to+scrape

גָּרַרI (b. h.; v. גָּרָה) (to produce a grating, scraping sound, 1) to scratch, scrape, shave (v. גָּרַד, גָּרַע I). Sabb.VIII, 6 (81a). כדי לִגְרֹורוכ׳ (Ar. a. Y. ed. לגרוד) large enough to scrape with it the top R. Hash. 27b גְּרָרֹו Ms. M. (ed. גרדו), v. גֶּלֶד. Keth.60a; Kerith. 21b גֹּורְרֹווכ׳ he must scrape the blood off before eating the bread; a. fr.Part. pass. גָּרוּר, v. גָּרוּד. 2) to drag, to move without lifting; (also neut. verb) to follow. Sabb.29b, a. fr. גורר אדםוכ׳ one may, on the Sabbath, pull or push a couch (on the floor). Y.Kil.I, 27b bot. לא יָגֹור אדםוכ׳ one must not pull Tanḥ. Thazr. 8 גְּרָרוּהוּ מקברו they dragged him out of his grave. Tosef.Erub.XI (VIII), 13; Tosef.Bets.II, 19 דלת הגֹּורֶרֶת … הגֹּורְרִים (Y.Erub.X, 26b bot. גודרת, corr. acc., v. גָּדַר) a door which drags along the ground (on opening), a matting which is moved by dragging, or large kegs which ; Erub.101a דלת הנִגְרֶרֶת … הנִגְרָר. Cant R. to II, 15 אני גֹורְרוֹ למבולו I will drag him to the flood in which to perish; a. fr.Tanḥ. Thazr. 9 (ref. to Ps. 5:5 יגרך) אין אתה נגרר … ואין הרעה גֹורֶרֶת אותךוכ׳ neither art thou dragged behind (attracted by) evil, nor does evil drag (have power over) thee, nor does it dwell with thee; Yalk. Kings 231 אין אתה גורר אחר … גוררת אחריך.Part. pass. גָּרוּר dragged along, hanging on.Pl. גְּרוּרִים, גְּרוּרִין. Num. R. s. 18 ח׳ ג׳ eight threads dragged along (as fringes; Tanḥ. Korah 12 ח׳ חוטין). Ab. Zar.3b, a. e. גרים ג׳ proselytes who have attached themselves but have not been admitted, v. גֵּר. 3) to carry with it, to cause; to affect (v. גָּרַם). Y.Hor.I, 46a bot.; Y.Pes.VII, 34c שבט אחד גֹּורֵרוכ׳ (a majority of) one tribe affects the legal status of the entire nation, i. e. the majority of tribes (seven) decides, though it may be a minority of the people as a whole. Lev. R. s. 13, end (play on gerah, Lev. 11:4 sq.) גָּרְרָה מלכותוכ׳ carried another government after it, i. e. was followed by another oppressive government. Ab. IV, 2 מצוה גֹורֶרֶתוכ׳ a good deed begets a good deed Tosef.Sabb.XV (XVI), 6 (read:) אין גֹּורֵרוכ׳ it is not considered a corpse so as to cause uncleanness to man or vessels. 4) to saw, split. Sabb.XVII, 2 (122b) a saw (may be used on the Sabbath) לָגֹור בהוכ׳ (Ms. M. לִגְרֹור, Mish. ed. Pes. לגָרֵר, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) to saw cheese with it. Ohol. XV, 8 עתיד לָגֹור Ar. intended to be sawed apart (ed. לגוד, fr. גדד, v. Tosef. ib. XV, 8). Tosef.Kel.B. Mets.II, 18 לָגֹורוכ׳ to saw off a part Nif. נִגְרַר 1) to be dragged, pulled. Erub.X, 11 נגר הנג׳ a bolt which is dragged along (with the door, i. e. attached and hanging down). Ib. 101a, v. supra. Tanḥ. Thazr. 9, v. supra. Bets.II, 10 (23b) אינה נִגְרֶרֶת; ib. אין נִגְרָרִין must not be dragged or pulled, a. fr. 2) to be scraped, planed. B. Kam. 119b הנ׳ במגירה shavings, opp. נפסק במגירה chips.Nidd.55b נִגְרָרִין דרך הפה (secretions of the nose) scraped (discharged) through the mouth (v. גָּרַף). Pi. גֵּירַר, גֵּרַר 1) to drag. Pes.IV, 9 (56a) ג׳ עצמותוכ׳ he had the bones of his father carried out on a bed of ropes. Ib. I, 2 (9a); a. fr.Tosef.Sabb.VI (VII), 1 (a superstitious custom) המְגָרֶרֶת בנהוכ׳ Var. (ed. Zuck. המגוררת) one who drags her son among the dead (to the cemetery). 2) to scrape, plane. Ib. XVI (XVII), 19 מְגָרְרָן he may scrape them (clean his feet of mud). Tosef.Kel.B. Mets.II, 17; Ḥull.25a עתיד … לגָרֵר requiring planing for finish; a. fr.Part. pass. מְגֹורָר a) scratched, full of scabs. Gen. R. s. 64 (play on מגרר, Gen. 26:26) ד״א מג׳וכ׳ another explanation is mgorar, for eruptions grew on him (with ref. to Job 2:8); Yalk. ib. 111; v. גָּרַר II. b) planed. Tosef.Sot.XV, 1 מְגֹורָרוֹת במגר׳ היו Var. (ed. Zuck. היה מְגָרֵר) the stones were planed with a plane. Hithpa. הִתְגָּרֵר to be scraped. Tosef.Sabb. XVI (XVII), 19 אין מִתְגָּרְרִין במגוררת ed. Zuck. (Var. מגרדין במגרדת, Sabb.147b גוררין במגררת, Ms. M. גודרין במגדירה, corr. acc.) one must not be scraped with a strigil. Ib. XXII, 6 (147a) מתגררין, Talm. ed. (Mish. מִתְגָּרְדִין, v. Rabb. D. S. to 147b>, note 70).

