πυρετός

πυρετός, οῦ, ὁ (πῦρ, s. prec. entry) fever ([Il. 22, 31 ‘burning heat’]; Aristoph.; Hippocr.; SIG 1239, 20; 1240, 12; IDefixAudollent 74, 6; BGU 956, 2; POxy 924, 6; 1151, 35; Dt 28:22; TestSol 18, 20 and 23; Philo; Jos., Vi. 48) Lk 4:39. ἀφῆκεν αὐτὴν (αὐτὸν) ὁ πυρετός Mt 8:15; Mk 1:31 (JCook, NTS 43, ’97, 184–208); J 4:52. In the two passages foll. πυρ. is used w. συνέχεσθαι (cp. Diod S 36, 13, 3 παραχρῆμα πυρετῷ συνεσχέθη; Jos., Ant. 13, 398 πυρετῷ συσχεθείς; POxy 986, 33 ὄντα πυρετίοις συνεχόμενον), pl. (Demosth. et al.; Hippocr.: CMG I/1 p. 40, 1; 50, 6; w. δυσεντερία p. 57, 27f; 60, 27) πυρετοῖς καὶ δυσεντερίῳ συνεχόμενον Ac 28:8. συνεχομένη πυρετῷ μεγάλῳ suffering with a severe attack of fever Lk 4:38 (cp. Diod S 32, 10, 3 τῶν πυρετῶν μεγάλων συνεπιγινομένων; Galen, De Diff. Febr. 1, 1 vol. VII 275 Kühn σύνηθες τοῖς ἰατροῖς ὀνομάζειν τὸν μέγαν τε καὶ μικρὸν πυρετόν; Alexander of Aphrodisias, De Febribus Libell. 31 [JIdeler, Physici et Medici Graeci Minores I 1841, 105f] μικρούς τε καὶ μεγάλους ὀνομάζομεν πυρετούς; Aulus Cornel. Celsus 4, 14 magnae febres.—S. on this JSchuster, M.D., BZ 13, 1915, 338ff; HCadbury, JBL 45, 1926, 194f; 203; 207 note); GDunst, ZPE 3, ’68, 148–53 (fever-cult); WKirchschläger, Fieberheilung in Apg 28 und Lk 4: Les Actes des Apôtres etc., ed. JKremer ’79, 509–21. On fever in the Gr-Rom. world s. also PBurke, ANRW II Principat 37/3 ’96, 2252–81.—DELG s.v. πύρ. M-M. TW.

Πυρετός

burning heat: masc nom sg

πυρετός

burning heat: masc nom sg

-οῦ ⁺ ὁ N 2 1-0-0-0-0=1 Dt 28,22

→NIDNTT

πῠρετ-ός, ὁ, ([etym.] πῦρ)

A burning heat, fiery heat, φέρει πυρετὸν δειλοῖσι βροτοῖσιν (sc. Sirius) Il.22.31.

II fever, Hp.Aph.2.26, Ar.V. 1038 (pl.), etc.; θνήσκειν ἐκ π. Epigr.Gr. 247 ([place name] Mysia); π. ἀμφημερινοί, τριταῖοι, τεταρταῖοι, quotidian, tertian, quartan fevers, Pl.Ti. 86a, etc. (v. sub. vocc.);

διαλείποντες Arist.Pr. 866a23

.

1) fever

2) temperature

Πυρετός

burning heat: masc nom /voc pl

Πυρετός

burning heat: masc acc pl

Πυρετός

burning heat: masc acc sg

πυρετός

burning heat: masc nom /voc pl

πυρετός

burning heat: masc acc pl

πυρετός

burning heat: masc acc sg

Πυρετός

burning heat: masc gen sg (doric aeolic)

Πυρετός

burning heat: masc dat sg

πυρετέω

pres subj act 1st sg (attic epic doric)

πυρετέω

pres ind act 1st sg (attic epic doric)

πυρετός

burning heat: masc gen sg (doric aeolic)

