עבד

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עָבַד(b. h.) ( to work) 1) to serve, work for. Gitt.IV, 5 עוֹבֵד את רבווכ׳ works one day for his master, and one for himself; a. fr. Esp. to do priestly service. Ḥull.24b אחיו הכהנים … לַעֲבוֹדוכ׳ his brother priests allow him not to serve, until he is twenty years of age. 2) to prepare; to till the ground; to dress (hides). Gen. R. s. 22 קין עובד אדמה Cain the tiller of the ground. Y.Ab. Zar. II, 41b bot. גוי עוֹבְדָן; Tosef. ib. IV (V), 10 עוֹבְדוֹ, v. דָּבַב I; (Bab. ib. 33a עיבדן). Y.Sabb.I, 4b top נתן כלים … ומצאו עובד בווכ׳ if one gave a gentile garments to wash, and found him working at them on the Sabbath; a. fr.Part. pass. עָבוּד, pl. עֲבוּדִין dressed, v. infra. 3) (v. עֲבוֹדָה) to use esp. for idolatrous purposes; to worship. Tem.VI, 1, v. infra. Ab. Zar. III, 7 (defining אשרה) כל שעוֹבְדִין אותה a tree which is itself worshipped (not one at which idolatrous rites are performed). Ib. הואיל … הן עובדין since they worship merely the image (under the tree). Snh.VII, 6 העובדע״ז אחד העובדוכ׳ he who worships an idol, whether he goes through the regular forms of that particular worship (v. ib. 60b), or sacrifices Ab. Zar. III, 5 העכומ״ז העובדיןוכ׳ as to idolaters that worship mountains and hills (as deities), they (the territories) may be used, but what is on them is forbidden. Ib. 45b אילן … ולבסוף עֲבָדוֹ if one planted a tree and afterwards made it a subject of worship. Ib. 46a ועוֹבְדֵיהֶן בסייף and those (Jews) who worship them are put to death by the sword; Tosef. ib. VI (VII), 8. Sabb.56b אילמלי לא … ולא עָבְדוּ ישראלע״א had David not listened to evil gossip (against Mephibosheth), … Israel would not have worshipped idols (under Jeroboam). Ib. 105b עד שיאמר לו עֲבוֹדע״ז until he (the tempter) finally tells him, worship idols; Tosef.B. Kam. IX, 31. Ḥull.13b נכרים שבח״ל לאו עוֹבְדֵיע״א הן gentiles outside of Palestine must not be considered as idolaters; a. v. fr. Nif. נֶעֱבַד 1) to be prepared, dressed. Tosef. B. Kam. l. c. עורות שאינן נֶעֱבָדִין ed. Zuck. (oth. ed. עֲבוּדִין) undressed hides; a. e. 2) to be used, esp. for illicit purposes; to be worshipped. Tem. l. c. המוקצה והנ׳ the animal designated for idolatrous purposes and the one used; expl. כל שעובדין אותו whatever they may use it for ((e. g. yoking the ox, shearing the sheep for the benefit of idolatrous temples). Ib. 28a נעבדה בהן עבירה an illicit act has been done with them (by coupling them); ib. לא נֵתְעַבְּדָה בה עבירה no sinful act has been done with it (by which to unfit it for the altar). Ab. Zar.46b יש נ׳ במחובר אצל גבוה does the law forbidding the use in divine worship of objects which have been used for idolatrous purposes include things fixed in the ground? Ib. יש שינוי בנ׳ does change of form restore to legitimate use objects otherwise forbidden on account of their use in connection with idolatry? a. fr. Nithpa. נַתְעַבֵּד same, v. supra. Hif. הֶעֱבִיד to enslave, oppress. Yalk. Ex. 162 הֶעֱבִידוֹ בכלוכ׳ he (Esau) oppressed him with all sorts of troubles. Pi. עִיבֵּד to prepare, esp. to dress hides. Sabb.VII, 2 (among the labors forbidden on the Sabbath) והמְעַבֵּד את עורו dressing the hide of the deer (to fit it for parchment). Ib. 75b חייב משום מעבד is guilty of a Sabbath offence coming under the category of tanning. Gitt.54b גוילין … לא עִיבַּדְתִּין לשמן I did not prepare the parchment sheets with the proper intention; a. fr.

