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foedus

  • 1 foedus

        foedus eris, n    [1 FID-], a league, treaty, compact, alliance: foedus facere: pacto iam foedere provinciarum: navem imperare ex foedere: Ambiorigem sibi foedere adiungunt, Cs.: societatem foedere confirmare: foedera, quibus inter se paciscerentur amicitias civitates, L.: Romanum, with the Romans, L.: rupta foedera, L.: turbare, V.: contra foedus facere: aequum, L.: iniquum, L.— A compact, covenant, agreement, stipulation, bargain: foedus fecerunt cum tribuno, ut, etc.: amorum turpissimorum foedera ferire: amicitiae, O.: foedere pacto Exercentur, by a fixed agreement, V.: thalami, i. e. marriage contract, O.: coniugiale, O.: non aequo foedere amare, i. e. without return, V.— A law (poet.): aeterna foedera certis Inposuit natura locis, V.: foedere certo Et premere et laxas dare habenas, V.: potentis Naturae, O.: Parcarum, O.
    * * *
    I
    foeda -um, foedior -or -us, foedissimus -a -um ADJ
    filthy, foul, disgusting, loathsome, beastly; disgraceful, vile, low, obscene
    II
    treaty, agreement, contract; league; alliance

    Latin-English dictionary > foedus

  • 2 foedus

        foedus adj. with comp. and sup.    [FAV-], foul, filthy, loathsome, repulsive, ugly, unseemly, detestable, abominable, horrible: foedissimum monstrum: volucris, O.: caput Impexā porrigine, H.: volnus, O.: tergum vestigiis verberum, L.: pestilentia homini, destructive, L.: foediora iis, quae subiciebantur oculis, nuntiare, L.: res visu: foedum relatu, O.—Fig., disgraceful, base, dishonorable, vile, shameful, infamous, foul: facinus, T.: ille foedior in Pompeio accusando, etc.: homo, S.: carmen, H.: fuga, S.: mors: genus interitūs: ministeria, V.: inceptu, L.
    * * *
    I
    foeda -um, foedior -or -us, foedissimus -a -um ADJ
    filthy, foul, disgusting, loathsome, beastly; disgraceful, vile, low, obscene
    II
    treaty, agreement, contract; league; alliance

    Latin-English dictionary > foedus

  • 3 foedus

    1.
    foedus, a, um, adj. [Sanscr. dhūmas, smoke; cf.: fumus, fīmus, feteo], foul, filthy, loathsome, ugly, unseemly, detestable, abominable, horrible (class.; cf.: deformis, turpis).
    I.
    Physically:

    cimices foedissimum animal,

    Plin. 29, 4, 17, § 61:

    herba odoris foedi,

    id. 20, 16, 63, § 171:

    odor,

    Cels. 2, 8; 5, 28, 3:

    facies,

    id. 6, 6, 9:

    sapor,

    Lucr. 2, 401:

    species,

    id. 2, 421:

    nunc eo tibi videtur foedus, quia illam (vestem) non habet,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 17; cf. Quint. 6, 3, 32:

    immanissimum et foedissimum monstrum,

    Cic. Pis. 14, 31:

    foeda fit volucris (sc. bubo),

    Ov. M. 5, 549:

    caput impexa foedum porrigine,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 126:

    foeda nigro simulacra fumo,

    id. C. 3, 6, 4:

    foeda cicatrix,

    id. S. 1, 5, 60:

    vulnus,

    Ov. M. 12, 366:

    tergum recentibus vestigiis vulnerum,

    Liv. 2, 23, 7; cf. id. 9, 31, 2:

    victus,

    Hor. A. P. 392:

    loca tetra, inculta, foeda, formidolosa,

    Sall. C. 52, 13:

    tempestates,

    Liv. 25, 7, 7; Verg. G. 1, 323:

    foedissima tempestas,

    Liv. 29, 18, 5:

    incendium,

    id. 24, 47, 15.—With dat.:

    pestilentia foeda homini, foeda pecori,

    destructive, Liv. 3, 32, 2.—In the neutr. absol.:

    foedum relatu,

    Ov. M. 9, 167; cf.

    foediora,

    Liv. 3, 69, 2.—
    II.
    Mentally, disgraceful, base, dishonorable, vile, shameful, infamous, foul, etc.:

    quo (tyranno) neque tetrius, neque foedius, nec diis hominibusque invisius animal ullum cogitari potest,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 26:

    nihil fieri potest miserius, nihil perditius, nihil foedius,

    id. Att. 8, 11, 4:

    luxuria senectuti foedissima,

    id. Off. 1, 34, 123:

    homo,

    Sall. C. 19, 2:

    scriptores carmine foedo Splendida facta linunt,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 236; cf.:

    foedissima ludibria,

    Quint. 1, 6, 32:

    bellum foedissimum,

    Cic. Att. 7, 26, 3:

    genus interitus,

    id. ib. 15, 20, 2:

    foedus et perniciosus exitus judicii,

    id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 1:

    consilium,

    Liv. 26, 38, 4:

    facinus,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 1:

    amor,

    Lucr. 4, 1158:

    ministeria,

    Verg. A. 7, 619:

    condiciones,

    Hor. C. 3, 5, 15:

    fuga ducum,

    Val. Fl. 6, 723:

    exprobratio,

    Plin. 18, 26, 66, § 249:

    inconsequentia rerum foedissima,

    Quint. 8, 6, 50.—In the neutr. with a subject-clause: ludos vero non facere, quid foedius? (shortly before: quid turpius?) Cic. Att. 15, 10:

    versum in oratione fieri multo foedissimum est,

    Quint. 9, 4, 72.— Hence, adv.: foede, foully, cruelly, basely, horribly: foede divexarier, Pac. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 106 (Trag. Rel. p. 84 Rib.):

    aram turparunt sanguine foede,

    Lucr. 1, 85:

    foede aliquem distrahere,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 14:

    laniare crura brachiaque,

    Tac. H. 1, 41:

    caesa manus juvenum,

    Verg. A. 10, 498:

    ob admissum foede dictumve superbe,

    Lucr. 5, 1224:

    servire,

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 48: perire Sall. J. 31, 2:

    pugnatum est,

    Liv. 6, 1, 11:

    foedius inde pulsus quam, etc.,

    id. 2, 51, 8:

    causa agetur foedissime,

    Cic. Att. 9, 7, 4.
    2.
    foedus, ĕris (for foedus, Ennius wrote fidus, acc. to Varr. L. L. 5, § 86 Müll. Archaic form of the gen. plur. foedesum, acc. to Varr. L. L. 7, § 27; v. the letter R), n. [from the root FID; Sanscr. bandh, ligare; v. fido], a league, treaty, compact (cf.: sponsio, pactio).
    I.
    Polit.:

    FOEDERVM, PACIS, BELLI, INDVCIARVM ORATORES FETIALES IVDICESVE SVNTO,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 21; cf. id. Rep. 1, 32:

    esse autem tria genera foederum, quibus inter se paciscerentur amicitias civitates regesque,

    Liv. 34, 57, 7:

    pacem foedusque facere,

    Cic. de Sen. 6, 16; cf.:

    oratrices pacis et foederis,

    id. Rep. 2, 8:

    Ambiorigem sibi societate et foedere adjungunt,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 2, 2:

    ne societates, ne foedera nova acciperemus,

    Sall. J. 14, 18:

    societatem foedere confirmare,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 35, 89:

    quibus (foederibus) etiam cum hoste devincitur fides,

    id. Off. 3, 31, 111:

    amicitiam et foedus petere, Sall J. 104, 4: foedus facere cum aliquibus,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 30, 91; so,

    foedus facere,

    id. Rep. 3, 18; Caes. B. C. 3, 108, 3; Sall. J. 38, 9 al.: ferire, icere, pangere, percutere, v. h. vv.: de foedere decedere, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 1, 10:

    foedera negligere, violare, rumpere,

    Cic. Balb. 5, 13; cf.:

    sociorum nominisque Latini jura negligere ac foedera,

    id. Rep. 3, 29:

    rumpere,

    Auct. Her. 4, 14, 20; Liv. 9, 1; 21, 10:

    violare,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 19; Liv. 28, 44, 7:

    rescindere,

    Vell. 2, 90, 3:

    solvere,

    Verg. A. 10, 91:

    turbare,

    id. ib. 12, 633:

    contra foedus facere,

    Cic. Balb. 4, 10; Gell. 10, 1, 10:

    foedus aequum dare,

    Liv. 23, 5, 9 (for which:

    ex aequo venire in amicitiam,

    id. 7, 30, 2); cf.:

    foedere iniquo alligari,

    id. 35, 46, 10:

    ex foedere,

    according to agreement, id. 1, 23, 7; 8, 39, 13. —
    II.
    Transf., beyond the polit. sphere, in gen., a compact, covenant, agreement, stipulation, bargain:

    foedus fecerunt cum tribuno plebis palam, ut ab eo provincias acciperent, quas ipsi vellent, etc.,

    Cic. Sest. 10, 24; cf.:

    foedus frangere,

    id. Pis. 12, 28:

    inter se facere,

    id. Fin. 2, 26, 83:

    amorum turpissimorum foedera ferire,

    id. Cael. 14, 34:

    amicitiae,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 6, 1:

    hospitii,

    Just. 7, 3:

    thalami,

    i. e. marriage contract, marriage, Ov. M. 7, 403; so,

    vitae,

    Stat. Th. 2, 112:

    communia studii,

    Ov. P. 4, 13, 43.—
    B.
    Poet., of inanim. and abstr. things, a law:

    continuo has leges aeternaque foedera certis Inposuit natura locis,

    Verg. G. 1, 60:

    omnes Foedere naturae certo discrimina servant,

    Lucr. 5, 924; 5, 57; 6, 906:

    foedere certo et premere et laxas dare habenas,

    Verg. A. 1, 62:

    neve potentis naturae pollue foedus,

    Ov. M. 10, 353: caeli foedera, Col. Poët. 10, 219.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > foedus

  • 4 foedus

    foederis
    compact, covenant, agreement / law

    Latin-English dictionary of medieval > foedus

  • 5 （īcō）

       （īcō） īcī, īctus, ere (in class. prose only perf. system)    [1 IC-], to strike, hit, smite, stab, sting: in proelio telo ictus: lapide ictus, Cs.: in turbā ictus cecidit, L.: icta securibus ilex, V.: vix icto aëre, hardly stirred, O.: e caelo ictus, by lightning.— Fig., of the feelings, only P. perf., struck, smitten: Desideriis icta fidelibus, tormented, H.: novā re consules icti, disturbed, L.: pestifero sidere icti pavebant, panic-stricken, L.: domestico volnere, family affliction, Ta.: icto Accessit fervor capiti, i. e. tipsy, H.—With foedus, to make a covenant, enter into a league: foedus, quod meo sanguine iceras: consul nobiscum foedus icit, L.: ictum iam foedus, V.

