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1 Spencer, Christopher Miner
[br]b. 10 June 1833 Manchester, Connecticut, USAd. 14 January 1922 Hartford, Connecticut, USA[br]American mechanical engineer and inventor.[br]Christopher M.Spencer served an apprenticeship from 1847 to 1849 in the machine shop at the silk mills of Cheney Brothers in his native town and remained there for a few years as a journeyman machinist. In 1853 he went to Rochester, New York, to obtain experience with machinery other than that used in the textile industry. He then spent some years with the Colt Armory at Hartford, Connecticut, before returning to Cheney Brothers, where he obtained his first patent, which was for a silk-winding machine.Spencer had long been interested in firearms and in 1860 he obtained a patent for a repeating rifle. The Spencer Repeating Rifle Company was organized for its manufacture, and before the end of the American Civil War about 200,000 rifles had been produced. He patented a number of other improvements in firearms and in 1868 was associated with Charles E.Billings (1835–1920) in the Roper Arms Company, set up at Amherst, Massachusetts, to manufacture Spencer's magazine gun. This was not a success, however, and in 1869 they moved to Hartford, Connecticut, and formed the Billings \& Spencer Company. There they developed the technology of the drop hammer and Spencer continued his inventive work, which included an automatic turret lathe for producing metal screws. The patent that he obtained for this in 1873 inexplicably failed to protect the essential feature of the machine which provided the automatic action, with the result that Spencer received no patent right on the most valuable feature of the machine.In 1874 Spencer withdrew from active connection with Billings \& Spencer, although he remained a director, and in 1876 he formed with others the Hartford Machine Screw Company. However, he withdrew in 1882 to form the Spencer Arms Company at Windsor, Connecticut, for the manufacture of another of his inventions, a repeating shotgun. But this company failed and Spencer returned to the field of automatic lathes, and in 1893 he organized the Spencer Automatic Machine Screw Company at Windsor, where he remained until his retirement.[br]Further ReadingJ.W.Roe, 1916, English and American Tool Builders, New Haven; reprinted 1926, New York, and 1987, Bradley, Ill. (briefly describes his career and his automatic lathes).L.T.C.Rolt, 1965, Tools for the Job, London; repub. 1986 (gives a brief description of Spencer's automatic lathes).RTSBiographical history of technology > Spencer, Christopher Miner
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2 pit
1 noun∎ to dig a pit creuser un trou∎ to go down the pit descendre dans la mine; (work as miner) travailler à la mine;∎ to work down the pit travailler à la mine(f) Stock Exchange parquet m, corbeille f(g) (usu pl) (at motor-racing track) stand m (de ravitaillement)(h) (in cockfighting) arène f∎ the pit of the stomach le creux de l'estomac;∎ figurative her rejection hit him in the pit of his stomach son rejet lui a fait l'effet d'un coup de poing dans l'estomac∎ in one's pit au pieu∎ the pit l'enfer m∎ his face was pitted with acne son visage était criblé d'acné;∎ meteors have pitted the surface of the moon la lune est criblée de cratères laissés par les météores;∎ a road pitted with potholes une route criblée de nids-de-poule;∎ pitted with rust piqué par la rouille∎ she was pitted against the champion on l'a opposée à la championne;∎ to pit oneself against sb se mesurer à qn;∎ to pit one's wits against sb se mesurer à ou avec qn∎ familiar to be the pits être complètement nul;∎ it's the pits! c'est l'horreur!;∎ this town is the pits cette ville est un vrai trou►► pit bull (terrier) pit bull m;pit pony cheval m de mine;pit prop poteau m ou étau m de mine, étançon m;pit stop (in motor racing) arrêt m au stand;∎ to make a pit stop s'arrêter au stand; -
3 minero
adj.mining.m.1 miner, coal miner, coalminer, collier.2 mine owner.* * *► adjetivo1 mining► nombre masculino,nombre femenino1 miner* * *1. (f. - minera)noun2. (f. - minera)adj.* * *minero, -a1.ADJ mining2.SM / F minerminero/a de carbón — coalminer
minero/a de interior — face worker
* * *I- ra adjetivo mining (before n)II- ra masculino, femenino miner* * *= miner, pitman [pitmen, -pl.], coal miner.Ex. This article examines Sika's successes in raising funds for the restoration of historic buildings, as well as his involvement in mining events and the education of miners.Ex. An earlier psychometric study of a mine revealed that pitmen have by far the highest incidence of psychological complaints, & that their complaints are related to conflicts at work.Ex. The movie is a reenactment of the violent clash between striking coal miners and riot police outside a coking plant on June 18, 1984.----* ingeniería minera = mining engineering.* lámpara de minero = miners' lamp.* pueblo minero = mining town.* yacimiento minero = mineral deposit.* * *I- ra adjetivo mining (before n)II- ra masculino, femenino miner* * *= miner, pitman [pitmen, -pl.], coal miner.Ex: This article examines Sika's successes in raising funds for the restoration of historic buildings, as well as his involvement in mining events and the education of miners.
Ex: An earlier psychometric study of a mine revealed that pitmen have by far the highest incidence of psychological complaints, & that their complaints are related to conflicts at work.Ex: The movie is a reenactment of the violent clash between striking coal miners and riot police outside a coking plant on June 18, 1984.* ingeniería minera = mining engineering.* lámpara de minero = miners' lamp.* pueblo minero = mining town.* yacimiento minero = mineral deposit.* * *mining ( before n)explotación minera mining developmentmasculine, feminineminer* * *
minero◊ -ra adjetivo
mining ( before n)
■ sustantivo masculino, femenino
miner
minero,-a
I sustantivo masculino y femenino miner
II adjetivo mining
' minero' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
minera
- yacimiento
English:
coal miner
- miner
- mining
- coal
* * *minero, -a♦ adjmining;[producción, riqueza] mineral;industria minera mining industry♦ nm,fminer* * *I adj miningII m miner* * *minero, -ra adj: miningminero, -ra n: miner, mine worker* * *minero n miner -
4 explotar
v.1 to exploit (person).El tipo explota a los empleados The guy exploits the employees.El minero explota los recursos The miner exploits the resources.2 to explode.El minero explotó la carga The miner exploded the charge.La carga explotó The charge exploded.María explotó por la ofensa Mary exploded because of the offense.3 to use, to take unfair advantage of.El timador usó a las personas The swindler used the people.4 to explode on.Nos explotó una bomba A bomb exploded on us.* * *1 (sacar provecho) to exploit; (mina) to work; (tierra) to cultivate; (industria) to operate, run; (recursos) to tap, exploit2 peyorativo (personas) to exploit3 (bomba) to explode1 (explosionar) to explode, blow up* * *verb1) to exploit2) to run, operate* * *1. VT1) (=usar) [+ recursos, riquezas] to exploit; [+ planta] to run, operate; [+ mina] to work2) (=usar excesivamente) [+ obreros] to exploit; [+ situación] to exploit, make capital out of3) [+ bomba] to explode2.VI [bomba] to explode, go offexplotaron dos bombas — two bombs exploded o went off
