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without+knowledge

  • 21 sententia

        sententia ae, f    [SENT-], a way of thinking, opinion, judgment, sentiment, thought, notion, purpose, determination, decision, will, desire: de hac re eius sententia, T.: sententiae atque opinionis meae volui esse participes: adhuc in hac sum sententiā, ut, etc.: variis dictis sententiis, quarum pars censebant, etc., Cs.: locos ac sententias huius disputationis tradere, extracts and leading thoughts: si honestatem tueri ac retinere sententia est, if one's purpose be: stat sententia tradere, etc., she is resolved, O.: sic stat sententia, O.: de cognatorum sententiā manu missi, according to the wish: de omnium sententiā pronuntiatum, unanimously: quod quem umquam de suā sententiā facere ausum? on his own responsibility, L.—Prov.: Quot homines, tot sententiae, many men, many minds, T.—Abl. with pron poss. or genit.: errat longe meā quidem sententiā, in my judgment, T.— With ex: Istuc tibi ex sententiā tuā obtigisse laetor, to your satisfaction, T.: ex meā sententiā rem p. gessimus, as I wished: evenisse ex sententiā? satisfactorily, T.: ex sententiā navigasse, prosperously.—Esp., in taking an oath: (maiores) iurare ex sui animi sententiā quemque voluerunt, to the best of his knowledge and belief, i. e. conscientiously: ex mei animi sententiā, inquit, ut non deseram, etc., without mental reservation, L.: Ex tui animi sententiā tu uxorem habes? Non hercule, inquit, ex mei animi sententiā, in all sincerity...? no, not to suit me.—An official determination, decision, sentence, judgment, vote: quos priores sententiam rogabat: factum est senatūs consultum in meam sententiam: decerni cunctis sententiis, unanimously: victos paucis sententiis, by a small majority, L.: meae partes exquirendae magis sententiae quam dandae sunt, i. e. my office is to put the question rather than to vote, L.: in eam sententiam ire, to support the resolution, L.: omnibus sententiis absolvi (in a conference of judges): sententiam dicere, pronounce judgment. —Sense, meaning, intent, signification, idea, notion: oratione quam sententiā lenior, in language than in meaning: quod dicitur habet hanc, ut opinor, sententiam: cuius praecepti tanta vis, tanta sententia est, ut, etc., such depth of meaning.—A thought expressed, sentence, period: dum de singulis sententiis breviter disputo: Est brevitate opus, ut currat sententia, etc., H.— An aphorism, apophthegm, maxim, axiom, saying: selectae brevesque sententiae: sapientibus sententiis ornata oratio.
    * * *
    opinion, feeling, way of thinking; thought, meaning, sentence/period; purpose

    Latin-English dictionary > sententia

  • 22 calam

    clam (old access. form callim, or, acc. to Cod. Gu. 1, calam, Paul. ex Fest. p. 47, 3 Müll.) [root cal-; cf.: calix, celo, cella, occulo, caligo], adv. and prep., secretly, privately; and in the predicate after sum and fore, hidden, secret, unknown (opp. palam; except once in Caes., v. II. infra; in class. prose only used as adv.).
    I.
    Adv.
    A.
    In gen.: clamque palamque, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (247 Vahl.): ignis mortalibus clam Divisus, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 10, 23:

    mea nunc facinora aperiuntur, clam quae speravi fore,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 21; cf. Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 46; Lucr. 5, 1157:

    nec id clam esse potuit,

    Liv. 5, 36, 6: clam mordax canis (Gr. lathrodêktês kuôn), Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 27; cf. Amm. 15, 3, 5; Ter. And. 2, 6, 13; Cat. 21, 5; cf. Ov. Am. 3, 14, 8:

    clam peperit uxor,

    Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 15:

    hanc tu mihi vel vi, vel clam, vel precario Fac tradas (a jurid. formula),

    id. Eun. 2, 3, 28; cf. Cic. Caecin. 32, 92:

    qui propter avaritiam clam depositum non reddidit,

    id. Tusc. 3, 8, 17:

    clam mussitantes,

    Liv. 33, 31, 1; Suet. Tib. 6:

    praemissis confestim clam cohortibus,

    id. Caes. 31; id. Ner. 34:

    ille Sychaeum Clam ferro incautum superat,

    stealthily, Verg. A. 1, 350:

    nec dic quid doleas, clam tamen usque dole,

    Ov. R. Am. 694:

    cui te commisit alendum Clam,

    id. M. 13, 432; cf. id. ib. 14, 310 al.—
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    With advv.; with furtim, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 49;

    with furtive,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 61;

    with occulte,

    Plin. 36, 2, 2, § 6; poet. with tacitus:

    tacito clam venit illa pede, and similar words,

    Tib. 1, 10, 34; 4, 6, 16; cf.:

    strepito nullo clam reserare fores,

    id. 1, 8, 60; opp. palam, Enn. l. l.; Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 63; Cic. Cael. 9, 20; id. Rosc. Am. 8, 23; id. Fam. 1, 1, 4; Tib. 2, 1, 84; Suet. Caes. 80; id. Dom. 2;

    and opp. propalam,

    Suet. Ner. 22.—
    2.
    With gen.:

    res exulatum at illam clam abibat patris,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 43 Ritschl (cf. lathrê Laomedontos, Hom. Il. 5, 269).—
    3.
    Clam est, with subj.-clause (cf. II. B. infra):

    meretricem commoneri Quam sane magni referat, nil clam'st,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 9.—
    II.
    Prep., without the knowledge of, unknown to, constr. with abl. or acc.
    (α).
    With abl. (only in the two foll. passages; for Plaut. Merc. 3, 2, 2; 4, 6, 5; id. Curc. 1, 3, 17; id. Am. prol. 107 al., where the abl. formerly stood with clam, have been corrected by Ritschl and recent edd.; v. Speng. ad Ter. And. 1, 5, 52;

    but cf. Ussing ad Plaut. Curc. l.l.): nec clam durateus Trojanis Pergama partu Inflammasset equos,

    Lucr. 1, 476 Munro ad loc.:

    non sibi clam vobis salutem fuga petivit?

    Caes. B. C. 2, 32.—
    (β).
    With acc.:

    clam uxorem,

    Plaut. As. Grex. 1; id. Cas. prol. 54: clam uxorem et clam filium, [p. 348] id. Merc. 3, 2, 2:

    matrem,

    id. Mil. 2, 1, 34:

    patrem,

    id. Merc. 2, 3, 8; 3, 4, 75; id. Truc. 2, 1, 37 Speng.; Gell. 2, 23, 16:

    senem,

    Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 13:

    uxorem,

    id. Cas. 2, 8, 32; id. As. Grex. 5; id. Men. 1, 2, 43; 5, 9, 78; id. Merc. 4, 6, 3 Ritschl:

    virum,

    id. Cas. 2, 2, 28; id. Am. prol. 107:

    clam alter alterum,

    id. Cas. prol. 51:

    illum,

    id. Merc. 2, 3, 26:

    omnīs,

    id. Aul. prol. 7:

    clam praesidia Pompeii, Auct. B. Hisp. 3: clam quemdam Philonem,

    id. ib. 35:

    nostros,

    id. ib. 16:

    dominum,

    Dig. 9, 2, 27, § 14:

    haec clam me omnia,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 46.—
    B.
    Clam me est, it is unknown to me, I know not (only in Plaut. and Ter.):

    neque adeo clam me est,

    Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 19:

    haud clam me est,

    id. ib. 3, 4, 10; so id. ib. 4, 1, 53;

    4, 2, 1: nec clam te est, quam, etc.,

    id. And. 1, 5, 52.—
    * C.
    Clam habere aliquem = celare aliquem, to keep secret from one, conceal from, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 35; cf. Prisc. p. 988 P.; Pomp. Comm. Art. Don. p. 399.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > calam

  • 23 callim

    clam (old access. form callim, or, acc. to Cod. Gu. 1, calam, Paul. ex Fest. p. 47, 3 Müll.) [root cal-; cf.: calix, celo, cella, occulo, caligo], adv. and prep., secretly, privately; and in the predicate after sum and fore, hidden, secret, unknown (opp. palam; except once in Caes., v. II. infra; in class. prose only used as adv.).
    I.
    Adv.
    A.
    In gen.: clamque palamque, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (247 Vahl.): ignis mortalibus clam Divisus, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 10, 23:

    mea nunc facinora aperiuntur, clam quae speravi fore,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 21; cf. Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 46; Lucr. 5, 1157:

    nec id clam esse potuit,

    Liv. 5, 36, 6: clam mordax canis (Gr. lathrodêktês kuôn), Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 27; cf. Amm. 15, 3, 5; Ter. And. 2, 6, 13; Cat. 21, 5; cf. Ov. Am. 3, 14, 8:

    clam peperit uxor,

    Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 15:

    hanc tu mihi vel vi, vel clam, vel precario Fac tradas (a jurid. formula),

    id. Eun. 2, 3, 28; cf. Cic. Caecin. 32, 92:

    qui propter avaritiam clam depositum non reddidit,

    id. Tusc. 3, 8, 17:

    clam mussitantes,

    Liv. 33, 31, 1; Suet. Tib. 6:

    praemissis confestim clam cohortibus,

    id. Caes. 31; id. Ner. 34:

    ille Sychaeum Clam ferro incautum superat,

    stealthily, Verg. A. 1, 350:

    nec dic quid doleas, clam tamen usque dole,

    Ov. R. Am. 694:

    cui te commisit alendum Clam,

    id. M. 13, 432; cf. id. ib. 14, 310 al.—
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    With advv.; with furtim, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 49;

    with furtive,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 61;

    with occulte,

    Plin. 36, 2, 2, § 6; poet. with tacitus:

    tacito clam venit illa pede, and similar words,

    Tib. 1, 10, 34; 4, 6, 16; cf.:

    strepito nullo clam reserare fores,

    id. 1, 8, 60; opp. palam, Enn. l. l.; Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 63; Cic. Cael. 9, 20; id. Rosc. Am. 8, 23; id. Fam. 1, 1, 4; Tib. 2, 1, 84; Suet. Caes. 80; id. Dom. 2;

    and opp. propalam,

    Suet. Ner. 22.—
    2.
    With gen.:

    res exulatum at illam clam abibat patris,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 43 Ritschl (cf. lathrê Laomedontos, Hom. Il. 5, 269).—
    3.
    Clam est, with subj.-clause (cf. II. B. infra):

    meretricem commoneri Quam sane magni referat, nil clam'st,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 9.—
    II.
    Prep., without the knowledge of, unknown to, constr. with abl. or acc.
    (α).
    With abl. (only in the two foll. passages; for Plaut. Merc. 3, 2, 2; 4, 6, 5; id. Curc. 1, 3, 17; id. Am. prol. 107 al., where the abl. formerly stood with clam, have been corrected by Ritschl and recent edd.; v. Speng. ad Ter. And. 1, 5, 52;

    but cf. Ussing ad Plaut. Curc. l.l.): nec clam durateus Trojanis Pergama partu Inflammasset equos,

    Lucr. 1, 476 Munro ad loc.:

    non sibi clam vobis salutem fuga petivit?