πυρετός

burning heat: masc dat sg

συνεχής, ές,

A holding together:

I of Space, continuous, Parm. 8.6,25, Arist.Metaph. 1069a5, Ph. 200b18, al.; of quantity, opp. διωρισμένος, Id.Cat. 4b20;

σ. νῶτον Pl.R. 616e

; συνεχὲς ποικίλον a continuity of variety, Id.Phd. 110d;

σ. οἰκήματα Th.3.21

.

b c. dat., continuous with or contiguous to, in a line with, Hdt.4.22, E.Hipp. 226 (anap.), Arist.Mete. 339a22, Mu. 392a23, etc.: less freq. c. gen., ib. 393a29 (s. v.l.);

τομαὶ σ. ἀπὸ μιᾶς μέχρι τῶν δέκα Pl.Lg. 738a

: abs.,

σ. ἦσαν Κίλικες Plb.30.25.4

, cf. Str.11.6.2.

2 of words, etc.,

ξ. ῥῆσις Th.5.85

;

πᾶς ὁ σ. λόγος Plb.1.5.5

; τούτῳ συνάπτοντες τὸ ς. Id.3.3.2; τὸ ς. connexion of letters, Plu.Lys.19: c. dat.,

λόγος σ. τῷ νυνδὴ γενόμενος Pl.Ep. 318e

;

σκέψις σ. τοῖς πρότερον Thphr.CP 6.3.3

.

3 Math., of proportions, σ. ἀναλογία continued proportion (opp. διῃρημένη), i.e. three terms in geometrical progression, Arist.EN 1131a33, Archim.Aequil.2.9;

κατὰ τὸ σ. ἀνάλογον Id.Sph. Cyl.2.5

, etc.

b successive, of integers as terms in a series, Theol.Ar.54; of middle terms in argument, Arist.APo. 87b6.

4 of things, continuous, conjoined, Id.HA 509b13, etc.; folld. by a Prep., σ. πρός τι ib. 495b20; of substance, clinging, dense,

τὸ γλίσχρασμα [τῆς πτισάνης] λεῖον καὶ ς... ἐστι Hp.Acut.10

, cf. Gal. 6.822; ἀήρ, ἔλαιον, Plu.2.396a,696b; τὸ πυκνὸν καὶ ς. ib.701f; [

γάλα] λεῖον καὶ ὁμαλὸν καὶ σ. ἑαυτῷ Sor.1.91

.

II of Time, continuous, unintermitting, σ. πυρετός, opp. διαλείπων, Hp.Aph.3.21; sts. distd. from σύνοχος πυρετός, Anon. ap. Gal.17(1).220;

σ. καύματα καὶ πυρετούς Pl. Ti. 86a

; [ θερμότης] Thphr.Ign.33;

κίνησις Id.Lass.15

;

πόνος -έστερος Th.7.81

; πόλεμος διὰ βίου ς. Pl.Lg. 625e; συνουσία, βασιλεία, X.Smp.8.18 ([comp] Comp.), Ages.1.4;

πότοι Men.914

, cf. Sophil. 3;

σ. κακοπαθίαι OGI244.12

(Daphne, ii B.C.); σ. γίνεσθαι, πνεῖν, of winds, Arist.Mete. 362a11,26, Thphr.Vent.1;

τὸ ἀκρίτως ξ. τῆς ἁμίλλης Th.7.71

; τὸ σ. ἔργου (prob. for ἔργον) Anaxandr.63; τοῦ δήμου τὸ ς. continuous intercourse with.., Plu.Per.7; κατὰ τὸ ς. continuously, Plb. 2.2.7; consecutively, in what follows, Gal.15.116; ἐκ τούτου κατὰ τὸ ς. immediately after that, ib.902.

2 frequent, τῶν ὀρνίθων ἥκιστα σ. καὶ συνήθης [ὁ γύψ] Plu.2.286a;

λουτροῖς συνεχέσι χρῆσθαι Sor.1.65

; χάσμη ς. ib.24; - εστέρα ἔστω ἡ ἐκμύζησις ib.97.