cayó sin explotar — it fell but did not go off, it landed without going off
* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) < tierra> to exploit, work; < mina> to operate, work; < negocio> to run, operateb) <idea/debilidad> to exploit2) < trabajador> to exploit2.explotar via) bomba to explode, go off; caldera/máquina to explode, blow upb) (fam) persona to explode, to blow a fuse (colloq)* * *= deploy, explode, exploit, harness, tap, burst, blow up, cash in on, prey on/upon, detonate, milk, mine, blow + a fuse, ride (on) + Posesivo + coattails, go off.Ex. The article presents the results of trials in which the model was deployed to classify aspects of the construction industry, such as construction norms and regulations.Ex. Other systems also employ a thesaurus in offering the facility to explode search profiles.Ex. The Library of Congress List of Subject Headings (LCSH) can be exploited as a general index, since it shows LCC numbers for many of the headings listed.Ex. When computers were first harnessed for information retrieval and cataloguing applications, the information retrieval systems, and some of the cataloguing systems developed in different environments.Ex. It must be pointed out, however, that the potential for online catalogs to increase library staff productivity has hardly been tapped.Ex. The article 'Will the CD bubble burst: conflicting messages on the future of electronic publishing' considers the future of the CD-ROM market.Ex. The article 'The library has blown up!' relates the short circuit in the main electrical circuit board of Porstmouth Public Library caused by electricians who were carrying out routine work.Ex. At the same time, veteran fiction writers and new authors cashing in on fame from other media continued to rule the lists.Ex. From being a predator, England was becoming a major commercial power on whose ships others preyed.Ex. There has been an explosion in terminology detonated by developments related to XML (eXtensible Markup Language).Ex. A satisfactory balance between public and private involvement has not yet been reached and the companies involved are milking public funds.Ex. For instance, if children are doing a project work on dogs, they will hunt out anything and everything that so much as mentions them and the bits thus mined are assiduously transcribed into project folders.Ex. He simply blew a fuse and decided to go out on the road, spitefully apologizing again and again, until he got it right.Ex. Riding the coattails of Barack Obama, Democrats picked up seven seats held by Republicans in Tuesday's election to match the seven it gained two years ago.Ex. My hand looks like a hand grenade went off near it -- all cut up, bruised and with perforations by small bits of flying glass.----* explotar al máximo = realise + to its full potential, realise + the potential.* explotar beneficios = exploit + benefits.* hacer explotar = blow up.* por explotar = untapped.* sin explotar = untapped, unexploded.* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) < tierra> to exploit, work; < mina> to operate, work; < negocio> to run, operateb) <idea/debilidad> to exploit2) < trabajador> to exploit2.explotar via) bomba to explode, go off; caldera/máquina to explode, blow upb) (fam) persona to explode, to blow a fuse (colloq)* * *= deploy, explode, exploit, harness, tap, burst, blow up, cash in on, prey on/upon, detonate, milk, mine, blow + a fuse, ride (on) + Posesivo + coattails, go off.Ex: The article presents the results of trials in which the model was deployed to classify aspects of the construction industry, such as construction norms and regulations.
Ex: Other systems also employ a thesaurus in offering the facility to explode search profiles.Ex: The Library of Congress List of Subject Headings (LCSH) can be exploited as a general index, since it shows LCC numbers for many of the headings listed.Ex: When computers were first harnessed for information retrieval and cataloguing applications, the information retrieval systems, and some of the cataloguing systems developed in different environments.Ex: It must be pointed out, however, that the potential for online catalogs to increase library staff productivity has hardly been tapped.Ex: The article 'Will the CD bubble burst: conflicting messages on the future of electronic publishing' considers the future of the CD-ROM market.Ex: The article 'The library has blown up!' relates the short circuit in the main electrical circuit board of Porstmouth Public Library caused by electricians who were carrying out routine work.Ex: At the same time, veteran fiction writers and new authors cashing in on fame from other media continued to rule the lists.Ex: From being a predator, England was becoming a major commercial power on whose ships others preyed.Ex: There has been an explosion in terminology detonated by developments related to XML (eXtensible Markup Language).Ex: A satisfactory balance between public and private involvement has not yet been reached and the companies involved are milking public funds.Ex: For instance, if children are doing a project work on dogs, they will hunt out anything and everything that so much as mentions them and the bits thus mined are assiduously transcribed into project folders.Ex: He simply blew a fuse and decided to go out on the road, spitefully apologizing again and again, until he got it right.Ex: Riding the coattails of Barack Obama, Democrats picked up seven seats held by Republicans in Tuesday's election to match the seven it gained two years ago.Ex: My hand looks like a hand grenade went off near it -- all cut up, bruised and with perforations by small bits of flying glass.* explotar al máximo = realise + to its full potential, realise + the potential.* explotar beneficios = exploit + benefits.* hacer explotar = blow up.* por explotar = untapped.* sin explotar = untapped, unexploded.* * *explotar [A1 ]vtA1 ‹tierra› to exploit, work; ‹mina› to operate, work, exploit; ‹negocio› to run, operate2 (sacar provecho de) to exploitsupo explotar esta idea al máximo she knew how to exploit this idea to the full o how to make the most of this ideasabe explotar los puntos flacos de su rival he knows how to exploit his opponent's weak pointsB ‹trabajador› to exploit■ explotarvi1 «bomba» to explode, go off; «caldera/máquina» to explode, blow up* * *
explotar ( conjugate explotar) verbo transitivo
‹ mina› to operate, work;
‹ negocio› to run, operate
verbo intransitivo
[caldera/máquina] to explode, blow up
explotar
I verbo intransitivo (un artefacto) to explode, go off
II verbo transitivo
1 (desarrollar, utilizar) to exploit
(una mina) to work
(la tierra) to cultivate
2 (a una persona) to exploit
' explotar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
estallar
- jugo
- exprimir
English:
blow up
- explode
- exploit
- go off
- milk
- prey on
- rag
- shell-hole
- tap
- untapped
- use
- flare
- mileage
- prey
- set
- top
- undeveloped
- work
* * *explotar1 vt1. [niños, trabajadores] to exploit;en esta empresa explotan a los trabajadores this firm exploits its workers2. [recursos naturales] to exploit;[fábrica, negocio] to run, to operate; [terreno] to farm; [mina] to work3. [tema, asunto, situación] to exploitexplotar2 vi1. [bomba, explosivo, petardo] to explode, to go off;[globo, neumático, caldera] to explode, to burst2. [persona] to explode (with rage)* * *I v/t2 situación take advantage of, exploit3 trabajador exploitII v/i go off, explode; figexplode, blow a fuse fam* * *explotar vt1) : to exploit2) : to operate, to runexplotar viestallar, reventar: to explode* * *explotar vb1. (bomba, etc) to explode / to go off2. (mina) to work3. (tierra) to farm4. (aprovechar) to exploit -
