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21 kræve
1тре́бовать* * *call for, claim, demand, expect, insist, require* * *vb demand ( fx an explanation, higher pay; that he (should) do it),( vedholdende) insist on ( fx one's rights; his leaving the room; she insisted that he (should) leave the room);( som sin ret; med begrundet krav) claim ( fx compensation, one's rights, one's reward);F ( svagere) require ( fx I will do everything that is required of me; he required that I (should) do it),( stærkere) exact ( fx obedience, payment);( med tingssubjekt: nødvendiggøre) call for ( fx a solution; great care),F require ( fx this work requires great skill; my duty requires that I (should) do it),( stærkere) demand ( fx an operation demanding great care);[ kræve ham løsladt] demand his release, demand that he should be released;[ kræve mange ofre] claim many victims;[ kræve betaling af en] demand payment from somebody;[ kræve en for penge] press somebody for money;[ kræve penge ind] collect money (, debts);[ kræve en til regnskab] call somebody to account. -
22 right
n1) право2) pl порядок3) право владельца акций на участие в новых выпусках акций этой компании на льготных условиях
- absolute rights
- agent's rights
- application right
- appropriative right
- basic rights
- bonus right
- buyer's right
- carrier's right
- civil right
- claimant's right
- commercial right
- constitutional rights
- conversion rights
- distribution right
- dividend right
- drawing rights
- equal rights
- exclusive right
- exclusive right of sale
- exclusive right to use
- exclusivity right
- franchising right
- full right of use
- fundamental rights
- grand rights
- human rights
- inalienable right
- incorporeal right
- industrial right
- industrial property right
- infringed right
- inherent right
- innovative rights
- in-rem right
- intellectual property rights
- inventor's right
- licensed right
- lawful right
- legal right
- legitimate right
- manufacturing right
- material right
- mercantile right
- mineral rights
- Miranda rights
- monopoly right
- natural rights
- nonexclusive right to sell
- nonproperty right
- option right
- ownership right
- participating right
- patent right
- patentee's right
- patent sales right
- precarious right
- pre-emption right
- pre-emptive right
- preferential right
- prescriptive right
- prior right
- priority right
- procedural right
- property right
- property right to buildings
- property right to land
- property right to an enterprise
- proprietary right
- protective right
- purchase right
- qualified voting right
- reciprocal right
- sales right
- security right
- seller's right
- selling right
- semi-exclusive right
- simple right
- sole right to sell
- sole voting right
- Special Drawing Rights
- statutory rights
- stock right
- stock redemption right
- subrogation rights
- subscription right
- taxing rights
- tenant right
- third-party rights
- trading right
- underlying right
- unqualified rights
- vested right
- veto right
- voting right
- right in rem
- right in property
- right of action
- rights of an agent
- right of appeal
- right of authorship
- right of cancellation
- right of a carrier
- right of a charterer
- right of claim
- right of continued use
- right of concurrent use
- right of confiscation
- right of defence
- right of demand
- right of disposal
- right of domicile
- right of early delivery
- right of eminent domain
- right of entry
- right of establishment
- right of first refusal
- right of inspection
- right of issuing notes
- right of joint use
- right of movement
- right of offset
- right of option
- right of owner
- right of ownership
- right of passage
- right of possession
- right of pre-emption
- rights of the principal
- right of priority
- right of priority of creditors
- right of prior use
- right of property
- right of protection
- right of protest
- right of publication
- right of readdressing
- right of recourse
- right of redemption
- right of reexport
- right of regress
- right of reproduction
- right of repurchase
- right of resale
- right of rescission
- right of retention
- right of return
- right of routing
- right of sales
- right of signature
- right of stoppage in transit
- right of sublease
- right of substitution
- right of suit
- right of survivorship
- right of veto
- right of way
- right to assign
- right to benefits
- right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty
- right to be reimbursed
- right to cargo
- right to a claim
- right to claim damages
- right to compensation
- right to contribution in general average
- right to dispose
- right to distribute
- right to indemnity
- right to an industrial design
- right to issue
- right to manufacture
- right to a part of the assets upon liquidation
- right to pass through
- right to a patent
- right to a pension
- right to a proportion of the net profits
- right to recall
- right to recover damages
- right to remuneration
- right to sell
- right to subscribe to new shares
- right to substitution
- right to tax income
- right to terminate a contract
- right to use
- right to vote
- all rights reserved
- rights and liabilities
- cum rights
- ex rights
- with rights
- without the right of recourse
- without any prejudice to the right
- abandon a right
- abridge rights
- acquire a right
- affect the rights
- ascertain rights
- assert one's rights
- assign a right
- assume a right
- buy TV rights for sports events
- cede a right
- contest a right
- convey a right
- curtail rights
- define rights
- deny a right
- deprive of a right
- determine rights
- disclaim a right
- encroach on rights
- enjoy a right
- establish a right
- exercise a right
- forfeit a right
- forgo a right
- give the right to
- grant the right to
- have a right
- impair a right
- infringe on a right
- introduce a pre-emptive right
- invoke a right
- lose a right
- prejudice a right
- protect rights
