vānĭtas

vānĭtas, ātis, f. [vanus].

Lit., emptiness, nothingness, nullity, want of reality: nulla in caelo nec fortuna, nec temeritas, nec erratio, nec vanitas inest;

contra omnis ordo, veritas, ratio, constantia,

Cic. N. D. 2, 21, 56:

ne vanitas itineris ludibrio esset,

uselessness, purposelessness, Liv. 40, 22, 5:

Romanis Gallici tumultus adsueti, etiam vanitates notae sunt,

id. 38, 17, 5 Weissenb. —

Esp., falsity, falsehood, deception, untruth, untrustworthiness, fickleness, etc.

Absol.:

non pudet Vanitatis?

Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 41:

imbuimur erroribus, ut vanitati veritas cedat,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 1, 2:

mercatura... multa undique apportans, multisque sine vanitate impertiens, etc.,

id. Off. 1, 42, 151:

nec vero quicquam turpius est vanitate,

id. ib. 1, 42, 150:

quamvis blanda ista vanitas apud eos valeat, etc.,

id. Lael. 26, 99:

cum ad vanitatem accessit auctoritas,

id. ib. 25, 94.— Plur.:

Magicae vanitates,

Plin. 26, 4, 9, § 18; cf. id. 27, 8, 35, § 57.—

With gen.:

quid de iis existimandum est, qui orationis vanitatem adhibuerunt?

Cic. Off. 3, 14, 58:

opinionum vanitas,

id. Leg. 1, 10, 29:

suum imperium minui per vanitatem populi,

fickleness, Liv. 44, 22, 10:

multa circa hoc non Magorum solum vanitate, sed etiam Pythagoricorum,

Plin. 22, 8, 9, § 20 Jan.—

Trop., vanity, vainglory:

huic homini non minor vanitas inerat quam audacia,

Sall. C. 23, 2; id. J. 38, 1:

qui se propalam per vanitatem jactassent tamquam amicos Persei,

Liv. 45, 31, 7:

vanitas atque jactatio,

Quint. 11, 2, 22:

vanitas atque insolentia,

Suet. Vit. 10:

Quintius Atticus consul umbrā honoris et suāmet vanilate monstratus,

Tac. H. 3, 73:

nec Agricola prosperitate rerum in vanitatem usus, etc.,

id. Agr. 18 fin.:

Statius veniam... vanitate exitūs corrupit,

id. A. 15, 71.

* * *

• Vanity of vanities, all is vanity

augŭrĭum, ii, n. (plur. augura, heterocl., like aplustra from aplustre, Att. ap. Non. p. 488, 2, or Trag. Rel. p. 217 Rib.) [augur], the observation and interpretation of omens, augury (v. augur and the pass. there cited).

Lit.:

pro certo arbitrabor sortes oracla adytus augura? Att., Trag. Rel. p. 217 Rib.: agere,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 42 Müll.; Cic. Div. 1, 17, 32; id. Off. 3, 16, 66:

capere,

Suet. Aug. 95:

quaerere,

Vulg. Num. 24, 1:

observare,

ib. Deut. 18, 10; ib. 4 Reg. 21, 6:

non est augurium in Jacob,

ib. Num. 23, 23:

dare,

Ov. Tr. 3, 1, 36:

nuntiare,

Liv. 1, 7:

decantare,

Cic. Div. 1, 47, 105: accipere, to understand or receive as an omen, Liv. 1, 34; 10, 40; Val. Fl. 1, 161:

augurium factum,

Suet. Vit. 18:

augurio experiri aliquid,

Flor. 1, 5, 3: augurium salutis, an augury instituted in time of peace, for the inquiry whether one could supplicate the Deity for the prosperity of the state (de salute), Cic. Div. 1, 47, 105; Suet. Aug. 31; Tac. A. 12, 23; cf. Dio Cass. 37, 24, and Fabric. ad h. l.—

Transf.

Any kind of divination, prophecy, soothsaying, interpretation:

auguria rerum futurarum,

Cic. Phil. 2, 35, 89: conjugis augurio ( by the interpretation of [p. 205] quamquam Titania mota est, Ov. M. 1, 395: Divinatio arroris et auguria mendacia vanitas est, Vulg Eccli. 34, 5.—And transf. to the internal sense. presentiment, foreboding of future occurrences inhaeret in mentibus quasi saeclorum quoddam augurium futurorum, Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 33; id. Fam 6, 6:

Fallitur augurio spes bona saepe suo,

Ov. H. 16, 234:

Auguror, nec me fallit augurium, historias tuas immortales futuras,

Plin. Ep. 7, 33, 1 al. —

Object, a sign, omen, token, prognostic:

thymum augurium mellis est,

Plin. 21, 10, 31, § 56:

augurium valetudinis ex eā traditur, si etc.,

id. 28, 6, 19, § 68.—

The art of the augur, augury:

cui laetus Apollo Augurium citharamque dabat,

Verg. A. 12, 394 (v. Apollo and augur):

Rex idero et regi Turno gratissimus augur,

id. ib. 9, 327; Flor. 1, 5, 2.

circā, a later access. form for circum; not freq. before the Aug. per., esp. in Livy and Quintilian [acc. to Klotz, circa = circum ea; cf: antea, interea, postea, praeterea, etc.].

