tŏtus

mens, mentis ( nom. sing. mentis: terra corpus est, at mentis ignis est, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 764 P.; so too, istic est de sole sumptus; isque totus mentis est, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 59 Müll.; cf. Enn. p. 168, v. 6 and 7 Vahl.), f. [from the root men, whence memini, q. v., and comminiscor], the mind, disposition; the heart, soul (class.).

In gen.: fusi sine mente ac sine sensu ullo jaceant, Enn. ap. Non. 312, 26 (Ann. v. 134 Vahl.):

nubilam mentem Animi habeo,

Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 6:

mens animi,

Cat. 65, 4:

mens animi vigilat,

Lucr. 4, 758:

mala mens, malus animus,

bad disposition, bad heart, Ter. And. 1, 1, 137:

hominum erga se mentes,

feelings, sentiments, Suet. Calig. 60:

mens mollis ad calamitates perferendas,

Caes. B. G. 3, 19:

humanae mentis vitium... saeva cupido,

Juv. 14, 175.—

In partic.

The conscience:

cum vero jurato sententia dicenda est, meminerit, deum se adhibere testem, id est ut ego arbitror, mentem suam,

Cic. Off. 3, 10, 44:

auditor, cui frigida mens est crimi nibus,

Juv. 1, 166:

quos diri conscia fact, Mens habet attonitos et surdo verbere caedit,

id. 13, 194.—

The intellectual faculties, the mind, understanding, intellect, reason, judgment, discernment, consideration, reflection, etc.: mens, cui regnum totius animi ( soul) a naturā tributum est, Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11:

animus ita est constitutus, ut habeat praestantiam mentis,

id. Fin. 5, 12, 34:

deorum mente atque ratione omnem mundum administrari et regi,

id. N. D. 1, 2, 4:

mente complecti aliquid,

to comprehend, understand, id. Tusc. 1, 16, 37:

sanum mentis esse,

to be of sound mind, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 53:

mens sana in corpore sano, Juv 10, 356: mentis suae esse,

to be in one's right mind, in one's senses, Cic. Pis. 21, 50; so,

mentis compotem esse,

id. ib. 20, 48: captus mente, out of his senses, beside himself, mad (cf. menceps), id. Ac. 2, 17, 53; Paul. Sent. 3, 4, a, 11:

mentem amittere,

to lose one's mind, Cic. Har. Resp. 15. 31:

mentis inops,

Ov. H. 15, 139:

huic ex tempore dicenti effluit mens,

his recollection vanished, Cic. Brut. 61, 218:

quis est tam vecors, qui ea, quae tanta mente fiunt, casu putet posse fieri?

id. Har. Resp. 9, 19:

vobis dent mentem oportet (di), ut prohibeatis, sicut mihi dederunt, ut, etc.,

Liv. 6, 18:

quid tibi istuc in mentem venit?

what comes into your mind? what are you thinking of? Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 34:

modo hercle in mentem venit,

id. As. 3, 2, 42:

venit hoc mihi in mentem, te, etc.,

id. Aul. 2, 2, 49:

venit in mentem, ut, etc.,

id. Curc. 4, 4, 2.—With inf., Plaut. Bacch. 4, 7, 31.—With nom.:

miserae ubi venit in mentem mortis metus,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 3, 23:

servi venere in mentem calliditates,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 13:

quotiescumque patria in mentem veniret,

Liv. 5, 54, 3; 8, 5, 10; Quint. 12, 9, 13; cf.:

numquam ea res tibi tam belle in mentem venire potuisset,

Cic. Att. 12, 37, 2; id. Har. Resp. 26, 55.—With gen. (so mostly in Cic.):

non minus saepe ei venit in mentem potestatis, quam aequitatis tuae,

he bethought himself of, Cic. Quint. 2, 6:

tibi tuarum virtutum veniat in mentem,

id. de Or 2, 61, 249:

venit mihi Platonis in mentem,

id. Fin. 5, 1, 2:

solet mihi in mentem venire illius temporis,

id. Fam. 7, 3, 1.—

Mind, thought, plan, purpose, intention, design. quā facere id possis, nostram nunc accipe mentem, Verg. A. 1, 676: ut nemini dubium esse debeat, quin reliquo tempore eādem mente sim futurus, [p. 1133] Nep. Hann. 2, 5:

Dolabella classem eā mente comparavit, ut,

Cic. Fam. 12, 14, 1:

mentes deorum scrutari in fibris,

Ov. M. 15, 136:

ferro percussit, sed non occidendi mente, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 1, 6, 3: poenae modus ex mente facientis statui potest,

ib. 13, 3, 2:

in mente est mihi dormire,

I have a mind to, Petr. 21.—

Spirit, boldness, courage: addere mentem, to give courage to, Hor Ep. 2, 2, 36:

demittunt mentes,

lose courage, Verg. A. 12, 609 (cf. animus).—

Personified: Mens, the goddess of thought, whose festival was held on the eighth of June, Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19:

Menti aedem T. Octacilius praetor vovit,

Liv. 22, 10; cf. Ov. F. 6, 241.

mens, mentis ( nom. sing. mentis: terra corpus est, at mentis ignis est, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 764 P.; so too, istic est de sole sumptus; isque totus mentis est, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 59 Müll.; cf. Enn. p. 168, v. 6 and 7 Vahl.), f. [from the root men, whence memini, q. v., and comminiscor], the mind, disposition; the heart, soul (class.).

In gen.: fusi sine mente ac sine sensu ullo jaceant, Enn. ap. Non. 312, 26 (Ann. v. 134 Vahl.):

nubilam mentem Animi habeo,

Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 6:

mens animi,

Cat. 65, 4:

mens animi vigilat,

Lucr. 4, 758:

mala mens, malus animus,

bad disposition, bad heart, Ter. And. 1, 1, 137:

hominum erga se mentes,

feelings, sentiments, Suet. Calig. 60:

mens mollis ad calamitates perferendas,

Caes. B. G. 3, 19:

humanae mentis vitium... saeva cupido,

Juv. 14, 175.—

In partic.

The conscience:

cum vero jurato sententia dicenda est, meminerit, deum se adhibere testem, id est ut ego arbitror, mentem suam,

Cic. Off. 3, 10, 44:

auditor, cui frigida mens est crimi nibus,

Juv. 1, 166:

quos diri conscia fact, Mens habet attonitos et surdo verbere caedit,

id. 13, 194.—

The intellectual faculties, the mind, understanding, intellect, reason, judgment, discernment, consideration, reflection, etc.: mens, cui regnum totius animi ( soul) a naturā tributum est, Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11:

animus ita est constitutus, ut habeat praestantiam mentis,

id. Fin. 5, 12, 34:

deorum mente atque ratione omnem mundum administrari et regi,

id. N. D. 1, 2, 4:

mente complecti aliquid,

to comprehend, understand, id. Tusc. 1, 16, 37:

sanum mentis esse,

to be of sound mind, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 53:

mens sana in corpore sano, Juv 10, 356: mentis suae esse,

to be in one's right mind, in one's senses, Cic. Pis. 21, 50; so,

mentis compotem esse,

id. ib. 20, 48: captus mente, out of his senses, beside himself, mad (cf. menceps), id. Ac. 2, 17, 53; Paul. Sent. 3, 4, a, 11:

mentem amittere,

to lose one's mind, Cic. Har. Resp. 15. 31:

mentis inops,

Ov. H. 15, 139:

huic ex tempore dicenti effluit mens,

his recollection vanished, Cic. Brut. 61, 218:

quis est tam vecors, qui ea, quae tanta mente fiunt, casu putet posse fieri?

id. Har. Resp. 9, 19:

vobis dent mentem oportet (di), ut prohibeatis, sicut mihi dederunt, ut, etc.,

Liv. 6, 18:

quid tibi istuc in mentem venit?

what comes into your mind? what are you thinking of? Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 34:

modo hercle in mentem venit,

id. As. 3, 2, 42:

venit hoc mihi in mentem, te, etc.,

id. Aul. 2, 2, 49:

venit in mentem, ut, etc.,

id. Curc. 4, 4, 2.—With inf., Plaut. Bacch. 4, 7, 31.—With nom.:

miserae ubi venit in mentem mortis metus,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 3, 23:

servi venere in mentem calliditates,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 13:

quotiescumque patria in mentem veniret,

Liv. 5, 54, 3; 8, 5, 10; Quint. 12, 9, 13; cf.:

numquam ea res tibi tam belle in mentem venire potuisset,

Cic. Att. 12, 37, 2; id. Har. Resp. 26, 55.—With gen. (so mostly in Cic.):

non minus saepe ei venit in mentem potestatis, quam aequitatis tuae,

he bethought himself of, Cic. Quint. 2, 6:

tibi tuarum virtutum veniat in mentem,

id. de Or 2, 61, 249:

venit mihi Platonis in mentem,

id. Fin. 5, 1, 2:

solet mihi in mentem venire illius temporis,

id. Fam. 7, 3, 1.—

Mind, thought, plan, purpose, intention, design. quā facere id possis, nostram nunc accipe mentem, Verg. A. 1, 676: ut nemini dubium esse debeat, quin reliquo tempore eādem mente sim futurus, [p. 1133] Nep. Hann. 2, 5:

Dolabella classem eā mente comparavit, ut,

Cic. Fam. 12, 14, 1:

mentes deorum scrutari in fibris,

Ov. M. 15, 136:

ferro percussit, sed non occidendi mente, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 1, 6, 3: poenae modus ex mente facientis statui potest,

ib. 13, 3, 2:

in mente est mihi dormire,

I have a mind to, Petr. 21.—

Spirit, boldness, courage: addere mentem, to give courage to, Hor Ep. 2, 2, 36:

demittunt mentes,

lose courage, Verg. A. 12, 609 (cf. animus).—

Personified: Mens, the goddess of thought, whose festival was held on the eighth of June, Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19:

Menti aedem T. Octacilius praetor vovit,

Liv. 22, 10; cf. Ov. F. 6, 241.

nāvĭgo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [navisago], to sail, set sail.

