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1 ἀγχίλωψ
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `swelling which obstructs the lacrymal duct' (Gal. 19, 438).Other forms: Synonym αἰγίλωψ (Cels.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Galen analyses as ἄγχι and ὤψ. Strömberg Wortstudien 95f. agrees and explains the - λ- from the synonym αἰγίλωψ (perhaps - λωψ as a whole comes from there). The first member rather from ἄγχω. Not very convincing. - The synonym proves Pre-Greek origin: α\/αι, prenasalization and γ\/χ. Influence of ἄγχι\/ ἄγχω on αἰγίλωψ is improbable. Note that αι before NC is not tolerated in Greek; perhaps the first i derives from a palatalized g'. The analysis will be * a(n)g'-il-ōp-.Page in Frisk: 1,17Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀγχίλωψ
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2 ἄσκαρος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: 1. kind of `shoe'; also 2. a musical instrument. H. Poll. 4, 60: ἔνιοι δε την ψιθὺραν την αὐτην εἶναι τῳ̃ ἀσκάρῳ ὀνομαζομένῳ νομίζουσιν. And ἄσκαροι· γένος ὑποδημάτων η σανδαλίων H.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Unknown. The musical instrument was a square with strings, so it has nothing to do with the shoe. Fur. analyses the shoe as - αρος and ἀσκός `skin, bag made of a skin'. Unclear ἀσκαροφόρον φορτηγόν H. (so ἄσκαρος `bag, pack, load'?) Cf. ἀσκέρα and ἀσκηρά.Page in Frisk: 1,163Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄσκαρος
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3 γηθυλλίς
γηθυλλίς, - ίδοςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: name of an onion (Epich.); (cf. Strömberg Theophrastea 84).Other forms: γήθυον n. (Ar.), γήτειον n. (Ar.), κητίον (Cratin.), γαιθυλλάδαι Η. Fur. 187, 253 further adds γάθια ἀλλάντια H., ἀγασυλλίς (Dsc. 3, 84. ἀγαθίς = σησαμίς H.Dialectal forms: Dor. γᾱθυλλίςOrigin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Kalén GHÅ 24 (1918): 1, 103ff. analyses γη-θυλλίς as `Erdsäckel'; also γήθυον as *θύον `sacculus'; a most remarkable etymology (discussed seriously by the etym. dictionaries!). It does not account for γήτειον. θ after γηθέω (DELG) is the wrong kind of `explaining away' facts. Evidently a Pre-Greek name (Fur. ll.cc.; note α\/αι, θ\/σ).Page in Frisk: 1,304Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > γηθυλλίς
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4 κράμβος
Grammatical information: adj.Derivatives: κραμβαλέος `dry, roasted' (Ath.; after αὑαλέος a.o.), κραμβαλίζουσιν καπυρίζουσι H.; with vowelassimilation κρομ-βόω `roast, bake' (Diph.). - κραμβότατον στόμα; H., Suid.); as subst. m. `blight in grapes, when they shrivel before they are ripe' (Thphr.; Strömberg Theophrastea 167). - Here also κράμβαλα μνημεῖα H. (of the urn with ashes), which is quite unclear to me. Further κράμβωτον ἰκτῖνος τὸ ζῳ̃ον H. (after the claws?; diff. Thompson s. v.