( = circum, I. B.) Around, round about, all around, in the environs or neighborhood:

gramen erat circa,

Ov. M. 3, 411:

ripaeque lacusque Responsant circa,

Verg. A. 12, 757:

at circa gravibus pensis affixa puella... remittat opus,

Tib. 1, 3, 87:

circaque quā tumor est,

Cels. 5, 28, 3; 5, 28, 4: fluvius ab tergo; ante circaque velut ripa praeceps oram ejus omnem cingebat, Liv. 27, 18, 5; 28, 33, 2:

circa Padus amnis,

id. 21, 43, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.:

caligo, quam circa umidi effuderant montes,

Curt. 4, 12, 20:

alibi quam Romao circaque,

Plin. 26, 1, 1, § 1; Quint. 12, prooem. § 2; Tac. A. 2, 11.—

Circa esse, to be in the region around, in the neighborhood:

ex montibus qui circa sunt,

Liv. 1, 4, 6:

Tarquinium moribundum cum qui circa erant excepissent,

id. 1, 41, 1:

sed non passi sunt ii, qui circa erant,

Nep. Eum. 10, 4:

eversa est turris quodque circa muri erat,

Liv. 34, 29, 6:

Corinthus et quae circa est regio,

Plin. 24, 9, 42, § 69; Quint. 10, 7, 16. —Also freq. without esse, in connection with a subst.:

multarum circa civitatum irritatis animis,

the towns lying around, Liv. 1, 17, 4; 9, 2, 1; 27, 30, 3; 29, 29, 2;

42, 64, 2: angulus muri erat in planiorem patentioremque quam cetera circa vallem vergens ( = cetera loca quae circa erant),

id. 21, 7, 5:

corpora multa virūm circa,

Verg. A. 7, 535; Plin. 3, 17, 21, § 124.—

Strengthened: undique circa and circa omnis ( = circum), round about, all around: frumento undique circa ex agris convecto. Liv. 42, 56, 8; 23, 19, 8;

nam et circa omnia defecerunt,

id. 9, 23, 10:

cum tam procul Romani unica spes, circa omnia hostium essent,

id. 21, 11, 12; cf. id. 9, 2, 7 Drak.:

exhausto circa omni agro,

id. 31, 38, 1; 24, 3, 3; Val. Fl. 8, 2; Flor. 1, 18, 12 Duker; Quint. 9, 2, 45.—

Prep. with acc.

In space.

( = circum, II. B.) Prop., in the region which surrounds, about, around, on the sides of:

quam (Hennam) circa lacus lucique sunt plurimi atque laetissimi flores omni tempore anni,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 107:

noctu ligna contulerunt circa casam eam, in quā quiescebat,

Nep. Alcib. 10, 4:

circa flumina et lacus frequens nebula est,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 3, 1:

circa equum Alexandri,

Curt. 4, 15, 26:

illi robur et aes triplex Circa pectus erat,

Hor. C. 1, 3, 10; id. S. 2, 6, 34:

quem circa tigres jacent,

Ov. M. 3, 668.—

( = circum, II. C.) Into... around, to... round about, etc. (first in Livy):

Romulus legatos circa vicinas gentes misit,

Liv. 1, 9, 2:

legatis circa duodecim populos missis,

id. 4, 23, 5; 28, 26, 11:

circa domos ire,

id. 26, 13, 1; 25, 9, 2; 39, 18, 2;

29, 22, 3: circa civitates missi legati,

id. 21, 49, 7 Weissenb.; 31, 3, 5; Plin. 7, 37, 37, § 123; Suet. Aug. 49; id. Ner. 28:

litteris circa praefectos dimissis,

Liv. 42, 51, 1:

custodes circa omnes portas missi,

id. 28, 26, 11; 26, 13, 1.—

( = circum, II. D.) With the prevailing idea of neighborhood, vicinity, in the region of, near to, near by:

Capuam et urbis circa Capuam occupare,

Cic. Agr. 1, 7, 22:

circa Liternum posuit castra,

in the neighborhood of, Liv. 23, 35, 6:

tabernae erant circa forum,

Quint. 6, 3, 38:

circa Armeniae montes,

Curt. 5, 1, 13:

Acesinen amnem,

Plin. 12, 5, 11, § 23:

domum auream,

Suet. Ner. 38:

sacrificantem,

id. Claud. 36.—

As a less definite designation of place for in:

Orestis liberi sedem cepere circa Lesbum insulam,

Vell. 1, 2, 5:

circa Mesopotamiam subsistere,

Curt. 4, 9, 1:

quod circa Syriam nascitur,

Plin. 19, 3, 16, § 46;

Quint. prooem. § 20: initia statim primi libri,

id. 1, 5, 44; cf.

finem,

id. 4, 3, 5:

virentes campos,

Hor. C. 2, 5, 5:

cum amor saeviet circa jecur,

id. ib. 1, 25, 15 (cf. Petr. 17, 8:

dolor saevit in praecordiis). So esp. freq. in medic. lang.: circa faciem, nares, aures, labra,