גָּרַרI (b. h.; v. גָּרָה) (to produce a grating, scraping sound, 1) to scratch, scrape, shave (v. גָּרַד, גָּרַע I). Sabb.VIII, 6 (81a). כדי לִגְרֹורוכ׳ (Ar. a. Y. ed. לגרוד) large enough to scrape with it the top R. Hash. 27b גְּרָרֹו Ms. M. (ed. גרדו), v. גֶּלֶד. Keth.60a; Kerith. 21b גֹּורְרֹווכ׳ he must scrape the blood off before eating the bread; a. fr.Part. pass. גָּרוּר, v. גָּרוּד. 2) to drag, to move without lifting; (also neut. verb) to follow. Sabb.29b, a. fr. גורר אדםוכ׳ one may, on the Sabbath, pull or push a couch (on the floor). Y.Kil.I, 27b bot. לא יָגֹור אדםוכ׳ one must not pull Tanḥ. Thazr. 8 גְּרָרוּהוּ מקברו they dragged him out of his grave. Tosef.Erub.XI (VIII), 13; Tosef.Bets.II, 19 דלת הגֹּורֶרֶת … הגֹּורְרִים (Y.Erub.X, 26b bot. גודרת, corr. acc., v. גָּדַר) a door which drags along the ground (on opening), a matting which is moved by dragging, or large kegs which ; Erub.101a דלת הנִגְרֶרֶת … הנִגְרָר. Cant R. to II, 15 אני גֹורְרוֹ למבולו I will drag him to the flood in which to perish; a. fr.Tanḥ. Thazr. 9 (ref. to Ps. 5:5 יגרך) אין אתה נגרר … ואין הרעה גֹורֶרֶת אותךוכ׳ neither art thou dragged behind (attracted by) evil, nor does evil drag (have power over) thee, nor does it dwell with thee; Yalk. Kings 231 אין אתה גורר אחר … גוררת אחריך.Part. pass. גָּרוּר dragged along, hanging on.Pl. גְּרוּרִים, גְּרוּרִין. Num. R. s. 18 ח׳ ג׳ eight threads dragged along (as fringes; Tanḥ. Korah 12 ח׳ חוטין). Ab. Zar.3b, a. e. גרים ג׳ proselytes who have attached themselves but have not been admitted, v. גֵּר. 3) to carry with it, to cause; to affect (v. גָּרַם). Y.Hor.I, 46a bot.; Y.Pes.VII, 34c שבט אחד גֹּורֵרוכ׳ (a majority of) one tribe affects the legal status of the entire nation, i. e. the majority of tribes (seven) decides, though it may be a minority of the people as a whole. Lev. R. s. 13, end (play on gerah, Lev. 11:4 sq.) גָּרְרָה מלכותוכ׳ carried another government after it, i. e. was followed by another oppressive government. Ab. IV, 2 מצוה גֹורֶרֶתוכ׳ a good deed begets a good deed Tosef.Sabb.XV (XVI), 6 (read:) אין גֹּורֵרוכ׳ it is not considered a corpse so as to cause uncleanness to man or vessels. 4) to saw, split. Sabb.XVII, 2 (122b) a saw (may be used on the Sabbath) לָגֹור בהוכ׳ (Ms. M. לִגְרֹור, Mish. ed. Pes. לגָרֵר, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) to saw cheese with it. Ohol. XV, 8 עתיד לָגֹור Ar. intended to be sawed apart (ed. לגוד, fr. גדד, v. Tosef. ib. XV, 8). Tosef.Kel.B. Mets.II, 18 לָגֹורוכ׳ to saw off a part Nif. נִגְרַר 1) to be dragged, pulled. Erub.X, 11 נגר הנג׳ a bolt which is dragged along (with the door, i. e. attached and hanging down). Ib. 101a, v. supra. Tanḥ. Thazr. 9, v. supra. Bets.II, 10 (23b) אינה נִגְרֶרֶת; ib. אין נִגְרָרִין must not be dragged or pulled, a. fr. 2) to be scraped, planed. B. Kam. 119b הנ׳ במגירה shavings, opp. נפסק במגירה chips.Nidd.55b נִגְרָרִין דרך הפה (secretions of the nose) scraped (discharged) through the mouth (v. גָּרַף). Pi. גֵּירַר, גֵּרַר 1) to drag. Pes.IV, 9 (56a) ג׳ עצמותוכ׳ he had the bones of his father carried out on a bed of ropes. Ib. I, 2 (9a); a. fr.Tosef.Sabb.VI (VII), 1 (a superstitious custom) המְגָרֶרֶת בנהוכ׳ Var. (ed. Zuck. המגוררת) one who drags her son among the dead (to the cemetery). 2) to scrape, plane. Ib. XVI (XVII), 19 מְגָרְרָן he may scrape them (clean his feet of mud). Tosef.Kel.B. Mets.II, 17; Ḥull.25a עתיד … לגָרֵר requiring planing for finish; a. fr.Part. pass. מְגֹורָר a) scratched, full of scabs. Gen. R. s. 64 (play on מגרר, Gen. 26:26) ד״א מג׳וכ׳ another explanation is mgorar, for eruptions grew on him (with ref. to Job 2:8); Yalk. ib. 111; v. גָּרַר II. b) planed. Tosef.Sot.XV, 1 מְגֹורָרוֹת במגר׳ היו Var. (ed. Zuck. היה מְגָרֵר) the stones were planed with a plane. Hithpa. הִתְגָּרֵר to be scraped. Tosef.Sabb. XVI (XVII), 19 אין מִתְגָּרְרִין במגוררת ed. Zuck. (Var. מגרדין במגרדת, Sabb.147b גוררין במגררת, Ms. M. גודרין במגדירה, corr. acc.) one must not be scraped with a strigil. Ib. XXII, 6 (147a) מתגררין, Talm. ed. (Mish. מִתְגָּרְדִין, v. Rabb. D. S. to 147b>, note 70).