    Latin-English dictionary > （īcō）

  • 6 amicitia

    ămīcĭtĭa, ae, f. ( gen. sing. amicitiāï, Lucr. 3, 83; acc. amicitiem, id. 5, 1019 Lachm.; cf. Charis. p. 94 P., and Neue, Formenl. I. p. 372) [amicus], friendship (very freq. in Cic., occurring more than 200 times).
    I.
    Lit.:

    Est autem amicitia nihil aliud nisi omnium divinarum humanarumque rerum cum benevolentiā et caritate summa consensio,

    Cic. Am. 6: eo ego ingenio natus sum: amicitiam atque inimicitiam in frontem promptam gero, Enn. ap. Non. 129, 26:

    jam diu ego huic bene et hic mihi volumus, et amicitia est antiqua,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 4:

    Per te deos oro et nostram amicitiam,

    Ter. And. 3, 3, 6:

    sperata voluptas Suavis amicitiae,

    Lucr. 1, 142:

    vincula amicitiaï,

    id. 3, 83. The expressions usually connected with it are:

    amicitiam incipere,

    Ter. And. 3, 3, 7:

    amicitia nascitur,

    Cic. Am. 9, 29:

    amicitia exardescit,

    id. ib. 27, 100:

    est mihi amicitia cum aliquo,

    id. Clu. 42:

    amicitia est inter aliquos,

    id. Planc. 33:

    esse in amicitiā cum aliquo,

    Nep. Hann. 2, 4:

    in amicitiam recipere,

    Cic. Att. 2, 20:

    amicitiam colere,

    id. Fam. 15, 14:

    contrahere,

    id. Am. 14:

    gerere,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, and Nep. Dat. 10, 3:

    tueri,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 20:

    jungere,

    Lucr. 5, 1019; Cic. Deiot. 9; Vulg. Exod. 34, 12:

    expetere,

    Cic. Am. 13:

    comparare,

    id. Rosc. Am. 38:

    parere,

    Nep. Alcib. 7, 5:

    conferre se ad amicitiam alicujus,

    Cic. Brut. 81:

    dedere se amicitiae alicujus,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 22:

    accedere ad amicitiam alicujus,

    Nep. Eum. 1, 4:

    in amicitias incidere,

    Cic. Am. 12, 42:

    amicitiā alicujus uti,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 43:

    pervenire in intimam amicitiam alicujus,

    Nep. Alcib. 5, 3:

    manere in amicitiā,

    Cic. Verr 2, 5, 32:

    amicitiam violare,

    Liv. 34, 31:

    deserere jura amicitiae,

    Cic. Am. 10:

    funditus evertere,

    id. Fin. 2, 25:

    dissociare,

    id. Am. 20:

    dimittere, dissuere, discindere,

    id. ib. 21:

    dirumpere,

    id. ib. 22 fin.:

    dissolvere,

    Vulg. Eccli. 22, 5:

    deficere ab amicitiā alicujus,

    Nep. Con. 2, 2:

    repudiare amicitiam alicujus,

    Cic. Planc. 19:

    renunciare amicitiam alicui,

    Liv. 42, 25.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    In the histt., a league of friendship, an alliance between different nations, = foedus:

    Ubii, qui amicitiam fecerant,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 16:

    amicitiam populi Romani colere,

    Sall. J. 8, 2:

    in amicitiam Populi Romani venire,

    Liv. 22, 37:

    reges bello victos in amicitiam recipere,

    Sall. J. 14, 5:

    foedus et amicitia,

    id. ib. 104, 5:

    amicitia et foedus,

    id. ib. 104, 4:

    amicitia ac societas,

    Liv. 7, 31:

    amicitiae foedus,

    id. 42, 12:

    amicitiam petere,

    id. 38, 18:

    quae urbes in amicitiā permanserant,

    id. 43, 21; 10, 45:

    amicitias cum aliquo facere,

    Vulg. 2 Reg. 31, 2:

    cum aliquo inire,

    ib. 2 Par. 20, 35 al. —
    B.
    In botany, of plants, sympathy:

    rutae cum flco,

    Plin. 19, 8, 45, § 156:

    inter has vitium amicitiā accipitur ulmus,

    id. 16, 17, 29, § 72.—
    C.
    In post-Aug. Lat., abstr. pro concr. = amici:

    hospitem nisi ex amicitiā domini quam rarissime recipiat,

    Col. 11, 1, 23 (cf. before:

    hospitem nisi amicum familiaremque domini necessarium receperit): quin et parte ejusdem epistulae increpuit amicitias muliebres,

    Tac. A. 5, 2:

    omnes amicitias et familiaritates intra breve tempus adflixit,

    Suet. Tib. 51.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > amicitia

  • 7 icio

    ī̆cĭo and ī̆co), īci, ictum (forms in use, only pres. icit, iciunt, icere; perf. icit, icisse; pluperf. iceram, iceras; fut. perf. icero; pass. pres. icitur, icimur; perf. ictus est; and part. ictus, a, um; pres. ĭco, Prisc. 886 P.;

    but īcit,

    Lucr. 3, 160; Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 50; pres. icio, Gell. 4, 17, 8; Prisc. 877 P.), 3, v. a. [Gr. ip-, iptomai, to injure; ips, a worm; ikria, scaffolding; cf. Ikaros, en-ipê], to strike, hit, smite, stab, sting (cf.: ferio, percutio, verbero, pulso).
    I.
    Lit. (rare but class.).
    A.
    In gen.:

    exim corpus propellit et icit,

    Lucr. 3, 160:

    unde icimur ictu,

    id. 4, 1050:

    femur,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 42:

    caput telis (musca),

    Cat. 116, 4: vidulum fuscinā, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Non. 124, 1:

    cum Ptolemaeus in proelio telo venenato ictus esset,

    Cic. Div. 2, 66, 135; cf.:

    lapide ictus,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 22, 2:

    ibi in turba ictus Remus, cecidit,

    Liv. 1, 7, 2:

    velut ictus ab Hercule Cacus,

    Juv. 5, 125.—
    B.
    Esp. of lightning, etc., to strike:

    cum Summanus e caelo ictus esset,

    Cic. Div. 1, 10, 16:

    ictae limen domus,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 4, 34:

    fulmine laurus sola non icitur,

    Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 134; cf.:

    fulmen lauri fruticem non icit,

    id. 2, 55, 56, § 146;

    so in a figure, of a thunderbolt: ut vos iisdem ignibus circumsaepti me primum ictum pro vobis et fumantem videretis,

    Cic. Har. Resp. 21, 45; cf.: exin candida se radiis dedit icta foras lux (i. e. Aurora), struck with rays, irradiated, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 93 Vahl.).—
    C.
    With a homogeneous object: Icere colaphum, to give a box on the ear:

    hei, colaphum icit,

    Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 65.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In partic., icere foedus, like ferire and percutere foedus (v. ferio and percutio, I. B. fin.), to make a covenant or league:

    foedus, quod meo sanguine in pactione provinciarum iceras, frangere noluisti,

    Cic. Pis. 12, 28:

    cum Gaditanis foedus icisse dicitur,

    id. Balb. 15, 34; Cael. ap. Prisc. p. 886 P.:

    orsi a foedere quod nobiscum icerant,

    Tac. 12, 62 —
    B.
    (Perh. not ante - Aug.) Desideriis icta fidelibus Quaerit patria Caesarem, smitten, tormented, Hor. C. 4, 5, 15:

    novā re consules icti,

    disturbed, Liv. 27, 9, 8; cf. id. 34, 17, 5:

    conscientiā ictus,

    id. 33, 28, 1:

    metu icta,

    id. 1, 16 et saep.:

    haud secus quam pestifero sidere icti pavebant,

    panic - stricken, id. 8, 9, 12:

    domestico vulnere ictus,

    by family affliction, Tac. Agr. 29:

    si existunt, qui magnitudinem multum ultra se positam non icturi appetant,

    reach, attain, Sen. Const. Sap. 3 med. —
    C.
    Poet.:

    saltat Milonius, ut semel icto Accessit fervor capiti numerusque lucernis,

    i. e. smitten with wine, tipsy, Hor. S. 2, 1, 25.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > icio

  • 8 ico

    ī̆cĭo and ī̆co), īci, ictum (forms in use, only pres. icit, iciunt, icere; perf. icit, icisse; pluperf. iceram, iceras; fut. perf. icero; pass. pres. icitur, icimur; perf. ictus est; and part. ictus, a, um; pres. ĭco, Prisc. 886 P.;

    but īcit,

    Lucr. 3, 160; Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 50; pres. icio, Gell. 4, 17, 8; Prisc. 877 P.), 3, v. a. [Gr. ip-, iptomai, to injure; ips, a worm; ikria, scaffolding; cf. Ikaros, en-ipê], to strike, hit, smite, stab, sting (cf.: ferio, percutio, verbero, pulso).
    I.
    Lit. (rare but class.).
    A.
    In gen.:

    exim corpus propellit et icit,

    Lucr. 3, 160:

    unde icimur ictu,

    id. 4, 1050:

    femur,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 42:

    caput telis (musca),

    Cat. 116, 4: vidulum fuscinā, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Non. 124, 1:

    cum Ptolemaeus in proelio telo venenato ictus esset,

    Cic. Div. 2, 66, 135; cf.:

    lapide ictus,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 22, 2:

    ibi in turba ictus Remus, cecidit,

    Liv. 1, 7, 2:

    velut ictus ab Hercule Cacus,

    Juv. 5, 125.—
    B.
    Esp. of lightning, etc., to strike:

    cum Summanus e caelo ictus esset,

    Cic. Div. 1, 10, 16:

    ictae limen domus,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 4, 34:

    fulmine laurus sola non icitur,

    Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 134; cf.:

    fulmen lauri fruticem non icit,

    id. 2, 55, 56, § 146;

    so in a figure, of a thunderbolt: ut vos iisdem ignibus circumsaepti me primum ictum pro vobis et fumantem videretis,

    Cic. Har. Resp. 21, 45; cf.: exin candida se radiis dedit icta foras lux (i. e. Aurora), struck with rays, irradiated, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 93 Vahl.).—
    C.
    With a homogeneous object: Icere colaphum, to give a box on the ear:

    hei, colaphum icit,

    Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 65.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In partic., icere foedus, like ferire and percutere foedus (v. ferio and percutio, I. B. fin.), to make a covenant or league:

    foedus, quod meo sanguine in pactione provinciarum iceras, frangere noluisti,

    Cic. Pis. 12, 28:

    cum Gaditanis foedus icisse dicitur,

    id. Balb. 15, 34; Cael. ap. Prisc. p. 886 P.:

    orsi a foedere quod nobiscum icerant,

    Tac. 12, 62 —
    B.
    (Perh. not ante - Aug.) Desideriis icta fidelibus Quaerit patria Caesarem, smitten, tormented, Hor. C. 4, 5, 15:

    novā re consules icti,

    disturbed, Liv. 27, 9, 8; cf. id. 34, 17, 5:

    conscientiā ictus,

    id. 33, 28, 1:

    metu icta,

    id. 1, 16 et saep.:

    haud secus quam pestifero sidere icti pavebant,

    panic - stricken, id. 8, 9, 12:

    domestico vulnere ictus,

    by family affliction, Tac. Agr. 29:

    si existunt, qui magnitudinem multum ultra se positam non icturi appetant,

    reach, attain, Sen. Const. Sap. 3 med. —
    C.
    Poet.:

    saltat Milonius, ut semel icto Accessit fervor capiti numerusque lucernis,

    i. e. smitten with wine, tipsy, Hor. S. 2, 1, 25.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ico

  • 9 ferio

    fĕrĭo, īre (archaic FERINVNT for feriunt; acc. to Fest. s. v. nequinunt, p. 162, 24 Müll.; part. fut. feriturus, Serv. Verg. A. 7, 498. The perf. forms are supplied by percutio, v. Varr. L. L. 9, 55, § 98 Müll.), 4, v. a. [perh. Sanscr. dhūr-, injure, destroy; Lat. ferus, ferox; Gr. thêr; Aeol. phêr; cf. Gr. thourios, impetuous, thorein, to leap; and Lat. furere, furia, etc.], to strike, smite, beat, knock, cut, thrust, hit (class.; syn.: icio, percutio, verbero, vapulo, pulso, tundo, pavio).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    fores,

    to knock, Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 63; cf.

