Перевод: со всех языков на английский

с английского на все языки

(being+a+particular+one)

  • 81 casa

    f.
    1 house (edificio).
    ser de andar por casa to be simple o basic (sencillo)
    echar o tirar la casa por la ventana (figurative) to spare no expense
    empezar la casa por el tejado to put the cart before the horse
    casa Blanca White House
    casa de campo country house
    casa particular private house
    casa Rosada = Argentinian presidential palace (en Argentina)
    casa solariega ancestral home, family seat
    casa unifamiliar = house (usually detached) on an estate
    2 home.
    en casa at home
    ¿está tu hermano en casa? is your brother at home?
    buscar casa to look for somewhere to live
    cambiarse o mudarse de casa to move (house)
    ir a casa to go home
    pásate por mi casa come round to my place
    3 family (familia).
    casa real royal family
    ¡invita la casa! it's on the house!
    especialidad/vino de la casa house specialty/wine
    casa de apuestas betting shop
    casa de citas brothel
    casa de comidas = cheap restaurant serving simple meals
    casa discográfica record company
    casa de empeño pawnshop
    ¡esto es una casa de locos! (figurative) this place is a madhouse!
    casa de socorro first-aid post
    5 home (sport).
    jugar en casa to play at home
    jugar fuera de casa to play away (from home)
    el equipo de casa the home team
    6 business.
    7 CASA, Summit of the Americas Welcoming Committee.
    pres.indicat.
    3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: casar.
    * * *
    1 (vivienda) house
    2 (piso) flat
    3 (edificio) building
    4 (hogar) home
    5 (familia) family
    6 (linaje) house
    7 (empresa) firm, company
    \
    buscar casa to go house-hunting
    caerse la casa encima figurado not to be able to stand being in the house
    como Pedro por su casa figurado as if he (she, you, etc) owned the place
    de andar por casa (ropa) for wearing around the house 2 (procedimiento, arreglo) rough, makeshift
    echar la casa por la ventana / tirar la casa por la ventana figurado to spare no expense, push the boat out
    empezar la casa por el tejado figurado to put the cart before the horse
    hacer la casa familiar to do the housework
    jugar en casa DEPORTE to play at home
    llevar la casa figurado to run the house
    no parar en casa to never be at home
    no salir de casa not to go out
    pasar por casa to come round, come over
    poner casa to set up house
    ser muy de casa figurado to be home-loving
    casa de comidas eating house
    casa de huéspedes boarding house
    casa de juego gambling house
    casa de modas fashion house
    casa de pisos block of flats
    casa de socorro first aid post
    casa matriz / casa principal COMERCIO head office, central office
    * * *
    noun f.
    2) home
    4) firm, company
    * * *
    SF ABR Esp
    = Construcciones Aeronáuticas, S.A.
    * * *
    1)
    a) ( vivienda) house
    b) ( hogar) home

    a los 18 años se fue de casa or (AmL) de la casa — she left home at 18

    no está nunca en casa or (AmL) en la casa — he's never (at) home

    ¿estarás en casa esta tarde? — will you be at home o in this afternoon?

    ¿por qué no pasas por casa or (AmL) por la casa? — why don't you drop in o by?

    lo invito a cenar a su casa de usted — (Méx) please come over to dinner

    vivo en Lomas 38, su casa de usted — (Méx) I live at number 38 Lomas, where you will always be most welcome

    de or para andar por casa — < vestido> for wearing around the house; <definición/terminología> crude, rough

    se me/se le vino la casa encima — the bottom fell out of my/her world

    como Pedro por su casa — as if you/he/she owned the place (colloq)

    como una casa — (fam)

    una mentira como una casaa whopping great lie (colloq), a whopper (colloq)

    echar or tirar la casa por la ventana — to push the boat out

    empezar la casa por el tejadoto put the cart before the horse

    en la casa de la Guayaba (Méx fam) — miles away (colloq)

    ser muy de su casa — ( hogareño) to be very homeloving; ( hacendoso) to be very houseproud

    en casa del herrero, cuchillo de palo — the shoemaker's son always goes barefoot

    2) (Com)
    a) ( empresa) company, firm (BrE)
    b) (bar, restaurante)

    especialidad de la casahouse specialty (AmE), speciality of the house (BrE)

    3) ( dinastía) house
    4)
    a) (Dep)
    b) (Jueg) home
    * * *
    = home, house, household, townhouse [town-house], home front.
    Ex. It is recommended for a variety of applications, amongst which are records of suppliers, staff, household possessions and so on, and is likely to find users in both the home and business worlds.
    Ex. Qualifiers function as an integral part of the index terms, so that terms of the form 'Moving ( House)', 'Mergers (Industrial)' are created and used.
    Ex. For the two-car family, living in the countryside can present few problems, but most households are not in such an advantageous position.
    Ex. In comparing the residential experiences of single-family dwelling inhabitants with those living in townhouses, duplexes, & apartments, only apartment dwellers seem to experience adverse effects.
    Ex. The ongoing threat of terrorist attacks on North American soil and assets abroad, have brought asymmetric warfare to the home front.
    ----
    * alfabetización en casa = family literacy.
    * ama de casa = housewife [housewives, -pl.], homemaker, housekeeper.
    * amo de casa = homemaker.
    * artículos de la casa = household goods.
    * asuntos de la casa, los = home affairs.
    * banco en casa = home banking.
    * barrer para casa = look after + number one, feather + Posesivo/the + nest.
    * bata de casa = housedress.
    * cambiarse de casa = move + house.
    * casa adosada = terrace(d) house, terrace(d) home, townhouse [town-house], semidetached house, duplex, duplex house.
    * casa alquilada = house let.
    * casa ancestral = ancestral home.
    * Casa Blanca, la = White House, the.
    * casa comercial = house.
    * casa consistorial = civic hall.
    * casa de acogida = shelter home, foster home.
    * casa de beneficiencia = almshouse.
    * casa de campo = holiday home, country residence.
    * casa de empeño = pawnshop, hock shop [hockshop].
    * casa de huéspedes = guesthouse [guest house], bed and breakfast (B&B).
    * casa de ladrillos de adobe = mud-brick house.
    * casa de la moneda = mint.
    * casa de la playa = beach house.
    * casa del guarda = lodge.
    * casa de locos = lunatic asylum, madhouse, bedlam.
    * casa de los locos = asylum, mental asylum, madhouse.
    * casa del párroco = parsonage house, parsonage.
    * casa de madera = log house, wood house.
    * casa de maternidad = maternity home.
    * casa de muñecas = doll's house.
    * casa de oficios = vocational school.
    * casa de pisos = tenement, apartment block, apartment building, apartment complex.
    * casa de placer = house of pleasure, house of pleasure.
    * casa de putas = brothel, bawdy house [bawdyhouse].
    * casa de té = teahouse.
    * casa de tres plantas = three-storeyed house.
    * casa de troncos de madera = log house.
    * casa de vacaciones = vacation home.
    * casa de veraneo = holiday home.
    * casa editorial = publishing house.
    * casa frecuentada por los espíritus = haunted house.
    * casa móvil = mobile home.
    * casa pareada = duplex, duplex house.
    * casa parroquial = parsonage house, parsonage.
    * casa particular = private home.
    * casa piloto = show home, show house.
    * casa prefabricada = manufactured home, prefabricated house.
    * casa proveedora = components supplier.
    * casa remolque = mobile home.
    * casa rural = farmhouse.
    * casa rústica = cottage.
    * casa señorial = manor house, stately home.
    * casa social = community house.
    * casa solariega = ancestral home, country house, stately home, manor house.
    * cine en casa = home theatre, home cinema.
    * cocinero de casa = home cook.
    * comer en casa = eat in.
    * como en casa = like home (away) from home.
    * como en casa no se está en ningún sitio = there's no place like home.
    * compra desde casa = armchair shopping.
    * confinado a la casa = housebound [house-bound].
    * construcción de casas = building construction.
    * dueño de la casa = householder.
    * el enemigo en casa = the enemy within.
    * empezar la casa por el tejado = tail wagging the dog.
    * en casa = in the home.
    * en casa de herrero cuchillo de palo = the cobbler's children run barefoot.
    * encontrar casa = find + a home.
    * encontrarse en casa = be in.
    * enseñanza escolar en casa = homeschooling [home schooling].
    * equipo de casa = home team.
    * equipo de casa, el = home side, the.
    * escolarización en casa = homeschool, homeschooling [home schooling].
    * escolarizar en casa = homeschool.
    * especialidad de la casa, la = house specialty, the.
    * estar en casa = be in.
    * esterilla de la entrada de la casa = welcome mat.
    * estilo de la casa = house style.
    * fuera de la casa = out-of-home.
    * hacer que Algo se haga en casa = bring + Nombre + in-house.
    * hecho en casa = homespun, homemade.
    * hora de volver a casa = curfew.
    * imposibilitado para salir de casa = housebound [house-bound], homebound [home-bound].
    * ir a casa de = make + house calls.
    * irse a casa = go + home.
    * irse de casa = leave + home.
    * joven que huye de su casa = runaway.
    * lejía de casa = household bleach.
    * llave de la casa = house key.
    * llegar a casa = get + home.
    * llegar tarde a casa = stay out + late.
    * llevar a casa = bring + home.
    * llevarse los problemas a casa = bring + problems home.
    * menú de la casa = set menu.
    * mudarse de casa = move + house.
    * para el inglés su casa es su castillo = an Englishman's home is his castle.
    * partido que se juega en casa = home game.
    * partido que se juega fuera de casa = away game.
    * personas confinadas a permanecer en casa por cualquier impedimento, las = housebound, the.
    * personas que no pueden salir de casa = homebound, the.
    * pisar + Posesivo + casa = darken + Posesivo + door.
    * poner la casa al revés = turn + everything upside down.
    * poner la casa patas arriba = turn + the house upside down.
    * poner los pies en + Posesivo + casa = darken + Posesivo + door.
    * quedarse a dormir en la casa de un amigo = sleepover.
    * quedarse dentro de casa = stay + indoors.
    * quedarse en casa = stay + indoors.
    * quehaceres de la casa = housework.
    * que trabaja desde casa = home-based.
    * realización de los estudios escolares en casa = homeschooling [home schooling].
    * regresar a casa = go + home again.
    * regreso a casa = homecoming, journey home.
    * revolver toda la casa = turn + the house upside down.
    * ropa de casa = loungewear.
    * ropa de estar en casa = loungewear.
    * salir de casa = leave + home.
    * segunda casa = second home.
    * seguro de la casa = home insurance.
    * sentirse como en casa = feel + at home, feel like + home (away) from home.
    * tirar la casa por la ventana = lash out (on), go to + town on.
    * todo queda en casa = all in the family.
    * trabajador desde casa = homeworker.
    * trabajos de la casa = housework.
    * traer a casa = bring + back home.
    * vender de casa en casa = peddle.
    * volver a casa = go + home again.
    * volver la casa al revés = turn + everything upside down.
    * volver tarde a casa = stay out + late.
    * vuelta a casa = homecoming, journey home.
    * zona para casas móviles = mobile home park, trailer park.
    * * *
    1)
    a) ( vivienda) house
    b) ( hogar) home

    a los 18 años se fue de casa or (AmL) de la casa — she left home at 18

    no está nunca en casa or (AmL) en la casa — he's never (at) home

    ¿estarás en casa esta tarde? — will you be at home o in this afternoon?

    ¿por qué no pasas por casa or (AmL) por la casa? — why don't you drop in o by?

    lo invito a cenar a su casa de usted — (Méx) please come over to dinner

    vivo en Lomas 38, su casa de usted — (Méx) I live at number 38 Lomas, where you will always be most welcome

    de or para andar por casa — < vestido> for wearing around the house; <definición/terminología> crude, rough

    se me/se le vino la casa encima — the bottom fell out of my/her world

    como Pedro por su casa — as if you/he/she owned the place (colloq)

    como una casa — (fam)

    una mentira como una casaa whopping great lie (colloq), a whopper (colloq)

    echar or tirar la casa por la ventana — to push the boat out

    empezar la casa por el tejadoto put the cart before the horse

    en la casa de la Guayaba (Méx fam) — miles away (colloq)

    ser muy de su casa — ( hogareño) to be very homeloving; ( hacendoso) to be very houseproud

    en casa del herrero, cuchillo de palo — the shoemaker's son always goes barefoot

    2) (Com)
    a) ( empresa) company, firm (BrE)
    b) (bar, restaurante)

    especialidad de la casahouse specialty (AmE), speciality of the house (BrE)

    3) ( dinastía) house
    4)
    a) (Dep)
    b) (Jueg) home
    * * *
    = home, house, household, townhouse [town-house], home front.

    Ex: It is recommended for a variety of applications, amongst which are records of suppliers, staff, household possessions and so on, and is likely to find users in both the home and business worlds.

    Ex: Qualifiers function as an integral part of the index terms, so that terms of the form 'Moving ( House)', 'Mergers (Industrial)' are created and used.
    Ex: For the two-car family, living in the countryside can present few problems, but most households are not in such an advantageous position.
    Ex: In comparing the residential experiences of single-family dwelling inhabitants with those living in townhouses, duplexes, & apartments, only apartment dwellers seem to experience adverse effects.
    Ex: The ongoing threat of terrorist attacks on North American soil and assets abroad, have brought asymmetric warfare to the home front.
    * alfabetización en casa = family literacy.
    * ama de casa = housewife [housewives, -pl.], homemaker, housekeeper.
    * amo de casa = homemaker.
    * artículos de la casa = household goods.
    * asuntos de la casa, los = home affairs.
    * banco en casa = home banking.
    * barrer para casa = look after + number one, feather + Posesivo/the + nest.
    * bata de casa = housedress.
    * cambiarse de casa = move + house.
    * casa adosada = terrace(d) house, terrace(d) home, townhouse [town-house], semidetached house, duplex, duplex house.
    * casa alquilada = house let.
    * casa ancestral = ancestral home.
    * Casa Blanca, la = White House, the.
    * casa comercial = house.
    * casa consistorial = civic hall.
    * casa de acogida = shelter home, foster home.
    * casa de beneficiencia = almshouse.
    * casa de campo = holiday home, country residence.
    * casa de empeño = pawnshop, hock shop [hockshop].
    * casa de huéspedes = guesthouse [guest house], bed and breakfast (B&B).
    * casa de ladrillos de adobe = mud-brick house.
    * casa de la moneda = mint.
    * casa de la playa = beach house.
    * casa del guarda = lodge.
    * casa de locos = lunatic asylum, madhouse, bedlam.
    * casa de los locos = asylum, mental asylum, madhouse.
    * casa del párroco = parsonage house, parsonage.
    * casa de madera = log house, wood house.
    * casa de maternidad = maternity home.
    * casa de muñecas = doll's house.
    * casa de oficios = vocational school.
    * casa de pisos = tenement, apartment block, apartment building, apartment complex.
    * casa de placer = house of pleasure, house of pleasure.
    * casa de putas = brothel, bawdy house [bawdyhouse].
    * casa de té = teahouse.
    * casa de tres plantas = three-storeyed house.
    * casa de troncos de madera = log house.
    * casa de vacaciones = vacation home.
    * casa de veraneo = holiday home.
    * casa editorial = publishing house.
    * casa frecuentada por los espíritus = haunted house.
    * casa móvil = mobile home.
    * casa pareada = duplex, duplex house.
    * casa parroquial = parsonage house, parsonage.
    * casa particular = private home.
    * casa piloto = show home, show house.
    * casa prefabricada = manufactured home, prefabricated house.
    * casa proveedora = components supplier.
    * casa remolque = mobile home.
    * casa rural = farmhouse.
    * casa rústica = cottage.
    * casa señorial = manor house, stately home.
    * casa social = community house.
    * casa solariega = ancestral home, country house, stately home, manor house.
    * cine en casa = home theatre, home cinema.
    * cocinero de casa = home cook.
    * comer en casa = eat in.
    * como en casa = like home (away) from home.
    * como en casa no se está en ningún sitio = there's no place like home.
    * compra desde casa = armchair shopping.
    * confinado a la casa = housebound [house-bound].
    * construcción de casas = building construction.
    * dueño de la casa = householder.
    * el enemigo en casa = the enemy within.
    * empezar la casa por el tejado = tail wagging the dog.
    * en casa = in the home.
    * en casa de herrero cuchillo de palo = the cobbler's children run barefoot.
    * encontrar casa = find + a home.
    * encontrarse en casa = be in.
    * enseñanza escolar en casa = homeschooling [home schooling].
    * equipo de casa = home team.
    * equipo de casa, el = home side, the.
    * escolarización en casa = homeschool, homeschooling [home schooling].
    * escolarizar en casa = homeschool.
    * especialidad de la casa, la = house specialty, the.
    * estar en casa = be in.
    * esterilla de la entrada de la casa = welcome mat.
    * estilo de la casa = house style.
    * fuera de la casa = out-of-home.
    * hacer que Algo se haga en casa = bring + Nombre + in-house.
    * hecho en casa = homespun, homemade.
    * hora de volver a casa = curfew.
    * imposibilitado para salir de casa = housebound [house-bound], homebound [home-bound].
    * ir a casa de = make + house calls.
    * irse a casa = go + home.
    * irse de casa = leave + home.
    * joven que huye de su casa = runaway.
    * lejía de casa = household bleach.
    * llave de la casa = house key.
    * llegar a casa = get + home.
    * llegar tarde a casa = stay out + late.
    * llevar a casa = bring + home.
    * llevarse los problemas a casa = bring + problems home.
    * menú de la casa = set menu.
    * mudarse de casa = move + house.
    * para el inglés su casa es su castillo = an Englishman's home is his castle.
    * partido que se juega en casa = home game.
    * partido que se juega fuera de casa = away game.
    * personas confinadas a permanecer en casa por cualquier impedimento, las = housebound, the.
    * personas que no pueden salir de casa = homebound, the.
    * pisar + Posesivo + casa = darken + Posesivo + door.
    * poner la casa al revés = turn + everything upside down.
    * poner la casa patas arriba = turn + the house upside down.
    * poner los pies en + Posesivo + casa = darken + Posesivo + door.
    * quedarse a dormir en la casa de un amigo = sleepover.
    * quedarse dentro de casa = stay + indoors.
    * quedarse en casa = stay + indoors.
    * quehaceres de la casa = housework.
    * que trabaja desde casa = home-based.
    * realización de los estudios escolares en casa = homeschooling [home schooling].
    * regresar a casa = go + home again.
    * regreso a casa = homecoming, journey home.
    * revolver toda la casa = turn + the house upside down.
    * ropa de casa = loungewear.
    * ropa de estar en casa = loungewear.
    * salir de casa = leave + home.
    * segunda casa = second home.
    * seguro de la casa = home insurance.
    * sentirse como en casa = feel + at home, feel like + home (away) from home.
    * tirar la casa por la ventana = lash out (on), go to + town on.
    * todo queda en casa = all in the family.
    * trabajador desde casa = homeworker.
    * trabajos de la casa = housework.
    * traer a casa = bring + back home.
    * vender de casa en casa = peddle.
    * volver a casa = go + home again.
    * volver la casa al revés = turn + everything upside down.
    * volver tarde a casa = stay out + late.
    * vuelta a casa = homecoming, journey home.
    * zona para casas móviles = mobile home park, trailer park.

    * * *
    Casa Amarilla (↑ casa a1), Casa Rosada (↑ casa aa1)
    A
    1 (vivienda) house
    está buscando casa she's looking for somewhere to live
    cambiarse or mudarse de casa to move, move house
    todavía no nos han ofrecido la casa they still haven't invited us to see the house
    casa or casita del perro caseta f 3. (↑ caseta)
    2 (hogar) home
    a los 18 años se fue de casa or ( AmL) de la casa she left home at 18
    no está nunca en casa or ( AmL) en la casa he's never (at) home
    ¿por qué no pasas por casa or ( AmL) por la casa? why don't you drop in o by?
    voy a preguntar en casa or ( AmL) en la casa I'll ask at home
    está en su casa make yourself at home
    lo invito a cenar a su casa de usted ( Méx); please come over to dinner
    ¿dónde vive? — en Lomas 38, su casa de usted ( Méx); where do you live? — at number 38 Lomas, where you will always be most welcome
    no soy de la casa I don't live here
    decidió poner casa en Toledo she decided to go and live in Toledo
    le ha puesto casa a su querida he's set his mistress up in a house ( o an apartment etc)
    los padres les ayudaron a poner la casa their parents helped them to set up house
    de andar or para andar por casa ‹vestido› house ( before n), for wearing around the house;
    ‹definición/terminología› crude, rough
    caérsele or venírsele a algn la casa encima: cuando no aprobó el examen se le vino la casa encima when she failed the exam, the bottom fell out of her world o her whole world came crashing down around her ears
    como Pedro or Perico or Pepe por su casa as if you/he/she owned the place ( colloq)
    como una casa ( fam): una mentira como una casa a whopping great lie ( colloq), an out-and-out lie
    un error grande como una casa a glaring o terrible mistake
    echar or tirar or ( Ven) botar la casa por la ventana to push the boat out
    para la boda de su hija tiró la casa por la ventana he spared no expense o he really went overboard o he really pushed the boat out for his daughter's wedding
    empezar la casa por el tejado to put the cart before the horse
    en la casa de la Guayaba ( fam) or ( vulg) de la chingada ( Méx); miles away ( colloq)
    ser muy de su casa (hogareño) to be very homeloving, be a real homebody ( AmE) o ( BrE) homelover; (hacendoso) to be very houseproud
    en casa del herrero, cuchillo de palo or ( Col) azadón de palo the shoemaker's son always goes barefoot
    cada uno en su casa y Dios en la de todos each to his own and God watching over everyone
    B ( Com)
    1 (empresa) company, firm ( BrE)
    la casa Mega lanzó ayer su último modelo Mega launched their latest model yesterday
    2
    (bar, restaurante): vino de la casa house wine
    especialidad de la casa house specialty ( AmE), speciality of the house ( BrE)
    invita la casa it's on the house
    es un obsequio de la casa with the compliments of the management
    C (dinastía) house
    la casa de los Borbones the House of Bourbon
    D
    1 ( Dep):
    Wanderers perdió en casa Wanderers lost at home
    los de casa juegan de amarillo the home team are in yellow
    2 ( Jueg) home
    E ( Astrol) house
    Compuestos:
    semi-detached/terraced house
    (en CR, Ven) Presidential Palace
    White House
    head office, headquarters ( sing o pl)
    clubhouse
    town hall
    ( Chi) (reformatorio) reformatory ( for girls) ( AmE), young offenders' institution ( for girls) ( BrE); (cárcel) women's prison
    police station ( including living quarters)
    children's home
    refuge
    (CS) maisonette
    ( Méx) boardinghouse, rooming house ( AmE)
    bathhouse, baths (pl)
    children's home
    bureau de change
    country house, house in the country
    ( RPl) apartment house o building ( AmE), block of flats ( BrE)
    House of God
    record company
    (CS) (universidad) university, college; (facultad) faculty
    (en algunos países) Presidential Palace
    boardinghouse, rooming house ( AmE)
    ( RPl) tenement house
    A ( Fin) mint
    B (en Chi) Presidential Palace
    ( ant); brothel
    ( fam); madhouse ( colloq)
    House of God
    ( Chi) reformatory ( AmE), young offenders' institution ( BrE)
    fashion house
    dollhouse ( AmE), doll's house ( BrE)
    lunatic asylum
    tenement house ( Esp)
    coaching inn
    ( vulg); whorehouse ( vulg)
    casa de reposo or salud
    (CS) nursing home, convalescent home
    first-aid post
    ( AmL) brothel
    ( Méx) tenement house
    tenement house
    record company
    publishing house
    house boat
    ( Chi) dwelling
    head office, headquarters ( sing o pl)
    (Col, Méx) casa piloto
    model home ( AmE), show house ( BrE)
    brothel
    Royal Household
    refuge o hostel for battered women
    (CS, Ven) mobile home, trailer ( AmE), caravan ( BrE)
    (en Arg) Presidential Palace
    ( Esp); holiday cottage
    ancestral home
    * * *

     

    Del verbo casar: ( conjugate casar)

    casa es:

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo

    2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo

    Multiple Entries:
    casa    
    casar
    casa sustantivo femenino
    1


    casita del perro kennel;
    casa adosada or pareada semi-detached o terraced house;
    Ccasa Blanca White House;
    casa de acogida refuge;
    casa de huéspedes boardinghouse;
    casa de socorro first-aid post;
    casa de vecinos or (Méx) de vecindad tenement house;
    Ccasa Real Royal Household;
    casa refugio refuge o hostel for battered women;
    casa rodante (CS) trailer (AmE), caravan (BrE)
    b) ( hogar) home;

    a los 18 años se fue de casa or (AmL) de la casa she left home at 18;
    no está nunca en casa or ( AmL) en la casa he's never (at) home;

    ¿por qué no pasas por casa or (AmL) por la casa? why don't you drop in?;
    de or para andar por casa ‹ vestido for wearing around the house;

    definición/terminología crude, rough;
    echar or tirar la casa por la ventana to push the boat out
    2
    a) ( empresa) company, firm (BrE);


    casa de cambios bureau de change
    b) (bar, restaurante):


    invita la casa it's on the house
    3 (Dep):

    casar ( conjugate casar) verbo transitivo [cura/juez] to marry
    verbo intransitivo

    [ piezas] to fit together;
    [ cuentas] to match, tally
    b) ( armonizar) [colores/estilos] to go together;

    casa con algo to go well with sth
    casarse verbo pronominal
    to get married;

    se casó con un abogado she married a lawyer;
    casase en segundas nupcias to marry again, to remarry
    casa sustantivo femenino
    1 (edificio) house ➣ Ver nota en chalet
    2 (hogar) home: vete a casa, go home
    estábamos en casa de Rosa, we were at Rosa's
    hay mucha gente que no tiene casa, there are a lot of homeless people
    3 (empresa) company, firm
    casa matriz, head office
    4 (estirpe) la casa de los Austria, the House of Habsburg
    5 casa de empeños, pawnshop
    casa de huéspedes, boarding house
    familiar casa de locos, madhouse
    casa de socorro, first aid post
    casa de la villa, town hall
    ♦ Locuciones: tengo que salir a pasear, si no, se me cae la casa encima, I've got to go out for a walk or this house is going to drive me up the wall
    familiar como Pedro por su casa, as if I/you/he owned the place
    de andar por casa, (ropa) everyday
    (explicación) crude, rough
    no parar en casa, to be on the go
    tirar la casa por la ventana, to roll out the red carpet
    casar
    I verbo transitivo (unir en matrimonio) to marry
    (dar en matrimonio) to marry (off): casó muy bien a sus dos hijos, she successfully married off her two sons
    II verbo intransitivo (encajar) to match, go o fit together: las cuentas no le casan, he can't make the figures balance, figurado things don't seem to be right to him

    ' casa' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    A
    - abajo
    - abstraerse
    - acercar
    - acoger
    - acogedor
    - acogedora
    - acuerdo
    - adosada
    - adosado
    - afuera
    - agencia
    - ajena
    - ajeno
    - alquilar
    - alquiler
    - ama
    - amañarse
    - amo
    - ampliación
    - andar
    - antirrobo
    - arriba
    - así
    - ático
    - atusar
    - aviar
    - barrer
    - bata
    - benjamín
    - benjamina
    - bienvenida
    - bienvenido
    - borde
    - cabida
    - cacho
    - calentar
    - cambiar
    - camino
    - cara
    - cargar
    - carpintería
    - casera
    - casero
    - chalet
    - cocina
    - comedor
    - comedora
    - consentir
    - convivir
    English:
    address
    - advantage
    - agent
    - amenities
    - ancestral
    - anyone
    - appraisal
    - appreciate
    - approximately
    - around-the clock
    - as
    - ask round
    - at
    - attractive
    - back
    - be
    - bed
    - before
    - below
    - better
    - big
    - blast away
    - bleak
    - boarding house
    - body
    - bookshelf
    - break into
    - built-in
    - burglar alarm
    - burglarize
    - burglary
    - busline
    - bustle
    - buyer
    - call
    - caller
    - care
    - caretaker
    - clean up
    - come out
    - congregate
    - convenience
    - cottage
    - curious
    - customary
    - cut out
    - daily
    - dear
    - decorate
    - design
    * * *
    casa nf
    1. [edificio] house;
    [apartamento] Br flat, US apartment;
    vivo en una casa de tres plantas my house has got three floors;
    vivimos en una casa de alquiler we live in rented accommodation;
    buscar casa to look for somewhere to live;
    cambiarse o [m5] mudarse de casa to move (house);
    de casa en casa house-to-house;
    se le cae la casa encima [se deprime] it's the end of the world for him;
    Fam
    como una casa [enorme] massive;
    dijo un disparate como una casa he made a totally ludicrous remark;
    una mentira como una casa a whopping great lie;
    un fuera de juego como una casa a blindingly obvious offside;
    echar o [m5] tirar la casa por la ventana to spare no expense;
    para comprarse un coche tan caro, tiró la casa por la ventana he spared no expense when he bought that car;
    empezar la casa por el tejado to put the cart before the horse
    casa adosada Br terraced house, US row house;
    casa de altos Am salvo RP [edificio] multistorey building;
    CSur, Perú [casa de arriba] upstairs Br flat o US apartment;
    casa de apartamentos Br block of flats, US apartment building;
    Casa Blanca [en Estados Unidos] White House;
    casa de campo country house;
    casa y comida board and lodging;
    Esp casa cuartel [de la Guardia Civil] = police station also used as living quarters by Guardia Civil; Arg casa de departamentos Br block of flats, US apartment building; Am casa habitación residential building; RP casa de inquilinato = communal dwelling where poor families each live in a single room and share bathroom and kitchen with others;
    casa de labor farmhouse;
    casa de labranza farmhouse;
    Méx casa llena:
    con casa llena [en béisbol] with the bases loaded;
    Casa de la Moneda [en Chile] = Chile's presidential palace;
    casa de muñecas Br doll's house, US dollhouse;
    casa natal: [m5] la casa natal de Goya the house where Goya was born;
    casa parroquial priest's house, presbytery;
    casa piloto show house;
    casa de postas posthouse, inn;
    RP casa rodante Br caravan, US trailer;
    Casa Rosada [en Argentina] = Argentinian presidential palace;
    casa semiadosada semi-detached house;
    casa solariega ancestral home, family seat;
    casa unifamiliar = house, usually detached, on an estate;
    casa de vecindad tenement house
    2. [hogar] home;
    bienvenido a casa welcome home;
    en casa at home;
    ¿está tu hermano en casa? is your brother at home?;
    me quedé en casa leyendo I stayed at home and read a book;
    en casa se cena pronto we have dinner early at home;
    estar de casa to be casually dressed;
    unas zapatillas de ir por casa slippers for wearing around the house;
    pásate por (mi) casa come round, come over to my place;
    ir a casa to go home;
    irse de casa to leave home;
    me fui de casa a los dieciséis años I left home at sixteen;
    franquear la casa a alguien to open one's home to sb;
    generalmente es la mujer la que lleva la casa it's usually the woman who runs the household;
    no para en casa he's hardly ever at home;
    no tener casa ni hogar to be homeless;
    ponte como en tu casa, estás en tu casa make yourself at home;
    sin casa homeless;
    había varios sin casa durmiendo a la intemperie there were several homeless people sleeping rough;
    hemos recogido a un niño sin casa we've taken in a child from a broken home;
    Esp
    quiere poner casa en Valencia she wants to go and live in Valencia;
    sentirse como en casa to feel at home;
    ser (uno) muy de su casa to be a homebody;
    Fam
    como Pedro por su casa: entra y sale como Pedro por su casa she comes in and out as if she owns the place;
    todo queda en casa: nadie se enterará de tu despiste, todo queda en casa no one will find out about your mistake, we'll keep it between ourselves;
    el padre y el hijo dirigen el negocio, así que todo queda en casa the business is run by father and son, so it's all in the family;
    Esp Fam
    los unos por los otros y la casa sin barrer everybody said they'd do it and nobody did;
    Esp Fam
    esto parece la casa de tócame Roque everyone just does whatever they want in here, it's like Liberty Hall in here;
    cada uno en su casa, y Dios en la de todos = you should mind your own business;
    en casa del herrero cuchillo de palo the shoemaker's wife is always worst shod
    casa mortuoria home of the deceased;
    casa paterna parental home
    3. [familia] family;
    [linaje] house;
    procede de una de las mejores casas de la ciudad she comes from one of the most important families in the city
    Hist la casa de Austria the Hapsburgs; Hist la casa de Borbón the Bourbons;
    casa real royal family
    4. [establecimiento] company;
    este producto lo fabrican varias casas this product is made by several different companies;
    por la compra de un televisor, la casa le regala una radio buy a television and we'll give you a radio for free;
    ¡invita la casa! it's on the house!;
    especialidad/vino de la casa house speciality/wine
    casa de apuestas bookmaker's, Br betting shop; Méx casa de asistencia boarding house;
    casa de banca banking house;
    Com casa central head office;
    casa de citas brothel;
    casa de comidas = cheap restaurant serving simple meals;
    casa discográfica record company;
    casa editorial publishing house;
    casa de empeño pawnshop;
    casa de empeños pawnshop;
    casa exportadora exporter;
    casa de huéspedes Br ≈ guesthouse, US ≈ rooming house;
    casa importadora importer;
    casa de lenocinio house of ill repute;
    Com casa matriz [de empresa] head office; [de grupo de empresas] parent company;
    casa pública brothel;
    muy Fam casa de putas whorehouse;
    casa de subastas auction house, auctioneer's;
    Am casa de tolerancia brothel
    5. [institución, organismo] RP casa bancaria savings bank;
    casa de baños public bathhouse;
    Fin casa de cambio Br bureau de change, US foreign-exchange bureau;
    casa de caridad poorhouse;
    casa consistorial Br town o US city hall;
    casa de correos post office;
    casa cuna [orfanato] foundling home;
    [guardería] nursery;
    casa de Dios house of God;
    CSur casa de estudios educational establishment; Am casa de gobierno = workplace of the head of state, governor, mayor etc;
    casa de locos madhouse;
    Fig
    ¡esto es una casa de locos! this place is a madhouse!;
    casa de la moneda [fábrica] mint;
    casa del pueblo = village social club run by local council;
    casa rectoral rectory;
    casa regional = social club for people from a particular region (in another region or abroad);
    casa religiosa [de monjas] convent;
    [de monjes] monastery; RP casa de reposo rest home; RP casa de salud rest home;
    casa del Señor house of God;
    casa de socorro first-aid station o Br post;
    casa de la villa town hall
    6. CSur
    las casas [en estancia, hacienda] the farmstead
    7. Dep home;
    jugar en casa to play at home;
    jugar fuera de casa to play away (from home);
    el equipo de casa the home team
    8. [en juegos de mesa] home
    9. [casilla de ajedrez, damas] square
    10. casa celeste [en astrología] house
    CASA ROSADA
    Casa Rosada (the “pink house”) in Buenos Aires, is the name of the Argentinian Presidential Palace. Its pink colour was originally chosen (for an earlier building) by president Domingo Sarmiento (1868-74) to represent a combination between the two feuding political traditions of nineteenth century Argentina – red for the Federalists and white for the Unitarians. Argentina's presidents have addressed the people from the balcony of the palace, but the most famous orator to use it was Evita Peron, so there was a huge controversy when film director Alan Parker obtained permission to use the balcony when filming his musical “Evita” in 1997, with Madonna in the title role.
    * * *
    f
    1 house;
    como una casa fam huge fam ;
    comenzar la casa por el tejado fig put the cart before the horse;
    tirar la casa por la ventana spare no expense;
    se me cayó la casa encima fig the bottom fell out of my world
    2 DEP
    :
    jugar en casa play at home;
    jugar fuera de casa play away, play on the road
    3 ( hogar) home;
    en casa at home;
    estás en tu casa make yourself at home;
    de andar por casa ropa for (wearing) around the house; fig: arreglo makeshift;
    llevar la casa run the home;
    ser muy de su casa be a real home-lover;
    todo queda en casa everything stays in the family
    * * *
    casa nf
    1) : house, building
    2) hogar: home
    3) : household, family
    4) : company, firm
    5)
    echar la casa por la ventana : to spare no expense
    * * *
    casa n
    1. (en general) house
    2. (hogar) home
    3. (empresa) company

    Spanish-English dictionary > casa

  • 82 desagradable

    adj.
    1 unpleasant.
    2 disagreeable, distasteful, unpleasant, displeasing.
    * * *
    1 disagreeable, unpleasant
    * * *
    adj.
    unpleasant, disagreeable
    * * *
    ADJ unpleasant, disagreeable más frm
    * * *
    adjetivo <respuesta/comentario> unkind; <ruido/sensación> unpleasant, disagreeable; <escena/sorpresa> unpleasant; <tiempo/clima> unpleasant, horrible
    * * *
    = off-putting, unwelcome, unpleasant, disagreeable, unkind, obnoxious, peevish, distasteful, unappealing, seamy [seamier -comp., seamiest -sup.], unsavoury [unsavory, -USA], unpalatable, unsightly, minging, abrasive, nasty [natier -comp., nastiest -sup.], unwholesome, insalubrious, invidious, ill-natured.
    Ex. Some children are prepared to patronize the shop, and use it in quite a different way, when they find the library (however well run) stuffy or off-putting.
    Ex. The faithful adherents of the ideology of the finding catalog were determined to combat the unwelcome intrusion of Panizzi's scheme before the Royal Commission.
    Ex. And, as if by way of indicating that he had thrown down the gauntlet, he added, 'I can be unpleasant. I warn you'.
    Ex. Then I came within this disagreeable person's atmosphere, and lo! before I know what's happened I'm involved in an unpleasant altercation.
    Ex. The enumeration at 940.5316: Children and other noncombatants; Pacifists; Enemy sympathizers seems a little unkind, if nothing else.
    Ex. During the war a law was passed to limit the consumption of newsprint by ' obnoxious newspapers' and even reducing it to nil = Durante la guerra se aprobó una ley para limitar el consumo de papel de periódico por los llamados "periódicos detestables" e incluso reducirlo a cero.
    Ex. In 1912 a group of women library students were accused of lacking a sense of proportion, being peevish and being absorbed in small details.
    Ex. The physical effort of keeping tabs on people as well as the distasteful practice of checking up on staff output achieves nothing and may do considerable damage.
    Ex. In addition, it is pointed out that tourists often have a strange fascination for tragic, macabre or other equally unappealing historical sights.
    Ex. In general, the writer explains, crimes are depicted in such a way that they are associated with seamy characters who have little regard for conventional morality.
    Ex. Despite the unsavory characters, bawdiness, and amorality in several of his plays, Middleton was more committed to a single theological system than, for example, Shakespeare.
    Ex. The article is entitled 'Spam is unpalatable any way it's served up: things you can do to reduce the amount of unwanted e-mail'.
    Ex. He went on to explain that while there were no unsightly slums, there was a fairly large district of rather nondescript homes intermingled with plain two- and three-family brick and frame dwellings, principally in the eastern reaches of the city.
    Ex. Everyone is attractive to someone, there is no such thing as a minger, but there are many people who I think are minging.
    Ex. She wanted to say: 'You are a conceited, obstinate, inflexible, manipulative, pompous, close-minded, insensitive, abrasive, opinionated, platitudinous oaf!'.
    Ex. Anthony Datto thanked them for having permitted him to unburden himself and after a few desultory remarks about the nasty weather and nothing in particular, they parted.
    Ex. The text raises the possibility that there might be something unwholesome in the Buddhist obsession with hell.
    Ex. Specific actions are those which are intended to reinforce the fight against specific medical conditions related to insalubrious living.
    Ex. Within the ranks of authorship therefore there are many types of author and it is invidious to claim that one sort is necessarily 'better' than another.
    Ex. Always snivelling, coughing, spitting; a stupid, tedious, ill-natured fellow, who was for ever fatiguing people.
    ----
    * algo desagradable a la vista = a blot on the landscape.
    * darle a Uno escalofríos por Algo desagradable = make + Nombre + flinch.
    * de sabor desagradable = unpalatable.
    * desagradable a la vista = eyesore.
    * encontrarse con una sorpresa desagradable = rude awakening + be in store, be in for a rude awakening.
    * esperar una sorpresa desagradable = rude awakening + be in store, be in for a rude awakening.
    * lo desagradable = unpleasantness.
    * situación desagradable = unpleasantness.
    * sorpresa desagradable = rude awakening.
    * * *
    adjetivo <respuesta/comentario> unkind; <ruido/sensación> unpleasant, disagreeable; <escena/sorpresa> unpleasant; <tiempo/clima> unpleasant, horrible
    * * *
    = off-putting, unwelcome, unpleasant, disagreeable, unkind, obnoxious, peevish, distasteful, unappealing, seamy [seamier -comp., seamiest -sup.], unsavoury [unsavory, -USA], unpalatable, unsightly, minging, abrasive, nasty [natier -comp., nastiest -sup.], unwholesome, insalubrious, invidious, ill-natured.

    Ex: Some children are prepared to patronize the shop, and use it in quite a different way, when they find the library (however well run) stuffy or off-putting.

