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she+was+standing+in+(the)+shadow

  • 1 sin

    prep.
    without.
    buscan gente sin experiencia previa they are looking for people with no o without previous experience
    sin alcohol alcohol-free
    ha escrito cinco libros sin (contar) las novelas he has written five books, not counting his novels
    está sin hacer it hasn't been done yet
    estamos sin vino we're out of wine
    muchos se quedaron sin casa a lot of people were left homeless, a lot of people lost their homes
    lleva tres noches sin dormir she hasn't slept for three nights
    sin que without
    sin que nadie se enterara without anyone noticing
    sin más (ni más) just like that
    m.
    INS, Immigration and Naturalization Service.
    * * *
    1 (carencia) without
    2 (además de) not counting
    \
    estar sin algo to be out of something
    estar sin + inf not to have been + past participle
    quedarse sin algo to run out of something
    seguir sin to still not
    sin casar unmarried
    sin lo cual otherwise
    sin más ni más without further ado
    sin que + subjuntivo without + - ing
    sin querer accidentally, by mistake
    sin vergüenza shameless
    * * *
    prep.
    * * *
    1. PREP
    1) [seguido de sustantivo, pronombre] without

    ¿puedes abrirla sin llave? — can you open it without a key?

    llevamos diez meses sin noticias — it's been ten months since we've had any news, we've been ten months without news

    parejas jóvenes, sin hijos — young couples with no children

    cerveza sin alcohol — alcohol-free beer, non-alcoholic beer

    • estar sin algo, estuvimos varias horas sin luz — we had no electricity for several hours

    • quedarse sin algo — (=terminarse) to run out of sth; (=perder) to lose sth

    sin papeles — SMF illegal immigrant

    2) (=no incluyendo) not including, excluding

    ese es el precio de la bañera sin los grifos — that is the price of the bath, excluding o not including the taps

    cuesta 550 euros, sin IVA — it costs 550 euros, exclusive of VAT o not including VAT

    3) + infin
    a) [indicando acción]

    nos despedimos, no sin antes recordarles que... — (TV) before saying goodnight we'd like to remind you that...

    no me gusta estar sin hacer nada — I don't like having nothing to do, I don't like doing nothing

    b) [indicando continuidad]

    • llevan mucho tiempo sin hablarse — they haven't spoken to each other for a long time

    • seguir sin, las camas seguían sin hacer — the beds still hadn't been made

    c) [tras sustantivo pasivo]
    4)

    • sin que — + subjun without

    sin que él lo sepa — without him knowing, without his knowing

    2.
    SF (=cerveza sin alcohol) alcohol-free beer
    * * *

    cerveza sin alcohol — non-alcoholic beer, alcohol-free beer

    una pareja sin hijos — a couple with no children, a childless couple

    2)
    a)

    sin + inf — ( con significado activo) without -ing

    b)

    sin + inf — ( con significado pasivo)

    3)

    sin que + subj: no voy a ir sin que me inviten I'm not going if I haven't been invited; quítaselo sin que se dé cuenta — get it off him without his o without him noticing

    * * *
    Ex. Without AACR is doubtful whether computerised cataloguing would have been implemented so relatively painlessly and successfully = Sin las RCAA es dudoso que la catalogación automatizada se hubiera implementado tan fácilmente y con tanto éxito, relativamente hablando.
    ----
    * abogado sin escrúpulos = shyster.
    * acercarse sin ser visto = sidle up to.
    * afable pero sin sinceridad = suave.
    * agua sin gas = still water.
    * andar sin prisa = mosey.
    * arreglárselas sin = live without, get along without.
    * aunque sin ningún resultado = but (all) to no avail.
    * barato pero sin avergonzarse de ello = cheap and cheerful.
    * biblioteca sin muros = library without walls.
    * biblioteca sin paredes = library without walls.
    * bordado sin consido = needlepoint lace.
    * callejón sin salida = blind alley, catch 22, cul-de-sac, dead end, impasse.
    * camino sin rumbo = the road to nowhere.
    * casi sin previo aviso = without much notice.
    * coche sin caballos = horseless carriage automobile, horseless carriage.
    * colocado sin escalón entre pieza y pieza = edge-flush.
    * continuar sin detenerse = go straight ahead.
    * conversación sin trascendencia = small-talk.
    * decir rápidamente sin parar = rattle off.
    * dejar a Alguien sin aliento = leave + Nombre + breathless.
    * dejar sin cambiar = leave + unchanged.
    * dejar sin hacer = leave + undone.
    * dejar sin referente a una referencia anafórica = dangle + anaphoric reference.
    * dejar sin tocar = leave + Nombre + alone.
    * dejar sin trabajo = put + Nombre + out of work.
    * demanda sin variaciones = inelastic demand.
    * demostrar sin lugar a dudas = prove + conclusively.
    * demostrar sin ninguna duda = demonstrate + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond all doubt.
    * demostrar sin ningún género de duda = demonstrate + beyond (all) doubt, demonstrate + emphatically, demonstrate + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond any doubt.
    * desarrollarse sin problemas = go + smoothly.
    * estar sin vivir = be worried sick.
    * evaluación sin intervención del examinador = unobtrusive testing.
    * hablando sin rodeos = crudely put.
    * hablar sin parar = burble on.
    * hablar sin ser entendido = speak in + tongues.
    * hacerlo sin la ayuda de nadie = do + it + on + Posesivo + own.
    * homicidio sin premeditación = manslaughter.
    * ir a un Sitio sin prisa = mosey.
    * lanzarse sin ton ni son = dive + head-first.
    * más largo que un día sin pan = as long as (my/your) arm.
    * medicamento sin receta médica = over the counter medicine.
    * método de la media sin ponderar = unweighted means method.
    * nación sin estado = stateless nation.
    * noche sin poder dormir = sleepless night.
    * no hay dos sin tres = things + come in threes.
    * no miel sin hiel = no pain, no gain.
    * no sin fundamento = not without basis.
    * oficina sin papel = paperless office.
    * papel sin acidez = acid-free paper.
    * pasar desadvertido, pasar sin ser visto = sneak under + the radar.
    * pasar sin = live without, live without.
    * pasar sin ser visto = go + unnoticed.
    * película sin fin = filmloop [film loop/film-loop].
    * permanecer sin cambios = remain + unchanged.
    * permanecer sin especificar = remain + undefined.
    * pero sin conseguirlo = but no dice.
    * pero sin suerte = but no dice.
    * persona sin problemas de vista = sighted person.
    * personas sin hogar = homelessness.
    * personas sin techo = homelessness.
    * político sin escrúpulos = shyster.
    * pozo sin fondo = bottomless pit.
    * pregunta sin respuesta = unanswerable question.
    * publicación sin papel = paperless publishing.
    * quedarse sin aliento = run out of + breath.
    * quedarse sin habla = stun into + speechlessness.
    * quedarse sin negocio = go out of + business.
    * quedarse sin palabras = stun into + speechlessness.
    * rechazar sin más = dismiss + out of hand.
    * referencia anafórica sin referente = dangling anaphoric reference.
    * rima sin sentido = nonsense, nonsense verse.
    * salir sin ser visto = slip out.
    * sin abrir = unopened.
    * sin abrirse = unfolded.
    * sin abrochar = undone.
    * sin acabar = unfinished.
    * sin acentuar = unaccented.
    * sin acontecimientos que destacar = uneventful.
    * sin adornos = unadorned, unvarnished.
    * sin afectar = unaffected.
    * sin afeitar = unshaven.
    * sin afeitar desde hace varios días = stubbly [stubblier -comp., stubbliest -sup.].
    * sin afiliación a un partido político = non-partisan [nonpartisan].
    * sin afiliación religiosa = non-sectarian [nonsectarian].
    * sin agua = waterless.
    * sin aguja = needleless.
    * sin ajustar = unadjusted, loosely hanging, baggy [baggier -comp., baggiest -sup.], saggy [saggier -comp., saggiest -sup.].
    * sin alcohol = alcoholfree.
    * sin aliento = breathlessly, breathless.
    * sin alinear = unjustified.
    * sin alterar = unaltered, unmodified.
    * sin ambigüedad = unambiguous.
    * sin amor = loveless.
    * sin analizar = unexamined, unanalysed.
    * sin ánimo = despondently.
    * sin ánimo de lucro = non-profit [nonprofit], non-profit making, not-for-profit, generously.
    * sin apenas ser oído = as quiet as a mouse.
    * sin apoyo = unsupported.
    * sin apretar = loosely hanging, baggy [baggier -comp., baggiest -sup.], saggy [saggier -comp., saggiest -sup.].
    * sin árboles = treeless.
    * sin arreglo = beyond repair.
    * sin arrepentimiento = no-looking-back.
    * sin asignar = unallocated.
    * sin asignar todavía = unassigned.
    * sin asimilar = undigested.
    * sin atajar = unconfronted.
    * sin atractivo = unattractive.
    * sin atrasos = paid-up, in good standing.
    * sin autorización = unauthorised [unauthorized, -USA], unlicensed.
    * sin avergonzarse = unashamed.
    * sin avisar = unannounced, out of the blue, like a bolt out of the blue, like a bolt from the blue.
    * sin aviso previo = without warning.
    * sin ayuda = unaided, unassisted.
    * sin ayuda de nadie = all by + Reflexivo, by + Reflexivo.
    * sin barba = beardless.
    * sin barnizar = unvarnished.
    * sin base = unsupported, ill-founded.
    * sin blanca = broke, skint.
    * sin blanquear = unbleached.
    * sin blindar = unshielded.
    * sin bombo(s) ni platillo(s) = without much ado.
    * sin brillo = dull, tarnished.
    * sin cabeza = headless, decapitated.
    * sin cables = wireless.
    * sin cafeina = decaffeinated.
    * sin calorías = calorieless.
    * sin cambio = inviolate.
    * sin cambios = monotone, stable, undisturbed, unchanged, unmodified, unaltered, unedited.
    * sin cancelar = uncancelled.
    * sin canjear = unredeemed.
    * sin cansancio = indefatigably.
    * sin capacidad de discernimiento = undiscriminating.
    * sin cara = faceless.
    * sin carácter = boneless, spineless.
    * sin carne = meatless.
    * sin castigo = impunitive, unpunished.
    * sin catalogar = uncatalogued [uncataloged, -USA].
    * sin causa alguna = for no reason, for no specific reason, for no particular reason, for no good reason.
    * sin causa aparente = for no apparent reason, for apparently no reason.
    * sin causa justificada = without justified reason.
    * sin causar daño = harmlessly.
    * sin ceremonias = unceremonious, unceremoniously.
    * sin cerrar con llave = unlocked.
    * sin certeza de cobrar = on spec.
    * sin cesar = steadily.
    * sin clases sociales = classless.
    * sin clavos = studless.
    * sin clemencia = mercilessly.
    * sin cobrar = free of charge, unredeemed, uncollected.
    * sin cohesión = scrappily, scrappy [scrappier -comp., scrappiest -sup.], bitty [bittier -comp., bittiest -sup.].
    * sin cohibiciones = unselfconsciously.
    * sin cola = ecaudate.
    * sin columnas = single-column.
    * sin comentar = unannotated.
    * sin comerlo ni beberlo = without having anything to do with it.
    * sin comérselo ni bebérselo = without having anything to do with it.
    * sin compasión = mercilessly.
    * sin complicaciones = smoothly, boilerplate [boiler plate], uncomplicated, straightforward, uncomplicatedly, hassle-free.
    * sin comprimir = uncompressed.
    * sin comprobar = untested.
    * sin compromiso = without obligation, fancy-free.
    * sin compromisos = with no strings attached.
    * sin concluir = unfinished.
    * sin concretar = to be decided.
    * sin condiciones = unconditionally.
    * sin condiciones especiales = with no strings attached.
    * sin confirmar = unconfirmed, unsubstantiated, unvalidated, to be confirmed.
    * sin conocer = ignorant of.
    * sin conocimiento = unconscious.
    * sin conocimiento de causa = unbeknown to, unbeknownst to.
    * sin conservar información sobre las consultas realizadas anteriormente = stateless.
    * sin conservar información sobre las consultas realizadas anterior = stateless.
    * sin constancia de ello = unrecorded.
    * sin consumir = nonconsumptive.
    * sin contacto = non-contact.
    * sin contaminar = untainted, uncontaminated.
    * sin contar = not including, excluding.
    * sin contar con = in the absence of.
    * sin contenido = contentless, trivial.
    * sin contratiempos = smoothly.
    * sin control = uncontrolled.
    * sin controlar = unsupervised.
    * sin convicción = doubtfully, lamely.
    * sin coordinación = uncoordinated [unco-ordinated].
    * sin corregir = unamended, uncorrected, unrevised.
    * sin correlacionar = uncorrelated.
    * sin corroborar = unsubstantiated.
    * sin cortapisas = untrammelled.
    * sin cortar = uncut.
    * sin coscarse = without batting an eyelid, without turning a hair.
    * sin costas = land-bound [landbound], land-locked [landlocked].
    * sin coste alguno = at no personal cost, at no cost, without cost, costless, without charge, free of charge, free of cost, cost free, for free, at no charge.
    * sin costo adicional alguno = at no extra charge, at no extra cost, at no extra charge.
    * sin costuras = seamless.
    * sin crecimiento = non-growth.
    * sin créditos = non-credit.
    * sin criterio alguno = indiscriminate, indiscriminately.
    * sin cuajar = runny [runnier -comp., runniest -sup.].
    * sin cuantificar = unmeasured.
    * sin cubrir = unfilled.
    * sin cuestionarlo = uncritically.
    * sin cultura = uncultured.
    * sin daños = undamaged.
    * sin dar basto = left, right and centre.
    * sin darle importancia = airily.
    * sin darme cuenta = before I know what's happened.
    * sin darnos cuenta = out of sight.
    * sin darse cuenta = inadvertently, unwittingly, unknowingly, without realising, without noticing, unconsciously.
    * sin debatir = undiscussed.
    * sin decir nada = dumbly.
    * sin decir ni mú = as quiet as a mouse.
    * sin decir ni pío = as quiet as a mouse.
    * sin decir una palabra = without saying a word.
    * sin defecto = untainted, unblemished.
    * sin dejar huella = into thin air.
    * sin dejar nada fuera = the works!.
    * sin dejar rastro = into thin air.
    * sin dejarse amedrentar por = undaunted by.
    * sin dejarse amilanar por = undaunted by.
    * sin dejarse desanimar = undaunted.
    * sin dejarse intimidar por = undaunted by.
    * sin delimitar = unmapped.
    * sin demora = on the spot, straight away, without delay, at short notice, promptly, right away, at once.
    * sin demorarse un (solo) minuto = without a moment wasted, without a wasted moment, without a minute wasted, without a wasted minute.
    * sin demoras = in a timely fashion, in a timely manner.
    * sin desarrollar = undeveloped.
    * sin descansar = without (a) rest.
    * sin descanso = relentlessly, restlessly, breathlessly, unabated, without a break, without (a) rest, day in and day out, without respite.
    * sin descanso, sin un descanso, sin parar, sin descansar, sin interrupción = without a break.
    * sin descubrir = undiscovered.
    * sin descuento = undiscounted.
    * sin desdoblarse = unfolded.
    * sin desearlo = unwantedly.
    * sin desgastar = unworn.
    * sin desperdiciar un (solo) minuto = without a moment wasted, without a wasted moment, without a minute wasted, without a wasted minute.
    * sin determinación de culpabilidad = no-fault.
    * sin determinar = undefined.
    * sin detonar = unexploded.
    * sin deudas = debt free.
    * sin dientes = toothless.
    * sin diferencias = undifferentiated.
    * sin dificultad = without difficulty.
    * sin dificultad alguna = without a hitch.
    * sin diluir = undiluted.
    * sin dinero = impecunious.
    * sin dinero en metálico = cashless.
    * sin discapacidad = able-bodied.
    * sin discapacidades = able-bodied.
    * sin disciplina = undisciplined, ill-disciplined.
    * sin discriminar = indiscriminate, on equal terms.
    * sin discutir = no arguments!, undiscussed.
    * sin disminuir = non-decreasing, unabated.
    * sin disolver = undiluted.
    * sin disponer de = in the absence of.
    * sin división espacial = spatially unstructured.
    * sin doblarse = unfolded.
    * sin documentar = undocumented.
    * sin dolor = painless.
    * sin domicilio fijo = of no fixed abode.
    * sin drenar = undrained.
    * sin duda = doubtless, no doubt, of course, surely, to be sure, undoubtedly, indubitably, without a doubt, without doubt, no mistake, hands down.
    * sin duda alguna = without any doubt.
    * sin dudar = without a doubt.
    * sin dudarlo = without hesitation.
    * sin editar = unedited.
    * sin el menor asomo de duda = without a shadow of a doubt, beyond a shadow of a doubt, beyond a shadow of a doubt.
    * sin embargo = however, nevertheless, still, yet, that being said, all this said.
    * sin emitir humo = smokeless.
    * sin empleo = jobless.
    * sin encuadernar = unbound.
    * sin energía = lethargic.
    * sin engorros = hassle-free.
    * sin entallar = loosely hanging, baggy [baggier -comp., baggiest -sup.], saggy [saggier -comp., saggiest -sup.].
    * sin enterrar = unburied.
    * sin entusiasmo = half-hearted [halfhearted].
    * sin envolver = unwrapped.
    * sin errores = error-free.
    * sin escatimar = without stint, unstintingly.
    * sin escenificar = unproduced.
    * sin escrúpulos = unscrupulous, unconscionable, without scruples, unprincipled.
    * sin escurrir = undrained.
    * sin esfuerzo = effortless, effortlessly.
    * sin esfuerzo alguno = effortlessly.
    * sin especializar = non-specialised.
    * sin especificar = unspecified.
    * sin esperanza = hopeless, dispiritedly, hopelessly.
    * sin esperarlo = out of the blue, like a bolt out of the blue, like a bolt from the blue.
    * sin espinas = boneless.
    * sin estar obstaculizado por = untrammelled by.
    * sin estilo = dowdy [dowdier -comp., dowdiest -sup.].
    * sin estructura = unstructured.
    * sin estudios = ill-educated.
    * sin evaluar = unevaluated.
    * sin examinar = unexamined.
    * sin exceder el presupuesto = budgetable.
    * sin excepción = without exception, without fail.
    * sin excesivo rigor = loosely.
    * sin excusa justificada = unexcused.
    * sin existencias = out-of-stock.
    * sin éxito = unsuccessful.
    * sin experiencia = inexperience, callow [callower -comp., callowest -sup.].
    * sin explicar = unexplained.
    * sin explorar = unexplored.
    * sin explotar = untapped, unexploded.
    * sin extras = no-frills.
    * sin fallar = without fail.
    * sin fallos = flawlessly.
    * sin falta = without fail.
    * sin fecha = undated.
    * sin fechar = undated.
    * sin fianza = without bail.
    * sin fin = never-finishing, never-ending, bottomless, interminably, unending.
    * sin finalidad = purposeless.
    * sin financiación = unfunded.
    * sin fines lucrativos = non-profit [nonprofit], non-profit making.
    * sin firma = unsigned.
    * sin firmar = unsigned.
    * sin fondo = bottomless.
    * sin forma = bodilessly, formless.
    * sin formación = ill-educated.
    * sin formación previa = untrained.
    * sin forrar = uncovered.
    * sin fronteras = borderless.
    * sin fundamento = unwarranted, unsupported, ungrounded, without foundation, without basis.
    * sin fundamento alguno = without any basis.
    * sin ganas = half-heartedly.
    * sin gastos = no cost(s).
    * sin grabar = unengraved.
    * sin gracia = dowdy [dowdier -comp., dowdiest -sup.].
    * sin grasa = nonfat.
    * sin grasas = nonfat, fat free.
    * sin guardar una correlación = uncorrelated.
    * sin haber contacto = non-contact.
    * sin haber pasado por la calandria = uncalendered.
    * sin habla = speechless.
    * sin hacer = undone.
    * sin hacer caso = regardless.
    * sin hacer distinciones = one size fits all.
    * sin hacer ruido = as quiet as a mouse, furtively, softly.
    * sin herrar = unshod.
    * sin hilación = rambling.
    * sin hogar = homeless.
    * sin hueso = boneless.
    * sin humo = smokeless.
    * sin humor = humourless [humorless, -USA].
    * sin humos = smoke-free.
    * sin idea = clueless.
    * sin ideas preconcebidas = open mind.
    * sin identificar = unidentified, unmapped, unnamed.
    * sin igual = unequalled, unexampled, unsurpassed, unique unto itself, unrivalled [unrivaled, -USA], without equal, matchless.
    * sin impedimentos = unimpeded.
    * sin importancia = negligible, unimportant, trifling, immaterial, of no consequence.
    * sin importar = regardless of, independently of, disregarding.
    * sin importar + Adjetivo/Adverbio + que sea = however + Adjetivo/Adverbio.
    * sin importar el tiempo = all-weather.
    * sin importar las consecuencias = regardless of the consequences.
    * sin importar qué = no matter what/which.
    * sin impuestos = duty-free, tax-free.
    * sin impurezas = purified.
    * sin incluir = unlisted, exclusive of, not including, excluding.
    * sin incluir las comidas = self-catering.
    * sin índice = indexless.
    * sin + Infinitivo = without + Gerundio.
    * sin información sobre el estado anterior = stateless.
    * sin inhibiciones = uninhibited.
    * sin inmutarse = undeterred, impassively, without batting an eyelid, without turning a hair.
    * sin intención = involuntarily.
    * sin interés = unexciting, uninteresting, unmoving, vapid.
    * sin interrupción = continuously, without a break, without (a) rest, in an unbroken line.
    * sin interrupciones = in a single phase.
    * sin intervención de un intermediario = disintermediated.
    * sin intervención directa = nonobtrusive.
    * sin investigar = unresearched.
    * sin justificación = unreasonably, unjustified.
    * sin justificación alguna = wantonly.
    * sin justificar = unjustified.
    * sin la amenaza de = unthreatened (by).
    * sin la ayuda de nadie = single-handed, single-handedly.
    * sin la debida autorización = unauthorised [unauthorized, -USA], warrantless.
    * sin la debida consideración = without due consideration.
    * sin la más mínima duda = without the shadow of a doubt, without a shadow of a doubt.
    * sin la más mínima duda = beyond a shadow of a doubt.
    * sin la menor duda = no mistake, no doubt.
    * sin la menor idea = clueless.
    * sin la menor sombra de duda = without a shadow of a doubt.
    * sin la suficiente financiación = underfinanced [under-financed].
    * sin lavar = unwashed.
    * sin leer = unread.
    * sin levadura = unleavened.
    * sin licencia = unlicensed.
    * sin líder = leaderless.
    * sin limitaciones = without stint, without limit.
    * sin límite = without limit, without stint, interminably.
    * sin límite(s) = unbounded, unfettered, unstinting, unstintingly, the sky is the limit.
    * sin litoral = land-bound [landbound], land-locked [landlocked].
    * sin llamar la atención = inconspicuously.
    * sin lógica ni explicación = without rhyme or reason.
    * sin lugar a dudas = conclusively, undeniably, unquestionably, without any doubt, by all accounts, no mistake, no doubt, without a shadow of a doubt, beyond a shadow of a doubt, to be sure.
    * sin lujos = no-frills.
    * sin luna = moonless.
    * sin luz de luna = moonless.
    * sin madera = woodfree.
    * sin madurar = unripened.
    * sin maldad = guileless.
    * sin malicia = guileless.
    * sin mancha = unblemished, untainted, stainless.
    * sin mangas = sleeveless.
    * sin mantenimiento = maintenance-free.
    * sin marcar = unpriced.
    * sin marca registrada = non-proprietary.
    * sin más = out of hand, unceremoniously, unceremonious.
    * sin más dilación = without (any) further ado, without (any) more ado, without warning.
    * sin más ni más = unceremoniously, unceremonious, for the love of it, without much ado.
    * sin más preámbulos = without (any) further ado, without (any) more ado.
    * sin medir = unmeasured.
    * sin mencionar = not to mention, not to say, not to speak of.
    * sin meternos en el hecho de que = to say nothing of.
    * sin mezcla = unmixed.
    * sin mezclar = unmixed.
    * sin miedo = with confidence.
    * sin miramientos = unceremoniously.
    * sin misericordia = ruthlessly.
    * sin modificar = unmodified, unaltered, unedited.
    * sin molestias = hassle-free.
    * sin motivo alguno = wantonly.
    * sin motivo aparente = for no apparent reason, for apparently no reason.
    * sin motivo justificado = without justified reason.
    * sin moverse del sitio = in place.
    * sin movimiento = unmoving, motionless.
    * sin mucha antelación = at short notice.
    * sin mucha anticipación = at short notice.
    * sin mucha dificultad = painlessly.
    * sin muchas contemplaciones = unceremoniously.
    * sin muchos inconvenientes = without much grudging.
    * sin nada de gracia = unfunny.
    * sin nada que destacar = uneventful.
    * sin necesidad de ello = gratuitous, gratuitously.
    * sin necesidad de pensar = thought-free.
    * sin ninguna duda = without question, without any doubt, beyond doubt, beyond any doubt, no mistake, no doubt.
    * sin ningún cosste = without cost.
    * sin ningún coste = without charge, free of charge, at no cost, free of cost, cost free, for free, costless, at no charge.
    * sin ningún esfuerzo = effortlessly.
    * sin ningún esfuerzo mental = thought-free.
    * sin ningún género de duda = without any doubt whatsoever, without any doubt whatsoever.
    * sin ningún género de dudas = indisputably.
    * sin ningún motivo = for no reason, for no specific reason, for no particular reason, for no good reason.
    * sin ningún nivel de especialización = unskilled.
    * sin ningún otro motivo = (just) for the hell of (doing) it.
    * sin ningún remedio posible = beyond redemption.
    * sin ningún reparo = unabashed.
    * sin ningún resultado = to no avail, without any avail, of no avail.
    * sin ningún tipo de restricciones = no holds barred.
    * sin nombrar = unnamed.
    * sin norte = aimless, off course, rudderless.
    * sin notar la diferencia = seamlessly, seamless.
    * sin nubes = unclouded, uncloudy, cloudless.
    * sin numeración = unnumbered.
    * sin numerar = unnumbered.
    * sin obligaciones = at leisure.
    * sin obstáculos = unchecked, unhindered, unimpeded, unobstructed.
    * sin obstáculos de por medio = uncluttered.
    * sin obstrucciones = unobstructed.
    * sin olor = odourless [odorless, -USA].
    * sin olvidar = not to mention.
    * sin operario = unmanned.
    * sin oposición = without opposition, unchallenged, unopposed.
    * sin orden = unordered.
    * sin ordenar = unordered, unsorted.
    * sin orden ni concierto = higgledy-piggledy, without rhyme or reason.
    * sin originalidad = unoriginal.
    * sin palabras = wordless.
    * sin papel = paperless.
    * sin par = unequalled, unexampled, unsurpassed, unique unto itself, unique, without peer, unrivalled [unrivaled, -USA], without equal, matchless.
    * sin paralelo = unparalleled.
    * sin parangón = unparalleled, unequalled, without peer, matchless.
    * sin parar = steadily, non-stop, without a break, without (a) rest, on-the-go, interminably, without respite, without stopping.
    * sin parar a pensárselo = off-hand [offhand].
    * sin pararse a pensar = off-the-cuff, off the top of + Posesivo + head.
    * sin patente = non-proprietary.
    * sin pausa = breathlessly.
    * sin peculio = impecunious.
    * sin peligro alguno = safely.
    * sin pelo = hairless.
    * sin pelos en la lengua = outspokenly.
    * sin pensar = mindlessly.
    * sin pensar (en) = unmindful of, with little or no thought of, without thinking (about).
    * sin pensarlo = spur-of-the-moment, on the spur of the moment.
    * sin pensarlo demasiado = off-the-cuff, off the top of + Posesivo + head.
    * sin pensarlo detenidamente = out of + Posesivo + head.
    * sin pensarlo mucho = off the top of + Posesivo + head, right off the bat.
    * sin pensárselo = spur-of-the-moment, on the spur of the moment.
    * sin pensárselo dos veces = without a second thought, spur-of-the-moment, on the spur of the moment, at the drop of a hat.
    * sin pepitas = seedless.
    * sin percatarse = without realising, without noticing, unconsciously, unknowingly, unwittingly.
    * sin perder de vista = with an eye on.
    * sin perder un (solo) minuto = without a moment wasted, without a wasted moment, without a minute wasted, without a wasted minute.
    * sin pérdida = lossless.
    * sin perjuicio de = notwithstanding.
    * sin perjuicios = open mind.
    * sin permiso = without permission, unlicensed.
    * sin pestañear = impassively, without batting an eyelid, without turning a hair.
    * sin pico = flat-topped.
    * sin piedad = ruthlessly, remorseless, mercilessly.
    * sin piel = skinless.
    * sin pies ni cabeza = without rhyme or reason.
    * sin pistas = clueless.
    * sin planificar = unplanned.
    * sin poblar = unpopulated.
    * sin poder contenerse = helplessly.
    * sin poder dormir = sleepless.
    * sin poder extinguirlo = inextinguishably.
    * sin poder hacer nada = helplessly.
    * sin poner en duda la veracidad de Algo temporalmente = suspension of disbelief.
    * sin poner en escena = unproduced.
    * sin ponerlo en duda = uncritically.
    * sin ponerse en duda = unquestioned.
    * sin precedente = unparalleled, unexampled.
    * sin precedentes = unprecedented, record breaking, record-high, all-time.
    * sin precio = unpriced.
    * sin preguntar = unasked.
    * sin prejuicios = open-minded, fair-minded [fairminded].
    * sin prentesiones = unpretentious.
    * sin preocupaciones = carefree, worry-free.
    * sin preparación técnica = non-technical.
    * sin préstamo = non-circulating [noncirculating].
    * sin prestar atención = mindlessly.
    * sin pretensiones = unassuming, humble [humbler -comp., humblest -sup.].
    * sin previo aviso = unannounced, without warning, without notice, without prior notice, without prior notification, on spec, at the drop of a hat, without (any) further notice.
    * sin principios = unscrupulous, unprincipled.
    * sin prisa(s) = unhurriedly, leisurely.
    * sin problemas = smoothly, smooth [smoother -comp., smoothest -sup.], problem-free, trouble free [trouble-free], without a hitch, unproblematically, carefree, without difficulty, in good standing.
    * sin problemas de vista = sighted.
    * sin procesar = unprocessed.
    * sin propiedades = propertyless.
    * sin propiedad rural = landless.
    * sin protección = unprotected.
    * sin provocación = unprovoked.
    * sin publicar = unpublished.
    * sin pulir = unpolished.
    * sin quejarse = uncomplaining, uncomplainingly.
    * sin quemar = unburned.
    * sin querer = involuntarily, unwilling, by accident, accidentally, unintentionally, unwantedly.
    * sin querer + Infinitivo = unwilling to + Infinitivo.
    * sin quererlo = unwantedly.
    * sin que se entienda = slurred.
    * sin que se note la diferencia = seamlessly.
    * sin rabo = ecaudate.
    * sin razón = wanton, for no reason, for no specific reason, for no particular reason, for no good reason.
    * sin razón alguna = for no reason, for no specific reason, for no particular reason, for no good reason.
    * sin razón aparente = for no apparent reason, for apparently no reason.
    * sin razón justificada = for no reason, for no specific reason, for no good reason.
    * sin razón justificda = for no particular reason.
    * sin recelo = with confidence.
    * sin receta médica = over the counter.
    * sin reclamar = unredeemed.
    * sin recoger = uncollected.
    * sin reconocer = unrecognised [unrecognized, -USA].
    * sin reconocimiento de créditos = non-credit.
    * sin recopilar = uncollected.
    * sin recursos = resource-starved.
    * sin refinar = unrefined.
    * sin reflexionar = rashly.
    * sin registrar = unlisted.
    * sin reglamentar = unregulated.
    * sin regular = unregulated.
    * sin regularizar = unregulated.
    * sin relación = unrelated, unconnected.
    * sin relación con = unrelated to.
    * sin remedio = beyond repair, incurably, incorrigibly.
    * sin remordimientos = no-looking-back.
    * sin reparar = unrepaired.
    * sin reparo = unashamed.
    * sin reparos = unshielded.
    * sin representación = unrepresented.
    * sin reserva = unconditionally, unreserved.
    * sin reservas = unshielded, wholehearted [whole-hearted], go + the whole hog, the full monty, without reservation, wholeheartedly [whole-heartedly], forthright, categorical, uncompromising, uncompromisingly, unqualified, categoric, unmitigaged, unreserved, unreservedly.
    * sin residencia fija = of no fixed abode.
    * sin resistencia = unchallenged, unopposed.
    * sin resistirse = passively.
    * sin resolver = unresolved, unsolved, unsettled, uncleared.
    * sin respiro = without a break, without (a) rest, without respite.
    * sin responder = unanswered.
    * sin restricciones = unrestricted, unlimited, uninhibited, unrestrictive, unfettered, free-flowing, without stint, without limit, no holds barred, unencumbered.
    * sin restricciones de horario = unscheduled.
    * sin retirar = uncleared, uncollected.
    * sin retrasos = in a timely fashion, in a timely manner.
    * sin revelar = undisclosed, unrevealed.
    * sin revestir = uncoated.
    * sin revisar = unrevised.
    * sin riesgo = riskless.
    * sin rodeos = head-on, baldly, bluntly, outspokenly.
    * sin ruido = soundless.
    * sin rumbo = aimless, off course, rudderless.
    * sin saberlo = unbeknown to, unbeknownst to.
    * sin saber qué decir = nonplussed [nonplused].
    * sin sabor = tasteless.
    * sin saldar = uncollected.
    * sin salida al mar = land-bound [landbound], land-locked [landlocked].
    * sin sanción = unsanctioned.
    * sin seleccionar = unselected.
    * sin semillas = seedless.
    * sin sentido = meaningless, purposeless, pointless, senseless, wanton, nonsensical, unconscious.
    * sin sentir ningún reparo = unashamed.
    * sin sentir vergüenza = shamelessly.
    * sin ser afectado = untouched.
    * sin ser anunciado de antemano = unannounced.
    * sin ser consciente de ello = unbeknownst to, unbeknown to.
    * sin ser detectado = undetected.
    * sin ser evaluado por expertos = unrefereed.
    * sin ser necesario = gratuitous, gratuitously.
    * sin ser percibido = out of sight.
    * sin ser superado = unsurpassed.
    * sin ser visto = unseen, undetected, unobserved, out of sight.
    * sin significado = meaningless.
    * sin simplificar = unabridged.
    * * *

