proxĭmē

Mauri, ōrum, m. (Mauroi), the Moors, Mauritanians, the inhabitants of Mauritania:

proxime Hispaniam Mauri sunt,

Sall. J. 18, 10 sqq.; Plin. 5, 2, 1, § 17; 13, 15, 29, § 91; Liv. 21, 22, 3; Mel. 1, 4, 4.—In sing.: Maurus, i, m., a Moor, Juv. 11, 125; Luc. 4, 678.—Hence,

Maurus, a, um, adj., = Mauros, of or belonging to the Moors, Moorish, Mauritanian; also poet. for African:

Maurae manus, i. e. Poenorum arma,

Ov. F. 6, 213:

angues,

Hor. C. 3, 10, 18:

jacula,

id. ib. 1, 22, 2:

Oceanus,

Juv. 10, 148:

unda, i. e. mare Africum,

Hor. C. 2, 6, 3:

silvae filia Maurae, i. e. e citro facta,

Mart. 14, 90, 1:

postes, i. e. citrini,

Stat. S. 1, 3, 35.—

Maurĭcus, a, um, adj., Moorish: Maurica planta, Coripp. Joann. 2, 137.— Subst.: Maurĭcus, i, m., a Roman surname, Mart. 5, 28, 5.— Adv.: Maurĭcē, like a Moor, Varr. ap. Gell. 2, 25, 8.— And Maurĭcātim, as or like a Moor: Mauricatim scire, Laber. ap. Charis. p. 184 P. (Com. Rel. v. 16 Rib.).—

Maurītānĭa ( Maurēt-), ae, f., = Mauritania, a country of Africa, on the Mediterranean, between the Atlantic Ocean and Numidia, the modern Fez and Morocco; having been divided into M. Cæsariensis and Tingitana, it was called also in the plur. Mauritaniae, Caes. B. C. 1, 6; 39; Cic. Sull. 20, 56; Tac. H. 1, 11; 2, 58; 59; Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 2.— Hence, Maurītānĭcus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Mauritania: exercitus, on a coin of Hadrian, in Eckhel. D. N. V. t. 6, p. 498.—

Maurūsĭa, ae, f., = Maurousia, the Greek name of Mauritania, Vitr. 8, 2, 6.—Hence,

Maurūsĭăcus, a, um, adj., Moorish, Mauritanian:

citrus,

Mart. 12, 66, 6.—

Maurūsĭus, a, um, adj., = Maurousios, Maurusian, Mauritanian, African:

gens,

Verg. A. 4, 206:

pubes,

Sil. 11, 414.— Subst.: Maurūsĭi, ōrum, m., the Mauritanians, Liv. 24, 49.

Mauri, ōrum, m. (Mauroi), the Moors, Mauritanians, the inhabitants of Mauritania:

proxime Hispaniam Mauri sunt,

Sall. J. 18, 10 sqq.; Plin. 5, 2, 1, § 17; 13, 15, 29, § 91; Liv. 21, 22, 3; Mel. 1, 4, 4.—In sing.: Maurus, i, m., a Moor, Juv. 11, 125; Luc. 4, 678.—Hence,

Maurus, a, um, adj., = Mauros, of or belonging to the Moors, Moorish, Mauritanian; also poet. for African:

Maurae manus, i. e. Poenorum arma,

Ov. F. 6, 213:

angues,

Hor. C. 3, 10, 18:

jacula,

id. ib. 1, 22, 2:

Oceanus,

Juv. 10, 148:

unda, i. e. mare Africum,

Hor. C. 2, 6, 3:

silvae filia Maurae, i. e. e citro facta,

Mart. 14, 90, 1:

postes, i. e. citrini,

Stat. S. 1, 3, 35.—

Maurĭcus, a, um, adj., Moorish: Maurica planta, Coripp. Joann. 2, 137.— Subst.: Maurĭcus, i, m., a Roman surname, Mart. 5, 28, 5.— Adv.: Maurĭcē, like a Moor, Varr. ap. Gell. 2, 25, 8.— And Maurĭcātim, as or like a Moor: Mauricatim scire, Laber. ap. Charis. p. 184 P. (Com. Rel. v. 16 Rib.).—

Maurītānĭa ( Maurēt-), ae, f., = Mauritania, a country of Africa, on the Mediterranean, between the Atlantic Ocean and Numidia, the modern Fez and Morocco; having been divided into M. Cæsariensis and Tingitana, it was called also in the plur. Mauritaniae, Caes. B. C. 1, 6; 39; Cic. Sull. 20, 56; Tac. H. 1, 11; 2, 58; 59; Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 2.— Hence, Maurītānĭcus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Mauritania: exercitus, on a coin of Hadrian, in Eckhel. D. N. V. t. 6, p. 498.—

Maurūsĭa, ae, f., = Maurousia, the Greek name of Mauritania, Vitr. 8, 2, 6.—Hence,

Maurūsĭăcus, a, um, adj., Moorish, Mauritanian:

citrus,

Mart. 12, 66, 6.—

Maurūsĭus, a, um, adj., = Maurousios, Maurusian, Mauritanian, African:

gens,

Verg. A. 4, 206:

pubes,

Sil. 11, 414.— Subst.: Maurūsĭi, ōrum, m., the Mauritanians, Liv. 24, 49.

Mauri, ōrum, m. (Mauroi), the Moors, Mauritanians, the inhabitants of Mauritania:

proxime Hispaniam Mauri sunt,

Sall. J. 18, 10 sqq.; Plin. 5, 2, 1, § 17; 13, 15, 29, § 91; Liv. 21, 22, 3; Mel. 1, 4, 4.—In sing.: Maurus, i, m., a Moor, Juv. 11, 125; Luc. 4, 678.—Hence,

Maurus, a, um, adj., = Mauros, of or belonging to the Moors, Moorish, Mauritanian; also poet. for African:

Maurae manus, i. e. Poenorum arma,

Ov. F. 6, 213:

angues,

Hor. C. 3, 10, 18:

jacula,

id. ib. 1, 22, 2:

Oceanus,

Juv. 10, 148:

unda, i. e. mare Africum,

Hor. C. 2, 6, 3:

silvae filia Maurae, i. e. e citro facta,

Mart. 14, 90, 1:

postes, i. e. citrini,

Stat. S. 1, 3, 35.—

Maurĭcus, a, um, adj., Moorish: Maurica planta, Coripp. Joann. 2, 137.— Subst.: Maurĭcus, i, m., a Roman surname, Mart. 5, 28, 5.— Adv.: Maurĭcē, like a Moor, Varr. ap. Gell. 2, 25, 8.— And Maurĭcātim, as or like a Moor: Mauricatim scire, Laber. ap. Charis. p. 184 P. (Com. Rel. v. 16 Rib.).—

Maurītānĭa ( Maurēt-), ae, f., = Mauritania, a country of Africa, on the Mediterranean, between the Atlantic Ocean and Numidia, the modern Fez and Morocco; having been divided into M. Cæsariensis and Tingitana, it was called also in the plur. Mauritaniae, Caes. B. C. 1, 6; 39; Cic. Sull. 20, 56; Tac. H. 1, 11; 2, 58; 59; Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 2.— Hence, Maurītānĭcus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Mauritania: exercitus, on a coin of Hadrian, in Eckhel. D. N. V. t. 6, p. 498.—

Maurūsĭa, ae, f., = Maurousia, the Greek name of Mauritania, Vitr. 8, 2, 6.—Hence,

Maurūsĭăcus, a, um, adj., Moorish, Mauritanian:

citrus,

Mart. 12, 66, 6.—

Maurūsĭus, a, um, adj., = Maurousios, Maurusian, Mauritanian, African:

gens,

Verg. A. 4, 206:

pubes,

Sil. 11, 414.— Subst.: Maurūsĭi, ōrum, m., the Mauritanians, Liv. 24, 49.

magnus, a, um (archaic gen. magnai for magnae:

magnai reipublicai gratia,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 23), adj.; comp. mājor, us; sup. maxĭmus ( maxŭm-), a, um [root magh-; Sanscr. mahat, maba, great; Gr. megas; cf. meizôn for megiôn; cf. mêchos, majestas; also cf. root mak-; Gr. makros, and perh. makar], great, large.

Lit., of physical size or quantity, great, large; of things, vast, extensive, spacious, etc.: nequam et magnus homo, a great, tall fellow, Lucil. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 32 Mull.; cf.

the double meaning: tu, bis denis grandia libris Qui scribis Priami proelia, magnus homo es,

a great man, Mart. 9, 51, 4: magna ossa lacertique Apparent homini, Lucil. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1:

magna ossa lacertosque Exuit,

Verg. A. 5, 422: (scarus) magnusque bonusque, Enn. ap. App. Mag. p. 299 (Heduph. v. 9 Vahl.): indu mari magno, id. ap. Macr. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 425 Vahl.); so, in mari magno, id. ap. Fest. p. 356 Mull.; cf. Lucr. 2, 554:

magnus fluens Nilus,

Verg. G. 3, 28; Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 2:

magna et pulcra domus,

spacious, Cic. N. D. 2, 6, 17:

montes,

Cat. 64. 280; cf. Olympum, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 20 Mull. (Ann. v. 1 Vahl.):

templa caelitum,

vast, id. ib. 7, § 6 (Trag. v. 227 Vahl.): magnae quercus, great oaks, lofty oaks, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 194 Vahl.):

aquae,

great floods, inundations, Liv. 24, 9: saxa maxima, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37:

oppidum maximum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 23.—

Esp.

Of measure, weight, quantity, great, much, abundant, considerable, etc.:

maximum pondus auri, magnum numerum frumenti, vim mellis maximam exportasse,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 72, § 176:

magna pecunia mutua,

id. Att. 11, 3, 3:

copia pabuli,

Caes. B. G. 1, 16:

multitudo peditatus,

id. ib. 4, 34:

divitiae,

Nep. Dion. 1, 2:

populus,

Verg. A. 1, 148.—

Rarely of time, for longus, multus:

interea magnum sol circumvolvitur annum,

Verg. A. 3, 284:

magnum vocans solis (annum) comparatione lunaris,

Macr. S. 2, 11:

magno post tempore,

Just. 11, 10, 14; 32, 3, 10.—

Of the voice, loud, powerful, strong, mighty:

magna voce confiteri,

Cic. Caecin. 32, 92: major pars, the majority:

tribunorum,

Liv. 9, 46, 7.

Trop.

In gen., great, grand, mighty, noble, lofty, important, of great weight or importance, momentous: cum magnis dis, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 207 Vahl.); cf.: Saturnia magna dearum, id. ap. Prisc. p. 1103 P. (Ann. v. 482 Vahl.):

vir magnus in primis,

Cic. N. D. 1, 43, 120:

nemo igitur vir magnus sine aliquo adflatu divino umquam fuit,

id. ib. 2, 66, 167:

magnus hoc bello Themistocles fuit, nec minor in pace,

Nep. Them. 6, 1:

Cato clarus atque magnus habetur,

Sall. C. 53, 1:

amicus,

great, wealthy, Juv. 6, 312: res magnas parvasque Eloqui, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (Ann. v. 244 Vahl.):

virtus,

Caes. B. G. 2, 15:

infamia,

Cic. Fam. 1, 1:

eloquentia, gravitas, studium, contentio,

id. ib.:

multo major alacritas, studiumque pugnandi majus,

Caes. B. G. 1, 46:

causa,

great, important, weighty, Cic. Dom. 1, 1:

opus et arduum,

id. Or. 10, 33.— Absol. in neutr, sing. and plur.:

quamquam id magnum, et arduum est,

something great, Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 6: magna Di curant ( great things, important matters), parva neglegunt, id. N. D. 2, 66, 167:

magna loqui,

to say great things, speak boastfully, Tib. 2, 6, 11:

magnum est efficere, ut quis intellegat, quid sit illud, etc.,

it is a great, difficult, important thing, Cic. Ac. 1, 2, 7:

probitatem vel in eis, quos numquam vidimus, vel, quod majus est, in hoste etiam diligimus,

what is far greater, id. Lael. 9, 29: annus magnus, the great year, at the end of which the sun, moon, and planets were supposed to return to the same relative positions, the Piatonic year or cycle, consisting of 15000 years:

quarum (stellarum) ex disparibus motionibus, magnum annum mathematici nominaverunt, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 52; id. Fragm. ap. Tac. Or. 16.— Posit. in comparison: Alexander orbi magnus est, Alex. andro orbis angustus, great in comparison with, i. e. too great for, Sen. Suas. 1, 3.—

In partic.