    Ex: The faithful adherents of the ideology of the finding catalog were determined to combat the unwelcome intrusion of Panizzi's scheme before the Royal Commission.
    Ex: And, as if by way of indicating that he had thrown down the gauntlet, he added, 'I can be unpleasant. I warn you'.
    Ex: Then I came within this disagreeable person's atmosphere, and lo! before I know what's happened I'm involved in an unpleasant altercation.
    Ex: The enumeration at 940.5316: Children and other noncombatants; Pacifists; Enemy sympathizers seems a little unkind, if nothing else.
    Ex: During the war a law was passed to limit the consumption of newsprint by ' obnoxious newspapers' and even reducing it to nil = Durante la guerra se aprobó una ley para limitar el consumo de papel de periódico por los llamados "periódicos detestables" e incluso reducirlo a cero.
    Ex: In 1912 a group of women library students were accused of lacking a sense of proportion, being peevish and being absorbed in small details.
    Ex: The physical effort of keeping tabs on people as well as the distasteful practice of checking up on staff output achieves nothing and may do considerable damage.
    Ex: In addition, it is pointed out that tourists often have a strange fascination for tragic, macabre or other equally unappealing historical sights.
    Ex: In general, the writer explains, crimes are depicted in such a way that they are associated with seamy characters who have little regard for conventional morality.
    Ex: Despite the unsavory characters, bawdiness, and amorality in several of his plays, Middleton was more committed to a single theological system than, for example, Shakespeare.
    Ex: The article is entitled 'Spam is unpalatable any way it's served up: things you can do to reduce the amount of unwanted e-mail'.
    Ex: He went on to explain that while there were no unsightly slums, there was a fairly large district of rather nondescript homes intermingled with plain two- and three-family brick and frame dwellings, principally in the eastern reaches of the city.
    Ex: Everyone is attractive to someone, there is no such thing as a minger, but there are many people who I think are minging.
    Ex: She wanted to say: 'You are a conceited, obstinate, inflexible, manipulative, pompous, close-minded, insensitive, abrasive, opinionated, platitudinous oaf!'.
    Ex: Anthony Datto thanked them for having permitted him to unburden himself and after a few desultory remarks about the nasty weather and nothing in particular, they parted.
    Ex: The text raises the possibility that there might be something unwholesome in the Buddhist obsession with hell.
    Ex: Specific actions are those which are intended to reinforce the fight against specific medical conditions related to insalubrious living.
    Ex: Within the ranks of authorship therefore there are many types of author and it is invidious to claim that one sort is necessarily 'better' than another.
    Ex: Always snivelling, coughing, spitting; a stupid, tedious, ill-natured fellow, who was for ever fatiguing people.
    * algo desagradable a la vista = a blot on the landscape.
    * darle a Uno escalofríos por Algo desagradable = make + Nombre + flinch.
    * de sabor desagradable = unpalatable.
    * desagradable a la vista = eyesore.
    * encontrarse con una sorpresa desagradable = rude awakening + be in store, be in for a rude awakening.
    * esperar una sorpresa desagradable = rude awakening + be in store, be in for a rude awakening.
    * lo desagradable = unpleasantness.
    * situación desagradable = unpleasantness.
    * sorpresa desagradable = rude awakening.

    * * *
    ‹respuesta/comentario› unkind; ‹sabor/ruido/sensación› unpleasant, disagreeable; ‹escena› horrible
    estuvo realmente desagradable conmigo he was really unpleasant to me
    ¡no seas tan desagradable! dale una oportunidad don't be so mean o unkind! give him a chance
    ¡qué tiempo más desagradable! what nasty o horrible weather
    hacía un día bastante desagradable the weather was rather unpleasant, it was a rather unpleasant day
    se llevó una sorpresa desagradable she got a nasty o an unpleasant surprise
    * * *

     

    desagradable adjetivo
    unpleasant;
    respuesta/comentario unkind
    desagradable adjetivo unpleasant, disagreeable: hay un olor desagradable, there's an unpleasant smell
    es una persona muy desagradable, he's really disagreeable
    ' desagradable' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    escopetazo
    - fresca
    - fresco
    - graznido
    - grosera
    - grosero
    - gustillo
    - horrorosa
    - horroroso
    - impresión
    - marrón
    - palma
    - sensación
    - terrible
    - terrorífica
    - terrorífico
    - chocante
    - ingrato
    - mal
    - shock
    English:
    bullet
    - business
    - creep
    - dirty
    - disagreeable
    - distasteful
    - emptiness
    - filthy
    - hard
    - ill-natured
    - miserable
    - nasty
    - off
    - off-putting
    - rude
    - thankless
    - ugly
    - unkind
    - unpleasant
    - unsavory
    - unsavoury
    - unwelcome
    - why
    - home
    - objectionable
    - offensive
    - painful
    - peevish
    - unpalatable
    - unwholesome
    * * *
    adj
    1. [sensación, tiempo, escena] unpleasant;
    no voy a salir, la tarde está muy desagradable I'm not going to go out, the weather's turned quite nasty this afternoon;
    una desagradable sorpresa an unpleasant o a nasty surprise
    2. [persona, comentario, contestación] unpleasant;
    está muy desagradable con su familia he's very unpleasant to his family;
    no seas desagradable y ven con nosotros al cine don't be unsociable, come to the cinema with us
    nmf
    son unos desagradables they're unpleasant people
    * * *
    adj unpleasant, disagreeable
    * * *
    : unpleasant, disagreeable
    * * *
    desagradable adj unpleasant

    Spanish-English dictionary > desagradable

  • 83 destruir

    v.
    to destroy.
    El temblor destruyó la pared The quake destroyed the wall.
    Sus trucos destruyeron a María His tricks destroyed Mary.
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ HUIR], like link=huir huir
    1 to destroy
    2 figurado to destroy, ruin, wreck
    * * *
    verb
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) [+ objeto, edificio] to destroy
    2) (=estropear) [+ amistad, matrimonio, armonía] to wreck, destroy; [+ argumento, teoría] to demolish; [+ esperanza] to dash, shatter; [+ proyecto, plan] to wreck, ruin
    2.
    See:
    * * *
    verbo transitivo
    a) <documentos/pruebas> to destroy; < ciudad> to destroy; < medio ambiente> to damage
    b) ( echar por tierra) < reputación> to ruin; < plan> to wreck; < esperanzas> to dash, shatter

    le destruyó la vida — it/he wrecked o destroyed his/her life

    * * *
    = demolish, destroy, knock out, scupper, wipe out, trash, pull apart, sweep away, knock down, rack [wrack], wreak + destruction, destruct, shred, wreck, decimate, lay + waste to, wash out, run down, break down, blow up, rubbish, stomp + Nombre + out, smash.
    Ex. Having just demolished enumerative classification to some extent in the previous section, it is reasonable to ask how effective menu-based information retrieval systems might be.
    Ex. I am frequently taken to task as someone who would try to destroy the integrity of certain catalogs on the West Coast.
    Ex. Two years ago Hurricane Hugo nearly knocked out Charleston.
    Ex. This arrangement could definitely help solve the librarian's problems, unless unexpected events scupper it.
    Ex. Strong economic forces, inflation and an over-strong pound wiped out any noticeable benefits of EEC membership to industry.
    Ex. At the same time, the author takes issue with the view that the great libraries of America are being ' trashed' by the rush towards technology.
    Ex. If solutions are not found to meet this challenge, users' hunger for multimedia could pull the Internet apart.
    Ex. Librarians should ensure that the principles they stand for are not swept away on a tide of technological jingoism.
    Ex. Your note attempts to knock down an assertion not made.
    Ex. Both countries that have been wracked for the last ten years by violent civil wars.
    Ex. The author laments the demise of the paper card catalogue as a 'paroxysm of shortsightedness and antiintellectualism' on the part of over zealous librarians, wreaking destruction in a class with the burning of the library at Alexandria.
    Ex. That means that the abstractions of scientific knowledge reduce the reality and even destruct it.
    Ex. If they do muster up the courage to participate, they have learned what it is like to lose: they describe it as being 'slaughtered,' 'blown away,' or ' shredded'.
    Ex. They had made a secret deal with Otto Reich to wreck Cuba's economy.
    Ex. Insect pests decimate a significant proportion of the world's food supply and transmit a number of deadly human diseases.
    Ex. The mutilation of periodicals is laying waste to vital and expensive periodical collections in all kinds of library across the USA, and it seems to strike academic libraries with particular virulence.
    Ex. Some sections of road washed out by flood waters.
    Ex. It really is time we stopped kow-towing to every Tom, Dick and Harry who runs down our industry.
    Ex. It describes our experience in combatting mould which grew as a result of high humidity and temperatures when the air conditioning system broke down for several days after several days of rain.
    Ex. The article 'The library has blown up!' relates the short circuit in the main electrical circuit board of Porstmouth Public Library caused by electricians who were carrying out routine work.
    Ex. The theory of Scandinavian racial purity cherished by Hitler and the Nazis has been rubbished by new scientific research.
    Ex. Like I said, no wonder racism won't die, it takes BOTH sides to stomp it out, not just one!.
    Ex. The library was badly vandalised and the intruders overturned 10 large bookcases, tore paintings down, emptied catalogues, and smashed intercoms, chairs, tables and windows.
    ----
    * chocar destruyendo = smash into.
    * destruir completamente = blow + Nombre + to bits.
    * destruir la esperanza = shatter + Posesivo + hopes.
    * destruir un mito = explode + myth.
    * fuego + destruir = fire + destroy.
    * fuego + destruir por completo = fire + gut.
    * * *
    verbo transitivo
    a) <documentos/pruebas> to destroy; < ciudad> to destroy; < medio ambiente> to damage
    b) ( echar por tierra) < reputación> to ruin; < plan> to wreck; < esperanzas> to dash, shatter

    le destruyó la vida — it/he wrecked o destroyed his/her life

    * * *
    = demolish, destroy, knock out, scupper, wipe out, trash, pull apart, sweep away, knock down, rack [wrack], wreak + destruction, destruct, shred, wreck, decimate, lay + waste to, wash out, run down, break down, blow up, rubbish, stomp + Nombre + out, smash.

    Ex: Having just demolished enumerative classification to some extent in the previous section, it is reasonable to ask how effective menu-based information retrieval systems might be.

    Ex: I am frequently taken to task as someone who would try to destroy the integrity of certain catalogs on the West Coast.
    Ex: Two years ago Hurricane Hugo nearly knocked out Charleston.
    Ex: This arrangement could definitely help solve the librarian's problems, unless unexpected events scupper it.
    Ex: Strong economic forces, inflation and an over-strong pound wiped out any noticeable benefits of EEC membership to industry.
    Ex: At the same time, the author takes issue with the view that the great libraries of America are being ' trashed' by the rush towards technology.
    Ex: If solutions are not found to meet this challenge, users' hunger for multimedia could pull the Internet apart.
    Ex: Librarians should ensure that the principles they stand for are not swept away on a tide of technological jingoism.
    Ex: Your note attempts to knock down an assertion not made.
    Ex: Both countries that have been wracked for the last ten years by violent civil wars.
    Ex: The author laments the demise of the paper card catalogue as a 'paroxysm of shortsightedness and antiintellectualism' on the part of over zealous librarians, wreaking destruction in a class with the burning of the library at Alexandria.
    Ex: That means that the abstractions of scientific knowledge reduce the reality and even destruct it.
    Ex: If they do muster up the courage to participate, they have learned what it is like to lose: they describe it as being 'slaughtered,' 'blown away,' or ' shredded'.
    Ex: They had made a secret deal with Otto Reich to wreck Cuba's economy.
    Ex: Insect pests decimate a significant proportion of the world's food supply and transmit a number of deadly human diseases.
    Ex: The mutilation of periodicals is laying waste to vital and expensive periodical collections in all kinds of library across the USA, and it seems to strike academic libraries with particular virulence.
    Ex: Some sections of road washed out by flood waters.
    Ex: It really is time we stopped kow-towing to every Tom, Dick and Harry who runs down our industry.
    Ex: It describes our experience in combatting mould which grew as a result of high humidity and temperatures when the air conditioning system broke down for several days after several days of rain.
    Ex: The article 'The library has blown up!' relates the short circuit in the main electrical circuit board of Porstmouth Public Library caused by electricians who were carrying out routine work.
    Ex: The theory of Scandinavian racial purity cherished by Hitler and the Nazis has been rubbished by new scientific research.
    Ex: Like I said, no wonder racism won't die, it takes BOTH sides to stomp it out, not just one!.
    Ex: The library was badly vandalised and the intruders overturned 10 large bookcases, tore paintings down, emptied catalogues, and smashed intercoms, chairs, tables and windows.
    * chocar destruyendo = smash into.
    * destruir completamente = blow + Nombre + to bits.
    * destruir la esperanza = shatter + Posesivo + hopes.
    * destruir un mito = explode + myth.
    * fuego + destruir = fire + destroy.
    * fuego + destruir por completo = fire + gut.

    * * *
    vt
    1 ‹documentos/pruebas› to destroy; ‹ciudad› to destroy
    productos que destruyen el medio ambiente products that damage the environment
    2 (echar por tierra) ‹reputación› to ruin; ‹plan› to ruin, wreck; ‹esperanzas› to dash, shatter
    los problemas económicos destruyeron su matrimonio financial problems wrecked o ruined their marriage
    la droga está destruyendo muchas vidas drugs are wrecking o ruining o destroying the lives of many people
    * * *

     

    destruir ( conjugate destruir) verbo transitivo
    a)documentos/pruebas to destroy;

    ciudad to destroy;
    medio ambiente to damage

    plan to wreck;
    esperanzas to dash, shatter
    destruir verbo transitivo to destroy
    ' destruir' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    acabar
    - barrer
    - dinamitar
    - minar
    - socavar
    - anular
    - consumir
    - liquidar
    English:
    destroy
    - flatten
    - gut
    - nuke
    - obliterate
    - shatter
    - zap
    - explode
    - ruin
    - shred
    * * *
    vt
    1. [destrozar] to destroy
    2. [desbaratar] [argumento] to demolish;
    [proyecto] to ruin, to wreck; [ilusión, esperanzas] to dash; [reputación] to ruin; [matrimonio, relación] to wreck; [pareja] to break up
    3. [hacienda, fortuna] to squander
    * * *
    v/t
    1 destroy
    2 ( estropear) ruin, wreck
    * * *
    destruir {41} vt
    : to destroy
    * * *
    destruir vb to destroy

    Spanish-English dictionary > destruir

  • 84 establecer

    v.
    1 to establish.
    no lograba establecer contacto con la torre de control he couldn't make o establish contact with the control tower
    la policía no ha podido establecer la causa de su muerte the police have been unable to establish o determine the cause of death
    las normas del club establecen que… the club rules state that…
    Establecieron directrices They established guidelines.
    Establecieron a Ricardo en la oficina They established Richard at the office.
    2 to establish (instalar) (colonia, poblado).
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ AGRADECER], like link=agradecer agradecer
    1 (gen) to establish; (fundar) to found, set up
    2 (récord) to set
    3 (ordenar) to state, lay down, establish
    1 (en un lugar) to settle; (en un negocio) to set up in business
    * * *
    verb
    to establish, set up, found
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) [+ relación, comunicación] to establish
    2) (=fundar) [+ empresa] to establish; [+ colonia] to settle
    3) (=dictaminar) to state, lay down

    la ley establece que... — the law states o lays down that...

    4) (=expresar) [+ idea, principio] to establish; [+ norma] to lay down; [+ criterio] to set
    5) [+ récord] to set
    2.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1)
    a) <colonia/dictadura> to establish; < campamento> to set up
    b) <relaciones/contacto> to establish
    a) <criterios/bases> to establish, lay down; < precio> to fix, set; < precedente> to establish, set

    conviene dejar establecido que... — we should make it clear that...

    establecer un precedenteto establish o set a precedent

    b) (frml) ley/reglamento ( disponer) to state, establish
    c) < uso> to establish
    d) <récord/marca/moda> to set
    3) ( determinar) to establish
    2.
    establecerse v pron colono/emigrante to settle; comerciante/empresa to set up
    * * *
    = call for, determine, establish, institute, instruct, lay down, set, set up, settle, map out, set forth, set out, bring into + being.
    Ex. The main rules call for entry of societies under name and institutions under place.
    Ex. This assignment of intellectual responsibility is important, as we have seen earlier, since it determines the heading for the main entry.
    Ex. The intention is to establish a general framework, and then to give exceptions or further explanation and examples for each area in turn.
    Ex. The librarians have instituted a series of campaigns, including displays and leaflets on specific issues, eg family income supplement, rent and rates rebates, and school grants.
    Ex. Some of the above limitations of title indexes can be overcome by exercising a measure of control over the index terminology, and by inputting and instructing the computer to print a number of pre-determined links or references between keywords.
    Ex. He was the son of a bricklayer who laid down as early as 1859 that 'the assistance of readers in their researches' is one of the duties that 'have daily to be provided for' in ordinary public libraries.
    Ex. If no fines are to be charged for a particular combination of borrower and material type, set the maximum fine to zero.
    Ex. The searcher now decides to set up an SDI profile.
    Ex. Once the name to be used in a heading and its form have been settled, it is time to decide upon the entry element, or in more general terms, to examine the preferred order of the components of a name as the name is to appear as a heading.
    Ex. Down the years, the information industry has mapped out for itself the categories of information with which it is prepared to deal.
    Ex. She sets forth some of the conditions which may have led to this situation in the hope that it may bring about further study.
    Ex. The regulation sets out the requirement for compulsory notification of agreements to the Commission and gives the Commission powers to grant exemption to the rules.
    Ex. MARC was brought into being originally to facilitate the creation of LC catalogue cards.
    ----
    * establecer alianzas = make + alliances.
    * establecer canales para = establish + channels for.
    * establecer características = lay down + features.
    * establecer comparaciones = make + comparisons.
    * establecer comparaciones entre elementos comparables = compare + like with like.
    * establecer conexión = establish + link, make + connection.
    * establecer contacto = make + contact.
    * establecer contactos = liaise (with/between).
    * establecer contactos profesionales = networking.
    * establecer criterios para = make + provision for.
    * establecer directrices = chart + direction.
    * establecer disposiciones para = make + provisions for.
    * establecer el contexto = set + context.
    * establecer el origen de = trace + the origin of.
    * establecer el tema = set + the theme.
    * establecer el tono = set + the theme.
    * establecer equivalencias entre = map onto/to.
    * establecer lazos afectivos = bond.
    * establecer límites = draw + limits.
    * establecer norma = legislate.
    * establecer normas = make + provision, establish + standards.
    * establecer normas de funcionamiento = establish + policy.
    * establecer normativa = govern.
    * establecer prioridades = prioritise [prioritize, -USA], establish + priorities, set + priorities.
    * establecer reglas = make + provision.
    * establecer reglas para = lay down + rules for.
    * establecer relaciones = build + relationships, develop + relationships, develop + relations, build + relations, structure + relationships.
    * establecer relaciones con = forge + links with, forge + relationships with, forge + ties.
    * establecerse = settle in, settle down.
    * establecer sectores = sectoring.
    * establecer una analogía = draw + analogy.
    * establecer una colaboración = forge + collaboration.
    * establecer una condición = specify + requirement.
    * establecer una conexión = achieve + connection.
    * establecer una convención = establish + convention.
    * establecer un acuerdo = work out + agreement.
    * establecer una diferencia = draw + demarcation.
    * establecer una norma = lay down + standard, set down + rule.
    * establecer una normalización = impose + standardization.
    * establecer una política = institute + policy.
    * establecer una regla = frame + rule.
    * establecer un equilibrio = establish + a balance.
    * establecer un límite = set + limit.
    * establecer un norma = give + prescription.
    * establecer un paralelismo = draw + parallel.
    * establecer un paralelo = draw + parallel.
    * establecer un principio = establish + principle, set forth + cause.
    * establecer un record = establish + a record.
    * establecer un vínculo = provide + an interface.
    * establecer valores = establish + values.
    * establecer vínculos afectivos = bond.
    * volver a establecer equivalencias = remap.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1)
    a) <colonia/dictadura> to establish; < campamento> to set up
    b) <relaciones/contacto> to establish
    a) <criterios/bases> to establish, lay down; < precio> to fix, set; < precedente> to establish, set

    conviene dejar establecido que... — we should make it clear that...

    establecer un precedenteto establish o set a precedent

    b) (frml) ley/reglamento ( disponer) to state, establish
    c) < uso> to establish
    d) <récord/marca/moda> to set
    3) ( determinar) to establish
    2.
    establecerse v pron colono/emigrante to settle; comerciante/empresa to set up
    * * *
    = call for, determine, establish, institute, instruct, lay down, set, set up, settle, map out, set forth, set out, bring into + being.

    Ex: The main rules call for entry of societies under name and institutions under place.

    Ex: This assignment of intellectual responsibility is important, as we have seen earlier, since it determines the heading for the main entry.
    Ex: The intention is to establish a general framework, and then to give exceptions or further explanation and examples for each area in turn.
    Ex: The librarians have instituted a series of campaigns, including displays and leaflets on specific issues, eg family income supplement, rent and rates rebates, and school grants.
    Ex: Some of the above limitations of title indexes can be overcome by exercising a measure of control over the index terminology, and by inputting and instructing the computer to print a number of pre-determined links or references between keywords.
    Ex: He was the son of a bricklayer who laid down as early as 1859 that 'the assistance of readers in their researches' is one of the duties that 'have daily to be provided for' in ordinary public libraries.
    Ex: If no fines are to be charged for a particular combination of borrower and material type, set the maximum fine to zero.
    Ex: The searcher now decides to set up an SDI profile.
    Ex: Once the name to be used in a heading and its form have been settled, it is time to decide upon the entry element, or in more general terms, to examine the preferred order of the components of a name as the name is to appear as a heading.
    Ex: Down the years, the information industry has mapped out for itself the categories of information with which it is prepared to deal.
    Ex: She sets forth some of the conditions which may have led to this situation in the hope that it may bring about further study.
    Ex: The regulation sets out the requirement for compulsory notification of agreements to the Commission and gives the Commission powers to grant exemption to the rules.
    Ex: MARC was brought into being originally to facilitate the creation of LC catalogue cards.
    * establecer alianzas = make + alliances.
    * establecer canales para = establish + channels for.
    * establecer características = lay down + features.
    * establecer comparaciones = make + comparisons.
    * establecer comparaciones entre elementos comparables = compare + like with like.
    * establecer conexión = establish + link, make + connection.
    * establecer contacto = make + contact.
    * establecer contactos = liaise (with/between).
    * establecer contactos profesionales = networking.
    * establecer criterios para = make + provision for.
    * establecer directrices = chart + direction.
    * establecer disposiciones para = make + provisions for.
    * establecer el contexto = set + context.
    * establecer el origen de = trace + the origin of.
    * establecer el tema = set + the theme.
    * establecer el tono = set + the theme.
    * establecer equivalencias entre = map onto/to.
    * establecer lazos afectivos = bond.
    * establecer límites = draw + limits.
    * establecer norma = legislate.
    * establecer normas = make + provision, establish + standards.
    * establecer normas de funcionamiento = establish + policy.
    * establecer normativa = govern.
    * establecer prioridades = prioritise [prioritize, -USA], establish + priorities, set + priorities.
    * establecer reglas = make + provision.
    * establecer reglas para = lay down + rules for.
    * establecer relaciones = build + relationships, develop + relationships, develop + relations, build + relations, structure + relationships.
    * establecer relaciones con = forge + links with, forge + relationships with, forge + ties.
    * establecerse = settle in, settle down.
    * establecer sectores = sectoring.
    * establecer una analogía = draw + analogy.
    * establecer una colaboración = forge + collaboration.
    * establecer una condición = specify + requirement.
    * establecer una conexión = achieve + connection.
    * establecer una convención = establish + convention.
    * establecer un acuerdo = work out + agreement.
    * establecer una diferencia = draw + demarcation.
    * establecer una norma = lay down + standard, set down + rule.
    * establecer una normalización = impose + standardization.
    * establecer una política = institute + policy.
    * establecer una regla = frame + rule.
    * establecer un equilibrio = establish + a balance.
    * establecer un límite = set + limit.
    * establecer un norma = give + prescription.
    * establecer un paralelismo = draw + parallel.
    * establecer un paralelo = draw + parallel.
    * establecer un principio = establish + principle, set forth + cause.
    * establecer un record = establish + a record.
    * establecer un vínculo = provide + an interface.
    * establecer valores = establish + values.
    * establecer vínculos afectivos = bond.
    * volver a establecer equivalencias = remap.

    * * *
    establecer [E3 ]
    vt
    A
    1 ‹colonia› to establish; ‹campamento› to set up
    estableció su residencia en Mónaco he took up residence in Monaco
    2 ‹relaciones/comunicaciones/contacto› to establish
    3 ‹dictadura› to establish, set up
    1 ‹criterios/bases› to establish, lay down; ‹precio› to fix, set
    conviene dejar establecido que … we should make it clear that …
    establecer un precedente to establish o set a precedent
    2 ( frml); «ley/reglamento» (disponer) to state, establish
    como se establece en la Constitución as laid down o established in the Constitution
    tres veces el precio establecido por la ley three times the legal price
    3 ‹uso› to establish; ‹moda› to set
    4 ‹récord/marca› to set
    C (determinar) to establish
    no se ha podido establecer qué fue lo que ocurrió it has been impossible to ascertain o establish exactly what happened
    1 «colono/emigrante» to settle
    2 «comerciante/empresa» to set up
    se estableció por su cuenta he set up his own business ( o practice etc), he set up on his own
    * * *

     

    establecer ( conjugate establecer) verbo transitivo
    1
    a)colonia/dictadura to establish;

    campamento to set up;

    b)relaciones/contacto to establish

    2 ( dejar sentado)
    a)criterios/bases to establish, lay down;

    precio to fix, set;
    precedente to establish, set
    b) (frml) [ley/reglamento] ( disponer) to state, establish

    c)récord/marca/moda to set;

    uso to establish
    3 ( determinar) to establish
    establecerse verbo pronominal [colono/emigrante] to settle;
    [comerciante/empresa] to set up
    establecer verbo transitivo to establish
    (un récord) to set (up)
    ' establecer' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    conectar
    - disponer
    - fijar
    - implantar
    - sentar
    - consagrar
    - determinar
    - montar
    English:
    ascertain
    - establish
    - get at
    - institute
    - lay down
    - networking
    - open up
    - parallel
    - pattern
    - prioritize
    - set
    - set down
    - set up
    - standard
    - timetable
    - bond
    - determine
    - dictate
    - draw
    - empathize
    - get
    - issue
    - lay
    - open
    - pin
    - state
    * * *
    vt
    1. [instalar] [colonia, poblado] to establish;
    [campamento, negocio, sucursal] to set up;
    establecer residencia en to take up residence in
    2. [fijar, emprender] [régimen, relaciones, comunicación] to establish;
    [costumbre] to introduce; [moda] to start; [récord] to set;
    no lograba establecer contacto con la torre de control he couldn't make o establish contact with the control tower
    3. [expresar] [principios, criterios] to establish, to lay down;
    [teoría, hipótesis] to formulate;
    estableció las bases de la física moderna he laid the foundations of modern physics
    4. [estipular] to state, to stipulate;
    las normas del club establecen que… the club rules state that…;
    según establece la ley,… as stipulated by law,…
    5. [averiguar] to establish, to determine;
    la policía no ha podido establecer la causa de su muerte the police have been unable to establish o determine the cause of death
    * * *
    v/t
    1 establish
    2 negocio set up
    * * *
    establecer {53} vt
    fundar, instituir: to establish, to found, to set up
    * * *
    1. (crear) to set up [pt. & pp. set]
    2. (demostrar) to establish
    Newton estableció que... Newton established that...
    3. (ordenar) to state
    la constitución establece que... the constitution states that...

    Spanish-English dictionary > establecer

  • 85 perjudicar

    v.
    to damage, to harm.
    Maleficiaron a María They harmed Mary.
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ SACAR], like link=sacar sacar
    1 to adversely affect, be bad for, be detrimental to
    * * *
    verb
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) (=dañar) to harm
    2) (=desfavorecer)

    ese sombrero la perjudica — that hat doesn't suit her, she doesn't look good in that hat

    3) LAm (=calumniar) to malign, slander
    2.
    See:
    * * *
    verbo transitivo
    a) ( dañar) to be detrimental to (frml)

    está perjudicando sus estudiosit is having an adverse effect on o it is proving detrimental to his schoolwork

    b) (Col, Per fam & euf) ( violar) to rape, have one's way with (euph)
    * * *
    = damage, disserve, do + disservice, do in, harm, impair, cause + erosion, injure, prejudice, work against, disadvantage, bring + harm, wrong, take + a toll on, hobble, screw + Nombre + up.
    Ex. Single holds are useful, for example, when a particular copy of a document is damaged or needs rebinding.
    Ex. We will not disserve readers by instructing them through our subject headings in nonbiased terminology; we will, in fact, be keeping all of our readers in focus.
    Ex. I think that Mr. Scilken's point was that there's so much material on the traditional three-by-five card that it's less useful, that it's distracting, in fact, and does a disservice to the public library.
    Ex. I think he outlined the feasible way to go about meeting our needs without doing in anybody else in the process.
    Ex. Principles developed over a century and a quarter of thought and experience were poorly defended by professional catalogers, and even less so by administrators harmed by increasing personnel budgets.
    Ex. It is difficult to neglect either entirely, without impairing the effectiveness in fulfilling the other objective.
    Ex. The replacement of the book catalog by the card catalog has caused a grave erosion of the ideal catalog sought by Panizzi and Cutter.
    Ex. Dialog is being injured and will continue to be injured if the American Chemical Society continues to assert falsely that Dialog is underpaying royalties.
    Ex. The very requirements for success in one area may prejudice success in another.
    Ex. Which means we must create a reading environment that helps and encourages reading rather than works against it.
    Ex. When students were tested at the end of the course, those students taught using flexible learning techniques did not seem to have been either advantaged or disadvantaged by their use when compared with the students taught using conventional techniques.
    Ex. It is political incorrectness, not political correctness, that has brought harm to this nation.
    Ex. The case raises the age-old issue of how best to resolve disputes between the press and a subject that feels wronged.
    Ex. Agoraphobia can take a toll on sufferers' families as well as the sufferers themselves, as some agoraphobics may become housebound or cling to certain people for safety.
    Ex. With Florida's no-fault auto insurance law set to expire in October, there are fears that that medical services could be hobbled.
    Ex. Her past relationship screwed her up mentally, physically and emotionally.
    ----
    * perjudicar a = to + Posesivo + detriment.
    * perjudicar las posibilidades de = prejudice + chances of.
    * perjudicar los intereses = prejudice + interests.
    * perjudicarse a Uno mismo = shoot + Reflexivo + in the foot.
    * que no perjudica el medio ambiente = environmentally sound, environmentally friendly, eco-friendly.
    * * *
    verbo transitivo
    a) ( dañar) to be detrimental to (frml)

    está perjudicando sus estudiosit is having an adverse effect on o it is proving detrimental to his schoolwork

    b) (Col, Per fam & euf) ( violar) to rape, have one's way with (euph)
    * * *
    = damage, disserve, do + disservice, do in, harm, impair, cause + erosion, injure, prejudice, work against, disadvantage, bring + harm, wrong, take + a toll on, hobble, screw + Nombre + up.

    Ex: Single holds are useful, for example, when a particular copy of a document is damaged or needs rebinding.

    Ex: We will not disserve readers by instructing them through our subject headings in nonbiased terminology; we will, in fact, be keeping all of our readers in focus.
    Ex: I think that Mr. Scilken's point was that there's so much material on the traditional three-by-five card that it's less useful, that it's distracting, in fact, and does a disservice to the public library.
    Ex: I think he outlined the feasible way to go about meeting our needs without doing in anybody else in the process.
    Ex: Principles developed over a century and a quarter of thought and experience were poorly defended by professional catalogers, and even less so by administrators harmed by increasing personnel budgets.
    Ex: It is difficult to neglect either entirely, without impairing the effectiveness in fulfilling the other objective.
    Ex: The replacement of the book catalog by the card catalog has caused a grave erosion of the ideal catalog sought by Panizzi and Cutter.
    Ex: Dialog is being injured and will continue to be injured if the American Chemical Society continues to assert falsely that Dialog is underpaying royalties.
    Ex: The very requirements for success in one area may prejudice success in another.
    Ex: Which means we must create a reading environment that helps and encourages reading rather than works against it.
    Ex: When students were tested at the end of the course, those students taught using flexible learning techniques did not seem to have been either advantaged or disadvantaged by their use when compared with the students taught using conventional techniques.
    Ex: It is political incorrectness, not political correctness, that has brought harm to this nation.
    Ex: The case raises the age-old issue of how best to resolve disputes between the press and a subject that feels wronged.
    Ex: Agoraphobia can take a toll on sufferers' families as well as the sufferers themselves, as some agoraphobics may become housebound or cling to certain people for safety.
    Ex: With Florida's no-fault auto insurance law set to expire in October, there are fears that that medical services could be hobbled.
    Ex: Her past relationship screwed her up mentally, physically and emotionally.
    * perjudicar a = to + Posesivo + detriment.
    * perjudicar las posibilidades de = prejudice + chances of.
    * perjudicar los intereses = prejudice + interests.
    * perjudicarse a Uno mismo = shoot + Reflexivo + in the foot.
    * que no perjudica el medio ambiente = environmentally sound, environmentally friendly, eco-friendly.

    * * *
    perjudicar [A2 ]
    vt
    1 (dañar) to be detrimental to ( frml)
    el tabaco perjudica tu salud smoking is detrimental to your health, smoking damages your health
    está perjudicando sus estudios it is having an adverse effect on o it is affecting o it is proving detrimental to his schoolwork
    estas medidas perjudican a los jóvenes these measures harm o have adverse effects for o are prejudicial to young people, young people are losing out because of these measures
    para no perjudicar las investigaciones in order not to prejudice the investigations
    2 (Col, Per fam euf) (violar) to rape, have one's way with ( euph)
    * * *

     

    perjudicar ( conjugate perjudicar) verbo transitivo ( dañar) to be detrimental to (frml), damage;
    el tabaco perjudica salud smoking is detrimental to o damages your health;

    estas medidas perjudican a los jóvenes these measures are detrimental to o harm young people
    perjudicar verbo transitivo to damage, harm: el alcohol perjudica la salud, alcohol damages your health
    esa medida me perjudicaría, that measure will be against my interests

    ' perjudicar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    cama
    - dañar
    - embromar
    English:
    damage
    - handicap
    - harm
    - impair
    - injure
    - prejudice
    - weigh
    - reflect
    * * *
    to damage, to harm;
    el tabaco perjudica la salud smoking damages your health;
    esa decisión perjudica nuestros intereses this decision damages our interests
    * * *
    v/t harm, damage
    * * *
    perjudicar {72} vt
    : to harm, to be detrimental to
    * * *
    1. (salud) to damage
    2. (persona) to affect

    Spanish-English dictionary > perjudicar

  • 86 prestar atención

    v.
    to pay attention, to take notice, to give attention, to heed.
    María se fijó muy bien Mary paid attention very well.
    * * *
    to pay attention (a, to)
    * * *
    * * *
    (n.) = follow up, heed, receive + attention, mind, devote + attention, pay + heed, take + notice, give + (some) thought to, follow through, look out for, lend + an ear, prick (up) + Posesivo + ears, Posesivo + antennas + go up
    Ex. Both the original production and revision of STC spawned a large crop of such items which are worth following up.
    Ex. Such variations also make it difficult for a cataloguer inserting a new heading for local use to discern the principles which should be heeded in the construction of such a heading.
    Ex. The formation of mould on paper and book-bindings is a long-standing problem, the nature of which has received little attention.
    Ex. They see people as marked by one particular attribute, cleverness, or kindness, or strictness, or being a good shot, and they mind whether things are right or wrong.
    Ex. The cataloger, by being relieved of the onerous clerical burden of reorganizing the catalog, is free to devote professional attention to making the catalog a more responsive and useful tool.
    Ex. Unless we believe we can do all this unaided, then we had better pay heed to literature.
    Ex. Successful displays depend on two main ingredients: selection from the vast number of possible titles; and attractive layout, so that people will take notice of the books and want to know more about them.
    Ex. I encourage the reader to give thought to the longer case studies that have appeared in the library press.
    Ex. The approach used is to follow through the decision making processes which underpin the successful introduction of any service.
    Ex. Panellists presented the criteria they adopted and features they looked out for when selecting a library automation system.
    Ex. Secondly, the teacher should just ' lend an ear' and not actively take part in the discussion.
    Ex. The dog sat at the bedside, now eyeing his master with a wistful look, and now pricking his ears, and uttering a low growl.
    Ex. As lesbians, our antennas went up, and we wondered why this guy wanted to know how many bedrooms we had.
    * * *
    (n.) = follow up, heed, receive + attention, mind, devote + attention, pay + heed, take + notice, give + (some) thought to, follow through, look out for, lend + an ear, prick (up) + Posesivo + ears, Posesivo + antennas + go up

    Ex: Both the original production and revision of STC spawned a large crop of such items which are worth following up.

    Ex: Such variations also make it difficult for a cataloguer inserting a new heading for local use to discern the principles which should be heeded in the construction of such a heading.
    Ex: The formation of mould on paper and book-bindings is a long-standing problem, the nature of which has received little attention.
    Ex: They see people as marked by one particular attribute, cleverness, or kindness, or strictness, or being a good shot, and they mind whether things are right or wrong.
    Ex: The cataloger, by being relieved of the onerous clerical burden of reorganizing the catalog, is free to devote professional attention to making the catalog a more responsive and useful tool.
    Ex: Unless we believe we can do all this unaided, then we had better pay heed to literature.
    Ex: Successful displays depend on two main ingredients: selection from the vast number of possible titles; and attractive layout, so that people will take notice of the books and want to know more about them.
    Ex: I encourage the reader to give thought to the longer case studies that have appeared in the library press.
    Ex: The approach used is to follow through the decision making processes which underpin the successful introduction of any service.
    Ex: Panellists presented the criteria they adopted and features they looked out for when selecting a library automation system.
    Ex: Secondly, the teacher should just ' lend an ear' and not actively take part in the discussion.
    Ex: The dog sat at the bedside, now eyeing his master with a wistful look, and now pricking his ears, and uttering a low growl.
    Ex: As lesbians, our antennas went up, and we wondered why this guy wanted to know how many bedrooms we had.