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The word has been compared with OHG (h)rimfan `wrinkel, curb, rūmpfen' as IE * kremb-, * kromb-. On the ending - βος and the α-vowel cf. a. o. σκαμβός, κλαμβός (s. v.). The accent is remarkable and may point to original substantiv. function. - Fur. 238 compares κραῦρος `dry, frail, fragile' (s.v.), without prenasalization and with u̯ for β (on which see Fur. 228 -242), which is convincing; note Frisk s.v. κραῦρος "ebenfalls mit bemerkenswerter Barytonese." Fur. 343 further adduces κόμβος [note the accent!] ὁ κόνδυλος. καὶ ὁ καπυρός; κρομβότατον καπυρώτατον. κατακεκονδυλωμένον H. Further perh. κράβυζος (s.v.). So without a doubt a Pre-Greek word. - Fur. 283 analyses κράμβωτον and connects κράμβος λάρος H.[`mew'] what I do not understand.Page in Frisk: 2,5-6Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κράμβος
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5 ὄγκος 1
ὄγκος 1.Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `barbs of an arrow, chock' (Il., Philostr. Im., Moschio ap. Ath. 5, 208 b);Other forms: beside it ὄγκη γωνία H.Etymology: Identical with Lat. uncus m. `hook' (second. adj. `curved'); from Lat. uncinus m. `barbed hook' (Vitr.; cf. Leumann Lat. Gr. 225) comes Gr. ὄγκινος `id.' (Poll. 1, 137 v. L, sch.). Further cognates s. ἀγκ- ( ἀγκ-άλη, - ών etc.). Useless root-analyses by Specht Ursprung 189 and 253 n. 1.Page in Frisk: 2,347Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὄγκος 1
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6 ὀπιτίων
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `a plant with a bulb', perh. Buneum ferulaceum (Thphr.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Furnée 240 compares οὔιτον `an Egyptian truffle'; ουιτον τὸ ὑπ' ἐνίων οἰτόν H. beside ἴτον a Thracian mushroom (Ath. 2, 62a v.l. οἰτόν ( iton Plin.), which he analyses as ( ὀ)Ϝιτον; he further connects ὕδνον, οἴδνα. The forms point to a Pre-Greek word.Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὀπιτίων
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7 ῥαίνω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to besprinkle, to spray, to strew' (Il.).Other forms: Aor. ῥῆναι (Hp. a.o.), ῥᾶναι (Att., hell.), pass. ῥανθῆναι (Pi. a.o.), ipv. 2. pl. ῥάσσατε (υ 150), ptc. περι-ρασάμενοι (Pergamon IIa) after κεδάσσαι, κεράσ(σ)αι a.o. (?), perf. act. δι-έρραγκα (LXX), midd. 3. pl. ἐρράδαται (υ 354), plqu. - δατ(ο) (Μ 431) with analog. - δ- (Schwyzer 672; but s. bel.), ἔρραμμαι (hell. a. late), - ασμαι (sch.).Compounds: Often w. prefix, esp. περι-.Derivatives: 1. ῥανίς, - ίδος f. `drop' (trag., Ar., Arist.) with ῥανίζω = ῥαίνω (Poll.); 2. ῥαντός `besprinkled, spotted' (Hp.) with ῥαντίζω, also w. περι- a.o., = ῥαίνω (LXX, Ep. Hebr. a.o.), to which ( περι-)ῥαντ-ισμός m. (LXX, NT), - ισμα n. (Vett.Val.); 3. ῥαντήρ, - ῆρος m. `sprinkler' (Nic.) with ( περι-, ἁπο-)ῥαντήριον n. `vessel with sprinkling water' (IA.); 4. ( περι-)ῥάντης m. `sprinkler' (pap.); 5. ( περί-)ῥανσις f. `sprinkling' (Pl., pap.); 6. ἀπό-ρ(ρ)ανθρον = ἀπορραντήριον (Anaphe, Priene); 7. ῥάσμα n. `sprinkling, spray' (hell.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The above verbal system is based on ῥαν-, which, if inherited, represents the zero grade of IE *u̯ren- or * sren- (of which one would expect *u̯\/sr̥n-). Certain non-Gr. cognates are unknown. After Solmsen KZ 37, 590ff. to a Slav. verb for `let fall, shed' in Russ. ronítь, Czech. roniti, Pol. ronić a.o., which can go back on *u̯ron-, but may be explained diff. (WP. 1, 139, Pok. 329). Unclear is Hitt. ḫurnāi- `besprinkle' (Szemerényi KZ 73, 74). Who analyses the root as u̯r-en- or sr-en-, can locate the word in a wellknown surrounding. -- (Improb. is the connection with ῥαίνω (as *u̯rn̥-dh-, s. above) of ῥαθάμιγξ; s. v.) -- The variation δ\/ν is well known as a Pre-Greek phenomenon (Kuiper, FS Kretschmer 1, 216). This proves that the verb is Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,639-640Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ῥαίνω