    cerveza sin alcohol — non-alcoholic beer, alcohol-free beer

    una pareja sin hijos — a couple with no children, a childless couple

    2)
    a)

    sin + inf — ( con significado activo) without -ing

    b)

    sin + inf — ( con significado pasivo)

    3)

    sin que + subj: no voy a ir sin que me inviten I'm not going if I haven't been invited; quítaselo sin que se dé cuenta — get it off him without his o without him noticing

    * * *

    Ex: Without AACR is doubtful whether computerised cataloguing would have been implemented so relatively painlessly and successfully = Sin las RCAA es dudoso que la catalogación automatizada se hubiera implementado tan fácilmente y con tanto éxito, relativamente hablando.

    * abogado sin escrúpulos = shyster.
    * acercarse sin ser visto = sidle up to.
    * afable pero sin sinceridad = suave.
    * agua sin gas = still water.
    * andar sin prisa = mosey.
    * arreglárselas sin = live without, get along without.
    * aunque sin ningún resultado = but (all) to no avail.
    * barato pero sin avergonzarse de ello = cheap and cheerful.
    * biblioteca sin muros = library without walls.
    * biblioteca sin paredes = library without walls.
    * bordado sin consido = needlepoint lace.
    * callejón sin salida = blind alley, catch 22, cul-de-sac, dead end, impasse.
    * camino sin rumbo = the road to nowhere.
    * casi sin previo aviso = without much notice.
    * coche sin caballos = horseless carriage automobile, horseless carriage.
    * colocado sin escalón entre pieza y pieza = edge-flush.
    * continuar sin detenerse = go straight ahead.
    * conversación sin trascendencia = small-talk.
    * decir rápidamente sin parar = rattle off.
    * dejar a Alguien sin aliento = leave + Nombre + breathless.
    * dejar sin cambiar = leave + unchanged.
    * dejar sin hacer = leave + undone.
    * dejar sin referente a una referencia anafórica = dangle + anaphoric reference.
    * dejar sin tocar = leave + Nombre + alone.
    * dejar sin trabajo = put + Nombre + out of work.
    * demanda sin variaciones = inelastic demand.
    * demostrar sin lugar a dudas = prove + conclusively.
    * demostrar sin ninguna duda = demonstrate + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond all doubt.
    * demostrar sin ningún género de duda = demonstrate + beyond (all) doubt, demonstrate + emphatically, demonstrate + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond any doubt, prove + beyond any doubt.
    * desarrollarse sin problemas = go + smoothly.
    * estar sin vivir = be worried sick.
    * evaluación sin intervención del examinador = unobtrusive testing.
    * hablando sin rodeos = crudely put.
    * hablar sin parar = burble on.
    * hablar sin ser entendido = speak in + tongues.
    * hacerlo sin la ayuda de nadie = do + it + on + Posesivo + own.
    * homicidio sin premeditación = manslaughter.
    * ir a un Sitio sin prisa = mosey.
    * lanzarse sin ton ni son = dive + head-first.
    * más largo que un día sin pan = as long as (my/your) arm.
    * medicamento sin receta médica = over the counter medicine.
    * método de la media sin ponderar = unweighted means method.
    * nación sin estado = stateless nation.
    * noche sin poder dormir = sleepless night.
    * no hay dos sin tres = things + come in threes.
    * no miel sin hiel = no pain, no gain.
    * no sin fundamento = not without basis.
    * oficina sin papel = paperless office.
    * papel sin acidez = acid-free paper.
    * pasar desadvertido, pasar sin ser visto = sneak under + the radar.
    * pasar sin = live without, live without.
    * pasar sin ser visto = go + unnoticed.
    * película sin fin = filmloop [film loop/film-loop].
    * permanecer sin cambios = remain + unchanged.
    * permanecer sin especificar = remain + undefined.
    * pero sin conseguirlo = but no dice.
    * pero sin suerte = but no dice.
    * persona sin problemas de vista = sighted person.
    * personas sin hogar = homelessness.
    * personas sin techo = homelessness.
    * político sin escrúpulos = shyster.
    * pozo sin fondo = bottomless pit.
    * pregunta sin respuesta = unanswerable question.
    * publicación sin papel = paperless publishing.
    * quedarse sin aliento = run out of + breath.
    * quedarse sin habla = stun into + speechlessness.
    * quedarse sin negocio = go out of + business.
    * quedarse sin palabras = stun into + speechlessness.
    * rechazar sin más = dismiss + out of hand.
    * referencia anafórica sin referente = dangling anaphoric reference.
    * rima sin sentido = nonsense, nonsense verse.
    * salir sin ser visto = slip out.
    * sin abrir = unopened.
    * sin abrirse = unfolded.
    * sin abrochar = undone.
    * sin acabar = unfinished.
    * sin acentuar = unaccented.
    * sin acontecimientos que destacar = uneventful.
    * sin adornos = unadorned, unvarnished.
    * sin afectar = unaffected.
    * sin afeitar = unshaven.
    * sin afeitar desde hace varios días = stubbly [stubblier -comp., stubbliest -sup.].
    * sin afiliación a un partido político = non-partisan [nonpartisan].
    * sin afiliación religiosa = non-sectarian [nonsectarian].
    * sin agua = waterless.
    * sin aguja = needleless.
    * sin ajustar = unadjusted, loosely hanging, baggy [baggier -comp., baggiest -sup.], saggy [saggier -comp., saggiest -sup.].
    * sin alcohol = alcoholfree.
    * sin aliento = breathlessly, breathless.
    * sin alinear = unjustified.
    * sin alterar = unaltered, unmodified.
    * sin ambigüedad = unambiguous.
    * sin amor = loveless.
    * sin analizar = unexamined, unanalysed.
    * sin ánimo = despondently.
    * sin ánimo de lucro = non-profit [nonprofit], non-profit making, not-for-profit, generously.
    * sin apenas ser oído = as quiet as a mouse.
    * sin apoyo = unsupported.
    * sin apretar = loosely hanging, baggy [baggier -comp., baggiest -sup.], saggy [saggier -comp., saggiest -sup.].
    * sin árboles = treeless.
    * sin arreglo = beyond repair.
    * sin arrepentimiento = no-looking-back.
    * sin asignar = unallocated.
    * sin asignar todavía = unassigned.
    * sin asimilar = undigested.
    * sin atajar = unconfronted.
    * sin atractivo = unattractive.
    * sin atrasos = paid-up, in good standing.
    * sin autorización = unauthorised [unauthorized, -USA], unlicensed.
    * sin avergonzarse = unashamed.
    * sin avisar = unannounced, out of the blue, like a bolt out of the blue, like a bolt from the blue.
    * sin aviso previo = without warning.
    * sin ayuda = unaided, unassisted.
    * sin ayuda de nadie = all by + Reflexivo, by + Reflexivo.
    * sin barba = beardless.
    * sin barnizar = unvarnished.
    * sin base = unsupported, ill-founded.
    * sin blanca = broke, skint.
    * sin blanquear = unbleached.
    * sin blindar = unshielded.
    * sin bombo(s) ni platillo(s) = without much ado.
    * sin brillo = dull, tarnished.
    * sin cabeza = headless, decapitated.
    * sin cables = wireless.
    * sin cafeina = decaffeinated.
    * sin calorías = calorieless.
    * sin cambio = inviolate.
    * sin cambios = monotone, stable, undisturbed, unchanged, unmodified, unaltered, unedited.
    * sin cancelar = uncancelled.
    * sin canjear = unredeemed.
    * sin cansancio = indefatigably.
    * sin capacidad de discernimiento = undiscriminating.
    * sin cara = faceless.
    * sin carácter = boneless, spineless.
    * sin carne = meatless.
    * sin castigo = impunitive, unpunished.
    * sin catalogar = uncatalogued [uncataloged, -USA].
    * sin causa alguna = for no reason, for no specific reason, for no particular reason, for no good reason.
    * sin causa aparente = for no apparent reason, for apparently no reason.
    * sin causa justificada = without justified reason.
    * sin causar daño = harmlessly.
    * sin ceremonias = unceremonious, unceremoniously.
    * sin cerrar con llave = unlocked.
    * sin certeza de cobrar = on spec.
    * sin cesar = steadily.
    * sin clases sociales = classless.
    * sin clavos = studless.
    * sin clemencia = mercilessly.
    * sin cobrar = free of charge, unredeemed, uncollected.
    * sin cohesión = scrappily, scrappy [scrappier -comp., scrappiest -sup.], bitty [bittier -comp., bittiest -sup.].
    * sin cohibiciones = unselfconsciously.
    * sin cola = ecaudate.
    * sin columnas = single-column.
    * sin comentar = unannotated.
    * sin comerlo ni beberlo = without having anything to do with it.
    * sin comérselo ni bebérselo = without having anything to do with it.
    * sin compasión = mercilessly.
    * sin complicaciones = smoothly, boilerplate [boiler plate], uncomplicated, straightforward, uncomplicatedly, hassle-free.
    * sin comprimir = uncompressed.
    * sin comprobar = untested.
    * sin compromiso = without obligation, fancy-free.
    * sin compromisos = with no strings attached.
    * sin concluir = unfinished.
    * sin concretar = to be decided.
    * sin condiciones = unconditionally.
    * sin condiciones especiales = with no strings attached.
    * sin confirmar = unconfirmed, unsubstantiated, unvalidated, to be confirmed.
    * sin conocer = ignorant of.
    * sin conocimiento = unconscious.
    * sin conocimiento de causa = unbeknown to, unbeknownst to.
    * sin conservar información sobre las consultas realizadas anteriormente = stateless.
    * sin conservar información sobre las consultas realizadas anterior = stateless.
    * sin constancia de ello = unrecorded.
    * sin consumir = nonconsumptive.
    * sin contacto = non-contact.
    * sin contaminar = untainted, uncontaminated.
    * sin contar = not including, excluding.
    * sin contar con = in the absence of.
    * sin contenido = contentless, trivial.
    * sin contratiempos = smoothly.
    * sin control = uncontrolled.
    * sin controlar = unsupervised.
    * sin convicción = doubtfully, lamely.
    * sin coordinación = uncoordinated [unco-ordinated].
    * sin corregir = unamended, uncorrected, unrevised.
    * sin correlacionar = uncorrelated.
    * sin corroborar = unsubstantiated.
    * sin cortapisas = untrammelled.
    * sin cortar = uncut.
    * sin coscarse = without batting an eyelid, without turning a hair.
    * sin costas = land-bound [landbound], land-locked [landlocked].
    * sin coste alguno = at no personal cost, at no cost, without cost, costless, without charge, free of charge, free of cost, cost free, for free, at no charge.
    * sin costo adicional alguno = at no extra charge, at no extra cost, at no extra charge.
    * sin costuras = seamless.
    * sin crecimiento = non-growth.
    * sin créditos = non-credit.
    * sin criterio alguno = indiscriminate, indiscriminately.
    * sin cuajar = runny [runnier -comp., runniest -sup.].
    * sin cuantificar = unmeasured.
    * sin cubrir = unfilled.
    * sin cuestionarlo = uncritically.
    * sin cultura = uncultured.
    * sin daños = undamaged.
    * sin dar basto = left, right and centre.
    * sin darle importancia = airily.
    * sin darme cuenta = before I know what's happened.
    * sin darnos cuenta = out of sight.
    * sin darse cuenta = inadvertently, unwittingly, unknowingly, without realising, without noticing, unconsciously.
    * sin debatir = undiscussed.
    * sin decir nada = dumbly.
    * sin decir ni mú = as quiet as a mouse.
    * sin decir ni pío = as quiet as a mouse.
    * sin decir una palabra = without saying a word.
    * sin defecto = untainted, unblemished.
    * sin dejar huella = into thin air.
    * sin dejar nada fuera = the works!.
    * sin dejar rastro = into thin air.
    * sin dejarse amedrentar por = undaunted by.
    * sin dejarse amilanar por = undaunted by.
    * sin dejarse desanimar = undaunted.
    * sin dejarse intimidar por = undaunted by.
    * sin delimitar = unmapped.
    * sin demora = on the spot, straight away, without delay, at short notice, promptly, right away, at once.
    * sin demorarse un (solo) minuto = without a moment wasted, without a wasted moment, without a minute wasted, without a wasted minute.
    * sin demoras = in a timely fashion, in a timely manner.
    * sin desarrollar = undeveloped.
    * sin descansar = without (a) rest.
    * sin descanso = relentlessly, restlessly, breathlessly, unabated, without a break, without (a) rest, day in and day out, without respite.
    * sin descanso, sin un descanso, sin parar, sin descansar, sin interrupción = without a break.
    * sin descubrir = undiscovered.
    * sin descuento = undiscounted.
    * sin desdoblarse = unfolded.
    * sin desearlo = unwantedly.
    * sin desgastar = unworn.
    * sin desperdiciar un (solo) minuto = without a moment wasted, without a wasted moment, without a minute wasted, without a wasted minute.
    * sin determinación de culpabilidad = no-fault.
    * sin determinar = undefined.
    * sin detonar = unexploded.
    * sin deudas = debt free.
    * sin dientes = toothless.
    * sin diferencias = undifferentiated.
    * sin dificultad = without difficulty.
    * sin dificultad alguna = without a hitch.
    * sin diluir = undiluted.
    * sin dinero = impecunious.
    * sin dinero en metálico = cashless.
    * sin discapacidad = able-bodied.
    * sin discapacidades = able-bodied.
    * sin disciplina = undisciplined, ill-disciplined.
    * sin discriminar = indiscriminate, on equal terms.
    * sin discutir = no arguments!, undiscussed.
    * sin disminuir = non-decreasing, unabated.
    * sin disolver = undiluted.
    * sin disponer de = in the absence of.
    * sin división espacial = spatially unstructured.
    * sin doblarse = unfolded.
    * sin documentar = undocumented.
    * sin dolor = painless.
    * sin domicilio fijo = of no fixed abode.
    * sin drenar = undrained.
    * sin duda = doubtless, no doubt, of course, surely, to be sure, undoubtedly, indubitably, without a doubt, without doubt, no mistake, hands down.
    * sin duda alguna = without any doubt.
    * sin dudar = without a doubt.
    * sin dudarlo = without hesitation.
    * sin editar = unedited.
    * sin el menor asomo de duda = without a shadow of a doubt, beyond a shadow of a doubt, beyond a shadow of a doubt.
    * sin embargo = however, nevertheless, still, yet, that being said, all this said.
    * sin emitir humo = smokeless.
    * sin empleo = jobless.
    * sin encuadernar = unbound.
    * sin energía = lethargic.
    * sin engorros = hassle-free.
    * sin entallar = loosely hanging, baggy [baggier -comp., baggiest -sup.], saggy [saggier -comp., saggiest -sup.].
    * sin enterrar = unburied.
    * sin entusiasmo = half-hearted [halfhearted].
    * sin envolver = unwrapped.
    * sin errores = error-free.
    * sin escatimar = without stint, unstintingly.
    * sin escenificar = unproduced.
    * sin escrúpulos = unscrupulous, unconscionable, without scruples, unprincipled.
    * sin escurrir = undrained.
    * sin esfuerzo = effortless, effortlessly.
    * sin esfuerzo alguno = effortlessly.
    * sin especializar = non-specialised.
    * sin especificar = unspecified.
    * sin esperanza = hopeless, dispiritedly, hopelessly.
    * sin esperarlo = out of the blue, like a bolt out of the blue, like a bolt from the blue.
    * sin espinas = boneless.
    * sin estar obstaculizado por = untrammelled by.
    * sin estilo = dowdy [dowdier -comp., dowdiest -sup.].
    * sin estructura = unstructured.
    * sin estudios = ill-educated.
    * sin evaluar = unevaluated.
    * sin examinar = unexamined.
    * sin exceder el presupuesto = budgetable.
    * sin excepción = without exception, without fail.
    * sin excesivo rigor = loosely.
    * sin excusa justificada = unexcused.
    * sin existencias = out-of-stock.
    * sin éxito = unsuccessful.
    * sin experiencia = inexperience, callow [callower -comp., callowest -sup.].
    * sin explicar = unexplained.
    * sin explorar = unexplored.
    * sin explotar = untapped, unexploded.
    * sin extras = no-frills.
    * sin fallar = without fail.
    * sin fallos = flawlessly.
    * sin falta = without fail.
    * sin fecha = undated.
    * sin fechar = undated.
    * sin fianza = without bail.
    * sin fin = never-finishing, never-ending, bottomless, interminably, unending.
    * sin finalidad = purposeless.
    * sin financiación = unfunded.
    * sin fines lucrativos = non-profit [nonprofit], non-profit making.
    * sin firma = unsigned.
    * sin firmar = unsigned.
    * sin fondo = bottomless.
    * sin forma = bodilessly, formless.
    * sin formación = ill-educated.
    * sin formación previa = untrained.
    * sin forrar = uncovered.
    * sin fronteras = borderless.
    * sin fundamento = unwarranted, unsupported, ungrounded, without foundation, without basis.
    * sin fundamento alguno = without any basis.
    * sin ganas = half-heartedly.
    * sin gastos = no cost(s).
    * sin grabar = unengraved.
    * sin gracia = dowdy [dowdier -comp., dowdiest -sup.].
    * sin grasa = nonfat.
    * sin grasas = nonfat, fat free.
    * sin guardar una correlación = uncorrelated.
    * sin haber contacto = non-contact.
    * sin haber pasado por la calandria = uncalendered.
    * sin habla = speechless.
    * sin hacer = undone.
    * sin hacer caso = regardless.
    * sin hacer distinciones = one size fits all.
    * sin hacer ruido = as quiet as a mouse, furtively, softly.
    * sin herrar = unshod.
    * sin hilación = rambling.
    * sin hogar = homeless.
    * sin hueso = boneless.
    * sin humo = smokeless.
    * sin humor = humourless [humorless, -USA].
    * sin humos = smoke-free.
    * sin idea = clueless.
    * sin ideas preconcebidas = open mind.
    * sin identificar = unidentified, unmapped, unnamed.
    * sin igual = unequalled, unexampled, unsurpassed, unique unto itself, unrivalled [unrivaled, -USA], without equal, matchless.
    * sin impedimentos = unimpeded.
    * sin importancia = negligible, unimportant, trifling, immaterial, of no consequence.
    * sin importar = regardless of, independently of, disregarding.
    * sin importar + Adjetivo/Adverbio + que sea = however + Adjetivo/Adverbio.
    * sin importar el tiempo = all-weather.
    * sin importar las consecuencias = regardless of the consequences.
    * sin importar qué = no matter what/which.
    * sin impuestos = duty-free, tax-free.
    * sin impurezas = purified.
    * sin incluir = unlisted, exclusive of, not including, excluding.
    * sin incluir las comidas = self-catering.
    * sin índice = indexless.
    * sin + Infinitivo = without + Gerundio.
    * sin información sobre el estado anterior = stateless.
    * sin inhibiciones = uninhibited.
    * sin inmutarse = undeterred, impassively, without batting an eyelid, without turning a hair.
    * sin intención = involuntarily.
    * sin interés = unexciting, uninteresting, unmoving, vapid.
    * sin interrupción = continuously, without a break, without (a) rest, in an unbroken line.
    * sin interrupciones = in a single phase.
    * sin intervención de un intermediario = disintermediated.
    * sin intervención directa = nonobtrusive.
    * sin investigar = unresearched.
    * sin justificación = unreasonably, unjustified.
    * sin justificación alguna = wantonly.
    * sin justificar = unjustified.
    * sin la amenaza de = unthreatened (by).
    * sin la ayuda de nadie = single-handed, single-handedly.
    * sin la debida autorización = unauthorised [unauthorized, -USA], warrantless.
    * sin la debida consideración = without due consideration.
    * sin la más mínima duda = without the shadow of a doubt, without a shadow of a doubt.
    * sin la más mínima duda = beyond a shadow of a doubt.
    * sin la menor duda = no mistake, no doubt.
    * sin la menor idea = clueless.
    * sin la menor sombra de duda = without a shadow of a doubt.
    * sin la suficiente financiación = underfinanced [under-financed].
    * sin lavar = unwashed.
    * sin leer = unread.
    * sin levadura = unleavened.
    * sin licencia = unlicensed.
    * sin líder = leaderless.
    * sin limitaciones = without stint, without limit.
    * sin límite = without limit, without stint, interminably.
    * sin límite(s) = unbounded, unfettered, unstinting, unstintingly, the sky is the limit.
    * sin litoral = land-bound [landbound], land-locked [landlocked].
    * sin llamar la atención = inconspicuously.
    * sin lógica ni explicación = without rhyme or reason.
    * sin lugar a dudas = conclusively, undeniably, unquestionably, without any doubt, by all accounts, no mistake, no doubt, without a shadow of a doubt, beyond a shadow of a doubt, to be sure.
    * sin lujos = no-frills.
    * sin luna = moonless.
    * sin luz de luna = moonless.
    * sin madera = woodfree.
    * sin madurar = unripened.
    * sin maldad = guileless.
    * sin malicia = guileless.
    * sin mancha = unblemished, untainted, stainless.
    * sin mangas = sleeveless.
    * sin mantenimiento = maintenance-free.
    * sin marcar = unpriced.
    * sin marca registrada = non-proprietary.
    * sin más = out of hand, unceremoniously, unceremonious.
    * sin más dilación = without (any) further ado, without (any) more ado, without warning.
    * sin más ni más = unceremoniously, unceremonious, for the love of it, without much ado.
    * sin más preámbulos = without (any) further ado, without (any) more ado.
    * sin medir = unmeasured.
    * sin mencionar = not to mention, not to say, not to speak of.
    * sin meternos en el hecho de que = to say nothing of.
    * sin mezcla = unmixed.
    * sin mezclar = unmixed.
    * sin miedo = with confidence.
    * sin miramientos = unceremoniously.
    * sin misericordia = ruthlessly.
    * sin modificar = unmodified, unaltered, unedited.
    * sin molestias = hassle-free.
    * sin motivo alguno = wantonly.
    * sin motivo aparente = for no apparent reason, for apparently no reason.
    * sin motivo justificado = without justified reason.
    * sin moverse del sitio = in place.
    * sin movimiento = unmoving, motionless.
    * sin mucha antelación = at short notice.
    * sin mucha anticipación = at short notice.
    * sin mucha dificultad = painlessly.
    * sin muchas contemplaciones = unceremoniously.
    * sin muchos inconvenientes = without much grudging.
    * sin nada de gracia = unfunny.
    * sin nada que destacar = uneventful.
    * sin necesidad de ello = gratuitous, gratuitously.
    * sin necesidad de pensar = thought-free.
    * sin ninguna duda = without question, without any doubt, beyond doubt, beyond any doubt, no mistake, no doubt.
    * sin ningún cosste = without cost.
    * sin ningún coste = without charge, free of charge, at no cost, free of cost, cost free, for free, costless, at no charge.
    * sin ningún esfuerzo = effortlessly.
    * sin ningún esfuerzo mental = thought-free.
    * sin ningún género de duda = without any doubt whatsoever, without any doubt whatsoever.
    * sin ningún género de dudas = indisputably.
    * sin ningún motivo = for no reason, for no specific reason, for no particular reason, for no good reason.
    * sin ningún nivel de especialización = unskilled.
    * sin ningún otro motivo = (just) for the hell of (doing) it.
    * sin ningún remedio posible = beyond redemption.
    * sin ningún reparo = unabashed.
    * sin ningún resultado = to no avail, without any avail, of no avail.
    * sin ningún tipo de restricciones = no holds barred.
    * sin nombrar = unnamed.
    * sin norte = aimless, off course, rudderless.
    * sin notar la diferencia = seamlessly, seamless.
    * sin nubes = unclouded, uncloudy, cloudless.
    * sin numeración = unnumbered.
    * sin numerar = unnumbered.
    * sin obligaciones = at leisure.
    * sin obstáculos = unchecked, unhindered, unimpeded, unobstructed.
    * sin obstáculos de por medio = uncluttered.
    * sin obstrucciones = unobstructed.
    * sin olor = odourless [odorless, -USA].
    * sin olvidar = not to mention.
    * sin operario = unmanned.
    * sin oposición = without opposition, unchallenged, unopposed.
    * sin orden = unordered.
    * sin ordenar = unordered, unsorted.
    * sin orden ni concierto = higgledy-piggledy, without rhyme or reason.
    * sin originalidad = unoriginal.
    * sin palabras = wordless.
    * sin papel = paperless.
    * sin par = unequalled, unexampled, unsurpassed, unique unto itself, unique, without peer, unrivalled [unrivaled, -USA], without equal, matchless.
    * sin paralelo = unparalleled.
    * sin parangón = unparalleled, unequalled, without peer, matchless.
    * sin parar = steadily, non-stop, without a break, without (a) rest, on-the-go, interminably, without respite, without stopping.
    * sin parar a pensárselo = off-hand [offhand].
    * sin pararse a pensar = off-the-cuff, off the top of + Posesivo + head.
    * sin patente = non-proprietary.
    * sin pausa = breathlessly.
    * sin peculio = impecunious.
    * sin peligro alguno = safely.
    * sin pelo = hairless.
    * sin pelos en la lengua = outspokenly.
    * sin pensar = mindlessly.
    * sin pensar (en) = unmindful of, with little or no thought of, without thinking (about).
    * sin pensarlo = spur-of-the-moment, on the spur of the moment.
    * sin pensarlo demasiado = off-the-cuff, off the top of + Posesivo + head.
    * sin pensarlo detenidamente = out of + Posesivo + head.
    * sin pensarlo mucho = off the top of + Posesivo + head, right off the bat.
    * sin pensárselo = spur-of-the-moment, on the spur of the moment.
    * sin pensárselo dos veces = without a second thought, spur-of-the-moment, on the spur of the moment, at the drop of a hat.
    * sin pepitas = seedless.
    * sin percatarse = without realising, without noticing, unconsciously, unknowingly, unwittingly.
    * sin perder de vista = with an eye on.
    * sin perder un (solo) minuto = without a moment wasted, without a wasted moment, without a minute wasted, without a wasted minute.
    * sin pérdida = lossless.
    * sin perjuicio de = notwithstanding.
    * sin perjuicios = open mind.
    * sin permiso = without permission, unlicensed.
    * sin pestañear = impassively, without batting an eyelid, without turning a hair.
    * sin pico = flat-topped.
    * sin piedad = ruthlessly, remorseless, mercilessly.
    * sin piel = skinless.
    * sin pies ni cabeza = without rhyme or reason.
    * sin pistas = clueless.
    * sin planificar = unplanned.
    * sin poblar = unpopulated.
    * sin poder contenerse = helplessly.
    * sin poder dormir = sleepless.
    * sin poder extinguirlo = inextinguishably.
    * sin poder hacer nada = helplessly.
    * sin poner en duda la veracidad de Algo temporalmente = suspension of disbelief.
    * sin poner en escena = unproduced.
    * sin ponerlo en duda = uncritically.
    * sin ponerse en duda = unquestioned.
    * sin precedente = unparalleled, unexampled.
    * sin precedentes = unprecedented, record breaking, record-high, all-time.
    * sin precio = unpriced.
    * sin preguntar = unasked.
    * sin prejuicios = open-minded, fair-minded [fairminded].
    * sin prentesiones = unpretentious.
    * sin preocupaciones = carefree, worry-free.
    * sin preparación técnica = non-technical.
    * sin préstamo = non-circulating [noncirculating].
    * sin prestar atención = mindlessly.
    * sin pretensiones = unassuming, humble [humbler -comp., humblest -sup.].
    * sin previo aviso = unannounced, without warning, without notice, without prior notice, without prior notification, on spec, at the drop of a hat, without (any) further notice.
    * sin principios = unscrupulous, unprincipled.
    * sin prisa(s) = unhurriedly, leisurely.
    * sin problemas = smoothly, smooth [smoother -comp., smoothest -sup.], problem-free, trouble free [trouble-free], without a hitch, unproblematically, carefree, without difficulty, in good standing.
    * sin problemas de vista = sighted.
    * sin procesar = unprocessed.
    * sin propiedades = propertyless.
    * sin propiedad rural = landless.
    * sin protección = unprotected.
    * sin provocación = unprovoked.
    * sin publicar = unpublished.
    * sin pulir = unpolished.
    * sin quejarse = uncomplaining, uncomplainingly.
    * sin quemar = unburned.
    * sin querer = involuntarily, unwilling, by accident, accidentally, unintentionally, unwantedly.
    * sin querer + Infinitivo = unwilling to + Infinitivo.
    * sin quererlo = unwantedly.
    * sin que se entienda = slurred.
    * sin que se note la diferencia = seamlessly.
    * sin rabo = ecaudate.
    * sin razón = wanton, for no reason, for no specific reason, for no particular reason, for no good reason.
    * sin razón alguna = for no reason, for no specific reason, for no particular reason, for no good reason.
    * sin razón aparente = for no apparent reason, for apparently no reason.
    * sin razón justificada = for no reason, for no specific reason, for no good reason.
    * sin razón justificda = for no particular reason.
    * sin recelo = with confidence.
    * sin receta médica = over the counter.
    * sin reclamar = unredeemed.
    * sin recoger = uncollected.
    * sin reconocer = unrecognised [unrecognized, -USA].
    * sin reconocimiento de créditos = non-credit.
    * sin recopilar = uncollected.
    * sin recursos = resource-starved.
    * sin refinar = unrefined.
    * sin reflexionar = rashly.
    * sin registrar = unlisted.
    * sin reglamentar = unregulated.
    * sin regular = unregulated.
    * sin regularizar = unregulated.
    * sin relación = unrelated, unconnected.
    * sin relación con = unrelated to.
    * sin remedio = beyond repair, incurably, incorrigibly.
    * sin remordimientos = no-looking-back.
    * sin reparar = unrepaired.
    * sin reparo = unashamed.
    * sin reparos = unshielded.
    * sin representación = unrepresented.
    * sin reserva = unconditionally, unreserved.
    * sin reservas = unshielded, wholehearted [whole-hearted], go + the whole hog, the full monty, without reservation, wholeheartedly [whole-heartedly], forthright, categorical, uncompromising, uncompromisingly, unqualified, categoric, unmitigaged, unreserved, unreservedly.
    * sin residencia fija = of no fixed abode.
    * sin resistencia = unchallenged, unopposed.
    * sin resistirse = passively.
    * sin resolver = unresolved, unsolved, unsettled, uncleared.
    * sin respiro = without a break, without (a) rest, without respite.
    * sin responder = unanswered.
    * sin restricciones = unrestricted, unlimited, uninhibited, unrestrictive, unfettered, free-flowing, without stint, without limit, no holds barred, unencumbered.
    * sin restricciones de horario = unscheduled.
    * sin retirar = uncleared, uncollected.
    * sin retrasos = in a timely fashion, in a timely manner.
    * sin revelar = undisclosed, unrevealed.
    * sin revestir = uncoated.
    * sin revisar = unrevised.
    * sin riesgo = riskless.
    * sin rodeos = head-on, baldly, bluntly, outspokenly.
    * sin ruido = soundless.
    * sin rumbo = aimless, off course, rudderless.
    * sin saberlo = unbeknown to, unbeknownst to.
    * sin saber qué decir = nonplussed [nonplused].
    * sin sabor = tasteless.
    * sin saldar = uncollected.
    * sin salida al mar = land-bound [landbound], land-locked [landlocked].
    * sin sanción = unsanctioned.
    * sin seleccionar = unselected.
    * sin semillas = seedless.
    * sin sentido = meaningless, purposeless, pointless, senseless, wanton, nonsensical, unconscious.
    * sin sentir ningún reparo = unashamed.
    * sin sentir vergüenza = shamelessly.
    * sin ser afectado = untouched.
    * sin ser anunciado de antemano = unannounced.
    * sin ser consciente de ello = unbeknownst to, unbeknown to.
    * sin ser detectado = undetected.
    * sin ser evaluado por expertos = unrefereed.
    * sin ser necesario = gratuitous, gratuitously.
    * sin ser percibido = out of sight.
    * sin ser superado = unsurpassed.
    * sin ser visto = unseen, undetected, unobserved, out of sight.
    * sin significado = meaningless.
    * sin simplificar = unabridged.

