τράγοι B 7:6, 10. γῆ good soil Mt 13:8, 23; Mk 4:8, 20; Lk 8:15. σπέρμα Mt 13:24, 27, 37f. οἶνος J 2:10ab; Hm 12, 5, 3. μαργαρῖται fine pearls Mt 13:45. Subst. (Epict. 1, 12, 12 καλόν τι ἐλευθερία ἐστί) καλὸν τὸ ἅλας salt is a good thing Mk 9:50; Lk 14:34. ἔργον something useful Hs 5, 2, 7.—Superl. of Polycarp’s writings συγγράμματα κάλλιστα most excellent writings EpilMosq 2.
    ⓑ of moral quality (opp. αἰσχρός IAndrosIsis, Kyme 32) good, noble, praiseworthy, contributing to salvation etc. ἔργον καλόν, ἔργα καλά (Hippocr., Ep. 27, 30; Athen. 1, 15 p. 8f ἐν τοῖς καλοῖς ἔργοις; SibOr 3, 220) Mt 5:16; 26:10; Mk 14:6; J 10:32f; 1 Ti 5:10, 25; 6:18; Tit 2:7, 14; 3:8ab, 14; Hb 10:24; 1 Pt 2:12; 2 Pt 1:10 v.l.; 2 Cl 12:4. λόγια τοῦ θεοῦ 2 Cl 13:3. καλόν: ἐν καλῷ Gal 4:18b; cp. Pol 6:3. (Opp. κακόν) διάκρισις καλοῦ τε καὶ κακοῦ Hb 5:14 (Sext. Emp., Pyrrh. 3, 168 διάκρισις τῶν τε καλῶν κ. κακῶν). (τὸ) κ. (opp. κακ.) ποιεῖν (2 Ch 14:1; 31:20) Ro 7:21; 2 Cor 13:7. Without the contrast w. κακ. Gal 6:9; Js 4:17; 1 Cl 8:4 (Is 1:17); Dg 4:3. κατεργάζεσθαι Ro 7:18. ἐργάζεσθαι B 21:2. καλὰ προνοεῖσθαι ἐνώπιόν τινος (Pr 3:4) Ro 12:17; sim. 2 Cor 8:21.—ἀναστροφή (cp. 2 Macc 6:23) Js 3:13; 1 Pt 2:12. συνείδησις Hb 13:18 (cp. PRein 52, 5 οὐ καλῷ συνειδότι χρώμενοι); φόβος 1 Cl 21:8; νουθέτησις 56:2; νηστεία Hs 5, 3, 5; μαρτυρία κ. a good reputation 1 Ti 3:7. ἐν καρδίᾳ καλῇ κ. ἀγαθῇ in a noble and good heart Lk 8:15 (w. ἀγ., as freq. in Gr-Rom. wr. to characterize exceptional citizens [s. καλοκἀγαθία], also Jos., Ant. 4, 67; 10, 188 al.; Just., A II, 2, 7 al.). Of the law morally unobjectionable (Maximus Tyr. 20, 9a) Ro 7:16; cp. 1 Ti 1:8. ἐντολαί Hm 12, 3, 4; Hs 6, 1, 1f. οὐ καλὸν τὸ καύχημα ὑμῶν 1 Cor 5:6. τοῦτο καλὸν καὶ ἀπόδεκτον ἐνώπιον τ. θεοῦ 1 Ti 2:3; 5:4 v.l.; cp. 1 Cl 7:3; 21:1; 60:2; 61:2; Pol 6:1 (Pr 3:4). πολυτέλεια καλὴ καὶ ἱλαρά Hs 1, 10. λειτουργία 5, 3, 8. Superl.: of martyrs ὑπόδειγμα κάλλιστον finest example 1 Cl 6:1.
    ⓒ in any respect unobjectionable, blameless, excellent.
    α. of pers. κύριος B 7:1; cp. 19:11 (καλό of God: Celsus 4, 14). μαθητής IPol 2:1. ἱερεῖς IPhld 9:1. διάκονος Χριστοῦ Ἰ. 1 Ti 4:6a. οἰκονόμος 1 Pt 4:10. στρατιώτης Χρ. Ἰ. 2 Ti 2:3. ποιμήν J 10:11ab, 14. ἀνταποδότης D 4:7.
