ŏnŭs

gravis, e (altind. gurъ-h, griech. βαρύς, gotisch kaurus), schwer, I) an sich schwer, wuchtig (Ggstz. levis), 1) eig.: a) v. Lebl.: α) übh.: onus, Hor.: onus armorum, Caes.: pera, Phaedr.: catena, Ov.: arma, tela, Sen. u. Curt.: argentum, massives, Sen. – β) v. Boden, schwer, fett, terra. Hor.: tellus, Verg. – γ) v. Speisen, schwer, schwer verdaulich, cibus, Cic.: cena, Plin. ep.: gravissima bubula, Cels. – b) v. leb. Wesen: α) schwer = groß u. stark, Verg. Aen. 5, 447. – β) schwer = schwerbewaffnet, agmen, Liv.: u. miles, Tac. – γ) schwer = schwerfällig, canis (Ggstz. pernix), Col. 7, 12, 8. – 2) übtr.: a) v. Tone, tief, Baß- (Ggstz. acutus), vox, sonus, Cic.: syllaba, unbetonte (Ggstz. acuta), Quint.: u. poet. übh. tief, dumpf, stark, vox, sonus, Ov.: fragor, Ov. – b) als habituelle Eigenschaft leb. Wesen u. lebl. Ggstde.: α) wichtig, gewichtig, schwer ins Gewicht fallend, gewichtvoll, bedeutend (Ggstz. levis), civitas, Sall. fr. u. Liv.: gravissima civitas, Tac.: epistula, Cic.: causa, Cic.: auctoritas, Cic.: nec umquam fuit apud populum gravior oratio, quam etc., machte mehr Eindruck auf das V., Cic.: v. Pers., vir, Sall. fr. u. Liv.: testis, auctor, Cic.: historicus, Nep.: auctoritate graviores, Cic. – β) würdevoll, erhaben, feierlich, majestätisch (Ggstz. levis), plectrum, Ov.: numen, Cic.: bes. v. der Rede u. v. Redner, genus epistularum se-

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verum et grave (Ggstz. familiare et iocosum), Cic.: genus dicendi, oratio, Quint.: carmen, episches (Ggstz. molles versus), Prop.: Aesopus, Hor.: Aeschylus, Quint.: tum graves sumus, tum subtiles, Cic. – γ) charakterfest, konsequent (Ggstz. levis), homo, Cic.: vir, Vell.: od. ernst, besonnen, bedächtig, streng, hart (Ggstz. blandus, iucundus), supercilium, Plin. pan.: senatus consultum, Cic.: sententia, Cic.: gravior (Cato) in laudando, Cic.: gravissimi domini, Cic.: quando tuus animus est natu gravior, den Jahren nach besonnener ist, Ter. heaut. 645. – c) als ausgeübte Eigenschaft α) übh., schwer, wuchtig, drückend, heftig, stark, mächtig, gewaltig, hart, tüchtig, derb, arg, schlimm, furchtbar, sol, Hor.: aestus, Hor.: frigus, Eutr.: aestas, Verg.: tempestas, Cic.: Africus, Tac.: alapa, Phaedr.: ictus, Hor.: sopor, somnus, Curt.: morbus, Nep.: vulnus, Caes.: bellum, Sall.: pugna, Eutr.: proelium, Nep.: imperium, Liv.: iniuriae, Cic.: contumeliae, Hor. u. Vell.: poena, Sall.: supplicium, Curt.: inimicitiae, Sall.: graviore verbo uti non libet od. nihil gravius dicam, gelinder gesprochen, Cic.: ne quid gravius in fratrem statueret, Caes.: quod si quid ei a Caesare gravius accĭdisset, Caes.: v. Pers., gewaltig, victor, Verg.: acies, Liv.: gravis ictu, mit gew. Schlage, Verg.: Nerëidum numen, schwer zürnend, Ov. – poet. Acc. grave (gewaltig) statt des Adv., grave risit, gr. mugit, Stat.: gr.

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vociferaris, Val. Flacc. – β) schwer dem numer. Werte nach, hoch, pretium, Sall. fr.: fenus, Suet.: vectigalia, Suet.: dah. wertvoll, kostbar, supellex, Plin. ep. – γ) groß der Zahl nach, pavonum greges, Varro sat. Men. 183. – d) als auf einen Ggstd. einwirkende Eigenschaft,

α) auf die Sinne, u. zwar auf den Geruchsinn, stark, auffallend, empfindlich, ekelhaft, widerlich, odor gr., iucunde od. suaviter gravis, Plin.: odor caeni gravis, Verg.: elleborus, Verg.: hircus, Hor. – u. auf den Geschmacksinn, streng, bitter, absinthius, Varro sat. Men. 440. – u. auf den Geruchsinn, widerlich, stinkend, sentina, Iuven. 6, 99: mullus iam gravis est, stinkt schon, Petron. poët. 93, 2. – β) dem Körper lästig, nachteilig, schädlich, ungesund, aureum amiculum, Cic.: locus, Liv.: Minturnae, Ov.: solum caelumque, Tac.: anni tempus, Cic.: autumnus, Caes.: pestilentiā gravis annus, Liv. – γ) übh. schwer, beschwerlich, unbequem, empfindlich, hart, drückend, lästig, unerträglich, schädlich, herb, schlimm, traurig, unheilvoll, αα) v. Lebl.: opus, labores, Verg.: causa (Prozeß), Quint.: fortuna, Caes.: senectus, Cic.: vita, Sall.: mors, Ov.: militia, Hor.: m. Dat., alci gravis est militia, Curt.: hoc si tibi grave est, Nep.: hic dies nostris longe gravissimus fuit, Caes.: (alci) grave est m. folg. Infin., Ter., Cic. u. Tac.: in populum Rom. grave est m. folg. Infin., Cic.:

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grave duxi m. folg. Infin., Cic.: u. gravis m. 2. Sup., grave est dictu, Cic.: haec gravia auditu, Liv.: conatu quam effectu gravius, Liv.: u. n. pl. subst, gravia perpessus, Eutr.: passus graviora, Verg.: graviora minari, schlimmere Strafen, Ov. – ββ) v. Pers., beschwerlich, lästig, unangenehm, unerträglich, adversarius, Cic.: accolae, Curt.: m. Dat., alci odiosus et gr., Cic.: libertati Graeciae gravis, Liv.: gravis etiam eorum auribus, qui etc., Curt.: cogor ipse meis auribus esse gravis, Prop.: m. in u. Akk., gravis in rem publicam mater, Tac. – II) schwer durch etw. = mit etw. beschwert, beladen, belastet, geschwängert, stark besetzt, bedeckt, 1) eig., absol., agmen, Liv.: comitatus, schwerfälliger Troß, Curt.: arbor (fruchtbeschwert), Ov.: gew. m. Abl., miles gr. armis, Liv.: quasi gravis vinculis, als wenn ihr die K. zu schwer wären, Plin. ep.: agmen praedā grave, Liv.: graves hostilibus spoliis naves, Liv.: gr. dextera iaculo, Ov.: gr. habenae auro, Ov.: barba gr. nimbis, Ov. – 2) übtr.: a) geschwängert, schwanger, trächtig, uterus, Ov. (vgl. gravis maturo pondere venter, Ov.): graves fetae, Verg.: fit gravis, Ov.: sacerdos Marte gravis, Verg.: ballaenae utero graves, Plin. – b) beschwert, voll von Speisen u. Getränken, trunken vom Schlafe, graves somno epulisque, Liv.: graves crapulā (Ggstz. sobrii), Curt.: mero ac vigiliis gravis, Curt. – c) beschwert, beladen mit einem phys. Übel usw., schwach, krank

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durch etw., corpus, Hor.: gew. m. Abl.: vulnere, Vell.: graves avide hausto umore, Curt.: m. de u. Abl., de vulnere, Val. Flacc. – d) beschwert, gebeugt von Jahren, hoch an Jahren, hochbetagt, m. Abl., gravis od. gravior aetate, Liv.: gr. senectute, Tac.: gr. annis, Verg. u. Hor.: gr. iam aetate et corpore, Vell.: iam aetate et viribus erat gravior, Liv.

im-pōno, posuī, positum, ere (in u. pono), I) hineinlegen, -setzen, -stellen in usw., konstr. mit Dat. od. m. in u. Akk. (s. Philol. Anz. 1873. S. 10), A) eig.: pedem in undam, Plaut.: in aliena aedificia fenestras et ostia, ICt.: alqm sepulcro, begraben, Ov.: coloniam in agro Samnitium, Liv. – praesidium, Liv.: praesidium Abydi (zu A.), Medione (zu M.), Liv.: praesidium arci, Curt. – B) übtr., jmd. in eine gewisse Lage bringen, hineinziehen, cuius amicitia me paulatim in hanc perditam causam imposuit, Cael. in Cic. ep.: alqm periculo, Petron.

II) auf etw. setzen, legen, stellen, aufsetzen, auflegen, A) eig.: 1) im allg.: alci coronam, Cic.: bovi clitellas, Cic.: dona aris, Verg.: herbam vulneri, Curt.: alqm rogo, Verg., od. in rogum, Cic.: alqm in ignem, Ter.: eo (sc. in equos), Caes.: in equum, in plaustrum, Liv.: iumento, Gell.: axi (= Wagen), Stat.: dextram in caput Numae, Liv.: diadema alci od. capiti alcis, Cic. u. Liv. epit.: ingenti mole sepulcrum, ein gewaltiges Grabmal errichten, Verg.: libum Iano, opfern, Ov.: pedem super cervicem, Curt.: admissarium od. marem equae, die Stute vom Hengste bespringen lassen, Colum. 6, 36, 4. – 2) insbes., α) als naut. t. t., imp. in naves, im Zshg. auch bl. imponere, einschiffen, an Bord bringen, legiones equitesque in naves, Caes.: aeris magnum pondus ad militarem usum in

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naves, Caes.: omnia sauciata corpora in rates, Sall. fr.: exercitum Brundisii, Cic.: milites vetustissimā nave, Suet.: navis, in qua est impositus, Lact.: ut semel imposita est pictae Philomela carinae, Ov.: quo (damit desto) maior numerus militum posset imponi, Caes.: per istos quae volebat clam imponenda, Cic. Verr. 4, 23. – β) als mediz. t. t. = einen Verband, ein Heilmittel usw. auf ein Glied, eine Wunde auflegen, fibulas (vulneri), Cels.: spongiam vulneri, Cels.: medicamentum, Cels.: apta dolori medicamina, Dict. – u. so imponi, v. Heilmitteln, aufgelegt werden, vulneribus od. in vulnera, Plin.: super umbilicum contra tormenta vulvae, Plin. – γ) als t. t. der Baukunst, ein Stockwerk aufsetzen, supra suum aedificium, Paul. dig. 8, 2, 24. – B) übtr.: 1) über etw. als Aufseher, Wächter (Wache), Befehlshaber aufstellen, setzen, vilicum, Cic.: consulem populo, Cic.: regem Macedoniae, Liv.: alqm legionibus, Tac.: custodem in hortis (in den G.) fructus servandi gratiā, Nep.: centuriones ad portas oppidi et custodias, Auct. b. Afr. – 2) auflegen, auferlegen, mit dem Nbbegr. des Lästigen = aufbürden, frenos animo alcis, Liv. – in alqm onus hoc omne, Plaut.: alci onus, Cic.: alci labores, Caes.: vectigal agris, Cic.: stipendio insuper imposito, Liv.: alci negotium, Cic.: leges, Cic.: consul est impositus is nobis, quem etc., Cic.: invidiam belli consuli, Sall. – alci impositum est m. Infin., Verg. Aen. 8,

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410. Sil. 10, 656. – 3) jmdm. etwas aufheften, -aufbinden (einen Bären aufbinden), etwas weismachen, d.i. jmd. hinters Licht führen, hintergehen, täuschen, m. bl. Dat., praefectis Antigoni, Nep.: Herculi minime vafro, Sen.: Catoni egregie, Cic.: aliis, Sen.: morbo, Sen.: so auch si mihi imposuisset aliquid (Nom.), wenn ich durch irgend etwas getäuscht worden wäre, Cic. ad Att. 15, 26, 4. – impers., utcumque imponi vel dormienti posset, Petron. 102, 4. Vgl. übh. Jordan Cic. Caecin. p. 251 sq.