Cels. 5, 28, 2; 5, 2, 8.—So in Livy, with names of places, approaching the more general use of later writers, v. infra, C.:

quadriduum circa rupem consumptum,

Liv. 21, 37, 3:

compositis circa Opuntem rebus,

id. 28, 7, 9:

iisdem diebus circa Chalcidem Thoas... eandem fortunam habuit,

id. 35, 37, 5 Weissenb. ad loc.; cf.:

multos circa unam rem ambitus fecerim,

id. 27, 27, 12 Weissenb. ad loc.—

( = circum, II. E.) In respect to persons who surround one (as attendants, friends, adherents, etc.), around, about:

multa sibi opus esse, multa canibus (sarcast. for indagatoribus) suis, quos circa se haberet,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 48, § 126:

ex iis trecentos juvenes inermes circa se habebat,

Liv. 29, 1, 2:

omnes,

Suet. Aug. 48; id. Calig. 43:

circa regem erat et Phrygum turba,

Curt. 3, 1, 17:

e spadonibus, qui circa reginam erant,

id. 4, 10, 25: omne sed officium circa te semper obibat turba tui sexūs, [p. 334] Mart. 1, 91, 3:

quod omnes circa te similes tui effecisti,

Plin. Pan. 83, 3.—In the language of the imperial court:

circa latus alicujus agere,

to wait on, altend, Dig. 27, 1, 30.—Hence also without a verb: circa aliquem, = hoi peri tina, the attendants, companions of a person:

omnibus vero circa eum gratuito aut levi fenore obstrictis,

Suet. Caes. 27; id. Dom. 9; cf. Liv. 21, 49, 7 Drak.—

(Peculiar to the form circa). In time, designating nearness, proximity to a definite point of time, about (first in Livy; cf.

circiter): postero die circa eandem horam in eundem locum rex copias admovit,

Liv. 42, 57, 10:

circa eum mensem,

Plin. 9, 18, 33, § 69:

lucis ortum,

Curt. 5, 3, 7:

lucem,

Suet. Oth. 11:

mediam noctem,

id. Claud. 2:

vernum aequinoctium,

Col. 5, 6, 19:

Kalendas et Idus Octobr.,

id. 5, 10, 8, 5, 10, 12; 5, 12, 2 al.; Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 4; Pall. 2, 4; 2, 7 al.—With definite numbers:

septimum diem,

Cels. 2, 6:

undecimam horam,

Suet. Caes. 88:

lustra decem,

Hor. C. 4, 1, 6; Scrib. 227.—With general designations of time:

tempora illa,

Quint. 11, 3, 143:

tempora Peloponnesia,

id. 12, 10, 4:

Murenae Cepionisque conjurationis tempus,

Vell. 2, 93, 1:

Magni Pompeii aetatem,

Plin. 33, 12, 55, § 156:

mortem,

id. 11, 37, 73, § 189:

initia imperii,

Suet. Claud. 7.—And in the designation of periods of time by persons who belonged to them (cf. ante):

circa Demetrium Phalerea,

about the time of Demetrius Phalereus, Quint. 2, 4, 41 Spald.:

Tisiam et Coraca,

id. 2, 17, 7:

Philippum,

id. 12, 10, 6:

Ciceronem,

Sen. Contr. 1 praef.:

Attium,

Vell. 1, 17, 1.—

In numerical designations, about, nearly, almost (first in Livy for the usual ad or circiter):

ea fuere oppida circa septuaginta,

Liv. 45, 34, 6:

quingentos Romanorum,

id. 27, 42, 8:

decem milia Persarum,

Curt. 4, 6, 30:

sestertium vicies,

Suet. Claud. 6:

quartum milliarium,

id. Ner. 48:

selibram,

Cels. 4, 19:

singulas heminas,

id. 7, 15.—

(Also peculiar to the form circa, and only in post-Aug. prose; esp. freq. in Quint., occurring more than seventy times.) Trop. for the designation of an object about which, as if it were a centre, any thing moves, is done, etc., around, about, in, in respect to, etc.; depending upon substt., adjj., or verbs.

Upon substantives:

circa eosdem sensus certamen atque aemulatio,

Quint. 10, 5, 5:

circa S litteram deliciae,

id. 1, 11, 6:

verba dissensio,

id. 3, 11, 5:

memoriam suam vanitas atque jactatio,

id. 11, 2, 22:

hoc opiniones,

id. 2, 15, 1;

Plin 8, 16, 19, § 48: quem pugna est,

Quint. 8, 6, 1; 7, 1, 15:

voces inani studio,

id. 8, prooem §

18 et saep: rura sermo,

Plin. 18, 1, 1, § 5:

classicum brevis et expeditus labor,

Plin. Ep 3, 9, 13:

hospitia nullum fastidium,

id. Pan. 20, 3:

publica circa bonas artes socordia,

Tac. A. 11, 15:

principem novo exemplo, i. e. in principe,

Suet. Claud. 14.—

Upon adjectives:

non circa plurium artium species praestantem, sed in omnibus eminentissimum,

Quint. 12, 10, 12:

jus nostrum attentior,

id. 4, 5, 21:

studia mentis erectae,

id. 1, 3, 10:

lites raras ridiculi,

id. 7, 1, 43:

praecepta utiles sententiae,

id. 10, 1, 52; 6, 1, 42 al.:

corporis curam morosior,

Suet. Caes. 45:

victum indifferens,

id. ib. 53:

deos ac religiones neglegentior,

id. Tib. 69:

administrationem imperii vacuus,

id. Dom. 3 al.:

summa scelera distentum,

Tac. A. 16, 8 fin.:

adfectationem Germanicae originis ultro ambitiosi,

id. G. 28:

excessus otiosus,

id. Or. 22:

se animati,

Just. 14, 1, 3 al. —

Upon verbs facetum quoque non tantum circa ridicula opinor consistere, Quint. 6, 3, 19:

hoc disputatum est,

id. 1, 5, 34:

priores erratur,

id. 2, 5, 26:

formas litterarum haerere,

id. 1, 1, 21, cf. id. 5, 10, 114; Suet. Aug. 71. res tenues morari, Quint 1, 1, 35:

consilium elegendi successoris in duas factiones scindebantur,

Tac. H. 1, 13:

Medeam, Thyestem (tragoedias) tempus consumas,

id. Or. 3:

successorem omnia ordinari,

Suet. Claud. 45:

ceremonias, item circa omnium ordinum statum quaedam correxit,

id. ib. 22.

Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 107; Ov. A. A. 2, 577; id..3, 668; cf. circum, II. fin.

Circa, ae, v. Circe.

circā, a later access. form for circum; not freq. before the Aug. per., esp. in Livy and Quintilian [acc. to Klotz, circa = circum ea; cf: antea, interea, postea, praeterea, etc.].

( = circum, I. B.) Around, round about, all around, in the environs or neighborhood:

gramen erat circa,

Ov. M. 3, 411:

ripaeque lacusque Responsant circa,

Verg. A. 12, 757:

at circa gravibus pensis affixa puella... remittat opus,

Tib. 1, 3, 87:

circaque quā tumor est,

Cels. 5, 28, 3; 5, 28, 4: fluvius ab tergo; ante circaque velut ripa praeceps oram ejus omnem cingebat, Liv. 27, 18, 5; 28, 33, 2:

circa Padus amnis,

id. 21, 43, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.:

caligo, quam circa umidi effuderant montes,

Curt. 4, 12, 20:

alibi quam Romao circaque,

Plin. 26, 1, 1, § 1; Quint. 12, prooem. § 2; Tac. A. 2, 11.—

Circa esse, to be in the region around, in the neighborhood:

ex montibus qui circa sunt,

Liv. 1, 4, 6:

Tarquinium moribundum cum qui circa erant excepissent,

id. 1, 41, 1:

sed non passi sunt ii, qui circa erant,

Nep. Eum. 10, 4:

eversa est turris quodque circa muri erat,

Liv. 34, 29, 6:

Corinthus et quae circa est regio,

Plin. 24, 9, 42, § 69; Quint. 10, 7, 16. —Also freq. without esse, in connection with a subst.:

multarum circa civitatum irritatis animis,

the towns lying around, Liv. 1, 17, 4; 9, 2, 1; 27, 30, 3; 29, 29, 2;

42, 64, 2: angulus muri erat in planiorem patentioremque quam cetera circa vallem vergens ( = cetera loca quae circa erant),

id. 21, 7, 5:

corpora multa virūm circa,

Verg. A. 7, 535; Plin. 3, 17, 21, § 124.—

Strengthened: undique circa and circa omnis ( = circum), round about, all around: frumento undique circa ex agris convecto. Liv. 42, 56, 8; 23, 19, 8;

nam et circa omnia defecerunt,

id. 9, 23, 10:

cum tam procul Romani unica spes, circa omnia hostium essent,

id. 21, 11, 12; cf. id. 9, 2, 7 Drak.:

exhausto circa omni agro,

id. 31, 38, 1; 24, 3, 3; Val. Fl. 8, 2; Flor. 1, 18, 12 Duker; Quint. 9, 2, 45.—

Prep. with acc.

In space.

( = circum, II. B.) Prop., in the region which surrounds, about, around, on the sides of:

quam (Hennam) circa lacus lucique sunt plurimi atque laetissimi flores omni tempore anni,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 107:

noctu ligna contulerunt circa casam eam, in quā quiescebat,

Nep. Alcib. 10, 4:

circa flumina et lacus frequens nebula est,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 3, 1:

circa equum Alexandri,

Curt. 4, 15, 26:

illi robur et aes triplex Circa pectus erat,

Hor. C. 1, 3, 10; id. S. 2, 6, 34:

quem circa tigres jacent,

Ov. M. 3, 668.—

( = circum, II. C.) Into... around, to... round about, etc. (first in Livy):

Romulus legatos circa vicinas gentes misit,

Liv. 1, 9, 2:

legatis circa duodecim populos missis,

id. 4, 23, 5; 28, 26, 11:

circa domos ire,

id. 26, 13, 1; 25, 9, 2; 39, 18, 2;

29, 22, 3: circa civitates missi legati,

id. 21, 49, 7 Weissenb.; 31, 3, 5; Plin. 7, 37, 37, § 123; Suet. Aug. 49; id. Ner. 28:

litteris circa praefectos dimissis,

Liv. 42, 51, 1:

custodes circa omnes portas missi,

id. 28, 26, 11; 26, 13, 1.—

( = circum, II. D.) With the prevailing idea of neighborhood, vicinity, in the region of, near to, near by:

Capuam et urbis circa Capuam occupare,

Cic. Agr. 1, 7, 22:

circa Liternum posuit castra,

in the neighborhood of, Liv. 23, 35, 6:

tabernae erant circa forum,

Quint. 6, 3, 38:

circa Armeniae montes,

Curt. 5, 1, 13:

Acesinen amnem,

Plin. 12, 5, 11, § 23:

domum auream,

Suet. Ner. 38:

sacrificantem,

id. Claud. 36.—

As a less definite designation of place for in:

Orestis liberi sedem cepere circa Lesbum insulam,

Vell. 1, 2, 5:

circa Mesopotamiam subsistere,

Curt. 4, 9, 1:

quod circa Syriam nascitur,

Plin. 19, 3, 16, § 46;

Quint. prooem. § 20: initia statim primi libri,

id. 1, 5, 44; cf.

finem,

id. 4, 3, 5:

virentes campos,

Hor. C. 2, 5, 5:

cum amor saeviet circa jecur,

id. ib. 1, 25, 15 (cf. Petr. 17, 8:

dolor saevit in praecordiis). So esp. freq. in medic. lang.: circa faciem, nares, aures, labra,

Cels. 5, 28, 2; 5, 2, 8.—So in Livy, with names of places, approaching the more general use of later writers, v. infra, C.:

quadriduum circa rupem consumptum,

Liv. 21, 37, 3:

compositis circa Opuntem rebus,

id. 28, 7, 9:

iisdem diebus circa Chalcidem Thoas... eandem fortunam habuit,

id. 35, 37, 5 Weissenb. ad loc.; cf.:

multos circa unam rem ambitus fecerim,

id. 27, 27, 12 Weissenb. ad loc.—

( = circum, II. E.) In respect to persons who surround one (as attendants, friends, adherents, etc.), around, about:

multa sibi opus esse, multa canibus (sarcast. for indagatoribus) suis, quos circa se haberet,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 48, § 126:

ex iis trecentos juvenes inermes circa se habebat,

Liv. 29, 1, 2:

omnes,

Suet. Aug. 48; id. Calig. 43:

circa regem erat et Phrygum turba,

Curt. 3, 1, 17:

e spadonibus, qui circa reginam erant,

id. 4, 10, 25: omne sed officium circa te semper obibat turba tui sexūs, [p. 334] Mart. 1, 91, 3:

quod omnes circa te similes tui effecisti,

Plin. Pan. 83, 3.—In the language of the imperial court:

circa latus alicujus agere,

to wait on, altend, Dig. 27, 1, 30.—Hence also without a verb: circa aliquem, = hoi peri tina, the attendants, companions of a person:

omnibus vero circa eum gratuito aut levi fenore obstrictis,

Suet. Caes. 27; id. Dom. 9; cf. Liv. 21, 49, 7 Drak.—

(Peculiar to the form circa). In time, designating nearness, proximity to a definite point of time, about (first in Livy; cf.

circiter): postero die circa eandem horam in eundem locum rex copias admovit,

Liv. 42, 57, 10:

circa eum mensem,

Plin. 9, 18, 33, § 69:

lucis ortum,

Curt. 5, 3, 7:

lucem,

Suet. Oth. 11:

mediam noctem,

id. Claud. 2:

vernum aequinoctium,

Col. 5, 6, 19:

Kalendas et Idus Octobr.,

id. 5, 10, 8, 5, 10, 12; 5, 12, 2 al.; Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 4; Pall. 2, 4; 2, 7 al.—With definite numbers:

septimum diem,

Cels. 2, 6:

undecimam horam,

Suet. Caes. 88:

lustra decem,

Hor. C. 4, 1, 6; Scrib. 227.—With general designations of time:

tempora illa,

Quint. 11, 3, 143:

tempora Peloponnesia,

id. 12, 10, 4:

Murenae Cepionisque conjurationis tempus,

Vell. 2, 93, 1:

Magni Pompeii aetatem,

Plin. 33, 12, 55, § 156:

mortem,

id. 11, 37, 73, § 189:

initia imperii,

Suet. Claud. 7.—And in the designation of periods of time by persons who belonged to them (cf. ante):

circa Demetrium Phalerea,

about the time of Demetrius Phalereus, Quint. 2, 4, 41 Spald.:

Tisiam et Coraca,

id. 2, 17, 7:

Philippum,

id. 12, 10, 6:

Ciceronem,

Sen. Contr. 1 praef.:

Attium,

Vell. 1, 17, 1.—

In numerical designations, about, nearly, almost (first in Livy for the usual ad or circiter):

ea fuere oppida circa septuaginta,

Liv. 45, 34, 6:

quingentos Romanorum,

id. 27, 42, 8:

decem milia Persarum,

Curt. 4, 6, 30:

sestertium vicies,

Suet. Claud. 6:

quartum milliarium,

id. Ner. 48:

selibram,

Cels. 4, 19:

singulas heminas,

id. 7, 15.—

(Also peculiar to the form circa, and only in post-Aug. prose; esp. freq. in Quint., occurring more than seventy times.) Trop. for the designation of an object about which, as if it were a centre, any thing moves, is done, etc., around, about, in, in respect to, etc.; depending upon substt., adjj., or verbs.