גָּדַף(b. h.; cmp. preced.) to cut, scrape. Part. pass. גָּדוּף, pl. גְּדוּפִין. Pes.42a מים הג׳ Ar., v. גָּרַף.מיתה גְדוּפָה, v. infra. Pi. גִּדֵּף, גִּידֵּף 1) to hollow out, scrape or chisel so as to form an enclosure or rim (cmp. גדפא, גדנפא). 2) to scrape, to empty to the dregs. Kerith. 7b (explain. מגדף, Num. 15:30, as a metaphor) as one says to his neighbor גִּדַּפְתָּ את הקערה וחיסרת Ar. (ed. גֵירַ׳; Sifré Num. 112 גֵרַרְתָּה מןוכ׳) thou hast scraped out the dish and lessened the thickness of the vessel (i. e. besides worshipping the forces of Nature to impair, so to speak, the supremacy of the Creator); he who thus explains, is of the opinion that מגדף means blaspheming the Divine Name; ג׳ הקערה ולאוכ׳ thou hast scraped the dish clean but not impaired it (i. e. to worship natural forces without denying the Divine supremacy); he who thus explains, is of the opinion that מגדף is a worshipper of idols; Y.Snh.VII, 25b top גיר׳ את כלוכ׳ thou hast emptied the whole dish and left nothing in it, i. e. thou hast erased the entire Law; Sifré l. c. גררתהוכ׳).Trnsf. (cmp. ארר, קלל, נקב) to blaspheme (God); to revile, reproach. Kerith. I, 2 אף המְגַדֵּף the blasphemer is also excluded from the rule (and has not to offer a sacrifice in the case of sinning through ignorance); expl. ib. 7b, v. supra. Snh.VII, 5; a. fr.Num. R. s. 10 לפי שהיה מחרפם ומְגַדְּפָם בנחיצה לכן מת מיתה גְדוּפָהוכ׳ because be (Sisera) disgraced and reviled them (the Israelites) with oppressive measures, therefore he died an ignominious death, for (the Lord) delivered him into the hands of a woman; a. fr.