    Spanish-English dictionary > prestar atención

  • 87 सोमः _sōmḥ

    सोमः [सू-मन् Uṇ.1.139]
    1 N. of a plant, the most important ingredient in ancient sacrificial offerings.
    -2 The juice of the plant; as in सोमपा, सोमपीथिन्; Ms. 3.257.
    -3 Nectar, beverage of the gods; अलब्धभागाः सोमस्य केवलं क्लेशभागिनः Bhāg.8.1.23.
    -4 The moon. [In mythology, the moon is represented as having sprung from the eye of the sage Atri; (cf. R.2.75) or as produced from the sea at the time of churning. The twenty-seven asterisms--mythologically represent- ed as so many daughters of Dakṣa q. v. -- are said to be his wives. The phenomenon of the periodical waning of the moon is explained by a myth which states that his nectareous digits are drunk up by different gods in regular rotation, or by the invention of another legend which says that the moon, on account of his particular fondness and partiality for Rohiṇī, one of the 27 daughters of Dakṣa, was cursed by his father-in-law to be consumptive, but that at the intercession of his wives the sentence of eternal consumption was commuted to one of periodical consumption. Soma is also represented as having carried off Tārā, the wife of Bṛihaspati, by whom he had a son named Budha, who afterwards became the founder of the lunar race of kings; see Tārā (b) also.]; पुष्णामि चौषधीः सर्वाः सोमो भूत्वा रसात्मकः Bg.15.13.
    -5 A ray of light.
    -6 Cam- phor.
    -7 Water.
    -8 Air, wind.
    -9 N. of Kubera.
    -1 Of Śiva.
    -11 Of Yama.
    -12 N. of Sugrīva.
    -13 (As the last member of comp.) Chief, principal, best; as in नृसोम q. v.
    -14 An ape.
    -15 One of the Manes.
    -16 the vessel (नाडी) 'Iḍā'; यत्र तद् ब्रह्म निर्द्वन्द्वं यत्र सोमः सहाग्निना । व्यवायं कुरुते नित्यं धीरो भूतानि धारयन् ॥ Mb.14.2.1 (com.).
    -17 Monday.
    -मा The soma plant.
    -मम् 1 Rice gruel.
    -2 Sky, heaven.
    -Comp. -अभिषवः the extraction of Soma juice.
    -अयनम् a kind of penance; cf. चान्द्रायण.
    -अहः Monday.
    -आख्यम् the red lotus.
    -आश्रयः N. of Śiva or Rudra; ˚अयनम् (सोमाश्रयायणम्) N. of a place of pilgrimages; ते त्वगच्छन्नहोरात्रा तीर्थं सोमाश्रयायणम् Mb.1.17.3.
    -ईश्वरः a celebrated representation of Śiva.
    -उद्भवा N. of the river Narmadā तथेत्युपस्पृश्य पयः पवित्रं सोमोद्भवायाः सरितो नृसोमः R.5.59 (where Malli. quotes Ak. 'रेवा तु नर्मदा सोमोद्भवा मेकलकन्यका').
    -कान्त a. lovely as the moon. (
    -न्तः) the moon-stone.
    -क्षयः disappearance or waning of the moon, new moon; श्राद्धस्य ब्राह्मणः कालः प्राप्तं दधि घृतं तथा । सोमक्षयश्च मांसं च यदारण्यं युधिष्ठिर ॥ Mb.13.23.34.
    -गर्भः N. of Viṣṇu.
    -ग्रहः a vessel for holding Soma.
    - a. moon-born. (
    -जः) an epithet of the planet Mercury. (
    -जम्) milk.
    -दैवतम् the lunar mansion मृगशिरस्; दोग्ध्रीं दत्वा सवत्सां तु नक्षत्रे सोमदैवते Mb.13.64.7.
    -धारा 1 the sky, heaven.
    -2 the milky way.
    -नाथः 1 N. of a celebrated Liṅga or the place where it was set up; (which by its splendour and enormous wealth attracted the attention of Mahomad of Ghazani who in 124 A.D. destroyed the image and carried of the treasure); तेषां मार्गे परिचयवशादर्जितं गुर्जराणां यः संतापं शिथिलमकरोत् सोमनाथं विलोक्य । Vikr.18.87.
    -प, -पा m.
    1 one who drinks the Soma; त्रैविद्या मां सोमपाः पूतपापा यज्ञैरिष्ट्वा स्वर्गतिं प्रार्थयन्ते Bg.9.2; Mb.12.284.8.
    -2 a Soma-sacrificer.
    -3 a particular class of Pitṛis; सोमपा नाम विप्राणां (पितरः) Ms.3.197.
    -पतिः N. of Indra.
    -पानम् drinking Soma juice.
    -पायिन्, -पीथः, -पीथिन्, -पीतिन् m. a drinker of Soma juice; तत्र केचित्...... सोमपीथिन उदुम्बरनामानो ब्रह्मवादिनः प्रतिवसन्ति स्म Māl.1; Bhāg.5.26.29.
    -पीतिः f.
    1 drinking Soma.
    -2 a Some sacrifice.
    -पुत्रः, -भूः, -सुतः epithets of Budha or Mercury.
    -प्रवाकः a person commissioned to engage sacrificial priests (श्रोत्रिय) for a Soma sacrifice.
    -बन्धुः 1 the sun.
    -2 the white water-lilly.
    -यज्ञः, -यागः the Soma sacrifice.
    -याजिन् m. one who performs a Soma sacrifice.
    -योगिन् a. being in conjunction with the moon.
    -योनिः a sort of yellow and fragrant sandal.
    -राजी a thin crescent of the moon.
    -रोगः a particular disease of women.
    -लता, -वल्लरी 1 the Soma plant.
    -2 N. of the river Godāvarī.
    -वंशः the lunar race of kings founded by Budha.
    -वल्कः 1 a kind of white Khadira.
    -2 N. of the plants, करञ्ज and कट्फल.
    -वल्लरिः(री), -वल्लिका, -वल्ली f. the moon-plant.
    -वारः, -वासरः Monday.
    -विक्रयिन् m. a vendor of Soma juice.
    -वीथी the orbit of the moon.
    -वृक्षः, -सारः the white Khadira.
    -शकला a kind of cucumber.
    -संस्था a form of the Soma-sacrifice; (these are seven:- अग्निष्टोम, अत्यग्निष्टोम, उक्थ, षोढशी, अतिरात्र, आप्तोर्याम and वाजपेय).
    -संज्ञम् cam- phor.
    -सद् m. a particular class of Manes or Pitṛis; विराट्सुताः सोमसदः साध्यानां पितरः स्मृताः Ms.3.195.
    -सिद्धान्तः the doctrine of Kāpālikas; या सोमसिद्धान्तमयाननेव N.1.87.
    -सिन्धुः an epithet of Viṣṇu.
    -सुत् m a Soma distiller.
    -सुत्वत् a. pressing Soma-plant for juice; अध्वरेष्वग्निचित्वत्सु सोमसुत्वत आश्रमान् Bk.5.11.
    -सुता the river Narmadā; cf. सोमोद्भवा above.
    -सूत्रम् a channel for conveying water from a Śiva-liṅga. ˚प्रदक्षिणा circumambulation around a Siva-liṅga so as not to cross the Soma-sūtra.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > सोमः _sōmḥ

  • 88 स्व _sva

    स्व pron. a.
    1 One's own, belonging to oneself, often serving as a reflexive pronoun; स्वनियोगमशून्यं कुरु Ś.2; प्रजाः प्रजाः स्वा इव तन्त्रयित्वा 5.5; oft. in comp. in this sense; स्वपुत्र, स्वकलत्र, स्वद्रव्य.
    -2 Innate, natural, inherent, peculiar, inborn; सूर्यापाये न खलु कमलं पुष्यति स्वामभिख्याम् Me.82; Ś.1.19; स तस्य स्वो भावः प्रकृतिनियतत्वादकृतकः U. 6.14.
    -3 Belonging to one's own caste or tribe; शूद्रैव भार्या शूद्रस्य सा च स्वा च विशः स्मृते Ms.3.13;5.14.
    -स्वः 1 One's own self.
    -2 A relative, kinsman; एनं स्वा अभि- संविशन्ति भर्ता स्वानां श्रेष्ठः पुर एता भवति Bṛi. Up.1.3.18; (दौर्गत्यं) येन स्वैरपि मन्यन्ते जीवन्तो$पि मृता इव Pt.2.1; Ms. 2.19.
    -3 The soul.
    -4 N. of Viṣṇu.
    -स्वा A woman of one's own caste.
    -स्वः, -स्वम् 1 Wealth, property; as in निःस्व q. v.
    -2 (In alg.) The plus or affirmative quantity; cf. धनः; स्वशब्दो$यमात्मीयधनज्ञातीनां प्रत्येकं वाचको न समुदायस्य ŚB. on MS.6.7.2. The Ego.
    -4 Nature (स्वभावः); वृत्तिर्भूतानि भूतानां चराणामचराणि च । कृता स्वेन नृणां तत्र कामाच्चोदनयापि वा ॥ Bhāg.12.7.13.
    -Comp. -अक्षपादः a follower of the Nyāya system of philosophy.
    -अक्षरम् one's own hand-writing.
    -अधिकारः one's own duty or sway; स्वाधिकारात् प्रमत्तः Me.1; स्वाधिकारभूमौ Ś.7.
    -अधिपत्यम् one's own supremacy, sovereignty.
    -अधि- ष्ठानम् one of the six Chakras or mystical circles of the body.
    -अधीन a.
    1 dependent on oneself, self-dependent.
    -2 independent.
    -3 one's own subject.
    -4 in one's own power; स्वाधीना वचनीयतापि हि वरं बद्धो न सेवाञ्जलिः Mk.3. 11. ˚कुशल a. having prosperity in one's own power; स्वाधीनकुशलाः सिद्धिमन्तः Ś.4. ˚ पतिका, ˚भर्तृका a woman who has full control over her husband, one whose husband is subject to her; अथ सा निर्गताबाधा राधा स्वाधीनभर्तृका । निजगाद रतिक्लान्तं कान्तं मण्डनवाञ्छया Gīt.12; see S. D.112. et seq.
    -अध्यायः 1 self-recitation, muttering to oneself.
    -2 study of the Vedas, sacred study, perusal of sacred books; स्वाध्यायेनार्चयेदृषीन् Ms.3.81; Bg.16.1; T. Up.1.9.1.
    -3 the Veda itself.
    -4 a day on which sacred study is enjoined to be resumed after suspension. ˚अर्थिन् m. a student who tries to secure his own livelihood during his course of holy study; Ms.11.1.
    -अध्यायिन् m.
    1 a student of the Vedas.
    -2 a tradesman.
    -अनुभवः, अनुभूतिः f.
    1 self-experience.
    -2 self-knowledge; स्वानुभूत्येकसाराय नमः शान्ताय तेजसे Bh.2.1. अनुभावः love for property.
    -अनुरूप a.
    1 natural, inborn.
    -2 worthy of oneself.
    -अन्तम् 1 the mind; मम स्वान्तध्वान्तं तिरयतु नवीनो जलधरः Bv.4.5; Mv.7.17.
    -2 a cavern.
    -3 one's own death, end.
    -अर्जित a. self-acquired.
    -अर्थ a.
    1 self-interested.
    -2 having its own or true meaning.
    -3 having one's own object or aim.
    -4 pleonastic.
    (-र्थः) 1 one's own interest, self-interest; सर्वः स्वार्थं समीहते Śi.2.65; स्वार्थात्सतां गुरुतरा प्रणयिक्रियैव V. 4.15.
    -2 own or inherent meaning; स्वार्थे णिच्, स्वार्थे कप्रत्ययः &c.; परार्थव्यासङ्गादुपजहदथ स्वार्थपरताम् Bv.1.79 (where both senses are intended).
    -3 = पुरुषार्थः q. v.; Bhāg.12.2.6. ˚अनुमानम् inference for oneself, a kind of inductive reasoning, one of the two main kinds of अनुमान, the other being परार्थानुमान. ˚पण्डित a.
    1 clever in one's own affairs.
    -2 expert in attending to one's own interests. ˚पर, ˚परायण a. intent on securing one's own interests, selfish; परार्थानुष्ठाने जडयति नृपं स्वार्थपरता Mu.3.4. ˚विघातः frustration of one's object. ˚सिद्धिः f. fulfilment of one's own object.
    -आनन्दः delight in one's self.
    -आयत्त a. subject to, or dependent upon, oneself; स्वायत्तमेकान्तगुणं विधात्रा विनिर्मितं छादनमज्ञतायाः Bh. 2.7.
    -आरब्ध, -आरम्भक a. self-undertaken.
    - आहत a. coined by one's self.
    -इच्छा self-will, own inclination. ˚आचारः acting as one likes; self-will. ˚मृत्युः an epithet of Bhīṣma.
    -उत्थ a. innate.
    -उदयः the rising of a sign or heavenly body at any particular place.
    -उपधिः a fixed star.
    -कम्पनः air, wind.
    -कर्मन् one's own duty (स्वधर्म); स्वकर्मनिरतः सिद्धिं यथा विन्दति तच्छृणु Bg.18. 45.
    -कर्मस्थ a. minding one's own duty; अधीयीरंस्त्रयो वर्णाः स्वकर्मस्था द्विजातयः Ms.1.1.
    -कर्मिन् a. selfish.
    -कामिन् a. selfish.
    -कार्यम् one's own business or interest.
    -कुलक्षयः a fish.
    -कृतम् a deed done by one's self.
    -कृतंभुज् a. experiencing the results of former deeds (प्रारब्धकर्म); मा शोचतं महाभागावात्मजान् स्वकृतंभुजः Bhāg.1. 4.18.
    -गतम् ind. to oneself, aside (in theatrical lang- uage).
    -गृहः a kind of bird.
    -गोचर a. subject to one's self; स्वगोचरे सत्यपि चित्तहारिणा Ki.8.13.
    -चर a. self-moving.
    -छन्द a.
    1 self-willed, uncontrolled, wanton.
    -2 spontaneous.
    -3 wild. (
    -न्दः) one's own will or choice, own fancy or pleasure, independence. (
    -न्दम्) ind. at one's own will or pleasure, wantonly, volunta- rily; स्वच्छन्दं दलदरविन्द ते मरन्दं विन्दन्तो विदधतु गुञ्जितं मिलिन्दाः Bv.1.15.
    - a.
    1 self-born.
    -2 natural (स्वाभाविक); आगता त्वामियं बुद्धिः स्वजा वैनायिकी च या Rām.2.112.16.
    (-जः) 1 a son or child.
    -2 sweat, perspiration.
    -3 a viper. (
    -जा) a daughter. (
    -जम्) blood.
    -जनः 1 a kinsman, relative; इतःप्रत्यादेशात् स्वजनमनुगन्तुं व्यवसिता Ś. 6.8; Pt.1.5.
    -2 one's own people or kindred, one's household. ˚गन्धिन् a. distantly related to. (स्वजनायते Den. P. 'becomes or is treated as a relation'; Pt.1.5.)
    -जातिः 1 one's own kind.
    -2 one's own family or caste.
    -ज्ञातिः a kinsman.
    -ता personal regard or interest; अस्यां मे महती स्वता Svapna.1.7.
    -तन्त्र a.
    1 self-dependent, uncontrolled, independent, self-willed.
    -2 of age, full-grown. (
    -न्त्रम्) one's own (common group of) subsidiaries; जैमिनेः परतन्त्रापत्तेः स्वतन्त्रप्रतिषेधः स्यात् MS. 12.1.8. (
    -न्त्रः) a blind man.
    -दृश् a. seeing one's self; ईयते भगवानेभिः सगुणो निर्गुणः स्वदृक् Bhāg.3.32.36.
    -देशः one's own country, native country. ˚जः, ˚बन्धुः a fellow countryman.
    -धर्मः 1 one's own religion.
    -2 one's own duty, the duties of one's own class; Ms.1.88,91; स्वधर्मे निधनं श्रेयः परधर्मो भयावहः Bg.3.35.
    -3 peculiarity, one's own rights.
    -निघ्न a. depending on or subservi- ent to oneself; (पुराणि च) निगृह्य निग्रहाभिज्ञो निन्ये नेता स्वनिघ्नताम् Śiva B.25.9.
    -पक्षः 1 one's own side or party.
    -2 a friend.
    -3 one's own opinion.
    -पणः one's own stake.
    -परमण्डलम् one's own and an enemy's country.
    -प्रकाश a.
    1 self-evident.
    -2 self-luminous.
    -प्रतिष्ठ a. astringent.
    -प्रधान a. independent.
    -प्रयोगात् ind. by means of one's own efforts.
    -बीजः the soul.
    -भटः 1 one's own warrior.
    -2 bodyguard.
    -भावः 1 own state.
    -2 an essential or inherent property, natu- ral constitution, innate or peculiar disposition, nature; स्वभावहेतुजा भावाः Mb.12.211.3; पौरुषं कारणं केचिदाहुः कर्मसु मानवाः । दैवमेके प्रशंसन्ति स्वभावमपरे जनाः ॥ 12.238.4; Bg.5.14; स्वभावो दुरतिक्रमः Subhāṣ.; so कुटिल˚, शुद्ध˚, मृदु˚, चपल˚, कठिन˚ &c. ˚आत्मक a. natural, inborn; स्वभावतः प्रवृत्तो यः प्राप्नोत्यर्थ न कारणात्। तत् स्वभावात्मकं विद्धि फलं पुरुष- सत्तम ॥ Mb.3.32.19. ˚उक्तिः f.
    1 spontaneous declara- tion.
    -2 (in Rhet.) a figure of speech which consists in describing a thing to the life, or with exact resem- blance; स्वभावोक्तिस्तु डिम्भादेः स्वक्रियारूपवर्णनम् K. P.1, or नानावस्थं पदार्थानां रूपं साक्षाद्विवृण्वती Kāv.2.8. ˚ज a. innate, natural. ˚भावः natural disposition. ˚वादः the doctrine that the universe was produced and is sustained by the natural and necessary action of substances according to their inherent properties, (and not by the agency of a Supreme Being). ˚सिद्ध a. natural, sponta- neous, inborn.
    -भूः m.
    1 an epithet of Brahman.
    -2 of Śiva.
    -3 of Viṣṇu. -f. one's own country, home.
    -मनीषा own judgement.
    -मनीषिका indifference.
    -मात्रेण ind. by one's self.
    -युतिः the line which joins the extremities of the perpendicular and diagonal.
    -यूथ्यः a relation.
    -योनि a. related on the mother's side. (-m., f.) own womb, one's own place of birth. (-f.) a sister or near female relative; रेतःसेकः स्वयोनीषु कुमारीष्वन्त्यजासु च (गुरुतल्पसमं विदुः) Ms.11.58.
    -रसः 1 natural taste.
    -2 proper taste or sentiment in com- position.
    -3 a kind of astringent juice.
    -4 the residue of oily substances (ground on a stone.)
    -राज् a.
    1 self-luminons; त्वमकरणः स्वराडखिलकारकशक्तिधरः Bhāg.1. 87.28.
    -2 self-wise; Bhāg.1.1.1. -m.
    1 the Supreme Being.
    -2 one of the seven rays of the sun.
    -3 N. of Brahmā; दिदृक्षुरागादृषिभिर्वृतः स्वराट् Bhāg.3.18.2.
    -4 N. of Viṣṇ&u; हस्तौ च निरभिद्येतां बलं ताभ्यां ततः स्वराट् Bhāg.3. 26.59.
    -5 a king with a revenue of 5 lacs to one crore Karṣas; ततस्तु कोटिपर्यन्तः स्वराट् सम्राट् ततः परम् Śukra.1. 185.
    -राज्यम् 1 independent dominion or sovereignty.
    -2 own kingdom.
    -राष्ट्रम् own kingdom.
    -रुचिः one's own pleasure.
    -रूप a.
    1 similar, like.
    -2 handsome, pleasing, lovely.
    -3 learned, wise.
    (-पम्) 1 one's own form or shape, natural state or condition; तत्रान्यस्य कथं न भावि जगतो यस्मात् स्वरूपं हि तत् Pt.1.159.
    -2 natural character or form, true constitution.
    -3 nature.
    -4 peculiar aim.
    -5 kind, sort, species. ˚असिद्धि f. one of the three forms of fallacy called असिद्ध q. v.
    -लक्षणम् a peculiar characteristic or property.
    -लोकः 1 one's own form (आत्मरूप); व्यर्थो$पि नैवोपरमेत पुंसां मत्तः परावृत्तधियां स्वलोकात् Bhāg.11.22.34.
    -2 self-knowledge; पुष्णन् स्वलोकाय न कल्पते वै Bhāg.7.6.16.
    -बत् a. possessed of property; स्ववती श्रुत्यनुरोधात् ŚB. on MS.6.1.2.
    -वश a.
    1 self-controlled.
    -2 independent.
    -वहित a.
    1 self-impelled.
    -2 alert, active.
    -वासिनी a woman whether married or unmarried who continues to live after maturity in her father's house.
    -विग्रहः one's own body.
    -विषयः one's own country, home.
    -वृत्तम् one's own business.
    -वृत्ति a. living by one's own exertions.
    -संविद् f. the knowledge of one's own or the true essence.
    -संवृत a. self-protected, self-guarded; मायां नित्यं स्वसंवृतः Ms.7.14.
    -संवेदनम् knowledge derived from one's self.
    -संस्था 1 self-abiding.
    -2 self-possession.
    -3 ab- sorption in one's own self; उन्मत्तमत्तजडवत्स्वसंस्थां गतस्य मे वीर चिकित्सितेन Bhāg.5.1.13.
    -स्थ a.
    1 self-abiding.
    -2 self-dependent, relying on one's own exer- tions, confident, firm, resolute; स्वस्थं तं सूचयन्तीव वञ्चितो$सीति वीक्षितैः Bu. Ch.4.37.
    -3 independent.
    -4 doing well, well, in health, at ease, comfortable; स्वस्थ एवास्मि Māl.4; स्वस्थे को वा न पण्डितः Pt.1.127; see अखस्थ also.
    -5 contented, happy. (
    -स्थम्) ind. at ease, comfortably, composedly.
    -स्थानम् one's own place or home, one's own abode; नक्रः स्वस्थानमासाद्य गजेन्द्रमपि कर्षति Pt.3.46. ˚विवृद्धिः (Mīmāṁsā) augmen- tation in its own place (opp. दण्डकलितवत् आवृत्तिः); तत्र पूर्णे पुनरावृत्तिर्नास्तीति दण्डकलितवद् न स्यात् । न च वृद्ध्या विना तद न्तरं पूर्यते इति स्वस्थानविवृद्धिरागतेति ŚB. on MS.1.5.83.
    -स्वरूपम् one's true character.
    -हन्तृ m. suicide.
    -हरणम् confiscation of property.
    -हस्तः one's own hand or handwriting, an autograph; see under हस्त.
    -हस्तिका an axe.
    -हित a. beneficial to oneself (
    -तम्) one's own good or advantage, one's own welfare.
    -हेतुः one's own cause.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > स्व _sva

  • 89 Geben

    n; -s, kein Pl.
    1. giving; es ist alles ein Geben und Nehmen it’s all a matter of give and take; Geben ist seliger denn Nehmen BIBL. it is more blessed to give than to receive
    2. Kartenspiel: am Geben sein be dealing, be the dealer; er ist am Geben it’s his deal
    * * *
    to hand; to deal; to give
    * * *
    ge|ben ['geːbn] pret gab [gaːp] ptp gegeben [gə'geːbn]
    1. TRANSITIVES VERB
    1) to give; (= reichen) to give, to pass; Schatten, Kühle to provide

    gibs mir!give it to me!, give me it!

    könnten Sie mir die Butter/den Korkenzieher geben? — could you pass me the butter/the corkscrew?

    (von jdm) etw geben lassen — to ask (sb) for sth

    ich gäbe viel darum, zu... — I'd give a lot to...

    jdm einen Tritt gebento give sb a kick; (figinf) to give sb the boot (inf)

    ein gutes Beispiel gebento set a good example

    jdn/etw verloren geben — to give sb/sth up for lost

    2) = Cards to deal

    er hat mir drei Asse und zwei Buben gegebenhe dealt me three aces and two jacks

    3) = gewähren, verleihen to give; Thema, Aufgabe, Problem to set

    einen Elfmeter/einen Freistoß geben — to give a penalty kick/a free kick

    gebe Gott, dass... — God grant that...

    Taktgefühl ist ihm nicht gegebenhe's not over-endowed with tact

    es war ihm nicht gegeben, seine Eltern lebend wiederzusehen — he was not to see his parents alive again

    4) = schicken, übergeben to send; (dial = tun) to put

    in die Post gebento post (Brit), to mail (esp US)

    ein Kind in Pflege gebento put a child in care

    Milch an den Teig geben (dial)to add milk to the dough

    5) = ergeben, erzeugen to produce

    2 + 2 gibt 4 — 2 + 2 makes 4

    ein Pfund gibt fünf Klößea pound will make five dumplings

    das gibt Ärger/Probleme — that will cause trouble/problems

    6) = veranstalten Konzert, Fest to give; Theaterstück etc to do

    am Schillertheater geben sie wieder "Maria Stuart" — they are doing "Maria Stuart" at the Schillertheater again

    was wird heute im Theater gegeben?what's on at the theatre (Brit) or theater (US) today?

    7) = unterrichten to teach

    Englisch/Deutsch geben — to teach English/German

    er gibt Nachhilfeunterricht/Tanzstunden — he gives private tuition/dancing lessons (Brit), he does tutoring/gives dancing lessons

    8) andere Wendungendiams; viel/nicht viel auf etw (acc) geben to set great/little store by sth

    ich gebe nicht viel auf seinen RatI don't think much of his advicediams; etw von sich geben Laut, Worte, Flüche to utter; Meinung to express

    was er gestern von sich gegeben hat, war wieder einmal völlig unverständlich — what he was going on about yesterday was, as ever, completely incomprehensible

    2. INTRANSITIVES VERB

    der links von mir Sitzende gibtthe person sitting on my left deals

    wer gibt?whose deal is it?, whose turn is it to deal?

    2) SPORT = Aufschlag haben to serve
    3. UNPERSÖNLICHES VERB
    diams; es gibt (+sing) there is; (+pl) there are

    darauf gibt es 10% Rabatt — you get 10% discount on it

    wann gibts was zu essen? – es gibt gleich was — when are we going to get something to eat? – it's on its way

    was gibts? — what's the matter?, what is it?

    das gibts nicht, dass ein Vegetarier Metzger wird — it's impossible, a vegetarian wouldn't become a butcher, it's inconceivable that a vegetarian would become a butcher

    so was gibts bei uns nicht! (inf)that's just not on! (inf)

    4. REFLEXIVES VERB
    1) diams; sich geben = nachlassen Regen to ease off; (Schmerzen) to ease, to lessen; (Leidenschaft, Begeisterung) to lessen, to cool; (freches Benehmen) to lessen
    2)

    = aufgeben, ergeben sich gefangen geben — to give oneself up

    See:
    3) = sich erledigen to sort itself out; (= aufhören) to stop

    machen Sie erst mal die dringensten Sachen, der Rest wird sich (von alleine) geben — do the most urgent things first, the rest will sort itself out

    gibt sich das bald! (inf)cut it out! (inf)

    4) = sich benehmen to behave

    sich freundlich geben — to behave in a friendly way, to be friendly

    sich als große Dame geben — to play the great lady

    sich von oben herab geben — to behave condescendingly, to be condescending

    nach außen gab er sich heiter — outwardly he seemed quite cheerful

    sie gibt sich, wie sie ist — she's completely genuine, there's no pretence (Brit) or pretense (US) with her

    * * *
    1) (to give, especially for a particular purpose or regularly: His father allows him too much money.) allow
    2) (to give (something) to someone by hand: I handed him the book; He handed it back to me; I'll go up the ladder, and you can hand the tools up to me.) hand
    3) (the act of dividing cards among players in a card game.) deal
    4) (to distribute (cards).) deal
    5) (to cause to have: My aunt gave me a book for Christmas; Can you give me an opinion on this?) give
    6) (to produce (something): Cows give milk but horses do not; He gave a talk on his travels.) give
    7) (to organize (some event etc): We're giving a party next week.) give
    * * *
    ge·ben
    [ˈge:bn̩]
    1.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    jdm etw \geben to give sb sth, to give sth to sb
    gibst du mir bitte mal das Brot? could you give [or hand] me the bread, please? [or pass]
    ich würde alles darum \geben, ihn noch einmal zu sehen I would give anything to see him again; (beim Kartenspiel) to deal
    du hast mir 3 Joker gegeben you've dealt me 3 jokers
    wer gibt jetzt? whose turn is it to deal?
    2.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    (schenken) to give [as a present]
    3.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    jdm die [o seine] Telefonnummer \geben to give sb one's telephone number
    sich dat etw [von jdm] \geben lassen to ask [sb] for sth
    er ließ sich die Speisekarte \geben he asked for the menu
    4.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    jdm etw \geben to get sb sth; (bezahlen)
    [jdm] etw für etw akk \geben to give [sb] sth for sth
    was darf ich Ihnen \geben? what can I get you?
    darf ich Ihnen sonst noch was \geben? can I get you anything else?
    \geben Sie mir bitte fünf Brötchen I'd like five bread rolls please
    ich gebe Ihnen 500 Euro für das Bild I'll give you [or let you have] 500 euros for the picture
    Preisnachlass/Skonto \geben to give a reduction/cash discount
    5.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    etw gibt jdm etw sth gives [sb] sth
    Schutz/Schatten \geben to give [or provide] protection/shade
    6.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    einen Preis \geben to award a prize
    Titel/Namen \geben to give a title/name
    diese erfreuliche Nachricht gab ihr neue Zuversicht this welcome piece of news gave her new confidence
    der Gedanke an eine Rettung gab uns immer wieder Kraft the thought of being rescued always gave us strength
    7.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    TELEK (telefonisch verbinden)
    jdm jdn \geben to put sb through to sb
    \geben Sie mir bitte Frau Schmidt can I speak to Mrs Smith, please
    8.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    jdm etw \geben to give [or set] sb sth
    eine Aufgabe/ein Problem/ein Thema \geben to set a task/problem/topic
    9.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    etw \geben to give sth
    der Minister wird eine Pressekonferenz \geben the minister will give [or hold] a press conference
    10.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    jd gibt [jdm] etw sb gives [or allows] [sb] sth
    jdm einen Namen \geben to name a person
    jdm ein Interview \geben to grant sb an interview
    jdm eine Verwarnung \geben to give sb a warning; SPORT to book sb
    einen Freistoß \geben FBALL to award a free-kick
    11.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    ein Theaterstück \geben to put on a play
    12.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    ein Fest \geben to give a party
    13.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    etw/jdn irgendwohin \geben akk to send sth/sb somewhere
    sein Auto in [die] Reparatur \geben to have one's car repaired
    sein Kind in ein Internat \geben to send one's child to boarding school
    dürfen wir während unseres Urlaubs unsere Katze zu euch \geben? can you take our cat while we're away?
    14.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    KOCHK (fam: tun)
    etw in etw akk/an etw akk \geben, etw zu etw dat \geben to add sth to sth
    Wein in die Soße \geben to add wine to the sauce
    15.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    etw \geben to produce sth
    sieben mal sieben gibt neunundvierzig seven times seven equals forty-nine, seven sevens are forty-nine
    Rotwein gibt Flecken red wine stains [or leaves stains]
    keinen Sinn \geben that makes no sense
    ein Wort gab das andere one word led to another
    16.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    etw \geben to teach sth
    Nachhilfestunden \geben to give private tuition
    Unterricht \geben to teach
    jdm etw zu tun \geben to give sb sth to do
    17.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    etw von sich dat \geben to utter sth
    er gab wenig Worte von sich he said very little
    18.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    (euph fam: sich erbrechen)
    etw [wieder] von sich dat \geben to throw up [sth], to bring up sth sep [again] euph
    19.
    es jdm \geben (fam) to let sb have it fam
    gib's ihm! let him have it!
    jdm ist etw nicht gegeben sth is not given to sb
    nicht allen ist es gegeben, einem solchen Ereignis beizuwohnen not everybody gets the opportunity to be present at such an event
    es war ihm nicht gegeben, seine Heimatstadt wiederzusehen he was not destined to see his home town again
    nichts auf etw akk \geben to think nothing of sth
    jdm etw zu tun \geben to give sb sth to do
    das wird ihm für die nächsten Monate zu tun geben! that'll keep him busy for the next few months!
    das sollte der Firmenleitung zu denken \geben that should give the company management something to think about!
    viel/nicht viel auf etw akk \geben to set great/not much store by sth
    ich gebe nicht viel auf die Gerüchte I don't pay much attention to rumours
    1.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    KARTEN (austeilen) to deal
    jetzt hast du genug gemischt, gib endlich! you've shuffled enough now, just deal them!
    2.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    SPORT (Aufschlag haben) to serve
    du gibst! it's your serve
    1.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    (gereicht werden)
    es gibt etw there is sth
    hoffentlich gibt es bald was zu essen! I hope there's something to eat soon!
    was gibt es zum Frühstück? what's for breakfast?
    freitags gibt es bei uns immer Fisch we always have fish on Fridays
    2.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    es gibt etw there is sth
    heute gibt es noch Regen it'll rain today
    hat es sonst noch etwas gegeben, als ich weg war? has anything else happened while I was away
    was wird das noch geben? where will it all lead to?
    gleich gibt es was (fam) there's going to be trouble
    3.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    etw/jdn gibt es there's sth/sb
    das gibt's nicht! (fam) no way!, nothing doing!, forget it!
    das gibt es nicht, dass du einfach meinen Wagen nimmst there's no way that you're taking [or using] my car
    ein Bär mit zwei Köpfen? das gibt es nicht! a bear with two heads? there's no such thing!
    das gibt's doch nicht! (fam) that's unbelievable
    so was gibt es bei uns nicht! that's not on [as far as we're concerned]!
    was gibt's? (fam) what's the matter, what's up fam
    was es nicht alles gibt! (fam) well, I'll be damned! fam, stone me! sl, stone the crows BRIT sl
    4.
    da gibt es nichts! (fam) there are no two ways about it
    seine Lieder sind einmalig, da gibt es nichts! there's no doubt about it, his songs are unique
    1.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    etw gibt sich sth eases [off] [or lets up]
    das gibt sich it will sort itself out
    die Kopfschmerzen werden sich \geben your headache will go off
    diese Aufsässigkeit wird sich bald von ganz alleine \geben this rebelliousness will soon die down of its own accord; (sich erledigen) to sort itself out
    manches gibt sich von selbst wieder some things sort themselves out
    das wird sich schon \geben it will all work out [for the best]
    2.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    sich akk als etw \geben to behave in a certain way
    sie gab sich sehr überrascht she acted very surprised
    nach außen gab er sich heiter outwardly he behaved cheerfully
    sie gibt sich, wie sie ist she doesn't try to be anything she isn't
    sich akk von der besten Seite \geben to show one's best side
    3.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    (sich finden, ergeben)
    etw gibt sich sth arises
    es wird sich schon noch eine Gelegenheit \geben there's sure to be another opportunity
    * * *
    1.
    unregelmäßiges transitives Verb
    1) give; (reichen) give; hand; pass

    geben Sie mir bitte Herrn N. — please put me through to Mr N.

    ich gäbe viel darum, wenn ich das machen könnte — I'd give a lot to be able to do that

    etwas [nicht] aus der Hand geben — [not] let go of something

    geben Sie mir bitte ein Bier — I'll have a beer, please

    Geben ist seliger denn Nehmen(Spr.) it is more blessed to give than to receive (prov.)

    etwas in Druck (Akk.) od. zum Druck geben — send something to press or to be printed; s. auch Pflege

    3) (gewähren) give

    einen Elfmeter geben(Sport) award a penalty

    4) (bieten) give
    5) (versetzen) give <slap, kick, etc.>

    es jemandem geben(ugs.): (jemandem die Meinung sagen) give somebody what for (sl.); (jemanden verprügeln) let somebody have it

    gib [es] ihm! — (ugs.) let him have it!

    6) (erteilen) give
    7) (hervorbringen) give <milk, shade, light>
    8) (veranstalten) give, throw < party>; give, lay on < banquet>; give < dinner party, ball>
    9) (aufführen) give <concert, performance>

    das Theater gibt den ‘Faust’ — the theatre is putting on ‘Faust’

    drei mal drei gibt neun — three threes are nine; three times three is or makes nine

    das gibt [k]einen Sinn — that makes [no] sense

    11) in

    Unsinn/dummes Zeug von sich geben — (abwertend) talk nonsense/rubbish

    keinen Laut/Ton von sich geben — not make a sound

    13) in

    viel/wenig auf etwas (Akk.) geben — set great/little store by something

    14) (hinzugeben) add; put in

    etwas an das Essen gebenadd something to or put something into the food

    15) (ugs.): (erbrechen)

    alles wieder von sich gebenbring or (coll.) sick everything up again

    2.
    unregelmäßiges transitives Verb; unpers
    1) (vorhanden sein)

    es gibt — there is/are

    das gibt es ja gar nicht — I don't believe it; you're joking (coll.)

    Kommen Sie herein. Was gibt es? — Come in. What's the matter or (coll.) what's up?

    was es nicht alles gibt!(ugs.) what will they think of next?

    da gibt's nichts(ugs.) there's no denying it or no doubt about it

    da gibt's nichts, da würde ich sofort protestieren — there's nothing else for it, I'd protest immediately in that case

    was gibt es zu essen/trinken? — what is there to eat/drink?

    morgen gibt es Schnee/Sturm — it'll snow tomorrow/there'll be a storm tomorrow

    gleich/sonst gibt's was — (ugs.) there'll be trouble in a minute/otherwise

    3.
    unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb
    1) (Karten austeilen) deal
    2) (Sport): (aufschlagen) serve
    4.
    1)

    sich [natürlich] geben — act or behave [naturally]

    sich nach außen hin gelassen geben — give the appearance of being relaxed

    deine Art, dich zu geben — the way you behave

    das Fieber wird sich geben — his/her etc. temperature will drop

    das gibt sich/wird sich noch geben — it will get better

    * * *
    Geben n; -s, kein pl
    1. giving;
    es ist alles ein Geben und Nehmen it’s all a matter of give and take;
    Geben ist seliger denn Nehmen BIBEL it is more blessed to give than to receive
    am Geben sein be dealing, be the dealer;
    er ist am Geben it’s his deal
    * * *
    1.
    unregelmäßiges transitives Verb
    1) give; (reichen) give; hand; pass

    geben Sie mir bitte Herrn N. — please put me through to Mr N.

    ich gäbe viel darum, wenn ich das machen könnte — I'd give a lot to be able to do that

    etwas [nicht] aus der Hand geben — [not] let go of something

    geben Sie mir bitte ein Bier — I'll have a beer, please

    Geben ist seliger denn Nehmen(Spr.) it is more blessed to give than to receive (prov.)

    etwas in Druck (Akk.) od. zum Druck geben — send something to press or to be printed; s. auch Pflege

    3) (gewähren) give

    einen Elfmeter geben (Sport) award a penalty

    4) (bieten) give
    5) (versetzen) give <slap, kick, etc.>

    es jemandem geben(ugs.): (jemandem die Meinung sagen) give somebody what for (sl.); (jemanden verprügeln) let somebody have it

    gib [es] ihm! — (ugs.) let him have it!

    6) (erteilen) give
    7) (hervorbringen) give <milk, shade, light>
    8) (veranstalten) give, throw < party>; give, lay on < banquet>; give <dinner party, ball>
    9) (aufführen) give <concert, performance>

    das Theater gibt den ‘Faust’ — the theatre is putting on ‘Faust’

    drei mal drei gibt neun — three threes are nine; three times three is or makes nine

    das gibt [k]einen Sinn — that makes [no] sense

    11) in

    Unsinn/dummes Zeug von sich geben — (abwertend) talk nonsense/rubbish

    keinen Laut/Ton von sich geben — not make a sound

    13) in

    viel/wenig auf etwas (Akk.) geben — set great/little store by something

    14) (hinzugeben) add; put in

    etwas an das Essen gebenadd something to or put something into the food

    15) (ugs.): (erbrechen)

    alles wieder von sich gebenbring or (coll.) sick everything up again

    2.
    unregelmäßiges transitives Verb; unpers

    es gibt — there is/are

    das gibt es ja gar nicht — I don't believe it; you're joking (coll.)

    Kommen Sie herein. Was gibt es? — Come in. What's the matter or (coll.) what's up?

    was es nicht alles gibt!(ugs.) what will they think of next?

    da gibt's nichts(ugs.) there's no denying it or no doubt about it

    da gibt's nichts, da würde ich sofort protestieren — there's nothing else for it, I'd protest immediately in that case

    was gibt es zu essen/trinken? — what is there to eat/drink?

    morgen gibt es Schnee/Sturm — it'll snow tomorrow/there'll be a storm tomorrow

    gleich/sonst gibt's was — (ugs.) there'll be trouble in a minute/otherwise

    3.
    unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb
    4.
    1)

    sich [natürlich] geben — act or behave [naturally]

    deine Art, dich zu geben — the way you behave

    das Fieber wird sich geben — his/her etc. temperature will drop

    das gibt sich/wird sich noch geben — it will get better

    * * *
    v.
    (§ p.,pp.: gab, gegeben)
    = to deal v.
    to give v.
    (§ p.,p.p.: gave, given)
    to perform v.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Geben

  • 90 geben

    n; -s, kein Pl.
    1. giving; es ist alles ein Geben und Nehmen it’s all a matter of give and take; Geben ist seliger denn Nehmen BIBL. it is more blessed to give than to receive
    2. Kartenspiel: am Geben sein be dealing, be the dealer; er ist am Geben it’s his deal
    * * *
    to hand; to deal; to give
    * * *
    ge|ben ['geːbn] pret gab [gaːp] ptp gegeben [gə'geːbn]
    1. TRANSITIVES VERB
    1) to give; (= reichen) to give, to pass; Schatten, Kühle to provide

    gibs mir!give it to me!, give me it!

    könnten Sie mir die Butter/den Korkenzieher geben? — could you pass me the butter/the corkscrew?

    (von jdm) etw geben lassen — to ask (sb) for sth

    ich gäbe viel darum, zu... — I'd give a lot to...

    jdm einen Tritt gebento give sb a kick; (figinf) to give sb the boot (inf)

    ein gutes Beispiel gebento set a good example

    jdn/etw verloren geben — to give sb/sth up for lost

    2) = Cards to deal

    er hat mir drei Asse und zwei Buben gegebenhe dealt me three aces and two jacks

    3) = gewähren, verleihen to give; Thema, Aufgabe, Problem to set

    einen Elfmeter/einen Freistoß geben — to give a penalty kick/a free kick

    gebe Gott, dass... — God grant that...

    Taktgefühl ist ihm nicht gegebenhe's not over-endowed with tact

    es war ihm nicht gegeben, seine Eltern lebend wiederzusehen — he was not to see his parents alive again

    4) = schicken, übergeben to send; (dial = tun) to put

    in die Post gebento post (Brit), to mail (esp US)

    ein Kind in Pflege gebento put a child in care

    Milch an den Teig geben (dial)to add milk to the dough

    5) = ergeben, erzeugen to produce

    2 + 2 gibt 4 — 2 + 2 makes 4

    ein Pfund gibt fünf Klößea pound will make five dumplings

    das gibt Ärger/Probleme — that will cause trouble/problems

    6) = veranstalten Konzert, Fest to give; Theaterstück etc to do

    am Schillertheater geben sie wieder "Maria Stuart" — they are doing "Maria Stuart" at the Schillertheater again

    was wird heute im Theater gegeben?what's on at the theatre (Brit) or theater (US) today?

    7) = unterrichten to teach

    Englisch/Deutsch geben — to teach English/German

    er gibt Nachhilfeunterricht/Tanzstunden — he gives private tuition/dancing lessons (Brit), he does tutoring/gives dancing lessons

    8) andere Wendungendiams; viel/nicht viel auf etw (acc) geben to set great/little store by sth

    ich gebe nicht viel auf seinen RatI don't think much of his advicediams; etw von sich geben Laut, Worte, Flüche to utter; Meinung to express

    was er gestern von sich gegeben hat, war wieder einmal völlig unverständlich — what he was going on about yesterday was, as ever, completely incomprehensible

    2. INTRANSITIVES VERB

    der links von mir Sitzende gibtthe person sitting on my left deals

    wer gibt?whose deal is it?, whose turn is it to deal?