III of persons, constant, persevering, X.Oec.21.9;

ἐν ταῖς.. πρὸς τὰ πάθη διαμάχαις Plu.2.74c

; cf. Poll.4.20, 6.147.

B Adv. σῠνεχῶς, [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. - έως (v. sub fin.):

I mostly of Time, continually, continuously, unremittingly, Hes.Th. 636, Hdt. 7.16.γ, E.IA 1008, IG12.57.54, etc.;

ξ. πολεμεῖν Th.2.1

, cf. 1.11, 5.24, Antipho 6.44;

συνεχέως αἰεί Hdt.1.67

, cf. Pl.Lg. 706a; ἀεὶ ς. ib. 807e; οἱ σ. ἐτῶν οὐκ ὀλίγων ἐφεξῆς γενόμενοι (v.l. γιν-)

λιμοί Gal.6.749

: [comp] Comp.

- έστερον A.D.Pron.65.17

: [comp] Sup.

- έστατα X.Mem.4.2.6

.

b without leaving an interval, immediately,

ἐπίθυε.., καὶ λέγε τὸν λόγον συνεχῶς τὸν τῆς ἐπικλήσεως PMag.Par.1.1865

, cf. BGU451.15 (i/ii A.D.), PFlor.332.18 (ii A.D.);

δίδοται πρὸς τὰ θανάσιμα σ. πινόμενον καὶ ἐξεμούμενον Dsc.1.30

; βδέλλας καύσας καὶ λεάνας χρῶ σ. προεκτίλας (sc. superfluous eyelashes) Aët.7.69.

c at frequent intervals,

ἵνα μὴ σ. λούηται τὸ βρέφος Sor.1.99

; μελίκρατον σ. ἐνστάζομεν ib. 123; τὰ βρέφη -έστερον ἐξερᾷ [τὸ γάλα].. ναυτιῶντα ib. 109;

ποτίζων -έστερον ἐκ διαστημάτων Gp.10.18.5

; - έστερον, = saepius, Gloss.; - έστατα, = saepissime, ib.

2 freq. with Numbers, in succession, consecutively, ὁρμαθοὺς μελῶν ἐφεξῆς τέτταρας ξ. Ar.Ra. 915; ἡμέρας ἑβδομήκοντα ξ. Th.2.75; μῆνας ὀκτὼ ς. Ephipp.5.15 (anap.); similarly, οὐ σ. ἐφεξῆς ἐν τάξει πεποιημένος [τὸν λόγον] Gal.15.496.

3 rarely of Space,

σ. εἶναι πᾶσαν οἰκουμένην Arist.Mete. 362b29

;

σ. μέχρι.. Plb.2.14.6

.

II συνεχές as Adv. freq. in [dialect] Ep., as Il.12.26; strengthd., σ. αἰεί unceasing ever, Od.9.74; also in Pi. I.4(3).65(83), Ar.Eq.21, and freq. in later [dialect] Ep., Arat.20, Call.Ap.60, etc.; also in later Prose, Luc.Somn.4, D.L.2.32, al. [

σῡνεχές Hom.

ll. cc. and

σῡνεχέως Hes.

l. c., B.5.113, metri gr.; also Theoc.20.12, A.R.1.1271.]

τεταρτ-αῖος, [dialect] Aeol. [full] τετόρταιος Theoc.30.2, α, ον,

A on the fourth day, τ. γενέσθαι to be four days dead, Hdt.2.89;

ἀφικνεῖσθαι τεταρταίους Pl.R. 616b

.

