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  • 41 Turbo

    1.
    turbo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. ( fut. perf. turbassit, for turbaverit, Cic. Leg. 3, 4; al. turbassitur) [turba], to disturb, agitate, confuse, disorder; to throw into disorder or confusion (freq. and class.; syn.: confundo, misceo, agito).
    I.
    Lit.:

    ventorum vi agitari atque turbari mare,

    Cic. Clu. 49, 138:

    aequora ventis,

    Lucr. 2, 1:

    hibernum mare,

    Hor. Epod. 15, 8; Ov. M. 7, 154; 14, 545 al.:

    eversae turbant convivia mensae,

    id. ib. 12, 222; cf. in a poet. transf.:

    ancipiti quoniam bello turbatur utrimque,

    Lucr. 6, 377:

    ne comae turbarentur, quas componi vetuit,

    Quint. 11, 3, 148:

    ne turbet toga mota capillos,

    Ov. Am. 3, 2, 75:

    capillos,

    id. M. 8, 859; id. Am. 3, 14, 33; cf.

    in a Greek construction: turbata capillos,

    id. M. 4, 474:

    ceram,

    the seal, Quint. 12, 8, 13:

    uvae recentes alvum turbant,

    Plin. 23, 1, 6, § 10.— Absol.:

    instat, turbatque ruitque,

    Ov. M. 12, 134.—Reflex.:

    cum mare turbaret (sc. se),

    Varr. R. R. 3, 17, 7 Schneid. ad loc. (al. turbaretur).—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Milit. t. t., to throw into disorder, break the line of battle, disorganize:

    equitatus turbaverat ordines,

    Liv. 3, 70, 9:

    aciem peditum,

    id. 30, 18, 10.— Absol.:

    equites eruptione factā in agmen modice primo impetu turbavere,

    Liv. 38, 13, 12:

    turbantibus invicem copiis,

    Flor. 4, 2, 49:

    hic rem Romanam, magno turbante tumultu, sistet,

    Verg. A. 6, 857.—
    2.
    Of water, to trouble, make thick or turbid:

    lacus,

    Ov. M. 6, 364:

    fons quem nulla volucris turbarat,

    id. ib. 3, 410:

    flumen imbre,

    id. ib. 13, 889:

    limo aquam,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 60:

    aquas lacrimis,

    Ov. M. 3, 475; cf.:

    pulvis sputo turbatus,

    Petr. 131.—
    II.
    Trop.:

    non modo illa permiscuit, sed etiam delectum atque ordinem turbavit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 50, § 123:

    qui omnia inflma summis paria fecit, turbavit, miscuit,

    id. Leg. 3, 9, 19:

    Aristoteles quoque multa turbat, a magistro Platone non dissentiens,

    id. N. D. 1, 13, 33:

    quantas res turbo!

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 1:

    quas meus filius turbas turbet,

    id. Bacch. 4, 9, 1; cf.:

    quae meus filius turbavit,

    id. ib. 5, 1, 5; id. Cas. 5, 2, 6:

    ne quid ille turbet vide,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 7, § 24:

    haec, quae in re publicā turbantur,

    id. ib. 3, 9, 3:

    cum dies alicui nobilium dicta novis semper certaminibus contiones turbaret,

    Liv. 3, 66, 2: ne incertā prole auspicia turbarentur, id. 4, 6, 2:

    milites nihil in commune turbantes,

    Tac. H. 1, 85:

    turbantur (testes),

    Quint. 5, 7, 11; cf. id. 4, 5, 6; 5, 14, 29; 10, 7, 6:

    spem pacis,

    Liv. 2, 16, 5.— Absol.: Ph. Ea nos perturbat. Pa. Dum ne reducam, turbent porro, quam velint, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 12 (cf. I. B. 1. supra):

    repente turbare Fortuna coepit,

    Tac. A. 4, 1:

    si una alterave civitas turbet,

    id. ib. 3, 47: M. Servilius postquam, ut coeperat, omnibus in rebus turbarat, i. e. had deranged all his affairs, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 2.— Impers. pass.:

    nescio quid absente nobis turbatum'st domi,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 3, 7:

    totis Usque adeo turbatur agris,

    Verg. E. 1, 12:

    si in Hispaniā turbatum esset,

    Cic. Sull. 20, 57.—Hence, turbātus, a, um, P. a., troubled, disturbed, disordered, agitated, excited.
    A.
    Lit.:

    turbatius mare ingressus,

    more stormy, Suet. Calig. 23:

    turbatius caelum,

    id. Tib. 69.—
    B.
    Trop.:

    hostes inopinato malo turbati,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 12:

    oculis simul ac mente turbatus,

    Liv. 7, 26, 5:

    turbatus religione simul ac periculo,

    Suet. Ner. 19; cf.:

    turbatus animi,

    Sil. 14, 678:

    placare voluntates turbatas,

    Cic. Planc. 4, 11: seditionibus omnia turbata sunt, Sall. Or. Phil. contr. Lepid. 1:

    turbata cum Romanis pax,

    Just. 18, 2, 10:

    omnia soluta, turbata atque etiam in contrarium versa,

    Plin. Ep. 8, 14, 7; cf.:

    quae si confusa, turbata, permixta sunt, etc.,

    id. ib. 9, 5, 3.—Hence, adv.: turbātē, confusedly, disorderly:

    aguntur omnia raptim atque turbate,

    in confusion, Caes. B. C. 1, 5, 1.
    2.
    turbo, ĭnis, m. (collat. form tur-ben, ĭnis, n., Tib. 1, 5, 3; id. ap. Charis. p. 118 P.; gen. turbonis, Caes. ib.) [1. turbo], that which spins or twirls round (cf. vertex).
    I.
    A whirlwind, hurricane, tornado: ventus circumactus et eundem ambiens locum et se ipse vertigine concitans turbo est. Qui si pugnacior est ac diutius volutatur, inflammatur, et efficit, quem prêstêra Graeci vocant:

    hic est igneus turbo,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 13, 3:

    falsum est faces et trabes turbine exprimi,

    id. ib. 7, 5, 1; 2, 22, 2; id. Ep. 109, 18:

    procellae, turbines,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 20, 51; cf.: saevi exsistunt turbines, Pac. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 39, 157 (Trag. Rel. p. 111 Rib.); Enn. ap. Schol. Vat. ad Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 4 (Ann. v. 553 Vahl.):

    venti vis rapido percurrens turbine campos,

    Lucr. 1, 273; cf. id. 1, 279; 1, 294; 5, 217; Ov. M. 6, 310:

    senatus decrevit, ut Minerva, quam turbo dejecerat, restitueretur,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 25, 1:

    turbo aut subita tempestas,

    id. Cael. 32, 79:

    pulvis collectus turbine,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 31:

    venti rotanti turbine portant,

    Lucr. 1, 294:

    ita turbine nigro Ferret hiemps,

    Verg. G. 1, 320:

    venti ruunt et terras turbine perflant,

    id. A. 1, 83:

    accendi turbine quodam aëris,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 4, 1.—In apposition with ventus:

    exoritur ventus turbo,

    Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 47:

    circumstabant navem turbines venti,

    id. Trin. 4, 1, 16.—
    B.
    Trop., whirlwind, storm, etc.:

    qui in maximis turbinibus ac fluctibus rei publicae navem gubernassem,

    Cic. Pis. 9, 20:

    tu, procella patriae, turbo ac tempestas pacis atque otii,

    id. Dom. 53, 137:

    ego te in medio versantem turbine leti Eripui,

    Cat. 64, 149:

    cum illi soli essent duo rei publicae turbines,

    Cic. Sest. 11, 25:

    miserae mentis,

    Ov. Am. 2, 9, 28:

    miserarum rerum,

    id. M. 7, 614:

    nescio quo miserae turbine mentis agor,

    id. Am. 2, 9, 28:

    Gradivi,

    i. e. tumult of war, Sil. 11, 101:

    virtutem turbine nullo Fortuna excutiet tibi,

    Luc. 2, 243:

    horum mala, turbo quīs rerum imminet,

    Sen. Agam. 196.—
    II.
    Lit., a spinning-top, whipping-top, Verg. A. 7, 378 sq.; Tib. 1, 5, 3.—
    B.
    Transf., of things that have the shape or whirling motion of a top, as a reel, whirl, spindle, etc., Cic. Fat. 18, 42; Varr. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 1, 449; Hor. Epod. 17, 7; Cat. 64, 315; Ov. M. 1, 336; Plin. 2, 10, 7, § 47; 9, 36, 61, § 130; 27, 4, 5, § 14; 36, 13, 19, § 90; 37, 4, 15, § 56.—
    III.
    A whirling motion, a whirl, twirl, twist, rotation, revolution, a round, circle (mostly poet.):

    cum caeli turbine ferri,

    Lucr. 5, 624:

    lunae,

    id. 5, 632:

    ignium,

    id. 6, 640; cf. Verg. A. 3, 573:

    teli (contorti),

    id. ib. 6, 594; cf. id. ib. 11, 284; Luc. 3, 465; Sil. 4, 542:

    saxi,

    whirling force, circular hurling, Verg. A. 12, 531:

    serpentis,

    i. e. the coiling, Sil. 3, 191:

    Aegaeus,

    whirlpool, vortex, Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 287; so, rapax, Stat [p. 1918] Th. 4, 813:

    verterit hunc (servum in emancipatione) dominus, momento turbinis exit Marcus Dama,

    i. e. of whirling round, Pers. 5, 78: militiae turbine factus eques, i. e. through the round of military gradation or promotion, Ov. Am. 3, 15, 6:

    vulgi,

    i. e. a throng, crowd, Claud. II. Cons. Stil. 200.
    3.
    Turbo, ōnis, m., the name of a gladiator, Hor. S. 2, 3, 310.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Turbo

  • 42 turbo

    1.
    turbo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. ( fut. perf. turbassit, for turbaverit, Cic. Leg. 3, 4; al. turbassitur) [turba], to disturb, agitate, confuse, disorder; to throw into disorder or confusion (freq. and class.; syn.: confundo, misceo, agito).
    I.
    Lit.:

    ventorum vi agitari atque turbari mare,

    Cic. Clu. 49, 138:

    aequora ventis,

    Lucr. 2, 1:

    hibernum mare,

    Hor. Epod. 15, 8; Ov. M. 7, 154; 14, 545 al.:

    eversae turbant convivia mensae,

    id. ib. 12, 222; cf. in a poet. transf.:

    ancipiti quoniam bello turbatur utrimque,

    Lucr. 6, 377:

    ne comae turbarentur, quas componi vetuit,

    Quint. 11, 3, 148:

    ne turbet toga mota capillos,

    Ov. Am. 3, 2, 75:

    capillos,

    id. M. 8, 859; id. Am. 3, 14, 33; cf.

    in a Greek construction: turbata capillos,

    id. M. 4, 474:

    ceram,

    the seal, Quint. 12, 8, 13:

    uvae recentes alvum turbant,

    Plin. 23, 1, 6, § 10.— Absol.:

    instat, turbatque ruitque,

    Ov. M. 12, 134.—Reflex.:

    cum mare turbaret (sc. se),

    Varr. R. R. 3, 17, 7 Schneid. ad loc. (al. turbaretur).—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Milit. t. t., to throw into disorder, break the line of battle, disorganize:

    equitatus turbaverat ordines,

    Liv. 3, 70, 9:

    aciem peditum,

    id. 30, 18, 10.— Absol.:

    equites eruptione factā in agmen modice primo impetu turbavere,

    Liv. 38, 13, 12:

    turbantibus invicem copiis,

    Flor. 4, 2, 49:

    hic rem Romanam, magno turbante tumultu, sistet,

    Verg. A. 6, 857.—
    2.
    Of water, to trouble, make thick or turbid:

    lacus,

    Ov. M. 6, 364:

    fons quem nulla volucris turbarat,

    id. ib. 3, 410:

    flumen imbre,

    id. ib. 13, 889:

    limo aquam,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 60:

    aquas lacrimis,

    Ov. M. 3, 475; cf.:

    pulvis sputo turbatus,

    Petr. 131.—
    II.
    Trop.:

    non modo illa permiscuit, sed etiam delectum atque ordinem turbavit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 50, § 123:

    qui omnia inflma summis paria fecit, turbavit, miscuit,

    id. Leg. 3, 9, 19:

    Aristoteles quoque multa turbat, a magistro Platone non dissentiens,

    id. N. D. 1, 13, 33:

    quantas res turbo!

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 1:

    quas meus filius turbas turbet,

    id. Bacch. 4, 9, 1; cf.:

    quae meus filius turbavit,

    id. ib. 5, 1, 5; id. Cas. 5, 2, 6:

    ne quid ille turbet vide,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 7, § 24:

    haec, quae in re publicā turbantur,

    id. ib. 3, 9, 3:

    cum dies alicui nobilium dicta novis semper certaminibus contiones turbaret,

    Liv. 3, 66, 2: ne incertā prole auspicia turbarentur, id. 4, 6, 2:

    milites nihil in commune turbantes,

    Tac. H. 1, 85:

    turbantur (testes),

    Quint. 5, 7, 11; cf. id. 4, 5, 6; 5, 14, 29; 10, 7, 6:

    spem pacis,

    Liv. 2, 16, 5.— Absol.: Ph. Ea nos perturbat. Pa. Dum ne reducam, turbent porro, quam velint, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 12 (cf. I. B. 1. supra):

    repente turbare Fortuna coepit,

    Tac. A. 4, 1:

    si una alterave civitas turbet,

    id. ib. 3, 47: M. Servilius postquam, ut coeperat, omnibus in rebus turbarat, i. e. had deranged all his affairs, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 2.— Impers. pass.:

    nescio quid absente nobis turbatum'st domi,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 3, 7:

    totis Usque adeo turbatur agris,

    Verg. E. 1, 12:

    si in Hispaniā turbatum esset,

    Cic. Sull. 20, 57.—Hence, turbātus, a, um, P. a., troubled, disturbed, disordered, agitated, excited.
    A.
    Lit.:

    turbatius mare ingressus,

    more stormy, Suet. Calig. 23:

    turbatius caelum,

    id. Tib. 69.—
    B.
    Trop.:

    hostes inopinato malo turbati,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 12:

    oculis simul ac mente turbatus,

    Liv. 7, 26, 5:

    turbatus religione simul ac periculo,

    Suet. Ner. 19; cf.:

    turbatus animi,

    Sil. 14, 678:

    placare voluntates turbatas,

    Cic. Planc. 4, 11: seditionibus omnia turbata sunt, Sall. Or. Phil. contr. Lepid. 1:

    turbata cum Romanis pax,

    Just. 18, 2, 10:

    omnia soluta, turbata atque etiam in contrarium versa,

    Plin. Ep. 8, 14, 7; cf.:

    quae si confusa, turbata, permixta sunt, etc.,

    id. ib. 9, 5, 3.—Hence, adv.: turbātē, confusedly, disorderly:

    aguntur omnia raptim atque turbate,

    in confusion, Caes. B. C. 1, 5, 1.
    2.
    turbo, ĭnis, m. (collat. form tur-ben, ĭnis, n., Tib. 1, 5, 3; id. ap. Charis. p. 118 P.; gen. turbonis, Caes. ib.) [1. turbo], that which spins or twirls round (cf. vertex).
    I.
    A whirlwind, hurricane, tornado: ventus circumactus et eundem ambiens locum et se ipse vertigine concitans turbo est. Qui si pugnacior est ac diutius volutatur, inflammatur, et efficit, quem prêstêra Graeci vocant:

    hic est igneus turbo,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 13, 3:

    falsum est faces et trabes turbine exprimi,

    id. ib. 7, 5, 1; 2, 22, 2; id. Ep. 109, 18:

    procellae, turbines,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 20, 51; cf.: saevi exsistunt turbines, Pac. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 39, 157 (Trag. Rel. p. 111 Rib.); Enn. ap. Schol. Vat. ad Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 4 (Ann. v. 553 Vahl.):

