μεμύημαι

μυάω

compress the lips: perf ind mp 1st sg (attic ionic)

μυέω

initiate into the mysteries: perf ind mp 1st sg

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `close, be shut', esp. of the eyes, `shut the eyes, abate', also (esp. with κατα-) trans. `shut' ( ὀφθαλμούς etc.) (S. Fr. 774, Call., Nic.).

Other forms: aor. μῠ́σαι (Ω 637; cf. below), late. μῦσαι (AP), fut. μῠ́σ-ω (Lyc. 988), perf. μέμῡκα (Ω 420).

Compounds: Also with prefix, esp. ἐπι-, κατα-, συν-. As 1. element in μύ-ωψ, them. elarged - ωπός "with closing eyes", i.e. `near-sighted' (cf. Sommer Nominalkomp. 9 n. 2).

Derivatives: 1. Adv. in - τί with α priv.: ἀ-μυσ-τί `without closing (the lips), at one draught' (Hp., Pherecr.), from where ἄμυστις f. `drinking at one draught' (Anacr., Epich., E.) with ἀμυστίζω `empty the cup at one draught' (E., Plu.); cf. Schwyzer 623 w. n. 10. -- 2. ( σύμ-, κατά-)μύσις f. `the closing, go together' (Hp., Thphr., Plu.). -- 3. μύστης m. prob. prop. "who shuts his eyes", `the initiated (in the Eleusinian mysteries)' (Heraclit., Ar., E.) in opposition to the ἐπόπτης "the observer", wo reached the highest degree; f. μύστις name of comedies of Antiph. and Philem., LXX; with μυστικός `belonging to the mystai (mysteries), secret' (IA.; Chantraine Études 116, 123, 125), μυστήριον, usu. pl. - ια `secret service' (IA.) with μυστηρ-ιώδης, - ικός etc.; cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 222 f. -- Beside μύω stands μυέω, mostly pass. μυέομαι, aor. μυηθῆναι, μυῆσαι, fut. μυηθήσομαι, perf. μεμύημαι, rarely with ἐν-, συν-, προ-, prob. prop. "have one's eyes closed" (cf. μύστης), `be initiated', with secondarily the act. `initiate' (IA.). From where μύησις f. `initiation' (hell., inscr., Ph.). -- On itself stands μυάω `shut the lips (the eyes?)' (only Ar. Lys. 126 τί μοι μυᾱ̃τε; by H. explained with σκαρδαμύττετε), also μοιμυάω (H., Phot.); constucted from the Ar.-place?; but cf. μοιμύλλω s. μύλλω.

Origin: XX [etym. unknown] IE LIV 401, * meus- `shut oneself'

Etymology: The perfect μέμῡκα agrees with the also intransitive ἕστηκα, βέβηκα etc.; the shortvowel aor. μῠ́σαι (for which secondarily μῦσαι to μύω) may like φθάσαι a.o. have been transformed from a root aor. (μῠ́σαν Ω 637 for *μῠ́-ν?); from there the fut. μῠ́σ-ω. Then the σ in μύσ-της would be unoriginal. If old, μέμῡκα would have to be analogical. The present μύω can be explained both from μυ- and from μυσ- (*μύσ-ι̯ω Schulze Q. 334 n. 3 as a question); cf. Schwyzer 686 and 721. -- Comparisons outside Greek are hardly of help: the isolated Latv. musinât `whisper, murmur' (WP. 2, 310, Pok. 752) does no say much. (Does μύω go back on sound-imitating μῦ?; s. also μύζω, μῦθος, μυκάομαι. -- The innovation μυέομαι with μυέω may have arisen from nonpres., with η enlarged forms like μυηθῆναι, μεμύημαι; cf. Schwyzer 721. On μυάω cf. σιγάω, βοάω a.o. -- On the fate of μυστικός, μυστήριον in the Westeurop. languages (Fr. mystique, mystère etc.) and in Newgr. s. Chantraine Studii clasice 2, 69 f. - Fur. 378 compares ἀμύω and considers it as perh. Pre-Greek. Janda connects Pal. muš- `satiate oneself', IE * meus- `shut oneself' (LIV 401), Sprache 40, 1998 [2001], 21.