2 τ. πυρετός quartan fever, Id.Ti. 86a;

ῥῖγος POxy.1151.37

(v A.D.); so without πυρετός, Hp.Aph.2.25, POxy.1088.38 (i A.D.), etc.;

πυρετῷ καὶ τεταρταίῳ IG3.1424

; τ. πονεῖσθαι to have fits every four days, Hp.Judic.36;

ἑπτὰ τεταρταίῳ μῆνας ἔκαμνε πυρί Call.Aet.3.1.17

;

λύτρα τεταρταίοιο δυσαλγέος οὕνεκα παῦσαν Rev.Bibl.14.295

([place name] Lycia).

II τεταρταίη, = ἡ τετάρτη, the fourth day, Arat.806.

2 quartan fever, Orph.L. 635.

ἀμφημερῐνὸς πυρετός,

A quotidian fever, opp. τριταῖος and τεταρταῖος, Hp.Epid.1.6, Pl.Ti. 86a: neut. as Adv.,

- νὸν πυρεταίνειν Aret. SD1.2

:—also [suff] ἀμφελυτρ-ήμερος (sc. πυρετός), S.Fr. 507.

Grammatical information: n.

Meaning: `frost, cold, shivering fit' (ε 472).

Compounds: Some compp., e.g. ῥιγο-πύρετος m. (- ον n.) `tertian fever, ague' (Gal., Ptol. a.o.) for older (Hp.) πυρετὸς καὶ ῥῖγος (Strömberg Wortstud. 85), ἀ-ρριγής (adv. - γέως) `not sensitive to cold' (Hp.); also ἄ-ρ(ρ)ιγος `id., not shivering (Arist., Aret.) as δύσ-ριγος `to tolerate cold badly' (Hdt., Arist., Thphr.); both connected with ῥιγέω as e.g. δύσ-φορος with φορέω, φέρω. From it as denom. ῥιγώω, - ῶσαι, rarely w. ἐπι-, ἐν- a.o., `to freeze' (ξ 481), after the opposite ἱδρώω (not from *ῥιγωσ- with e.g. Schwyzer 724).

Derivatives: ἔρρῑγα perf. `freeze, congeal, shudder', aor. ῥιγῆσαι (ep. Il.), fut. ῥιγήσω (Ε 351), pres. ῥιγέω (Pi.); rarely w. ἀπο-, ἐπι-, κατα-. -- Primary comp. ῥίγιον `colder, ghastlier, terribler' (Hom., Hes., Semon.), sup. ῥίγιστα (Ε 873), - ος, - ον (A. R., Nic.). -- Further adj.: 1. ῥιγεδανός `ghastly, terrible' (Τ 325, A. R., Opp.), after unknown example to ῥιγος or from *ῥιγεδών? (Chantraine Form. 362, Schwyzer 530, Specht Ursprung 199 a. 345); 2. ῥιγαλέος `id.' (Emp.); to ῥῖγος as ἀργαλέος to ἄλγος (Debrunner IF 23, 21, Benveniste Origines 46); 3. ῥιγηλός ( κατα-) `id.' (ξ 226, Hes. Sc., Nic., Nonn. Ap), from ἔριγα, ῥιγέω; 4. ῥιγώδης `causing a shivering fit' (Hp., Gal.), from ῥῖγος; 5. ` Ρῖγμος m. n. of a Thracian (Υ 485); to ῥῖγος as θερμός to θέρος (Risch $ 19f)?

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1004] * sriHg-os `cold'

Etymology: With ἔρριγα: ῥῖγος agree γέγηθα: γῆθος, λέληθα: Dor. λᾶθος, with ablaut γέγονα: γένος a.o.; as ῥίγιον: ῥῖγος also e.g. ἄλγιον: ἄλγος, κέρδιον: κέρδος (Schwyzer 539). -- With ῥῖγος agrees exactly Lat. frīgus n. `cold, frost, shivering' when we posit IE * sriHgos n. Thus ῥῑγέω = Lat. frīgeō, but they may originate from parallel innovation. Further connection quite uncertain; s. WP. 2, 7 05 f. and W.-Hofmann s. frīgeō w. rich lit.