Upon substantives:

circa eosdem sensus certamen atque aemulatio,

Quint. 10, 5, 5:

circa S litteram deliciae,

id. 1, 11, 6:

verba dissensio,

id. 3, 11, 5:

memoriam suam vanitas atque jactatio,

id. 11, 2, 22:

hoc opiniones,

id. 2, 15, 1;

Plin 8, 16, 19, § 48: quem pugna est,

Quint. 8, 6, 1; 7, 1, 15:

voces inani studio,

id. 8, prooem §

18 et saep: rura sermo,

Plin. 18, 1, 1, § 5:

classicum brevis et expeditus labor,

Plin. Ep 3, 9, 13:

hospitia nullum fastidium,

id. Pan. 20, 3:

publica circa bonas artes socordia,

Tac. A. 11, 15:

principem novo exemplo, i. e. in principe,

Suet. Claud. 14.—

Upon adjectives:

non circa plurium artium species praestantem, sed in omnibus eminentissimum,

Quint. 12, 10, 12:

jus nostrum attentior,

id. 4, 5, 21:

studia mentis erectae,

id. 1, 3, 10:

lites raras ridiculi,

id. 7, 1, 43:

praecepta utiles sententiae,

id. 10, 1, 52; 6, 1, 42 al.:

corporis curam morosior,

Suet. Caes. 45:

victum indifferens,

id. ib. 53:

deos ac religiones neglegentior,

id. Tib. 69:

administrationem imperii vacuus,

id. Dom. 3 al.:

summa scelera distentum,

Tac. A. 16, 8 fin.:

adfectationem Germanicae originis ultro ambitiosi,

id. G. 28:

excessus otiosus,

id. Or. 22:

se animati,

Just. 14, 1, 3 al. —

Upon verbs facetum quoque non tantum circa ridicula opinor consistere, Quint. 6, 3, 19:

hoc disputatum est,

id. 1, 5, 34:

priores erratur,

id. 2, 5, 26:

formas litterarum haerere,

id. 1, 1, 21, cf. id. 5, 10, 114; Suet. Aug. 71. res tenues morari, Quint 1, 1, 35:

consilium elegendi successoris in duas factiones scindebantur,

Tac. H. 1, 13:

Medeam, Thyestem (tragoedias) tempus consumas,

id. Or. 3:

successorem omnia ordinari,

Suet. Claud. 45:

ceremonias, item circa omnium ordinum statum quaedam correxit,

id. ib. 22.

Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 107; Ov. A. A. 2, 577; id..3, 668; cf. circum, II. fin.

Circa, ae, v. Circe.

ēlātĭo, ōnis, f. [1. effero], a carrying out.

Lit. (post-class.): FERRI, Inscr. Fratr. Arval. ap. Marin. 43 and 402.—

In partic.

A carrying to the grave, a burial:

mortui,

Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 3.—

A lifting or raising up:

onerum,

Vitr. 8, 10:

maris,

i. e. high waves, Vulg. Psa. 92, 6. —

Trop. (class.).

A being carried away or hurried along; transport, passion:

laetitia quasi gestientis animi elatio voluptaria,

Cic. Fin. 3, 10 fin. (cf.: efferri laetitiā, under effero, II. B.).—

Exaltation, elevation:

elatio et magnitudo animi,

Cic. Off. 1, 19, 64; cf.:

elatio atque altitudo orationis,

id. Brut. 17, 66:

parium autem comparatio nec elationem habet nec submissionem,

id. Top. 18, 71.—

Self-exaltation, pride, elation (cf.:

superbia, insolentia, arrogantia, vanitas, fastus, fastidium),

Ambros. Psa. 4, 8; Serm. 17, 36 fin.; Arn. 2, 63; Vulg. 2 Macc. 5, 21.

fastīdĭum, ĭi, n. [cf. 2. fastus], a loathing, aversion for any thing, esp. for any sort of enjoyment (very freq. and class.; cf. taedium, nausea, etc.).

Lit., nausea, squeamishness, loathing, distaste for food:

cibi satietas et fastidium,

Cic. Inv. 1, 17, 25:

mel fastidium creat,

Plin. 22, 24, 50, § 109:

fastidium abigere,

id. 23, 9, 81, § 161:

auferre,

id. 19, 8, 38, § 127:

discutere,

id. 23, 1, 27, § 54:

detrahere,

id. 22, 25, 74, § 155.—In plur.:

magna movet stomacho fastidia, etc.,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 78; 2, 2, 14; 2, 6, 86; Juv. 14, 184; Plin. 26, 7, 25, § 41 al.—

Esp. of a spoiled, pampered taste, niceness, daintiness, delicacy, Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 18: tantum in illis esse fastidium;

ut nollent attingere nisi eodem die captum piscem,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 18; cf. Vulg. Ezech. 16, 31.—

Transf. to sight:

oculorum in hominum insolentium indignitate fastidium,

Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 2.—

Trop., dislike, aversion, disgust, fastidiousness.