Lit.

Neutr.:

cum per anni tempus navigare poteris, ad nos veni,

Cic. Fam. 16, 7:

ex Asiā in Macedoniam,

id. Fl. 14, 32:

Syracusas,

id. N. D. 3, 34, 83:

in alto,

id. Inv. 2, 51, 153:

plenissimis velis,

id. Dom. 10, 24:

nactus idoneam tempestatem ad navigandum,

Caes. B. G. 4, 23:

e portu,

to set sail, Quint. 4, 2, 42:

quo tempore ceteri praetores consueverunt navigare,

to go by sea, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 31, § 80:

neve naviges, nisi explorate,

id. Fam. 16, 8, 1.—Of ships:

utrum ista classis navigārit,

Cic. Fl. 14, 32:

decrevimus, ut classis in Italiam navigaret,

id. ib. 13, 30; Ov. A. A. 2, 10.—Of goods or freight:

interest utrum ipsae merces periculo creditoris navigent,

go, are transported by ship, Dig. 22, 2, 1.—Prov.:

navigare in portu,

i. e. to be in safety, Ter. And. 3, 1, 22.—

Act., to sail over, navigate:

cum Xerxes maria ambulavisset, terramque navigāsset,

Cic. Fin. 2, 34, 112:

Tyrrhenum aequor,

Verg. A. 1, 67:

aequor Ionium,

Ov. M. 15, 50:

Oceanum septentrionalem,

Suet. Claud. 1: quae homines arant, navigant, aedificant, virtuti omnia parent, all their achievements in navigation, etc., Sall. C. 2, 7.—

Pass.:

totus hodie navigatur occidens: septentrionalis vero Oceanus magnā ex parte navigatus est,

Plin. 2, 67, 67, § 167; 36, 15, 24, § 104; Tac. G. 34; cf. Quint. 1, 4, 28. —

Impers.:

iis enim ventis istim navigatur,

Cic. Fam. 16, 7:

si valebis, cum recte navigari poterit, tum naviges,

id. ib. 16, 12, 6; Plin. 6, 26, 30, § 126.—

Transf.

To sail, remove, proceed:

quam celeriter belli impetus navigavit,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34:

in Africam navigabat bellum,

Flor. 2, 2, 17; 2, 8, 1.—

To swim, Ov. H. 19, 47. —

To flow:

in ipso rapidum mare navigat ore,

Manil. 5, 583.

ŏcŭlĕus, a, um, adj. [id.], full of eyes (ante- and post-class.).

Lit.:

Argus,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 19.—

Transf., sharpsighted:

oculeus totus,

App. M. 2, p. 124 fin.; Mart. Cap. 8, § 810.

ŏpĕrĭo, ŭi, ertum, 4 (archaic fut. operibo: ego operibo caput, Pompon. ap. Non. 507, 33; imperf. operibat, Prop. 4, 12, 35), v. a. [pario, whence the opp. aperio, to uncover; cf. paro], to cover, cover over any thing (class.; syn.: tego, velo, induo).

Lit.

Operire capita, Plaut. Poen. 3, 4, 34; cf.:

capite operto esse,

Cic. Sen. 10, 34:

operiri umerum cum toto jugulo,

Quint. 11, 3, 141; id. praef. § 24.—Esp., of clothing:

aeger multā veste operiendus est,

Cels. 3, 7 fin.; so in Vulg. Isa. 58, 7; id. Ezech. 18, 7 et saep.:

fons fluctu totus operiretur, nisi,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 118:

summas amphoras auro et argento,

Nep. Hann. 9, 3:

mons nubibus,

Ov. P. 4, 5, 5:

(rhombos) quos operit glacies Maeotica,

Juv. 4, 42.—Comically: aliquem loris, to cover over, i. e. to lash soundly, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 28:

reliquias malae pugnae,

i. e. to bury, Tac. A. 15, 28:

operiet eos formido,

Vulg. Ezech. 7, 18; id. Jer. 3, 25.—

Transf., to shut, close (syn.:

claudo, praecludo, obsero): fores,

Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 1:

ostium,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 33:

iste opertā lecticā latus est,

Cic. Phil. 2, 41, 106: oculos, to shut, close (opp. patefacere), Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 150; cf.:

opertos compressosve (oculos),

Quint. 11, 2, 76.—

Trop.

To hide, conceal, keep from observation, dissemble:

quo pacto hoc operiam?

Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 6 Bentl. (al. aperiam):

non in oratione operiendā sunt quaedam,

Quint. 2, 13, 12:

quotiens dictu deformia operit,

id. 8, 6, 59; cf. id. 5, 12, 18:

luctum,

Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 6:

domestica mala tristitia,

Tac. A. 3, 18.—

To overwhelm, burden, [p. 1268] as with shame, etc. (only in part. perf. pass.):

contumeliis opertus,

loaded, overwhelmed, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 111; cf.:

judicia operta dedecore et infamiā,

id. Clu. 22, 61:

infamiā,

Tac. H. 3, 69.—

Of sin, to atone for, cover, cause to be forgotten (eccl. Lat.):

qui converti fecerit peccatorem, operiet multitudinem peccatorum,

Vulg. Jac. 5, 20; id. 1 Pet. 4, 8.— ŏpertus, a, um, P. a., hidden, concealed (class.):

operta quae fuere, aperta sunt,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 3, 9:

res,

Cic. Fin. 2, 2, 5:

operta bella,

Verg. G. 1, 465:

cineres,

Hor. C. 2, 8, 9:

hamum,

id. S. 1, 16, 50.—As subst.: ŏpertum, i, n., a secret place or thing, a secret; an ambiguous answer, dark oracle, etc.:

Apollinis operta,

the dark, ambiguous oracles, Cic. Div. 1, 50, 115:

telluris operta subire,

the depths, Verg. A. 6, 140: opertum Bonae Deae, the secret place or secret service, Cic. Par. 4, 2, 32:

litterarum,

a secret, Gell. 17, 9, 22.— Adv.: ŏpertē, covertly, figuratively (post-class.):

operte et symbolice,

Gell. 4, 11, 10.

possum, pŏtŭi, posse, v. n. irreg. (old forms, potis sum, for possum, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 26; id. Curc. 5, 3, 23; so,

potis est,

id. Ps. 1, 1, 41:

potis sunt, for possunt,

id. Poen. 1, 2, 17: POTISIT, S. C. de Bacchan.: potisset, for posset, and potisse, for posse, Lucil. ap. Non. 484, 32, and 445, 29:

potesse, for posse, very freq.,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 30; id. Cist. 1, 1, 32; id. Truc. 1, 1, 73; id. Ep. 2, 2, 43; id. Bacch. 3, 6, 30 al.; Lucr. 1, 665; 2, 225; 1010:

possiem,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 5, 2; id. Stich. 3, 2, 25:

potis sis,

id. Poen. 4, 2, 53:

potis siem,

id. Merc. 2, 2, 59: possies, Enn. ap. Gell. 2, 29 fin., or Sat. v. 38 Vahl.; Plaut. As. 4, 2, 10; id. Aul. 4, 10, 17; id. Most. 2, 2, 34; 3, 2, 147; id. Men. 5, 9, 45:

possiet,

id. Cist. 1, 3, 37; id. Bacch. 3, 1, 3; id. Most. 1, 1, 13 al.; cf. Brix ad Plaut. Mil. 884; Fleck. Krit. Misc. p. 45 sq.—In pass.: potestur, Enn. ap. Diom. p. 380 P. (Ann. [p. 1404] v. 594 Vahl.): Pac. ap. Non. 508, 29; Quadrig. ap. id. 508, 30; Lucr. 3, 1010: poteratur, Cael. ap. Non. 508, 27: possitur, Lex. Servil. p. 59 Haubold; Scaurus ap. Diom. p. 381 P.: possetur, Quadrig. ap. Non. 508, 18) [potis-sum].

