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101 σπείρω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to sow, to seed', also (esp. w. prefix) `to spread, to scatter, to distribute'.Other forms: Aor. σπεῖραι, fut. σπερῶ, aor. pass. σπαρ-ῆναι, fut. - ήσομαι, perf. midd. ἔσπαρμαι (IA), act. ἔσπαρκα (late.).Derivatives: A. With full grade: 1. σπέρμα n. `seed, sowing, stem, sprout' ( ε 490); as 1. member also with transition in the o-stems, e.g. σπερμο-λόγος "picking up corn", `rook' (Ar., Arist. etc.; Schmid Phil. 95, 82), `chatterbox' (D. etc., MLat. spermologus; Silvestre Arch. Lat. Med. Aevi 30, 155 ff.). From it σπερ-μάτιον n. dimin. (Thphr. a. o.), - ματίας ( σικυός) m. `seed bearer' (Cratin.), - ματίτης, - ματῖτις `bearing, bringing forth seed' (late; Redard 102), - ματικός `to hold, to bring forth seed' (Arist. etc.), - ματώδης `seed-like' (late); - μαίνω `to sow, to bring forth' (Hes., Call., Plu. a. o.), - ματίζω `to sow, to bear seed', - ματίζομαι `to be sown, pregnant' with - ματισμός m. (LXX, Thphr.), - ματόομαι `to come to seed' (Thphr.) with - μάτωσις (Phan. Hist.). -- 2. σπέραδος n. = σπέρμα (Nic.; like χέραδος). -- B. With o-ablaut: 1. σπόρος m. `seed, sowing' (Att.) with - ιμος `fit for sowing', τὰ -α `sowing fields' (X.. Thphr., LXX a. o.; Arbenz 46 a. 48). 2. σπορά f. `sowing, seed, procreation, descent' (Trag., Pl., Thphr. a. o.) with - αῖος `sown' (Babr.); often to the prefixcompp., e.g. διασπορά f. `dispersal, exile' (LXX, Ph., Plu. a. o.). 3. From σπόρος or σπορά: ὁμό-σπορος `of the same seed, kindred' (poet. h. Cer.); σπορ-εύς ( κατα-. δια-) m. `sower, begetter' (X., pap. a.o.; Bosshardt 53). 4. σπορητός m. `sowing, seed' (A., X., Thphr.; after ἀλοητός, ἄμητος a. o.; not with Bosshardt l. c. from *σπορέω). 5. σποράς, - άδος `dispersed' (IA.), αἱ Σποράδες group of islands, with - άδην `dispersed' (Att. etc.), - αδικός `id.' (Arist.), - άσαι aor. `to disperse' (inscr.). 6. ἐπισπορ-ίη f. `after-seed, second seed' (Hes.; ἐπίσπορος A.), περισπόρ-ια n. pl. `suburbs' (LXX). -- C. With zero grade: 1. σπαρ-τός `sown' (A. a. o.); οἱ Σπαρτοί m.. pl. "the sown ones", of the dragonseed of Kadmos (Pi. a.o.); 2. σπαρνός (s. v.).Etymology: As agricultural term for sowing σπείρω belongs exclusively to Greek. In the west, including Balto-Slavic, appear for it representatives of sē-: sh₁- (Lat. sēmen etc.); s. Ernout-Meillet and W.-Hofmann s. 1. serō (cf. also above on ἵημι). Also in the supposedly older meaning `strew' the other languages provide nothing, that can be identified with σπείρω. Nearest cognate Armenian has in sp'iṙ `strews' with sp`r̄em `spread out' and in p`arat `spread out, separated' with p`aratem `spread out, remove' words which, not to speak of the "rolling" r̄ and the vowel (IE ē or i) in sp`iṙ, in anlaut (IE ( s)ph-?) differ from σπείρω. Arm. spar̄nam `threaten' (Meillet BSL 31, 52) differs semantically strongly. The last word leads to the s. σπαίρω adduced Skt. sphuráti, Lat. spernō etc. Thus we retain two IE groups sp(h)er- with the general meaning `strew, sprinkle, spatter' resp. `draw out, kick with the foot, sprawl, (Gm.) hurry', which, cannot well be distinguished and as popular-expressive expressions may have formed the starting point for σπείρω". Cf. the lit. on σπαίρω. -- Hitt. išpar-iya-zi (beside išpar-i) `he folds out, stretches out', wit σπείρω formally comparable, gives some doubts (Benveniste BSL 33, 139).Page in Frisk: 2,762-763Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σπείρω