Page in Frisk: 2,

μυέω pf. pass. μεμύημαι; aor. subj. 3 sg. μυηθῇ t.t. of the mystery religions initiate (into the mysteries) (Trag., Hdt. et al.; OGI 530, 15; 764, 12; 3 Macc 2:30; Philo, Cher. 49, Sacr. Abel. 62; Jos., Ap. 2, 267; Just.; Tat. 1, 1. On μύησις in ins s. SCole, Megaloi Theoi ’84, 46f; on mysteries at Samothrace 25–56.). Of baptism ἵνα] Ἀρτεμύλλα μυηθῇ [τῆς ἐ]ν κυρίῳ σφραγίδος so that Artemilla might be initiated by being sealed in the Lord AcPl Ha 3, 23. Also gener., without the specific sense (Straub 31): pass., w. inf. foll. (Alciphron 4, 19, 21 v.l., but in all mss., κυβερνᾶν μυηθήσομαι) ἐν παντὶ καὶ ἐν πᾶσιν μεμύημαι καί χορτάζεσθαι καὶ πεινᾶν in any and all circumstances I have learned the secret of being well fed and of going hungry Phil 4:12.—DELG s.v. μύω. M-M. TW.

μῠέω, ( μύω, q. v.)

A initiate into the mysteries,

μυῶν.. ἄλλους ξένους And.1.132

, cf. IG12.6.113;

ἐκ τοῦ μυεῖν καὶ ἐποπτεύειν Pl.Ep. 333e

, cf. D.59.21;

ἐμύησε καὶ μυεῖ τοὺς Ἕλληνας Plu.2.607b

: c. acc. cogn.,

ξένους ἐμύει θεούς J.Ap.2.37

:—more freq. in [voice] Pass., to be initiated,

ὁ βουλόμενος μυεῖται Hdt.8.65

;

ὅσοι μεμυήμεθα Ar.Ra. 456

; οἱ μεμυημένοι ib. 158, And.1.28;

δεῖ γὰρ μυηθῆναί με πρὶν τεθνηκέναι Ar. Pax 375

; μυηθῆναι ἀφ' ἑστίας, v. ἑστία; τοῦ ἀφ' ἑστίας μυουμένου prob. in IG12.6.108;

μυηθεῖσαν ἀφ' ἑστίας SIG853

(Eleusis, i A. D.);

θεοπρόποι ἦλθον.., οἵτινες μυηθέντες ἐνεβάτευσαν OGI530.15

(Notium, ii A. D.): c. acc. cogn., to be initiated in a thing,

τὰ μυστήρια μυεῦνται Heraclit. 14

; ὅστις τὰ Καβείρων ὄργια μεμύηται in the mysteries of the Cabiri, Hdt.2.51; τὰ μεγάλα (sc. μυστήρια)

μεμύησαι, πρὶν τὰ σμικρά Pl. Grg. 497c

;

τὰ ἐρωτικὰ μυηθῆναι Id.Smp. 209e

, cf. Phdr. 250c;

τὰ λεοντικὰ μ. Porph.Antr.15

: also c. dat.,

ἐμυήθην θεοῖς Theophil.1.4

;

μυεῖσθαι γάμῳ Alciphr.1.4

.

II generally, teach, instruct, c. inf.,

ἐμύησάς τινα ἰδεῖν AP7.385

(Phil.); ἀλλά μ' ἀνὴρ ἐμύησ' Ἑλικωνίδα (sc. εἶναι) ib.9.162:—[voice] Pass.,

μεμύημαι καὶ χορτάζεσθαι καὶ πεινᾶν Ep.Phil. 4.12

;

κυβερνᾶν μυηθήσομαι Alciphr.2.4.21

.