In gen., to be able, have power; I ( thou, he, etc.) can (syn. queo):

quantum valeam, quantumque possim,

Cic. Fam. 6, 5, 1:

consilio, quantum potero, labore plus paene quam potero exeubabo,

id. Phil. 6, 7, 18:

ut, quoad possem et liceret, a senis latere nunquam discederem,

id. Lael. 1, 1:

timor igitur ab iis aegritudinem potuit repellere, ratio non poterit?

id. Tuse. 3, 27, 66.—With sup.:

Caesari te commendavi et tradidi, ut gravissime diligentissimeque potui,

as earnestly and warmly as I possibly could, Cic. Fam. 7, 17, 2: potest fieri, it may be, is possible:

potest fieri, ut fallar,

id. ib. 13, 73, 2: non possum quin, I can not but: non possum quin exclamem, ut ait ille in Trinummo (Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 79; cf. id. Mil. 2, 2, 107); Cic. de Or. 2, 10, 39:

ut nihil ad te dem litterarum, facere non possum,

I cannot help writing to you, id. Att. 8, 14, 1:

facere non potui quin tibi sententiam declararem meam,

id. Fam. 6, 13, 1; cf.:

non possum non: aequitatem tuam non potui non probare,

id. ib. 1, 9, 26:

non possum te non accusare,

id. ib. 5, 14, 2:

is non potest eam (mortem) non timere,

id. Fin. 3, 8, 29.— Absol.: potest (sc. fieri), it may be, is possible:

potest, ut alii ita arbitrentur,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 38: non, non sic futurum est;

non potest,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 73; Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 100 Brix; cf. id. Trin. 3, 3, 3:

quae (mala) si potest singula consolando levare, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84:

nos dignitatem, ut potest, retinebimus,

id. Fam. 1, 2, 4.—Quantum or ut potest, as much or as far as possible:

ibo atque arcessam medicum, quantum potest,

Plaut. Men. 5, 2; id. Most. 3, 2, 71; Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 20:

nos in senatu dignitatem nostram, ut potest in tantā hominum perfidiā, retinebimus,

Cic. Fam. 1, 2, 4.—In urgent questions:

possum scire, quo profectus, cujus sis, aut quid veneris?

may I know? can I learn? pray, will you tell me? Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 190:

possumne ego hodie ex te exsculpere Verum?

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 44.—

In partic.

To be able, to have influence or efficacy, to avail.

With neutr. acc. used adverbially (class.; cf.

polleo): vocat me, quae in me plus potest,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 42:

plus potest qui plus valet,

id. ib. 4, 3, 38:

qui tum et poterant per vim et scelus plurimum, et quod poterant, id audebant,

Cic. Quint. 21, 69:

quid ergo? hoc pueri possunt, viri non poterunt?

id. Tusc. 2, 14, 34:

qui apud me et amicitiā, et beneficiis, et dignitate plurimum possunt,

id. Rosc. Am. 1, 4:

plus aliquanto apud te pecuniae cupiditas, quam judicii metus potuit,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 131; id. de Or. 2, 42, 180:

quid aristolochia ad morsus serpentum possit,

id. Div. 1, 10, 16:

quoniam multum potest provisio animi ad minuendum dolorem,

id. Tusc. 3, 14, 30:

ad beate vivendum satis posse virtutem,

id. ib. 5, 5, 12: multum posse ad salutem alterius... parum potuisse ad exitium, Cic. Opp. ap. Amm. 30, 8, 7.—

In gen., and without neutr. acc. (late Lat.):

posse litteras ejus ad perniciem, non posse ad salutem,

App. Mag. 79, p. 324.—

Posse aliquem, to be able to embrace one ( poet.), Mart. 3, 32.—

Posse as subst. ( poet.):

posse loqui,

the power of speech, Ov. M. 2, 483:

posse moveri = facultatem se movendi,

id. ib. 11, 177.—

Freq. in elliptical sentences:

quod vi non poterant, fraude assequi temptant,

Curt. 5, 10, 8:

Ismenias, etsi publicis non poterat, privatis tamen viribus adjuvabat,

Just. 5, 9, 8:

ut auxilium quod misericordiā non poterat, jure cognationis obtineret,

id. 28, 1, 9:

ut collegam vi, si aliter non possent, de foro abducerent,

Liv. 2, 56.—

In apodosis of conditional sentences, analogous to the auxiliaries of the Engl. potential mood (v. Roby, § 1520; Zumpt, § 519).

Indic.:

ille potuit exspectatior venire, qui te nuntiaret mortuom (= si quis nuntiaret, etc.),

Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 12:

nec vero ipsam amicitiam tueri possumus, nisi aeque amicos et nosmet ipsos diligamus,

Cic. Fin. 1, 20, 67:

Pompeius munitiones Caesaris prohibere non poterat, nisi praelio decertare vellet,

Caes. B. C. 3, 44: consul esse qui potui, nisi eum vitae cursum tenuissem, Cic. Rep. 1, 6, 10:

(res publica) poterat esse perpetua, si patriis viveretur institutis,

id. ib. 3, 29, 41:

deleri totus exercitus potuit, si fugientis persecuti victores essent,

Liv. 32, 12, 6:

nisi felicitas in socordiam vertisset exuere jugum potuerunt,

Tac. Agr. 31.—

Subj.:

qui denique ex bestiis fructus, nisi homines adjuvarent, percipi posset,

Cic. Off. 2, 4, 14; cf.:

ventum quidem erat eo, ut, si hostem similem antiquis Macedonum regibus habuisset consul, magna clades accipi potuerit,

Liv. 44, 4, 9.—So when the condition is implied, or is contained in an adverbial clause:

quae res egestati et aeri alieno tuo praeter mortem Caesaris subvenire potuisset?

Cic. Phil. 2, 14, 36:

quis opifex praeter naturam... tantam sollertiam persequi potuisset in sensibus?

id. N. D. 2, 57, 142; id. Tusc. 4, 19, 44:

plurima proferre possemus, sed modus adhibendus est,

Nep. Epam. 4, 6:

possem hic Ciceronis respondere verbis, sed, etc.,

Quint. 2, 21, 14.—Hence, pŏtens, entis ( gen. plur. potentum, Verg. A. 12, 519; Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 114), P. a.

In gen., able, mighty, powerful, potent (class.):

amplae atque potentes civitates,

Cic. Inv. 2, 56, 169:

familiae clarae ac potentes,

Liv. 23, 4:

amici magni et potentes,

Suet. Aug. 56:

ne quis ex plebe contra potentiorem auxilii egeret,

Caes. B. G. 6, 10:

duo potentissimi reges,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4:

potentissimus et clarissimus civis,

id. Planc. 21, 51.—

With gen.:

quanta sit humani ingenii vis, quam potens efficiendi quae velit,

Quint. 12, 11, 10.—

With abl.:

Roma potens opibus,

Ov. F. 4, 255:

pecuniā et orbitate,

Tac. H. 1, 73.—

With inf.:

compensare potens,

Dig. 16, 2, 10.—

In partic.

Having power over, ruling over, master of a thing; with gen.:

dum liber, dum mei potens sum,

as long as I am my own master, Liv. 26, 13, 14:

sanus mentisque potens,

in his right mind, Ov. Tr. 2, 139:

potens mei non eram,

Curt. 4, 13, 23:

potentes rerum suarum atque urbis,

having made themselves masters of, Liv. 23, 16, 6; so, facere aliquem potentem alicujus rei, to make one master of any thing, to give one the power over a thing:

consilii,

id. 8, 13, 14:

imperii,

id. 22, 42, 12: diva potens Cypri, that reigns over Cyprus, i.e. Venus, Hor. C. 1, 3, 1:

Naïadum potens (Bacchus),

id. ib. 3, 25, 14:

silvarum potens Diana,

id. C. S. 1:

diva potens uteri,

i.e. Lucina, Ov. M. 9, 315:

rerum omnium potens Juppiter,

Tac. H. 4, 84:

lyrae Musa potens,

that presides over lyric poetry, Hor. C. 1, 6, 10:

irae,

master of his anger, Curt. 4, 2, 5:

mariti,

ruling her husband, Tac. A. 14, 60:

animal potens leti,

that can kill, deadly, Luc. 6, 485; cf. id. 5, 199 Corte ad loc.—

Fit for, capable of any thing; with gen.:

potens regni,

Liv. 24, 2: hostes neque pugnae, neque fugae satis potentes caeduntur, unable either to fight or flee, id. 8, 39.—

Partaking of, having attained a thing; with gen. ( poet.):

pacis potentes,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 9:

voti,

Ov. M. 8, 80:

jussi,

having fulfilled the command, id. ib. 4, 509.—

Strong, mighty, powerful, efficacious, potent (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

fortuna in res bellicas potens,

Liv. 9, 17:

herba potens ad opem,

Ov. H. 5, 147:

verba,

id. Am. 3, 11, 31:

herba potens adversus ranas,

Plin. 25, 10, 81, § 130:

passum ex uvis contra haemorrhoida potens,

id. 23, 1, 12, § 15.— Comp.:

nihil esse potentius auro,

Ov. Am. 3, 8, 29:

quaedam ad efficiendum potentiora,

Quint. 6, 1, 26.— Sup.:

potentissimae cantharides,

Plin. 29, 4, 30, § 94:

argumenta,

Quint. 6, 4, 22.—Hence, adv.: pŏtenter, strongly, mightily, powerfully, effectually ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

se ipsam potenter atque efficaciter defendere,

Val. Max. 1, 1, 1:

dicere,

Quint. 12, 10, 72. — Comp.:

aurum... perrumpere amat saxa potentius Ictu fulmineo,

Hor. C. 3, 16, 9; Quint. 6, 4, 18.—

According to one's ability or powers ( poet.):

lecta potenter res,

Hor. A. P. 40.

prex, prĕcis (nom. and gen. sing. not in use; dat. and acc. sing. only ante-class.; most freq. in plur.), f. [precor], a prayer, request, entreaty (class.).