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μέγας, μεγάλη, μέγα (Hom.+) comp. μείζων and beside it, because of the gradual disappearance of feeling for its comp. sense, μειζότερος 3J 4 (APF 3, 1906, 173; POxy 131, 25; BGU 368, 9; ApcSed 1:5 [cp. J 15:13]; s. B-D-F §61, 2; W-S. §11, 4; Mlt-H. 166; Gignac II 158). Superl. μέγιστος (2 Pt 1:4).

① pert. to exceeding a standard involving related objects, large, great

ⓐ of any extension in space in all directions λίθος Mt 27:60; Mk 16:4. δένδρον Lk 13:19 v.l. (TestAbr B 3 p. 107, 6 [Stone p. 62]). κλάδοι Mk 4:32. Buildings 13:2. Fish J 21:11. A mountain (Tyrtaeus [VII B.C.], Fgm. 4, 8 D.²; Ps.-Aristot., Mirabilia 138; Theopomp. [IV B.C.]: 115 Fgm. 78 Jac.) Rv 8:8. A star vs. 10. A furnace 9:2 (ParJer 6:23). A dragon (Esth 1:1e; Bel 23 Theod.) 12:3, 9. ἀετός (Ezk 17:3; ParJer 7:18 [RHarris; om. Kraft-Purintun]) vs. 14. μάχαιρα a long sword 6:4. ἅλυσις a long chain 20:1. πέλαγος AcPl Ha 7, 23 (first hand).

ⓑ with suggestion of spaciousness ἀνάγαιον a spacious room upstairs Mk 14:15; Lk 22:12. θύρα a wide door 1 Cor 16:9. A winepress Rv 14:19 (ληνός μ. ‘trough’ JosAs 2:20); χάσμα a broad chasm (2 Km 18:17) Lk 16:26. οἰκία (Jer 52:13) 2 Ti 2:20.

ⓒ with words that include the idea of number ἀγέλη μ. a large herd Mk 5:11. δεῖπνον a great banquet, w. many invited guests (Da 5:1 Theod.; JosAs 3:6) Lk 14:16. Also δοχὴ μ. (Gen 21:8) Lk 5:29; GJs 6:2.

ⓓ of age (Jos., Ant. 12, 207 μικρὸς ἢ μέγας=‘young or old’); to include all concerned μικροὶ καὶ μεγάλοι small and great (PGM 15, 18) Rv 11:18; 13:16; 19:5, 18; 20:12. μικρῷ τε καὶ μεγάλῳ Ac 26:22. ἀπὸ μικροῦ ἕως μεγάλου (Gen 19:11; 4 Km 23:2; 2 Ch 34:30; POxy 1350) 8:10; Hb 8:11 (Jer 38:34). μέγας γενόμενος when he was grown up 11:24 (Ex 2:11). ὁ μείζων the older (O. Wilck II, 144, 3 [128 A.D.]; 213, 3; 1199, 2; LXX; cp. Polyb. 18, 18, 9 Σκιπίων ὁ μέγας; 32, 12, 1) Ro 9:12; 13:2 (both Gen 25:23).

② pert. to being above average in quantity, great πορισμός a great means of gain 1 Ti 6:6. μισθαποδοσία rich reward Hb 10:35.