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102 σπλήν
σπλήν, σπληνόςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `spleen' (IA), metaph. `compress' (Hp.; cf. - ίον), αἰγὸς σπλήν as plantname `mallow, cheeseweed' (Ps.-Dsc.).Compounds: As 2. member a. o. in ἄ-σπλην-ον n., - ος m. `miltwaste' (Dsc. a. o., because of its medic. effect against spleen; Strömberg Pfl. 86, where ἀ- is wrongy interpreted as prothetic, cf. Vitr. I 4, 10).Derivatives: 1. σπλην-ίον n., - ίσκον n., - ίσκος m., - άριον n. `compress' (Hp., Dsc., Samos IVa); - ίον also as name of several plants (Dsc.; cf. ἄσπληνον ab.). 2. - ίτης, f. - ῖτις `belonging to the spleen, disease of the spleen' (Medic.; Redard 104 a. 102 f.). 3. - ικός `belonging to the spleen, splenetic' (Hp., hell. com. etc.), - ώδης `id.' (Hp.). 4. - ιάω `to be splenetic' (Arist. a. o.). -- Beside it σπλάγχνα n. pl. `interior organs (heart, liver, lungs, kidneys), intestines' (Il.), rarely and second. sg. as des. of individual organs (A., Pl., Arist.), metaph. (pl. a. sg.) "heart" = `mental state' (trag.), `compassion, commiseration, charity' (LXX, NT; coloured by Semitic). As 1. member a. o. in σπλαγχνο-φάγος `eating intestines' (LXX a.o.); often as 2. member, e.g. εὔ-σπλαγχνος `having healthy intestines' (Hp.), `compassionate' (LXX, NT). From it 1. σπλαγχν-ίδια n. pl. dimin. (Diph.). 2. - ίδης ( UPZ 89, 3 a. 13) form a. meaning doubted; cf. Wilcken ad loc. 3. - ικός `belonging to σ.' (Dsc., pap.). 4. - ίζομαι `to commiserate' (LXX, NT); - ίζω, - εύω `to consume intestines' (Cos IVa, LXX resp. Ar. a. o.) with - ισμός m. (LXX); - εύω, - εύομαι `to predict from intestines' (Str.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [987] *spl(ē)ngh- `spleen'Etymology: On the meaning of σπλήν and σπλάγχνα Egli Heteroklisie 44 ff. (not in all respects convincing); on Σπλήν as PN Bechtel Namenstud. 43 ff. With σπλήν cf. other names of body-parts as φρήν, ἀδήν, αὑχήν etc., which however all inflect with ablaut ( φρεν-ός etc. as against σπλην-ός). -- Several IE designtions of the spleen show in spite of great phonetic variation an clear similarity, which cannot be accidental. The basic word has because of association with other words, prob. also through taboo (Havers Sprachtabu 64, Specht Ursprung 77 n. 3) known strong changes. Thus Skt. plīhán- against Lat. liēn with common vocalization and stemformation but deviating anlaut; Av. spǝrǝzan-, also n-stem, but with zero grade (IE l̥) and initial sp-; the words mentioned have also IE ǵh before the suffix (Lat. liēn from * lihēn). Besides these, with stronger deviations, Arm. p'aycaɫn, OIr. selg, Lith. blužnìs, S.