III) an etwas setzen, legen, A) eig.: claves portis, Liv.: manum calathis, Ov. – B) übtr.: 1) im allg.: extremam manum imponere alci rei, Verg., od. ultimam manum, Vell., od. summam manum, Plin., od. manum supremam, Ov., die letzte Hand anlegen, zu Ende bringen: impensam alci rei, Kosten auf etwas verwenden, Liv.: finem imponere alci rei, Liv., od. clausulam, Colum., ein Ende setzen, machen: finem imponere bello, Tac.: modum alci rei, Maß und Ziel setzen, Liv. – 2) gleichs. »anfügen«, a) im guten Sinne = beilegen, alci nomen imponere, teils mit Genet. des Namens, huic praedae ac direptioni cellae nomen, Cic.: vitiis virtutis nomen, Quint.: teils m. Acc. des Namens, etiam nomen ei rei, quod ante non fuerat, κατάληψιν imposuit, Cic.: filiis duobus Philippum atque Alexandrum et filiae Apamiam nomina imposuerat, Liv. – so auch imp. cognata vocabula

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rebus, Hor.: Scipionem, Afranium nusquam latrones et parricidas, quae nunc vocabula imponuntur, saepe ut (wie) insignes viros nominat, Tac. – imp. maiestatem verendam, Ov. – b) im üblen Sinne = zufügen, antun, verursachen, alci vulnus, plagam, vim, Cic.: labem, Liv. – ⇒ Archaist. Perf. inposivi, Caton. orat. fr. bei Fronto epist. ad Anton. Imper. 1, 2. p. 100, 7 N.: imposivit, Plaut. rud. 357. Cato orat. 2. p. 37, 8: Infin. Perf. imposisse, Plaut. most. 434. – Partic. Perf. synkop. impostus, Lucr. 5, 543. Verg. Aen. 9, 716. Iuvenc. 1, 514 u.a. Dichter.

porto, āvī, ātum, āre (vgl. porta), befördern = tragen, führen, fahren, bringen, darbringen, dah. auch = bei sich od. mit sich führen, mitnehmen, weg-, fortschaffen, u. = herbeitragen, -schaffen, hinschaffen, zubringen, überbringen, zuführen, I) eig., konkr. Objj.: 1) im allg.: a) lebl. Objj.: α) v. Pers.: onera, Caes.: onus molestum, Hor.: uteri onus, Verg.: arma, Sall.: vix arma, Curt.: cibum et arma, Sall.: sparos, lanceas, sudes, Sall.: fustes, heimtragen, nach Hause schleppen, Hor.: aquam, Curt.: odores et purpuras et auro pensanda (v. Kaufleuten), Sen.: commeatum secum, Caes.: secum patrios penates, Verg.: utensilia secum, Sen.: ad usum belli gazam secum, Curt.: copias secum, Sall.: omnia mecum porto mea, Cic. – m. Ang. womit? worauf? worin? worunter? u. dgl., durch Abl. od. durch Praepp.: pedibus me porto meis, Iuven.: caput abscisum manibus, Hor.: panem umeris, Hor.: onera umeris, Curt. (u. so umeris onera portantes, Lastträger, Curt.): dorso graviora arma, Curt.: plostris merces (v. Kaufleuten), Auct. b. Afr.: aquam vasis, Curt.: cadavera in arca, Hor.: rugas frontis in vertice, Ov.: fasciculum librorum sub ala ut rusticum agnum, Hor.: in triumpho Massiliam, bei der Siegesfeier das Bildnis Massilias einhertragen, Cic. – m. Ang. von wo? u. wohin? durch Advv. od. durch Praepp. od. durch bl. Abl.

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od. Acc. loc., simul multa undique portari agique, quae etc., Caes.: primitias frugum eo (dahin) donaque alia, Liv.: commeatus ab urbe in castra, Liv.: munera ad alqm patriis ab oris, Verg.: de proximo rure Abderam oppidum caudices ligni plurimos funiculo brevi circumdatos, Gell.: commeatum ad castra Pompei ex oppido, Auct. b. Hisp.: pecuniam Faesulas ad Manlium, Sall.: Romae domum ad Antonium frumentum, Cic.: id frumentum ad exercitum in Macedoniam, Liv.: donum amplum ad mea templa, Liv.: ad eosdem deos merita dona, Liv.: viaticum ad hostem, Cic.: commeatum ad alqm, Caes.: ea quae portantur ad exercitus, die Zufuhren zu den H., Liv.: port. tabulas et statuas in Italiam, Vell.: stipendium in Africam, Sall.: poet., titubantem ad moenia gressum, Sil. 10, 632. – poet. m. Ang. wohin? durch Dat., avari Pygmalionis opes pelago (auf das M.), Verg. Aen. 1, 363: obvia ora duci, zum F. emporschauen, Sil. 1, 313. – m. Ang. auf welchem Wege? durch per u. Akk., itinera, per quae commeatus necessarii portabantur, Amm.: per aversa portatae arva carinae, Sil.: ego sum, qui iussa per auras verba patris porto, Ov. – m. Ang. wem? durch Dat., commeatus legionibus, Tac.: dona alci, Verg.: donum ex auri pondo quadraginta Iunom, Liv.: crateram auream donum (als G.) Apollini Delphos, Liv. – β) v. lebl. Subjj.: inspice, quid portem, Ov.: iunctae aliae quinqueremes turres contabulatas

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portabant, Liv.: naves, quae alimenta portabant et machinas, an Bord hatten, Amm. (vgl. no. b, α). – m. Ang. worin? durch in u. Abl., nigrum niveo portans in corpore virus lolligo, Ov. hal. 131 H. – m. Ang. auf welchem Wege? durch per u. Akk., rara per caelum cum venti nubila portant, Lucr. 4, 441. – b) leb. Wesen: α) v. leb. Subjj.: equus ut me portet, alat rex, Hor.: quem Thracius albis portat equus bicolor maculis, Verg. – m. Ang. womit? worauf? worin? durch Abl. od. durch Praepp., lecticā portari, Cic.: dorso grandiuscularum puellarum portari (v. kleinen Kindern), Hieron.: in suo sinu natos portari, Ov. – m. Ang. von wo? od. wohin? durch Advv. od. durch Praepp. od. durch bl. Abl. od. Acc. loc., nec te comitem (als B.) hinc portare Crëusam fas, Verg.: quo portas puerum? Ter.: port. hominem ad Baias Neapoli (von N.) octaphoro Aniciano, Cic.: puerum Romam docendum (zum Unterricht), Hor.: duas legiones in Macedoniam, Liv.: legiones secum in Hispaniam, Liv.: a triumphalibus liberis portari in rogum, Plin. – poet. m. Ang. wohin? durch Dat., catulum cubili, Nemes. cyn. 155: tumulo portaris et igni, Auct. consol. ad Liv. 125. – β) v. lebl. Subjj.: tergum Bienoris haud solitum quemquam portare nisi ipsum, Ov. met. 12, 346: uti nulla navis, quae milites portaret (an Bord hatte), desideraretur, Caes. b. G. 5, 23, 3. – poet. m. Ang. auf welchem Wege? durch Abl., nam

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te iam septima portat omnibus errantem terris et fluctibus aestas, durch alle Länder u. Meere, Verg. Aen. 1, 755. – 2) (poet.) insbes., jmdm. etw. beibringen, vulnus cuspide, Sil. 17, 451. – II) übtr., abstr. Objj.: 1) im allg.: α) v. Pers.: tantum ego nunc porto a portu tibi boni, Plaut.: di boni, boni quid porto! Ter.: memineritis vos divitias decus gloriam in dextris vostris portare, Sall.: ad coniuges liberosque laetum nuntium portabant, Liv.: tristitiam tradam protervis in mare portare ventis, Hor.: sociis atque amicis auxilia portabant, Sall.: hic vobis bellum et pacem portamus, Liv.: bellum, o terra hospita, portas, Verg.: multa patri mandata dabat portanda, Verg.: has spes cogitationesque secum portantes urbem ingressi sunt, Liv. – β) v. Lebl.: nescio quid peccati portat haec purgatio, diese Entschuldigung enthält (verrät) irgendein Vergehen, Ter. heaut. 625. – 2) insbes., jmdm. etw. bringen = etw. zufügen, alci aliquam fallaciam, jmdm. einen Betrug spielen, Ter. Andr. 433: v. Lebl., hora cruentam quae stragem Libyae portet, blutige Vernichtung bringt, Sil. 5, 89.

suscipio, cēpi, ceptum, ere (sus u. capio), auf od. über sich nehmen, I) als Träger, A) eig., tragen, stützen, aufrecht erhalten, fulturae, quibus theatrum suscipitur, Plin. ep.: lapideae moles, quibus porticus et capacia populorum tecta suscipimus, Sen. – B) übtr.: 1) stützen, verteidigen, sich einer Pers. od. Sache annehmen, famam defuncti, Plin. ep.: alqm, Vatin. in Cic. ep.: reum, Quint. – 2) als Träger über oder auf sich nehmen, einer Sache sich unterziehen, a) um zu handeln, bald = über sich nehmen, auf sich nehmen, sich unterziehen, annehmen, bald = tun, verrichten, anfangen, beginnen usw., bes. wenn es freiwillig und ungebeten geschieht, im Ggstz. zu recipere, übernehmen, was einem aufgetragen wird, vel neglegentiae in susceptis rebus vel perfidiae in receptis, Cic.: seu iniuncta seu suscepta foret militia, Liv.: iter Asiaticum, Cic.: bellum, Cic.: negotium, Cic.: officium (ein Amt), Quint.: imperia (Kommandos) neben magistratus gerere, Lact.: onus, Cic. (s. onus no. II, A, a): salutem rei publicae, Cic.: personam viri boni, Cic.: diversam partem, Tac.: consilium, einen Entschluß fassen, Cic.: cogitationem, quidnam etc., darüber nachdenken, Cic.: odium, Haß fassen, Nep.: benevolentiam, Cic.: patrocinium voluptatis, Cic.: causam, Cic.: auch sibi propugnationem, Cic.: sibi auctoritatem, Cic.: pro me uno susceptum

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est, Cic.: votum, Liv.: maleficium, Liv.: so auch scelus in se, Cic.: vota pro alqo, G. tun, Liv.: vota in proximum lustrum, Suet.: prodigia, als wirkliche Äußerungen göttl. Zornes ansehen und auf sich beziehen, also als gültig ansehen (anerkennen), Liv.: sacra peregrina, annehmen, Cic.: religiones, abergläubische Besorgnisse in sich aufkommen lassen, in sich wecken (Ggstz. religiones deponere), Cic.: coniugia, sich Heiraten (den Pflichten u. Lasten der Ehe) unterziehen, Tac.: pulvinar, das Speisebett bereiten, die Göttermahlzeit ordnen, veranstalten, Liv.: severitatem, anwenden, gebrauchen, handhaben, Cic.: so auch orationem, Cic.: impudentiam, Cic.: suscepit vita, ut etc., hat eingeführt, daß usw., Cic.: ferias, einsetzen, Varro: maculam alci, zufügen, macula huic imperio suscipiatur, Cic. – b) um zu leiden, sich zuziehen, leiden, erdulden, sich unterziehen, maculam bello superiore, Cic. culpam, Cic.: poenam, Cic.: pericula, Cic. inimicitias (Ggstz. amicitias deponere), Cic. laborem, Cic.: laborem frustra, Cic.: sumptum, Cic.: odium, Cic.: invidiam, Cic.: dolorem, sich dem Schm. überlassen, Cic.: magnam molestiam, Cic.: nauseae molestiam, Cic.: aliquas propter amicitiam molestias, Cic.: aes alienum, Cic.: mortem pro parentibus, pro liberis, pro deo, Lact.: suscipit mortem pro nobis (v. Christus), Lact.: alqm inimicum, sich zum Feinde machen, Brut. in Cic. ep. –

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II) als Empfangender aufnehmen, an sich nehmen, auffangen, A) eig.: dominam ruentem, die fallende auffangen, Verg.: so auch suscipiunt famulae, Verg.: flumen, Prop.: aquam, in den Mund nehmen, Ov.: ex edito desiliens aqua suscepta marmore albescit, Plin. ep. – Insbes.: a) alqm, ein neugeborenes Kind von der Erde aufnehmen und so als das seinige anerkennen und erziehen, in lucem editi et suscepti sumus, Cic.: puerum, Ter.: rem publicam, cui susceptus es, respicis, geboren bist, Cic.: dah. filium etc. suscepisse ex alqa, von einer bekommen-, mit ihr gezeugt haben, filiam ex te suscepi, Plaut.: liberos ex filia libertini suscepisse, Cic. – b) eine Person als Bürger, als Schüler aufnehmen, übernehmen, alqm in civitatem, Cic.: alqm docendum, erudiendum, Quint.: suscepti a se discipuli, Quint. – c) jmds. sich annehmen, jmd. in Schutz nehmen, susc. plebem et adversus publicam disciplinam defendere, Cod. Iust. 9, 30, 1. – dah. Partiz. subst., susceptus, ī, m., der vor Gericht in Schutz Genommene, der Klient (Ggstz. patronus), Symm. epist. 5, 39 (41). Amm. 30, 4, 14. Cod. Iust. 12, 22, 1: Plur., Amm. 17, 10, 3. Augustin. epist. 149, 16. Serv. Verg. Aen. 6, 609. – d) jmd. in die Kur nehmen (v. Arzte); dah. Partiz. subst., susceptus, ī, m., der Patient, Cassian. de coenob. inst. 10, 7 u. 14. – e) empfangen, bekommen, in Empfang nehmen, pecuniam, ICt.: morbos,

————

Lucr.: cicatrices, Quint.: invidiam, sich verhaßt machen, Cic. – B) übtr.: a) als wahr annehmen, behaupten, zugestehen, sich gefallen lassen, quae si suscipimus, Cic.: quod in causa difficillimum est, suscipiunt, Cic. – b) etwas annehmen = für etwas empfänglich sein, consolationem, des Trostes fähig sein, Cic.: crimen, Cic. – c) versetzen, darauf antworten, das Wort nehmen, Varro u. Verg.: vollst. susc. sermonem, Quint. – ⇒ arch. succipio, wov. succipiunt Lucr. 4, 1242 (1250). Verg. Aen. 6, 249: Perf. succepit, Catull. 64, 101. Lucr. 5, 402. Verg. Aen. 1, 175. Vgl. Serv. Verg. Aen. 1, 144.