גָּדַף(b. h.; cmp. preced.) to cut, scrape. Part. pass. גָּדוּף, pl. גְּדוּפִין. Pes.42a מים הג׳ Ar., v. גָּרַף.מיתה גְדוּפָה, v. infra. Pi. גִּדֵּף, גִּידֵּף 1) to hollow out, scrape or chisel so as to form an enclosure or rim (cmp. גדפא, גדנפא). 2) to scrape, to empty to the dregs. Kerith. 7b (explain. מגדף, Num. 15:30, as a metaphor) as one says to his neighbor גִּדַּפְתָּ את הקערה וחיסרת Ar. (ed. גֵירַ׳; Sifré Num. 112 גֵרַרְתָּה מןוכ׳) thou hast scraped out the dish and lessened the thickness of the vessel (i. e. besides worshipping the forces of Nature to impair, so to speak, the supremacy of the Creator); he who thus explains, is of the opinion that מגדף means blaspheming the Divine Name; ג׳ הקערה ולאוכ׳ thou hast scraped the dish clean but not impaired it (i. e. to worship natural forces without denying the Divine supremacy); he who thus explains, is of the opinion that מגדף is a worshipper of idols; Y.Snh.VII, 25b top גיר׳ את כלוכ׳ thou hast emptied the whole dish and left nothing in it, i. e. thou hast erased the entire Law; Sifré l. c. גררתהוכ׳).Trnsf. (cmp. ארר, קלל, נקב) to blaspheme (God); to revile, reproach. Kerith. I, 2 אף המְגַדֵּף the blasphemer is also excluded from the rule (and has not to offer a sacrifice in the case of sinning through ignorance); expl. ib. 7b, v. supra. Snh.VII, 5; a. fr.Num. R. s. 10 לפי שהיה מחרפם ומְגַדְּפָם בנחיצה לכן מת מיתה גְדוּפָהוכ׳ because be (Sisera) disgraced and reviled them (the Israelites) with oppressive measures, therefore he died an ignominious death, for (the Lord) delivered him into the hands of a woman; a. fr.

קָפַלII (transpos. of קלף; cmp. Syr. קפל, P. Sm. 3691, sq.) to scrape, eat away. Sifré Num. 85 (read:) ירדה … קוֹפֶלֶת ומחתה בהם מתחתיהם fire came down from heaven, and it was eating away and digging among them from under them; Yalk. ib. 732 (read:) קופלת ומחתה בהם. Pi. קִיפּל to scrape off. M. Kat. 9b בסיד … לקַפְּלוֹ במועד a lime paste which you may scrape off during the festive week.Sot.35b, Rashi to Ḥull.44a וקפלו את האבנים, ‘they scraped the stones by confounding with ib. 36a וקילפו את הסיד. Hithpa. הִתְקַפֵּל to be scraped; (of glassware) to be cut or engraven. Y.Succ.IV, 54d top מהו … שהיתה מִתְקַפֶּלֶת what kind of white glass is meant? Cut (or engraved) glass.

קָפַלII (transpos. of קלף; cmp. Syr. קפל, P. Sm. 3691, sq.) to scrape, eat away. Sifré Num. 85 (read:) ירדה … קוֹפֶלֶת ומחתה בהם מתחתיהם fire came down from heaven, and it was eating away and digging among them from under them; Yalk. ib. 732 (read:) קופלת ומחתה בהם. Pi. קִיפּל to scrape off. M. Kat. 9b בסיד … לקַפְּלוֹ במועד a lime paste which you may scrape off during the festive week.Sot.35b, Rashi to Ḥull.44a וקפלו את האבנים, ‘they scraped the stones by confounding with ib. 36a וקילפו את הסיד. Hithpa. הִתְקַפֵּל to be scraped; (of glassware) to be cut or engraven. Y.Succ.IV, 54d top מהו … שהיתה מִתְקַפֶּלֶת what kind of white glass is meant? Cut (or engraved) glass.

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גָּרַף(b. h.; v. גרר) to scrape, sweep, esp. to remove ashes and coal from the stove; to scrape together, collect. Kel. VIII, 11 היתה גֹורְפָתֹו if while she was sweeping it (the stove) Sabb.III, 1 עד שיִגְרֹוף not before he has swept it.Y.Peah VII, 20b top (ref. to Joel 1:17) תחת שהיינו גֹורְפִיםוכ׳ in place of collecting honey (from beehives or trees), we collected foul matter. Sabb.XVII, 2 לִגְרֹוף בהוכ׳ to grab with it the figs out of the barrel; a. fr.Gen. R. s. 67 גּוֹרֶפֶת מחוטמה blowing her nose (v. גָּרַר).Part. pass. גָּרוּף, f. גְּרוּפָה cleared of ashes, swept. Sabb.III, 4, v. אַנְטִיכִי; a. fr.(Gen. R. s. 53 ג׳ מביתו שלוכ׳ (Isaac is) the refuse of, comment.; v., however, גְּרֹוף. Pi. גֵּירַף same. Kerith. 7b; Y.Snh.VII, 25b top, v. גָּדַף.