-CSl. slězena etc. -- As a reconstruction in detail is impossible, only suppositions are possible. We should start from *σπληχ-, *σπλαχ- (= Av. spǝrǝz-an-) with ν-stem as liēn etc. By anticipation of the nasal we get σπλα-γ-χ-ν-; further σπλήν haplological for *σπληχ-ήν (after monosyll. φρήν) or from *σπλη-γ-χ[ν]-? -- More w. lit. in WP. 2, 680, Pok. 987, W.-Hofmann s. liēn, Mayrhofer s. plīhā́, Vasmer s. selezënka. On σπλήν and σπλάγχνα also Egli l. c. and Schwyzer 489 w. n. 1. Older lit. also in Bq. -- Lat. LW [loanword] splēn (Engl. spleen etc.).Page in Frisk: 2,769-770Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σπλήν
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103 σπληνός
σπλήν, σπληνόςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `spleen' (IA), metaph. `compress' (Hp.; cf. - ίον), αἰγὸς σπλήν as plantname `mallow, cheeseweed' (Ps.-Dsc.).Compounds: As 2. member a. o. in ἄ-σπλην-ον n., - ος m. `miltwaste' (Dsc. a. o., because of its medic. effect against spleen; Strömberg Pfl. 86, where ἀ- is wrongy interpreted as prothetic, cf. Vitr. I 4, 10).Derivatives: 1. σπλην-ίον n., - ίσκον n., - ίσκος m., - άριον n. `compress' (Hp., Dsc., Samos IVa); - ίον also as name of several plants (Dsc.; cf. ἄσπληνον ab.). 2. - ίτης, f. - ῖτις `belonging to the spleen, disease of the spleen' (Medic.; Redard 104 a. 102 f.). 3. - ικός `belonging to the spleen, splenetic' (Hp., hell. com. etc.), - ώδης `id.' (Hp.). 4. - ιάω `to be splenetic' (Arist. a. o.). -- Beside it σπλάγχνα n. pl. `interior organs (heart, liver, lungs, kidneys), intestines' (Il.), rarely and second. sg. as des. of individual organs (A., Pl., Arist.), metaph. (pl. a. sg.) "heart" = `mental state' (trag.), `compassion, commiseration, charity' (LXX, NT; coloured by Semitic). As 1. member a. o. in σπλαγχνο-φάγος `eating intestines' (LXX a.o.); often as 2. member, e.g. εὔ-σπλαγχνος `having healthy intestines' (Hp.), `compassionate' (LXX, NT). From it 1. σπλαγχν-ίδια n. pl. dimin. (Diph.). 2. - ίδης ( UPZ 89, 3 a. 13) form a. meaning doubted; cf. Wilcken ad loc. 3. - ικός `belonging to σ.' (Dsc., pap.). 4. - ίζομαι `to commiserate' (LXX, NT); - ίζω, - εύω `to consume intestines' (Cos IVa, LXX resp. Ar. a. o.) with - ισμός m. (LXX); - εύω, - εύομαι `to predict from intestines' (Str.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [987] *spl(ē)ngh- `spleen'Etymology: On the meaning of σπλήν and σπλάγχνα Egli Heteroklisie 44 ff. (not in all respects convincing); on Σπλήν as PN Bechtel Namenstud. 43 ff. With σπλήν cf. other names of body-parts as φρήν, ἀδήν, αὑχήν etc., which however all inflect with ablaut ( φρεν-ός etc. as against σπλην-ός). -- Several IE designtions of the spleen show in spite of great phonetic variation an clear similarity, which cannot be accidental. The basic word has because of association with other words, prob. also through taboo (Havers Sprachtabu 64, Specht Ursprung 77 n. 3) known strong changes. Thus Skt. plīhán- against Lat. liēn with common vocalization and stemformation but deviating anlaut; Av. spǝrǝzan-, also n-stem, but with zero grade (IE l̥) and initial sp-; the words mentioned have also IE ǵh before the suffix (Lat. liēn from * lihēn). Besides these, with stronger deviations, Arm. p'aycaɫn, OIr. selg, Lith. blužnìs, S.