Of age, with natu, advanced in years, of great age, aged:

jam magno natu,

Nep. Paus. 5; Liv. 3, 71, 3:

homo magnus natu,

id. 10, 38, 6.—Usually in the comp. and sup., with or without natu or annis, older, the elder, the oldest or eldest:

qui (Livius) fuit major natu quam Plautus et Naevius,

older than, earlier, Cic. Tusc. 1, 1, 3:

audivi ex majoribus natu,

id. Off. 1, 30, 109:

hic una e multis, quae maxima natu, Pyrgo,

Verg. A. 5, 644:

annos natus major quadraginta,

more than, Cic. Rosc. Am. 14, 39:

civis major annis viginti,

Suet. Caes. 42:

cum liberis, majoribus quam quindecim annos natis,

Liv. 45, 32.— Absol.: senis nostri frater major, the elder of two, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 13:

ex duobus filiis major, Caes B. C. 3, 108, 3: Fabii Ambusti filiae duae nuptae, Ser. Sulpicio major minor Licinio Stoloni erat,

Liv. 6, 34:

Gelo maximus stirpis,

id. 23, 30:

ut nubere vellet mulier viro, major juniori,

App. Mag. 27, p. 291, 28; cf.

in gen.: Cyrus major,

Lact. 4, 5, 7:

quaerere uter major aetate fuerit, Homerus an Hesiodus, cum minor Hecuba fuerit quam Helena,

Sen. Ep. 88, 5.—In legal lang., major (opp. minor), one who has attained his twenty-fifth year, who is of age:

si minor negotiis majoris intervenerit,

Dig. 4, 4, 24.—In plur. subst.: mājō-res, um, m., adults (opp. pueri), Varr. L. L. 9, 10, § 16 Mull.—But usually majores, ancestors, forefathers:

Itan tandem hanc majores famam tradiderunt tibi tui, Ut, etc.,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 16:

ibi mei sunt majores siti, pater, avos, proavos, abavos,

id. Mil. 2, 4, 20:

L. Philippus, vir patre, avo, majoribus suis dignissimus,

Cic. Phil. 3, 10, 25:

patres majoresque nostri,

id. Div. in Caecil. 21, 69:

more majorum,

id. Att. 1, 1, 1:

spes tamen una est, aliquando populum Romanum majorum similem fore,

id. Fam. 12, 22, 2:

majores natu,

Nep. Iphicr. 1, 1:

maxima virgo,

the eldest of the Vestal virgins, Ov. F. 4, 639: major erus, the old master, the master of the house, the old man (opp.: minor erus, the young master): Le. Ubinam est erus? Li. Major apud forum'st, minor hic est intus, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 63: majores natu, of the Senate:

de istis rebus in patria majores natu consulemus,

Liv. 1, 32, 10.—In designating relationship, magnus denotes kindred of the fourth, major of the fifth, and maximus of the sixth degree; so, avunculus magnus, a great-uncle; amita magna, a greataunt; avunculus or amita major; avunculus maximus, amita maxima, etc.; v. h. vv., and cf. Dig. 38, 10, 10.—

In specifications of value, in the neutr. absol., magni or magno, high, dear, of great value, at a high price, etc.; cf.: pretii majoris or maximi, higher, highest, very high:

magni esse,

to be highly esteemed, Cic. Fam. 13, 72, 2:

magni aestimare,

id. Tusc. 5, 7, 20:

magni existimans interesse ad decus,

to be of great consequence, id. N. D. 1, 4, 7:

emere agros poterunt quam volent magno,

id. Agr. 2, 13, 34:

magno vendere,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 30, § 71:

conducere aliquid nimium magno,

too high, too dear, id. Att. 1, 17, 9:

magno illi ea cunctatio stetit,

cost him dear, Liv. 2, 36.— Comp.:

ornatus muliebris majoris pretii,

Cic. Inv 1, 31, 51, rarely without pretii:

multo majoris alapae mecum veneunt,

dearer, higher, Phaedr. 2, 5, 25.— Sup.: te haec solum semper fecit maxumi, most highly prized, Ter And. 1, 5, 58:

senatus auctoritatem sibi maximi videri,

Cic. Att. 1, 14, 2: in majus, too greatly, too highly, greater than it is:

extollere aliquid in majus,

more highly than it deserves, Tac. A. 15, 30:

celebrare,

id. ib. 13, 8:

nuntiare,

id. H. 3, 38:

credere,

to believe a thing to be worse than it is, id. ib. 1, 18:

accipere,

to take a thing to be greater than it is, id. ib. 3, 8 init.: innotescere, in an exaggerated manner, id. ib 4, 50.—Also with abl., in majus vero ferri, Liv. 21, 32, 7.—

Magnum and maximum, adverbially, greatly, loudly (ante- and post-class.):

magnum clamat,

greatly, with a loud voice, aloud, Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 10:

inclamare,

Gell. 5, 9 fin.:

exclamat derepente maximum,

Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 57.—Hence, măgis, adv., only in comp. in this anomalous form (i. e. mag-ius, like pris-cus for [p. 1100] prius-cus, and pris-tinus for prius-tinus); and in sup.: maxĭmē ( maxŭmē).

Comp.: magĭs (apocop. form, măgĕ, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 51; 2, 3, 14; id. Mon. 2, 3, 35; id. Poen. 1, 2, 64; 1, 2, 14; id. Trin. 4, 3, 46; id. Truc. 1, 2, 75; 3, 1, 17; 4, 4, 34; Lucr. 4, 81; 756; 5, 1203; Prop. 1, 11, 9; 3 (4), 14, 2; 4 (5), 8, 16; Verg. A. 10, 481; Sol. 22 fin.; but in Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 2, magis or magi'. Acc. to Serv. Verg. A. 10, 481, Cicero in the Frumentaria wrote: mage condemnatum hominum in judicium adducere non posse), in a higher degree, more completely, more (for the difference between magis, plus, potius, and amplius, v. amplius).—

In gen.

With no qualifying words.

With the addition of the second term of the comparison.

With verbs:

quae (facinora) istaec aetas fugere magis quam sectari solet,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 28:

saliendo sese exercebant magis, quam scorto aut saviis,

id. Bacch. 3, 3, 25; id. Pers. 4, 4, 108; 86:

magis honorem tribuere quam salutem accipere,

Caes. B. G. 7, 20, 7:

nisi forte magis erit parricida, si qui consularem patrem, quam si quis humilem necarit,

Cic. Mil. 7, 17:

magis ut consuetudinem servem, quam quod, etc.,

id. Clu. 32, 89.—Repeated:

quam magis exhausto spumaverit ubere mulctra, Laeta magis pressis manabunt flumina mammis, i. e. quo magis,... eo magis,

Verg. G. 3, 309 sq.; cf.:

tam magis illa fremens... quam magis effuso crudescunt sanguine pugnae,

id. ib. 7, 787 sq.; v. Hand, Turs. III. p. 566.—Magis est, quod or ut, there is greater reason, there is more cause that, etc.:

quamobrem etsi magis est, quod gratuler tibi, quam quod te rogem: tamen etiam rogo, etc.,

Cic. Att. 16, 5, 2:

magis est, ut ipse moleste ferat, errasse se, quam ut, etc.,

id. Cael. 6, 14.—

With substt., usu. with quam: tu me amoris magis quam honoris servavisti gratia, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69: bellipotentes sunt magi' quam sapientipotentes, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 56, 116 (Ann. v. 188 Vahl.):

umbra es amantum magis quam amator,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 31:

magis adeo id facilitate quam alia ulla culpa mea contigit,

Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 15:

aditus ad consulatum non magis nobilitati quam virtuti pateret,

id. Mur. 8, 17:

magis ratione et consilio quam virtute vicisse,

Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 8; cf.:

ut magis virtute quam dolo contenderent,

id. ib. 1, 13, 6:

se magis consuetudine sua quam merito eorum civitatem conservaturum,

id. ib. 2, 32, 1:

timori magis quam religioni consulere,

id. B. C. 1, 67, 3:

jus bonumque apud eos non legibus magis quam natura valebat,

Sall. C. 9, 1:

non duces magis quam milites callent (obsistere, etc.),

Curt. 3, 2, 14.—And after negatives: non magis quam, as little as:

in dicendo irasci, dolere... non sunt figurae, non magis quam suadere,

Quint. 9, 1, 23:

Romanos nec magis jam dolo capi quam armis vinci posse,

Liv. 10, 4, 10:

pro certo habens non magis Antonio eripi se quam Caesari Brutum posse,

Sen. Suas. 6, 17:

non magis Alexandri saevitiam quam Bessi parricidium ferre potuisse,

Curt. 7, 6, 15; cf.:

nec magis post proelium quam in proelio caedibus temperatum est,

Liv. 2, 16, 9. —Followed by atque instead of quam (rare):

non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est,

Ter. And. 4, 2, 15.— With the comp. abl. (rare):

quid philosophia magis colendum?

Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 76:

quanto magis Aliensi die Aliam ipsam reformidaturos?

Liv. 6, 28, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.:

quam Juno fertur terris magis omnibus unam... coluisse,

Verg. A. 1, 15 (cf. B. 3. infra):

Albanum sive Falernum Te magis appositis delectat,

Hor. S. 2, 8, 17.—

With pronn.:

quid habetis, qui mage immortales vos credam esse quam ego siem?

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 64:

quis homo sit magis meus quam tu es?

id. Mil. 3, 1, 20:

quam mage amo quam matrem meam,

id. Truc. 3, 1, 17; cf.:

quem ego ecastor mage amo quam me,

id. ib. 4, 4, 34.—With utrum, followed by an:

jam scibo, utrum haec me mage amet, an marsupium,

Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 35.—With the abl. instead of quam:

nec magis hac infra quicquam est in corpore nostro,

Lucr. 3, 274; Verg. A. 1, 15.—

With adjj. and advv., and esp. with those which do not admit the comparative termination (most freq. without adding the second term of the comparison; v. under b. d): numquam potuisti mihi Magis opportunus advenire quam advenis, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 47:

neque lac lacti magis est simile, quam ille ego similis est mei,

id. Am. 2, 1, 54:

ars magis magna atque uber, quam difficilis et obscura,

Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 190:

corpora magna magis quam firma,

Liv. 5, 44, 4:

vultu pulchro magis quam venusto,

Suet. Ner. 51.—With the abl., Plaut. As. 3, 3, 114:

neque ego hoc homine quemquam vidi magis malum,

id. Ps. 4, 1, 27:

ab secundis rebus magis etiam solito incauti,

Liv. 5, 44, 6.—With compp. (adding to their force):

ita fustibus sum mollior miser magis quam ullus cinaedus,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 8. —

Without the addition of the second term.

With verbs: ergo plusque magisque viri nunc gloria claret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 315 Vahl.):

sapiunt magis,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 4:

magis curae est, magisque afformido, ne, etc.,

id. ib. 4, 10, 3:

magis metuant,

id. Mil. 5, 44:

tum magis id diceres, Fanni, si, etc.,

Cic. Lael. 7 fin.; cf. id. Rep. 1, 40, 62:

cum Pompeius ita contendisset, ut nihil umquam magis,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 20:

magis velle, for malle: quod magis vellem evenire,

Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 1; Val. Fl. 3, 270.—

With substt.: non ex jure manum consertum sed magi' ferro, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 276 Vahl.):

magis aedilis fieri non potuisset,

better, finer, Cic. Planc. 24, 60.—

With pronn.:

ecastor neminem hodie mage Amat corde atque animo suo,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 75.—

With adjj. and advv. (so most freq.).—With adjj.:

ut quadam magis necessaria ratione recte sit vivendum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 2:

magis anxius,

Ov. M. 1, 182:

hic magis tranquillu'st,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 55:

nihil videtur mundius, nec magis compositum quicquam, nec magis elegans,

Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 12:

nemo fuit magis severus nec magis continens,

id. ib. 2, 1, 21:

quod est magis verisimile,

Caes. B. G. 3, 13, 6:

magis admirabilis oratio,

Quint. 8, 3, 24:

magis communia verba,

id. 8, 2, 24 et saep.; rare: magis quam in aliis = praeter ceteros;

nescio quo pacto magis quam in aliis suum cuique pulchrum est,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 22, 63.— With advv.:

magis aperte,

Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 30:

magis impense,

id. ib. 5, 9, 36.—With compp. adding to their force:

magis est dulcius,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 22:

magis majores nugae,

id. Men. prol. 55:

magis modum in majorem,

id. Am. 1, 1, 145:

contentiores mage erunt,

id. Poen. 2, 15.—

Strengthened.