    Caes. B. C. 2, 32.—
    (β).
    With acc.:

    clam uxorem,

    Plaut. As. Grex. 1; id. Cas. prol. 54: clam uxorem et clam filium, [p. 348] id. Merc. 3, 2, 2:

    matrem,

    id. Mil. 2, 1, 34:

    patrem,

    id. Merc. 2, 3, 8; 3, 4, 75; id. Truc. 2, 1, 37 Speng.; Gell. 2, 23, 16:

    senem,

    Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 13:

    uxorem,

    id. Cas. 2, 8, 32; id. As. Grex. 5; id. Men. 1, 2, 43; 5, 9, 78; id. Merc. 4, 6, 3 Ritschl:

    virum,

    id. Cas. 2, 2, 28; id. Am. prol. 107:

    clam alter alterum,

    id. Cas. prol. 51:

    illum,

    id. Merc. 2, 3, 26:

    omnīs,

    id. Aul. prol. 7:

    clam praesidia Pompeii, Auct. B. Hisp. 3: clam quemdam Philonem,

    id. ib. 35:

    nostros,

    id. ib. 16:

    dominum,

    Dig. 9, 2, 27, § 14:

    haec clam me omnia,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 46.—
    B.
    Clam me est, it is unknown to me, I know not (only in Plaut. and Ter.):

    neque adeo clam me est,

    Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 19:

    haud clam me est,

    id. ib. 3, 4, 10; so id. ib. 4, 1, 53;

    4, 2, 1: nec clam te est, quam, etc.,

    id. And. 1, 5, 52.—
    * C.
    Clam habere aliquem = celare aliquem, to keep secret from one, conceal from, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 35; cf. Prisc. p. 988 P.; Pomp. Comm. Art. Don. p. 399.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > callim

  • 24 certus

    certus, a, um [orig. P. a. from cerno; hence], adj., determined, resolved, fixed, settled, purposed: non dubius.
    I.
    (Acc. to cerno, II. D.) Certum est (mihi), it is determined, it is my ( thy, his, etc.) decision, resolution, will, I am resolved, I mean, etc. (mostly ante-class.; most freq. in Plaut.); with inf.: quorum virtuti belli Fortuna pepercit, Eorundem me libertati parcere certum est, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 206 Vahl.):

    certum'st hominem eludere,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 109:

    tibi credere,

    id. Aul. 4, 9, 7; cf. id. Capt. 3, 1, 32; id. Curc. 2, 1, 1; id. Cas. 2, 4, 15; id. Cist. 3, 1, 16; id. Ep. 5, 1, 57; id. Bacch. 5, 2, 37; id. Most. 1, 3, 80; id. Men. 5, 6, 12; id. Mil. 2, 3, 32; id. Merc. 3, 1, 7; id. Ps. 1, 5, 138; id. Poen. 5, 5, 25; id. Pers. 2, 2, 39; id. Rud. 3, 3, 22; id. Stich. 5, 4, 2; id. Trin. 2, 1, 34; id. Truc. 2, 6, 68; Ter. And. 2, 1, 11; id. Eun. 1, 2, 108: certum est deliberatumque, quae ad causam pertinere arbitror, omnia dicere, Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 31:

    certum atque decretum est non dare signum,

    Liv. 2, 45, 13:

    certum est igni circumdare muros,

    Verg. A. 9, 153.—Certum'st mihi with inf., Plaut. As. 1, 3, 94; 3, 3, 23; id. Cas. 1, 1, 3; id. Mil. 3, 1, 154; id. Ps. 4, 8, 2; Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 144; Liv. 35, 46, 13; Ov. M. 9, 53 al.—Without inf., esp. parenthet., with expression of purpose by a fut. tense:

    certum est, malam rem potius quaeram cum lucro,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 15:

    certum est, jam dicam patri,

    id. Bacch. 3, 1, 15:

    certum est, ibo ad medicum,

    id. Merc. 2, 4, 4: An. Certumn' est tibi? Ly. Certum, id. Poen. 2, 48; cf. id. Stich. 4, 2, 33.—With pron. or subst.: Ar. Certumne'st tibi istuc? He. Non moriri certius, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 74;

    so further with istuc,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 20; Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 30:

    mihi autem abjurare certius est quam dependere,

    Cic. Att. 1, 8, 3:

    ad eum senem oppugnare certum est consilium,

    Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 60:

    quae nunc sunt certa ei consilia, etc.,

    Ter. And. 2, 3, 16:

    certa res hanc est objurgare,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 73; so id. Merc. 5, 2, 16; id. Mil. 2, 4, 45; Ter. And. 2, 2, 31; Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 16.—
    b.
    (From the time of the Aug. poets.) Transf. to the person who is determined upon something, determined, resolved, bent.
    (α).
    With inf.:

    certa mori,

    Verg. A. 4, 564 (cf. id. ib. 4, 475:

    decrevitque mori): certi non cedere,

    Ov. M. 9, 43:

    certa sequi,

    Val. Fl. 5, 47.—
    (β).
    With gen. (cf. Ramsh. Gr. p. 323; Zumpt, Gr. § 437, n. 1;

    A. and S. § 213, R. 1): certus eundi,

    Verg. A. 4, 554; Ov. M. 11, 440:

    desciscendi,

    Tac. H. 4, 14:

    relinquendae vitae,

    id. A. 4, 34:

    necis,

    Sil. 6, 27:

    fugae,

    Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 12:

    destinationis,

    Tac. A. 12, 32:

    sceleris,

    id. ib. 12, 66:

    consilii,

    id. H. 2, 46.—
    (γ).
    With an:

    nec sat certa an cederet armis,

    Sil. 9, 480.—
    II.
    An epithet of all those objects whose existence or reality is fixed, determined (hence in connection with definitus, Quint. 7, 10, 7;

    with praefinitus,

    Suet. Galb. 14), or in respect to which there can be no doubt (hence opp. dubius, Quint. 7, 6, 3; 5, 12, 3; 12, 3, 6 al.).
    A.
    Object.
    1.
    Of things whose external qualities, number, etc., are invariable, established, settled, fixed, particular, specified, etc. (class.):

    Arboribus primum certis gravis umbra tributa,

    Lucr. 6, 783:

    fruges, bacae,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19:

    jam ad certas res conficiendas certos homines delectos ac descriptos habebat,

    id. Cat. 3, 7, 16:

    concilium in diem certam indicere,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 30 fin.;

    so with dies,

    a fixed term, Cato, R. R. 149, 1; Cic. Att. 6, 2, 9; Nep. Chabr. 3, 1; Liv. 1, 50, 1; Tac. G. 9 al.; cf.:

    certis diebus,

    Verg. G. 2, 329:

    quaerere ab judicibus cur in certa verba jurent, cur certo tempore conveniant, certo discedant,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 45, 132; cf. Suet. Aug. 41:

    certum praefinitumque tempus,

    id. Galb. 14; and:

    certum statumque vectigal,

    id. Calig. 40:

    pecunia (opp. arbitraria), v. arbitrarius: finis aerumnarum,

    Lucr. 1, 108; cf. id. 2, 512; 8, 1091; Hor. S. 1, 1, 106; id. Ep. 1, 2, 56:

    locus,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 1, 6:

    numerus,

    id. ib. 7, 75:

    signum,

    fixed, agreed upon, id. B. C. 1, 27:

    naves,

    fixed in number and quality, id. ib. 1, 56:

    pecuniae imperabantur,

    id. ib. 3, 32 fin.:

    conviva,

    i. e. a daily, constant guest, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 75 Schmid:

    ecquem tu illo certiorem nebulonem,

    Cic. Att. 15, 21, 2.—
    b.
    But sometimes indef., like quidam, and our certain, of things, the certainty of whose existence is given, but whose nature is not more definitely designated, or comes not into consideration (cf. aliquis):

    Cephaloedi mensis est certus, quo mense sacerdotem maximum creari oporteat,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 128:

    habet certos sui studiosos,

    id. Brut. 16, 64:

    (hunc) certis rebus imperatis regnare jussit,

    id. Sest. 27, 58:

    certi homines ad eam rem periti,

    id. ib. 18, 41:

    res a certis hominibus corrupta,

    id. Fam. 1, 2, 3; 4, 9, 2; 16, 11, 2; id. Marcell. 6, 16; id. Deiot. 4, 11; Liv. 34, 61, 7.—Hence in Quint. several times in connection with quidam and aliquis:

    ad certas quasdam dicendi leges alligati,

    Quint. 8, prooem. § 2; so id. 8, prooem. § 12; 4, 2, 28; 5, 10, 2; 5, 10, 5; 9, 4, 8;

    11, 2, 28: aliquos compositionis certos pedes,

    id. 10, 2, 13; so id. 7, prooem. § 4; and subst.:

    in his certos aliquos docebit,

    id. 2, 8, 13.—
    2.
    Trop., of things whose internal moral qualities are established, fixed, can be relied upon, sure, unerring, to be depended upon, true, faithful, [p. 321] etc. (so most freq. in all periods and species of composition; syn.: firmus, confirmatus, exploratus, indubitatus, manifestus al.).
    a.
    Of persons: amicus certus in re incertā cernitur, Enn. ap. Cic. Lael. 17, 64; cf.:

    tu ex amicis certis mi es certissimus,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 57:

    certi homines, quibus dem litteras,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 1; cf. id. Cat. 3, 7, 16; Nep. Paus. 2, 4; id. Alcib. 10, 1; Cic. Rosc. Am. 19, 53; id. Verr. 2, 2, 64, § 156:

    certus enim promisit Apollo, etc.,

    Hor. C. 1, 7, 28:

    auctor (mortis),

    Quint. 6, 3, 68; cf. Suet. Tib. 5:

    adversus hostem nec spe nec animo certiorem, i. e. firmiorem,

    Liv. 10, 35, 17: apud latera certos collocaverat, Sall. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 576 (H. 1, 53 Dietsch); cf. Nep. Dion, 9, 2:

    per litora certos dimittam,

    Verg. A. 1, 576:

    certissimus auctor (Phoebus),

    id. G. 1, 432.—
    b.
    Of things:

    satis animo certo et confirmato,

    Cic. Quint. 24, 77; cf.

    pectora,

    Verg. A. 9, 249, and certior indoles, Suet. Ner. 10:

    promissa,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 12, 1:

    parata dicendi copia et certa,

    Quint. 10, 6, 6; id. 6, prooem. §

    9: jus,

    id. 12, 3, 6 et saep.:

    jactus (telorum),

    Tac. A. 14, 37; cf.

    in this sense certa hasta,

    Verg. A. 11, 767:

    sagitta,

    Hor. C. 1, 12, 23:

    fides segetis,

    id. ib. 3, 16, 30:

    spes,

    id. C. S. 74:

    trames,

    id. S. 2, 3, 49:

    lar,

    id. Ep. 1, 7, 58 al.:

    plana et certa,

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 1:

    certa et clara,

    Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 1 Ruhnk.; so Liv. 22, 39, 22; cf. Hor. S. 2, 6, 27.—Subst., with gen.:

    certa maris,

    Tac. H. 4, 81.—
    B.
    Subject., of that which is established by evidence, etc., placed beyond doubt, certain, sure, true, proved, established (class.; esp. freq. in neutr.):

    cum ad has suspitiones certissimae res accederent,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 5, 29:

    incerta pro certis malebant,

    Sall. C. 17, 6; cf.:

    incerta pro certis mutare,

    id. J. 83, 1:

    postremo certior res,

    Liv. 29, 6, 12:

    certiora esse dicunt quam, etc.,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 5, 13; id. Att. 3, 11, 2; Liv. 10, 35, 12: So. Satin hoc certum'st? Ge. Certum:

    hisce oculis egomet vidi,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 31:

    jam satis certumst virginem vitiatam esse?

    id. Enn. 4, 4, 36:

    cum certius tibi sit me esse Romae quam mihi te Athenis,

    Cic. Att. 1, 9, 1:

    id parum certum est,

    Liv. 5, 35, 3:

    cum de altero intellectu certum est, de altero dubium,

    Quint. 7, 6, 3; cf. id. 7, 3, 4: non certum traditur, with interrog.-clause, Liv. 2, 8, 8:

    nec quicquam certi respondes mihi?

    Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 84:

    neque tanto spatio certi quid esset explorari poterat,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 45:

    certum inveniri non potest ne... an,

    id. B. C. 1, 25:

    si quicquam humanorum certi est,

    Liv. 5, 33, 1: Ph. Civemne? Th. Arbitror:

    Certum non scimus,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 31; cf. id. Phorm. 1, 2, 98; Cic. Att. 12, 23, 2.—So, certum scire, to know for a certainty, Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 12; id. Hec. 3, 1, 44; Cic. Fam. 9, 23 init.:

    certum habere,

    to reckon certain, id. Att. 1, 13, 1; Liv. 36, 28, 4; 5, 3, 2; Quint. 2, 3, 9; Col. 2, 22, 5 al.:

    certum respondeo,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 92:

    cognoscere, Auct. B. Alex. 53: comperire, Auct. B. Hisp. 22.—So also pro certo habere,

    Cic. Att. 10, 6, 3; Matius ap. Cic. Att. 9, 15, A med.; Sall. C. 52, 17; Suet. Dom. 23:

    negare,

    Cic. Att. 5, 21, 5:

    polliceri,

    id. Agr. 2, 37, 102:

    dicere aliquid,

    id. Brut. 3, 10:

    ponere,

    Liv. 23, 6, 8:

    scire,

    id. 25, 10, 1:

    affirmare,

    id. 27, 1, 13; 3, 23, 7; cf. id. 1, 3, 2 Drak.:

    creditur,

    Sall. C. 15, 2:

    coeperit esse,

    Quint. 5, 12, 2:

    certius cognoscere ex aliquo de aliquā re,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 52, 5.—Strengthened by comp.:

    quin nihil invenies magis hoc certo certius,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 111; cf.:

    et hoc certo certius est et saepissime constitutum,

    Dig. 42, 8, 10, § 14:

    certo certius,

    Ambros. in Ephes. 5; Paul. Vit. St. Ambros. 25; App. M. 9, p. 237, 27.—In Plaut. certum or certius facere alicui, to give certainty to one concerning any thing, make him certain, Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 17; 5, 2, 12; id. Ps. 2, 2, 4.—
    2.
    Transf. to the person who is made certain in reference to a thing, certain, sure:

    certi sumus periisse omnia,

    Cic. Att. 2, 19, 5:

    num quid nunc es certior?

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 191:

    posteritatis,

    i. e. of posthumous fame, Plin. Ep. 9, 3, 1:

    sententiae,

    Quint. 4, 3, 8:

    judicii,

    Sen. Ep. 45, 9:

    certus de suā geniturā,

    Suet. Vesp. 25:

    damnationis,

    id. Tib. 61:

    exitii,

    Tac. A. 1, 27:

    spei,

    id. H. 4, 3:

    matrimonii,

    id. A. 12, 3:

    certi sumus, etc.,

    Gell. 18, 10, 5.—In class. prose mostly in the phrase certiorem facere aliquem (de aliquā re, alicujus rei, with a foll, acc. and inf., with a rel.-clause or absol.), to inform, apprise one of a thing:

    me certiorem face,

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 69:

    ut nos facias certiores,

    Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 32:

    uti se (sc. Caesarem) de his rebus certiorem faciant,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 2:

    qui certiorem me sui consilii fecit,

    Cic. Att. 9, 2, a, 2:

    Caesarem certiorem faciunt, sese non facile ab oppidis vim hostium prohibere,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 11:

    faciam te certiorem quid egerim,

    Cic. Att. 3, 11, 1.— With subj. only:

    milites certiores facit, paulisper intermitterent proelium,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 5 fin. — Pass.:

    quod crebro certior per me fias de omnibus rebus,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 1; so Caes. B. G. 1, 7; Sall. J. 104, 1:

    Caesar certior factus est, tres jam copiarum partes Helvetios id flumen transduxisse,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 12; so id. ib. 1, 21; 1, 41; 2, 1; Sall. J. 82, 2; Nep. Att. 12, 3:

    factus certior, quae res gererentur,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 15:

    non consulibus certioribus factis,

    Liv. 45, 21, 4.—Also in posit., though rarely:

    fac me certum quid tibi est,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 16; 4, 6, 35; Verg. A. 3, 179:

    lacrimae suorum Tam subitae matrem certam fecere ruinae,

    Ov. M. 6, 268.— Hence, adv. in two forms.
    A.
    certō, with certainty, certainly, surely, of a truth, in fact, really, object. and subject. (cf. supra, II. A. and B.); only in the comic poets, and sometimes (most. freq. in his epistt.) in Cic., while the adverbial form certe belongs to all periods and all species of composition. The difference between them is, perhaps, merely historical; but v. infra, certe, B. I. 2. init.
    1.
    Object.:

    perii certo, haud arbitrario,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 42; cf. id. Merc. 2, 3, 106:

    mihi certo nomen Sosia'st,

    id. Am. 1, 1, 176; id. Men. 2, 2, 39; Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 12:

    nihil ita exspectare quasi certo futurum,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 28, 81 (cf. the passage cited under certo, I. 1., from id. Div. 2, 7, 18).—
    b.
    In affirm. answers: Me. Liberum ego te jussi abire? Mes. Certo, yes, certainly, Plaut. Men. 5, 8, 9; so id. ib. 5, 9, 50; 2, 3, 38; id. Poen. 5, 5, 21; Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 9.—
    2.
    Subject.
    a.
    In gen. (very rare):

    certo enim ego vocem hic loquentis modo mi audire visus sum,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 5, 4:

    ego rus abituram me esse certo decrevi,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 10: Th. Quid aīs? Py. Atqui certo comperi, id. Eun. 5, 1, 9.—
    b.
    Esp. in the formula of asseveration, certo scio, I certainly know, I am fully persuaded, beyond all doubt (class.):

    certo edepol scio, me vidisse, etc.,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 2; id. Truc. 1, 1, 49; Ter. And. 5, 4, 26; id. Ad. 4, 5, 14; id. Eun. 1, 2, 119; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 19:

    quod te moleste ferre certo scio,

    Cic. Att. 1, 12, 3; 2, 23, 2; id. Fam. 4, 13, 6; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 6; id. Rosc. Am. 8, 21; id. Phil. 3, 6, 17; id. Sen. 1, 1; 1, 2; Sall. J. 9, 2; id. C. 51, 16:

    veniunt in mentem mihi permulta: vobis plura, certo scio,

    Cic. Caecin. 19, 55 (cf. under certe, I. 2.).—
    B.
    certē (class.; cf. supra, certo init.).
    I.
    Affirming strongly, with certainty, certainly, undoubtedly, assuredly, surely, really.
    1.
    Object.:

    certe edepol, tu me alienabis,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 243:

    ego quidem ab hoc certe exorabo,

    id. Bacch. 5, 2, 58:

    certe hercle,

    id. As. 2, 1, 15; cf. Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 8; Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 71; Ter. And. 2, 2, 10:

    quom is certe Renuntiarit,

    id. Heaut. 4, 4, 4:

    certe captus est!

    id. And. 1, 1, 55:

    certe ut videamur cernere eum,

    Lucr. 4, 760:

    si enim scit, certe illud eveniet: sin certe eveniet, nulla fortuna est,

    Cic. Div. 2, 7, 18; cf. id. N. D. 1, 2, 5:

    fuit certe id aequum et certe exspectatum est, etc.,

    id. Planc. 16, 38:

    ea certe vera sunt,

    id. Mil. 35, 96:

    M. Catoni certe licuit, etc.,

    id. Rep. 1, 1, 1:

    jam illa perfugia certe minime sunt audienda,

    id. ib. 1, 5, 9:

    cum se certe decessurum videret,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 44, § 104; Cat. 62, 8:

    certe hinc Romanos olim fore ductores pollicitus,

    Verg. A. 1, 234:

    o dea certe,

    a goddess surely, id. ib. 1, 328:

    postremo expellet certe vivacior heres,

    Hor. S. 2, 2, 132:

    placuit tibi, Delphice, certe, Dum, etc.,

    Ov. M. 2, 543 al. — Comp.:

    speculatores mittere, qui certius explorata referant,

    Liv. 3, 40, 13; 35, 48, 3:

    si reperire vocas amittere certius,

    Ov. M. 5, 519; App. M. 2, p. 118, 1.— Sup., Tert. Pall. 4.—
    b.
    In an answer of affirmation:

    estne ipsus an non est! Is est, Certe is est, is est profecto,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 65; so Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 53; Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 9; id. Clu. 54, 149; id. Phil. 1, 15, 37; id. Ac. 2, 35, 113; and in confirmation of a preceding fact: venerat, ut opinor, haec res in judicium. Certe, certainly, surely, Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 42; id. Fam. 4, 2, 5; id. Or. 42, 144; cf. id. Off. 3, 29, 105; id. Fin. 2, 27, 91.—
    2.
    Subject., mostly in the phrase certe scio, I know to a certainty, I am sure (acc. to Klotz ad Cic. Sen. 1, 2, certe scio = certum est me scire, I am fully convinced: certo scio = certum est quod scio, my knowledge is accurate, etc.):

    certe edepol scio, si aliud quicquam est quod credam aut certo sciam, etc.,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 115:

    edepol certo scio,

    id. Bacch. 2, 3, 20:

    scelestiorem me hac anu certe scio Vidisse numquam,

    id. Aul. 1, 1, 21; cf. Cic. Arch. 12, 32:

    ex litteris certe scire potuistis,

    id. Font. 4, 8; id. Phil. 12, 12, 29:

    quod iste certe statuerat ac deliberaverat non adesse,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 1.—
    b.
    In affirm. answers: Ar. Ain' vero? Le. Certe, inquam, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 132: Ch. Ain'tu? So. Certe, sic erit, Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 12.—
    c.
    In a subjective supposition or presumption that a thing is so, certainly, surely, assuredly, doubtless, of course; Gr. isôs:

    ah nugas agis, Certe habes,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 4, 25; id. Bacch. 5, 2, 58:

    si me tanti facis, quanti certe facis,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 3; 7, 8, 1; cf. Verg. A. 1, 234; Ov. M. 2, 423; Prop. 2, 7, 1. —
    (β).
    In interrog., Cic. Leg. 1, 1, 3; Suet. Aug. 33.—
    II.
    Affirming with restriction, yet surely, yet indeed, at least, notwithstanding (very freq. in prose and poetry, esp. after the class. per.).
    A.
    Alone:

    si non ipsā re tibi istuc dolet, Simulare certe est hominis,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 16:

    cingitur, certe expedit se,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 152:

    ut homines mortem vel optare incipiant, vel certe timere desistant,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 117:

    haec... sint falsa sane, invidiosa certe non sunt,

    id. Ac. 2, 32, 105:

    qui... ut non referat pedem, sistet certe,

    id. Phil. 12, 4, 8:

    res fortasse verae, certe graves,

    id. Fin. 4, 3, 7; cf. Liv. 9, 11, 13:

    consulatum unum certe plebis Romanae esse,

    id. 22, 34, 11:

    quos quoniam caeli nondum dignamur honore, Quas dedimus certe terras habitare sinamus,