    β. of things μέτρον good, full measure Lk 6:38. θεμέλιος 1 Ti 6:19. βαθμός 3:13. ἔργον someth. helpful, beneficial 3:1. διδασκαλία 4:6b. παραθήκη 2 Ti 1:14. ὁμολογία 1 Ti 6:12b, 13. ἀγών 6:12a; 2 Ti 4:7. στρατεία 1 Ti 1:18. κτίσμα (3 Macc 5:11) 4:4. πλάσμα B 6:12. σκεῦος 21:8. βάπτισμα ApcPt Rainer 4. καλὸν θεοῦ ῥῆμα (cp. Josh 21:45; 23:15; Zech 1:13) Hb 6:5. τὸ καλὸν ὄνομα τὸ ἐπικληθὲν ἐφʼ ὑμᾶς Js 2:7 (in a Pompeian graffito [Dssm., LO 237; LAE 277] a lover speaks of the καλὸν ὄνομα of his beloved). οὐδὲν φαινόμενον καλόν (ἐστιν) IRo 3:3. πάντα ὁμοῦ κ. ἐστιν IPhld 9:2. τὸ καλόν what passes the test 1 Th 5:21.
    ⓓ The term καλόν (ἐστιν) in the gener. sense it is good qualifies items that fit under one of the preceding clasifications (Pr 17:26.—כָּלָן=καλόν loanw. in rabb.).
    α. it is pleasant, desirable, advantageous (Jos., Bell. 4, 163) Mt 17:4; 18:8f; Mk 9:5; Lk 9:33.—1 Cor 7:26a.
    β. it is morally good, pleasing to God, contributing to salvation 1 Cor 7:1 (cp. Gen 2:18), 8, 26b; Hb 13:9.—οὐ καλόν Mt 15:26; Mk 7:27.
    γ. καλόν ἐστιν αὐτῷ μᾶλλον it is better for him Mk 9:42; cp. 1 Cor 9:15. καλόν (σοί) ἐστιν … ἤ it is a(n) (greater) advantage (for you) …, than (cp. Jon 4:3; ApcEsdr 1:6 p. 24, 13) Mt 18:8f; Mk 9:43, 45, 47 (s. B-D-F §190, 2). καλὸν ἦν αὐτῷ it would have been better for him Mt 26:24; Mk 14:21 v.l. (B-D-F §358, 1; 360, 1). Without copula Mk 14:21; 1 Cl 51:3; IRo 6:1; 2 Cl 16:4.—That which is good or better is added in the inf., which forms the subject of καλόν ἐστιν (Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 13 §46 καλὸν εἴη τινὶ θνῄσκειν; Polyaenus 8, 9, 2; Jos., Bell. 1, 650; 4, 163) Mt 15:26; 18:8f; Mk 7:27; Gal 4:18a; Hm 6, 2, 9; also the articular inf. (Menand., Monost. 283; 291 [396; 410 J.] καλὸν τὸ θνῄσκειν al.). κ. τὸ μὴ φαγεῖν κρέα Ro 14:21; 1 Cor 7:26b; IEph 15:1; IRo 2:2; Pol 5:3; MPol 11:1; w. acc. and inf. ἡμᾶς ὧδε εἶναι Mt 17:4; Mk 9:5; Lk 9:33; cp. Mk 9:43, 45, 47; B 21:1; with εἰ (ApcSed 4:2) Mt 26:24 (1Cl 46:8); Mk 9:42; 14:21; with ἐάν 1 Cor 7:8. S. B-D-F §409, 3; KBeyer, Semitische Syntax im NT ’62, 76–78.—B. 1176; 1191. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > καλός