In gen.:

nunc te oro per precem,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 47:

nihil est preci loci relictum,

Ter. And. 3, 4, 22:

prece te oro,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 13:

multā prece prosequi aliquem,

id. C. 4, 5, 33:

cum magnā prece ad aliquem scribere,

Cic. Att. 11, 15, 2:

prece et obsecratione humili ac supplici uti,

id. Inv. 1, 16, 22:

nec prece, nec pretio, nec gratiā, nec simultate a rectā viā deduci,

Auct. Her. 3, 3, 4:

omnibus precibus te oro et obtestor, ut, etc.,

Cic. Att. 9, 11, A, §

3: omnibus precibus petere, ut, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 5, 6; Liv. 28, 2:

fatigare aliquem precibus,

id. 1, 11:

precibus flecti,

Verg. A. 2, 689:

moveri,

Ov. H. 7, 3:

vinci,

id. M. 9, 401:

adduci,

Caes. B. G. 1, 16:

ad miseras preces Decurrere,

Hor. C. 3, 29, 59. —

In partic.

A prayer to a deity:

in prece totus eram,

Ov. F. 6, 251:

eorum preces et vota exaudiens,

Cic. Planc. 41, 97:

vota et preces repudiare,

id. Clu. 70, 201:

tribuunt ei successus petitionum a potestatibus, et a diis etiam precum,

Plin. 29, 4, 19, § 66.—

A good wish, friendly greeting:

tuis Kalendis damus alternas accipimusque preces,

exchange good wishes, Ov. F. 1, 176.—

A curse, imprecation:

omnibus precibus detestatus Ambiorigem,

Caes. B. G. 6, 30:

misit Thyesteas preces,

Hor. Epod. 5, 86:

hostili caput prece detestari,

Ov. M. 15, 505.—

An intercession ( poet.):

jam prece Pollucis, jam Castoris imploratā,

Cat. 68, 65.

rĕ-vello, velli, vulsum or volsum, 3, v. a., to pluck or pull away, to pull or tear out, to tear off or away (freq. and class.).

Lit.:

tela de corpore,

Cic. Pis. 11, 25:

nascentis equi de fronte revolsus amor,

Verg. A. 4, 515:

titulum de fronte,

Ov. P. 4, 13, 7:

telum altā ab radice,

Verg. A. 12, 787:

caput a cervice,

id. G. 4, 523; cf.:

cornu a fronte,

Ov. M. 9, 86:

saxum e monte,

id. ib. 12, 341:

partem e monte,

id. ib. 13, 882:

a silvis silvas et ab arvis arva,

id. ib. 8, 584:

ab aliquo morte revelli,

to be torn away, id. ib. 4, 152:

scuta manibus,

Caes. B. G. 1, 52:

axem temone,

Ov. M. 2, 316; cf.:

sudem osse,

id. ib. 12, 300:

arborem manibus tellure,

id. R. Am. 87:

quos Sidoniā urbe,

to tear away, remove, Verg. A. 4, 545:

puerum,

Ov. F. 6, 515:

solio regem,

Sil. 16, 273:

herbas radice,

with the root, Ov. M. 7, 226; so,

too, annosam pinum solido trunco,

id. ib. 12, 356:

illam crucem, quae fixa est ad portum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 11, § 26:

tabulam,

id. ib. 2, 2, 46, §

112: Gorgonis os pulcherrimum revellit atque abstulit,

id. ib. 2, 4, 56, §

124: gradus,

id. Pis. 10, 23:

saepta,

id. Phil. 5, 4, 9:

claustra,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 52; Liv. 5, 21:

janua, quā effractā et revolsā, tota pateret provincia,

Cic. Mur. 15, 33:

vincula,

id. Caecin. 25, 70:

paene fores templi,

Suet. Calig. 6:

templa,

Luc. 3, 115:

revulsis venis,

opened, Sen. Oedip. 978:

scuta manibus,

Caes. B. G. 1, 52:

pellem,

Col. 2, 3, 1:

stipites revincti, ne revelli possent,

Caes. B. G. 7, 73:

proximos agri terminos,

to tear away, remove, Hor. C. 2, 18, 24:

signa (when an army decamps),

Luc. 7, 77; Sil. 12, 733:

curvo dente humum,

to tear up, Ov. Am. 3, 10, 14; cf.:

majorum sepulcra,

Auct. Her. 4, 8, 12. — Poet.:

cinerem manesque,

to disturb, violate, Verg. A. 4, 427.—

Trop., to tear away, send away, etc.:

cujus totus consulatus est ex omni monumentorum memoriā revulsus,

Cic. Phil. 13, 12, 26:

injurias honorificis verbis,

id. Att. 5, 20, 11:

alicui avias veteres,

prejudices, Pers. 5, 92:

falsorum persuasionem,

Sen. Ep. 95, 33:

penitus de stirpe imperium,

Claud. in Rufin. 2, 207:

oscula fida,

Stat. S. 3, 2, 57 (with dissipat amplexus).

rŏgo, āvi, ātum, 1 ( inf. paragog. rogarier, Cic. Caecin. 33, 95:

rogassint, for rogaverint,

id. Leg. 3, 3, 9), v. a. [etym. dub.; perh. for progo; kindr. with Sanscr. prac, to ask, whence also precor and procus, but referred by Corss. to the same root with Sanscr. rgus, straight; Gr. oregô; Lat. rego, rex, rogus, Krit. Beit. p. 93], to ask, question, interrogate one about a thing.

Lit.

In gen. (so generally throughout ante-class. Lat.; less. freq. in Cic.; syn.: percontor, sciscitor, quaero), constr. aliquem aliquid, or simply aliquem, aliquid, with de, a rel.-clause, or absol. (cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 393). ( a) Aliquem aliquid (class. only with acc. of neutr. pron. or adj., or with sententiam; v. infra, B. 1.):

aliud te rogo,

Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 70:

haud istuc te rogo,

id. Ep. 1, 1, 49:

quin tu id me rogas,

id. Bacch. 2, 3, 24:

hoc te rogo, quos locos adisti?

id. Trin. 4, 2, 85; cf.:

rogare hoc unum te volo,

id. Merc. 3, 1, 17:

dic mihi hoc, quod te rogo,

id. Men. 5, 5, 16; id. Most. 3, 1, 130; id. Ps. 1, 3, 106; 1, 5, 64 et saep.; Ter. And. 4, 4, 12 sq.:

ego patriam te rogo, quae sit tua,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 83; cf.:

hanc (colubram) alia cum rogaret causam facinoris, Respondit, etc.,

Phaedr. 4, 17, 5. —

Aliquem or aliquid:

quos rogo,

Plaut. Pers. 1, 1, 6:

quem ego igitur rogem?

Ter. And. 4, 4, 10:

ecquem hominem tu novisti? te rogo,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 2, 15; men' or me rogas? also, rogas me? in colloq. lang., do you ask that of me? how can you ask? what do you mean by asking that? Eu. Quid ego facerem? Ch. Quid tu faceres? men' rogas? requireres, Rogitares, etc., id. Merc. 3, 4, 48; Ter. Eun. 4, 3, 11; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 5; 4, 5, 32; id. Ad. 1, 2, 2; 4, 5, 31 al.; cf.:

quid me istud rogas? inquam: Stoicos roga,

Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 83:

hoc quod rogo responde,

Plaut. As. 3, 2, 32; id. Curc. 2, 1, 30; 5, 3, 30; id. Ps. 4, 2, 12 al.; Ter. And. 4, 4, 23; Suet. Caes. 82.—

With de:

jam de istoc rogare omitte,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 90; so,

de istac virgine,

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 53:

de te ipso,

Cic. Vatin. 4, 10.—

With interrog.-clause:

rogant me servi, quo eam?

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 83: roga ipsum, quemadmodum ego eum Arimini acceperim, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 383, 8:

quodsi me populus Romanus forte roget, cur Non, etc.,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 70:

quae sit, rogo,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 97:

rogo, num quid velit,

id. Eun. 2, 3, 50:

rogavi pervenissetne Agrigentum?

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 12, § 27:

unde venis? et Quo tendis? rogat et respondet,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 63:

quid verum atque decens curo et rogo,

id. Ep. 1, 1, 11. —

Absol.:

prius respondes quam rogo,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 119:

roganti respondebo,

id. ib. 3, 1, 17:

non edepol nunc, ubi terrarum, sim, scio, si quis roget,

id. Am. 1, 1, 180:

quin tu ergo rogas?

id. As. 1, 1, 15: Ty. Quid ego deliqui? He. Rogas? id. Capt. 3, 5, 2; so id. Rud. 3, 6, 22; id. Cas. 2, 3, 35; id. Bacch. 2, 2, 28; 38 al.; Ter. And. 1, 1, 136; 1, 2, 13; 1, 5, 32 al.; cf. Cic. Mil. 22, 59: etiam rogas? [p. 1599] do you dare to ask? Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 21; id. Bacch. 2, 3, 97; id. Merc. 1, 2, 92; Ter. And. 4, 4, 23 (v. etiam). — Particularly as subst.:

numquam nobis ad rogatum respondent,

Cic. Fl. 4, 10. —

In partic. (class. in all per.).

Publicists' t. t.