גָּרַף(b. h.; v. גרר) to scrape, sweep, esp. to remove ashes and coal from the stove; to scrape together, collect. Kel. VIII, 11 היתה גֹורְפָתֹו if while she was sweeping it (the stove) Sabb.III, 1 עד שיִגְרֹוף not before he has swept it.Y.Peah VII, 20b top (ref. to Joel 1:17) תחת שהיינו גֹורְפִיםוכ׳ in place of collecting honey (from beehives or trees), we collected foul matter. Sabb.XVII, 2 לִגְרֹוף בהוכ׳ to grab with it the figs out of the barrel; a. fr.Gen. R. s. 67 גּוֹרֶפֶת מחוטמה blowing her nose (v. גָּרַר).Part. pass. גָּרוּף, f. גְּרוּפָה cleared of ashes, swept. Sabb.III, 4, v. אַנְטִיכִי; a. fr.(Gen. R. s. 53 ג׳ מביתו שלוכ׳ (Isaac is) the refuse of, comment.; v., however, גְּרֹוף. Pi. גֵּירַף same. Kerith. 7b; Y.Snh.VII, 25b top, v. גָּדַף.

גְּרַרch. sam(גרר Ito produce a grating, scraping sound); 1) to drag, pull, push.Part. pass. גְּרִיר dragged, following, guided by. Targ. Y. II Ex. 14:25 גְּרֵירַן רכ׳ (some ed. גריד׳) pushed from behind.B. Kam.18b בתר גופיה גְּרִירִין they are clinging to his body. Taan.24a אנן בתרייהו גרירין Rashi (ed. גררינן, read גְּרִירִינָן, Ms. M. קאזלינן) we must be guided by their order. Ab. Zar.72b all the wine in the barrel אגישתא … ג׳ moves towards the siphon. B. Mets.85a דג׳ עלמאוכ׳ that all the world followed David. 2) to scratch, scrape. Targ. Jud. 8:16, v. גְּרַד.Ḥull.83b ולִיגְרְרֵיה ונכסי (Ar. גרד) let him scrape off the blood and cover it. Ib. ונִגְרֹור.Part. גָּרֵיר Ib. 3) to rub, to whet the appetite. Ber.35b כי היכי דנִגְרְרֵיה לליביה (Ar. everywhere גרד) in order to stimulate his appetite. Ib. טובא גָרֵיר a large quantity has an appetizing effect. Pes.107b מִגְרַר גָּרֵיר. Sabb.140b משום דג׳ because it stimulates the appetite. Pa. גָּרֵיר to make appetizing. Esth. R. to, 9 (read:) אנא מְגָרֵירוכ׳ I will make their drinks appetizing (induce them to get intoxicated, interpreting Jer. 51:39; differ. in comment.). 2) to saw off. Targ. Y. Deut. 33:20 דמְגָרֵרוכ׳ (or דמַגְרַר Af., ed. דמִגְרַר, corr. acc.) for he cuts off the arm (II מַפְרַק). Ithpa. אִתְגָּרַר 1) to be dragged. Y.Kidd.I, 60d large bags דארחיהון מִתְגָּרְרָה which are commonly dragged (not lifted). 2) to stimulate, instigate one another. Targ. Ps. 22:8 מִתְגָּרְרִין (some ed. מִתְגָּרְדִין, ed. Lag. מִתְגָּרִין, fr. גרי; h. text יפטירו).

גְּרַרch. sam(גרר Ito produce a grating, scraping sound); 1) to drag, pull, push.Part. pass. גְּרִיר dragged, following, guided by. Targ. Y. II Ex. 14:25 גְּרֵירַן רכ׳ (some ed. גריד׳) pushed from behind.B. Kam.18b בתר גופיה גְּרִירִין they are clinging to his body. Taan.24a אנן בתרייהו גרירין Rashi (ed. גררינן, read גְּרִירִינָן, Ms. M. קאזלינן) we must be guided by their order. Ab. Zar.72b all the wine in the barrel אגישתא … ג׳ moves towards the siphon. B. Mets.85a דג׳ עלמאוכ׳ that all the world followed David. 2) to scratch, scrape. Targ. Jud. 8:16, v. גְּרַד.Ḥull.83b ולִיגְרְרֵיה ונכסי (Ar. גרד) let him scrape off the blood and cover it. Ib. ונִגְרֹור.Part. גָּרֵיר Ib. 3) to rub, to whet the appetite. Ber.35b כי היכי דנִגְרְרֵיה לליביה (Ar. everywhere גרד) in order to stimulate his appetite. Ib. טובא גָרֵיר a large quantity has an appetizing effect. Pes.107b מִגְרַר גָּרֵיר. Sabb.140b משום דג׳ because it stimulates the appetite. Pa. גָּרֵיר to make appetizing. Esth. R. to, 9 (read:) אנא מְגָרֵירוכ׳ I will make their drinks appetizing (induce them to get intoxicated, interpreting Jer. 51:39; differ. in comment.). 2) to saw off. Targ. Y. Deut. 33:20 דמְגָרֵרוכ׳ (or דמַגְרַר Af., ed. דמִגְרַר, corr. acc.) for he cuts off the arm (II מַפְרַק). Ithpa. אִתְגָּרַר 1) to be dragged. Y.Kidd.I, 60d large bags דארחיהון מִתְגָּרְרָה which are commonly dragged (not lifted). 2) to stimulate, instigate one another. Targ. Ps. 22:8 מִתְגָּרְרִין (some ed. מִתְגָּרְדִין, ed. Lag. מִתְגָּרִין, fr. גרי; h. text יפטירו).