    Ov. M. 1, 195 et saep.:

    quo quid sit beatius, mihi certe in mentem venire non potest,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 28, 81; so,

    ego certe,

    Quint. 8, 3, 65; 9, 4, 57:

    certe ego,

    Sall. J. 31, 5; Ov. H. 19, 81; id. M. 13, 840; id. Tr. 4, 5, 13:

    mihi certe,

    Quint. 10, 3, 23:

    ipse certe,

    id. 8, 6, 30; Curt. 7, 4, 19; 7, 6, 22.—
    B.
    With other particles.
    1.
    With tamen:

    illud certe tamen, quod jam amplexi sumus,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 6, 22; id. Sen. 23, 84.—
    2.
    With at: quod (consilium) si non fuerit prudens, at certe ab optima fide proficiscetur, Balb. et opp. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, A, 1; Ov. F. 3, 351; cf. at II. 3.—
    3.
    With sed: non integrā re, sed certe minus infractā, quam, etc., Att. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 10, 8; cf. Cic. Leg. 1, 21, 56 dub. B. and K. —
    4.
    With quidem:

    ubi sit animus, certe quidem in te est,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 70:

    quoniam volumus quidem certe senes fieri,

    id. Sen. 2, 6; id. Quint. 15, 50:

    certe quidem vos estis Romani, etc.,

    Liv. 45, 22, 5. (But quidem does not belong with certe in such passages as the foll.:

    hic quidem certe memorat, etc.,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 261 al.; v. quidem; cf. also aut and vel.)

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > certus

  • 25 clam

    clam (old access. form callim, or, acc. to Cod. Gu. 1, calam, Paul. ex Fest. p. 47, 3 Müll.) [root cal-; cf.: calix, celo, cella, occulo, caligo], adv. and prep., secretly, privately; and in the predicate after sum and fore, hidden, secret, unknown (opp. palam; except once in Caes., v. II. infra; in class. prose only used as adv.).
    I.
    Adv.
    A.
    In gen.: clamque palamque, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (247 Vahl.): ignis mortalibus clam Divisus, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 10, 23:

    mea nunc facinora aperiuntur, clam quae speravi fore,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 21; cf. Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 46; Lucr. 5, 1157:

    nec id clam esse potuit,

    Liv. 5, 36, 6: clam mordax canis (Gr. lathrodêktês kuôn), Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 27; cf. Amm. 15, 3, 5; Ter. And. 2, 6, 13; Cat. 21, 5; cf. Ov. Am. 3, 14, 8:

    clam peperit uxor,

    Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 15:

    hanc tu mihi vel vi, vel clam, vel precario Fac tradas (a jurid. formula),

    id. Eun. 2, 3, 28; cf. Cic. Caecin. 32, 92:

    qui propter avaritiam clam depositum non reddidit,

    id. Tusc. 3, 8, 17:

    clam mussitantes,

    Liv. 33, 31, 1; Suet. Tib. 6:

    praemissis confestim clam cohortibus,

    id. Caes. 31; id. Ner. 34:

    ille Sychaeum Clam ferro incautum superat,

    stealthily, Verg. A. 1, 350:

    nec dic quid doleas, clam tamen usque dole,

    Ov. R. Am. 694:

    cui te commisit alendum Clam,

    id. M. 13, 432; cf. id. ib. 14, 310 al.—
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    With advv.; with furtim, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 49;

    with furtive,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 61;

    with occulte,

    Plin. 36, 2, 2, § 6; poet. with tacitus:

    tacito clam venit illa pede, and similar words,

    Tib. 1, 10, 34; 4, 6, 16; cf.:

    strepito nullo clam reserare fores,

    id. 1, 8, 60; opp. palam, Enn. l. l.; Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 63; Cic. Cael. 9, 20; id. Rosc. Am. 8, 23; id. Fam. 1, 1, 4; Tib. 2, 1, 84; Suet. Caes. 80; id. Dom. 2;

    and opp. propalam,

    Suet. Ner. 22.—
    2.
    With gen.:

    res exulatum at illam clam abibat patris,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 43 Ritschl (cf. lathrê Laomedontos, Hom. Il. 5, 269).—
    3.
    Clam est, with subj.-clause (cf. II. B. infra):

    meretricem commoneri Quam sane magni referat, nil clam'st,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 9.—
    II.
    Prep., without the knowledge of, unknown to, constr. with abl. or acc.
    (α).
    With abl. (only in the two foll. passages; for Plaut. Merc. 3, 2, 2; 4, 6, 5; id. Curc. 1, 3, 17; id. Am. prol. 107 al., where the abl. formerly stood with clam, have been corrected by Ritschl and recent edd.; v. Speng. ad Ter. And. 1, 5, 52;

    but cf. Ussing ad Plaut. Curc. l.l.): nec clam durateus Trojanis Pergama partu Inflammasset equos,

    Lucr. 1, 476 Munro ad loc.:

    non sibi clam vobis salutem fuga petivit?

    Caes. B. C. 2, 32.—
    (β).
    With acc.:

    clam uxorem,

    Plaut. As. Grex. 1; id. Cas. prol. 54: clam uxorem et clam filium, [p. 348] id. Merc. 3, 2, 2:

    matrem,

    id. Mil. 2, 1, 34:

    patrem,

    id. Merc. 2, 3, 8; 3, 4, 75; id. Truc. 2, 1, 37 Speng.; Gell. 2, 23, 16:

    senem,

    Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 13:

    uxorem,

    id. Cas. 2, 8, 32; id. As. Grex. 5; id. Men. 1, 2, 43; 5, 9, 78; id. Merc. 4, 6, 3 Ritschl:

    virum,

    id. Cas. 2, 2, 28; id. Am. prol. 107:

    clam alter alterum,

    id. Cas. prol. 51:

    illum,

    id. Merc. 2, 3, 26:

    omnīs,

    id. Aul. prol. 7:

    clam praesidia Pompeii, Auct. B. Hisp. 3: clam quemdam Philonem,

    id. ib. 35:

    nostros,

    id. ib. 16:

    dominum,

    Dig. 9, 2, 27, § 14:

    haec clam me omnia,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 46.—
    B.
    Clam me est, it is unknown to me, I know not (only in Plaut. and Ter.):

    neque adeo clam me est,

    Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 19:

    haud clam me est,

    id. ib. 3, 4, 10; so id. ib. 4, 1, 53;

    4, 2, 1: nec clam te est, quam, etc.,

    id. And. 1, 5, 52.—
    * C.
    Clam habere aliquem = celare aliquem, to keep secret from one, conceal from, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 35; cf. Prisc. p. 988 P.; Pomp. Comm. Art. Don. p. 399.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > clam

  • 26 comperio

    com-pĕrĭo, pĕri, pertum, 4, v. a. [root par-, of paro, pario; cf. 2. comparo, and aperio, operio, etc.; by others separated from these words and referred to root per-, of peiraô, peritus, periculum; but cf. Corss. Ausspr. II. 410], lit., to disclose wholly, lay open (a fact), without the access. idea of communicating the thing disclosed (which aperio expresses; v. aperio); to obtain a knowledge of a thing, to find out with certainty, to have or gain certain information, to ascertain, learn, etc. (class. in prose and poetry):

    certo comperi,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 9:

    cum indicia mortis se comperisse manifesto et manu tenere diceret,

    Cic. Brut. 80, 277:

    hoc,

    Nep. Eum. 8, 4:

    stellarum ortus,

    Cat. 66, 2:

    de amore hoc comperit,

    Ter. And. 1, 3, 6:

    nihil de hoc (Sullā) consul comperi,

    Cic. Sull. 31, 86; Sall. J. 68, 1:

    postquam de scelere filii comperit,

    Nep. Paus. 5, 3; Suet. Dom. 6 al.—With inf. and acc., Ter. And. 1, 1, 63:

    posteaquam comperit eum posse vivere,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 12, 33:

    hanc gentem Clusium inde venisse comperio,

    Liv. 5, 35, 3; Quint. 1, 7, 24: diram qui contudit hydram, comperit invidiam supremo fine domari, * Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 12:

    ubi comperi ex eis qui, etc.,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 69:

    aliquid ex multis,

    Cic. Clu. 68, 192:

    ex litteris,

    Nep. Paus. 4, 5:

    per exploratores,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 19; 6, 28; Nep. Alcib. 8, 6:

    certis auctoribus,

    Cic. Att. 14, 8, 1:

    nihil testibus, nihil tabulis, nihil aliquo gravi argumento,

    id. Clu. 45, 126; Caes. B. C. 2, 37:

    a quo ut rem gestam comperit,

    Nep. Dat. 3, 4:

    quae ex fratre compererat nuntiari regi jubet,

    Curt. 6, 7, 18:

    ut postea ex captivis comperit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 22; Hirt. B. G. 8, 17; 8, 36.—Cicero, on account of the frequent repetition of the phrase omnia comperi, in the trial of Catiline, was often bantered by his contemporaries;

    hence: (Clodius) me tantum comperisse omnia criminabatur,

    Cic. Att. 1, 14, 5; cf. id. Fam. 5, 5, 2.—With depend. question:

    dolo an vere cunctatus, parum comperimus,

    Sall. J. 113, 1; 67, 3.—
    (β).
    Esp. freq. in part. perf. pass.:

    Oppianici facinus manifesto compertum atque deprehensum,

    Cic. Clu. 14, 43:

    non ego haec incertis jacta rumoribus adfero ad vos, sed comperta et explorata,

    Liv. 42, 13, 1; cf. id. 29, 18, 7; 29, 21, 13:

    sintne haec investigata, comperta, patefacta per me,

    Quint. 9, 3, 49:

    pecuniam ex aerario scribae viatoresque aedilicii clam egessisse per indicem comperti,

    discovered, Liv. 30, 39, 7: compertus adulterare matronas, Suet. Aug. 67:

    uxorem in stupro generi compertam,

    detected, id. Tib. 35.—Also with the gen. of the crime:

    compertus stupri,

    Liv. 22, 57, 2; Just. 11, 11, 5:

    probri,

    Liv. 7, 4, 4:

    sacrilegii,

    id. 32, 1, 8:

    flagitii,

    Tac. A. 1, 3; 4, 11:

    de his haud facile compertum narraverim,

    give certain information, Sall. J. 17, 2:

    qui ex fratre comperta ipsi nuntiasset,

    Curt. 6, 8, 11:

    haec ex vate comperta nuntiabat,

    id. 7, 7, 22.— In abl. absol.: comperto lege Gabiniā Bithyniam et Pontum consuli datam, Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 1130 P.; so Liv. 31, 39, 4 and 7; 33, 5, 4; Tac. A. 1, 66; 4, 36; 11, 13 fin.; 14, 57.—So, also, compertum habeo and compertum mihi est, I know full well:

    quod de his duobus habuerint compertum,

    Cic. Clu. 45, 127; so Sall. C. 2, 2; 22 fin.:

    pro comperto polliceri,

    as certain, Suet. Ner. 31.—Hence, compertē, adv., on good authority; only Gell. 1, 22, 9; and in comp., id. 1, 11, 12.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > comperio

  • 27 excido

    1.
    ex-cĭdo, cĭdi, 3, v. n. [cado], to fall out or down, to fall from (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. sense).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.: quod (animal) cum ex utero elapsum excidit, Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 128:

    sol excidisse mihi e mundo videtur,

    id. Att. 9, 10, 3:

    gladii de manibus exciderunt,

    id. Pis. 9 fin.; cf. id. Phil. 12, 3, 8; id. Cat. 1, 6 fin.;

    for which also: inter manus (urna),

    Prop. 4 (5), 4, 22; and:

    a digitis (ansa),

    Ov. H. 16, 252:

    Palinurus exciderat puppi,

    Verg. A. 6, 339; cf.

    arce,

    Ov. F. 5, 34:

    equis,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 1164:

    num qui nummi exciderunt, here, tibi, quod sic terram Obtuere?

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 17; cf. id. Cist. 4, 2, 8; id. Merc. 3, 1, 44; id. Poen. 1, 2, 48:

    volvae excidunt,

    Plin. 36, 21, 39, § 151.— Poet.:

    ita vinclis Excidet aut in aquas tenues dilapsus abibit,

    will slip out of the fetters, Verg. G. 4, 410:

    in flumen (elephanti, sc. e rate),

    Liv. 21, 28 fin.:

    cum Herculis pertractanti arma sagitta excidisset in pedem,

    Plin. 25, 6, 30, § 66:

    ante pedes (lingua resecta),

    Ov. Ib. 536.—
    B.
    In partic., of a lot, to fall of come out (very rare):

    ut cujusque sors exciderat,

    Liv. 21, 42, 3;

    and hence, transf.: nominibus in urnam conjectis, citari quod primum sorte nomen excidit,

    id. 23, 3, 7.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to fall out involuntarily, fall from, slip out, escape:

    verbum ex ore alicujus,

    Cic. Sull. 26; cf.:

    vox excidit ore: Venisti tandem, etc.,

    Verg. A. 6, 686:

    tantumque nefas patrio excidit ore?

    id. ib. 2, 658; cf.:

    scelus ore tuo,

    Ov. M. 7, 172:

    quod verbum tibi non excidit, ut saepe fit, fortuito,

    Cic. Phil. 10, 2 fin.; cf. Quint. 6, 3, 23; 7, 2, 52; 9, 4, 41 al.:

    libellus me imprudente et invito excidit,

    escaped me without my knowledge or desire, Cic. de Or. 1, 21; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 5:

    vox horrenda per auras excidit,

    Verg. A. 9, 113:

    et pariter vultusque deo plectrumque colorque Excidit,

    Ov. M. 2, 602; cf. id. ib. 4, 176:

    ut quodammodo victoria e manibus excideret,

    Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 10, 2:

    (versus) qui in breves excidunt,

    i. e. which close, terminate, Quint. 9, 4, 106.— Poet.: in vitium libertas excidit, qs. falls away, sinks, = delabitur, Hor. A. P. 282.—
    B.
    In partic.
    * 1.
    To dissent, differ from any one's opinion: ego ab Archilocho excido, Lucil. ap. Non. 301, 18.—
    2.
    To pass away, be lost, perish, disappear:

    neque enim verendum est, ne quid excidat aut ne quid in terram defluat,

    Cic. Lael. 16, 58:

    primo miser excidit aevo,

    Prop. 3, 7, 7 (4, 6, 7 M.):

    nec vera virtus, cum semel excidit, etc.,

    Hor. C. 3, 5, 30:

    at non ingenio quaesitum nomen ab aevo Excidet,

    Prop. 3, 2, 24 (4, 1, 64 M.):

    excidit omnis luctus,

    Ov. M. 8, 448:

    ne Tarentinae quidem arcis excidit memoria,

    Liv. 27, 3 fin.; cf. the foll.—Esp.
    b.
    To fail, faint, swoon, lose one's self:

    excidit illa metu, rupitque novissima verba,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 5, 39; cf.: ut scias quemadmodum nunquam excidam mihi, lose control of myself (through drink), Sen. de Ira, 3, 14, 1:

    quis me dolori reddit? quam bene excideram mihi!

    Sen. Hippol. 589 sq. —
    c.
    To slip out, escape from the memory:

    excidere de memoria,

    Liv. 29, 19 fin.:

    exciderat pacis mentio ex omnium animis,

    id. 34, 37; cf.

    animo,

    Verg. A. 1, 26; Ov. H. 20, 188;

    and pectore,

    id. Pont. 2, 4, 24:

    o miram memoriam, Pomponi, tuam! at mihi ista exciderant,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 18, 46; so with dat.:

    quae cogitatio, cum mihi non omnino excidisset, etc.,

    id. Fam. 5, 13, 2; id. Att. 6, 1, 7; Quint. 4, 5, 4; 10, 1, 75; Prop. 3 (4), 24, 20; 4 (5), 7, 15 et saep.; cf. with a subjectclause:

    non excidit mihi, scripsisse me, etc.,

    Quint. 2, 3, 10.— Absol.:

    quid? non haec varietas mira est, excidere proxima, vetera inhaerere? hesternorum immemores acta pueritiae recordari,

    id. 11, 2, 6; 1, 12, 6; 4, 2, 91; 4, 5, 2; cf. with inf. clause:

    si calore dicendi vitare id excidisset,

    id. 11, 3, 130; and with ut:

    excidit, ut peterem, etc.,

    i. e. I forgot to beg, Ov. M. 14, 139.—Rarely transf. to the person:

    excidens,

    who forgets, forgetful, Quint. 11, 2, 19:

    palam moneri excidentis est,

    id. 11, 3, 132.—
    3.
    (Ex) aliquā re, of persons, to be deprived of, to lose, miss, forfeit (esp. freq. since the Aug. per.;

    in Cic. not at all): ex familia,

    Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 104:

    uxore,

    to be disappointed of, Ter. And. 2, 5, 12:

    regno,

    Curt. 10, 5:

    quem si non tenuit, magnis tamen excidit ausis,

    failed in a great attempt, Ov. M. 2, 328; cf.:

    fine medicinae,

    Quint. 2, 17, 25:

    genere,

    id. 1, 5, 16: qui apud privatos judices plus petendo formula excidissent, i. e. who lost their suits (for the usual cadere formulā or [p. 677] causā;

    v. cado, II.),

    Suet. Claud. 14; Sen. Clem. 2, 3.
    2.
    ex-cīdo, īdi, īsum, 3, v. a. [caedo], to cut out or off, to hew out, to cut or hew down (class.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    lapides e terra,

    Cic. Off. 2, 3 fin.:

    omnes arbores longe lateque,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 15, 1; cf.:

    excisa enim est arbor, non evulsa,

    Cic. Att. 15, 4, 2: exciditur ilex (with percellunt magnas quercus), Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Ann. 194 ed. Vahl.):

    arborem e stirpe,

    Dig. 43, 27, 1:

    ericium,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 67 fin.:

    radicem,

    Plin. 17, 11, 16, § 82:

    columnas rupibus,

    Verg. A. 1, 428; cf.:

    rubos arvis,

    Quint. 9, 4, 5: linguam alicui, Crassus ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 1 fin.:

    partum mulieri,

    Dig. 11, 8, 2:

    os,

    Cels. 8, 3:

    virilitatem,

    i. e. to castrate, geld, Quint. 5, 12, 17;

    for which also, se,

    Ov. F. 4, 361; cf. Dig. 48, 8, 4 fin.:

    vias per montes,

    Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 125:

    latus rupis in antrum,

    Verg. A. 6, 42; cf.:

    vasa anaglypta in asperitatem,

    i. e. wrought with raised figures, Plin. 33, 11, 49, § 139: exciderat eum (sc. obeliscum) rex, majusque opus in devehendo statuendove multo quam in excidendo, i. e. cut out in the quarry, Plin. 36, 8, 14, § 67; absol., id. ib. § 65.—
    B.
    Transf., in gen., to raze, demolish, lay waste, destroy:

    qui domos inimicorum suorum oppugnavit, excidit, incendit,

    Cic. Sest. 44:

    Numantiam,

    id. Off. 1. 22, 76; cf.

    Trojam,

    Verg. A. 2, 637:

    urbem,

    id. ib. 12, 762:

    oppida,

    Lact. 1, 18, 8:

    Germaniam,

    Vell. 2, 123 fin.:

    agrum,

    id. 2, 115:

    exercitum,

    i. e. to cut to pieces, annihilate, id. 2, 120, 3.—
    II.
    Trop., to extirpate, remove, banish:

    aliquid ex animo,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 18, 43; cf.:

    iram animis, Sen. de Ira, 3, 1: aliquem numero civium,

    Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 6.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > excido

  • 28 habeo

    hăbĕo, ui, itum, 2 (archaic perf. subj. habessit, Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19; inf. haberier, Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 111), v. a. and n. [etym. dub.; cf. Gr. kôpê, handle; Lat. capio; Germ. haben, Haft; Engl. have], to have, in the widest sense of the word, to hold, keep, possess, cherish, entertain, occupy, enclose, contain (cf.: teneo, possideo, etc.).
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    Of personal subjects.
    1.
    With persons or things as objects: SI INTESTATO MORITVR, CVI SVVS HERES NEC SIT, AGNATVS PROXIMVS FAMILIAM HABETO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Ulp. Fragm. 26, 1: ex tui animi sententia tu uxorem habes? Cato ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 64, 260; cf.:

    aliquam habere in matrimonio, Cic. Scaur. § 8: ipsum ex Helvetiis uxorem habere,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 18, 6:

    si et prudentes homines et non veteres reges habere voluerunt,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 37 fin.:

    quae cum patrem clarissimum, amplissimos patruos, ornatissimum fratrem haberet,

    id. Rosc. Am. 50, 147:

    cum ille haberet filium delicatiorem,

    id. de Or. 2, 64, 257:

    quod non ingenuous habeat clarosque parentes,

    Hor. S. 1, 6, 91:

    habebat saepe ducentos, saepe decem servos,

    id. ib. 1, 3, 11:

    fundum habere, Cic. Tull. § 14: cur pecuniam non habeat mulier?

    id. Rep. 3, 10:

    tantas divitias habet,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 99; so,

    aurum,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 35; and:

    vectigalia magna Divitiasque,

    Hor. S. 2, 2, 101:

    tantum opum,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 48:

    classes,

    id. Phil. 9, 2, 4:

    naves,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 40, § 104:

    denique sit finis quaerendi, cumque habeas plus, Pauperiem metuas minus,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 92:

    tacitus pasci si posset corvus, haberet Plus dapis,

    id. Ep. 1, 17, 50:

    Dionysii equus quid attulit admirationis, quod habuit apes in juba?