By etiam, multo, tanto, eo, hoc, quo, tam, quam; and negatively, nihilo:

qualis in dicendo Hierocles Alabandeus, magis etiam Menecles, frater ejus, fuit,

Cic. Brut. 95, 325; id. Off. 1, 21, 72:

illud ad me, ac multo etiam magis ad vos,

id. de Or. 2, 32, 139:

tanto magis Dic, quis est?

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 28:

ut quidque magis contemplor, tanto magis placet,

id. Most. 3, 2, 146:

vicina cacumina caelo, quam sint magis, tanto magis fument,

Lucr. 6, 460:

quanto ille plura miscebat, tanto hic magis in dies convalescebat,

Cic. Mil. 9, 25:

sed eo magis cauto est Opus, ne huc exeat, qui, etc.,

Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 22:

atque eo magis, si, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 1:

eoque magis quod, etc.,

id. Lael. 2, 7; Caes. B. G. 1, 23; 1, 47; 3, 14;

5, 1: immo vero etiam hoc magis, quam illi veteres, quod, etc.,

Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 97:

hoc vero magis properare Varro, ut, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 2, 20:

quo magis cogito ego cum meo animo,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 13; Nep. Thras. 2:

magis quam id reputo, tam magis uror,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 5:

tam magis illa fremens... Quam magis, etc.,

Verg. A. 7, 787:

quanto mage... tam magis,

Lucr. 4, 81 sq.:

quam magis in pectore meo foveo, quas meus filius turbas turbet... magis curae est magisque afformido, ne, etc.,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 10, 1; 4, 4, 27; id. Men. 1, 1, 19:

quam magis te in altum capessis, tam aestus te in portum refert,

id. As. 1, 3, 6:

densior hinc suboles Quam magis, etc.,

Verg. G. 3, 309:

cum Vercingetorix nihilo magis in aequum locum descenderet,

Caes. B. G. 6, 53.—

By reduplication: magis magisque, magis et magis, magis ac magis; and poet. also, magis magis, more and more: ex desiderio magis magisque maceror, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 182 P.:

cum cotidie magis magisque perditi homines tectis ac templis urbis minarentur,

Cic. Phil. 1, 2, 5; id. Fam. 2, 18, 2; 16, 21, 2; Sall. C. 5, 7; cf. Cic. Fil. Fam. 16, 21, 2:

de Graecia cotidie magis et magis cogito,

Cic. Att. 14, 18, 4; 16, 3, 1; id. Brut. 90, 308; Liv. 7, 32, 6; Sall. J. 8, 6:

magis deinde ac magis,

Suet. Vit. 10:

post hoc magis ac magis,

id. Gram. 3;

for which also: magisque ac magis deinceps,

id. Tit. 3; Tac. A. 14, 8; Sen. de Ira, 3, 1, 4; id. Ep. 114, 25; id. Ben. 2, 14, 4; Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 10; 7, 3, 4; 10, 28, 3.— Poet. also:

magis atque magis,

Verg. A. 12, 239; Cat. 68, 48:

post, vento crescente, magis magis increbescunt,

id. 64, 275; cf. Verg. G. 4, 311.—

Pleon.

With potius (anteclass.):

magis decorum'st Libertum potius quam patronum onus in via portare,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 99:

mihi magis lubet cum probis potius quam cum improbis vivere,

id. Trin. 2, 1, 38.—

With malle: quam cum lego, nihil malo quam has res relinquere;

his vero auditis multo magis,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 31, 76:

finge enim malle eum magis suum consequi quam, etc.,

Dig. 17, 2, 52, § 10. —

In partic.: non (neque) magis quam.

To signify perfect equality between two enunciations, no more... than; just as much... as; or neg., no more... than; just as little... as:

domus erat non domino magis ornamento quam civitati,

i. e. just as much to the city as to its owner, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 5; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 2:

non Hannibale magis victo a se quam Q. Fabio,

Liv. 22, 27, 2:

conficior enim maerore, mea Terentia, nec me meae miseriae magis excruciant quam tuae vestraeque,

Cic. Fam. 13, 3, 1; Liv. 9, 22.— Neg.: qui est enim animus in aliquo morbo... non magis est sanus, quam id corpus, quod in morbo est, i. e. is just as far from being sound as a body, etc., Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 10:

si aliqua in re Verris similis fuero, non magis mihi deerit inimicus quam Verri defuit,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 162; id. Fam. 5, 12, 3; id. de Or. 2, 8, 31:

non nascitur itaque ex malo bonum, non magis quam ficus ex olea,

Sen. Ep. 87, 25;

Quint. prooem. § 26: non magis Gaium imperaturum, quam per Baianum sinum equis discursurum,

Suet. Calig. 19. —Ellipt.:

nec eo magis lege liberi sunto,

just as little from that as from the rest, Cic. Leg. 3, 4, 11.—

For restricting the idea expressed in the clause with non magis, so that not more, according to a common figure of speech, = less; in Engl. not so much... as; less... than:

deinde credas mihi affirmanti velim, me hoc non pro Lysone magis quam pro omnibus scribere,

Cic. Fam. 13, 24; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 17:

miserebat non poenae magis homines, quam sceleris, quo poenam meriti essent,

Liv. 2, 5; 1, 28.—

Magis minusve, magis aut minus, or magis ac minus; post-Aug. for the usual plus minusve, more or less:

sed istud magis minusve vitiosum est pro personis dicentium,

Quint. 11, 1, 27; Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 220:

minora vero plerumque sunt talia, ut pro persona, tempore, loco, causa magis ac minus vel excusata debeant videri vel reprehendenda,

Quint. 11, 1, 14; Plin. 37, 5, 18, § 67:

quaedam tamen et nationibus puto magis aut minus convenire,

Sen. Ep. 40, 11; cf.:

quosdam minus aut magis osos veritatem,

id. Suas. 1, 5:

aut minus, aut magis,

id. Ep. 82, 14.—

With alius... alio, etc.: ceterae philosophorum disciplinae, omnino alia magis alia, sed tamen omnes, one more than another, i. e. in different degrees, Cic. Fin. 3, 3, 11 Madvig. ad loc. (al.:

alia magis, alia minus, v. Hand, Turs. III. p. 560): mihi videntur omnes quidem illi errasse... sed alius alio magis,

Cic. Fin. 4, 16, 43:

sunt omnino omnes fere similes, sed declarant communis notiones, alia magis alia,

id. Tusc. 4, 24, 53:

alii aliis magis recusare,

Liv. 29, 15, 11.— Sup.: maxĭmē( maxŭmē), in the highest degree, most of all, most particularly, especially, exceedingly, very, etc.

Lit.

Alone.

With a verb:

haec una res in omni libero populo maximeque in pacatis tranquillisque civitatibus praecipue semper floruit,

Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 30:

quid commemorem primum aut laudem maxime?

Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 14; 3, 1, 79:

nos coluit maxime,

id. Ad. 3, 2, 54:

quem convenire maxime cupiebam,

Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 30; id. As. 3, 3, 133:

de te audiebamus ea, quae maxime vellemus,

Cic. Fam. 12, 25, a, 7; cf. id. Att. 13, 1:

extra quos (fines) egredi non possim, si maxime velim,

id. Quint. 10, 35:

in re publica maxime conservanda sunt jura belli,

most especially, id. Off. 1, 11, 33: huic legioni Caesar propter virtutem confidebat maxime, [p. 1101] Caes. B. G. 1, 40:

quem Homero crederet maxime accedere,

came nearest to, Quint. 10, 1, 86; cf.

pugnare,

most violently, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 271; 1, 1, 44:

jubere,

most positively, id. Bacch. 4, 9, 80:

id enim est profecto, quod constituta religione rem publicam contineat maxime,

Cic. Leg. 2, 27, 69; cf. maxime fin.:

ab eo exordiri volui maxime,

id. Off. 1, 2, 4:

cernere naturae vim maxime,

id. Tusc. 1, 15, 35.—

With an adj.:

res maxime necessaria,

Cic. Lael. 23, 86:

loca maxime frumentaria,

Caes. B. G. 1, 10:

loci ad hoc maxime idonei,

Quint. 1, 11, 13:

maxime naturali carent amicitia,

Cic. Lael. 21, 80:

maxime feri,

Caes. B. G. 2, 4:

qui eo tempore maxime plebi acceptus erat,

id. ib. 1, 3:

idem ad augendam eloquentiam maxime accommodati erunt,

Quint. 1, 11, 13:

elegans maxime auctor,

id. 10, 1, 93:

maxime vero commune est quaerere, an sit honesta? etc.,

id. 2, 4, 37:

noto enim maxime utar exemplo,

id. 7, 3, 3.—So with supp.:

quae maxime liberalissima,

Cic. Att. 12, 38, 3:

maxime gravissimam omniumque (rerum),

Liv. 41, 23, 4 MS. (dub.: maxumam gravissimamque, Weissenb.). —

With numerals, at most:

puer ad annos maxime natus octo,

Gell. 17, 8, 4.—

With an adv.:

ut dicatis quam maxime ad veritatem accommodate,

Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 149 (v. infra 2).—

Strengthened by unus, unus omnium, omnium, multo, vel, tam, quam, etc. (supply potest):

qui proelium unus maxime accenderat,

Curt. 5, 2, 5:

cum sua modestia unus omnium maxime floreret,

Nep. Milt. 1, 1:

quae maxime omnium belli avida,

Liv. 23, 49; 4, 59; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 36, 19, 4:

atque ea res multo maxime disjunxit illum ab illa,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 85:

imperium populi Romani multo maxime miserabile visum est,

Sall. C. 36, 4:

illud mihi videtur vel maxime confirmare, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 65, 162:

hoc enim uno praestamus vel maxime feris,

id. de Or. 1, 8, 32:

quae quidem vel maxime suspicionem movent,

id. Part. Or. 33, 114:

quam potes, tam verba confer maxime ad compendium,

as much as possible, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 186:

ego jubeo quam maxime unam facere nos hanc familiam,

Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 2:

ut quam maxime permaneant diuturna corpora,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 45, 108; id. de Or. 1, 34, 154:

quo mihi rectius videtur, memoriam nostri quam maxime longam efficere,

Sall. C. 1, 3:

ceterum illum juvenem incipere a quam maxime facili ac favorabili causa velim,

Quint. 12, 6, 6.—

With the relative qui in the phrases, quam qui maxime and ut qui maxime:

tam enim sum amicus rei publicae, quam qui maxime,

as any one whatever, Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 6:

grata ea res, ut quae maxime senatui umquam fuit,

Liv. 5, 25; 7, 33.—

With ut quisque... ita (maxime, potissimum or minime), the more... the more (or less):

hoc maxime officii est, ut quisque maxime opis indigeat, ita ei potissimum opitulari,

Cic. Off. 1, 15, 49:

ut quisque magnitudine animae maxime excellit, ita maxime, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 19, 64; cf.