חָרַף(b. h.) 1) to scrape, sharpen, grind.Part. pass. חָרוּף, f. חֲרוּפָה, pl. חֲרוּפוֹת. Pesik. R. s. 21 פנים ח׳ sharp (severe) countenance (Var. הדופות).Trnsf. to deflour, v. infra. 2) (cmp. חלף) to change, transform; to change possession. Part. pass. f. חֲרוּפָה designated for change of condition, v. חֲרוּפָה. Nif. נֶחֱרַף 1) (of grist) to be ground; trnsf. to be defloured, have intercourse. Y.Kidd.I, 59a top (expl. Lev. 19:20) נֶחֱרֶפֶת … בכתושה לפני איש ‘neḥĕrefeth by a man means crushed before a man (with ref. to Prov. 27:22, v. הֲרִיפוֹת). 2) to change condition. Kerith. 11a (ref. to נחרפת explained by בְּעוּלָה) מאי משמע … דשנויי הוא (Rashi: דשינויא) what proof is there that neḥĕrefeth has the meaning of change from natural condition? Answ. ref. to הָרִיפוֹת (2 Sam. 17:19) and to Prov. l. c. Pi. חֵרֵף, חֵירֵף (cmp. גָּרַף, גָּדַף) ( to scrape off, to revile, blaspheme, shame. Lev. R. s. 7, end מְחָרֶפֶת ומגדפת she (Rome) blasphemes and reviles. Num. R. s. 10 מְחָרְפָם, v. גָּדַף. Snh.94a, sq. שחי׳ע״יוכ׳ who blasphemed (the Lord) through a messenger; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְחָרֵף, Nithpa. נִתְחָרֵף 1) to be reviled. Midr. Till. to Ps. 74, end שמִתְחָרֵף ומתנאץ which is reviled and blasphemed. Ib. to Ps. 18:1 עד שנִתְחָרַפְתִּי until I was reviled; a. e. 2) to become white, pale. Tanḥ. Bresh. 12 (play on קיץ וחרף) שתהיו מתקייצין ופניכם מִתְחָרְפִין (some ed. מתחפרין) that you will feel nauseous and your faces become pale.

חָרַף(b. h.) 1) to scrape, sharpen, grind.Part. pass. חָרוּף, f. חֲרוּפָה, pl. חֲרוּפוֹת. Pesik. R. s. 21 פנים ח׳ sharp (severe) countenance (Var. הדופות).Trnsf. to deflour, v. infra. 2) (cmp. חלף) to change, transform; to change possession. Part. pass. f. חֲרוּפָה designated for change of condition, v. חֲרוּפָה. Nif. נֶחֱרַף 1) (of grist) to be ground; trnsf. to be defloured, have intercourse. Y.Kidd.I, 59a top (expl. Lev. 19:20) נֶחֱרֶפֶת … בכתושה לפני איש ‘neḥĕrefeth by a man means crushed before a man (with ref. to Prov. 27:22, v. הֲרִיפוֹת). 2) to change condition. Kerith. 11a (ref. to נחרפת explained by בְּעוּלָה) מאי משמע … דשנויי הוא (Rashi: דשינויא) what proof is there that neḥĕrefeth has the meaning of change from natural condition? Answ. ref. to הָרִיפוֹת (2 Sam. 17:19) and to Prov. l. c. Pi. חֵרֵף, חֵירֵף (cmp. גָּרַף, גָּדַף) ( to scrape off, to revile, blaspheme, shame. Lev. R. s. 7, end מְחָרֶפֶת ומגדפת she (Rome) blasphemes and reviles. Num. R. s. 10 מְחָרְפָם, v. גָּדַף. Snh.94a, sq. שחי׳ע״יוכ׳ who blasphemed (the Lord) through a messenger; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְחָרֵף, Nithpa. נִתְחָרֵף 1) to be reviled. Midr. Till. to Ps. 74, end שמִתְחָרֵף ומתנאץ which is reviled and blasphemed. Ib. to Ps. 18:1 עד שנִתְחָרַפְתִּי until I was reviled; a. e. 2) to become white, pale. Tanḥ. Bresh. 12 (play on קיץ וחרף) שתהיו מתקייצין ופניכם מִתְחָרְפִין (some ed. מתחפרין) that you will feel nauseous and your faces become pale.