5 lavorare
"to work;Fertigen;manufaturar"* * *1. v/i work2. v/t materia prima processlegno carveterra work* * *lavorare v. intr.1 to work; (con fatica) to labour, to toil: finita la scuola andrà a lavorare, when he finishes school he'll go (out) to work; lavorare molto, sodo, to work hard; (far) lavorare troppo, to overwork; lavorare meglio di qlcu., to outwork s.o.; lavorare a ore, to work by the hour; lavorare a tempo pieno, a tempo parziale, to work full-time, part-time; lavorare a orario ridotto, to work short time (o to be on short time); far lavorare qlcu. a orario ridotto, to put s.o. on short time; lavorare a turni, to work by (o in) relays, to work (in) shifts; lavorare in proprio, to work on one's own account (o to work for oneself); lavorare presso qlcu., to be in the employ of s.o.; lavorare da falegname, da muratore, to work as a carpenter, a bricklayer; lavorare nel cinema, to work in the cinema industry; lavorare nei trasporti, to work in the transport industry; lavorare d'ago, to needlework; lavorare d'intarsio, to inlay; lavorare a maglia, to knit; lavorare a, intorno a qlco., to work at (o on) sthg.; sto lavorando a un romanzo, I am working on a novel; dare da lavorare a qlcu., to provide work (o employment) for s.o. // ( Borsa) lavorare in parità, to transact at par // (miner.) lavorare in profondità, to work in depth // l'Italia che lavora, the working population of Italy // lavorare come un cane, come un negro, to work like a dog // lavorare di cervello, to do brain work (o intellectual work); (ingegnarsi) to use one's brain // lavorare d'astuzia, to be shrewd // lavorare di fantasia, to let one's imagination run free; (inventare) to imagine things // lavorare di gomiti, to elbow one's way (through) // lavorare di mano, (rubare) to steal // lavorare per la gloria, to work for nothing // lavorare sott'acqua, (fig.) to scheme, to be underhanded // far lavorare qlcu. fino all'esaurimento, to work s.o. to a standstill (o to death) // chi non lavora non mangia, (prov.) no work, no pay2 (funzionare) to operate, to work; (di chiave) to turn: in quello stabilimento gli impianti lavorano giorno e notte, in that plant machines work (o operate) day and night; le fabbriche hanno ripreso a lavorare, the factories have resumed working; il suo fegato non lavora bene, his liver doesn't work very well; il veleno sta lavorando, the poison is working (o is having its effect)3 (avere un giro di affari) to do* business: questo bar lavora poco, this coffee bar doesn't do much business; questo negozio lavora molto, this shop is doing good business◆ v.tr. to work; (trattare) to process; (mecc.) (alle macchine) to machine (tool): lavorare il ferro, la creta, to work iron, clay; (metall.) lavorare a freddo, a caldo, to hot-work, to cold-work; lavorare a sbalzo, to emboss; lavorare la terra, to till (o to work) the land; (cuc.) lavorare la pasta, to work dough// lavorarsi qlcu., (fig.) to work on s.o. (o to get round s.o.); (boxe) to beat up; si è lavorato il capo e ha avuto l'aumento, he worked on the boss and got a rise; lavorarsi l'opinione pubblica, to work on public opinion.* * *[lavo'rare]1) (persona) to worklavorare duro o sodo — to work hard
lavorare in proprio — to work for o.s., be self-employed
lavorare a maglia/ad ago — to knit/do needlework
lavorare di fantasia — (suggestionarsi) to imagine things, (fantasticare) to let one's imagination run free
2) (funzionare: macchinari) to work, run, operate, (negozi, uffici: far affari) to do well, do good business2. vt(creta, ferro) to work, (legno) to carve, (Culin : pane, pasta) to work, knead, (burro) to beat, (Agr : terra) to work, cultivatelavorarsi qn — (fig : convincere) to work on sb
* * *[lavo'rare] 1.verbo transitivo (manipolare) to work [legno, metallo]; gastr. to knead [ pasta]; agr. to work, to cultivate [ terra]2.1) to worklavorare molto o sodo to work hard; lavorare in fabbrica to work in a factory; lavorare nell'editoria to work in publishing; lavorare per qcn. to work for sb.; lavorare come insegnante to work as a teacher; lavorare in proprio to work for oneself, to freelance; lavorare in nero = to work without declaring one's earnings, under the table; lavorare a cottimo to job; lavorare su un testo, a un progetto to work on a text, project; far lavorare un allievo to make a pupil work; far lavorare il cervello fig. to apply one's mind; lavori troppo di immaginazione — you have an overactive imagination
2) (fare affari) [commerciante, negozio, albergo] to do* business3) sart.4) sport3.lavorare qcn. ai fianchi — [ boxeur] to work away at sb.'s ribs
verbo pronominale lavorarsi-rsi qcn. — to work on sb
••lavorare sott'acqua — to plot, to scheme
* * *lavorare/lavo'rare/ [1](manipolare) to work [legno, metallo]; gastr. to knead [ pasta]; agr. to work, to cultivate [ terra](aus. avere)1 to work; lavorare molto o sodo to work hard; lavorare in fabbrica to work in a factory; lavorare nell'editoria to work in publishing; lavorare per qcn. to work for sb.; lavorare come insegnante to work as a teacher; lavorare in proprio to work for oneself, to freelance; lavorare in nero = to work without declaring one's earnings, under the table; lavorare a cottimo to job; lavorare su un testo, a un progetto to work on a text, project; far lavorare un allievo to make a pupil work; far lavorare il cervello fig. to apply one's mind; lavori troppo di immaginazione you have an overactive imagination2 (fare affari) [commerciante, negozio, albergo] to do* business; lavorare molto to do good business; lavorare in perdita to run at lossIII lavorarsi verbo pronominale-rsi qcn. to work on sb.lavorare come un negro to work like a slave; lavorare come un mulo to work like a horse; lavorare di gomiti to elbow one's way; lavorare sott'acqua to plot, to scheme. -
6 olio
m (pl -li) oilolio dei freni brake fluidolio lubrificante lubricating oil, lubeolio per il cambio gearbox oilolio extra-vergine d'oliva extra-virgin olive oilolio solare suntan oil* * *olio s.m. oil: olio d'arachidi, peanut oil; olio di semi, seed oil; olio ( di semi) di girasole, sunflower seed oil; olio d'oliva, olive oil; olio extra vergine ( d'oliva), extra virgin olive oil; condire l'insalata con l'olio, to dress the salad with oil; olio da cucina, cooking oil // olio di fegato di merluzzo, cod-liver oil; olio di lino, linseed (o flax) oil; olio di mandorle, almond oil; olio di palma, palm oil; olio di paraffina, paraffin oil; olio di ricino, castor oil; olio di sansa, husk-oil; olio di sego, tallow-oil; olio di sesamo, sesame oil; olio lubrificante, lubricating oil; olio combustibile distillato, kerosene; olio combustibile pesante, fuel oil; olio minerale, animale, vegetale, mineral, animal, vegetable oil; olio solare, sun tan oil; olio raffinato, refined oil // (pitt.): colore a olio, oil paint (o oils); quadro a olio, oil painting; dipingere a olio, to paint in oils // sott'olio, in oil; tonno sott'olio, tuna in oil // (eccl.) olio santo, holy oil; dare, ricevere l'olio santo, to give, to receive extreme unction // olio di gomito, elbow-grease // liscio come l'olio, as smooth as silk (o very smoothy) // il mare era un olio, the sea was as smooth as glass // gettar olio sul fuoco, to add fuel to the fire.* * *1) oilcontrollare (il livello del)l'olio — (dell'auto) to check the oil