Rogare aliquem (sententiam), to ask one for his opinion or vote:

Racilius Marcellinum primum rogavit. Is sententiam dixit, ut, etc.... Postea Racilius de privatis me primum sententiam rogavit,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 2:

quos priores sententiam rogabat,

id. Rep. 2, 20, 35. — Pass.:

cum omnes ante me rogati gratias Caesari egissent, ego rogatus mutavi meum consilium,

Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 4:

scito primum me non esse rogatum sententiam,

id. Att. 1, 13, 2:

primus rogatus sententiam,

Sall. C. 50, 4:

is enim primus rogatus sententiam,

Liv. 37, 14; Quint. 6, 3, 97 al.:

propter ipsam rem, de quā sententiae rogantur, consultabitur,

id. 3, 8, 18. —

Rogare populum or legem, or absol., prop., to ask the people about a law; hence, in gen., to bring the plan of a law before the people for their approval; to propose a law, introduce a bill:

in aes incidi jubebitis credo illa legitima: consules populum jure rogaverunt populusque jure scivit,

Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 26; cf.: T. Quinctius Crispinus consul populum jure rogavit populusque jure scivit in foro pro rostris... quicumque post hanc legem rogatam rivos, specus, etc., an old legal formula ap. Front. Aquaed. 129:

plebem,

Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 9:

legem,

id. Rep. 3, 10, 17; id. Phil. 2, 29, 72; cf.:

quae (leges) non in perpetuum rogentur,

Quint. 2, 4, 40. — Absol.:

ego hanc legem, uti rogas, jubendam censeo,

Liv. 10, 8 fin.; Quint. 2, 4, 35. — Impers. pass.:

nunc rogari, ut populus consules creet,

Liv. 4, 2.—

Rogare populum magistratum, and simply magistratum, to propose a magistrate to the people for their choice, to offer him for election:

factum senatus consultum, ut duo viros aediles ex patribus dictator populum rogaret,

Liv. 6, 42 fin.; cf.:

L. Trebonius tribunus plebis rogationem tulit, ut qui plebem Romanam tribunos plebi rogaret, is usque eo rogaret dum, etc.,

id. 3, 65, 4:

(Caesar) volet, ut consules roget praetor vel dictatorem dicat: quorum neutrum jus est,

Cic. Att. 9, 15, 2; cf.:

praetores, cum ita rogentur, ut collegae consulibus sint, etc.,

id. ib. 9, 9, 3:

hodieque in legibus magistratibusque rogandis usurpatur idem jus,

Liv. 1, 17:

comitia consulibus rogandis habuit,

Cic. Div. 1, 17, 33; Liv. 26, 22; 38, 42; cf. id. 23, 31; 22, 35:

Calpurnius Romam ad magistratus rogandos proficiscitur,

Sall. J. 29, 6.— Absol.:

mortuo rege Pompilio Tullum Hostilium populus regem, interrege rogante, comitiis curiatis creavit,

Cic. Rep. 2, 17, 31.—

Milit. t. t.: rogare milites sacramento, qs. to ask the soldiers if they will take and keep an oath, i. e. to bind them by an oath, administer an oath to them, Caes. B. G. 6, 1; Liv. 32, 26; 35, 2 fin.; 40, 26; cf. Quint. 12, 2, 26. —

Jurid. t. t., to ask a person if he will promise something in making an agreement; to propose a stipulation:

quod fere novissimā parte pactorum ita solet inseri: rogavit Titius, spopondit Maevius, haec verba non tantum pactionis loco accipiuntur sed etiam stipulationis,

Dig. 1, 14, 7, § 12; Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 114; 4, 6, 8; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 37.

Transf., to ask, beg, request, solicit one for a thing (so predominantly in the class. per.; syn.: posco, oro, obsecro, ambio, capto); constr. aliquem (rarely ab aliquo) aliquid, aliquem, aliquid, with ut, ne, or absol.

With acc.:

quā confidentiā rogare argentum me tantum audes, Impudens? Quin si egomet totus veneam, vix recipi potis est, Quod tu me rogas,

Plaut. Pers. 1, 1, 40:

hoc te vehementer etiam atque etiam rogo,

Cic. Fam. 13, 43 fin.:

nefas sit tale aliquid et facere rogatum et rogare... Haec igitur lex in amicitiā sanciatur, ut neque rogemus res turpes nec faciamus rogati,

id. Lael. 11, 39 sq.: otium divos rogat, Hor. c. 2, 16, 1; cf.:

divitias deos,

Mart. 4, 77, 1:

a Metello missionem,

Sall. J. 64, 1:

ut ab avunculo rogetur Aethiops,

Auct. Her. 4, 50, 63:

rogo te, vos, etc., parenthet.: rogo te, videte, quibus hominibus negotium detis, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 10, 26:

rogo vos, quis potest sine offulā vivere?

Suet. Claud. 40:

illae Priami rogantis Achillem preces,

Quint. 10, 1, 50: taurum de aquā per fundum ejus ducenda rogabo, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2, § 4:

ambiuntur, rogantur,

are asked for their votes, id. Rep. 1, 31, 47:

etiamsi precario essent rogandi,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 23, § 59:

transisse Rhenum sese non suā sponte sed rogatum et arcessitum a Gallis,

Caes. B. G. 1, 44; cf.:

ille ab Sardis rogatus ad causam accesserat,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 19, 63:

in proximum annum consulatum peteres, vel potius rogares... a quā (Galliā) nos tum, cum consulatus petebatur, non rogabatur, etc.,

was not begged for, id. Phil. 2, 30, 76:

abii ad praetorem, rogo syngraphum: Datur mihi,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 2, 6:

aquam,

id. Rud. 2, 3, 2:

legatos ad Caesarem mittunt rogatum auxilium,

Caes. B. G. 1, 11; cf. id. ib. 7, 5:

aliquid ab aliquo (rare),

Auct. Her. 4, 50; Sall. J. 64, 1:

cultrum, securim, etc.... Quae utenda vasa semper vicini rogant,

ask for, borrow, Plaut. Aul. 1, 2, 18; id. Mil. 2, 3, 76; Dig. 18, 6, 16.—

With ut or ne (so most freq.):

scitin' quid ego vos rogo? mihi ut praeconium detis,

Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 92; id. Stich. 1, 3, 93:

id ut facias, vehementer te rogo,

Cic. Fam. 13, 44:

etiam atque etiam te rogo atque oro, ut eum juves,

id. ib. 13, 66, 2:

rogat et orat Dolabellam, ut, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 29, § 72:

cum rogat et prece cogit Scilicet ut, etc.,

Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 2; Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, C, 1; id. B. G. 1, 7:

videbatur rogare, scalas ut darem utendas sibi,

that I would lend, Plaut. Rud. 3, 1, 10; Plin. Ep. 3, 10, 5; 4, 13, 11; 4, 28, 3.— With a simple final clause without ut:

Caesar consolatus rogat, finem orandi faciat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 20; Quint. 6, 3, 88; 9, 3, 68; Ov. Ib. 643; and very freq. ap. Plin. Ep.; e. g. 1, 2, 1; 1, 5, 8; 1, 20, 24; 2, 5, 2; 3, 2, 6; 5, 19, 8; 7, 6, 11; 8, 17, 6.—With ne:

rogat frater, ne abeas longius,

Ter. Ad. 5, 5, 1:

ac te illud primum rogabo, ne quid invitus meā causā facias,

Cic. Fam. 13, 1, 2. —

Absol.: neque enim ego sic rogabam, ut petere viderer, quia familiaris esset meus (Plancus), etc., did not solicit in such a way as to, etc., Cic. Planc. 10, 25 (differing from a):

in blandiendo, rogando lenis et summissa (vox),

Quint. 11, 3, 63:

patrem et filium pro vitā rogantes,

Suet. Aug. 13; cf.:

pro aliquo,

id. ib. 40; id. Vit. 12.—

Esp., to invite, ask a visit from any one:

Tertia aderit, modo ne Publius rogatus sit,

Cic. Fam. 16, 22, 1 fin.:

Pomponiam Terentia rogat,

id. Att. 2, 3, 3 fin. — With ad or in and acc.:

ad Palatium,

Lampr. Alex. Sev. 48, 1:

in senatum,

id. Heliog. 4, 1:

ad convivium,

Just. 43, 3, 10:

ad nuptias,

Amm. 14, 6, 24:

in consilium,

Gell. 14, 2, 9.—

Prov.:

malo emere quam rogare, of a thing that does not cost much,

I had rather buy than borrow it, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 12; cf. supra, a and b. —

In gen., to seek, bring, take:

aquam hinc de proximo rogabo,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 75:

hujus (purpurae) exemplum aliunde rogabo, tibi quod ostendam (cf.: exemplum quaeritent, etc., in context),

Auct. Her. 4, 6, 9.

rŏtundus ( rŭt-), a, um, adj. [rota], wheel-shaped, i. e. round, circular, spherical, rotund (very freq. and class.; cf. teres).

Lit.:

cur ea, quae fuerint juxtim quadrata, procul sint Visa rotunda,

Lucr. 4, 502; cf. Cic. Fin. 2, 12, 36:

stellae globosae et rotundae,

id. Rep. 6, 15, 15:

mundum rotundum esse volunt,

id. N. D. 1, 10, 24.— Comp.:

mundum ita tornavit, ut nihil effici possit rotundius,

Cic. Univ. 6; so,

bacae,

Hor. Epod. 8, 13; cf.:

capita rotundiora... rotundissima,

Cels. 8, 1 fin.:

locus infimus in rotundo,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 69:

togae,

hanging evenly all round, Quint. 11, 3, 139.—

Prov.: diruit, aedificat, mutat quadrata rotundis,

i. e. turns every thing upside down, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 100.—

Trop., round, rounded.

In gen.:

sapiens Fortis et in se ipse totus, teres atque rotundus,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 86:

illa rotunda et undique circumcisa,

Quint. 8, 5, 27.—

In partic., of speech (opp. rough, unpolished), round, well turned, smooth, polished, elegant (in Cic. with quasi or ut ita dicam added; but v. infra, adv. b.):

erat verborum et delectus elegans et apta et quasi rotunda constructio,

Cic. Brut. 78, 272; cf.:

Thucydides praefractior nec satis, ut ita dicam, rotundus,

id. Or. 13, 40:

Graiis dedit ore rotundo Musa loqui,

Hor. A. P. 323;

celeris ac rotunda distributio,

Quint. 3, 4, 16:

rotunda volubilisque sententia,

Gell. 11, 13, 4:

rotundi numeri (with brevis),

id. 17, 20, 4:

verba,

id. 16, 1, 1.—Hence, adv.: rŏtun-dē.

