-
21 by
by [baɪ]de côté ⇒ 1 (b) près de ⇒ 2 (a) au bord de ⇒ 2 (a) devant ⇒ 2 (b) par ⇒ 2 (c)-(f), 2 (h), 2 (o), 2 (q) à ⇒ 2 (d), 2 (p), 2 (q) en ⇒ 2 (d), 2 (q) de ⇒ 2 (g), 2 (m), 2 (n)1 adverb∎ she drove by without stopping elle est passée (en voiture) sans s'arrêter;∎ he managed to squeeze by il a réussi à passer (en se faufilant);∎ if you see him, just walk on by si tu le vois, ne t'arrête pas;∎ two hours have gone by deux heures ont passé;∎ as time went by he became less bitter avec le temps il est devenu moins amer(b) (aside, away) de côté;∎ to lay or put sth by mettre qch de côté;∎ she put some money by for her old age elle a mis de l'argent de côté pour ses vieux jours∎ is there a bank close by? y a-t-il une banque près d'ici?;∎ she sat or stood by while they operated elle est restée là pendant qu'ils opéraient;∎ figurative how can you just sit or stand by while he suffers? comment peux-tu rester là sans rien faire alors qu'il souffre?;∎ stand by in case of an emergency ne vous éloignez pas au cas où il y aurait une urgence(d) (to, at someone's home)∎ I'll stop or drop by this evening je passerai ce soir;∎ your mother came by this morning ta mère est passée ce matin(a) (near, beside) près de, à côté de;∎ by a stream au bord ou près d'un ruisseau;∎ by the sea au bord de la mer;∎ she parked her car by the kerb elle gara sa voiture au bord du trottoir;∎ come and sit by me or my side viens t'asseoir près ou auprès de moi;∎ sitting by the fire assis près du feu;∎ don't stand by the door ne restez pas debout près de la porte∎ she walked right by me elle passa juste devant moi;∎ I drive by the school every day je passe (en voiture) devant l'école tous les jours∎ she left by the back door elle est partie par la porte de derrière(d) (indicating means, method)∎ to pay by cheque payer par chèque;∎ by letter/phone par courrier/téléphone;∎ to go by bus/car/plane/train aller en autobus/voiture/avion/train;∎ send it by plane/ship envoyez-le par avion/bateau;∎ by land/sea par (voie de) terre/mer;∎ by land and sea par terre et par mer;∎ it's quicker by train ça va plus vite en train;∎ I know her by name/sight je la connais de nom/vue;∎ literary he died by his own hand il est mort de sa propre main;∎ you must wash it by hand il faut le laver à la main;∎ was it made by hand/machine? a-t-il été fait à la main/machine?;∎ by candlelight à la lumière d'une bougie;∎ by moonlight au clair de lune;∎ I can do it by myself je peux le faire (tout) seul;∎ I'm all by myself tonight je suis tout seul ce soir∎ it was built by the Romans il fut construit par les Romains;∎ the house was surrounded by the police la police a cerné la maison;∎ I was shocked by his reaction sa réaction m'a choqué;∎ she had two daughters by him elle a eu deux filles de lui;∎ she has a daughter by her first marriage/husband elle a une fille de son premier mariage/mari∎ by chance/mistake par hasard/erreur;∎ by working overtime he managed to pay off his debts en faisant des heures supplémentaires il a réussi à rembourser ses dettes;∎ I'll lose by doing it j'y perdrai;∎ he learned to cook by watching his mother il a appris à faire la cuisine en regardant sa mère∎ a book by Toni Morrison un livre de Toni Morrison;∎ a quartet by Schubert un quatuor de Schubert(h) (indicating part of person, thing held) par;∎ carry it by the handle prends-le par la poignée;∎ she took her by the hand elle l'a prise par la main;∎ he seized him by the collar il l'a saisi par le col(i) (not later than, before)∎ she'll be here by tonight/five o'clock elle sera ici avant ce soir/pour cinq heures;∎ it must be done by tomorrow ça doit être fait pour demain;∎ I'll have finished by Friday j'aurai fini pour vendredi;∎ by the end of the 21st century illiteracy should be stamped out d'ici la fin du XXIème siècle l'analphabétisme devrait avoir disparu;∎ by 1960 most Americans had television sets en 1960 la plupart des Américains avaient déjà un poste de télévision;∎ by the time you read this letter I'll be in California lorsque tu liras cette lettre, je serai en Californie;∎ by the time the police came the thieves had left le temps que la police arrive ou lorsque la police arriva, les voleurs étaient déjà partis;∎ he should be in India by now il devrait être en Inde maintenant;∎ she had already married by then à ce moment-là elle était déjà mariée∎ by daylight au jour, à la lumière du jour;∎ he works by night and sleeps by day il travaille la nuit et dort le jour(k) (according to) d'après;∎ to call sb by his/her name appeler qn par son nom;∎ they're rich, even by American standards ils sont riches même par rapport aux normes américaines;∎ it's 6:15 by my watch il est 6 heures 15 à ou d'après ma montre;∎ you can tell he's lying by the expression on his face on voit qu'il ment à l'expression de son visage(l) (in accordance with) selon, d'après;∎ by law selon ou d'après la loi;∎ Sport & figurative to play by the rules faire les choses dans les règles(m) (with regard to) de;∎ to do one's duty by sb faire son devoir envers qn;∎ she's Canadian by birth elle est canadienne de naissance;∎ cheerful by nature gai par nature, d'un naturel gai;∎ he's an actor by trade or profession il est acteur de profession;∎ familiar it's all right by me moi, je suis d'accord ou je n'ai rien contre;∎ familiar if that's okay by you si ça te va, si tu es d'accord□(n) (indicating degree, extent) de;∎ Sport she won by five points elle a gagné de cinq points;∎ I missed the train by less than a minute j'ai manqué le train de moins d'une minute;∎ she's older than her husband by five years elle est plus âgée que son mari de cinq ans;∎ increase your income by half augmentez vos revenus de 50 pour cent;∎ they overcharged me by ten percent ils m'ont compté dix pour cent en trop;∎ his second book is better by far son deuxième livre est nettement meilleur(o) (in calculations, measurements)∎ multiply/divide 12 by 6 multipliez/divisez 12 par 6;∎ the room is 6 metres by 3 (metres) la pièce fait 6 mètres sur 3 (mètres)(p) (indicating specific amount, duration)∎ to be paid by the hour/week/month être payé à l'heure/à la semaine/au mois;∎ Commerce they only sell by the kilo ils ne vendent qu'au kilo;∎ Commerce it sold by the thousand ça s'est vendu par milliers;∎ he rents his room by the week il loue sa chambre à la semaine∎ little by little peu à peu;∎ day by day jour par jour, de jour en jour;∎ year by year d'année en année;∎ two by two deux par deux∎ north by west nord-quart-nord-ouestliterary bientôt1 adverbà propos∎ that's by the by ça n'a pas d'importance -
22 dry
1. adjective1) (having little, or no, moisture, sap, rain etc: The ground is very dry; The leaves are dry and withered; I need to find dry socks for the children.) seco2) (uninteresting and not lively: a very dry book.) aburrido3) ((of humour or manner) quiet, restrained: a dry wit.) agudo, mordaz4) ((of wine) not sweet.) seco
2. verb(to (cause to) become dry: I prefer drying dishes to washing them; The clothes dried quickly in the sun.) secar- dried- drier
- dryer
- drily
- dryly
- dryness
- dry-clean
- dry land
- dry off
- dry up
dry1 adj secois the washing dry? ¿está seca la ropa?dry2 vb secartr[draɪ]2 (cow) sin leche, que no da leche3 (dull, uninteresting) aburrido,-a, árido,-a4 (amusing, ironic) agudo,-a, mordaz, cáustico,-a1 (gen) secar1 (become dry) secarse ( off, -)1 (Also to dry up) (dry the dishes) secar (los platos)\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLthere wasn't a dry eye in the house no hubo quien no lloraraas dry as a bone completamente seco,-aas dry as dust muy árido,-ato be dry / feel dry (thirsty) tener la garganta seca, tener sedto dry one's eyes enjugarse las lágrimasto dry oneself (off) secarseto run dry (river, well) secarseto wipe something dry secar algodry dock dique nombre masculino secodry goods SMALLBRITISH ENGLISH/SMALL comestibles nombre masculino plural no perecederos 2 SMALLAMERICAN ENGLISH/SMALL artículos nombre masculino plural de merceríadry ice hielo secodry land tierra firmedry rot putrefacción nombre femenino de la maderadry run simulacro: secardry vi: secarse1) : seco2) thirsty: sediento3) : donde la venta de bebidas alcohólicas está prohibidaa dry county: un condado seco4) dull: aburrido, árido5) : seco (dícese del vino), brut (dícese de la champaña)adj.• enjuto, -a adj.• seco, -a adj.• sediento, -a adj.• árido, -a adj.n.• sequedal s.m.v.• acecinar v.• desecar v.• enjugar v.• enjutar v.• quemar v.• quemarse v.• secar v.draɪ
I
adjective drier, driest1)a) ( not wet) <ground/washing> secob) ( lacking natural moisture) <leaves/skin/hair> seco; < cough> secothere wasn't a dry eye in the house — (set phrase) no hubo quien no llorara
c) ( dried-up) <well/river> secoto run dry — \<\<river/well\>\> secarse*
d) (not rainy, not humid) <climate/weather/heat> secoe) ( using no fluid) < cell> seco2) ( prohibiting sale of alcohol) <state/county> seco, donde está prohibida la venta de bebidas alcohólicas4)a) ( ironic) <humor/wit> mordaz, cáusticob) ( lacking warmth) <laugh/style> seco5) (dull, boring) <lecture/book> árido
II
1.
dries, drying, dried transitive verba) \<\<clothes/crockery\>\> secar*to dry oneself — secarse*
to dry one's eyes/tears — secarse* or (liter) enjugarse* las lágrimas
b) ( preserve) \<\<fish/fruit/meat\>\> secar*
2.