    2) SPORT = Aufschlag haben to serve
    3. UNPERSÖNLICHES VERB
    diams; es gibt (+sing) there is; (+pl) there are

    darauf gibt es 10% Rabatt — you get 10% discount on it

    wann gibts was zu essen? – es gibt gleich was — when are we going to get something to eat? – it's on its way

    was gibts? — what's the matter?, what is it?

    das gibts nicht, dass ein Vegetarier Metzger wird — it's impossible, a vegetarian wouldn't become a butcher, it's inconceivable that a vegetarian would become a butcher

    so was gibts bei uns nicht! (inf)that's just not on! (inf)

    4. REFLEXIVES VERB
    1) diams; sich geben = nachlassen Regen to ease off; (Schmerzen) to ease, to lessen; (Leidenschaft, Begeisterung) to lessen, to cool; (freches Benehmen) to lessen
    2)

    = aufgeben, ergeben sich gefangen geben — to give oneself up

    See:
    3) = sich erledigen to sort itself out; (= aufhören) to stop

    machen Sie erst mal die dringensten Sachen, der Rest wird sich (von alleine) geben — do the most urgent things first, the rest will sort itself out

    gibt sich das bald! (inf)cut it out! (inf)

    4) = sich benehmen to behave

    sich freundlich geben — to behave in a friendly way, to be friendly

    sich als große Dame geben — to play the great lady

    sich von oben herab geben — to behave condescendingly, to be condescending

    nach außen gab er sich heiter — outwardly he seemed quite cheerful

    sie gibt sich, wie sie ist — she's completely genuine, there's no pretence (Brit) or pretense (US) with her

    * * *
    1) (to give, especially for a particular purpose or regularly: His father allows him too much money.) allow
    2) (to give (something) to someone by hand: I handed him the book; He handed it back to me; I'll go up the ladder, and you can hand the tools up to me.) hand
    3) (the act of dividing cards among players in a card game.) deal
    4) (to distribute (cards).) deal
    5) (to cause to have: My aunt gave me a book for Christmas; Can you give me an opinion on this?) give
    6) (to produce (something): Cows give milk but horses do not; He gave a talk on his travels.) give
    7) (to organize (some event etc): We're giving a party next week.) give
    * * *
    ge·ben
    [ˈge:bn̩]
    1.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    jdm etw \geben to give sb sth, to give sth to sb
    gibst du mir bitte mal das Brot? could you give [or hand] me the bread, please? [or pass]
    ich würde alles darum \geben, ihn noch einmal zu sehen I would give anything to see him again; (beim Kartenspiel) to deal
    du hast mir 3 Joker gegeben you've dealt me 3 jokers
    wer gibt jetzt? whose turn is it to deal?
    2.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    (schenken) to give [as a present]
    3.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    jdm die [o seine] Telefonnummer \geben to give sb one's telephone number
    sich dat etw [von jdm] \geben lassen to ask [sb] for sth
    er ließ sich die Speisekarte \geben he asked for the menu
    4.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    jdm etw \geben to get sb sth; (bezahlen)
    [jdm] etw für etw akk \geben to give [sb] sth for sth
    was darf ich Ihnen \geben? what can I get you?
    darf ich Ihnen sonst noch was \geben? can I get you anything else?
    \geben Sie mir bitte fünf Brötchen I'd like five bread rolls please
    ich gebe Ihnen 500 Euro für das Bild I'll give you [or let you have] 500 euros for the picture
    Preisnachlass/Skonto \geben to give a reduction/cash discount
    5.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    etw gibt jdm etw sth gives [sb] sth
    Schutz/Schatten \geben to give [or provide] protection/shade
    6.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    einen Preis \geben to award a prize
    Titel/Namen \geben to give a title/name
    diese erfreuliche Nachricht gab ihr neue Zuversicht this welcome piece of news gave her new confidence
    der Gedanke an eine Rettung gab uns immer wieder Kraft the thought of being rescued always gave us strength
    7.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    TELEK (telefonisch verbinden)
    jdm jdn \geben to put sb through to sb
    \geben Sie mir bitte Frau Schmidt can I speak to Mrs Smith, please
    8.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    jdm etw \geben to give [or set] sb sth
    eine Aufgabe/ein Problem/ein Thema \geben to set a task/problem/topic
    9.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    etw \geben to give sth
    der Minister wird eine Pressekonferenz \geben the minister will give [or hold] a press conference
    10.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    jd gibt [jdm] etw sb gives [or allows] [sb] sth
    jdm einen Namen \geben to name a person
    jdm ein Interview \geben to grant sb an interview
    jdm eine Verwarnung \geben to give sb a warning; SPORT to book sb
    einen Freistoß \geben FBALL to award a free-kick
    11.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    ein Theaterstück \geben to put on a play
    12.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    ein Fest \geben to give a party
    13.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    etw/jdn irgendwohin \geben akk to send sth/sb somewhere
    sein Auto in [die] Reparatur \geben to have one's car repaired
    sein Kind in ein Internat \geben to send one's child to boarding school
    dürfen wir während unseres Urlaubs unsere Katze zu euch \geben? can you take our cat while we're away?
    14.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    KOCHK (fam: tun)
    etw in etw akk/an etw akk \geben, etw zu etw dat \geben to add sth to sth
    Wein in die Soße \geben to add wine to the sauce
    15.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    etw \geben to produce sth
    sieben mal sieben gibt neunundvierzig seven times seven equals forty-nine, seven sevens are forty-nine
    Rotwein gibt Flecken red wine stains [or leaves stains]
    keinen Sinn \geben that makes no sense
    ein Wort gab das andere one word led to another
    16.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    etw \geben to teach sth
    Nachhilfestunden \geben to give private tuition
    Unterricht \geben to teach
    jdm etw zu tun \geben to give sb sth to do
    17.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    etw von sich dat \geben to utter sth
    er gab wenig Worte von sich he said very little
    18.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    (euph fam: sich erbrechen)
    etw [wieder] von sich dat \geben to throw up [sth], to bring up sth sep [again] euph
    19.
    es jdm \geben (fam) to let sb have it fam
    gib's ihm! let him have it!
    jdm ist etw nicht gegeben sth is not given to sb
    nicht allen ist es gegeben, einem solchen Ereignis beizuwohnen not everybody gets the opportunity to be present at such an event
    es war ihm nicht gegeben, seine Heimatstadt wiederzusehen he was not destined to see his home town again
    nichts auf etw akk \geben to think nothing of sth
    jdm etw zu tun \geben to give sb sth to do
    das wird ihm für die nächsten Monate zu tun geben! that'll keep him busy for the next few months!
    das sollte der Firmenleitung zu denken \geben that should give the company management something to think about!
    viel/nicht viel auf etw akk \geben to set great/not much store by sth
    ich gebe nicht viel auf die Gerüchte I don't pay much attention to rumours
    1.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    KARTEN (austeilen) to deal
    jetzt hast du genug gemischt, gib endlich! you've shuffled enough now, just deal them!
    2.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    SPORT (Aufschlag haben) to serve
    du gibst! it's your serve
    1.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    (gereicht werden)
    es gibt etw there is sth
    hoffentlich gibt es bald was zu essen! I hope there's something to eat soon!
    was gibt es zum Frühstück? what's for breakfast?
    freitags gibt es bei uns immer Fisch we always have fish on Fridays
    2.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    es gibt etw there is sth
    heute gibt es noch Regen it'll rain today
    hat es sonst noch etwas gegeben, als ich weg war? has anything else happened while I was away
    was wird das noch geben? where will it all lead to?
    gleich gibt es was (fam) there's going to be trouble
    3.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    etw/jdn gibt es there's sth/sb
    das gibt's nicht! (fam) no way!, nothing doing!, forget it!
    das gibt es nicht, dass du einfach meinen Wagen nimmst there's no way that you're taking [or using] my car
    ein Bär mit zwei Köpfen? das gibt es nicht! a bear with two heads? there's no such thing!
    das gibt's doch nicht! (fam) that's unbelievable
    so was gibt es bei uns nicht! that's not on [as far as we're concerned]!
    was gibt's? (fam) what's the matter, what's up fam
    was es nicht alles gibt! (fam) well, I'll be damned! fam, stone me! sl, stone the crows BRIT sl
    4.
    da gibt es nichts! (fam) there are no two ways about it
    seine Lieder sind einmalig, da gibt es nichts! there's no doubt about it, his songs are unique
    1.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    etw gibt sich sth eases [off] [or lets up]
    das gibt sich it will sort itself out
    die Kopfschmerzen werden sich \geben your headache will go off
    diese Aufsässigkeit wird sich bald von ganz alleine \geben this rebelliousness will soon die down of its own accord; (sich erledigen) to sort itself out
    manches gibt sich von selbst wieder some things sort themselves out
    das wird sich schon \geben it will all work out [for the best]
    2.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    sich akk als etw \geben to behave in a certain way
    sie gab sich sehr überrascht she acted very surprised
    nach außen gab er sich heiter outwardly he behaved cheerfully
    sie gibt sich, wie sie ist she doesn't try to be anything she isn't
    sich akk von der besten Seite \geben to show one's best side
    3.
    <gibt, gab, gegeben>
    (sich finden, ergeben)
    etw gibt sich sth arises
    es wird sich schon noch eine Gelegenheit \geben there's sure to be another opportunity
    * * *
    1.
    unregelmäßiges transitives Verb
    1) give; (reichen) give; hand; pass

    geben Sie mir bitte Herrn N. — please put me through to Mr N.

    ich gäbe viel darum, wenn ich das machen könnte — I'd give a lot to be able to do that

    etwas [nicht] aus der Hand geben — [not] let go of something

    geben Sie mir bitte ein Bier — I'll have a beer, please

    Geben ist seliger denn Nehmen(Spr.) it is more blessed to give than to receive (prov.)

    etwas in Druck (Akk.) od. zum Druck geben — send something to press or to be printed; s. auch Pflege

    3) (gewähren) give

    einen Elfmeter geben(Sport) award a penalty

    4) (bieten) give
    5) (versetzen) give <slap, kick, etc.>

    es jemandem geben(ugs.): (jemandem die Meinung sagen) give somebody what for (sl.); (jemanden verprügeln) let somebody have it

    gib [es] ihm! — (ugs.) let him have it!

    6) (erteilen) give
    7) (hervorbringen) give <milk, shade, light>
    8) (veranstalten) give, throw < party>; give, lay on < banquet>; give < dinner party, ball>
    9) (aufführen) give <concert, performance>

    das Theater gibt den ‘Faust’ — the theatre is putting on ‘Faust’

    drei mal drei gibt neun — three threes are nine; three times three is or makes nine

    das gibt [k]einen Sinn — that makes [no] sense

    11) in

    Unsinn/dummes Zeug von sich geben — (abwertend) talk nonsense/rubbish

    keinen Laut/Ton von sich geben — not make a sound

    13) in

    viel/wenig auf etwas (Akk.) geben — set great/little store by something

    14) (hinzugeben) add; put in

    etwas an das Essen gebenadd something to or put something into the food

    15) (ugs.): (erbrechen)

    alles wieder von sich gebenbring or (coll.) sick everything up again

    2.
    unregelmäßiges transitives Verb; unpers
    1) (vorhanden sein)

    es gibt — there is/are

    das gibt es ja gar nicht — I don't believe it; you're joking (coll.)

    Kommen Sie herein. Was gibt es? — Come in. What's the matter or (coll.) what's up?

    was es nicht alles gibt!(ugs.) what will they think of next?

    da gibt's nichts(ugs.) there's no denying it or no doubt about it

    da gibt's nichts, da würde ich sofort protestieren — there's nothing else for it, I'd protest immediately in that case

    was gibt es zu essen/trinken? — what is there to eat/drink?

    morgen gibt es Schnee/Sturm — it'll snow tomorrow/there'll be a storm tomorrow

    gleich/sonst gibt's was — (ugs.) there'll be trouble in a minute/otherwise

    3.
    unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb
    1) (Karten austeilen) deal
    2) (Sport): (aufschlagen) serve
    4.
    1)

    sich [natürlich] geben — act or behave [naturally]

    sich nach außen hin gelassen geben — give the appearance of being relaxed

    deine Art, dich zu geben — the way you behave

    das Fieber wird sich geben — his/her etc. temperature will drop

    das gibt sich/wird sich noch geben — it will get better

    * * *
    geben; gibt, gab, hat gegeben
    A. v/t
    1. give (
    jemandem etwas sb sth, sth to sb); (reichen) auch hand; (schenken) auch present (with); (verleihen) auch lend; (Ball etc) (weitergeben) pass;
    etwas nicht aus der Hand geben (nicht hergeben) not let go of sth, not part with sth; fig (Leitung, Verantwortung) refuse to give up sth ( oder relinquish sth);
    jemandem zu trinken/essen geben give sb sth to drink/eat;
    jemandem seine Medizin geben (verabreichen) give sb his ( oder her) medicine;
    was gibst du mir dafür? what will you give me for it?;
    sich (dat)
    etwas geben lassen (bitten um, verlangen) ask for sth;
    jemandem etwas als Pfand/zur Aufbewahrung geben give sb sth as a pledge/for safekeeping;
    geben Sie mir bitte ein Bier/zwei Kilo Äpfel give me ( oder I’d like) a beer/two kilos of apples, please;
    geben Sie mir bitte Herrn Müller am Telefon: I’d like to speak to Mr ( oder Mr.) Müller, please, put me through to Mr ( oder Mr.) Müller, please;
    ich gäbe was drum zu wissen … umg I’d give anything to know …; Druck2, Hand1, Kommission, Pflege etc
    2. (Auskunft, Befehl, Erlaubnis, Hinweis etc) give; (gewähren) auch grant; (bieten) give, offer; (Hoffnung, Mut etc) give, fill sb with;
    jemandem keinen Anlass geben zu (+inf) give sb no cause to (+inf)
    jemandem eine/eine letzte Chance geben give sb a/one last chance;
    er hat noch viel/mir nichts zu geben (bieten) he still has plenty to offer/he has nothing to offer me;
    der Arzt gibt ihm noch zwei Monate (zu leben) fig the doctor gives him two more ( oder another two) months (to live); Antwort, Bescheid, Blöße, Wort etc
    3. (Konzert etc) give; (Theaterstück etc) perform, do umg; (Film) show; (Essen, Party) have, give; (Unterricht, Fach) teach;
    was wird heute Abend gegeben? what’s on tonight?;
    das Stück wurde drei Monate lang gegeben the play ran ( oder was on) for three months
    4. SPORT (Ecke, Elfmeter, Freistoß) give
    5. (Ertrag etc) give, yield;
    Milch geben give ( oder provide) milk
    6. (ergeben) make; (Flecken) make, leave;
    das gibt eine gute Suppe it makes a good soup;
    das gibt keinen Sinn it doesn’t make (any) sense;
    fünf mal sechs gibt dreißig five sixes are thirty, five times six is thirty
    7. (tun, legen, stecken etc) put; (hinzufügen) add;
    Salz in die Suppe geben put salt into ( oder add salt to) the soup
    8.
    von sich geben (Geräusch, Geruch) give off; CHEM emit; (Äußerung) make; (Schrei etc) give; (auch Flüche) let out;
    nichts als Unsinn von sich geben talk nothing but nonsense; Ton1
    9.
    viel geben auf gutes Benehmen etc: set great store by; besonders auf jemanden: think highly ( oder a lot) of;
    wenig/nichts geben auf Konventionen etc: set little/no store by, not bother much/at all about umg; auf jemanden: not think much of;
    ich gebe nichts auf i-e Worte I don’t believe a word she says, I don’t take anything she says seriously
    10. umg:
    es jemandem geben let sb have it, give it to sb;
    gib ihm Saures! give him hell,
    dem hab ich’s aber gegeben! I really let him have it ( oder gave it to him)!;
    gut gegeben! that’s telling him etc!
    B. v/i
    1. give (
    den Armen geben give to the poor;
    gern geben give willingly ( oder gladly)
    2. Kartenspiel: deal;
    wer gibt? whose deal is it?
    3. Tennis: serve
    4. unpers:
    es gibt (existiert, wird angeboten etc) there is, there are;
    es gibt Leute, die … some people …;
    der beste Spieler, den es je gab the best player there ever was;
    es gab viel zu tun there was a lot to do;
    es gab kein Entrinnen there was no escaping;
    was gibt es da noch zu überlegen? what is there still to think about?;
    was gibt es da zu lachen? ärgerlich: what’s funny about that?;
    was gibt’s? what’s up?; (was hast du) what’s the matter?;
    was gibt’s Neues? what’s new?;
    was gibt es zum Mittagessen? what’s for lunch?;
    was es nicht alles gibt! umg you don’t say!;
    das gibt’s nicht! (existert nicht) there’s no such thing; (das darf nicht wahr sein) you’re joking, that can’t be true; verbietend: that’s out;
    das gibt’s nicht - sie ist tatsächlich noch aufgetaucht! umg I don’t ( oder can’t) believe she actually turned up;
    Sachen gibt’s, die gibt’s nicht umg truth is often stranger than fiction, there are more things in heaven and earth (than are dreamed of in your philosophy); ungläubig: would you believe it!;
    gibt’s den denn noch? umg is he still around?;
    da gibt’s nichts! umg (ohne Zweifel) there’s no doubt about that, and no mistake about it; (unter allen Umständen) even if it kills me etc
    5. unpers; zukünftig:
    das gibt Ärger umg there’ll be trouble;
    morgen gibt es Schnee it’s going to snow ( oder there’s going to be snow) tomorrow;
    heute wird’s noch was geben (ein Gewitter) I think we’re in for some bad weather ( oder a storm); (einen Krach) auch there’s trouble brewing ( oder in the air);
    sei ruhig, sonst gibt’s was! umg be quiet, or else!
    C. v/r
    1. (sich benehmen) act, behave; (vorgeben) play, pretend;
    sich natürlich geben act naturally;
    geben play the expert etc, pose as an expert etc
    2. (nachlassen) ease up; (vorübergehen) pass, blow over; Leidenschaft etc: auch cool (down); Schmerzen: let up; völlig: go away; Fieber: go down; (wieder gut werden) come right;
    das gibt sich wieder auch it’ll sort itself out
    3.
    geben give o.s. up to ( oder resign o.s. to) one’s fate etc
    4. Gelegenheit: arise, present itself; gegeben
    * * *
    1.
    unregelmäßiges transitives Verb
    1) give; (reichen) give; hand; pass

    geben Sie mir bitte Herrn N. — please put me through to Mr N.

    ich gäbe viel darum, wenn ich das machen könnte — I'd give a lot to be able to do that

    etwas [nicht] aus der Hand geben — [not] let go of something

    geben Sie mir bitte ein Bier — I'll have a beer, please

    Geben ist seliger denn Nehmen(Spr.) it is more blessed to give than to receive (prov.)

    etwas in Druck (Akk.) od. zum Druck geben — send something to press or to be printed; s. auch Pflege

    3) (gewähren) give

    einen Elfmeter geben (Sport) award a penalty

    4) (bieten) give
    5) (versetzen) give <slap, kick, etc.>

    es jemandem geben(ugs.): (jemandem die Meinung sagen) give somebody what for (sl.); (jemanden verprügeln) let somebody have it

    gib [es] ihm! — (ugs.) let him have it!

    6) (erteilen) give
    7) (hervorbringen) give <milk, shade, light>
    8) (veranstalten) give, throw < party>; give, lay on < banquet>; give <dinner party, ball>
    9) (aufführen) give <concert, performance>

    das Theater gibt den ‘Faust’ — the theatre is putting on ‘Faust’

    drei mal drei gibt neun — three threes are nine; three times three is or makes nine

    das gibt [k]einen Sinn — that makes [no] sense

    11) in

    Unsinn/dummes Zeug von sich geben — (abwertend) talk nonsense/rubbish

    keinen Laut/Ton von sich geben — not make a sound

    13) in

    viel/wenig auf etwas (Akk.) geben — set great/little store by something

    14) (hinzugeben) add; put in

    etwas an das Essen gebenadd something to or put something into the food

    15) (ugs.): (erbrechen)

    alles wieder von sich gebenbring or (coll.) sick everything up again

    2.
    unregelmäßiges transitives Verb; unpers

    es gibt — there is/are

    das gibt es ja gar nicht — I don't believe it; you're joking (coll.)

    Kommen Sie herein. Was gibt es? — Come in. What's the matter or (coll.) what's up?

    was es nicht alles gibt!(ugs.) what will they think of next?

    da gibt's nichts(ugs.) there's no denying it or no doubt about it

    da gibt's nichts, da würde ich sofort protestieren — there's nothing else for it, I'd protest immediately in that case

    was gibt es zu essen/trinken? — what is there to eat/drink?

    morgen gibt es Schnee/Sturm — it'll snow tomorrow/there'll be a storm tomorrow

    gleich/sonst gibt's was — (ugs.) there'll be trouble in a minute/otherwise

    3.
    unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb
    4.
    1)

    sich [natürlich] geben — act or behave [naturally]

    deine Art, dich zu geben — the way you behave

    das Fieber wird sich geben — his/her etc. temperature will drop

    das gibt sich/wird sich noch geben — it will get better

    * * *
    v.
    (§ p.,pp.: gab, gegeben)
    = to deal v.
    to give v.
    (§ p.,p.p.: gave, given)
    to perform v.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > geben

  • 91 aspecto

    m.
    1 appearance (apariencia).
    tenía aspecto de vagabundo he looked like a tramp
    2 aspect (faceta).
    bajo este aspecto from this angle
    en todos los aspectos in every respect
    3 point of view, side.
    * * *
    1 (faceta) aspect, side, angle
    en el aspecto político from a political point of view, politically
    2 (apariencia) look, appearance
    ¿qué aspecto tenía? what did he look like?
    \
    en el aspecto de que in the sense that, in that
    * * *
    noun m.
    2) look
    * * *
    SM
    1) (=apariencia) look

    no lo conozco, pero no me gusta su aspecto — I don't know him, but I don't like the look of him

    un señor con aspecto de ejecutivo — a man who looks/looked like an executive

    ¿qué aspecto tenía? — what did he look like?

    tener buen aspecto — to look well

    tener mal aspecto, Juan tiene muy mal aspecto — Juan isn't looking good o well at all

    2) (=punto) aspect
    3) (Geog) aspect
    4) (Arquit) aspect
    5) (Ling) aspect
    6)

    al primer aspecto at first sight

    * * *
    1)
    a) (de persona, lugar) appearance

    ¿qué aspecto tiene? — what does he look like?

    b) (de problema, asunto)
    2) (rasgo, faceta)
    * * *
    = aspect, facet, twist, face, complexion, look and feel, look, respect, outward appearance.
    Ex. One of the most daunting aspect of music cataloguing arises from the fact that music and music recordings have international value.
    Ex. The extent to which each of these facets contributes towards a good abstract is a function of the style and type of abstract and the documents being abstracted.
    Ex. Given such a narrow area in which to write it would be argued that the miracle is how so many authors can continue to find new twists to such a restricted basic theme.
    Ex. Had this venture succeeded, the complete face of bibliographical control today would have been different.
    Ex. These documents contain the Commission's sentiments on how policy should be evolved in particular sectors and what complexion it should take = Estos documentos contienen el sentir de la Comisión de cómo debería desarrollarse la política en sectores concretos y qué cariz debería tomar.
    Ex. Paperback publishers know how strong an influence the look and feel of a book can have in attracting or repelling buyers.
    Ex. We went head-to-head with those that wanted a uniform look for the whole library Website!.
    Ex. However, the survey developed in the current study would need to be similar in other key respects to the water quality survey developed by Carson and Mitchell = No obstante, el cuestionario desarrollado en este estudio debería parecerse en otros aspectos importantes al cuestionario desarrollado por Carson y Mitchell sobre la calidad del agua.
    Ex. The path led to a cluster of buildings similar in outward appearances to those found in farmyards and stables.
    ----
    * arreglarse el aspecto = preen.
    * aspecto exterior = facade.
    * aspecto externo = outward appearance.
    * aspecto físico = physical appearance.
    * aspecto negativo = irritant.
    * aspectos básicos = nitty-gritty, nuts and bolts.
    * aspectos de la vida = sphere of life.
    * aspectos económicos = economics.
    * aspectos financieros = economics.
    * aspectos fundamentales = nitty-gritty.
    * aspectos más notables = highlights.
    * aspectos prácticos = nuts and bolts.
    * aspectos técnicos = engineering aspects.
    * aspecto técnico = technical aspect.
    * cambio de aspecto = lick of paint.
    * con aspecto de adulto = adult-looking.
    * dar un aspecto + Adjetivo = give + a + Adjetivo + look.
    * de aspecto = looking.
    * de aspecto antiguo = old-face.
    * de aspecto complicado = complicated-looking.
    * de aspecto impresionante = impressive-looking.
    * de aspecto nuevo = new-looking.
    * de aspecto poco profesional = botched-up.
    * de aspecto ruinoso = run-down.
    * de aspecto solemne = dignified.
    * de aspecto tosco = rough-looking.
    * de mal aspecto = seedy [seedier -comp., seediest -sup.], nasty looking, shanky [shankier -comp., shankiest -sup.].
    * el nuevo aspecto de = the changing face of, the changing nature of.
    * en + Cuantificador + aspectos = in + Cuantificador + respects.
    * en muchos aspectos = in most respects.
    * en todos los aspectos = all-round.
    * presentar un aspecto = present + a picture.
    * presentar un aspecto de = wear + a look of.
    * presentar un buen aspecto = look + good.
    * tener aspecto = look.
    * tener el mejor aspecto posible = look + Posesivo + best.
    * tener un aspecto = look and feel.
    * tener un aspecto + Adjetivo = have + a + Adjetivo + look.
    * tener un aspecto horrible = look + shit.
    * tener un buen aspecto = look + good.
    * un aspecto de = an air of.
    * * *
    1)
    a) (de persona, lugar) appearance

    ¿qué aspecto tiene? — what does he look like?

    b) (de problema, asunto)
    2) (rasgo, faceta)
    * * *
    = aspect, facet, twist, face, complexion, look and feel, look, respect, outward appearance.

    Ex: One of the most daunting aspect of music cataloguing arises from the fact that music and music recordings have international value.

    Ex: The extent to which each of these facets contributes towards a good abstract is a function of the style and type of abstract and the documents being abstracted.
    Ex: Given such a narrow area in which to write it would be argued that the miracle is how so many authors can continue to find new twists to such a restricted basic theme.
    Ex: Had this venture succeeded, the complete face of bibliographical control today would have been different.
    Ex: These documents contain the Commission's sentiments on how policy should be evolved in particular sectors and what complexion it should take = Estos documentos contienen el sentir de la Comisión de cómo debería desarrollarse la política en sectores concretos y qué cariz debería tomar.
    Ex: Paperback publishers know how strong an influence the look and feel of a book can have in attracting or repelling buyers.
    Ex: We went head-to-head with those that wanted a uniform look for the whole library Website!.
    Ex: However, the survey developed in the current study would need to be similar in other key respects to the water quality survey developed by Carson and Mitchell = No obstante, el cuestionario desarrollado en este estudio debería parecerse en otros aspectos importantes al cuestionario desarrollado por Carson y Mitchell sobre la calidad del agua.
    Ex: The path led to a cluster of buildings similar in outward appearances to those found in farmyards and stables.
    * arreglarse el aspecto = preen.
    * aspecto exterior = facade.
    * aspecto externo = outward appearance.
    * aspecto físico = physical appearance.
    * aspecto negativo = irritant.
    * aspectos básicos = nitty-gritty, nuts and bolts.
    * aspectos de la vida = sphere of life.
    * aspectos económicos = economics.
    * aspectos financieros = economics.
    * aspectos fundamentales = nitty-gritty.
    * aspectos más notables = highlights.
    * aspectos prácticos = nuts and bolts.
    * aspectos técnicos = engineering aspects.
    * aspecto técnico = technical aspect.
    * cambio de aspecto = lick of paint.
    * con aspecto de adulto = adult-looking.
    * dar un aspecto + Adjetivo = give + a + Adjetivo + look.
    * de aspecto = looking.
    * de aspecto antiguo = old-face.
    * de aspecto complicado = complicated-looking.
    * de aspecto impresionante = impressive-looking.
    * de aspecto nuevo = new-looking.
    * de aspecto poco profesional = botched-up.
    * de aspecto ruinoso = run-down.
    * de aspecto solemne = dignified.
    * de aspecto tosco = rough-looking.
    * de mal aspecto = seedy [seedier -comp., seediest -sup.], nasty looking, shanky [shankier -comp., shankiest -sup.].
    * el nuevo aspecto de = the changing face of, the changing nature of.
    * en + Cuantificador + aspectos = in + Cuantificador + respects.
    * en muchos aspectos = in most respects.
    * en todos los aspectos = all-round.
    * presentar un aspecto = present + a picture.
    * presentar un aspecto de = wear + a look of.
    * presentar un buen aspecto = look + good.
    * tener aspecto = look.
    * tener el mejor aspecto posible = look + Posesivo + best.
    * tener un aspecto = look and feel.
    * tener un aspecto + Adjetivo = have + a + Adjetivo + look.
    * tener un aspecto horrible = look + shit.
    * tener un buen aspecto = look + good.
    * un aspecto de = an air of.

    * * *
    1 (de una persona) appearance; (de un objeto, lugar) appearance
    un hombre de aspecto distinguido a distinguished-looking man, a man of distinguished appearance
    la barba le da aspecto de intelectual his beard makes him look intellectual o gives him an intellectual look
    no lo recuerdo ¿qué aspecto tiene? I don't remember him, what does he look like?
    tiene buen aspecto, no parece enfermo he looks fine, he doesn't look sick at all
    esa herida tiene muy mal aspecto that's a nasty-looking wound, that wound looks nasty
    por su aspecto exterior la casa parecía deshabitada the house looked unoccupied from (the) outside
    2
    (cariz): no me gusta el aspecto que van tomando las cosas I don't like the way things are going o looking
    B (rasgo, faceta) aspect
    ése es sólo un aspecto del problema that's only one aspect of the problem
    debemos considerar el aspecto legal we have to consider the legal aspect(s)
    me gustaría aclarar algunos aspectos del asunto there are a few aspects of the matter I'd like to get cleared up
    en ciertos aspectos la situación no ha cambiado in certain respects the situation has not changed
    en ese aspecto tienes razón in that respect you're right
    C ( Ling) aspect
    D ( Astron) aspect
    * * *

     

    aspecto sustantivo masculino
    1
    a) (de persona, lugar) look, appearance;


    ¿qué aspecto tiene? what does he look like?;
    a juzgar por su aspecto judging by the look of her;
    tiene mal aspecto [ persona] she doesn't look well;

    [ cosa] it doesn't look nice
    b) (de problema, asunto):

    no me gusta el aspecto que van tomando las cosas I don't like the way things are going o looking

    2 (rasgo, faceta) aspect;

    aspecto sustantivo masculino
    1 look, appearance
    2 (matiz de un asunto) aspect
    ' aspecto' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    abandonada
    - abandonado
    - achantar
    - achinada
    - achinado
    - aire
    - conservarse
    - descuidarse
    - dimensión
    - enjuiciar
    - esteroide
    - faceta
    - fachada
    - figura
    - giro
    - igual
    - lado
    - lechosa
    - lechoso
    - lozana
    - lozano
    - ofrecer
    - panorama
    - parecer
    - parecerse
    - pinta
    - plana
    - plano
    - planta
    - presencia
    - presentación
    - querer
    - rasgo
    - revestir
    - siniestra
    - siniestro
    - traza
    - ver
    - vertiente
    - abandonar
    - campesino
    - cara
    - corresponder
    - cuidado
    - dejado
    - descuidar
    - desgarbado
    - encarado
    - enfermizo
    - exterior
    English:
    air
    - appearance
    - aspect
    - bearing
    - cat
    - complexion
    - disheveled
    - dishevelled
    - doleful
    - dowdy
    - dramatically
    - drawn
    - feminine
    - flip side
    - frumpy
    - good
    - grim
    - light
    - look
    - metamorphosis
    - odd-looking
    - old-looking
    - regard
    - seedy
    - side
    - tidiness
    - young-looking
    - economics
    - scruffy
    - smarten up
    - sorry
    - way
    * * *
    1. [apariencia] appearance;
    un adulto con aspecto de niño an adult who looks like a child, an adult with a childlike appearance;
    tener buen aspecto [persona] to look well;
    [comida] to look nice o good;
    tiene mal aspecto [persona] she doesn't look well;
    [comida] it doesn't look very nice;
    tenía aspecto de vagabundo he looked like a tramp;
    la casa ofrecía un aspecto horrible después de la fiesta the house looked a real mess after the party
    2. [faceta] aspect;
    bajo este aspecto from this angle;
    en ese aspecto in that sense o respect;
    en todos los aspectos in every respect;
    en cuanto al aspecto económico del plan,… as far as the financial aspects of the plan are concerned,…;
    hay que destacar como aspecto negativo que… one negative aspect o point is that…
    3. Gram aspect
    4. [en astrología] aspect
    * * *
    m
    1 de persona, cosa look, appearance;
    tener buen aspecto look good;
    tener aspecto de ser/estar seem (to be);
    tenía aspecto de ser una persona simpática he seemed (to be) o he looked a nice guy
    2 ( faceta) aspect
    * * *
    1) : aspect
    2) apariencia: appearance, look
    * * *
    1. (apariencia) appearance
    2. (faceta) aspect

    Spanish-English dictionary > aspecto

  • 92 comedia

    f.
    1 comedy.
    comedia musical musical (comedy)
    2 stand-up comedy.
    * * *
    1 TEATRO comedy, play
    2 figurado farce, pretence (US pretense)
    \
    hacer comedia familiar to put on an act
    comedia de costumbres comedy of manners
    comedia musical musical, musical comedy
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *
    SF
    1) (Teat) (=obra cómica) comedy
    2) (Teat) (=obra dramática) play
    3) (TV)

    comedia de situación — situation comedy, sitcom *

    4) (=fingimiento) play-acting

    ¡déjate ya de tanta comedia! — stop your play-acting!

    ¡deja de hacer comedia y di la verdad! — stop play-acting o pretending and tell the truth!

    COMEDIA The Spanish comedias written by dramatists of the Golden Age, or Edad de Oro, were five-act plays performed in open-air theatres. They involved stock characters similar to those of the Italian Commedia dell'Arte: a beautiful lady, her suitor, servants and go-betweens. In these comedias, which were not always comical in nature, action and a moral theme took precedence over character. Cloak and dagger episodes were built around plots involving disguises and mistaken identity. They dealt primarily with affairs of the nobility, while peasants were there to provide comic relief or to enhance particular pastoral themes. One of the most prolific comedia writers was Lope de Vega, who wrote on religious, historical and social themes. Other major comedia writers were Pedro Calderón de la Barca and Tirso de Molina, from whose pen came the figure of the archetypal seducer, Don Juan, in El Burlador de Sevilla y Convidado de Piedra (1630).
    * * *
    a) (Teatr) ( obra) play; ( cómica) comedy
    b) ( serie cómica) comedy series
    c) (AmL) ( telenovela) soap opera, soap; ( radionovela) radio serial
    * * *
    = comedy, funny story, farce.
    Ex. To take a fairly simple example, we can imagine a user who is searching for information about a particular edition of Dante's 'Divine comedy'.
    Ex. The article 'Every picture tells a story' describes a new labelling system for the categorisation of library materials which includes a star-shaped badge for Westerns, a flower for gardening and plants, a tank for war, and a clown's face for ' funny stories'.
    Ex. University libraries are facing the farce of new information and communication technologies.
    ----
    * comedia de humor negro = black comedy.
    * comedia musical = musical.
    * comedia romántica = romantic comedy.
    * de la comedia = comedic.
    * Divina Comedia, La = Divine Comedy, The.
    * sobre la comedia = comedic.
    * * *
    a) (Teatr) ( obra) play; ( cómica) comedy
    b) ( serie cómica) comedy series
    c) (AmL) ( telenovela) soap opera, soap; ( radionovela) radio serial
    * * *
    = comedy, funny story, farce.

    Ex: To take a fairly simple example, we can imagine a user who is searching for information about a particular edition of Dante's 'Divine comedy'.

    Ex: The article 'Every picture tells a story' describes a new labelling system for the categorisation of library materials which includes a star-shaped badge for Westerns, a flower for gardening and plants, a tank for war, and a clown's face for ' funny stories'.
    Ex: University libraries are facing the farce of new information and communication technologies.
    * comedia de humor negro = black comedy.
    * comedia musical = musical.
    * comedia romántica = romantic comedy.
    * de la comedia = comedic.
    * Divina Comedia, La = Divine Comedy, The.
    * sobre la comedia = comedic.

    * * *
    1 ( Teatr) (obra) play; (cómica) comedy
    2 (serie cómica) comedy series
    3 ( AmL) (telenovela) soap opera, soap; (radionovela) radio serial
    Compuestos:
    cloak-and-dagger drama
    comedy of manners
    comedy of intrigue
    musical
    * * *

    Del verbo comedirse: ( conjugate comedirse)

    me comedía es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) imperfecto indicativo

    se comedía es:

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperfecto indicativo

    comedia sustantivo femenino
    a) (Teatr) ( obra) play;

    ( cómica) comedy;



    ( radionovela) radio serial
    comedia sustantivo femenino
    1 Teat comedy
    2 familiar (farsa) act: tu llanto es pura comedia, your crying is just an act
    ' comedia' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    delirante
    - golpe
    - telecomedia
    - picante
    English:
    comedy
    - pantomime
    - sitcom
    - play
    - situation
    - soap
    * * *
    1. [obra humorística] comedy;
    [obra dramática] play;
    hacer (la) comedia to put on an act;
    no me vengas con comedias don't start your play-acting
    Lit comedia de capa y espada = play about chivalry, typical of Spanish 17th century theatre;
    comedia costumbrista comedy of manners;
    comedia de enredo comedy of intrigue;
    comedia musical musical (comedy);
    comedia romántica romantic comedy
    2. [película] comedy;
    [serie televisiva] comedy series comedia de situación situation comedy, sitcom
    3. [género] comedy
    4. [engaño] farce;
    su cansancio es pura comedia her tiredness is just an act
    5. Am [telenovela, radionovela] soap opera
    * * *
    f
    1 comedy;
    hacer comedia fig put on an act
    2 L.Am. ( telenovela) soap
    * * *
    : comedy
    * * *
    comedia n comedy [pl. comedies]
    hacer comedia to put on an act [pt. & pp. put]

    Spanish-English dictionary > comedia

  • 93 inadecuado

    adj.
    1 unsuitable, inappropriate, inadequate, ill-fitted.
    2 inadequate, ill fitted, inappropriate, unfit.
    3 inadequate, incompetent.
    * * *
    1 unsuitable
    2 (inapropiado) inappropriate
    * * *
    (f. - inadecuada)
    adj.
    * * *
    ADJ [recurso, medida] inadequate; [película, momento] unsuitable, inappropriate
    * * *
    - da adjetivo <color/traje> inappropriate, unsuitable; <norma/sistema> inadequate
    * * *
    = unsuited, improper, inadequate, inappropriate, unsuitable, inadequately + Participio, inapplicable, inapt, ill-adapted.
    Ex. In particular, some would argue that the discipline-oriented approach of such schemes is unsuited to any applications.
    Ex. It is important that those engaged in IR should not be abused by the improper use of the word 'intelligent'.
    Ex. Almost without exception these problems occurred in libraries with antiquated or inadequate ventilation without air-conditioning.
    Ex. A scheme should allow relocation, in order to rectify an inappropriate placement, to eliminate dual provision (more than one place for one subject) to make room for new subjects.
    Ex. Errors such as indexers assigning unsuitable terms to concepts, or relationships being omitted, will affect precision.
    Ex. School libraries are inadequately funded, and until the mid 1960s, poorly sited and too small.
    Ex. Measures to alleviate the financial strain through cooperation, technology or fund-raising are often inapplicable.
    Ex. It is contended that biases that promote inaptness, in the areas of policy, organization, practice, research, & evaluation, have contributed to the proliferation & perpetuation of inapt services.
    Ex. She was emotionally and socially ill-adapted, manipulated by a mother crippled by the conventions of appropriate female behavior.
    ----
    * inadecuado para = ill suited to/for.
    * resultar inadecuado = prove + inadequate.
    * uso inadecuado = misuse.
    * * *
    - da adjetivo <color/traje> inappropriate, unsuitable; <norma/sistema> inadequate
    * * *
    = unsuited, improper, inadequate, inappropriate, unsuitable, inadequately + Participio, inapplicable, inapt, ill-adapted.

    Ex: In particular, some would argue that the discipline-oriented approach of such schemes is unsuited to any applications.

    Ex: It is important that those engaged in IR should not be abused by the improper use of the word 'intelligent'.
    Ex: Almost without exception these problems occurred in libraries with antiquated or inadequate ventilation without air-conditioning.
    Ex: A scheme should allow relocation, in order to rectify an inappropriate placement, to eliminate dual provision (more than one place for one subject) to make room for new subjects.
    Ex: Errors such as indexers assigning unsuitable terms to concepts, or relationships being omitted, will affect precision.
    Ex: School libraries are inadequately funded, and until the mid 1960s, poorly sited and too small.
    Ex: Measures to alleviate the financial strain through cooperation, technology or fund-raising are often inapplicable.
    Ex: It is contended that biases that promote inaptness, in the areas of policy, organization, practice, research, & evaluation, have contributed to the proliferation & perpetuation of inapt services.
    Ex: She was emotionally and socially ill-adapted, manipulated by a mother crippled by the conventions of appropriate female behavior.
    * inadecuado para = ill suited to/for.
    * resultar inadecuado = prove + inadequate.
    * uso inadecuado = misuse.