dipingere a olio — to paint o work in oils
•olio di arachidi — peanut oil, groundnut oil BE
olio di balena — whale oil, train oil
olio combustibile — fuel oil, heating oil
olio essenziale — aromatherapy oil, essential oil
olio di gomito — scherz. elbow grease
olio minerale — miner. mineral oil
olio solare — cosmet. suntan oil
••* * *oliopl. oli /'ɔljo, 'ɔli/sostantivo m.1 oil; sardine sott'olio sardines in vegetable oil; controllare (il livello del)l'olio (dell'auto) to check the oil2 art. (dipinto) oil painting; (tecnica) dipingere a olio to paint o work in oils; colore a olio oil colourandare liscio come l'olio to be plain sailing; gettare olio sul fuoco to add fuel to the fire\olio di arachidi peanut oil, groundnut oil BE; olio da bagno bath oil; olio di balena whale oil, train oil; olio combustibile fuel oil, heating oil; olio essenziale aromatherapy oil, essential oil; olio extravergine extra virgin olive oil; olio di fegato di merluzzo cod-liver oil; olio di gomito scherz. elbow grease; olio di lino linseed oil; olio minerale miner. mineral oil; olio di oliva olive oil; olio di ricino castor oil; olio santo holy oil; olio solare cosmet. suntan oil; olio da tavola salad oil. -
7 عامل
عَامِل \ active: busy; not lazy; able to do things: My father is old but still active. He takes an active part in village affairs. agent: (esp. in science) sth. that acts on sth. else and produces an effect. hand: a worker: a factory hand. labourer, laborer: sb. who performs heavy unskilled work. man: an employed male: the builder’s men. worker: anyone who works, but esp. an employed person: Is she an office worker or a factory worker?. workman: sb. who works with his hands at a skilled job. \ See Also نشيط (نَشيط)، فعال (فَعّال) \ عَامِل الإشارات (في سِكّة الحَديد) \ signalman, signalmen: a signaller; sb. who sets signals on a railway. \ عَامِل الإشارة (في الجَيْش) \ signaller, signaler: a soldier whose job is to send and receive signals. \ عَامِل مُضْرِب عن العَمَل \ striker: sb. who stops work in support of some demand. \ عَامِلُ شَحْنِ وتفريغِ السُّفُن \ stevedore: sb. who loads or unloads a ship. \ عَامِل على آلة \ operator: sb. who controls a machine (esp. a radio or telephone): Pick up your telephone and ask the operator for the number that you want. \ See Also جهاز (جِهاز) \ عَامِل في مَنْجَم \ miner: sb. who works in a mine: a coal miner. \ عَامِل كهربائيّ \ electrician: sb. who looks after electrical supplies and instruments. \ عَامِل مَاهِر \ craftsman, craftsmen: sb. skilled with the hands. \ عَامِل مساعِد \ factor: any cause, condition, etc. that helps to produce a result: One’s age and experience are important factors in finding a job. \ عَامِل الميناء \ docker: sb. who works at loading or repairing ships. -
8 μέταλλον
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `mine, quarry' (Hdt., Th., X., Att. inscr.), late also `mineral, metal' (Nonn., AP, backformation from μεταλλεύω).Derivatives: 1. μεταλλεῖα n. pl. `minerals, metals' (Pl. Lg. 678 d), substantiv. of *μεταλλεῖος `belonging to a mine'. 2. μεταλλικός `belonging to the mines' (D., Arist.). 3. μεταλλεύς m. `miner' (Lys., Pl. Lg., Att. inscr.; Boßhardt 60f.); from there, or from μέταλλον, 4. μεταλλεύω `be miner, work in the mines, dig up from quarries' (Pl., LXX, Arist.) with μεταλλ-εία (Pl., Str.), - ευσις (Ph. Bel.) `mining', - ευτής = μεταλλεύς (Str.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 63 f.), - ευτικός `belonging to mining' (Pl. Lg., Arist., pap.). 5. μεταλλίζομαι `be condemned to the mines' ( Cod. Just.). 6. μεταλλῖτις γῆ τις H. (Redard 108). -- On itself stands μεταλλάω `investigate, inquire, examine' (Il., late prose), cf. below.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Technical term for mining and as such suspect to be a loan. The attempt to explain μέταλλον from μεταλλάω as backformation (Eichhorn, De graecae linguae nominibus deriv. retrogr. conformatis. Diss. Göttingen 1912, S. 47 f.; rejected by Kretschmer Glotta 6, 299, but accepted by id. Glotta 32, 1 n. 1), does not help, as for the verb no convincing etymology has been found; the explanation from μετ' ἄλλα, prop. "(inquire) after other (things)", e.g. Buttmann Lexilogus 1, 139 f. (with Eust.), Kretschmer l.c., is hardly convincing. Much more probable is, to see in the denominative μεταλλάω an orig. tecnical term, which was by ep. poets used in metaph. sense, but further came out of use. -- For foreign origin a. o. Debrunner Eberts Reallex. 4: 2,525, Krahe Die Antike 15, 181, Kretschmer Glotta 31, 13; on Pre-Greek - αλλ- Beekes, FS Kortlandt. Vain IE a. Sem. interpretations in Bq. -- Lat. LW [loanword] metallum `mining, metal', from where NHG Metall etc.; on further derivv. in western and eastern languages Maidhof Glotta 10, 14 f.Page in Frisk: 2,216-217Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μέταλλον
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9 charbon
charbon [∫aʀbɔ̃]masculine nounb. ( = maladie) [de blé] black rust ; [d'animal, homme] anthrax* * *ʃaʀbɔ̃nom masculin1) Industrie coal2) ( médicament) charcoal3) Médecine anthrax4) Botanique smut5) Art charcoal; ( dessin) charcoal drawing•Phrasal Verbs:••aller au charbon — (colloq) ( aller au travail) to get to work; ( effectuer une tâche pénible) to do the menial work
* * *ʃaʀbɔ̃ nm(= combustible) coal* * *charbon nm1 Minér, Mines coal; se chauffer au charbon to use coal for heating; faire griller qch sur des charbons (de bois) to barbecue sth;2 Pharm charcoal; charbon animal/végétal animal/wood charcoal;charbon actif or activé activated charcoal; charbon de bois charcoal.être noir comme du charbon to be as black as coal; être sur des charbons ardents to be like a cat on a hot tin roof; aller au charbon○ ( aller au travail) to get to work; ( effectuer une tâche pénible) to do the menial work.[ʃarbɔ̃] nom masculinêtre ou marcher sur des charbons ardents to be on tenterhooks, to be like a cat on hot bricks (UK) ou a hot tin roof (US)2. ART [crayon] charcoal (pencil)[croquis] charcoal drawing -
10 pioneer
ˌpaɪəˈnɪə
1. сущ.
1) воен. "впереди идущий" (солдат пешего спецподразделения, выступающего впереди армии или полка для строительства дорог и создания необходимых условий для успешного продвижения войск) Pioneer Corps ≈ саперно-строительные части
2) пионер а) (первопоселенец, первооткрыватель, первопроходец) the pioneers of the West ≈ первопоселенцы запада США Syn: settler, colonizer б) (первопроходец в науке, какой-л. профессии и т. п.;
зачинатель, инициатор;
новатор in, of) the pioneer of open-space flights ≈ первый вышедший в открытый космос человек the pioneers of new wave in cinema ≈ пионеры новой волны в кино Syn: the first researcher, the first explorer в) биол. (растение, заселившее или занявшее свободный или пустующий ареал)
3) уст. а) землекоп;
горнорабочий Syn: digger
1), excavator
2) б) сапер pioneer tools ≈ шанцевый инструмент ∙ Syn: miner
2. прил.
1) тж. перен. первый, пионерский;
первопроходческий, новаторский pioneer work ≈ работа, открывающая новые перспективы pioneer method, research ≈ новаторский метод, pioneer settlers
2) пробный, испытательный;
исследовательский pioneer well ≈ разведочная скважина
3. гл.