vi \<\<washing/dishes/paint\>\> secarse*Phrasal Verbs:- dry off- dry out- dry up[draɪ]1. ADJ(compar drier) (superl driest)1) (=not moist) [clothes, paint, leaves, weather] seco; [climate] árido, secoher throat/mouth was dry, she had a dry throat/mouth — tenía la garganta/boca seca
her eyes were dry — (=without tears) no había lágrimas en sus ojos
for dry skin/hair — para piel seca/pelo seco
•
to get dry — secarse•
to wipe sth dry — secar algo (con un trapo)2) * (=thirsty)to be or feel dry — tener sed, estar seco *
3) * (=prohibiting alcohol) [country, state] secodue to a storm, the island was dry for a week — a causa de una tormenta, durante una semana no hubo ni una gota de alcohol en la isla
4) (=wry) [humour, wit] mordaz; [laugh] sardónicohe has a very dry sense of humour — tiene un sentido del humor muy mordaz or cargado de ironía
5) (=harsh)6) (=uninteresting) [lecture, subject, book] árido; [voice] seco7) (=not sweet) [wine, sherry, cider] seco; [champagne] brut, seco8) (=not producing milk)2.Nthe dry — (Brit) lo seco
such cars grip the road well, even in the dry — estos coches se agarran bien al firme, incluso en seco
3.VT secarto dry one's hands/eyes — secarse las manos/las lágrimas
to dry o.s. — secarse
4. VI1) (=become dry) secarsewould you rather wash or dry? — ¿prefieres lavar o secar?
2) (esp Brit) (Theat) quedarse en blanco5.CPDdry cleaner's N — tintorería f, tinte m (Sp)
dry cleaning N — limpieza f en seco
dry fly N — (Fishing) mosca f seca
dry ginger N — ginebra f seca
dry goods store N — (US) mercería f
dry measure N — medida f para áridos
dry rot N — putrefacción seca de la madera causada por un hongo
dry run N — (fig) ensayo m
dry shampoo N — champú m seco
dry shave N —
dry ski slope N — pista f artificial de esquí
dry stone wall N — muro m seco
- dry off- dry out- dry up* * *[draɪ]
I
adjective drier, driest1)a) ( not wet) <ground/washing> secob) ( lacking natural moisture) <leaves/skin/hair> seco; < cough> secothere wasn't a dry eye in the house — (set phrase) no hubo quien no llorara
c) ( dried-up) <well/river> secoto run dry — \<\<river/well\>\> secarse*
d) (not rainy, not humid) <climate/weather/heat> secoe) ( using no fluid) < cell> seco2) ( prohibiting sale of alcohol) <state/county> seco, donde está prohibida la venta de bebidas alcohólicas4)a) ( ironic) <humor/wit> mordaz, cáusticob) ( lacking warmth) <laugh/style> seco5) (dull, boring) <lecture/book> árido
II
1.
dries, drying, dried transitive verba) \<\<clothes/crockery\>\> secar*to dry oneself — secarse*
to dry one's eyes/tears — secarse* or (liter) enjugarse* las lágrimas
b) ( preserve) \<\<fish/fruit/meat\>\> secar*
2.
vi \<\<washing/dishes/paint\>\> secarse*Phrasal Verbs:- dry off- dry out- dry up -
23 give
give [gɪv]donner ⇒ 1A (a)-(c), 1B (b)-(d), 1C (a), 1C (d), 1C (e), 1D (a), 1D (c)-(f), 2 (a) offrir ⇒ 1A (a), 1A (c) conférer ⇒ 1B (a) imposer ⇒ 1C (b) reconnaître ⇒ 1C (f) faire ⇒ 1D (a)-(c), 1D (f) s'affaisser ⇒ 2D (b) élasticité ⇒ 3A.∎ I gave him the book, I gave the book to him je lui ai donné le livre;∎ we gave our host a gift nous avons offert un cadeau à notre hôte;∎ the family gave the paintings to the museum la famille a fait don des tableaux au musée;∎ he gave his daughter in marriage il a donné sa fille en mariage;∎ she gave him her hand (to hold) elle lui a donné ou tendu la main; (in marriage) elle lui a accordé sa main;∎ literary to give oneself to sb se donner à qn;∎ I give you the newlyweds! (in toast) je lève mon verre au bonheur des nouveaux mariés!;∎ I gave him my coat to hold je lui ai confié mon manteau;∎ she gave them her trust elle leur a fait confiance, elle leur a donné sa confiance;∎ familiar give it all you've got! mets-y le paquet!;∎ familiar I'll give you something to cry about! je vais te donner une bonne raison de pleurer, moi!;∎ give it to them! allez-y!;∎ familiar I gave him what for! (reprimanded him) je lui ai passé un savon!;∎ familiar caviare on toast? I'll give him caviare on toast! (in annoyance at request) du caviar et des toasts! je vais lui en donner, moi, du caviar et des toasts!(b) (grant → right, permission, importance) donner;∎ give the matter your full attention prêtez une attention toute particulière à cette affaire;∎ he gave your suggestion careful consideration il a considéré votre suggestion avec beaucoup d'attention;∎ Law the court gave her custody of the child la cour lui a accordé la garde de l'enfant;∎ she hasn't given her approval yet elle n'a pas encore donné son consentement(c) (provide with → drink, food) donner, offrir; (→ lessons, classes, advice) donner; (→ help) prêter;∎ give our guests something to eat/drink donnez à manger/à boire à nos invités;∎ we gave them lunch nous les avons invités ou nous leur avons fait à déjeuner;∎ I think I'll give them beef for lunch je crois que je vais leur faire du bœuf au déjeuner;∎ let me give you some advice laissez-moi vous donner un conseil;∎ I gave her the biggest bedroom je lui ai donné la plus grande chambre;∎ they're giving us a pay rise ils nous donnent une augmentation de salaire;∎ an investment that gives 10 percent un placement qui rend ou rapporte 10 pour cent;∎ the children can wash up, it will give them something to do les enfants peuvent faire la vaisselle, ça les occupera;∎ she gave him two lovely daughters elle lui a donné deux adorables filles;∎ to give a child a name donner un nom à un enfant;∎ to give sb/sth one's support soutenir qn/qch;∎ do you give a discount? faites-vous des tarifs préférentiels?;∎ this lamp gives a poor light cette lampe éclaire mal;∎ give me time to think donnez-moi ou laissez-moi le temps de réfléchir;∎ she didn't give him time to say no elle ne lui a pas laissé le temps de dire non;∎ just give me time! sois patient!;∎ we were given a choice on nous a fait choisir;∎ give me a chance! donne-moi une chance!;∎ such talent is not given to us all nous n'avons pas tous un tel talent;∎ familiar give me classical music any day! à mon avis rien ne vaut la musique classique!□B.(a) (confer → award) conférer;∎ they gave her an honorary degree ils lui ont conféré un diplôme honorifique(b) (dedicate) donner, consacrer;∎ she gave all she had to the cause elle s'est entièrement consacrée à cette cause;∎ can you give me a few minutes? pouvez-vous m'accorder ou me consacrer quelques instants?;∎ he gave his life to save the child il est mort ou il a donné sa vie pour sauver l'enfant;∎ I've given you six years of my life je t'ai donné six ans de ma vie;∎ she gave this job the best years of her life elle a consacré à ce travail les plus belles années de sa vie∎ I gave him my sweater in exchange for his gloves je lui ai échangé mon pull contre ses gants;∎ I'll give you a good price for the table je vous donnerai ou payerai un bon prix pour la table;∎ how much will you give me for it? combien m'en donneras-tu?;∎ I would give a lot or a great deal to know… je donnerais beaucoup pour savoir…(d) (transmit) donner, passer;∎ I hope I don't give you my cold j'espère que je ne vais pas te passer mon rhumeC.∎ the walk gave him an appetite la promenade l'a mis en appétit ou lui a ouvert l'appétit;∎ the news gave me a shock la nouvelle m'a fait un choc;∎ to give oneself trouble se donner du mal∎ the teacher gave us three tests this week le professeur nous a donné trois interrogations cette semaine;∎ to give sb a black mark infliger un blâme à qn;∎ Law he was given (a sentence of) fifteen years il a été condamné à quinze ans de prison(c) (announce → verdict, judgment)∎ the court gives its decision today la cour prononce ou rend l'arrêt aujourd'hui;∎ the court gave the case against/for the management la cour a décidé contre/en faveur de la direction;∎ given this third day of March délivré le 3 mars;∎ given under my hand and seal reçu par-devant moi et sous mon sceau;∎ Sport the umpire gave the batsman out l'arbitre a déclaré le joueur hors jeu(d) (communicate → impression, order, signal) donner; (→ address, information) donner, fournir; (→ news, decision) annoncer;∎ to give sb a message communiquer un message à qn;∎ she gave her age as forty-five elle a déclaré avoir quarante-cinq ans;∎ give her my love embrasse-la pour moi;∎ he is to give his decision tomorrow il devra faire connaître ou annoncer sa décision demain;∎ I gave a description of the suspect j'ai donné ou fourni une description du suspect;∎ you gave me to believe he was trustworthy vous m'avez laissé entendre qu'on pouvait lui faire confiance;∎ I was given to understand she was ill on m'a donné à croire qu'elle était malade;∎ she gave no sign of life elle n'a donné aucun signe de vie∎ that's given me an idea ça me donne une idée;∎ don't go giving him ideas! ne va pas lui mettre des idées dans la tête!;∎ give us a clue donne-nous un indice;∎ let me give you an example laissez-moi vous donner un exemple;∎ don't give me any nonsense about missing your train! ne me raconte pas que tu as raté ton train!;∎ familiar don't give me that (nonsense)! ne me raconte pas d'histoires!(f) (admit, concede) reconnaître, accorder;∎ she's certainly intelligent, I'll give you that elle est très intelligente, ça, je te l'accorde;∎ Sport he gave me the game il m'a concédé la partieD.