③ pert. to being above standard in intensity, great δύναμις Ac 4:33; 19:8 D. Esp. of sound: loud φωνή Mk 15:37; Lk 17:15; Rv 1:10; φωνῇ μεγάλῃ (LXX; TestAbr A 5 p. 82, 20f [Stone p. 12]; ParJer 2:2; ApcMos 5:21) Mt 27:46, 50; Mk 1:26; 5:7; 15:34; Lk 4:33; 8:28; 19:37; 23:23 (Φωναῖς μεγάλαις), 46; J 11:43; Ac 7:57, 60; 8:7; Rv 5:12; 6:10 al.; μεγ. φωνῇ (ParJer 5:32); Ac 14:10; 16:28; μεγ. τῇ φωνῇ (ParJer 9:8; Jos., Bell. 6, 188) 14:10 v.l.; 26:24; ἐν φωνῇ μ. Rv 5:2. μετὰ σάλπιγγος μεγάλης with a loud trumpet call Mt 24:31. κραυγή (Ex 11:6; 12:30) Lk 1:42; Ac 23:9; cp. μεῖζον κράζειν cry out all the more Mt 20:31. κοπετός (Gen 50:10) Ac 8:2.—Of natural phenomena: ἄνεμος μ. a strong wind J 6:18; Rv 6:13. λαῖλαψ μ. (Jer 32:32) Mk 4:37. βροντή (Sir 40:13) Rv 14:2. χάλαζα Rv 11:19; 16:21a. χάλαζα λίαν μ. σφόδρα AcPl Ha 5, 7. σεισμὸς μ. (Jer 10:22; Ezk 3:12; 38:19; Jos., Ant. 9, 225) Mt 8:24; 28:2; Lk 21:11a; Ac 16:26. γαλήνη μ. a deep calm Mt 8:26; Mk 4:39; φῶς μ. a bright light (JosAs 6:3; ParJer 9:18 [16]; Plut., Mor. 567f: a divine voice sounds forth from this light; Petosiris, Fgm. 7, ln. 39 τὸ ἱερὸν ἄστρον μέγα ποιοῦν φῶς) Mt 4:16a; GJs 19:2 (Is 9:1). καῦμα μ. intense heat Rv 16:9 (JosAs 3:3).—Of surprising or unpleasant events or phenomena of the most diverse kinds (ἀπώλεια Dt 7:23; θάνατος Ex 9:3; Jer 21:6; κακόν Philo, Agr. 47) σημεῖα (Dt 6:22; 29:2) Mt 24:24; Lk 21:11b; Ac 6:8. δυνάμεις 8:13. ἔργα μ. mighty deeds (cp. Judg 2:7) Rv 15:3. μείζω τούτων greater things than these J 1:50 (μείζονα v.l.); cp. 5:20; 14:12. διωγμὸς μ. a severe persecution Ac 8:1; θλῖψις μ. (a time of) great suffering (1 Macc 9:27) Mt 24:21; Ac 7:11; Rv 2:22; 7:14. πειρασμός AcPl Ha 8, 22. πληγή (Judg 15:8; 1 Km 4:10, 17 al.; TestReub 1:7; TestSim 8:4; Philo, Sacr. Abel. 134) 16:21b. θόρυβος GJs 21:1; AcPl Ha 1, 28f (restored, s. AcPlTh [Aa I 258, 6]) λιμὸς μ. (4 Km 6:25; 1 Macc 9:24) Lk 4:25; Ac 11:28; ἀνάγκη μ. Lk 21:23; πυρετὸς μ. a high fever (s. πυρετός) 4:38.—Of emotions: χαρά great joy (Jon 4:6; JosAs 3:4; 4:2 al.; Jos., Ant. 12, 91) Mt 2:10; 28:8; Lk 2:10; 24:52. φόβος great fear (X., Cyr. 4, 2, 10; Menand., Fgm. 388 Kö.; Jon 1:10, 16; 1 Macc 10:8; TestAbr B 13 p. 117, 18 [Stone p. 82]; JosAs 6:1; GrBar 7:5) Mk 4:41; Lk 2:9; 8:37; Ac 5:5, 11; AcPl Ha 3, 33. θυμὸς μ. fierce anger (1 Macc 7:35) Rv 12:12. μείζων ἀγάπη greater love J 15:13. λύπη profound (Jon 4:1; 1 Macc 6:4, 9, 13; TestJob 7:8) Ro 9:2. σκυθρωπία AcPl Ha 7, 36. πίστις firm Mt 15:28. ἔκστασις (cp. Gen 27:33; ParJer 5:8, 12) Mk 5:42.