, in the contrary order: colendum autem esse ita quemque maxime, ut quisque maxime virtutibus his lenioribus erit ornatus,

id. ib. 1, 15, 47:

ut enim quisque maxime ad suum commodum refert, quaecumque agit, ita minime est vir bonus,

id. Leg. 1, 18, 49.—

In gradations, to denote the first and most desirable, first of all, in the first place:

hujus industriam maxime quidem vellem, ut imitarentur ii, quos oportebat: secundo autem loco, ne alterius labori inviderent,

Cic. Phil. 8, 10, 31; cf. id. Caecin. 9, 23:

si per eum reductus insidiose redissem, me scilicet maxime sed proxime illum quoque fefellissem,

id. Rab. Post. 12, 33:

in quo genere sunt maxime oves, deinde caprae,

Varr. R. R. 2, 9, 1:

maxime... dein,

Plin. 9, 16, 23, § 56:

sed vitem maxime populus videtur alere, deinde ulmus, post etiam fraxinus,

Col. 5, 6, 4:

maxime... deinde... postea... minume,

Plin. 37, 12, 75, § 196:

maxime... postea... ultimae,

Col. 6, 3, 6:

post Chium maxime laudatur Creticum, mox Aegyptium,

Plin. 18, 7, 17, § 77.—

Transf.

Like potissimum, to give prominence to an idea, especially, particularly, principally:

quae ratio poetas, maximeque Homerum impulit, ut, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 6, 6; Varr. R. R. 1, 51, 1:

scribe aliquid, et maxime, si Pompeius Italia cedit,

Cic. Att. 7, 12, 4: de Cocceio et Libone quae scribis, approbo:

maxime quod de judicatu meo,

id. ib. 12, 19, 2; id. Fin. 5, 1, 1:

cognoscat etiam rerum gestarum et memoriae veteris ordinem, maxime scilicet nostrae civitatis,

id. Or. 34, 120; id. Att. 13, 1, 2.—So in the connection, cum... tum maxime; tum... tum maxime; ut... tum maxime, but more especially:

scio et perspexi saepe: cum antehac, tum hodie maxime,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 56:

plena exemplorum est nostra res publica, cum saepe, tum maxime bello Punico secundo,

Cic. Off. 3, 11, 47; id. Att. 11, 6, 1; id. Fl. 38, 94:

tum exercitationibus crebris atque magnis, tum scribendo maxime persequatur,

id. de Or. 2, 23, 96:

longius autem procedens, ut in ceteris eloquentiae partibus, tum maxime, etc.,

id. Brut. 93, 320.— With nunc, nuper, tum, cum, just, precisely, exactly: Me. Quid? vostrum patri Filii quot eratis? M. Su. Ut nunc maxime memini, duo, just now, Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 58:

cum iis, quos nuper maxime liberaverat,

Caes. B. C. 3, 9:

ipse tum maxime admoto igne refovebat artus,

Curt. 8, 4, 25; 6, 6, 10; 5, 7, 2; Liv. 27, 4, 2 Drak.:

haec cum maxime loqueretur, sex lictores eum circumsistunt valentissimi,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 76, § 187;

2, 4, 38, § 72: totius autem injustitiae nulla capitalior, quam eorum, qui cum maxime fallunt, id agunt, ut viri boni esse videantur,

id. Off. 1, 13, 41; Liv. 4, 3; 30, 33:

tum cum maxime,

at that precise time, at that moment, Liv. 40, 13, 4; 40, 32, 1; 33, 9, 3; 43, 7, 8; so,

tunc cum maxime,

Curt. 3, 2, 17:

nunc cum maxime,

Cic. Clu. 5, 12; id. Sen. 11, 38; Liv. 29, 17, 7; v. 2. cum.—

In colloquial lang., to denote emphatic assent, certainly, by all means, very well, yes; and with immo, to express emphatic dissent, certainly not, by no means: Ar. Jace, pater, talos, ut porro nos jaciamus. De. Maxime, Plaut. As. 5, 2, 54; id. Curc. 2, 3, 36: Th. Nisi quid magis Es occupatus, operam mihi da. Si. Maxime, id. Most. 4, 3, 17; Ter. And. 4, 5, 23: Ca. Numquid peccatum est, Simo? Si. Immo maxime, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 80; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 31:

scilicet res ipsa aspera est, sed vos non timetis eam. Immo vero maxime,

Sall. C. 52, 28 (v. immo); v. Hand, Turs. III. p. 552-607.

Magnus, i, m., a Roman surname, e. g. Cn. Pompeius Magnus; v. Pompeius.

magnus, a, um (archaic gen. magnai for magnae:

magnai reipublicai gratia,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 23), adj.; comp. mājor, us; sup. maxĭmus ( maxŭm-), a, um [root magh-; Sanscr. mahat, maba, great; Gr. megas; cf. meizôn for megiôn; cf. mêchos, majestas; also cf. root mak-; Gr. makros, and perh. makar], great, large.

Lit., of physical size or quantity, great, large; of things, vast, extensive, spacious, etc.: nequam et magnus homo, a great, tall fellow, Lucil. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 32 Mull.; cf.

the double meaning: tu, bis denis grandia libris Qui scribis Priami proelia, magnus homo es,

a great man, Mart. 9, 51, 4: magna ossa lacertique Apparent homini, Lucil. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1:

magna ossa lacertosque Exuit,

Verg. A. 5, 422: (scarus) magnusque bonusque, Enn. ap. App. Mag. p. 299 (Heduph. v. 9 Vahl.): indu mari magno, id. ap. Macr. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 425 Vahl.); so, in mari magno, id. ap. Fest. p. 356 Mull.; cf. Lucr. 2, 554:

magnus fluens Nilus,

Verg. G. 3, 28; Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 2:

magna et pulcra domus,

spacious, Cic. N. D. 2, 6, 17:

montes,

Cat. 64. 280; cf. Olympum, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 20 Mull. (Ann. v. 1 Vahl.):

templa caelitum,

vast, id. ib. 7, § 6 (Trag. v. 227 Vahl.): magnae quercus, great oaks, lofty oaks, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 194 Vahl.):

aquae,

great floods, inundations, Liv. 24, 9: saxa maxima, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37:

oppidum maximum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 23.—

Esp.

Of measure, weight, quantity, great, much, abundant, considerable, etc.:

maximum pondus auri, magnum numerum frumenti, vim mellis maximam exportasse,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 72, § 176:

magna pecunia mutua,

id. Att. 11, 3, 3:

copia pabuli,

Caes. B. G. 1, 16:

multitudo peditatus,

id. ib. 4, 34:

divitiae,

Nep. Dion. 1, 2:

populus,

Verg. A. 1, 148.—

Rarely of time, for longus, multus:

interea magnum sol circumvolvitur annum,

Verg. A. 3, 284:

magnum vocans solis (annum) comparatione lunaris,

Macr. S. 2, 11:

magno post tempore,

Just. 11, 10, 14; 32, 3, 10.—

Of the voice, loud, powerful, strong, mighty:

magna voce confiteri,

Cic. Caecin. 32, 92: major pars, the majority:

tribunorum,

Liv. 9, 46, 7.

Trop.

In gen., great, grand, mighty, noble, lofty, important, of great weight or importance, momentous: cum magnis dis, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 207 Vahl.); cf.: Saturnia magna dearum, id. ap. Prisc. p. 1103 P. (Ann. v. 482 Vahl.):

vir magnus in primis,

Cic. N. D. 1, 43, 120:

nemo igitur vir magnus sine aliquo adflatu divino umquam fuit,

id. ib. 2, 66, 167:

magnus hoc bello Themistocles fuit, nec minor in pace,

Nep. Them. 6, 1:

Cato clarus atque magnus habetur,

Sall. C. 53, 1:

amicus,

great, wealthy, Juv. 6, 312: res magnas parvasque Eloqui, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (Ann. v. 244 Vahl.):

virtus,

Caes. B. G. 2, 15:

infamia,

Cic. Fam. 1, 1:

eloquentia, gravitas, studium, contentio,

id. ib.:

multo major alacritas, studiumque pugnandi majus,

Caes. B. G. 1, 46:

causa,

great, important, weighty, Cic. Dom. 1, 1:

opus et arduum,

id. Or. 10, 33.— Absol. in neutr, sing. and plur.:

quamquam id magnum, et arduum est,

something great, Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 6: magna Di curant ( great things, important matters), parva neglegunt, id. N. D. 2, 66, 167:

magna loqui,

to say great things, speak boastfully, Tib. 2, 6, 11:

magnum est efficere, ut quis intellegat, quid sit illud, etc.,

it is a great, difficult, important thing, Cic. Ac. 1, 2, 7:

probitatem vel in eis, quos numquam vidimus, vel, quod majus est, in hoste etiam diligimus,

what is far greater, id. Lael. 9, 29: annus magnus, the great year, at the end of which the sun, moon, and planets were supposed to return to the same relative positions, the Piatonic year or cycle, consisting of 15000 years:

quarum (stellarum) ex disparibus motionibus, magnum annum mathematici nominaverunt, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 52; id. Fragm. ap. Tac. Or. 16.— Posit. in comparison: Alexander orbi magnus est, Alex. andro orbis angustus, great in comparison with, i. e. too great for, Sen. Suas. 1, 3.—

In partic.

Of age, with natu, advanced in years, of great age, aged:

jam magno natu,

Nep. Paus. 5; Liv. 3, 71, 3:

homo magnus natu,

id. 10, 38, 6.—Usually in the comp. and sup., with or without natu or annis, older, the elder, the oldest or eldest:

qui (Livius) fuit major natu quam Plautus et Naevius,

older than, earlier, Cic. Tusc. 1, 1, 3:

audivi ex majoribus natu,

id. Off. 1, 30, 109:

hic una e multis, quae maxima natu, Pyrgo,

Verg. A. 5, 644:

annos natus major quadraginta,

more than, Cic. Rosc. Am. 14, 39:

civis major annis viginti,

Suet. Caes. 42:

cum liberis, majoribus quam quindecim annos natis,

Liv. 45, 32.— Absol.: senis nostri frater major, the elder of two, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 13:

ex duobus filiis major, Caes B. C. 3, 108, 3: Fabii Ambusti filiae duae nuptae, Ser. Sulpicio major minor Licinio Stoloni erat,

Liv. 6, 34:

Gelo maximus stirpis,

id. 23, 30:

ut nubere vellet mulier viro, major juniori,

App. Mag. 27, p. 291, 28; cf.

in gen.: Cyrus major,

Lact. 4, 5, 7:

quaerere uter major aetate fuerit, Homerus an Hesiodus, cum minor Hecuba fuerit quam Helena,

Sen. Ep. 88, 5.—In legal lang., major (opp. minor), one who has attained his twenty-fifth year, who is of age:

si minor negotiis majoris intervenerit,

Dig. 4, 4, 24.—In plur. subst.: mājō-res, um, m., adults (opp. pueri), Varr. L. L. 9, 10, § 16 Mull.—But usually majores, ancestors, forefathers:

Itan tandem hanc majores famam tradiderunt tibi tui, Ut, etc.,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 16:

ibi mei sunt majores siti, pater, avos, proavos, abavos,

id. Mil. 2, 4, 20:

L. Philippus, vir patre, avo, majoribus suis dignissimus,

Cic. Phil. 3, 10, 25:

patres majoresque nostri,

id. Div. in Caecil. 21, 69:

more majorum,

id. Att. 1, 1, 1:

spes tamen una est, aliquando populum Romanum majorum similem fore,

id. Fam. 12, 22, 2:

majores natu,

Nep. Iphicr. 1, 1:

maxima virgo,

the eldest of the Vestal virgins, Ov. F. 4, 639: major erus, the old master, the master of the house, the old man (opp.: minor erus, the young master): Le. Ubinam est erus? Li. Major apud forum'st, minor hic est intus, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 63: majores natu, of the Senate:

de istis rebus in patria majores natu consulemus,

Liv. 1, 32, 10.—In designating relationship, magnus denotes kindred of the fourth, major of the fifth, and maximus of the sixth degree; so, avunculus magnus, a great-uncle; amita magna, a greataunt; avunculus or amita major; avunculus maximus, amita maxima, etc.; v. h. vv., and cf. Dig. 38, 10, 10.—

In specifications of value, in the neutr. absol., magni or magno, high, dear, of great value, at a high price, etc.; cf.: pretii majoris or maximi, higher, highest, very high:

magni esse,

to be highly esteemed, Cic. Fam. 13, 72, 2:

magni aestimare,

id. Tusc. 5, 7, 20:

magni existimans interesse ad decus,

to be of great consequence, id. N. D. 1, 4, 7:

emere agros poterunt quam volent magno,

id. Agr. 2, 13, 34:

magno vendere,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 30, § 71:

conducere aliquid nimium magno,

too high, too dear, id. Att. 1, 17, 9:

magno illi ea cunctatio stetit,

cost him dear, Liv. 2, 36.— Comp.:

ornatus muliebris majoris pretii,

Cic. Inv 1, 31, 51, rarely without pretii:

multo majoris alapae mecum veneunt,

dearer, higher, Phaedr. 2, 5, 25.— Sup.: te haec solum semper fecit maxumi, most highly prized, Ter And. 1, 5, 58:

senatus auctoritatem sibi maximi videri,

Cic. Att. 1, 14, 2: in majus, too greatly, too highly, greater than it is:

extollere aliquid in majus,

more highly than it deserves, Tac. A. 15, 30:

celebrare,

id. ib. 13, 8:

nuntiare,

id. H. 3, 38:

credere,

to believe a thing to be worse than it is, id. ib. 1, 18:

accipere,

to take a thing to be greater than it is, id. ib. 3, 8 init.: innotescere, in an exaggerated manner, id. ib 4, 50.—Also with abl., in majus vero ferri, Liv. 21, 32, 7.—

Magnum and maximum, adverbially, greatly, loudly (ante- and post-class.):

magnum clamat,

greatly, with a loud voice, aloud, Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 10:

inclamare,

Gell. 5, 9 fin.:

exclamat derepente maximum,

Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 57.—Hence, măgis, adv., only in comp. in this anomalous form (i. e. mag-ius, like pris-cus for [p. 1100] prius-cus, and pris-tinus for prius-tinus); and in sup.: maxĭmē ( maxŭmē).