-CSl. slězena etc. -- As a reconstruction in detail is impossible, only suppositions are possible. We should start from *σπληχ-, *σπλαχ- (= Av. spǝrǝz-an-) with ν-stem as liēn etc. By anticipation of the nasal we get σπλα-γ-χ-ν-; further σπλήν haplological for *σπληχ-ήν (after monosyll. φρήν) or from *σπλη-γ-χ[ν]-? -- More w. lit. in WP. 2, 680, Pok. 987, W.-Hofmann s. liēn, Mayrhofer s. plīhā́, Vasmer s. selezënka. On σπλήν and σπλάγχνα also Egli l. c. and Schwyzer 489 w. n. 1. Older lit. also in Bq. -- Lat. LW [loanword] splēn (Engl. spleen etc.).Page in Frisk: 2,769-770Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σπληνός
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104 κατάγω
κατάγω fut. κατάξω LXX; 2 aor. κατήγαγον; 1 aor. pass. κατήχθην, ptc. καταχθείς (s. ἄγω; Hom.+) lead/bring down τινά someone κατάγαγέ με ἀπὸ τοῦ ὄνου GJs 17:3a; cp. 3b; w. the destination given (fr. Jerusalem) εἰς Καισάρειαν Ac 9:30 (PCairZen 150, 2 [256 B.C.] εἰς Ἀλεξάνδρειαν; ApcEsdr 4:21 p. 28, 33 εἰς τὸ ἔδαφος τῆς ἀπωλείας; ApcMos 39 εἰς τὸν τόπον τοῦτον). (Fr. the barracks, located on higher ground) εἰς τὸ συνέδριον into the council building 23:20, 28 (s. συνέδριον 1c and 3); cp. vs. 15 (v.l. πρός); 22:30. εἰς ᾅδου (1 Km 2:6; s. ᾅδης 1 end; TestAbr A 19 p. 101, 19 [Stone p. 50] εἰς ᾅδην) into the underworld 1 Cl 4:12. Χριστὸν κ. bring Christ down (fr. heaven) (Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 13, 62 an eagle fr. the air) Ro 10:6.—Of things: τὰ πλοῖα ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν bring the boats to land (fr. the ‘high’ seas) (cp. Hdt. 8, 4; Cass. Dio 50, 13, 2) Lk 5:11. Hence the pass., in act. sense, of ships and seafarers put in εἴς τι at a harbor (Jos., Ant. 13, 332; 14, 378) εἰς Σιδῶνα Ac 27:3. εἰς Συρακούσας 28:12; εἰς Τύρον 21:3 v.l. (for κατήλθομεν).—M-M. Spicq. -
105 κατακλείω
κατακλείω 1 aor. κατέκλεισα; aor. pass. κατεκλείσθην LXX; pf. ptc. κατακεκλεισμένους 3 Macc 3:25 (s. κλείω; Hdt., Thu.+; ins, pap, LXX; TestSol; Philo, Aet. M. 135 κ. ἐν; Jos., Bell. 4, 327, Ant. 13, 380 κ. ἐν; Mel., P. 55, 404 εἰς τὸν ᾅδην; Ath. 6, 2 εἰς μονάδα τὸν θεόν) shut up, lock up ἐν φυλακῇ in prison Lk 3:20. Also ἐν φυλακαῖς Ac 26:10 (cp. Jer 39:2f ἐν αὐλῇ τ. φυλακῆς …, ἐν ᾗ κατέκλεισεν αὐτόν; OGI 669, 17 [I A.D.]).—DELG s.v. κλείς. M-M. -
106 ἐγκαταλείπω
ἐγκαταλείπω impf. ἐγκατέλειπον; fut. ἐγκαταλείψω; 1 aor. 3 pl. ἐγκατέλειψαν (TestJob 43:10); 2 aor. ἐγκατέλιπον, subj. ἐγκαταλίπω; perf. ἐγκαταλέλοιπα LXX. Pass.: 1 fut. ἐγκαταλειφθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἐγκατελείφθην; perf. 3 sg. ἐγκαταλέλειπται Ps 9:35, ptc. ἐγκαταλελειμμένος LXX, inf. ἐγκαταλελεῖφθαι (s. prec. entry; Hes., Hdt.+)① to cause someth. to remain or to exist after a point in time, leave of posterity Ro 9:29 (Is 1:9.—Cp. Lucian, Dial. Deor. 25, 1 εἰ μὴ ἐγὼ …, οὐδὲ λείψανον ἀνθρώπων ἐπέμεινεν ἄν).