עֶבֶדm. (b. h.; preced. wds.) slave, servant. Kidd.20a הקונה ע׳ עבריוכ׳ he who buys a Hebrew slave, has, so to say, bought a master over himself. Sabb.89a כלום יש ע׳ שנותןוכ׳ dare a servant salute his master (first)? Snh.58b (ref. to Prov. 12:11) אם … כע׳ לאדמהוכ׳ if a man makes himself a slave to the soil, he will be satisfied with bread Kidd.I, 3 ע׳ כנעני נקנהוכ׳ a Canaanite (gentile) slave is acquired by money, by deed Ib. III, 13 ממזר … הולד ע׳ if a bastard marries a slave, the child is a slave; הרי זה ע׳ ממזר the child is a bastard slave (subject to the disabilities of both). Shebu.47b ע׳ מלך כמלך a kings officer is like a king (the inferior person is raised by association with a superior); a. v. fr.Pl. עֲבָדִים. Kidd.22b (ref. to Lev. 25:55) כי לי … ולא ע׳ לע׳ ‘the children of Israel are my servants, but they must not make themselves servants of servants (of human beings). Ab. I, 3 אל תהיו כע׳וכ׳ be not like the servants that wait upon their master for the sake of getting their fare (reward), v. פְּרָס; a. fr.

עֲבַד, עֲבֵד, עֲבֵידII, עַבְדָּא ch. 1) same. Targ. Gen. 9:25 (O. ed. Berl. עַבֵר; ed. Vien. עֶבֶד). Ib. 26; a. fr.Gen. R. s. 86 ע׳ זבין … ע׳ לתרויהון a slave (Potiphar) buys, the son of a handmaid (the Ishmaelite) sells, and the free man (Joseph) is the slave of both; Koh. R. to X, 7. Gitt.13a, a. e. ע׳ בהפקראוכ׳, v. הֶפְקֵרָא; a. fr.Y.Ber.IV, 7c נפק ע׳, read: עוּבְדָּא.Pl. עַבְדִּין, עַבְדַּיָּא, עַבְדֵּי. Targ. Gen. 24:25. Targ. Is. 54:17. Targ. Prov. 12:9; a. fr.B. Kam.97a הוה תקיף ע׳ דאינשיוכ׳ used to seize slaves of men against whom he had a claim Kidd.70a רגיל דקרי אינשי ע׳ he is in the habit of calling people slaves; a. fr. 2) worshipper. Ned.62b ע׳ דנורא fire-worshipper (Geber); a. e.