D, d (n. indecl., sometimes f. sc. littera), the flat dental mute, corresponding in character and sound to the English d and the Greek D, was the fourth letter of the Latin alphabet, and was called de: Ter. Maur. p. 2385 P., Auson. Idyll. 12, de Litt. Monos. 14. But at the end of a syllable, or after another consonant, its sound was sharpened, so that the grammarians often discuss the question whether d or t should be written, especially in conjunctions and prepositions. Illa quoque servata est a multis differentia, ut ad cum esset praepositio, d litteram, cum autem conjunctio, t acciperet (Quint. 1, 7, 5; cf. id. 1, 4, 16). Hence we may infer that some disputed this distinction, and that the sounds of ad and at must at least have been very similar (cf. also Terent. Scaur. p. 2250, Vel. Long. p. 2230 sq., Cassiod. p. 2287, 2291). Thus also aput, it, quit, quot, aliut, set, haut are found for apud, id, quid, quod, aliud, sed, haud. It would appear from the remarks of these authors that the last two words in particular, having a proclitic character, while they distinctly retained the d sound before an initial vowel in the following word, were pronounced before a consonant almost as set, haut (Mar. Vict. p. 2462 P., Vel. Long. l. l. v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 191 sq.). The use of t for d in the middle of a word, as Alexenter for Alexander, atnato for adnato, is very rare (cf. Wordsworth, Fragm. p. 486 sq.). On the other hand, the use of d for t, which sometimes appears in MSS. and inscrr., as ed, capud, essed, inquid (all of which occur in the Cod. palimps. of Cic. Rep.), adque, quodannis, sicud, etc., fecid, reliquid, etc. (all in inscriptions after the Augustan period), is to be ascribed to a later phonetic softening (cf. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 191 sq.).

As an initial, the letter d, in pure Latin words, suffers only a vowel after it; the single consonantal compound dr being found only in borrowed words, such as drama, Drusus, Druidae, etc., and in the two onomatopees drenso and drindio. Accordingly, the d of the initial dv, from du, was rejected, and the remaining v either retained unaltered (as in v iginti for du iginti; cf. triginta) or changed into b (as in b ellum, b is, b onus, for du ellum, du is, du onus; v. those words and the letter B). So too in and after the 4th century A.D., di before vowels was pronounced like j (cf. J ovis for Dj ovis, and J anus for Di anus); and hence, as the Greek di ( di) passed into dz, i. e. z (as in z a for d ia, and z eta for di aeta), we sometimes find the same name written in two or three ways, as Diabolenus, Jabolenus, Zabolenus; Jadera, Diadora, Zara. In many Greek words, however, which originally began with a y sound, d was prefixed by an instinctive effort to avoid a disagreeable utterance, just as in English the initial j has regularly assumed the sound of dj: thus Gr. zugon, i. e. diugon = L. jugum; and in such cases the d sound has been prefixed in Greek, not lost in Latin and other languages (v. Curt. Griech. Etym. p. 608 sq.).b. As a medial, d before most consonants undergoes assimilation; v. ad, no. II.; assum, init., and cf. iccirco, quippiam, quicquam, for idcirco, quidpiam, quidquam; and in contractions like cette from cedite, pelluviae from pediluviae, sella from sedela. In contractions, however, the d is sometimes dropped and a compensation effected by lengthening the preceding vowel, as scāla for scand-la. D before endings which begin with s was suppressed, as pes from ped-s, lapis from lapid-s, frons from frond-s, rasi from radsi, risi from rid-si, lusi from lud-si, clausi from claud-si; but in the second and third roots of cedo, and in the third roots of some other verbs, d is assimilated, as cessi, cessum, fossum, etc. D is also omitted before s in composition when another consonant follows the s, as ascendo, aspicio, asto, astringo, and so also before the nasal gn in agnatus, agnitus, and agnosco, from gnatus, etc.: but in other combinations it is assimilated, as assentio, acclamo, accresco; affligo, affrico; agglomero, aggrego; applico, approbo, etc. In tentum, from tendo, d is dropped to avoid the combination ndt or ntt, since euphony forbids a consonant to be doubled after another.g. Final d stood only in ad, apud, sed, and in the neuter pronouns quid, quod, illud, istud, and aliud, anciently alid. Otherwise, the ending d was considered barbarous, Prisc. p. 686 P.

The letter d represents regularly an original Indo-Germanic d, in Greek d, but which in German becomes z, in Gothic t, and in Anglo-Saxon t: cf. Gr. hêdomai, Sanscr. svad, Germ. süss, Angl.-Sax. svēte (sweet), with Lat. suadeo; domare with Gr. damaô, Germ. zähmen, Eng. tame; domus with demô, timber, O. H. Germ. zimber; duo with duô, zwei, two. But it is also interchanged with other sounds, and thus sometimes represents—

An original t: mendax from mentior; quadraginta, quadra, etc., from quatuor.—

An original r: ar and ad; apur or apor and apud; meridies and medidies, audio and auris; cf. arbiter, from ad-beto; arcesso for ad-cesso.—

An original l: adeps, Gr. aleipha; dacrima and lacrima, dingua and lingua; cf. on the contrary, olere for odere, consilium and considere, Ulixes from Odusseus (v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 223).—

An original s: Claudius, from the Sabine Clausus, medius and misos; and, on the contrary, rosa and rhodon. —

A Greek th: fides, pistis; gaudere, gêtheô; vad-i-monium (from va-d-s, vadis), aethlon.

In the oldest period of the language d was the ending of the ablat. sing. and of the adverbs which were originally ablatives (cf. Ritschl, Neue Plaut. Excur. I.; Brix ad Plaut. Trin. Prol. 10): pu CNANDO, MARID, DICTATORED, IN ALTOD MARID, NAVALED PRAEDAD on the Col. Rostr.; DE SENATVOS SENTENTIAD (thrice) IN OQVOLTOD, IN POPLICOD, IN PREIVATOD, IN COVENTIONID, and the adverbs SVPRAD SCRIPTVM EST (thrice), EXSTRAD QVAM SEI, and even EXSTRAD VRBEM, in S. C. de Bacch. So intra-d, ultra-d, citra-d, contra-d, infra-d, supra-d; contro-d, intro-d, etc.; and probably interea-d, postea-d. Here too belongs, no doubt, the adverb FACILVMED, found in the last-mentioned inscription. But this use of the d became antiquated during the 3d century B.C., and is not found at all in any inscription after 186 B. C. Plautus seems to have used or omitted it at will (Ritschl, Neue Plaut. Excurs. p. 18: Corss. Ausspr. 1, 197; 2, 1008).

D final was also anciently found—

In the accus. sing. of the personal pronouns med, ted, sed: INTER SED CONIOVRASE and INTER SED DEDISE, for inter se conjuravisse and inter se dedisse, in the S. C. de Bacch. This usage was retained, at least as a license of verse, when the next word began with a vowel, even in the time of Plautus. But in the classic period this d no longer appears. —

In the imperative mood;

as estod,

Fest. p. 230. The Oscan language retained this ending (v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 206).—

In the preposition se-, originally identical with the conjunction sed (it is retained in the compound seditio); also in red-, prod-, antid-, postid-, etc. ( redire, prodire, etc.); and in these words, too, it is a remnant of the ancient characteristic of the ablative (v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 200 sq.; Roby, Lat. Gr. 1, 49).

As an abbreviation, D usually stands for the praenomen Decimus; also for Deus, Divus, Dominus, Decurio, etc.; over epitaphs, D. M. = Diis Manibus; over temple inscriptions, D. O. M. = Deo Optimo Maxumo; in the titles of the later emperors, D. N. = Dominus Noster, and DD. NN. = Domini Nostri. Before dates of letters, D signified dabam, and also dies; hence, a. d. = ante diem; in offerings to the gods, D. D. = dono or donum dedit; D. D. D. = dat, dicat, dedicat, etc. Cf. Orell. Inscr. II. p. 457 sq.

D, d (n. indecl., sometimes f. sc. littera), the flat dental mute, corresponding in character and sound to the English d and the Greek D, was the fourth letter of the Latin alphabet, and was called de: Ter. Maur. p. 2385 P., Auson. Idyll. 12, de Litt. Monos. 14. But at the end of a syllable, or after another consonant, its sound was sharpened, so that the grammarians often discuss the question whether d or t should be written, especially in conjunctions and prepositions. Illa quoque servata est a multis differentia, ut ad cum esset praepositio, d litteram, cum autem conjunctio, t acciperet (Quint. 1, 7, 5; cf. id. 1, 4, 16). Hence we may infer that some disputed this distinction, and that the sounds of ad and at must at least have been very similar (cf. also Terent. Scaur. p. 2250, Vel. Long. p. 2230 sq., Cassiod. p. 2287, 2291). Thus also aput, it, quit, quot, aliut, set, haut are found for apud, id, quid, quod, aliud, sed, haud. It would appear from the remarks of these authors that the last two words in particular, having a proclitic character, while they distinctly retained the d sound before an initial vowel in the following word, were pronounced before a consonant almost as set, haut (Mar. Vict. p. 2462 P., Vel. Long. l. l. v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 191 sq.). The use of t for d in the middle of a word, as Alexenter for Alexander, atnato for adnato, is very rare (cf. Wordsworth, Fragm. p. 486 sq.). On the other hand, the use of d for t, which sometimes appears in MSS. and inscrr., as ed, capud, essed, inquid (all of which occur in the Cod. palimps. of Cic. Rep.), adque, quodannis, sicud, etc., fecid, reliquid, etc. (all in inscriptions after the Augustan period), is to be ascribed to a later phonetic softening (cf. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 191 sq.).

As an initial, the letter d, in pure Latin words, suffers only a vowel after it; the single consonantal compound dr being found only in borrowed words, such as drama, Drusus, Druidae, etc., and in the two onomatopees drenso and drindio. Accordingly, the d of the initial dv, from du, was rejected, and the remaining v either retained unaltered (as in v iginti for du iginti; cf. triginta) or changed into b (as in b ellum, b is, b onus, for du ellum, du is, du onus; v. those words and the letter B). So too in and after the 4th century A.D., di before vowels was pronounced like j (cf. J ovis for Dj ovis, and J anus for Di anus); and hence, as the Greek di ( di) passed into dz, i. e. z (as in z a for d ia, and z eta for di aeta), we sometimes find the same name written in two or three ways, as Diabolenus, Jabolenus, Zabolenus; Jadera, Diadora, Zara. In many Greek words, however, which originally began with a y sound, d was prefixed by an instinctive effort to avoid a disagreeable utterance, just as in English the initial j has regularly assumed the sound of dj: thus Gr. zugon, i. e. diugon = L. jugum; and in such cases the d sound has been prefixed in Greek, not lost in Latin and other languages (v. Curt. Griech. Etym. p. 608 sq.).b. As a medial, d before most consonants undergoes assimilation; v. ad, no. II.; assum, init., and cf. iccirco, quippiam, quicquam, for idcirco, quidpiam, quidquam; and in contractions like cette from cedite, pelluviae from pediluviae, sella from sedela. In contractions, however, the d is sometimes dropped and a compensation effected by lengthening the preceding vowel, as scāla for scand-la. D before endings which begin with s was suppressed, as pes from ped-s, lapis from lapid-s, frons from frond-s, rasi from radsi, risi from rid-si, lusi from lud-si, clausi from claud-si; but in the second and third roots of cedo, and in the third roots of some other verbs, d is assimilated, as cessi, cessum, fossum, etc. D is also omitted before s in composition when another consonant follows the s, as ascendo, aspicio, asto, astringo, and so also before the nasal gn in agnatus, agnitus, and agnosco, from gnatus, etc.: but in other combinations it is assimilated, as assentio, acclamo, accresco; affligo, affrico; agglomero, aggrego; applico, approbo, etc. In tentum, from tendo, d is dropped to avoid the combination ndt or ntt, since euphony forbids a consonant to be doubled after another.g. Final d stood only in ad, apud, sed, and in the neuter pronouns quid, quod, illud, istud, and aliud, anciently alid. Otherwise, the ending d was considered barbarous, Prisc. p. 686 P.