    Cic. Div. 2, 31, 67: faenum habet in cornu;

    longe fuge,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 34:

    leges in monumentis habere,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 14:

    hostis habet muros,

    Verg. A. 2, 290:

    hostis habet portus,

    Val. Fl. 3, 45 al.:

    quam vellem Panaetium nostrum nobiscum haberemus,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 10:

    Ciceronem secum,

    id. Att. 4, 9, 2; cf.:

    ea legione, quam secum habebat,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 8, 1:

    secum senatorem,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 31, § 77; cf.

    also: magnum numerum equitatus circum se,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 18, 5:

    haec si habeat aurum, quod illi renumeret, faciat lubens,

    Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 12; cf.:

    quid non habuisti quod dares? Habuisse se dicet, Cic. Scaur. § 19: quod non desit, habentem,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 52:

    qui in foro turbaque, quicum colloqui libeat, non habeant,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 17.—
    2.
    With abstr. objects: quid illos, bono genere gnatos, opinanimi animi habuisse atque habituros dum vivent? Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17:

    quod uno et eodem temporis puncto nati dissimiles et naturas et vitas et casus habent,

    Cic. Div. 2, 45, 95:

    febrim,

    id. Fam. 7, 26, 1:

    instrumenta animi,

    id. Rep. 3, 3:

    nec vero habere virtutem satis est, quasi artem aliquam, nisi utare,

    id. ib. 1, 2:

    in populos perpetuam potestatem,

    id. ib. 2, 27; cf.:

    in populum vitae necisque potestatem,

    id. ib. 3, 14; so,

    potestatem,

    id. ib. 2, 29; 32;

    36: eo plus auctoritatis,

    id. ib. 3, 16:

    ornamenta dicendi,

    id. de Or. 2, 28, 122; cf.:

    summam prudentiam summamque vim dicendi,

    id. ib. 1, 20, 89:

    Q. Lucilius Balbus tantos progressus habebat in Stoicis, ut, etc.,

    id. N. D. 1, 6, 15:

    neque quem usum belli haberent aut quibus institutis uterentur, reperiri poterat,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 20 fin.:

    nonnullam invidiam ex eo, quod, etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 283: nimiam spem, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 17, 1:

    spem in fide alicujus,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 39, 71; cf.:

    tantum spei ad vivendum,

    id. Att. 15, 20, 2; id. N. D. 3, 6, 14; cf.

    also: summam spem de aliquo,

    id. Lael. 3, 11:

    odium in equestrem ordinem,

    id. Clu. 55, 151:

    metum,

    Prop. 3, 11 (4, 10), 6: consolationem [p. 834] semper in ore atque in animo, Cic. Fam. 5, 16, 2; cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 56 Mull.:

    rogavi, ut diceret, quid haberet in animo,

    Cic. Att. 8, 10:

    neque modum neque modestiam victores habere,

    observe no bounds, Sall. C. 11, 4;

    v. modus: haec habebam fere, quae te scire vellem,

    Cic. Att. 1, 6; cf.:

    haec habui de amicitia quae dicerem,

    this is what I had to say, id. Lael. 27 fin.: fidem, gratiam, honorem, rationem; v. these nouns.—In a play on the word lumen: Arge, jaces; quodque in tot lumina lumen habebas Exstinctum est, the light for so many lights ( eyes), Ov. M. 1, 720.—
    (β).
    With inf. (analog. to the Gr. echô), to have something to do, be able to do something:

    habeo etiam dicere quem contra morem majorum dejecerit, etc.,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 35, 100:

    de re publica nihil habeo ad te scribere,

    id. Att. 2, 22, 6.—So with inf. or with the part. fut. pass. (ante-class. and post-Aug.), to have or be obliged to do something, I must do something:

    rogas, ut id mihi habeam curare,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 2:

    filius hominis, quod carne indui haberet in terra,

    Lact. 4, 12, 15:

    habemus humiliare eum in signo,

    id. 4, 18, 22:

    quod plurimae haereses haberent existere,

    id. 4, 30, 2:

    etiam Filius Dei mori habuit,

    Tert. Hab. Mul. 1:

    si inimicos jubemur diligere, quem habemus odisse?

    id. Apol. 37:

    de spatiis ordinum eatenus praecipiendum habemus, ut intelligant agricolae, etc.,

    Col. 5, 5, 3:

    praesertim cum enitendum haberemus, ut, etc.,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 12:

    si nunc primum statuendum haberemus,

    Tac. A. 14, 44:

    cum respondendum haberent,

    id. Or. 36.—
    B.
    Of inanim. or abstr. subjects:

    prima classis LXXXVIII. centurias habeat,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 22:

    locus ille nihil habet religionis,

    id. Leg. 2, 22, 57:

    humani animi eam partem, quae sensum habeat,

    id. Div. 1, 32, 70:

    animus incorruptus agit atque habet cuncta, neque ipse habetur,

    Sall. J. 2, 3:

    divinus animus mortale nihil habuit, Cic. Scaur. § 50: habet statum res publica de tribus secundarium,

    id. Rep. 1, 42; cf.:

    nullum est genus illarum rerum publicarum, quod non habeat iter ad finitimum quoddam malum,

    id. ib. 1, 28:

    ipsa aequabilitas est iniqua, cum habeat nullos gradus dignitatis,

    id. ib. 1, 27:

    nulla alia in civitate...ullum domicilium libertas habet,

    id. ib. 1, 31:

    nostri casus plus honoris habuerunt quam laboris,

    id. ib. 1, 4; cf.:

    viri excellentis ancipites variique casus habent admirationem,

    id. Fam. 5, 12, 5:

    habet etiam amoenitas ipsa illecebras multas cupiditatum,

    id. Rep. 2, 4:

    quid habet illius carminis simile haec oratio?

    id. ib. 1, 36:

    magnam habet vim disciplina verecundiae,

    id. ib. 4, 6 et saep.:

    quomodo habere dicimur febrem, cum illa nos habeat,

    Sen. Ep. 119 med.; cf.:

    animalia somnus habebat,

    Verg. A. 3, 147; Ov. M. 7, 329:

    me somno gravatum Infelix habuit thalamus,

    Verg. A. 6, 521; cf.:

    non me impia namque Tartara habent,

    id. ib. 5, 734:

    habentque Tartara Panthoiden,

    Hor. C. 1, 28, 9:

    qui (metus) major absentes habet,

    id. Epod. 1, 18; Sen. Const. Sap. 7:

    et habet mortalia casus,

    Luc. 2, 13:

    terror habet vates,

    Stat. Th. 3, 549.
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    Pregn., to have or possess property (mostly absol.):

    miserum istuc verbum et pessumum'st, habuisse et nihil habere,

    Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 34; cf. Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 10: qui habet, ultro appetitur: qui est pauper, aspernatur, Cic. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 792 P.:

    habet idem in nummis, habet idem in urbanis praediis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 86, § 199; so,

    in nummis,

    id. Att. 8, 10:

    in Salentinis aut in Brutiis,

    i. e. to have possessions, id. Rosc. Am. 46, 132; cf. id. Verr. 2, 5, 18, § 45: nos quod simus, quod habeamus, etc., Curius ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 29, 1:

    et belli rabies et amor successit habendi,

    Verg. A. 8, 327; cf.:

    amore senescit habendi,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 85; Phaedr. 3 prol. 21; Juv. 14, 207: quid habentibus auri nunquam exstincta sitis? Sil. 5, 264; so, habentes = hoi echontes, the wealthy, Lact. 5, 8, 7. —
    2. (α).
    With an objectclause:

    de Alexandrina re tantum habeo polliceri, me tibi cumulate satisfacturum,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 5, 3:

    de re publica nihil habeo ad te scribere,

    id. Att. 2, 22, 6:

    haec fere dicere habui de natura deorum,

    this is the substance of what I had to say, id. N. D. 3, 39, 93; cf.:

    quid habes igitur dicere de Gaditano foedere?

    id. Balb. 14, 33:

    habeo etiam dicere, quem de ponte in Tiberim dejecerit,

    id. Rosc. Am. 35, 100:

    illud affirmare pro certo habeo, etc.,

    Liv. 44, 22, 4:

    sic placet, an melius quis habet suadere?

    Hor. Epod. 16, 23.—
    (β).
    With a relat.-clause (usually with a negative: non habeo, quid faciam;

    or: nihil habeo, quod faciam, dicam, etc.): de quibus habeo ipse, quid sentiam: non habeo autem, quid tibi assentiar,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 25, 64:

    de pueris quid agam, non habeo,

    id. Att. 7, 19:

    usque eo quid arguas non habes,

    id. Rosc. Am. 15, 45:

    quid huic responderet, non habebat,

    id. Mur. 12, 26:

    nec quid faceret habebat,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 51; id. Off. 2, 2, 7:

    qui, quo se reciperent, non haberent,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 38, 2:

    nihil habeo, quod ad te scribam,

    Cic. Att. 7, 19:

    nil habeo, quod agam,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 19; and:

    nihil habeo, quod cum amicitia Scipionis possim comparare,

    Cic. Lael. 27, 103.—
    B.
    To have in use, make use of, use (very rare, for the usual uti, opp. abuti):

    anulus in digito subter tenuatur habendo,

    i. e. by use, by wearing, Lucr. 1, 312; cf.:

    aera nitent usu: vestis bona quaerit haberi,

    Ov. Am. 1, 8, 51:

    quippe quas (divitias) honeste habere licebat, abuti per turpitudinem properabant,

    Sall. C. 13, 2 Kritz; cf.:

    magnae opes innocenter paratae et modeste habitae,

    Tac. A. 4, 44.—Hence,
    2.
    To hold, use, wield, handle, manage:

    nec inmensa barbarorum scuta, enormis hastas, inter truncos arborum perinde haberi quam pila,