In gen.:

ab aliqua re celerrime fastidio quodam et satietate abalienari,

Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 98; cf.: si (eloquentia) et ex copia satietatem et ex amplitudine fastidium tulerit, Quint. 5, 14, 30:

nescis quantum interdum afferat hominibus fastidii, quantum satietatis,

Cic. Mur. 9, 21:

satiari fastidio similitudinis,

id. de Or. 3, 50, 193:

nulla voluptas est, quae non assiduitate fastidium pariat,

Plin. 12, 17, 40, § 81:

vitato assiduitatis fastidio,

Suet. Tib. 10:

rudem esse omnino in nostris poëtis, aut inertissimae segnitiae est, aut fastidii delicatissimi,

Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 5:

quae habent ad res certas vitiosam offensionem atque fastidium,

id. Tusc. 4, 10, 23:

audiendi,

id. Opt. Gen. 4, 12:

insolens domesticarum rerum,

id. Fin. 1, 3, 10:

omnis stultitia laborat fastidio sui,

Sen. Ep. 9 fin.:

nec id fit fastidio meo,

Cic. Phil. 12, 8, 20:

ne sit fastidio Graecos sequi,

Plin. 7, 1, 1, § 8:

ipsum lignum in fastidio est,

is despised, id. 12, 19, 42, § 91; cf.:

aliquid fastidio damnare,

id. 11, 2, 1, § 4: non omnia (i. e. arbores) in omnibus locis nasci docuimus, nec translata vivere: hoc alias fastidio evenit, fastidious or delicate nature, id. 16, 32, 58, § 134.—In plur.:

non tam ea, quae recta essent, probari, quam quae prava sunt, fastidiis adhaerescere,

Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 258; cf.:

spectatoris fastidia ferre superbi,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 215:

opem ferre poëtis antiquis contra fastidia nostra,

id. S. 1, 10, 7:

matri longa decem tulerunt fastidia menses,

Verg. E. 4, 61.—

In partic. (with the notion of fastus predominating), scornful contempt, haughtiness, pride (syn.:

elatio, vanitas, arrogantia, superbia, fastus): ex eorum (divitiorum) fastidio et superbia (regna) nata esse commemorant,

Cic. Rep. 1, 32 Mos. N. cr.; cf.:

superbiam magno opere, fastidium arrogantiamque fugiamus,

id. Off. 1, 26, 90; id. Agr. 1, 7, 20; cf.:

superbia et fastidio amplissimos honores repudiare,

Plin. Pan. 55, 4:

si essent arrogantes, non possem ferre fastidium,

id. Phil. 10, 9, 18:

efferri fastidio et contumaciā,

Cic. Lael. 15, 54.—In plur.:

superba pati fastidia?

Verg. E. 2, 15:

oderunt fastidia divi,

Tib. 1, 8, 69:

qui tulerit Meroes fastidia longa superbae,

Calp. E. 11, 50:

veteris fastidia quercus,

Juv. 14, 184.

prō-mitto, mīsi, missum, 3 (sync. forms:

promisti for promisisti,

Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 17; Cat. 110, 3:

promisse for promisisse,

id. 110, 5:

promissem,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 12; archaic inf. pass. promittier, id. ib. 4, 8, 32), v. a.

Lit., to let go forward, to send or put forth, to let hang down, let grow, etc. (rare;

not in Cic.): ramos vel ferro compescunt vel longius promittunt,

suffer to grow longer, Col. 5, 6, 11.—Reflex., to grow:

nec ulla arborum avidius se promittit,

Plin. 16, 26, 44, § 107.—Of the hair, the beard, to let hang down, let grow:

satis constat multos mortales capillum ac barbam promisisse,

Liv. 6, 16, 4; 5, 41; cf.:

pogoniae, quibus inferiore ex parte promittitur juba,

Plin. 2, 25, 22, § 89.— Transf.:

(Sonus lusciniae) promittitur revocato spiritu,

is drawn out, prolonged, Plin. 10, 29, 43, § 82;

Gallia est longe et a nostris litoribus huc usque promissa,

Mel. 1, 3; v. infra, P. a.—

Trop., of speech.

To say beforehand, to forebode, foretell, predict, prophesy (very rare):

praesertim cum, si mihi alterum utrum de eventu rerum promittendum esset, id futurum, quod evenit, exploratius possem promittere,

Cic. Fam. 6, 1, 5:

ut (di) primis minentur extis, bene promittant secundis,

id. Div. 2, 17, 38.—Of signs or omens, to forebode, portend:

pari in meliora praesagio in Caesaris castris omnia aves victimaeque promiserant,

Flor. 4, 7, 9:

promittunt omina poenas,

Val. Fl. 6, 730: clarum fore (Servium) visa circa caput flamma promiserat, Flor 1, 6, 1; 1, 7, 9.—Also, in gen., to denote beforehand:

stella... vindemiae maturitatem promittens,

Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 309.—

To promise, hold out, cause to expect, give hope or promise of, assure (class. and freq.; syn.: polliceor, spondeo, recipio), constr. with acc., an object-clause, or de:

domum,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 28:

sestertia septem,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 81:

carmen,

id. Epod. 14, 7, dona, Ov Tr. 4, 2, 7:

auxilium alicui,

id. M. 13, 325:

opem,

id. F 5, 247:

salutem,

Luc. 4, 235:

ea quae tibi promitto ac recipio,

Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 5:

si Neptunus quod Theseo promiserat, non fecisset,

id. Off. 1, 10, 32:

dii faxint, ut faciat ea quae promittit!

id. Att. 16, 1, 6.— With inf. (usu. fut. inf.):

promitto, recipio, spondeo, C. Caesarem talem semper fore civem, qualis hodie sit,