④ pert. to being relatively superior in importance, great

ⓐ of rational entities: of God and other deities θεός (SIG 985, 34 θεοὶ μεγάλοι [LBlock, Megaloi Theoi: Roscher II 2523–28, 2536–40; SCole, Theoi Megaloi, The Cult of the Great Gods at Samothrace ’84]; 1237, 5 ὀργὴ μεγάλη τ. μεγάλου Διός; OGI 50, 7; 168, 6; 716, 1; PStras 81, 14 [115 B.C.] Ἴσιδος μεγάλης μητρὸς θεῶν; POxy 886, 1; PTebt 409, 11; 22 ὁ θεὸς μ. Σάραπις, al.; PGM 4, 155; 482; 778 and oft.; 3052 μέγ. θεὸς Σαβαώθ; 5, 474; Dt 10:17 al. in LXX; En 103:4; 104:1; Philo, Cher. 29 al.; Jos., Ant. 8, 319; SibOr 3, 19; 71 al.—Thieme 36f) Tit 2:13 (Christ is meant). Ἄρτεμις (q.v.) Ac 19:27f, 34f (cp. Ael. Aristid. 48, 21 K.=24 p. 471 D. the outcry: μέγας ὁ Ἀσκληπιός); s. New Docs 1, 106 on this epithet in ref. to deities. Simon the magician is called ἡ δύναμις τ. θεοῦ ἡ καλουμένη μεγάλη Ac 8:10b (s. δύναμις 5). The angel Michael Hs 8, 3, 3; cp. 8, 4, 1.—Of people who stand in relation to the Divinity or are otherw. in high position: ἀρχιερεύς (s. ἀρχιερεύς 2a and ἱερεύς aβ.—ἀρχ. μέγ. is also the appellation of the priest-prince of Olba [s. PECS 641f] in Cilicia: MAMA III ’31 p. 67, ins 63; 64 [I B.C.]) Hb 4:14. προφήτης (Sir 48:22) Lk 7:16. ποιμήν Hb 13:20. Gener. of rulers: οἱ μεγάλοι the great ones, those in high position Mt 20:25; Mk 10:42. Of people prominent for any reason Mt 5:19; 20:26; Mk 10:43; Lk 1:15, 32; Ac 5:36 D; 8:9 (MSmith, HWolfson Festschr., ’65, 741: μ. here and Lk 1:32 may imply a messianic claim).—μέγας in the superl. sense (2 Km 7:9.—The positive also stands for the superl., e.g. Sallust. 4 p. 6, 14, where Paris calls Aphrodite καλή=the most beautiful. Diod S 17, 70, 1 πολεμία τῶν πόλεων=the most hostile [or especially hostile] among the cities) Lk 9:48 (opp. ὁ μικρότερος).—Comp. μείζων greater of God (Ael. Aristid. 27, 3 K.=16 p. 382 D.; PGM 13, 689 ἐπικαλοῦμαί σε, τὸν πάντων μείζονα) J 14:28; Hb 6:13; 1J 3:20; 4:4. More prominent or outstanding because of certain advantages Mt 11:11; Lk 7:28; 22:26f; J 4:12; 8:53; 13:16ab; 1 Cor 14:5. More closely defined: ἰσχύϊ καὶ δυνάμει μείζων greater in power and might 2 Pt 2:11. μεῖζον τοῦ ἱεροῦ someth. greater than the temple Mt 12:6. μείζων with superl. mng. (Ps.-Apollod., Epit. 7, 8 Wagner: Ὀδυσσεὺς τρεῖς κριοὺς ὁμοῦ συνδέων … καὶ αὐτὸς τῷ μείζονι ὑποδύς; Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 87 §366 ἐν παρασκευῇ μείζονι= in the greatest preparation; Vett. Val. 62, 24; TestJob 3:1 ἐν μείζονι φωτί) Mt 18:1, 4; 23:11; Mk 9:34; Lk 9:46; 22:24, 26.