- recognize rights
- relinquish one's right
- renounce a right
- reserve a right
- resign a right
- respect rights
- restore smb to his rights
- restrict rights
- retain a right
- secure a right
- surrender a right
- transfer a right
- uphold a right
- use a right
- vest with rights
- vindicate one's rights
- violate a right
- waive a right -
23 praw|o
Ⅰ n 1. sgt (ogół przepisów) law- prawo nowożytne modern law- prawo polskie/francuskie Polish/French law- reguły a. normy prawa legal norms a. principles- rządy prawa the rule of law- zgodnie z prawem in accordance with a. according to the law- zgodnie z polskim prawem under Polish law- zgodnie z duchem i literą prawa in accordance with the spirit and the letter of the law- wbrew prawu against the law, contrary to the law- stosować się do przepisów prawa to abide by a. obey the law- złamać prawo to break the law- być niezgodnym z prawem a. wbrew prawu to be against the law- uznać przerywanie ciąży za niezgodne z prawem to criminalize abortion- działać w granicach prawa/niezgodnie z prawem to operate within/outside the law- stać ponad prawem to be above the law- wejść w konflikt z prawem to fall foul of a. to come into conflict with the law- wyjąć kogoś spod prawa Hist. to outlaw sb- człowiek wyjęty spod prawa Hist. an outlaw- w imieniu prawa in the name of the law- w obliczu prawa in the eyes of the law- nieznajomość prawa nie zwalnia od odpowiedzialności ignorance of the law is no excuse a. defence, ignorance is no defence- prawo drakońskie Hist. Draconian law2. (norma prawna, ustawa) law; (zapisana) statute- zbiór praw a legal code a. code of laws- system praw a system of law, a legal system- uchwalać a. stanowić prawa to enact a. make laws- uchwalić prawo to pass a. adopt a law- uchylić prawo to revoke a. rescind a law książk.- prawo o spółdzielczości/środkach masowego przekazu a law on the cooperative movement/on the mass media- nowe prawo wchodzi w życie a. obowiązuje od 1 maja the new law comes into effect on a. applies as of 1 May- prawo o stowarzyszeniach wygasa a. traci moc 31 grudnia the law on association lapses on a. as of 31 December3. sgt (nauka) law- wydział prawa a law faculty- student/studentka prawa a law student- studiować prawo to study a. read law- ukończyć prawo to graduate in law4. (uprawnienie) right (do czegoś to sth); entitlement książk. (do czegoś to sth); eligibility U (do czegoś for sth)- prawa człowieka/zwierząt human/animal rights- działacz/kampania na rzecz obrony praw zwierząt an animal rights activist/campaign- prawa kobiet women’s rights- prawa publiczne/obywatelskie public/civil rights- prawa małżeńskie/rodzicielskie marital/parental rights- prawa i obowiązki obywatela civil rights and duties- prawo własności proprietorship, ownership- prawa spadkowe inheritance rights- prawa miejskie a (town/city) charter- nadać/odebrać prawa miejskie to grant/revoke a town/city charter- uczestniczyć w zebraniu bez prawa głosu to take part in a meeting without the right to vote- prawo pierwszeństwa przejazdu the right of way- równe prawa equal rights- prawo do emerytury pension rights- prawo do pracy/do strajku the right to work/to strike- mieć prawo do corocznego urlopu/do emerytury to be entitled to annual leave/to a retirement pension- mieć prawa do książki to have a. hold the copyright on a. in a. for a book- mieć prawo do ekranizacji powieści to own the film rights to a novel- mieć prawo coś zrobić to have the right a. to be entitled to do sth- ona nie ma prawa tak cię traktować she has no right to treat you like that- masz pełne prawo odmówić you have every right to refuse- kto ci dał prawo mnie krytykować? what gives a. who gave you the right to criticize me?- rościć/zastrzec sobie prawo do czegoś to claim/reserve the right to sth- nabyć/utracić prawo do czegoś to gain a. acquire/lose the right to sth- zrzec się prawa do czegoś to relinquish a. renounce one’s right to sth książk.- przyznać komuś prawo do czegoś to grant sb the right to sth- odmówić komuś prawa do czegoś to deny sb the right to sth- pozbawić kogoś prawa wykonywania zawodu to deprive sb of the right to practise their profession, to ban sb from practising a profession- upominać się o swoje prawa a. dochodzić swoich praw to demand a. claim one’s rights- jakim prawem? by what right?- jakim prawem wtrącasz się w moje sprawy? who gave you the right to interfere in my affairs?- wszelkie prawa zastrzeżone all rights reserved- wywiad publikowany na prawach wyłączności an exclusive interview- na równych prawach on equal terms- ona jest tu na prawach domownika she’s treated here as one of the family- prawo łaski the prerogative of mercy- skorzystać z prawa łaski to pardon, to be pardoned5. Aut. prawo jazdy driving licence GB; driver’s license US- zdawać/zdać egzamin na prawo jazdy to take/pass one’s driving test- chodzić na kurs prawa jazdy to take driving lessons6. (zasada, prawidłowość) law, principle- prawa naturalne/ekonomiczne/społeczne natural/economic/social laws- prawa fizyczne/natury the laws of physics/nature- odkryć/sformułować prawo to formulate a law a. principle- podlegać prawom materii/przyrody to be subject to the laws of matter/natureⅡ adv. 1. na a. w prawo (w prawą stronę) to the right; (po prawej stronie) on a. to the right- na prawo od budynku jest sad to the right of the building there’s an orchard- na prawo jest a. widzicie ratusz to a. on your right is a. you can see the town hall- iść/skręcić w prawo a. na prawo to go/turn right- skręć w pierwszą (ulicę) w prawo take the first (street to the) right- na prawo patrz! Wojsk. eyes right!- szastał pieniędzmi na prawo i lewo he was spending money right, left and centre pot.