    venti vis rapido percurrens turbine campos,

    Lucr. 1, 273; cf. id. 1, 279; 1, 294; 5, 217; Ov. M. 6, 310:

    senatus decrevit, ut Minerva, quam turbo dejecerat, restitueretur,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 25, 1:

    turbo aut subita tempestas,

    id. Cael. 32, 79:

    pulvis collectus turbine,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 31:

    venti rotanti turbine portant,

    Lucr. 1, 294:

    ita turbine nigro Ferret hiemps,

    Verg. G. 1, 320:

    venti ruunt et terras turbine perflant,

    id. A. 1, 83:

    accendi turbine quodam aëris,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 4, 1.—In apposition with ventus:

    exoritur ventus turbo,

    Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 47:

    circumstabant navem turbines venti,

    id. Trin. 4, 1, 16.—
    B.
    Trop., whirlwind, storm, etc.:

    qui in maximis turbinibus ac fluctibus rei publicae navem gubernassem,

    Cic. Pis. 9, 20:

    tu, procella patriae, turbo ac tempestas pacis atque otii,

    id. Dom. 53, 137:

    ego te in medio versantem turbine leti Eripui,

    Cat. 64, 149:

    cum illi soli essent duo rei publicae turbines,

    Cic. Sest. 11, 25:

    miserae mentis,

    Ov. Am. 2, 9, 28:

    miserarum rerum,

    id. M. 7, 614:

    nescio quo miserae turbine mentis agor,

    id. Am. 2, 9, 28:

    Gradivi,

    i. e. tumult of war, Sil. 11, 101:

    virtutem turbine nullo Fortuna excutiet tibi,

    Luc. 2, 243:

    horum mala, turbo quīs rerum imminet,

    Sen. Agam. 196.—
    II.
    Lit., a spinning-top, whipping-top, Verg. A. 7, 378 sq.; Tib. 1, 5, 3.—
    B.
    Transf., of things that have the shape or whirling motion of a top, as a reel, whirl, spindle, etc., Cic. Fat. 18, 42; Varr. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 1, 449; Hor. Epod. 17, 7; Cat. 64, 315; Ov. M. 1, 336; Plin. 2, 10, 7, § 47; 9, 36, 61, § 130; 27, 4, 5, § 14; 36, 13, 19, § 90; 37, 4, 15, § 56.—
    III.
    A whirling motion, a whirl, twirl, twist, rotation, revolution, a round, circle (mostly poet.):

    cum caeli turbine ferri,

    Lucr. 5, 624:

    lunae,

    id. 5, 632:

    ignium,

    id. 6, 640; cf. Verg. A. 3, 573:

    teli (contorti),

    id. ib. 6, 594; cf. id. ib. 11, 284; Luc. 3, 465; Sil. 4, 542:

    saxi,

    whirling force, circular hurling, Verg. A. 12, 531:

    serpentis,

    i. e. the coiling, Sil. 3, 191:

    Aegaeus,

    whirlpool, vortex, Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 287; so, rapax, Stat [p. 1918] Th. 4, 813:

    verterit hunc (servum in emancipatione) dominus, momento turbinis exit Marcus Dama,

    i. e. of whirling round, Pers. 5, 78: militiae turbine factus eques, i. e. through the round of military gradation or promotion, Ov. Am. 3, 15, 6:

    vulgi,

    i. e. a throng, crowd, Claud. II. Cons. Stil. 200.
    3.
    Turbo, ōnis, m., the name of a gladiator, Hor. S. 2, 3, 310.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > turbo

  • 43 volvo

    volvo, volvi, vŏlūtum, 3 ( inf. pass. volvier, Lucr. 5, 714), v. a. [Sanscr. varas, circumference; Gr. eluô, to wrap; root Wel-], to roll, turn about, turn round, tumble any thing.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    (amnis) volvit sub undis Grandia saxa,

    Lucr. 1, 288; Verg. A. 11, 529; Ov. Ib. 173:

    flumen lapides volvens,

    Hor. C. 3, 29, 38:

    beluas cum fluctibus (procellae),

    Plin. 9, 3, 2, § 5:

    vortices (flumen),

    Hor. C. 2, 9, 22:

    fumum caligine (ventus),

    Lucr. 6, 691:

    oculos huc illuc,

    Verg. A. 4, 363:

    oculos per singula,

    id. ib. 8, 618:

    filum,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 114 Müll. volvendi sunt libri, to unroll, i. e. open, Cic. Brut. 87, 298:

    Tyrrhena carmina retro,

    Lucr. 6, 381 (hence, volumen, in the signif. of roll, book, volume, v. h. v. I.):

    semineces volvit multos,

    rolls in the dust, fells to the ground, Verg. A. 12, 329 et saep.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To roll up or together, form by rolling:

    pilas,

    Plin. 30, 11, 30, § 99; cf.:

    qui terga dederant, conversi in hostem volventesque orbem, etc.,

    forming a circle, Liv. 22, 29, 5:

    jam orbem volventes suos increpans,

    id. 4, 28, 3.—
    2.
    To breathe, exhale, etc. ( poet.):

    vitalis aëris auras Volvere in ore,

    Lucr. 6, 1225:

    (equus) Collectumque fremens volvit sub naribus ignem,

    Verg. G. 3, 85.—
    3.
    Mid., to turn or roll itself round about, to turn or roll along:

    nobis caenum teterrima quom sit Spurcities, eadem subus haec jucunda videtur, Insatiabiliter toti ut volvantur ibidem,

    Lucr. 6, 978:

    ille (anguis) inter vestes et levia pectora lapsus Volvitur,

    Verg. A. 7, 349:

    cylindrum volvi et versari turbinem putant,

    Cic. Fat. 18, 42:

    illi qui volvuntur stellarum cursus sempiterni,

    id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:

    excussus curru moribundus volvitur arvis,

    rolls, Verg. A. 10, 590:

    volvi humi,

    id. ib. 11, 640:

    volvitur Euryalus leto,

    id. ib. 9, 433:

    lacrimae volvuntur inanes,

    roll, flow, id. ib. 4, 449.— Part.:

    volventia plaustra,

    Verg. G. 1, 163.—
    II. A.
    In gen.:

    volvere curarum tristes in pectore fluctus,

    Lucr. 6, 34:

    magnos fluctus irarum,

    id. 6, 74:

    ingentes iras in pectore,

    Liv. 35, 18, 6:

    tot volvere casus Insignem pietate virum,

    i. e. to undergo so many misfortunes, Verg. A. 1, 9; cf.:

    satis diu saxum hoc volvo,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 9 (8), 55:

    (lunam) celerem pronos Volvere menses,

    in rolling on, Hor. C. 4, 6, 40; cf.:

    volvendis mensibus,

    Verg. A. 1, 269:

    has omnis (animas) ubi mille rotam volvere per annos,

    i. e. completed the cycle, id. ib. 6, 748; and neutr.:

    volventibus annis,

    with revolving years, after the lapse of years, id. ib. 1, 234; cf.:

    volventia lustra,

    Lucr. 5, 928:

    volvens annus,

    Ov. M. 5, 565:

    sic fata deum rex Sortitur volvitque vices,

    fixes the series of revolving events, Verg. A. 3, 376; cf.:

    sic volvere Parcas,

    id. ib. 1, 22:

    M. Pontidius celeriter sane verba volvens,

    rolling off, Cic. Brut. 70, 246:

    sententias facile verbis,

    id. ib. 81, 280 longissima est complexio verborum, quae volvi uno spiritu potest, id. de Or. 3, 47, 182:

    ne verba traic amus aperte, quo melius aut cadat aut volvatur oratio,

    be rounded, form periods, id. Or. 69, 229.—
    B.
    In partic., to turn over or revolve in the mind; to ponder, meditate, or reflect upon, consider (cf. verso):

    multa cum animo suo volvebat,

    Sall. J. 6, 2; 108, 3:

    multa secum,

    id. C. 32, 1; id. J. 113, 1; Liv. 26, 7, 3:

    immensa omnia animo,

    id. 2, 49, 5; Tac. H. 1, 30; Suet. Vesp. 5:

    bellum in animo,

    Liv. 42, 5, 1:

    in pectore,

    id. 35, 18, 6:

    has inanium rerum inanes ipsas volventes cogitationes,

    id. 6, 28, 7; 34, 60, 2; 32, 20, 2; Curt. 10, 5, 15:

    incerta consilia,

    id. 10, 8, 7; 5, 9, 3:

    bellum adversus nos,

    Tac. A. 3, 38:

    Fauni sub pectore sortem,

    Verg. A. 7, 254: haec illis volventibus tandem vicit fortuna [p. 2014] reipublicae, Sall. C. 41, 3:

    subinde hoc in animo volve,

    Sen. Ep. 13, 13:

    secretas cogitationes intra se,

    Curt. 10, 8, 9:

    adeo ut plerumque intra me ipsum volvam,

    Tac. A. 14, 53:

    regna tecum volvis,

    Val. Max. 7, 2, ext. 1:

    mente aliquid,

    Lact. Epit. 60, 13.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > volvo

  • 44 circumscribo

    circum-scrībo, psi, ptum, 3, v. a.
    I.
    Prop., to draw a line around, to circumscribe, enclose in a circle (in good prose;

    very freq. in Cic.): orbem,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 8, 23:

    lineas extremas umbrae,

    Quint. 10, 2, 7:

    virgulā stantem,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 8, 23:

    virgā regem,

    Liv. 45, 12, 5:

    aeneā fibulā pars auriculae latissima circumscribitur,

    Col. 6, 5, 4:

    terram surculo heliotropii,

    Plin. 22, 21, 29, § 60.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To draw a line as the circumference of a thing (cf. Quint. 12, 10, 5), i. e. to define, encompass, enclose, lim it, bound, circumscribe (syn.: definio, describo, termino):

    nullis ut terminis (orator) circumscribat aut definiat jus suum,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 16, 70; cf.:

    genus universum brevi circumscribi et definiri potest,

    id. Sest. 45, 97:

    exiguum nobis vitae curriculum natura circumscripsit, immensum gloriae,

    id. Rab. Perd. 10, 30:

    quibus regionibus vitae spatium circumscriptum est,

    id. Arch. 11, 29:

    ante enim circumscribitur mente sententia confestimque verba concurrunt,

    id. Or. 59, 200:

    locum habitandi alicui,

    id. Par. 2, 18:

    Oceanus undique circumscribit omnes terras et ambit,

    Gell. 12, 13, 20:

    uti mihi dicas et quasi circumscribas verbis, quid homo sit,

    id. 4, 1, 12.—
    B.
    To bring within narrow bounds, i. e. to contract, hem in, circumscribe, to hinder free action, to restrain, confine, limit, etc. (syn.: claudo, includo, coërceo).
    (α).
    Esp., of the restrictions or hinderances imposed by one magistracy or authority upon another:

    Senatus credo praetorem eum circumscripsisset,

    Cic. Mil. 33, 88 (cf. just before:

    an consules in praetore coërcendo fortes fuissent),

    id. Att. 7, 9, 2; id. Phil. 13, 9, 19; Caes. B. C. 1, 32; Auct. ap. Quint. 9, 3, 72:

    ille se fluvio Rubicone et CC. milibus circumscriptum esse patiatur?

    Cic. Phil. 6, 3, 5:

    gulam et ventrem,

    Sen. Ep. 108, 14:

    circumscribere corpus et animo locum laxare,

    id. ib. 15, 2:

    laudes,

    id. Cons. ad Helv. 19, 7.—
    (β).
    In gen.:

    uno genere genus hoc aratorum,

    to comprehend in one class, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 61, § 149 Zumpt:

    totum Dionysium sex epitomis circumscripsit,

    abridged, Col. 1, 1, 10:

    ut luxuriam vilitate circumscribamus,

    Plin. 22, 2, 3, § 4.—
    2.
    In later medic. lang. circumscribi = minui, to abate, subside:

    gravedo circumscribitur,

    Cael. Aur. Tard. 5, 10; so id. Acut. 2, 10 fin. —
    C.
    To encircle or go around by writing = scribendo circumdare, i. e. to deceive, cheat, circumvent, entrap, insnare (syn.:

    circumvenio, decipio): fallacibus et captiosis interrogationibus circumscripti atque decepti,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 15, 46; Plin. 7, 40, 41, § 131; 33, 3, 14, § 48: non circumscribetur, qui ita se gesserit, ut dicat, etc., will not be deceived, i. e. will commit no error, Sen. Q. N. 5, 1, 3; id. Ep. 82, 19.—
    2.
    In mercantile lang., to deprive of money, to overreach, defraud:

    adulescentulos,

    Cic. Phil. 14, 3, 7; Juv. 10, 222; 14, 237:

    ab Roscio HS. I[C ][C ]. circumscriptus,

     Cic. Rosc. Com. 8, 24:

    vectigalia,

    to embezzle, Quint. Decl. 340.—
    3.
    In law, to defeat the purpose of a law, a will, etc., by a forced or too literal interpretation:

    legem,

    Dig. 4, 3, 18 fin.:

    ita circumscripto testamento,

    Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 4; Front. Aquaed. 112: constitutiones, Lact. de Ira Dei, 8.—
    4.
    Of circumlocution, to involve in language:

    oratio rem simplicem circumscribens elocutione,

    Auct. Her. 4, 32, 43; cf.:

    facetis jocis sacrilegium circumscribens,

    covering, Just. 39, 2, 5.—
    D.
    To cancel; to declare invalid, to annul, invalidate, void, set aside (cf. circumduco, II. D.):

    hoc omni tempore Sullano ex accusatione circumscripto,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 16, § 43 (sublato, circumducto, praetermisso, Ascon.):

    circumscriptis igitur iis seutentiis, quas posui, etc.,

    id. Fin. 3, 9, 31.—Hence, circumscriptus, a, um, P. a.
    1.
    (Acc. to II. A.) In rhet., rounded into periods, periodic:

    circumscripti verborum ambitus,

    Cic. Or. 12, 38; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 32, 43; Quint. 12, 10, 5, and v. circumscriptio.— Adv.: circum-scriptē, in periods:

    circumscripte numeroseque dicere,

    Cic. Or. 66, 221: circumscripte complecti singulas res. id. N. D. 2, 59, 147.—
    2.
    (Acc. to II. B.) Restricted, limited:

    brevis et circumscripta quaedam explicatio,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 189:

    (vis orationis) pressior et circumscriptior et adductior,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 4.— Adv.: circum-scriptē, summarily:

    circumscripte et breviter ostendere,

    Lact. 5, 14, 8; 5, 9, 20. — Sup. of the adj., and comp. and sup. of the adv. not in use.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > circumscribo

  • 45 circumstantes

    circum-sto, stĕti, 1, v. n. and a. (the perf. and pluperf. having the same form with those of circumsisto, and a similar meaning, it is sometimes doubtful to which verb a form belongs), to stand around in a circle, to take a station round; and, with the acc., to stand around a person or thing, to surround, encircle, encompass.
    I.
    Prop. (very freq. and class.).
    (α).
    Absol.: circumstant cum ardentibus taedis, Enn ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 89 (Trag. v. 51 Vahl.):

    circumstant lacrimis rorantes ora genasque,

    Lucr. 3, 469:

    Morini spe praedae adducti circumsteterunt,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 37:

    circumstant properi aurigae,

    Verg. A. 12, 85:

    ad circumstantes tendens sua bracchia silvas, Ov M. 3, 441: circumstantis exercitūs gratia,