    * * *
    A without
    lo tomo con leche y sin azúcar I take milk but no sugar
    reserva garantizada sin recargo guaranteed reservation at no extra cost
    seguimos sin noticias we still haven't had any news
    solicite más información sin compromiso send for more details without obligation
    sin previo aviso with no advance warning
    ¡tírate! ¡sin miedo! jump! don't be scared!
    ¿qué harías tú sin mí? what would you do without me?
    agua mineral sin gas still mineral water
    cerveza sin alcohol non-alcoholic beer, alcohol-free beer
    una pareja sin hijos a couple with no children, a childless couple
    un vuelo sin escalas a non-stop o direct flight
    me quedé sin pan I ran out of bread
    se quedó sin trabajo he lost his job
    una persona totalmente sin escrúpulos a completely unscrupulous person
    B
    1 sin + INF (con significado activo) without -ING
    se fue sin pagar she left without paying
    lo mandaron a la cama sin cenar they sent him to bed without any dinner
    somos diez sin contarlos a ellos there are ten of us not counting them
    estuvo una semana entera sin hablarme she didn't speak to me for a whole week, she went a whole week without speaking to me
    sigo sin entender I still don't understand
    la pisé sin querer I accidentally trod on her foot
    2 sin + INF
    (con significado pasivo): una camisa sin planchar an unironed shirt, a shirt that hasn't/hadn't been ironed
    esto está aún sin terminar this still isn't finished
    C sin QUE + SUBJ:
    los días pasan sin que dé señales de vida the days go by and there is still no word from him, the days go by with no word from him o without any word from him
    no voy a ir sin que me inviten I'm not going if I haven't been invited
    quítaselo sin que se dé cuenta get it off him without his o without him noticing
    Compuesto:
    * * *

     

    sin preposición
    1 without;

    seguimos sin noticias we still haven't had any news;
    agua mineral sin gas still mineral water;
    cerveza sin alcohol non-alcoholic beer, alcohol-free beer;
    me quedé sin pan I ran out of bread
    2


    estuvo una semana sin hablarme she didn't speak to me for a week;
    sigo sin entender I still don't understand;
    la pisé sin querer I accidentally trod on her foot


    esto está aún sin terminar it still isn't finished
    3 sin que + subj:

    quítaselo sin que se dé cuenta get it off him without his o without him noticing;
    See Also→ embargo 2
    sin preposición without: se marchó sin ellos, he left without them
    costó mil pesetas, sin contar el IVA, it cost one thousand pesetas, not including VAT
    el edificio estaba sin terminar, the building was unfinished
    entre sin llamar, come in without knocking
    saldré sin que me vea, I'll go out without him seeing
    una bebida sin alcohol, a non-alcoholic drink
    ' sin' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    A
    - abierta
    - abierto
    - absoluta
    - absoluto
    - accidental
    - acéfala
    - acéfalo
    - agotar
    - agotada
    - agotado
    - agreste
    - ahora
    - ahorcarse
    - ajena
    - ajeno
    - alguna
    - alguno
    - aliento
    - alquilar
    - ambages
    - amorfa
    - amorfo
    - aparente
    - asesinar
    - aviso
    - ayunas
    - bagatela
    - baja
    - bajo
    - bañera
    - berrido
    - bien
    - blanca
    - blanco
    - bocado
    - bregar
    - bruta
    - bruto
    - burbuja
    - caldo
    - calle
    - callejón
    - calva
    - camino
    - caprichosa
    - caprichoso
    - causa
    - cazo
    - cero
    English:
    ability
    - accident
    - accidental
    - accidentally
    - accustom
    - ado
    - afraid
    - age
    - agree
    - aimless
    - aimlessly
    - all-time
    - ammunition
    - another
    - antsy
    - anyhow
    - arrogant
    - at
    - attach
    - away
    - AWOL
    - babble
    - backbencher
    - backing
    - bare
    - barge in
    - basic
    - bat
    - bean
    - begin
    - behave
    - beyond
    - blank
    - blind alley
    - blue
    - blunt
    - bluntly
    - blurt out
    - boarding card
    - boarding pass
    - book
    - boorish
    - bootstrap
    - bottomless
    - break
    - breath
    - breathless
    - broke
    - busywork
    - buzz off
    * * *
    SIN nf
    1. (abrev de Servicio de Inteligencia Nacional del Perú) = Peruvian national intelligence department
    2. (abrev de Servicio de Inmigración y Naturalización) INS [US Immigration and Naturalization Service]
    * * *
    prp without;
    sin preguntar without asking;
    sin decir nada without (saying) a word;
    sin paraguas without an umbrella;
    sin que without;
    y sin más and without further ado;
    me lo dijo así, sin más that’s all he said to me, just that
    * * *
    sin prep
    1) : without
    sin querer: unintentionally
    sin refinar: unrefined
    2)
    sin que : without
    lo hicimos sin que él se diera cuenta: we did it without him noticing
    * * *
    sin prep
    1. (en general) without