- w prawo i w lewo (na wszystkie sposoby) in every possible way2. pot. (w polityce) pójść na prawo to veer to the right- zwrot na prawo a turn to the right- być na prawo od kogoś to be to the right of sb- być na prawo od centrum to be right of centreⅢ z prawa pot. (po prawej stronie) from the right- z prawa rozciągały się pola to the right, there were fields- z prawa i z lewa from all sidesⅣ prawo- w wyrazach złożonych 1. (odnoszący się do strony) right- 2. (dotyczący prawa) law-- □ prawa kardynalne Hist. cardinal laws- prawo administracyjne administrative law- prawo autorskie copyright law- prawo biogenetyczne recapitulation theory; Biol. palingenesis- prawo bliższości Hist., Prawo (the right of) primogeniture- prawo budowlane building code- prawo chełmińskie Hist., Prawo Chełm Law (a charter defining terms under which Polish towns were incorporated, modelled on the Magdeburg Law)- prawo ciążenia Newtona Fiz. Newton’s law of gravitation- prawo cywilne civil law- prawo doraźne Prawo summary justice- prawo finansowe a. skarbowe revenue law- prawo handlowe commercial a. trade law- prawo kanoniczne a. kościelne canon a. church a. ecclesiastical law- prawo karne Prawo criminal law- prawo karne wykonawcze penal law- prawo karne skarbowe penal revenue law- prawo lokalowe housing law- prawo łowieckie game laws- miasto na prawie magdeburskim a town chartered according to the Magdeburg law- prawo mennicze Hist. minting rights- prawo międzynarodowe international law- prawo Murphy’ego Murphy’s a. Sod’s pot., żart. Law- prawo obywatelstwa right of citizenship- prawo państwowe constitutional law- prawo Parkinsona Parkinson’s law- prawo pracy labour legislation, employment legislation- prawo prasowe press legislation- prawo probiercze assay law- prawo procesowe adjective a. procedural law- prawo rodzinne family law- prawo rzymskie Roman law- prawo wartości Ekon. the law of value- prawo wojenne law of war- prawo wyborcze electoral a. election law- bierne prawo wyborcze eligibility to stand for election, right to be elected- czynne prawo wyborcze voting rights, suffrage, franchise- powszechne prawo wyborcze universal suffrage a. a universal franchise- prawo wyborcze dla kobiet women’s suffrage- prawo zwyczajowe common law, custom- albo w prawo, albo w lewo you can’t have your cake and eat itThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > praw|o
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24 right
I[rait] n իրավունք. արդարացի պահանջ. human/civil rights մարդու/քաղաքացիական իրավունքներ. the right of veto վետոյի իրավունք. author’s right հե ղի նա կա յին իրավունք. basic right հիմնական իրա վունք ներ. breach of a right իրավունքի խախ տում. by right of իրավունքով. exercise one’s right իրա վունքից օգտվել. envolve one’s rights իրա վունք ները շոշափել. abuse of right իրավունքի չարաշահում. in one’s own right սեփական իրավունքով. film rights (ֆիլմի) էկրանա վորման իրավունք. demand/maintain/stand upon one’s right իր իրավունքը պաշտպանել. reserve the right իրեն իրավունք համարել. be in the right իրավացի/ճշմարիտ լինել. rights and duties իրա վունքներ և պարտականություններ. lose/guarantee rights կորցնել/երաշխավորել իրա վունքները. rights կարգ ու կանոն. set the room to rights սենյակը կարգի բերել. (ճշմարտու թյուն) know right from wrong ճիշտն ու սխալը տարբերել. rights and wrongs of the matter գործի ճիշտն ու սուտը. (աջ կողմը/ձեռքը) keep to the right աջ կողմով գնալ. on the right աջ կողմում. to the right դեպի աջ. the rights քղք. աջերը, պահպանողականները. parties of the right աջակողմյան/աջ կուսակցություն ներըII[rait] a ճիշտ, ուղիղ. the right answer ճիշտ պատասխանը. put right ուղղել, կարգի բերել. put a mistake right սխալն ուղղել. the right time ճիշտ ժամանակը. the right side երեսի կողմը. be in one’s right mind խելքը տեղը լինել. do the right thing ճիշտ վարվել. choose the right moment ճիշտ պահն ընտրել. the right time ճիշտ/ հարմար ժամանակը. the right size համա պատաս խան չափս. He is the right sort Իuկական տղա մարդ է. (լավ, սարքին) It all came right in the end Վերջում ամեն ինչ լավ ստացվեց. The medicine will put you right Այս դեղը ձեզ շուտով կլավացնի. (տարբեր իմաստներ) quite right լրիվ/շատ ճիշտ. be all right լավ/առողջ լինել. all right լավ. It serves him right Նրան տեղն է. You were right to come Ճիշտ արեցիք, որ եկաք. (ար դա րացի, իրավացի) It’s not right Դա արդարա ցի չէ. I think it right Կարծում եմ՝ դա իրավացի է[rait] adv ճիշտ, արդար, պատշաճ ձևով. արդարացի կերպով. if I remember right եթե ճիշտ եմ հիշում. guess right ճիշտ ձևով կռա հել. right in the middle ուղիղ մեջտեղում. right in the eye/face ուղիղ աչքին/դեմքին. right opposite ուղիղ դիմացը. right here հենց/ճիշտ այստեղ. right to the end մինչեվ վերջ. (դեպի աջ) Turn right ! Աջ դարձ. They owe money right left and the centre խսկց. Նրանք բոլորին պարտք են, պարտքերի մեջ խրված ենIV[rait] v ուղղ(վ)ել, շտկ(վ)ել. right a wrong անարդարության վերացում. It will right itself Ինքն իրեն կկարգավորվի -
25 reclamare
1. v/i complain2. v/t claim* * *reclamare v.tr.1 to claim; to demand: reclamare un diritto, i propri diritti, to claim a right, one's rights; reclamare giustizia, to ask for justice; reclamare il pagamento di un debito, to demand the payment of a debt; reclamare il risarcimento dei danni, to claim damages; reclamare la restituzione di una somma, to claim back a sum; i cittadini reclamano l'intervento del governo, the citizens are demanding action from the government2 (estens.) ( aver bisogno) to need, to require: i vigneti reclamano un po' di pioggia, the vines need a bit of water◆ v. intr. to complain; to protest: reclamerò presso la direzione, I will complain to the manager; reclamare presso qlcu., to complain (o to make complaint) to s.o.; fu il solo a reclamare, he was the only one to complain (o to protest).* * *[rekla'mare]1. vireclamare (contro/presso qn) — to complain (about/to sb)
2. vt(diritto) to demand* * *[rekla'mare] 1. 2.* * *reclamare/rekla'mare/ [1](richiedere) to demand [giustizia, aumento]; to claim, to demand [ diritti] -
26 отстаивать свои права
1) General subject: assert one's rights, assert oneself, maintain rights, stand upon one's right, stand upon rights, demand right, maintain right, stand upon right2) Diplomatic term: assert upon right1s, stand upon right1s3) Business: maintain one's rights, stand upon one's rightsУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > отстаивать свои права
