δαυχμός

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: name of several Umbellates (Athamanta Cretensis, Peucedanum Cervaria, Daucus Carota; Hp., Dsc., H.; see Andrews, ClassPhil. 44, 185);

Other forms: Also δαῦκον (Thphr.), δαύκειον (Nic.), δαυκίον (Gp.); also δαῦχος (below), δαυχμός (Nic.), see also on δάφνη.

Derivatives: δαυκίτης ( οἶνος), see Redard Les noms grecs en - της 96.

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: The plants are characterized by their sharp smell and the bitter, burning taste of the root, so that connection with δαίω `kindle, burn' is possible; s. Solmsen IF 26, 106f., Wortf. 118 n. 1, where the scholia to Nic. Th. 94 on δαυχμός (v. l. δαῦκος) are mentioned: Πλούταρχος πλείονα μέν φησι γένη τῆς βοτάνης εἶναι, τὸ δε κοινὸν τῆς δυνάμεως ἰδίωμα δριμὺ καὶ πυρῶδες. But the Daukos-plants will rather have their name from the gummi-like sap, which is taken from certain kinds and which burns with hell flame; cf. δαυχμόν εὔκαυστον ξύλον δάφνης. (Note the form καῦκον in Ps.-Dsc. 2, 139, which was influenced by κάω, καῦσαι.) - Mediterranean origin is quite possible. We shall see under δάφνη that we have to do with one word. Note that δαῦκος and δαῦχος are one word: δαύκου τὸ μέντοι δαὺκου καὶ δαύχου γράφεται, ἐπὶ τινων δε καὶ γλύκου...H. [here we must without a doubt assume an older δαύκου].

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Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: `laurel' (Od.).

Other forms: Variants: λάφνη δάφνη. Περγαῖοι H. and δαύχνα (Thess., Cypr.) with Δαυχναῖος (Aetol.); also δαυχμός (Nic., H.; s. δαῦκος).

Derivatives: δαφνίς `laurel' (Hp.; cf. κεδρίς and Chantr. Form. 343), δαφνών `laurel wood' (Str.), δαφνῖτις `Kassia of laurek etc.' (Dsc.; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 70f.), - ίτης ( οἶνος, Gp.), surname of Apollon in Syracuse (H., EM). Adject.: δαφνώδης `laurel-like' (E.), δάφνινος `from laurel' (Thphr.), δαφνιακός (AP), δαφνήεις `rich in laurels' (Nonn.), δαφναῖος `belonging to the laurel' (Nonn.), also surname of Apollon (AP, Nonn.), Δαφναία surname of Artemis in Sparta (Paus.), also Δαφνία (Olympia, Str.). - Δάφνις m. PN, Δαφνοῦς ON.

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: Like the cognate Lat. laurus is δάφνη a Mediterranean word. "Die wechselnden Formen sind teils als Varianten der gebenden Sprache, teils als wechselnde Wiedergabe bei der Entlehnung verständlich." Frisk (which is true of most variants of Pre-Greek words), who continues "Solmsen Wortforschung 118 n. 1 und Bechtel Dial. 1, 205, Gött. Nachr. 1919, 343f. wollen δαύχνα, δαυχμός von δάφνη trennen und zu δαῦκος (s. d.) mit weiterem Anschluß an δαίω `anzünden' ziehen; kaum überzeugend." Several IE etymologies in W.-Hofmann s. laurus. - The word is typical for Pre-Greek, showing several variations. They can be explained by assuming * dakʷ-(n)-, which gave δαφ-ν- or δαυκ\/ χ-(ν\/μ)-; note that there is no *λαυφ-; cf. Beekes, Pre-Greek (B 1). Thus δαφν- and δαυκ\/ χ-ν\/μ- were one word.

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δαυμάσαι (leg. δαῦσαι) · ἐκκαῦσαι, Hsch. [full] δαυνίς, dub. sens. in Hdn.Gr.1.96. [full] δαύξ, dub. sens. in An.Ox.3.243. [full] δαῦτα· λάχανα, Hsch. [full] δαυχμός,

A v. δαῦκος.

II δαυχμόν· εὔκαυστον ξύλον δάφνης, Hsch., cf. EM250.20.

δαῦκος, ὁ, an umbelliferous plant growing in Crete, Athamanta

A Cretensis, Hp.Acut.23, Dsc.3.72 (who applies the name to two other species, Peucedanum Cervaria and Psychotis Amnis), POxy.1088.65, Gal.6.654; also, = σταφυλῖνος, wild carrot, Daucus Carota, Id.11.862, which is called [full] δαῦκον, τό, by Thphr.HP9.15.5 (but, = Malabaila aurea, ib.9.15.8,9.20.2): [full] δαύκειον, τό, Nic.Th. 858, 939: [full] δαυκίν (i.e. δαυκίον), Gp.12.1.2:—also [full] δαυχμός, Nic.Th.94 (cf. Sch. ad loc.), Al. 199.

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δαῦκος· ὁ θρασύς, Hsch.