(Acc. to I.) Roundly:

ut in orbem quam rotundissime formetur,

Col. Arb. 5, 2.—

(Acc. to II.) Roundly, smoothly, elegantly:

a te quidem apte ac rotunde,

Cic. Fin. 4, 3, 7.

rŏtundus ( rŭt-), a, um, adj. [rota], wheel-shaped, i. e. round, circular, spherical, rotund (very freq. and class.; cf. teres).

Lit.:

cur ea, quae fuerint juxtim quadrata, procul sint Visa rotunda,

Lucr. 4, 502; cf. Cic. Fin. 2, 12, 36:

stellae globosae et rotundae,

id. Rep. 6, 15, 15:

mundum rotundum esse volunt,

id. N. D. 1, 10, 24.— Comp.:

mundum ita tornavit, ut nihil effici possit rotundius,

Cic. Univ. 6; so,

bacae,

Hor. Epod. 8, 13; cf.:

capita rotundiora... rotundissima,

Cels. 8, 1 fin.:

locus infimus in rotundo,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 69:

togae,

hanging evenly all round, Quint. 11, 3, 139.—

Prov.: diruit, aedificat, mutat quadrata rotundis,

i. e. turns every thing upside down, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 100.—

Trop., round, rounded.

In gen.:

sapiens Fortis et in se ipse totus, teres atque rotundus,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 86:

illa rotunda et undique circumcisa,

Quint. 8, 5, 27.—

In partic., of speech (opp. rough, unpolished), round, well turned, smooth, polished, elegant (in Cic. with quasi or ut ita dicam added; but v. infra, adv. b.):

erat verborum et delectus elegans et apta et quasi rotunda constructio,

Cic. Brut. 78, 272; cf.:

Thucydides praefractior nec satis, ut ita dicam, rotundus,

id. Or. 13, 40:

Graiis dedit ore rotundo Musa loqui,

Hor. A. P. 323;

celeris ac rotunda distributio,

Quint. 3, 4, 16:

rotunda volubilisque sententia,

Gell. 11, 13, 4:

rotundi numeri (with brevis),

id. 17, 20, 4:

verba,

id. 16, 1, 1.—Hence, adv.: rŏtun-dē.

(Acc. to I.) Roundly:

ut in orbem quam rotundissime formetur,

Col. Arb. 5, 2.—

(Acc. to II.) Roundly, smoothly, elegantly:

a te quidem apte ac rotunde,

Cic. Fin. 4, 3, 7.

scătūrĭo, īre ( imperf. scaturribat, App. M. 4, p. 145, 8), v. n. [scateo], to stream, flow, or gush out (not before the Aug. period, and very rare).

Lit.:

scaturiens aqua,

Pall. 1, 33 fin.:

de summo vertice fons scaturribat (i. e. -riebat),

App. M. 4, 6, p. 145, 8:

oleum de terrā,

Ampel. Lib. Mem. 8, § 5.—

Transf., like scateo.

To come forth in great numbers, to swarm, abound:

vermiculi,

Auct. Priap. 4, 6 fin.:

vermes,

Vulg. 2 Macc. 9, 9.—

To be full of, filled with, abound in a thing.

Lit.:

solum, quod fontibus non scaturiat,

Col. 3, 1, 8.—

Trop.: (Curio) totus, ut nunc est, hoc scaturit, he is all possessed with it, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 2: aurae scaturientes sermonis, Prud. steph. 10, 551.

sĕd or sĕt, conj. [cf. Freund, Cic. Mil. p. 8 sq.; old and orig. form sedum, acc. to Charis. p. 87 P., and Mar. Vict. p. 2458 P.; but more prob. an ablative from root of the reflexive pron. so- for suo-, and orig. the same with the insep. prep. 2. sēd; prop., by itself, apart; hence, but, only, etc.; cf. Corss. Ausspr. 1, p. 200 sq.], a particle of limitation, exception, or correction (cf. at and autem init.).

In gen., but, yet:

ipsum regale genus civitatis reliquis simplicibus longe anteponendum: sed ita, quoad statum suum retinet, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 2, 23, 43:

Neoptolemus apud Ennium Philosophari sibi ait necesse esse, sed paucis: nam omnino haud placere,

id. Tusc. 2, 1, 1; cf. id. Rep. 1, 18, 33:

C. Memmius perfectus litteris, sed Graecis,

id. Brut. 70, 247:

nactus es (me otiosum), sed mehercule otiosiorem operā quam animo,

id. Rep. 1, 9, 14:

quae observanda essent, multa constituit (Numa), sed ea sine impensa,

id. ib. 2, 14, 27; cf. id. ib. 1, 31, 47:

miser homo est, qui, etc....sed ille miserior qui, etc.,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 2:

vera dico, sed nequicquam, quoniam non vis credere,

id. Am. 2, 2, 205:

video te testimoniis satis instructum: sed apud me argumenta plus quam testes valent,

Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 59:

(Platonis civitatem) praeclaram illam quidem fortasse, sed a vitā hominum abhorrentem et moribus,

id. ib. 2, 11, 21; cf. id. ib. 1, 40, 63:

sed id ubi jam penes sese habent, ex bonis pessumi sunt,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 37:

nostri casus plus honoris habuerunt quam laboris, etc....Sed si aliter ut dixi accidisset: qui possem queri? etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 4, 7:

istos captivos sinito ambulare, si foris, si intus volent. Sed uti asserventur magnā diligentiā,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 6:

non possum dicere...sed neque his contentus sum,

Cic. Rep. 1, 22, 36: nec sum in ullā re molestus civitatibus;

sed fortasse tibi, qui haec praedicem de me,

id. Att. 5, 21, 7:

non sum tantopere admiratus, sed posteaquam coepit rationem exponere,

id. Rep. 1, 14, 22:

non perfectum illud quidem, sed tolerabile est,

id. ib. 1, 26, 42:

sane bonum rei publicae genus, sed tamen inclinatum et quasi pronum ad perniciosissimum statum,

id. ib. 2, 26, 48:

scio tibi ita placere: sed tamen velim scire, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 30, 46; cf. Plaut. As. 2, 2, 72:

difficile factu est, sed conabor tamen,

Cic. Rep. 1, 43, 66:

in quo defuit fortasse ratio, sed tamen vincit ipsa natura saepe rationem,

id. ib. 2, 33, 57: illa quidem tristis, nec adhuc interrita vultu: Sed regina tamen, sed opaci maxima mundi;

Sed tamen inferni pollens matrona tyranni,

Ov. M. 5, 507 sq.; cf. id. ib. 7, 718:

plerique patriae, sed omnes famā atque fortunis expertes,

Sall. C. 33, 1:

ipsum quidem regem assecutus non est, sed magnam partem agminis oppresserunt,

Liv. 36, 19:

plus aegri ex abitu viri quam ex adventu voluptatis cepi. Sed hoc me beat saltem, quod perduelles vicit,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 15:

apponam urnam jam ego hanc in mediā viā. Sed autem, quid si hanc hinc abstulerit quispiam?

but then, id. Rud. 2, 5, 15 (cf. in the foll. II. A. 2.):

statim Luculli... eum domum suam receperunt. Sed enim hoc non solum ingenii ac litterarum, verum etiam naturae, etc.,

but indeed, Cic. Arch. 3, 5:

progeniem sed enim Trojano a sanguine duci Audierat,

Verg. A. 1, 19; 2, 164; 5, 395;

6, 28 et saep. (cf. also infra, II. A. 2.): sed enimvero, cum detestabilis altera res sit, quid ad deliberationem dubii superesse?

Liv. 45, 19, 14.—Very rarely with non (for nec tamen), introducing a qualification of a previous word:

Academici veteres beatum quidem esse etiam inter hos cruciatus fatentur, sed non ad perfectum,

Sen. Ep. 71, 18.

In partic.

Interrupting the discourse by transition to another subject or by ending the speech.

In a transition to another subject:

tristis sit (servus), si eri sint tristes: hilarus sit, si gaudeant. Set age, responde: jam vos redistis in gratiam?

Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 7; cf. id. ib. 5, 1, 20;

5, 1, 26: non impedio, praesertim quoniam feriati sumus. Sed possumus audire aliquid, an serius venimus?