    * * *
    1 (no apropiado) inappropriate
    2 (insuficiente) inadequate
    me siento totalmente inadecuado I feel totally inadequate
    * * *

    inadecuado
    ◊ -da adjetivo ‹color/traje inappropriate, unsuitable;


    norma/sistema inadequate
    inadecuado,-a adjetivo unsuitable, inappropriate
    ' inadecuado' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    destiempo
    - inadecuada
    English:
    inadequate
    - inadequately
    - unfit
    - unsuited
    - inappropriate
    * * *
    inadecuado, -a adj
    [conducta, comportamiento] inappropriate; [iluminación] inadequate; [traje] unsuitable;
    muchos niños reciben una alimentación inadecuada many children do not have a proper diet;
    este es un lugar inadecuado para discutir del tema I don't think this is the best o right place to discuss the matter
    * * *
    adj inadequate
    * * *
    inadecuado, -da adj
    1) : inadequate
    2) impropio: inappropriate
    * * *
    inadecuado adj inappropriate / unsuitable

    Spanish-English dictionary > inadecuado

  • 94 mordaz

    adj.
    1 caustic, biting.
    2 sarcastic, bitter, biting, bitterly severe.
    3 mordant, biting, sour, stinging.
    * * *
    1 mordant, sarcastic
    * * *
    adj.
    sarcastic, biting
    * * *
    ADJ [crítica, persona] sharp, scathing; [estilo] incisive; [humor] caustic
    * * *
    adjetivo <estilo/lenguaje> scathing, caustic; < crítica> sharp, scathing
    * * *
    = trenchant, scathing, searing, stinging, caustic, salty [saltier -comp., saltiest -sup.], pungent, sarcastic, blistering, spiky [spikier -comp., spikiest -sup.], vitriolic, waspish.
    Ex. However, both BTI and LCSH occasionally use headings of this kind, though one could argue strongly that these are out of place in direct entry methods, and they come in for trenchant criticism from Metcalfe.
    Ex. Fish is particularly scathing about reactionaries in the academic world who resort to a version of scaremongering about 'political correctness,' deconstruction, and other bogies.
    Ex. His searing and rigorously logical analysis of the '1949 ALA Rules for Entry' is one of my favorite pieces of writing on cataloging.
    Ex. In a stinging rebuke to the American Library Association, Nat Hentoff has criticized the ALA for failing to take action to defend volunteer librarians in Cuba who are being subjected to a brutal crackdown.
    Ex. While her characters are frequently intrinsic to theme and plot, her most caustic scenes deflate academic ambition and pretension.
    Ex. Serious questions which face us may often be better understood when a modicum of salty satire is applied.
    Ex. The studies reported here addressed the question of whether the pungent element in chilies, capsaicin, suppresses taste and flavor intensity.
    Ex. 'Listen!' he growled, in a tone so dry, sarcastic and acrid that not another word was needed to indicate that he was not about to be upstaged by a 24 year old.
    Ex. Lodge Kerrigan's 'Clean, Shaven' is a blistering piece of cinematic inventiveness and a young director's low-budget first feature.
    Ex. This adaptation of David Leavitt's novel wobbles between comedy and melodrama, ultimately fudging the novel's spiky empathy.
    Ex. This magazine had a particular interest in curious stories of libraries and bookmen, and was abundant in criticism both humorous and vitriolic.
    Ex. Harwood is excellent -- saucy and coquettish and really waspish in her subsequent vitriolic exchanges with the irate Marcello.
    ----
    * crítica mordaz = hatchet job.
    * de forma mordaz = pungently.
    * mordaz en sus comentarios = sharp of tongue.
    * * *
    adjetivo <estilo/lenguaje> scathing, caustic; < crítica> sharp, scathing
    * * *
    = trenchant, scathing, searing, stinging, caustic, salty [saltier -comp., saltiest -sup.], pungent, sarcastic, blistering, spiky [spikier -comp., spikiest -sup.], vitriolic, waspish.

    Ex: However, both BTI and LCSH occasionally use headings of this kind, though one could argue strongly that these are out of place in direct entry methods, and they come in for trenchant criticism from Metcalfe.

    Ex: Fish is particularly scathing about reactionaries in the academic world who resort to a version of scaremongering about 'political correctness,' deconstruction, and other bogies.
    Ex: His searing and rigorously logical analysis of the '1949 ALA Rules for Entry' is one of my favorite pieces of writing on cataloging.
    Ex: In a stinging rebuke to the American Library Association, Nat Hentoff has criticized the ALA for failing to take action to defend volunteer librarians in Cuba who are being subjected to a brutal crackdown.
    Ex: While her characters are frequently intrinsic to theme and plot, her most caustic scenes deflate academic ambition and pretension.
    Ex: Serious questions which face us may often be better understood when a modicum of salty satire is applied.
    Ex: The studies reported here addressed the question of whether the pungent element in chilies, capsaicin, suppresses taste and flavor intensity.
    Ex: 'Listen!' he growled, in a tone so dry, sarcastic and acrid that not another word was needed to indicate that he was not about to be upstaged by a 24 year old.
    Ex: Lodge Kerrigan's 'Clean, Shaven' is a blistering piece of cinematic inventiveness and a young director's low-budget first feature.
    Ex: This adaptation of David Leavitt's novel wobbles between comedy and melodrama, ultimately fudging the novel's spiky empathy.
    Ex: This magazine had a particular interest in curious stories of libraries and bookmen, and was abundant in criticism both humorous and vitriolic.
    Ex: Harwood is excellent -- saucy and coquettish and really waspish in her subsequent vitriolic exchanges with the irate Marcello.
    * crítica mordaz = hatchet job.
    * de forma mordaz = pungently.
    * mordaz en sus comentarios = sharp of tongue.

    * * *
    ‹estilo/lenguaje› scathing, caustic, incisive; ‹crítica› sharp, scathing
    * * *

    mordaz adjetivo ‹estilo/lenguaje scathing, caustic;
    crítica sharp, scathing
    mordaz adjetivo biting, scathing: me gusta leer sus mordaces comentarios acerca de los programas de la tele, I like reading his biting commentary on TV programmes
    ' mordaz' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    corrosiva
    - corrosivo
    - afilado
    English:
    abrasive
    - acid
    - barbed
    - biting
    - caustic
    - cutting
    - damning
    - denunciation
    - incisive
    - pointed
    - scathing
    - sharp
    - dry
    - dryness
    * * *
    mordaz adj
    caustic
    * * *
    adj biting, sharp
    * * *
    mordaz adj
    : caustic, scathing

    Spanish-English dictionary > mordaz

  • 95 ofrecer

    v.
    1 to offer.
    ofrecerle algo a alguien to offer somebody something
    ¿puedo ofrecerle algo de beber? may I offer you something to drink?
    ¿cuánto te ofrecen por la casa? how much are they offering you for the house?
    María le ofrece comida a Ricardo Mary offers Richard food.
    Ella ofrece sus servicios She offers her services.
    2 to bid.
    ¿qué ofrecen por esta mesa? what am I bid for this table?
    3 to present (tener, presentar) (imagen, dificultades).
    la cocina ofrece un aspecto lamentable the kitchen is a sorry sight
    4 to offer up (oraciones, sacrificio).
    5 to make an offer.
    Ellos ofrecen They make an offer.
    6 to offer to, to promise to, to volunteer to.
    María le ofrece comida a Ricardo Mary offers Richard food.
    Ella ofrece sus servicios She offers her services.
    Ellos ofrecen limpiar They offer to clean.
    Le ofrecí a María ir a verla I offered Mary to go see her.
    Ellos ofrecieron a Ricardo They offered Richard.
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ AGRADECER], like link=agradecer agradecer
    1 (dar - premio, amistad) to offer; (- banquete, fiesta) to hold; (- regalo) to give
    2 (presentar) to present
    1 (prestarse) to offer, volunteer
    2 (disponer) to want
    ¿qué se le ofrece? what can I do for you?
    * * *
    verb
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) (=presentar voluntariamente)
    a) [+ servicios, ayuda, trabajo, dinero] to offer

    ¿cuánto te ofrecieron por el coche? — how much did they offer you for the car?

    ofrecer hacer algo — to offer to do sth

    b) [+ espectáculo, programa] [en TV] to show
    c) frm [+ respetos] to pay frm
    2) (=tener)
    a) [+ ventaja] to offer; [+ oportunidad, garantías] to offer, give; [+ solución] to offer, provide

    no ofrecer duda, la gravedad del caso no ofrece duda — there is no doubt about the seriousness of the case

    b) [+ dificultad] to present

    el ladrón no ofreció resistencia — the burglar did not put up a struggle, the burglar offered no resistance frm

    c) [+ imagen] to present
    3) (=celebrar) [+ acto, fiesta, cena] to hold, give
    4) [+ sacrificio, víctima] to offer up
    5) (Rel) to make a vow
    2.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1)
    a) <ayuda/cigarrillo/empleo> to offer

    te llamo para ofrecerte al niño — (Col, Ven) I'm ringing to let you know that the baby has been born

    ofrecer + INF — to offer to + inf

    b) < dinero> to offer; ( en una subasta) to bid
    c) < fiesta> to give, throw (colloq); < recepción> to lay on, to hold
    d) <sacrificio/víctima> to offer (up)
    2)
    a) < oportunidad> to give, provide

    le ofrece la posibilidad de entablar nuevas amistades — it provides her with the chance to make new friends; < dificultad> to present

    b) <aspecto/vista>
    c) < resistencia> persona to put up, offer
    2.
    ofrecerse v pron
    1) persona to offer, volunteer

    ofrecerse A or PARA + INF — to offer o volunteer to + inf

    3) (frml) (querer, necesitar) (gen neg o interrog)

    ¿se le ofrece alguna otra cosa? — can I offer o get you anything else?

    ¿qué se le ofrece, señora? — what would you like, madam? (frml)

    * * *
    = deliver, feature, give, offer, open up, pitch, provide, provide with, supply, proffer, furnish (with), come forward with, tender, serve up.
    Ex. The result could be termed a full-provision data base -- a data base including both text and reference, and delivering much more than the 2 added together.
    Ex. Other catalogues and bibliographies only feature added entries under title where it is deemed that the author main entry heading is not likely to be obvious to the users.
    Ex. An abstract of a bibliography can be expected to note whether author affiliations are given = Es de esperar que el resumen de una bibliografía indique si se incluyen los lugares de trabajo de los autores.
    Ex. Thus some current awareness services can be purchased from external vendors, whilst others may be offered by a library or information unit to its particular group of users.
    Ex. Here is a key paper by a non librarian which opens up a new and constructive approach to library purpose.
    Ex. Thus pitching instructions at the right level can be difficult.
    Ex. To start with, most catalogues, indexes, data bases and bibliographies provide access to information or documents.
    Ex. Many libraries provide users with photocopies of contents pages of selected journals.
    Ex. Here an attempt is made to choose one form and supply references from the other forms.
    Ex. 'No question,' she said meditatively, 'we have to do something'; 'like more coffee?' proffered the waitress, the coffee pot hovered above Jergens' cup.
    Ex. One of the definitions of 'organise' is to furnish with organs, make organic, make into living being or tissue.
    Ex. Neither pundit from the past, nor sage from the schools, neither authorised body nor inspired individual has come forward with a definition acceptable to all practising librarians as theirs and theirs alone, sharply defining them as a group.
    Ex. This address was tendered at the State Library of Victoria, Nov 88, to mark the retirement of Professor Jean Whyte.
    Ex. A watering hole in Spain is serving up free beer and tapas to recession-weary customers who insult its bartenders as a way to let off steam.
    ----
    * ofrecer acceso = provide + access.
    * ofrecer apoyo = support, provide + support, rally (a)round, rally behind.
    * ofrecer asesoramiento = offer + advice, offer + guidance, dispense + advice.
    * ofrecer ayuda = offer + guidance, offer + assistance, provide + support.
    * ofrecer cobijo = provide + a home.
    * ofrecer conclusiones = provide + conclusions.
    * ofrecer conjuntamente = bundle.
    * ofrecer conocimiento = package + knowledge.
    * ofrecer consejos prácticos = offer + hints and advice.
    * ofrecer descuento = offer + discount.
    * ofrecer directrices = provide + guidance.
    * ofrecer en cantidad = offer + in quantity.
    * ofrecer en un lote = bundle.
    * ofrecer esperanzas = hold + promise.
    * ofrecer estímulo = provide + stimulus.
    * ofrecer incentivo = provide + incentive, offer + inducement.
    * ofrecer información = provide + information, provide + details, supply + information, offer + information, package + information, furnish + information.
    * ofrecer la garantía de = provide + the stamp of.
    * ofrecer la mano = put forth + Posesivo + hand.
    * ofrecer la oportunidad = allow + the opportunity to, allow + the opportunity to.
    * ofrecer la oportunidad de = offer + a chance to.
    * ofrecer la otra mejilla = turn + the other cheek.
    * ofrecer la posibilidad = afford + possibility, provide + facility.
    * ofrecer la posibilidad de = have + the potential (to/for), offer + the facility.
    * ofrecer la posibilidad de que = usher in + the day when.
    * ofrecer lo máximo = shoot (for) + the moon.
    * ofrecer poco = low-ball.
    * ofrecer por primera vez = debut.
    * ofrecer posibilidades = have + potential, offer + options, offer + possibilities, hold + potential, present + possibilities, open (up) + avenues.
    * ofrecer razones = provide + reasons.
    * ofrecer refugio = provide + a home.
    * ofrecer resistencia = put up + resistance.
    * ofrecer santuario = offer + sanctuary.
    * ofrecerse = be forthcoming, step forward, step up to.
    * ofrecerse como voluntario = volunteer.
    * ofrecer servicio = service.
    * ofrecer sugerencias = give + suggestions.
    * ofrecer una explicación = present + explanation.
    * ofrecer una fiesta = host + party.
    * ofrecer una forma de = provide + a way of/to.
    * ofrecer una imagen = present + picture.
    * ofrecer una introducción a = provide + a background to.
    * ofrecer una norma = offer + prescription.
    * ofrecer una opinión = offer + opinion.
    * ofrecer una oportunidad = offer + opportunity, provide + opportunity, present + an opportunity.
    * ofrecer una perspectiva = offer + perspective.
    * ofrecer una posibilidad = afford + opportunity.
    * ofrecer una prestación = offer + facility.
    * ofrecer una rama de olivo para hacer las paces = offer + an olive branch.
    * ofrecer una recepción = host + reception.
    * ofrecer una respuesta = provide + answer.
    * ofrecer una solución = provide + solution, offer + solution.
    * ofrecer una sonrisa = give + a grin.
    * ofrecer una visión = provide + a picture.
    * ofrecer una visión de = offer + an account of.
    * ofrecer una visión de conjunto = provide + a picture, provide + overview.
    * ofrecer una visión muy releveladora de = provide + insight into, give + an insight into, give + an inside look at.
    * ofrecer una vista = afford + a view.
    * ofrecer un curso = offer + course.
    * ofrecer un ejemplo = afford + example.
    * ofrecer un sacrificio = make + a sacrifice.
    * ofrecer un servicio = operate + service, provide + service, do + service.
    * ofrecer ventaja = be of benefit.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1)
    a) <ayuda/cigarrillo/empleo> to offer

    te llamo para ofrecerte al niño — (Col, Ven) I'm ringing to let you know that the baby has been born

    ofrecer + INF — to offer to + inf

    b) < dinero> to offer; ( en una subasta) to bid
    c) < fiesta> to give, throw (colloq); < recepción> to lay on, to hold
    d) <sacrificio/víctima> to offer (up)
    2)
    a) < oportunidad> to give, provide

    le ofrece la posibilidad de entablar nuevas amistades — it provides her with the chance to make new friends; < dificultad> to present

    b) <aspecto/vista>
    c) < resistencia> persona to put up, offer
    2.
    ofrecerse v pron
    1) persona to offer, volunteer

    ofrecerse A or PARA + INF — to offer o volunteer to + inf

    3) (frml) (querer, necesitar) (gen neg o interrog)

    ¿se le ofrece alguna otra cosa? — can I offer o get you anything else?

    ¿qué se le ofrece, señora? — what would you like, madam? (frml)

    * * *
    = deliver, feature, give, offer, open up, pitch, provide, provide with, supply, proffer, furnish (with), come forward with, tender, serve up.

    Ex: The result could be termed a full-provision data base -- a data base including both text and reference, and delivering much more than the 2 added together.

    Ex: Other catalogues and bibliographies only feature added entries under title where it is deemed that the author main entry heading is not likely to be obvious to the users.
    Ex: An abstract of a bibliography can be expected to note whether author affiliations are given = Es de esperar que el resumen de una bibliografía indique si se incluyen los lugares de trabajo de los autores.
    Ex: Thus some current awareness services can be purchased from external vendors, whilst others may be offered by a library or information unit to its particular group of users.
    Ex: Here is a key paper by a non librarian which opens up a new and constructive approach to library purpose.
    Ex: Thus pitching instructions at the right level can be difficult.
    Ex: To start with, most catalogues, indexes, data bases and bibliographies provide access to information or documents.
    Ex: Many libraries provide users with photocopies of contents pages of selected journals.
    Ex: Here an attempt is made to choose one form and supply references from the other forms.
    Ex: 'No question,' she said meditatively, 'we have to do something'; 'like more coffee?' proffered the waitress, the coffee pot hovered above Jergens' cup.
    Ex: One of the definitions of 'organise' is to furnish with organs, make organic, make into living being or tissue.
    Ex: Neither pundit from the past, nor sage from the schools, neither authorised body nor inspired individual has come forward with a definition acceptable to all practising librarians as theirs and theirs alone, sharply defining them as a group.
    Ex: This address was tendered at the State Library of Victoria, Nov 88, to mark the retirement of Professor Jean Whyte.
    Ex: A watering hole in Spain is serving up free beer and tapas to recession-weary customers who insult its bartenders as a way to let off steam.
    * ofrecer acceso = provide + access.
    * ofrecer apoyo = support, provide + support, rally (a)round, rally behind.
    * ofrecer asesoramiento = offer + advice, offer + guidance, dispense + advice.
    * ofrecer ayuda = offer + guidance, offer + assistance, provide + support.
    * ofrecer cobijo = provide + a home.
    * ofrecer conclusiones = provide + conclusions.
    * ofrecer conjuntamente = bundle.
    * ofrecer conocimiento = package + knowledge.
    * ofrecer consejos prácticos = offer + hints and advice.
    * ofrecer descuento = offer + discount.
    * ofrecer directrices = provide + guidance.
    * ofrecer en cantidad = offer + in quantity.
    * ofrecer en un lote = bundle.
    * ofrecer esperanzas = hold + promise.
    * ofrecer estímulo = provide + stimulus.
    * ofrecer incentivo = provide + incentive, offer + inducement.
    * ofrecer información = provide + information, provide + details, supply + information, offer + information, package + information, furnish + information.
    * ofrecer la garantía de = provide + the stamp of.
    * ofrecer la mano = put forth + Posesivo + hand.
    * ofrecer la oportunidad = allow + the opportunity to, allow + the opportunity to.
    * ofrecer la oportunidad de = offer + a chance to.
    * ofrecer la otra mejilla = turn + the other cheek.
    * ofrecer la posibilidad = afford + possibility, provide + facility.
    * ofrecer la posibilidad de = have + the potential (to/for), offer + the facility.
    * ofrecer la posibilidad de que = usher in + the day when.
    * ofrecer lo máximo = shoot (for) + the moon.
    * ofrecer poco = low-ball.
    * ofrecer por primera vez = debut.
    * ofrecer posibilidades = have + potential, offer + options, offer + possibilities, hold + potential, present + possibilities, open (up) + avenues.
    * ofrecer razones = provide + reasons.
    * ofrecer refugio = provide + a home.
    * ofrecer resistencia = put up + resistance.
    * ofrecer santuario = offer + sanctuary.
    * ofrecerse = be forthcoming, step forward, step up to.
    * ofrecerse como voluntario = volunteer.
    * ofrecer servicio = service.
    * ofrecer sugerencias = give + suggestions.
    * ofrecer una explicación = present + explanation.
    * ofrecer una fiesta = host + party.
    * ofrecer una forma de = provide + a way of/to.
    * ofrecer una imagen = present + picture.
    * ofrecer una introducción a = provide + a background to.
    * ofrecer una norma = offer + prescription.
    * ofrecer una opinión = offer + opinion.
    * ofrecer una oportunidad = offer + opportunity, provide + opportunity, present + an opportunity.
    * ofrecer una perspectiva = offer + perspective.
    * ofrecer una posibilidad = afford + opportunity.
    * ofrecer una prestación = offer + facility.
    * ofrecer una rama de olivo para hacer las paces = offer + an olive branch.
    * ofrecer una recepción = host + reception.
    * ofrecer una respuesta = provide + answer.
    * ofrecer una solución = provide + solution, offer + solution.
    * ofrecer una sonrisa = give + a grin.
    * ofrecer una visión = provide + a picture.
    * ofrecer una visión de = offer + an account of.
    * ofrecer una visión de conjunto = provide + a picture, provide + overview.
    * ofrecer una visión muy releveladora de = provide + insight into, give + an insight into, give + an inside look at.
    * ofrecer una vista = afford + a view.
    * ofrecer un curso = offer + course.
    * ofrecer un ejemplo = afford + example.
    * ofrecer un sacrificio = make + a sacrifice.
    * ofrecer un servicio = operate + service, provide + service, do + service.
    * ofrecer ventaja = be of benefit.

    * * *
    ofrecer [E3 ]
    vt
    A
    1 ‹ayuda/cigarrillo/empleo› to offer
    le ofreció su brazo he offered her his arm
    no nos ofreció ni una taza de café he didn't even offer us a cup of coffee
    todavía no nos ha ofrecido la casa he still hasn't invited us to see his new house
    te llamo para ofrecerte al niño ( Col); I'm ringing to let you know that the baby's been born
    ofrecer + INF to offer TO + INF
    ofreció prestarnos su coche she offered to lend us her car
    2 ‹dinero› (por un artículo) to offer
    ofreció mil dólares por el jarrón he bid a thousand dollars for the vase
    ¿cuánto me ofrece por este cuadro? how much will you give o offer me for this picture?
    3 ‹fiesta› to give, hold, throw ( colloq)
    ofrecieron una comida en su honor they gave a meal in her honor
    ofrecieron una recepción en el Hotel Suecia they laid on o held a reception in the Hotel Suecia
    4 ‹sacrificio/víctima› to offer, offer up
    B
    1 ‹oportunidad› to give, provide; ‹dificultad› to present
    le ofrece la posibilidad de entablar nuevas amistades it provides her with o it gives her o ( frml) it affords her the chance to make new friends
    el plan ofrece varias dificultades the plan presents o poses a number of problems
    2 ‹aspecto/vista›
    su habitación ofrecía un aspecto lúgubre her room was gloomy o had an air of gloominess about it
    el balcón ofrecía una vista maravillosa there was a marvelous view from the balcony
    el año ofrece buenas perspectivas things look good for the coming year, the coming year looks promising
    ofrecían un espectáculo desgarrador they were a heartrending sight
    3 ‹resistencia› «persona» to put up, offer
    se entregó sin ofrecer ninguna resistencia he surrendered without putting up o offering any resistance
    A
    «persona»: se ofrece niñera con experiencia experienced nanny seeks employment
    ofrecerse A or PARA + INF to offer o volunteer to + INF
    se ofreció a venir a buscarnos she offered o volunteered to come and pick us up
    B
    (presentarse): un espectáculo único se ofrecía ante nuestros ojos a unique spectacle presented itself before o greeted our eyes
    las cumbres nevadas se nos ofrecían en todo su esplendor the snowy peaks appeared o stood before us in all their splendor
    C ( frml) (querer, necesitar) ( gen neg o interrog) ofrecérsele algo A algn:
    ¿se le ofrece alguna otra cosa? can I offer o get you anything else?, would you care for anything else?
    si no se le ofrece nada más, me retiro a dormir if there's nothing else I can do for you, I'll say goodnight
    ¿qué se le ofrece a la señora? what would you like o what can I get you to drink, madam? ( frml)
    * * *

     

    ofrecer ( conjugate ofrecer) verbo transitivo
    1
    a)ayuda/cigarrillo/empleo to offer

    b) dinero to offer;

    ( en una subasta) to bid
    c) fiesta to give;

    recepción to lay on
    d)sacrificio/víctima to offer (up)

    2
    a)oportunidad/posibilidad to give, provide;

    dificultad to present

    ofrecerse verbo pronominal
    1 [ persona] to offer, volunteer;
    ofrecerse A or PARA hacer algo to offer o volunteer to do sth
    2 (frml) (querer, necesitar) ( gen neg o interrog):
    ¿qué se le ofrece, señora? what would you like, madam? (frml);

    si no se le ofrece nada más if there's nothing else I can do for you
    ofrecer verbo transitivo
    1 (agua, ayuda, dinero, etc) to offer
    2 (posibilidad, solución, consejo) to give
    3 (un homenaje, banquete, etc) to hold
    4 (aspecto) to present
    5 Rel to offer (up)
    ' ofrecer' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    brindar
    - dar
    - tender
    - amparar
    - convidar
    - dedicar
    - excusar
    - querer
    - tributar
    English:
    offer
    - outbid
    - part exchange
    - present
    - put up
    - shall
    - tender
    - volunteer
    - bid
    - cater
    - dispense
    - feature
    - give
    - hand
    - hold
    - lay
    - proffer
    - put
    - quote
    * * *
    vt
    1. [proporcionar, dar] to offer;
    ofrecerle algo a alguien to offer sb sth;
    me han ofrecido el puesto de director they've offered me the job of manager;
    ¿puedo ofrecerle algo de beber? may I offer you something to drink?;
    ofrecen una recompensa por él they are offering a reward for his capture;
    le ofrecieron una cena homenaje they held a dinner in his honour;
    ¿cuánto te ofrecen por la casa? how much are they offering you for the house?;
    me ofrece la oportunidad o [m5] la ocasión de conocer la ciudad it gives me the chance to get to know the city
    2. [en subastas] to bid;
    ¿qué ofrecen por esta mesa? what am I bid for this table?
    3. [tener, presentar] to present;
    la cocina ofrece un aspecto lamentable the kitchen is a sorry sight;
    esta tarea ofrece algunas dificultades this task poses o presents a number of problems;
    aquel negocio ofrecía inmejorables perspectivas that business had excellent prospects
    4. [oraciones, sacrificio] to offer up;
    ofrecer una misa por alguien to have a mass said for sb
    * * *
    v/t offer
    * * *
    ofrecer {53} vt
    1) : to offer
    2) : to provide, to give
    3) : to present (an appearance, etc.)
    * * *

    Spanish-English dictionary > ofrecer

  • 96 proporcionar

    v.
    1 to provide, to furnish, to give, to supply.
    El negocio procura ganancias The business yields utilities.
    2 to proportion, to proportionate, to put in proportion, to fit.
    * * *
    1 (ayuda, dinero) to supply; (consejo) to give
    2 (dibujo) to proportion
    * * *
    verb
    to provide, supply
    * * *
    VT
    1) (=dar) to supply, provide

    esto le proporciona una renta anual de... — this brings him in a yearly income of...

    esto proporciona mucho encanto a la narraciónthis lends o gives great charm to the story

    su tío le proporcionó el puesto — his uncle found him the job, his uncle helped him into o helped him get the job

    2) (=adaptar) to adjust, adapt (a to)
    * * *
    verbo transitivo <materiales/información/comida> to provide
    * * *
    = give, issue, provide, furnish (with), produce, dispense, offer, serve up.
    Ex. An abstract of a bibliography can be expected to note whether author affiliations are given = Es de esperar que el resumen de una bibliografía indique si se incluyen los lugares de trabajo de los autores.
    Ex. Once a user is registered, a password will be issued which provides access to all or most of the data bases offered by the host as and when the user wishes.
    Ex. To start with, most catalogues, indexes, data bases and bibliographies provide access to information or documents.
    Ex. One of the definitions of 'organise' is to furnish with organs, make organic, make into living being or tissue.
    Ex. The perfect librarian may be defined as one who produces the information a reader requires as soon as the reader asks for it.
    Ex. This paper describes the role of the federal government in dispensing aid to public libraries as part of the combat against the Great Depression of the 1930s.
    Ex. Thus some current awareness services can be purchased from external vendors, whilst others may be offered by a library or information unit to its particular group of users.
    Ex. A watering hole in Spain is serving up free beer and tapas to recession-weary customers who insult its bartenders as a way to let off steam.
    ----
    * proporcionar apoyo = provide + support, support.
    * proporcionar asesoramiento = dispense + advice.
    * proporcionar conocimientos técnicos = supply + know-how.
    * proporcionar el + Nombre + adecuado al + Nombre + adecuado en el moment = provide + the right + Nombre + to the right + Nombre + at the right time.
    * proporcionar información = release + information.
    * proporcionar los medios para = provide + the material for.
    * proporcionar pruebas = provide + evidence.
    * proporcionar una respuesta = furnish + answer.
    * * *
    verbo transitivo <materiales/información/comida> to provide
    * * *
    = give, issue, provide, furnish (with), produce, dispense, offer, serve up.

    Ex: An abstract of a bibliography can be expected to note whether author affiliations are given = Es de esperar que el resumen de una bibliografía indique si se incluyen los lugares de trabajo de los autores.

    Ex: Once a user is registered, a password will be issued which provides access to all or most of the data bases offered by the host as and when the user wishes.
    Ex: To start with, most catalogues, indexes, data bases and bibliographies provide access to information or documents.
    Ex: One of the definitions of 'organise' is to furnish with organs, make organic, make into living being or tissue.
    Ex: The perfect librarian may be defined as one who produces the information a reader requires as soon as the reader asks for it.
    Ex: This paper describes the role of the federal government in dispensing aid to public libraries as part of the combat against the Great Depression of the 1930s.
    Ex: Thus some current awareness services can be purchased from external vendors, whilst others may be offered by a library or information unit to its particular group of users.
    Ex: A watering hole in Spain is serving up free beer and tapas to recession-weary customers who insult its bartenders as a way to let off steam.
    * proporcionar apoyo = provide + support, support.
    * proporcionar asesoramiento = dispense + advice.
    * proporcionar conocimientos técnicos = supply + know-how.
    * proporcionar el + Nombre + adecuado al + Nombre + adecuado en el moment = provide + the right + Nombre + to the right + Nombre + at the right time.
    * proporcionar información = release + information.
    * proporcionar los medios para = provide + the material for.
    * proporcionar pruebas = provide + evidence.
    * proporcionar una respuesta = furnish + answer.

    * * *
    vt
    si tú haces el trabajo yo puedo proporcionar los materiales if you do the work I can provide o supply the materials
    me proporcionó toda la información necesaria she provided me with o gave me all the necessary information
    los jóvenes siempre proporcionan un ambiente más alegre en casa young people always liven things up o create a livelier atmosphere in the house
    esto proporcionó un buen disgusto a su familia this greatly upset his family, this caused his family great distress
    * * *

     

    proporcionar ( conjugate proporcionar) verbo transitivomateriales/información/comida to provide;
    proporcionar algo a algn to provide sb with sth
    proporcionar verbo transitivo
    1 (comida, etc) to provide with, supply
    2 (placer, preocupaciones, etc) to give: salió adelante gracias al apoyo proporcionado por sus amigos, she got ahead thanks to her friends' help
    ' proporcionar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    consagrar
    - dar
    - procurar
    - brindar
    - facilitar
    - vestir
    English:
    afford
    - lay on
    - provide
    - supply
    - furnish
    - issue
    * * *
    1. [facilitar]
    proporcionar algo a alguien to provide sb with sth;
    las autoridades proporcionaron alojamiento a todos los refugiados the authorities provided all the refugees with accommodation;
    proporcionamos el material necesario a los alumnos we provide o supply students with the necessary materials
    2. [ajustar]
    proporcionar algo a algo to adapt sth to sth;
    deben proporcionar los gastos a los ingresos they ought to adjust their spending to their income
    3. [producir]
    esta empresa sólo proporciona disgustos this company causes nothing but trouble;
    esta música proporciona paz y tranquilidad this music produces a sensation of peace and tranquillity
    * * *
    v/t ( suministrar) provide, supply; satisfacción give
    * * *
    1) : to provide, to give
    2) : to proportion, to adapt
    * * *
    proporcionar vb to provide with

    Spanish-English dictionary > proporcionar

  • 97 rara vez

    adv.
    seldom, infrequently, rarely, hardly ever.
    * * *
    seldom
    * * *
    * * *
    = infrequently, rarely, seldom, uncommonly, on rare occasions
    Ex. Taking into account both indexing and searching effort a KWIC index is most appropriate for an index that will be studied only infrequently.
    Ex. An unsought term is one which a user would rarely, if ever, think of consulting in the A/Z index when formulating his request for information about a particular subject.
    Ex. It can be indexed by the all access-point files in the system catalog, but it is seldom necessary to have more than name, title, and subject indexes.
    Ex. At all periods, but uncommonly before the eighteenth century, the lines of type might be 'leaded', thin strips of typemetal, reglet, or card being slipped in between each one.
    Ex. If either spouse on rare occasions out of frustration or anger slams a door or speaks angry words is it fair to label he or she as an abuser?.
    * * *
    = infrequently, rarely, seldom, uncommonly, on rare occasions

    Ex: Taking into account both indexing and searching effort a KWIC index is most appropriate for an index that will be studied only infrequently.

    Ex: An unsought term is one which a user would rarely, if ever, think of consulting in the A/Z index when formulating his request for information about a particular subject.
    Ex: It can be indexed by the all access-point files in the system catalog, but it is seldom necessary to have more than name, title, and subject indexes.
    Ex: At all periods, but uncommonly before the eighteenth century, the lines of type might be 'leaded', thin strips of typemetal, reglet, or card being slipped in between each one.
    Ex: If either spouse on rare occasions out of frustration or anger slams a door or speaks angry words is it fair to label he or she as an abuser?.

    Spanish-English dictionary > rara vez

  • 98 कामः _kāmḥ

    कामः [कम्-घञ्]
    1 Wish, desire; संतानकामाय R.2.65, 3.67; oft. used with the inf. form; गन्तुकामः desirous to go; संगात्संजायते कामः Bg.2.62; Ms.2.94.
    -2 Object of desire; सर्वान् कामान् समश्नुते Ms.2.5; Bṛi. Up.1.3.28. Kaṭh. Up.1.25.
    -3 Affection, love.
    -4 Love or desire of sensual enjoyments, considered as one of the ends of life (पुरुषार्थ); cf. अर्थ and अर्थकाम.
    -5 Desire of carnal gratification, lust; Ms.2.214; न मय्यावेशितधियां कामः कामाय कल्पते Bhāg.1.22.26.
    -6 The god of love.
    -7 N. of Pradyumna.
    -8 N. of Balarāma.
    -9 A kind of mango tree.
    -1 The Supreme Being.
    -मा Desire, wish; उवाच च महासर्पं कामया ब्रूहि पन्नग Mb.3.179.2.
    -मम् 1 Object of desire.
    -2 Semen virile. [Kāma is the Cupid of the Hindu mythology- the son of Kṛiṣṇa and Rukmiṇī. His wife is Rati. When the gods wanted a commander for their forces in their war with Tāraka, they sought the aid of Kāma in drawing the mind of Śiva towards Pārvatī, whose issue alone could vanquish the demon. Kāma undertook the mission; but Śiva, being offended at the disturbance of his penance, burnt him down with the fire of his third eye. Subsequently he was allowed by Śiva to be born again in the form of Pradyumna at the request of Rati. His intimate friend is Vasanta or the spring; and his son is Aniruddha. He is armed with a bow and arrows--the bow-string being a line of bees, and arrows of flowers of five different plants].
    -Comp. -अग्निः 1 a fire of love, violent or ardent love.
    -2 violent desire, fire of passion. ˚संदीपनम्
    1 inflaming fire of love.
    -2 an aphrodisiac.
    -अङ्कुशः 1 a finger- nail (which plays an important part in erotic acts).
    -2 the male organ of generation.
    -अङ्गः the mango tree.
    -अधिकारः the influence of love or desire.
    -अधिष्ठित a. overcome by love.
    -अनलः see कामाग्नि.
    -अन्ध a. blinded by love or passion. (
    -न्धः) the (Indian) cuckoo.
    -अन्धा musk.
    -अन्निन् a. getting food at will.
    -अभिकाम a. libidinous, lustful.
    -अरण्यम् a pleasant grove.
    -अरिः 1 an epithet of Śiva; ते समेत्य तु कामारिं त्रिपुरारिं त्रिलोचनम् Rām.7.6.3.
    -2 a mineral subs- tance.
    -अर्थिन् a. amorous, lustful, lascivious.
    -अवतारः N. of Pradyumna.
    -अवशा(सा)यिता f.
    1 Self-control.
    -2 a kind of Yogic power.
    -अवसायः suppression of passion or desire, stoicism.
    -अशनम् 1 eating at will.
    -2 unrestrained enjoyment.
    -आख्या, -अक्षी N. of Durgā.
    -आतुर a. love-sick, affected by love; कामातुराणां न भयं न लज्जा Subhāṣ.
    -आत्मजः an epithet of Aniruddha, son of Pradyumna.
    -आत्मन् a. lustful, libidinous, en- amoured. कामात्मानः स्वर्गफलाः Bg.2.43. Mb.1.119.3-4. Ms.7.27.
    -आयुधम् 1 arrow of the god of love.
    -2 membrum virile. (
    -धः) the mango-tree.
    -आयुस् m.
    1 a vulture.
    -2 Garuḍa.
    -आर्त a. love-stricken, affected by love; कामार्ता हि प्रकृतिकृपणाश्चेतनाचेतनेषु Me.5.
    -आश्रमः the hermitage of the god of love; Rām.1.
    -आसक्त a. overcome with love or desire, impassioned, lustful.
    -इष्टः the mango tree.
    -ईप्सु a. striving to obtain a desired object, यत्तु कामेप्सुना कर्म Bg.18.24.
    -ईशः, -ईश्वरः 1 an epithet of Kubera;
    -2 the Supreme soul.
    -3 a person possessing all wealth. अपास्य कामा- न्कामेशो वसेत्तत्राविचारयन् Mb.12.287.56.
    -उदकम् 1 voluntary libation of water.
    -2 a voluntary libation of water to deceased friends exclusive of those who are entitled to it by law; कामोदकं सखिप्रत्तास्वस्रीयश्वशुर- र्त्विजाम् Y.3.4.
    - उपहत a. affected by or overcome with passion.
    -कला N. of Rati, the wife of Kāma.
    -काम, -कामिन् a. following the dictates of love or passion, गतागतं कामकामा लभन्ते Bg.9.21; स शान्तिमाप्नोति न कामकामी Bg.2.7.
    -कार a. acting at will, indulging one's desires.
    (-रः) 1 voluntary action, spontaneous deed; Rām.2.11.18; Ms.11.41,45.
    -2 desire, influ- ence of desire; अयुक्तः कामकारेण फले सक्तो निबध्यते Bg.5. 12.
    -कूटः 1 the paramour of a harlot.
    -2 harlotry.
    -कृत् a.
    1 acting at will, acting as one likes.
    -2 granting or fulfilling a desire. (-m.) the Supreme soul.
    -केलि a. lustful.
    (-लिः) 1 a paramour.
    -2 amorous sport.
    -3 copulation.
    -क्रीडा 1 dalliance of love, amorous sport.
    -2 copulation.
    - a. going of one's own accord, able to act or move as one likes.
    (-गा) 1 an unchaste or libidinous woman; Y.3.6.
    -2 a female Kokila.
    -गति a. able to go to any desired place; अध्यास्त कामगति सावरजो विमानम् R.13.76.
    -गुणः 1 the quality of passion, affection.
    -2 satiety, perfect enjoyment.
    -3 an object of sense.
    -चर, -चार a. moving freely or unrestrained, wandering at will; सर्वेषु लोकेष्वकामचारो भवति Bṛi. Up.7.25.2; नारदः कामचरः Ku.1.5.
    -चार a. unchecked, unrestrained.
    (-रः) 1 unrestrained motion.
    -2 independent or wilful action, wantonness; न कामचारो मयि शङ्कनीयः R.14.62.
    -3 one's will or pleasure, free will; अव्यपवृक्ते कामचारः Mbh. on Śiva Sūtra 3.4. कामचारानुज्ञा Sk.; Ms.2.22.
    -4 sensuality.
    -5 selfishness.
    -चारिन् a.
    1 moving unrestrained; Me.65.
    -2 libidinous, lustful.
    -3 self-willed. (-m.)
    1 Garuḍa.
    -2 a sparrow.
    - a. produced by passion or desire; Ms.7.46,47,5.
    -जः anger; रथो वेदी कामजो युद्धमग्निः Mb.12.24.27.
    -जननी betel-pepper (नागवेली).
    -जानः, -निः See कामतालः.
    -जित् a. conquering love or passion; R.9.33. (-m.)
    1 an epithet of Skanda.
    -2 of Śiva.
    -तन्त्रम् N. of a work.
    -तालः the (Indian) cuckoo.
    - a. fulfilling a desire, granting a request or desire. (
    -दः) an epithet of Skanda and of Śiva.
    -दहनम् a particular festival on the day of full moon in the month फाल्गुन (Mar. होलिकोत्सव).
    -दा = कामधेनु q. v.
    -दर्शन a. looking lovely.
    -दानम् 1 a gift to one's satisfaction.
    -2 a kind of ceremony among prosti- tutes; B. P.
    -दुघ a. 'milking one's desires', granting every desired object; प्रीता कामदुघा हि सा R.1.81,2.63; Māl.3.11.
    -दुघा, -दुह् f. a fabulous cow yielding all desires; आयुधानामहं वज्रं धेनूनामस्मि कामधुक् Bg.1.28. स्वर्गे लोके कामधुग्भवति Mbh. on P.VI.1.84.
    -दूती the female cuckoo.
    -दृश् f. a woman; विमोचितुं कामदृशां विहारक्रीडामृगो यन्निगडो विसर्गः Bhāg.7.6.17.
    -देव 1 the god of love.
    -2 N. of Śiva.
    -3 N. of Viṣṇu.
    -दोहिन् a. granting desires.
    -धर्मः amorous behaviour.
    -धेनुः f. the cow of plenty, a heavenly cow yielding all desires; कलतिवलती कामधेनू; or कलिवली कामधेनू Vyāka- raṇa Subhāṣita.
    -ध्वंसिन् m. an epithet of Śiva.
    -पति, -पत्नी f. Rati, wife of Cupid.
    -पालः N. of Balarāma; also of Śiva.
    -प्रद a. granting desires.
    (-दः) 1 a kind of coitus.
    -2 the Supreme Being.
    -प्रवेदनम् expressing one's desire, wish or hope; कच्चित् कामप्रवेदने Ak.
    -प्रश्नः an unrestrained or free question; स ह कामप्रश्नमेव वव्रे Bṛi. Up.4.3.1.
    -फलः a species of the mango tree.
    -ला the plantain tree.
    -भाज् a. partaking of sensual enjoyment; कामानां त्वा कामभाजं करोमि Kaṭh.1.24.
    -भोगाः (pl.) sensual grati- fications; प्रसक्ताः कामभोगेषु Bg.16.16.
    -महः a festival of the god of love celebrated on the full-moon day in the month of Chaitra.
    -मालिन् m. N. of Gaṇeśa.
    -मूढ, -मोहित a. influenced or infatuated by love; यत्क्रौञ्च- मिथुनादेकमवधीः काममोहितम् U.2.5.
    -रसः 1 seminal dis- charge.
    -2 the spling
    -रसिक a. lustful, libidinous; क्षणमपि युवा कामरसिकः Bh.3.112.
    -रूप a.
    1 taking any form at will; जानामि त्वां प्रकृतिपुरुषं कामरूपं मघोनः Me.6.
    -2 beautiful, pleasing. (
    -पाः) (pl.) a district lying in the east of Bengal (the west- ern portion of Assam); तमीशः कामरूपाणाम् R.4.83,84.
    -रूपिन् a.
    1 taking any form at will; कामान्नी कामरूपी Tait. Up.3.1.5.
    -2 beautiful. -m.
    1 a pole-cat.
    -2 a boar.
    -3 a Vidyādhara.
    -रेखा, -लेखा a harlot, courtezan.
    -लता membrum virile.
    -लोल a. overcome with passion, love-stricken.
    -वरः a gift chosen at will.
    -वल्लभः 1 the spring.
    -2 the moon.
    -3 the mango tree. (
    -भा) moonlight.
    -वश a. influenced by love. (
    -शः) subjection to love.
    -वश्य n. subject to love.
    -वाद a. saying anything at will.
    -विहन्तृ a. disappointing desires.
    -वीर्य a. 'showing heroism at will,' an epithet of Garuḍa.
    -वृक्षम् a. paracitical plant.
    -वृत्त a. addicted to sensual gratification, licentious, dissipated; विशीलः कामवृत्तो वा गुणैर्वा परिवर्जितः । उपचर्यः स्त्रिया साध्व्या सततं देववत्पतिः ॥ Ms. 5.154.
    -वृत्ति a. acting according to will, self-willed, independent; न कामवृत्तिर्वचनीयमीक्षते Ku.5.82. (
    -त्तिः) f.
    1 free and unrestrained action.
    -2 freedom of will.
    -वृद्धिः f. increase of passion.
    -वृन्तम् the trumpet flower.
    - शर 1 a love shaft.
    -2 the mango tree.
    -शास्त्रम् the science of love, erotic science.
    -संयोगः attainment of desired objects.
    -सखः 1 the spring.
    -2 the month of Chaitra.
    -3 the mango tree.
    -सू a. fulfilling any desire. किमत्र चित्रं यदि कामसूर्भूः R.5.33. -m. N. of Vāsudeva. -f. N. of Rukmiṇi;
    -सूत्रम् 1 N. of an erotic work by Vātsyāyana.
    -2 'thread of love', love-incident' औद्धत्यमायोजितकामसूत्रम् Māl.1.4.
    -हैतुक a. produced by mere desire without any real cause; Bg.16.8.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > कामः _kāmḥ

  • 99 viser

    viser [vize]
    ➭ TABLE 1
    1. transitive verb
       a. [+ objectif, cible, effet, carrière] to aim at
       b. [mesure] to be aimed at
       c. ( = regarder) (inf!) to have a look at
    vise un peu ça ! just have a look at that!
    viser à ( = avoir pour but de) viser à qch/à faire qch to aim at sth/to do sth
    3. intransitive verb
       a. [tireur] to aim
    viser juste to aim accurately ; (figurative) to hit the mark
    viser trop haut/trop bas to aim too high/too low
       b. ( = ambitionner) viser haut/plus haut to set one's sights high/higher
    * * *
    vize
    1.
    1) ( pointer son regard) to aim at [cible]; ( vouloir atteindre) to aim for [cœur, centre]
    2) ( aspirer à) to aim for [poste, résultats]; to aim at [marché]
    3) ( concerner) [loi, campagne] to be aimed at; [remarque, allusion] to be meant ou intended for

    2.
    viser à verbe transitif indirect

    viser à quelque chose/à faire — to aim at something/to do


    3.
    verbe intransitif
    1) (avec un fusil, un appareil photo) to aim
    2) fig
    * * *
    vize
    1. vi
    1) (avec une arme) to aim
    2)

    Cette politique vise à l'alphabétisation de l'ensemble de la population. — This policy aims to promote literacy throughout the whole population.