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27 enforce
transitive verb1) durchsetzen; sorgen für [Disziplin]2) (give more force to) Nachdruck verleihen (+ Dat.)* * *[in'fo:s](to cause (a law, a command, one's own will etc) to be carried out: There is a law against dropping litter but it is rarely enforced.) erzwingen- academic.ru/24319/enforcement">enforcement* * *en·force[ɪnˈfɔ:s, AM enˈfɔ:rs]vt▪ to \enforce sth1. (impose) etw durchsetzen [o erzwingen]it is difficult to \enforce the speed limit es ist schwierig, die Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzung durchzusetzento \enforce the law dem Gesetz Geltung verschaffento \enforce a regulation eine Regelung durchsetzento \enforce one's rights seine Rechte einklagen3. FINto \enforce a debt eine Schuld beitreiben, Schulden eintreiben ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ* * *[ɪn'fɔːs]vt1) durchführen, Geltung verschaffen (+dat); one's claims, rights geltend machen; discipline sorgen für, schaffen; decision, policy, ban, ruling durchsetzen; measures durchführen; sanctions verhängento enforce silence/obedience — sich (dat) Ruhe/Gehorsam verschaffen
* * *enforce a contract Rechte aus einem Vertrag geltend machen, aus einem Vertrag klagen;enforce payment of a debt eine Schuld beitreiben;enforce one’s rights seine Rechte einklagen2. durchsetzen, erzwingen:enforce obedience (up)on sb von jemandem Gehorsam erzwingen, sich bei jemandem Gehorsam verschaffen3. auferlegen, aufzwingen:enforce one’s will (up)on sb jemandem seinen Willen aufzwingen* * *transitive verb1) durchsetzen; sorgen für [Disziplin]2) (give more force to) Nachdruck verleihen (+ Dat.)* * *(on, upon) v.auferlegen v.aufzwingen v. v.durchführen v.erzwingen v.etwas durchsetzen ausdr. -
28 do|jść
pf — do|chodzić1 impf (dojdę, dojdziesz, doszedł, doszła, doszli — dochodzę) Ⅰ vi 1. (dotrzeć) to reach (do czegoś to sth), to arrive- dojść do domu to reach a. get home- jak mogę dojść do dworca? how can I get to the railway station (from here)?- dochodząc do szkoły, usłyszał dzwonek na lekcje on reaching school he heard the bell ring for lessons2. (ogień, woda) to reach, to come (do czegoś up to sth)- pożar dochodził już do strychu the fire was already reaching up to the attic- woda doszła do samych drzwi the water came right up to the door- opatrunek jest za ścisły i krew nie dochodzi do nogi the dressing is too tight and the blood isn’t flowing to the leg3. [list, przesyłka, wiadomość] to reach (do kogoś sb)- jego list jeszcze nie doszedł his letter hasn’t arrived yet- czy pieniądze już doszły? has the money arrived yet?- doszło do moich uszu, że przenosi się pan do Paryża I heard that you’re moving to Paris- doszły mnie słuchy, że wyszłaś za mąż I hear you got married- dochodzą (do) nas plotki o jej życiu prywatnym we hear various rumours about her private life- mało z tego, co mu tłumaczę, dochodzi do niego not much of what I say gets through to him- wreszcie doszło do jego świadomości, że… it finally got through to him that…- program dochodzi przez satelitę the programme’s transmitted by satellite4. (dolecieć) [dźwięk, zapach] to come- z ogrodu dochodził miły zapach kwiatów a pleasant smell of flowers was coming from the garden- uliczny hałas tu nie dochodzi you can’t hear the traffic here- dziwny dźwięk doszedł do jego uszu he heard a strange sound5. (dołączyć) to join (do czegoś sth)- do naszego zespołu doszli nowi zawodnicy some new players have joined our team- doszedł nam nowy temat do dyskusji we have a new topic to discuss- do pensji dochodzi premia oraz różne dodatki on top of the salary there’s a bonus and various additions- po urodzeniu się dziecka dojdą nam nowe obowiązki after the baby’s born, we’ll have additional obligations6. [liczba, temperatura, cena] to amount, to come (do czegoś to sth)- liczba ofiar w wypadkach drogowych w tym miesiącu doszła już do 1000 the number of road accident victims this month has already reached 1,000- jego długi dochodziły do dwóch milionów złotych his debts amounted a. came to almost two million zlotys- kurs dolara doszedł do 4 zł the exchange rate for the dollar went up to a. reached 4 zlotys- upał dochodził do 40°C the temperature was approaching 40°C7. (osiągnąć) to achieve, to attain (do czegoś sth)- dojść do perfekcji w czymś to achieve a. attain perfection in sth- dojść do bogactwa to become rich- dojść do pełnoletności to come of age- dojść do punktu kulminacyjnego/zenitu to reach a high/zenith- dojść z kimś do porozumienia a. zgody to reach a. come to (an) agreement a. an understanding with sb- po długich negocjacjach rząd i związki dochodzą do porozumienia after protracted negotiations, the government and unions are coming to an understanding- dojść do sławy to become famous- dojść do władzy to come a. rise to power- jak on doszedł do takich pieniędzy? how did he come into that kind of money?