∎ he gave a laugh il a laissé échapper un rire;∎ he gave a loud laugh il a éclaté de rire;∎ give us a song chantez-nous quelque chose(b) (make → action, gesture) faire;∎ she gave them an odd look elle leur a jeté ou lancé un regard curieux;∎ he gave her hand a squeeze il lui a pressé la main;∎ she gave her hair a comb elle s'est donné un coup de peigne;∎ he gave his face a wash il s'est lavé le visage;∎ he gave the table a wipe il a essuyé la table;∎ I gave the boy a push j'ai poussé le garçon;∎ the train gave a lurch le train a cahoté;∎ she gave him a slap elle lui a donné une claque;∎ she gave him a flirtatious smile elle lui a adressé ou fait un sourire séducteur;∎ he gave an embarrassed smile il a eu un sourire gêné∎ that evening she gave the performance of a lifetime ce soir-là elle était au sommet de son art(d) (hold → lunch, party, supper) donner, organiser;∎ they gave a dinner for the professor ils ont donné un dîner en l'honneur du professeur(e) (estimate the duration of) donner, estimer;∎ I give him one week at most je lui donne une semaine (au) maximum;∎ I'd give their marriage about a year if that je donne un an maximum à leur mariage∎ 17 minus 4 gives 13 17 moins 4 font ou égalent 13;∎ that gives a total of 26 ça donne un total de 26∎ to give way (ground) s'affaisser; (bridge, building, ceiling) s'effondrer, s'affaisser; (ladder, rope) céder, (se) casser;∎ the ground gave way beneath or under our feet le terrain s'est affaissé sous nos pieds;∎ her legs gave way (beneath her) ses jambes se sont dérobées sous elle;∎ his health finally gave way sa santé a fini par se détériorer ou se gâter;∎ their strength gave way leurs forces leur ont manqué;∎ it's easier to give way to his demands than to argue il est plus commode de céder à ses exigences que de lui résister;∎ don't give way if he cries ne cède pas s'il pleure;∎ I gave way to tears/to anger je me suis laissé aller à pleurer/emporter par la colère;∎ he gave way to despair il s'est abandonné au désespoir;∎ the fields gave way to factories les champs ont fait place aux usines;∎ his joy gave way to sorrow sa joie a fait place à la peine;∎ natural fibres have given way to synthetics les fibres naturelles ont été remplacées par les synthétiques;∎ give way to vehicles on your right (sign) priorité aux véhicules qui viennent de droite;∎ give way to pedestrians (sign) priorité aux piétons;(a) (contribute) donner;∎ please give generously nous nous en remettons à votre générosité;∎ to give generously of one's time donner beaucoup de son temps;∎ proverb it is better to give than to receive donner vaut mieux que recevoir;∎ in any relationship you have to learn to give and take dans toutes les relations, il faut apprendre à faire des concessions ou il faut que chacun y mette du sien;∎ to give as good as one gets rendre coup pour coup∎ the fence gave beneath or under my weight la barrière a cédé ou s'est affaissée sous mon poids;∎ something's got to give quelque chose va lâcher∎ now give! accouche!, vide ton sac!∎ what gives? qu'est-ce qui se passe?□3 noun(of metal, wood) élasticité f, souplesse f;∎ there's not enough give in this sweater ce pull n'est pas assez ampleà... près;∎ give or take a few days à quelques jours près►► give way sign signal m de priorité∎ it's so cheap they're practically giving it away c'est tellement bon marché, c'est comme s'ils en faisaient cadeau;∎ you couldn't give them away tu n'arriveras pas à t'en débarrasser (même si tu en faisais cadeau)(c) (throw away → chance, opportunity) gâcher, gaspiller∎ he didn't give anything away il n'a rien dit∎ her accent gave her away son accent l'a trahie;∎ no prisoner would give another prisoner away aucun prisonnier n'en trahirait un autre;∎ to give oneself away se trahir(f) Australian (renounce → habit) renoncer à, abandonner; (resign from → job) quitter; (→ position) démissionner de∎ give the book back to her rendez-lui le livre;∎ the store gave him his money back le magasin l'a remboursé➲ give in(relent, yield) céder;∎ to give in to sb/sth céder à qn/qch;∎ the country refused to give in to terrorist threats le pays a refusé de céder aux menaces des terroristes(hand in → book, exam paper) rendre; (→ found object, parcel) remettre; (→ application, name) donner(a) (emit, produce → gas, smell) émettredonner sur➲ give out(a) (hand out) distribuer(c) (make known) annoncer, faire savoir;∎ the hospital gave out information on her condition to them l'hôpital les a renseignés sur son état de santé;∎ it was given out that he was leaving on a dit ou annoncé qu'il partait∎ the old car finally gave out la vieille voiture a fini par rendre l'âme∎ her strength was giving out elle était à bout de forces, elle n'en pouvait plus;∎ his mother's patience gave out sa mère a perdu patience;∎ my luck gave out la chance m'a abandonné∎ he gave out to me because I was late (scolded) il m'a enguirlandé parce que j'étais en retarddonner sur∎ he gave the children over to his mother il a confié les enfants à sa mère∎ the land was given over to agriculture la terre a été consacrée à l'agriculture;∎ she gave herself over to helping the poor elle s'est consacrée à l'aide aux pauvres∎ give over crying! cesse de pleurer!∎ give over! assez!, arrête!➲ give up(a) (renounce → habit) renoncer à, abandonner; (→ friend) abandonner, délaisser; (→ chair, place) céder; (→ activity) cesser;∎ she'll never give him up elle ne renoncera jamais à lui;∎ he's given up smoking il a arrêté de fumer, il a renoncé au tabac;∎ I haven't given up the idea of going to China je n'ai pas renoncé à l'idée d'aller en Chine;∎ he gave up his seat to the old woman il a cédé sa place à la vieille dame;∎ don't give up hope ne perdez pas espoir;∎ he was ready to give up his life for his country il était prêt à mourir pour la patrie;∎ they gave up the game or the struggle ils ont abandonné la partie;∎ we gave her brother up for dead nous avons conclu que son frère était mort;∎ they gave the cause up for lost ils ont considéré que c'était une cause perdue;∎ to give up the throne renoncer au trône;∎ the doctors have given him up les médecins disent qu'il est perdu∎ they gave up the restaurant business ils se sont retirés de la restauration∎ the murderer gave himself up (to the police) le meurtrier s'est rendu ou livré (à la police);∎ he gave his accomplices up to the police il a dénoncé ou livré ses complices à la police∎ give it up for… je vous demande d'applaudir…∎ we can't give up now! on ne va pas laisser tomber maintenant!∎ to give up on sb (stop waiting for) renoncer à attendre qn; (stop expecting something from) ne plus rien attendre de qn;∎ I give up on him, he won't even try j'abandonne, il ne fait pas le moindre effort∎ to give oneself up to sth se livrer à qch;∎ they gave themselves up to a life of pleasure ils se sont livrés à une vie de plaisir;∎ he gave his life up to caring for the elderly il a consacré sa vie à soigner les personnes âgées;∎ his mornings were given up to business ses matinées étaient consacrées aux affaires -
24 have
I [hæv] ( полная форма); [həv], [əv], [v] ( редуцированные формы) 1. гл.; прош. вр., прич. прош. вр. had; 3 л. ед. настоящего времени has1)а) иметь, обладать (обычно переводится конструкцией "у кого-л. есть что-л.")I have everything I want. — У меня есть всё, что я хочу.
I have no money on me. — У меня нет при себе денег.
б) иметь в своем составе, включать, содержатьThe car has power brakes. — У этого автомобиля мощные тормоза.
April has 30 days. — В апреле 30 дней.
в) обладать способностью к чему-л., знать, понимать ( о языках)He has only a little French. — Он знает французский очень плохо.
We don't have time to stay. — У нас нет времени оставаться.
•Syn:2) получать; приобретать; добыватьWe have a famous lecturer for this seminar. — Семинар у нас будет вести известный лектор.
I must have that dress in the window. — Я просто должна приобрести то платье в витрине.
Syn:3) (have + сущ.)б) означает единичный акт или кратковременное действие, соответствующее значению существительногоto have a bath (a wash) — принять ванну, помыться
to have a word — перекинуться парой слов, поговорить
в) проявлять, испытывать ( чувства)г) родить, приносить потомство, иметь детейThe cat had six kittens. — Кошка родила шестерых котят.
She is going to have a baby. — Она беременна.
4) испытывать что-л., подвергаться чему-л.She had a sudden heart attack. — У неё внезапно случился сердечный приступ.
I have a cold. — Я простужен.
Syn:5) разг. поставить в невыгодное, проигрышное положение; обмануть, провести, надутьWe have him now. — Теперь он наш.
He realized that he'd been had. — Он понял, что его надули.
Syn:6) терпеть, разрешать, позволять, допускать, мириться с чем-л. ( с отрицанием)We'll have no more of that. — Мы этого больше не потерпим.
Syn:7) подкупать, "покупать"He can be had for a price — Его можно подкупить за определённую сумму.
Syn:8) разг.; = to have it off обладать женщиной, совершать половой актWhy, she's neither fish nor flesh; a man knows not where to have her. (W. Shakespeare, King Henry IV) — Потому, что она ни рыба ни мясо, и мужчина даже не знает, с какой стороны к ней подступиться. (пер. Е. Бируковой)
9) провожать, сопровождать10) (have smb. / smth. + прич. наст. вр.) конструкция, подчёркивающая опосредованную принадлежность субъектуHe has a table in his room standing. — У него в комнате стоит стол.
I had her on the carpet twisting. — Она у меня на ковре танцевала твист.
11)а) (have smb. + инф.) заставить (кого-л. сделать что-л.)Have him return it at once. — Заставь его вернуть это немедленно.
Have him come here at five. — Пригласи его прийти в пять часов.
What would you have me do? — Что вы хотите, чтобы я сделал?
Syn:б) (have smth. + прич. прош. вр.) получить результат какого-л. действия (над собой, своим имуществом; как следствие собственных усилий или деятельности других лиц)He had his watch repaired. — Ему починили часы.
He had his pocket picked. — Его обокрали.
12) (have to + инф.) быть должным, обязанным, вынужденным что-л. делатьSorry, I've got to go now. — Извините, я должен идти.
13) ( have it that)а) утверждать, полагатьб) говорить, заявлять, выражать мнениеThey had it that he was guilty. — Они утверждали, что он виновен.
•- have it away
- have back
- have down
- have in
- have off
- have on
- have out
- have over
- have upGram:[ref dict="LingvoGrammar (En-Ru)"]have / have got[/ref][ref dict="LingvoGrammar (En-Ru)"]must, have to, have got to[/ref]••You had better go home. — Вам бы лучше пойти домой.
Have no doubt. — Можете не сомневаться.
to have smb. / smth. on board — иметь кого-л. / что-л. на борту
to have smb. on the phone — говорить с кем-л. по телефону; дозвониться до кого-л.
to have eyes only for smb. — смотреть только на кого-л., не видеть никого, кроме кого-л.
to have a question out with smb. — выяснить вопрос с кем-л.
Let him have it. — Дай ему взбучку.; Задай ему перцу.
He has had it. — Он безнадёжно отстал.; Он пропал.
Will you have the goodness to do it? — Будьте настолько добры, сделайте это.
Have a nice day — До свидания!; Всего доброго!
- have by the leg- have nothing on smb.
- have it
- have it all
- have the upper hand
- have it in for one 2. сущ.; разг.1)а) человек с достатком, обеспеченный человекб) ( haves) богатые, обеспеченные (о людях, классах, странах)2) мошенничество, надувательство, обманII [hæv] ( полная форма); [həv], [əv], [v] ( редуцированные формы) гл.; прош. вр., прич. прош. вр. had; 3 л. ед. настоящего времени hasвспомогательный глагол; употребляется для образования форм перфектаI was sure I hadn't met him before. — Я был уверен, что не встречал его раньше.
Having been there before, I knew what to expect. — Побывав здесь раньше, я знал, чего ожидать.