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8 στόμα
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `mouth, muzzle, front, peak, edge' (Il.).Dialectal forms: Myc. Tomako, Tumako \/ στόμαργος\/ (Mühlestein Studi Micenei 2 (1967), 43ff. w. lit.; Killen, Minos 27-8, 1992-1993 [95],101-7Compounds: Many compp., almost all from the shorter stem (cf. below), e.g. στόμ-αργος `chattering, high-sounding' (trag.), to ἀργός (Willis AmJPh 63, 87 ff.: `shining' \> `bright' \> `loud'?), if not after γλώσσ-αργος, which could stand for γλώσσ-αλγος (s. on γλῶσσα w. lit.); Blanc RPh. 65, 1991, 59-66 analyses the word as στόμα + μάργος `furious', also BAGB 1996\/1, 8-9; cf. also Πόδ-αργος (s. πούς); on στομα-κάκη s. κακός; εὔ-στομος `with a beautiful mouth, speaking nicely', also = `silent' (Hdt., X. etc.); beside it, quite rarely, στοματ-ουργός `working with one's mouth, grandiloquent' (Ar.). κακο-στόματος (AP) for κακό-στομος (E. a.o.).Derivatives: 1. στόμ-ιον n. `mouth, opening, denture, bit, bridle' (IA.), rarely `mouth' (Nic.), with - ίς f. `halter' (Poll.); ἐπι-στομ-ίζω `to put in a bit' (Att.), also `to shut up one's mouth' (late). 2. στόμ-ις m. `hard-mouthed horse' (A. Fr. 442 = 649 M.; cf. Schwyzer 462 n. 3), also - ίας `id.' (Afric., Suid.). 3. - ώδης `speaking nicely' (S.), `savoury' (Sor.). 4. - ίζομαι `to take in the mouth' (Aq.), w. prefix, e.g. ἀπο-στομίζω `to remove the edge' (Philostr.). 5. - όω ( ἀνα- στόμα a.o.) `to stop the mouth, to provide with an opening, edge, to harden' (IA.) with - ωμα n. `mouth' (A.), `hardening, which is hardened, steel' (Cratin., Arist., hell. a. late), - ωμάτιον (Gloss.), - ωσις f. `hardening' (S., hell a. late), - ωτής = indurator (gloss.). -- Besides στομάτ-ιον n. dimin. (Sor.), - ικός `belonging to the mouth' (medic. a.o.), ἀπο-στοματ-ίζω `to repeat, to interrogate etc.' (Pl., Arist. etc.). -- On στόμαχος, στωμύλος s. vv.Etymology: The etymol. unclear στόμα has secondarily joined the verbal nouns in - μα (Schwyzer 524 w. n. 5), with which the strong predilection for the short form στομ- in compp. and derivv. may be connected (cf. Georgacas Glotta 36, 163). But the n-stem is old and is found not only in Av. staman- m. `mouth (of a dog)' but also in Celtic, e.g. Welsh safn `jaw-bone'. So we must reconstruct * steh₃m-, which was in Greek replaced by the zero grade (* sth₃m-); on the short a of Avestan see Lubotsky Kratylos 42(1997) 56f. -- Far remain however the Germ. words for `voice', Goth. stibna, OHG stimna, stimma etc. and the Hitt. word for `ear', ištam-ana-, - ina-, prob. denominativ from ištamašzi `hear' (Frisk GHÅ 57, 19ff. = Kl. Schr. 79ff. w. lit.; diff. Kronasser Etymologie II 399).Page in Frisk: 2,800-801Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > στόμα
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