Cic. Phil. 5, 18, 51; cf.:

promitto, in meque recipio fore eum, etc.,

id. Fam. 13, 10, 3:

quem inimicissimum futurum esse promitto et spondeo,

id. Mur. 41, 90:

surrepturum pallam promisit tibi,

Plaut. As. 5, 2, 80; id. Aul. 2, 2, 42; cf. id. Men. 5, 4, 6:

promisit Apollo Ambiguam tellure novā Salamina futuram,

Hor. C. 1, 7, 28; id. S. 1, 6, 34.—With inf. pres.:

si operam dare promittitis,

Plaut. Trin. prol. 5; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 79; id. Rud. 2, 6, 56: magorum vanitas ebrietati eas resistere [p. 1465] promittit, Plin. 37, 9, 40, § 124; cf.:

se remedium afferer tantamque vim morbi levaturum esse promisit,

Curt. 3, 6, 2 monstrare, Amm. 22, 7, 5:

promittere oratorem,

to give promise of becoming, Sen. Contr 4, 29, 10; cf.:

per ea scelera se parricidam,

excite fears lest he become, Quint. Decl. 1, 6:

me Promisi ultorem,

Verg. A. 2, 96.—With de:

de alicujus voluntate promittere,

Cic. Fam. 7, 5, 1:

de me tibi sic promitto atque confirmo, me, etc.,

id. ib. 3, 10, 1; Hor. S. 1, 4, 103:

promittere damni infecti,

i. e. to promise indemnification for, become answerable for the possible damage, Cic. Top 4, 22.—

With ut and subj.:

promiserat ut daret,

Vulg. 2 Par. 21, 7.—Of things' terra ipsa promittit (aquas), gives promise of, leads one to expect water, Plin. 31, 3, 27, § 45:

debet extremitas (picturae) sic desinere, ut promittat alia post se,

to lead one to suppose, to suggest, id. 35, 10, 36, § 68; Sen. Hippol. 569.—

In partic.

To promise to come, to engage one's self to meet any one, to dine, sup, etc., Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 19 sq.; 4, 2, 16:

ad fratrem,

Cic. de Or. 2, 7, 27:

ad cenam mihi,

Phaedr. 4, 23, 15; Petr. 10; so,

tibi me promittere noli,

to expect me, Ov. M. 11, 662.—

To promise something to a deity, i. e. to vow:

donum Jovi dicatum atque promissum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 72, § 184:

nigras pecudes Diti,

Tib. 3, 5, 33; Juv 13, 233; Petr 88; Flor. 1, 11, 4.—

To offer as a price (post-Aug.):

pro domo sestertium millies promittens,

Plin. 17. 1, 1, § 3. —Hence, prōmissus, a, um, P a.

Lit., hanging down, long; of the hair: coma, Varr. ap. Non. 362, 32; Liv. 38, 17, 3; Ov. Tr. 4, 2, 34:

Britanni capillo sunt promisso,

Caes. B. G. 5, 14; so,

capillus,

Nep. Dat. 3, 1:

barba,

Verg. E. 8, 34; Liv. 2, 23, 4:

barba omnibus promissa erat,

id. 5, 41, 9; Plin. Ep. 2, 7, 7; Just. 4, 4, 1.—Of the dewlap:

boves palearibus amplis et paene ad genua promissis,

Col. 6, 1, 3.—Of the belly:

sues ventre promisso,

Col. 7, 9, 1.—

Subst.: prōmissum, i, n., a promise (very freq. in prose and poetry; cf.

promissio, pollicitatio),

Cic. Verr 2, 5, 53, § 139:

voto quodam et promisso teneri,

id. Att. 12, 18, 1:

constantia promissi,

id. ib. 4, 17, 1:

promissum absolvere,

Varr. R. R. 2, 11, 1:

facere,

Cic. Off. 1, 10, 31; 3, 25, 95:

exigere,

id. ib. 3, 25, 94:

ludere aliquem promisso inani,

Ov. F. 3, 685.—In plur.:

pacta et promissa servare,

Cic. Off. 3, 24, 92:

illis promissis standum non est, quae, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 10, 32:

promissis manere,

Verg. A. 2, 160:

promissa firmare,

Ov. M. 10, 430:

multa fidem promissa levant,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 10:

dic aliquid dignum promissis,

id. S. 2, 3, 6:

quo promissa (Ennii) cadant,

i. e. the expectations which he raises, id. Ep. 2, 1, 52:

promissa dare,

to make promises, Cat. 63, 239; to fulfil, Ov. M. 2, 51.

xystĭcus, a, um, adj., = xustikos, of or belonging to a xystus.

Adj.:

vanitas,

i. e. of the athletes, Tert. Pud. 7 med. —

Subst.: xystĭci, ōrum, m., athletes, Suet. Aug. 45; Dig. 3, 2, 4; Inscr. Grut. 332, 6.

xystĭcus, a, um, adj., = xustikos, of or belonging to a xystus.

Adj.:

vanitas,

i. e. of the athletes, Tert. Pud. 7 med. —

Subst.: xystĭci, ōrum, m., athletes, Suet. Aug. 45; Dig. 3, 2, 4; Inscr. Grut. 332, 6.