  • 43 ἀτιμάζω

    ἀτιμάζω 1 aor. ἠτίμασα. Pass.: fut. ἀτιμασθήσομαι LXX; 1 aor. ἠτιμάσθην; pf. ptc. ἠτιμασμένοι 2 Km 10:5 (s. τιμή; Hom.+) deprive someone of honor or respect, to dishonor/shame, an especially grievous offense in the strongly honor-shame oriented Semitic and Gr-Rom. societies (Ael. Aristid. 53 p. 620 D.: τὰ τῶν θεῶν ἀ.) τινά someone Mk 12:4 (exposure of the head to public ridicule is perh. implied; s. ἀτιμάω and ἀτιμόω); Lk 20:11; J 8:49; Ro 2:23; Js 2:6 (cp. Pr 14:21); IPhld 11:1.—Pass. Ac 5:41; Dg 11:3. τοῦ ἀτιμάζεσθαι τὰ σώματα αὐτῶν that their bodies might be degraded Ro 1:24. ἠτιμάσθη καὶ οὐκ ἐλογίσθη he was dishonored and despised 1 Cl 16:3 (Is 53:3).—DELG s.v. τιμή. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἀτιμάζω

  • 44 ματτύη

    ματτύη [pron. full] [ῠ] (not-ύα), ἡ, Nicostr.Com.8, Sophil.4.5, Macho 1; but [full] ματτύης, ου, ὁ, Artem. ap. Ath.14.663d; gender doubtful in Philem. 9,12, Alex.205:—
    A a rich, highly-flavoured dish, made of hashed meat, poultry, and herbs, and served cold as a dessert, of Macedonian or Thessalian origin, cf. Poll.6.70 ( ματύλλη codd.).—Especially freq. in the New Comedy acc. to Ath.14.662f: but [full] ματτυολοιχός is prob. cj. for ματιολοιχός (q.v.).

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ματτύη

  • 45 πάντως

    πάντως, Adv., ([etym.] πᾶς)
    A in all ways, ἄλλως τε π. καὶ .., i.e. especially (since).., A.Pers. 689, Eu. 726, Pl.Ap. 35d;

    σκιδνάμενον πάντῃ π. Parm.2.3

    ;

    περιφέρεσθαι καὶ π. φέρεσθαι Pl.Cra. 411b

    , cf. Grg. 527a: in Hom. always folld. by οὐ, in no wise, by no means, Il.8.450, Od.19.91, al.;

    πάντως γὰρ οὐ πείσεις νιν A.Pr. 335

    , cf. Hdt.5.34, Pl.Grg. 497b, etc.: without οὐ first in Parm. l.c., A. (v. supr.); ἔδεε πάντως it was absolutely necessary, Hdt.1.31;

    εἰ δὴ δεῖ γε π. Id.7.10

    . θ; π. θελῆσαι to wish at all hazards, Id.2.42; εἰ π. ἐλεύσονται if they positively will go, Id.6.9; π. κου πυνθάνεαι no doubt, Id.7.157: with an Adj.,

    π. ἀναρίστητος Alex.233

    : freq. with πᾶς or its derivs., Th.7.87, Pl.Criti. 107d, al.; cf.

    πάντῃ 11

    .
    II in strong affirmations, at all events, at any rate, A.Pr.16, Hdt.5.111, Pl.Ap. 33d, 1 Ep.Cor.9.22, etc.; so

    νηστεύωμεν δὲ π. Ar.Th. 984

     (lyr.);

    π. κρέ' ἡμῖν ἐστίν Ephipp.15.11

    ;

    π. γε μήν Ar.Eq. 232

    ;

    π. δήπου Id.Th. 805

    ; assuredly, opp. ἴσως, Jul. Or.7.222a; παρήγγειλά σοι ὅτι μὴ ἀπέλθῃς.., καὶ ἀπῆλθες π. and you did (emphat.), Sammelb.7249.5 (iii/iv A. D.); τάχ' οὖν.. μᾶλλον δὲ π. nay rather I am sure, Herod.7.89; π. ὅτι .. evidently because.., Dam.Pr.96 (but, it follows that.., ib.86).
    2 c. imper., in command or entreaty, Hdt.1.156, etc.; ἀλλ' ἐμοὶ πείθεσθε π. do but obey me, Eup.357; π. παρατίθετε just put on the table, Pl.Smp. 175b; καὶ τὸ ἱερεῖον δὲ π. ἡμῖν ἀπόστειλον be sure to send.., PCair.Zen.191.14 (iii B. C.).
    3 in answers, by all means, no doubt, Pl.R. 574b; πάντως γάρ .. Ar.Pl. 273;