Cic. Rep. 1, 13, 20:

nunc reliquorum oratorum aetates et gradus persequamur. Curio fuit igitur ejusdem aetatis fere, etc.... Scripsit etiam alia nonnulla, etc.... Sed ecce in manibus vir praestantissimo ingenio... C. Gracchus,

id. Brut. 33, 125; cf.:

sed eccum Amphitruonem, etc.,

Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 22; id. Aul. 2, 1, 55; 3, 5, 62; id. Capt. 5, 3, 20; 5, 4, 8 al.:

sed quid ego cesso?

id. As. 1, 1, 112: sed ista mox;

nunc audiamus Philum, quem, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 13, 20 fin. et saep.—In recurring to a previous subject:

sed ad instituta redeamus,

Cic. Brut. 61, 220:

sed redeamus rursus ad Hortensium,

id. ib. 84, 291:

sed jam ad id, unde degressi sumus, revertamur,

id. ib. 88, 300:

sed perge de Caesare et redde quae restant,

id. ib. 74, 258 et saep.—Hence, after parenthetic clauses, but, now, I say, etc.:

equidem cum audio socrum meam Laeliam (facilius enim mulieres incorruptam antiquitatem conservant, quod multorum sermonis expertes ea tenent semper quae prima didicerunt) sed eam sic audio, ut Plautum mihi aut Naevium videar audire,

Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45:

qui (Pompeius) ut peroravit (nam in eo sane fortis fuit: non est deterritus: dixit omnia, atque interdum etiam silentio, cum auctoritate semper), sed ut peroravit, surrexit Clodius,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 2.—

In breaking off, discontinuing speech:

sed satis verborum est: cura quae jussi atque abi,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 16:

sed, si placet, in hunc diem hactenus,

Cic. Rep. 2, 44, 71:

sed haec hactenus,

id. Off. 1, 39, 140 al.: sed quid ego haec memoro? Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 724 P. (Ann. v. 318 Vahl.):

nec requievit enim, donec Calchante ministro—Sed quid ego haec autem nequicquam ingrata revolvo? Quidve moror?

Verg. A. 2, 101: sed enim, oikonomia (epistulae) si perturbatior est, tibi assignato: te enim sequor, schediazonta, but indeed, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 11; so,

sed enim,

Verg. A. 1, 19.—

After negative clauses, to limit the negative statement, i. e. to indicate either that the assertion does not hold good at all, but something else does instead; or else that it is not exclusively true, but something else holds good in addition, but, on the contrary; and in an ascending signif., but also, but even, but in fact, etc.

In a simple opposition: non cauponantes bellum, sed belligerantes, Ferro, non auro, vitam cernamus utrique, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 201 Vahl.); cf.: haud doctis dictis certantes, sed maledictis...Non ex jure manu consertum sed magi' ferro Rem repetunt, id. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 274 sq. Vahl.):

non ego erus tibi, sed servus sum,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 44:

quae (hominum vestigia) ille (Aristippus) non ex agri consiturā, sed ex doctrinae indiciis interpretabatur,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 29:

nec leges imponit populo, quibus ipse non pareat, sed suam vitam, ut legem, praefert suis civibus,

id. ib. 1, 34, 52;

1, 13, 19: neque hac nos patria lege genuit, ut...sed ut, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 4, 8:

non quod...sed quod, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 18, 30.—With contra:

non liberis servitutem, sed contra servientibus libertatem afferre,

Liv. 4, 18 init. —

Several times repeated: non sibi se soli natum, sed patriae, sed suis,

Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 45 Madv. ad loc.:

quod non naturā exoriatur, sed judicio, sed opinione,

id. Tusc. 3, 34, 82:

sed publicam, sed ob frumentum decretam, sed a publicanis faenore acceptam,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 72, § 169; id. Planc. 10, 24:

non eros nec dominos appellat eos...sed patriae custodes, sed patres et deos,

id. Rep. 1, 41, 64; Tib. 1, 7, 44 sq.: quam tibi non Perseus, verum si quaeris, ademit;

Sed grave Nereïdum numen, sed corniger Hammon, Sed quae visceribus veniebat belua ponti Exsaturanda meis,

Ov. M. 5, 17 sq.:

sed Pompeium, sed Lepidum,

Tac. A. 1, 10; Sen. Const. 13, 4; id. Ben. 1, 1, 6; 1, 7, 3:

non praefectum ab iis, sed Germanicum ducem, sed Tiberium imperatorem violari,

Tac. A. 1, 38 et saep.—

In a climax. [p. 1658]

Non modo (solum, tantum, etc.)...sed or sed etiam (et, quoque), not only, not merely...but, but also, but even, but indeed (sed, standing alone, isolates the ascending idea, while an appended etiam, et, or quoque places it in closer connection with the first statement, and thus permits them to be viewed together):

non modo falsum illud esse, sed hoc verissimum,

Cic. Rep. 2, 44, 71:

quod non modo singulis hominibus, sed potentissimis populis saepe contingit,

id. ib. 5, 8, 11;

3, 10, 17: id ei perpetuā oratione contigit, non modo ut acclamatione, sed ut convitio et maledictis impediretur,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 2:

unius viri consilio non solum ortum novum populum, sed adultum jam et paene puberem,

id. Rep. 2, 11, 21; cf.:

nec vero corpori soli subveniendum est, sed menti atque animo multo magis,

id. Sen. 11, 36:

volo ut in scaenā, sic in foro non eos modo laudari, qui celeri motu utantur, sed eos etiam, quos statarios appellant,

id. Brut. 30, 116; id. Rep. 1, 8, 13:

omnia ejus non facta solum, sed etiam dicta meminisset,

id. ib. 6, 10, 10:

neque solum fictum, sed etiam imperite absurdeque fictum,

id. ib. 2, 15, 28; 1, 3, 4;

1, 34, 51: neque vero se populo solum, sed etiam senatui commisit, neque senatui modo, sed etiam publicis praesidiis et armis, neque his tantum, verum ejus potestati, cui, etc.,

id. Mil. 23, 61:

haec non delata solum, sed paene credita,

id. ib. 24, 64:

nec mihi soli versatur ante oculos, sed etiam posteris erit clara et insignis,

id. Lael. 27, 102:

illum non modo favisse sed et tantam illi pecuniam dedisse honoris mei causā,

id. Att. 11, 9, 2:

omnes civiles dissensiones, neque solum eas, quas audistis, sed et has, quas vosmet ipsi meministis et vidistis,

id. Cat. 3, 10, 24:

multiplicatusque terror non infimis solum, sed primoribus patrum,

Liv. 3, 36, 5:

non responsum solum benigne legatis est, sed Philippi quoque filius Demetrius ad patrem reducendus legatis datus est,

id. 36, 35 fin.:

conciti per haec non modo Cherusci, sed conterminae gentes,

Tac. A. 1, 60; 3, 44:

via non angusta modo, sed plerumque praerupta,

Curt. 3, 4, 12; 5, 1, 20 Mützell ad loc.—

Esp., in passing from the part to the whole, from the particular to the universal (usually followed by omnino, or by omnis, cunctus, totus, universus, etc.):

timebat non ea solum quae timenda erant, sed omnia,

Cic. Mil. 24, 66:

neglegere, quid de se quisque sentiat, non solum arrogantis est, sed etiam omnino dissoluti,

id. Off. 1, 28, 99:

nec sibi tantum, sed universis singulisque consulere,

Sen. Ben. 2, 5, 4:

non consuli modo, sed omnibus civibus enitendum,

Plin. Pan. 2, 1:

non initio tantum, sed continuo totius temporis successu,

Just. 1, 8, 14:

non modo Italiā, sed toto orbe terrarum,

Flor. 1, 16, 3.—Etiam is rarely added:

quotiens non modo ductores nostri, sed universi etiam exercitus ad mortem concurrerunt,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 37, 89; Curt. 5, 1, 24.—

Non modo (solum) non...sed, sed etiam; sed ne... quidem, not only not...but, but even, but indeed, but not even, etc.:

ut non modo a mente non deserar, sed id ipsum doleam, me, etc.,

Cic. Att. 3, 15, 2; id. Rep. 2, 23, 43:

judicetur non verbo, sed re non modo non consul, sed etiam hostis Antonius,

id. Phil. 3, 6, 14:

hoc non modo non laudari, sed ne concedi quidem potest,

id. Mur. 3, 8:

iis non modo non laudi, verum etiam vitio dandum puto,

id. Off. 1, 21, 71:

non modo non oppugnator, sed etiam defensor,

id. Planc. 31, 76:

ego contra ostendo, non modo nihil eorum fecisse Sex. Roscium, sed ne potuisse quidem facere,

id. Rosc. Am. 29, 79.—Also, without the second non in the first clause, and with ne quidem, doubly negative (only when both clauses have the same verb;

v. Zumpt, Gram. § 724 b): quod mihi non modo irasci, sed ne dolere quidem impune licet,

Cic. Att. 11, 24, 1:

ea est ratio instructarum navium, ut non modo plures, sed ne singuli quidem possint accedere,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 51, § 133:

non modo aeternam, sed ne diuturnam quidem gloriam assequi possumus,

id. Rep. 6, 21, 23:

ea sunt demum non ferenda in mendacio, quae non solum facta esse, sed ne fieri quidem potuisse cernimus,

id. ib. 2, 15, 28:

quae non modo amico, sed ne libero quidem digna est,

id. Lael. 24, 89: non modo facere, sed ne cogitare quidem quicquam audebit, id. Off. 2, 19, 77; cf. with vix:

verum haec genera virtutum non solum in moribus nostris, sed vix jam in libris reperiuntur,

id. Cael. 17, 40:

non modo ad expeditiones, sed vix ad quietas stationes viribus sufficiebant,

Liv. 3, 6.—After quisquam with ellipsis of non:

ut non modo praedandi causā quisquam ex agro Romano exiret, sed ultro Fidenates descenderent, etc.,

Liv. 4, 21, 6 (where Weissenb. supplies non in brackets before exiret); cf.:

antiqui non solum erant urbes contenti cingere muris, verum etiam loca aspera et confragosa saxis eligebant,