קָמַץ(b. h.) 1) to compress, close the hand, grasp. Pes.VII, 2 יִקְמוֹץ את מקומו he must grab (take a handful of the flour from) its place (where the juice has dripped on it).Esp. to take a fistful (קוֹמֶץ) of the meal-offering (by bending three fingers over to the wrist and striking the flour off with the thumb on top and with the little finger below). Sifra Vayikra, Ndab., ch. X, Par. 9 יכול יקמוץוכ׳ you may think he may grab with the tips of his fingers, Ib. יכול מצוה שיִקְמְצֶנָּה … קְמָצָהּוכ׳ you may think the proper thing is for the priest to take off the fistful, but if a layman did it, it is legal. Men.II, 1 הקוֹמֵץ אתוכ׳ if the priest takes a grab of the meal-offering with the intention of eating ; a. fr.Part. pass. קָמוּץ closed. Cant. R. to VIII, 14 צבי … ועינו אחת קְמוּצָה the deer when sleeping has one eye open and one closed. 2) to leap. Yalk. Ps. 685 קומץ כאיל, v. קָפַץ. Hif. הִקְמִיץ to perform the קְמִיצָה. Lev. R. s. 3 ה׳ ואכלוכ׳ he took the handful for the altar, and ate the rest. Nif. נִקְמָץ to be grabbed from. Men.III, 3 שתי … שלא נִקְמְצוּוכ׳ two meal-offerings which were mixed up before the altars share had been taken off. Ib. 18b בנִקְמָצוֹת concerning such offerings as are subject to קְמִיצָה; a. fr. Pi. קִימֵּץ. 1) to scrape off (with bent fingers). Ḥull.50a מְקַמְּצִין you must take off a little from the surface.Trnsf. to take off a share. B. Bath. 106b שני אחין שחלקו … מקמצין if two brothers divide an estate, and then a third brother comes from abroad …, they have to give him each a share from their portion, opp. בטלה מחלוקת the division is null and void (and a new division by lot has to be made); ib. 107a; a. e. 2) to scrape together, collect. Pesik. R. s. 20 מְקַמֵּץ (not מקמיץ), v. סַרְטָן. Keth.VII, 10 אלו … והמקמץ the following are those whom the court forces to release their wives, … and the scraper; expl. ib. 77a המקבץ צואת כלבים he that collects excrements of dogs; (another interpret.) המק׳ זה בורסי ‘the scraper (of excrements) means the tanner; Tosef. ib. VII, 11 המקמץ את הצואה (not הצועה) who collects excrements; Y. ib. VII, end, 31d. Hag.4a; 7b. 3) to be parsimonious. Ḥull.46a וסימניך עשירין מקמצין and as a mnemonical sign (to remember which of the two it was that threw the liver away, and which used it) it may serve thee: ‘the rich are parsimonious (R. Simon who was rich used it); Men.86a.

קָמַץ(b. h.) 1) to compress, close the hand, grasp. Pes.VII, 2 יִקְמוֹץ את מקומו he must grab (take a handful of the flour from) its place (where the juice has dripped on it).Esp. to take a fistful (קוֹמֶץ) of the meal-offering (by bending three fingers over to the wrist and striking the flour off with the thumb on top and with the little finger below). Sifra Vayikra, Ndab., ch. X, Par. 9 יכול יקמוץוכ׳ you may think he may grab with the tips of his fingers, Ib. יכול מצוה שיִקְמְצֶנָּה … קְמָצָהּוכ׳ you may think the proper thing is for the priest to take off the fistful, but if a layman did it, it is legal. Men.II, 1 הקוֹמֵץ אתוכ׳ if the priest takes a grab of the meal-offering with the intention of eating ; a. fr.Part. pass. קָמוּץ closed. Cant. R. to VIII, 14 צבי … ועינו אחת קְמוּצָה the deer when sleeping has one eye open and one closed. 2) to leap. Yalk. Ps. 685 קומץ כאיל, v. קָפַץ. Hif. הִקְמִיץ to perform the קְמִיצָה. Lev. R. s. 3 ה׳ ואכלוכ׳ he took the handful for the altar, and ate the rest. Nif. נִקְמָץ to be grabbed from. Men.III, 3 שתי … שלא נִקְמְצוּוכ׳ two meal-offerings which were mixed up before the altars share had been taken off. Ib. 18b בנִקְמָצוֹת concerning such offerings as are subject to קְמִיצָה; a. fr. Pi. קִימֵּץ. 1) to scrape off (with bent fingers). Ḥull.50a מְקַמְּצִין you must take off a little from the surface.Trnsf. to take off a share. B. Bath. 106b שני אחין שחלקו … מקמצין if two brothers divide an estate, and then a third brother comes from abroad …, they have to give him each a share from their portion, opp. בטלה מחלוקת the division is null and void (and a new division by lot has to be made); ib. 107a; a. e. 2) to scrape together, collect. Pesik. R. s. 20 מְקַמֵּץ (not מקמיץ), v. סַרְטָן. Keth.VII, 10 אלו … והמקמץ the following are those whom the court forces to release their wives, … and the scraper; expl. ib. 77a המקבץ צואת כלבים he that collects excrements of dogs; (another interpret.) המק׳ זה בורסי ‘the scraper (of excrements) means the tanner; Tosef. ib. VII, 11 המקמץ את הצואה (not הצועה) who collects excrements; Y. ib. VII, end, 31d. Hag.4a; 7b. 3) to be parsimonious. Ḥull.46a וסימניך עשירין מקמצין and as a mnemonical sign (to remember which of the two it was that threw the liver away, and which used it) it may serve thee: ‘the rich are parsimonious (R. Simon who was rich used it); Men.86a.