1) а) воен. прокладывать дорогу для продвижения войск б) тж. перен. быть пионером, первооткрывателем;
открывать и/или исследовать( новые земли, разделы науки, сферы деятельности и т. п.) раньше других (тж. to pioneer it) He pioneered in the development of airplanes. ≈ Он был пионером развития самолетов. to pioneer the way for smth.≈ прокладывать путь( чему-л.) Syn: discover, settle II, colonize в) биол. заселять, занимать свободные территории( о растении, виде) Syn: colonize
3) руководить, вести;
направлять, управлять( исследованиями и т. п.) пионер, первоткрыватель;
первопроходец - the *s of the West первые поселенцы на западе США - the * of Arctic travel первооткрыватель /первый исследователь/ Арктики зачинатель, инициатор - early *s in smth. зачинатели чего-л. - *s in cancer research первые исследователи проблемы раковых заболеваний - women *s in professions первые женщины-врачи, учителя, адвокаты и т. п. - the * of a new era of Russian literature родоначальник нового этапа в развитии русской литературы новатор - celebrated * in education выдающийся новатор в деле образования (военное) сапер - * company саперная рота - * tools шанцевый инструмент - P. Corps саперно-строительные части (биология) пионер (растение, животное или сообщество, первым поселяющееся на пустой территориИ) (часто P.) пионер (член пионерской организации) (P.) (американизм) название серии американских автоматических космических аппаратов (для исследования Луны) первый - * settlers первые /новые/ поселенцы - * road дорога в новом районе - to conduct * research in smth. проводить первые исследования в какой-л. области, начинать исследовать что-л.;
стоять у истоков исследования новый, новаторский - * method новый /новаторский/ метод - * work новаторская работа;
работа, открывающая новые горизонты пробный, исследовательский - * well (горное) разведочная скважина прокладывать путь, быть пионером, первооткрывателем, инициатором (тж. to * it) - to * the way for future research прокладывать путь для будущих исследований вести, направлять pioneer вести, руководить ~ пионер (член пионерской организации) ~ пионер, первый поселенец или исследователь;
инициатор;
новатор, зачинатель ~ прокладывать путь, быть пионером ~ сапер ~ attr. горн.: pioneer well разведочная скважина ~ attr. первый;
pioneer work нововведение;
новаторство ~ attr. пионерский ~ attr. воен. саперный;
pioneer tools шанцевый инструмент ~ attr. воен. саперный;
pioneer tools шанцевый инструмент ~ attr. горн.: pioneer well разведочная скважина ~ attr. первый;
pioneer work нововведение;
новаторство -
11 field
1. nounwork in the fields — auf dem Feld arbeiten
2) (area rich in minerals etc.) Lagerstätte, diegas-field — Gasfeld, das
leave somebody a clear or the field — (fig.) jemandem das Feld überlassen
in the field of medicine — auf dem Gebiet der Medizin
field of vision or view — Blickfeld, das
7) (Phys.)2. intransitive verbmagnetic/gravitational field — Magnet-/Gravitationsfeld, das
(Cricket, Baseball, etc.) als Fänger spielen3. transitive verb2) (put into field) aufstellen, aufs Feld schicken [Mannschaft, Spieler]3) (fig.): (deal with) fertig werden mit; parieren [Fragen]* * *[fi:ld] 1. noun1) (a piece of land enclosed for growing crops, keeping animals etc: Our house is surrounded by fields.) das Feld3) (a piece of land etc where minerals or other natural resources are found: an oil-field; a coalfield.) das Feld4) (an area of knowledge, interest, study etc: in the fields of literature/economic development; her main fields of interest.) das Gebiet5) (an area affected, covered or included by something: a magnetic field; in his field of vision.) das (blick)Feld6) (an area of battle: the field of Waterloo; ( also adjective) a field-gun.) das Schlachtfeld, Feld-...2. verb((in cricket, basketball etc) to catch (the ball) and return it.) fangen und zurückwerfen- academic.ru/116115/field-glasses">field-glasses- fieldwork* * *[fi:ld]I. nto cut across the \fields quer über die Felder gehento take the \field einlaufen3. (expanse) [weite] Flächeice/snow \field Eis-/Schneefläche fcoal \field Kohleflöz mgas/oil \field Gas-/Ölfeld\field of battle Kriegsschauplatz mto take the \field ins Feld ziehenin the \field an der Front\field of activity Tätigkeitsgebiet nt, Tätigkeitsfeld ntto be first in the \field der/die Beste auf dem Gebiet seinto be outside sb's \field außerhalb jds Kompetenzbereich liegen, nicht mehr in jds Ressort nt fallenonce again Jones finished ahead of the \field wieder einmal gewann Jones vor dem Rest des Feldeswe have a strong \field this afternoon wir haben heute Nachmittag eine starke Besetzungmagnetic \field Magnetfeld nt13.▶ to leave the \field clear for sb jdm das Feld überlassenJohn's transfer left the \field clear for Judy to get the job weil John versetzt wurde, konnte sich Judy um seinen Job bewerben\field interview Befragung f\field observations Freilandbeobachtungen pl, Feldbeobachtungen plIII. vi als Fänger spielen mIV. vt1. (stop)to \field the ball den Ball fangento \field a team ein Team aufs Feld schicken; ( fig)to \field a group of experts eine Expertengruppe zusammenstellen3. (offer as candidate)▪ to \field sb jdn aufstellen4. (display)to \field an army eine Armee aufmarschieren lassen5. (handle)to \field questions Fragen abblocken [o parieren]to \field telephone calls Telefonanrufe abweisen* * *[fiːld]1. ncorn/wheat field — Getreide-/Weizenfeld nt
he's working in the fields — er arbeitet auf dem Feld or Acker
the farm has 20 fields —
2) (= coalfield, icefield, oilfield etc) Feld ntto take the field — auf den Platz kommen, einlaufen
noted for his bravery in the field — für seine Tapferkeit im Feld bekannt
in all the fields of human endeavour (liter) studies in the field of medicine — im gesamten menschlichen Trachten (liter) Studien auf dem Gebiet der Medizin
this is, of course, a very broad field — das ist natürlich ein weites Feld
6) (= area of practical observation or operation) Praxis fwork in the field — Feldforschung f; (of sales rep) Außendienst m
7) (PHYS, OPT) Feld ntgravitational field — Gravitationsfeld nt, Schwerefeld nt
field of force — Kraftfeld nt
magnetic field — Magnetfeld nt, magnetisches Feld
8) (SPORT: competitors) Feld nt; (CRICKET, BASEBALL) Fängerpartei fthe rest of the field (in race) — der Rest des Feldes, die übrigen Läufer
11)2. vthe had to field calls from irate customers — er musste wütende Kunden am Telefon abwimmeln (inf)