- tylko najwytrwalsi do czegoś dochodzą only the most persevering people achieve anything (in this world)- jego wściekłość dochodziła do obłędu his fury verged on madness8. (domagać się) to demand- dochodzić zwrotu długu to demand the settlement of a debt- dochodzić swoich praw na drodze sądowej to pursue one’s rights in a court of law- dochodzić sprawiedliwości to seek a. demand justice9. (ustalić) to find out- dochodzić prawdy to search for the truth- nie dojdziesz prawdy you’ll never find out a. know the truth- postanowił dojść, o co im chodzi he resolved to find out what they meant- trudno dojść, jak jest naprawdę it’s hard to find out what the real situation is- dojść do wniosku a. przekonania to reach a. come to a conclusion10. (dogonić) to catch up- dojść kogoś to catch sb up a. catch up with sb- dochodził biegnącego przed nim Francuza he was catching up with the French runner in front of him- dojść do piłki/podania to get to the ball11. (o potrawie, mięsie, ryżu) to be ready- ziemniaki jeszcze twarde, ale zaraz dojdą the potatoes are still a bit hard, but they’ll be ready in a minute- zostaw mięso w piecu, niech dojdzie leave the meat in the oven to finish off for a bit12. (dojrzeć) [zboże, owoce, warzywa] to ripen- zboża już dochodzą the corn will be ripe soonⅡ v imp. (zdarzyć się) to happen, to come about- nie wiem, jak do tego doszło I’ve no idea how it happened a. came about- po operacji doszło do powikłań some complications arose after the operation- często dochodziło pomiędzy nimi do spięć there were often arguments between them- na tym skrzyżowaniu często dochodzi do wypadków accidents often occur at this crossroads- dochodzi do tego, że dzieci kłócą się z nauczycielami w szkole it’s coming to the point a. reaching the stage where children are quarrelling with their teachers at school- doszło do tego, że nikt nie podał mu ręki in the end no one shook his hand- do czego to doszło! what (on earth) are things coming to!■ dojść z czymś do ładu to get to grips with sth- dojść do ładu ze swymi myślami to get a. bring one’s thoughts under control- dojść z kimś do ładu to reach an understanding with sb- gdy się upił, trudno było z nim dojść do ładu when he got drunk, it was difficult to get through to him- nie dojdę z tym chłopakiem do ładu, nie chce mnie w ogóle słuchać I can’t cope with that boy, he doesn’t want to listen to me at allThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > do|jść
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29 just
I [dʒʌst]1) (fair) [criticism, action, decision] giusto; [anger, complaint, demand] giustificato; [ person] giusto, equo, imparziale, onesto; [ comment] giusto, imparziale; [suspicion, claim] fondato; [ reward] giusto, meritato, adeguato2) (exact) [account, calculation] giusto, esatto, correttoII [dʒʌst]2) (immediately) subito, appena3) (slightly) (with quantities) un po'; (indicating location or position) appenajust over, under 20 kg — un po' più, meno di 20 kg
4) (only, merely) solo5) (purposely) proprio, per l'appunto, giusto6) (barely)7) (simply) solo, soltanto, semplicemente, solamentejust a moment — (please wait) solo un attimo o momento; (when interrupting, disagreeing) un momento
8) (exactly, precisely) esattamente, proprio, precisamente9) (possibly, conceivably)11) (positively, totally)12) (easily)just think, you could have been hurt! — pensa, ti saresti potuto fare male!
14) (in requests)"that film was dreadful" - "wasn't it just!" — "il film era terribile!" - "davvero!"
16) (equally)just as big, well as... — grande, bene esattamente come
17) just about appena appena, quasijust about cooked, finished — quasi cotto, finito
18) just now (a short time ago) appena; (at the moment) proprio adesso, in questo momento19) just as proprio quando, nel momento in cui, mentre••take your raincoat just in case it rains — prendi il tuo impermeabile, in caso piova o caso mai piovesse
* * *I adjective1) (right and fair: not favouring one more than another: a fair and just decision.)2) (reasonable; based on one's rights: He certainly has a just claim to the money.)3) (deserved: He got his just reward when he crashed the stolen car and broke his leg.)•- justly- justness II adverb1) ((often with as) exactly or precisely: This penknife is just what I needed; He was behaving just as if nothing had happened; The house was just as I'd remembered it.)2) ((with as) quite: This dress is just as nice as that one.)3) (very lately or recently: He has just gone out of the house.)4) (on the point of; in the process of: She is just coming through the door.)5) (at the particular moment: The telephone rang just as I was leaving.)6) ((often with only) barely: We have only just enough milk to last till Friday; I just managed to escape; You came just in time.)7) (only; merely: They waited for six hours just to get a glimpse of the Queen; `Where are you going?' `Just to the post office'; Could you wait just a minute?)8) (used for emphasis, eg with commands: Just look at that mess!; That just isn't true!; I just don't know what to do.)9) (absolutely: The weather is just marvellous.)•- just now
- just then* * *I [dʒʌst] adj(fair) giusto (-a)II [dʒʌst] adv1) (exactly) proprio, esattamentejust here/there — proprio qui/là
just behind/in front of/near — proprio dietro a/davanti a/vicino a
just when it was going well... — proprio quando tutto andava a gonfie vele...
just then or just at that moment — proprio in quel momento
it's just on 10 o'clock — sono le 10 in punto or precise
it costs just (on) £20 — costa 20 sterline tonde tonde
that's just it!; that's just the point! — precisamente!, proprio così!, per l'appunto!
that's just (like) him, always late — è proprio da lui arrivare sempre in ritardo
just as I thought/expected — proprio come pensavo/mi aspettavo
2) (recently, soon) appena, or orahe's just done it/left — lo ha appena fatto/è appena partito
3) (only) soltanto, solojust yesterday/this morning — soltanto ieri/stamattina
just a minute!; just one moment! — un attimo!
4) (simply) semplicemente, soltantoI just thought that... — pensavo solo che...
I just wanted to say that... — volevo solo dire che...
5) (slightly) pocojust over/under 2 kilos — un po' più/meno di 2 chili
it's just to the left/right — è subito a sinistra/destra
6) (barely) appena, (almost not) per un pelojust in time — giusto or appena in tempo
just enough money for sth/to do sth — soldi appena sufficienti per qc/per fare qc
he (only) just caught/missed it; he caught/missed it, but only just — l'ha preso/perso proprio per un pelo
7)it's just as good — è altrettanto buonoit's just as good as... — è buono quanto...
8) (with imperatives) un po'9) (emphatic) veramente, proprioso you regret buying it? — don't I just! — ti sei pentito di averlo comprato? — eccome!