    La manœuvre des pompiers visait à ralentir la progression de l'incendie. — The aim of the firefighters' actions was to slow the fire's progress.

    2. vt
    1) (avec une arme) to aim at

    Il faut viser la cible. — You have to aim at the target.

    2) (= concerner) to be aimed at
    3) (= apposer un visa sur) to stamp, to visa
    * * *
    viser verb table: aimer
    A vtr
    1 ( pointer son regard) to aim at [cible]; ( vouloir atteindre) to aim for [cœur, centre];
    2 ( aspirer à) to aim for [poste, résultats]; to aim at [marché]; viser la première place to aim to be first;
    3 ( concerner) [loi, campagne] to be aimed at; [remarque, allusion] to be meant ou intended for; le projet de loi vise les bas salaires the bill is aimed at the low-paid; les employés visés par la décision the employees to whom the ruling applies, the employees who are affected by the ruling; se sentir visé to feel one is being got at;
    4 ( regarder) to get a load of, to take a look at; vise un peu ça! get a load of that!;
    5 Admin to stamp [document]; to visa GB, put a visa in US [passeport].
    B viser à vtr ind viser à qch/à faire to aim at sth/to do; émission qui vise à changer les attitudes programmeGB which aims to change attitudes; le projet de loi vise à la privatisation des banques the bill is aimed at privatizing banks, the bill aims to privatize banks.
    C vi
    1 (avec un fusil, un appareil photo) to aim; viser juste/trop à gauche to aim accurately/too far left;
    2 fig viser (trop) haut/bas to set one's sights (too) high/low.
    [vize] verbe transitif
    1. ARMEMENT [cible] to (take) aim at (inseparable)
    [jambe, tête] to aim for
    2. [aspirer à - poste] to set one's sights on (inseparable), to aim for ; [ - résultats] to aim at ou for (inseparable)
    3. [concerner - suj: réforme] to be aimed ou directed at ; [ - suj: critique] to be aimed ou directed at, to be meant for
    5. ADMINISTRATION [passeport] to visa
    [document - généralement] to stamp ; [ - avec ses initiales] to initial
    ————————
    [vize] verbe intransitif
    viser juste/trop bas to aim accurately/too low
    viser (trop) haut to set one's sights ou to aim (too) high
    ————————
    viser à verbe plus préposition
    [suj: politique, personne] to aim at

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > viser

  • 100 Cum

    1.
    cum (archaic form COM, found in an inscr., COM PREIVATVD; in MSS. sometimes quom or quum), prep. with abl. [for skom, Sanscr. root sak, together; cf. sequor, and Gr. koinos, sun], designates in gen. accompaniment, community, connection of one object with another (opp. sine, separatim, etc.), with, together, together with, in connection or company with, along with; sometimes also to be translated and.
    I.
    In gen., Plaut. Am. prol. 95:

    qui cum Amphitruone abiit hinc in exercitum,

    id. ib. prol. 125:

    cum Pansā vixi in Pompeiano,

    Cic. Att. 14, 20, 4:

    semper ille antea cum uxore, tum sine eā,

    id. Mil. 21, 55:

    quibuscum essem libenter,

    id. Fam. 5, 21, 1; cf.:

    cum quibus in ceteris intellegis afuisse,

    id. Sull. 3, 7:

    si cenas hodie mecum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 70:

    vagamur egentes cum conjugibus et liberis,

    Cic. Att. 8, 2, 3:

    errare malo cum Platone, etc.,

    id. Tusc. 1, 17, 39:

    qui unum imperium unumque magistratum cum ipsis habeant,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 3 et saep.—
    b.
    In an expression of displeasure:

    in' hinc, quo dignus, cum donis tuis Tam lepidis,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 3, 9; cf. Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 33; Ter. And. 5, 4, 38; id. Eun. 1, 2, 73; id. Heaut. 4, 6, 7 al.—
    B.
    In a designation of time with which some action concurs:

    egone abs te abii hinc hodie cum diluculo?

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 121; so,

    cum primo luci,

    id. Cist. 2, 1, 58:

    cras cum filio cum primo luci ibo hinc,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 55; Cic. Off. 3, 31, 112; cf.:

    cum primā luce,

    id. Att. 4, 3, 4; and:

    cum primo lumine solis,

    Verg. A. 7, 130: cum primo mane, Auct. B. Afr. 62: cum mane, Lucil. ap. Diom. p. 372 P:

    pariter cum ortu solis,

    Sall. J. 106, 5:

    pariter cum occasu solis,

    id. ib. 68, 2; cf.:

    cum sole reliquit,

    Verg. A. 3, 568 et saep.:

    mane cum luci simul,

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 31; v. simul: exiit cum nuntio (i. e. at the same time with, etc.), Caes. B. G. 5, 46; cf.: cum his nuntius Romam ad consulendum redit ( = hama toisde), Liv. 1, 32, 10:

    simul cum dono designavit templo Jovis fines,

    id. 1, 10, 5; cf.:

    et vixisse cum re publicā pariter, et cum illā simul extinctus esse videatur,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 3, 10.—
    C.
    In designating the relations, circumstances, way, and manner with which any act is connected, by which it is accompanied, under or in which it takes place, etc., with, in, under, in the midst of, among, to, at: aliquid cum malo suo facere, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 4, 4; cf.:

    cum magnā calamitate et prope pernicie civitatis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 63:

    cum summā rei publicae salute et cum tuā peste ac pernicie cumque eorum exitio, qui, etc.,

    id. Cat. 1, 13, 33:

    cum magno provinciae periculo,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 10:

    cum summo probro,

    Ter. And. 5, 3, 10: cum summo terrore hominum, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24, 6:

    cum summā tuā dignitate,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 22, 61:

    cum bonā alite,

    Cat. 61, 19:

    ferendum hoc onus est cum labore,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 21; cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 59:

    multis cum lacrimis aliquem obsecrare,

    amid many tears, Caes. B. G. 1, 20; cf.:

    hunc ipsum abstulit magno cum gemitu civitatis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 19, § 49:

    orare cum lacrimis coepere,

    Liv. 5, 30, 5:

    si minus cum curā aut cautelā locus loquendi lectus est,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 6 Ritschl; so,

    cum curā,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 39, 70; Sall. J. 54, 1; Liv. 22, 42, 5 et saep.; cf.:

    cum summo studio,

    Sall. C. 51, 38:

    cum quanto studio periculoque,

    Liv. 8, 25, 12 al.:

    cum multā venustate et omni sale,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 9:

    summā cum celeritate ad exercitum rediit,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 52:

    maximo cum clamore involant,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 89:

    cum clamore,

    Liv. 2, 23, 8; 5, 45, 2:

    cum clamore ac tumultu,

    id. 9, 31, 8; cf.:

    Athenienses cum silentio auditi sunt,

    id. 38, 10, 4; 7, 35, 1:

    illud cum pace agemus,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 29, 83:

    cum bonā pace,

    Liv. 1, 24, 3; 21, 24, 5:

    cum bonā gratiā,

    Cic. Fat. 4, 7:

    cum bonā veniā,

    Liv. 29, 1, 7; cf.:

    cum veniā,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 1, 104; Quint. 10, 1, 72:

    cum virtute vivere,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 8, 29; cf. id. ib. 2, 11, 34:

    cum judicio,

    Quint. 10, 1, 8:

    cum firmā memoriā,

    id. 5, 10, 54:

    legata cum fide ac sine calumniā persolvere,

    Suet. Calig. 16:

    spolia in aede... cum sollemni dedicatione dono fixit,

    Liv. 4, 20, 3.—
    b.
    Attributively, with subst.:

    et huic proelium cum Tuscis ad Janiculum erat crimini,

    Liv. 2, 52, 7 Weissenb. ad loc.:

    frumenti cum summā caritate inopia erat,

    id. 2, 12, 1; 2, 5, 2; 7, 29, 3.—
    2.
    Cum eo quod, ut, or ne (in an amplification or limitation), with the circumstance or in the regard that, on or under the condition, with the exception, that, etc. (except once in Cic. epistt. not ante-Aug.).
    (α).
    Cum eo quod, with indic., Quint. 12, 10, 47 Spald.; 10, 7, 13; so,

    cum eo quidem, quod, etc.,

    id. 2, 4, 30. —With subj.:

    sit sane, quoniam ita tu vis: sed tamen cum eo, credo, quod sine peccato meo fiat,

    Cic. Att. 6, 1, 7.—
    (β).
    With ut:

    Antium nova colonia missa cum eo, ut Antiatibus permitteretur, si et ipsi adscribi coloni vellent,

    Liv. 8, 14, 8; so id. 8, 14, 2; 30, 10, 21; 36, 5, 3; Cels. 3, 22.—So with tamen:

    cum eo tamen, ut nullo tempore is... non sit sustinendus,

    Cels. 3, 5 fin.; 4, 6 fin.
    (γ).
    With ne:

    obsequar voluntati tuae cum eo, ne dubites, etc.,

    Col. 5, 1, 4:

    cum eo, ne amplius quam has urant,

    Cels. 7, 22; and with tamen:

    cum eo tamen, ne, etc.,

    id. 2, 17.—
    3.
    Cum dis volentibus, etc., with God's help, by the will of the gods, sun theôi:

    cum divis volentibus quodque bene eveniat mando tibi, Mani, etc.,

    Cato, R. R. 141, 1: volentibu' cum magnis dis, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38:

    agite, cum dis bene juvantibus arma capite,

    Liv. 21, 43, 7; so,

    cum superis,

    Claud. Cons. Stil. III. p. 174.—
    4.
    Cum with an ordinal number (cum octavo, cum decimo, etc.) for our - fold, in economical lang., of the multiplication of cultivated products:

    ut ex eodem semine aliubi cum decimo redeat, aliubi cum quinto decimo,

    ten-, fifteenfold, Varr. R. R. 1, 44, 1; so,

    cum octavo, cum decimo,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 47, § 112:

    cum centesimo,

    Plin. 18, 10, 21, § 95; cf. with a subst.:

    cum centesimā fruge agricolis faenus reddente terrā,

    id. 5, 4, 3, § 24.—
    D.
    With a means or instrument, considered as attending or accompanying the actor in his action (so most freq. anteclass., or in the poets and scientific writers): acribus inter se cum armis confligere, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 261, 6: effundit voces proprio cum pectore, Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. G. 2, 424: cum voce maximā conclamat, Claud. Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 13, 10:

    cum linguā lingere,

    Cat. 98, 3:

    cum suo gurgite accepit venientem (fluvius),

    Verg. A. 9, 816:

    cum vino et oleo ungere,

    Veg. 1, 11, 8 et saep.:

    terra in Augurum libris scripta cum R uno,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 21 Müll.
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    Completing the meaning of verbs.
    1.
    With verbs of union, connection, and agreement: cum veteribus copiis se conjungere, Caes. B. G. 1, 37:

    ut proprie cohaereat cum narratione,

    Auct. Her. 1, 7, 11:

    (haec) arbitror mihi constare cum ceteris scriptoribus,

    id. 1, 9, 16:

    interfectam esse... convenit mihi cum adversariis,

    id. 1, 10, 17; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 22, 31:

    quī autem poterat in gratiam redire cum Oppianico Cluentius?

    id. Clu. 31, 86:

    hanc sententiam cum virtute congruere semper,

    id. Off. 3, 3, 13:

    foedera quibus etiam cum hoste devincitur fides,

    id. ib. 3, 31, 111:

    capita nominis Latini stare ac sentire cum rege videbant,

    Liv. 1, 52, 4:

    cum aliquo in gratiam redire,

    id. 3, 58, 4:

    stabat cum eo senatūs majestas,

    id. 8, 34, 1:

    conjurasse cum Pausaniā,

    Curt. 7, 1, 6:

    Autronium secum facere,

    Cic. Sull. 13, 36; cf. also conecto, colligo, consentio, compono, etc.—
    2.
    Of companionship, association, sharing, etc.:

    cum his me oblecto, qui res gestas aut orationes scripserunt suas,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 14, 61:

    quoniam vivitur, non cum perfectis hominibus, sed cum iis, etc.,

    id. Off. 1, 15, 46:

    nulla (societas) carior quam ea quae cum re publicā est unicuique nostrum,

    id. ib. 1, 17, 51:

    cum civibus vivere,

    id. ib. 1, 34, 124:

    cum M. Fabio mihi summus usus est,

    id. Fam. 9, 25, 2; cf.:

    cum quibus publice privatimque hospitia amicitiasque junxerant,

    Liv. 1, 45, 2:

    partiri cum Dinaeā matre jussit,

    Cic. Clu. 7, 21:

    cum Baebio communicare,

    id. ib. 16, 47; cf.

    of local association, nearness: cum mortuā jugulatum servum nudum positurum ait,

    Liv. 1, 58, 4:

    duos tamen pudor cum eo tenuit,

    id. 2, 10, 5.—
    3.
    Of intercourse, traffic, etc.:

    cum aliquo agere,

    to deal with, Cic. Ac. 2, 35, 112; Caes. B. G. 1, 13:

    cum eo Accius injuriarum agit,

    Auct. Her. 1, 14, 24:

    si par est agere cum civibus,

    Cic. Off. 2, 23, 83; 3, 22, 88; id. Scaur. 10, 20; cf. id. Fam. 5, 18, 1; Liv. 1, 19, 7; 3, 9, 13; 4, 15, 2; Val. Max. 4, 3, 8:

    si mihi cum Peripateticis res esset,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 35, 112:

    tecum enim mihi res est,

    id. Rosc. Am. 30, 84:

    uni tibi et cum singulis res est,

    Liv. 2, 12, 11:

    pacem cum Sabinis facere,

    Cic. Off. 3, 30, 109.—Esp.: agere cum aliquo, to have a lawsuit with, Gai Inst. 4, 87; 4, 114 et saep.; v. ago, II. B. 8. a., and II. B. 9.; consisto, I. B. 5.; cf. also pango, etc.—
    4.
    Of deliberation and discussion:

    haec ego cum ipsis philosophis disserebam,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 13, 57:

    tempus cum conjuratis consultando absumunt,

    Liv. 2, 4, 3 et saep.; v. also cogito, reputo, dubito, etc.—
    5.
    Of strife, difference, etc.:

    quibuscum continenter bellum gerunt,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 1:

    cum Cleanthe quam multis rebus Chrysippus dissidet!

    Cic. Ac. 2, 47, 143:

    neque tam quererer cum deo quod, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 25, 81:

    cum quo Antiochum saepe disputantem audiebam,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 11:

    cum stomacheretur cum Metello,

    id. Or. 2, 66, 267:

    manu cum hoste confligere,

    id. Off. 1, 23, 81:

    utilia cum honestis pugnare,

    id. ib. 3, 7, 34: cum Catone dissentire. id. ib. 3, 22, 88:

    cum majoribus nostris bella gessit,

    id. Scaur. 19, 45; Liv. 1, 35, 7; 7, 22, 4:

    cum Auruncis bellum inire,

    id. 2, 16, 8; cf.:

    cum Volscis aequo Marte discessum est,

    id. 2, 40, 14:

    inimicitias cum Africano gerere,

    Val. Max. 4, 1, 8; Sen. Vit. Beat. 2, 3:

    cum Scipione dissentire,

    Val. Max. 4, 1, 12:

    cum utrāque (uxore) divortium fecit,

    Suet. Claud. 26; cf. also certo, pugno, discrepo, differo, distraho, dissentio, etc.—
    6.
    Of comparison:

    nec Arcesilae calumnia conferenda est cum Democriti verecundiā,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 5, 14:

    hanc rationem dicendi cum imperatoris laude comparare,

    id. de Or. 1, 2, 8:

    conferam Sullamne cum Junio,

    id. Clu. 34, 94:

    (orationem) cum magnitudine utilitatis comparare,

    id. Off. 2, 6, 20.—
    B.
    Pregn., implying the notion of being furnished, endowed, clothed with any thing, or of possessing, holding, suffering under, etc., in a lit. and trop. sense: ille vir haud magnā cum re sed plenus fidei, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 1, 1 (cf. the antith.:

    hominem sine re, sine fide,

    Cic. Cael. 32, 78):

    a portu illuc nunc cum laternā advenit,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 149:

    cadus cum vino,

    id. Stich. 5, 1, 7; cf. id. Pers. 2, 3, 15:

    olla cum aquā,

    Cato, R. R. 156:

    arcula cum ornamentis,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 91:

    fiscos cum pecuniā Siciliensi,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 8, 22:

    onerariae naves cum commeatu,

    Liv. 30, 24, 5 et saep.:

    cum servili schemā,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 117;

    so of clothing,

    id. Rud. 1, 4, 31; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 24, § 54; 2, 5, 13, § 31; [p. 490] id. Rab. Post. 10, 27; Liv. 35, 34, 7; Suet. Claud. 13; Sil. 1, 94 et saep.:

    ut ne quis cum telo servus esset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 3, § 7;

    so of weapons,

    id. Phil. 2, 8, 19; cf.:

    inmissi cum falcibus, etc.,

    id. Tusc. 5, 23, 65:

    vidi argenteum Cupidinem cum lampade,

    holding, id. Verr. 2, 2, 47, § 115:

    simulacrum Cereris cum faucibus,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 49, §

    109: cum elephanti capite puer natus,

    Liv. 27, 11, 5; cf.:

    cum quinque pedibus natus,

    id. 30, 2, 10; 33, 1, 11; 27, 4, 14 al.: omnia cum pulchris animis Romana juventus, Enn. ap. Don. ad Ter. Phorm. 3, 1, 1; cf.

    Ter. ib.: Minucius cum vulnere gravi relatus in castra,

    Liv. 9, 44, 14:

    te Romam venisse cum febri,

    Cic. Att. 6, 9, 1; so id. de Or. 3, 2, 6; id. Clu. 62, 175: cum eisdem suis vitiis nobilissimus, with all his faults, i. e. in spite of, id. ib. 40, 112:

    ex eis qui cum imperio sint,

    id. Fam. 1, 1, 3 Manut.; cf.:

    cum imperio aut magistratu,

    Suet. Tib. 12 Bremi; v. imperium.—
    C.
    With idem (never of the identity of two subjects, but freq. of the relation of two subjects to the same object, etc.;

    v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 538): tibi mecum in eodem est pistrino vivendum,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 144:

    quandoque tu... omnibus in eisdem flagitiis mecum versatus es,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 80, § 187:

    Numidae... in eādem mecum Africā geniti,

    Liv. 30, 12, 15; 28, 28, 14; Tac. A. 15, 2; Val. Max. 6, 5, 3.—
    D.
    In the adverb. phrase, cum primis, with the foremost, i.e. especially, particularly (rare), Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 28, § 68; id. Brut. 62, 224.—Post-class. also as one word: cumprīmis, Gell. 1, 12, 7 al.
    a.
    Cum in anastrophe. So always with the pers. pron.: mecum, tecum, secum, nobiscum, etc.; cf. Cic. Or. 45, 154; Prisc. pp. 949 and 988 P.; and in gen. with the rel. pron.:

    quocum (quīcum), quacum, quibuscum, quīcum (for quocum),

    Cic. Or. 45, 154; Liv. 38, 9, 2; Cic. Att. 5, 1, 4; id. Verr. 2, 2, 31, §§ 76 and 77; Caes. B. G. 1, 8; Cic. Rep. 1, 10, 15; id. Att. 4, 9, 2; id. Off. 1, 35, 126; Quint. 8, 6, 65; 10, 5, 7; 11, 2, 38. But where cum is emphatic, or a demonstrative pron. is understood, cum is placed before the rel.; cf.:

    his de rebus velim cum Pompeio, cum Camillo, cum quibus vobis videbitur, consideretis,

    Cic. Fam. 14, 14, 3:

    adhibuit sibi quindecim principes cum quibus causas cognovit,

    id. Off. 2, 23, 82; Liv. 1, 45, 2.—
    b.
    Before et... et, connecting two substt.:

    cum et diurno et nocturno metu,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 66.
    III.
    In compounds the primitive form com was alone in use, and was unchanged before b, p, m: comburo, compono, committo, and a few words beginning with vowels: comes, comitium, and comitor; m was assimilated before r: corripio; often before l: colligo or conligo; rarely before n, as connumero, but usually dropped: conecto, conitor, conubium; with the change of m into n before all the remaining consonants: concutio, condono, confero, congero, conqueror, consumo, contero, convinco; so, conjicio, etc., but more usually conicio; and with the rejection of m before vowels and before h: coarguo, coëo, coinquino, coopto, cohibeo.—
    B.
    It designates,
    1.
    A being or bringing together of several objects: coëo, colloquor, convivor, etc.: colligo, compono, condo, etc.—
    2.
    The completeness, perfecting of any act, and thus gives intensity to the signif. of the simple word, as in commaculo, commendo, concito, etc., comminuo, concerpo, concido, convello, etc.
    2.
    Cum (ante-class. quom; freq. in MSS. of Cicero; the post-class. form quum is incorrectly given in many MSS. and edd.), conj. [pronom. stem ka- or kva- with acc. case ending].
    I.
    Of time, when, as, while, sometimes = after, since.
    A.
    In adverbial clauses dependent on non-preterite predicates.
    1.
    The time designated by cum being indefinite, when, if, whenever, always with indic., except in the instances A. 2.
    a.
    Cum with pres. indic., often equivalent to si.
    (α).
    With principal predicate in pres.:

    nam omnes id faciunt quom se amari intellegunt,

    Plaut. Truc. prol. 17:

    facile, quom valemus, recta consilia aegrotis damus,

    Ter. And. 2, 1, 9; Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 44; id. Poen. 4, 2, 20; id. Truc. 1, 1, 46; Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 11:

    cum semen maturum habet, tum tempestiva est,

    Cato, R. R. 17; 41: quid? tum cum es iratus, permittis illi iracundiae dominationem animi tui? Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 59:

    cum permagna praemia sunt, est causa peccandi,

    id. Off. 3, 20, 79; id. de Or. 3, 23, 87:

    quidam vivere tunc incipiunt cum desinendum est,

    Sen. Ep. 23, 11.—
    (β).
    With principal predicate in fut. (rare):

    ad cujus igitur fidem confugiet cum per ejus fidem laeditur cui se commiserit?

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 40, 116; id. Leg. 3, 10, 24; id. Fl. 17, 40; Verg. A. 12, 208.—
    (γ).
    With principal predicate in logical perf. (mostly poet.):

    haud invito ad auris sermo mi accessit tuos, Quom te postputasse omnis res prae parente intellego,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 33:

    qui cum levati morbo videntur, in eum de integro inciderunt,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 30, 2:

    (dolor) Cum furit... Profuit incensos aestus avertere ( = prodest),

    Verg. G. 3, 457:

    nemo non, cum alteri prodest, sibi profuit,

    Sen. Ep. 81, 19; Cic. Att. 4, 18, 1; Liv. 8, 8, 11; Verg. A. 9, 435; id. G. 1, 288.—
    b.
    With logical perf. indic.
    (α).
    With principal predicate in pres. (very freq.), the perf. translated either by English pres. perf. or by pres.: omnia sunt incerta cum a jure discessum est, when we ( once) disregard the law, Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 1:

    gubernatores cum exultantes loligines viderunt... tempestatem significari putant,

    id. Div. 2, 70, 145:

    cum depulsi sunt agni a matribus, diligentia adhibenda est ne, etc.,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 17:

    cum ejus generis copia defecit, ad innocentium supplicia descendunt,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 16, 5:

    (hostis) cum intravit... modum a captivis non accipit,

    Sen. Ira, 1, 8, 2:

    quia enim, cum prima cognovi, jungere extrema cupio,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 10, 1; Cic. Or. 1, 33, 153; id. Div. 2, 26, 56; id. Brut. 24, 93; id. Cat. 4, 6, 12; id. Fam. 6, 3, 3; Auct. Her. 4, 50, 63; Caes. B. G. 4, 33; 5, 21; Liv. 22, 9, 8; 34, 31, 4; Val. Max. 8, 10 prooem.; 9, 6 init.; Sen. Ep. 3, 2; 21, 9; id. Cons. Helv. 13, 2; Curt. 3, 3, 18; Plin. 18, 7, 10, § 60; Quint. 4, 2, 122; 10, 7, 14.—In oblique clauses the perf. indic. may remain, or may be changed into perf. subj., even after preterites, Cic. Off. 1, 28, 26; 2, 20, 69.—
    (β).
    With principal predicate in fut. ( poet.), Ov. P. 1, 5, 47.—
    (γ).
    With two logical perff. (rare):

    cum id factum est, tamen grex dominum non mutavit,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 6:

    quae cum se disposuit... summum bonum tetigit,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 8, 5; id. Tranq. 17, 11; id. Ben. 1, 1, 5. —
    c.
    With fut.
    (α).
    With principal predicate in fut.:

    ita fere officia reperientur, cum quaeretur, quid deceat, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 34, 125; Auct. Her. 2, 7, 10; 2, 12, 17.— So with principal predicate in fut. imper:

    etiam tum cum verisimile erit aliquem commisisse... latratote,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 20, 57, id. Mur. 31, 65; id. Att. 3, 8, 4; Liv. 35, 19, 6.—
    (β).
    With principal predicate in pres.:

    in talibus... stabilitas amicitiae confirmari potest, cum homines cupiditatibus imperabunt,

    Cic. Lael. 22, 82; Val. Max. 4, 8 prooem.—
    d.
    With fut. perf.
    (α).
    With principal predicate in pres.:

    quam (spem), cum in otium venerimus, habere volumus,

    Cic. Att. 1, 7:

    nec irascimur illis cum sessorem recusaverint,

    Sen. Const. 12, 3; id. Cons. Marc. 7, 2.—
    (β).
    With principal predicate in fut. indic.:

    cum haec erunt considerata, statim nostrae legis expositione... utemur,

    Auct. Her. 2, 10, 15:

    cum viderit secari patrem suum filiumve, vir bonus non flebit?

    Sen. Ira, 1, 12, 1.—In oblique clauses, dependent on preterites, it is changed to the pluperf. subj.:

    qui tum demum beatum terrarum orbem futurum praedicavit cum aut sapientes regnare, aut reges sapere coepissent,

    Val. Max. 7, 2, ext. 4.—
    (γ).
    With principal predicate in fut. imper.:

    cum tempestates pluviae fuerint, videtote quot dies, etc.,

    Cato, R. R. 2, 3; 25 init.; 38.—
    (δ).
    With two fut. perff.:

    cum bene cesserit negotiatio, multum militia retulerit,

    Sen. Cons. Helv. 10, 6.—
    e.
    In partic.
    (α).
    In definitions with pres, indic.:

    humile genus est (causae) cum contempta res adfertur,

    Auct. Her. 1, 3, 5:

    purgatio est cum factum conceditur, culpa removetur,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 11, 15: maxima est capitis deminutio cum aliquis simul et civitatem et libertatem amittit, Gai Inst. 1, 160; Auct. Her. 1, 46; 2, 4, 6; 4, 12, 17; 4, 53, 66 et saep. —
    (β).
    Etiam cum (less freq. cum etiam), even when (nearly = etiamsi), always with indic. if dependent on other than preterite predicates. (1) With pres.: qui cavet ne decipiatur, vix cavet, quom etiam cavet, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 5:

    in quo scelere, etiam cum multae causae convenisse... videntur, tamen non temere creditur,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 22, 62:

    qui incolunt maritimas urbis, etiam cum manent corpore, animo tamen excursant,

    id. Rep. 2, 4, 7; Curt. 6, 3, 10; Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 6.—(2) With fut.:

    etiam cum potentes nocere intendent,

    Sen. Const. 4, 1. —(3) With fut. perf.:

    cum etiam plus contenderimus, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 8, 7; Sen. Ben. 4, 13, 3.—(4) In oblique clauses with imperf. subj., Cic. Fragm. Tog. Cand. 15.—
    (γ).
    Anteclass. with indic. in addressing indefinite persons in rules, after imper.:

    sorba in sapa cum vis condere, arida facias,

    Cato, R. R. 7 fin.Always with indic. if a certain person is addressed; cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 59 (l. A. 1. a. a supra); id. Verr. 2, 1, 18, § 47.—
    2.
    With subj. referring to indefinite time.
    a.
    With the 2d pers. sing., used in an indefinite sense ( you = one, any one).
    (α).
    With pres. subj.:

    acerbum'st pro benefactis quom mali messim metas,

    Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 53:

    quom faciem videas, videtur esse quantivis preti,

    Ter. And. 5, 2, 15; Plaut. Cas. 3, 2, 32; id. Bacch. 3, 3, 38; id. Merc. 3, 2, 7 and 8 et saep.:

    difficile est tacere cum doleas,

    Cic. Sull. 10, 31:

    etiam interpretatio nominis habet acumen cum ad ridiculum convertas,

    id. de Or. 2, 63, 257; 2, 64, 259; 2, 67, 269; 2, 75, 305; 3, 38, 156; Sen. Ep. 75, 4 et saep.—
    (β).
    With perf. subj.:

    difficile est cum praestare omnibus concupieris, servare aequitatem,

    Cic. Off. 1, 19, 64:

    quos (versus) cum cantu spoliaveris, nuda paene remanet oratio,

    id. Or. 55, 183; id. Lael. 21, 77; id. Inv. 1, 47, 88; Sall. C. 12, 3; 51, 24; 58, 16.—
    b.
    In the jurists, in a clause exemplifying a general rule: cum ergo ita scriptum sit Heres Titius esto, addicere debemus, Gai Inst. 2, 165; so id. ib. 4, 97; 3, 161; Auct. Her. 4, 31, 42.—
    c.
    In the phrase audio cum dicat (I. F. 1, b. infra):

    saepe soleo audire Roscium cum ita dicat se, etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 28, 129.—
    d.
    When, after cum, an imperfect or pluperfect is used as a logical tense (post-Aug.): non tulit gratis qui cum rogasset accepit, who has asked for the favor, and, etc., Sen. Ben. 2, 1, 4; 2, 3, 1; 2, 13, 2; id. Ep. 86, 8.—
    e.
    If the principal predicate is a potential subjunctive, an indefinite clause with a present or future after cum is always in the same mood:

    caveto quom ventus siet aut imber, effodias aut seras,

    Cato, R. R. 28:

    quis tam dissoluto animo est qui, haec cum videat, tacere ac neglegere possit?

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 32; id. Planc. 39, 94; id. Clu. 55, 153; id. Inv. 1, 4, 87; 1, 51, 95; Auct. Her. 4, 6, 9; 4, 32, 43.—
    3.
    Of definite time, always with indic. (for exceptions, v. 4. infra), when, if, while (for the distinction between cum and si, cf.:

    formam mihi totius rei publicae, si jam es Romae, aut cum eris, velim mittas,

    Cic. Att. 6, 3, 4:

    quae si prodierit, atque adeo cum prodierit—scio enim proditurum esse—audiet,

    id. Rosc. Am. 25, 100:

    si damnatus eris, atque adeo cum damnatus eris—nam dubitatio quae poterit esse? etc.,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 29, § 70; id. Or. 2, 75, 304; Sen. Ep. 83, 10).
    a.
    Cum with pres. indic.
    (α).
    Principal predicate in pres.:

    certe, edepol, quom illum contemplo et formam cognosco meam... nimis simili'st mei,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 288; so id. Poen. 1, 2, 71; id. Pers. 4, 4, 15; Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 45: Py. Ne fle. Ph. Non queo Quom te video, Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 14; id. Am. 1, 1, 260; id. Rud. 3, 4, 38:

    potestne tibi ulla spes salutis ostendi cum recordaris in deos immortalis quam impius... fueris?

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 18, § 47: cum hoc vereor, et cupio tibi... parcere, rursus immuto voluntatem meam ( = while), id. Rosc. Am. 34, 95; Serv. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 4:

    equidem cum... recordor, vix aetatem Alexandri suffecturam fuisse reor ad unum bellum,

    Liv. 9, 19, 12; Cic. Planc. 12, 29; id. Clu. 10, 29; Liv. 40, 46, 3:

    quod cum ita est,

    if this is so, Quint. 24, 58 (cf.:

    quodsi ita est,

    Cic. Mur. 2, 5); so,

    often, nunc cum: qui modo nusquam conparebas, nunc quom conpares, peris,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 4, 2; so id. ib. 1, 3, 35; 2, 2, 17; id. As. 1, 2, 18; Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 39:

    nos de injusto rege nihil loquimur, nunc cum de ipsa regali re publica quaerimus,

    Cic. Rep. 3, 35, 47; Liv. 44, 39, 7.—So with logical perf. for the pres., Quint. 4, 2, 122.—But Cicero always uses nunc cum with a subj. when the clause, while designating present time, generally [p. 491] in opposition to a former time, implies a reason for the principal action, now that:

    quodsi tum, cum res publica severitatem desiderabat, vici naturam, etc., nunc cum omnes me causae ad misericordiam... vocent, quanto tandem studio, etc.,

    Cic. Mur. 2, 3, 6; id. Fam. 9, 16, 7; id. Font. 15, 35 (25); id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 27; 17, 50; not found in later writers, except in the Gallic panegyrists, e. g. Eum. Grat. Act. 2 init.
    (β).
    With principal predicate in the logical perf., if (ante-class.):

    Curculio hercle verba mihi dedit quom cogito,

    Plaut. Curc. 4, 4, 27:

    sed tandem, quom recogito, qui potis est scire, haec scire me?

    id. Stich. 2, 1, 29; id. Mil. 4, 8, 64.—
    b.
    Cum with logical perf. indic.
    (α).
    Principal predicate in pres.:

    ergo quom optume fecisti, nunc adest occasio Benefacta cumulare,

    after doing excellently, Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 63: quo etiam major vir habendus est (Numa), cum illam sapientiam constituendae civitatis duobus prope saeculis ante cognovit, quam, etc. ( = siquidem, if he has; seeing that he has), Cic. de Or. 2, 37, 154; Verg. A. 9, 249.—
    (β).
    With principal predicate in fut. ( poet.):

    at cumst imposta corona, Clamabis capiti vina subisse meo (est imposta = erit imposta),

    Prop. 4 (5), 2, 30.—
    c.
    With fut.
    (α).
    With principal predicate in fut.:

    quom videbis tum scies,

    Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 37; id. Am. 3, 3, 15; id. Men. 5, 7, 7; Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 82; id. Heaut. prol. 33:

    sed cum certum sciam faciam te paulo ante certiorem,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 23; 3, 11, 3; 12, 30, 5; 14, 3, 4; id. Q. Fr. 3, 8, 2; Liv. 3, 53, 10.—
    (β).
    With principal predicate in fut. perf.:

    cum tu haec leges, ego jam annuum munus confecero,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 12, 1.—
    (γ).
    With principal predicate in imper. fut.:

    mox quom imitabor Sauream, caveto ne succenseas,

    Plaut. As. 2, 2, 105; id. Mil. 3, 3, 59.—
    (δ).
    With principal predicate in subj. (potential):

    cum testes ex Sicilia dabo, quem volet ille eligat,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 22, § 48; id. Off. 1, 34, 122; 3, 10, 46; id. Att. 4, 9, 1; 4, 10, 2; 4, 17, 1 et saep.—
    (ε).
    In oblique clauses, after preterites, changed into imperf. subj., Caes. B. C. 2, 40; after other tenses it is either changed into pres. subj. or remains unchanged, Cic. Fam. 1, 56, 2; 1, 7, 4; Sall. C. 58, 8.—
    d.
    With fut. perf.
    (α).
    With principal predicate in fut.:

    mox dabo quom ab re divina rediero,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 193; id. Am. 1, 1, 43; 1, 2, 4; Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 8:

    cum haec docuero, tum illud ostendam, etc.,

    Cic. Clu. 4, 9; id. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 3; id. de Or. 2, 33, 143; 2, 59, 239; id. Att. 3, 23, 5 et saep.—In oblique clauses, after preterites, the fut. perf. is changed into pluperf. subj., Cic. Rosc. Am. 10, 28; 28, 78; Liv. 1, 56, 11; 5, 30, 1; after other tenses, and often in oblique oration, it remains unchanged, or is changed into perf. subj., Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 71, § 183; id. Fam. 2, 5, 2 dub.; Liv. 21, 13, 8; 3, 56, 10.—
    (β).
    With principal predicate in imper. (almost always fut. imper.):

    quod quom dixero, si placuerit, Facitote,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 37:

    cum ego Granium testem produxero, refellito, si poteris,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 59, § 154; id. Marcell. 9, 27; id. Fam. 16, 4, 3; Tac. A. 1, 22.—With pres. imper., Liv. 24, 38, 7.—
    (γ).
    With principal predicate in subj. (potential):

    quae cum omnia collegeris, tum ipse velim judices satisne videatur,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 4; id. Or. 13, 41 dub.—In oblique clauses, after non-preterites, the fut. perf. remains unchanged:

    oro, ne me hodie, cum isti respondero, putetis, etc.,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 5, 10; id. Clu. 2, 6.—
    4.
    With subj. in definite time.
    a.
    Sometimes in oblique construction (3. c. e; 3. d. a).—
    b.
    Sometimes by attraction:

    curata fac sint quom a foro redeam domum,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 3, 6; 2, 3, 11; id. Stich. 1, 2, 8; id. Curc. 2, 2, 3:

    non admirere cum ego ipse me id ex te primum audisse confitear?