    π. δήπου And.1.102

    , Pl.Phd. 75e, etc.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πάντως

  • 46 γῆρυς

    Grammatical information: f.
    Meaning: `voice, speech' (Il.).
    Dialectal forms: Dor. γᾶρυς, - υος
    Derivatives: γηρύω, γαρύω `sing, speak' (h. Merc.), γήρυμα (A.).
    Origin: IE [Indo-European] [352] * geh₂ru- `voice, sound'
    Etymology: Comparable forms are found in Celtic and Germanic. However, these have often a short vowel: from Germanic one cites Goth. kara f. `care, solicitude' and OE cearu f. `id.', OHG chara f. `lament(ation)'; OIr. ad-gair \< * gar-et. (But LIV 142 reconstructs *gr̥-i̯e-). Further there are forms with - rr-: Lat. garrio, with which Gr. γαρριώμεθα (q.v.; hardly with expressive gemination) is connected. For γῆρυς one assumes lengthened grade, but this is quite improbable in PIE (especially in the case of a); it is evident to reconstruct * geh₂r-. But one cites OIr. gāir f. `cry', Welsh gawr `crying, battle'. Perhaps the group must be split (in this way also LIV, for semantic reasons); a reconstruction *ǵar- is impossible, as PIE did not have an a.
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    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > γῆρυς

  • 47 μάλα

    Grammatical information: adv.
    Meaning: `very, quite, completely',
    Compounds: Comp. μᾶλλον `more, rather', sup. μάλιστα `mostly, quite especially' (Il.).
    Origin: IE [Indo-European] [720] * mel- `strong, better'
    Etymology: Formation like ἅμα, τάχα, πάρα etc. (Schwyzer 622) and like these with zero grade stem opposed to full grade Lat. mel-ius `better' beside mul-tus `many' (prob. from ml̥-tós; cf. W.-Hofmann s. v.); zero grade also in Latv. milns `very many'. μᾶλλον (with secondary lengthening, after θᾶσσον) stands for orig. full grade *μέλλον (: melius). An innovation is μάλιον μᾶλλον H. (after this also to be inserted in Tyrt. 12, 6) with μαλιωτέρα προσφιλεστέρα H. -- WP. 2, 292, Pok. 720, W.-Hofmann s. melior, Schwyzer 342 a. 538, Seiler Steigerungsformen 67 f. Cf. μαλερός and μέλω(?).
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    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μάλα

  • 48 ἐπιμέλεια

    ἐπιμέλεια, ας, ἡ (s. ἐπιμελής and next entry; Hdt. et al. The ἐπιμ-family is especially common in administrative documents.) careful attention displayed in discharge of obligation or responsibility, care, attention, of care received ἐπιμελείας τυχεῖν be cared for (Isocr. 6, 154; 7, 37; Athen. 13, 56 p. 589c; POxy 58, 22 αἱ ταμιακαὶ οὐσίαι τῆς προσηκούσης ἐπιμελείας τεύξονται; Philo, Spec. Leg. 3, 106; Jos., Ant. 2, 236) Ac 27:3.—Of exercise of diligence ἐν πάσῃ ἐ. σαρκικῇ καὶ πνευματικῇ w. all diligence, both of the body and of the spirit IPol 1:2 (cp. Diod S 14, 84, 2 ἐπιμέλεια τοῦ σώματος=care for the body).—DELG s.v. μέλω. Larfeld I 494. M-M. TW. Spicq.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἐπιμέλεια

  • 49 ὀδυνάω

    ὀδυνάω (ὀδύνη) pass. fut. 3 sg. ὀδυνηθήσεται LXX; aor. 3 sg. ὠδυνήθη 4 Macc 18:9 ‘cause pain’, in our lit. only pass. ὀδυνάομαι 2 pers. ὀδυνᾶσαι (B-D-F §87; W-S. §13, 17; Mlt-H. 198; Helbing p. 61) ‘feel pain’ (Trag. et al.; Democr. 159; Pla.; Vett. Val. ind.; LXX; TestJob 24:4; TestIss 7:5; ParJer 7:31).
    ① to undergo physical torment, suffer pain (Aelian, NA 11, 32 p. 286, 28) περί τινος suffer pain for the sake of someone 1 Cl 16:4 (Is 53:4). Esp. of the tortures in Hades ὀδ. ἐν τῇ φλογί suffer torment in the flames Lk 16:24; cp. vs. 25.
    ② to experience mental and spiritual pain, be pained/ distressed (Dio Chrys. 66 [16], 1; Alciphron 3, 14, 2; Philo, De Jos. 94 ὀδυνώμενος; Jos., Bell. 6, 183 ὀδυνώμενον) ὀδυνώμενοι ζητοῦμέν σε we have been anxiously looking for you Lk 2:48 (two persons of different sex are referred to with a masc. modifier, as Epici p. 20, 3 K. [p. 42, 60 B.] Achilles and Helen with αὐτούς) ὀδυνώμενοι μάλιστα ἐπὶ τῷ λόγῳ they were especially pained at his saying Ac 20:38 (ὀδυνᾶσθαι ἐπί τινι as Philo, Conf. Lingu. 92).—DELG s.v. ὀδύνη. M-M s.v. ὀδυνάομαι. TW.

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  • 50 πρώτιστος

    πρώτιστ-ος, η, ον, also ος, ον h.Cer. 157:—poet. and late Prose [comp] Sup. of πρῶτος,
    A the very first, Il.2.228, 16.656, Od.19.447; πολὺ π. Il.2.702, Od.14.220, etc.; ὁ π. χρόνος, opp. ὁ ἐνεστώς, PEleph.10.4 (iii B.C.); principal, primal,

    θεὰ π. Νύξ Phld.Piet.14

    ;

    αἰτία Procl.Inst. 12

    ;

    τῶν φύσει κρειττόνων π. ὁ δημιουργός Hierocl. in CA3p.424M.

    , cf. Iamb.Comm.Math.4, al., Dexipp.Fr. 32(b)J., Agath.3.2: neut. πρώτιστον as Adv., first of all, Od.10.462, 20.60, al., Pi.N.5.25, B.8.11, Ar.Lys. 555, D.43.75, Antiph.98: also pl.

    πρώτιστα Il.1.105

    , Od.3.419, Hes.Op. 109, A.Fr. 195, S.OT 1439, El. 669, Ar.Pl. 792; ἐπειδὴ π. now that, Alc.15.7; ὅτε π. when aforetime, Call.Aet.Oxy.2079.21; especially, principally,

    π. ἁλίσκεται ἐνταῦθα τὸ ὄψον Str.12.3.19

    : also τὸ π. E.Supp. 430; τὰ π. Od.11.168.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πρώτιστος