    parietem,

    Cic. Cael. 24, 59:

    murum arietibus,

    to batter, shake, Sall. J. 76, 6:

    pugiles adversarium,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 23 fin.: jacere telum, voluntatis est;

    ferire quem nolueris, fortunae,

    to strike, id. Top. 17, 64:

    partem corporis sibi,

    Lucr. 2, 441:

    frontem,

    Cic. Att. 1, 1, 1:

    femur,

    Quint. 11, 3, 123:

    pectora solito plangore,

    Ov. M. 4, 554; cf.:

    calce feritur aselli,

    id. F. 3, 755: uvas pede (rusticus), to stamp or tread, Tib. 2, 5, 85:

    feriri a serpente,

    to be stung, Plin. 29, 4, 22, § 71; cf. Ov. Ib. 481:

    cetera (venenata animalia) singulos feriunt,

    id. ib. 23:

    tabulam malleo,

    Cels. 6, 7 fin.: stricto ferit retinacula ferro, cuts to pieces (shortly before:

    incidere funes),

    Verg. A. 4, 580: certatim socii feriunt mare et aequora verrunt, strike, lash (in rowing), id. ib. 3, 290: ut frontem ferias, that you may beat your brow, i. e. be provoked, Cic. Att. 1, 1, 1.— Poet.:

    sublimi feriam sidera vertice,

    hit, touch, Hor. C. 1, 1, 36; cf. in the foll. 2.— Absol.:

    pugno ferire vel calce,

    Quint. 2, 8, 13; cf. Hor. S. 2, 7, 99:

    occursare capro, cornu ferit ille, caveto,

    pushes, butts, Verg. E. 9, 25.—
    2.
    Of inanim. and abstr. subjects:

    principio omnibus a rebus, quascumque videmus, Perpetuo fluere ac mitti spargique necesse est Corpora, quae feriant oculos visumque lacessant,

    strike, touch, Lucr. 6, 923:

    oculos (corpora, simulacra),

    id. 4, 217; 257:

    oculorum acies (res),

    id. 4, 691:

    speciem colore (res),

    id. 4, 243; cf.:

    his spectris etiam si oculi possent feriri, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 15, 16, 2:

    feriuntque summos fulmina montes,

    Hor. C. 2, 10, 11:

    nec semper feriet, quodcumque minabitur, arous,

    id. A. P. 350; cf.:

    si fractus illabatur orbis, Impavidum ferient ruinae,

    id. C. 3, 3, 8:

    nec levius tabulae laterum feriuntur ab undis, Quam, etc.,

    Ov. Tr. 2, 47.— Poet.: ferientia terram corpora, smiting (in falling), Luc. 4, 786:

    sole fere radiis foriente cacumina primis,

    hitting, touching, Ov. M. 7, 804:

    palla imos ferit alba pedes,

    touches, reaches to, Val. Fl. 1, 385:

    ferit aethera clamor,

    Verg. A. 5, 140:

    feriat dum maesta remotas Fama procul terras,

    extends to, Luc. 5, 774.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To kill by striking, to give a deathblow, to slay, kill: hostem, Enn. ap. Cic. Balb. 22, 51 (Ann. v. 284 ed. Vahl.); Sall. C. 7, 6; 60, 4; id. J. 85, 33; cf.:

    aliquem securi feriri,

    to be beheaded, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 75:

    aliquem telo trabali,

    Verg. A. 12, 295:

    retiarium (mirmillo),

    Quint. 6, 3, 61:

    te (maritum),

    Hor. C. 3, 11, 43:

    leonem atque alias feras primus aut in primis ferire,

    Sall. J. 6, 1:

    aprum,

    Ov. M. 3, 715.—
    b.
    Of the animals for sacrifice, to kill, slaughter; and hence, to offer, sacrifice:

    nos humilem feriemus agnam,

    Hor. C. 2, 17, 32:

    vaccam Proserpinae,

    Verg. A. 6, 251; cf. the form of oath in making a compact (when a swine was sacrificed): SI PRIOR DEFEXIT [p. 737] (populus Romanus) PVBLICO CONSILIO DOLO MALO, TV ILLO DIE IVPPITER, POPVLVM ROMANVM SIC FERITO, VT EGO HVNC PORCVM HIC HODIE FERIAM:

    TANTOQVE MAGIS FERITO, QVANTO MAGIS POTES POLLESQVE,

    Liv. 1, 24, 8:

    Quid aut sponsoribus in foedere opus esset aut obsidibus, ubi precatione res transigitur? per quem populum fiat, quo minus legibus dictis stetur, ut eum ita Juppiter feriat, quemadmodum a Fetialibus porcus feriatur,

    id. 9, 5, 3. (Cf. also:

    Jovis ante aram Stabant et caesā jungebant foedera porcă,

    Verg. A. 8, 641).— Hence,
    2.
    Transf., foedus ferire, to make a compact, covenant, or treaty (in Hebrew in precisely the same manner,): accipe daque fidem, foedusque feri bene firmum, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 33 ed. Vahl.):

    is, quicum foedus feriri in Capitolio viderat,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 3, 6:

    videret ut satis honestum foedus feriretur,

    id. Inv. 2, 30, 92:

    amorum turpissimorum foedera ferire,

    to form illicit connections, id. Cael. 14, 34:

    Tarchon jungit opes foedusque ferit,

    Verg. A. 10, 154 al. —
    3.
    Of money, to strike, stamp, coin:

    asses sextantario pondere,

    Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 44. Thus the designation of a triumvir monetalis is III. VIR. A. A. A. F. F., i. e. Triumvir auro argento aeri flando feriundo, Inscr. Orell. 569.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen.:

    quae faciliora sunt philosophis, quo minus multa patent in eorum vita, quae fortuna feriat,

    reaches, affects, Cic. Off. 1, 21, 73:

    accidit, ut ictu simili (i. e. morte propinqui) ferirer,

    was struck with a similar blow, Quint. 6 praef. §

    3: verba palato,

    to bring out, utter, speak, Hor. S. 2, 3, 274; cf.:

    sonat vox, ut feritur,

    Quint. 11, 3, 61:

    feriunt animum (sententiae),

    id. 12, 10, 48:

    ut omnis sensus in fine sermonis feriat aurem,

    id. 8, 5, 13; cf. id. 9, 3, 4.— Absol.:

    binis aut ternis ferire verbis,

    Cic. Or. 67, 226:

    videtur Chrysippus medium ferire voluisse,

    i. e. to avoid extremes, id. Fat. 17, 39.—
    B.
    In partic., to cozen, cheat, gull, trick (mostly in vulg. lang.;

    not in Cic.): ubi illa pendentem ferit, jam amplius orat,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 19; Ter. Ph. 1, 1, 13:

    cum ferit astutos comica moecha Getas,

    Prop. 4 (5), 5, 44:

    austeros arte ferire viros,

    id. 3, 3 (4, 2), 50.—
    C.
    To punish, inflict punishment: aliquem condemnatione centum librarum auri, Cod. 11, 11, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ferio

  • 10 feriō

        feriō —, —, īre    [2 FER-], to strike, smite, beat, knock, cut, thrust, hit: velut si re verā feriant, H.: cornu ferit ille, butts, V.: alqm: parietem: murum arietibus, batter, S.: calce feritur aselli, O.: mare, V.: frontem, beat the brow, i. e. be provoked: Sublimi sidera vertice, hit, touch, H.: his spectris etiam si oculi possent feriri, etc.: feriuntque summos Fulmina montes, H.. tabulae laterum feriuntur ab undis, O.: Sole radiis feriente cacumina, O.: ferit aethera clamor, V.— To kill by striking, give a death-blow, slay, kill: hostem: (eum) securi, behead: telo orantem multa, V.: te (maritum), H.: leonem, S<*> Frigore te, i. e. cut you dead, H.— To slaughter, offer, sacrifice: agnam, H.: porcum, L. (old form.).—With foedus, to make a compact, covenant, enter into a treaty (because a sacrifice was offered to confirm a covenant): is, quicum foedus feriri in Capitolio viderat: amorum turpissimorum foedera ferire, form illicit connections: lungit opes foedusque ferit, V.—Fig., to strike, reach, affect, impress: multa in vitā, quae fortuna feriat: verba palato, coin, H.: binis aut ternis ferire verbis, make a hit.—To cozen, cheat, gull, trick (colloq.): Geta Ferietur alio munere, T.
    * * *
    I
    feriare, feriavi, feriatus V
    rest from work/labor; keep/celebrate holiday; be idle; abstain from
    II
    ferire, -, - V
    hit, strike; strike a bargain; kill, slay

    Latin-English dictionary > feriō

  • 11 fidus

    1.
    fīdus, a, um, adj. [fido, that one may rely on], trusty, truslworthy, faithful, sure (class.).
    I.
    Prop., constr. absol., with dat., poet. also with gen.
    A.
    Absol.:

    nihil est stabile quod infidum... Neque enim fidum potest esse multiplex ingenium et tortuosum,

    Cic. Lael. 18, 65; cf.:

    (amico) probo et fideli et fido et cum magna fide,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 4, 4:

    tum se intellexisse, quos fidos amicos habuisset, quos infidos,

    Cic. Lael. 15, 53:

    amici,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 24:

    sodales,

    id. S. 2, 1, 30:

    fidissima atque optima uxor,

    Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 6:

    conjux,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 142:

    bonus atque fidus judex,

    impartial, id. C. 4, 9, 40:

    medici,

    id. Ep. 1, 8, 9:

    interpres,

    id. A. P. 133:

    fidiora haec genera hominum fore ratus,

    Liv. 40, 3, 4:

    nihil fidum, nihil exploratum habere,

    Cic. Lael. 26, 97:

    familiaritates fidae,

    id. Off. 2, 8, 30:

    canum tam fida custodia,

    id. N. D. 2, 63, 158:

    vis canum,

    Lucr. 6, 1222; cf.:

    pectus canum,

    id. 5, 864:

    pectus,

    Hor. C. 2, 12, 16:

    fido animo,

    firm, steadfast, Liv. 25, 15, 13. —
    B.
    With dat.:

    (servum) quem domino fidissimum credebat,

    Liv. 33, 28, 13 (but cf.: fidus est amicus, fidelis servus, Don. Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 26):

    quae fida fuit nulli,

    Tib. 1, 6, 77:

    nec tibi fidam promittis Lacaenam,

    Ov. H. 5, 99:

    ne quid usquam fidum proditori esset,

    no faith should be kept with a traitor, Liv. 1, 11, 7:

    ut eos sibi fidiores redderet,

    Just. 16, 5, 2.—
    C.
    Poet. with gen.:

    regina tui fidissima,

    most faithful towards you, Verg. A. 12, 659; and with gen. partit.:

    juvenum fidos, lectissima bello Corpora, sollicitat pretio,

    the trusty ones, trustiest of the youth, Stat. Th. 2, 483.—
    D.
    With in or ad, and acc.:

    in amicos fidissimus,

    Eutr. 7, 8:

    fidi ad bella duces,

    Nemes. Cyn. 82.—
    E.
    With in and abl.:

    sperabam te mihi fidum in hoc nostro amore fore,

    Cat. 91, 1 sq. —
    II.
    Transf., objectively of inanim. and abstr. things, sure, certain, safe, trustworthy (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose; in Cic. Att. 9, 6, 10, fuga fida is not critically certain; v. Orell. N. cr. ad loc.).
    A.
    Absol.:

    aures,

    Ov. M. 10, 382:

    spes fidissima Teucrum,

    Verg. A. 2, 281:

    ensis,

    trusty, id. ib. 6, 524:

    alii litora cursu fida petunt,

    id. ib. 2, 400:

    nec unquam satis fida potentia, ubi nimia est,

    Tac. H. 2, 92:

    pons validus et fidus,

    id. A. 15, 15 fin.:

    male fidas provincias,

    id. H. 1, 52. —
    B.
    With dat.:

    (oppidum) naviganti celerrimum fidissimumque appulsu,

    Tac. A. 3, 1; cf.:

    statio male fida carinis,

    Verg. A. 2, 23:

    montem tantos inter ardores opacum et fidum nivibus,

    Tac. H. 5, 6.— Sup.:

    nox arcanis fidissima,

    Ov. M. 7, 192:

    camelino (genitali) arcus intendere, orientis populis fidissimum,

    the surest, Plin. 11, 49, 109, § 261:

    refugium,

    Tac. A. 5, 8. — Hence, adv.: fīde, faithfully, trustily (perh. only in the sup.):

    quae mihi a te ad timorem fidissime atque amantissime proponuntur,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 4 (al. fidelissime):

    fidissime amicissimeque vixerunt,

    Gell. 12, 8, 6.
    2.
    fīdus = foedus, a league, v. 2. foedus init.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > fidus

  • 12 percutio

    per-cŭtĭo, cussi, cussum, 3 ( perf. contr. percusti for percussisti, Hor. S. 2, 3, 273), v. a. [quatio].
    I.
    (With the notion of the per predominating.) To strike through and through, to thrust or pierce through (syn.: percello, transfigo).
    A.
    Lit.:

    percussus cultello,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 69, 2:

    gladio percussus,

    Cic. Mil. 24, 65:

    Mamilio pectus percussum,

    Liv. 2, 19, 8:

    coxam Aeneae,

    Juv. 15, 66:

    vena percutitur,

    a vein is opened, blood is let, Sen. Ep. 70, 13:

    fossam,

    to cut through, dig a trench, Front. Strat. 3, 17; Plin. Ep. 10, 50, 4.—
    B.
    Transf., to slay, kill (class.; cf.:

    neco, perimo, ico, ferio): aliquem securi,

    to behead, Cic. Pis. 34, 84; id. Fin. 1, 7, 23:

    collum percussa securi Victima,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 2, 5; Liv. 39, 43:

    aliquem veneno,

    App. M. 10, p. 252, 21:

    hostem,

    Suet. Calig. 3; Ov. H. 4, 94.—Hence, percutere foedus, to make a league, conclude a treaty (because an animal was slaughtered on the occasion;

    only post-Aug. for ferio, ico), Auct. B. Alex. 44: cum Albanis foedus percussit,

    Just. 42, 3, 4; 43, 5, 10; Vulg. 3 Reg. 5, 12.—
    II.
    (With the idea of the verb predominating.) To strike, beat, hit, smite, shoot, etc. (cf.: ico, pulso, ferio).
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen. (class.):

    ceu lapidem si Percutiat lapis aut ferrum,

    Lucr. 6, 162:

    cum Cato percussus esset ab eo, qui arcam ferebat,

    had been struck, Cic. de Or. 2, 69, 279:

    januam manu,

    Tib. 1, 5, 68; 1, 6, 3:

    turres de caelo percussae,

    struck with lightning, Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 19; cf.:

    hunc nec Juppiter fulmine percussit,

    id. N. D. 3, 35, 84:

    percussus ab aspide calcatā,

    stung, bitten, Plin. 23, 1, 27, § 56; cf.: PERCVSSVS A VIPERA, Inscr. Vermigl. Iscriz. Perug. p. 319; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 30; 28, 4, 10, § 44:

    color percussus luce refulgit,

    struck, Lucr. 2, 799; cf. Ov. M. 6, 63; Val. Fl. 1, 495:

    auriculae (voce) percussae,

    Prop. 1, 16, 28:

    percussus vocibus circus,

    Sil. 16, 398.— Neutr.:

    sol percussit super caput,

    Vulg. Jonae, 4, 8.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To strike, stamp, coin money (post-Aug.):

    ut nummum argenteum notā sideris Capricorni percusserit,

    Suet. Aug. 94; id. Ner. 25. —
    b.
    To strike, play a musical instrument ( poet.):

    lyram,

    Ov. Am. 3, 12, 40; Val. Fl. 5, 100.—
    c.
    As t. t. in weaving, to throw the shuttle with the woof: (lacernae) male percussae textoris pectine Galli, badly or coarsely woven, Juv. 9, 30.—
    d.
    Haec meraclo se percussit flore Libyco (=vino Mareotico), to get drunk, Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 16 (cf.: sauciare se flore Liberi, Enn. ap. Fulg. 562, 25).—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To smite, strike, visit with calamity of any kind (class.):

    percussus calamitate,

    Cic. Mur. 24, 49:

    percussus fortunae vulnere,

    id. Ac. 1, 3, 11:

    ruina,

    Vulg. Zach. 14, 18: anathemate. id. Mal. 4, 6:

    plaga,

    id. 1 Macc. 1, 32:

    in stuporem,

    id. Zach. 12, 4.—
    2.
    To strike, shock, make an impression upon, affect deeply, move, astound (class.):

    percussisti me de oratione prolatā,

    Cic. Att. 3, 12, 3; id. Mil. 29, 79: audivi ex Gavio, Romae esse hominem, et fuisse assiduum: percussit animum, it struck me, made me suspicious, id. Att. 4, 8, b, 3:

    animos probabilitate,

    id. Tusc. 5, 11, 33:

    percussus atrocissimis litteris,

    id. Fam. 9, 25, 3:

    fragor aurem percutit,

    Juv. 11, 98.—
    3.
    To cheat, deceive, impose upon one (class.):

    aliquem probe,

    Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 9:

    hominem eruditum,

    Cic. Fl. 20, 46:

    hominem strategemate,

    id. Att. 5, 2, 2:

    aliquem palpo,

    to flatter, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 28.—
    4.
    (Acc. to II. A. 2. a.) To strike, stamp (post-Aug.):

    facta dictaque tua unā formā percussa sunt,

    Sen. Ep. 34, 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > percutio

  • 13 sancio

    sancĭo, xi, ctum, 4 ( pluperf. sancierat, Pompon. ap. Diom. p. 368 P.; id. ap. Prisc. p. 904 ib.:

    sancivi,

    Prisc. 904; Diom. 368; part. perf. sancitum, Lucr. 1, 587; Cass. Sev. ap. Diom. l. l.), v. a. [Sanscr. root sac, sak, to accompany, honor (cf. sequor); whence also sacer; cf. Gr. HaG, hagios, hagnos], to render sacred or inviolable by a religious act; to appoint as sacred or inviolable.
    I.
    Lit., mostly of legal ordinances or other public proceedings, to fix unalterably; to establish, appoint, decree, ordain; also, to make irrevocable or unalterable; to enact, confirm, ratify, sanction (freq. and class.; cf.: caveo, scisco).
    A.
    Sancire legem (jus, foedus, etc.):

    legibus istis, quas senatus de ambitu sancire voluerit, etc.,

    Cic. Planc. 18, 44:

    Cretum leges, quas sive Juppiter sive Minos sanxit,

    id. Tusc. 2, 14, 34; cf.:

    quasdam leges ex integro sanxit,

    Suet. Aug. 34; and:

    sancire legem, Ne quis, etc.,

    Liv. 3, 55:

    tabulas Quas bis quinque viri sanxerunt,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 24:

    quam temere in nosmet legem sancimus iniquam,

    id. S. 1, 3, 67:

    legem sanciendo,

    Liv. 3, 55 et saep.— Pass.:

    haec igitur lex sanciatur, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Lael. 12, 40, and 13, 44; cf.:

    M. Valerius consul de provocatione legem tulit diligentius sanctam,

    Liv. 10, 9:

    sacrosanctum esse nihil potest, nisi quod populus plebesve sanxisset,

    Cic. Balb. 14, 33:

    sanxisset jura nobis,

    id. Rep. 3, 11, 18: jus utile civitati, Pompon. ap. Prisc. p. 904:

    in quibus (legibus) illa eadem sancta sunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 50, § 123:

    cum aut morte tuā sancienda sint consulum imperia, aut impunitate in perpetuum abroganda,

    Liv. 8, 7:

    SENTENTIAM,

    Inscr. Orell. 4405:

    foedus,

    to ratify the treaty, Liv. 1, 24; so Cic. Sest. 10, 24:

    foedera sanguine,

    id. post Red. ad Quir. 5, 13; Liv. 23, 8 fin.; 25, 16; Tac. A. 12, 46; cf. poet.:

    foedera fulmine,

    Verg. A. 12, 200.—
    B.
    Sancire lege (edicto, etc.) aliquid, de aliquā re, ut, ne, etc.:

    alia moribus confirmarunt, sanxerunt autem alia legibus,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 2; cf.:

    genus id agrorum certo capite legis confirmari atque sanciri,

    id. Agr. 3, 1, 3:

    quod aedilis plebis fuisset, contra quam sanctum legibus erat,

    Liv. 30, 19:

    ne res efferatur jurejurando ac fide sanciatur petunt,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 2; cf. Liv. 39, 37:

    neque enim rogationibus plebisve scitis sancta sunt ista praecepta,

    Quint. 2, 13, 6:

    coetibus ac sacrificiis conspirationem civitatum,

    Tac. Agr. 27:

    eadem fuit (causa) nihil de hac re lege sanciendi,

    Liv. 34, 4:

    nihil lege ullā in alios sanxit,

    Just. 3, 2, 8:

    de jure praediorum sanctum apud nos est jure civili, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 3, 16, 65:

    inhumanissimā lege sanxerunt, ut, etc.,

    id. Rep. 2, 37, 63; cf.:

    habeat legibus sanctum, Si quis...uti, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 20:

    lege naturae, communi jure gentium sanctum est, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Har. Resp. 14, 32:

    primo duodecim tabulis sanctum, ne quis, etc.,

    Tac. A. 6, 16:

    Flaccus sanxit edicto, ne, etc.,

    Cic. Fl. 28, 67:

    in omne tempus gravi documento sancirent, ne, etc.,

    Liv. 28, 19:

    nec, quominus id postea liceret, ulla lex sanxit,

    Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 5, 3.—
    (β).
    Without abl.:

    de quibus confirmandis et sanciendis legem comitiis centuriatis laturus est,

    Cic. Phil. 10, 8, 17; cf.:

    acta Caesaris,

    id. Att. 14, 21, 2:

    quae dubia sunt, per vos sancire vult,

    id. Agr. 3 4, 13:

    augurem Jovis optimi maximi,

    id. Phil. 13, 5, 12:

    cum de eo nihil sanxerit, quod antea commissum non erat,

    id. Rosc. Am. 25, 70:

    quid est, quod tam accurate tamque diligenter caveat et sanciat, ut heredes sui, etc.,

    id. Fin. 2, 31, 101.—
    C.
    With acc. and inf.:

    rursus fide sanxerunt liberos Tarentinos leges suaque omnia habituros,

    Liv. 25, 8:

    omnes liberos esse sanxit,

    Suet. Claud. 25.—
    D.
    Lex sancit, decrees, ordains (with acc. or obj.-clause):

    at hoc Valeria lex non dicit, Corneliae leges non sanciunt,

    Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 8:

    consularis lex sanxit, ne qui magistratus sine provocatione crearetur,

    id. Rep. 2, 31, 54; cf.:

    res et ab naturā profectas et ab consuetudine probatas, legum metus et religio sanxit,

    id. Inv. 2, 53, 160.—
    E.
    Poet., with relative-clause:

    quid quaeque queant, per foedera naturaï, Quid porro nequeant, sancitum quandoquidem exstat,