    Curt. 9, 3, 15:

    amici,

    id. 3, 5, 9.—
    (β).
    With acc.:

    aliquem,

    Verg. G. 4, 216; Ov. M. 11, 505; Curt. 5, 12, 9:

    equites Romani qui circumstant senatum,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 21:

    sellam,

    Liv. 8, 32, 14; Suet. Aug. 35:

    solem,

    Ov. M. 2, 394:

    sacra,

    id. ib. 2, 717:

    lectum,

    Curt. 10, 5, 2.—
    2.
    Hence, circumstantes, ĭum, m. subst., the by-standers, Quint. 4, 2, 22; 4, 2, 127; Tac. A. 1, 21; 1, 22; Suet. Caes. 84; id. Aug. 93; Curt. 6, 10, 36.—
    B.
    In partic., to surround in a hostile manner, to beset, besiege:

    circumstare tribunal praetoris urbani, obsidere cum gladiis curiam, etc.,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 32:

    quem tres Curiatii circumsteterant,

    Liv. 1, 25, 6:

    si ambo consules infesti circumstarent tribunum,

    id. 3, 9, 6:

    urbem Romanam,

    id. 27, 40, 6:

    regis tecta,

    Verg. A. 7, 585; cf. the foll.—
    II.
    Trop., to surround, encompass, occupy, take possession of (freq. in post-Aug prose); absol. or with acc.:

    cum dies et noctes omnia nos undique fata circumstent,

    Cic. Phil. 10, 10, 20:

    circumstant te summae auctoritates,

    id. Verr. 1, 17, 52:

    cum tanti undique terrores circumstarent,

    Liv. 6, 2, 4; cf. id. 30, 3, 3:

    anceps proelium Romanos circumsteterat, incertos in quem hostem eruptionem facerent,

    id. 25, 34, 10:

    ancepsque terror circumstabat,

    id. 21, 28, 3; 34, 27, 1; Quint. 10, 3, 30:

    haec me cura, haec difficultas sola circumstat,

    Plin. Pan. 3, 4:

    at me tum primum saevus circumstetit horror,

    Verg. A. 2, 559:

    scio acerba meorum Circumstare odia ( = meos, qui me oderunt),

    id. ib. 10, 905:

    circumsteterat Civilem et alius metus,

    Tac. H. 4, 79:

    circumsteterat palatium publica exspectatio,

    id. ib. 1, 17:

    paupertas et angustiae rerum nascentes eos circumsteterunt,

    id. Or. 8.— Subst.: circumstantĭa, ium, n., details, circumstances, in an argument:

    illa (argumenta) per se fortia non oportet circumstantibus obscurare,

    Quint. 5, 12, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > circumstantes

  • 46 circumsto

    circum-sto, stĕti, 1, v. n. and a. (the perf. and pluperf. having the same form with those of circumsisto, and a similar meaning, it is sometimes doubtful to which verb a form belongs), to stand around in a circle, to take a station round; and, with the acc., to stand around a person or thing, to surround, encircle, encompass.
    I.
    Prop. (very freq. and class.).
    (α).
    Absol.: circumstant cum ardentibus taedis, Enn ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 89 (Trag. v. 51 Vahl.):

    circumstant lacrimis rorantes ora genasque,

    Lucr. 3, 469:

    Morini spe praedae adducti circumsteterunt,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 37:

    circumstant properi aurigae,

    Verg. A. 12, 85:

    ad circumstantes tendens sua bracchia silvas, Ov M. 3, 441: circumstantis exercitūs gratia,

    Curt. 9, 3, 15:

    amici,

    id. 3, 5, 9.—
    (β).
    With acc.:

    aliquem,

    Verg. G. 4, 216; Ov. M. 11, 505; Curt. 5, 12, 9:

    equites Romani qui circumstant senatum,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 21:

    sellam,

    Liv. 8, 32, 14; Suet. Aug. 35:

    solem,

    Ov. M. 2, 394:

    sacra,

    id. ib. 2, 717:

    lectum,

    Curt. 10, 5, 2.—
    2.
    Hence, circumstantes, ĭum, m. subst., the by-standers, Quint. 4, 2, 22; 4, 2, 127; Tac. A. 1, 21; 1, 22; Suet. Caes. 84; id. Aug. 93; Curt. 6, 10, 36.—
    B.
    In partic., to surround in a hostile manner, to beset, besiege:

    circumstare tribunal praetoris urbani, obsidere cum gladiis curiam, etc.,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 32:

    quem tres Curiatii circumsteterant,

    Liv. 1, 25, 6:

    si ambo consules infesti circumstarent tribunum,

    id. 3, 9, 6:

    urbem Romanam,

    id. 27, 40, 6:

    regis tecta,

    Verg. A. 7, 585; cf. the foll.—
    II.
    Trop., to surround, encompass, occupy, take possession of (freq. in post-Aug prose); absol. or with acc.:

    cum dies et noctes omnia nos undique fata circumstent,

    Cic. Phil. 10, 10, 20:

    circumstant te summae auctoritates,

    id. Verr. 1, 17, 52:

    cum tanti undique terrores circumstarent,

    Liv. 6, 2, 4; cf. id. 30, 3, 3:

    anceps proelium Romanos circumsteterat, incertos in quem hostem eruptionem facerent,

    id. 25, 34, 10:

    ancepsque terror circumstabat,

    id. 21, 28, 3; 34, 27, 1; Quint. 10, 3, 30:

    haec me cura, haec difficultas sola circumstat,

    Plin. Pan. 3, 4:

    at me tum primum saevus circumstetit horror,

    Verg. A. 2, 559:

    scio acerba meorum Circumstare odia ( = meos, qui me oderunt),

    id. ib. 10, 905:

    circumsteterat Civilem et alius metus,

    Tac. H. 4, 79:

    circumsteterat palatium publica exspectatio,

    id. ib. 1, 17:

    paupertas et angustiae rerum nascentes eos circumsteterunt,

    id. Or. 8.— Subst.: circumstantĭa, ium, n., details, circumstances, in an argument:

    illa (argumenta) per se fortia non oportet circumstantibus obscurare,

    Quint. 5, 12, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > circumsto

  • 47 cohors

        cohors rtis （acc. cortem, C.), f    [com- + HER-], a court, enclosure, yard, pen, cattle-yard, O.: habes cortem in Palatio, i. e. your house.—A crowd, multitude, company, throng, train: gigantum, H.: fratrum stipata, V.: impura, villanous mob: febrium, H. — In the army, a company, division, cohort (the tenth part of a legion, or six centuriae, about 360 men), Cs.: cum cohortibus expeditis ire, S. — A train, retinue, body of attendants, staff, suite: praetoria, the body-guard of the governor: praetoris: Metelli: tota tua illa: laudat Brutum laudatque cohortem, H.: cf. scortorum praetoria.—Auxiliary troops, allies, S.
    * * *
    court; enclosure/yard/pen, farmyard; attendants, retinue, staff; circle; crowd; cohort, tenth part of legion (360 men); armed force; band; ship crew; bodyguard

    Latin-English dictionary > cohors

  • 48 ambitus

    1.
    ambītus, a, um, Part. of ambio.
    2.
    ambĭtus, ūs, m. [ambio].
    I.
    Lit. A going round, a moving round about, a revolution:

    cum se octo ambitus ad idem caput rettulerint,

    Cic. Tim. 9:

    aquae per amoenos ambitus agros,

    Hor. A. P. 17 (cf. ambio, II. A.):

    alligata mutuo ambitu (i. e. amplexu) corpora,

    Petr. 132:

    ambitu breviore luna currit quam sol,

    Plin. 2, 23, 21, § 86:

    saeculorum,

    Tac. A. 6, 28:

    verborum (i. e. ambages),

    Suet. Tib. 71.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Abstr. pro concr., a circuit, circle, circumference, periphery, edge of a circular object:

    ambitus parmae,

    Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 4:

    folia ambitu serrato,

    id. 25, 6, 30, § 66:

    castra lato ambitu,

    Tac. A. 1, 61; 4, 49:

    ambitus lacus,

    Suet. Claud. 21.— Trop., of discourse, periphrasis, circumlocution, = ambages:

    multos circa unam rem ambitus facere,

    Liv. 27, 27.—Hence, the open space left round a house:

    ambitus est quod circumeundo teritur,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 22 Müll.:

    P. Scaevola id solum esse ambitus aedium dixerit, quo etc.,

    Cic. Top. 4: ambitus proprie dicitur inter vicinorum aedificia locus duorum pedum et semipedis ad circumeundi facultatem relictus, Paul. ex Fest. p. 16 Müll. —Also, the small space around sepulchres, Dig. 47, 12, 5.—
    B.
    An unlawful striving for posts of honor, or canvassing for office; esp. by bribery (cf. ambitio, I.), prohibited by the Lex Calpurnia, Caecilia, Fabia, Julia, Licinia, Tullia de ambitu, against bribery, corruption, etc.:

    legem ambitus flagitāsti,

    Cic. Mur. 23:

    punire ambitum,

    id. ib. 32, 67; cf. Sall. C. 18, 2 Kritz:

    accusare aliquem ambitus,

    Cic. Clu. 41:

    deferre nomen alicujus de ambitu,

    id. Cael. 31:

    interrogare aliquem legibus ambitus,

    Sall. C. 18, 2:

    damnatus ambitus,

    Cic. Clu. 41:

    condemnare de ambitu,

    Suet. Caes. 41 al.:

    effusae ambitus largitiones,

    Nep. Att. 6.—
    C.
    In gen., the desire to make a display, ostentation, vanity, show, parade:

    relinque ambitum: tumida res est vana, ventosa,

    Sen. Ep. 84:

    proprius quidam intellegendi ambitus,

    Quint. 12, 10, 3.—Of speech, bombastic fulness, parade:

    imagine et ambitu rerum,

    Quint. 10, 1, 16 Fr.; id. Decl. 4 fin. —
    D.
    In rhet., a period:

    comprehensio et ambitus ille verborum (si sic periodum appellari placet),

    Cic. Brut. 44, 162; id. Or. 12; so id. ib. 50.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ambitus

  • 49 cyclas

    cyclas, ădis, f., = kuklas (circular; hence as in Greek; cf.

    Liddell and Scott in h. v. l.),

    a state-robe of women, with a border running round it, Prop. 4 (5), 7, 40; Juv. 6, 259; Vop. Sat. 9; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 41, 1; Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 649 al.—
    II.
    Cyclădes, um, f., = Kuklades, the Cyclades, islands lying in a circle round Delos, in the Ægean Sea, off the coast of the Peloponnesus, Mel. 2, 7, 11; Plin. 4, 12, 22, § 65 sq.; Caes. B. C. 3, 3; Nep. Milt. 2, 5; Liv. 34, 26, 11; Verg. A. 3, 127; Ov. Tr. 1, 11, 8; id. M. 2, 264; Stat. Th. 5, 183.— Sing., Vitr. 7, 7, 3; Juv. 6, 563; Sil. 4, 347; Sen. Herc. Oet. 804.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > cyclas

  • 50 gradus

    grădus, ūs (archaic gen. sing. graduis, Varr. ap. Non. 494, 17; dat. gradu, Lucil. ap. Fest. s. v. remeligines, p. 276 Müll.), m. [kindr. with Sanscr. kram, to go; v. gradior], a step, pace (cf.: gressus, passus, incessus).
    I.
    Lit.:

    ad hanc conversionem, quae pedibus et gradu non egeret, ingrediendi membra non dedit,

    Cic. Univ. 6: quaenam vox ex te resonans meo gradu remoram facit? Lucil. l. l.: gradum proferre pedum, Enn. ap. Fest. S. V. PEDUM, p. 249, a Müll. (Trag. v. 248 Vahl.): quo nunc incerta re atque inorata gradum Regredere conare? id. ap. Non. 166, 23 (Trag. v. 12 Vahl.):

    gradum facere,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 61, 249:

    tollere gradum,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 6:

    ad forum suspenso gradu placide ire perrexi,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 27:

    quieto et placido gradu sequi,

    Phaedr. 2, 7, 6; cf.

    , on the contrary: celeri gradu Eunt uterque,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 22:

    ut tu es gradibus grandibus,

    id. Ep. 1, 1, 11:

    citato gradu in hostem ducere,

    Liv. 28, 14, 17:

    concito gradu properare,

    Phaedr. 3, 2, 11:

    gradum celerare,

    to hasten, Verg. A. 4, 641: so,

    corripere,

    Hor. C. 1, 3, 33:

    addere,

    Liv. 26, 9, 5:

    sistere,

    Verg. A. 6, 465:

    sustinere,

    Ov. F. 6, 398:

    revocare,

    Verg. A. 6, 128:

    referre,

    Ov. F. 5, 502:

    vertere,

    Stat. Th. 8, 138 et saep.:

    peditum aciem instructam pleno gradu in hostem inducit,

    at full pace, at a quick step, Liv. 4, 32, 10; 34, 15, 3; 34, 16, 2; cf.: militari gradu viginti milia passuum horis quinque dumtaxat aestivis conficienda sunt;

    pleno autem gradu, qui citatior est, totidem horis XXIV. milia peragenda sunt,

    Veg. 1, 9:

    modico gradu,

    Liv. 30, 5, 3: presso gradu, = badên, with measured step, a moderate pace, id. 28, 14, 14:

    citato gradu,

    id. 28, 14, 17; Trebon. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 16, 2: non gradu, sed praecipiti cursu a virtute descitum, ad vitia transcursum, step by step, = gradatim, Vell. 2, 1, 1:

    per gradus,

    Ov. M. 2, 354.—
    B.
    Trop., a step, stage, degree:

    quem mortis timuit gradum,

    pace, approach, Hor. C. 1, 3, 17:

    hunc quasi gradum quendam atque aditum ad cetera factum intelligitis,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 15, 38; cf.:

    itaque majoribus nostris in Africam ex hac provincia gradus imperii factus est,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 1, § 3; Quint. 3, 6, 8; so,

    Crassus Licinius nec consul nec praetor ante fuerat, quam censor est factus: ex aedilitate gradum censuram fecit,

    Liv. 27, 6, 17; 6, 35, 2 Drak.:

    hunc gradum mei reditus esse, quod mulieres revertissent,

    a step towards my return, Cic. Att. 7, 23, 2; cf. Liv. 6, 42, 2:

    notitiam primosque gradus vicinia fecit: Tempore crevit amor,

    Ov. M. 4, 59; cf. Prop. 1, 13, 8:

    cum consuleretur, quid sentiret, Non possum, inquit, tibi dicere: nescio enim quid de gradu faciat: tamquam de essedario interrogaretur,

    i. e. of the Peripatetics, Sen. Ep. 29:

    etsi spondeus, quod est e longis duabus, hebetior videtur et tardior, habet tamen stabilem quendam et non expertem dignitatis gradum,

    pace, Cic. Or. 64, 216.
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    In milit. and gladiator's lang., station, position, ground taken by a combatant:

    obnisos vos (velim) stabili gradu impetum hostium excipere,

    Liv. 6, 12, 8; cf. Tac. H. 2, 35:

    de gradu libero ac stabili conari,

    Liv. 34, 39, 3:

    in suo quisque gradu obnixi, urgentes scutis, sine respiratione ac respectu pugnabant,

    id. 8, 38, 11:

    inque gradu stetimus, certi non cedere,

    Ov. M. 9, 43:

    hostes gradu demoti,

    Liv. 6, 32, 8 Drak. N. cr.; for which:

    turbare ac statu movere,

    id. 30, 18, 4.—
    2.
    Trop., a firm position or stand:

    corda virum mansere gradu,

    i. e. firm, steadfast, Sil. 16, 21:

    fortis et constantis est, non perturbari in rebus asperis, nec tumultuantem de gradu deici, ut dicitur,

    to let one's self be disconcerted, Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80; cf.:

    dejectus de gradu,

    id. Att. 16, 15, 3: motus gradu, Sen. Const. Sap. 19:

    gradu depulsus,

    Nep. Them. 5, 1; cf.:

    nam si gradum, si caritatem filii apud te haberem,

    Liv. 40, 9, 3.—
    B. 1.
    Lit. (usu. in plur.): quemadmodum scalarum gradus si alios tollas, alios incidas, etc., Caecin. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3:

    haerent parietibus scalae, postesque sub ipsos Nituntur gradibus,

    Verg. A. 2, 443:

    gradus templorum,

    Cic. Att. 4, 1, 5:

    gradus ejusdem templi tollebantur,

    id. Sest. 15, 34; cf.:

    aerea cui (templo) gradibus surgebant limina,

    Verg. A. 1, 448; Vell. 2, 3, 1:

    pro Palatii gradibus,

    Suet. Ner. 8; id. Vit. 15:

    praeceps per gradus ire,

    id. Calig. 35:

    si gradibus trepidatur ab imis,

    Juv. 3, 200.—
    (β).
    Sing.:

    cum dextro pede primus gradus ascenditur,

    Vitr. 3, 3.—
    b.
    Transf., of things that rise by steps.
    (α).
    In hair-dressing, a braid of hair:

    caput in gradus atque anulos comptum,

    Quint. 12, 10, 47:

    comam in gradus frangere,

    id. 1, 6, 44; cf.:

    coma in gradus formata,

    Suet. Ner. 51.—
    (β).
    In econom. lang., a spit or such a depth of earth as can be dug at once with the spade, Col. 3, 13, 19; 4, 1, 3.—
    (γ).
    In math., a degree of a circle, Manil. 1, 579.—
    (δ).
    In veterin. lang., a wrinkle on the roof of a horse's mouth, Veg. Vet. 1, 2; 32; 4, 2.—
    2.
    Trop., a step, degree in tones, in age, relationship, rank, etc. (equally common in sing. and plur.):

    ille princeps variabit et mutabit, omnes sonorum tum intendens tum remittens persequetur gradus,

    Cic. Or. 18, 59; cf. id. de Or. 3, 61, 227:

    ab ima ad summam (vocem) ac retro multi sunt gradus,

    Quint. 11, 3, 15; cf. Vulg. Psa. 119 Tit. et saep.:

    Paulatim gradus aetatis scandere adultae,

    Lucr. 2, 1123; cf.:

    quod tanta penuria est in omni vel honoris vel aetatis gradu, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 3; so,

    aetatis,

    Vell. 2, 36, 2; Quint. 3, 7, 15; Suet. Aug. 79; id. Tit. 3 al.:

    unus gradus et una progenies,

    Lact. 2, 10, 10:

    nostri quoque sanguinis auctor Juppiter est, totidemque gradus distamus ab illo,

    Ov. M. 13, 143; cf.:

    a matre Magnum Pompeium artissimo contingebat gradu,

    Suet. Aug. 4; id. Ner. 2:

    qui (populus) te tam mature ad summum imperium per omnes honorum gradus extulit,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 11, 28:

    gradus dignitatis,

    id. Rep. 1, 27; cf. id. ib. 1, 27 fin.—Sing.:

    ex tam alto dignitatis gradu,

    Cic. Lael. 3, 12 fin.:

    gradus altior, altissimus, amplissimus, dignitatis,

    id. Clu. 55, 150; id. Phil. 1, 6, 14; id. Mur. 14, 30; cf. also id. ib. 27, 55:

    summum in praefectura florentissima gradum tenere et dignitatis et gratiae,

    id. Planc. 13, 32:

    a senatorio gradu longe abesse,

    id. de Imp. Pomp. 21, 61; cf.:

    ascendens gradibus magistratuum,

    id. Brut. 81, 281.—Without gen.:

    etenim quis est civis praesertim hoc gradu, quo me vos esse voluistis, tam oblitus beneficii vestri, etc.,

    id. Phil. 6, 7, 18; id. Ac. 2, 2, 6:

    omni gradu amplissimo dignissimus,

    id. Fam. 6, 10, 2:

    gradus officiorum,

    id. Off. 1, 45, 160:

    temporum servantur gradus,

    id. Part. 4, 12: cf.:

    non iidem erunt necessitudinum gradus qui temporum,

    id. Off. 1, 18, 59:

    gradus cognationis,

    Dig. 38, 10, 1 sqq.:

    v. de gradibus,

    Paul. Sent. 4, 11, 1 -8:

    agnationis,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 10, 11:

    si plures eodem gradu sint agnati,

    Ulp. Fragm. 26, 5: cognati ex transverso gradu usque ad quartum gradum, i. e. collateral kindred (opp. parentes et liberi), id. ib. 5, 6:

    gradus plures sunt societatis hominum,

    id. ib. 1, 17, 53:

    peccatorum gradus,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 74, § 172:

    oratorum aetates et gradus,

    id. Brut. 32, 122; cf.:

    gradus et dissimilitudines Atticorum,

    id. ib. 82, 285:

    accendendi judicis plures sunt gradus,

    Quint. 11, 3, 166; 6, 4, 67: nec gradus est ultra Fabios cognominis ullus;

    Illa domus meritis Maxima dicta suis,

    Ov. F. 1, 605:

    si ita esset, quid opus erat te gradatim istuc pervenire?... A beatis ad virtutem, a virtute ad rationem video te venisse gradibus,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 32, 89; cf.:

    omnes gradus virtutis implere,

    Lact. 5, 14, 18; and:

    hi plerumque gradus,

    Juv. 11, 46.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > gradus

  • 51 triquetrum

    trĭquē̆trus, a, um, adj., having three corners, three-cornered, triangular.
    I.
    In gen.:

    triquetra aliis, aliis quadrata,

    Lucr. 4, 653:

    ager (opp. quadratus),

    Col. 5, 2, 1:

    figura (opp. quadrata),

    Plin. 2, 25, 23, § 93:

    (Britannia) insula naturā triquetra,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 13:

    Martis sidus numquam stationem facere Jovis sidere triquetro,

    i. e. distant by a third of the zodiac, Plin. 2, 17, 15, § 77; also as subst.: trĭquē̆trum, i, n., the trinal aspect, that in which a planet ' s longitude differs by one-third of a circle from the earth ' s:

    in triquetro,

    id. 2, 15, 12, § 59; 2, 18, 16, § 80.—
    II.
    In partic., as adj. prop., of or belonging to the island of Sicily, Sicilian:

    orae,

    Lucr. 1, 717; Sil. 5, 489:

    tellus,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 55; cf. Quint. 1, 6, 30.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > triquetrum

  • 52 triquetrus

    trĭquē̆trus, a, um, adj., having three corners, three-cornered, triangular.
    I.
    In gen.:

    triquetra aliis, aliis quadrata,

    Lucr. 4, 653:

    ager (opp. quadratus),

    Col. 5, 2, 1:

    figura (opp. quadrata),

    Plin. 2, 25, 23, § 93:

    (Britannia) insula naturā triquetra,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 13:

    Martis sidus numquam stationem facere Jovis sidere triquetro,

    i. e. distant by a third of the zodiac, Plin. 2, 17, 15, § 77; also as subst.: trĭquē̆trum, i, n., the trinal aspect, that in which a planet ' s longitude differs by one-third of a circle from the earth ' s:

    in triquetro,

    id. 2, 15, 12, § 59; 2, 18, 16, § 80.—
    II.
    In partic., as adj. prop., of or belonging to the island of Sicily, Sicilian:

    orae,

    Lucr. 1, 717; Sil. 5, 489:

    tellus,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 55; cf. Quint. 1, 6, 30.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > triquetrus

  • 53 cortīna

        cortīna ae, f    a kettie, caldron, the tripod of Apollo, in the form of a caldron, V.—The priestess of Apollo: reddidit vocem, O.—A circle of hearers, Ta.
    * * *
    cauldron, (of Delphi oracle), kettle; water-organ; vault/arch; curtain (L+S)

    Latin-English dictionary > cortīna

  • 54 demorior

    dē-mŏrĭor, mortuus, 3, v. dep. n., to die off, to die, depart, decease (i. e. from an office, out of a circle of associates, etc., cf. Fabri ad Liv. 23, 21, 7. In the class. per. only in the perf. or part. perf.; not found in Caes. and the Aug. poets).
    I.
    Lit.:

    paene sum fame demortuus,

    Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 62:

    cum esset ex veterum numero quidam senator demortuus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 50, § 124; cf.:

    tantum hominum demortuum esse, ut, etc.,

    Liv. 40, 19; 26, 23; Curt. 8, 10:

    alii sunt alias, nostrique familiares fere demortui,

    Cic. Att. 16, 11 fin.:

    posse evenire, ut demoriantur mancipia,

    Dig. 4, 4, 11, § 5.—So in pub. law lang.:

    in demortui (magistratus) locum creatur, sufficitur, etc.,

    Liv. 5, 31 Drak.; 23, 21 sq.; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 5, § 9; Suet. Caes. 41 al.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To depart, be gone:

    potationes plurimae demortuae, Quot adeo cenae, quas deflevi, mortuae!

    Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 58:

    demortua vocabula,

    obsolete, Gell. 9, 2, 11.—
    B.
    With acc. pers., to be dying for love of any one (cf. depereo):

    ea demoritur te,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 1, 23; 4, 2, 49.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > demorior

  • 55 brevis

        brevis e, adj. with comp. and sup.    [BREG-].— In space, short: via, V.: brevior via, N.: cursus brevissimus, V.: brevius iter, O.: tam brevis aqua, so narrow a stream, O.: scopulus, small, O.: brevibus Gyaris, Iu. — Of stature, short, small, low: iudex brevior quam testis: (puella) longa brevisque, O. — Of height: ut pleraque Alpium, sicut breviora, ita adrectiora sunt, lower, L.—Of depth, shallow: vada, V.: puteus, Iu.— Plur n. as subst, shallow places, shallows, shoals: Eurus In brevia urget, V.—Of the line of a circle: ubi circulus spatio brevissimus ambit, makes the shortest path, O.—Fig., of life: vitae curriculum: vitae brevis cursus: fila vitae breviora, O.—Little, small: brevibus implicata viperis, H.: caput, H.: alvus, V.: folia breviora, H.: census, H.: sigillum, O.—As subst n.: scis In breve te cogi, i. e. to be rolled up closely (of a book), H. — Meton., of time, short, brief, little, short-lived: tempus: brevissimum tempus, L.: anni, H.: occasio, T.: omnia brevia tolerabilia esse debent: vitae summa brevis (gen.), H.: littera, a short vowel: syllaba, a short syllable, H.: dactylus, qui est e longā et duabus brevibus: aut omnia breviora aliquanto fuere, aut, etc., occupied a shorter time, L.: flores rosae, short-lived, H.: cena, frugal, H.: ira furor brevis est, H.—Of discourse, short, brief, concise: narratio: Crassi oratio: quam brevia responsu!: cum se breves putent esse, brief: brevis esse laboro, Obscurus fio, H.: breve facere, to be brief: in breve coactae causae, L.: tam in brevi spatio, in so short time, T.: brevi spatio, a little while, S.: spatio brevi, H.: brevi tempore ad nihilum venire, in a little while.
    * * *
    I
    breve, brevior -or -us, brevissimus -a -um ADJ
    short, little, small, stunted; brief, concise, quick; narrow, shallow; humble
    II
    short catalog, summary document

    Latin-English dictionary > brevis

  • 56 cōn-sequor

        cōn-sequor secūtus (sequūtus), ī, dep.,    to follow, follow up, press upon, go after, attend, accompany, pursue. litteras suas prope, L.: se coniecit intro, ego consequor, T.: hos vestigiis.—To follow, pursue (as a foe): copias, Cs.: (alitem) pennis, O.: face iactatā Consequitur ignibus ignes, makes a circle of fire (to the eye), O.—In time, to follow, come after: Cethegum aetate: has res consecuta est mutatio, N.: eius modi sunt tempestates consecutae, uti, etc., Cs.: reliquis consecutis diebus: silentium est consecutum. — To overtake, reach, come up with, attain to, arrive at: hunc fugientem: columbam, V.: rates, O.: ad vesperam consequentur: reliqui legati sunt consecuti, came up, N.: (telum) Consequitur quocumque petit, hits, O.—Fig., to follow, copy, imitate, adopt, obey: Chrysippum Diogenes consequens: Necessest consilia consequi consimilia, T.: mediam consili viam, L. — To follow, ensue, result, be the consequence, arise from: ex quo caedes esset vestrum consecuta: dictum invidia consecuta est, N.: quia libertatem pax consequebatur: illud naturā consequi, ut, etc. — To reach, overtake, obtain, acquire, get, attain: opes quam maximas: honores: eam rem, Cs.: fructum amplissimum ex vestro iudicio: omnia per senatum: suis meritis inpunitatem: gloriam victoriis, N.: in hac pernicie rei p. gratiam: multum in eo se consequi dicebat, quod, etc., that it was a great advantage to him, N.: perverse dicere perverse dicendo, acquire bad habits of speaking.—To reach, come to, overtake, strike: matrem mors consecutast, T.: tanta prosperitas Caesarem est consecuta, ut, N.—To become like, attain, come up to, equal: aliquem maiorem. — To attain to, understand, perceive, learn, know: plura, N.: omnīs illorum conatūs: facta memoriā: tantam causam diligentiā: quid copiarum haberes.—Of speech, to attain, be equal to, do justice to: laudes eius verbis: omnia verbis.

    Latin-English dictionary > cōn-sequor

  • 57 conversiō

        conversiō ōnis, f    [com-+VERT-], a turning round, revolving, revolution: caeli: mensium. — Fig., a subversion, alteration, change: rerum: tempestatum: rei p.—In rhet.: in extremum, repetition at the end of a clause: orationis, the rounding of periods.
    * * *
    rotation/revolution/turning in complete circle; cycle (time); partial turn; change/alteration; political change/upheaval; countering w/opposite conclusion; turning upside down, inversion, transposition; prolapse; paraphrase/rewrite

    Latin-English dictionary > conversiō

  • 58 circes

    circĕs, itis, m. [circum-ire], a circle (ante- and post-class.): ut parvi circuli Anuli, sic magni dicebantur circites Ani, Varr L. L. 6, § 8 Müll.; Sid. Carm. 22, 222. —So of the circumference of the circus, Sid. Carm. 23, 381.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > circes

  • 59 circumscriptio

    circumscriptĭo, ōnis, f. [circumscribo].
    * I.
    Prop. (acc. to circumscribo, I.), an encircling, and (concrete) a circle:

    ex circumscriptione excedere,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 8, 23.—
    II.
    (Acc. to circumscribo, II. A.) A boundary, limit, outline, contour, circuit, compass (most freq. in Cic.): terrae situm, [p. 341] formam, circumscriptionem, Cic. Tusc. 1, 20, 45:

    aeternitas, quam nulla temporis circumscriptio metiebatur,

    id. N. D. 1, 9, 21:

    corporeae forma circumscriptionis,

    Arn. 2, 93; 3, 135.—
    2.
    In rhet.
    (α).
    A period:

    verborum,

    Cic. Or. 61, 204:

    ipsa enim natura verborum quādam circumscriptione comprehendit concluditque sententiam,

    id. Brut. 8, 34; cf. Quint. 9, 4, 124.—
    (β).
    A compendious statement, summing up, Quint. 9, 3, 91.—
    (γ). B.
    (Acc. to circumscribo, II. C.) A deceiving, cheating, overreaching, defrauding (esp. in pecuniary transactions, and by judicial artifice, by pettifogging):

    adulescentium,

    Cic. Off. 3, 15, 61:

    praediorum proscriptiones cum mulierculis apertā circumscriptione fecisti,

    id. Fl. 30, 74; Sen. Ira, 3, 2, 1.—In plur., Cic. Clu. 16, 46; Sen. Ira, 2, 9, 4.—In gen., of deception, deceit, fraud, Sen. Ep. 82, 22; Tert. Pat. 5.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > circumscriptio

  • 60 circumstantia

    circumstantĭa, ae, f. [circumsto] (post-Aug. and rare).
    I.
    A standing round, a surrounding:

    hostium,

    Gell. 3, 7, 5:

    aquae, aëris,

    Sen. Q. N. 2, 7, 2 (as transl. of the Gr. antiperistasis).—
    * B.
    Concr., a surrounding circle, a band, troop:

    angelorum,

    Tert. Or. 3.—
    II.
    Trop., the state, condition, circumstances, attribute, quality:

    rerum negotiorumque,

    Gell. 14, 1, 15; 14, 2, 2; Tert. Bapt. 17: hoc genus argumentorum sane dicamus ex circumstantiā, quia peristasin dicere aliter non possumus, * Quint. 5, 10, 104.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > circumstantia

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