2) team, side aufs Feld or auf den Platz schicken3. vi (CRICKET, BASEBALL ETC)als Fänger spielen* * *field [fiːld]A s1. AGR Feld n:in the field auf dem Feld;field of barley Gerstenfeld2. MINERa) (Gold- etc) Feld nb) (Gruben)Feld n, Revier n, (Kohlen) Flöz n3. fig Bereich m, (Sach-, Fach)Gebiet n:in the field of art auf dem Gebiet der Kunst;in his field auf seinem Gebiet, in seinem Fach;field of activity Arbeitsgebiet, Tätigkeitsbereich;field of application Anwendungsbereich;field of law Rechtsgebiet4. a) (weite) Flächeb) MATH, PHYS Feld n:field of force Kraftfeld;c) (elektrisches oder magnetisches) Feld6. SPORTtake the field einlaufen, auf den Platz kommen ( → A 7);play the field umg sich nicht festlegen (wollen); alle gebotenen Chancen wahrnehmen, engS. nichts anbrennen lassen umg (sich keine Chancen bei Jungen bzw Mädchen entgehen lassen)b) Feld n (geschlossene Gruppe von Läufern etc):finish down the field im geschlagenen Feld endenc) Teilnehmer(feld) pl(n), Besetzung f, fig Wettbewerbsteilnehmer pl:good field starke Besetzung;fair field and no favo(u)r gleiche Bedingungen für alle7. MILa) meist poet Schlachtfeld n, (Feld)Schlacht fb) Feld n, Front f:the field of hono(u)r das Feld der Ehre;in the field im Felde, an der Front;take the field ins Feld rücken, den Kampf eröffnen ( → A 6 a);win the field den Sieg davontragen9. MED Operationsfeld n10. TV Feld n, Rasterbild n12. WIRTSCH Außendienst m, (praktischer) Einsatz:agent in the field Vertreter(in) im AußendienstB v/tb) einen Kandidaten etc ins Rennen schicken2. eine Frage etc kontern* * *1. noun2) (area rich in minerals etc.) Lagerstätte, diegas-field — Gasfeld, das
leave somebody a clear or the field — (fig.) jemandem das Feld überlassen
6) (area of operation, subject area, etc.) Fach, das; [Fach]gebiet, dasfield of vision or view — Blickfeld, das
7) (Phys.)2. intransitive verbmagnetic/gravitational field — Magnet-/Gravitationsfeld, das
(Cricket, Baseball, etc.) als Fänger spielen3. transitive verb2) (put into field) aufstellen, aufs Feld schicken [Mannschaft, Spieler]3) (fig.): (deal with) fertig werden mit; parieren [Fragen]* * *(agriculture) n.Acker -Ä m. (military) n.Einsatzgebiet n. n.Feld -er n.Gebiet -e n. -
12 mine
I 1. noungo or work down the mine — unter Tage arbeiten
2) (fig.): (abundant source) unerschöpfliche Quellehe is a mine of useful facts/of information — von ihm kann man eine Menge Nützliches/eine Menge erfahren
3) (explosive device) Mine, die2. transitive verb1) schürfen [Gold]; abbauen, fördern [Erz, Kohle, Schiefer]mine an area for ore — etc. in einem Gebiet Erz usw. abbauen od. fördern
2) (Mil.): (lay mines in) verminen3. intransitive verb II possessive pronoun1) pred. meiner/meine/mein[e]s; der/die/das meinige (geh.)you do your best and I'll do mine — du tust dein Bestes und ich auch
those big feet of mine — meine großen Quanten (ugs.); see also academic.ru/34614/hers">hers
2) attrib. (arch./poet.) mein* * *I pronoun(something which belongs to me: Are these pencils yours or mine? He is a friend of mine (= one of my friends).) mein/-eII 1. noun1) (a place (usually underground) from which metals, coal, salt etc are dug: a coalmine; My father worked in the mines.) die Mine2) (a type of bomb used underwater or placed just beneath the surface of the ground: The ship has been blown up by a mine.) die Mine2. verb2) (to place explosive mines in: They've mined the mouth of the river.) verminen3) (to blow up with mines: His ship was mined.) (durch Minen)sprengen•- miner- mining
- minefield* * *mine1[maɪn]an old friend of \mine eine alte Freundin von mirvictory is \mine der Sieg gehört mirmine2[maɪn]I. na diamond/copper \mine eine Diamanten-/Kupferminea coal \mine eine Kohlengrube, Kohlenzecheto work in [or down] the \mines unter Tage arbeitento clear an area of \mines ein Minenfeld räumenII. vt1. (obtain resources)to \mine coal/iron/diamonds Kohle/Eisen/Diamanten abbauen [o fördern]to \mine gold Gold schürfen2. (plant mines)to \mine an area ein Gebiet verminen3.III. vito \mine for coal/diamonds/silver/gold nach Kohle/Diamanten/Silber/Gold graben* * *I [maɪn]1. poss pronmeine(r, s)this car is mine — das ist MEIN Auto, dieses Auto gehört mir
is this mine? — gehört das mir?, ist das meine(r, s)?
his friends and mine — seine und meine Freunde
a friend of mine —
no advice of mine could... — keiner meiner Ratschläge konnte...
2. adj (obs)mein(e) II1. n1) (MIN) Bergwerk nt; (= gold mine, silver mine) Bergwerk nt, Mine f; (= coal mine) Zeche f, Bergwerk nt2) (MIL, NAUT ETC) Mine f3) (fig)he is a mine of information — er ist ein wandelndes Lexikon (inf)
2. vt3. viBergbau betreibenthey mined deep down into the mountain — sie trieben einen Stollen bis tief in den Berg hinein
* * *this hat is mine das ist mein Hut, dieser Hut gehört mir;a friend of mine ein Freund von mir;his father and mine sein und mein Vatermine2 [maın]A v/i1. minieren3. sich eingraben (Tiere)B v/t2. graben in (dat):mine an area for ore in einem Gebiet Erz abbauen oder fördern3. SCHIFF, MILa) verminenb) durch Minen oder eine Mine zerstören4. fig untergraben, unterminieren5. ausgrabenC s1. Mine f, Bergwerk n, Zeche f, Grube f2. SCHIFF, MIL Mine f:spring a mine eine Mine springen lassen (a. fig)3. fig Fundgrube f (of an dat):he’s a mine of information er ist eine gute oder reiche Informationsquelle4. BIOL Mine f, Fraßgang m* * *I 1. noungo or work down the mine — unter Tage arbeiten
2) (fig.): (abundant source) unerschöpfliche Quellehe is a mine of useful facts/of information — von ihm kann man eine Menge Nützliches/eine Menge erfahren
3) (explosive device) Mine, die2. transitive verb1) schürfen [Gold]; abbauen, fördern [Erz, Kohle, Schiefer]mine an area for ore — etc. in einem Gebiet Erz usw. abbauen od. fördern
2) (Mil.): (lay mines in) verminen3. intransitive verbII possessive pronounmine for — see 2. 1)
1) pred. meiner/meine/mein[e]s; der/die/das meinige (geh.)those big feet of mine — meine großen Quanten (ugs.); see also hers
2) attrib. (arch./poet.) mein* * *adj.mein adj.meiner adj. n.Bergwerk -e n. -
13 Spat
I Adj. late; es ist / wird spät it’s getting late; wie spät ist es / haben wir umg.? what time is it?; wie spät hast du’s? umg. what time do you make it?, Am. what time do you reckon it is?; so spät ist es schon? is it really that late?, is that the time?; dazu ist es jetzt zu spät it’s too late for that; dafür ist es nie zu spät it’s never too late (for that); gestern Abend wurde es spät it went on ( oder I was etc. up) till late last night; heute Abend wird’s wieder spät it’s going to be late again tonight; (ich komme spät von der Arbeit) auch I’ll be home ( oder back) late again tonight; am späten Nachmittag in the late afternoon, late in the afternoon; bis in die späten Nachtstunden till late at night; in den späten dreißiger Jahren in the late thirties; ein später Rembrandt a late (work by) Rembrandt; der späte Goethe the late(r) Goethe, Goethe in his later works; ein spätes Mädchen umg. an old maid; später III Adv. late; bes. fig. (zu später Stunde) at a late hour; (spät im Leben) late (on) in life; zu spät kommen be late (zu for); er kam fünf Minuten zu spät he was five minutes late; du kommst zu spät (für etw.) you’re too late; spät in der Nacht late at night; von früh bis spät from morning till night; spät aufstehen get up late; gewöhnlich: be a late riser; spät dran sein umg. be (running) late; du bist aber spät dran heute! you’re running late today, this is very late for you; später II* * *der Spatspar; spavin* * *[ʃpaːt]m -(e)s, -e* * *1) (coming etc after the expected or usual time: The train is late tonight; I try to be punctual but I am always late.) late2) (far on in the day or night: late in the day; late at night; It was very late when I got to bed.) late3) (far on in the day or night: They always go to bed late.) late* * *<-[e]s, -e>[ʃpa:t, pl ˈʃpɛ:tə]m spar* * *der; Spat[e]s, Spate od. Späte (Mineral.) spar* * *Spat1 m; -(e)s, -e und Späte; MINER sparSpat2 m; -(e)s, kein pl; VET spavin* * *der; Spat[e]s, Spate od. Späte (Mineral.) spar* * *nur sing. m.spavin n. -