    Lucr. 1, 587. —
    F.
    To render sacred to any one, to devote, consecrate, dedicate:

    sancire alicui carmina,

    Stat. S. 3, 3, 215; cf. id. Th. 11, 344: templum, Coripp. 4, 264.—
    II.
    Transf., to forbid under pain of punishment, to enact a penalty against (very rare):

    incestum pontifices supplicio sanciunto,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22; cf.:

    noxiae poena par esto, ut in suo vitio quisque plectatur: vis capite, avaritia multa, honoris cupiditas ignominiā sanciatur,

    id. ib. 3, 20, 46; id. Planc. 19, 47:

    hoc (sc. insidiae) quamquam video neque more turpe haberi, neque aut lege sanciri aut jure civili: tamen naturae lege sanctum est,

    id. Off. 3, 17, 69:

    erranti viam non monstrare, quod Athenis exsecrationibus publicis sanctum est,

    id. ib. 3, 13, 55:

    Solon capite sanxit, si qui in seditione non alterius utrius partis fuisset,

    made it a capital offence, id. Att. 10, 1, 2.—With abl. of fine:

    injurias factas quinque et viginti assibus sanxerunt,

    Gell. 20, 1, 31.—Hence, sanc-tus, a, um, P. a.
    A.
    Orig., rendered sacred, established as inviolable, i. e. sacred, inviolable (whereas sacer signifies consecrated to a deity. Thus, e. g., a temple, grove, or the like, is sacer locus;

    but sanctus locus is any public place which it is forbidden to injure or disturb. A sacer locus is also sanctus, but the converse is not always true): proprie dicimus sancta, quae neque sacra neque profana sunt, sed sanctione quādam confirmata, ut leges sanctae sunt, quia sanctione quādam sunt subnixae. Quod enim sanctione quādam subnixum est, id sanctum est, etsi deo non sit consecratum,

    Dig. 1, 8, 9:

    sanctum est, quod ab injuriā hominum defensum atque munitum est...In municipiis quoque muros esse sanctos,

    ib. 1, 8, 8; cf.:

    sanctae res, veluti muri et portae,

    ib. 1, 8, 1:

    campus,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 11:

    tribuni ejus (plebis) essent sanctique sunto,

    id. Leg. 3, 3, 9 (cf. sacrosanctus):

    societas,

    id. Off. 1, 8, 26; id. Rep. 1, 32, 49:

    fides induciarum,

    Liv. 8, 37:

    nullum esse officium, nullum jus tam sanctum atque integrum, quod non ejus scelus atque perfidia violarit et imminuerit,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 109; so,

    officium,

    id. Quint. 6, 26:

    poëtae...poëtae nomen,

    id. Arch. 8, 18 sq. —Hence, aerarium sanctius, a special treasure of the State, which was only to be used in cases of extreme necessity (v. aerarium).—Of persons:

    hospites ab injuriā prohibent sanctosque habent,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 23:

    ut vestris etiam legionibus sanctus essem,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 60:

    uxor,

    Phaedr. 3, 10, 30.—Because to the idea of inviolability is readily attached that of exalted worth, of sacredness, or divinity (as, on the contrary, our word sacred afterward received the meaning of inviolable, e. g. sacred rights, a sacred promise, sacred honor, etc.), sanctus denotes,
    B.
    Venerable, august, divine, sacred, pure, holy (very freq. and class.); of a divinity, and of things in any way belonging to one: Saturno sancte create, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 607 Vahl.): Juno Saturnia sancta dearum, id. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 4, 576 (Ann. v. 65 ib.): teque pater Tiberine (veneror) tuo cum flumine sancto, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 55 ib.):

    numen,

    Lucr. 5, 309; 6, 70:

    sedes deum,

    id. 5, 147; Cic. Rep. 5, 5, 7:

    fana,

    Lucr. 5, 74:

    delubra,

    id. 6, 417; 6, 1272:

    sanctus augustusque fons,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 36:

    sanctior dies (with sollemnis),

    Hor. C. 4, 11, 17:

    ignes (of a sacrifice),

    Verg. A. 3, 406 et saep.—

    After Augustus,

    a title given to the emperors, Ov. F. 2, 127; Val. Fl. 1, 11:

    sanctius et reverentius est visum nomen Augusti,

    Flor. 4, 12, 66:

    intra limina sanctioris aulae,

    Mart. 5, 6, 8 (al. aevi):

    amicitiae sanctum et venerabile nomen,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 8, 15:

    libertas,

    Liv. 3, 52:

    pudicitia,

    id. 3, 52.—
    2.
    Of character, morally pure, good, innocent, pious, holy, just, etc. (freq. and class.): cum esset ille vir exemplum innocentiae, cumque illo nemo neque integrior esset in civitate neque sanctior, Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 229; cf.:

    sanctissimi viri,

    id. Lael. 11, 39:

    homines frugalissimi, sanctissimi,

    id. Fl. 29, 71:

    sancti et religiosi,

    id. Rosc. Com. 15, 44; cf.:

    qui sunt sancti, qui religionum colentes,

    id. Planc. 33, 80:

    vir in publicis religionibus foederum sanctus et diligens,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 49: veteres et sancti viri, Sall. Fragm. ap. Macr. S. 2, 9:

    sanctius consilium,

    Liv. 30, 16; cf.:

    jura magistratusque legunt sanctumque senatum,

    Verg. A. 1, 426:

    da (mihi) justo sanctoque videri,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 61:

    Dareus ut erat sanctus et mitis,

    Curt. 3, 8, 5:

    amores,

    pure, chaste, Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 68; cf.:

    virgines,

    Hor. C. 1, 2, 27:

    sanctissima conjux,

    Verg. A. 11, 158:

    pudor,

    Tib. 1, 3, 83:

    mores (with pudicitia),

    Juv. 10, 298 et saep.:

    me quidem id multo magis movet, quod mihi est et sanctius antiquius,

    Cic. Att. 12, 19, 4:

    quod apud omnes leve et infirmum est, id apud judicem grave et sanctum esse ducatur?

    id. Rosc. Com. 2, 6; cf.:

    est et sancta et gravis oratio (Calvi),

    Quint. 10, 1, 115; so comp.:

    oratio,

    id. 8, 3, 24:

    genus orationis,

    id. 4, 2, 125:

    eloquentia,

    Tac. Or. 4:

    manus sanctas habere,

    Val. Max. 2, 2, 8:

    sanctissima disciplina (Stoicorum),

    Gell. 1, 2, 7; cf. Lucr. 3, 371. —
    C.
    In eccl. Lat., substt.
    1.
    sanctus, i, m., a saint, holy man:

    sancti tui,

    Vulg. 2 Par. 6, 41:

    omnes sancti ejus,

    id. Psa. 30, 24. —
    2.
    sanctum, i, n., a holy place; esp.:

    sanctum sanctorum,

    Vulg. Exod. 26, 34 et saep.:

    in sancto habitas,

    id. Psa. 21, 4.—Also in plur.:

    sancta sanctorum,

    Vulg. Exod. 40, 11 et saep.: violare sancta, id. Judith, 9, 11. — Adv.: sanctē (acc. to B.), solemnly, conscientiously, scrupulously, religiously, with holy awe, etc.:

    jurare,

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 112; Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 4:

    adjurare,

    Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 27; Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 26:

    nimis sancte pius,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 8; cf.:

    pie sancteque colimus naturam excellentem,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:

    auguste sancteque consecrare,

    id. ib. 2, 24, 62:

    disce verecundo sanctius ore loqui,

    Mart. 8, 1, 2:

    multa sunt severius scripta quam in antiquis legibus et sanctius,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 4, 8:

    se sanctissime gerere,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4, § 13:

    te sancte precor,

    Liv. 2, 10:

    illae (tabulae) servantur sancte,

    scrupulously, religiously, Cic. Rosc. Com. 2, 7; cf.:

    me ea, quae tibi promitto ac recipio, sanctissime esse observaturum,

    id. Fam. 5, 8, 5:

    virgines tam sancte habuit,

    Curt. 3, 12, 21:

    exempla conservatae sanctissime utrobique opinionis,

    Quint. 1, 2, 4:

    apud Sallustium dicta sancte et antique,

    purely, chastely, id. 8, 3, 44.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sancio

  • 14 sanctum

    sancĭo, xi, ctum, 4 ( pluperf. sancierat, Pompon. ap. Diom. p. 368 P.; id. ap. Prisc. p. 904 ib.:

    sancivi,

    Prisc. 904; Diom. 368; part. perf. sancitum, Lucr. 1, 587; Cass. Sev. ap. Diom. l. l.), v. a. [Sanscr. root sac, sak, to accompany, honor (cf. sequor); whence also sacer; cf. Gr. HaG, hagios, hagnos], to render sacred or inviolable by a religious act; to appoint as sacred or inviolable.
    I.
    Lit., mostly of legal ordinances or other public proceedings, to fix unalterably; to establish, appoint, decree, ordain; also, to make irrevocable or unalterable; to enact, confirm, ratify, sanction (freq. and class.; cf.: caveo, scisco).
    A.
    Sancire legem (jus, foedus, etc.):

    legibus istis, quas senatus de ambitu sancire voluerit, etc.,

    Cic. Planc. 18, 44:

    Cretum leges, quas sive Juppiter sive Minos sanxit,

    id. Tusc. 2, 14, 34; cf.:

    quasdam leges ex integro sanxit,

    Suet. Aug. 34; and:

    sancire legem, Ne quis, etc.,

    Liv. 3, 55:

    tabulas Quas bis quinque viri sanxerunt,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 24:

    quam temere in nosmet legem sancimus iniquam,

    id. S. 1, 3, 67:

    legem sanciendo,

    Liv. 3, 55 et saep.— Pass.:

    haec igitur lex sanciatur, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Lael. 12, 40, and 13, 44; cf.:

    M. Valerius consul de provocatione legem tulit diligentius sanctam,

    Liv. 10, 9:

    sacrosanctum esse nihil potest, nisi quod populus plebesve sanxisset,

    Cic. Balb. 14, 33:

    sanxisset jura nobis,

    id. Rep. 3, 11, 18: jus utile civitati, Pompon. ap. Prisc. p. 904:

    in quibus (legibus) illa eadem sancta sunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 50, § 123:

    cum aut morte tuā sancienda sint consulum imperia, aut impunitate in perpetuum abroganda,

    Liv. 8, 7:

    SENTENTIAM,

    Inscr. Orell. 4405:

    foedus,

    to ratify the treaty, Liv. 1, 24; so Cic. Sest. 10, 24:

    foedera sanguine,

    id. post Red. ad Quir. 5, 13; Liv. 23, 8 fin.; 25, 16; Tac. A. 12, 46; cf. poet.:

    foedera fulmine,

    Verg. A. 12, 200.—
    B.
    Sancire lege (edicto, etc.) aliquid, de aliquā re, ut, ne, etc.:

    alia moribus confirmarunt, sanxerunt autem alia legibus,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 2; cf.:

    genus id agrorum certo capite legis confirmari atque sanciri,

    id. Agr. 3, 1, 3:

    quod aedilis plebis fuisset, contra quam sanctum legibus erat,

    Liv. 30, 19:

    ne res efferatur jurejurando ac fide sanciatur petunt,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 2; cf. Liv. 39, 37:

    neque enim rogationibus plebisve scitis sancta sunt ista praecepta,

    Quint. 2, 13, 6:

    coetibus ac sacrificiis conspirationem civitatum,

    Tac. Agr. 27:

    eadem fuit (causa) nihil de hac re lege sanciendi,

    Liv. 34, 4:

    nihil lege ullā in alios sanxit,

    Just. 3, 2, 8:

    de jure praediorum sanctum apud nos est jure civili, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 3, 16, 65:

    inhumanissimā lege sanxerunt, ut, etc.,

    id. Rep. 2, 37, 63; cf.:

    habeat legibus sanctum, Si quis...uti, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 20:

    lege naturae, communi jure gentium sanctum est, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Har. Resp. 14, 32:

    primo duodecim tabulis sanctum, ne quis, etc.,

    Tac. A. 6, 16:

    Flaccus sanxit edicto, ne, etc.,

    Cic. Fl. 28, 67:

    in omne tempus gravi documento sancirent, ne, etc.,

    Liv. 28, 19:

    nec, quominus id postea liceret, ulla lex sanxit,

    Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 5, 3.—
    (β).
    Without abl.:

    de quibus confirmandis et sanciendis legem comitiis centuriatis laturus est,

    Cic. Phil. 10, 8, 17; cf.:

    acta Caesaris,

    id. Att. 14, 21, 2:

    quae dubia sunt, per vos sancire vult,

    id. Agr. 3 4, 13:

    augurem Jovis optimi maximi,

    id. Phil. 13, 5, 12:

    cum de eo nihil sanxerit, quod antea commissum non erat,

    id. Rosc. Am. 25, 70:

    quid est, quod tam accurate tamque diligenter caveat et sanciat, ut heredes sui, etc.,

    id. Fin. 2, 31, 101.—
    C.
    With acc. and inf.:

    rursus fide sanxerunt liberos Tarentinos leges suaque omnia habituros,

    Liv. 25, 8:

    omnes liberos esse sanxit,

    Suet. Claud. 25.—
    D.
    Lex sancit, decrees, ordains (with acc. or obj.-clause):

    at hoc Valeria lex non dicit, Corneliae leges non sanciunt,

    Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 8:

    consularis lex sanxit, ne qui magistratus sine provocatione crearetur,

    id. Rep. 2, 31, 54; cf.:

    res et ab naturā profectas et ab consuetudine probatas, legum metus et religio sanxit,

    id. Inv. 2, 53, 160.—
    E.
    Poet., with relative-clause:

    quid quaeque queant, per foedera naturaï, Quid porro nequeant, sancitum quandoquidem exstat,

    Lucr. 1, 587. —
    F.
    To render sacred to any one, to devote, consecrate, dedicate:

    sancire alicui carmina,

    Stat. S. 3, 3, 215; cf. id. Th. 11, 344: templum, Coripp. 4, 264.—
    II.
    Transf., to forbid under pain of punishment, to enact a penalty against (very rare):

    incestum pontifices supplicio sanciunto,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22; cf.:

    noxiae poena par esto, ut in suo vitio quisque plectatur: vis capite, avaritia multa, honoris cupiditas ignominiā sanciatur,

    id. ib. 3, 20, 46; id. Planc. 19, 47:

    hoc (sc. insidiae) quamquam video neque more turpe haberi, neque aut lege sanciri aut jure civili: tamen naturae lege sanctum est,

    id. Off. 3, 17, 69:

    erranti viam non monstrare, quod Athenis exsecrationibus publicis sanctum est,

    id. ib. 3, 13, 55:

    Solon capite sanxit, si qui in seditione non alterius utrius partis fuisset,

    made it a capital offence, id. Att. 10, 1, 2.—With abl. of fine:

    injurias factas quinque et viginti assibus sanxerunt,

    Gell. 20, 1, 31.—Hence, sanc-tus, a, um, P. a.
    A.
    Orig., rendered sacred, established as inviolable, i. e. sacred, inviolable (whereas sacer signifies consecrated to a deity. Thus, e. g., a temple, grove, or the like, is sacer locus;

    but sanctus locus is any public place which it is forbidden to injure or disturb. A sacer locus is also sanctus, but the converse is not always true): proprie dicimus sancta, quae neque sacra neque profana sunt, sed sanctione quādam confirmata, ut leges sanctae sunt, quia sanctione quādam sunt subnixae. Quod enim sanctione quādam subnixum est, id sanctum est, etsi deo non sit consecratum,

    Dig. 1, 8, 9:

    sanctum est, quod ab injuriā hominum defensum atque munitum est...In municipiis quoque muros esse sanctos,

    ib. 1, 8, 8; cf.:

    sanctae res, veluti muri et portae,

    ib. 1, 8, 1:

    campus,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 11:

    tribuni ejus (plebis) essent sanctique sunto,

    id. Leg. 3, 3, 9 (cf. sacrosanctus):

    societas,

    id. Off. 1, 8, 26; id. Rep. 1, 32, 49:

    fides induciarum,

    Liv. 8, 37:

    nullum esse officium, nullum jus tam sanctum atque integrum, quod non ejus scelus atque perfidia violarit et imminuerit,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 109; so,

    officium,

    id. Quint. 6, 26:

    poëtae...poëtae nomen,

    id. Arch. 8, 18 sq. —Hence, aerarium sanctius, a special treasure of the State, which was only to be used in cases of extreme necessity (v. aerarium).—Of persons:

    hospites ab injuriā prohibent sanctosque habent,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 23:

    ut vestris etiam legionibus sanctus essem,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 60:

    uxor,

    Phaedr. 3, 10, 30.—Because to the idea of inviolability is readily attached that of exalted worth, of sacredness, or divinity (as, on the contrary, our word sacred afterward received the meaning of inviolable, e. g. sacred rights, a sacred promise, sacred honor, etc.), sanctus denotes,
    B.
    Venerable, august, divine, sacred, pure, holy (very freq. and class.); of a divinity, and of things in any way belonging to one: Saturno sancte create, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 607 Vahl.): Juno Saturnia sancta dearum, id. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 4, 576 (Ann. v. 65 ib.): teque pater Tiberine (veneror) tuo cum flumine sancto, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 55 ib.):

    numen,

    Lucr. 5, 309; 6, 70:

    sedes deum,

    id. 5, 147; Cic. Rep. 5, 5, 7:

    fana,

    Lucr. 5, 74:

    delubra,

    id. 6, 417; 6, 1272:

    sanctus augustusque fons,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 36:

    sanctior dies (with sollemnis),

    Hor. C. 4, 11, 17:

    ignes (of a sacrifice),

    Verg. A. 3, 406 et saep.—

    After Augustus,

    a title given to the emperors, Ov. F. 2, 127; Val. Fl. 1, 11:

    sanctius et reverentius est visum nomen Augusti,

    Flor. 4, 12, 66:

    intra limina sanctioris aulae,

    Mart. 5, 6, 8 (al. aevi):

    amicitiae sanctum et venerabile nomen,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 8, 15:

    libertas,

    Liv. 3, 52:

    pudicitia,

    id. 3, 52.—
    2.
    Of character, morally pure, good, innocent, pious, holy, just, etc. (freq. and class.): cum esset ille vir exemplum innocentiae, cumque illo nemo neque integrior esset in civitate neque sanctior, Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 229; cf.:

    sanctissimi viri,

    id. Lael. 11, 39:

    homines frugalissimi, sanctissimi,

    id. Fl. 29, 71:

    sancti et religiosi,

    id. Rosc. Com. 15, 44; cf.:

    qui sunt sancti, qui religionum colentes,

    id. Planc. 33, 80:

    vir in publicis religionibus foederum sanctus et diligens,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 49: veteres et sancti viri, Sall. Fragm. ap. Macr. S. 2, 9:

    sanctius consilium,

    Liv. 30, 16; cf.:

    jura magistratusque legunt sanctumque senatum,

    Verg. A. 1, 426:

    da (mihi) justo sanctoque videri,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 61:

    Dareus ut erat sanctus et mitis,

    Curt. 3, 8, 5:

    amores,

    pure, chaste, Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 68; cf.:

    virgines,

    Hor. C. 1, 2, 27:

    sanctissima conjux,

    Verg. A. 11, 158:

    pudor,

    Tib. 1, 3, 83:

    mores (with pudicitia),

    Juv. 10, 298 et saep.:

    me quidem id multo magis movet, quod mihi est et sanctius antiquius,

    Cic. Att. 12, 19, 4:

    quod apud omnes leve et infirmum est, id apud judicem grave et sanctum esse ducatur?

    id. Rosc. Com. 2, 6; cf.:

    est et sancta et gravis oratio (Calvi),

    Quint. 10, 1, 115; so comp.:

    oratio,

    id. 8, 3, 24:

    genus orationis,

    id. 4, 2, 125:

    eloquentia,

    Tac. Or. 4:

    manus sanctas habere,

    Val. Max. 2, 2, 8:

    sanctissima disciplina (Stoicorum),

    Gell. 1, 2, 7; cf. Lucr. 3, 371. —
    C.
    In eccl. Lat., substt.
    1.
    sanctus, i, m., a saint, holy man:

    sancti tui,

    Vulg. 2 Par. 6, 41:

    omnes sancti ejus,

    id. Psa. 30, 24. —
    2.
    sanctum, i, n., a holy place; esp.:

    sanctum sanctorum,

    Vulg. Exod. 26, 34 et saep.:

    in sancto habitas,

    id. Psa. 21, 4.—Also in plur.:

    sancta sanctorum,

    Vulg. Exod. 40, 11 et saep.: violare sancta, id. Judith, 9, 11. — Adv.: sanctē (acc. to B.), solemnly, conscientiously, scrupulously, religiously, with holy awe, etc.:

    jurare,

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 112; Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 4:

    adjurare,

    Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 27; Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 26:

    nimis sancte pius,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 8; cf.:

    pie sancteque colimus naturam excellentem,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:

    auguste sancteque consecrare,

    id. ib. 2, 24, 62:

    disce verecundo sanctius ore loqui,

    Mart. 8, 1, 2:

    multa sunt severius scripta quam in antiquis legibus et sanctius,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 4, 8:

    se sanctissime gerere,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4, § 13:

    te sancte precor,

    Liv. 2, 10:

    illae (tabulae) servantur sancte,

    scrupulously, religiously, Cic. Rosc. Com. 2, 7; cf.:

    me ea, quae tibi promitto ac recipio, sanctissime esse observaturum,

    id. Fam. 5, 8, 5:

    virgines tam sancte habuit,

    Curt. 3, 12, 21:

    exempla conservatae sanctissime utrobique opinionis,

    Quint. 1, 2, 4:

    apud Sallustium dicta sancte et antique,

    purely, chastely, id. 8, 3, 44.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sanctum

  • 15 socialis

    sŏcĭālis, e, adj. [socius], of or belonging to companionship.
    I.
    In gen., companionable, sociable, social (so not ante-Aug.):

    homo sociale animal,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 1, 8:

    beneficium dare socialis res est,

    id. ib. 5, 11, 4:

    amicitiae,

    App. M. 5, p. 171, 20.—
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    Of or belonging to allies or confederates, allied, confederate (the class. signif. of the word):

    lex,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 5, 18:

    lex judiciumque,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 15:

    foedus,

    Liv. 34, 57:

    exercitus,

    i. e. of the allies, id. 31, 21:

    coetus,

    id. 7, 25:

    equitatus,

    id. 26, 5; so,

    turmae,

    Tac. A. 4, 73:

    copiae (opp. legiones),

    i. e. auxiliaries, id. ib. 12, 31:

    bellum,

    the war of the allies, Liv. Epit. 71 fin.; Flor. 3, 18, 1; Juv. 5, 31:

    cuncta socialia prospere composita,

    the affairs of the allies, Tac. A. 2, 57.—
    B.
    In Ovid several times like conjugialis, of marriage, conjugal, nuptial:

    amor socialis,

    Ov. M. 7, 800;

    (with foedus maritum),

    id. P. 3, 1, 73:

    Livia sic tecum sociales compleat annos,

    id. Tr. 2, 161:

    foedera,

    id. M. 14, 380; id. H. 4, 17:

    torus,

    id. F. 2, 729:

    jura,

    id. Am. 3, 11, 45:

    sacra,

    id. H. 21, 155:

    carmina, i. e. epithalamium,

    id. ib. 12, 139.—Hence, adv.: sŏ-cĭālĭter, socially: non ut de sede secundā Cederet aut quartā socialiter (iambus), for the sake of company (perh. hap. eirêm.), Hor. A. P. 258.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > socialis

  • 16 turpe

    turpis, e, adj. [Sanscr. root tarp-, to be ashamed], ugly, unsightly, unseemly, foul, filthy (class.; esp. freq. in a trop. sense; syn.: taeter, foedus, deformis, obscaenus, immundus).
    I.
    Lit.:

    aspectus deformis atque turpis,

    Cic. Off. 1, 35, 126; Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 125:

    ornatus,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 94; cf.

    infra, II.: vestitus,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 57:

    colores foedā specie,

    Lucr. 2, 421:

    pes,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 102:

    podex,

    id. Epod. 8, 5:

    rana,

    id. ib. 5, 19:

    pecus,

    id. S. 1, 3, 100:

    viri morbo,

    deformed, disfigured, id. C. 1, 37, 9:

    macies,

    id. ib. 3, 27, 53:

    scabies,

    Verg. G. 3, 441:

    podagrae,

    id. ib. 3, 299:

    udo membra flmo,

    i. e. befouled, id. A. 5, 358; cf.

    toral,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 22; Mart. 7, 36, 5; 8, 79, 2.— Sup.: simia quam similis turpissima bestia nobis, Enn. ap. Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 97 (Sat. v. 45 Vahl.)—
    II.
    Transf., of sound, disagreeable, cacophonous:

    si etiam abfugit turpe visum est,

    Cic. Or. 47, 158.—
    III.
    Trop., unseemly, shameful, disgraceful, base, infamous, scandalous, dishonorable (syn.:

    inhonestus, impurus, sordidus, indecorus): pulchrum ornatum turpes mores pejus caeno collinunt,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 133:

    verbum,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 19:

    cum esset proposita aut fuga turpis aut gloriosa mors,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 30, 97:

    mors honesta saepe vitam quoque turpem exornat, at vita turpis saepe ne morti quidem honestae locum relinquit,

    id. Quint. 15, 49:

    adulescentia,

    id. Font. 15, 34:

    causam,

    Auct. Her. 1, 6, 9:

    causa,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 20:

    luxuria cum omni aetati turpis, tum senectuti foedissima est,

    Cic. Off. 1, 34, 123:

    si enim disserunt, nihil esse obscenum, nihil turpe dictu,

    id. Fam. 9, 22, 1:

    neque rogemus res turpes, nec faciamus rogati,

    id. Lael. 12, 40:

    formido mortis,

    id. Rep. 1, 3, 4:

    pars ingentem formidine turpi Scandunt equum,

    Verg. A. 2, 400:

    repulsa,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 43:

    turpem senectam Degere,

    id. C. 1, 31, 19:

    adulter,

    id. ib. 1, 33, 9:

    meretricis amor,

    id. S. 1, 4, 111:

    non turpis ad te, sed miser confugit,

    Cic. Quint. 31, 98; id. Att. 5, 11, 5:

    prodis ex judice Dama Turpis,

    Hor. S. 2, 7, 55:

    sub dominā meretrice turpis,

    id. Ep. 1, 2, 25:

    Egestas,

    Verg. A. 6, 276:

    facta,

    Quint. 1, 2, 2:

    fama,

    Tac. A. 12, 49:

    nihil turpe est, cujus placet pretium,

    Sen. Ep. 95, 33:

    luxus,

    Juv. 6, 298:

    fames,

    Flor. 4, 5, 3:

    foedus,

    Val. Max. 1, 6, 7:

    metus,

    id. 2, 9, 8.— Comp.:

    quid hoc turpius? quid foedius?

    Cic. Phil. 2, 34, 86:

    quid est autem nequius aut turpius effeminato viro?

    id. Tusc. 3, 17, 36:

    nihil est turpius quam cum eo bellum gerere, quocum familiariter vixeris,

    id. Lael. 21, 77; 26, 99; Caes. B. G. 4, 2.— Sup.:

    homo turpissimus atque inhonestissimus,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 18, 50:

    iste omnium turpissimus et sordidissimus,

    id. Att. 9, 9, 3:

    turpissima fuga,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 31: turpissimus calumniae quaestus, Crassus ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 226:

    quod quidem mihi videtur esse turpissimum,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, 12.—
    b.
    As subst.: turpĕ, is, n., a base or shameful thing, a disgrace, shame, reproach:

    nec honesto quicquam honestius, nec turpi turpius,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 27, 75: turpe senex miles, turpe senilis amor. Ov. Am. 1, 9, 4: honesta et turpia virtutis ac malitiae societas efficit, Sen. Ep. 31, 5.— Adv. ( poet.):

    turpe incedere,

    in an unsightly manner, unbecomingly, Cat. 42, 8:

    gemens,

    Stat. Th. 3, 334.—
    c.
    Turpe est, or simply turpe, with a subj.-clause:

    habere quaestui rem publicam, non modo turpe est, sed sceleratum etiam et nefarium,

    Cic. Off. 2, 22, 77:

    quod facere non turpe est, modo, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 35, 127:

    benevolentiam adsentando colligere turpe est,

    id. Lael. 17, 61:

    quid autem turpius quam illudi?

    id. ib. 26, 99; cf. id. ib. 21, 77:

    turpe erit, ingenium mitius esse feris,

    Ov. Am. 1, 10, 26; cf.:

    turpe ducet cedere pari,

    Quint. 1, 2, 22.— Hence, adv.: turpĭter, in an ugly or unsightly manner.
    1.
    Lit. (so rare):

    ut turpiter atrum Desinat in piscem mulier formosa superne,

    Hor. A. P. 3:

    claudicare,

    Ov. Am. 2, 17, 20.—
    2.
    Trop., in an unseemly manner, basely, shamefully, dishonorably (class.):

    turpiter et nequiter facere aliquid,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 17, 36;

    unum illud extimescebam, ne quid turpiter facerem,

    id. Att. 9, 7, 1:

    turpiter se in castra recipere,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 20:

    me turpiter hodie hic dabo,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 24; id. Hec. 4, 4, 2; Cic. Att. 6, 3, 9; 7, 2, 7; id. Mil. 4, 9; Caes. B. G. 7, 80; id. B. C. 3, 24; Auct. B. G. 8, 13; Hor. A. P. 284; Ov. M. 4, 187; Phaedr. 1, 25, 2; Val. Max. 2, 7, 15.— Comp., Ov. Tr. 5, 6, 13.— Sup., Cic. N. D. 1, 12, 29; Sen. Ep. 82, 12.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > turpe

  • 17 turpis

    turpis, e, adj. [Sanscr. root tarp-, to be ashamed], ugly, unsightly, unseemly, foul, filthy (class.; esp. freq. in a trop. sense; syn.: taeter, foedus, deformis, obscaenus, immundus).
    I.
    Lit.:

    aspectus deformis atque turpis,

    Cic. Off. 1, 35, 126; Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 125:

    ornatus,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 94; cf.

    infra, II.: vestitus,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 57:

    colores foedā specie,

    Lucr. 2, 421:

    pes,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 102:

    podex,

    id. Epod. 8, 5:

    rana,

    id. ib. 5, 19:

    pecus,

    id. S. 1, 3, 100:

    viri morbo,

    deformed, disfigured, id. C. 1, 37, 9:

    macies,

    id. ib. 3, 27, 53:

    scabies,

    Verg. G. 3, 441:

    podagrae,

    id. ib. 3, 299:

    udo membra flmo,

    i. e. befouled, id. A. 5, 358; cf.

    toral,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 22; Mart. 7, 36, 5; 8, 79, 2.— Sup.: simia quam similis turpissima bestia nobis, Enn. ap. Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 97 (Sat. v. 45 Vahl.)—
    II.
    Transf., of sound, disagreeable, cacophonous:

    si etiam abfugit turpe visum est,

    Cic. Or. 47, 158.—
    III.
    Trop., unseemly, shameful, disgraceful, base, infamous, scandalous, dishonorable (syn.:

    inhonestus, impurus, sordidus, indecorus): pulchrum ornatum turpes mores pejus caeno collinunt,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 133:

    verbum,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 19:

    cum esset proposita aut fuga turpis aut gloriosa mors,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 30, 97:

    mors honesta saepe vitam quoque turpem exornat, at vita turpis saepe ne morti quidem honestae locum relinquit,

    id. Quint. 15, 49:

    adulescentia,

    id. Font. 15, 34:

    causam,

    Auct. Her. 1, 6, 9:

    causa,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 20:

    luxuria cum omni aetati turpis, tum senectuti foedissima est,

    Cic. Off. 1, 34, 123:

    si enim disserunt, nihil esse obscenum, nihil turpe dictu,

    id. Fam. 9, 22, 1:

    neque rogemus res turpes, nec faciamus rogati,

    id. Lael. 12, 40:

    formido mortis,

    id. Rep. 1, 3, 4:

    pars ingentem formidine turpi Scandunt equum,

    Verg. A. 2, 400:

    repulsa,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 43:

    turpem senectam Degere,

    id. C. 1, 31, 19:

    adulter,

    id. ib. 1, 33, 9:

    meretricis amor,

    id. S. 1, 4, 111:

    non turpis ad te, sed miser confugit,

    Cic. Quint. 31, 98; id. Att. 5, 11, 5:

    prodis ex judice Dama Turpis,

    Hor. S. 2, 7, 55:

    sub dominā meretrice turpis,

    id. Ep. 1, 2, 25:

    Egestas,

    Verg. A. 6, 276:

    facta,

    Quint. 1, 2, 2:

    fama,

    Tac. A. 12, 49:

    nihil turpe est, cujus placet pretium,

    Sen. Ep. 95, 33:

    luxus,

    Juv. 6, 298:

    fames,

    Flor. 4, 5, 3:

    foedus,

    Val. Max. 1, 6, 7:

    metus,

    id. 2, 9, 8.— Comp.:

    quid hoc turpius? quid foedius?