The letter d represents regularly an original Indo-Germanic d, in Greek d, but which in German becomes z, in Gothic t, and in Anglo-Saxon t: cf. Gr. hêdomai, Sanscr. svad, Germ. süss, Angl.-Sax. svēte (sweet), with Lat. suadeo; domare with Gr. damaô, Germ. zähmen, Eng. tame; domus with demô, timber, O. H. Germ. zimber; duo with duô, zwei, two. But it is also interchanged with other sounds, and thus sometimes represents—

An original t: mendax from mentior; quadraginta, quadra, etc., from quatuor.—

An original r: ar and ad; apur or apor and apud; meridies and medidies, audio and auris; cf. arbiter, from ad-beto; arcesso for ad-cesso.—

An original l: adeps, Gr. aleipha; dacrima and lacrima, dingua and lingua; cf. on the contrary, olere for odere, consilium and considere, Ulixes from Odusseus (v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 223).—

An original s: Claudius, from the Sabine Clausus, medius and misos; and, on the contrary, rosa and rhodon. —

A Greek th: fides, pistis; gaudere, gêtheô; vad-i-monium (from va-d-s, vadis), aethlon.

In the oldest period of the language d was the ending of the ablat. sing. and of the adverbs which were originally ablatives (cf. Ritschl, Neue Plaut. Excur. I.; Brix ad Plaut. Trin. Prol. 10): pu CNANDO, MARID, DICTATORED, IN ALTOD MARID, NAVALED PRAEDAD on the Col. Rostr.; DE SENATVOS SENTENTIAD (thrice) IN OQVOLTOD, IN POPLICOD, IN PREIVATOD, IN COVENTIONID, and the adverbs SVPRAD SCRIPTVM EST (thrice), EXSTRAD QVAM SEI, and even EXSTRAD VRBEM, in S. C. de Bacch. So intra-d, ultra-d, citra-d, contra-d, infra-d, supra-d; contro-d, intro-d, etc.; and probably interea-d, postea-d. Here too belongs, no doubt, the adverb FACILVMED, found in the last-mentioned inscription. But this use of the d became antiquated during the 3d century B.C., and is not found at all in any inscription after 186 B. C. Plautus seems to have used or omitted it at will (Ritschl, Neue Plaut. Excurs. p. 18: Corss. Ausspr. 1, 197; 2, 1008).

D final was also anciently found—

In the accus. sing. of the personal pronouns med, ted, sed: INTER SED CONIOVRASE and INTER SED DEDISE, for inter se conjuravisse and inter se dedisse, in the S. C. de Bacch. This usage was retained, at least as a license of verse, when the next word began with a vowel, even in the time of Plautus. But in the classic period this d no longer appears. —

In the imperative mood;

as estod,

Fest. p. 230. The Oscan language retained this ending (v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 206).—

In the preposition se-, originally identical with the conjunction sed (it is retained in the compound seditio); also in red-, prod-, antid-, postid-, etc. ( redire, prodire, etc.); and in these words, too, it is a remnant of the ancient characteristic of the ablative (v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 200 sq.; Roby, Lat. Gr. 1, 49).

As an abbreviation, D usually stands for the praenomen Decimus; also for Deus, Divus, Dominus, Decurio, etc.; over epitaphs, D. M. = Diis Manibus; over temple inscriptions, D. O. M. = Deo Optimo Maxumo; in the titles of the later emperors, D. N. = Dominus Noster, and DD. NN. = Domini Nostri. Before dates of letters, D signified dabam, and also dies; hence, a. d. = ante diem; in offerings to the gods, D. D. = dono or donum dedit; D. D. D. = dat, dicat, dedicat, etc. Cf. Orell. Inscr. II. p. 457 sq.

dē-pōno, pŏsŭi, pŏsĭtum, 3 ( perf. deposivi, Plaut. Curc. 4, 3, 4:

deposivit,

id. Most. 2, 1, 35; Catull. 34, 8; inf. perf. deposisse, Verg. Cat. 8, 16; part. sync. depostus, Lucil. ap. Non. 279, 19, v. pono), v. a., to lay away, to put or place aside; to lay, put, or set down; to lay, place, set, deposit (freq. in all periods and sorts of writing).—Constr. with acc. alone; or acc. and locative or abl. with or without a prep.; or acc. and adv. of place where, or apud and personal name; rare and doubtful with in and acc. (cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 340 sq.). —

Lit.

In gen.:

caput deponit, condormiscit,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 81; cf.:

caput terrae,

Ov. Am. 3, 5, 20:

corpora (pecudes),

Lucr. 1, 259; cf.:

corpora sub ramis arboris,

Verg. A. 7, 108:

fessum latus sub lauru,

Hor. Od. 2, 7, 19:

mentum in gremiis mimarum,

Cic. Phil. 13, 11, 24 et saep.:

onus,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 4, 10; id. Sull. 23, 65; Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3 al.; cf.:

onera jumentis,

Caes. B. C. 1, 80, 2:

arma,

id. B. G. 4, 32 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 10, 9; Liv. 5, 2 al.; cf.:

depositis in contubernio armis,

Caes. B. C. 3, 76, 2:

arma umeris,

Verg. A. 12, 707:

anulos aureos et phaleras,

Liv. 9, 46:

coronam, and, shortly after, coronam Romae in aram Apollinis,

id. 23, 11:

ungues et capillos,

i. e. to cut off, Petr. 104, 6; cf.

comas (for which, shortly before, secuit capillos),

Mart. 5, 48, 6:

crinem,

Tac. H. 4, 61 et saep.:

argenti pondus defossā terrā,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 42:

semina vel scrobe vel sulco,

to deposit in the earth, to plant, Col. 5, 4, 2; and:

stirpem vitis aut oleae,

id. 1, 1, 5:

malleolum in terram,

id. 3, 10, 19:

plantas sulcis,

Verg. G. 2, 24 et saep.: exercitum in terram (for exponere), to land, Just. 4, 5, 8:

hydriam de umero,

Vulg. Gen. 21, 46.— Poet. of bearing, bringing forth (as the putting off of a burden): (Latonia) quam mater prope Deliam Deposivit olivam, Catull. 34, 8; cf.:

onus naturae,

Phaedr. 1, 18, 5; 1, 19, 4; to lay as a stake, wager: Dam. Ego hanc vitulam... Depono. Men. De grege non ausim quicquam deponere tecum... verum pocula ponam Fagina, Verg. E. 3, 31 sq.—

In partic.

Pregn., to lay up, lay aside, put by, deposit anywhere; to give in charge to, commit to the care of intrust to any one:

non semper deposita reddenda: si gladium quis apud te sana mente deposuerit, repetat insaniens: reddere peccatum sit, etc.,

Cic. Off. 3, 25, 95; so,

aliquid apud aliquem,

Plaut. Bac. 2, 3, 72; Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 2; id. Verr. 2, 4, 12, § 29; Caes. B. C. 3, 108 fin.; Quint. 5, 13, 49; 9, 2, 92; Tac. H. 1, 13; Liv. 38, 19, 2 et saep.; cf.:

obsides apud eos,

Caes. B. G. 7, 63 al.:

praedam in silvis,

id. ib. 6, 41; cf.:

pecuniam in templo,

Liv. 44, 25:

pecunias in publica fide,

id. 24, 18 fin.;

also: liberos, uxores suaque omnia in silvas,

Caes. B. G. 4, 19 (dub.—al. in sylvis; id. B. C. 1, 23, 4 the true reading is in publico):

impedimenta citra flumen Rhenum,

id. B. G. 2, 29, 4:

saucios,

id. B. C. 3, 78, 1 and 5 et saep.:

pretium in deposito habendum,

in charge, Dig. 36, 3, 5 fin.:

si pro deposito apud eum fuerit,

ib. 33, 8, 8, § 5.—

To put or bring down, lay upon the ground:

scio quam rem agat: ut me deponat vino, etc.,

to make drunk, Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 39.—

Hence (because it was the custom to take a person who had just died out of bed and lay him on the ground), meton.: depositus, dead, just dead:

jam prope depositus, certe jam frigidus,

Ov. Pont. 2, 2, 47:

depositum nec me qui fleat ullus erit,

id. Tr. 3, 3, 40:

DEPOSITVS IN PACE,

Inscr. Orell. 5014; cf. ib. 4874.—As subst.:

depositus meus,

Petr. 133, 4.—

Also, because the hopelessly sick were often laid on the earth, dying, given up, despaired of: jam tum depostu' bubulcus Expirans animam pulmonibus aeger agebat, Lucil. ap. Non. 279, 19:

deponere est desperare, unde et depositi desperati dicuntur,

Non. 279, 30: depositus modo sum anima, vita sepultus, Caecil. ap. Non. 279 (Com. v. 121 Rib.):

ut depositi proferret fata parentis,

Verg. A. 12, 395 Serv.: texere paludes Depositum, Fortuna, tuum, Lucan. 2, 72;

and transf.: mihi videor magnam et maxime aegram et prope depositam reip. partem suscepisse,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 2, § 5.—

In post-Aug. lang. esp. freq. in the jurists, of buildings, etc., to pull down, take down, demolish, overthrow:

aedificium vel arboris ramos,

Dig. 8, 2, 17 (shortly after, qui tollit aedificium vel deprimit); so id. 8, 2, 31; 41, 3, 23 fin. et saep.:

deposita arx,

Stat. S. 1, 4, 91:

statuas,

pull down, Spart. Sev. 14: tabulas, destroy, Capit. Max. duob. 12:

adversarios tuos,

Vulg. Exod. 15, 7. —

Trop.

With a predominant notion of putting away, removing, etc., to lay down, lay aside, give up, resign, get rid of:

studia de manibus,

Cic. Ac. 1, 1, 3:

ex memoria insidias,

id. Sull. 6, 18:

in sermone et suavitate alicujus omnes curas doloresque deponere,

id. Fam. 4, 6, 2:

petitoris personam capere, accusatoris deponere,

id. Quint. 13 fin.; so,

contentionem,

Liv. 4, 6; cf.

certamina,

id. ib.;

and, bellum,

Ov. M. 8, 47; Tac. H. 2, 37;

opp. incipere,

Sall. J. 83, 1;

opp. coepisse,

Liv. 31, 1;

and with omittere,

id. 31, 31 fin.:

deponere amicitias, suscipere inimicitias,

Cic. Lael. 21, 77:

invidiam,

id. Agr. 2, 26, 69:

simultates,

id. Planc. 31, 76:

maerorem et luctum,

id. Phil. 14, 13:

omnem spem contentionis,

Caes. B. G. 5, 19:

consilium adeundae Syriae,

id. B. C. 3, 103:

imperium,

id. B. G. 7, 33 fin.; id. B. C. 2, 32, 9; Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11; Liv. 2, 28 al.; cf.

provinciam,

Cic. Pis. 2, 5; id. Fam. 5, 2, 3;

dictaturam,

Quint. 3, 8, 53; 5, 10, 71:

nomen,

Suet. Ner. 41; Ov. M. 15, 543:

famem,

id. F. 6, 530; cf.:

sitim in unda vicini fontis,

i. e. to quench, id. M. 4, 98:

morbos,

Plin. 7, 50, 51:

animam,

i. e. to die, Nep. Hann. 1.—

To depose from an office (late Lat.):

te de ministerio tuo,

Vulg. Is. 22, 19.—

(Acc. to no. I. B.) To deposit, intrust, commit to, for safe-keeping: populi Romani jus in vestra fide ac religione depono, Cic. Caecin. 35 fin.:

aliquid rimosa in aure,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 46:

aliquid tutis auribus,

id. Od. 1, 27, 18:

eo scortum,

Tac. H. 1, 13.—Hence, dēpō-nens, entis, P. a., subst. (sc. verbum, lit., a verb that lays aside its proper pass. signif.), in the later grammar. a verb which, in a pass. form, has an act. meaning; deponent, Charis. p. 143 P.; Diom. p. 327 ib.; Prisc. p. 787 ib. sq. et saep.— dēpŏsĭtus, a, um, P. a., and esp. as subst. dēpŏsĭtum, i, n., any thing deposited or intrusted for safe-keeping, etc., a deposit, trust:

reddere depositum,

Cic. Off. 1, 10, 31:

si depositum non infitietur amicus,

Juv. 13, 60; cf. Dig. 36, 3, 5 al.:

contempto Domino negaverit proximo suo depositum,

Vulg. Lev. 6, 2; 1 Tim. 6, 20 al.

grăvis, e, adj. [Sanscr. gurus (root gar-); Gr. barus, heavy; gravis, for gar-uis; cf. also Brutus]. With respect to weight, heavy, weighty, ponderous, burdensome; or pass., loaded, laden, burdened (opp. levis, light; in most of its significations corresp. to the Gr. barus; cf. onerosus, onerarius).

Lit. Absol. or with abl.