Comp.: magĭs (apocop. form, măgĕ, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 51; 2, 3, 14; id. Mon. 2, 3, 35; id. Poen. 1, 2, 64; 1, 2, 14; id. Trin. 4, 3, 46; id. Truc. 1, 2, 75; 3, 1, 17; 4, 4, 34; Lucr. 4, 81; 756; 5, 1203; Prop. 1, 11, 9; 3 (4), 14, 2; 4 (5), 8, 16; Verg. A. 10, 481; Sol. 22 fin.; but in Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 2, magis or magi'. Acc. to Serv. Verg. A. 10, 481, Cicero in the Frumentaria wrote: mage condemnatum hominum in judicium adducere non posse), in a higher degree, more completely, more (for the difference between magis, plus, potius, and amplius, v. amplius).—

In gen.

With no qualifying words.

With the addition of the second term of the comparison.

With verbs:

quae (facinora) istaec aetas fugere magis quam sectari solet,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 28:

saliendo sese exercebant magis, quam scorto aut saviis,

id. Bacch. 3, 3, 25; id. Pers. 4, 4, 108; 86:

magis honorem tribuere quam salutem accipere,

Caes. B. G. 7, 20, 7:

nisi forte magis erit parricida, si qui consularem patrem, quam si quis humilem necarit,

Cic. Mil. 7, 17:

magis ut consuetudinem servem, quam quod, etc.,

id. Clu. 32, 89.—Repeated:

quam magis exhausto spumaverit ubere mulctra, Laeta magis pressis manabunt flumina mammis, i. e. quo magis,... eo magis,

Verg. G. 3, 309 sq.; cf.:

tam magis illa fremens... quam magis effuso crudescunt sanguine pugnae,

id. ib. 7, 787 sq.; v. Hand, Turs. III. p. 566.—Magis est, quod or ut, there is greater reason, there is more cause that, etc.:

quamobrem etsi magis est, quod gratuler tibi, quam quod te rogem: tamen etiam rogo, etc.,

Cic. Att. 16, 5, 2:

magis est, ut ipse moleste ferat, errasse se, quam ut, etc.,

id. Cael. 6, 14.—

With substt., usu. with quam: tu me amoris magis quam honoris servavisti gratia, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69: bellipotentes sunt magi' quam sapientipotentes, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 56, 116 (Ann. v. 188 Vahl.):

umbra es amantum magis quam amator,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 31:

magis adeo id facilitate quam alia ulla culpa mea contigit,

Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 15:

aditus ad consulatum non magis nobilitati quam virtuti pateret,

id. Mur. 8, 17:

magis ratione et consilio quam virtute vicisse,

Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 8; cf.:

ut magis virtute quam dolo contenderent,

id. ib. 1, 13, 6:

se magis consuetudine sua quam merito eorum civitatem conservaturum,

id. ib. 2, 32, 1:

timori magis quam religioni consulere,

id. B. C. 1, 67, 3:

jus bonumque apud eos non legibus magis quam natura valebat,

Sall. C. 9, 1:

non duces magis quam milites callent (obsistere, etc.),

Curt. 3, 2, 14.—And after negatives: non magis quam, as little as:

in dicendo irasci, dolere... non sunt figurae, non magis quam suadere,

Quint. 9, 1, 23:

Romanos nec magis jam dolo capi quam armis vinci posse,

Liv. 10, 4, 10:

pro certo habens non magis Antonio eripi se quam Caesari Brutum posse,

Sen. Suas. 6, 17:

non magis Alexandri saevitiam quam Bessi parricidium ferre potuisse,

Curt. 7, 6, 15; cf.:

nec magis post proelium quam in proelio caedibus temperatum est,

Liv. 2, 16, 9. —Followed by atque instead of quam (rare):

non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est,

Ter. And. 4, 2, 15.— With the comp. abl. (rare):

quid philosophia magis colendum?

Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 76:

quanto magis Aliensi die Aliam ipsam reformidaturos?

Liv. 6, 28, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.:

quam Juno fertur terris magis omnibus unam... coluisse,

Verg. A. 1, 15 (cf. B. 3. infra):

Albanum sive Falernum Te magis appositis delectat,

Hor. S. 2, 8, 17.—

With pronn.:

quid habetis, qui mage immortales vos credam esse quam ego siem?

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 64:

quis homo sit magis meus quam tu es?

id. Mil. 3, 1, 20:

quam mage amo quam matrem meam,

id. Truc. 3, 1, 17; cf.:

quem ego ecastor mage amo quam me,

id. ib. 4, 4, 34.—With utrum, followed by an:

jam scibo, utrum haec me mage amet, an marsupium,

Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 35.—With the abl. instead of quam:

nec magis hac infra quicquam est in corpore nostro,

Lucr. 3, 274; Verg. A. 1, 15.—

With adjj. and advv., and esp. with those which do not admit the comparative termination (most freq. without adding the second term of the comparison; v. under b. d): numquam potuisti mihi Magis opportunus advenire quam advenis, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 47:

neque lac lacti magis est simile, quam ille ego similis est mei,

id. Am. 2, 1, 54:

ars magis magna atque uber, quam difficilis et obscura,

Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 190:

corpora magna magis quam firma,

Liv. 5, 44, 4:

vultu pulchro magis quam venusto,

Suet. Ner. 51.—With the abl., Plaut. As. 3, 3, 114:

neque ego hoc homine quemquam vidi magis malum,

id. Ps. 4, 1, 27:

ab secundis rebus magis etiam solito incauti,

Liv. 5, 44, 6.—With compp. (adding to their force):

ita fustibus sum mollior miser magis quam ullus cinaedus,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 8. —

Without the addition of the second term.

With verbs: ergo plusque magisque viri nunc gloria claret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 315 Vahl.):

sapiunt magis,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 4:

magis curae est, magisque afformido, ne, etc.,

id. ib. 4, 10, 3:

magis metuant,

id. Mil. 5, 44:

tum magis id diceres, Fanni, si, etc.,

Cic. Lael. 7 fin.; cf. id. Rep. 1, 40, 62:

cum Pompeius ita contendisset, ut nihil umquam magis,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 20:

magis velle, for malle: quod magis vellem evenire,

Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 1; Val. Fl. 3, 270.—

With substt.: non ex jure manum consertum sed magi' ferro, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 276 Vahl.):

magis aedilis fieri non potuisset,

better, finer, Cic. Planc. 24, 60.—

With pronn.:

ecastor neminem hodie mage Amat corde atque animo suo,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 75.—

With adjj. and advv. (so most freq.).—With adjj.:

ut quadam magis necessaria ratione recte sit vivendum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 2:

magis anxius,

Ov. M. 1, 182:

hic magis tranquillu'st,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 55:

nihil videtur mundius, nec magis compositum quicquam, nec magis elegans,

Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 12:

nemo fuit magis severus nec magis continens,

id. ib. 2, 1, 21:

quod est magis verisimile,

Caes. B. G. 3, 13, 6:

magis admirabilis oratio,

Quint. 8, 3, 24:

magis communia verba,

id. 8, 2, 24 et saep.; rare: magis quam in aliis = praeter ceteros;

nescio quo pacto magis quam in aliis suum cuique pulchrum est,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 22, 63.— With advv.:

magis aperte,

Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 30:

magis impense,

id. ib. 5, 9, 36.—With compp. adding to their force:

magis est dulcius,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 22:

magis majores nugae,

id. Men. prol. 55:

magis modum in majorem,

id. Am. 1, 1, 145:

contentiores mage erunt,

id. Poen. 2, 15.—

Strengthened.

By etiam, multo, tanto, eo, hoc, quo, tam, quam; and negatively, nihilo:

qualis in dicendo Hierocles Alabandeus, magis etiam Menecles, frater ejus, fuit,

Cic. Brut. 95, 325; id. Off. 1, 21, 72:

illud ad me, ac multo etiam magis ad vos,

id. de Or. 2, 32, 139:

tanto magis Dic, quis est?

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 28:

ut quidque magis contemplor, tanto magis placet,

id. Most. 3, 2, 146:

vicina cacumina caelo, quam sint magis, tanto magis fument,

Lucr. 6, 460:

quanto ille plura miscebat, tanto hic magis in dies convalescebat,

Cic. Mil. 9, 25:

sed eo magis cauto est Opus, ne huc exeat, qui, etc.,

Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 22:

atque eo magis, si, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 1:

eoque magis quod, etc.,

id. Lael. 2, 7; Caes. B. G. 1, 23; 1, 47; 3, 14;

5, 1: immo vero etiam hoc magis, quam illi veteres, quod, etc.,

Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 97:

hoc vero magis properare Varro, ut, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 2, 20:

quo magis cogito ego cum meo animo,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 13; Nep. Thras. 2:

magis quam id reputo, tam magis uror,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 5:

tam magis illa fremens... Quam magis, etc.,

Verg. A. 7, 787:

quanto mage... tam magis,

Lucr. 4, 81 sq.:

quam magis in pectore meo foveo, quas meus filius turbas turbet... magis curae est magisque afformido, ne, etc.,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 10, 1; 4, 4, 27; id. Men. 1, 1, 19:

quam magis te in altum capessis, tam aestus te in portum refert,

id. As. 1, 3, 6:

densior hinc suboles Quam magis, etc.,

Verg. G. 3, 309:

cum Vercingetorix nihilo magis in aequum locum descenderet,

Caes. B. G. 6, 53.—

By reduplication: magis magisque, magis et magis, magis ac magis; and poet. also, magis magis, more and more: ex desiderio magis magisque maceror, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 182 P.:

cum cotidie magis magisque perditi homines tectis ac templis urbis minarentur,

Cic. Phil. 1, 2, 5; id. Fam. 2, 18, 2; 16, 21, 2; Sall. C. 5, 7; cf. Cic. Fil. Fam. 16, 21, 2:

de Graecia cotidie magis et magis cogito,

Cic. Att. 14, 18, 4; 16, 3, 1; id. Brut. 90, 308; Liv. 7, 32, 6; Sall. J. 8, 6:

magis deinde ac magis,

Suet. Vit. 10:

post hoc magis ac magis,

id. Gram. 3;

for which also: magisque ac magis deinceps,

id. Tit. 3; Tac. A. 14, 8; Sen. de Ira, 3, 1, 4; id. Ep. 114, 25; id. Ben. 2, 14, 4; Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 10; 7, 3, 4; 10, 28, 3.— Poet. also:

magis atque magis,

Verg. A. 12, 239; Cat. 68, 48:

post, vento crescente, magis magis increbescunt,

id. 64, 275; cf. Verg. G. 4, 311.—

Pleon.