    Cic. Phil. 2, 34, 86:

    quid est autem nequius aut turpius effeminato viro?

    id. Tusc. 3, 17, 36:

    nihil est turpius quam cum eo bellum gerere, quocum familiariter vixeris,

    id. Lael. 21, 77; 26, 99; Caes. B. G. 4, 2.— Sup.:

    homo turpissimus atque inhonestissimus,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 18, 50:

    iste omnium turpissimus et sordidissimus,

    id. Att. 9, 9, 3:

    turpissima fuga,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 31: turpissimus calumniae quaestus, Crassus ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 226:

    quod quidem mihi videtur esse turpissimum,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, 12.—
    b.
    As subst.: turpĕ, is, n., a base or shameful thing, a disgrace, shame, reproach:

    nec honesto quicquam honestius, nec turpi turpius,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 27, 75: turpe senex miles, turpe senilis amor. Ov. Am. 1, 9, 4: honesta et turpia virtutis ac malitiae societas efficit, Sen. Ep. 31, 5.— Adv. ( poet.):

    turpe incedere,

    in an unsightly manner, unbecomingly, Cat. 42, 8:

    gemens,

    Stat. Th. 3, 334.—
    c.
    Turpe est, or simply turpe, with a subj.-clause:

    habere quaestui rem publicam, non modo turpe est, sed sceleratum etiam et nefarium,

    Cic. Off. 2, 22, 77:

    quod facere non turpe est, modo, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 35, 127:

    benevolentiam adsentando colligere turpe est,

    id. Lael. 17, 61:

    quid autem turpius quam illudi?

    id. ib. 26, 99; cf. id. ib. 21, 77:

    turpe erit, ingenium mitius esse feris,

    Ov. Am. 1, 10, 26; cf.:

    turpe ducet cedere pari,

    Quint. 1, 2, 22.— Hence, adv.: turpĭter, in an ugly or unsightly manner.
    1.
    Lit. (so rare):

    ut turpiter atrum Desinat in piscem mulier formosa superne,

    Hor. A. P. 3:

    claudicare,

    Ov. Am. 2, 17, 20.—
    2.
    Trop., in an unseemly manner, basely, shamefully, dishonorably (class.):

    turpiter et nequiter facere aliquid,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 17, 36;

    unum illud extimescebam, ne quid turpiter facerem,

    id. Att. 9, 7, 1:

    turpiter se in castra recipere,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 20:

    me turpiter hodie hic dabo,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 24; id. Hec. 4, 4, 2; Cic. Att. 6, 3, 9; 7, 2, 7; id. Mil. 4, 9; Caes. B. G. 7, 80; id. B. C. 3, 24; Auct. B. G. 8, 13; Hor. A. P. 284; Ov. M. 4, 187; Phaedr. 1, 25, 2; Val. Max. 2, 7, 15.— Comp., Ov. Tr. 5, 6, 13.— Sup., Cic. N. D. 1, 12, 29; Sen. Ep. 82, 12.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > turpis

  • 18 ascīscō (ad-sc-)

        ascīscō (ad-sc-) scīvī, scītus, ere,    to take to oneself, adopt, accept: leges: aliā (civitate) ascitā, by accepting citizenship elsewhere, N.: si non esset (civis), asciscendum fuisse, ought to be made one: socios sibi ad bellum, Cs.: in civitatem et patres, L.: inter patricios, Ta.: alqm civem: (Aenean) generum urbi, V.: superis ascitus Caesar, O.— To associate with oneself, take into association, accept, win over: alquem ad sceleris foedus: homines, S.: voluntarios ad spem praedae, L.: Spem Aetolum in armis, in the alliance, V.—To receive, take, appropriate, adopt, approve: sacra a Graecis: Coroniden sacris urbis, add by adoption, O.: ritūs, L.: nova verba, H.: vacuitatem doloris, to seek as a good. — To claim, aspire to, lay claim to: imperium, L.: mihi sapientiam.

    Latin-English dictionary > ascīscō (ad-sc-)

  • 19 caelum

        caelum ī, n    [2 CAV-], the sky, heaven, heavens, vault of heaven: caelum terra mariaque: quod tegit omnia caelum, O.: aliquod caeli signum, sign, constellation: in caelo regere, H.: portae de caelo tactae, struck by lightning, L.: caelum terramque miscere (of violent winds), V.: de caelo demissis, i. e. of divine descent, L.: albente caelo, at break of day, Cs.: vesperascente caelo, in the evening twilight, N. — In augury: de caelo servare, to observe the signs of heaven: de caelo fieri (of celestial signs), to appear.—Provv.: quid si nunc caelum ruat? (of a vain fear), T.: delabi caelo, to drop from the sky (of sudden good-fortune): caelum ac terras miscere, to throw everything into confusion, L.: findere caelum aratro (of an impossibility), O.—In a play on the name Caelius: caeli spatium, the breadth of the sky (or of the grave of Caelius), V. — A sky, clime, zone, region: caelum, sub quo natus essem, L.: Caelum non animum mutare, H.—The air, sky, atmosphere, temperature, climate, weather: foedus annus intemperie caeli, L.: caeli spiritus iucundus: caeli morem praediscere, V.: ducere animam de caelo, the open air: Germania aspera caelo, Ta.: salubre: serenum, V.: palustre, L.: foedum imbribus, Ta.—Fig., of well-being, heaven, the height of honor, prosperity, happiness: Caesar fertur in caelum, praised to the skies: vos ad caelum efferre rumore secundo, H.: collegam de caelo detraxisti, deprived of his position: in caelo sum, i. e. very happy: caelum accepisse fatebor, O. — Of things: omnia, quae tu in caelum ferebas, extolled.
    * * *
    I
    heaven, sky, heavens; space; air, climate, weather; universe, world; Jehovah
    II
    chisel; engraving tool; burin

    Latin-English dictionary > caelum

  • 20 cēnseō

        cēnseō cēnsuī, cēnsus, ēre,    to tax, assess, rate, estimate: censores populi aevitates: censento: ne absens censeare: milia octoginta civium censa dicuntur, L.: quid se vivere, quid in parte civium censeri, si, etc., L.: census equestrem Summam nummorum, assessed with a knight's estate, H.: milites scribere, capite censos, assessed for their persons, i. e. paying only a poll-tax, S.: frequentia convenit censendi causā, to attend the census: arbitrium formulae censendi, the scheme for taking the census, L.: sintne illa praedia censui censendo, subject to the census.—Of a province: quinto quoque anno Sicilia tota censetur.—With the person assessed as subject, to value, make a return: in quā tribu ista praedia censuisti?: Est inter comites Marcia censa suas, is assessed for, i. e. counts as one, O. — In gen., to value, estimate, weigh: si censenda nobis res sit: auxilio vos dignos censet senatus, L.—To esteem, appreciate, value: ut maneat, de quo censeris, amicus, for whose sake, O.: unā adhuc victoriā Metius censebatur, Ta. — Of senators, to be of opinion, propose, vote, move, give judgment, argue, insist, urge: Dic, inquit ei (rex), quid censes? tum ille... censeo, etc., I move, L.: ita censeo decernendum: Appius imperio consulari rem agendam censebat, L.: eas leges omnīs censeo per vim latas: qui censet eos... morte esse multandos: sententia quae censebat reddenda bona, L.: de eā re ita censeo, uti consules dent operam uti, etc.: censeo ut iis... ne sit ea res fraudi, si, etc.: qui censebat ut Pompeius proficisceretur, Cs.: Fabius censuit... occuparent patres suum munus facere, L. — Ironic.: vereamini censeo ne... nimis aliquid severe statuisse videamini, i. e. of course, you will not be afraid, etc.: misereamini censeo, I advise you to be merciful, S. — Ellipt.: dic quid censes (i. e. decernendum), L.: senati decretum fit, sicut ille censuerat, S.— Of the Senate, to resolve, decree: cuius supplicio senatus sollemnīs religiones expiandas saepe censuit: senatus Caelium ab re p. removendum censuit, Cs.: quae bona reddi antea censuerant (i. e. reddenda), L.: nuntient, velle et censere eos ab armis discedere, etc., S.: ita censuerunt uti consui rem p. defenderet: cum vero id senatus frequens censuisset (sc. faciendum): bellum Samnitibus et patres censuerunt et populus iussit, against the Samnites, L.—To resolve, be of opinion, determine, decide, vote, propose, suggest, advise: erant qui censerent in castra Cornelia recedendum, Cs.: nunc surgendum censeo, I move we adjourn: ego ita censeo, legatos Romam mittendos, L.: neque eum locum quem ceperant, dimitti censuerant oportere, Cs.: Hasdrubal ultimam Hispaniae oram ignaram esse... censebat, believed, L.: censeo ut satis diu te putes requiesse: plerique censebant ut noctu iter facerent, Cs. — Ellipt.: sententiis quarum pars deditionem, pars eruptionem censebat (i. e. faciendam), Cs.: ita uti censuerant Italici, deditionem facit, S. — Of commands: non tam imperavi quam censui sumptūs decernendos, etc., said, not as an order, but as an opinion that, etc.: ita id (foedus) ratum fore si populus censuisset, L.—Of advice: idem tibi censeo faciendum: si videbitur, ita censeo facias ut, etc.: Quam scit uterque libens censebo exerceat artem, H.: ibi quaeratis socios censeo, ubi Saguntina clades ignota est, L.: ita faciam ut frater censuit, T.: Disce, docendus adhuc, quae censet amiculus, H.—Ironic.: si qua putes... magnopere censeo desistas, I strongly advise you to give up that idea.—Of opinions and views, to be of opinion, think, believe, hold: Plato mundum esse factum censet a deo sempiternum: nemini censebat fore dubium quin, etc.: sunt qui nullum censeant fieri discessum: oportere delubra esse in urbibus censeo.—Ellipt.: si, Mimnermus uti censet, sine amore iocisque Nil est iucundum, H.—In gen., to judge, think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect: Quid te futurum censes? T.: neque vendundam censeo Quae libera est, T.: eo omnem belli molem inclinaturam censebant, L.: Caesar maturandum sibi censuit, thought he ought (i. e. resolved) to hasten, Cs.: impudens postulatio visa est, censere... ipsos id (bellum) advertere in se, to imagine, L.: Qui aequom esse censeant, nos a pueris ilico nasci senes, imagine that we ought to be, T.: civīs civibus parcere aequum censebat, N. —In questions, censes? Do you think, do you suppose? continuo dari Tibi verba censes? T.: adeone me delirare censes ut ista esse credam?: quid censes munera terrae?... Quo spectanda modo? H.: An censemus? Are we to suppose?—Ellipt.: quid illum censes? (sc. facere?) T.—Absol., as an approving answer: Ph. ego rus ibo... Pa. Censeo, T.: recte dicit, censeo, T.
    * * *
    I
    censere, censui, censitus V TRANS
    think/suppose, judge; recommend; decree, vote, determine; count/reckon; assess
    II
    censere, censui, census V TRANS
    think/suppose, judge; recommend; decree, vote, determine; count/reckon; assess

    Latin-English dictionary > cēnseō

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  • foedus — ▪ treaty plural  foedera         treaty or compact contracted by ancient Rome with one or more allied states (foederati). The treaty contained various conditions establishing permanent friendly relations between the contracting parties. A foedus… …   Universalium

  • Foedus — Fœdus Le fœdus (alliance ou pacte en latin) est un traité passé entre l Empire romain et une cité ou un peuple étranger, qui prend alors le statut de cité fédérée ou de peuple fédéré . Le mot fœdus dérive du mot latin fides, qui désigne la bonne… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Foedus — მე 16 და მე 17 საუკუნეებში ფედერალიზმის ცნების განვითარებაში დიდი როლი შეასრულა ფედერალურმა თეოლოგიამ.8 ფედერალური თეოლოგია, უწინარეს ყოვლისა, არის რეფორმაციის, უფრო სწორად, მისი რადიკალური მიმართულების შვილი (თუმცა მას უფრო ღრმა იდეოლოგიური… …   Georgian encyclopedia

  • Foedus Cassianum — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Según la tradición romana, el Foedus Cassianum o Tratado de Cassius fue un tratado que formó una alianza entre la República romana y la Liga Latina en 493 a. C. tras la Batalla del Lago Regilo. Este tratado terminó… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Foedus Cassianum — According to Roman tradition, the Foedus Cassianum, or the Treaty of Cassius, was a treaty which formed an alliance between the Roman Republic and the Latin League in 493 BC after the Battle of Lake Regillus. It ended the war between the Latin… …   Wikipedia

  • Foedus Cassianum — Das Foedus Cassianum (deutsch „cassischer Vertrag“) war ein Vertrag zwischen der römischen Republik und den Latinern, der vermutlich im Jahre 370 v. Chr. geschlossen wurde. Nach der antiken Auffassung wurde der Vertrag, der noch zur Zeit Ciceros… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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