② to separate connection with someone or someth., forsake, abandon, desert (Socrat., Ep. 14, 10 [Malherbe p. 258] of soul and body; SIG 364, 88; 97; 495, 135 [III B.C.]; UPZ 71, 8 [152 B.C.]; POxy 281, 21; PTebt 27, 16; LXX; TestJos 2:4) τινά someone (X., Cyr. 8, 8, 4; Polyb. 3, 40, 7; Diod S 11, 68, 3; 18, 7, 6; Appian, Mithrid. 105 §493 desert one who is in danger; Jos, Vi. 205) 2 Ti 4:10, 16. Of feeling or being forsaken by God (TestJos 2:4) Mt 27:46; Mk 15:34 (both Ps 21:2; cp. Billerb. II 574–80; Dalman, Jesus [tr. 204–7]; WHasenzahl, D. Gottverlassenh. des Christus … u. d. christolog. Verständnis des griech. Psalters ’37; FDanker, ZNW 61, ’70, 48–69 [lit.]); 2 Cor 4:9; Hb 13:5 (Josh 1:5; Dt 31:6, 8; 1 Ch 28:20); B 4:14; Hm 9:2 (as Dt 31:6, 8); Hs 2:9; 1 Cl 11:1; abandon the fountain of life B 11:2 (Jer 2:13); God’s commandments D 4:13; B 19:2; ἐ. τὴν ἀγάπην forsake love 1 Cl 33:1 (Dio Chrys. 57 [74], 8 τ. φιλίαν; Jos., Ant. 2, 40 τ. ἀρετήν).— Cease assembling Hb 10:25 (do or carry on someth. in a negligent manner, be remiss is also prob.: Diod S 15, 9, 1 τὴν πολιορκίαν; Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 72, 8ff μηδένα δὲ τῶν ἱερέων ἢ ἱερωμένων ἐνκαταλελοιπέναι τὰς θρησκείας).— Leave (Menand., Epitr. 550 τούτοις μή μʼ ἐγκαταλίπῃς), allow to remain (cp. Demosth. 57, 58) τὴν ψυχὴν εἰς ᾅδην the soul in Hades Ac 2:27 (Ps 15:10), 31 (for ἐ. τινὰ εἰς cp. PsSol 2:7).—DELG s.v. λείπω. M-M. Spicq.
См. также в других словарях:
άδην — ἅδην και ἄδην επίρρ. (Α) 1. μέχρι κορεσμού, μέχρι αηδίας 2. ασταμάτητα, ατελείωτα 3. ἅλις* 4. φρ. «ἅδην έχω τινός», είμαι χορτασμένος, «μπουχτισμένος» από κάτι, τό έχω βαρεθεί. [ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Η λ. ἅδην ανάγεται στην ΙΕ ρίζα *sᾱ / sə «κόρος, κορεννύω,… … Dictionary of Greek
.άδην — ἅδην , ἅδην to one s fill indeclform (adverb) ἅδην , ἅδος satiety neut acc sg … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
αδήν — ἀδήν ( ένος), ο, η (Α) βλ. αδένας … Dictionary of Greek
ἄδην — ἅδην to one s fill indeclform (adverb) … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
ἅδην — to one s fill indeclform (adverb) ἅδος satiety neut acc sg … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
ᾄδην — ἀείδω il.Parv.. pres inf act (doric aeolic) … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
ᾅδην — ᾅδης ao masc acc sg (attic epic ionic) … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
ἄδδην — ἅδην to one s fill indeclform (adverb) … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
αδένας — ο (Α ἀδὴν –ένος, η και ο) επιθηλιακό όργανο του οργανισμού, στο οποίο καταλήγουν αγγεία που εκκρίνουν υγρό κατάλληλο για τη λειτουργία του (κν. γλυκάδι, ελιά, γαργαλήθρα). [ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Η λ. ἀδήν, αρχικά θηλ. γένους (η ἀδήν), ανάγεται σε ΙΕ ρίζα*… … Dictionary of Greek
ζυγάδην — (Α) επίρρ. κατά ζεύγη, ζευγαρωτά. [ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. < ζυγόν + κατάλ. άδην, πρβλ. δρομ άδην, τροχ άδην] … Dictionary of Greek
κρυφάδην — και κρυφάδις και βοιωτ. τ. κρουφάδαν (Α) επίρρ. κρυφά, μυστικά. [ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. < κρύφα + επιρρμ. κατάλ. άδην (πρβλ. νομ άδην, τροχ άδην)] … Dictionary of Greek