עֲבַדI, עֲבֵיד ch. sam(עבד to work) (corresp. to h. עָשָׂה) 1) to do, labor; to make; to act. Targ. Gen. 1:7. Ib. 31:26; a. v. fr.Ber.60b לעולם … כל דעביד רחמנא לטב Ms. M. (ed. לטב עביד; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 3) man should train himself always to say, Whatever the Merciful One does, is for good; Yalk. Job 893 כל … לטב עביד. Tem.4b אי עביד מהני, v. הֲנִי. Yeb.37a מי עָבוּד רבנן תקנתאוכ׳ (not עביד) have the Rabbis adopted special measures for priests ? Ib. עַבְדִּינָן כרבנן we act (decide) in accordance with the opinion of the Rabbis. Keth.60b לא עַבְדֵי נשי דחנקןוכ׳ women will not do such a thing as Strangling their children. Kidd.50a לא ע׳ אינש דמשויוכ׳ a man will not declare himself a wrongdoer; a. v. fr. 2) to do, fare, prosper. Lev. R. s. 5, end מה את עָבֵיד how art thou?; ומה ארעא עֲבִידָא and how does the field fare?; מה תורין עַבְדִין how are the oxen? Ib. ע׳ לב טב he assumes cheerfulness. Gen. R. s. 13 כל שיחתן … עַבְדַּת ארעא all the talk of people turns on the land (material prosperity): ‘the land is doing well (crops promise to be good); ‘the land is not doing well; a. fr. 3) to spend time. Y.Shebi.VIII, 38b top עביד טמיר במערתאוכ׳ he remained hidden in a cave ; ib. IX, 38d. Y.Shek.V, 48d top עַבְדַת טמיראוכ׳ she (the ass) remained hidden with them ; Gen. R. s. 60 עבדת גבון; a. fr.Part. pass. עָבִיד; f. עֲבִידָא made, liable to, likely, used to. Y.Peah III, 17d bot. היך ע׳ how did it happen (i. e. in what case would it make a practical difference for the slave)? R. Hash. 22b, a. e. מילתא דע׳ לאיגלויי, v. גְּלֵי. Shebu.46a, v. גְּזַם; a. fr. Af. אַעֲבֵיד, Pa. עַבֵּיד 1) to make, produce. Targ. O. Ex. 32:10 אַעַבֵּיד ed. Berl. (oth. אַעֲבֵיד; Y. אֶעְבַּד). Ib. 30:37; a. fr.Lev. R. s. 28, end, v. infra. 2) to cause to prosper. Gen. R. s. 13 כל תפלתן … מרי תַעֲבִיד ארעא יכ׳ all the prayers of men turn on the earth (mundane affairs): Lord, make the land (crop) thrive, make the land prosper; a. e. 3) to work through. Part. pass. מְעַבַּד, מְעַבְּדָא. B. Mets. 116b טינא דמע׳ thoroughly kneaded clay. Ithpe. אִיתְעֲבֵיד, אִיעֲבֵיד to be done; to be made, become. Targ. Gen. 29:26. Targ. Koh. 8:4. Targ. Ps. 62:4; a. fr.Lam. R. to II, 2 בעית לאִיעַבְדָּאוכ׳ (not לאיבדא, לעיבדא) dost thou want to be made a senator? Lev. R. s. 28, end מאן דעַבֵּיד … אתע׳וכ׳ he who made the comes …, is now to become a bather ; Esth. R. to VI, 10 האי גברא מְעַבֵּיד … עביד בלן (corr. acc.); a. fr. Zeb.75b דאיעבד, read: דאיערוב, v. עֲרַב I.V. דִּיעֲבַד.

כָּדַן(cmp. Assyr. kidînu servant, Friedr. Del. Proleg. p. 200 note 7) ( to bend, to yoke, put to work. Y.Peah I, 15c bot.; Y.Kidd.I, 61b (בריחיים) כּוֹדְנוֹ לריחיים he puts his father to treading the mill (Bab. ib. 31a bot. מטחינו, v. טָחַן). Y.Pes.IV, 31a top לכשיזקין הוא כודנו בריחיים when the horse grows old, he puts him Pi. כִּידֵּן same.Part. pass. מְכוּדָּן. Lam. R. to I, 14 (ref. to נפש חיה, Gen. 2:7, as if meaning self-supporting) עשאו עבד מ׳ בפני עצמווכ׳ the Lord made man a slave put to work for himself, for if he does not work, he has nothing to eat; Gen. R. s. 14 מכורן, מחורר; Koh. R. to II, 17 מכורן עבד (corr. acc.).Pl. fem. מְכוּדָּנוֹת. Lev. R. s. 16 (play on יְשִׂפַּח, Is. 3:17) עשאן שְׁפָחוֹת מכ׳ the enemies made them handmaids, forced to hard labor; ib. מהו מ׳ אמהן משעבדן; Lam. R. to IV, 15 מכודניות (corr. acc.).v. כּוּדְנָא.

כָּדַן(cmp. Assyr. kidînu servant, Friedr. Del. Proleg. p. 200 note 7) ( to bend, to yoke, put to work. Y.Peah I, 15c bot.; Y.Kidd.I, 61b (בריחיים) כּוֹדְנוֹ לריחיים he puts his father to treading the mill (Bab. ib. 31a bot. מטחינו, v. טָחַן). Y.Pes.IV, 31a top לכשיזקין הוא כודנו בריחיים when the horse grows old, he puts him Pi. כִּידֵּן same.Part. pass. מְכוּדָּן. Lam. R. to I, 14 (ref. to נפש חיה, Gen. 2:7, as if meaning self-supporting) עשאו עבד מ׳ בפני עצמווכ׳ the Lord made man a slave put to work for himself, for if he does not work, he has nothing to eat; Gen. R. s. 14 מכורן, מחורר; Koh. R. to II, 17 מכורן עבד (corr. acc.).Pl. fem. מְכוּדָּנוֹת. Lev. R. s. 16 (play on יְשִׂפַּח, Is. 3:17) עשאן שְׁפָחוֹת מכ׳ the enemies made them handmaids, forced to hard labor; ib. מהו מ׳ אמהן משעבדן; Lam. R. to IV, 15 מכודניות (corr. acc.).v. כּוּדְנָא.