With potius (anteclass.):

magis decorum'st Libertum potius quam patronum onus in via portare,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 99:

mihi magis lubet cum probis potius quam cum improbis vivere,

id. Trin. 2, 1, 38.—

With malle: quam cum lego, nihil malo quam has res relinquere;

his vero auditis multo magis,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 31, 76:

finge enim malle eum magis suum consequi quam, etc.,

Dig. 17, 2, 52, § 10. —

In partic.: non (neque) magis quam.

To signify perfect equality between two enunciations, no more... than; just as much... as; or neg., no more... than; just as little... as:

domus erat non domino magis ornamento quam civitati,

i. e. just as much to the city as to its owner, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 5; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 2:

non Hannibale magis victo a se quam Q. Fabio,

Liv. 22, 27, 2:

conficior enim maerore, mea Terentia, nec me meae miseriae magis excruciant quam tuae vestraeque,

Cic. Fam. 13, 3, 1; Liv. 9, 22.— Neg.: qui est enim animus in aliquo morbo... non magis est sanus, quam id corpus, quod in morbo est, i. e. is just as far from being sound as a body, etc., Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 10:

si aliqua in re Verris similis fuero, non magis mihi deerit inimicus quam Verri defuit,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 162; id. Fam. 5, 12, 3; id. de Or. 2, 8, 31:

non nascitur itaque ex malo bonum, non magis quam ficus ex olea,

Sen. Ep. 87, 25;

Quint. prooem. § 26: non magis Gaium imperaturum, quam per Baianum sinum equis discursurum,

Suet. Calig. 19. —Ellipt.:

nec eo magis lege liberi sunto,

just as little from that as from the rest, Cic. Leg. 3, 4, 11.—

For restricting the idea expressed in the clause with non magis, so that not more, according to a common figure of speech, = less; in Engl. not so much... as; less... than:

deinde credas mihi affirmanti velim, me hoc non pro Lysone magis quam pro omnibus scribere,

Cic. Fam. 13, 24; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 17:

miserebat non poenae magis homines, quam sceleris, quo poenam meriti essent,

Liv. 2, 5; 1, 28.—

Magis minusve, magis aut minus, or magis ac minus; post-Aug. for the usual plus minusve, more or less:

sed istud magis minusve vitiosum est pro personis dicentium,

Quint. 11, 1, 27; Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 220:

minora vero plerumque sunt talia, ut pro persona, tempore, loco, causa magis ac minus vel excusata debeant videri vel reprehendenda,

Quint. 11, 1, 14; Plin. 37, 5, 18, § 67:

quaedam tamen et nationibus puto magis aut minus convenire,

Sen. Ep. 40, 11; cf.:

quosdam minus aut magis osos veritatem,

id. Suas. 1, 5:

aut minus, aut magis,

id. Ep. 82, 14.—

With alius... alio, etc.: ceterae philosophorum disciplinae, omnino alia magis alia, sed tamen omnes, one more than another, i. e. in different degrees, Cic. Fin. 3, 3, 11 Madvig. ad loc. (al.:

alia magis, alia minus, v. Hand, Turs. III. p. 560): mihi videntur omnes quidem illi errasse... sed alius alio magis,

Cic. Fin. 4, 16, 43:

sunt omnino omnes fere similes, sed declarant communis notiones, alia magis alia,

id. Tusc. 4, 24, 53:

alii aliis magis recusare,

Liv. 29, 15, 11.— Sup.: maxĭmē( maxŭmē), in the highest degree, most of all, most particularly, especially, exceedingly, very, etc.

Lit.

Alone.

With a verb:

haec una res in omni libero populo maximeque in pacatis tranquillisque civitatibus praecipue semper floruit,

Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 30:

quid commemorem primum aut laudem maxime?

Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 14; 3, 1, 79:

nos coluit maxime,

id. Ad. 3, 2, 54:

quem convenire maxime cupiebam,

Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 30; id. As. 3, 3, 133:

de te audiebamus ea, quae maxime vellemus,

Cic. Fam. 12, 25, a, 7; cf. id. Att. 13, 1:

extra quos (fines) egredi non possim, si maxime velim,

id. Quint. 10, 35:

in re publica maxime conservanda sunt jura belli,

most especially, id. Off. 1, 11, 33: huic legioni Caesar propter virtutem confidebat maxime, [p. 1101] Caes. B. G. 1, 40:

quem Homero crederet maxime accedere,

came nearest to, Quint. 10, 1, 86; cf.

pugnare,

most violently, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 271; 1, 1, 44:

jubere,

most positively, id. Bacch. 4, 9, 80:

id enim est profecto, quod constituta religione rem publicam contineat maxime,

Cic. Leg. 2, 27, 69; cf. maxime fin.:

ab eo exordiri volui maxime,

id. Off. 1, 2, 4:

cernere naturae vim maxime,

id. Tusc. 1, 15, 35.—

With an adj.:

res maxime necessaria,

Cic. Lael. 23, 86:

loca maxime frumentaria,

Caes. B. G. 1, 10:

loci ad hoc maxime idonei,

Quint. 1, 11, 13:

maxime naturali carent amicitia,

Cic. Lael. 21, 80:

maxime feri,

Caes. B. G. 2, 4:

qui eo tempore maxime plebi acceptus erat,

id. ib. 1, 3:

idem ad augendam eloquentiam maxime accommodati erunt,

Quint. 1, 11, 13:

elegans maxime auctor,

id. 10, 1, 93:

maxime vero commune est quaerere, an sit honesta? etc.,

id. 2, 4, 37:

noto enim maxime utar exemplo,

id. 7, 3, 3.—So with supp.:

quae maxime liberalissima,

Cic. Att. 12, 38, 3:

maxime gravissimam omniumque (rerum),

Liv. 41, 23, 4 MS. (dub.: maxumam gravissimamque, Weissenb.). —

With numerals, at most:

puer ad annos maxime natus octo,

Gell. 17, 8, 4.—

With an adv.:

ut dicatis quam maxime ad veritatem accommodate,

Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 149 (v. infra 2).—

Strengthened by unus, unus omnium, omnium, multo, vel, tam, quam, etc. (supply potest):

qui proelium unus maxime accenderat,

Curt. 5, 2, 5:

cum sua modestia unus omnium maxime floreret,

Nep. Milt. 1, 1:

quae maxime omnium belli avida,

Liv. 23, 49; 4, 59; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 36, 19, 4:

atque ea res multo maxime disjunxit illum ab illa,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 85:

imperium populi Romani multo maxime miserabile visum est,

Sall. C. 36, 4:

illud mihi videtur vel maxime confirmare, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 65, 162:

hoc enim uno praestamus vel maxime feris,

id. de Or. 1, 8, 32:

quae quidem vel maxime suspicionem movent,

id. Part. Or. 33, 114:

quam potes, tam verba confer maxime ad compendium,

as much as possible, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 186:

ego jubeo quam maxime unam facere nos hanc familiam,

Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 2:

ut quam maxime permaneant diuturna corpora,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 45, 108; id. de Or. 1, 34, 154:

quo mihi rectius videtur, memoriam nostri quam maxime longam efficere,

Sall. C. 1, 3:

ceterum illum juvenem incipere a quam maxime facili ac favorabili causa velim,

Quint. 12, 6, 6.—

With the relative qui in the phrases, quam qui maxime and ut qui maxime:

tam enim sum amicus rei publicae, quam qui maxime,

as any one whatever, Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 6:

grata ea res, ut quae maxime senatui umquam fuit,

Liv. 5, 25; 7, 33.—

With ut quisque... ita (maxime, potissimum or minime), the more... the more (or less):

hoc maxime officii est, ut quisque maxime opis indigeat, ita ei potissimum opitulari,

Cic. Off. 1, 15, 49:

ut quisque magnitudine animae maxime excellit, ita maxime, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 19, 64; cf.

, in the contrary order: colendum autem esse ita quemque maxime, ut quisque maxime virtutibus his lenioribus erit ornatus,

id. ib. 1, 15, 47:

ut enim quisque maxime ad suum commodum refert, quaecumque agit, ita minime est vir bonus,

id. Leg. 1, 18, 49.—

In gradations, to denote the first and most desirable, first of all, in the first place:

hujus industriam maxime quidem vellem, ut imitarentur ii, quos oportebat: secundo autem loco, ne alterius labori inviderent,

Cic. Phil. 8, 10, 31; cf. id. Caecin. 9, 23:

si per eum reductus insidiose redissem, me scilicet maxime sed proxime illum quoque fefellissem,

id. Rab. Post. 12, 33:

in quo genere sunt maxime oves, deinde caprae,

Varr. R. R. 2, 9, 1:

maxime... dein,

Plin. 9, 16, 23, § 56:

sed vitem maxime populus videtur alere, deinde ulmus, post etiam fraxinus,

Col. 5, 6, 4:

maxime... deinde... postea... minume,

Plin. 37, 12, 75, § 196:

maxime... postea... ultimae,

Col. 6, 3, 6:

post Chium maxime laudatur Creticum, mox Aegyptium,

Plin. 18, 7, 17, § 77.—

Transf.

Like potissimum, to give prominence to an idea, especially, particularly, principally:

quae ratio poetas, maximeque Homerum impulit, ut, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 6, 6; Varr. R. R. 1, 51, 1:

scribe aliquid, et maxime, si Pompeius Italia cedit,

Cic. Att. 7, 12, 4: de Cocceio et Libone quae scribis, approbo:

maxime quod de judicatu meo,

id. ib. 12, 19, 2; id. Fin. 5, 1, 1:

cognoscat etiam rerum gestarum et memoriae veteris ordinem, maxime scilicet nostrae civitatis,

id. Or. 34, 120; id. Att. 13, 1, 2.—So in the connection, cum... tum maxime; tum... tum maxime; ut... tum maxime, but more especially:

scio et perspexi saepe: cum antehac, tum hodie maxime,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 56:

plena exemplorum est nostra res publica, cum saepe, tum maxime bello Punico secundo,

Cic. Off. 3, 11, 47; id. Att. 11, 6, 1; id. Fl. 38, 94:

tum exercitationibus crebris atque magnis, tum scribendo maxime persequatur,

id. de Or. 2, 23, 96:

longius autem procedens, ut in ceteris eloquentiae partibus, tum maxime, etc.,

id. Brut. 93, 320.— With nunc, nuper, tum, cum, just, precisely, exactly: Me. Quid? vostrum patri Filii quot eratis? M. Su. Ut nunc maxime memini, duo, just now, Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 58:

cum iis, quos nuper maxime liberaverat,

Caes. B. C. 3, 9:

ipse tum maxime admoto igne refovebat artus,

Curt. 8, 4, 25; 6, 6, 10; 5, 7, 2; Liv. 27, 4, 2 Drak.:

haec cum maxime loqueretur, sex lictores eum circumsistunt valentissimi,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 76, § 187;

2, 4, 38, § 72: totius autem injustitiae nulla capitalior, quam eorum, qui cum maxime fallunt, id agunt, ut viri boni esse videantur,

id. Off. 1, 13, 41; Liv. 4, 3; 30, 33:

tum cum maxime,

at that precise time, at that moment, Liv. 40, 13, 4; 40, 32, 1; 33, 9, 3; 43, 7, 8; so,

tunc cum maxime,

Curt. 3, 2, 17:

nunc cum maxime,

Cic. Clu. 5, 12; id. Sen. 11, 38; Liv. 29, 17, 7; v. 2. cum.—

In colloquial lang., to denote emphatic assent, certainly, by all means, very well, yes; and with immo, to express emphatic dissent, certainly not, by no means: Ar. Jace, pater, talos, ut porro nos jaciamus. De. Maxime, Plaut. As. 5, 2, 54; id. Curc. 2, 3, 36: Th. Nisi quid magis Es occupatus, operam mihi da. Si. Maxime, id. Most. 4, 3, 17; Ter. And. 4, 5, 23: Ca. Numquid peccatum est, Simo? Si. Immo maxime, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 80; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 31:

scilicet res ipsa aspera est, sed vos non timetis eam. Immo vero maxime,

Sall. C. 52, 28 (v. immo); v. Hand, Turs. III. p. 552-607.