10)I've had just about enough of this noise! fam — ne ho proprio avuto abbastanza di questo rumore!take an umbrella just in case — prendi un'ombrello, che non si sa mai
just the same, I'd rather... — ciononostante, preferirei...
* * *I [dʒʌst]1) (fair) [criticism, action, decision] giusto; [anger, complaint, demand] giustificato; [ person] giusto, equo, imparziale, onesto; [ comment] giusto, imparziale; [suspicion, claim] fondato; [ reward] giusto, meritato, adeguato2) (exact) [account, calculation] giusto, esatto, correttoII [dʒʌst]2) (immediately) subito, appena3) (slightly) (with quantities) un po'; (indicating location or position) appenajust over, under 20 kg — un po' più, meno di 20 kg
4) (only, merely) solo5) (purposely) proprio, per l'appunto, giusto6) (barely)7) (simply) solo, soltanto, semplicemente, solamentejust a moment — (please wait) solo un attimo o momento; (when interrupting, disagreeing) un momento
8) (exactly, precisely) esattamente, proprio, precisamente9) (possibly, conceivably)11) (positively, totally)12) (easily)just think, you could have been hurt! — pensa, ti saresti potuto fare male!
14) (in requests)"that film was dreadful" - "wasn't it just!" — "il film era terribile!" - "davvero!"
16) (equally)just as big, well as... — grande, bene esattamente come
17) just about appena appena, quasijust about cooked, finished — quasi cotto, finito
18) just now (a short time ago) appena; (at the moment) proprio adesso, in questo momento19) just as proprio quando, nel momento in cui, mentre••take your raincoat just in case it rains — prendi il tuo impermeabile, in caso piova o caso mai piovesse
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30 dopom|nieć się
pf — dopom|inać się impf v refl. 1. (domagać się) to claim, to demand (o coś sth)- dopominać się o swoje prawa to assert one’s rights- dopominać się o zwrot pieniędzy a. zwrotu pieniędzy to claim one’s money back- dopomnieć się o czyjąś krzywdę to demand satisfaction for sb2. przen. (odczuwać brak) to demand, to need- (mój) organizm dopominał się snu every cell in my body craved sleepThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > dopom|nieć się
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31 upominać się
vrupominać się o coś — to demand lub claim sth
* * *ipf.1. (= dopominać się) demand, claim ( o coś sth); upominać się o swoje prawa assert one's rights; upominać się o dług demand payment of a debt; upominać się o zwrot pożyczki call in a loan.2. (= wstawiać się) speak up ( o kogoś for sb); upominał się o swoją krzywdę he sought l. demanded redress of the wrong done to him.The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > upominać się
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32 upom|nieć
pf — upom|inać impf (upomnisz, upomniał, upomnieli — upominam) Ⅰ vt książk. to admonish, to reprimand (kogoś za coś sb for sth); [policja, sędzia] to caution, to reprimand- upomnieć kogoś surowo/łagodnie to admonish a. reprimand sb severely/gently- upominać kogoś przy każdej okazji to reprove sb at every opportunity- został upomniany za szybką jazdę he was cautioned for speeding- upomniała swoje dziecko za złe zachowanie she reprimanded her child for behaving badlyⅡ upomnieć się — upominać się książk. 1. (dopominać się) to demand (o coś sth)- upomnieć się o zapłatę to demand payment- upominać się o swoje prawa to assert one’s rights- upomnieć się u kogoś o dług to remind sb of a debt2. pot. (brać w obronę) to stand up; to speak up (o kogoś for sb)- nikt nie chciał się za nim upomnieć nobody stood up for him3. przen. natura upomni się o swoje prawa nature will out- mój żołądek upominał się o jedzenie my stomach was demanding food a. calling for food■ upomnieć się o czyjąś/swoją krzywdę przen. to seek redress for the wrong done to sb/oneThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > upom|nieć
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33 assert
transitive verb2) (declare) behaupten; beteuern [Unschuld]* * *[ə'sə:t]1) (to say definitely: She asserted that she had not borrowed his book.) beteuern2) (to insist on: He should assert his independence.) geltend machen•- academic.ru/3988/assertion">assertion- assertive
- assert oneself* * *as·sert[əˈsɜ:t, AM -ˈsɜ:rt]vt1. (state firmly)to \assert one's innocence seine Unschuld beteuern2. (demand)▪ to \assert sth etw geltend machen [o einfordern]to \assert one's authority sich akk durchsetzento \assert control over sb Kontrolle über jdn ausübento \assert one's independence seine Unabhängigkeit behauptento \assert one's right to do sth auf seinem Recht bestehen, etw zu tun, sein Recht geltend machen, etw zu tun3. (act confidently)4. LAWto \assert jurisdiction die eigene Zuständigkeit annehmen* * *[ə'sɜːt]vt1) (= declare) behaupten; one's innocence beteuern2)(= insist on)
to assert one's authority — seine Autorität geltend machento assert oneself —
if you assert yourself too much you will lose their support — wenn Sie zu bestimmt auftreten, verlieren Sie ihre Unterstützung
* * *1. behaupten, erklären2. a) behaupten, geltend machen, bestehen auf (dat):assert a claim einen Anspruch geltend machenb) seine Unschuld etc beteuern3. verteidigen, einstehen für4. assert o.s.a) sich behaupten oder durchsetzen, sich Geltung verschaffen,b) sich zu viel anmaßen, sich vordrängen* * *transitive verb2) (declare) behaupten; beteuern [Unschuld]* * *v.behaupten v. -
34 redeem
[rıʹdi:m] v1. выкупать (что-л., кого-л.)to redeem pledged goods [mortgaged land] - выкупить заложенные вещи [-ую землю]
to redeem a prisoner /a slave/ - выкупить пленника /раба/
2. погашать, выплачиватьto redeem a loan - погасить /выплатить/ заём; заплатить долг
the Treasury redeems savings bonds on demand - казначейство выкупает сберегательные облигации по их предъявлении