14 dévorer
dévorer [devɔʀe]➭ TABLE 1 transitive verba. ( = manger) to devour• cet enfant dévore ! this child has a huge appetite!• dévorer qn/qch des yeux to eye sb/sth hungrilyb. [jalousie, maladie] to consume* * *devɔʀe1) ( consommer) to devour [nourriture, proie, livre]2) ( miner) [obsession, sentiment] to consume3) ( consumer) to eat up [kilomètres]* * *devɔʀe vt1) (= manger) [tigre] to devour, [personne affamée] to devour2) fig, [feu, soucis] to consume3) fig, [livres] to devourdévorer qn des yeux — to eye sb intently, (avec convoitise) to eye sb greedily
dévorer qn du regard — to eye sb intently, (avec convoitise) to eye sb greedily
dévorer qch des yeux; dévorer qch du regard — to eye sth intently, (avec convoitise) to eye sth greedily
* * *dévorer verb table: aimer vtr1 ( consommer) to devour [nourriture, proie, livre]; être dévoré par les moustiques to be eaten alive by mosquitoes; dévorer qn de baisers to smother sb with kisses; dévorer qn des yeux to devour sb with one's eyes;2 ( miner) [obsession, sentiment] to consume; dévoré d'ambition/de chagrin consumed with ambition/sorrow;[devɔre] verbe transitif1. [manger - suj: animal, personne] to devourdévoré par les moustiques eaten alive ou bitten to death by mosquitoesdévorer quelque chose des yeux ou du regard to stare hungrily ou to gaze greedily at somethingdévorer quelqu'un des yeux ou du regard to stare hungrily ou to gaze greedily at somebody3. [consommer] to use (up)dans mon métier, je dévore du papier/de la pellicule in my job I use (up) huge quantities of paper/of film4. [tenailler] to devourl'ambition le dévore he's eaten ou devoured by ambitionêtre dévoré par l'envie/la curiosité/les remords to be eaten up with envy/curiosity/remorse -
15 pick
I [pɪk] II [pɪk]1) (choice) scelta f.take your pick — scegli, prendine uno
2) (best)III 1. [pɪk]the pick of the crop — (fruit) la frutta di prima scelta
"pick a card" — "pesca una carta"
to pick a fight — attaccare briga; (physically) cercare la rissa
2) (navigate)to pick one's way through — camminare con cautela tra [rubble, litter]
3) (pluck, gather) cogliere [fruit, flowers]2.to pick sth. from o off togliere o staccare qcs. da; to pick one's nose mettersi le dita nel naso; to pick one's teeth pulirsi i denti (con uno stuzzicadenti); to pick a lock forzare una serratura; to pick sb.'s pocket — borseggiare qcn
verbo intransitivo (choose) scegliereto pick and choose — fare il difficile (among, between nella scelta tra)
- pick at- pick off- pick on- pick out- pick up* * *I 1. [pik] verb1) (to choose or select: Pick the one you like best.)2) (to take (flowers from a plant, fruit from a tree etc), usually by hand: The little girl sat on the grass and picked flowers.)3) (to lift (someone or something): He picked up the child.)4) (to unlock (a lock) with a tool other than a key: When she found that she had lost her key, she picked the lock with a hair-pin.)2. noun1) (whatever or whichever a person wants or chooses: Take your pick of these prizes.)2) (the best one(s) from or the best part of something: These grapes are the pick of the bunch.)•- pick-up
- pick and choose
- pick at
- pick someone's brains
- pick holes in
- pick off
- pick on
- pick out
- pick someone's pocket
- pick a quarrel/fight with someone
- pick a quarrel/fight with
- pick up
- pick up speed
- pick one's way II [pik] noun((also (British) pickaxe, (American) pickax - plural pickaxes) a tool with a heavy metal head pointed at one or both ends, used for breaking hard surfaces eg walls, roads, rocks etc.)* * *pick (1) /pɪk/n.1 piccone2 ( in genere) strumento appuntito (spec. nei composti, come toothpick, stuzzicadenti; ice-pick, piccozza)3 (mecc.) becco; picco; dente; tagliente4 (mus.) plettro● pick-mattock, gravina.pick (2) /pɪk/n.1 [u] scelta; selezione2 scelta; (il) fiore (fig.), (il) meglio4 (tipogr.) grumo d'inchiostro; macchia● the pick of the bunch, il fior fiore □ Take your pick!, scegli tu; prendine uno a scelta.♦ (to) pick /pɪk/v. t. e i.2 cavare, togliere ( con le dita); tirare su (o via); scrostare: to pick a hair off one's jacket, togliersi un capello dalla giacca4 scegliere; selezionare; cernere: ( sport) to pick a team, selezionare una squadra; He has been picked for Italy, è stato selezionato per la nazionale italiana5 lacerare; sbrindellare; stracciare; sfilacciare: to pick rags, lacerare stracci; to pick oakum, sfilacciare stoppa8 pulire; ripulire: to pick a bone clean, pulire (o scarnire, spolpare) un osso; to pick strawberries, ripulire le fragole ( dei calici e dei gambi)10 (fig.: di persona) piluccare ( frutta, ecc.); sbocconcellare; mangiucchiare: to pick grapes, piluccare l'uva13 ( sport) prendere: ( tennis) He failed to pick the passing shot, non è riuscito a prendere il passante14 ( sport) prendere ( nelle scommesse); indovinare: (ipp.) to pick the winner, prendere il cavallo vincente● to pick and choose, scegliere il meglio; esser difficile (o esigente, meticoloso): DIALOGO → - Asking about work 2- I can pick and choose which jobs I accept, posso permettermi di scegliere quali lavori accettare □ to pick and steal, rubare; fare man bassa □ to pick sb. 's brains, approfittare di q. ( più esperto); farsi dire da q. come si fa a fare qc. □ (polit.) to pick a Cabinet of technocrats, formare un governo di tecnici □ to pick a lock, far scattare una serratura (senza usare la chiave); forzare una serratura □ to pick one's nose, mettersi le dita nel naso □ to pick sb. 's pocket, borseggiare q. □ to pick a quarrel with sb., attaccar lite con q. □ to pick a scab, grattarsi (o tirarsi) via una crosta ( con le unghie) □ ( sport) to pick sides, schierarsi; formare squadre □ to pick to pieces, fare a pezzi; (fig.) analizzare; criticare, trovar da ridire su □ to pick one's way (o steps), procedere con grande cautela; guardare dove si mettono i piedi □ to pick one's words, scegliere le parole più adatte; parlare in punta di forchetta (fig.) □ (fig.) to have a bone to pick with sb., avere qc. da rimproverare a q.; avere un motivo di discordia con q.* * *I [pɪk] II [pɪk]1) (choice) scelta f.take your pick — scegli, prendine uno
2) (best)III 1. [pɪk]the pick of the crop — (fruit) la frutta di prima scelta
"pick a card" — "pesca una carta"
to pick a fight — attaccare briga; (physically) cercare la rissa
2) (navigate)to pick one's way through — camminare con cautela tra [rubble, litter]
3) (pluck, gather) cogliere [fruit, flowers]2.to pick sth. from o off togliere o staccare qcs. da; to pick one's nose mettersi le dita nel naso; to pick one's teeth pulirsi i denti (con uno stuzzicadenti); to pick a lock forzare una serratura; to pick sb.'s pocket — borseggiare qcn
verbo intransitivo (choose) scegliereto pick and choose — fare il difficile (among, between nella scelta tra)
- pick at- pick off- pick on- pick out- pick up -
16 mine
I.mine1 [maɪn]• which dress do you prefer, hers or mine? quelle robe préférez-vous, la sienne ou la mienne ?• I think that cousin of mine is responsible (inf) je pense que c'est mon cousin qui est responsableII.mine2 [maɪn]1. nounmine fa. [+ coal] extraireb. [+ sea, beach] miner* * *Note: In French, pronouns reflect the gender and number of the noun they are standing for. So mine is translated by le mien, la mienne, les miens, les miennes, according to what is being referred to: the blue car is mine = la voiture bleue est la mienne; his children are older than mine = ses enfants sont plus âgés que les miensFor examples and particular usages, see the entry belowI [maɪn]mine's a whisky — (colloq) un whisky pour moi