    Tac. A. 2, 14.— Trop.:

    quo modo rem publicam habuerint (majores), disserere,

    Sall. C. 5, 9; cf.:

    reipublicae partes,

    Tac. A. 4, 6 init. —
    C.
    To hold or keep a person or thing in any condition; to have, hold, or regard in any light:

    aliquem in obsidione,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 31, 3:

    aliquem in liberis custodiis,

    Sall. C. 47, 3; so,

    aliquem in custodiis,

    id. ib. 52, 14:

    aliquem in vinculis,

    id. ib. 51 fin.;

    for which also: in custodiam habitus,

    i. e. put into prison and kept there, Liv. 22, 25; Tac. H. 1, 87; cf.:

    quo facilius omne Hadriaticum mare in potestatem haberet,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 25 Oud. N. cr. (al. in potestate):

    cum talem virum in potestatem habuisset,

    Sall. J. 112 fin. Kritz N. cr.:

    quae res eos in magno diuturnoque bello inter se habuit,

    id. ib. 79, 3:

    alios in ea fortuna haberent, ut socii esse quam cives mallent,

    Liv. 26, 24:

    aegros in tenebris,

    Cels. 3, 18:

    aquam caelestem sub dio in sole,

    Col. 12, 12, 1:

    in otio militem,

    Liv. 39, 2, 6; cf.:

    legiones habebantur per otium,

    Tac. H. 1, 31:

    externa sine cura habebantur,

    id. A. 1, 79 init.:

    exercitus sine imperio et modestia habitus,

    Sall. J. 44, 1:

    quos ille postea magno in honore habuit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 77, 2;

    for which: quos praecipuo semper honore Caesar habuit,

    id. B. G. 5, 54, 4:

    habeo Junium (mensem) et Quintilem in metu,

    i. e. I fear, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 14.— So with an adj. or a perf. part., to denote a lasting condition:

    ita me mea forma habet sollicitum,

    Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 95 Lorenz; id. Men. 4, 2, 12; 21:

    miserrimum ego hunc habebo amasium,

    id. Cas. 3, 3, 27 al.:

    laetum Germanicum,

    Tac. A. 2, 57; 65:

    sollicitum habebat cogitatio,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 1; 2, 16, 2.—Hence,
    2.
    With a double object, esp. freq. with the part. perf. pass., to have, hold, or possess a person or thing in any quality or capacity, as any thing; to have, hold, or possess an action as completed, finished (a pregn. circumlocution for the perf.):

    cum haberet collegam in praetura Sophoclem,

    Cic. Off. 1, 40, 144; cf. Quint. 10, 1, 93:

    an heredem habuerit eum, a quo, etc.,

    id. 7, 2, 37:

    istaec illum perdidit assentatio, nam absque te esset, ego illum haberem rectum ad ingenium bonum,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 8:

    cur ergo unus tu Apollonidenses miseriores habes quam pater tuus habuit umquam?

    Cic. Fl. 29, 71:

    obvium habuerunt patrem,

    Quint. 7, 1, 29:

    reliquas civitates stipendiarias,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 30, 3:

    quod (cognomen) habes hereditarium,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 11:

    quae habuit venalia,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 62, § 144; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 11, 1:

    qui auro habeat soccis suppactum solum,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 98:

    me segregatum habuisse, uxorem ut duxit, a me Pamphilum,

    have kept him away, aloof, Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 25; cf.:

    inclusum in curia senatum habuerunt,

    Cic. Att. 6, 2, 8:

    (Romulus) habuit plebem in clientelas principum descriptam,

    id. Rep. 2, 9: satis mihi videbar habere cognitum Scaevolam ex iis rebus, quas, etc., id. Brut. 40, 147; cf.:

    si nondum eum satis habes cognitum,

    id. Fam. 13, 17, 3; ib. 15, 20 fin.: fidem spectatam jam et diu cognitam, id. Div. ap. Caecil. 4, 11:

    decumas ad aquam deportatas,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 14, § 36:

    domitas habere libidines,

    id. de Or. 1, 43, 194:

    omnes philosophiae notos et tractatos locos,

    id. Or. 33, 118; id. Rep. 2, 6:

    innumerabilia, quae collecta habent Stoici,

    id. Div. 2, 70, 145: quantum in acie tironi sit committendum, nimium saepe expertum habemus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24, 3:

    quare velim ita statutum habeas, me, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 2, 1: habeo absolutum suave epos ad Caesarem, id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 6:

    in adversariis scriptum habere (nomen),

    id. Rosc. Com. 3, 9:

    de Caesare satis dictum habebo,

    id. Phil. 5, 19, 52:

    bellum habere susceptum,

    id. Agr. 2, 6, 14:

    quam (domum) tu iam dimensam et exaedificatam animo habebas,

    id. Att. 1, 6, 1:

    ut omnes labores, pericula consueta habeam,

    Sall. J. 85, 7:

    compertum ego habeo,

    id. Cat. 58, 1; cf. Nep. Att. 17 fin.; 18, 1: neque ea res falsum ( part. perf. pass.) me habuit, Sall. J. 10, 1 al. From this use is derived the compound perf. of the Romance languages: ho veduto, j'ai vu, qs. habeo visum, I have seen).—
    3.
    Also, with a double object, to make, render:

    praecipit ut dent operam, uti eos quam maxime manifestos habeant,

    Sall. C. 41, 5:

    qui pascua publica infesta habuerant,

    Liv. 39, 29, 9; 34, 36, 3:

    necdum omnia edita facinora habent,

    id. 39, 16, 3; 31, 42, 1:

    anxium me et inquietum habet petitio Sexti,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 9, 1:

    sed Pompeium gratia impunitum habuit,

    kept, Vell. 2, 1, 5.—
    4.
    Hence:

    in aliquo (aliqua re), aliquem (aliquid) habere (rare): ea si fecissem, in vestra amicitia exercitum, divitias, munimenta regni me habiturum,

    Sall. J. 14, 1:

    in vobis liberos, parentes, consanguineos habeo,

    Curt. 6, 9, 12:

    majora in eo obsequia habiturus,

    Just. 8, 6, 6; cf. Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 5.—
    5.
    To have or hold a person in any manner, to treat, use:

    is, uti tu me hic habueris, proinde illum illic curaverit,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 64:

    equitatu agmen adversariorum male habere et carpere,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 63, 2; cf. Cels. 3, 20; 3, 21:

    exercitum luxuriose nimisque liberaliter habere,

    Sall. C. 11, 5 Kritz; cf.:

    eos ille non pro vanis hostibus, ut meriti erant, sed accurate et liberaliter habuit,

    id. J. 103, 5; 113, 2:

    Fabiis plurimi (saucii) dati, nec alibi majore cura habiti,

    Liv. 2, 47, 12; 29, 8, 6; 37, 34, 5:

    video quam molliter tuos habeas,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 19, 1:

    militant vobiscum, qui superbe habiti rebellassent,

    Curt. 8, 8, 11:

    virgines tam sancte habuit,

    id. 3, 12, 21; 4, 10, 33:

    male habere aliquem,

    Nep. Eum. 12, 1:

    neque conjugem et filium ejus hostiliter haberi,

    Tac. A. 2, 10.—
    6.
    With se, and sometimes mid. or neut., to hold or keep himself or itself in a certain manner, i. e. to be constituted or situated, to find one's self, to be, in any manner.
    (α).
    Habere se:

    Tironem Patris aegrum reliqui...et quamquam videbatur se non graviter habere, tamen sum sollicitus, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 7, 2, 3:

    praeclare te habes, cum, etc.,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 61, § 149:

    ipsi se hoc melius habent quam nos, quod, etc.,

    id. Att. 11, 7, 4:

    Bene habemus nos,

    id. ib. 2, 8, 1:

    ego me bene habeo,

    am well, Tac. A. 14, 51: praeclare se res habeat ( is well), si, etc., Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 114:

    male se res habet, cum, quod virtute effici debet, id tentatur pecunia,

    id. Off. 2, 6, 22; cf. id. de Or. 2, 77, 313:

    quae cum ita se res haberet, tamen, etc.,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 50, § 124; cf.:

    ita se res habet, ut ego, etc.,

    id. Quint. 1, 2:

    sic profecto res se habet,

    id. de Or. 2, 67, 271:

    scire aveo, quomodo res se habeat,

    id. Att. 13, 35, 2; cf. id. de Or. 2, 32, 140:

    ut se tota res habeat,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 5, § 15; cf.:

    ut meae res sese habent,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 4, 1.—
    (β).
    Mid.:

    virtus clara aeternaque habetur,

    exhibits itself, is, continues, Sall. C. 1, 4:

    sicuti pleraque mortalium habentur,

    as for the most part happens in human affairs, id. ib. 6, 3.—
    (γ).
    Neutr. (as also the Gr echô): Tullia nostra recte valet: Terentia minus belle habuit, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9, 1:

    volui animum tandem confirmare hodie meum, Ut bene haberem filiae nuptiis,

    I might enjoy myself, Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 2: qui bene habet suisque amicis est volup, id. [p. 835] Mil. 3, 1, 130:

    bene habent tibi principia,

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 82:

    bene habet: jacta sunt fundamenta defensionis,

    it is well, Cic. Mur. 6, 14; Liv. 8, 6:

    magnum narras, vix credibile! atqui sic habet,

    so it is, it is even so, Hor. S. 1, 9, 53: illasce sues sanas esse habereque recte licere spondesne? Formula emendi, ap. Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 5; 2, 3, 5.—
    D.
    To hold, account, esteem, consider, regard a person or thing in any manner or as any thing; to think or believe a person or thing to be so or so:

    aliquem fidelem sibi habere,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 87:

    deos aeternos et beatos,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 17, 45:

    id habent hodie vile et semper habuerunt,

    id. Balb. 22, 51:

    maximam illam voluptatem habemus, quae, etc.,

    id. Fin. 1, 11, 37:

    eum nos ut perveterem habemus... nec vero habeo quemquam antiquiorem,

    id. Brut. 15, 61:

    Ut et rex et pater habereter omnium,

    id. Rep. 1, 36; 2, 21:

    parentem Asiae et dici et haberi,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 10 fin.:

    eos dicit esse habitos deos, a quibus, etc.,

    id. N. D. 1, 15, 38:

    cum esset habendus rex, quicumque genere regio natus esset,

    id. Rep. 1, 33; cf. id. ib. 2, 12 fin.: non habeo nauci Marsum augurem, Poet. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132:

    cujus auctoritas in iis regionibus magni habebatur,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 21, 7:

    nihil pensi habere,

    Quint. 11, 1, 29; cf.

    also: an perinde habenda sit haec atque illa,

    id. 7, 3, 11:

    sese illum non pro amico, sed pro hoste habiturum,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 44, 19; so,

    aliquem pro hoste,

    Liv. 2, 20; Curt. 6, 2 al.:

    nisi in provincia relictas rationes pro relatis haberem,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 2:

    licet omnia Italica pro Romanis habeam,

    Quint. 1, 5, 56; 12, 10, 73:

    istuc jam pro facto habeo,

    Cic. Att. 13, 1, 2:

    Pompeium pro certo habemus per Illyricum proficisci in Galliam,

    to consider as certain, id. ib. 10, 6 fin.:

    id obliviscendum, pro non dicto habendum,

    Liv. 23, 22, 9:

    hoc velim in maximis rebus et maxime necessariis habeas,

    Cic. Att. 5, 5 fin.:

    aliquem in deorum numero,

    id. N. D. 1, 14, 36:

    aliquem in hostium numero,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 28, 1:

    aliquem suorum In numero,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 41;

    for which also: hostium numero haberi,

    Cic. Att. 11, 6, 6:

    numero impiorum ac sceleratorum haberi,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 13, 7; cf. also Quint. 3, 7, 2:

    quem Aegyptii nefas habent nominare,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 22, 56:

    mutare nefas habent,

    Quint. 12, 8, 6:

    nec tamen est habendum religioni, nocentem aliquando defendere,

    to scruple, make a conscience of, Cic. Off. 2, 14, 51; cf.:

    nec eam rem habuit religioni,

    id. Div. 1, 35, 77:

    quando tu me bene merentem tibi habes despicatui,

    you despise, Plaut. Men. 4, 3, 19:

    non sic ludibrio tuis factis habitus essem,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 11.—Hence: sic habeto, or sic habeas aliquid, or with an object-clause, hold or judge thus, be convinced or persuaded, believe, know:

    sed hoc nihil ad te: illud velim sic habeas, uod intelliges, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 2:

    unum hoc sic habeto: si, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 6 fin.:

    sic habeto: omnibus, etc.,

    id. Rep. 6, 13:

    enitere et sic habeto, non esse te mortalem, sed corpus hoc,

    id. ib. 6, 24; so with an object-clause, id. Fam. 2, 10, 1; 16, 4, 4.—Without sic:

    id primum ergo habeto, non sine magna causa, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 2:

    tantum habeto, civem egregium esse Pompeium, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 8, 2.—
    2.
    To take, accept, bear, submit to, endure:

    neque cuiquam mortalium injuriae suae parvae videntur: multi eas gravius aequo habuere,

    Sall. C. 51, 11:

    egestas facile habetur sine damno,

    id. ib. 6, 37:

    quae in praesens Tiberius civiliter habuit, sed, etc.,

    Tac. A. 4, 21:

    neque tantum maleficium impune habendum,

    id. ib. 3, 70;

    12, 48: nec ita aegre habuit filium id pro parente ausum,

    Liv. 7, 5, 7 Weissenb.—
    E.
    To hold, have possession of, occupy, a place:

    urbem Romam condidere atque habuere initio Trojani,

    Sall. C. 6, 1:

    qui mortales initio Africam habuerint,

    id. J. 17, 7; 18, 1; cf.

    Siciliam et Sardiniam per legatos habuit,

    rule, administer, Flor. 4, 2, 22:

    urbem Romanam a principio reges habuere,

    Tac. A. 1, 1:

    Hispaniae tribus legionibus habebantur,

    id. ib. 4, 5; 12, 54.—
    2.
    More freq. neutr., to dwell, live anywhere (perh. only ante-class.; in good prose habito is used instead): quae Corinthum arcem altam habetis, Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6, 1 (Trag. v. 294 Vahl.):

    ille geminus qui Syracusis habet,

    Plaut. Men. prol. 69: quis istic habet? id. Bacch. 1, 2, 6:

    ubi nunc adulescens habet?

    id. Trin. 1, 2, 156:

    apud aedem Junonis Lucinae, ubi aeditumus habere solet,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 50 Mull.; cf.:

    situm formamque et universorum castrorum et partium, qua Poeni, qua Numidae haberent...specularentur,

    Liv. 30, 4, 2 (but v. Weissenb. ad loc.).—
    F.
    To spend, pass (time, etc.):

    aetatem procul a republica,

    Sall. C. 4, 1:

    vitam,

    id. ib. 51, 12 al.—
    G.
    To have in one's mind, to know, be acquainted with:

    siquidem istius regis (Anci) matrem habemus, ignoramus patrem,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 18 fin.: habes consilia nostra;

    nunc cognosce de Bruto,

    there you have, such are, id. Att. 5, 21, 10:

    habetis igitur primum ortum tyranni,

    id. Rep. 2, 27:

    habetis sermonem bene longum hominis,

    id. de Or. 2, 88, 361; cf.

    also: habes nostras sententias,

    Suet. Claud. 4:

    habes, quae fortissime de beata vita dici putem,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 28 fin.; cf. id. de Or. 2, 71, 291. —
    H.
    To have as a habit, peculiarity, or characteristic:

    habebat hoc omnino Caesar: quem plane perditum aere alieno egentemque cognorat, hunc in familiaritatem libentissime recipiebat,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 32, 78; id. Pis. 32, 81.—
    K.
    To hold, to make, do, perform, prepare, utter, pronounce, produce, cause:

    alium quaerebam, iter hac habui,

    made, directed, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 35; cf.:

    ex urbe profectus iter ad legiones habebat,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 14, 3; so,

    iter,

    id. ib. 1, 51, 1; 3, 11, 2; 3, 106, 1; Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 2:

    vias,

    Luc. 2, 439:

    C. Cato contionatus est, comitia haberi non siturum, si, etc.,

    to be held, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 6:

    senatum,

    id. ib. 2, 13, 3; id. Fam. 1, 4, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 2, 1:

    concilia,

    id. B. G. 5, 53, 4:

    contionem,

    Cic. Att. 4, 1, 6:

    censum,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 55, § 138:

    delectum (militum),

    id. Phil. 5, 12, 31; id. Fam. 15, 1 fin.; Caes. B. G. 6, 1;

    v. delectus: ludos,

    Suet. Rhet. 1:

    sermonem,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; cf.:

    orationem,

    to deliver, id. Rep. 1, 46:

    multis verbis ultro citroque habitis,

    id. ib. 6, 9 fin.:

    disputationem,

    id. ib. 1, 7; Caes. B. G. 5, 30, 1:

    dialogum,

    Cic. Att. 2, 9, 1:

    verba,

    id. de Or. 2, 47, 190:

    querelam de aliquo apud aliquem,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 1, § 2:

    controversiam de fundo cum aliquo,

    id. Fam. 13, 69, 2 et saep.:

    deinde adventus in Syriam primus equitatus habuit interitum,

    caused, occasioned, Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 9; cf. id. Div. 2, 46, 96:

    latrocinia nullam habent infamiam, quae extra fines cujusque civitatis fiunt,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 23, 6.—
    L.
    Habere in animo (or simply animo), with an objectclause, to have in mind, to intend, to be disposed, inclined to do any thing (=propositum habere, constituisse, decrevisse):

    istum exheredare in animo habebat,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 18, 52; id. Att. 1, 17, 11:

    hoc (flumen) neque ipse transire in animo habebat neque hostes transituros existimabat,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 7, 5:

    neque bello eum invadere animo habuit,

    Liv. 44, 25, 1 dub (al. in animo), v. Drak. ad h. l.—
    M.
    Habere sibi or secum aliquid, to keep to one's self (lit. and trop.):

    clamare coeperunt, sibi ut haberet hereditatem,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 19, § 47:

    per vindicationem his verbis legamus: DO LEGO, CAPITO, SUMITO, SIBI HABETO,

    Ulp. Fragm. 24, 3; cf. ib. § 5; Gai. Inst. 2, 209.—So the formula used in divorces:

    res tuas tibi habeas or habe,

    Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 47; Sen. Suas. 1, § 7:

    illam suam suas res sibi habere jussit ex duodecim tabulis,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69. —Comic. transf.:

    apage sis amor: tuas tibi res habeto,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 32.— Trop.:

    secreto hoc audi, tecum habeto, ne Apellae quidem liberto tuo dixeris,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 25, 2:

    verum haec tu tecum habeto,

    id. Att. 4, 15, 6.—
    N.
    Of a sweetheart, to have, to possess, enjoy:

    postquam nos Amaryllis habet, Galatea reliquit,

    Verg. E. 1, 31; Tib. 1, 2, 65; Prop. 3, 8 (4, 7), 22:

    duxi, habui scortum,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 10, 6; Ter. And. 1, 1, 58: cum esset objectum, habere eum Laida;

    habeo, inquit, non habeor a Laide,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 2.—
    O.
    Gladiatorial t. t., of a wounded combatant: hoc habet or habet, he has that (i. e. that stroke), he is hit:

    desuper altus equo graviter ferit atque ita fatur: Hoc habet,

    Verg. A. 12, 296; Prud. Psych. 53.—
    2.
    Transf.:

    hoc habet: reperi, qui senem ducerem,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 26; id. Rud. 4, 4, 99: egomet continuo mecum;

    Certe captus est! Habet!

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 56 (id est vulneratus est. Habet enim qui percussus est: et proprie de gladiatoribus dicitur, Don.).—Hence: hăbĭtus, a, um, P. a., held or kept in a certain condition, state, humor (ante-class.).
    A.
    In gen.
    1.
    Lit.: equus nimis strigosus et male habitus, Massur. Sabin. ap. Gell. 4, 20, 11; v. in the foll.—
    2.
    Trop.:

    ut patrem tuum vidi esse habitum, diu etiam duras (lites) dabit,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 22.—
    B.
    In partic., physically, well kept, well conditioned, fleshy, corpulent:

    corpulentior videre atque habitior,

    Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 8:

    si qua (virgo) est habitior paulo, pugilem esse aiunt, deducunt cibum,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 23: (censores) equum nimis strigosum et male habitum, sed equitem ejus uberrimum et habitissimum viderunt, etc., Massur. Sabin. ap. Gell. 4, 20, 11.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > habeo

  • 29 intellectus

    1.
    intellectus, a, um, Part., from intellego.
    2.
    intellectus, ūs, m. [intellego], a perceiving, discerning.
    I.
    Lit., perception, discernment by the senses:

    saporum,

    Plin. 11, 37, 65, § 174:

    acrimoniae,

    id. 19, 8, 54, § 171:

    nec est intellectus ullus in odore vel sapore,

    i. e. the poison cannot be perceived either by the taste or smell, id. 11, 53, 116, § 280:

    intellectus in cortice protinus peritis,

    good judges know a tree by its bark, id. 16, 39, 76, § 196.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Understanding, comprehension:

    quīs neque boni intellectus neque mali cura,

    Tac. A. 6, 36:

    alicujus rei intellectum amittere,

    Sen. Ben. 3, 17:

    capere intellectum disciplinarum,

    Quint. 1, 1, 15:

    intellectu consequi aliquid,

    id. 2, 5, 22:

    elephantis intellectus sermonis patrii,

    Plin. 8, 1, 1, § 1:

    nullum animal minus docile existimatur minorisve intellectus,

    id. 29, 6, 34, § 106:

    dissimulare intellectum insidiarum,

    Tac. A. 13, 38:

    intellectu carere,

    to be unintelligible, Quint. 1, 1, 28:

    rudis Corinthiorum,

    Vell. 1, 13, 5: intellectum habere, to be understood:

    hiems et ver et aestas intellectum ac vocabula habent, autumni perinde nomen ac bona ignorantur,

    Tac. G. 26.—
    B.
    Meaning, sense, signification of a word:

    verba quaedam diversos intellectus habent, ut cerno,

    Quint. 7, 9, 2:

    in obscenum intellectum sermo detortus,

    id. 8, 3, 44; id. 1, 7, 13.—
    C.
    Knowledge of a language, understanding:

    Latini sermonis intellectum habere,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 93.—
    D.
    Understanding, i. e. the faculty of understanding, intellect:

    per analogiam nostro intellectu et honestum et bonum judicante,

    Sen. Ep. 120:

    in errorem intellectum inducere,

    App. Dogm. Plat. 1, p. 7, 3:

    intellectu carere,

    to be without understanding, Dig. 29, 2, 92:

    aliquem intellectum habere,... nullum intellectum habere,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 109.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > intellectus

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