ⓑ of things: great, sublime, important μυστήριον (GrBar 1:6; 2:6; ApcMos 34; Philo, Leg. All. 3, 100 al.; Just., A I, 27, 4) Eph 5:32; 1 Ti 3:16. Of the sabbath day that begins a festival period J 19:31; MPol 8:1b. Esp. of the day of the divine judgment (LXX; En 22:4; ApcEsdr 3:3 p. 27, 7 Tdf.; Just., D. 49, 2 al.; cp. TestAbr A 13 p. 92, 11 [Stone p. 32]) Ac 2:20 (Jo 3:4); Jd 6; Rv 6:17; 16:14. Of Paul’s superb instructional ability μ̣ε̣γάλῃ καθ̣[ηγήσει] AcPl Ha 6, 30f.—μέγας in the superl. sense (Plut., Mor. 35a w. πρῶτος; Himerius, Or. 14 [Ecl. 15], 3 μέγας=greatest, really great; B-D-F §245, 2; s. Rob. 669) ἐντολή Mt 22:36, 38. ἡμέρα ἡ μ. τῆς ἑορτῆς the great day of the festival J 7:37 (cp. Lucian, Pseudolog. 8 ἡ μεγάλη νουμηνία [at the beginning of the year]); Mel., P. 79, 579; 92, 694 ἐν τῇ μ. ἐορτῇ; GJs 1:2; 2:2 (s. deStrycker on 1:2). Of Mary’s day of parturition ὡς μεγάλη ἡ σήμερον ἡμέρα what a great day this is GJs 19:2. μείζων as comp. (Chion, Ep. 16, 8 philosophy as νόμος μείζων=higher law; Sir 10:24) J 5:36; 1J 5:9. μ. ἁμαρτία J 19:11 (cp. schol. on Pla. 189d ἁμαρτήματα μεγάλα; Ex 32:30f). τὰ χαρίσματα τὰ μείζονα the more important spiritual gifts (in the sense Paul gave the word) 1 Cor 12:31. As a superl. (Epict. 3, 24, 93; Stephan. Byz. s.v. Ὕβλαι: the largest of three cities is ἡ μείζων [followed by ἡ ἐλάττων, and finally ἡ μικρά=the smallest]. The comparative also performs the function of the superlative, e.g. Diod S 20, 22, 2, where πρεσβύτερος is the oldest of 3 men) Mt 13:32; 1 Cor 13:13 (by means of the superl. μ. Paul singles out from the triad the one quality that interests him most in this connection, just as Ael. Aristid. 45, 16 K. by means of αὐτός at the end of the θεοί singles out Sarapis, the only one that affects him).—The superl. μέγιστος, at times used by contemporary authors, occurs only once in the NT, where it is used in the elative sense very great, extraordinary (Diod S 2, 32, 1) ἐπαγγέλματα 2 Pt 1:4.—On the adv. usage Ac 26:29 s. ὀλίγος 2bβ.—Neut. pl. μεγάλα ποιεῖν τινι do great things for someone Lk 1:49 (cp. Dt 10:21). λαλεῖν μεγάλα καὶ βλασφημίας utter proud words and blasphemies Rv 13:5 (Da 7:8; cp. En 101:3). ἐποίει μεγ̣[ά]λα καὶ [θα]υ̣[μά]σ̣ι̣α̣ (Just., A I, 62, 4) (Christ) proceeded to perform great and marvelous deeds AcPl Ha 8, 33/BMM verso 6.

⑤ pert. to being unusual, surprising, neut. μέγα εἰ … θερίσομεν; is it an extraordinary thing (i.e. are we expecting too much = our colloquial ‘is it a big deal’) if we wish to reap? 1 Cor 9:11. οὐ μέγα οὖν, εἰ it is not surprising, then, if 2 Cor 11:15 (on this constr. cp. Pla., Menex. 235d; Plut., Mor. 215f; Gen 45:28; s. AFridrichsen, ConNeot 2, ’36, 46).—B. 878f; 1309. DELG. M-M. TW. Sv.