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25 shampoo
[ʃæm'pu:] 1. plural - shampoos; noun1) (a soapy liquid or other substance for washing the hair and scalp or for cleaning carpets, upholstery etc: a special shampoo for greasy hair; carpet shampoo.) shampoo; -shampoo2) (an act of washing etc with shampoo: I had a shampoo and set at the hairdresser's.) vask2. verb(to wash or clean with shampoo: She shampoos her hair every day; We shampooed the rugs yesterday.) vaske* * *[ʃæm'pu:] 1. plural - shampoos; noun1) (a soapy liquid or other substance for washing the hair and scalp or for cleaning carpets, upholstery etc: a special shampoo for greasy hair; carpet shampoo.) shampoo; -shampoo2) (an act of washing etc with shampoo: I had a shampoo and set at the hairdresser's.) vask2. verb(to wash or clean with shampoo: She shampoos her hair every day; We shampooed the rugs yesterday.) vaske -
26 go
1. n разг. ход, ходьба; движениеthe boat rolled gently with the come and go of small waves — лодка мягко покачивалась на мелких волнах
on the go — на ходу; на ногах
passing go — решающий ход в настольной игре «го»
2. n разг. обстоятельство, положение; неожиданный поворот делtell me how things go ? — расскажите мне, как идут дела?
3. n разг. попыткаto have a go at — попытаться, рискнуть, попытать счастья
4. n разг. приступ5. n разг. порция6. n разг. сделка, соглашение7. n разг. разг. энергия, воодушевление; рвение; увлечение8. n разг. разг. успех; удача; успешное предприятиеto make a go of it — добиться успеха, преуспеть
he is convinced that he can make a go of it — он уверен, что добьётся в этом деле успеха
9. n разг. редк. походка10. n разг. ход; бросок«мимо»
quite the go — последний крик моды; предмет всеобщего увлечения
first go — первым делом, сразу же
at a go — сразу, зараз
11. a амер. разг. быть в состоянии готовности; работать12. v идти, ходить13. v направляться, следовать; ехать, поехатьto go on a journey — поехать в путешествие; совершать путешествие
to go on a visit — поехать с визитом; поехать погостить
14. v ездить, путешествовать, передвигатьсяto go at a crawl — ходить, ездить или двигаться медленно
15. v ходить, курсировать16. v уходить, уезжатьwe came at six and went at nine — мы пришли в шесть, а ушли в девять
I must be going now, I must be gone — теперь мне нужно уходить
she is gone — она ушла, её нет
17. v отходить, отправлятьсяto go gunning — охотиться, ходить на охоту
18. v двигаться, быть в движенииgo along — идти, двигаться
go forth — быть опубликованным, изданным
19. v двигаться с определённой скоростьюto go along — двигаться дальше; идти своей дорогой
to go nap — поставить всё на карту, идти на большой риск
20. v работать, действовать, функционировать21. v жить, действовать, функционироватьhe manages to keep going — он как-то тянет, ему удаётся держаться
22. v тянуться, проходить, пролегать, простиратьсяmountains that go from east to west — горы, тянущиеся с востока на запад
go by — проходить, проезжать мимо
23. v дотягиваться; доходитьto go to the races — ходить на скачки; ходить на бега
go about — расхаживать, ходить туда и сюда; слоняться
24. v протекать, проходитьvacation goes quickly — не успеваешь оглянуться, а отпуск кончился
I hope all goes well with you — надеюсь, что у вас всё хорошо
how did the voting go? — как завершилось голосование?; каковы результаты голосования?
25. v исчезать; проходить26. v исчезнуть, пропастьthe key has gone somewhere — ключ куда-то распространяться; передаваться
27. v передаваться28. v иметь хождение, быть в обращенииto go out of curl — быть выбитым из колеи; утратить форму
to go to oblivion — быть преданным забвению, быть забытым
29. v идти; брать на себя; решатьсяto go snacks — делить поровну; делиться ; брать свою долю
30. v податься; рухнуть; сломаться, расколотьсяfirst the sail went and then the mast — сперва подался парус, а затем и мачта
there goes another button! — ну вот, ещё одна пуговица отлетела!
31. v потерпеть крах, обанкротитьсяto go phut — лопнуть, потерпеть крах
go to smash — разориться; обанкротиться
to go to smash — разориться, обанкротиться
to go bust — остаться без копейки, обанкротиться
32. v отменяться, уничтожаться33. v отказываться; избавляться34. v быть расположенным, следовать в определённом порядкеto go by the title of … — быть известным под именем …
35. v храниться, находиться; становиться36. v умещаться, укладыватьсяthe thread is too thick to go into the needle — нитка слишком толстая, чтобы пролезть в иголку
37. v равняться38. v заканчиваться определённым результатом39. v гласить, говоритьthe story goes that he was murdered — говорят, что его убили
properly speaking, you ought to go — собственно говоря, вы должны уйти
40. v звучатьthe tune goes something like this … — вот как, примерно, звучит этот мотив
41. v звонитьI hear the bells going — я слышу, как звонят колокола
42. v бить, отбивать время43. v умирать, гибнутьshe is gone — она погибла, она умерла
to go to rack and ruin — обветшать; разрушиться; погибнуть
44. v пройти, быть принятымto take a turn, to go for a turn — пройтись
to go for a trot — быстро пройтись, пробежаться
45. v быть приемлемым46. v разг. выдерживать, терпеть47. v справляться, одолевать48. v ходить определённым шагомgo and see — заходить; зайти; навещать; навестить
go to see — заходить; зайти; навещать; навестить
49. v спариватьсяСинонимический ряд:1. energy (noun) birr; energy; hardihood; pep; potency; tuck2. fling (noun) crack; fling; pop; shot; slap; stab; try; whack; whirl3. occurrence (noun) circumstance; episode; event; happening; incident; occasion; occurrence; thing4. success (noun) arrival; flying colors; prosperity; success; successfulness5. time (noun) bout; hitch; innings; shift; siege; spell; stint; time; tour; trick; turn; watch6. vigor (noun) bang; drive; getup; get-up-and-go; punch; push; snap; starch; vigor; vitality7. agree (verb) accord; agree; check; check out; cohere; comport; conform; consist; consort; correspond; dovetail; fit in; harmonise; harmonize; jibe; march; quadrate; rhyme; square; tally8. bear (verb) abide; bear; brook; digest; endure; lump; stand; stick out; stomach; suffer; support; sustain; swallow; sweat out; take; tolerate9. become (verb) become; come; get; grow; wax10. decline (verb) decline; deteriorate; fade11. depart (verb) depart; exit; get away; get off; leave; pop off; pull out; push off; quit; retire; retreat; run along; shove off; take off; withdraw12. die (verb) cash in; conk; decease; demise; die; drop; expire; go away; go by; pass away; pass out; peg out; perish; pip; succumb13. disappear (verb) disappear; dissolve; vanish14. enjoy (verb) enjoy; like; relish15. fit (verb) belong; fit16. give (verb) bend; break; break down; buckle; cave; cave in; collapse; crumple; fold up; give; yield17. go on (verb) continue; go on; maintain; persist18. go with (verb) go with; suit19. happen (verb) befall; betide; chance; develop; do; fall out; hap; happen; occur; rise; transpire20. make (verb) head; make; set out; strike out21. move (verb) move; travel; walk22. offer (verb) bid; offer23. proceed (verb) advance; cruise; elapse; fare; hie; journey; pass; proceed; progress; push on; wend24. resort (verb) apply; recur; refer; repair; resort; resort to; turn25. run (verb) carry; extend; lead; range; reach; run; stretch; vary26. set (verb) bet; gamble; lay; risk; set; stake; venture; wager27. spend (verb) conclude; consume; exhaust; expend; finish; run through; spend; stop; terminate; use up; wash up28. succeed (verb) arrive; click; come off; come through; flourish; go over; make out; pan out; prosper; prove out; score; succeed; thrive; work out29. work (verb) act; function; operate; perform; workАнтонимический ряд:appear; approach; arrive; become; break down; clash; come; endure; enter; fail; improve; lack; live; persist; quit; regress; remain; rest; stand; stay -
27 change
change [tʃeɪndʒ]changement ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (c) correspondance ⇒ 1 (c) monnaie ⇒ 1 (d) changer ⇒ 2, 3 (a), 3 (d) se changer ⇒ 3 (b), 3 (c)1 noun(a) (alteration) changement m;∎ we expect a change in the weather nous nous attendons à un changement de temps;∎ there's been a change in the law la loi a été modifiée;∎ there has been a change in thinking regarding nuclear power il y a eu un changement d'opinion ou une évolution de l'opinion concernant l'énergie nucléaire;∎ a survey showed a radical change in public opinion un sondage a montré un revirement de l'opinion publique;∎ the party needs a change of direction le parti a besoin d'un changement de direction ou d'orientation;∎ a change for the better/worse un changement en mieux/pire, une amélioration/dégradation;∎ walking to work makes a pleasant change from driving c'est agréable d'aller travailler à pied plutôt qu'en voiture;∎ it'll be or make a nice change for them not to have the children in the house cela les changera agréablement de ne pas avoir les enfants à la maison;∎ that makes a change! ça change un peu!;∎ yes, it makes a nice change, doesn't it? oui, ça change un peu de l'ordinaire, n'est-ce pas?;∎ living in the country will be a big change for us cela nous changera beaucoup de vivre à la campagne;∎ there's been little change in his condition son état n'a guère évolué;∎ she dislikes change of any kind tout changement lui déplaît;∎ there are going to be some changes in this office! il va y avoir du nouveau ou du changement dans ce bureau!;∎ to have a change of heart changer d'avis;∎ figurative I need a change of scene or scenery j'ai besoin de changer de décor ou d'air;∎ a change is as good as a rest changer de décor fait autant de bien que de partir en vacances∎ a change of clothes des vêtements de rechange;∎ he had to spend a week without a change of clothes il a dû passer une semaine sans changer de vêtements(c) (in journey) changement m, correspondance f;∎ if you go by underground you'll have to make two changes si vous y allez en métro vous serez obligé de changer deux fois;∎ you can get there by train with a change at Bristol vous pouvez y aller en train avec un changement ou une correspondance à Bristol∎ small or loose change petite ou menue monnaie f;∎ she gave me two pounds in change elle m'a donné deux livres en monnaie;∎ can you give me change for five pounds? pouvez-vous me faire la monnaie de cinq livres?;∎ the machine doesn't give change la machine ne rend pas la monnaie;∎ the change (menopause) le retour d'âge(a) (substitute, switch) changer, changer de;∎ to change one's name changer de nom;∎ she's going to change her name to Parker elle va prendre le nom de Parker;∎ to change a fuse changer un fusible;∎ to change one's clothes changer de vêtements, se changer;∎ to change trains changer de train;∎ they're going to change the guard at 11 o'clock ils vont faire la relève de ou relever la garde à 11 heures;∎ to change sides changer de côté;∎ Sport to change ends changer de camp;∎ this old desk has changed hands many times ce vieux bureau a changé maintes fois de mains;∎ to change one's mind changer d'avis;∎ I've changed my mind about him j'ai changé d'avis ou d'idée à son égard;∎ he's changed his mind about moving to Scotland pour ce qui est de s'installer en Écosse il a changé d'avis;∎ you'd better change your ways tu ferais bien de t'amender;∎ to change the subject changer de sujet;∎ don't change the subject! ne détourne pas la conversation!;∎ to change one's tune changer de ton(b) (exchange) changer;∎ when are you thinking of changing your car? quand pensez-vous changer de voiture?;∎ if the shoes are too small we'll change them for you si les chaussures sont trop petites nous vous les changerons;∎ to change places with sb changer de place avec qn;∎ figurative I wouldn't want to change places with him! je n'aimerais pas être à sa place!;∎ I'd like to change my pounds into dollars j'aimerais changer mes livres contre des ou en dollars;∎ does this bank change money? est-ce que cette banque fait le change?;∎ can you change a ten-pound note? (into coins) pouvez-vous me donner la monnaie d'un billet de dix livres?