    Spanish-English dictionary > sin

  • 2 BERA

    * * *
    I)
    (ber; bar, bárum; borinn), v.
    I.
    1) to bear, carry, convey (bar B. biskup í börum suðr í Hvamm);
    bera (farm) af skipi, to unload a ship;
    bera (mat) af borði, to take (the meat) off the table;
    bera e-t á hesti, to carry on horseback;
    2) to wear (bera klæði, vápn, kórónu);
    bera œgishjálm, to inspire fear and awe;
    3) to bear, produce, yield (jörðin berr gras; tré bera aldin, epli);
    4) to bear, give birth to, esp. of sheep and cows;
    kýr hafði borit kálf, had calved;
    absol., ván at hón mundi bera, that the cow would calve;
    the pp. is used of men; hann hafði verit blindr borinn, born blind;
    verða borinn í þenna heim, to be born into this world;
    þann sóma, sem ek em til borinn, born to;
    borinn e-m, frá e-m (rare), born of;
    Nótt var Nörvi borin, was the daughter of N.;
    borinn Sigmundi, son of S.;
    5) bera e-n afli, ofrafli, ofrliði, ofrmagni, ofríki, to bear one down, overcome, oppress, one by odds or superior force;
    bera e-n ráðum, to overrule one;
    bera e-n bjóri, to make drunk with beer;
    verða bráðum borinn, to be taken by surprise;
    borinn verkjum, overcome by pains;
    þess er borin ván, there is no hope, all hope is gone;
    borinn baugum, bribed; cf. bera fé á e-n, to bribe one;
    6) to lear, be capable of bearing (of a ship, horse, vehicle);
    þeir hlóðu bæði skipin sem borð báru, with as much as they could carry;
    fig., to sustain, support (svá mikill mannfjöldi, at landit fekk eigi borit);
    of persons, to bear up against, endure, support (grief, sorrow, etc.);
    absol., bar hann drengiliga, he bore it manfully;
    similarly, bera (harm) af sér, berast vel (illa, lítt) af;
    bar hon sköruliga af sér, she bore up bravely;
    hversu berst Auðr af um bróðurdauðann, how does she bear it?
    hon berst af lítt, she is much cast down;
    bera sik vel upp, to bear well up against;
    7) bera e-t á, e-n á hendr e-m, to charge or tax one with (eigi erum vér þess valdir, er þú berr á oss);
    bera (kvið) á e-n, to give a verdict against, declare guilty (í annat sinn báru þeir á Flosa kviðinn);
    bera af e-m (kviðinn), to give a verdict for;
    bera e-t af sér, to deny having done a thing;
    bera or bera vitni, vætti, to bear witness, testify;
    bera or bera um e-t, to give a verdict in a case;
    bera e-n sannan at sök, to prove guilty by evidence;
    bera e-n undan sök, to acquit;
    bera í sundr frændsemi þeirra, to prove (by evidence) that they are not relations;
    refl. (pass.), berast, to be proved by evidence (þótt þér berist þat faðerni, er þú segir);
    8) to set forth, report, tell;
    bera e-m kveðju (orð, orðsending), to bring one a greeting, compliments (word, message);
    bera or bera fram erindi sín fyrir e-n, to state (tell) one’s errand or to plead one’s case before one;
    bera e-m njósn, to apprise one;
    bera e-t upp, to produce, mention, tell;
    bera upp erindi sín, to state one’s errand;
    bera saman ráð sín, to consult together;
    eyddist það ráð, er þeir báru saman, which they had designed;
    9) to keep, hold, bear, of a title (bera jarlnafn, konnungsnafn);
    bera (eigi) giptu, gæfu, hammingju, auðnu til e-s, (not) to have the good fortune to do a thing (bar hann enga gæfu til at þjóna þér);
    bera vit, skyn, kunnáttu á e-t, to have knowledge of, uniderstanding about;
    bera hug, áræði, þor, traust til e-s, to have courage, confidence to do a thing;
    bera áhyggju fyrir e-u, to be concerned about;
    bera ást, elsku, hatr til e-s, to bear affection, love, hatred to;
    10) to bear off or away, carry off (some gain);
    bera sigr af e-m, af e-u, to carry off the victory from or in;
    hann hafði borit sigr af tveim orustum, he had been victorious in two battles;
    bera hærra (lægra) hlut to get the best (the worst) of it;
    bera efra (hærra) skjöld, to gain the victory;
    bera hátt (lágt) höfuðit, to bear the head high (low), to be in high (low) spirits;
    bera halann bratt, lágt, to cock up or let fall the tail, to be in high or low spirits;
    11) with preps.:
    bera af e-m, to surpass;
    en þó bar Bolli af, surpassed all the rest;
    bera af sér högg, lag to ward off, parry a blow or thrust;
    bera eld at, to set fire to;
    bera fjötur (bönd) at e-m, to put fetters (bonds) on one;
    bera á or í, to smear, anoint (bera vatn í augu sér, bera tjöru í höfuð sér);
    bera e-t til, to apply to, to try if it fits (bera til hvern lykil af öðrum at portinu);
    bera e-t um, to wind round;
    þá bar hann þá festi um sik, made it fast round his body;
    bera um með e-n, to bear with, have patience with;
    bera út barn, to expose a child;
    12) refl., berast mikit (lítit) á, to bear oneself proudly (humbly);
    láta af berast, to die;
    láta fyrir berast e-s staðar, to stay, remain in a place (for shelter);
    berast e-t fyrir, to design a thing (barst hann þat fyrir at sjá aldregi konur);
    at njósna um, hvat hann bærist fyrir, to inquire into what he was about;
    berast vápn á, to attack one another;
    berast at or til, to happen;
    þat barst at (happened) á einhverju sumri;
    ef svá harðliga kann til at berast, if that misfortune does happen;
    berast í móti, to happen, occur;
    hefir þetta vel í móti borizt, it is a happy coincidence;
    berast við, to be prevented;
    ok nú lét almáttugr guð við berast kirkjubrunann, prevented, stopped the burning of the church;
    II. impers., denoting a sort of passive or involuntary motion;
    alla berr at sama brunni, all come to the same well (end);
    bar hann (acc.) þá ofan gegnt Ösuri, he happened to come down just opposite to Ö.;
    esp. of ships and sailors; berr oss (acc.) til Íslands eða annarra landa, we drift to Iceland or other countries;
    þá (acc.) bar suðr í haf, they were carried out southwards;
    Skarpheðin (acc.) bar nú at þeim, S. came suddenly upon them;
    ef hann (acc.) skyldi bera þar at, if he should happen to come there;
    e-n berr yfir, one is borne onwards, of a bird flying, a man riding;
    hann (acc.) bar skjótt yfir, it passed quickly (of a flying meteor);
    2) followed by preps.:
    Gunnar sér, at rauðan kyrtil bar við glugginn, that a red kirtle passed before the window;
    hvergi bar skugga (acc.) á, there was nowhere a shadow;
    e-t berr fram (hátt), is prominent;
    Ólafr konungr stóð í lyptingu ok bar hann (acc.) hátt mjök, stood out conspicuously;
    e-t berr á milli, comes between;
    leiti (acc.) bar á milli, a hill hid the prospect;
    fig. e-m berr e-t á milli, they are at variance about a thing;
    mart (acc.) berr nú fyrir augu mér, many things come now before my eyes;
    veiði (acc.) berr í hendr e-m, game falls to one’s lot;
    e-t berr undan, goes amiss, fails;
    bera saman, to coincide;
    bar nöfn þeirra saman, they had the same name;
    fig., with dat.; bar öllum sögum vel saman, all the stories agreed well together;
    fund várn bar saman, we met;
    3) bera at, til, við, at hendi, til handa, to befall, happen, with dat. of the person;
    svá bar at einn vetr, it happened one winter;
    þó at þetta vandræði (acc.) hafi nú borit oss (dat.) at hendi, has befallen us;
    bar honum svá til, it so befell him;
    þat bar við (it so happened), at Högni kom;
    raun (acc.) berr á, it is proved by fact;
    4) of time, to fall upon;
    ef þing (acc.) berr á hina helgu viku, if the parliament falls in the holy week;
    bera í móti, to coincide, happen exactly at the same time;
    5) denoting cause;
    e-t berr til, causes a thing;
    konungr spurði, hvat til bæri úgleði hans, what was the cause of his grief;
    ætluðu þat þá allir, at þat mundi til bera, that that was the reason;
    berr e-m nauðsyn til e-s, one is obliged to do a thing;
    6) e-t berr undir e-n, falls to a person’s lot;
    hon á arf at taka, þegar er undir hana berr, in her turn;
    e-t berr frá, is surpassing;
    er sagt, at þat (acc.) bæri frá, hvé vel þeir mæltu, it was extraordinary how well they spoke;
    7) e-t berr bráðum, happens of a sudden;
    e-t berr stóru, stórum (stœrrum), it amounts to much (more), it matters a great deal (more), it is of great (greater) importance;
    8) absol. or with an adv., vel, illa, with infin.;
    e-m berr (vel, illa) at gera e-t, it becomes, beseems one (well, ill) to do a thing (berr yðr vel, herra, at sjá sannindi á þessu máli);
    used absol., berr vel, illa, it is beseeming, proper, fit, or unbeseeming, improper, unfit (þat þykkir eigi illa bera, at).
    (að), v. to make bare (hon beraði likam sinn).
    * * *
    1.
    u, f.
    I. [björn], a she-bear, Lat. ursa; the primitive root ‘ber’ remains only in this word (cp. berserkr and berfjall), björn (q. v.) being the masc. in use, Landn. 176, Fas. i. 367, Vkv. 9: in many Icel. local names, Beru-fjörðr, -vík, from Polar bears; fem. names, Bera, Hallbera, etc., Landn.
    II. a shield, poët., the proverb, baugr er á beru sæmstr, to a shield fits best a baugr (q. v.), Lex. Poët., Edda (Gl.); hence names of poems Beru-drápa, Eg.
    2.
    bar, báru, borit, pres. berr,—poët. forms with the suffixed negative; 3rd pers. sing. pres. Indic. berrat, Hm. 10; 3rd pers. sing. pret. barat, Vellekla; 1st pers. sing. barkak, Eb. 62 (in a verse); barkat ek, Hs. 8; 2nd pers. sing. bartattu; 3rd pers. pl. bárut, etc., v. Lex. Poët. [Gr. φέρειν; Lat. ferre; Ulf. bairan; A. S. beran; Germ. gebären; Engl. bear; Swed. bära; Dan. bære].
    A. Lat. ferre, portare:
    I. prop. with a sense of motion, to bear, carry, by means of the body, of animals, of vehicles, etc., with acc., Egil tók mjöðdrekku eina mikla, ok bar undir hendi sér, Eg. 237; bar hann heim hrís, Rm. 9; konungr lét bera inn kistur tvær, báru tveir menn hverja, Eg. 310; bera farm af skipi, to unload a ship, Ld. 32; bera (farm) á skip, to load a ship, Nj. 182; tóku alla ösku ok báru á á ( amnem) út, 623, 36; ok bar þat ( carried it) í kerald, 43, K. Þ. K. 92; b. mat á borð, í stofu, to put the meat on table, in the oven; b. mat af borði, to take it off table, Eb. 36, 266, Nj. 75, Fms. ix. 219, etc.
    2. Lat. gestare, ferre, denoting to wear clothes, to carry weapons; skikkja dýr er konungr hafði borit, Eg. 318; b. kórónu, to wear the crown, Fms. x. 16; atgeir, Nj. 119; vápn, 209: metaph., b. ægishjálm, to inspire fear and awe; b. merki, to carry the flag in a battle, Nj. 274, Orkn. 28, 30, 38, Fms. v. 64, vi. 413; bera fram merki, to advance, move in a battle, vi. 406.
    3. b. e-t á hesti (áburðr), to carry on horseback; Auðunn bar mat á hesti, Grett. 107; ok bar hrís á hesti, 76 new Ed.; þeir báru á sjau hestum, 98 new Ed.
    II. without a sense of motion:
    1. to give birth to; [the root of barn, bairn; byrja, incipere; burðr, partus; and burr, filius: cp. Lat. parĕre; also Gr. φέρειν, Lat. ferre, of child-bearing.] In Icel. prose, old as well as mod., ‘ala’ and ‘fæða’ are used of women; but ‘bera,’ of cows and sheep; hence sauðburðr, casting of lambs, kýrburðr; a cow is snembær, siðbær, Jólabær, calves early, late, at Yule time, etc.; var ekki ván at hon ( the cow) mundi b. fyr en um várit, Bs. i. 193, 194; kýr hafði borit kálf, Bjarn. 32; bar hvárrtveggi sauðrinn sinn burð, Stj. 178: the participle borinn is used of men in a great many compds in a general sense, aptrborinn, árborinn, endrborinn, frjálsborinn, goðborinn, höldborinn, hersborinn, konungborinn, óðalborinn, samborinn, sundrborinn, velborinn, úborinn, þrælborinn, etc.; also out of compds, mun ek eigi upp gefa þann sóma, sem ek em til borinn, … entitled to by inheritance, Ld. 102; hann hafði blindr verit borinn, born blind, Nj. 152, Hdl. 34, 42, Vsp. 2: esp. borinn e-m, born of one, Rm. 39, Hdl. 12, 23, 27, Hðm. 2, Gs. 9, Vþm. 25, Stor. 16, Vkv. 15; borinn frá e-m, Hdl. 24: the other tenses are in theol. Prose used of Christ, hans blezaða son er virðist at láta berast hingað í heim af sinni blezaðri móður, Fms. i. 281; otherwise only in poetry, eina dóttur (acc.) berr álfröðull (viz. the sun, regarded as the mother), Vþm. 47; hann Gjálp um bar, hann Greip um bar …, Hdl. 36: borit (sup.), Hkv. 1. 1.
    β. of trees, flowers; b. ávöxt, blóm …, to bear fruit, flower … (freq.); bar aldinviðrinn tvennan blóma, Fms. ix. 265; cp. the phrase, bera sitt barr, v. barr.
    2. denoting to load, with acc. of the person and dat. of the thing:
    α. in prop. sense; hann hafði borit sik mjök vápnum, he had loaded himself with arms, i. e. wore heavy armour, Sturl. iii. 250.
    β. but mostly in a metaph. sense; b. e-n ofrafli, ofrmagni, ofrliði, ofríki, magni, to bear one down, to overcome, oppress one, by odds or superior force, Grág. i. 101, ii. 195, Nj. 80, Hkr. ii. 371, Gþl. 474, Stj. 512, Fms. iii. 175 (in the last passage a dat. pers. badly); b. e-n ráðum, to overrule one, Nj. 198, Ld. 296; b. e-n málum, to bearhim down (wrongfully) in a lawsuit, Nj. 151; b. e-n bjóri, to make drunk, Vkv. 26: medic., borinn verkjum, sótt, Bjarn. 68, Og. 5; bölvi, Gg. 2: borne down, feeling heavy pains; þess er borin ván, no hope, all hope is gone, Ld. 250; borinn sök, charged with a cause, Fms. v. 324, H. E. i. 561; bráðum borinn, to be taken by surprise, Fms. iv. 111; b. fé, gull á e-n, to bring one a fee, gold, i. e. to bribe one, Nj. 62; borinn baugum, bribed, Alvm. 5; always in a bad sense, cp. the law phrase, b. fé í dóm, to bribe a court, Grág., Nj. 240.
    3. to bear, support, sustain, Lat. sustinere, lolerare, ferre:
    α. properly, of a ship, horse, vehicle, to bear, be capable of bearing; þeir hlóðu bæði skipin sem borð báru, all that they could carry, Eb. 302;—a ship ‘berr’ ( carries) such and such a weight; but ‘tekr’ ( takes) denotes a measure of fluids.
    β. metaph. to sustain, support; dreif þannig svá mikill mannfjöldi at landit fékk eigi borit, Hkr. i. 56; but metaph. to bear up against, endure, support grief, sorrow, etc., sýndist öllum at Guð hefði nær ætlað hvat hann mundi b. mega, Bs. i. 139; biðr hann friðar ok þykist ekki mega b. reiði hans, Fms. iii. 80: the phrase, b. harm sinn í hljóði, to suffer silently; b. svívirðing, x. 333: absol., þótti honum mikit víg Kjartans, en þó bar hann drengilega, he bore it manfully, Ld. 226; er þat úvizka, at b. eigi slíkt, not to bear or put up with, Glúm. 327; b. harm, to grieve, Fms. xi. 425: in the phrases, b. sik, b. af sér, berask, berask vel (illa, lítt), to bear oneself, to bear up against misfortune; Guðrúnu þótti mikit fráfall Þorkels, en þó bar hon sköruliga af sér, she bore her bravely up, Ld. 326–328; lézt hafa spurt at ekkjan bæri vel af sér harmana, Eb. 88; berask af; hversu bersk Auðr af um bróðurdauðann? (how does she bear it?); hón bersk af lítt ( she is much borne down) ok þykir mikit, Gísl. 24; niun oss vandara gört en öðrum at vér berim oss vel (Lat. fortiter ferre), Nj. 197; engi maðr hefði þar jamvel borit sik, none bad borne himself so boldly, Sturl. iii. 132; b. sik vel upp, to bear well up against, bear a stout heart, Hrafn. 17; b. sik beiskliga ( sorely), Stj. 143; b. sik lítt, to be downcast, Fms. ii. 61; b. sik at göra e-t, to do one’s best, try a thing.
    III. in law terms or modes of procedure:
    1. bera járn, the ordeal of bearing hot iron in the hand, cp. járnburðr, skírsla. This custom was introduced into Scandinavia together with Christianity from Germany and England, and superseded the old heathen ordeals ‘hólmganga,’ and ‘ganga undir jarðarmen,’ v. this word. In Norway, during the civil wars, it was esp. used in proof of paternity of the various pretenders to the crown, Fms. vii. 164, 200, ix. Hák. S. ch. 14, 41–45, viii. (Sverr. S.) ch. 150, xi. (Jómsv. S.) ch. 11, Grett. ch. 41, cp. N. G. L. i. 145, 389. Trial by ordeal was abolished in Norway A. D. 1247. In Icel. It was very rarely mentioned, vide however Lv. ch. 23 (paternity), twice or thrice in the Sturl. i. 56, 65, 147, and Grág. i. 341, 361; it seems to have been very seldom used there, (the passage in Grett. S. l. c. refers to Norway.)
    2. bera út (hence útburðr, q. v.), to expose children; on this heathen custom, vide Grimm R. A. In heathen Icel., as in other parts of heathen Scandinavia, it was a lawful act, but seldom exercised; the chief passages on record are, Gunnl. S. ch. 3 (ok þat var þá siðvandi nokkurr, er land var allt alheiðit, at þeir menn er félitlir vórn, en stóð ómegð mjök til handa létu út bera börn sín, ok þótti þó illa gört ávalt), Fs. Vd. ch. 37, Harð. S. ch. 8, Rd. ch. 7, Landn. v. ch. 6, Finnb. ch. 2, Þorst. Uxaf. ch. 4, Hervar. S. ch. 4, Fas. i. 547 (a romance); cp. Jómsv. S. ch. 1. On the introduction of Christianity into Icel. A. D. 1000, it was resolved that, in regard to eating of horse-flesh and exposure of children, the old laws should remain in force, Íb. ch. 9; as Grimm remarks, the exposure must take place immediately after birth, before the child had tasted food of any kind whatever, and before it was besprinkled with water (ausa vatni) or shown to the father, who had to fix its name; exposure, after any of these acts, was murder, cp. the story of Liafburga told by Grimm R. A.); v. Also a Latin essay at the end of the Gunnl. S. (Ed. 1775). The Christian Jus Eccl. put an end to this heathen barbarism by stating at its very beginning, ala skal barn hvert er borit verðr, i. e. all children, if not of monstrous shape, shall be brought up, N. G. L. i. 339, 363.
    β. b. út (now more usual, hefja út, Am. 100), to carry out for burial; vera erfðr ok tit borinn, Odd. 20; var hann heygðr, ok út borinn at fornum sið, Fb. i. 123; b. á bál, to place (the body and treasures) upon the pile, the mode of burying in the old heathen time, Fas. i. 487 (in a verse); var hon borin á bálit ok slegit í eldi, Edda 38.
    B. Various and metaph. cases.
    I. denoting motion:
    1. ‘bera’ is in the Grág. the standing law term for delivery of a verdict by a jury (búar), either ‘bera’ absol. or adding kvið ( verdict); bera á e-n, or b. kvið á e-n, to give a verdict against, declare guilty; bera af e-m, or b. af e-m kviðinn, to give a verdict for; or generally, bera, or b. um e-t, to give a verdict in a case; bera, or b. vitni, vætti, also simply means to testify, to witness, Nj. 111, cp. kviðburðr ( delivering of verdict), vitnisburðr ( bearing witness), Grág. ii. 28; eigi eigu búar ( jurors) enn at b. um þat hvat lög eru á landi hér, the jurors have not to give verdict in (to decide) what is law in the country, cp. the Engl. maxim, that jurors have only to decide the question of evidence, not of law, Grág. (Kb.) ch. 85; eigi eru búar skildir at b. um hvatvetna; um engi mál eigu þeir at skilja, þau er erlendis ( abroad) hafa görzt, id.; the form in delivering the verdict—höfum vér ( the jurors), orðit á eitt sáttir, berum á kviðburðinn, berum hann sannan at sökinni, Nj. 238, Grág. i. 49, 22, 138, etc.; í annat sinn báru þeir á Flosa kviðinn, id.; b. annattveggja af eðr á; b. undan, to discharge, Nj. 135; b. kvið í hag ( for), Grág. i. 55; b. lýsingar vætti, Nj. 87; b. vitni ok vætti, 28, 43, 44; b. ljúgvitni, to bear false witness, Grág. i. 28; b. orð, to bear witness to a speech, 43; bera frændsemi sundr, to prove that they are not relations, N. G. L. i. 147: reflex., berask ór vætti, to prove that oneself is wrongly summoned to bear witness or to give a verdict, 44: berask in a pass. sense, to be proved by evidence, ef vanefni b. þess manns er á hönd var lýst, Grág. i. 257; nema jafnmæli berisk, 229; þótt þér berisk þat faðerni er þú segir, Fms. vii. 164; hann kvaðst ætla, at honum mundi berask, that he would be able to get evidence for, Fs. 46.
    β. gener. and not as a law term; b. á, b. á hendr, to charge; b. e-n undan, to discharge, Fs. 95; eigi erum vér þessa valdir er þú berr á oss, Nj. 238, Ld. 206, Fms. iv. 380, xi. 251, Th. 78; b. e-m á brýnn, to throw in one’s face, to accuse, Greg. 51; b. af sér, to deny; eigi mun ek af mér b., at… ( non diffitebor), Nj. 271; b. e-m gott vitni, to give one a good…, 11; b. e-m vel (illa) söguna, to bear favourable (unfavourable) witness of one, 271.
    2. to bear by word of mouth, report, tell, Lat. referre; either absol. or adding kveðju, orð, orðsending, eyrindi, boð, sögu, njósn, frétt…, or by adding a prep., b. fram, frá, upp, fyrir; b. kveðju, to bring a greeting, compliment, Eg. 127; b. erindi (sín) fyrir e-n, to plead one’s case before one, or to tell one’s errand, 472, 473; b. njósn, to apprise, Nj. 131; b. fram, to deliver (a speech), talaði jungherra Magnús hit fyrsta erindi (M. made his first speech in public), ok fanst mönnum mikit um hversu úbernsliga fram var borit, Fms. x. 53; (in mod. usage, b. fram denotes gramm. to pronounce, hence ‘framburðr,’ pronunciation); mun ek þat nú fram b., I shall now tell, produce it, Ld. 256, Eg. 37; b. frá, to attest, relate with emphasis; má þat frá b., Dropl. 21; b. upp, to produce, mention, tell, þótt slík lygi sé upp borin fyrir hann, though such a lie be told him, Eg. 59; þær (viz. charges) urðu engar upp bornar ( produced) við Rút, Nj. 11; berr Sigtryggr þegar upp erindi sín (cp. Germ. ojfenbaren), 271, Ld. 256; b. upp gátu, to give (propound) a riddle, Stj. 411, Fas. i. 464; b. fyrir, to plead as an excuse; b. saman ráð sín, or the like, to consult, Nj. 91; eyddist þat ráð, er þeir báru saman, which they had designed, Post. 656 A. ii; b. til skripta, to confess (eccl.), of auricular confession, Hom. 124, 655 xx.
    II. in a metaphorical or circumlocutory sense, and without any sense of motion, to keep, hold, bear, of a title; b. nafn, to bear a name, esp. as honour or distinction; tignar nafn, haulds nafn, jarls nafn, lends manns nafn, konungs nafn, bónda nafn, Fms. i. 17, vi. 278, xi. 44, Gþl. 106: in a more metaph. sense, denoting endowments, luck, disposition, or the like, b. (ekki) gæfu, hamingju, auðnu til e-s, to enjoy (enjoy not) good or bad luck, etc.; at Þórólfr mundi eigi allsendis gæfu til b. um vináttu við Harald, Eg. 75, 112, 473, Fms. iv. 164, i. 218; úhamingju, 219; b. vit, skyn, kunnáttu á (yfir) e-t, to bring wit, knowledge, etc., to bear upon a thing, xi. 438, Band. 7; hence vel (illa) viti borinn, well (ill) endowed with wit, Eg. 51; vel hyggjandi borinn, well endowed with reason, Grág. ii; b. hug, traust, áræði, þor, til e-s, to have courage, confidence … to do a thing, Gullþ. 47, Fms. ix. 220, Band. 7; b. áhyggju, önn fyrir, to care, be concerned about, Fms. x. 318; b. ást, elsku til e-s, to bear affection, love to one; b. hatr, to hate: b. svört augu, to have dark eyes, poët., Korm. (in a verse); b. snart hjarta, Hom. 5; vant er þat af sjá hvar hvergi berr hjarta sitt, where he keeps his heart, Orkn. 474; b. gott hjarta, to bear a proud heart, Lex. Poët., etc. etc.; b. skyndi at um e-t, to make speed with a thing, Lat. festinare, Fms. viii. 57.
    2. with some sense of motion, to bear off or away, carry off, gain, in such phrases as, b. sigr af e-m, af e-u, to carry off the victory from or in …; hann hafði borit sigr af tveim orrustum, er frægstar hafa verit, he had borne off the victory in two battles, Fms. xi. 186; bera banaorð af e-m, to slay one in a fight, to be the victor; Þorr berr banaorð af Miðgarðsormi, Edda 42, Fms. x. 400: it seems properly to mean, to bear off the fame of having killed a man; verðat svá rík sköp, at Regin skyli mitt banorð bera, Fm. 39; b. hærra, lægra hlut, ‘to bear off the higher or the lower lot,’ i. e. to get the best or the worst of it, or the metaphor is taken from a sortilege, Fms. ii. 268, i. 59, vi. 412; b. efra, hærra skjöld, to carry the highest shield, to get the victory, x. 394, Lex. Poët.; b. hátt (lágt) höfuðit, to bear the head high (low), i. e. to be in high or low spirits, Nj. 91; but also, b. halann bratt (lágt), to cock up or let fall the tail (metaph. from cattle), to be in an exultant or low mood: sundry phrases, as, b. bein, to rest the bones, be buried; far þú til Íslands, þar mun þér auðið verða beinin at b., Grett. 91 A; en þó hygg ek at þú munir hér b. beinin í Norðrálfunni, Orkn. 142; b. fyrir borð, to throw overboard, metaph. to oppress; verðr Þórhalli nú fyrir borð borinn, Th. was defied, set at naught, Fær. 234; b. brjóst fyrir e-m, to be the breast-shield, protection of one, Fms. vii. 263: also, b. hönd fyrir höfuð sér, metaph. to put one’s hand before one’s head, i. e. to defend oneself; b. ægishjálm yfir e-m, to keep one in awe and submission, Fm. 16, vide A. I. 2.
    III. connected with prepp., b. af, and (rarely) yfir (cp. afburðr, yfirburðr), to excel, surpass; eigi sá hvárttveggja féit er af öðrum berr, who gets the best of it, Nj. 15; en þó bar Bolli af, B. surpassed all the rest, Ld. 330; þat mannval bar eigi minnr af öðrum mönnum um fríðleik, afi ok fræknleik, en Ormrinn Langi af öðrum skipum, Fms. ii. 252; at hinn útlendi skal yfir b. ( outdo) þann sem Enskir kalla meistara, xi. 431: b. til, to apply, try if it fits; en er þeir báru til (viz. shoes to the hoof of a horse), þá var sem hæfði hestinum, ix. 55; bera til hvern lykil at öðrum at portinu, Thom. 141; b. e-t við, to try it on (hence viðburðr, experiment, effort): b. um, to wind round, as a cable round a pole or the like, Nj. 115; þá bar hann þá festi um sik, made it fast round his body, Fms. ix. 219; ‘b. e-t undir e-n’ is to consult one, ellipt., b. undir dóm e-s; ‘b. e-t fyrir’ is to feign, use as excuse: b. á, í, to smear, anoint; b. vatn í augu sér, Rb. 354; b. tjöru í höfuð sér, Nj. 181, Hom. 70, 73, cp. áburðr; b. gull, silfr, á, to ornament with gold or silver, Ld. 114, Finnb. 258: is now also used = to dung, b. á völl; b. vápn á e-n, to attack one with sharp weapons, Eg. 583, Fms. xi. 334: b. eld at, to set fire to, Nj. 122; b. fjötur (bönd) at e-m, to put fetters (bonds) on one, Fms. x. 172, Hm. 150: metaph. reflex., bönd berask at e-m, a law term, the evidence bears against one; b. af sér, to parry off; Gyrðr berr af sér lagit, G. parries the thrust off, Fms. x. 421; cp. A. II. 3. β.
    IV. reflex., berask mikit á (cp. áburðr), to bear oneself proudly, or b. lítið á, to bear oneself humbly; hann var hinn kátasti ok barst á mikit, Fms. ii. 68, viii. 219, Eb. 258; b. lítið á, Clem. 35; láta af berask, to die; Óttarr vill skipa til um fjárfar sitt áðr hann láti af b., Fms. ii. 12: berask fyrir, to abide in a place as an asylum, seek shelter; hér munu vit láta fyrir b., Fas. iii. 471; berask e-t fyrir, to design a thing, be busy about, barsk hann þat fyrir at sjá aldregi konur, Greg. 53; at njósna um hvat hann bærist fyrir, to inquire into what he was about, Fms. iv. 184, Vígl. 19.
    β. recipr. in the phrase, berask banaspjót eptir, to seek for one another’s life, Glúm. 354: b. vápn á, of a mutual attack with sharp weapons, Fms. viii. 53.
    γ. pass., sár berask á e-n, of one in the heat of battle beginning to get wounds and give way, Nj.:—berask við, to be prevented, not to do; ok nú lét Almáttugr Guð við berast kirkjubrunnann, stopped, prevented the burning of the church, Fms. v. 144; en mér þætti gott ef við bærist, svá at hón kæmi eigi til þín, vi. 210, vii. 219; ok var þá búit at hann mundi þegar láta hamarinn skjanna honum, en hann lét þat við berask, he bethought himself and did not, Edda 35; því at mönnum þótti sem þannig mundi helzt úhæfa við berask, that mischief would thus be best prevented, Sturl. ii. 6, iii. 80.
    C. IMPERS.:—with a sort of passive sense, both in a loc. and temp. sense, and gener. denotes an involuntary, passive motion, happening suddenly or by chance:
    I. with acc. it bears or carries one to a place, i. e. one happens to come; the proverb, alla (acc.) berr at sama brunni, all come to the same well (end), Lat. omnes una manet nox; bar hann þá ofan gegnt Özuri, he happened to come in his course just opposite to Ö., Lat. delatus est, Dropl. 25: esp. of ships or sailors; nú berr svá til ( happens) herra, at vér komum eigi fram ferðinni, berr oss (acc.) til Íslands eðr annara landa, it bore us to I., i. e. if we drive or drift thither, Fms. iv. 176; þá (acc. pl.) bar suðr í haf, they drifted southwards, Nj. 124.
    β. as a cricketing term, in the phrase, berr (bar) út knöttinn, the ball rolls out, Gísl. 26, cp. p. 110 where it is transit.; berr Gísli ok út knöttinn, vide Vígl. ch. 11, Grett. ch. 17, Vd. ch. 37, Hallfr. S. ch. 2.
    γ. Skarpheðin (acc.) bar nú at þeim, Sk. came suddenly upon them, Nj. 144; bar at Hróaldi þegar allan skjöldinn, the shield was dashed against H.’s body, 198; ok skyldu sæta honum, ef hann (acc.) bæri þar at, if he should per chance come, shew himself there, Orkn. 406; e-n berr yfir, it bears one, i. e. one is borne onwards, as a bird flying, a man riding; þóttist vita, at hann (acc.) mundi fljótara yfir bera ef hann riði en gengi, that he would get on more fleetly riding than walking, Hrafn. 7; hann (acc.) bar skjótt yfir, he passed quickly, of a flying meteor, Nj. 194; e-n berr undan, escapes.
    2. also with acc. followed by prepp. við, saman, jafnframt, hjá, of bodies coinciding or covering one another: loc., er jafnframt ber jaðrana tungls ok sólar, if the orb of the moon and sun cover each other, Rb. 34; þat kann vera stundum, at tunglit (acc.) berr jafht á millum vár ok sólar (i. e. in a moon eclipse), 108; ber nokkut jaðar (acc.) þess hjá sólar jaðri, 34; Gunnarr sér at rauðan kyrtil (acc.) bar við glugginn, G. sees that a red kirtle passed before the window, Nj. 114; bar fyrir utan þat skip vápnaburð (acc.) heiðingja (gen. pl.), the missiles of the heathens passed over the ship without hurting them, flew too high, Fms. vii. 232; hvergi bar skugga (acc.) á, nowhere a shadow, all bright, Nj. 118; þangat sem helzt mátti nokkut yfir þá skugga bera af skóginum, where they were shadowed (hidden) by the trees, Fms. x. 239; e-t berr fram (hátt), a body is prominent, Lat. eminet; Ólafr konungr stóð í lyptingunni, bar hann (acc.) hátt mjök, king O. stood out conspicuously, ii. 308; b. yfir, þótti mjök bera hljóð (acc.) þar yfir er Ólafr sat, the sound was heard over there where O. sat, Sturl. i. 21; b. á milli, something comes between; leiti (acc.) bar á milli, a hill hid the prospect, Nj. 263: metaph., e-m berr e-t á milli, they come to dissent, 13, v. 1.; b. fyrir augu (hence fyrirburðr, vision), of a vision or the like; mart (acc.) berr nú fyrir augu mér, ek sé …, many things come now before my eyes, 104; hann mundi allt þat er fyrir hann hafði borit, i. e. all the dream, 195; eina nótt berr fyrir hann í svefni mikla sýn, Fms. i. 137, Rd. 290; veiði (acc.) berr í hendr e-m (a metaphor from hunting), sport falls to one’s lot; hér bæri veiði í hendr nú, here would be a game, Nj. 252; e-t berr undan (a metaphor from fishing, hunting term), when one misses one’s opportunity; vel væri þá … at þá veiði (acc.) bæri eigi undan, that this game should not go amiss, 69; en ef þetta (acc.) berr undan, if this breaks down, 63; hon bað hann þá drepa einhvern manna hans, heldr en allt (acc.) bæri undan, rather than that all should go amiss, Eg. 258: absol., þyki mér illa, ef undan berr, if I miss it, Nj. 155; viljum vér ekki at undan beri at…, we will by no means miss it…, Fms. viii. 309, v. 1. The passage Bs. i. 416 (en fjárhlutr sá er átt hafði Ari, bar undan Guðmundi) is hardly correct, fjárhlut þann would run better, cp. bera undir, as a law term, below.
    II. adding prepp.; b. við, at, til, at hendi, at móti, til handa …, to befall, happen, Lat. accidere, occurrere, with dat. of the person, (v. atburðr, viðburðr, tilburðr); engi hlut skyldi þann at b., no such thing should happen as…, Fms. xi. 76; svá bar at einn vetr, it befell, x. 201; þat hefir nú víst at hendi borit, er…, Nj. 174; þó þetta vandræði (acc.) hafi nú borit oss (dat.) at hendi, Eg. 7; b. til handa, id., Sks. 327; bar honum svá til, so it befell him, Fms. xi. 425; at honum bæri engan váðaligan hlut til á veginum, that nothing dangerous should befall him on the way, Stj. 212; bæri þat þá svá við, at hann ryfi, it then perchance might happen, that …, 102; þat bar við at Högni kom, 169, 172, 82; raun (acc.) berr á, it is proved by the fact, event, Fms. ix. 474, x. 185.
    2. temp., e-t berr á, it happens to fall on …; ef þing (acc.) ber á hina helgu viku, if the parliament falls on the holy week (Whitsun), Grág. i. 106; ef Crucis messu (acc.) berr á Drottins dag, Rb. 44; berr hana (viz. Petrs messu, June 29) aldrei svá optarr á öldinni, 78; þat er nú berr oss næst, what has occurred of late, Sturl. iii. 182: b. í móti, to happen exactly at a time; þetta (acc.) bar í móti at þenna sama dag andaðist Brandr biskup, Bs. i. 468; b. saman, id.; bar þat saman, at pá var Gunnarr at segja brennusöguna, just when G. was about telling the story, Nj. 269.
    3. metaph. of agreement or separation; en þat (acc.) þykir mjök saman b. ok þessi frásögn, Fms. x. 276: with dat., bar öllum sögum vel saman, all the records agreed well together, Nj. 100, v. l.; berr nú enn í sundr með þeim, Bjarna ok Þorkatli at sinni, B. and Th. missed each other, Vápn. 25.
    4. denoting cause; e-t (acc.) berr til …, causes a thing; ætluðu þat þá allir, at þat mundi til bera, that that was the reason, Nj. 75; at þat beri til skilnaðar okkars, that this will make us to part (divorce), 261; konungr spurði, hvat til bæri úgleði hans, what was the cause of his grief? Fms. vi. 355; þat berr til tunglhlaups, Rb. 32.
    β. meiri ván at brátt beri þat (acc.) til bóta, at herviliga steypi hans ríki, i. e. there will soon come help (revenge), Fms. x. 264; fjórir eru þeir hlutir er menn (acc.) berr í ætt á landi hér, there are four cases under which people may be adopted, Grág. i. 361.
    γ. e-t berr undir e-n, falls to a person’s lot; hon á arf at taka þegar er undir hana berr, in her turn, 179; mikla erfð (acc.) bar undir hana, Mar. (Fr.); berr yfir, of surpassing, Bs. ii. 121, 158; b. frá, id. (fráburðr); herðimikill svá at þat (acc.) bar frá því sem aðrir menn, Eg. 305; er sagt, at þat bæri frá hve vel þeir mæltu, it was extraordinary how well they did speak, Jb. 11; bar þat mest frá hversu illa hann var limaðr, but above all, how…, Ó. H. 74.
    5. with adverbial nouns in a dat. form; e-t berr bráðum, happens of a sudden; berr þetta (acc.) nú allbráðum, Fms. xi. 139; cp. vera bráðum borinn, to be taken by surprise (above); berr stórum, stærrum, it matters a great deal; ætla ek stærrum b. hin lagabrotin (acc.), they are much more important, matter more, vii. 305; var þat góðr kostr, svá at stórum bar, xi. 50; hefir oss orðit svá mikil vanhyggja, at stóru berr, an enormous blunder, Gísl. 51; svá langa leið, at stóru bar, Fas. i. 116; þat berr stórum, hversu mér þóknast vel þeirra athæfi, it amounts to a great deal, my liking their service, i. e. I do greatly like, Fms. ii. 37; eigi berr þat allsmám hversu vel mér líkar, in no small degree do I like, x. 296.
    β. with dat., it is fitting, becoming; svá mikit sem landeiganda (dat.) berr til at hafa eptir lögum, what he is legally entitled to, Dipl. iii. 10; berr til handa, it falls to one’s lot, v. above, Grág. i. 93.
    III. answering to Lat. oportet, absolutely or with an adverb, vel, illa, with infinit.; e-m berr, it beseems, becomes one; berr þat ekki né stendr þvílíkum höfuðfeðr, at falsa, Stj. 132; berr yðr (dat.) vel, herra, at sjá sannindi á þessu máli, Fms. ix. 326; sagði, at þat bar eigi Kristnum mönnum, at særa Guð, x. 22; þá siðu at mér beri vel, Sks. 353 B: used absol., berr vel, illa, it is beseeming, proper, fit, unbeseeming, unfit, improper; athæfi þat er vel beri fyrir konungs augliti, 282; þat þykir ok eigi illa bera, at maðr hafi svart skinn til hosna, i. e. it suits pretty well, 301: in case of a pers. pron. in acc. or dat. being added, the sentence becomes personal in order to avoid doubling the impers. sentence, e. g. e-m berr skylda (not skyldu) til, one is bound by duty; veit ek eigi hver skylda (nom.) yðr (acc.) ber til þess at láta jarl einn ráða, Fms. i. 52: also leaving the dat. out, skylda berr til at vera forsjámaðr með honum, vii. 280; eigi berr hér til úviska mín, it is not that I am not knowing, Nj. 135.
    IV. when the reflex. inflexion is added to the verb, the noun loses its impers. character and is turned from acc. into nom., e. g. þar (þat?) mun hugrinn minn mest hafa fyrir borizt, this is what I suspected, fancied, Lv. 34; cp. hugarburðr, fancy, and e-t berr fyrir e-n (above, C. I. 2); hefir þetta (nom.) vel í móti borizt, a happy coincidence, Nj. 104; ef svá harðliga kann til at berask, if the misfortunes do happen, Gþl. 55; barsk sú úhamingja (nom.) til á Íslandi, that mischief happened (no doubt the passage is thus to be emended), Bs. i. 78, but bar þá úhamingju …; þat (nom.) barsk at, happened, Fms. x. 253; fundir várir (nom.) hafa at borizt nokkurum sinnum, vii. 256; þat barsk at á einhverju sumri, Eg. 154; bærist at um síðir at allr þingheimrinn berðist, 765, cp. berast við, berask fyrir above (B. V.): berast, absol., means to be shaken, knocked about; var þess ván, at fylkingar mundu berast í hergöngunni, that they would be brought into some confusion, Fms. v. 74; Hrólfr gékk at ramliga, ok barst Atli (was shaken, gave away) fyrir orku sakir, þar til er hann féll. Fas. iii. 253; barst Jökull allr fyrir orku sakir (of two wrestling), Ísl. ii. 467, Fms. iii. 189: vide B. IV.
    D. In mod. usage the strong bera—bar is also used in impersonal phrases, denoting to let a thing be seen, shew, but almost always with a negative preceding, e. g. ekki bar (ber) á því, it could ( can) not be seen; að á engu bæri, láta ekki á bera ( to keep tight), etc. All these phrases are no doubt alterations from the weak verb bera, að, nudare, and never occur in old writers; we have not met with any instance previous to the Reformation; the use is certainly of late date, and affords a rare instance of weak verbs turning into strong; the reverse is more freq. the case.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > BERA