  • 51 λαχαίνω

    λαχαίνω, λάχανον
    Grammatical information: v.
    Meaning: `dig' (since ω 242).
    Other forms: aor. λαχῆναι.
    Compounds: also with ἀμφι-, ἐκ-, δια-,
    Derivatives: λάχανον, gew. pl. -α, n. `garden-herbs, vegetables' (IA.); often as 1. member, e.g. λαχανο-πώλης `greengrocer' (Critias, pap.). Several derivv.: 1. diminut. λαχάνιον (D. L., pap.), - ίδιον (H.). 2. λαχανική, - όν `taxes on vegetables' ( Inscr. Magn., Sammelb.), λαχανάριον herbarium (Gloss.). 3. λαχαν-ᾶς (Hdn. Gr.), - εύς (Procl.) `greengrocer'. 4. λαχαν-ώδης (Arist., Thphr.), - ηρός (Thphr.), - ιος (Jul., Ostr.) `belonging to vegetables'. 5. λαχανεύω `plant, cultivate, harvest vegetables' (pap., Str., App.) with λαχανεία `cultivation etc. of vegetables' (LXX, pap., J.), also λαχαν-ιά `gardenbed' (H., sch., also pap.?; doubted by Scheller Oxytonierung 68 f.); λαχάνευ-μα `cultivation of vegetables' (Procl.), - τής `greengrocer' (pap.). 6. λαχανίζομαι, -ω `harvest vegetables, to be at grass (of horses)' (EM, Hippiatr.) with - ισμός (Th., pap., Hippiatr.).
    Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
    Etymology: Quite doubtfull λαχή in A. Th. 914 (lyr.) τάφων πατρῴων λαχαί ('the digging' sch.); rather λάχαι to λαγχάνω, s. v. The semantic difficulty to connect λαχαίνω and λάχανον with each other (cf. Schwyzer 725), may perhaps be colved with Debrunner IF 21, 43 (after Fraenkel Denom. 8) in this way, that the only late appearing denominative simplex λαχαίνω is a backformation from the compp., especially ἀμφι-λαχαίνω (ω 242). - Further unclear. In this interpretation disappears the any way doubtfull connection (after Fick 2, 238) with some Celtic words for `spade' v. t., MIr. lāige m. `spade', lāigen f. `lance', s. O'Rahilly Ériu 13, 152 f. - As there is no etym., the word for `vegetables' will be of Pre-Greek origin; on λαχαίνω see above. - On the absence of a preverb J.-L. Perpillou, RPh. 73 (1999) 96.
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    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λαχαίνω

  • 52 λάχανον

    λαχαίνω, λάχανον
    Grammatical information: v.
    Meaning: `dig' (since ω 242).
    Other forms: aor. λαχῆναι.
    Compounds: also with ἀμφι-, ἐκ-, δια-,
    Derivatives: λάχανον, gew. pl. -α, n. `garden-herbs, vegetables' (IA.); often as 1. member, e.g. λαχανο-πώλης `greengrocer' (Critias, pap.). Several derivv.: 1. diminut. λαχάνιον (D. L., pap.), - ίδιον (H.). 2. λαχανική, - όν `taxes on vegetables' ( Inscr. Magn., Sammelb.), λαχανάριον herbarium (Gloss.). 3. λαχαν-ᾶς (Hdn. Gr.), - εύς (Procl.) `greengrocer'. 4. λαχαν-ώδης (Arist., Thphr.), - ηρός (Thphr.), - ιος (Jul., Ostr.) `belonging to vegetables'. 5. λαχανεύω `plant, cultivate, harvest vegetables' (pap., Str., App.) with λαχανεία `cultivation etc. of vegetables' (LXX, pap., J.), also λαχαν-ιά `gardenbed' (H., sch., also pap.?; doubted by Scheller Oxytonierung 68 f.); λαχάνευ-μα `cultivation of vegetables' (Procl.), - τής `greengrocer' (pap.). 6. λαχανίζομαι, -ω `harvest vegetables, to be at grass (of horses)' (EM, Hippiatr.) with - ισμός (Th., pap., Hippiatr.).
    Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
    Etymology: Quite doubtfull λαχή in A. Th. 914 (lyr.) τάφων πατρῴων λαχαί ('the digging' sch.); rather λάχαι to λαγχάνω, s. v. The semantic difficulty to connect λαχαίνω and λάχανον with each other (cf. Schwyzer 725), may perhaps be colved with Debrunner IF 21, 43 (after Fraenkel Denom. 8) in this way, that the only late appearing denominative simplex λαχαίνω is a backformation from the compp., especially ἀμφι-λαχαίνω (ω 242). - Further unclear. In this interpretation disappears the any way doubtfull connection (after Fick 2, 238) with some Celtic words for `spade' v. t., MIr. lāige m. `spade', lāigen f. `lance', s. O'Rahilly Ériu 13, 152 f. - As there is no etym., the word for `vegetables' will be of Pre-Greek origin; on λαχαίνω see above. - On the absence of a preverb J.-L. Perpillou, RPh. 73 (1999) 96.
    Page in Frisk: 2,92