II 1. [maɪn]that brother of mine — gen mon frère; péj mon imbécile de frère (colloq)
1) lit, fig mine fto work in ou down the mines — travailler dans les mines
2) ( explosive) mine f2.to lay a mine — ( on land) poser une mine; ( in sea) mouiller une mine
transitive verb1) extraire [gems, mineral]; exploiter [area]2) Military miner [area]3.intransitive verb exploiter un gisementto mine for — extraire [gems, mineral]
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17 kamie|ń
m 1. (bryła skalna) rock, stone- kamień budowlany a building stone- dom/podmurówka z kamienia a stone house/foundation- posąg wykuty w kamieniu a figure carved in stone- ulica brukowana kamieniami a street paved with stone(s)- usiąść na przydrożnym kamieniu to sit on a rock by the road- zmarznięty a. zmrożony na kamień frozen (rock) solid2. (klejnot) stone, gem(stone)- kamień (pół)szlachetny a (semi-)precious stone- kamień syntetyczny a synthetic gemstone- kamień sztuczny a. czeski a fake gemstone- broszka wysadzana drogimi kamieniami a brooch set with precious stones- zegarek na siedemnastu kamieniach a 17-jewel wristwatch3. Techn. slide 4. zw. pl Med. calculus spec.; stone- kamienie nerkowe kidney stones; renal calculi spec.- kamień żółciowy a gallstone5. sgt Stomat. kamień nazębny tartar- usunąć kamień nazębny to remove tartar, to scrape and polish sb’s teeth6. sgt (osad) (lime)scale, fur GB- kamień kotłowy (lime)scale- usunąć kamień kotłowy to descale a boiler7. Gry piece 8. Górn. spoil U- □ siny kamień Chem. copper sulphate- kamień ałunowy Miner. alum rock a. stone, alunite- kamień filozoficzny philosopher’s stone także przen.- kamień litograficzny Druk. lithographic (lime)stone- kamień nagrobny gravestone, tombstone- kamień pamiątkowy commemorative stone- kamień szlifierski grindstone■ kamień by się poruszył a. wzruszył it would make a dead man a. a stone cry- kamień młyński (ciężar) millstone (round one’s neck)- ciężki jak kamień (as) heavy as a stone- kamień na kamieniu nie został no stone was left unturned- kamień spadł mu/mi z serca it was a load a. weight off his/my mind- zdjąć komuś kamień z serca to take a weight off sb’s mind- bodaj się tacy na kamieniu rodzili there should be more people like you/her/him/them (in the world)- być komuś kamieniem u szyi to be a millstone (a)round sb’s neck- (nie) być z kamienia pot. (not) to be made (out) of stone, (not) to be a machine- być a. stać się kamieniem obrazy dla kogoś to cause sb offence- gryźć kamienie pot. to go hungry- robota idzie jak z kamienia it’s hard a. uphill work- kląć w żywy kamień a. w żywe kamienie to turn the air blue, to curse a. swear like a sailor- przesiadywać a. siedzieć gdzieś kamieniem to hang around somewhere- przesiadywać a. siedzieć nad czymś kamieniem to be totally absorbed a. wrapped up in sth- spać jak kamień a. kamieniem to sleep like a log- przepaść a. zniknąć jak kamień w wodę to vanish without a trace, to vanish into thin air, to sink like a stoneThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > kamie|ń
-
18 undermine
1) (to make (eg a building) insecure by digging away or destroying the base or foundations: The road was being undermined by a stream.) miner2) (to weaken (eg a person's health or authority): Constant hard work had undermined his health.) miner -
19 mine
I.❢ In French, pronouns reflect the gender and number of the noun they are standing for. So mine is translated by le mien, la mienne, les miens, les miennes, according to what is being referred to: the blue car is mine = la voiture bleue est la mienne ; his children are older than mine = ses enfants sont plus âgés que les miens. For examples and particular usages, see the entry below. pron his car is red but mine is blue sa voiture est rouge mais la mienne est bleue ; the green pen is mine le stylo vert est le mien ; which glass is mine? lequel (de ces verres) est le mien?, mon verre c'est lequel ○ ? ; mine's a whisky ○ un whisky pour moi ; she's a friend of mine c'est une amie à moi ; he's no friend of mine! ce n'est pas un ami à moi! ; it's not mine ce n'est pas à moi ; the book isn't mine to lend you je ne peux pas te prêter ce livre, il n'est pas à moi ; mine is not an easy task fml ma tâche n'est pas facile ; that brother of mine péj mon imbécile de frère ○.II.A n1 Mining mine f ; to work in ou down the mines travailler dans les mines ; to go down the mine ( become a miner) descendre à la mine ;2 fig mine f ; to be a mine of information être une mine de renseignements ; to have a mine of experience to draw on pouvoir s'appuyer sur son expérience ;3 Mil ( explosive) mine f ; to lay a mine ( on land) poser une mine ; ( in sea) mouiller une mine ; to hit ou strike a mine heurter une mine.B vtr■ mine out:▶ mine out [sth], mine [sth] out extraire [mineral] ; exploiter [area, pit] ; the pit is completely mined out la mine est épuisée. -
20 Dörell, Georg Ludwig Wilhelm
SUBJECT AREA: Mining and extraction technology[br]b. 17 December 1793 Clausthal, Harz, Germanyd. 30 October 1854 Zellerfeld, Harz, Germany[br]German mining engineer who introduced the miner's elevator into the Harz Mountains.[br]After studying at the Freiberg Mining Academy he returned to his home region to serve in the mining administration, first at Clausthal. In 1848 he became an inspector of mines in Zellerfeld. He had become aware that in the early nineteenth century, when 500 m (1,640 ft) shafts were no longer unusual, devices other than ladders were needed for access to mines. Dörell found out that miners, in terms of physical strength, had to consume almost one-third more of their energy to climb up the shaft than they had to spend at work during the shift in the mine. Accordingly, in 1833 he constructed the miner's elevator. Two timbered bars, similar to those used for pumps, were installed in the shaft and were driven by water-wheel and moved in opposite directions. They were placed at such a distance from each other that the miners could easily step from one to the other in order to go up or down the shaft as desired.Dörell's elevators worked with great success and their use soon became widespread among Central European mining districts. Their use is particularly associated with Cornish tin-mines, where several such elevators operated over considerable distances.[br]Bibliography1837, "Über die seit dem Jahre 1833 beim Oberharzischen Bergbau angewendeten Fahrmaschinen", Die Bergwerks-Verwaltung des Hannoverschen Ober-Harzes in den Jahren 1831–1836, ed. W.A.J.Albert, Berlin, pp. 199–214.Further ReadingC.Bartels, 1992, Vom frühneuzeitlichen Montangewerbe zur Bergbauindustrie. Erzbergbau im Oberharz 1635–1880, Bochum: Deutsches Bergbau-Museum, esp. pp. 382–411 (elaborates upon the context of contemporary technological innovations in Harz ore mining).WKBiographical history of technology > Dörell, Georg Ludwig Wilhelm
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