  • 3 clase

    f.
    1 class.
    de primera clase first-class
    de segunda clase second-class
    clase alta/media upper/middle class
    las clases dirigentes the ruling classes
    clase obrera working class
    clases pasivas = pensioners and people on benefit
    clase preferente club class
    clase social social class
    clase trabajadora working class
    clase turista tourist class
    2 sort, kind (tipo).
    no me gusta esa clase de bromas I don't like that kind of joke
    toda clase de all sorts o kinds of
    3 class (education) (asignatura, alumnos).
    clases particulares private tuition
    clase de francés/inglés French/English class
    clase magistral master class
    * * *
    1 (grupo, categoría) class
    2 (aula) classroom; (de universidad) lecture hall
    3 (tipo) type, sort
    \
    asistir a clase to attend class
    dar clase to teach
    de buena clase good quality
    de todas clases of all kinds, of all sorts
    tener clase to have class
    toda clase de all sorts of
    clase alta upper class
    clase baja lower class
    clase de conducir driving lesson
    clase dirigente ruling class
    clase media middle class
    clase obrera working class
    clase particular private class, private lesson
    clase preferente business class
    clases de recuperación remedial classes
    clases pasivas pensioners
    primera clase first class
    segunda clase second class
    * * *
    noun f.
    2) sort, type
    * * *
    1. SF
    1) (Escol)
    a) (=lección) lesson, class

    dar o Chile hacer clase(s) — [profesor] to teach; Esp [alumno] to have lessons

    - fumarse o saltarse o soplarse la clase
    b) (=instrucción) school

    faltar a clase — to miss school, be absent

    c) (=aula) classroom
    d) (=grupo de alumnos) class

    la gente de mi clase — my classmates, my class

    "se dan clases particulares" — "private tuition offered"

    2) (Univ)
    a) [práctica] (=lección, instrucción) class; (=aula) classroom

    dar o LAm frm dictar clase — [profesor] to teach; [alumno] Esp to have classes

    b) (=lección) lecture

    hoy no voy a clase — I'm not going to any lectures today, I'm not going to University today

    • dar clase — [profesor] to teach, lecture; [alumno] to have lectures

    c) (=aula) lecture room
    3) (=tipo) kind, sort

    gente de todas clases — all kinds o sorts of people, people of all kinds

    con toda clase de detalles — in great detail, down to the last detail

    4) (=calidad) quality
    5) [en viajes] class

    segunda clase — second class, standard class

    6) (=elegancia) class

    tu hermana tiene mucha clase — your sister has a lot of class, your sister's very classy

    7) (Sociol) class

    las clases acomodadas — the well-to-do, the moneyed classes

    la clase dirigente o dominante — the ruling class

    la clase política — politicians pl, the political establishment Sociol

    8) (Bio, Bot) class
    9) (Mil)
    2.
    ADJ And * first-rate, classy *
    * * *
    1)
    a) ( tipo) kind, sort, type
    2) (Transp) class

    viajar en primera/segunda clase — to travel (in) first/second class

    3) (Sociol) class
    4) (distinción, elegancia) class
    5) (Educ)
    a) ( lección) class

    clases de conducir or manejar — driving lessons

    dictar clase (de algo) — (AmL frml) to lecture (in something)

    dar clase or (Chi) hacer clases (de algo) — profesor ( en colegio) to teach (something); ( en universidad) to lecture (something), teach (something)

    ¿quién te da clase de latín? — who takes you for Latin?

    da clases de latín/piano con un profesor privado — (Esp) she has latin classes/piano lessons with a private tutor

    b) ( grupo de alumnos) class

    un compañero de clase — a classmate, a school friend

    c) ( aula - en escuela) classroom; (- en universidad) lecture hall o room
    6) (Bot, Zool) class
    * * *
    1)
    a) ( tipo) kind, sort, type
    2) (Transp) class

    viajar en primera/segunda clase — to travel (in) first/second class

    3) (Sociol) class
    4) (distinción, elegancia) class
    5) (Educ)
    a) ( lección) class

    clases de conducir or manejar — driving lessons

    dictar clase (de algo) — (AmL frml) to lecture (in something)

    dar clase or (Chi) hacer clases (de algo) — profesor ( en colegio) to teach (something); ( en universidad) to lecture (something), teach (something)

    ¿quién te da clase de latín? — who takes you for Latin?

    da clases de latín/piano con un profesor privado — (Esp) she has latin classes/piano lessons with a private tutor

    b) ( grupo de alumnos) class

    un compañero de clase — a classmate, a school friend

    c) ( aula - en escuela) classroom; (- en universidad) lecture hall o room
    6) (Bot, Zool) class
    * * *
    clase1
    1 = class, class, cluster, kind, nature, schedules, the, sort, type, schedule, table, ilk, class standing.

    Ex: The following highlights are what this first class of Fellows recall of their time overseas.

    Ex: A class is a set of things which share some property, or characteristic, in common.
    Ex: Various other methods of obtaining clusters have been described, including the use of fuzzy sets, but these are beyond the scope of this book.
    Ex: Document descriptions may be drafted for a wide variety of different kinds of library material, but some common principles can be established.
    Ex: Since all of the headings are alphabetical words, it is possible to interfile entries regardless of the nature of their heading.
    Ex: The list of terms, representing concepts systematically arranged and showing their relationships, constitutes the schedules of a classification scheme.
    Ex: Thoughts of this sort kept running about like clockwork mice in his head, while the murmur of chatter filled the room and outside dusk had yielded to black night.
    Ex: There are a number of types of abstracts or labels that can be applied to abstracts.
    Ex: We have now established all the information that we need to enable us to construct a schedule, or table, in a given subject area.
    Ex: We have now established all the information that we need to enable us to construct a schedule, or table, in a given subject area.
    Ex: Perhaps she would be well advised to read that book and others of its ilk to see if she could learn something about surviving in the corporate world.
    Ex: Social distance, the aloofness and unapproachability of persons of different social strata, is both a symbol of class standing.
    * análisis multidimensional de clases = multidimensional cluster analysis.
    * área de datos específicos de la clase de documento = material (or type of publication) specific details area.
    * clase acomodada = nob.
    * clase alta = upper class.
    * clase anterior = anterior numeral class.
    * clase baja = lower class, the.
    * clase business = business class.
    * clase capitalista = capitalist class.
    * clase fénix = Phoenix schedule.
    * clase general = containing class.
    * clase gobernante, la = ruling class, the, ruling elite, the.
    * clase intelectual = intellectual class.
    * clase marginada = underclass.
    * clase media = middle class.
    * clase media alta = upper-middle class.
    * clase obrera = working class.
    * clase política = political class.
    * clase principal = main class.
    * clases altas, las = upper circles, the.
    * clases auxiliares = auxiliaries.
    * clases inferiores, las = lower orders, the.
    * clase social = social class.
    * clase superior = brahmin.
    * clase trabajadora = working class, labouring class.
    * clase turista = economy class.
    * con toda clase de comodidades = with all mods and cons.
    * con toda clase de lujos = with all mods and cons.
    * correo de primera clase = first class post.
    * cultura de la clase alta = high culture.
    * cultura de la clase baja = low culture.
    * cultura de la clase media = middlebrow culture.
    * de primera clase = first class, first-rate, tip-top.
    * de segunda clase = second-rate.
    * designación específica de la clase de documento = specific material designation.
    * designación general de la clase de documento = general material designation.
    * de una clase social superior = above + Posesivo + class.
    * dimensión de clase = class dimension.
    * fuera de clase = out-of-class.
    * identidad clase-tipo = type-token identity.
    * lucha de clases = class warfare.
    * modelo en su clase = showpiece.
    * notación de clase = class notation.
    * política de clases = class politics.
    * prejuicio de clases = class prejudice.
    * relación clase-tipo = type-token ratio.
    * sin clases sociales = classless.
    * sistema de clases sociales = class system.
    * subdivisión dentro de una clase = link, step of division.
    * toda clase de = all sorts of.
    * una clase de = a kind of.

    clase2
    2 = classroom, class.

    Ex: Teaching is done through lectures, seminars, tutorials and practical work both in the classroom and the library.

    Ex: The students in these classes were asked to record their library science periodical usage for one week = En estas clases se les pidió a los estudiantes que mantuvieran un registro del uso que hacían de las publicaciones periódicas de biblioteconomía y documentación durante una semana.
    * delegado de clase = class prefect, class representative.

    clase3
    3 = lesson, session, course unit, teaching session, lecture.

    Ex: There were lessons in this story which appear to have been ignored but remain valid for the future.

    Ex: But more mature readers can be expected to go on reading for full sessions without flagging, a point that most children should reach by ten years old.
    Ex: This paper discusses the library education programme in the 1st library school in Nigeria to offer the course unit system as operated in the USA.
    Ex: In teaching session after teaching session, day after day, school tasks are administered through textbooks, instruction manuals, reference works, etc -- tomes teeming with problems for the pupils to solve.
    Ex: The staff undertake searches and enquiries for the user and educate the user by various ways, from informal discussion to fully prepared lectures.
    * anterior a la clase = preclass.
    * apuntes de clase = lecture notes, class notes.
    * asistir a una clase = attend + class.
    * aula de clase = teaching room.
    * clase de educación de adultos = adult learning class, adult learner class.
    * clase de educación especial = special education class.
    * clase de educación física = physical education class.
    * clase de gimnasia = gym class.
    * clase de historia = history lesson.
    * clase de prácticas = practical.
    * clase de primaria = infant class.
    * clase de redacción = composition class.
    * clase didáctica = didactic lecture.
    * clase magistral = lecture class.
    * clase nocturna = evening class.
    * clases de apoyo = remedial teaching.
    * clases de guitarra = guitar tuition.
    * clase virtual = e-lesson.
    * compañero de clase = classmate.
    * curso de clases magistrales = lecture course.
    * curso mixto de clases y práctica en la empresa = sandwich course.
    * dar clase = give + a lesson, teach + class, teach + lesson, hold + class.
    * ejercicios de clase = school tasks.
    * en el aula de clase = classroom-based.
    * faltar a clase = play + hooky, skip + class, play + truant, bunk off, bunk + classes, skive, bunk + school.
    * faltar a una clase = miss + class, cut + class.
    * fugarse una clase = skip + class.
    * hora de clase = class period.
    * horario de clase = class time, class schedule.
    * horas de clase = class time, school hours.
    * impartir clases = lecture.
    * lectura en clase = class reading.
    * lectura recomendada de clase = classroom reading.
    * material didáctico entregado en clase = class handout.
    * perderse una clase = miss + class.
    * preparar un trabajo de clase = research + paper.
    * programa mixto de clases y práctica en la empresa = sandwich programme.
    * saltarse una clase = skip + class, miss + class, cut + class.
    * trabajo de clase = term paper, coursework [course work], term project, essay assignment, class assignment, course assignment, homework, student assignment, written assignment.
    * trabajos de clase = classroom asignment.

    * * *
    A
    1 (tipo) kind, sort, type
    sin ninguna clase de explicaciones with no explanation of any kind, without any kind of explanation
    te deseo toda clase de felicidad I wish you every happiness
    2
    (categoría): productos de primera clase top-quality products
    B ( Transp) class
    viajar en primera/segunda clase to travel (in) first/second class
    Compuestos:
    economy o tourist class
    ● clase ejecutiva or preferente
    business class
    C ( Sociol) class
    gente de todas las clases sociales people of all (social) classes
    la clase política politicians
    Compuestos:
    upper class
    lower class
    ruling class
    middle class
    ● clase media alta/media baja
    upper-middle/lower-middle class
    working class
    fpl:
    working class
    D (distinción, elegancia) class
    tiene mucha clase she has a lot of class, she's very classy ( colloq)
    E ( Educ)
    1 (lección) class
    este año ha faltado a clase diez veces this year he's missed ten classes
    la clase que más me gusta es la de historia my favorite class o ( BrE) lesson is history
    se porta muy mal en clase she behaves very badly in class
    ¿a qué hora sales de clase? what time do you get out of class ( o school etc)?
    los centros en los que se imparten las clases ( frml); the centers where classes are held
    clases de conducir or manejar driving lessons
    dicta clase de filosofía ( AmL); she teaches philosophy, she gives philosophy classes
    dar clase «profesor» (en el colegio) to teach; (en la universidad) to lecture, teach;
    «alumno» ( Esp) to have classes
    da clases particulares he gives private classes, he teaches privately
    ¿quién te da clase de latín? who do you have for o who takes you for Latin?
    da clases de matemáticas en la Universidad she lectures in o teaches mathematics at the University
    dio la clase de mi parte he gave o took the class for me
    doy clases de música con un profesor particular ( Esp); I have music lessons with a private teacher
    hace clases de piano en el conservatorio ( Chi); he teaches piano at the conservatory
    invitó a toda la clase a la fiesta she invited the whole class to the party
    es el primero de la clase he's top of the class, he's the best in the class
    un compañero de clase a classmate, a school friend
    3 (aula — en una escuela) classroom; (— en una universidad) lecture hall o room, lecture auditorium ( AmE), lecture theatre ( BrE)
    ¿en qué clase es la conferencia? which room is the lecture in?
    Compuestos:
    master class
    evening class
    private class o lesson
    F ( Bot, Zool) class
    ( Mil) ≈ NCO, ≈ noncommissioned officer
    * * *

     

    clase sustantivo femenino
    1 ( tipo) kind, sort, type;

    2 (Transp, Sociol) class;

    clase económica or turista economy o tourist class;
    clase ejecutiva or preferente business class;
    clase alta/baja/media upper/lower/middle class;
    clase dirigente or dominante ruling class;
    clase obrera working class
    3
    a) (distinción, elegancia) class;


    b) ( categoría):


    4 (Educ)

    clases de conducir or manejar driving lessons;
    dictar clase (de algo) (AmL frml) to lecture (in sth);
    dar clase or (Chi) hacer clases (de algo) [ profesor] to teach (sth);

    clase particular private class o lesson


    (— en universidad) lecture hall o room
    clase sustantivo femenino
    1 (género, tipo) kind, sort: tienen toda clase de instrumentos musicales, they have all kinds of musical instruments
    2 (categoría) class
    viajar en primera/ segunda clase, to travel first/second class
    un jamón de primera clase, a top-quality ham
    3 (grupo social) class
    clase alta/media, upper/middle class
    clases pasivas, pensioners
    4 Educ (aula) classroom
    (grupo de estudiantes) class
    (lección) lesson, class
    5 (elegancia, estilo) class
    ' clase' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    amiga
    - amigo
    - baja
    - bajo
    - colegio
    - compartimento
    - compartimiento
    - curso
    - dar
    - dirigente
    - entre
    - especie
    - fichada
    - fichado
    - fumarse
    - género
    - guión
    - honda
    - índole
    - media
    - medio
    - mejor
    - naturaleza
    - permitirse
    - pueblo
    - repelente
    - suerte
    - tema
    - tipo
    - adelante
    - apuntar
    - asistir
    - atrás
    - burgués
    - burguesía
    - capar
    - capear
    - cierto
    - compañero
    - dibujo
    - dictar
    - dormir
    - espabilado
    - faltar
    - formar
    - listo
    - numeroso
    - obrero
    - orden
    - parejo
    English:
    artwork
    - background
    - blue-collar
    - board
    - brand
    - breed
    - charge off
    - class
    - classmate
    - classroom
    - classy
    - conclude
    - description
    - discipline
    - diverse
    - dunce
    - economy class
    - first-class
    - form
    - grade
    - gym
    - heterogeneous
    - institution
    - kind
    - lance corporal
    - lecture
    - lesson
    - lower-class
    - manner
    - method
    - middle-class
    - nature
    - order
    - period
    - posh
    - remedial
    - riding lesson
    - second-class
    - session
    - shade
    - Sloane Ranger
    - sort
    - start off
    - stay behind
    - stream
    - take
    - tourist class
    - type
    - upper class
    - variety
    * * *
    clase nf
    1. [grupo, categoría] class;
    de primera clase first-class;
    de segunda clase second-class;
    una mercancía de primera clase a first-class o top-class product
    2. [en medio de transporte] class;
    primera/segunda clase first/second class;
    viajar en primera/segunda clase to travel first/second class
    clase económica economy class;
    clase ejecutiva business class;
    clase preferente business o club class;
    Andes clase salón [en tren] first class;
    clase turista tourist class
    3. [grupo social, profesional, institucional] class;
    la clase médica the medical profession;
    la clase política the political class, politicians
    clase alta upper class;
    clase baja lower class;
    la clase dirigente the ruling class;
    clase media middle class;
    clase media alta upper middle class;
    clase media baja lower middle class;
    clase obrera working class;
    clase ociosa the idle classes;
    clases pasivas = pensioners and people on benefit;
    clase social social class;
    clase trabajadora working class
    4. [tipo] sort, kind;
    no me gusta esa clase de bromas I don't like that kind of joke;
    toda clase de all sorts o kinds of;
    os deseamos toda clase de felicidad we wish you every happiness;
    de toda clase of all sorts o kinds;
    sin ninguna clase de dudas without a (shadow of a) doubt
    5. Zool class
    6. Ling class
    7. [asignatura, lección] [en colegio] class;
    [en universidad] lecture;
    una clase de historia a history class/lecture;
    iremos al cine después de clase [en colegio] we're going to the cinema after school;
    [en universidad] we're going to the cinema after class;
    me voy a clase, nos veremos luego I'm going to my lecture, see you later;
    el profesor no le puede recibir ahora, está en clase the teacher can't see you now, he's teaching o he's giving a class;
    dar clases [en colegio] to teach;
    [en universidad] to lecture;
    da clases de español a un grupo de franceses she teaches Spanish to a group of French people;
    doy clase con el Sr. Vega Mr Vega is my teacher;
    faltar a clase to miss school;
    faltó una semana a clase por enfermedad she was off school for a week because she was ill;
    hoy tengo clase [en colegio] I have to go to school today;
    [en universidad] I've got lectures today Esp clases de conducir driving lessons;
    clase magistral lecture;
    Am clases de manejar driving lessons;
    clase nocturna evening class;
    clases particulares private tuition;
    clases de recuperación = extra lessons for pupils who have failed their exams
    8. [alumnos] class;
    9. [aula] [en colegio] classroom;
    [en universidad] lecture room o hall
    10. [estilo]
    tener clase to have class;
    una mujer con mucha clase a very classy woman;
    con ese gol demostró su clase he showed his class with that goal
    * * *
    f
    1 EDU class;
    2 ( variedad) kind, sort
    3 social class;
    la clase obrera the working class
    4
    :
    tener clase have class;
    una mujer con clase a classy woman
    * * *
    clase nf
    1) : class
    2) índole, tipo: sort, kind, type
    * * *
    1. (en general) class [pl. classes]
    2. (lección) class / lesson
    ¿a qué hora empieza la clase? what time does the class begin?
    3. (tipo) kind
    4. (aula) classroom