(c) (alter, modify) changer;∎ there's no point in trying to change him c'est inutile d'essayer de le changer;∎ she wants to change the world elle veut changer le monde;∎ he won't change anything in the text il ne changera rien au texte;∎ the illness completely changed his personality la maladie a complètement transformé son caractère;∎ she doesn't want to change her routine in any way elle ne veut rien changer à sa routine;∎ figurative to change one's spots changer ou modifier totalement son caractère(d) (transform) changer, transformer;∎ to change sb/sth into sth changer qn/qch en qch;∎ the prince was changed into a frog le prince fut changé en grenouille;∎ Bible to change water into wine changer l'eau en vin;∎ the liquid/her hair has changed colour le liquide a/ses cheveux ont changé de couleur(e) (baby, bed) changer;∎ the baby needs changing le bébé a besoin d'être changé;∎ I've changed the sheets j'ai changé les draps(f) to change gear changer de vitesse∎ to change for the better/worse changer en mieux/pire;∎ nothing will make him change rien ne le changera, il ne changera jamais;∎ wait for the lights to change attendez que le feu passe au vert;∎ winter changed to spring le printemps a succédé à l'hiver;∎ the wind has changed le vent a changé ou tourné(b) (become transformed) se changer, se transformer;∎ to change into sth se transformer en qch;∎ the ogre changed into a mouse l'ogre s'est transformé en souris;∎ the country had changed from dictatorship to democracy overnight en une nuit, le pays était passé de la dictature à la démocratie;∎ the lights changed from green to amber les feux sont passés du vert à l'orange;∎ to change from one system to another passer d'un système à un autre(c) (change clothing) se changer;∎ she's gone upstairs to change elle est montée se changer;∎ they changed out of their uniforms ils ont enlevé leurs uniformes;∎ he changed into a pair of jeans il s'est changé et a mis un jean;∎ I'm going to change into something warmer je vais mettre quelque chose de plus chaud(d) (transportation) changer;∎ is it a direct flight or do I have to change? est-ce que le vol est direct ou faut-il changer?;∎ we had to change twice nous avons eu deux correspondances ou deux changements;∎ all change! (announcement) tout le monde descend!∎ she changed into fourth gear elle a passé la quatrième∎ it's nice to see you smiling for a change c'est bien de te voir sourire pour une fois;∎ he was early for a change pour une fois il était en avance►► the change of life le retour d'âge;change machine distributeur m de monnaie;American change purse porte-monnaie m invCars rétrograder;∎ he changed down into third il est passé en troisième∎ to change off with sb échanger avec qn∎ he changed over from smoking cigarettes to smoking cigars il s'est mis à fumer des cigares à la place de cigarettes;∎ the country has changed over to nuclear power le pays est passé au nucléaire;∎ one day I wash and he dries and the next day we change over un jour je fais la vaisselle et il l'essuie et le jour d'après on change;∎ Television to change over (to another channel) passer sur une autre chaîne;∎ Television why don't you change over to ITV? et si on mettait ITV?Cars passer la vitesse supérieure;∎ he changed up into third il a passé la troisième, il est passé en troisième -
28 infect
[in'fekt](to fill with germs that cause disease; to give a disease to: You must wash that cut on your knee in case it becomes infected; She had a bad cold last week and has infected the rest of the class.) inficere; smitte- infectious
- infectiously* * *[in'fekt](to fill with germs that cause disease; to give a disease to: You must wash that cut on your knee in case it becomes infected; She had a bad cold last week and has infected the rest of the class.) inficere; smitte- infectious
- infectiously -
29 well
1) ( healthy) gesund;he hasn't been too \well lately ihm ging es in letzter Zeit nicht besonders gut;“you're looking very \well today!” he remarked to his patient „Sie sehen heute ausgezeichnet aus!“ bemerkte er zu seiner Patientin;to be alive and \well gesund und munter sein;I don't feel \well today ich fühle mich heute nicht gut;to get \well gesund werden;I hope you get \well soon ich hoffe, dass es dir bald wieder besser geht;get \well soon! gute Besserung!;get \well card Genesungskarte f2) ( satisfactory)we are fooling ourselves if we think that all is \well in our health service wir machen uns selbst etwas vor, wenn wir glauben, dass mit unserem Gesundheitswesen alles in Ordnung ist;all being \well, we should arrive on time wenn alles gut geht, müssten wir pünktlich ankommenPHRASES:1) ( in satisfactory manner) gut;you speak English very \well du sprichst sehr gut Englisch;the house and garden were \well cared for Haus und Garten wurden gut gepflegt;the kitchen is \well equipped die Küche ist gut eingerichtet;the book had been very \well researched für das Buch ist gut recherchiert worden;I can't do it as \well as Marie [can] ich kann es nicht so gut wie Marie;she can sing as \well as her sister [does] sie kann genauso gut singen wie ihre Schwester;they took two hours to discuss the plans and considered it time \well spent sie brauchten zwei Stunden, um die Pläne zu diskutieren, und waren der Meinung, diese Zeit sinnvoll genutzt zu haben;what we spent on double-glazing the house was money \well spent die Ausgaben für die Doppelfenster im Haus waren gut angelegtes Geld;look! I can see a badger in amongst the bracken - oh yes! \well spotted! guck mal! ich kann einen Dachs zwischen dem Adlerfarn sehen - oh ja! gut gesehen! ( fam)his point about the need to reduce waste was \well taken seine Aussagen über die Notwendigkeit, Müll zu reduzieren, wurden gut aufgenommen;the babysitter did \well to inform the police about what she had seen die Babysitterin tat gut daran, die Polizei darüber zu informieren, was sie gesehen hatte;look at all those wine bottles! you certainly live \well! guck dir nur all die Weinflaschen an! du hast es dir ja gut gehen lassen! ( fam)the old people in that home are not treated \well die alten Menschen werden in dem Heim nicht gut behandelt;\well enough ( sufficiently well) gut genug;( quite well) ganz gut, einigermaßen;the concert was \well enough advertised das Konzert war genügend angekündigt;he plays the piano \well enough er spielt ganz gut Klavier;pretty \well ganz gut;to do \well for oneself erfolgreich sein;\well done gut gemacht;it's a job \well done die Arbeit ist ordentlich gemacht worden;to mean \well es gut meinen;\well put ( in speech) gut gesagt;( in writing) gut ausgedrückt2) ( thoroughly) gut, gründlich;knead the dough \well kneten Sie den Teig gut durch;to know sb \well jdn gut kennenI can \well believe it das glaube ich gern;I should damn \well hope so! das will ich [aber auch] stark hoffen!;he could \well imagine how much his promise was going to cost him er konnte sich lebhaft vorstellen, wie viel sein Versprechen ihn kosten würde;there are no buses after midnight, as you \well know wie du sicher weißt, es fahren nach Mitternacht keine Busse mehr;I \well remember the last time they visited us ( form) ich kann mich gut an ihren letzten Besuch erinnern;stand \well clear of the doors halten Sie gut Abstand von den Türen;the results are \well above what we expected die Ergebnisse liegen weit über dem, was wir erwartet haben;the police are \well aware of the situation die Polizei ist sich der Lage sehr wohl bewusst;keep \well away from the edge of the cliff halten Sie sich vom Rand des Abhangs fern;they kept the crowd \well behind the white line sie hielten die Menge sicher hinter der weißen Linie zurück;it costs \well over £100 es kostet weit über 100 Pfund;\well and truly ganz einfach;the party was \well and truly over when he arrived die Party war gelaufen, als er kam ( fam)where's Pete? - you may \well ask! he should have been here hours ago! wo ist Pete? - das kannst du laut fragen! er hätte schon seit Stunden hier sein sollen!;I couldn't very \well refuse their kind offer ich konnte ihr freundliches Angebot doch nicht ablehnen;he may \well wonder why no one was there - he forgot to confirm the date er braucht sich gar nicht zu fragen, warum keiner da war - er hat vergessen, das Datum festzulegenyou may \well think it was his fault - I couldn't possibly comment es mag gut sein, dass es seine Schuld war - ich halte mich da raus;he might \well be sick after spending so much time in the cold last night es ist gut möglich, dass er krank ist, nachdem er letzte Nacht so lange im Kalten gewesen war;it may \well be finished by tomorrow es kann gut sein, dass es morgen fertig ist;she might \well be the best person to ask sie ist wahrscheinlich die Beste, die man fragen kannwe were \well bored at the concert wir haben uns in dem Konzert furchtbar gelangweiltinvite Emlyn - and Simon as \well lade Emlyn ein - und Simon auch;I'll have the ice cream as \well as the cake ich nehme das Eis und auch den Kuchen;it would be as \well to check the small print es ist ratsam, auch das Kleingedruckte zu überprüfen;it's just as \well that... es ist nur gut, dass...;it's just as \well you're not here - you wouldn't like the noise gut, dass du nicht hier bist - du könntest den Lärm eh' nicht ertragen;you might [just] as \well wash the dishes eigentlich könntest du das Geschirr abwaschenPHRASES:if a thing's worth doing, it's worth doing \well ('s worth doing, it's worth doing \well) wenn schon, denn schon ( fam)if you want a thing done \well, do it yourself (done \well, do it yourself) willst du, dass etwas gut erledigt wird, mach es am besten selbst;all \well and good [or all very \well] gut und schön;electric heating is all very \well until there's a power cut elektrische Heizung ist so weit ganz in Ordnung, es sei denn, es kommt zum Stromausfall;to be \well away ( Brit);to leave \well [ (Am) enough] alone es lieber sein lassen;is telling her the right thing to do, or should I leave \well alone? ist es richtig, es ihr zu erzählen, oder sollte ich es lieber sein lassen?;to be \well out of it (Brit, Aus) davongekommen sein;they think he is \well out of it sie denken, dass er noch einmal davongekommen ist;\well, what shall we do now? tja, was sollen wir jetzt tun? ( fam)\well? what did you do next? und? was hast du dann gemacht?;\well, \well ja, ja;very \well na gut;oh \well, it doesn't matter ach [was], das macht doch nichtsto drill a \well einen Brunnen bohrengas \well Gasbrunnen m;oil \well Ölquelle f;to drill a \well einen Schacht bohren;( for oil) ein Bohrloch anlegento \well up in sth in etw dat aufsteigen;tears \welled up in her eyes Tränen stiegen ihr in die Augen;conflicting emotions \welled up in his heart ( fig) widerstreitende Gefühle stiegen in seinem Herzen auf ( geh)pride \welled up in his chest Stolz schwellte seine Brust ( geh)to \well [up] out of sth aus etw dat hervorquellen -
30 often
'ofn(many times: I often go to the theatre; I should see him more often.) a menudo, con frecuenciaoften adv a menudo / muchas veceshow often? ¿cada cuánto? / ¿con qué frecuencia?how often do you wash the car? ¿cada cuánto lavas el coche?tr['ɒfən, 'ɒftən]1 (frequently) a menudo, con frecuencia■ how often do you go to the dentist? ¿cada cuánto vas al dentista?\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLmore often than not la mayoría de las vecesoften ['ɔfən, 'ɔftən] adv: muchas veces, a menudo, seguidoadv.• a menudo adv.• con frecuencia adv.• muchas veces adv.• mucho adv.'ɔːfən, 'ɔːftən, 'ɒfən, 'ɒftənadverb a menudoI see her quite often — la veo bastante a menudo or (AmL tb) seguido
how often do you see her? — ¿con qué frecuencia la ves?, ¿cada cuánto la ves?