כֵּירִי(χαῖρε, imper. of χαίρω) hail! Gen. R. s. 89 (play on כר, Is. 30:23) (when thy cattle has pasture) כ׳ כ׳ מרובה בעולם Ar. ‘hail! hail! is largely heard in the world (good-will prevails); (ed. כ׳ עבד קירי אדון; ‘Rashi: כ׳ קירי מרובה בעולם (χαῖρε κύριε, hail, O Lord), misinterpreting: כ׳ עבד קירי אדון (v. next w.), which gloss came into the text of the ed. in place of the original passage). Tanḥ. Mikk. 9 א״ל קירי כ׳ Mus. (ed. ברא; ed. Bub. 11 בדא; corr. acc.), he said to him, hail mylord!

כֵּירִי(χαῖρε, imper. of χαίρω) hail! Gen. R. s. 89 (play on כר, Is. 30:23) (when thy cattle has pasture) כ׳ כ׳ מרובה בעולם Ar. ‘hail! hail! is largely heard in the world (good-will prevails); (ed. כ׳ עבד קירי אדון; ‘Rashi: כ׳ קירי מרובה בעולם (χαῖρε κύριε, hail, O Lord), misinterpreting: כ׳ עבד קירי אדון (v. next w.), which gloss came into the text of the ed. in place of the original passage). Tanḥ. Mikk. 9 א״ל קירי כ׳ Mus. (ed. ברא; ed. Bub. 11 בדא; corr. acc.), he said to him, hail mylord!

כְּנַעֲנִיm. (b. h.) 1) Canaanite. Tosef.B. Kam. VIII, 19. Mekh. Mishp., Nzikin, s.7 (ref. to Ex. 21:26) בכ׳וכ׳ the text speaks of a Canaanite slave, opp. to עבד עברי. Kidd.I, 3 עבד כ׳ נקנהוכ׳ a Canaanite slave is taken possession of ; a. fr.Pl. כְּנַעֲנִים. Tosef.B. Kam.IX, 10. Mekh. l. c. s. 3 כדרך שהכ׳וכ׳ as the Canaanite slaves go free. Sot.35b כ׳ שבח״ל Canaanites outside of Palestine. 2) Phœnician, merchant. Sifré Deut. 306; Yalk. ib. 942 (ref. to יערף, Deut. 32:2) לשון כ׳וכ׳ it is a merchants expression, f. i., a man says not to his neighbor, ‘change for me, but ‘break ( ערוף).

כְּנַעֲנִיm. (b. h.) 1) Canaanite. Tosef.B. Kam. VIII, 19. Mekh. Mishp., Nzikin, s.7 (ref. to Ex. 21:26) בכ׳וכ׳ the text speaks of a Canaanite slave, opp. to עבד עברי. Kidd.I, 3 עבד כ׳ נקנהוכ׳ a Canaanite slave is taken possession of ; a. fr.Pl. כְּנַעֲנִים. Tosef.B. Kam.IX, 10. Mekh. l. c. s. 3 כדרך שהכ׳וכ׳ as the Canaanite slaves go free. Sot.35b כ׳ שבח״ל Canaanites outside of Palestine. 2) Phœnician, merchant. Sifré Deut. 306; Yalk. ib. 942 (ref. to יערף, Deut. 32:2) לשון כ׳וכ׳ it is a merchants expression, f. i., a man says not to his neighbor, ‘change for me, but ‘break ( ערוף).

קֵירִי (v. קֵירָס; cmp. καίριον) in due time. Sifré Deut. 323 משל … עבד ק׳ אני מוכר לך אבלוכ׳ like one saying to a neighbor, I sell thee a slave to be delivered at a certain time; but I (the Lord) do not do so, but I sell at once and deliver at once; Yalk. ib. 946 עבד קרי.