    Spanish-English dictionary > clase

  • 4 medio

    adj.
    1 half a, half, half an, mid.
    2 average.
    3 half-way, halfway.
    4 one-half.
    adv.
    half-way, half, kind of, partially.
    m.
    1 means, manner, mode, way.
    2 center, midway, midst.
    3 medium, instrument, means.
    4 environment.
    5 halfback.
    6 medium.
    pres.indicat.
    1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: mediar.
    * * *
    1 (mitad) half
    2 (intermedio) middle
    3 (de promedio) average
    ■ una velocidad media de... an average speed of...
    1 half
    ■ medio terminado,-a half-finished
    1 (mitad) half
    2 (centro) middle
    3 (contexto - físico) environment
    4 (social) circle
    1 (recursos) means
    \
    equivocarse de medio a medio to get it all wrong
    estar (todo) por el medio to be in the way
    ponerse en medio to get in the way
    por medio de through, by means of
    por todos los medios by all means
    quitar algo/alguien de en medio to get something/somebody out of the way
    media aritmética arithmetic mean
    medio ambiente environment
    medio fondo middle-distance
    medios de transporte means of transport
    ————————
    1 (mitad) half
    2 (centro) middle
    3 (contexto - físico) environment
    4 (social) circle
    * * *
    1. (f. - media)
    adj.
    2) half
    2. adv.
    1) half
    3. noun m.
    •
    * * *
    1. ADJ
    1) (=la mitad de) half

    media pensión — [en hotel] half-board

    • media hora — half an hour

    • media luna — (Astron) half-moon

    la Media Luna — [en el Islam] the Crescent

    asta, luz 1), mundo 2), naranja 1., 3), palabra 1), voz 1), vuelta 1)
    2) (=intermedio)

    • a medio camino, estamos a medio camino — we're halfway there

    plazo
    3) (=promedio) average
    término 2)
    4) (=normal) average
    5)

    • a medias, lo dejó hecho a medias — he left it half-done

    lo pagamos a medias — we share o split the cost

    2. ADV
    1) [con adjetivo] half

    es medio tonto — he's not very bright, he's a bit on the slow side

    2) [con verbo, adverbio]

    está a medio escribir/terminar — it is half-written/finished

    3) LAm (=bastante) rather, quite, pretty *
    3. SM
    1) (=centro) middle, centre, center (EEUU)

    • de en medio, la casa de en medio — the middle house

    • de por medio, hay droga de por medio — drugs are involved

    día (de) por medio — LAm every other day

    • en medio, iba a besarla, pero él se puso en medio — I was going to kiss her, but he got between us

    • por medio de, pasar por medio de — to go through (the middle of)

    de medio a medio —

    2) (Dep) midfielder

    medio apertura — (Rugby) fly-half

    medio (de) melé — (Rugby) scrum-half

    3) (=método) means pl, way

    no hay medio de conseguirlo — there is no way of getting it, it's impossible to get

    poner todos los medios para hacer algo, no regatear medios para hacer algo — to spare no effort to do sth

    • por medio de, se mueve por medio de poleas — it moves by means of o using a pulley system

    respira por medio de las agallas — it breathes through o using o by means of its gills

    4) pl los medios (tb: los medios de comunicación ó difusión) the media
    5) pl medios (=recursos) means, resources
    6) (Bio) (tb: medio ambiente) environment
    7) (=círculo) circle
    * * *
    I
    - dia adjetivo

    medio litro — half a liter, a half-liter

    media hora — half an hour, a half hour (AmE)

    a media mañana/tarde dio un paseo — he went for a mid-morning/mid-afternoon stroll

    2) (mediano, promedio) average

    el ciudadano/mexicano medio — the average citizen/Mexican

    II
    adverbio half

    está medio loca/dormida — she's half crazy/asleep

    III
    1) (Mat) ( mitad) half
    2)
    a) ( centro) middle

    el asiento de en or del medio — the middle seat, the seat in the middle

    quitarse de en or del medio — to get out of the way

    quitar a alguien de en medio — (euf) to bump somebody off (colloq)

    b) los medios masculino plural (Taur) center* ( of the ring)
    3)
    a) (recurso, manera) means (pl)

    no hay medio de localizarlo — there's no way o means of locating him

    b) (Art) ( vehículo) tb
    c) medios masculino plural ( recursos económicos) tb

    medios económicos — means (pl), resources (pl)

    de por medio: no puedo dejarlo, están los niños de por medio I can't leave him, there are the children to think of; hay intereses creados de por medio there are vested interests involved; había un árbol de por medio there was a tree in the way; en medio de: en medio de tanta gente (in) among so many people; cómo puedes trabajar en medio de este desorden how can you work in all this mess; en medio de la confusión in o amid all the confusion; en medio de todo all things considered; por medio (CS, Per): día/semana por medio every other day/week; dos o tres casas por medio every two or three houses; por medio de by means of; se comunicaban por medio de este sistema they communicated by means of this system; por medio de tu primo from o through your cousin; de medio a medio: te equivocas de medio a medio you're completely wrong; le acertó de medio a medio — she was absolutely right

    5)
    a) (círculo, ámbito)

    en medios literarios/políticos — in literary/political circles

    en medios bien informados se comenta que... — informed opinion has it that...

    b) (Biol) environment
    •
    * * *
    I
    - dia adjetivo

    medio litro — half a liter, a half-liter

    media hora — half an hour, a half hour (AmE)

    a media mañana/tarde dio un paseo — he went for a mid-morning/mid-afternoon stroll

    2) (mediano, promedio) average

    el ciudadano/mexicano medio — the average citizen/Mexican

    II
    adverbio half

    está medio loca/dormida — she's half crazy/asleep

    III
    1) (Mat) ( mitad) half
    2)
    a) ( centro) middle

    el asiento de en or del medio — the middle seat, the seat in the middle

    quitarse de en or del medio — to get out of the way

    quitar a alguien de en medio — (euf) to bump somebody off (colloq)

    b) los medios masculino plural (Taur) center* ( of the ring)
    3)
    a) (recurso, manera) means (pl)

    no hay medio de localizarlo — there's no way o means of locating him

    b) (Art) ( vehículo) tb
    c) medios masculino plural ( recursos económicos) tb

    medios económicos — means (pl), resources (pl)

    de por medio: no puedo dejarlo, están los niños de por medio I can't leave him, there are the children to think of; hay intereses creados de por medio there are vested interests involved; había un árbol de por medio there was a tree in the way; en medio de: en medio de tanta gente (in) among so many people; cómo puedes trabajar en medio de este desorden how can you work in all this mess; en medio de la confusión in o amid all the confusion; en medio de todo all things considered; por medio (CS, Per): día/semana por medio every other day/week; dos o tres casas por medio every two or three houses; por medio de by means of; se comunicaban por medio de este sistema they communicated by means of this system; por medio de tu primo from o through your cousin; de medio a medio: te equivocas de medio a medio you're completely wrong; le acertó de medio a medio — she was absolutely right

    5)
    a) (círculo, ámbito)

    en medios literarios/políticos — in literary/political circles

    en medios bien informados se comenta que... — informed opinion has it that...

    b) (Biol) environment
    •
    * * *
    medio1
    = middle, one-half (1/2).

    Ex: The purpose of the insert key is to allow the insertion of one or more characters in the middle of a field without disturbing the information already displayed.

    Ex: The output of paperbacks accounted for one-third of the total US book production by 1962; nearly one-half of the fiction produced and a quarter of the available titles.
    * Alta Edad Media, la = Early Middle Ages, the, High Middle Ages, the, Dark Ages, the.
    * a media asta = at half-mast, at half staff.
    * a media mañana = mid-morning.
    * a medias entre... y... = betwixt and between.
    * a medio abrir = half-opened.
    * a medio camino = halfway [half-way/half way].
    * a medio comprender = half-understood.
    * a medio formar = half-formed.
    * a medio fuego = medium heat.
    * a medio hacer = halfway done, half done.
    * a medio plazo = near-term, in the medium term, medium-term, in the mid-term, mid-term [midterm].
    * a medio rimar = half-rhymed.
    * a medio vestir = partly dressed, half dressed.
    * arco de medio punto = round arch.
    * baja Edad Media, la = late Middle Ages, the.
    * barba de media tarde = five o'clock shadow.
    * clase media = middle class.
    * cocer a medias = parboil.
    * comprendido a medias = half-understood.
    * dar media vuelta = do + an about-face.
    * darse media vuelta = turn on + Posesivo + heel.
    * de la edad media = dark-age.
    * del medio = middle.
    * del Medio Oriente = Middle Eastern.
    * de media jornada = half-day [half day].
    * de media mañana = mid-morning.
    * de medio día de duración = half-day [half day].
    * de medio pelo = small-time.
    * de talla media = middle-sized.
    * dividir por medio = rend in + two.
    * Edad Media = mediaeval ages [medieval ages, -USA], Middle Ages.
    * edición media = medium edition.
    * en el nivel medio de = in the middle range of.
    * en medio de = amidst, in the midst of, in the throes of, right in, amid.
    * entender a medias = pick up + the fag-ends.
    * enterarse a medias = pick up + the fag-ends.
    * entre medias = in between.
    * estar a medio camino entre... y... = lie + midway between... and....
    * estar en medio de = caught in the middle.
    * estar justo en medio de = stand + squarely in.
    * foto de medio cuerpo = mugshot [mug shot].
    * haber dinero de por medio = money + change hands.
    * haber una transacción económica de por medio = money + change hands.
    * habitante del Medio Oriente = Middle Easterner.
    * histeria a medias = semi-hysteria.
    * Hora + y media = half past + Hora.
    * IME (Integración a Media Escala) = MSI (Medium Scale Integration).
    * justo en el medio (de) = plumb in the middle (of).
    * letra rota o a medio imprimir = broken letter.
    * línea de medio campo = halfway line.
    * media docena = half a dozen, half-dozen.
    * media hora = half-hour.
    * Media Luna Roja, la = Red Crescent, the.
    * media luz = half-light.
    * media pensión = half board.
    * media tinta = Mezzotint.
    * media verdad = half truth, half-fact.
    * media vuelta = about-face.
    * medio abierto = half-opened, half-way open.
    * medio administrativo = quasi-clerical.
    * medio adormilado = bleary-eyed.
    * medio despierto = drowsily, groggily, bleary-eyed.
    * medio día = one-half day.
    * medio dormido = drowsily, groggily, groggy [groggier -comp., groggiest -sup.].
    * medio en broma = tongue-in-cheek.
    * medio + Expresión Temporal = half + a + Expresión Temporal.
    * medio hecho = halfway done, half done.
    * Medio Oeste, el = Midwest, the.
    * Medio Oriente = Middle East.
    * medio pliego = half-sheet.
    * medio sumergido = half-submerged.
    * medio vacío = half-empty.
    * medio vestido = partly dressed, half dressed.
    * nacido en medio = middleborn.
    * nivel medio de gestión = middle management.
    * pantalones de media caña = knee breeches, jodhpurs.
    * partir por medio = rend in + two.
    * Pasado = half + Pasado/Participio.
    * ponerse en medio = get in + the way (of).
    * Posesivo + media naranja = Posesivo + significant other, Posesivo + better half, Posesivo + other half.
    * punto medio = mid-point.
    * quedarse a medias = fall (between/through) + the cracks.
    * quitarse de en medio = take + Nombre + out.
    * quitarse del medio = run for + cover.
    * sin obstáculos de por medio = uncluttered.
    * tener un problema medio resuelto = have + problem half licked.
    * tentempié de media mañana = elevenses.
    * un día y medio = one and a half days.
    * verdad a medias = half truth, half-fact.
    * verse en medio de = caught in the middle.

    medio2
    2 = average, mainline, mainstream.

    Ex: The average family does have very real information needs, even though these may not be immediately recognized as such.

    Ex: This is 'scientific journalism' at its worst, but its standards are not wholly different from those of the mainline press.
    Ex: Some children may be constrained by a mainstream curriculum that does not match their ability level.
    * ciudadano medio, el = average man, the.
    * como término medio = on average.
    * de nivel cultural medio = middlebrow [middle-brow].
    * de nivel medio = medium level [medium-level], middle-range.
    * de precio medio = medium-priced.
    * de talle medio = medium-length.
    * de tamaño medio = medium-sized, mid-sized [midsized], middle-sized, mid-size [midsize].
    * de tipo medio = middle-range.
    * el ciudadano medio = the average Joe.
    * hombre medio, el = average person, the.
    * la ciudadana media = the average Jane.
    * nivel de dominio medio = working knowledge.
    * persona con nivel cultural medio = middlebrow [middle-brow].
    * por término medio = on average.
    * precio medio = average price.
    * tener por término medio = average.
    * término medio = compromise, balance.
    * valor medio = midrange, mean value.

    medio3
    3 = instrumentality, means, vehicle.

    Ex: But there are signs of a change as new and powerful instrumentalities come into use.

    Ex: The easiest means of illustrating some of the foregoing points is to introduce in outline some special classification schemes.
    Ex: This journal serves as a vehicle for the continuing education of librarians, as a showcase for current practice and as a spotlight for significant activities.
    * alfabetización en los medios de comunicación = media literacy.
    * anuncios en los medios de comunicación = media releases.
    * aprendizaje a través de medios electrónicos = online learning.
    * aprendizaje por medio del ordenador = computer-based learning (CBL).
    * bibliotecario de medios audiovisuales = library media specialist.
    * bien dotado de medios = well-resourced.
    * bien equipado de medios = well-resourced.
    * búsqueda por medio de menús = menu-assisted searching.
    * búsqueda por medio de órdenes = command search.
    * codificación por medio de códigos de barras = barcoding [bar-coding].
    * codificar por medio de códigos de barras = barcode [bar-code].
    * conducir por medio de tubos = duct.
    * confundir los medios con el fin = confuse + the means with the ends.
    * con medios insuficientes = on a shoestring (budget).
    * con medios muy escasos = on a shoestring (budget).
    * con medios muy exiguos = on a shoestring (budget).
    * con muy pocos medios = on a shoestring (budget).
    * con todos los medios a + Posesivo + alcance = with all the means at + Posesivo + disposal.
    * desplazamiento por medio del ordenador = computer commuting.
    * documentalista de los medios de comunicación = news librarian.
    * dotar de medios = resource.
    * el fin justifica los medios = the end justifies the means.
    * empresa de medios de comunicación = media company.
    * enseñanza a través de medios electrónicos = online education.
    * enseñanza por medio del ordenador (CBI) = computer-based instruction (CBI).
    * entrevista en los medios de comunicación = media interview.
    * equipar de medios = resource.
    * exceso de medios = overkill.
    * expansión de una búsqueda por medio del tesauro = thesaurus expansion.
    * industria de los medios de comunicación de masas = mass communications industry.
    * interfaz por medio de gráficos = graphics interfacing.
    * máquina de registro de préstamos por medio de la fotografía = photocharger, photocharging machine.
    * medio de ahorro = economy measure.
    * medio de almacenamiento = storage medium.
    * medio de almacenamiento físico = physical storage media.
    * medio de comunicación = medium [media, -pl.].
    * medio de interpretación = medium of performance.
    * medio de transmisión = conduit.
    * medio físico = physical medium.
    * medios = ways and means.
    * medios de almacenamiento digital = digital media.
    * medios de almacenamiento óptico = optical storage media.
    * medios de comunicación = news media.
    * medios de comunicación de masas = mass media, mass communications media, communications media, communications media.
    * medios de comunicación social = mass media.
    * medios de microalmacenamiento de la información = microstorage media.
    * medios de producción = means of production.
    * medios digitalizados de almacenamiento de información = digitised media.
    * medios económicos = economic resources.
    * medios, los = wherewithal, the, means, the.
    * medios oficiales = official channels.
    * medios técnicos = IT capabilities.
    * medios visuales = visual media.
    * mostrar por medio de cambio de intensidad en el brillo = flash up.
    * multimedia = multimedia [multi-media].
    * mundo de los medios de comunicación, el = mediascape, the.
    * por medio = out of.
    * por medio de = by means of, by way of, in the form of, through, via, via the medium of, by dint of.
    * por medio de isótopos = isotopically.
    * por medio de otro(s) = by proxy.
    * por medio de una agencia = on a bureau basis.
    * por todos los medios = by all means.
    * proporcionar los medios para = provide + the material for.
    * ser un medio para llegar a un fin = be the means to an end.
    * streaming media = streaming media.
    * técnica de recuperación por medio de la lógica difusa = fuzzy IR technique.
    * terapia por medio de aromas = aroma therapy.
    * tratar por todos los medios de = take + (great) pains to.
    * tratar por todos los medios de + Verbo = be at pains to + Infinitivo.
    * un medio para alcanzar un fin = a means to an end.
    * un medio para conseguir un fin = a means to an end.
    * un medio para llegar a fin = a means to an end.
    * utilizar al máximo por medio del ordenador = explode.

    * * *
    (la mitad de): medio litro half a liter, a half-liter
    medio kilo de harina half a kilo of flour
    media docena de huevos half a dozen eggs, a half-dozen eggs
    ¿quieres media manzana? do you want half an apple?
    los niños pagan medio billete or pasaje children pay half fare o half price
    un retrato de medio cuerpo a half-length portrait
    llevo media hora esperando I've been waiting for half an hour
    la última media hora es muy divertida the last half hour is very entertaining
    hay trenes a y cinco y a y media there are trains at five past and half past (the hour)
    aún faltan dos horas y media para que empiece la función there are still two and a half hours to go before the show starts
    si se lo dices a él mañana lo sabe medio Buenos Aires if you tell him, half (of) Buenos Aires will know by tomorrow
    la bandera ondea a media asta the flag is flying at half-mast
    la falda le llega a media pierna she's wearing a calf-length skirt
    a media mañana/tarde siempre da un paseo he always goes for a mid-morning/mid-afternoon stroll, he always goes for a stroll mid-morning/mid-afternoon
    ¿qué haces aquí leyendo a media luz? what are you doing in here reading in such poor light?
    la habitación estaba a media luz the room was dimly lit
    Compuestos:
    habla con or (CS) en medioa lengua he talks in baby language
    la deliciosa medioa lengua de los dos años the delightful way a two-year-old talks
    A ( Astron) half-moon
    en forma de medioa luna crescent-shaped
    B (de las uñas) half-moon
    C ( RPl) ( Coc) croissant ( often with ham and cheese)
    D
    (organización): la Medioa Luna Roja the Red Crescent
    feminine short sleeve
    llevaba un vestido de medioa manga she was wearing a dress with short sleeves o a short-sleeved dress
    todavía no ha encontrado su medioa naranja (el hombre ideal) Mr Right hasn't come along yet; (la mujer ideal) he hasn't found his ideal woman yet
    vino con su medioa naranja he/she came along with his/her better half ( colloq hum)
    (en colegios): los alumnos en régimen de medioa pensión pupils who have school dinners
    fpl:
    me lo dijo con medioas palabras she didn't say it in so many words
    feminine half sole, sole
    feminine half volley
    a medioa voz in a low voice
    hablaban a medioa voz they were talking in low voices
    feminine ( Mil) about-face ( AmE), about-turn ( BrE)
    (se) dio medioa vuelta y se fue she turned on her heel o she turned around and left
    masculine and feminine fly half, outside half
    masculine midfield
    masculine and feminine middle-distance runner
    masculine middle-distance
    ● medio hermano, media hermana
    masculine, feminine
    ( masculine) half-brother; ( feminine) half-sister
    masculine half-mourning
    ● medio pupilo, media pupila or medio pupila
    masculine, feminine (CS) day pupil
    los medio pupilos the day pupils
    ( AmL) half-time
    B (mediano, promedio) average
    el cuidadano/mexicano medio the average citizen/Mexican
    barrios madrileños de standing alto a medio middle to upper-class districts of Madrid
    a medio y largo plazo in the medium and long term
    técnico de grado medio technician who has taken a three-year course rather than a five-year degree course
    la temperatura media es de 22 grados the average temperature is 22 degrees
    clase1 (↑ clase (1)), edad, término, etc
    C
    1
    (de manera incompleta): dejó el trabajo a medios he left the work half-finished
    me dijo la verdad a medios she didn't tell me the whole truth o story
    lo arregló a medios he didn't fix it properly
    2
    (entre dos): voy a comprar un número de lotería ¿vamos a medios? I'm going to buy a lottery ticket. Do you want to go halves?
    pagar a medios to pay half each, go halves
    lo hicimos a medios we did it between us
    D
    ( Chi fam) ( delante del n) (uso enfático): el medio auto que se gasta just look at the car he drives!
    half
    está medio borracha/loca she's half drunk/crazy
    lo dejaron allí medio muerto they left him there half dead
    fue medio violento encontrármelo ahí it was rather awkward meeting him there
    me lo dijo medio en broma medio en serio she said it half joking and half serious
    todo lo deja a medio hacer he never finishes anything, he leaves everything half finished
    medio como que se molestó cuando se lo dije (CS fam); she got kind of o sort of annoyed when I told her ( colloq)
    B
    1 (centro) middle
    en (el) medio de la habitación in the middle o center of the room
    el botón de en or del medio the middle button, the button in the middle
    el justo medio the happy medium
    quítate de en or del medio, que no me dejas ver get out of the way, I can't see
    quitar a algn de en medio ( euf); to get rid of sb ( euph), bump sb off ( colloq)
    2 los medios mpl ( Taur) center* ( of the ring)
    C
    1 (recurso, manera) means (pl)
    lo intentaron por todos los medios they tried everything they could
    no hay medio de localizarlo there's no way o means of locating him
    hizo lo que pudo con los medios a su alcance she did everything she could with the resources at her disposal
    como medio de coacción as a means of coercion
    medios económicos means (pl), resources (pl)
    no escatimó medios he spared no expense
    a pesar de los escasos medios de que dispone in spite of his limited means
    no cuenta con los medios necesarios para hacerlo she does not have the means o resources to do it
    Compuestos:
    la entrevista concedida a un medio de comunicación francés the interview given to a French newspaper ( o television station etc)
    los medios de comunicación sociales or de masas the mass media
    means of transport
    ( Méx) legal challenge
    mpl audiovisual aids (pl)
    mpl:
    los medio de producción the means of production
    D ( en locs):
    de por medio: no puedo dejarlo, están los niños de por medio I can't leave him, there are the children to think of
    hay muchos intereses creados de por medio there are a lot of vested interests involved
    en medio de: en medio de tanta gente (in) among so many people
    no sé cómo puedes trabajar en medio de este desorden I don't know how you can work in all this mess
    en medio de la confusión in o amid all the confusion
    en medio de todo all things considered
    en medio de todo más vale así all things considered, it's probably better this way
    por medio (CS, Per): día/semana por medio every other day/week
    dos o tres casas por medio every two or three houses
    por medio de: nos enteramos por medio de tu primo we found out from o through your cousin
    atrapa su presa por medio de estas pinzas it catches its prey by using these pincers
    se comunicaban por medio de este sistema they communicated by means of this system
    obtuvo el puesto por medio de estas influencias she got the job through these contacts
    de medio a medio: te equivocas de medio a medio you're completely wrong o utterly mistaken
    le acertó de medio a medio she was absolutely right
    E
    1
    (círculo, ámbito): en medios literarios/políticos in literary/political circles
    no está en su medio he's out of his element
    un artista prácticamente desconocido en nuestro medio (Col, CS); an artist who is practically unknown here o in our country ( o area etc)
    en medios bien informados se comenta que … informed opinion has it that …
    2 ( Biol) environment
    estos animales no sobreviven fuera de su medio natural these animals do not survive if removed from their natural habitat
    la adaptación al medio adaptation to one's environment o surroundings
    Compuesto:
    environment
    que no daña el medio ambiente eco-friendly, environmentally friendly
    F (dedo) middle finger
    G (moneda) five centavo or centésimo coin formerly used in some Latin American countries
    ni medio ( RPl fam): no se ve/no entendí ni medio you can't see/I didn't understand a thing
    el que nace para medio nunca llega a real if you don't have what it takes, you won't get on in the world
    * * *

     

    Del verbo mediar: ( conjugate mediar)

    medio es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

    medió es:

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

    Multiple Entries:
    mediar    
    medio
    mediar ( conjugate mediar) verbo intransitivo

    medio EN algo ‹en conflicto/negociaciones› to mediate in sth, to act as mediator in sth
    b) ( interceder) medio POR algn to intercede for sb;

    medio ANTE algn to intercede o intervene with sb
    medio 1
    ◊ - dia adjetivo

    1 ( delante del n) ( la mitad de):

    media manzana half an apple;
    pagar medio pasaje to pay half fare o half price;
    media hora half an hour, a half hour (AmE);
    dos horas y media two and a half hours;
    a las cinco y media at half past five;
    a media mañana/tarde in the middle of the morning/afternoon;
    a medio camino halfway;
    media pensión ( en hoteles) half board;
    (se) dio medio vuelta y se fue she turned on her heel and left;
    un jugador de medio campo a midfield player;
    medio tiempo (AmL) half-time;
    mi media naranja (fam &
    hum) my better half (colloq & hum)
    2 (mediano, promedio) average;

    a medio y largo plazo in the medium and long term
    medio 2 adverbio
    half;

    todo lo deja a medio terminar he leaves everything half finished
    ■ sustantivo masculino
    1 (Mat) ( mitad) half
    2 ( centro) middle;
    ◊ en (el) medio de la habitación in the middle o center of the room;

    quitarse de en or del medio to get out of the way
    3
    a) (recurso, manera) means (pl);


    los medios de comunicación the media;
    medio de transporte means of transport
    b)

    ◊ medios sustantivo masculino plural ( recursos económicos) tb medios económicos means (pl), resources (pl)

    4 ( en locs)
    ◊ en medio de: en medio de tanta gente (in) among so many people;

    en medio de la confusión in o amid all the confusion;
    por medio (CS, Per): día/semana por medio every other day/week;
    dos casas por medio every two houses;
    por medio de (de proceso/técnica) by means of;
    por medio de tu primo from o through your cousin
    5
    a) (círculo, ámbito):