he's right more often than not — la mayoría or las más de las veces tiene razón
you'll do that once too often and you'll hurt yourself — si sigues haciendo eso, vas a acabar haciéndote daño
['ɒfǝn]ADV a menudo, con frecuencia, seguido (LAm)I've often wondered why you turned the job down — me he preguntado muchas veces or a menudo or con frecuencia por qué no aceptaste el trabajo
do you often argue? — ¿discutís mucho?, ¿discutís muy a menudo?
•
we visit her as often as possible — la visitamos tanto como nos es posiblewomen consult doctors twice as often as men — las mujeres consultan a un médico dos veces más que los hombres
•
every so often — (of time) de vez en cuando; (of distance, spacing) de trecho en trecho, cada cierta distanciawe see each other every so often — nos vemos de vez en cuando, nos vemos alguna que otra vez
how often do you see him? — ¿cada cuánto lo ves?, ¿con qué or cuánta frecuencia lo ves?
how often have I warned you that this would happen? — ¿cuántas veces te he advertido de que iba a pasar esto?
how often she had asked herself that very question! — ¡cuántas veces se había hecho esa misma pregunta!
•
he saw her less often now that she had a job — la veía con menos frecuencia ahora que tenía un trabajo•
more often than not — la mayoría de las veces, las más de las veces•
he's read it so often he knows it off by heart — lo ha leído tantas veces que se lo sabe de memoria•
(all) too often — con demasiada frecuencia, demasiado a menudo, demasiadas vecesOFTEN•
very often — muchísimas veces, muy a menudo
In statements
► When often means "on many occasions", you can usually translate it using con frecuencia or a menudo:
He often came to my house Venía con frecuencia or a menudo a mi casa
She doesn't often get angry No se enfada con frecuencia or a menudo
You are late too often Llegas tarde con demasiada frecuencia or demasiado a menudo ► In informal contexts, particularly when often can be substituted by a lot or much with no change of meaning, mucho is an alternative translation:
He doesn't often come to see me No viene mucho a verme
He often hangs out in this bar Para mucho en este bar ► Muc has veces is another possible translation, but it should be used with the present only if the time, place or activity is restricted in some way:
I've often heard him talk about the need for this law Le he oído muchas veces hablar de la necesidad de esta ley
It can often be difficult to discuss this subject with one's partner Muchas veces es difícil hablar con la pareja sobre este tema ► When often describes a predictable, habitual or regular action, you can often translate it using the present or imperfect of soler as applicable:
In England it is often cold in winter En Inglaterra suele hacer frío en invierno
I often have a glass of sherry before dinner Suelo tomar un jerez antes de cenar
We often went out for a walk in the evening Solíamos salir por la tarde a dar un paseo ► Use soler also when often means "in many cases":
This heart condition is often very serious Esta enfermedad cardíaca suele ser muy grave
In questions
► You can usually use con frecuencia in questions, though there are other possibilities:
How often do you go to Madrid? ¿Con qué frecuencia vas a Madrid?
Do you often go to Spain? ¿Vas a España con frecuencia?, ¿Vas a menudo or mucho a España? For further uses and examples, see main entry* * *['ɔːfən, 'ɔːftən, 'ɒfən, 'ɒftən]adverb a menudoI see her quite often — la veo bastante a menudo or (AmL tb) seguido
how often do you see her? — ¿con qué frecuencia la ves?, ¿cada cuánto la ves?
he's right more often than not — la mayoría or las más de las veces tiene razón
you'll do that once too often and you'll hurt yourself — si sigues haciendo eso, vas a acabar haciéndote daño
-
31 down
( towards sb) herunter, herab;the baby falls \down constantly das Baby fällt ständig hin;get \down off that table! komm sofort von diesem Tisch herunter!;the leaflet slipped \down behind the wardrobe die Broschüre ist hinter dem Kleiderschrank hinuntergerutscht;you'll have to come further \down [the steps] du musst noch ein Stück treppab gehen;“\down!” ( to dog) „Platz!“;to put \down sth etw hinstellenthings are much more expensive \down [in the] south unten im Süden ist alles viel teurer;how often do you come \down to Cornwall? wie oft kommen Sie nach Cornwall runter? ( fam)my parents live \down in Worcestershire, but they come up to London occasionally meine Eltern leben außerhalb in Worcestershire, aber sie kommen gelegentlich nach London;he has a house \down by the harbour er hat ein Haus draußen am Hafen;\down our way hier in unserem Viertel [o unserer Gegend];she's certainly come \down in the world! da muss es mit ihr ganz schön bergab gegangen sein! ( fam)to be \down on one's luck eine Pechsträhne haben;she's been \down on her luck recently in letzter Zeit ist sie vom Pech verfolgt;to be \down to sth nur noch etw haben;to be \down with sth an etw dat erkrankt sein;she's \down with flu sie liegt mit einer Grippe im Bett;5) sports im Rückstand;Milan were three goals \down at half-time zur Halbzeit lag Mailand [um] drei Tore zurück;he quit the poker game when he was only $50 \down er hörte mit dem Pokerspiel auf, als er erst 50 Dollar verloren hatte6) ( in time)Joan of Arc's fame has echoed \down [through] the centuries Jean d'Arcs Ruhm hat die Jahrhunderte überdauert;\down to the last century bis ins vorige Jahrhundert [hinein];to come \down myths überliefert werden;the pay offer is \down 2% from last year das Lohnangebot liegt 2 % unter dem vom Vorjahr;the number of students has gone \down die Zahl der Studierenden ist gesunken;to get the price \down den Preis drücken [o herunterhandeln];let the fire burn \down lass das Feuer herunterbrennen;settle \down, you two gebt mal ein bisschen Ruhe ihr zwei;to water a drink \down ein Getränk verwässern9) ( including) bis einschließlich;the entire administration has come under suspicion, from the mayor \down das gesamte Verwaltungspersonal, angefangen beim Bürgermeister, ist in Verdacht geratendo you have it \down in writing or was it just a verbal agreement? haben Sie das schwarz auf weiß oder war es nur eine mündliche Vereinbarung? ( fam)to copy sth \down etw niederschreiben [o zu Papier bringen];we've got you \down for five tickets wir haben fünf Karten für Sie vorbestellt;to put sth \down etw aufschreiben [o niederschreiben];to write sth \down etw niederschreiben [o schriftlich niederlegen];to get sth \down etw [hinunter]schlucken;she couldn't get the pill \down sie brachte die Tablette nicht hinunter ( fam)you'll feel better once you've got some hot soup \down du wirst dich besser fühlen, wenn du ein bisschen heiße Suppe gegessen hast;12) ( thoroughly) gründlich;to nail sth \down etw festnageln;to wash/wipe sth \down etw von oben bis unten waschen/wischen;he washed the car \down with soapy water er wusch den Wagen gründlich mit Seifenlauge13) ( already finished) vorbei;two lectures \down, eight to go zwei Vorlesungen haben wir schon besucht, es bleiben also noch acht14) ( as initial payment) als Anzahlung;15) ( attributable)to be \down to sth auf etw akk zurückzuführen sein;the problem is \down to her inexperience, not any lack of intelligence es liegt an ihrer Unerfahrenheit, nicht an mangelnder Intelligenz;it's all \down to you now to make it work nun ist es an Ihnen, die Sache in Gang zu bringento come \down to sth auf etw akk hinauslaufen;what the problem comes \down to is this:... die entscheidende Frage ist:...;well, if I bring it \down to its simplest level,... also, stark vereinfacht könnte man sagen,...17) ( in crossword puzzles) senkrechtPHRASES:\down to the ground völlig, ganz und gar, total ( fam)that suits me \down to the ground das ist genau das Richtige für mich prep1) ( in a downward direction)\down sth etw hinunter [o herunter];my uncle's in hospital after falling \down some stairs mein Onkel ist im Krankenhaus, nachdem er die Treppe heruntergefallen ist;up and \down the stairs die Treppe rauf und runter;she poured the liquid \down the sink sie schüttete die Flüssigkeit in den Abfluss2) ( downhill) hinunter, hinab;to go \down the hill/ mountain den Hügel/Berg hinuntergehen;I walked \down the hill ich ging den Hügel hinab3) ( along)\down sth etw hinunter [o entlang];go \down the street towards the river gehen Sie die Straße entlang zum Fluss;her office is \down the corridor on the right ihr Büro ist weiter den Gang entlang auf der rechten Seite;we drove \down the motorway as far as Bristol wir fuhren die Schnellstraße hinunter bis nach Bristol;they sailed the boat \down the river sie segelten mit dem Boot flussabwärts;I ran my finger \down the list of ingredients ich ging mit dem Finger die Zutatenliste durch;her long red hair reached most of the way \down her back ihre langen roten Haare bedeckten fast ihren ganzen Rücken;\down town stadteinwärts;I went \down town ich fuhr in die Stadt hinein;\down one's way in jds Gegend;they speak with a peculiar accent \down his way in seiner Ecke haben die Leute einen besonderen Akzent;up and \down sb/ sth bei jdm/etw auf und ab4) ( through time)\down sth durch etw hindurch, über etw hinweg;\down the generations über Generationen hinweg;\down the centuries durch die Jahrhunderte hindurch;\down the ages von Generation zu Generation;5) (Brit, Aus) (fam: to)I went \down the pub with my mates ich ging mit meinen Freunden in die Kneipe;to go \down the shops einkaufen gehensth \down sb etw in jdm;you'll feel better once you've got some hot soup \down you du fühlst dich gleich besser, wenn du ein bisschen heiße Suppe gegessen hastPHRASES:to go \down the drain [or toilet] [or tube[s]] [or plughole] [or (Brit a.) pan] [or ( Aus) gurgler] für die Katz sein;we don't want all their hard work to go \down the drain ich möchte nicht, dass ihre harte Arbeit ganz umsonst ist adj <more \down, most \down>the \down escalator die Rolltreppe nach untenI've been feeling a bit \down this week diese Woche bin ich nicht so gut drauf ( fam)to be \down on sb jdn auf dem Kieker haben ( fam)the computer will be \down for an hour der Computer wird für eine Stunde abgeschaltet;I'm afraid the [telephone] lines are \down ich fürchte, die Telefonleitungen sind tot\down platform Bahnsteig m für stadtauswärts fahrende Züge6) ( sunk to a low level) niedrig;2) ( shoot down)3) ( esp Brit)to \down tools ( cease work) mit der Arbeit aufhören;( have a break) die Arbeit unterbrechen;( during strike) die Arbeit niederlegen;the printers are threatening to \down tools die Drucker drohen mit Arbeitsniederlegungen5) (swallow [quickly])to \down sth food etw verschlingen [o herunterschlingen]; drink etw hinunterschlucken [o ( fam) hinunterkippen] [o ( fam) runterschütten];ups and \downs Auf und Ab nt;well, we've had our ups and \downs wir haben schon Höhen und Tiefen durchgemachtto have a \down on sb jdn auf dem Kieker haben ( fam)why do you have a \down on him? was hast du gegen ihn?it's second \down and seven yards to go es ist der zweite Versuch, und es sind noch sieben Yards interj\down with taxes! weg mit den Steuern!;\down with the dictator! nieder mit dem Diktator!modifier Daunen-;( esp Brit) Hügelland nt, [baumloser] Höhenzug; -