In gen.: imber et ignis, spiritus et gravis terra, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 37 Müll.; so,

tellus,

Ov. M. 7, 355:

corpora,

Lucr. 2, 225 sq.; cf. id. 5, 450 sq.:

limus,

id. 5, 496:

in eo etiam cavillatus est, aestate grave esse aureum amiculum, hieme frigidum,

Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83:

navigia,

Caes. B. G. 5, 8, 4; cf.:

tot ora navium gravi Rostrata duci pondere,

Hor. Epod. 4, 17:

cum gravius dorso (aselli) subiit onus,

id. S. 1, 9, 21:

sarcina,

id. Ep. 1, 13, 6: inflexi grave robur aratri, Verg. G. 1, 162:

cujus (tibicinae) Ad strepitum salias terrae gravis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 26: terra, burdened (by the heavy body), Ov. M. 12, 118:

naves hostilibus spoliis graves,

heavily laden, Liv. 29, 35, 5; cf.:

agmen grave praedā,

id. 21, 5, 8;

for which also simply: grave agmen,

id. 31, 39, 2:

miles,

heavy-armed, Tac. A. 12, 35:

gravis aere dextra,

Verg. E. 1, 36:

cum fatalis equus saltu super ardua venit Pergama et armatum peditem gravis attulit alvo,

i. e. filled, full, id. A. 6, 516 (an imitation of Maximo saltu superavit Gravidus armatis equus, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2; v. gravidus, II. b):

graves imbre nubes,

Liv. 28, 15, 11:

graves fructu vites,

Quint. 8, 3, 8:

gravis vinculis,

Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 10.—

In partic.

With respect to value or number, heavy, great. So, aes grave, heavy money, money of the oldest standard, in which an as weighed a full pound: grave aes dictum a pondere, quia deni asses, singuli pondo libras, efficiebant denarium, etc., Paul. ex Fest. p. 98 Müll.:

et quia nondum argentum signatum erat, aes grave plaustris quidam (ex patribus) ad aerarium convehentes, etc.,

Liv. 4, 60, 6; 10, 46, 5; 22, 33, 2 et saep.:

populus Romanus ne argento quidem signato ante Pyrrhum regem devictum usus est: librales appendebantur asses. Quare aeris gravis poena dicta,

Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 42: argentum, i. e. uncoined = rude:

placet argentum grave rustici patris sine ullo opere et nomine artificis,

Sen. Tranq. 1, 4:

notavit aliquos, quod pecunias levioribus usuris mutuati graviore fenore collocassent,

at a higher rate, Suet. Aug. 39; cf.:

in graviore annona,

id. ib. 25: grave pretium, a high price, Sall. Fragm. ap. Non. 314, 25.—With respect to number: graves pavonum greges, great or numerous flocks, Varr. ap. Non. 314, 31. —

For the usual gravidus, with young, pregnant ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

regina sacerdos Marte gravis,

Verg. A. 1, 274; cf.

uterus (shortly after: gravidus tumet venter),

Ov. M. 10, 495:

balaenae utero graves (shortly before, gravidae),

Plin. 9, 6, 5, § 13.—

Transf.

Of hearing or sound, deep, grave, low, bass (opp. acutus, treble):

vocem ab acutissimo sono usque ad gravissimum sonum recipiunt,

Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251; cf. id. ib. 3, 57, 216:

qui (sonus) acuta cum gravibus temperans, varios aequabiliter concentus efficit,

id. Rep. 6, 18:

vox,

Quint. 11, 3, 17; 42: sonus, 2, 8, 15; 5, 10, 125; 11, 3, 41; Ov. M. 12, 203:

tenor,

Quint. 1, 5, 26:

syllaba,

i. e. unaccented, id. 1, 5, 22 sq.; 12, 10, 33.—

Of smell or flavor, strong, unpleasant, offensive:

an gravis hirsutis cubet hircus in alis,

rank, Hor. Epod. 12, 5:

chelydri,

Verg. G. 3, 415:

ellebori,

id. ib. 3, 451:

odor calthae,

strong, Plin. 21, 6, 15, § 28; cf.:

herba odore suaviter gravi,

id. 25, 9, 70, § 118; cf.

117: habrotonum odore jucunde gravi floret,

id. 21, 10, 34, § 60: absynthium ut bibam gravem, i. e. bitter, Varr. ap. Non. 19, 27, and 314, 14.—

Of the state of the body or health, gross, indigestible, unwholesome, noxious, severe; sick:

(Cleanthes) negat ullum esse cibum tam gravem, quin is die et nocte concoquatur,

Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 24; so,

genera cibi graviora,

Cels. 2, 18:

gravissima bubula (caro),

id. ib.:

pisces gravissimi,

id. ib.:

neque ex salubri loco in gravem, neque ex gravi in salubrem transitus satis tutus est,

id. 1, 3; cf.:

solum caelumque juxta grave,

Tac. H. 5, 7:

solet esse gravis cantantibus umbra,

Verg. E. 10, 75:

anni tempore gravissimo et caloribus maximis,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 16, 1; cf.:

gravis auctumnus in Apulia circumque Brundisium ex saluberrimis Galliae et Hispaniae regionibus, omnem exercitum valetudine tentaverat,

Caes. B. C. 3, 2 fin.:

grave tempus et forte annus pestilens erat urbi agrisque,

Liv. 3, 6, 1; cf. also id. 3, 8, 1:

aestas,

Verg. G. 2, 377:

morbo gravis,

sick, id. ib. 3, 95; cf.:

gravis vulnere,

Liv. 21, 48, 4:

aetate et viribus gravior,

id. 2, 19, 6:

gravior de vulnere,

Val. Fl. 6, 65:

non insueta graves tentabunt pabula fetas,

sick, feeble, Verg. E. 1, 50; so absol.:

aut abit in somnum gravis,

heavy, languid, Lucr. 3, 1066.

Trop.

In a bad sense, heavy, burdensome, oppressive, troublesome, grievous, painful, hard, harsh, severe, disagreeable, unpleasant (syn.: molestus, difficilis, arduus): qui labores morte finisset graves, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 115:

quod numquam tibi senectutem gravem esse senserim... quibus nihil est in ipsis opis ad bene beateque vivendum, iis omnis aetas gravis est,

Cic. de Sen. 2, 4; cf.:

onus officii,

id. Rosc. Am. 38, 112; id. Rep. 1, 23:

et facilior et minus aliis gravis aut molesta vita est otiosorum,

id. Off. 1, 21, 70; id. Rep. 1, 4:

miserior graviorque fortuna,

Caes. B. G. 1, 32, 4:

haec si gravia aut acerba videantur, multo illa gravius aestimare debere, etc.,

id. ib. 7, 14 fin.:

velim si tibi grave non erit, me certiorem facias,

Cic. Fam. 13, 73, 2:

grave est homini pudenti petere aliquid magnum,

id. Fam. 2, 6, 1; id. Att. 1, 5, 4:

est in populum Romanum grave, non posse, etc.,

id. Balb. 7, 24:

verbum gravius,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 134:

ne quid gravius in fratrem statueret... quod si quid ei a Caesare gravius accidisset, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 20, 1 and 4:

gravissimum supplicium,

id. ib. 1, 31, 15:

habemus senatusconsultum in te, Catilina, vehemens et grave,

Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 3:

edictum,

Liv. 29, 21, 5:

gravioribus bellis,

Cic. Rep. 1, 40:

gravis esse alicui,

id. Fam. 13, 76, 2; cf.:

adversarius imperii,

id. Off. 3, 22, 86:

gravior hostis,

Liv. 10, 18, 6:

senes ad ludum adolescentium descendant, ne sint iis odiosi et graves,

Cic. Rep. 1, 43:

gravis popularibus esse coepit,

Liv. 44, 30, 5.—Prov.:

gravis malae conscientiae lux est,

Sen. Ep. 122.—

In a good sense, weighty, important, grave; with respect to character, of weight or authority, eminent, venerable, great:

numquam erit alienis gravis, qui suis se concinnat levem,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 58:

quod apud omnes leve et infirmum est, id apud judicem grave et sanctum esse ducetur?

Cic. Rosc. Com. 2, 6:

ea (honestas) certe omni pondere gravior habenda est quam reliqua omnia,

id. Off. 3, 8, 35; id. Deiot. 2, 5:

cum gravibus seriisque rebus satisfecerimus,

id. ib. 1, 29, 103:

auctoritas clarissimi viri et in rei publicae maximis gravissimisque causis cogniti,

id. Fam. 5, 12, 7; cf. causa, Lucil. ap. Non. 315, 31; Quint. 1, 2, 3; Caes. B. C. 1, 44, 4:

gravius erit tuum unum verbum ad eam rem, quam centum mea,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 107:

ut potentia senatus atque auctoritas minueretur: quae tamen gravis et magna remanebat,

Cic. Rep. 2, 34:

sententiis non tam gravibus et severis quam concinnis et venustis,

id. Brut. 95, 325:

gravior oratio,

id. de Or. 2, 56, 227:

nihil sibi gravius esse faciendum, quam ut, etc.,

id. Clu. 6, 16:

inceptis gravibus et magna professis,

Hor. A. P. 14:

exemplum grave praebet ales, etc.,

id. C. 4, 11, 26:

non tulit ullos haec civitas aut gloria clariores, aut auctoritate graviores, aut humanitate politiores,

Cic. de Or. 2, 37, 154:

et esse et videri omnium gravissimus et severissimus,

id. ib. 2, 56, 228:

homo prudens et gravis,

id. ib. 1, 9, 38:

neque oratio abhorrens a persona hominis gravissimi,

id. Rep. 1, 15 fin.:

auctor,

id. Pis. 6, 14:

testis,

id. Fam. 2, 2:

non idem apud graves viros, quod leviores (decet),

Quint. 11, 1, 45:

vir bonus et gravis,

id. 11, 3, 184:

gravissimi sapientiae magistri,

id. 12, 1, 36:

tum pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem Conspexere,

Verg. A. 1, 151:

gravissima civitas,

Cic. Rep. 1, 3:

gravem atque opulentam civitatem vineis et pluteis cepit,

an important city, Liv. 34, 17, 12.— Hence, adv.: grăvĭter.

Weightily, heavily, ponderously (very rare):

aëra per purum graviter simulacra feruntur,

Lucr. 4, 302; cf.:

graviter cadere,

id. 1, 741; Ov. P. 1, 7, 49.—

Transf.

Of tones, deeply:

natura fert, ut extrema ex altera parte graviter, ex altera autem acute sonent,

Cic. Rep. 6, 18; Lucr. 4, 543.—Far more freq.,

Vehemently, strongly, violently:

graviter crepuerunt fores,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 52; so,

spirantibus flabris,

Lucr. 6, 428; Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 2:

pertentat tremor terras,

Lucr. 6, 287:

ferire aliquem,

Verg. A. 12, 295:

conquassari omnia,

Lucr. 5, 105; cf.:

quae gravissime afflictae erant naves,

Caes. B. G. 4, 31, 2.—

Trop.

Vehemently, violently, deeply, severely; harshly, unpleasantly, disagreeably:

graviter aegrotare,

Cic. Off. 1, 10, 32:

se habere,

id. Att. 7, 2, 3:

neque is sum, qui gravissime ex vobis mortis periculo terrear,

Caes. B. G. 5, 30, 2:

gravissime dolere,

id. ib. 5, 54 fin.:

quem ego amarem graviter,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 87; cf.: placere occoepit graviter, postquam est mortua, [p. 829] Caecil. ap. Non. 314, 19:

tibi edepol iratus sum graviter,

Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 2:

cives gravissime dissentientes,

Cic. Phil. 12, 11, 27:

si me meis civibus injuria suspectum tam graviter atque offensum viderem,

id. Cat. 1, 7, 17:

graviter angi,

id. Lael. 3, 10:

tulit hoc commune dedecus jam familiae graviter filius,

with chagrin, vexation, id. Clu. 6, 16; cf.:

graviter et acerbe aliquid ferre,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 152:

graviter accipere aliquid,

id. de Or. 2, 52, 211; Tac. A. 13, 36; cf.:

adolescentulus saepe eadem et graviter audiendo victus est,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 62:

nolo in illum gravius dicere,

more harshly, id. Ad. 1, 2, 60; cf.:

de amplissimis viris gravissime acerbissimeque decernitur,

Caes. B. C. 1, 5, 4; id. B. G. 3, 16, 4; cf.

also: severe et graviter et prisce agere,

Cic. Cael. 14, 33:

ut non gravius accepturi viderentur, si nuntiarentur omnibus eo loco mortem oppetendam esse,

more sorrowfully, Liv. 9, 4, 6.—

In an impressive or dignified manner, impressively, gravely, seriously, with propriety or dignity:

his de rebus tantis tamque atrocibus neque satis me commode dicere neque satis graviter conqueri neque satis libere vociferari posse intelligo. Nam commoditati ingenium, gravitati aetas, libertati tempora sunt impedimento,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 4, 9:

(Scipio) utrumque egit graviter,

with dignity, id. Lael. 21, 77:

res gestas narrare graviter,

id. Or. 9, 30; cf.:

locum graviter et copiose tractare,

id. Fin. 4, 2, 5.

impōno, pŏsŭi, pŏsĭtum, 3 (arch. forms of the perf. imposivit, Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 27:

imposisse,

id. Most. 2, 2, 4; sync. form of the part. perf. impostus, a, um, Lucr. 5, 543; Verg. A. 9, 716; Val. Fl. 4, 186; Prop. 5, 2, 29; Stat. Th. 1, 227 al.), v. a. [in-pono], to place, put, set, or lay into, upon or in a place (very freq. and class.); constr. usu. with aliquid in aliquam rem or alicui rei; rarely in aliqua re or absol.