    ◊ en medios literarios/políticos in literary/political circles;

    no está en su medio he's out of his element
    b) (Biol) environment;


    medio ambiente environment;
    que no da daña el medio ambiente eco-friendly, environmentally friendly
    mediar verbo intransitivo
    1 (arbitrar, intervenir) to mediate: España mediará en el conflicto, Spain will mediate in the conflict
    2 (interceder) to intercede: mediará por ti, she'll intercede on your behalf
    3 (interponerse) media la circunstancia de que..., you must take into account that...
    4 (periodo de tiempo) to pass: mediaron un par de días, two days passed
    medio,-a
    I adjetivo
    1 (mitad) half: sólo queda medio melón, there is only half a melon left
    una hora y media, an hour and a half
    2 (no extremo) middle
    a media tarde, in the middle of the afternoon
    clase media, middle class
    punto medio, middle ground
    3 (prototípico) average: la calidad media es baja, the average quality is poor
    la mujer media, the average woman
    II adverbio half: el trabajo está medio hecho, the work is half done
    III sustantivo masculino
    1 (mitad) half
    2 (centro) middle
    en medio de la batalla, in the midst of the battle
    en medio de los árboles, among the trees
    (entre dos) in between the trees
    un barco en medio del desierto, a ship in the middle of the desert
    sal de ahí en medio, get out of the way
    3 (instrumento, vía) means: el fin no justifica los medios, the aim doesn't justify the means
    4 (entorno) enviroment
    un medio hostil, a hostile enviroment
    ' medio' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    achuchar
    - adivinarse
    - ambiente
    - calle
    - camino
    - coger
    - conducto
    - coralina
    - coralino
    - cuerpo
    - Ecuador
    - elemento
    - en
    - entorno
    - habitar
    - lado
    - locomoción
    - media
    - ocupante
    - odisea
    - oriente
    - perder
    - por
    - radical
    - recurso
    - sacar
    - tener
    - término
    - tierra
    - través
    - a
    - alzado
    - arma
    - atontado
    - caja
    - canal
    - derruido
    - destruir
    - día
    - efectivo
    - gusto
    - hombre
    - hostil
    - instrumento
    - ir
    - loco
    - Medio Oriente
    - mejor
    - menos
    - meter
    English:
    about
    - air
    - and
    - average
    - backdrop
    - between
    - bread
    - call away
    - canter
    - centre
    - cobble together
    - discern
    - East
    - end
    - environment
    - environmentalist
    - envoy
    - freight
    - half
    - half-dead
    - half-dressed
    - half-empty
    - half-full
    - half-open
    - half-serious
    - half-way
    - mean
    - means
    - medium
    - medium-term
    - mid
    - middle
    - Middle East
    - middleweight
    - midst
    - moderate
    - on
    - over
    - part
    - resource
    - Roman arch
    - rough up
    - sandwich course
    - scrum-half
    - semiliterate
    - shelf
    - slush
    - slushy
    - stimulate
    - television
    * * *
    medio, -a
    ♦ adj
    1. [igual a la mitad] half;
    media docena half a dozen;
    media hora half an hour;
    medio litro half a litre;
    el estadio registra media entrada the stadium is half full;
    medio pueblo estaba allí half the town was there;
    medio Quito se quedó sin electricidad half of Quito was left without electricity;
    la bandera ondeaba a media asta the flag was flying at half mast;
    a medio camino [en viaje] halfway there;
    [en trabajo] halfway through;
    a media luz in the half-light;
    nos salimos a media película we left halfway through the movie o Br film;
    como algo a media mañana I have something to eat halfway through the morning, I have a mid-morning snack;
    docena y media one and a half dozen;
    un kilo y medio one and a half kilos;
    son las dos y media it's half past two;
    son y media it's half past
    Andes, Méx, Ven medio fondo waist petticoat o slip;
    la media luna the crescent;
    la Media Luna Roja the Red Crescent;
    Fam Fig media naranja:
    mi/su/ etc[m5]. media naranja my/your/ etc other o better half;
    media pensión half board;
    CSur medio pupilo [que va a dormir a casa] day pupil; [que va a casa el fin de semana] boarder;
    media suela half-sole;
    media volea half volley
    2. [intermedio] [estatura, tamaño] medium;
    [posición, punto] middle;
    de una calidad media of average quality;
    a medio plazo in the medium term;
    de clase media middle-class;
    a media distancia in the middle distance
    medio campo midfield; Am medio tiempo half-time
    3. [de promedio] [temperatura, velocidad] average;
    Mat mean;
    el consumo medio de agua por habitante the average water consumption per head of the population;
    a una velocidad media de 50 km/h at an average speed of 50 km/h
    4. [corriente] ordinary, average;
    el ciudadano medio the average person, ordinary people
    ♦ adv
    half;
    medio borracho half drunk;
    estaba medio muerto he was half dead;
    a medio hacer half done;
    han dejado la obra a medio hacer they've left the building half finished;
    aún estoy a medio arreglar I'm only half ready;
    pasé la noche medio en vela I barely slept all night, I spent half the night awake
    ♦ nm
    1. [mitad] half;
    uno y medio one and a half
    2. [centro] middle, centre;
    íbamos por el carril del medio o [m5] de en medio we were driving in the middle lane;
    en medio (de) in the middle (of);
    estaba incómoda en medio de toda aquella gente I felt uncomfortable among all those people;
    está en medio de una profunda depresión she's in the middle of a deep depression;
    no se oía nada en medio de tanto ruido you couldn't hear a thing with all that noise;
    han puesto una valla en medio they've put a fence in the way;
    si te pones en medio no veo la tele I can't see the TV if you're in the way;
    quítate de en medio get out of the way;
    siempre tienes todas tus cosas por medio your things are always lying around all over the place;
    estar por (en) medio [estorbar] to be in the way;
    hay muchos intereses de por medio there are a lot of interests involved;
    meterse o [m5] ponerse (de) por medio [estorbar] to get in the way;
    Fig [entrometerse] to interfere;
    equivocarse de medio a medio to be completely wrong;
    Fam
    quitar de en medio a alguien to get rid of sb;
    quitarse de en medio [suicidarse] to do away with oneself
    3. [sistema, manera] means [singular or plural], method;
    utilice cualquier medio a su alcance use whatever means are available, use every means available;
    encontró un medio para pagar menos impuestos she found a way of paying less tax;
    no hay medio de convencerla she refuses to be convinced;
    por medio de by means of, through;
    ha encontrado trabajo por medio de un conocido she got a job through an acquaintance;
    por todos los medios by all possible means;
    intentaré conseguir ese trabajo por todos los medios I'll do whatever it takes to get that job;
    su medio de vida es la chatarra he earns his living from scrap metal
    los medios de comunicación the media;
    medios de producción means of production;
    medio de transporte means of transport o US transportation
    4.
    medios [recursos] means, resources;
    no cuenta con los medios económicos para realizarlo she lacks the means o the (financial) resources to do it
    5. [elemento físico] environment;
    animales que viven en el medio acuático animals that live in an aquatic environment
    medio ambiente environment; Biol medio de cultivo culture medium;
    medio físico physical environment
    6. [ámbito]
    el medio rural/urbano the countryside/city;
    en medios financieros/políticos in financial/political circles;
    en medios bien informados in well-informed circles
    7. Dep [en fútbol, hockey] midfielder;
    [en rugby] halfback medio (de) apertura [en rugby] fly half, stand-off;
    medio (de) melé [en rugby] scrum half
    8. Taurom
    los medios = centre of bullring
    9. Comp
    CSur Fam
    ni medio: no oye ni medio he's as deaf as a post;
    no entiende ni medio she hasn't got a clue;
    por medio: nado día por medio I swim every other day
    * * *
    I adj
    1 half;
    las tres y media half past three, three-thirty;
    2 tamaño medium
    3 (de promedio) average
    4 posición middle
    II m
    1 ( entorno) environment
    2 en fútbol midfielder
    3 ( centro) middle;
    en medio de in the middle of
    4 ( manera) means;
    por medio de by means of;
    medios pl dinero means, resources
    III adv half;
    hacer algo a medias half do sth;
    ir a medias go halves;
    a medio hacer half done;
    de medio a medio completely;
    día por medio L.Am. every other day;
    quitar de en medio algo fam move sth out of the way;
    quitarse de en medio get out of the way
    * * *
    medio adv
    1) : half
    está medio dormida: she's half asleep
    2) : rather, kind of
    está medio aburrida esta fiesta: this party is rather boring
    medio, - dia adj
    1) : half
    una media hora: half an hour
    medio hermano: half brother
    a media luz: in the half-light
    son las tres y media: it's half past three, it's three-thirty
    2) : midway, halfway
    a medio camino: halfway there
    3) : middle
    la clase media: the middle class
    4) : average
    la temperatura media: the average temperature
    medio nm
    1) centro: middle, center
    en medio de: in the middle of, amid
    2) ambiente: milieu, environment
    3) : medium, spiritualist
    4) : means pl, way
    por medio de: by means of
    los medios de comunicación: the media
    5) medios nmpl
    : means, resources
    * * *
    medio1 adj
    1. (mitad) half
    2. (promedio, normal) average
    medio2 adv half
    medio3 n
    1. (centro) middle
    2. (entorno) environment
    3. (recurso, método) means

    Spanish-English dictionary > medio

  • 5 Д-31

    КАК ДВАЖДЫ ДВА (ЧЕТЫРЕ) coll (как + NP these forms only fixed WO
    1. ясно, понятно - ( modif) absolutely, completely (clear, understandable)
    as clear (simple) as twice (two times) two makes (is) four
    as clear (plain) as can be (as) plain as day.
    Отдельно от общих... способностей ума, чувствительности, художнического чувства, существует частная, более или менее развитая в различных кружках общества и особенно в семействах, способность, которую я назову пониманием... Ни с кем, как с Володей, с которым мы развивались в одинаковых условиях, не довели мы этой способности до такой тонкости. Уже и папа давно отстал от нас, и многое, что для нас было так же ясно, как дважды два, было ему непонятно (Толстой 2). Apart from the general faculties..of intelligence, sensibility, and artistic feeling, there is a particular faculty, developed to a greater or lesser degree in various circles of society and especially in families, that I choose to call understanding... With no one was this faculty developed to such a pitch of subtlety as with Volodya and myself, who had grown up together in identical circumstances. Even Papa was far behind us in this respect and much that was as clear as twice two makes four to us was incomprehensible to him (2b).
    2. доказать, растолковать и т. п. - ( adv
    usu. used with pfv verbs) (to prove) convincingly, (to explain) clearly, completely: (prove) beyond a shadow of a doubt (make it) perfectly (clear) (make it clear) in no uncertain terms.... (Капитан) как дважды два объяснил Капе, что хотя она и является вольнонаемной, но служба в военном учреждении в военное время обязывает ее выполнять приказания беспрекословно, точно и в срок... (Войнович 2)...(The captain) made it perfectly clear to Кара that although she was a civilian her position in a military institution during wartime obliged her to carry out orders unquestioningly, to the letter and to the minute. (2a)
    3. ( adv
    used with pfv verbs, usu. fut) ( sth. will happen) definitely, certainly
    as sure as twice (two times) two makes (is) four
    as sure as I'm standing here as sure as God made little (green) apples.
    «Дело известное, что мужик: на новой земле, да заняться еще хлебопашеством, да ничего у него нет, ни избы, ни двора, убежит, как дважды два, навострит так лыжи, что и следа не отыщешь» (Гоголь 3). "You know perfectly well what a Russian peasant is like: settle him on new land and set him to till it, with nothing prepared for him, neither cottage nor farmstead, and, well, he'll run away, as sure as twice two makes four. He'll take to his heels and you won't find a trace of him" (3a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > Д-31

  • 6 как дважды два

    [ как + NP; these forms only; fixed WOl
    =====
    1. ясно, понятно - [modif]
    ⇒ absolutely, completely (clear, understandable):
    - (as) plain as day.
         ♦ Отдельно от общих... способностей ума, чувствительности, художнического чувства, существует частная, более или менее развитая в различных кружках общества и особенно в семействах, способность, которую я назову пониманием... Ни с кем, как с Володей, с которым мы развивались в одинаковых условиях, не довели мы этой способности до такой тонкости. Уже и папа давно отстал от нас, и многое, что для нас было так же ясно, как дважды два, было ему непонятно (Толстой 2). Apart from the general faculties..of intelligence, sensibility, and artistic feeling, there is a particular faculty, developed to a greater or lesser degree in various circles of society and especially in families, that I choose to call understanding... With no one was this faculty developed to such a pitch of subtlety as with Volodya and myself, who had grown up together in identical circumstances. Even Papa was far behind us in this respect and much that was as clear as twice two makes four to us was incomprehensible to him (2b).
    2. доказать, растолковать и т.п. как дважды два [adv; usu. used with pfv verbs]
    ⇒ (to prove) convincingly, (to explain) clearly, completely:
    - (make it clear) in no uncertain terms.
         ♦... [Капитан] как дважды два объяснил Капе, что хотя она и является вольнонаемной, но служба в военном учреждении в военное время обязывает ее выполнять приказания беспрекословно, точно и в срок... (Войнович 2)...[The captain] made it perfectly clear to Kapa that although she was a civilian her position in a military institution during wartime obliged her to carry out orders unquestioningly, to the letter and to the minute. (2a)
    3. [adv; used with pfv verbs, usu. fut]
    ⇒ (sth. will happen) definitely, certainly:
    - as sure as God made little (green) apples.
         ♦ "Дело известное, что мужик: на новой земле, да заняться еще хлебопашеством, да ничего у него нет, ни избы, ни двора, убежит, как дважды два, навострит так лыжи, что и следа не отыщешь" (Гоголь 3). "You know perfectly well what a Russian peasant is like: settle him on new land and set him to till it, with nothing prepared for him, neither cottage nor farmstead, and, well, he'll run away, as sure as twice two makes four. He'll take to his heels and you won't find a trace of him" (3a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > как дважды два

  • 7 как дважды два четыре

    [ как + NP; these forms only; fixed WOl
    =====
    1. ясно, понятно - [modif]
    ⇒ absolutely, completely (clear, understandable):
    - (as) plain as day.
         ♦ Отдельно от общих... способностей ума, чувствительности, художнического чувства, существует частная, более или менее развитая в различных кружках общества и особенно в семействах, способность, которую я назову пониманием... Ни с кем, как с Володей, с которым мы развивались в одинаковых условиях, не довели мы этой способности до такой тонкости. Уже и папа давно отстал от нас, и многое, что для нас было так же ясно, как дважды два, было ему непонятно (Толстой 2). Apart from the general faculties..of intelligence, sensibility, and artistic feeling, there is a particular faculty, developed to a greater or lesser degree in various circles of society and especially in families, that I choose to call understanding... With no one was this faculty developed to such a pitch of subtlety as with Volodya and myself, who had grown up together in identical circumstances. Even Papa was far behind us in this respect and much that was as clear as twice two makes four to us was incomprehensible to him (2b).
    2. доказать, растолковать и т.п. как дважды два четыре [adv; usu. used with pfv verbs]
    ⇒ (to prove) convincingly, (to explain) clearly, completely:
    - (make it clear) in no uncertain terms.
         ♦... [Капитан] как дважды два объяснил Капе, что хотя она и является вольнонаемной, но служба в военном учреждении в военное время обязывает ее выполнять приказания беспрекословно, точно и в срок... (Войнович 2)...[The captain] made it perfectly clear to Kapa that although she was a civilian her position in a military institution during wartime obliged her to carry out orders unquestioningly, to the letter and to the minute. (2a)
    3. [adv; used with pfv verbs, usu. fut]
    ⇒ (sth. will happen) definitely, certainly:
    - as sure as God made little (green) apples.
         ♦ "Дело известное, что мужик: на новой земле, да заняться еще хлебопашеством, да ничего у него нет, ни избы, ни двора, убежит, как дважды два, навострит так лыжи, что и следа не отыщешь" (Гоголь 3). "You know perfectly well what a Russian peasant is like: settle him on new land and set him to till it, with nothing prepared for him, neither cottage nor farmstead, and, well, he'll run away, as sure as twice two makes four. He'll take to his heels and you won't find a trace of him" (3a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > как дважды два четыре

  • 8 lugar

    m.
    1 place.
    en algún lugar somewhere
    no lo veo por ningún lugar I can't see it anywhere
    vuelve a ponerlo todo en su lugar put everything back where it belongs
    yo en tu lugar if I were you
    lugar de encuentro meeting place
    lugar de trabajo place of work
    2 place, town.
    las gentes del lugar the local people
    lugar de nacimiento place of birth
    3 position (post).
    en primer/segundo lugar in the first/second place, firstly/secondly
    4 room, space.
    aquí ya no hay lugar para más gente there's no room for anyone else here
    * * *
    1 (sitio, ciudad) place
    2 (posición, situación) place, position
    ■ ¿qué lugar ocupa en la empresa? what's her position in the company?
    3 (espacio) room, space
    \
    dar lugar a to give rise to
    dejar a alguien en mal lugar to make somebody look foolish, show somebody up
    en lugar de instead of
    fuera de lugar (descolocado) out of place 2 (inoportuno) inappropriate
    hacer lugar to make room
    no ha lugar la protesta objection overruled
    sin lugar a dudas undoubtedly
    tener lugar to take place
    lugar común commonplace
    * * *
    noun m.
    •
    - tener lugar
    * * *
    SM
    1) (=sitio) place

    • algún lugar — somewhere

    • los Santos Lugares — the Holy Places

    lugar común — cliché, commonplace

    composición 3)
    2) (=posición)
    a) [en lista, carrera, trabajo]

    • en primer lugar, se han clasificado en primer lugar — they have qualified in first place

    en primer lugar, me gustaría agradecer la invitación — first of all o firstly, I would like to thank you for inviting me

    b) (=situación)

    yo, en tu lugar, no iría — I wouldn't go if I were you

    en su lugar, ¡descanso! — (Mil) stand easy!

    • dejar a algn en buen/mal lugar — [comportamiento] to reflect well/badly on sb; [persona] to make sb look good/bad

    • estar fuera de lugar — to be out of place

    c)

    • en lugar de — instead of

    vino el portavoz en lugar del ministro — the spokesman came instead of the minister, the spokesman came in the minister's place

    ¿puedo asistir yo en su lugar? — can I go instead?

    en lugar de escribir, me llamó por teléfono — instead of writing, he called me

    en lugar de ir a la piscina, ¿por qué no vamos a la playa? — why don't we go to the beach instead of the swimming pool?

    3) (=ocasión) opportunity, chance

    • dar lugar a algo — to give rise to sth, lead to sth

    • dejar lugar a algo — to leave room for sth

    • sin lugar a dudas — without doubt, undoubtedly

    • no ha lugar, una reacción tan fuerte, francamente no ha lugar — there is no need for such a violent response

    -¡protesto! -no ha lugar — (Jur) "objection!" - "overruled"

    • tener lugar — to take place, happen, occur

    4) (=espacio) room, space

    ¿hay lugar? — is there any room?

    5) (=localidad) place

    En un lugar de la Mancha... — Somewhere in La Mancha...

    las gentes del lugar — the local people, the locals

    lugar de nacimiento — [gen] birthplace; [en impreso] place of birth

    * * *
    1) ( sitio) place
    2) (localidad, región)
    3)
    a) ( espacio libre) room

    hacer lugar para alguien/algo — to make room o space for somebody/something

    b) ( asiento) seat
    4)
    a) ( situación) place

    yo en tu lugar... — if I were you...

    b) (en organización, jerarquía) place

    se clasificó en primer/quinto lugar — she finished in first/fifth place

    5)

    dar lugar a — (a una disputa, a comentarios) to provoke, give rise to

    6) (Der)

    en primer lugar: se tratarán en primer lugar they will be dealt with first; en primer lugar porque... first of all o firstly because...; en último lugar: y en último lugar... and finally o lastly...; a como dé/diera lugar (AmL): se trata de venderlo a como dé lugar the idea is to sell it any way we can; a como diera lugar yo iba a entrar one way or another I was going to get in; dejar a alguien en mal lugar to put somebody in an awkward position; poner a alguien en su lugar to put somebody in her/his place; sin lugar a dudas without doubt, undoubtedly; tener lugar — to take place

    •
    * * *
    = area, locality, location, place, locus [loci, -pl.], site, spot, slot.
    Ex. The area in which standards for bibliographic description have had the most impact is in catalogues and catalogue record data bases.
    Ex. To overcome these problems users must think of all the various names that might have been applied, and must understand something of the geography and administration of the locality concerned.
    Ex. Having been alerted to the existence of a document, the user needs information concerning the actual location of the document, in order that the document may be read.
    Ex. Period and place can also be added to any heading, though there are restrictions on the latter: in certain subjects place takes preference over subject.
    Ex. The locus of government policy making has been shifted to the Ministry of Research and Technology.
    Ex. Here, families from many different communities were up-rooted and resettled on greenfield sites, many miles away from relatives and friends.
    Ex. There was also a spot from which, if you struck the floor with a hard rap of your heel, you could almost count the reverberations as the sound bounced from floor to ceiling to walls to floor.
    Ex. These frames are of different types and have slots also of different types, which can be filled by other frames.
    ----
    * asignar un lugar = give + Nombre + a place in.
    * auxiliares de lugar = area table.
    * cambiar de lugar = relocate, resite [re-site].
    * cambio de lugar = relocation.
    * cambio + tener lugar = change + take place.
    * colocación fuera de lugar = misplacement.
    * colocado en lugar erróneo = misplaced.
    * colocar en el lugar donde = put in + the place where.
    * colocar en su lugar = drop into + place.
    * colocar en un lugar = put into + place.
    * colocar en un lugar erróneo = misplace.
    * confinado a un lugar concreto = site-bound.
    * conseguir ocupar un lugar específico = secure + a niche.
    * Consejo Internacional de Museos y Lugares de Interés (ICOMS) = International Council of Museums and Sites (ICOMOS).
    * curso que tiene lugar fuera de la universidad = extension course, off-campus course.
    * dar lugar = produce.
    * dar lugar a = cause, generate, give + rise to, mean, result (in), leave + room for, bring about, lead to, cause, open + the door to, give + cause to, give + occasion to.
    * dar lugar a la reflexión = provide + food for thought.
    * dar lugar a problemas = give + rise to problems.
    * dar lugar a queja = evoke + complaint.
    * dar lugar a rumores = fuel + rumours, give + rise to rumours.
    * de lugares más distantes = from further afield.
    * demostrar sin lugar a dudas = prove + conclusively.
    * desplazarse de un lugar a otro = move from + place to place.
    * distribuido en varios lugares = multilocationed.
    * el lugar que le corresponde a = the due place of.
    * emplazado en un lugar lejano = outstation.
    * en algún lugar = somewhere, at some point.
    * en algún lugar (de por ahí) = somewhere out there.
    * encontrarse fuera de lugar = be out of + Posesivo + element, be out of place.
    * en cualquier lugar = everywhere, anywhere.
    * en cualquier otro lougar = everywhere else.
    * en cualquier otro lugar = anywhere else.
    * en cuarto lugar = fourthly.
    * en el lugar del accidente = at the scene of the accident.
    * en el lugar de los hechos = at the scene.
    * en lugar de = as opposed to, in place of, instead of, rather than, in lieu of.
    * en lugar del accidente = at the scene.
    * en lugar de otro = vicariously.
    * en lugares cerrados = indoors.
    * en ningún lugar = nowhere.
    * en otro lugar = elsewhere, off-site [offsite].
    * en primer lugar = firstly, in the first place, in the first instance, first and foremost, first off.
    * en quinto lugar = fifthly.
    * en segundo lugar = secondly, second-best [2nd-best], in the second place.
    * en su lugar = instead, in + Posesivo + stead.
    * en tercer lugar = thirdly, on the third hand.
    * en un lugar central = centrally located.
    * en un lugar céntrico = centrally located.
    * en un lugar diferente de = somewhere other than.
    * en un lugar distinto a = somewhere other than.
    * en un lugar seguro = in a safe place, in safekeeping.
    * estar en el lugar adecuado en el momento adecuado = be in the right place at the right time.
    * estar en el lugar indicado en el momento indicado = be in the right place at the right time.
    * estar en el lugar oportuno en el momento oportuno = be in the right place at the right time.
    * estar fuera de lugar = be out of place, be out of order.
    * fuera de lugar = out of place, uncalled-for.
    * gallito del lugar, el = cock-of-the-walk.
    * ganarse un lugar en el corazón de Alguien = win + a place in + heart.
    * habitante del lugar = local, local resident.
    * hacerse un lugar = carve out + a place.
    * hacer una marca para indicar el lugar donde uno se ha quedado leyendo = mark + Posesivo + place.
    * lugar acogedor = welcoming place.
    * lugar aglomerado = crowded quarter.
    * lugar ameno = locus amoenus.
    * lugar atrasado = backwater.
    * lugar común de alimentación = feeding ground.
    * lugar común de encuentro = meeting ground.
    * lugar cultural = cultural site.
    * lugar de acampada = campsite [camp site], camping site, campground.
    * lugar de aterrizaje = landing site, landing area.
    * lugar de celebración = venue.
    * lugar de celebración del congreso = conference venue.
    * lugar de cita = meeting ground.
    * lugar de cría = breeding ground, breeding area.
    * lugar de descanso = resting place.
    * lugar de diversión = playground.
    * lugar de encuentro = meeting place, meeting point, gathering place, tryst.
    * lugar de entretenimiento nocturno = night spot.
    * lugar de honor = pride of place.
    * lugar de impresión = place of printing.
    * lugar de interés = attraction, sight.
    * lugar del crimen = scene of the crime.
    * lugar de nacimiento = birthplace, place of birth.
    * lugar de origen = locality of origin.
    * lugar de parada = halting place.
    * lugar de pasto = feeding ground.
    * lugar de prueba alfa = alpha test site, alpha site.
    * lugar de prueba beta = beta test site.
    * lugar de pruebas = test site.
    * lugar de publicación = place of publication.
    * lugar de recogida = pick-up location, pick-up point, drop-off point.
    * lugar de residencia = place of residence.
    * lugar destacado = prime space.
    * lugar de trabajo = affiliation, institutional affiliation, working environment, workplace, work setting, place of work, worksite [work site], home institution.
    * lugar de trabajo del autor = author affiliation.
    * lugar de vacaciones = tourist destination.
    * lugar donde las aves pasan la noche = roost.
    * lugar donde pasar el rato = hang out.
    * lugar en el mercado de venta = market niche.
    * lugar en la ordenación = filing position.
    * lugar escondido = secluded spot.
    * lugares de interés = sights.
    * lugar específico = niche.
    * lugar físico = physical place.
    * lugar frecuentado = hang out.
    * lugar histórico = historic site, historical site.
    * lugar interesante = hot spot.
    * lugar oculto = hidden storage place, secret storage location, secret storage place, secret holding location, secret cell.
    * lugar para comer = eating facility.
    * lugar pintoresco = beauty spot.
    * lugar privilegiado = place in the sun.
    * lugar protegido = safe haven, safe harbour.
    * lugar público = public place.
    * lugar que le corresponde = Posesivo + rightful place.
    * lugar que nos corresponde = place in the sun.
    * lugar remoto = secluded spot.
    * lugar resguardado del viento y soleado = suntrap.
    * lugar seguro = safe haven, safe place.
    * lugar visible = prime space.
    * nombre de lugar = place name.
    * no tener lugar = fall through.
    * ocasión + dar lugar a = occasion + give rise to.
    * ocupar el lugar de = take + the place of.
    * ocupar el lugar de Alguien = take + Posesivo + place.
    * ocupar un lugar = hold + a place, occupy + place.
    * ocupar un lugar destacado para + Pronombre = stand + high on + Posesivo + list.
    * ocupar un lugar en una clasificación = rank.
    * ocupar un lugar importante = take + pride of place.
    * ocupar un lugar prioritario en los intereses de Alguien = rank + high on + Posesivo + agenda.
    * ocupar un lugar privilegiado = have + pride of place.
    * ocupar un primer lugar = stand + first.
    * ponerse en el lugar de = place + Reflexivo + in the position of, put + Reflexivo + in the position of.
    * ponerse en el lugar de Alguien = put + Reflexivo + in + Nombre/Posesivo + shoes, wear + Posesivo + shoes, walk in + Posesivo + shoes.
    * ponerse en lugar de Alguien = stand in + Posesivo + shoes.
    * primer lugar de consulta = first stop.
    * que huele a lugar cerrado = fusty.
    * que no aparece en primer lugar = nonfirst [non-first].
    * que tiene lugar una vez a la semana = once-weekly.
    * residente del lugar = local resident.
    * sentimiento de pertenecer a un lugar = sense of belonging.
    * sentirse fuera de lugar = feel + inadequate.
    * sin lugar a dudas = conclusively, undeniably, unquestionably, without any doubt, by all accounts, no mistake, no doubt, without a shadow of a doubt, beyond a shadow of a doubt, to be sure.
    * sistema en el que el documento aparece representado en un único lugar del ín = one-place system.
    * situado en primer lugar = top-rated.
    * situado en un lugar céntrico = centrally located.
    * situado en un lugar lejano = outstation.
    * tener lugar = take + place, go on, come to + pass.
    * TIP (El Lugar de Información) = TIP (The Information Place).
    * UF (úsese en lugar de) = UF (use for).
    * un buen lugar de partida = a good place to start.
    * variar de lugar a lugar = differ + from place to place.
    * variar de un lugar a otro = vary + from place to place.
    * visita con conferencia a varios lugares de un país = lecture tour.
    * zona central de un lugar = heartland.
    * * *
    1) ( sitio) place
    2) (localidad, región)
    3)
    a) ( espacio libre) room

    hacer lugar para alguien/algo — to make room o space for somebody/something

    b) ( asiento) seat
    4)
    a) ( situación) place

    yo en tu lugar... — if I were you...

    b) (en organización, jerarquía) place

    se clasificó en primer/quinto lugar — she finished in first/fifth place

    5)

    dar lugar a — (a una disputa, a comentarios) to provoke, give rise to

    6) (Der)

    en primer lugar: se tratarán en primer lugar they will be dealt with first; en primer lugar porque... first of all o firstly because...; en último lugar: y en último lugar... and finally o lastly...; a como dé/diera lugar (AmL): se trata de venderlo a como dé lugar the idea is to sell it any way we can; a como diera lugar yo iba a entrar one way or another I was going to get in; dejar a alguien en mal lugar to put somebody in an awkward position; poner a alguien en su lugar to put somebody in her/his place; sin lugar a dudas without doubt, undoubtedly; tener lugar — to take place

    •
    * * *
    = area, locality, location, place, locus [loci, -pl.], site, spot, slot.