32 shampoo
1. transitive verbschamponieren [Haar, Teppich, Polster]2. nounShampoo[n], dascarpet shampoo — Teppichschaum, der
have a shampoo and set — sich (Dat.) die Haare waschen und [ein]legen lassen
give one's hair a shampoo — sich (Dat.) die Haare waschen
* * *[ʃæm'pu:] 1. plural - shampoos; noun1) (a soapy liquid or other substance for washing the hair and scalp or for cleaning carpets, upholstery etc: a special shampoo for greasy hair; carpet shampoo.) das Shampoo2) (an act of washing etc with shampoo: I had a shampoo and set at the hairdresser's.) das Waschen2. verb(to wash or clean with shampoo: She shampoos her hair every day; We shampooed the rugs yesterday.) waschen* * *sham·poo[ʃæmˈpu:]I. na carpet/car \shampoo ein Teppich-/Autoshampoo3. (wash)my hair needs a \shampoo ich muss mir die Haare waschena \shampoo and set Waschen und LegenII. vtto \shampoo hair Haare waschento \shampoo a sofa ein Sofa mit einem Shampoo reinigen* * *[ʃm'puː]1. n(= liquid) Shampoo nt, Schampon nt; (for hair also) Haarwaschmittel nt; (= act of washing) Reinigung f; (of hair) Waschen ntto give the carpet a shampoo — den Teppich reinigen or schamponieren
to have a shampoo and set — sich (dat) die Haare waschen und legen lassen
2. vtperson die Haare waschen (+dat); hair waschen; dog das Fell waschen (+dat); carpet, upholstery reinigen, schamponierento have one's hair shampooed — sich (dat) die Haare waschen lassen
* * *shampoo [ʃæmˈpuː]A v/tshampoo one’s hairC s1. Haar-, Kopfwäsche f:give o.s. a shampoo → B;shampoo and set Waschen und Legen2. Shampoo n, Schampon n, Schampun n, Haarwaschmittel n* * *1. transitive verbschamponieren [Haar, Teppich, Polster]2. nounShampoo[n], dascarpet shampoo — Teppichschaum, der
have a shampoo and set — sich (Dat.) die Haare waschen und [ein]legen lassen
give one's hair a shampoo — sich (Dat.) die Haare waschen
* * *n.Haarwaschmittel n. v.schamponieren v. -
33 spread
past tense, past participle; see spreadspread vb1. untar2. extender / desplegar3. propagar / extender4. difundirsetr[spred]1 (gen) extensión nombre femenino; (of ideas, news) difusión nombre femenino, diseminación nombre femenino, divulgación nombre femenino; (of disease, fire) propagación nombre femenino; (of nuclear weapons) proliferación nombre femenino; (of terrorism, crime) aumento3 (of wings, sails) envergadura4 SMALLCOOKERY/SMALL (paste) pasta (para untar)5 familiar (large meal) comilona, banquetazo6 (in press) extensión nombre femenino7 SMALLAMERICAN ENGLISH/SMALL (ranch) fincatransitive verb (pt & pp spread)■ she emptied her purse and spread the contents out on the table vació su monedero y esparció el contenido sobre la mesa2 (butter etc) untar, extender; (paint, glue, etc) extender, repartir3 (news, ideas, etc) difundir, divulgar; (rumour) hacer correr; (disease, fire) propagar; (panic, terror) sembrar4 (wealth, work, cost) distribuir, repartir■ wash that stain out or it will spread quita esa mancha, si no se extenderá2 (butter etc) extenderse3 (news, ideas, etc) difundirse, diseminarse, divulgarse; (rumour) correr; (disease, fire) propagarse; (panic, fear) cundir4 (in time) extenderse2) scatter, strew: esparcir3) smear: untar (mantequilla, etc.)4) disseminate: difundir, sembrar, propagarspread vi1) : difundirse, correr, propagarse2) extend: extendersespread n1) extension: extensión f, difusión f (de noticias, etc.), propagación f (de enfermedades, etc.)2) : colcha f (para una cama), mantel m (para una mesa)3) paste: pasta fcheese spread: pasta de quesoadj.• cobertor adj.n.• banquetazo s.m.• difusión s.f.• distribución (Matemática) s.f.• envergadura s.f.• propagación s.f.pret., p.p.(Preterito definido y participio pasivo de "to spread")v.(§ p.,p.p.: spread) = cundir v.• derramar v.• descoger v.• difundir v.• dilatar v.• dispersar v.• espaciar v.• esparcir v.• extender v.• generalizar v.• propagar v.• propalar v.• sembrar v.• transfundir v.• untar v.
I
1. spred(past & past p spread) transitive verb1) ( extend)a) ( in space) \<\<arms/legs\>\> extender*; \<\<map/sails\>\> desplegar*; \<\<wings\>\> desplegar*, extenderb) ( in time)the plan allows you to spread the cost over five years — el plan le permite pagar el costo a lo largo de cinco años
2)a) \<\<paint/glue\>\> extender*; \<\<seeds/sand\>\> esparcir*b) \<\<knowledge/news\>\> difundir, propagar*; \<\<influence\>\> extender*; \<\<rumor\>\> hacer* correr, difundir; \<\<disease\>\> propagar*; \<\<fear\>\> sembrar*; \<\<ideas/culture\>\> diseminar, divulgar*3) ( cover)spread the surface thickly with adhesive — unte or embadurne la superficie con abundante pegamento
2.
vi1) \<\<disease\>\> propagarse*; \<\<liquid\>\> extenderse*; \<\<fire\>\> extenderse*, propagarse; \<\<ideas/culture\>\> diseminarse, divulgarse*; \<\<panic/fear\>\> cundir; \<\<influence/revolt\>\> extenderse*2) (extend in space, time) extenderse*3) \<\<paint\>\> extenderse*; \<\<butter\>\> untarse, extenderse*•Phrasal Verbs:
II
1) u ( diffusion - of disease) propagación f; (- of ideas) difusión f, divulgación f, diseminación f; (- of fire) propagación f; (- of nuclear weapons) proliferación f2) ua) (of wings, sails) envergadura fb) (range, extent)3) c ( Culin)a) ( meal) (colloq) festín m, banquete mb) ( paste) pasta para extender sobre pan, tostadas etccheese spread — queso m cremoso para untar
4) c (Journ, Print)5) c ( ranch) (AmE & Austral colloq & dial) finca f, hacienda f (AmL), estancia f (RPl), fundo m (Chi)[spred] (vb: pt, pp spread)1. N1) (=propagation) [of infection, disease, fire] propagación f ; [of idea, information] difusión f, divulgación f ; [of crime] aumento m, proliferación f ; [of education] extensión f, generalización f ; [of nuclear weapons] proliferación fmiddle-age spread — gordura f de la mediana edad
3) (=range)there is a broad spread of interest and opinion represented on the committee — hay una gran diversidad de intereses y opiniones representados en el comité
4) * (=meal) comilona * f, banquetazo * mthey laid on a huge spread — ofrecieron una espléndida comilona or un banquetazo espléndido *
6) (Culin) (for bread) pasta f para untarcheese spread — queso m para untar
7) (Press, Typ)a two-page or double-page spread — una página doble, una doble plana
8) (Econ) diferencial m9) (US) * (=ranch) finca f, hacienda f (LAm), estancia f (Arg, Uru), fundo m (Chile)2. VT1) (also: spread out) (=lay or open out) [+ tablecloth, blanket] extender, tender; [+ map] extender, desplegar; [+ arms, fingers, legs] extender; [+ banner, sails, wings] desplegar; [+ net] tenderhe spread his hands in a gesture of resignation/helplessness — extendió los brazos en ademán de resignación/impotencia
to spread one's wings — (lit, fig) desplegar las alas
2) (=scatter) esparcir, desparramarher clothes were spread all over the floor — su ropa estaba esparcida or desparramada por todo el suelo
3) (=apply) [+ butter] untar•
to spread butter on one's bread — untar mantequilla en el pan, untar el pan con mantequillato spread cream on one's face — untarse or ponerse crema en la cara
4) (=cover)•
tables spread with food — mesas llenas or repletas de comidashe spread her bread with honey — puso miel en el pan, untó el pan con miel
5) (=distribute) distribuir•
repayments will be spread over 18 months — los pagos se efectuarán a lo largo de 18 meses6) (=disseminate) [+ news, information] divulgar, difundir; [+ rumour] hacer correr, difundir; [+ disease] propagar; [+ panic, fear] sembrarword 1., 4)3. VI1) (=extend, advance) [fire] propagarse, extenderse; [stain] extenderse; [disease] propagarse; [panic, fear] cundir; [information, news, ideas] difundirsea smile spread over or across his face — sonrió de oreja a oreja
to spread like wildfire —
2) (=stretch) (in space) extenderse3) [butter] untarse4.CPDspread betting N — ≈ apuesta f múltiple, modalidad de apuesta en la que se juega sobre una variedad de resultados en lugar de uno en concreto
* * *
I
1. [spred](past & past p spread) transitive verb1) ( extend)a) ( in space) \<\<arms/legs\>\> extender*; \<\<map/sails\>\> desplegar*; \<\<wings\>\> desplegar*, extenderb) ( in time)the plan allows you to spread the cost over five years — el plan le permite pagar el costo a lo largo de cinco años
2)a) \<\<paint/glue\>\> extender*; \<\<seeds/sand\>\> esparcir*b) \<\<knowledge/news\>\> difundir, propagar*; \<\<influence\>\> extender*; \<\<rumor\>\> hacer* correr, difundir; \<\<disease\>\> propagar*; \<\<fear\>\> sembrar*; \<\<ideas/culture\>\> diseminar, divulgar*3) ( cover)spread the surface thickly with adhesive — unte or embadurne la superficie con abundante pegamento
2.