Lit.

In gen.: pedem in undam. Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 4:

hunc in collum,

id. Pers. 4, 6, 10:

aliquem in rogum,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 35, 85; cf.:

in ignem imposita'st: fletur,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 102:

omnem aciem suam redis et carris circumdederunt: eo mulieres imposuerunt,

Caes. B. G. 1, 51 fin.:

milites eo (i. e. in equos),

id. ib. 1, 42, 5:

aliquid in foco Lari,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 16:

coronam auream litteris,

Cic. Fl. 31, 76; cf.:

collegae diadema,

id. Phil. 5, 12:

operi incohato fastigium,

id. Off. 3, 7, 33:

pondera nobis,

Lucr. 5, 543:

serta delubris et farra cultris,

Juv. 12, 84:

clitellas bovi,

Cic. Att. 5, 15, 3:

juvenes rogis,

Verg. G. 4, 477:

artus mensis,

Ov. M. 1, 230:

aliquid mensis,

id. F. 2, 473: natum axi (i. e. in currum). Stat. Th. 6, 321:

frontibus ancillarum vittas,

Juv. 12, 118:

ali quem mannis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 77:

aliquem jumento,

Gell. 20, 1, 11:

Pelion Olympo,

Hor. C. 3, 4, 52:

arces montibus impositae,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 253; cf. id. C. 4, 14, 12:

impositum saxis Anxur,

id. S. 1, 5, 26:

celeri raptos per inania vento Imposuit caelo,

placed them in the heavens, Ov. M. 2, 507:

(Romulum) ablatum terris caelo,

id. ib. 14, 811:

hoc metuens molemque et montes insuper altos Imposuit,

Verg. A. 1, 62; cf.:

pedem super cervicem jacentis,

Curt. 9, 7 fin.:

haec super imposuit liquidum aethera,

Ov. M. 1, 67:

ei jus est in infinito supra suum aedificium imponere,

to build, Dig. 8, 2, 24:

pontibus praesidiisque impositis,

Tac. A. 2, 11:

pons lapideus flumini impositus,

Curt. 5, 1, 29:

quidvis oneris impone, impera,

Ter. And. 5, 3, 26; id. Phorm. 3, 3, 29:

nec peredit Impositam celer ignis Aetnam,

Hor. C. 3, 4, 76:

diadema imposuit,

Quint. 9, 3, 61:

pars togae, quae postea imponitur,

id. 11, 3, 140. —

In partic.

Naut. t. t., to put on board ship, to embark; with in and acc.:

quicquid domi fuit in navem imposivit,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 27: in quas (naves) exercitus ejus imponi posset, Lentul. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 14, 1:

legiones equitesque Brundisii in naves,

Caes. B. C. 3, 14, 1:

aeris magno pondere in naves imposito,

id. ib. 3, 103, 1.—With dat.:

et nos in aeternum Exsilium impositura cymbae,

Hor. C. 2, 3, 28:

ut semel imposita est pictae Philomela carinae,

Ov. M. 6, 511.—With adv.:

deprehensis navibus circiter quinquaginta atque eo militibus inpositis,

Caes. B. G. 7, 58, 4:

scaphas contexit, eoque milites imposuit,

id. B. C. 3, 24, 1. — With abl.: vetustissima nave impositi, Caes. ap. Suet. Caes. 66. — Absol.:

ipsi expediti naves conscenderent, quo major numerus militum posset imponi,

Caes. B. C. 3, 6, 1:

cum Crassus exercitum Brundisii imponeret,

Cic. Div. 2, 40, 84:

signa nostra velim imponas,

id. Att. 1, 10, 3:

per istos quae volebat clam imponenda curabat,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23.—

Med. t. t., to apply a remedy externally:

alium imponitur in vulnera,

Plin. 20, 6, 23, § 50:

porrum vulneribus,

id. 20, 6, 21, § 47:

raphanos super umbilicum contra tormenta vulvae,

id. 20, 4, 13, § 27:

imponuntur et per se folia,

id. 23, 7, 71, § 138.—

Of animals, to put the male to the female:

asinum equae,

Col. 6, 36, 4; 7, 2, 5.—In mal. part., Juv. 6, 334.

Trop.

In gen., to put or lay upon, to impose; to throw or inflict upon; to put, set, or give to:

culpam omnem in med inponito,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 54: cujus amicitia me paulatim in hanc perditam causam imposuit, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 17, 1:

ne magnum onus observantiae Bruto nostro imponerem,

Cic. Att, 13, 11, 1:

onus alicui,

id. Fam. 6, 7, 6; 13, 56, 1; id. Rep. 1, 23; cf.:

plus militi laboris,

id. Mur. 18, 38:

graviores labores sibi,

Caes. B. C. 3, 74, 2:

illi illud negotium,

Cic. Sest. 28, 60:

vos mihi personam hanc imposuistis, ut, etc.,

id. Agr. 2, 18, 49; cf. Anton. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 10, 2:

si mihi imposuisset aliquid,

Cic. Att. 15, 26, 4:

ego mihi necessitatem volui imponere hujus novae conjunctionis,

id. ib. 4, 5, 2; cf. id. Sull. 12, 35:

mihi impone istam vim, ut, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 60, § 138:

rei publicae vulnera,

id. Fin. 2, 24, 66; so,

vulnus rei publicae,

id. Att. 1, 16, 7:

plagam mortiferam rei publicae,

id. Sest. 19, 44:

quibus injurias plurimas contumeliasque imposuisti,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 9, § 20:

injuriam sine ignominia alicui,

id. Quint. 31, 96; cf. id. Rep. 1, 3:

servitus fundo illi imposita,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2, § 3:

servitutem civibus,

Sall. Or. ad Caes. 2:

belli invidiam consuli,

id. C. 43, 1:

leges civitati per vim imposuit,

Cic. Phil. 7, 5, 15:

leges alicui,

id. ib. 12, 1, 2; id. Rep. 1, 34; cf.:

saevas imponite leges, ut, etc.,

Juv. 7, 229:

nimis duras leges huic aetati,

Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 256:

huic praedae ac direptioni cellae nomen imponis,

assign, give, id. Verr. 2, 3, 85, § 197:

nomen alicui,

Liv. 35, 47, 5; Quint. 8, 3, 7; Tac. A. 4, 34; 14, 39 et saep.; cf.:

imponens cognata vocabula rebus,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 280:

finem imponere volumini,

Quint. 9, 4, 146:

finem spei,

Liv. 5, 4, 10:

clausulam disputationi,

Col. 3, 19, 3; cf.: quasi perfectis summam eloquentiae manum imponerent, gave the last touch to, Quint. prooem. §

4: summam manum operi,

Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 16; Sen. Ep. 12, 4; Vell. 2, 33, 1; 2, 87, 1; Gell. 17, 10, 5; Quint. 1 prooem. 4:

extremam manum bello,

Verg. A. 7, 573:

manum supremam bellis,

Ov. R. Am. 114:

modum alicui,

Liv. 4, 24, 7:

modum dolori,

Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 16:

modum divortiis,

Suet. Aug. 34.—Prov.:

imponit finem sapiens et rebus honestis,

Juv. 6, 444 (453).—

In partic.

To set over, as overseer, commander, etc.:

si emimus, quem vilicum imponeremus, quem pecori praeficeremus,

Cic. Planc. 25, 62:

consul est impositus is nobis, quem, etc.,

id. Att. 1, 18, 3:

Lacedaemonii devictis Atheniensibus triginta viros imposuere,

Sall. C. 51, 28:

Macedoniae regem,

Liv. 40, 12, 15; cf.:

Masinissam in Syphacis regnum,

id. 37, 25, 9:

Cappadociae consularem rectorem,

Suet. Vesp. 8:

quid si domini milites imperatoribus imponantur?

Liv. 45, 36, 8:

itaque imposuistis cervicibus nostris sempiternum dominum (deum),

Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 54 (al. in cervicibus).—

To lay or impose upon, as a burden, tax, etc.: omnibus agris publicis pergrande vectigal. Cic. Agr. 1, 4, 10:

vectigal fructibus,

id. Font. 5, 10:

stipendium victis,

Caes. B. G. 1, 44, 5:

tributa genti,

Suet. Dom. 12; so, tributi aliquid alicui, id. Calig. 40; cf.:

tributum in capita singula,

Caes. B. C. 3, 32, 1:

frumentum,

Cic. Att. 15, 10:

nulla onera nova,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 49 fin. —

Alicui, to impose upon, deceive, cheat, trick (= frustror, fallo, fraudo, circumvenio):

Catoni egregie imposuit Milo noster,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 5:

si mihi imposuisset aliquid,

id. Att. 15, 26, 4: populo imposuimus et oratores visi sumus, id. ap. Quint. 8, 6, 20 and 55:

praefectis Antigoni imposuit,

Nep. Eum. 5, 7; Plin. Ep. 3, 15, 3:

facile est barbato inponere regi,

Juv. 4, 103:

falluntur quibus luxuria specie liberalitatis imponit,

Tac. H. 1, 30.— Pass. impers.:

utcumque imponi vel dormienti posset,

Petr. 102.

pendĕo, pĕpendi, 2, v. n. [ intr. of pendo, q. v.], to hang, hang down, be suspended.

Lit., constr. with ab, ex, or in and abl.; also ( poet.), with abl. alone, or with de: pendent peniculamenta, Enn. ap. Non. 149, 32 (Ann. v. 363 Vahl.): in candelabro pendet strigilis, Varr. ap. Non. 223, 7:

in arbore,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 23, § 57:

sagittae pende, bant ab umero,

id. ib. 2, 4, 34, §

74: ex arbore,

id. ib. 2, 3, 26, §

66: ubera circum (pueri),

Verg. A. 8, 632:

horrida pendebant molles super ora capilli,

Ov. P. 3, 3, 17:

capiti patiar sacros pendere corymbos,

Prop. 2, 23, 35 (3, 28, 39):

telum... summo clipei nequiquam umbone pependit,

Verg. A. 2, 544:

deque viri collo dulce pependit onus,

Ov. F. 2, 760.—Of garments:

chlamydemque ut pendeat apte, Collocat,

Ov. M. 2, 733:

tigridis exuviae per dorsum a vertice pendent,

Verg. A. 11, 577.—Of slaves, who were strung up to be flogged, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 27:

quando pendes per pedes,

id. ib. 2, 2, 35:

ibi pendentem ferit,

id. Trin. 2, 1, 19; id. Truc. 4, 3, 3; cf. id. Men. 5, 5, 48: quid me fiet nunciam? Theo. Verberibus caedere pendens, id. Most. 5, 2, 45:

ego plectar pendens, nisi, etc.,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 43; id. Eun. 5, 6, 20.— Poet., of suspended votive offerings:

omnibus heu portis pendent mea noxia vota,

Prop. 4 (5), 3, 17; Tib. 1, 1, 16 (24):

pendebatque vagi pastoris in arbore votum,

id. 2, 5, 29:

pendebit fistula pinu,

Verg. E. 7, 24:

multaque praeterea sacris in postibus arma, Captivi pendent currus, etc.,

id. A. 7, 184.—Of one who hangs himself, Mart. 8, 61, 2:

e trabe sublimi triste pependit onus,

Ov. R. Am. 18:

pendentem volo Zoilum videre,

Mart. 4, 77, 5.—Of any thing hung up for public notice;

of the names of persons accused,

Suet. Dom. 9, Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 1;

of goods hung up, exposed for sale,

Phaedr. 3, 4, 1;

transf., of a debtor whose goods are exposed for sale,

Suet. Claud. 9 fin. —Prov.: pendere filo or tenui filo, to hang by a thread, i. e. to be in great danger: hac noctu filo pendebit Etruria tota, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4 (Ann. v. 153 Vahl.):

omnia sunt hominum tenui pendentia filo,

Ov. P. 4, 3, 35; Val. Max. 6, 4, 1.—

Transf. (mostly poet.; cf. immineo).