Magnus, i, m., a Roman surname, e. g. Cn. Pompeius Magnus; v. Pompeius.

prŏpe, adv. and prep. [pro and demonstr suff. -pe (cf.: nempe, quippe), = Sanscr. -pa].

Adv. ( comp. propius, and sup. proxime, v. under propior), near, nigh (class.).

Lit., in space:

quaenam vox mihi prope hic sonat? Quis hic loquitur prope?

Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 10:

prope ad aliquem adire,

id. Cas. 3, 5, 32:

aedes accedere,

id. Most. 2, 2, 16:

prope alicubi esse,

Cic. Fam. 9, 7, 1:

intueri aliquid (opp. procul),

id. Sen. 14, 48.—

With ab, near to, near by, hard by:

bellum tam prope a Siciliā,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 6:

prope a meis aedibus,

id. Pis. 11, 26:

prope ab domo detineri,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 3, § 6.—So, comp.:

stellae, aliae propius a terris, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 87:

propius visere mala reipublicae,

Tac. A. 6, 26.—

Transf.

In time, near, not far off: partus instabat prope, was near at hand, Ter Ad. 3, 2, 9.—Esp. with quando, cum, ut, the time is near or not far off, when, etc.:

prope est, quando herus pretium exsolvet,

Plaut. Men. 5, 6, 25:

prope adest, quom alieno more vivendum est mihi,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 125:

partitudo prope adest, ut fiat palam,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 3, 9; Flor. 3, 17, 2:

nox prope diremit colloquium,

i. e. the approach of night, Liv. 34, 33, 3; cf. id. 32, 28, 7; 5, 16, 5.—

In degree, nearly, almost, about (cf.:

pene, ferme, fere): ejus filiam ille amare coepit perdite, Prope jam ut pro uxore haberet,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 45; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 10:

prope funeratus Arboris ictu,

Hor. C. 3, 8, 7:

prope firmissima earum regionum civitas,

Caes. B. G. 5, 20:

annos prope nonaginta natus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 62:

prope desperatis rebus,

id. Fam. 7, 28, 1:

sic prope oneratum est sinistrum cornu, ni, etc.,

Liv. 2, 65, 4; cf. id. 40, 32:

prope est factum ut exirent,

id. 25, 21:

prope est ut aliquid fiat,

something must be done, Dig. 35, 1, 67:

prope perditae res,

Liv. 5, 46, 7:

Fidenae prope saepius captae, quam, etc.,

id. 4, 32, 2:

prope desertum oppidum,

id. 4, 51, 8.—After the word it qualifies:

biennium prope,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 25, § 62:

princeps prope Stoicorum,

id. Ac. 2, 33, 107:

eisdem prope verbis,

id. Leg. 2, 25, 64: his prope verbis id. Fin. 4, 6, 15: cursu prope Chalcidem contendit, Liv. 31, 24, 2:

admirabilior prope,

id. 22, 37, 3:

omnes prope,

id. 1, 14, 4; 23, 49, 14; 30, 30, 8.— Comp.:

propius nihil est factum, quam ut, etc.,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 15:

neque quidquam propius est factum, quam ut, etc.,

id. Clu. 21, 59.—

Trop., comp. propius, with inspicio, considero, nosco, etc., more closely, better (post - Aug.):

qualis esset ejus (mortis) velut propius inspectae natura,

Sen. Ep. 30, 8:

propius inspicere aliquem,

id. ib. 5, 6:

dixit futurum ut diviti displiceret propius inspectus,

id. Contr. 2, 9, 21, B.; 4, 15, 3;

10, 95, 1: quam (lancem) cum Agamemnon propius consideraret,

Petr. 1, 50:

propius noscendum,

Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 7; cf. penitus.—

Prep. with acc.

Lit., in space, near, near by, hard by:

prope oppidum,

Caes. B. G. 7, 36:

prope hostium castra,

id. ib. 1, 22:

prope amnem,

Verg. A. 8, 597:

non modo prope me, sed plane mecum habitare,

Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 4:

sedens prope limina tecti,

Ov. F. 1, 137.—

Transf.

In time, nigh, towards, about:

prope lucem,

towards daybreak, Suet. Claud. 44.—

Of abstract proximity, near to, almost to, not far from:

prope metum res fuerat,

Liv. 1, 25 fin.:

prope seditionem ventum est,

Tac. H. 3, 21; Dig. 17, 1, 29.

Quĭrīnālis, e (abl. QVIRINALE, Kalend. in lnscr. Orell. 2, p. 396), adj. [Quirinus].

Of or belonging to Quirinus ( Romulus), Quirinal:

Quirinalis flamen,

priest of Romulus, Varr. L. L. 7, § 45 Müll.: lituus, such as Romulus bore (an historical prolepsis), Verg. A. 7, 187:

trabea,

id. ib. 7, 612: collis Quirinalis, the Quirinal Hill, the Quirinal, one of the seven hills of Rome, now Monte Cavallo:

collis Quirinalis ob Quirini fanum: sunt qui a Quiritibus, qui cum T. Tatio Curibus venerunt Romam, quod ibi habuerunt castra,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 51 Müll.; cf.: Quirinalis collis qui nunc dicitur, olim Agonus appellabatur, ante quam in eum commigrarent fere Sabini Curibus venientes, post foedus inter Romulum et Tatium ictum:

a quo hanc appellationem sortitus est: quamvis existiment quidam quod in eo factum sit templum Quirino, ita dictum,

Fest. p. 254 Müll.; and:

templa Deo (Quirino) fiunt: collis quoque dictus ab illo,

Ov. F. 2, 511: collis Quirinalis terticeps cis aedem Quirini, an ancient formula in Varr. L. L. 5, § 51 Müll.; also,

Quirinale jugum,

Ov. F. 6, 218: Quirinalis porta dicta sive quod ea in collem Quirinalem itur, seu quod proxime eam est Quirini sacellum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 255 Müll.—

Subst.: Quĭrīnā-lĭa, ĭum, n., the festival in honor of Romulus, celebrated annually on the 17 th of February (XIII. Cal. Mart.), the Quirinal festival, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 4; 2, 13, 3.

Quĭrīnālis, e (abl. QVIRINALE, Kalend. in lnscr. Orell. 2, p. 396), adj. [Quirinus].

Of or belonging to Quirinus ( Romulus), Quirinal:

Quirinalis flamen,

priest of Romulus, Varr. L. L. 7, § 45 Müll.: lituus, such as Romulus bore (an historical prolepsis), Verg. A. 7, 187:

trabea,

id. ib. 7, 612: collis Quirinalis, the Quirinal Hill, the Quirinal, one of the seven hills of Rome, now Monte Cavallo:

collis Quirinalis ob Quirini fanum: sunt qui a Quiritibus, qui cum T. Tatio Curibus venerunt Romam, quod ibi habuerunt castra,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 51 Müll.; cf.: Quirinalis collis qui nunc dicitur, olim Agonus appellabatur, ante quam in eum commigrarent fere Sabini Curibus venientes, post foedus inter Romulum et Tatium ictum:

a quo hanc appellationem sortitus est: quamvis existiment quidam quod in eo factum sit templum Quirino, ita dictum,

Fest. p. 254 Müll.; and:

templa Deo (Quirino) fiunt: collis quoque dictus ab illo,

Ov. F. 2, 511: collis Quirinalis terticeps cis aedem Quirini, an ancient formula in Varr. L. L. 5, § 51 Müll.; also,

Quirinale jugum,

Ov. F. 6, 218: Quirinalis porta dicta sive quod ea in collem Quirinalem itur, seu quod proxime eam est Quirini sacellum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 255 Müll.—

Subst.: Quĭrīnā-lĭa, ĭum, n., the festival in honor of Romulus, celebrated annually on the 17 th of February (XIII. Cal. Mart.), the Quirinal festival, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 4; 2, 13, 3.

quŏque, conj., also, too (subjoined to the emphatic word in a clause) [etym. dub.; perh. for quomque; v. Rib. Lat. Part. p. 23 sq.]:

quă de causa Helvetii quoque reliquos Gallos virtute praecedunt,

Caes. B. G. 1, 1:

me scilicet maxime, sed proxime illum quoque fefellissem,

Cic. Rab. Post. 12, 33:

patriae quis exsul Se quoque fugit?

Hor. C. 2, 16, 20:

me quoque,

id. ib. 1, 16, 22:

te quoque,

id. S. 2, 3, 312:

non sophistae solum, sed philosophi quoque,

Gell. 17, 12, 1:

quoque enim,

Liv. 2, 18, 4; 3, 50, 7; 23, 12, 15; 27, 22, 9; 30, 1, 3 al.; cf. Madv. ad Cic. Fam. 2, 33, 108, p. 328:

quoque igitur,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 10, 32.—Pleon. with etiam, et:

quin mihi quoque etiam est ad portum negotium,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 56; id. Pers. 4, 9, 7; Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 8:

est etiam quoque, uti,

Lucr. 5, 517:

sunt vero et fortunae eorum (leonum) quoque clementiae exempla,

Plin. 8, 16, 21, § 56.—

= quidem: sese ne id quoque facturum esse, not even, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 18.

quōque = et quo.

rāvus, a, um, adj. [root ru-; Sanscr. aru-, to bellow; Lat. rudens, etc.; cf. raucus], hoarse: rava vox rauca et parum liquida, proxime canum latratum sonans, Paul. ex Fest. p. 283 Müll. So in only a single (post-class.) example:

ciere ravos Cantus,

Sid. Ep. 8, 11 in carm. fin.

rāvus, a, um, adj. [for hravus, ghrav-us; root in Sanscr. gar-an; Gr. gerôn, senex; cf.: gêras, graus; O. H. Germ. grā; Engl. gray], gray-yellow, gray, tawny (rare but class.): ravi coloris appellantur, qui sunt inter flavos et caesios, Paul. ex Fest. p. 272 Müll.. (mare illud) nobismet ipsis modo caeruleum videbatur, mane ravum, Cic. Ac. 2, 33, 105 Goer. N. cr. (cited in Non. 164, 14):

fulix, id. poët. Div. 1, 8, 14 (al. cana): lupa,

Hor. C. 3, 27, 3. Said severai times of the eyes, Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 4; 9, 3; cf.:

orbes ravi coloris,

Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 148.

sĕcundus, a, um, adj. [sequor], following.

(Acc. to sequor, I. B. 2.)

Prop., the following in time or order, the next to the first, the second (cf.: alter, proximus); absol.: si te secundo lumine hic offendero, the next morning, Enn. ap. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1: de tribus unum esset optandum...optimum est facere; secundum, nec facere nec pati;

miserrimum digladiari semper, etc.,

the next best, Cic. Rep. 3, 14, 23; cf.:

id secundum erat de tribus,

id. Or. 15, 50:

aliquem obligare secundo sacramento, priore amisso, etc.,

id. Off. 1, 11, 36; cf.:

prioribus equitum partibus secundis additis,

id. Rep. 2, 20, 36:

Roma condita est secundo anno Olympiadis septimae,

id. ib. 2, 10, 18:

Olympias secunda et sexagesima,

id. ib. 2, 15, 28:

oriens incendium belli Punici secundi,

id. ib. 1, 1, 1: aliquem secundum heredem instituere, the second or substituted heir, if the first-named die or refuse the inheritance, id. Fam. 13, 61; so,

heres,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 48; Inscr. Orell. 3416:

mensa,

the second course, dessert, Cic. Att. 14, 6, 2; 14, 21, 4; Cels. 1, 2 fin.; Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120; 19, 8, 53, § 167; Verg. G. 2, 101; Hor. S. 2, 2, 121:

Germania,

Lower Germany, Amm. 15, 8, 19.— Subst.: sĕcundae, ārum, f. (sc. membranae), the after-birth, secundines:

partus,

Cels. 7, 29 fin.:

non magis pertinere quam secundas ad editum infantem,

Sen. Ep. 92, 34; Col. 7, 7, 4; Plin. 27, 4, 13, § 30; 30, 14, 43, § 123:

secundae partūs,

id. 9, 13, 15, § 41; 20, 6, 23, § 51; 20, 11, 44, § 115.—

Trop.