vi1) \<\<disease\>\> propagarse*; \<\<liquid\>\> extenderse*; \<\<fire\>\> extenderse*, propagarse; \<\<ideas/culture\>\> diseminarse, divulgarse*; \<\<panic/fear\>\> cundir; \<\<influence/revolt\>\> extenderse*2) (extend in space, time) extenderse*3) \<\<paint\>\> extenderse*; \<\<butter\>\> untarse, extenderse*•Phrasal Verbs:
II
1) u ( diffusion - of disease) propagación f; (- of ideas) difusión f, divulgación f, diseminación f; (- of fire) propagación f; (- of nuclear weapons) proliferación f2) ua) (of wings, sails) envergadura fb) (range, extent)3) c ( Culin)a) ( meal) (colloq) festín m, banquete mb) ( paste) pasta para extender sobre pan, tostadas etccheese spread — queso m cremoso para untar
4) c (Journ, Print)5) c ( ranch) (AmE & Austral colloq & dial) finca f, hacienda f (AmL), estancia f (RPl), fundo m (Chi) -
34 shampoo
ʃæm'pu: 1. plural - shampoos; noun1) (a soapy liquid or other substance for washing the hair and scalp or for cleaning carpets, upholstery etc: a special shampoo for greasy hair; carpet shampoo.) sjampo2) (an act of washing etc with shampoo: I had a shampoo and set at the hairdresser's.) hårvask, sjamponering2. verb(to wash or clean with shampoo: She shampoos her hair every day; We shampooed the rugs yesterday.) vaske med sjampo, sjamponeresjampo--------sjamponereIsubst. (flertall: shampoos) \/ʃæmˈpuː\/1) sjampo2) sjamponering, hårvask3) (til teppe, bil eller møbler) vaskemiddel, rensemiddelshampoo and set ( hos frisøren) vask og leggIIverb \/ʃæmˈpuː\/1) sjamponere, vaske (håret)2) vaske, rense -
35 be going to
Оборот be going to1) Оборот be going to образуется путем сложения формы вспомогательного глагола be, причастия going и инфинитива смыслового глагола с частицей to.I' m going to work.
2) Оборот be going to употребляют, чтобы сообщить о чьем-либо намерении сделать что-либо. Оборот be going to часто переводят на русский язык с помощью глагола собираться. Но такой перевод возможен не всегда: см. п. 3 ниже.I have bought vegetables and I 'm going to make a salad — Я купила овощи и собираюсь сделать салат.
He was going to wash up — Он собирался помыть посуду.
He has been going to call on them this week — Он собирался посетить их на этой неделе.
They all gathered about her to say goodby, as tenderly as if she had been going to make a grand tour — Они собрались вокруг нее, чтобы попрощаться, так нежно, как если бы она собиралась в большое путешествие.
He is going to rub shoulders with men who walk hand in hand with death — Он собирается иметь дело с людьми, которые смотрят смерти в лицо.
3) Оборот be going to употребляют также, когда делается предположение или предсказание относительно будущего, и при этом в момент речи наблюдаются признаки того, что данное предположение верно.How pale she is! I'm sure she is going to faint — Как она бледна! Уверен, она сейчас упадет в обморок
Look at those clouds! It is going to rain — Посмотри на эти тучи! Сейчас пойдет дождь.
-
36 shampoo
ʃæm'pu:
1. plural - shampoos; noun1) (a soapy liquid or other substance for washing the hair and scalp or for cleaning carpets, upholstery etc: a special shampoo for greasy hair; carpet shampoo.) champú2) (an act of washing etc with shampoo: I had a shampoo and set at the hairdresser's.) lavado y marcado
2. verb(to wash or clean with shampoo: She shampoos her hair every day; We shampooed the rugs yesterday.) lavar (con champú)shampoo n champútr[ʃæm'pʊː]1 (product) champú nombre masculino2 (act) lavadoshampoo [ʃæm'pu:] vt: lavar (el pelo)n.• champú s.m.v.• lavar la cabeza a v.
I ʃæm'puːa) ( product) champú mb) ( act) lavado mshampoo and set — lavado m y marcado
II
transitive verb -poos, -pooing, -pooed \<\<hair\>\> lavar; \<\<carpet/upholstery\>\> limpiar[ʃæm'puː]1.N champú m2.VT [+ carpet] lavar con champú* * *
I [ʃæm'puː]a) ( product) champú mb) ( act) lavado mshampoo and set — lavado m y marcado
II
transitive verb -poos, -pooing, -pooed \<\<hair\>\> lavar; \<\<carpet/upholstery\>\> limpiar -
37 infect
transitive verb1) (contaminate) verseuchenthe wound became infected — die Wunde entzündete sich
3) (with enthusiasm etc.) anstecken* * *[in'fekt](to fill with germs that cause disease; to give a disease to: You must wash that cut on your knee in case it becomes infected; She had a bad cold last week and has infected the rest of the class.) infizieren- academic.ru/37946/infection">infection- infectious
- infectiously* * *in·fect[ɪnˈfekt]vt▪ to \infect sb/sth [with sth]hysteria about AIDS \infected the media die Aidshysterie griff auf die Medien übershe \infected everyone with her cheerfulness ihr Frohsinn war ansteckend* * *[ɪn'fekt]vt1) wound, blood infizieren; (lit) person anstecken, infizieren; water verseuchen, verunreinigen; meat verderbento be infected with or by an illness — sich mit einer Krankheit infiziert or angesteckt haben
his wound became infected — seine Wunde entzündete sich
this is likely to infect the rest of the economy — das breitet sich wahrscheinlich auf den Rest der Wirtschaft aus
2) (fig with enthusiasm etc) ansteckenfor a moment I was infected by her fear — für einen Augenblick ließ ich mich von ihrer Angst anstecken
* * *infect [ınˈfekt] v/twith mit;by durch):become infected sich infizieren oder anstecken;infected area verseuchtes Gebiet2. BOT befallen3. a) die Luft verpestenb) fig die Atmosphäre vergiftena) mitreißenb) (moralisch) verderben, (ungünstig) beeinflussen* * *transitive verb1) (contaminate) verseuchen3) (with enthusiasm etc.) anstecken* * *v.anstecken v.infizieren v. -
38 thing
[θɪŋ]n1) вещь, предмет- small thing- strange thing
- cheap things
- among other things
- enjoy all the good things in the world
- make things with one's hands2) (обыкновенно pl) вещи, имуществоHis things are always lying all over. — Его вещи вечно всюду разбросаны.
- keep one's things in one place- put one's things in order3) (обыкновенно pl) нательные вещи, одеждаShe had her things on and was ready to go. — Она была уже одета и готова выходить.
I haven't a thing to wear. — Мне совсем нечего носить.
- buy some new things for smb- put on one's things
- take off one's things
- leave one's things in the cloakroom
- leave one's things on the bank4) (обыкновенно pl) еда- avoid sweet and starchy thingsThere was not a thing to eat in the house. — Есть в доме было нечего.
5) (обыкновенно pl) принадлежности (для определенной цели)- cooking things
- one's shopping things
- clear breakfast things from the table
- wash tea things6) событие, явление, факт, случайThere is no such thing as this. — Такого явления не существует.
I don't like that sort of things. — Мне такие вещи не нравятся.
Strange things sometimes happen. — Иногда происходят странные вещи.
- thing of the past- one thing and another
- worry over every little thing
- take things easy
- take things as they come
- call things by their proper names- look at things from this point of view- one thing leads to another7) поступок, действиеIt is the last thing I want to do. — Я совсем не хочу так поступать.
That is not the right thing to do. — Так поступать нельзя.
I'll ring you up the first thing in the morning. — Я тебе позвоню сразу же утром.
- be careful in all things- do the proper thing at the proper time
- it was a dangerous thing to do
- best thing to do8) (обыкновенно pl) обстоятельства, обстановка, состояние делHow are things? — Как идут дела? /Какова обстановка?
Things cannot go on like this. — Так это не может продолжаться.
Things may go wrong. — Все может сорваться/пойти не так, как задумано.
Things look bad. — Дела выглядят из рук вон плохо. /От нынешнего состояния дел ничего хорошего ждать нельзя.
- state of things- think things over
- reason things out
- straighten things out
- simplify things
- as things go
- things have changed greatly9) делоIt is not an easy thing to do. — Это нелегкое дело.
I have several things to attend to. — Мне надо еще кое-что сделать/у меня еще несколько дел.
10) нечто, что-тоIt is the wrong thing. — Это совсем не то, что надо.
It is the funniest thing I've ever heard. — Никогда в жизни не слышал ничего более смешного.
We talked about a hundred things. — Мы говорили о множестве разных вещей.
- worst thing- important thing
- best thing
- convenient thing
- all sorts of things
- say one thing and mean another
- say the wrong thing
- say the first thing that comes to smb's head11) суть, сущность- thing is...- know a thing or two about smth•USAGE: -
39 shampoo
[ʃæm'pu:] 1. plural - shampoos; noun1) (a soapy liquid or other substance for washing the hair and scalp or for cleaning carpets, upholstery etc: a special shampoo for greasy hair; carpet shampoo.) sjampó2) (an act of washing etc with shampoo: I had a shampoo and set at the hairdresser's.) hárþvottur með sjampói2. verb(to wash or clean with shampoo: She shampoos her hair every day; We shampooed the rugs yesterday.) þvo með sjampói -
40 shampoo
sampon* * *[ʃæm'pu:] 1. plural - shampoos; noun1) (a soapy liquid or other substance for washing the hair and scalp or for cleaning carpets, upholstery etc: a special shampoo for greasy hair; carpet shampoo.) sampon2) (an act of washing etc with shampoo: I had a shampoo and set at the hairdresser's.) hajmosás2. verb(to wash or clean with shampoo: She shampoos her hair every day; We shampooed the rugs yesterday.) hajat mos (samponnal); meg-/kitisztít
См. также в других словарях:
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wash one's hands of — abandon, refuse responsibility for He washed his hands of the problem after they refused to deal with it. (from Idioms in Speech) to decline responsibility, to rid oneself of the responsibility for As far as Ken and Vicky were concerned, Davy had … Idioms and examples