To hang in the air, be suspended, to float, hover, overhang: per speluncas saxis structas asperis, pendentibus, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37 (Trag. Rel. p. 245 Rib.);

imitated,

Lucr. 6, 195:

hinc scopulus raucis pendet adesus aquis,

Ov. H. 10, 26:

dum siccā tellure licet, dum nubila pendent,

Verg. G. 1, 214:

hi summo in fluctu pendent,

id. A. 1, 106:

illisaque prora pependit,

id. ib. 5, 206; Curt. 4, 2, 9:

dumosā pendere procul de rupe videbo (capros),

Verg. E. 1, 77:

pendentes rupe capellae,

Ov. P. 1, 8, 51.—So of birds, which float or hover in the air:

olor niveis pendebat in aëra pennis,

Ov. M. 7, 379; 8, 145:

et supra vatem multa pependit avis,

Mart. Spect. 21.—

Of a rapid course: raraque non fracto vestigia pulvere pendent,

Stat. Th. 6, 638.—

To hang loosely together, be unstable, movable:

opertum (litus) pendeat algā,

Ov. M. 11, 233.—

To hang about, loiter, tarry, linger anywhere:

nostroque in limine pendes,

Verg. A. 6, 151.—

To hang down, be flabby or flaccid, weak, without strength:

fluidos pendere lacertos,

Ov. M. 15, 231:

pendentesque genas et aniles aspice rugas,

Juv. 10, 193.—

To weigh:

offula cum duabus costis quae penderet III. et XX. pondo,

Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 11:

cyathus pendet drachmas X., mna pendet drachmas Atticas centum,

Plin. 21, 34, 109, § 185:

Lucio Titio modios centum, qui singuli pondo centum pendeant, heres dato,

Dig. 33, 6, 7.—

Trop.

To hang, rest, or depend upon a person or thing (class.); constr. with ex, in, ab, the simple abl., or de:

tuorum, qui ex te pendent,

Cic. Fam. 6, 22, 2:

spes pendet ex fortunā,

id. Par. 2, 17:

ex quo verbo tota causa pendebat,

id. de Or. 2, 25, 107; id. Fam. 5, 13, 1:

hinc omnis pendet Lucilius,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 6:

an ignoratis. vectigalia perlevi saepe momento fortunae pendere?

Cic. Agr. 2, 29, 80:

salus nostra, quae spe exiguā extremāque pendet,

Cic. Fl. 2, 4:

tam levi momento mea apud vos fama pendet,

Liv. 2, 7, 10:

pendere ex alterius vultu ac nutu,

id. 39, 5, 3:

oblite, tuā nostram pendere salutem,

Sil. 3, 109: in sententiis [p. 1328] omnium civium famam nostram fortunamque pendere, Cic. Pis. 41, 98:

ex ancipiti temporum mutatione pendere,

Curt. 4, 1, 27; Luc. 5, 686:

deque tuis pendentia Dardana fatis,

Sil. 13, 504; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 105:

tyrannus, cum quo fatum pendebat amici,

Juv. 4, 88.—

To hang upon a person's words, to gaze fixedly, listen attentively to ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf.

haereo): (Dido) pendet iterum narrantis ab ore,

Verg. A. 4, 79:

narrantis conjux pendet ab ore viri,

Ov. H. 1, 30:

ab imagine pendet,

Sil. 8, 93; cf. Quint. 11, 3, 72:

pervigil Arcadio Tiphys pendebat ab astro,

Val. Fl. 1, 481:

attentus et pendens,

Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 7:

ex vultu dicentis pendent omnium vultus,

Sen. Contr. 9, 23, 5.— Poet., with a terminal clause:

e summo pendent cupida agmina vallo, Noscere quisque suos,

Stat. Th. 10, 457.—

To be suspended, interrupted, discontinued ( poet. and in post-class. prose):

pendent opera interrupta,

Verg. A. 4, 88:

mutui datio interdum pendet,

Dig. 12, 1, 8:

condictio pendet,

ib. 7, 1, 12 fin.:

actio negotiorum gestorum pendeat,

ib. 3, 5, 8; 24, 1, 11:

pendet jus liberorum, propter jus postliminii,

Just. Inst. 1, 12, 5.—

To hang suspended, be ready to fall:

nec amicum pendentem corruere patitur,

Cic. Rab. Post. 16, 43.—

To be in suspense, to be uncertain, doubiful, irresolute, perplexed (cf. haesito):

animus tibi pendet?

Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 18:

nolo suspensam et incertam plebem Romanam obscurā spe et caecā exspectatione pendere,

Cic. Agr. 2, 25, 66:

ne diutius pendeas,

id. Att. 4, 15, 6:

quia quam diu futurum hoc sit, non nimis pendeo,

Sen. Ep. 61, 2:

mortales pavidis cum pendent mentibus,

Lucr. 6, 51.—Esp. freq.:

pendere animi (locative case, v. Kühnast,

Liv. Synt. p. 39):

Clitipho cum spe pendebit animi,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 5:

exanimatus pendet animi,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 16, 35:

pendeo animi exspectatione Corfiniensi,

id. Att. 8, 5, 2:

animi pendeo et de te et de me,

id. ib. 16, 12.—With rel.-clause:

ego animi pendeo, quid illud sit negotii,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 18:

ostendis te pendere animi, quamnam rationem, etc.,

Cic. Att. 11, 12, 1; id. Leg. 1, 3, 9.—Less freq.: pendere animo: atque animo noctu pendens eventa timebat, Cic. poët. ap. Non. 204, 8.—In plur.:

animis: quodsi exspectando et desiderando pendemus animis, cruciamur, angimur,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 40, 96:

sollicitis ac pendentibus animis,

Liv. 7, 30 fin. dub. (al. animi, v. Drak. ad loc.).—With cum:

plebs innumera mentibus cum dimicationum curulium eventu pendentem,

Amm. 14, 6, 26.—Law t. t., to be undetermined, to await decision:

pendente condicione,

Gai. Inst. 2, 200; 1, 186; 3, 179.—

To have weight or value:

bona vera idem pendent,

Sen. Ep. 66, 30 (Haas; al. pendunt).—Hence, pendens, entis, P. a.

Hanging; in econom. lang., of fruits not yet plucked or gathered:

vinum,

Cato, R. R. 147:

vindemia,

Dig. 19, 1, 25:

olea,

Cato, R. R. 146:

fructus,

Dig. 6, 1, 44. —

Pending; hence, in jurid, Lat., in pendenti esse, to be pending, undecided, uncertain:

quando in pendenti est, an, etc.,

Dig. 38, 17, 10:

in pendenti est posterior solutio ac prior,

ib. 46, 3, 58; 7, 1, 25:

in pendenti habere aliquid,

to regard a thing as uncertain, doubtful, Dig. 49, 17, 19 fin.

urgeo (less correctly urgueo), ursi ( perf. rare; past part. not found), 2, v. a. [Gr. Werg-, heirgnumi, to shut in; Sanscr. varg-, vargami, prevent; Germ. Merk; Engl. work], to press, push, force, drive, impel, urge.

Lit. (mostly poet.;

syn.: pello, trudo): unda impellitur undā Urgeturque eadem veniens urgetque priorem,

Ov. M. 15, 182:

urgeris turbā circum te stante,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 135:

angustoque vagos pisces urgere catino,

id. ib. 2, 4, 77:

trepidique pedem pede fervidus urget,

Verg. A. 12, 748; cf. Cic. Rep. 6, 20, 21:

aut petis aut urges ruiturum, Sisyphe, saxum,

i. e. roll up, Ov. M. 4, 460:

versaque in obnixos urguentur cornua vasto Cum gemitu,

Verg. G. 3, 222:

tres (naves) Eurus ab alto In brevia et Syrtes urget,

id. A. 1, 111:

miserum tenues in jecur urget acus,

Ov. H. 6, 92:

equites in oppidum, Auct. B. Afr. 6, 3: (Mars) aetherias currus urgebat ad arces,

Stat. Th. 3, 222.—

Transf.

To press upon (as something burdensome or compulsory).

To bear hard or close upon; press hard, beset (class.):

Caesar cum septimam legionem, quae juxta constiterat, urgeri ab hoste vidisset,

Caes. B. G. 2, 26; 2, 25; Sall. J. 56, 6; cf.:

hinc Pallas instat et urget Hinc contra Lausus,

Verg. A. 10, 433:

urgent impavidi te Salaminius Teucer, te Sthenelus,

Hor. C. 1, 15, 23:

hac urget lupus, hac canis angit,

id. S. 2, 2, 64. —

To weigh or bear down, to burden, oppress:

at onus urget,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 35; cf.:

onus aut jam urgentis aut certe adventantis senectutis,

Cic. Sen. 1, 2:

quod latus mundi nebulae malusque Juppiter urget,

Hor. C. 1, 22, 20:

quem scabies aut morbus urget,

id. A. P. 453; cf.:

ergo Quintilium perpetuus sopor Urget,

id. C. 1, 24, 5:

omnes illacrimabiles Urgentur ignotique longa Nocte,

id. ib. 4, 9, 27:

populus militiā atque inopiā urguebatur,

Sall. J. 41, 7:

praesens atque urgens malum,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 25, 61.—

To urge, press, stimulate, drive, solicit (syn. insto):

quod te urget, scelus, Qui huic sis molestus?

Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 47:

etiam atque etiam insto atque urgeo,

Cic. Planc. 19, 48:

quamobrem, ut facis, urge, insta, perfice,

id. Att. 13, 32, 1: Lepidus ursit me et suis et Antonii litteris, ut, etc., Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 4:

nihil urget,

is pressing, Cic. Att. 13, 27, 2:

cur patrem non urserit ad exsolutionem,

Dig. 23, 3, 33.—

To press, strain, exert in excess, etc.:

vox autem ultra vires urgenda non est,

Quint. 11, 3, 51; cf.

orationem,

id. 11, 3, 102.—

To press upon (by too great nearness), to crowd, hem in, confine:

ne urbem hanc urbe aliā premere atque urgere possitis,

Cic. Agr. 1, 5, 16:

vallis, quam densis frondibus atrum Urget utrimque latus,

Verg. A. 11, 524; 7, 566:

quāque pharetratae vicinia Persidis urget,

id. G. 4, 290.—

Trop.

To press, ply, urge with argument (a favorite expression of Cic.):

urgerent praeterea philosophorum greges... instaret Academia,

Cic. de Or. 1, 10, 42:

illum neque ursi, neque levavi,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 1:

sed urges me meis versibus,

id. Div. 2, 20, 45:

urguebat Arcesilas Zenonem, cum ipse falsa omnia diceret, etc.,

id. N. D. 1, 25, 70.—With acc. and inf.:

sed urguetis identidem hominum esse istam culpam non deorum,

Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76:

illud urgeam, non intellegere eum, quid, etc.,

id. Fin. 5, 27, 80.— Absol.:

ut interrogando urgeat,

Cic. Or. 40, 137:

urgent tamen et nihil remittunt,

id. Fin. 4, 28, 77; id. Off. 3, 9, 39; id. Lig. 3, 9 (also ap. Quint. 9, 2, 57).—

To follow up, keep to, stick to, ply hard, push forward, urge on any thing:

eundem locum diutius,

Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 97:

quin tu urges istam occasionem et facultatem,

id. Fam. 7, 8, 2:

jus, aequitatem,

id. Off. 3, 16, 67: idem illud de provinciis, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 5, 3:

propositum,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 6:

et durum terrae rusticus urget opus,

Tib. 1, 9, 8; Ov. M. 4, 390; cf.:

non tacta ligonibus arva,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 26:

vestem,

Verg. A. 9, 489:

iter,

Ov. F. 6, 520:

vestigia ad manes,

Sil. 12, 419:

Romae cum sum et urgeo forum,

am often in the Forum, Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 4; cf. altum, to force or plunge into, Hor. C. 2, 10, 2.— Urgeri, with gen., to be hard pressed, prosecuted for any thing:

male administratae provinciae aliorumque criminum,

Tac. A. 6, 29.— Poet., with inf.:

marisque Baiis obstrepentis urges Summovere litora,

Hor. C. 2, 18, 20.—Hence, urgens, entis, P. a. (acc. to I.B.1.), pressing, cogent, urgent (postclass. and very rare):

urgentior causa,

Tert. Res. Carn. 2 med.:

urgentissima ratio,

Cod. Just. 3, 11, 1.— Adv.: urgenter, pressingly (late Lat.), Cypr. Ep. 30, 1.

urgeo (less correctly urgueo), ursi ( perf. rare; past part. not found), 2, v. a. [Gr. Werg-, heirgnumi, to shut in; Sanscr. varg-, vargami, prevent; Germ. Merk; Engl. work], to press, push, force, drive, impel, urge.

Lit. (mostly poet.;

syn.: pello, trudo): unda impellitur undā Urgeturque eadem veniens urgetque priorem,

Ov. M. 15, 182:

urgeris turbā circum te stante,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 135:

angustoque vagos pisces urgere catino,

id. ib. 2, 4, 77:

trepidique pedem pede fervidus urget,

Verg. A. 12, 748; cf. Cic. Rep. 6, 20, 21:

aut petis aut urges ruiturum, Sisyphe, saxum,

i. e. roll up, Ov. M. 4, 460:

versaque in obnixos urguentur cornua vasto Cum gemitu,

Verg. G. 3, 222:

tres (naves) Eurus ab alto In brevia et Syrtes urget,

id. A. 1, 111:

miserum tenues in jecur urget acus,

Ov. H. 6, 92:

equites in oppidum, Auct. B. Afr. 6, 3: (Mars) aetherias currus urgebat ad arces,

Stat. Th. 3, 222.—

Transf.