3. 1) возвращать себе; получать обратно2) восстанавливатьto redeem one's position [one's rights] - восстановить своё положение [свои права]
to redeem one's honour - вернуть себе доброе имя, восстановить свою честь
to redeem one's character - восстановить /поправить/ свою репутацию; вернуть себе доброе имя
4. выполнятьto redeem a promise [an obligation] - выполнить обещание [обязательство]
5. 1) искупить; исправитьhis good points redeem his faults - его достоинства искупают /возмещают/ его недостатки
2) исправить; перевоспитать; наставить на путь истинный6. (from)1) спасти, избавить (от чего-л.)new interests that redeemed his life from futility - новые интересы, заполнившие его пустую жизнь
it was John who redeemed the meeting from utter failure - только Джон спас митинг от полного провала
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35 strain
I 1. [strein] verb1) (to exert oneself or a part of the body to the greatest possible extent: They strained at the door, trying to pull it open; He strained to reach the rope.) napeti (se)2) (to injure (a muscle etc) through too much use, exertion etc: He has strained a muscle in his leg; You'll strain your eyes by reading in such a poor light.) pretegniti, napenjati3) (to force or stretch (too far): The constant interruptions were straining his patience.) izkušati4) (to put (eg a mixture) through a sieve etc in order to separate solid matter from liquid: She strained the coffee.) precediti2. noun1) (force exerted; Can nylon ropes take more strain than the old kind of rope?) napetost, obremenitev2) ((something, eg too much work etc, that causes) a state of anxiety and fatigue: The strain of nursing her dying husband was too much for her; to suffer from strain.) preobremenjenost3) ((an) injury especially to a muscle caused by too much exertion: muscular strain.) izvin4) (too great a demand: These constant delays are a strain on our patience.) obremenitev•- strained- strainer
- strain off II [strein] noun1) (a kind or breed (of animals, plants etc): a new strain of cattle.) vrsta2) (a tendency in a person's character: I'm sure there's a strain of madness in her.) nagnjenje, poteza3) ((often in plural) (the sound of) a tune: I heard the strains of a hymn coming from the church.) zvoki* * *I [stréin]nounpritisk, vlek, poteg, natezanje, napetost, moč; obremenjenost; (pre)napenjanje, prizadevanje, trud, teženje; obremenitev, breme, napor; izpah, izvin; technical deformacija, poklina, razpoka, lom; izbruh, ploha (besedi), tirada, ton, stil, način izražanja; (često plural) zvoki, melodije; stih, verz, odstavek; razpoloženje; (redko) višek, stopnjaunder a strain — zdelan, živčno uničen, pri kraju z živcimartial strains — bojevite melodije, vojaška muzikathe strain on the rope — napetost, nategnjenost vrviit is a strain colloquially to človeka zdelato impose a strain on a machine — preobremeniti stroj, preveč zahtevati od strojaII [stréin]1.transitive verbnategniti, napeti; (pre)napenjati, pretegniti, (i)zviniti, izpahnitito strain every nerve — napeti vse živce, vse od sebe datito strain one's wrist — izviniti si zapestje; technical upogniti, zverižiti, (preveč) raztegniti, deformirati, preoblikovati; forsirati, silo delati; prekoračiti, preveč zahtevati, precenjevati, previsoko ocenitito strain the meaning of a word — forsirati, silo delati pomenu besedeto strain one's credit (one's powers, one's rights) — prekoračiti svoj kredit (svoja pooblastila, svoje pravice)to strain one's strength — precenjevati svojo moč; precediti, filtrirati, pasirati (tudi out)to strain out coffee grounds — (pre)filtrirati kavino goščo; (močno) stisniti (to k), objeti; obsolete (pri)siliti, primorati, priganjati;2.intransitive verbvleči, trgati; (do skrajnosti) se napenjati, si prizadevati, se truditi (for, after za), stremeti (for, after po); upogniti se, (s)kriviti se, zviti se; teči, curljati skozi, pronicati (o tekočini); ustrašiti se (at pred), osupniti, ostrmeti, ustaviti se (at ob), imeti preveč pomislekovhe strains too much after effect — on preveč stremi, se lovi za efektiIII [stréin]nounrod, družina, linija; biology rasa, čista linija; (rasni) znak, poteza, primes; poreklo, izvor; (dedno) nagnjenje, dispozicija, poteza (v značaju); soj, vrsta, sorta; obsolete oploditeva strain of Greek blood — (značilna) lastnost (poteza, kanec) grške krvia strain of fanaticism — sled (nadih, poteza) fanatičnosti -
36 egzekw|ować
impf vt 1. (wymagać) to enforce [prawo, przepisy]- egzekwować długi to collect debts- egzekwować od kogoś jego zobowiązania to enforce the fulfilment of sb’s obligations- egzekwować od kogoś należności to exact a. collect payment from sb- egzekwować swoje polecenia to make sure that one’s instructions are carried out- egzekwować swoje postanowienia to enforce one’s decisions- egzekwować swoje prawa to exercise one’s rights- egzekwować obietnice wyborcze [elektorat] to demand the fulfilment of sb’s campaign promises ⇒ wyegzekwować2. Dzien., Sport to take [rzut rożny, rzut karny]The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > egzekw|ować
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37 excess
ɪkˈses
1. сущ.
1) а) чрезмерность, неумеренность All excess is vicious. ≈ Любая чрезмерность порочна. Syn: immoderation, lack of moderation б) невоздержанность( в еде, питье и т.д.) It is also in his power to forbear excess in eating and drinking. ≈ Воздержание от переедания и злоупотребления напитками находится также в его силах.
2) а) превышение( норм, полномочий и т.д.) б) юр. нарушение закона, произвол Syn: outrage
3) перевес, превосходство, преимущество preponderance
4) а) избыток, излишек, излишнее количество to excess ≈ сверх меры to drink to excess ≈ напиться до чертиков б) богатство, достаток, изобилие Syn: exuberance, superabundance
5) обыкн. мн. эксцесс;
крайность
2. прил.