    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λάχανον

  • 53 πρόαρον

    Grammatical information: n.
    Meaning: `large wooden mixing bowl' (Pamphil. ap. Ath. 11, 495 a).
    Origin: XX [etym. unknown]
    Etymology: Usu. explained as compound of πρό and ἀρύειν; so prop. "for-scooper"? As designation of a pot, from which the wine was versed in the drinking cups, not especially illuminating.
    Page in Frisk: 2,597

    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πρόαρον

  • 54 Σῑσυφος

    Σῑ́συφος K
    Grammatical information: m.
    Meaning: Son of Aiolos, the most cunning of men, known especially as one of the penitents of the underworld (Il.).
    Derivatives: Σισυφ-ία χθών = Corinth (Epigr. ap. Paus.), also - ὶς ἀκτή, αἶα (Theoc., AP), - ειος `belonging to S.' (E.), - ειον n. `temple of Sisyphos' (D. S., Str.); - ίζω `to act like S.' (Phryn. PS).
    Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
    Etymology: Often connected with σοφός, which seems not improbable. The 1. part is then diff. interpreted: reinforcing IE *tu̯i- (Brugmann IF 39, 140ff.; cf. on σιγαλόεις); intensive reduplication (Carnoy Le Muséon 67, 362); cf. σέσυφος πανοῦργος H. To be rejected E. Maaß Byz.-neugr. Jbb. 5, 172ff.; cf. Kretschmer Glotta 17, 264. -- Furnée 357 etc. connects σέσυφος, ἀσύφηλος and αἰσύφιος.
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    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Σῑσυφος

  • 55 μεμβράνα

    μεμβράνα, ης, ἡ (Lat. loanw.: membrana; s. B-D-F §5, 1 [μεμβράνη]; Rob. 109; GMeyer, D. lat. Lehnworte im Neugriech.: SBWienAk 132, 1895, 44 [μεμβρᾶνα];—Charax of Pergamum [II/III A.D.]: 103 Fgm. 37 Jac.; Acta Barn. 6 p. 66 Tisch. τὰς μεμβράνας; POxy 2156, 9 [c. 400 A.D.]) parchment, used for making of books or for sundry writing purposes. τὰ βιβλία, μάλιστα τὰς μ. the books (better: ‘the written works’, i.e. scrolls, whether Jewish or others, made of papyrus or animal skins), especially the parchments 2 Ti 4:13 (in favor of ‘scrolls’ cp. Theodoret 3, 695 Sch. μεμβράνας τὰ εἱλητὰ κέκληκεν• οὕτω γὰρ Ῥωμαῖοι καλοῦσι τὰ δέρματα. ἐν εἱλητοῖς δὲ εἶχον πάλαι τὰς θείας γραφάς. οὕτω δὲ καὶ μέχρι τοῦ παρόντος ἔχουσιν οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι ‘he calls the scrolls μεμβράνας, for the Romans apply this term to skins. Of old they had the sacred scriptures in rolls and so the Jews do up to the present time’. But WHatch [letter of Sept. 12, ’53] concluded that the μεμβράνα of 2 Ti were parchment codices, pointing to Martial, Ep. 14, 7; 184: pugillares membranei = ‘parchments of a size to be held in one’s fist’; cp. Ep. 14, 186; 188; 190; 192; MJames, Companion to Latin Studies3 ’43, 238. So also CMcCown, HTR 34, ’41, 234f.—RAC 2, 664ff (lit.); Kl. Pauly III 1185f (lit.).—B. 1289. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > μεμβράνα

  • 56 πρωτόμαρτυς

    πρωτόμαρτυς, υρος, ὁ of one especially distinguished for testimony to the death, first martyr, of Stephen Ac 22:20 v.l. (cp. Πράξεις Παύλου Aa I 235 v.l. in the fem. form of Thecla, whose prestige is indicated by the descriptive terms ἀποστολός and ἰσαπόστολος in the ms. tradition; the mss. vary, some qualifying πρ. with ἐν γυναιξί).—Late pap: New Docs 2, 152.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > πρωτόμαρτυς

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