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1 ἄκρος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `at the farthest point, topmost, outermost' (Il.). Old ἄκρα f., ἄκρον n. `highest or farthest point, headland, cape'; Hom. κατ' ἄκρης ( πόλιος) `from the highest point down' hence `completely, utterly', also κατ' ἄκρηθεν (which became κατὰ κρῆθεν through association with κάρα), s. Leumann Hom. Wörter 56ff.Compounds: ἀκρόπολις (Od.; the Iliad still has ἄκρη πόλις, Frisk IF 52, 282ff., Risch IF 59, 20); ἀκραής often interpreted as `blowing vehemently', but prob. orig.`blowing on\/from the heights'.Derivatives: ἄκρις, - ιος f. `hill-top, mountain peak' (Od.), always pl.; s. on ὄκρις. ἀκραῖος `dwelling on heights'.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [18] *h₂eḱ- `sharp, pointed; stone (?)'Etymology: The root *h₂eḱ- is widespread in IE, and ther are several r-derivatives: Skt. áśri- f. `corner, sharp side', catur-aśra- `quadrangular', Lat. ācer, - ris, -re (with unexplained length), W. PN Aχrotalus `with high forehead', OIr. ér `high', OLith. aštras, OCS ostrъ `sharp'. (For akro- in Illyrian s. Krahe Pannonia 1937, 310 n. 40, Karg WuS NF. 4, 183.) - Heth. ḫekur `rock(point)' is unrelated. - See further ἀκη, ἀκμή and ὄκρις. Connection with the root *h₂eḱ- was often unjustly assumed by modern scholarship, see e.g. ἀκαλήφη, ἀκόστη, ἄκορνα, ἀκριβής.Page in Frisk: 1,59-60Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄκρος
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2 ἄκμων
ἄκμων, - ονοςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `anvil' (Il.), also `meteoric stone' (Hes. Th. 722), = οὑρανός η σίδηρον H., = ἀλετρίβανος (`pestle'), Κύπριοι H.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [19] *h₂eḱmōn `stone'Etymology: Old word for `stone', found in several languages: Skt. áśman- m. `stone, heaven(?)' (a stone vault?, Reichelt IF 32, 23ff., Fraenkel KZ 63, 183f., cf. ἄκμων `meteoric stone' and `heaven'); Av. asman- `stone, heaven', OP. asman- `heaven'; Lith. akmuõ, -eñs `stone' (with regular depalatalization before m; ãšmens `sharp side, edge' with aš- from other positions). - The relation of these words to OCS kamy, - ene `stone' and the Germanic group ON hamarr `hammer' (orig. of stone) is much discussed. One supposes the root aḱ- `sharp' in ἀκή etc. On these questions see the lit. in Mayrh. EWAia 1.137, e.g. Maher, JIES 1 (1973) 441ff. and EIEC 547.Page in Frisk: 1,54Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄκμων
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3 γναθμός
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `jaw' (Hom.)Derivatives: PN of a parasite Γνάθων, with Γναθώνειος, Γναθωνίδης, Γναθωνάριον (Plu.). Denom. γναθόω `hit the jaw' (Phryn. Com.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: γναθμός from γνάθος after λαιμός, βρεχμός, ὀφθαλμός. - Always compared with Lith. žándas `id.', Latv. zuôds `chin, sharp side'; the Lith. acute was explained from a laryngeal, which is impossible for Greek; it can also have been caused by a following d (Winter-Kortlandt law). A preform *gn̥h₂dʰ- would have given *γνᾱθος, *gn̥h₂edʰ- *γαναθος; so a laryngeal is impossible for Greek, nor can - να- be derived from any other PIE form. (The Lithuanian form, which has a quite different structure, cannot be cognate.) The form must therefore be non-IE, i.e. Pre-Greek. Further connection with γένυς is improbable, as this is IE. Macedonian κάναδοι σιαγόνες, γνάθοι H. has also often been compared; this may well be cognate, as a Pre-Greek form; does it stand for *κναδοι? (with epenthesis? for which see Fur. 378); it has also been connected with κνώδων, κνώδαλον.Page in Frisk: 1,316Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > γναθμός
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4 γόμφος
Grammatical information: m.Derivatives: γομφίος ( ὀδών) `grinder-tooth' (Ion.-Att.), γομφίτης `kind of styrax' (Aët.; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 70), γομφάριον fish name (Sch.). - Denom. γομφόομαι, - όω `fasten with bolt or nails' (A.) with γόμφωσις (Gal.), γόμφωμα `frame-work, peg' (Plu.); γομφωτήρ `shipbuilder' (AP), γομφωτήριον `tenon' (Delos IIIa); γομφωτικη τέχνη `shipbuilding' (Pl.). - γομφιάζω `have toothache, gnash the teeth' (LXX) with γομφιασμός (LXX) and γομφίασις (Dsc.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [369] *ǵembh-, ǵombhos `bite; cutting tooth'Etymology: Old word for `tooth', prob. `cutting tooth': Skt. jámbha-, Alb. dhëmb, OCS zǫbъ, Latv. zùobs, Toch. A kam, B keme; cf. κόμβους ὀδόντας γομφίους H. (Illyrian? Krahe IF 60, 297). With metaph. meaning, e. g. OHG kamb `comb', and Lith. žam̃bas `sharp side'. - On the deviant meaning in Greek (from the use of the cutting teeth as pegs) s. Porzig Gliederung 184f. - Verbs in Skt. iterative jambháyati `grind'; and Lith. žembiù, žem̃bti `cut', OCS zębǫ `tear up'; on the meanings see Narten KZ 79 (1965) 255ff..Page in Frisk: 1,319-320Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > γόμφος
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5 ἀμβλύς
A blunt, dulled, with edge or point taken off, properly of a sharp instrument, opp. ὀξύς, Pl.Ly. 215e, Tht.<*> 65d; ἀ. γωνία obtuse angle, Id.Ti. 55a; ἀμβλεῖα, ἡ, sc. γωνία, Arist.Mech. 855a10, etc.; ἀ. πλευρά side adjacent to such angle, Hero *Geom.12.35, etc.2 of light, dim, faint, ὄρθρος Ion ap.Phot.p.89R.3 metaph., dim, faint, of sight, ἀμβλὺ ὁρᾶν, -ύτερον βλέπειν, Pl.Tht. 174e, Arist.PA 656b36, al.; of hearing, ; of the feelings or mind, less keen,Th.
3.38; less vigorous,Id.
2.65. Adv.ἀμβλέως Archig.
ap. Orib.8.2: [comp] Comp., v. supr.c of persons, in A.Eu. 238, of Orestes purified, having lost the edge of guilt: mostly, dull, spiritless, having lost keenness of feeling, E.Fr. 821; duller,X.
Mem.3.9.3; ἀ. εἴς, περί, or πρός τι dull or sluggish in a thing, Plu. Cat.Ma.24, Alc.30, D.S.11.43 ([comp] Comp.): abs., Th.2.40. Adv., [comp] Comp.- υτέρως J.AJ19.2.5
.II [voice] Act., making dull, darkening, of a cloud, AP7.367(Antip.).
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