1) избыточный;
превышающий норму The charge for excess baggage was disgusting. I shall complain. ≈ Плата за багаж сверх нормы немыслима. Я буду жаловаться. excess profits tax ≈ налог на сверхприбыль excess profit ≈ сверхприбыль
2) добавочный, дополнительный избыток, излишек - * of provisions излишки продовольствия - * of caution излишняя осторожность /осмотрительность/ - * to dispose *es (специальное) реализовывать излишки излишество;
чрезмерность;
крайность - to * чрезмерно, больше чем нужно, до излишества - to drink to * пьянствовать, злоупотреблять алкоголем - she was serious almost to * она была, пожалуй, слишком серьезна - he is generous to * он излишне щедр - indulgence carried to * потворство, доведенное до крайности крайнее, чрезмерное проявление - an * of grief бурное проявление горя - in an * of joy вне себя от радости - in an * of mirth задыхаясь от смеха превышение - the * of one over the other количество, на которое одно превышает другое - * of jurisdiction on the part of the House превышение палатой (представителей) своих полномочий - in * of больше, свыше, сверх (нормы и т. п.) - production in * of plan производство сверх плана, перевыполнение производственного задания - last year there was an * of imports over exports в прошлом году ввоз превысил вывоз - to act in * of one's rights действовать неправомерно;
превышать свои полномочия разница в (денежных) суммах - he paid * of first over third class он доплатил разницу между стоимостью билета первого и третьего класса - any * in payment will be refunded всякая переплата будет возмещена выход за пределы допустимого, разумного;
излишество, превышение, эксцесс - to control *es не допускать крайностей /излишеств, перегибов/ - to denounce *es осудить перегибы эксцесс, беспорядок, волнение - the *es of the Right акты насилия, совершаемые правыми невоздержанность, невоздержание, неумеренность ( в еде, питье и т. п.) (математика) остаток - * of nine остаток при делении на девять( математика) угловой избыток, угловой дефект (статистика) эксцесс излишний, избыточный - * weight лишний вес - * energy избыток сил;
энергия, бьющая ключем /через край/ - * stock( военное) избыточные запасы превышающий норму - * fare доплата, приплата( за билет) - * acid (медицина) повышенная кислотность - * load (техническое) чрезмерная нагрузка - * voltage (электротехника) перенапряжение - * waste( техническое) отходы, превышающие норму (американизм) уволить по сокращению штатов (учителя, чиновника) (американизм) перевести на другую работу в связи с рационализацией (американизм) временно зачислить в резерв с сохранением жалованья consolidation ~ консолидационный излишек consolidation ~ сводный излишек excess избыток, излишек;
in excess of сверх, больше чем ~ избыток ~ излишек ~ излишний ~ неумеренность;
to excess до излишества;
слишком много ~ неумеренность;
to excess до излишества;
слишком много ~ превышение ~ численное превосходство ~ (обыкн. pl) эксцесс;
крайность ~ эксцесс ~ attr. дополнительный;
excess luggage багаж выше нормы;
excess fare ж.-д. доплата, приплата (за билет) ~ attr. дополнительный;
excess luggage багаж выше нормы;
excess fare ж.-д. доплата, приплата (за билет) ~ attr. дополнительный;
excess luggage багаж выше нормы;
excess fare ж.-д. доплата, приплата (за билет) ~ of births превышение рождаемости над смертностью ~ of demand over supply превышение спроса над предложением ~ of imports превышение импорта ~ of jurisdiction превышение власти ~ of loss страх. эксцедент убытка ~ of loss reinsurance эксцедентное перестрахование ~ of loss treaty договор на эксцедентное перестрахование ~ profit сверхприбыль;
excess profits tax налог на сверхприбыль ~ profit сверхприбыль;
excess profits tax налог на сверхприбыль tax: excess profits ~ налог на сверхприбыль excess избыток, излишек;
in excess of сверх, больше чем in ~ of больше in ~ of сверх top ~ предельный эксцедент -
38 assert
assert [əˈsɜ:t]affirmer ; [+ independence] revendiquer* * *[ə'sɜːt] 1.transitive verb1) ( state) affirmer ( that que); ( against opposition) soutenir ( that que)2) ( demand) revendiquer [right, claim]2. -
39 Inanspruchnahme
In·an·spruch·nah·me <-> f kein pl( geh)1) ( Nutzung) use, utilization;nur durch die \Inanspruchnahme eines Kredits kann ich das Projekt verwirklichen I can only realize the project if I can get a loan;auf \Inanspruchnahme seiner Rechte verzichten to waive one's rights;die \Inanspruchnahme von Rechtsbeistand/ Vergünstigungen/ Sozialhilfe claims for legal aid/privileges/social security2) (Belastung, Beanspruchung) demand;die berufliche \Inanspruchnahme the demands of one's job;die starke \Inanspruchnahme führt zu hohem Verschleiß frequent use leads to rapid signs of wear and tear -
40 waive
weiv1) (to give up or not insist upon (eg a claim or right): He waived his claim to all the land north of the river.) renunciar (a), prescindir (de)2) (not to demand or enforce (a fine, penalty etc): The judge waived the sentence and let him go free.) no aplicartr[weɪv]to waive one's rights: renunciar a sus derechosto waive the rules: no aplicar las reglasv.• desistir de v.• renunciar v.weɪvtransitive verb (frml)a) ( not apply) \<\<rule\>\> no aplicar*; \<\<condition\>\> no exigir*b) ( renounce) \<\<right/privilege\>\> renunciar a[weɪv]VT1) (=not claim) [+ right, claim, fee] renunciar a2) (=exonerate from) [+ payment of loan, interest] exonerar de3) (=suspend) [+ regulation] no aplicar; [+ condition, restriction] no exigir* * *[weɪv]transitive verb (frml)a) ( not apply) \<\<rule\>\> no aplicar*; \<\<condition\>\> no exigir*b) ( renounce) \<\<right/privilege\>\> renunciar a
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