    Cic. Planc. 24, 58. —
    c.
    In the semi-causal connection nunc cum, v. 3, a. a fin. supra.
    B.
    In adverbial anterior clauses dependent on preterite predicates, the time of the cum clause preceding that of the principal sentence (always with subj., except in the instances mentioned 2.; 3. a; and 5.), when, after.
    1.
    With pluperf. subj. (so generally): quom socios nostros mandisset impius Cyclops, Liv. And. Fragm. ap. Prisc. 8, p. 817 (Lubbert conjectures, without sufficient reason, mandit sex): quom saucius multifariam ibi factus esset, tamen volnus capiti nullum evenit, Cato, Orig. ap. Gell. 3, 7, 19:

    portisculus signum cum dare coepisset,

    Enn. Ann. v. 234 Vahl.:

    quom testamento patris partisset bona,

    Afran. Com. Rel. v. 50 Rib.: quem quom ibi vidissent Hortensius Postumiusque, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 4, 32; Enn. Ann. v. 241 Vahl.; Turp. Com. Rel. v. 48 Rib.; Lucil. ap. Non. p. 394, 27 (the MSS. reading:

    quom venisset,

    Plaut. As. 2, 3, 15, is corrupt):

    audivi summos homines cum quaestor ex Macedonia venissem Athenas,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 45:

    haec cum Crassus dixisset, silentium est consecutum,

    id. ib. 1, 35, 160:

    cum Thebani Lacedaemonios bello superavissent... aeneum statuerunt tropaeum,

    id. Inv. 2, 23, 69:

    Dionysius cum fanum Proserpinae Locris expilavisset, navigabat Syracusas,

    id. N. D. 3, 34, 83:

    eo cum venisset, animadvertit ad alteram ripam magnas esse copias hostium,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 18:

    Tarquinius et Tullia minor... cum domos vacuas novo matrimonio fecissent, junguntur nuptiis,

    Liv. 1, 46, 9 et saep. —
    2.
    With pluperf. indic.
    a.
    Ante-class. in place of the class. subj.:

    idem me pridem quom ei advorsum veneram, Facere atriensem voluerat,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 28:

    Quid ais? Quom intellexeras, id consilium capere, quor non dixti extemplo,

    Ter. And. 3, 2, 38.—
    b.
    If the pluperfect is a virtual imperfect, designating the time at which the main action took place, the principal predicate being likewise in the pluperfect, when the clause would require an indicative if placed in the imperfect (3. a. a): exspectationem nobis non parvam adtuleras cum scripseras Varronem tibi confirmasse, etc. ( = exspectabam cum legebam; cf. C. 3, a. a, 2.), Cic. Att. 3, 18, 1; cf. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 9, 2, where the cum clause is relative; v. E.: Romae haud minus terroris... erat quam fuerat biennio ante cum castra Punica objecta Romanis moenibus fuerant (C. 3. a. a, 1.), Liv. 27, 44, 1; so id. 5, 28, 1; 26, 40, 17; 44, 10, 1.—
    c.
    If the clause indicates that the time of the main action is a period, subsequent to that of the action designated by the pluperfect:

    nam tum cum in Asia res magnas permulti amiserant, scimus Romae, solutione impedita, fidem concidisse,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:

    cum ea consecutus nondum eram... tamen ista vestra nomina numquam sum admiratus,

    id. Fam. 3, 7, 5; id. Verr. 2, 5, 69, § 178; id. Inv. 2, 42, 124; Caes. B. G. 7, 35; Liv. 24, 7, 1 sq.; Nep. Dat. 6, 5; Curt. 9, 10, 12; Verg. A. 5, 42.—
    3.
    If both predicates denote repeated action, the anterior clause with cum has the pluperf. indic. or subj.
    a.
    With pluperf. indic.
    (α).
    With principal predicate in imperf. indic. (so almost always in Cicero and Caesar; not in the poets, nor in Vell., Val. Max., Tac., Suet., or Plin.), whenever:

    cum ad aliquod oppidum venerat, eadem lectica usque ad cubiculum deferebatur,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 11, § 27; 2, 1, 46, § 120; 2, 3, 67, § 156; 2, 4, 61, § 137; 2, 5, 10, § 27; id. Fl. 7, 16; 10, 21; id. Agr. 2, 26, 68; id. Or. 32, 113; id. Brut. 24, 93:

    (Cassi vellaunus) cum equitatus noster se in agros ejecerat, essedarios ex silvis emittebat,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 19; 3, 14; 3, 15; 4, 7; 5, 35; 7, 22; id. B. C. 1, 58; Sall. J. 92, 8; 44, 4:

    cum comminus venerant, gladiis a velitibus trucidabantur,

    Liv. 38, 21, 12; Nep. Epam. 3, 6; Sen. Ep. 11, 4; Curt. 3, 10, 8; 3, 10, 11; Quint. 7, 1, 4; Gell. 15, 22, 5; 17, 18, 3; Gai Inst. 4, 15; Pacat. 9.—
    (β).
    With principal predicate in perf. indic.:

    Pacuvius qui Syriam usu suam fecit, cum vino... sibi parentaverat,

    Sen. Ep. 12, 8; 108, 14.—
    b.
    With pluperf. subj., an imperf. indic. in principal sentence:

    cum fossam latam cubiculari lecto circumdedisset, ejusque transitum... conjunxisset, eum ipse detorquebat,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 59; id. Verr. 2, 3, 41, § 94:

    cum cohortes ex acie procucurrissent, Numidae... effugiebant, etc.,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 41:

    cum in jus duci debitorem vidissent, undique convolabant,

    Liv. 2, 27, 8; 25, 3, 11; 5, 48, 2.—
    4.
    In anterior clauses with imperf. subj.
    (α).
    When the principal clause expresses an immediate consequence ( = pluperf. subj.):

    Demaratus cum audiret dominationem Cypseli confirmari, defugit patriam ( = cum audivisset),

    Cic. Rep. 2, 19, 34; Caes. B. G. 5, 17 et saep.—
    (β).
    Where both verbs relate to one transaction, especially in remarks and replies:

    (Epaminondas) cum gravi vulnere exanimari se videret, quaesivit salvusne esset clipeus, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 30, 97:

    cum ex eo quaereretur quid esset dolus magnus, respondebat, etc.,

    id. Off. 3. 14, 60; id. Or. 2, 69, 278; id. Rosc. Am. 25, 70; Liv. 3, 71, 4 et saep.—
    (γ).
    When the principal action takes place during the action of the dependent clause:

    qui cum unum jam et alterum diem desideraretur, neque in eis locis inveniretur... liberti Asuvii in eum invadunt, etc.,

    Cic. Clu. 13, 38.—
    5.
    For the perf. indic. instead of pluperf. subj. v. C. 1. d. infra.
    C.
    In adverbial clauses of coincident time dependent on preterites ( = eo tempore quo), the clause with cum designating the time at which or during which the main action took place, when, as, while.[The theory of the use of tenses and moods in these clauses is not fully settled. The older grammarians require the indicative if cum denotes pure time, but the subjunctive if denoting cause or relations similar to cause. Zumpt and others acknowledge that the rule is frequently not observed, attributing this to the predilection of the Latin language for the subjunctive. Recently Hoffmann (Zeitpartikeln der Lateinischen Sprache, 1st ed. 1860; 2d ed. 1873) and Lubbert (Syntax von Quom, 1870) have advanced the theory that cum requires the indicative if denoting absolute time, but the subjunctive if denoting relative time. They define absolute time as time co-ordinate or parallel with, or logically independent of, the time of the principal action, which performs the function of a chronological date for the principal action, and they consider it as a criterion that the clause might have constituted an independent sentence; while relative time is logically subordinate to the principal action. Hoffmann condenses his theory in the following words: cum with indicative names and describes the time at which the action of the principal sentence took place; cum with the subjunctive, on the contrary, designates the point of time at which, or the space of time during which, the action expressed in the principal sentence commenced or ended. The chief objections to this theory are: (1) Its vagueness.—(2) The facts that in many instances cum with the subjunctive clearly dates the main action (C. 3. a. b, 2, and 4.; C. 3. a. 5.; C. 3. b. b, 3. and 5.; C. 3. b. g infra); that many of the subjunctive clauses with cum may be transformed into independent sentences (C. 3. b. b, 2. and 3. infra); that many indicative clauses with cum are logically subordinate to the main action (C. 3. a. a, 2. infra), and that when both moods are used in two co-ordinated clauses with cum belonging to the same main sentence, Hoffmann must account for the difference of the moods by explanations not drawn from his theory (Cic. Agr. 2, 64, 64; id. Clu. 30, 83; id. Div. 1, 43, 97; id. Fin. 2, 19, 61; id. de Or. 67, 272; Caes. B. C. 2, 17; Liv. 6, 40, 17; 30, 44, 10).—(3) The impossibility of clearly drawing the line between logical co-ordination and subordination; and the fact that, wherever it is drawn, there will be many passages not accounted for (cf. 1. init. and many passages under C. 3. a. a, 3.; C. 3. a. d; C. 3. b. g, etc.).—(4) That the supposed use of cum with the imperfect indicative is inconsistent with the received doctrine that the imperfect always designates a time relative to another time—a difficulty not satisfactorily met by Hoffman's assumption of an aoristic imperfect.]GENERAL RULE.—The predicate after cum is in the perfect indicative (or historical present) if the action is conceived as a point of time coincident with the time of the main action. It is either in the imperfect indicative or in the imperfect subjunctive if the action is conceived as occupying a period of time within which the main action took place (e. g.:

    quid enim meus frater ab arte adjuvari potuit, cum... furem se videre respondit? Quid in omni oratione Crassus... cum pro Cn. Plancio diceret?

    Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 220;

    where dicebat might stand for diceret, but not responderet for respondit: cum ad tribum Polliam ventum est, et praeco cunctaretur, etc.,

    Liv. 29, 37, 8; cf.:

    cum tecum Ephesi collocutus sum,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 55, 1; and:

    cum te Puteolis prosequerer,

    id. ib. 3, 10, 8: cum primum lex coepta ferri est, Liv 3, 14, 4; and: cum [p. 492] ferretur lex, id. 5, 30, 4;

    also,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 1, and Liv. 3, 58, 7).
    1.
    Both predicates in the perf. indic. (or histor. pres.), both clauses denoting points of time (the principal predicate may be in any verbal form implying a perfect).
    a.
    The clause expressing a momentary action:

    posticulum hoc recepit quom aedis vendidit, Flaut. Trin. 1, 2, 157: scilicet qui dudum tecum venit cum pallam mihi Detulisti,

    id. Men. 2, 3, 46; prol. 62; id. Poen. 4, 2, 82; id. Ep. 2, 2, 33; Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 57; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 21 et saep.:

    non tum cum emisti fundum Tusculanum, in leporario apri fuerunt,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 3, 8:

    in judiciis quanta vis esset didicit cum est absolutus,

    Cic. Tog. Cand. Fragm. 4:

    per tuas statuas vero cum dixit, vehementer risimus,

    id. de Or. 2, 59, 242:

    cum occiditur Sex. Roscius, (servi) ibidem fuerunt,

    id. Rosc. Am. 41, 120; id. Verr. 2, 2, 29, § 70; 1, 4, 11; 2, 2, 66, § 160; 2, 3, 47, § 112; id. Caecin. 29, 85; id. Sest. 55, 157; id. Phil. 2, 9, 21; id. Rep. 6, 22, 24; id. Fam. 9, 15, 2; id. Att. 2, 1, 5 et saep.:

    tunc flesse decuit cum adempta sunt nobis arma,

    Liv. 3, 55, 10; 10, 6, 8; 28, 42, 14; 42, 46, 1; Vitr. 2, 8, 12; 2, 1, 7; 2, 9, 15;

    6, 7, 4: semel dumtaxat vultum mutavit, tunc cum... anulum in profundum dejecit,

    Val. Max. 6, 9, 6; 8, 8, ext. 1; 9, 1, ext. 1;

    9, 8, 1: rerum natura... cum visum est deinde, (filium tuum) repetiit,

    Sen. Cons. Polyb. 10, 4; 11, 2; id. Q. N. 1, 11, 3; 6, 25, 4:

    accepimus et serpentem latrasse cum pulsus est regno Tarquinius,

    Plin. 8, 41, 63, § 153; 2, 24, 22, § 90; 2, 52, 53, § 139; Suet. Claud. 21; Hor. S. 2, 3, 61; Ov. Tr. 5, 11, 8; Tib. 3, 5, 18; Mart. 5, 49, 9.—So, cum primum, when first, the first time that, as soon as:

    jube vinum dari: jam dudum factum'st quom primum bibi,

    Plaut. As. 5, 2, 40; id. Cas. prol. 17; Ter. Hec. alt. prol. 31; id. And. prol. 1; id. Eun. 3, 3, 4:

    Pompeius cum primum contionem habuit... ostendit, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 15, 45; id. Fam. 2, 9, 1; Liv. 3, 55, 10; 25, 6, 2; 25, 29, 4; 31, 3, 1; 40, 8, 1; 42, 34, 3; Curt. 6, 11, 23; but with imperf. subj. when referring to a per. of time:

    ipse cum primum pabuli copia esse inciperet, ad exercitum venit,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 2.—In the poets and later writers, the imperf. subj. often occurs where classic prose has the perf. indic.:

    effice ut idem status sit cum exigis qui fuit cum promitterem,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 39, 4:

    tum lacrimare debueras cum equo calcaria subderes,

    Curt. 7, 2, 6; Suet. Claud. 6; Ov. P. 4, 12, 28.—
    b.
    If the clause denotes a state, condition, or action of longer duration, it takes the perf. indic. if asserted as a complete fact without regard to what happened during its progress (virtual point of time):

    in quem Juppiter se convertit cum exportavit per mare... Europen,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 5:

    ne cum in Sicilia quidem (bellum) fuit... pars ejus belli in Italiam ulla pervasit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 6:

    nempe eo (lituo) Romulus regiones direxit tum cum urbem condidit,

    id. Div. 1, 17, 30; id. Verr. 2, 3, 54, § 125; id. Lig. 7, 20; id. Rep. 3, 32, 44:

    non tibi, cum in conspectu Roma fuit, succurrit? etc.,

    Liv. 2, 40, 7; 34, 3, 7; Nep. Iphicr. 2, 4; id. Pelop. 4, 3.—
    c.
    With perf. indic., by the time when, before, referring to facts which actually occurred before the action of the principal sentence:

    ab Anaximandro moniti Lacedaemonii sunt ut urbem... linquerent, quod terrae motus instaret, tum cum... urbs tota corruit,

    Cic. Div. 1, 50, 112; Liv. 22, 36, 4; 34, 31, 15; Prop. 2, 32 (3, 30), 53.—
    d.
    With perf. indic. when actions in immediate sequence are represented as coincident:

    ad quem cum accessimus, Appio, subridens, Recipis nos, inquit, etc.,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 2:

    me primus dolor percussit, Cotta cum est expulsus,

    Cic. Brut. 89, 303:

    itaque ne tum quidem cum classem perdidisti, Mamertinis navem imperare ausus es,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 23, § 59:

    haec cum facta sunt in concilio, magna spe et laetitia omnium discessum est,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 87:

    cum Thessalos in armis esse nuntiatum est, Ap. Claudium... senatus misit,

    Liv. 42, 5, 8:

    Gracchus cum ex Sardinia rediit, orationem ad populum habuit,

    Gell. 15, 12, 1; Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 2; id. Deiot. 6, 17; id. Top. 16, 61; id. Div. 1, 43, 98; id. Fam. 5, 21, 2; Liv. 4, 44, 10; 4, 60, 8; 9, 25, 2; 22, 14, 12; Nep. Dat. 11, 1; Suet. Caes. 31; Gell. 1, 23, 5; Prop. 3, 20, 37 (4, 21, 7).—Hence a perf. indic. in co-ordination with pluperf. subj.: cum sol nocte visus esset... et cum caelum discessisse visum est (decemviri ad libros ire jussi sunt), Cic. Div. 1, 43, 97.—
    2.
    With a perf. indic. (or histor. pres.), the principal predicate in imperf.
    a.
    The action falling within the time of the principal predicate:

    set Stalagmus quojus erat tunc nationis, quom hinc abit?

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 107; id. Rud. 3, 6, 9; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 51:

    haec Crassi oratio cum edita est, quattuor et triginta tum habebat annos, etc.,

    Cic. Brut. 43, 161:

    eo cum venio, praetor quiescebat,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 32; 2, 5, 69, § 178; id. Fl. 13, 20; id. Pis. 1, 2; id. Lig. 1, 3; id. Phil. 2, 21, 52; 3, 4, 11; id. Fam. 13, 35, 2; id. Att. 6, 1, 13:

    cum Caesari in Galliam venit, alterius factionis principes erant Aedui, alterius Sequani,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 12; Sall. J. 71, 1:

    cum haec accepta clades est, jam C. Horatius et T. Menenius consules erant,

    Liv. 2, 51, 1; 21, 39, 4; 23, 49, 5; 28, 27, 14; 34, 16, 6;

    45, 39, 1: merito me non adgnoscis, nam cum hoc factum est, integer eram,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 24, 3.—Post-class. writers generally use imperf. subj.:

    beneficium ei videberis dedisse cui tunc inimicissimus eras cum dares?

    Sen. Ben. 5, 19, 7:

    bona quoque, quae tunc habuit cum damnaretur, publicabuntur,

    Dig. 28, 18, § 1:

    pauper Fabricius (erat) Pyrrhi cum sperneret aurum,

    Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 413.—
    b.
    The action strictly anterior to the principal sentence, rare (1. d.): nam quod conabar cum interventum'st dicere, nunc expedibo, Pac. ap. Non. p. 505, 3 (Trag. Rel. v. 65 Rib.):

    cum est ad nos adlatum de temeritate eorum, etc., cetera mihi facillima videbantur... multaque mihi veniebant in mentem, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 1; Sall. C. 51, 32; Verg. A. 6, 515; id. E. 3, 14.—
    3.
    The predicate after cum conceived as a period or space of time (including repeated action) is either in the imperf. indic. or imperf. subj. [In ante-classical writers and Cicero the imperf. indic. very frequent, and largely prevailing over the subj., except that when the principal predicate denotes a point of time (with perf.), Cicero commonly uses the subj.; the imperf. indic. occurs in Cicero 241 times; in Caesar once with the force of a relativeclause (B. G. 1, 40, 5), and 3 times of repeated action; in Nep. once of repeated action (Att. 9, 6); in Sall. twice (J. 31, 20; id. H. 1, 48, 6 Dietsch); in Liv. 22 times; in Verg. 4 times; in Ovid twice; in Tib. twice; in Prop. 3 times; in Val. Max. twice; then it disappears (except once each in Tac. and Mart.), but reappears in Gaius (3 times), Gellius (twice), and the Gallic panegyrists (several times)].
    a.
    Both predicates denoting spaces of time, the principal predicate always in the imperf. indic. unless the mood is changed by other influences.
    (α).
    Cum with the imperf. indic. (1) In express or implied opposition to other periods of time, esp. with tum or tunc:

    eademne erat haec disciplina tibi quom tu adulescens eras?

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 17:

    alium esse censes nunc me atque olim quom dabam?

    Ter. And. 3, 3, 13; Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 50; id. Most. 1, 3, 64; id. Mil. 2, 2, 26; Ter. And. 1, 1, 69; Enn. ap. Cic. Brut. 19, 76 (Ann. v. 222 Vahl.):

    qui cum plures erant, paucis nobis exaequari non poterant, hi postquam pauciores sunt, etc.,

    Auct. Her. 4, 18, 25:

    qui (Pompeius) cum omnes Caesarem metuebamus ipse eum diligebat, postquam ille metuere coepit, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 8, 1, 4:

    res per eosdem creditores per quos cum tu aderas agebatur,

    id. Fam. 1, 1, 1 (cf.:

    Senatus consultum factum est de ambitu in Afranii sententiam quam ego dixeram cum tu adesses,

    id. Q. Fr. 2, 9, 3):

    Trebellium valde jam diligit: oderat tum cum ille tabulis novis adversabatur,

    id. Phil. 6, 4, 11:

    non tam id sentiebam cum fruebar, quam tunc cum carebam,

    id. Red. Quir. 1, 3:

    etenim tunc esset hoc animadvertendum cum classis Syracusis proficiebatur,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 43, § 111 (so 111 times in Cicero, including the instances where the principal predicate is in the perf.):

    cum captivis redemptio negabatur, nos vulgo homines laudabant, nunc deteriore condicione sumus, etc.,

    Liv. 25, 6, 14; 10, 7, 2; 33, 34, 3; 34, 4, 10; 44, 36, 8; 45, 38, 1; Ov. P. 2, 6, 9; id. M. 13, 473; Val. Max. 6, 3, 1; 4, 1, 10; Mart. 12, 70, 10; Gai Inst. 1, 184; Eum. Grat. Act. 6; cf.: cur eum, cum in consilium iretur, Cluentius et Canutius abesse patiebantur? Cur cum in consilium mittebant, Stajenum judicem qui pecuniam dederant, non requirebant? Cic. Clu. 30, 83 (cum iretur, of the time when the judges retired; cum mittebant, of the previous time, when the parties were asked about the closing of the case; opp. cum iretur).—Poets, even in the class. per., sometimes use the subj. in dependence upon the indic.:

    hic subito quantus cum viveret esse solebat, Exit humo,

    Ov. M. 13, 441. —(2) The principal predicate denoting a mental act or reflection occasioned by, or accompanying the action of the clause with cum (mostly ante-class. and in Cicero):

    desipiebam mentis cum illa scripta mittebam tibi,

    Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 35; id. Aul. 2, 2, 1; id. Ps. 1, 5, 86:

    sed tu cum et tuos amicos in provinciam quasi in praedam invitabas, et cum eis praedabare, et... non statuebas tibi rationem esse reddendam?

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 11, § 29:

    illas res tantas cum gerebam, non mihi mors, non exsilium ob oculos versabatur?

    id. Sest. 21, 47; id. Cat. 3, 1, 3; 3, 7, 16; id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 26; 2, 2, 13, § 33; 2, 2, 35, § 86; 2, 3, 86, § 198; 2, 5, 21, § 54; id. Fl. 1, 1; id. Deiot. 1, 3; 8, 23; id. Pis. 24, 56 and 57; id. Ac. 2, 28, 89; id. Or. 13, 41; id. Tusc. 2, 15, 43; id. Fam. 7, 9, 5 (22 times); Sall. H. 1, 48, 6 Dietsch (cf.:

    num P. Decius cum se devoveret, et equo admisso in mediam aciem Latinorum inruebat, aliquid... cogitabat?

    Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 61; cum se devoveret explains the circumstances of inruebat; hence acc. to 3. a. b, 2. in subj.; cf. Madv. ad loc., who reads devoverat).—(3) If the predicate after cum has a meaning peculiar to the imperf. indic., which by the use of the subj. would be effaced: quod erat os tuum, cum videbas eos homines, quorum ex bonis istum anulus aureus donabas? (descriptive imperf.) Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 80, § 187; so,

    fulgentis gladios hostium videbant Decii, cum in aciem eorum inruebant,

    id. Tusc. 2, 24, 59: cum de plebe consulem non accipiebat ( = accipere nolebat, conative imperf.), id. Brut. 14, 55:

    cum vim quae esset in sensibus explicabamus, etc.,

    id. Ac. 2, 12, 37 (the verbum dicendi refers to a certain stage in the discourse, for which Cicero uses the imperf. indic. in independent sentences, e. g. N. D. 3, 29, 71; 3, 6, 15; de Or. 1, 53, 230; 2, 19, 83; 2, 84, 341); so,

    equidem... risum vix tenebam, cum Attico Lysiae Catonem nostrum comparabas,

    id. Brut. 8, 293:

    cum censebam,

    id. de Or. 1, 62, 264:

    cum dicebam,

    id. Fam. 6, 1, 5:

    cum ponebas,

    id. Fin. 2, 19, 63; so esp. in Cicero's letters the phrase cum haec scribebam = while I am writing this, to preserve the meaning of an epistolary tense, referring to a state, condition, or action in progress at the time of writing the letter:

    res, cum haec scribebam, erat in extremum adducta discrimen,

    id. Fam. 12, 6, 2; 3, 12, 2; 5, 12, 2; 6, 4, 1; id. Att. 5, 20, 5 et saep.; cum haec scriberem, scripsissem, scripsi, are not epistolary tenses, but refer to events happening after the letter or part of it was finished, = when I wrote, had written, id. ib. 2, 15, 3; 10, 4, 7; 4, 10, 2; id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 6, § 19; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6, 5; 8, 13, 2;

    sometimes cum dabam = cum scribebam,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 16, 3 (but cf.:

    cum scriberem, as epistolary tense, in oblique discourse,

    id. Att. 15, 13, 7).—(4) The coincidence in time of two actions is made emphatic, = eo ipso tempore quo:

    tum cum insula Delos... nihil timebat, non modo provinciis sed etiam Appia via jam carebamus,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 18, 55; id. Phil. 1, 15, 36; 13, 8, 17; id. Sull. 10, 31; id. Tusc. 2, 8, 20; id. Off. 3, 27, 100; id. Dom. 45, 118.—
    (β).
    The predicate after cum is in the imperf. subj. (1) To impart to the clause a causal, adversative or concessive meaning besides the temporal relation:

    antea cum equester ordo judicaret, improbi magistratus in provinciis inserviebant publicanis (a logical consequence),

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 41, § 94:

    sed cum jam honores (Hortensii) et illa senior auctoritas gravius quiddam requireret, remanebat idem (dicendi genus) nec decebat idem,

    id. Brut. 95, 327; id. Phil. 1, 1, 1; id. Rosc. Am. 15, 42; 16, 45; id. Pis. 10, 2; Liv. 25, 13, 1; 26, 5, 1.—(2) To indicate circumstances under which the main action took place, and by which it is explained:

    Flaminius, cum tripudio auspicaretur, pullarius diem differebat, etc.,

    Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77: [p. 493] equidem cum peterem magistratum, solebam in prensando dimittere a me Scaevolam, id. de Or. 1, 24, 112; id. Inv. 2, 17, 52; Liv. 41, 1, 2 (cf. 3. b. b, 3.).—(3) To describe the locality of the main action: quom essem in provincia legatus, quam plures ad praetores et consules vinum honorarium dabant, Cato ap. Isid. Orig. 20, 3, 8:

    Zenonem cum Athenis essem audiebam frequenter,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 21, 59; 1, 28, 79; id. Tusc. 2, 14, 34; id. Fam. 3, 8, 5; id. Att. 2, 11, 1; 12, 5, 4; 16, 14, 1; id. Verr. 2, 4, 12, § 29; Liv. 5, 54, 3 (cf. 3. b. b, 4.).—(4) To designate the time of the main action as a condition:

    cum ageremus vitae supremum diem, scribebamus hoc,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 27, 54:

    cum jam in exitu annus esset, Q. Marcius... magistratu abiturus erat,

    Liv. 39, 23, 1 (cf. 3. b. b, 5.).—
    (γ).
    If both the clause with cum and the principal predicate denote repeated action, the predicate with cum in class. prose is in the imperf. indic. or subj. according to the rules under a and b; the principal predicate being always in the imperf. indic.; but in ante-class. writers cum has always the imperf. indic. (1) Imperf. indic.:

    tum mi aedes quoque arridebant, quom ad te veniebam, tuae,

    Plaut. As. 1, 3, 55; id. Am. 1, 1, 45; id. Rud. 4, 7, 25 sqq.; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 19; Cinc. de Re Mil. ap. Gell. 16, 4, 5; Asell. ap. Gell. 2, 13, 4; Cic. Att. 2, 7, 4; id. Verr. 2, 2, 13, § 34; Caes. B. C. 1, 79, 2; Gai Inst. 2, 101; Pacat. Pan. 9 fin.:

    cum a nostro Catone laudabar vel reprehendi me a ceteris facile patiebar,

    Cic. Or. 13, 41; so Nep. Att. 9, 6.—To distinguish from adversative relations, as Cic. Rosc. Com. 3, 9; id. Att. 12, 39, 2; id. de Or. 1, 14, 62; Caes. B. C. 3, 44, 6; Gai Inst. 2, 254.—If only the clause with cum, but not the principal predicate, denotes repeated action, the latter is in the perf., the former in imperf. indic., Caes. B. C. 2, 17; Cic. Arch. 5, 10.—(2) Imperf. subj., mostly denoting circumstances to explain the main action: cum dilectus antiquitus fieret... tribunus militaris adigebat, etc., Cinc. de Re Mil. ap. Gell. 16, 4, 2:

    Hortensius cum partiretur tecum causas, prorogandi locum semper tibi relinquebat,

    Cic. Brut. 51, 190; id. Div. 1, 45, 102; id. de Or. 1, 54, 232; id. Brut. 62, 222; Liv. 3, 66, 2; 5, 25, 12:

    ex hoc effectos panes, cum in colloquiis Pompeiani famem nostris objectarent, vulgo in eos jaciebant (causal),

    Caes. B. C. 3, 48; Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 62; so,

    according to class. usage,

    Sen. Ep. 86, 11; Curt. 5, 2, 7; 6, 5, 18; 7, 3, 13; Suet. Caes. 65;

    contrary to class. usage,

    Val. Max. 3, 6, 6; Sen. Ep. 30, 7; 77, 8; Tac. H. 2, 91; Spart. Had. 18. —
    (δ).
    In other instances (which are rare), both moods occur, either without any discrimination, or for special reasons. (1) Ante-class.:

    nam quom modo exibat foras, ad portum se aibat ire,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 2. —(2) Class.:

    ut, cum L. Opimii causam defendebat, C. Carbo nihil de Gracchi nece negabat, sed id jure factum esse dicebat,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 25, 106 (cf.:

    nuper cum ego C. Sergii Oratae... causam defenderem, nonne omnis nostra in jure versata defensio est?

    id. ib. 1, 39, 178; in each of these sentences the clause with cum sustains exactly the same relation to the principal predicate; but the former has the imperf. in the principal sentence, and in this connection Cic. prefers the indic. after cum):

    similiter arbitror... illum (oratorem) de toto illo genere non plus quaesiturum esse, quid dicat, quam Polycletum illum, cum Herculem fingebat, quem ad modum pellem aut hydram fingeret (fingebat, for euphony, in view of the foll. fingeret),

    id. de Or. 2, 16, 70; cf.:

    nec vero ille artifex cum faceret Jovis formam... contemplabatur aliquem, e quo similitudinem duceret,

    id. Or. 2, 9.—Without assignable reason:

    casu, cum legerem tuas litteras, Hirtius erat apud me,

    Cic. Att. 15, 1, 2; cf.:

    Hasdrubal tum forte cum haec gerebantur, apud Syphacem erat,

    Liv. 29, 31, 1:

    cum haec Romae agebantur, Chalcide Antiochus ipse sollicitabat civitatium animos, etc.,

    id. 36, 5, 1; cf.:

    cum haec in Hispania gererentur, comitiorum jam appetebat dies,

    id. 35, 8, 1 (Weissenb. gerebantur):

    cum haec agebantur, Chalcide erat Antiochus,

    id. 36, 15, 1; cf.:

    cum haec agerentur jam consul via Labicana ad fanum Quietis erat,

    id. 4, 41, 8; 35, 2, 1.—(3) PostAug. writers almost always use imperf. subj., disregarding the class. usage: ipsa fruebatur arte cum pingeret (cf. a, 2.), Sen. Ep. 9, 7; id. Cons. Marc. 23, 3; Plin. Pan. 34:

    tunc erat mendacio locus cum ignota essent externa... nunc vero, etc. (opposition of times),

    Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 24; so id. Ep. 97, 9; Mart. 2, 61, 1; cf. Don. ad Ter. And. 3, 3, 13 (3. a. a, 1. supra):

    cum haec proderem habebant et Caesares juvenes sturnum, etc.,

    Plin. 10, 41, 59, § 120.—
    b.
    If the principal predicate denotes a point of time, and the predicate with cum a period of time, the former is in the perf. indic. unless changed by construction; the latter
    (α).
    In the imperf. indic., according to the rules a. a, except 2. (1) When the time of the cum clause is opposed to other periods of time:

    res quom animam agebat tum esse offusam oportuit,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 85; id. Truc. 4, 2, 20; id. Ep. 3, 3, 50 (3, 4, 21); id. Most. 5, 1, 68:

    quod cum res agebatur nemo in me dixit, id tot annis post tu es inventus qui diceres?

    Cic. Phil. 2, 9, 22; id. Rep. 2, 23, 43; id. Div. 1, 41, 92; 1, 45, 101; id. Ac. 2, 28, 90; id. Quint. 19, 60; 17, 54; 19, 61; id. Verr. 2, 3, 90, § 210 et saep.; Liv. 22, 60, 25; Verg. A. 4, 597; Tib. 1, 10, 8; 1, 10, 19; Prop. 2, 1, 31; 5 (4), 10, 24.—The subj. may be used if the principal action is represented as a consequence or result:

    o, Astaphium, haut isto modo solita's me ante appellare, Sed blande, quom illuc quod aput vos nunc est, aput me haberem,

    Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 60 (Lubbert conjectures habebam); Cic. Off. 2, 1, 2 and 3; id. Fin. 4, 27, 54; id. Rosc. Am. 4, 11; id. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 130; id. Mur. 3, 8; Liv. 5, 53, 9; 10, 6, 9; 43, 21, 1;

    44, 39, 7.— Hence the mood may change in co-ordinate clauses: tum, cum haberet haec res publica Luscinos, Calatinos, etc., homines... patientia paupertatis ornatos, et tum, cum erant Catones, Phili, etc., tamen hujusce modi res commissa nemini est (haberet, concessive),

    Cic. Agr. 2, 24, 64.—(2) To make emphatic the coincidence of time, = eo ipso tempore (a. a, 4.):

    cum is triumphus de Liguribus agebatur, Ligures... coloniam ipsam ceperunt,

    Liv. 41, 14, 1; Cic. Sest. 26, 56; id. Phil. 2, 36, 90; id. Div. 2, 1, 3; id. Verr. 2, 5, 37, § 97; id. Att. 1, 4, 1.—(3) To preserve the peculiar force of the imperf. indic. (a. a, 3.): cum iste jam decedebat, ejus modi litteras ad eos misit, etc. (conative imperf.), Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 172:

    cum Africanus censor tribu movebat centurionem... inquit,

    id. de Or. 2, 67, 272 (cf.:

    cum (censor) M. Antistio equum ademisset,

    id. ib. 2, 71, 287).—
    (β).
    With the imperf. subj. (1) Always when cum means while (time during which): quomque caput caderet, carmen tuba sola peregit et, etc., Enn. ap. Lact. ad Stat. Th. 11, 56 (Ann. v. 508 Vahl.):

    magistratus quom ibi adesset, occepta'st agi,

    Ter. Eun. prol. 22 (Lubbert conjectures adsedit); Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 106 Vahl.):

    Alexandrum uxor sua, cum simul cubaret, occidit,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 144:

    armati, cum sui utrosque adhortarentur... in medium inter duas acies procedunt,

    Liv. 1, 25, 1; Varr. R. R. 2, 81; Auct. Her. 4, 52, 65; Cic. Brut. 3, 10; id. Clu. 62, 175; Caes. B. G. 2, 19; id. B. C. 3, 57; Liv. 1, 30, 8; 10, 30, 3 et saep.—(2) To connect a logical (causal, etc.) relation with the temporal meaning (a. b, 1.):

    cum ille Romuli senatus... temptaret ut ipse gereret sine rege rem publicam, populus id non tulit,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 12, 23:

    an pater familiarissimis suis succensuit cum Sullam et defenderent et laudarent? (causal),

    id. Sull. 17, 49:

    tum cum bello sociorum tota Italia arderet, homo non acerrimus... C. Norbanus in summo otio fuit (concessive),

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 4, § 8:

    quibus rebus cum unus in civitate maxime floreret, incidit in eandem invidiam, etc. (adversative),

    Nep. Cim. 3, 1:

    sed cum jam appropinquantium forma lemborum haud dubia esset... tunc injecta trepidatio est,

    Liv. 44, 28, 10; Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 90, § 211; id. Clu. 31, 84; id. Mur. 3, 8; id. Phil. 3, 2, 3; id. Tusc. 1, 2, 4; Auct. Her. 4, 24, 33; Caes. B. C. 2, 7; Liv. 25, 9, 10; 21, 41, 12.—(3) To explain the main fact by circumstances:

    quem quidem hercle ego, in exilium quom iret, redduxi domum,

    Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 19:

    consule me, cum esset designatus tribunus, obtulit in discrimen vitam suam,

    Cic. Sest. 28, 61:

    haec epistula est, quam nos, in aedibus Apronii cum litteras conquireremus, invenimus,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 66, § 154: Socrates, cum XXX. tyranni essent, pedem porta non extulit, id. Att. 8, 2, 4:

    Brundusii cum loquerer cum Phania, veni in eum sermonem ut dicerem, etc.,

    id. Fam. 3, 5, 3:

    itaque, cum populum in curias triginta divideret, nomina earum (Sabinarum) curiis imposuit,

    Liv. 1, 13, 6:

    Ap. Claudius, ovans cum in urbem iniret, decem milia pondo argenti, etc., in aerarium tulit,

    id. 41, 28, 6; Cic. Clu. 20, 55; id. Phil. 12, 8, 20; id. Scaur. 47; id. Inv. 2, 31, 96; id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53; id. Div. 1, 52, 119; id. Off. 2, 8, 27; id. Or. 2, 55, 225 sq.; id. Fam. 1, 9, 13; 6, 6, 5; Liv. 1, 39, 4; 3, 63, 6; 4, 53, 11 et saep.—(4) To describe the place of the main action (a. a, 3.):

    cum essem in castris ad fluvium Pyramum, redditae mihi sunt uno tempore a te epistulae duae,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 1;

    so with cum essem (essemus, etc.),

    id. ib. 2, 19, 1; 3, 4, 1; 13, 56, 1; id. Att. 1, 10, 1; 14, 19, 1; id. Ac. 1, 1, 1; id. Rep. 1, 39, 61; Varr. R. R. 3, 13; Caes. B. G. 4, 11 et saep.:

    Eumenes rex ab Roma cum in regnum rediret... mactatus est ( = on the journey),

    Liv. 42, 40, 8:

    Agesilaus cum ex Aegypto reverteretur... in morbum implicitus decessit,

    Nep. Ages. 8, 6.—The perf. indic. (cum fui, etc.) refers to temporary visits to a place:

    Gallo narravi, cum proxime Romae fui, quid audissem,

    Cic. Att. 13, 49, 2:

    proxime cum in patria mea fui, venit ad me, etc.,

    Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 3.—(5) To designate the time by natural occurrences (a. a, 4.):

    ipsi comprehensi a me, cum jam dilucesceret, deducuntur,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 3, 6:

    cum advesperasceret, cum lucesceret,

    id. Fam. 15, 4, 8:

    cum lux appropinquaret,

    id. Tull. 9, 21:

    cum dies instaret,

    id. Inv. 2, 31, 96:

    cum comitiorum tempus adpeteret,

    Liv. 28, 10, 1:

    cum dies comitiorum adpropinquaret,

    id. 3, 34, 7; 10, 13, 2.—But when a date is given as a point of time, the perf. indic. is used:

    cum ea dies venit,

    Liv. 4, 44, 10; 6, 20, 4.—(6) When the action of the cum clause is interrupted or ended by the main action:

    cum hanc jam epistulam complicarem, tabellarii a vobis venerunt, etc.,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 5, § 17:

    L. Octavius, cum multas jam causas diceret, adulescens est mortuus,

    id. Brut. 68, 241:

    cum plures jam tribus dicto esse audientem pontifici duumvirum juberent... ultimum de caelo quod comitia turbaret intervenit,

    Liv. 40, 42, 10:

    cum maxime conquereretur apud patres... repente strepitus ante curiam... auditur,

    id. 8, 33, 4:

    haec cum maxime dissereret, intervenit Tarquinius,

    id. 1, 50, 7;

    so with cum maxime,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 5, a, 2; Liv. 23, 24, 6; 30, 33, 12.—(7) If the clause with cum has the force of a participial adjunct of the principal predicate (cum diceret = dicens, or dicendo):

    Caesarem saepe accusavit, cum adfirmaret illum numquam, dum haec natio viveret, sine cura futurum ( = adfirmans, or adfirmando),

    Cic. Sest. 63, 132:

    Antigonus in proelio, cum adversus Seleucum dimicaret, occisus est ( = dimicans),

    Nep. Reg. 3, 2:

    impulit ut cuperem habere, cum diceret,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 8; Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 9 (11), 3; id. Clu. 42, 119; 56, 153; id. pro Corn. Maj. Fragm. 16; id. Mil. 5, 12; id. de Or. 1, 57, 243; id. Or. 37, 129; id. Fin. 1, 5, 16; id. Inv. 2, 34, 105; Val. Max. 1, 2, ext. 1; Ov. P. 1, 9, 42.—(8) In the historians, in a summary reference to events already related:

    cum haec in Achaia atque apud Dyrrhachium gererentur... Caesar mittit, etc.,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 57:

    cum civitas in opere ac labore adsiduo reficiendae urbis teneretur, interim Q. Fabio... dicta dies est,