Hyg. Grom. Limit. p. 197.—

As sed, after non modo, acquires an idea of ascent or climax, from the fact that non modo represents a thing as existing (only not existing alone), and thus includes an affirmation, so, too, after purely affirmative clauses, sed sometimes serves as an ascending adjunct, but, but in fact, but also:

ego te hodie reddam madidum, sed vino, probe,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 37:

odore canibus anum, sed multo, replent,

Phaedr. 4, 17, 19: Dae. Curriculo affer Duas clavas. La. Clavas? Dae. Sed probas:

propera cito,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 5, 19.—In good prose usually joined with etiam (or et):

hic mihi primum meum consilium defuit, sed etiam obfuit,

Cic. Att. 3, 15, 5; cf. id. ib. 4, 16, c, 10;

10, 16, 6: Q. Volusium, certum hominem, sed mirifice etiam abstinentem, misi in Cyprum,

id. ib. 5, 21, 6:

hoc in genere si eum adjuveris, apud ipsum praeclarissime posueris, sed mihi etiam gratissimum feceris,

id. Fam. 13, 64, 2:

ex testamento Tiberii, sed et Liviae Augustae,

Suet. Calig. 16; 20.

sēd = sine, v. sine init. and 2. se.

sēd = se; cf. the letter D.

servĭo, īvi and ii, ītum, 4 ( imperf. servibas, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 50; fut. servibo, id. Men. 5, 9, 42; id. Merc. 3, 2, 3; Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 45:

servibit,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 76; id. Trin. 2, 2, 27), v. n. (once pass., v. I. B. infra) [servus], to be a servant or slave, to serve, be in service (freq. and class.).

Lit.

Absol.: Ha. Quid tu, servusne es, an liber? Ps. Nunc quidem etiam servio, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 16:

nunc qui minus servio, quam si forem serva nata?

id. Rud. 1, 3, 37:

in liberatā terrā liberatores ejus servire,

Liv. 34, 50:

per centum annos,

id. 39, 37, 5:

an addictus, quem lex servire, donec solverit, jubet, servus sit,

Quint. 7, 3, 26:

qui Libertate caret, Serviet aeternum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 41:

servire liberaliter,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 11:

serviet utiliter (captivus),

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 70 et saep.:

servire juste (opp. injuste imperare),

Cic. Rep. 3, 18, 28; id. Phil. 6, 7, 19:

vincti per centum annos servistis,

Liv. 39, 37:

servit vetus hostis Cantaber, serā domitus catenā,

Hor. C. 3, 8, 21.—

With dat. of the person to whom service is rendered, to be enslaved to, to serve:

justum est, tuos tibi servos tuo arbitratu serviat,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 71:

lenoni,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 33:

servitum tibi me abducito, ni fecero,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 105:

venire in eum locum, ubi parendum alteri et serviendum sit,

Cic. Rab. Post. 8, 22; cf.:

sive regi sive optimatibus serviant,

id. Rep. 1, 35, 55:

ut hoc populorum intersit, utrum comi domino an aspero serviant, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 33, 50:

Athenas victas Lacedaemoniis servire pati,

Nep. Alcib. 9, 4:

minata, Servitura suo Capitolia nostra Canopo,

Ov. M. 15, 827.—

With apud:

tam ille apud nos servit, quam ego nunc hic apud te servio,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 62:

filius meus illi apud vos servit captus in Alide,

id. ib. 2, 2, 80:

hoc pacto apud te serviam,

id. Aul. 1, 1, 12:

apud lenonem,

id. Poen. 4, 2, 87:

si quis apud nos servisset, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 182.—

With homogeneous object:

servitutem: qui in servitute est eo jure, quo servus, aut, ut antiqui dixerunt, qui servitutem servit,

Quint. 7, 3, 26:

tu usque a puero servitutem servivisti in Alide,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 12:

quorum majorum nemo servitutem servivit,

Cic. Top. 6, 29; id. Mur. 29, 61:

qui (cives) servitutem servissent,

Liv. 40, 18, 7; 45, 15, 5: neque erile negotium plus curat quam si non servitutem [p. 1683] serviat, Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 2; 3, 1, 150 (not servitute, v. Ritschl ad h. l.).—So with dat. of person:

me servitutem servire huic homini optumo,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 31; id. Aul. 4, 1, 6; id. Rud. 3, 4, 42; cf.:

sed is privatam servitutem servit illi an publicam?

id. Capt. 2, 2, 84 (v. infra, II.):

ego haud diu: ab ineunte adulescentiā tuis servivi servitutem imperiis,

id. Trin. 2, 2, 21; and with apud:

apud hunc servitutem servio,

id. Mil. 2, 1, 17.—

Pass. (perh. only in the foll. passage):

adsuescamus... servis paucioribus serviri,

Sen. Tranq. 9, 3.—

In gen., with dat. of object (a person or thing), to be devoted or subject to; to be of use or service to; to serve for, be fit or useful for; to do a service to, to comply with, gratify, humor, accommodate; to have respect to, to regard or care for; to consult, aim at, to accommodate one's self to, etc. (so esp. freq. in Cic.; cf.:

pareo, appareo, ministro): tibi servio atque audiens sum imperii,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 25; Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, 48:

quoniam sibi (rei publicae) servissem semper, numquam mihi... ut jam mihi servirem, consulerem meis,

id. Planc. 38, 92; cf.:

servire populo,

id. ib. 4, 11; id. Fin. 5, 9, 27 et saep.:

cum is, qui imperat aliis, servit ipse nulli cupiditati,

id. Rep. 1, 34, 52; cf.:

cum homines cupiditatibus iis, quibus ceteri serviunt, imperabunt,

id. Lael. 22, 82:

aetati hujus,

id. Fin. 5, 9, 27:

mori alicujus,

Nep. Them. 1, 3:

semper aut belli aut pacis serviit artibus,

Vell. 1, 13, 3:

amori aliorum flagitiosissime,

Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 8:

auribus alicujus,

Caes. B. C. 2, 27:

bello,

id. B. G. 7, 34:

brevitati,

Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 327:

commodis alicujus,

id. Rep. 1, 4, 8; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8, § 24; id. Inv. 2, 45, 132:

rei publicae commodis,

id. Div. in Caecil. 20, 64; cf.:

compendio suo privato,

Caes. B. C. 3, 32:

constantiae,

Cic. Fam. 5, 16, 5:

dignitati (with consulere rei publicae),

id. Sest. 10, 23:

dolori meo,

id. ib. 6, 14:

existimationi,

id. Verr. 1, 10, 29; id. Att. 5, 11, 5:

famae,

id. ib. 5, 10, 2:

gloriae,

id. Tusc. 5, 3, 9:

gravitati vocum aut suavitati,

id. Or. 54, 182:

vel honori multorum vel periculo (with obedire tempori),

id. Brut. 69, 242:

indulgentiae,

id. Cael. 32, 79:

iracundiae (with parere dolori),

id. Prov. Cons. 1, 2:

laudi et gloriae,

id. Cat. 1, 9, 23:

laudi existimationique,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 2, § 5:

numeris (orationis),

id. Or. 52, 176:

oculis civium,

id. Phil. 8, 10, 29:

pecuniae,

id. Tusc. 5, 3, 9:

personae,

id. Off. 3, 29, 106:

petitioni,

id. Verr. 1, 9, 24:

posteritati,

id. Tusc. 1, 15, 35:

rei familiari,

id. Rosc. Am. 15, 43; cf.

rei,

Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 27:

rumori,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 14; Caes. B. G. 4, 5 fin.:

tempori,

Cic. Sest. 6, 14; id. Tusc. 3, 27, 66; id. Att. 8, 3, 6; 10, 7, 1:

utilitati salutique,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 9, § 27:

valetudini,

id. Fam. 16, 18, 1:

vectigalibus,

id. de Or. 2, 40, 171:

venustati vel maxime,

id. ib. 2, 78, 316;

2, 80, 327: verbis praecedentibus,

Quint. 9, 4, 63.— Pass. impers.:

ut communi utilitati serviatur,

Cic. Off. 1, 10, 31:

concisum est ita, ut non brevitati servitum sit, sed magis venustati,

id. de Or. 2, 80, 327.—

With homogeneous object (cf. supra, I. d):

ab ineunte adulescentiā Tuis servivi servitutem imperiis et praeceptis, pater... Meum animum tibi servitutem servire aequom censui,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 21 sqq.—

Transf., of things.

In gen., to help, assist, be serviceable to, be useful for (post-Aug.):

ut totus truncus alienigenis surculis serviat,

Col. 4, 29, 14; cf.:

tabularia debent servire gallinis,

id. 6, 3, 2:

chartis serviunt calami,

Plin. 16, 36, 64, § 157:

candelae luminibus et funeribus serviunt,

id. 16, 37, 70, § 178:

eademque materia et cibis et probris serviat,

id. 33, 12, 54, § 152:

laetor quod domus aliquando C. Cassi, serviet domino non minori,

Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 8.—

Esp., jurid. t. t., of buildings, lands, etc., to be subject to a servitude:

praedia, quae serviebant,

Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 9; so,

aedes,

id. Off. 3, 16, 67:

neque servire quandam earum aedium partem in mancipi lege dixisset,

id. de Or. 1, 39, 178:

eodem numero (incorporalium) sunt et jura praediorum urbanorum et rusticorum, quae etiam servitutes vocantur,

Gai. Inst. 2, 14 fin.; Paul. Sent. 1, 17; cf. Dig. 8, 2, 20, §§ 3 and 5; 8, 6, 8, § 1 al.; and v. servitus, II. B., and servus, II.