To press upon (as something burdensome or compulsory).

To bear hard or close upon; press hard, beset (class.):

Caesar cum septimam legionem, quae juxta constiterat, urgeri ab hoste vidisset,

Caes. B. G. 2, 26; 2, 25; Sall. J. 56, 6; cf.:

hinc Pallas instat et urget Hinc contra Lausus,

Verg. A. 10, 433:

urgent impavidi te Salaminius Teucer, te Sthenelus,

Hor. C. 1, 15, 23:

hac urget lupus, hac canis angit,

id. S. 2, 2, 64. —

To weigh or bear down, to burden, oppress:

at onus urget,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 35; cf.:

onus aut jam urgentis aut certe adventantis senectutis,

Cic. Sen. 1, 2:

quod latus mundi nebulae malusque Juppiter urget,

Hor. C. 1, 22, 20:

quem scabies aut morbus urget,

id. A. P. 453; cf.:

ergo Quintilium perpetuus sopor Urget,

id. C. 1, 24, 5:

omnes illacrimabiles Urgentur ignotique longa Nocte,

id. ib. 4, 9, 27:

populus militiā atque inopiā urguebatur,

Sall. J. 41, 7:

praesens atque urgens malum,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 25, 61.—

To urge, press, stimulate, drive, solicit (syn. insto):

quod te urget, scelus, Qui huic sis molestus?

Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 47:

etiam atque etiam insto atque urgeo,

Cic. Planc. 19, 48:

quamobrem, ut facis, urge, insta, perfice,

id. Att. 13, 32, 1: Lepidus ursit me et suis et Antonii litteris, ut, etc., Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 4:

nihil urget,

is pressing, Cic. Att. 13, 27, 2:

cur patrem non urserit ad exsolutionem,

Dig. 23, 3, 33.—

To press, strain, exert in excess, etc.:

vox autem ultra vires urgenda non est,

Quint. 11, 3, 51; cf.

orationem,

id. 11, 3, 102.—

To press upon (by too great nearness), to crowd, hem in, confine:

ne urbem hanc urbe aliā premere atque urgere possitis,

Cic. Agr. 1, 5, 16:

vallis, quam densis frondibus atrum Urget utrimque latus,

Verg. A. 11, 524; 7, 566:

quāque pharetratae vicinia Persidis urget,

id. G. 4, 290.—

Trop.

To press, ply, urge with argument (a favorite expression of Cic.):

urgerent praeterea philosophorum greges... instaret Academia,

Cic. de Or. 1, 10, 42:

illum neque ursi, neque levavi,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 1:

sed urges me meis versibus,

id. Div. 2, 20, 45:

urguebat Arcesilas Zenonem, cum ipse falsa omnia diceret, etc.,

id. N. D. 1, 25, 70.—With acc. and inf.:

sed urguetis identidem hominum esse istam culpam non deorum,

Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76:

illud urgeam, non intellegere eum, quid, etc.,

id. Fin. 5, 27, 80.— Absol.:

ut interrogando urgeat,

Cic. Or. 40, 137:

urgent tamen et nihil remittunt,

id. Fin. 4, 28, 77; id. Off. 3, 9, 39; id. Lig. 3, 9 (also ap. Quint. 9, 2, 57).—

To follow up, keep to, stick to, ply hard, push forward, urge on any thing:

eundem locum diutius,

Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 97:

quin tu urges istam occasionem et facultatem,

id. Fam. 7, 8, 2:

jus, aequitatem,

id. Off. 3, 16, 67: idem illud de provinciis, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 5, 3:

propositum,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 6:

et durum terrae rusticus urget opus,

Tib. 1, 9, 8; Ov. M. 4, 390; cf.:

non tacta ligonibus arva,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 26:

vestem,

Verg. A. 9, 489:

iter,

Ov. F. 6, 520:

vestigia ad manes,

Sil. 12, 419:

Romae cum sum et urgeo forum,

am often in the Forum, Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 4; cf. altum, to force or plunge into, Hor. C. 2, 10, 2.— Urgeri, with gen., to be hard pressed, prosecuted for any thing:

male administratae provinciae aliorumque criminum,

Tac. A. 6, 29.— Poet., with inf.:

marisque Baiis obstrepentis urges Summovere litora,

Hor. C. 2, 18, 20.—Hence, urgens, entis, P. a. (acc. to I.B.1.), pressing, cogent, urgent (postclass. and very rare):

urgentior causa,

Tert. Res. Carn. 2 med.:

urgentissima ratio,

Cod. Just. 3, 11, 1.— Adv.: urgenter, pressingly (late Lat.), Cypr. Ep. 30, 1.

urgeo (less correctly urgueo), ursi ( perf. rare; past part. not found), 2, v. a. [Gr. Werg-, heirgnumi, to shut in; Sanscr. varg-, vargami, prevent; Germ. Merk; Engl. work], to press, push, force, drive, impel, urge.

Lit. (mostly poet.;

syn.: pello, trudo): unda impellitur undā Urgeturque eadem veniens urgetque priorem,

Ov. M. 15, 182:

urgeris turbā circum te stante,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 135:

angustoque vagos pisces urgere catino,

id. ib. 2, 4, 77:

trepidique pedem pede fervidus urget,

Verg. A. 12, 748; cf. Cic. Rep. 6, 20, 21:

aut petis aut urges ruiturum, Sisyphe, saxum,

i. e. roll up, Ov. M. 4, 460:

versaque in obnixos urguentur cornua vasto Cum gemitu,

Verg. G. 3, 222:

tres (naves) Eurus ab alto In brevia et Syrtes urget,

id. A. 1, 111:

miserum tenues in jecur urget acus,

Ov. H. 6, 92:

equites in oppidum, Auct. B. Afr. 6, 3: (Mars) aetherias currus urgebat ad arces,

Stat. Th. 3, 222.—

Transf.

To press upon (as something burdensome or compulsory).

To bear hard or close upon; press hard, beset (class.):

Caesar cum septimam legionem, quae juxta constiterat, urgeri ab hoste vidisset,

Caes. B. G. 2, 26; 2, 25; Sall. J. 56, 6; cf.:

hinc Pallas instat et urget Hinc contra Lausus,

Verg. A. 10, 433:

urgent impavidi te Salaminius Teucer, te Sthenelus,

Hor. C. 1, 15, 23:

hac urget lupus, hac canis angit,

id. S. 2, 2, 64. —

To weigh or bear down, to burden, oppress:

at onus urget,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 35; cf.:

onus aut jam urgentis aut certe adventantis senectutis,

Cic. Sen. 1, 2:

quod latus mundi nebulae malusque Juppiter urget,

Hor. C. 1, 22, 20:

quem scabies aut morbus urget,

id. A. P. 453; cf.:

ergo Quintilium perpetuus sopor Urget,

id. C. 1, 24, 5:

omnes illacrimabiles Urgentur ignotique longa Nocte,

id. ib. 4, 9, 27:

populus militiā atque inopiā urguebatur,

Sall. J. 41, 7:

praesens atque urgens malum,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 25, 61.—

To urge, press, stimulate, drive, solicit (syn. insto):

quod te urget, scelus, Qui huic sis molestus?

Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 47:

etiam atque etiam insto atque urgeo,

Cic. Planc. 19, 48:

quamobrem, ut facis, urge, insta, perfice,

id. Att. 13, 32, 1: Lepidus ursit me et suis et Antonii litteris, ut, etc., Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 4:

nihil urget,

is pressing, Cic. Att. 13, 27, 2:

cur patrem non urserit ad exsolutionem,

Dig. 23, 3, 33.—

To press, strain, exert in excess, etc.:

vox autem ultra vires urgenda non est,

Quint. 11, 3, 51; cf.

orationem,

id. 11, 3, 102.—

To press upon (by too great nearness), to crowd, hem in, confine:

ne urbem hanc urbe aliā premere atque urgere possitis,

Cic. Agr. 1, 5, 16:

vallis, quam densis frondibus atrum Urget utrimque latus,

Verg. A. 11, 524; 7, 566:

quāque pharetratae vicinia Persidis urget,

id. G. 4, 290.—

Trop.

To press, ply, urge with argument (a favorite expression of Cic.):

urgerent praeterea philosophorum greges... instaret Academia,

Cic. de Or. 1, 10, 42:

illum neque ursi, neque levavi,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 1:

sed urges me meis versibus,

id. Div. 2, 20, 45:

urguebat Arcesilas Zenonem, cum ipse falsa omnia diceret, etc.,

id. N. D. 1, 25, 70.—With acc. and inf.:

sed urguetis identidem hominum esse istam culpam non deorum,

Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76:

illud urgeam, non intellegere eum, quid, etc.,

id. Fin. 5, 27, 80.— Absol.:

ut interrogando urgeat,

Cic. Or. 40, 137:

urgent tamen et nihil remittunt,

id. Fin. 4, 28, 77; id. Off. 3, 9, 39; id. Lig. 3, 9 (also ap. Quint. 9, 2, 57).—

To follow up, keep to, stick to, ply hard, push forward, urge on any thing:

eundem locum diutius,

Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 97:

quin tu urges istam occasionem et facultatem,

id. Fam. 7, 8, 2:

jus, aequitatem,

id. Off. 3, 16, 67: idem illud de provinciis, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 5, 3:

propositum,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 6:

et durum terrae rusticus urget opus,

Tib. 1, 9, 8; Ov. M. 4, 390; cf.:

non tacta ligonibus arva,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 26:

vestem,

Verg. A. 9, 489:

iter,

Ov. F. 6, 520:

vestigia ad manes,

Sil. 12, 419:

Romae cum sum et urgeo forum,

am often in the Forum, Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 4; cf. altum, to force or plunge into, Hor. C. 2, 10, 2.— Urgeri, with gen., to be hard pressed, prosecuted for any thing:

male administratae provinciae aliorumque criminum,

Tac. A. 6, 29.— Poet., with inf.:

marisque Baiis obstrepentis urges Summovere litora,

Hor. C. 2, 18, 20.—Hence, urgens, entis, P. a. (acc. to I.B.1.), pressing, cogent, urgent (postclass. and very rare):

urgentior causa,

Tert. Res. Carn. 2 med.:

urgentissima ratio,

Cod. Just. 3, 11, 1.— Adv.: urgenter, pressingly (late Lat.), Cypr. Ep. 30, 1.

1) делать легче, облегчать ( onus C)

2) поднимать (supercilia Q; oculps QC); приподнимать (aliquem, aliquid manu QC, Su)

3) поддерживать, помогать, ободрять (aliquem, aliquid summis eloquentiae viribus Q); облегчать, успокаивать, ослаблять, уменьшать (sollicitudines alicujus C; aliorum aerumnas Enn); утешать (animum a. maerore QC)

1) убирать прочь, отодвигать, удалять, отстранять, устранять (onus Lcn; obstantia silvarum T)

2) уничтожать, изглаживать ( vestigia alicujus rei L)

3) устранять, предотвращать ( pericula PM); снимать ( dedĕcus T); отводить ( crimen ab aliquo T); опровергать ( aliquid Q)

4) обходить молчанием, оставлять без внимания ( nomen suum L)

5) освобождаться, отделываться (от кого-л.) (a. custōdem molestum Pt)

1)

а) ставить ( mensam Pl); подавать на стол (con vivis panem et obsonia Su; cenam C, Su)

б) приставлять ( scalas L); прикладывать ( manus ad os C)

2) приставлять, назначать ( custodem alicui aliquem C); выставлять ( calumnialores C)

3) добавлять, прибавлять ( annos alicui H)

4) причислять (к чему-л.). т. е. рассматривать, считать

1) переносить вниз, сносить, снимать ( ramalia tecto O)

2) спускать ( nudos pedes in terram Pt); погружать, вонзать (d. ferrum elatum in pectus T)

3) (тж. pass.) течь

4) перемещать, передвигать, переносить ( castra in viam L)

5) забросить, занести

6)

а) вносить (pecuniam in aerarium L)

б) ( в игре) ставить ( lamnam Pt)

7) свергнуть, сбросить (aliquem in abruptum barathrum Ctl)

8) нести (вести или везти) на продажу ( onus deferendum ad mercatum Pt); продавать (aliquid eodem pretio d. PM)

9) предоставлять, передавать, возлагать, поручать (aliquam rem ad aliquem или alicui C etc.)

10) доносить, докладывать, сообщать (aliquid ad aliquem L, C etc.; dicta alicujus V)

11) объявлять (alicui aliquam rem или de aliquā re L, C, Cs etc.)

12) подать жалобу, привлечь к судебной ответственности (d. aliquem или nomen alicujus C etc.)

13) указывать, приводить

1) снимать (barbam C; caput gladio QC; juga bobus H; e suis umeris amictum O); вынимать ( secures de fascibus C); срывать ( pomum ex arbore Cato)

2) избавлять, освобождать (d. alicui onus L, molestiam Ter, acerbam necessitudinem Sl)

3) отнимать, устранять

4) отнимать, вычитать