    Liv. 6, 1, 6:

    cum hic status in Boeotia esset, Perseus... misit,

    id. 42, 56, 10; 33, 36, 1; 34, 22, 3; 38, 8, 1; 42, 64, 1; 45, 11, 1.—
    (γ).
    In all other cases the imperf. subj. is regularly used in class. prose, even if the action of the clause with cum is logically independent of the principal sentence:

    illum saepe audivi, hic, cum ego judicare jam aliquid possem, abfuit,

    Cic. Brut. 71, 248: senatus consultum est factum de ambitu in Afranii sententiam, in quam ego dixeram, cum tu adesses. id. Q. Fr. 2, 7 (9), 3; so always (class.) with cum maxime, precisely when, just when:

    cum maxime haec in senatu agerentur, Canuleius... (ad populum) ita disseruit,

    Liv. 4, 3, 1:

    cum maxime Capua circumvallaretur, Syracusarum oppugnatio ad finem venit,

    id. 25, 23, 1.—In a very few instances the imperf. indic. occurs without apparent reason: an vero cum honos agebatur familiae vestrae... succensuit [p. 494] pater tuus cum Sullam defenderent (probably to distinguish the two cum clauses), Cic. Sull. 17, 49 (cf.:

    cum jus amicitiae, societatis, adfinitatis ageretur, cum, etc., eo tempore tu non modo non... retulisti, sed ne ipse quidem, etc.,

    id. Quint. 16, 53):

    ille versus, qui in te erat collatus cum aedilitatem petebas,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 8:

    cum ex oppido exportabatur (Dianae statua) quem conventum mulierum factum esse arbitramini?... Quid hoc tota Sicilia est clarius quam omnes convenisse cum Diana exportaretur ex oppido? etc.,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 35, § 77.—Poets and post-class. writers frequently disregard the class. usage, the former by using either mood instead of the other, the latter by the un-Ciceronian use of the subj.; v. Prop. 2, 9, 15; 5 (4), 4, 10; Tib. 1, 10, 16; Verg. A. 7, 148; 12, 735; Mart. 13, 122; Curt. 8, 12, 16; 9, 2, 24; Quint. 11, 1, 89; Plin. 36, 6, 5, § 46; Dig. 28, 1, 22, § 1; Gell. strangely uses an imperf. indic. where class. writers would use a subj.:

    sed ego, homines cum considerabam, alterum fidei, alterum probri plenum, nequaquam adduci potui ad absolvendum,

    Gell. 14, 2, 10; cf.:

    cum secum reputavit,

    Tac. A. 15, 54.
    D.
    In adverbial clauses denoting identity of action (if the principal sentence and the clause with cum denote not different actions, but one action, which, expressed by the latter clause, is by the principal sentence defined in its meaning and import, the clause with cum always takes the indic., except once or twice post-class., and almost always the same tense as the principal sentence), when, by, in, etc.
    1.
    The predicate in present:

    amice facis Quom me laudas,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 31; id. Poen. 3, 2, 12; 3, 5, 15; Ter. And. prol. 18; id. Ad. 1, 2, 16 et saep.:

    bene facitis cum venitis,

    Auct. Her. 4, 50, 63:

    quae cum taces, nulla esse concedis,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 19, 54; 21, 58; id. Clu. 47, 132; Liv. 25, 6, 5 et saep.—
    2.
    With fut. (rare):

    cum igitur proferent aliquid hujusmodi... inventum proferent,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 40, 75; id. Fl. 39, 99; Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 9.—
    3.
    With fut. perf. (rare):

    quod cum dederis, illud dederis ut is absolvatur,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 7, 23; id. Lig. 12, 36; id. Part. Or. 39; Auct. Her. 4, 30, 41.—
    4.
    With perf.:

    fecisti furtum quom istaec flagitia me celavisti et patrem,

    Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 60; 1, 2, 52; id. Cas. 4, 4, 18 (22); id. Capt. 2, 3, 52; Ter. Phorm. prol. 32 et saep.:

    loco ille motus est cum ex urbe est depulsus,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 1, 1; id. Verr. 2, 5, 23, § 59; id. Fam. 11, 29, 2; id. Rosc. Am. 14, 39; Liv. 5, 49, 8; 9, 8, 4; Val. Max. 3, 7, ext. 1; Curt. 6, 10, 9; Quint. 1, 10, 47 et saep.—
    5.
    With histor. pres.:

    Orestes cum se defendit, in matrem confert crimen,

    Auct. Her. 1, 15, 25.—
    6.
    With imperf.:

    cum grandiorem aetatem ad consulatum constituebant, adulescentiae temeritatem verebantur,

    Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 47; 14, 10, 28; id. Fl. 33, 83; id. Lig. 6, 18; id. Fam. 6, 1, 3; id. Off. 3, 10, 40; id. Sen. 6, 15 et saep.—
    7.
    Imperf. with perf. ( poet. and post-class.;

    very rare): quid quod et ominibus certis prohibebar amori Indulgere meo, tum cum mihi ferre jubenti Excidit et fecit spes nostras cera caducas,

    Ov. M. 9, 595 sq.; Val. Max. 9, 1, 5.—
    8.
    With pluperf. (very rare):

    exspectationem nobis non parvam attuleras cum scripseras, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 3, 18, 1; id. Sest. 16, 37.—
    * 9.
    Pluperf. and imperf.:

    quod quidem tibi ostenderam cum a me Capuam reiciebam,

    Cic. Att. 8, 11, D, 5.—
    10.
    Imperf. subj. (post-class.):

    tunc venena edebat bibebatque, cum immensis epulis non delectaretur tantum, sed gloriaretur,

    Sen. Cons. Helv. 10, 10.—
    11.
    Often relatively added to nouns when a relative clause must be supplied:

    illa scelera... cum ejus domum evertisti, cujus, etc.,

    which you committed when (by), Cic. Pis. 34, 83; id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; id. Verr. 2, 5, 13, § 33; Liv. 5, 3, 4; 23, 9, 11; 29, 17, 9.
    E.
    In relative clauses, = quo tempore, quo, etc.
    1.
    Dependent on nouns designating time, the mood follows the general rules of relative clauses.
    a.
    The principal sentence is a formal statement of indefinite time, with the copula (tempus fuit cum, or fuit cum, analogous to sunt qui, etc.); generally with subj., but sometimes indic., when sunt qui would take this mood.
    (α).
    With pres. or fut. indic.: nunc est profecto (i. e. tempus), interfici quom perpeti me possum (the ante-class. writers construe sunt qui with indic.), Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 3; id. And. 1, 1, 125:

    jam aderit tempus quom sese etiam ipse oderit,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 12; Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 28.—
    (β).
    With pres. subj.: nunc est ille dies quom gloria maxima sese nobis ostendat, si vivimus, sive morimur, Enn. ap. Prisc. 10, p. 880 P. (Ann. v. 383 Vahl.); so Plaut. Capt. 3, 3, 1:

    erit illud profecto tempus et illucescet aliquando dies cum... amicissimi benevolentiam desideres,

    Cic. Mil. 25, 69; Val. Max. 6, 2, 9.—
    (γ).
    With preterites, indic., Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 29:

    fuit quoddam tempus cum in agris homines bestiarum more vagabantur,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 2, 2 (cf.:

    fuerunt alia genera qui... dicebant,

    id. de Or. 3, 17, 62):

    fuit cum hoc dici poterat (potuisset would be hypothetical),

    Liv. 7, 32, 13.—
    (δ).
    With preterites, subj., Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 1:

    quod fuit tempus cum rura colerent homines,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 1:

    ac fuit cum mihi quoque initium requiescendi concessum arbitrarer,

    Cic. Or. 1, 1, 1; so id. Brut. 2, 7; Caes. B. G. 6, 24.—
    b.
    Attributively with nouns denoting time (tempus, dies, etc.), in ordinary sentences.
    (α).
    With pres. or fut. indic.:

    incidunt saepe tempora cum ea commutantur,

    Cic. Off. 1, 10, 31:

    longum illud tempus cum non ero, etc.,

    id. Att. 12, 8, 1; id. Verr. 2, 5, 69, § 177; id. Quint. 2, 8; id. Sen. 23, 84.—With potential subj., Cic. Att. 3, 3.—
    (β).
    With past tenses, indic., Plaut. Am. prol. 91; id. rud. 2, 6, 12; Ter. And. 5, 3, 12:

    atque ille eo tempore paruit cum parere senatui necesse erat,

    Cic. Lig. 7, 20:

    memini noctis illius cum... pollicebar,

    id. Planc. 42, 101; id. Phil. 2, 18, 45; 2, 35, 88; id. Imp. Pomp. 15, 44; id. Sest. 7, 15; 29, 62; id. Sull. 18, 52; id. Fam. 11, 8, 1; 11, 27, 3; id. de Or. 1, 11, 45; Sall. J. 31, 20; Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 6; Prop. 1, 10, 5; 1, 22, 5; Gell. 1, 23, 2 et saep.—So with nouns implying time:

    illa pugna quom, etc. ( = in qua),

    Plaut. Poen. 2, 26;

    Marcellino Consule, cum ego... putabam ( = anno Marcellini, quo, etc.),

    Cic. Att. 9, 9, 4:

    patrum nostrorum memoria cum exercitus videbatur ( = tempore quo),

    Caes. B. G. 1, 40; Cic. Fam. 13, 1, 2; Liv. 6, 40, 17.—
    (γ).
    With preterites in subj., Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 30:

    accepit enim agrum iis temporibus cum jacerent pretia praediorum,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33; so id. Off. 2, 19, 65:

    numerandus est ille annus cum obmutuisset senatus?

    id. Pis. 12, 26; so id. Verr. 2, 4, 35, § 77; id. Rep. 2, 37, 62; id. Font. 3, 6; Liv. 3, 65, 8:

    haec scripsi postridie ejus diei cum castra haberem Mopsuhestiae (cf. habebam, as epistolary tense),

    Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 10.—If the clause does not define the noun, but is a co-ordinate designation of time, it follows the rule of adverbial clauses:

    eodem anno, cum omnia infida Romanis essent, Capuae quoque conjurationes factae,

    while, Liv. 9, 26, 5; Cic. Rep. 2, 36, 61; id. de Or. 2, 3, 12; Liv. 8, 15, 1; 1, 41, 6.—
    c.
    Appositively added to temporal adverbs and to dates (heri, hodie, medius, tertius, olim, antea, quondam, nuper, olim, postea) following the rules of adverbial clauses:

    Crassus hodie, cum vos non adessetis, posuit idem, etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 10, 41:

    omnia quae a te nudius tertius dicta sunt, cum docere velles, etc.,

    id. N. D. 3, 7, 18; id. Sest. 48, 103; id. Att. 4, 3, 2; id. Inv. 2, 1, 1; id. Rep. 1, 39, 61; Caes. B. C. 2, 17 et saep.—So with dates (always subj.. except with cum haec scribebam, or dabam):

    posteaquam Pompeius apud populum ad VIII. Id. Febr., cum pro Milone diceret, clamore convicioque jactatus est,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 5, b, 1; 3, 3, 1; 3, 4, 1; 4, 2, 1; id. Att. 14, 19, 1.—
    2.
    The principal sentence defines a period of time during which the action of the clause has or had lasted, always with indic., and after the words defining the period, = per quod tempus, when, that, during which, while, etc.
    a.
    With pres., = Engl. pres. perf.
    (α).
    With cardinal, definite or indefinite. (1) Time in acc. (ante-class.):

    hanc domum Jam multos annos est quom possideo,

    that I have been the owner, Plaut. Aul. prol. 4; cf. id. Merc. 3, 1, 37.—(2) Time in nom.:

    anni sunt octo cum ista causa in ista meditatione versatur,

    Cic. Clu. 30, 82; id. Or. 51, 171; id. Fam. 15, 14, 1; id. Div. 2, 36, 76.—
    (β).
    With ordinals:

    vigesimus annus est, cum omnes scelerati me unum petunt,

    Cic. Phil. 12, 10, 24; Verg. A. 5, 627; 3, 646.—
    (γ).
    With diu:

    jam diu'st quom ventri victum non datis,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 146; Gell. 1, 25, 12.—
    b.
    Perf. with negation, the principal predicate in pres. or logical perf., = Engl. pres. perf.:

    quia septem menses sunt quom in hasce aedes pedem Nemo intro tetulit,

    Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 39; id. Men. 3, 1, 3; Prop. 3, 8, 33 (2, 16, 33. —
    c.
    With pluperf., the principal predicate in imperf.:

    permulti jam anni erant cum inter patricios magistratus tribunosque nulla certamina fuerant,

    Liv. 9, 33, 3.—
    d.
    With imperf., the principal predicate in perf. or pluperf.:

    dies triginta aut plus in ea navi fui, Quom interea semper mortem exspectabam miser,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 4, 7:

    unus et alter dies intercesserat, cum res parum certa videbatur,

    Cic. Clu. 26, 72.—
    3.
    The principal sentence specifying a period of time which has or had elapsed since the action took place, = ex ejus tempore, since or after, always with indic.; the principal predicate pres. or logical perf., cum with perf. indic.
    a.
    With cardinals.
    (α).
    Time in acc. (ante-class.):

    annos factum'st sedecim Quom conspicatus est primo crepusculo Puellam exponi,

    Plaut. Cas. prol. 39; so probably id. Pers. 1, 3, 57; id. Trin. 2, 4, 1; id. Merc. 3, 1, 37.—
    (β).
    With nom.:

    nondum centum et decem anni sunt cum de pecuniis repetundis lata lex est,

    Cic. Off. 2, 21, 75; id. Fam. 15, 16, 3; id. Att. 9, 11, A, 2.—
    b.
    With diu or dudum:

    nam illi quidem haut sane diu'st quom dentes exciderunt,

    Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 42; id. As. 2, 1, 3; id. Trin. 4, 3, 3.—
    c.
    Peculiarly, cum referring to an action which was to be done after a period of time, before, at the end of which:

    omnino biduum supererat cum exercitui frumentum metiri oporteret,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 23. —
    4.
    In inverted clauses, the principal sentence determining the time of the clause, cum ( = quo tempore) having the force of a relative; cum with the indic. always following the principal sentence; never in oblique discourse; very freq. in class. and post-class. writings (ante-class. only Plaut. Men. 5, 8, 3; Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 40; id. Eun. 4, 2, 5); principal sentence often with jam, vix, vixdum, nondum, tantum quod, and commodum; cum often with subito, repente, sometimes interim, tamen, etiamtum.
    a.
    Principal sentence defining time by temporal expressions.
    (α).
    Principal sentence with pluperf. (1) Cum with perf. or histor. pres.:

    dies nondum decem intercesserant cum ille alter filius necatur,

    Cic. Clu. 9, 28; id. Verr. 1, 2, 36; id. Or. 2, 21, 89; Ov. M. 9, 715; Plin. Pan. 91, 1.—(2) Cum with histor. inf., Sall. J. 98, 2.—
    (β).
    Principal sentence with imperf. (1) Cum with perf. or histor. pres.:

    nondum lucebat cum Ameriae scitum est,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 34, 97; Liv. 21, 59, 5; 41, 26, 2; 22, 1, 1; 9, 33, 3; 9, 37, 5; Verg. G. 2, 340; Curt. 4, 3, 16; 5, 12, 6 al.—(2) Cum with imperf., Curt. 6, 7, 1.—
    (γ).
    Principal sentence with perf., cum with perf.:

    dies haud multi intercesserunt cum ex Leontinis praesidium... venerunt,

    Liv. 24, 29, 1; 40, 48, 4.—
    b.
    Principal sentence not containing expressions of time; most freq. with pluperf. or imperf. in principal sentence, and perf. or histor. pres. in clause with cum, but (far more rarely) many other combinations occur.
    (α).
    Principal sentence with imperf., cum with perf.:

    non dubitabat Minucius quin, etc., cum repente jubetur dicere,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 2, 29, § 72:

    jamque hoc facere noctu adparabant cum matres familiae repente... procucurrerunt,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 26, 3; Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 14, § 36; Liv. 1, 36, 1 (57 times); Verg. A. 1, 36 (26 times); Vell. 2, 28, 2; Sen. Ira, 1, 18, 3; Tac. A. 3, 1 (31 times); Curt. 3, 10, 1 (19 times); Plin. Ep. 6, 24, 2.—
    (β).
    Principal sentence with pluperf., cum with perf. or histor. pres.:

    jam Sora capta erat cum consules prima luce advenere,

    Liv. 9, 24, 13 (32 times); Cic. Clu. 9, 28 (14 times); Sall. J. 60, 6; Verg. A. 1, 586 (13 times); Tac. A. 1, 19 (13 times); Curt. 3, 10, 1 (18 times). —And cum with potential subj.:

    vix erat hoc plane imperatum cum illum spoliatum... videres,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86.—
    (γ).
    Principal sentence with perf., Cic. Sest. 37, 39 (5 times); Liv. 2, 46, 3 (8 times).—
    (δ).
    Principal sentence with histor. inf., Liv. 5, 46, 1; Tac. A. 1, 11; 11, 16; Curt. 5, 9, 1; 9, 5, 1.—
    (ε).
    Principal sentence with histor. pres., Liv. 4, 32, 1 (3 times); Ov. M. 4, 695 (5 times).—
    (ζ).
    Cum with imperf., Cic. Verr. 1, 6, 17 (3 times); Sall. J. 51, 2; Liv. 44, 10, 6; Tac. A. 1, 51; 11, 26.—
    (η).
    Cum with [p. 495] histor. inf., Liv. 2, 27, 1; Tac. A. 2, 31 (6 times); Curt. 4, 4, 9.—
    (θ).
    Cum with pluperf., Liv. 2, 46, 3 (3 times); Ov. M. 14, 581; Verg. A. 2, 256 sq.—
    (κ).
    With logical perf., or logical perf. and pres. (rare):

    quam multi enim jam oratores commemorati sunt... cum tamen spisse ad Antonium Crassumque pervenimus,

    Cic. Brut. 36, 138:

    jamque fuga timidum caput abdidit alte (coluber), Cum medii nexus extremaeque agmina caudae Solvuntur,

    Verg. G. 3, 422.—
    5.
    In clauses added loosely or parenthetically to a preceding clause or to a substantive in it (the mood governed by the rules for relative clauses).
    a.
    When, on an occasion, on which, etc.
    (α).
    With perf. indic.:

    Hortensium maxime probavi pro Messala dicentem, cum tu abfuisti,

    Cic. Brut. 96, 328; id. Phil. 11, 8, 18; id. Dom. 9, 22; 53, 136; id. Fam. 13, 75, 1; Spart. Had. 3; Flor. 1, 18, 9 (1, 13, 19).—
    (β).
    With imperf. indic.:

    num infitiari potes te illo ipso die meis praesidiis circumclusum commovere te non potuisse, cum tu nostra... caede contentum esse dicebas?

    Cic. Cat. 1, 3, 7; id. Sest. 63, 131; id. Cael. 24, 59.—
    (γ).
    Cum with pres. indic., a past tense in principal sentence (mostly poet.):

    nox erat et placidum carpebant fessa soporem Corpora... cum medio volvuntur sidera lapsu, Cum tacet omnis ager, etc.,

    Verg. A. 4, 522; 8, 407; 12, 114; id. E. 8, 15; Hor. S. 1, 10, 31; Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 22.—
    (δ).
    Imperf. subj.: qui... accensi nulla deinde vi sustineri potuere, cum compulsi in castra Romani rursus obsiderentur, in consequence of which ( = ita ut), Liv. 3, 5, 8.—
    (ε).
    So freq. cum quidem, always with indic.:

    sed uterque noster cedere cogebatur, cum quidem ille pollicitus est, se quod velletis esse facturum,

    Cic. Phil. 9, 4, 9; id. Fl. 22, 53; id. Pis. 9, 21; 34, 83 and 84; id. Leg. 2, 6, 14; id. Sen. 4, 11; Suet. Caes. 50; Spart. Had. 9; id. Ael. Ver. 4.—
    b.
    Cum tamen, at which time however, and yet, while nevertheless, representing the principal sentence as concessive, analogous to qui tamen (v. tamen).
    (α).
    With indic., like qui tamen, always, except for particular reasons:

    fit gemitus omnium et clamor, cum tamen a praesenti supplicio tuo continuit populus Romanus se, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 5, 29, § 74; id. Pis. 12, 27; Liv. 6, 42, 11; Verg. A. 9, 513; Tac. H. 1, 62; so,

    cum nihilo magis,

    Nep. Dat. 10, 3; passing over into inverted cum clauses (4. b.), as Sall. J. 98, 2; Liv. 27, 20, 11.—
    (β).
    With subj., Cic. Phil. 2, 18, 45; id. Fam. 1, 9, 10; Liv. 4, 31, 6 (where the clause with cum is adverbial).—
    6.
    Cum interea (interim).
    a.
    Adverbial (rare).
    (α).
    Temporal with subj.; with subj. imperf., while, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 62; with pluperf. subj., after, id. ib. 1, 2, 9, § 25; id. Fam. 15, 43.—
    (β).
    Adversative, with subj., whereas during this time. (1) Pres.:

    simulat se eorum praesidio conflteri, cum interea aliud quiddam jam diu machinetur,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 6, 15; Val. Max. 2, 9, 1; Sen. Q. N. 1, prol. 14.—(2) With perf. subj.:

    cum tu interim vero numquam significaris sententiam tuam,

    Cic. Pis. 4, 9; id. Rosc. Am. 5, 11 dub.; Val. Max. 7, 8, 6.—(3) With imperf. subj., Cic. Sull. 5, 6; Plin. Pan. 76, 1.—
    b.
    Relative, always with indic., in class. writings always referring to a period during which, belonging,
    (α).
    To the attributive clauses (v. 2. supra). (1) In pres.:

    anni sunt octo... cum interea Cluentianae pecuniae vestigium nullum invenitis,

    Cic. Clu. 30, 82; Liv. 5, 54, 5; Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 33.— (2) In imperf., Ter. Hec. 3, 4, 8 (2. c.).—
    (β).
    To the inverted clauses (4.):

    tanta erat in his locis multitudo cum interim Rufio noster... hominem percussit,

    Cic. Att. 5, 2, 2.—So probably: cum interim Gallus quidam processit, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 13, 7; Cic. Fam. 3, 6, 5; id. Pis. 38, 92 sq.; id. Tusc. 4, 3, 6; Sall. J. 12, 5; 49, 4; Liv. 3, 37, 5; Val. Max. 8, 1, 3; 9, 7, 2; Sen. Ira, 2, 33, 4; Tac. H. 1, 60; with indefinite pres. indic. in both terms, Sen. Cons. Marc. 11, 5.—
    (γ).
    To the additional clauses (5.). (1) With perf. indic., Plaut. Men. 3, 1, 3; Flor. 4, 2, 69; 4, 12, 33; with inf. in oblique discourse, Liv. 4, 51, 4; 6, 27, 6.—(2) Post-Aug., and in Nep., = cum tamen (5. b.), while nevertheless, whereas, with pres. or perf. indic.:

    post Leuctricam pugnam Lacedaemonii se numquam refecerunt... cum interim Agesilaus non destitit patriam juvare,

    Nep. Ages. 7, 1: cum interim Oedipodis ossa... colis, Val. Max. 5, 3, ext. 3; 3, 4, 5; 4, 4, 1; Quint. 10, 1, 18; 10, 1, 11; 12, 10, 67; Tac. H. 4, 42; Suet. Claud. 6; Flor. 4, 12, 33.
    F.
    In clauses completing the idea of the governing verb.
    1.
    After verbs of perception (videre, perspicere, audire, etc.; audivi cum diceres, etc. = audivi te dicentem).
    a.
    Dependent on verbs of seeing and feeling.
    (α).
    With indic.:

    nam ipsi vident eorum quom auferimus bona ( = nos auferre or auferentes),

    Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 16; id. Poen. 3, 4, 13; id. Am. 5, 1, 19; id. Bacch. 3, 3, 65; id. Mil. 2, 6, 26:

    conspectum est cum obiit,

    Liv. 5, 25, 3.—
    (β).
    With subj.:

    is... numquam est conspectus cum veniret,

    Cic. Sest. 59, 126:

    vidi... Cum tu terga dares,

    Ov. M. 13, 224.—
    b.
    After verbs of hearing, always with subj.:

    L. Flaccum ego audivi cum diceret Caeciliam exisse, etc.,

    Cic. Div. 1, 46, 104; id. Par. 6, 1, 45; id. de Or. 2, 6, 22; 2, 28, 129; 2, 33, 144; 2, 37, 155; 2, 90, 365; id. Brut. 27, 85; id. Fin. 5, 19, 54; id. Fam. 3, 7, 4; Sen. Ben. 5, 24, 1.—
    c.
    After memini, with indic. (sc. tempus):

    memini quom... haud audebat,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 53:

    memini cum mihi desipere videbare,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 28, 1.—With subj.:

    memini cum velles residere ferventissimo sole,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 24, 1.—
    2.
    After verba adfectuum, with the force of quod, always with indic. (mostly ante-class.).
    a.
    Verbs of thanking:

    habeo gratiam tibi Quom copiam istam mi et potestatem facis,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 14; id. Curc. 5, 3, 21; id. As. 3, 2, 2; id. Most. 2, 2, 2; id. Poen. 1, 2, 46; 5, 4, 84 (99); Ter. And. 4, 4, 32; id. Ad. 1, 2, 59:

    tibi maximas gratias ago, cum tantum litterae meae potuerunt, ut eis lectis, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 24, 2.—
    b.
    Of congratulation:

    quom tu's aucta liberis... gratulor,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 33; 2, 6, 35: L. Caesar, O mi Cicero, inquit, gratulor tibi cum tantum vales apud Dolabellam, etc., L. Caesar ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 14, 3; and ib. Att. 14, 17, A, 3.—
    c.
    Of rejoicing and grieving:

    quom istaec res tibi ex sententia Pulcre evenit, gaudeo,

    Plaut. Rud. 5, 3, 10; id. Poen. 5, 5, 48:

    cum vero in C. Matii familiaritatem venisti, non dici potest quam valde gaudeam,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 15, 2; Sall. J. 102, 5.—
    d.
    Dependent on optative sentences:

    di tibi bene faciant semper quom advocatus bene mi ades,

    Plaut. Mil. 5, 26; id. Poen. 3, 3, 54; 3, 3, 74; Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 19.
    G.
    Elliptical usages (without predicate).
    1.
    Cum maxime.
    a.
    With ut: hanc Bacchidem Amabat, ut quom maxime, tum Pamphilus ( = ut amabat tum quom maxume amabat, as much as he ever did), Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 40:

    etiamne ea neglegamus, quae fiunt cum maxime, quae videmus?

    Cic. Har. Resp. 15, 32.—Hence,
    b.
    By abbreviation: nunc cum maxime or cum maxime alone, now especially, just now: tum cum maxime, just then:

    nunc cum maxume operis aliquid facere credo,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 2; id. Phorm. 1, 4, 26; id. Heaut. 4, 5, 40:

    quae multos jam annos et nunc cum maxime filium interfectum cupit,

    Cic. Clu. 5, 12:

    castra amissa, et tum cum maxime ardere,

    Liv. 40, 32, 1; Curt. 3, 2, 17; Sen. Ira, 1, 16, 3; id. Ben. 3, 3, 3; id. Ep. 55, 1; 55, 11; 81, 7; Tac. Or. 16; 37; Eum. pro Schol. 4; Mamert. 2.—With maxime in adverbial clauses, just while, especially when, Cic. Att. 2, 15, 3; id. Off. 1, 13, 41; id. Fam. 1, 5, a, 2; Liv. 1, 50, 7; 2, 59, 7; 3, 25, 4; 3, 31, 3; 4, 3, 1; 8, 33, 4 et saep.—
    2.
    Similarly with other superlatives (post-class.):

    foliis ternis, aut, cum plurimum, quaternis,

    at the utmost, Plin. 25, 10, 74, § 121; 18, 7, 10, § 60:

    cum tardissime,

    id. 18, 7, 10, § 51:

    cum longissime,

    Suet. Tib. 38.
    H.
    For co-ordinate clauses with cum... tum, v. tum, I. A. 3.
    II.
    Causal, since, because, as.
    A.
    Anteclass., chiefly with indic.
    1.
    With pres. indic.:

    hoc hic quidem homines tam brevem vitam colunt, Quom hasce herbas hujus modi in suom alvom congerunt,

    because, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 34; id. Truc. 1, 2, 50; 2, 4, 8:

    edepol, merito esse iratum arbitror, Quom apud te tam parva'st ei fides,

    since, id. Ps. 1, 5, 62; id. Most. 1, 1, 28; id. Truc. 2, 1, 32; Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 30; id. Hec. 4, 1, 53.—
    2.
    With perf. indic.:

    praesertim quom is me dignum quoi concrederet Habuit, me habere honorem ejus ingenio decet,

    Plaut. As. 1, 1, 66; Ter. And. 3, 2, 8.—
    3.
    With subj.
    a.
    By construction of principal sentence: adeon, me fuisse fungum ut qui illi crederem, Quom mi ipsum nomen ejus Clamaret, etc., Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 51; id. Capt. 1, 2, 37; Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 6; id. Eun. 3, 5, 18; 5, 2, 24.—
    b.
    Independent of such construction:

    jam istoc probior es meo quidem animo quom in amore temperes,

    Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 8 (bracketed by Goetz;

    Brix conjectures temperas): nil miror si lubenter tu hic eras, Quom ego servos quando aspicio hunc lacrumem quia dijungimur,

    id. Mil. 4, 8, 18 Lorenz (Brix: quin ego... lacrumo; cf.

    Lubbert, Grammat. Stud. II. pp. 133, 137): Nam puerum injussu eredo non tollent meo, Praesertim in ea re quom sit mi adjutrix socrus,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 82; so id. Ad. 2, 1, 12.
    B.
    Class. and post-class., always with subj.
    1.
    With pres. subj.:

    cum ista sis auctoritate, non debes arripere maledictum ex trivio,

    Cic. Mur. 6, 13:

    cum vita sine amicis insidiarum et metus plena sit, ratio ipsa monet amicitias comparare,

    id. Fin. 1, 20, 66:

    quae cum ita sint, videamus, etc.,

    id. Clu. 44, 123:

    quod cum ita sit, etc.,

    id. Fam. 3, 1, 1; id. Mur. 1, 2; id. Arch. 5, 10; id. Off. 3, 3, 13; id. Rosc. Am. 8, 22; Liv. 7, 9, 5; 21, 21, 5 et saep.—
    2.
    With perf. subj.:

    cum inimicitiae fuerint numquam, opinio injuriae beneficiis sit exstincta... rei publicae providebo,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 20, 47; id. de Or. 1, 49, 214; the perf. subj. is often retained after a principal predicate in a past tense, id. Clu. 60, 167; id. Fam. 3, 8, 4.—
    3.
    With imperf. subj.
    a.
    Denoting both cause and coincidence of time:

    vacuum fundum, cum ego adessem, possidere non potuisti,

    Auct. Her. 4, 29, 40; Cic. Or. 8, 25:

    cum tanta multitudo lapides et tela conicerent, in muro consistendi potestas erat nulli,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 6; id. B. C. 3, 1; Liv. 39, 31, 3; 4, 8, 3; 25, 11, 1.—
    b.
    Denoting cause without time:

    cum esset egens, sumptuosus, audax... ad omnem fraudem versare suam mentem coepit,

    Cic. Clu. 26, 70:

    quod oppidum cum esset altissimo et munitissimo loco, ad existimationem imperii arbitratus sum, comprimere eorum audaciam,

    id. Fam. 15, 4, 10; Caes. B. C. 3, 37.—
    4.
    With pluperf. subj.:

    Caesar cum constituisset hiemare in continenti, neque multum aestatis superesset, obsides imperat, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 22.
    C.
    With adverbs of emphasis.
    1.
    Praesertim cum, or cum praesertim, = especially since, the more so because:

    quae cum ita sint, quid est quod de ejus civitate dubitetis, praesertim cum aliis quoque civitatibus fuerit adscriptus?

    Cic. Arch. 5, 10:

    cur enim tibi hoc non gratificor nescio, praesertim cum his temporibus audacia pro sapientia liceat uti,

    id. Fam. 1, 10, 1:

    cum praesertim vos alium miseritis,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12; id. Rosc. Am. 8, 22; id. Prov. Cons. 7, 16 (cum praesertim rarely refers to time, with indic., Sen. Ep. 85, 6).—
    2.
    Quippe cum represents the conclusion as selfevident, since of course, since obviously:

    nihil est virtute amabilius, quippe cum propter virtutem etiam eos, quos numquam videmus, quodammodo diligamus,

    Cic. Lael. 8, 28:

    numquam ego pecunias istorum, etc., in bonis rebus duxi, quippe cum viderem, etc.,

    id. Par. 1, 1, 6; id. Leg. 1, 1, 5; 1, 20, 54; id. Fin. 3, 12, 41; 5, 28, 84; Liv. 4, 27, 8; 4, 57, 10.—Sometimes with indic. if cum refers to time, when of course, if, of course: tu vero etiam si reprehenderes... laetarer: quippe cum in reprehensione est prudentia cum eumeneiai, Cic. Att. 16, 11, 2.—In later writers with indic., because when:

    omnia experiri necessitas cogebat: quippe cum primas spes fortuna destituit, futura praesentibus videntur esse potiora,

    Curt. 4, 1, 29.—
    3.
    Utpote cum, seeing that, explanatory, with subj.:

    me incommoda valetudo qua jam emerseram, utpote cum sine febri laborassem, tenebat Brundusii,

    Cic. Att. 5, 8, 1; Cels. 1 prooem.; Sen. Cons. Marc. 21, 2.
    III.
    Adversative, while, whereas, denoting a logical contrast with the principal sentence.
    A.
    Ante-class., chiefly,
    1.
    With indic.:

    hei mihi, insanire me aiunt, ultro quom ipsi insaniunt,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 80; id. Stich. 1, 37; id. Bacch. 5, 2, 5; Ter. Phorm. prol. 23; 2, 2, 26.—
    2.
    Subj.
    a.
    By construction of principal predicate:

    tibi obtemperem quom tu mihi nequeas?

    Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 16 (4, 1, 50).—
    b.
    Independent of construction: edepol, Cupido, quom tam pausillus sis, nimis multum vales, Naev. ap. Non. p. 421, 25 (Lubbert conjectures quom [p. 496] tu's tam pausillus):

    eo vos madefacitis, quom ego sim hic siccus?

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 52.
    B.
    Class. and post-class., always with subj.
    1.
    With pres. subj.:

    cum de bonis et de caede agatur, testimonium dicturus est is qui et sector est et sicarius,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 36, 103; id. Clu. 24, 65; id. Leg. 1, 7, 22:

    et cum tibi, viro, liceat purpura in veste stragula uti, matrem familias tuam purpureum amiculum habere non sines?

    Liv. 34, 7, 3; Sen. Prov. 4, 10; id. Clem. 1, 18, 2; id. Ben. 2, 16, 1.—
    2.
    With perf. subj.: an tu, cum omnem auctoritatem universi ordinis pro pignore putaris, eamque... concideris, me his existimas pignoribus terreri? Crass. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 1, 4:

    indignatur exul aliquid sibi deesse, cum defuerit Scipioni dos?

    Sen. Cons. Helv. 12, 7; id. Ira, 3, 12, 7; freq. pres. and perf. subj. retained, if dependent on preterites, Cic. Brut. 71, 250; id. Agr. 3, 2, 5.—
    3.
    With imperf. subj.:

    ita, cum maximis eum rebus liberares, perparvam amicitiae culpam relinquebas,

    Cic. Deiot. 3, 10:

    hunc Egnatium censores, cum patrem eicerent, retinuerunt,

    id. Clu. 48, 135:

    eorum erat V. milium numerus, cum ipsi non amplius octingentos equites haberent,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 11; Liv. 1, 55, 3; Cic. de Or. 1, 1, 1; 1, 53, 227; 2, 50, 203; id. Clu. 5, 12; id. Ac. 1, 10, 38 sq.; Liv. 39, 49, 1; Val. Max. 1, 6, 11; 3, 2, 10 fin.
    4.
    With pluperf. subj.:

    Socratis ingenium immortalitati scriptis suis Plato tradidit, cum ipse litteram Socrates nullam reliquisset,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 16, 60; id. Ac. 2, 1, 2; id. Prov. Cons. 11, 27; Val. Max. 1, 8, 11.
    IV.
    Concessive, although, denoting a reason for the contrary of the principal sentence.
    A.
    Ante-class., mostly with indic.
    1.
    Indic.:

    qui it lavatum In balineas, quom ibi sedulo sua vestimenta servat, Tam subripiuntur,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 52; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 12; Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 26; id. Truc. 1, 2, 89 (95); id. Stich. 1, 2, 67.—
    2.
    With subj.: nihilominus ipsi lucet, quom illi accenderit, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 16, 51 (Trag. Rel. v. 389 Rib.).
    B.
    Class. and post-class., always with subj.
    1.
    Pres. subj.:

    testis est Graecia, quae cum eloquentiae studio sit incensa, jamdiuque excellat in ea... tamen omnis artis vetustiores habet,

    Cic. Brut. 7, 26:

    nam (Druentia) cum aquae vim vehat ingentem, non tamen navium patiens est,

    Liv. 21, 31, 11.—
    2.
    Imperf. subj.:

    ego autem, cum consilium tuum probarem, et idem ipse sentirem, nihil proficiebam,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 1, 1:

    non poterant tamen, cum cuperent, Apronium imitari,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 34, § 78; id. de Or. 1, 28, 126; id. Brut. 7, 28; 91, 314; id. Inv. 2, 31, 97; id. Clu. 40, 110; Caes. B. G. 5, 40; Liv. 5, 38, 5; Nep. Att. 13, 1; so,

    quae cum ita essent... tamen,

    although this was so, Cic. Clu. 34, 94; id. Fam. 2, 16, 2.—
    3.
    With pluperf. subj.:

    cui cum Cato et Caninius intercessissent, tamen est perscripta,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 2, 4:

    patrem meum, cum proscriptus non esset, jugulastis,

    id. Rosc. Am. 11, 32.
    V.
    In hypothetical clauses, always with imperf. or pluperf. subj., = si, but defining an assumed or fictitious time.
    1.
    With imperf. subj.:

    quis ex populo, cum Scaevolam dicentem audiret in ea causa, quicquam politius aut elegantius exspectaret?

    Cic. Brut. 55, 194:

    etiam tum quiesceretis cum rem publicam a facinorosissimis sicariis esse oppressam videretis?

    id. Sest. 38, 81; id. Rosc. Am. 31, 86; id. Verr. 2, 1, 10, §§ 28 and 29.—
    2.
    With pluperf. subj.:

    quod esset judicium cum de Verris turpissimo comitatu tres recuperatorum nomine adsedissent?

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 12, § 30:

    mors cum exstinxisset invidiam, res ejus gestae sempiterni nominis glorianiterentur,

    id. Balb. 6, 16.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Cum

См. также в других словарях:

  • one — (wŭn) adj. 1. Being a single entity, unit, object, or living being: »I ate one peach. 2. Characterized by unity; undivided: »They spoke with one voice. 3. a) Of the same kind or quality: »two animals of one species …   Word Histories

  • One-Shot Entanglement-Enhanced Classical Communication — In the theory of quantum communication, it is well known that entanglement cannot increase the capacity of a classical communication channel in the sense of Shannon, that is, for an i.i.d. (independent and identically distributed) protocol.… …   Wikipedia

  • One-time pad — Excerpt from a one time pad In cryptography, the one time pad (OTP) is a type of encryption, which has been proven to be impossible to crack if used correctly. Each bit or character from the plaintext is encrypted by a modular addition with a bit …   Wikipedia

  • one — 1 /wVn/ number 1 the number one: one hundred and twenty one pounds ( 121) | The answer is on page forty one. | Can I have one coffee and two milkshakes please? 2 one or two a small number of people or things: There are one or two things to sort… …   Longman dictionary of contemporary English

  • particular — /pəˈtɪkjələ / (say puh tikyuhluh) adjective 1. relating to some one person, thing, group, class, occasion, etc., rather than to others or all; special, not general: one s particular interests. 2. being a definite one, individual, or single, or… …  

  • one — [[t]wʌ̱n[/t]] ♦ ones 1) NUM One is the number 1. They had three sons and one daughter. ...one thousand years ago... Scotland beat England one nil at Wembley. ...one of the children killed in the crash. 2) ADJ: det ADJ (emphasis) If you say that… …   English dictionary

  • particular — par|tic|u|lar1 [ pər tıkjələr ] adjective *** 1. ) only before noun used for emphasizing that you are talking about one specific person or thing and not anyone or anything else: SPECIFIC: Are there any particular topics that you would like me to… …   Usage of the words and phrases in modern English

  • particular — I UK [pə(r)ˈtɪkjʊlə(r)] / US [pərˈtɪkjələr] adjective *** 1) [only before noun] used for emphasizing that you are talking about one specific person or thing and not anyone or anything else Are there any particular topics that you would like me to …   English dictionary

  • one — /wun/, adj. 1. being or amounting to a single unit or individual or entire thing, item, or object rather than two or more; a single: one woman; one nation; one piece of cake. 2. being a person, thing, or individual instance or member of a number …   Universalium

  • one — [[t]wʌn[/t]] adj. 1) being or amounting to a single unit or individual or entire thing: one child; one piece of cake[/ex] 2) being an individual instance or member of a number, kind, or group indicated: one member of the party[/ex] 3) existing,… …   From formal English to slang

  • One-hit wonder — OHW redirects here. For the facility known as Ontario Hospital, Whitby , see Whitby Psychiatric Hospital. For other uses, see One Hit Wonder (disambiguation). A one hit wonder is a person or act known mainly for only a single success. The term is …   Wikipedia

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»