קְמַץch. sam( Pi. קִימֵּץ. to take off a share), 1) to grab, take a fistful. Targ. Lev. 2:2; 5:12.Men.11a כדקַמְצֵי אינשי as people ordinarily grab (putting the hand in and taking a handful of flower out). Gen. R. s. 5, v. חֲפַן; a. fr. 2) to press, close ( the eye). Y.Sabb.XIV, beg.14b דו קָמֵיץ חדאוכ׳ for it (the deer in sleep) closes one eye, v. preced.Part. pass. קְמִיץ. Targ. Cant. 8:14. 3) to scrape off. Ḥull.50a קְמוֹץ הבוכ׳ scrape the surface off and give me (the fat) to eat. Ib. קַמְצוּוכ׳ they scraped the surface off and 4) to leap. Ber.63a קְמֹץ Ms. M. (ed. קבוץ; Ms. F. קפוץ), v. זוּל I ch.

קְמַץch. sam( Pi. קִימֵּץ. to take off a share), 1) to grab, take a fistful. Targ. Lev. 2:2; 5:12.Men.11a כדקַמְצֵי אינשי as people ordinarily grab (putting the hand in and taking a handful of flower out). Gen. R. s. 5, v. חֲפַן; a. fr. 2) to press, close ( the eye). Y.Sabb.XIV, beg.14b דו קָמֵיץ חדאוכ׳ for it (the deer in sleep) closes one eye, v. preced.Part. pass. קְמִיץ. Targ. Cant. 8:14. 3) to scrape off. Ḥull.50a קְמוֹץ הבוכ׳ scrape the surface off and give me (the fat) to eat. Ib. קַמְצוּוכ׳ they scraped the surface off and 4) to leap. Ber.63a קְמֹץ Ms. M. (ed. קבוץ; Ms. F. קפוץ), v. זוּל I ch.

קְפַלch., Pa. קַפֵּל same, 1) to scrape off. B. Bath.4b דקָפֵיל ליה חבריהוכ׳ (Rashi: מְקַפֵּל; Ms. M. מְקַפּיל) the neighbor might scrape off (the clay) Ib. מקפיל ליה Ms. M. (ed. קליף ליה, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). 2) to dig, unearth (esp. used of grave robbers). Sabb.152b הנהו קפולאי דהוו קָפְלֵיוכ׳ grave robbers that were unearthing (bodies) in the field of ; Yalk. Ez. 376; Yalk. Gen. 33 מְקַפְּלֵי. Ithpe. אִיקְּפִיל to be peeled off. Hull. 44a (read:) דאִיקְּפוּל אִיקְּפוּלֵי the gullet and windpipe were loosened by peeling, opp. דאפרוק איפרוקי they were torn off forcibly.

קְפַלch., Pa. קַפֵּל same, 1) to scrape off. B. Bath.4b דקָפֵיל ליה חבריהוכ׳ (Rashi: מְקַפֵּל; Ms. M. מְקַפּיל) the neighbor might scrape off (the clay) Ib. מקפיל ליה Ms. M. (ed. קליף ליה, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). 2) to dig, unearth (esp. used of grave robbers). Sabb.152b הנהו קפולאי דהוו קָפְלֵיוכ׳ grave robbers that were unearthing (bodies) in the field of ; Yalk. Ez. 376; Yalk. Gen. 33 מְקַפְּלֵי. Ithpe. אִיקְּפִיל to be peeled off. Hull. 44a (read:) דאִיקְּפוּל אִיקְּפוּלֵי the gullet and windpipe were loosened by peeling, opp. דאפרוק איפרוקי they were torn off forcibly.