    Ex: The area in which standards for bibliographic description have had the most impact is in catalogues and catalogue record data bases.

    Ex: To overcome these problems users must think of all the various names that might have been applied, and must understand something of the geography and administration of the locality concerned.
    Ex: Having been alerted to the existence of a document, the user needs information concerning the actual location of the document, in order that the document may be read.
    Ex: Period and place can also be added to any heading, though there are restrictions on the latter: in certain subjects place takes preference over subject.
    Ex: The locus of government policy making has been shifted to the Ministry of Research and Technology.
    Ex: Here, families from many different communities were up-rooted and resettled on greenfield sites, many miles away from relatives and friends.
    Ex: There was also a spot from which, if you struck the floor with a hard rap of your heel, you could almost count the reverberations as the sound bounced from floor to ceiling to walls to floor.
    Ex: These frames are of different types and have slots also of different types, which can be filled by other frames.
    * asignar un lugar = give + Nombre + a place in.
    * auxiliares de lugar = area table.
    * cambiar de lugar = relocate, resite [re-site].
    * cambio de lugar = relocation.
    * cambio + tener lugar = change + take place.
    * colocación fuera de lugar = misplacement.
    * colocado en lugar erróneo = misplaced.
    * colocar en el lugar donde = put in + the place where.
    * colocar en su lugar = drop into + place.
    * colocar en un lugar = put into + place.
    * colocar en un lugar erróneo = misplace.
    * confinado a un lugar concreto = site-bound.
    * conseguir ocupar un lugar específico = secure + a niche.
    * Consejo Internacional de Museos y Lugares de Interés (ICOMS) = International Council of Museums and Sites (ICOMOS).
    * curso que tiene lugar fuera de la universidad = extension course, off-campus course.
    * dar lugar = produce.
    * dar lugar a = cause, generate, give + rise to, mean, result (in), leave + room for, bring about, lead to, cause, open + the door to, give + cause to, give + occasion to.
    * dar lugar a la reflexión = provide + food for thought.
    * dar lugar a problemas = give + rise to problems.
    * dar lugar a queja = evoke + complaint.
    * dar lugar a rumores = fuel + rumours, give + rise to rumours.
    * de lugares más distantes = from further afield.
    * demostrar sin lugar a dudas = prove + conclusively.
    * desplazarse de un lugar a otro = move from + place to place.
    * distribuido en varios lugares = multilocationed.
    * el lugar que le corresponde a = the due place of.
    * emplazado en un lugar lejano = outstation.
    * en algún lugar = somewhere, at some point.
    * en algún lugar (de por ahí) = somewhere out there.
    * encontrarse fuera de lugar = be out of + Posesivo + element, be out of place.
    * en cualquier lugar = everywhere, anywhere.
    * en cualquier otro lougar = everywhere else.
    * en cualquier otro lugar = anywhere else.
    * en cuarto lugar = fourthly.
    * en el lugar del accidente = at the scene of the accident.
    * en el lugar de los hechos = at the scene.
    * en lugar de = as opposed to, in place of, instead of, rather than, in lieu of.
    * en lugar del accidente = at the scene.
    * en lugar de otro = vicariously.
    * en lugares cerrados = indoors.
    * en ningún lugar = nowhere.
    * en otro lugar = elsewhere, off-site [offsite].
    * en primer lugar = firstly, in the first place, in the first instance, first and foremost, first off.
    * en quinto lugar = fifthly.
    * en segundo lugar = secondly, second-best [2nd-best], in the second place.
    * en su lugar = instead, in + Posesivo + stead.
    * en tercer lugar = thirdly, on the third hand.
    * en un lugar central = centrally located.
    * en un lugar céntrico = centrally located.
    * en un lugar diferente de = somewhere other than.
    * en un lugar distinto a = somewhere other than.
    * en un lugar seguro = in a safe place, in safekeeping.
    * estar en el lugar adecuado en el momento adecuado = be in the right place at the right time.
    * estar en el lugar indicado en el momento indicado = be in the right place at the right time.
    * estar en el lugar oportuno en el momento oportuno = be in the right place at the right time.
    * estar fuera de lugar = be out of place, be out of order.
    * fuera de lugar = out of place, uncalled-for.
    * gallito del lugar, el = cock-of-the-walk.
    * ganarse un lugar en el corazón de Alguien = win + a place in + heart.
    * habitante del lugar = local, local resident.
    * hacerse un lugar = carve out + a place.
    * hacer una marca para indicar el lugar donde uno se ha quedado leyendo = mark + Posesivo + place.
    * lugar acogedor = welcoming place.
    * lugar aglomerado = crowded quarter.
    * lugar ameno = locus amoenus.
    * lugar atrasado = backwater.
    * lugar común de alimentación = feeding ground.
    * lugar común de encuentro = meeting ground.
    * lugar cultural = cultural site.
    * lugar de acampada = campsite [camp site], camping site, campground.
    * lugar de aterrizaje = landing site, landing area.
    * lugar de celebración = venue.
    * lugar de celebración del congreso = conference venue.
    * lugar de cita = meeting ground.
    * lugar de cría = breeding ground, breeding area.
    * lugar de descanso = resting place.
    * lugar de diversión = playground.
    * lugar de encuentro = meeting place, meeting point, gathering place, tryst.
    * lugar de entretenimiento nocturno = night spot.
    * lugar de honor = pride of place.
    * lugar de impresión = place of printing.
    * lugar de interés = attraction, sight.
    * lugar del crimen = scene of the crime.
    * lugar de nacimiento = birthplace, place of birth.
    * lugar de origen = locality of origin.
    * lugar de parada = halting place.
    * lugar de pasto = feeding ground.
    * lugar de prueba alfa = alpha test site, alpha site.
    * lugar de prueba beta = beta test site.
    * lugar de pruebas = test site.
    * lugar de publicación = place of publication.
    * lugar de recogida = pick-up location, pick-up point, drop-off point.
    * lugar de residencia = place of residence.
    * lugar destacado = prime space.
    * lugar de trabajo = affiliation, institutional affiliation, working environment, workplace, work setting, place of work, worksite [work site], home institution.
    * lugar de trabajo del autor = author affiliation.
    * lugar de vacaciones = tourist destination.
    * lugar donde las aves pasan la noche = roost.
    * lugar donde pasar el rato = hang out.
    * lugar en el mercado de venta = market niche.
    * lugar en la ordenación = filing position.
    * lugar escondido = secluded spot.
    * lugares de interés = sights.
    * lugar específico = niche.
    * lugar físico = physical place.
    * lugar frecuentado = hang out.
    * lugar histórico = historic site, historical site.
    * lugar interesante = hot spot.
    * lugar oculto = hidden storage place, secret storage location, secret storage place, secret holding location, secret cell.
    * lugar para comer = eating facility.
    * lugar pintoresco = beauty spot.
    * lugar privilegiado = place in the sun.
    * lugar protegido = safe haven, safe harbour.
    * lugar público = public place.
    * lugar que le corresponde = Posesivo + rightful place.
    * lugar que nos corresponde = place in the sun.
    * lugar remoto = secluded spot.
    * lugar resguardado del viento y soleado = suntrap.
    * lugar seguro = safe haven, safe place.
    * lugar visible = prime space.
    * nombre de lugar = place name.
    * no tener lugar = fall through.
    * ocasión + dar lugar a = occasion + give rise to.
    * ocupar el lugar de = take + the place of.
    * ocupar el lugar de Alguien = take + Posesivo + place.
    * ocupar un lugar = hold + a place, occupy + place.
    * ocupar un lugar destacado para + Pronombre = stand + high on + Posesivo + list.
    * ocupar un lugar en una clasificación = rank.
    * ocupar un lugar importante = take + pride of place.
    * ocupar un lugar prioritario en los intereses de Alguien = rank + high on + Posesivo + agenda.
    * ocupar un lugar privilegiado = have + pride of place.
    * ocupar un primer lugar = stand + first.
    * ponerse en el lugar de = place + Reflexivo + in the position of, put + Reflexivo + in the position of.
    * ponerse en el lugar de Alguien = put + Reflexivo + in + Nombre/Posesivo + shoes, wear + Posesivo + shoes, walk in + Posesivo + shoes.
    * ponerse en lugar de Alguien = stand in + Posesivo + shoes.
    * primer lugar de consulta = first stop.
    * que huele a lugar cerrado = fusty.
    * que no aparece en primer lugar = nonfirst [non-first].
    * que tiene lugar una vez a la semana = once-weekly.
    * residente del lugar = local resident.
    * sentimiento de pertenecer a un lugar = sense of belonging.
    * sentirse fuera de lugar = feel + inadequate.
    * sin lugar a dudas = conclusively, undeniably, unquestionably, without any doubt, by all accounts, no mistake, no doubt, without a shadow of a doubt, beyond a shadow of a doubt, to be sure.
    * sistema en el que el documento aparece representado en un único lugar del ín = one-place system.
    * situado en primer lugar = top-rated.
    * situado en un lugar céntrico = centrally located.
    * situado en un lugar lejano = outstation.
    * tener lugar = take + place, go on, come to + pass.
    * TIP (El Lugar de Información) = TIP (The Information Place).
    * UF (úsese en lugar de) = UF (use for).
    * un buen lugar de partida = a good place to start.
    * variar de lugar a lugar = differ + from place to place.
    * variar de un lugar a otro = vary + from place to place.
    * visita con conferencia a varios lugares de un país = lecture tour.
    * zona central de un lugar = heartland.

    * * *
    A (sitio) place
    no es éste el lugar ni el momento oportuno para hablar de ello this is neither the time nor the place to discuss it
    esto no está en su lugar this is not in its place, this is not where it should be o in the right place o where it belongs
    en cualquier otro lugar la gente se hubiera echado a la calle anywhere else o in any other country, people would have taken to the streets
    hemos cambiado los muebles de lugar we've moved the furniture around
    tiene que estar en algún lugar it must be somewhere
    guárdalo en un lugar seguro keep it in a safe place
    [ S ] consérvese en lugar fresco keep in a cool place
    se trasladaron al lugar del suceso they went to the scene of the incident
    ¿se te ocurre un lugar por aquí cerca donde podamos ir a comer? can you think of anywhere around here where we can go and eat?
    B
    (localidad, región): visité varios lugares I visited several places
    los habitantes del lugar the local inhabitants o people
    en un lugar de África somewhere in Africa
    lugar y fecha de nacimiento place and date of birth
    C
    1
    (espacio libre): ¿podrían hacer lugar para alguien más? could you make room o space for one more?
    no hay lugar para nada más there's no room for anything else
    aquí te dejé un lugar para que pongas tus cosas I left you some space here for you to put your things
    2 (asiento) seat
    D
    1 (situación) place
    ponte en mi lugar put yourself in my place
    yo en tu lugar no se lo diría I wouldn't tell her if I were you
    ¡ya quisiera verte en mi lugar! I'd like to see what you'd do in my place o position o ( colloq) shoes
    2 (en una organización, jerarquía) place
    el lugar que le corresponde her rightful place o position
    nadie puede ocupar el lugar de una madre nobody can take a mother's place
    según el lugar que ocupan en la lista according to their position on the list
    en quinto lugar se clasificó el equipo australiano the Australian team finished fifth o in fifth place o in fifth position
    E
    dar lugar a (a una disputa) to provoke, give rise to, spark off; (a comentarios) to give rise to, provoke
    han dado lugar a que la gente hable their behavior has got o set people talking
    F ( Der):
    no ha lugar la protesta the objection is overruled
    G ( en locs):
    en lugar de instead of
    fue él en lugar de su hermano he went instead of his brother o in his brother's place
    en lugar de hablar tanto podrías ayudar un poco instead of talking so much you might help a bit
    ¿puede firmar ella en mi lugar? can she sign for me o on my behalf
    ¿y si en lugar de ir nosotros viene él aquí? and how about him coming here rather than us going there?
    en primer/segundo/último lugar: los temas que serán tratados en primer lugar the topics which will be dealt with first
    no estoy de acuerdo, en primer lugar porque … I don't agree, first of all o firstly because …
    y en último lugar, hablaremos de las posibles soluciones and finally o lastly, we will discuss possible solutions
    a como dé/diera lugar ( AmL): se trata de venderlo a como dé lugar the idea is to sell it however possible o however they can
    a como diera lugar yo iba a entrar al concierto one way or another I was going to get into the concert
    dejar a algn en mal lugar to put sb in an awkward position
    no dejar lugar a dudas: lo dijo con tal convicción que no dejó lugar a dudas sobre su sinceridad she said it with such conviction that there could be no doubt about her sincerity
    poner a algn en su lugar to put sb in her/his place
    sin lugar a dudas without doubt, undoubtedly
    tener lugar to take place
    un lugar para cada cosa y cada cosa en su lugar a place for everything and everything in its place
    Compuestos:
    cliché, commonplace
    locus
    * * *

     

    lugar sustantivo masculino
    1 ( en general) place;

    en cualquier otro lugar anywhere else;
    en algún lugar somewhere;
    cambiar los muebles de lugar to move the furniture around;
    el lugar del suceso the scene of the incident;
    yo en tu lugar … if I were you …;
    ponte en mi lugar put yourself in my place;
    se clasificó en primer lugar she finished in first place
    2 (localidad, región):

    lugar y fecha de nacimiento place and date of birth
    3

    ◊ hacer lugar para algn/algo to make room o space for sb/sth;

    me hizo un lugar he made me some room

    4
    ◊ dar lugar a (a disputa, comentarios) to provoke, give rise to

    5 ( en locs)

    ella firmó en mi lugar she signed on my behalf;
    en primer lugar ( antes que nada) first of all, firstly;
    en último lugar ( finalmente) finally, lastly;
    sin lugar a dudas without doubt, undoubtedly;
    tener lugar to take place
    lugar sustantivo masculino
    1 place
    la gente del lugar, the local people
    en algún lugar del cuerpo/libro, in some part of the body/book
    2 (ocasión) time: no hubo lugar para ello, there was no occasion for it
    3 (motivo) occasion: dio lugar a un malentendido, it gave rise to a misunderstanding
    ♦ Locuciones: sentirse fuera de lugar to feel out of place
    tener lugar, to take place
    en lugar de, instead of
    en mi/tu/su lugar..., if I/you/he were me/you/him...
    en primer lugar, in the first place, firstly
    sin lugar a dudas, without a doubt
    ' lugar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    abandonada
    - abandonado
    - abandono
    - abrigo
    - acogedor
    - acogedora
    - acuartelamiento
    - acudir
    - airear
    - alejada
    - alejado
    - allá
    - allí
    - antesala
    - apartada
    - apartado
    - aquí
    - archivo
    - arena
    - atrás
    - baja
    - bajo
    - botar
    - cabida
    - caer
    - celebrarse
    - colocarse
    - continuar
    - damnificada
    - damnificado
    - darse
    - definitivamente
    - dejar
    - delante
    - dentro
    - deprimida
    - deprimido
    - derecha
    - desalojo
    - desamparada
    - desamparado
    - desarrollarse
    - desencadenar
    - desencajada
    - desencajado
    - desentonar
    - desfilar
    - designar
    - deslizarse
    - despacho
    English:
    abroad
    - agree
    - be
    - beauty spot
    - birthplace
    - breeding ground
    - burial
    - celebrate
    - change
    - climb
    - come off
    - commonplace
    - commuter
    - dental surgery
    - designate
    - desolation
    - divert
    - drive-through
    - elsewhere
    - equatorial
    - erect
    - everyplace
    - ex
    - first
    - firstly
    - foremost
    - haunt
    - high
    - homeland
    - in-service
    - inch
    - innermost
    - innocent
    - instead
    - introduction
    - landmark
    - last
    - lie
    - lieu
    - live in
    - liven
    - location
    - lookout
    - Mecca
    - midterm
    - misplaced
    - mournful
    - move back
    - occupy
    - palace
    * * *
    ♦ nm
    1. [sitio] place;
    [del crimen, accidente] scene; [para acampar, merendar] spot;
    encontraron una pistola en el lugar de los hechos they found a gun at the crime scene o scene of the crime;
    ¿en qué lugar habré metido las tijeras? where can I have put the scissors?;
    en algún lugar somewhere;
    no lo veo por ningún lugar I can't see it anywhere;
    vuelve a ponerlo todo en su lugar put everything back where it belongs;
    he cambiado el televisor de lugar I've moved the television;
    estoy buscando un lugar donde pasar la noche I'm looking for somewhere to spend the night;
    éste no es (el) lugar para discutir eso this is not the place to discuss that
    lugar de anidación nesting site;
    lugar de encuentro meeting place;
    lugar de interés place of interest;
    lugar de reunión meeting place;
    lugar sagrado sanctum;
    lugar de trabajo workplace
    2. [localidad] place, town;
    las gentes del lugar the local people;
    ni los más viejos del lugar recuerdan algo semejante not even the oldest people there can remember anything like it
    lugar de nacimiento [en biografía] birthplace; [en formulario, impreso] place of birth;
    lugar de residencia [en formulario, impreso] place of residence;
    lugar turístico Br holiday o US vacation resort;
    lugar de veraneo summer resort
    3. [puesto] position;
    ocupa un lugar importante en la empresa she has an important position in the company, she is high up in the company;
    ¿puedes ir tú en mi lugar? can you go in my place?;
    en primer/segundo lugar, quiero decir… in the first/second place, I would like to say…, firstly/secondly, I would like to say…;
    llegó en primer/segundo lugar she finished o came first/second;
    en último lugar, quiero decir… lastly o last, I would like to say…;
    llegó en último lugar she came last;
    ponte en mi lugar put yourself in my place;
    yo en tu lugar if I were you
    4. [espacio libre] room, space;
    esta mesa ocupa mucho lugar this table takes up a lot of room o space;
    aquí ya no hay lugar para más gente there's no room for anyone else here;
    hacerle lugar a algo/alguien to make room o some space for sth/sb
    5. lugar común platitude, commonplace
    6. [ocasión]
    dar lugar a [rumores, comentarios, debate, disputa] to give rise to;
    [polémica] to spark off, to give rise to; [catástrofe] to lead to, to cause; [explosión, escape] to cause; Am
    a como dé lugar whatever the cost, whatever it takes;
    Der
    no ha lugar objection overruled;
    no hay lugar a duda there's no (room for) doubt;
    sin lugar a dudas without doubt, undoubtedly
    7.
    tener lugar to take place;
    la recepción tendrá lugar en los jardines del palacio the reception will be held in the palace gardens
    8. Comp
    dejar en buen lugar: el cantante mexicano dejó en buen lugar a su país the Mexican singer did his country proud;
    dejar en mal lugar: no nos dejes en mal lugar y pórtate bien be good and don't show us up;
    estar fuera de lugar to be out of place;
    poner a alguien en su lugar to put sb in his/her place;
    poner las cosas en su lugar to set things straight
    ♦ en lugar de loc prep
    instead of;
    acudió en lugar de mí she came in my place o instead of me;
    en lugar de la sopa, tomaré pasta I'll have the pasta instead of the soup;
    en lugar de mirar, podrías echarnos una mano you could give us a hand rather than o instead of just standing/sitting there watching
    * * *
    m place;
    en lugar de instead of;
    en primer lugar in the first place, first(ly);
    fuera de lugar out of place;
    yo en tu lugar if I were you, (if I were) in your place;
    ponte en mi lugar put yourself in my place;
    dar lugar a give rise to;
    tener lugar take place;
    sin lugar a dudas without a doubt
    * * *
    lugar nm
    1) : place, position
    se llevó el primer lugar en su división: she took first place in her division
    2) espacio: space, room
    3)
    dar lugar a : to give rise to, to lead to
    4)
    en lugar de : instead of
    5)
    lugar común : cliché, platitude
    6)
    tener lugar : to take place
    * * *
    lugar n place
    un lugar donde sentarse a place to sit / somewhere to sit
    dar lugar a to give rise to [pt. gave; pp. given]
    en primer lugar firstly / first of all

    Spanish-English dictionary > lugar

  • 9 संज्ञा _sañjñā

    1
    संज्ञा 9 Ā.
    1 To know, understand, be aware of.
    -2 To recognize.
    -3 To live in harmony, agree together (with acc. or instr.); पित्रा पितरं वा संजानीते Sk.
    -4 To watch, be on the alert; संजानानान् परिहरन् रावणानुचरान् बहून् Bk.8.27.
    -5 To accede or agree to.
    -6 To re- member, think of (Paras); मातुः मातरं वा संजानाति Sk.
    -7 To direct, appoint. Caus.
    1 To inform.
    -2 To appease, gratify, console.
    -3 (a) To quiet, pacify (a sacrificial animal). (b) To kill.
    -4 To command, enjoin.
    -5 To animate.
    -6 To make intelligible, cause to be understood, inform.
    -7 To make a sign to (any one), communicate by signs.
    2
    संज्ञा 1 Consciousness, अकरुण पुनः संज्ञाव्याधिं विधाय किमीहसे Māl.9.42; रतिखेदसमुत्पन्ना निद्रा संज्ञाविपर्ययः Ku.6.44. संज्ञा लभ्, आपद् or प्रतिपद् 'to regain or recover one's con- sciousness, come to one's senses'.
    -2 Knowledge, under- standing; नायका मम सैन्यस्य संज्ञार्थं तान् व्रवीमि ते Bg.1.7; Mb.12.153.63.
    -3 Intellect, mind; लोकतन्त्रं हि संज्ञाश्च सर्वमन्ने प्रतिष्ठितम् Mb.13.63.5.
    -4 A hint, sign, token, gesture; मुखापिंतैकाङ्गुलिसंज्ञयैव मा चापलायेति गणान् व्यनैषीत् Ku.3.41; उपलभ्य ततश्च धर्मसंज्ञाम् Bu. Ch.5.21; Bhāg. 6.7.17.
    -5 A name, designation, an appellation; oft. at the end of comp. in this sense; द्वन्द्वैर्विमुक्ताः सुखदुःखसंज्ञैः Bg.15.5.
    -6 (In gram.) Any name or noun having a special meaning, a proper name.
    -7 The technical name for an affix.
    -8 The Gāyatrī Mantra; see गायत्री.
    -9 A track, footstep.
    -1 Direction.
    -11 A technical term.
    -12 N. of the daughter of Viśvakarman and wife of the sun, and mother of Yama, Yamī, and the two Aśvins. [A legend relates that संज्ञा on one occa- sion wished to go to her father's house and asked her husband's permission, which was not granted. Resol- ved to carry out her purpose, she created, by means of her superhuman power, a woman exactly like herself --who was, as it were, her own shadow (and was therefore called Chhāyā), --and putting her in her own place, went away without the knowledge of the sun. Chhāya bore to the sun three children (see छाया), and lived quite happily with him, so that when Saṁjñā returned, he would not admit her. Thus re- pudiated and disappointed, she assumed the form of a mare and roamed over the earth. The sun, how- ever, in course of time, came to know the real state of things, and discovered that his wife had assumed the form of a mare. He accordingly assumed the form of a horse, and was united with his wife, who bore to him, two sons--the Aśvinīkumāras or Aśvins q. v.]
    -Comp. -अधिकारः a leading rule which gives a parti- cular name to the rules falling under it, and which exercises influence over them.
    -विपर्ययः loss of conscious- ness; रतिखेदसमुत्पन्ना निद्रा संज्ञाविपर्ययः Ku.6.44.
    -विषयः an epithet, an attribute.
    -सुतः an epithet of Saturn.
    -सूत्रम् any Sūtra which teaches the meaning of a technical term.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > संज्ञा _sañjñā

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