Following, next, second in rank, value, etc.; with ad:

quorum ordo proxime accedit, ut secundus sit ad regium principatum,

Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 52.—With ab:

potentiā secundus a rege,

Hirt. B. Alex. 66;

with which cf.: secundus a Romulo conditor urbis Romanae,

Liv. 7, 1 fin.; and:

Ajax, heros ab Achille secundus,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 193:

qui honos secundus a rege erat,

Just. 18, 4, 5.— Absol.: nil majus generatur ipso (Jove), Nec viget quicquam simile aut secundum, Hor. C. 1, 12, 18:

tu (Juppiter) secundo Caesare regnes,

id. ib. 1, 12, 51; corresp. to maxime:

maxime vellem...secundo autem loco, etc.,

Cic. Phil. 8, 10, 31; cf.:

me maxime consolatur spes, etc....facile secundo loco me consolatur recordatio, etc.,

id. Fam. 1, 6, 1 sq.:

cotes Creticae diu maximam laudem habuere, secundam Laconicae,

Plin. 36, 22, 47, § 164.—With dat.:

nulli Campanorum secundus vinctus ad mortem rapior,

Liv. 23, 10, 7 Weissenb. ad loc.:

regio spatio locorum nulli earum gentium secunda,

Curt. 5, 10, 3; Vell. 2, 76, 1:

secundus sibi, non par,

Just. 11, 12, 14:

secunda nobilitas Falerno agro,

id. 14, 6, 8, § 62:

bonitas amomo pallido,

id. 12, 13, 28, § 48.—With abl., Hirt. B. Alex. 66; cf. supra.—

With the prevailing idea of subjection or inferiority, secondary, subordinate, inferior; absol.:

secundae sortis ingenium,

only of the second grade, Sen. Ep. 52, 3:

moneri velle ac posse secunda virtus est,

id. Ben. 5, 25, 4; cf.:

(servi) quasi secundum hominum genus sunt,

Flor. 3, 20, 1:

vivit siliquis et pane secundo (i. e. secundario),

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 123 (cf.:

secundarius panis,

Plin. 18, 10, 20, § 89; Suet. Aug. 76):

tenue argentum venaeque secundae,

Juv. 9, 31:

haec fuit altera persona Thebis, sed tamen secunda ita, ut proxima esset Epaminondae,

Nep. Pel. 4, 3. —With abl.:

haud ulli veterum virtute secundus,

inferior, Verg. A. 11, 441.—With inf.:

nec vertere cuiquam Frena secundus Halys,

Stat. Th. 2, 574.—Esp., in phrase partes secundae, second parts, inferior parts:

in actoribus Graecis, ille qui est secundarum aut tertiarum partium,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, 48:

ut credas partis mimum tractare secundas,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 14.—With ab:

hic erit a mensis fine secunda dies,

the last day but one of the month, Ov. F. 1, 710. —As subst.: sĕcundae, ārum, f. (sc. partes), the second or inferior parts:

Spinther secundarum tertiarum Pamphilus,

Plin. 7, 12, 10, § 54; Inscr. Orell. 2644:

Q. Arrius, qui fuit M. Crassi quasi secundarum,

Cic. Brut. 69, 242; so,

secundas sortiri,

Sen. Ben. 2, 29, 3:

ferre,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 46:

deferre alicui,

Quint. 10, 1, 53:

agere,

Sen. Ira, 3, 8, 6.—

(Acc. to sequor, II.)

Prop., naut. t. t., of currents of water, etc., favorable, fair (as following the course of the vessel):

secundo flumine ad Lutetiam iter facere coepit,

i. e. down the stream, Caes. B. G. 7, 58; so,

Tiberi,

Liv. 5, 46:

amni,

Verg. G. 3, 447:

fluvio,

id. A. 7, 494:

aqua,

Liv. 21, 28; cf.:

totā rate in secundam aquam labente,

with the current, id. 21, 47:

et ventum et aestum uno tempore nactus secundum,

Caes. B. G. 4, 23 fin.; so,

aestu,

Liv. 23, 41:

mari,

id. 29, 7; and, poet.:

(Neptunus) curru secundo,

speeding along, Verg. A. 1, 156:

secundo amne,

Curt. 4, 7, 9:

navigatio,

Tac. A. 2, 8.—Esp., of winds:

in portum vento secundo, velo passo pervenit,

Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 45; cf.:

cum videam navem secundis ventis cursum tenentem suum,

Cic. Planc. 39, 94; so,

ventus,

Caes. B. G. 4, 23 fin.; Hor. C. 2, 10, 23; id. Ep. 2, 1, 102; cf.

aquilo,

id. ib. 2, 2, 201.— Sup.:

cum secundissimo vento cursum teneret,

Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83.—Of sails (trop.):

des ingenio vela secunda meo,

Ov. F. 3, 790.—

Transf., with, according to any thing: austri anniversarii secundo sole flant, i. e. according to the course of the sun, Nigid. ap. Gell. 2, 22, 31: squama secunda (opp. adversa), as we say, with the grain, i. e. so as to offer no resistance to the hand when it is passed from the head to the tail, id. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12.—

Trop., favorable, propitious, fortunate (opp. adversus); absol.:

secundo populo aliquid facere,

with the consent of the people, Cic. Tusc. 2, 1, 4; so,

concio,

id. Agr. 2, 37, 101; cf.:

voluntas concionis,

id. Att. 1, 19, 4:

admurmurationes cuncti senatūs,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 3: rumor, Enn. ap. Non. 385, 17 (Ann. v. 260 Vahl.); Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 9:

clamor,

Verg. A. 5, 491:

aures,

Liv. 6, 40; 33, 46; 42, 28:

praesentibus ac secundis diis,

id. 7, 26; so,

dis auspicibus et Junone secundā,

Verg. A. 4, 45; and:

secundo Marte ruat,

id. ib. 10, 21:

adi pede sacra secundo,

id. ib. 8, 302;

10, 255: auspicia,

Cic. Div. 1, 15, 27; cf. avis, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 82 Vahl.); and in poet. hypallage:

haruspex,

Verg. A. 11, 739: scitus, secunda loquens in tempore, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 3 (Ann. v. 251 Vahl.): res (opp. adversae), Cic. Off. 1, 26, 90;

so,

id. Lael. 5, 17; 6, 22; id. Att. 4, 2, 1; Hor. S. 2, 8, 74; cf.

fortunae (opp. adversae),

Cic. Sull. 23, 66;

and tempora (opp. adversi casus),

Auct. Her. 4, 17, 24; so, res, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 257 Müll. (Ann. v. 357 Vahl.); Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 1; Cic. N. D. 3, 36, 88 (with prosperitates); Verg. A. 10, 502; Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 30: fortunae, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. parsi, p. 242 Müll.; Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 28:

proelia,

Caes. B. G. 3, 1:

motus Galliae,

successful, id. ib. 7, 59; and:

belli exitus,

Hor. C. 4, 14, 38:

consilium,

Caes. B. C. 3, 42:

labores,

Hor. C. 4, 4, 45.— Comp.:

reliqua militia secundiore famā fuit,

Suet. Caes. 2.— Sup.:

secundissima proelia,

Caes. B. G. 7, 62.— With dat.:

secunda (sc. verba) irae,

i. e. increasing, promoting it, Liv. 2, 38.— Comp.:

secundiore equitum proelio nostris,

Caes. B. G. 2, 9.— Sup.:

tres leges secundissimas plebei, adversas nobilitati tulit,

Liv. 8, 12: omnia secundissima nobis, adversissima illis accidisse videntur, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 8, B.—As subst.: sĕcunda, ōrum, n., favorable circumstances, good fortune:

sperat infestis, metuit secundis Alteram sortem,

Hor. C. 2, 10, 13:

age, me in tuis secundis respice,

Ter. And. 5, 6, 11:

omnium secundorum adversorumque causes in deos vertere,

Liv. 28, 11, 1:

in secundis sapere et consulere,

id. 30, 42, 16:

nimius homo inter secunda,

Tac. H. 2, 59; 1, 10; Curt. 4, 6, 31:

nemo confidat nimium secundis,

Sen. Thyest. 615:

poscunt fidem secunda,

id. Agam. 934:

secunda non habent unquam modum,

id. Oedip. 694.

Sĕcundus, i, m.; Sĕcunda, ae, f. [1. secundus], a Roman proper name.

C. Plinius Secundus, the writer on natural history. —

C. Plinius Caecilius Secundus, his nephew:

OCTAVIA Q. F. SECVNDA,

Inscr. Grut. 445, 2; cf. Varr. L. L. 9, § 60 Müll.

sĕcundus, a, um, adj. [sequor], following.

(Acc. to sequor, I. B. 2.)

Prop., the following in time or order, the next to the first, the second (cf.: alter, proximus); absol.: si te secundo lumine hic offendero, the next morning, Enn. ap. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1: de tribus unum esset optandum...optimum est facere; secundum, nec facere nec pati;

miserrimum digladiari semper, etc.,

the next best, Cic. Rep. 3, 14, 23; cf.:

id secundum erat de tribus,

id. Or. 15, 50:

aliquem obligare secundo sacramento, priore amisso, etc.,

id. Off. 1, 11, 36; cf.:

prioribus equitum partibus secundis additis,

id. Rep. 2, 20, 36:

Roma condita est secundo anno Olympiadis septimae,

id. ib. 2, 10, 18:

Olympias secunda et sexagesima,

id. ib. 2, 15, 28:

oriens incendium belli Punici secundi,

id. ib. 1, 1, 1: aliquem secundum heredem instituere, the second or substituted heir, if the first-named die or refuse the inheritance, id. Fam. 13, 61; so,

heres,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 48; Inscr. Orell. 3416:

mensa,

the second course, dessert, Cic. Att. 14, 6, 2; 14, 21, 4; Cels. 1, 2 fin.; Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120; 19, 8, 53, § 167; Verg. G. 2, 101; Hor. S. 2, 2, 121:

Germania,

Lower Germany, Amm. 15, 8, 19.— Subst.: sĕcundae, ārum, f. (sc. membranae), the after-birth, secundines:

partus,

Cels. 7, 29 fin.:

non magis pertinere quam secundas ad editum infantem,

Sen. Ep. 92, 34; Col. 7, 7, 4; Plin. 27, 4, 13, § 30; 30, 14, 43, § 123:

secundae partūs,

id. 9, 13, 15, § 41; 20, 6, 23, § 51; 20, 11, 44, § 115.—

Trop.

Following, next, second in rank, value, etc.; with ad:

quorum ordo proxime accedit, ut secundus sit ad regium principatum,

Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 52.—With ab:

potentiā secundus a rege,

Hirt. B. Alex. 66;

with which cf.: secundus a Romulo conditor urbis Romanae,

Liv. 7, 1 fin.; and:

Ajax, heros ab Achille secundus,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 193:

qui honos secundus a rege erat,

Just. 18, 4, 5.— Absol.: nil majus generatur ipso (Jove), Nec viget quicquam simile aut secundum, Hor. C. 1, 12, 18:

tu (Juppiter) secundo Caesare regnes,

id. ib. 1, 12, 51; corresp. to maxime:

maxime vellem...secundo autem loco, etc.,

Cic. Phil. 8, 10, 31; cf.:

me maxime consolatur spes, etc....facile secundo loco me consolatur recordatio, etc.,

id. Fam. 1, 6, 1 sq.:

cotes Creticae diu maximam laudem habuere, secundam Laconicae,

Plin. 36, 22, 47, § 164.—With dat.:

nulli Campanorum secundus vinctus ad mortem rapior,

Liv. 23, 10, 7 Weissenb. ad loc.:

regio spatio locorum nulli earum gentium secunda,

Curt. 5, 10, 3; Vell. 2, 76, 1:

secundus sibi, non par,

Just. 11, 12, 14:

secunda nobilitas Falerno agro,

id. 14, 6, 8, § 62:

bonitas amomo pallido,

id. 12, 13, 28, § 48.—With abl., Hirt. B. Alex. 66; cf. supra.—

With the prevailing idea of subjection or inferiority, secondary, subordinate, inferior; absol.:

secundae sortis ingenium,

only of the second grade, Sen. Ep. 52, 3:

moneri velle ac posse secunda virtus est,

id. Ben. 5, 25, 4; cf.:

(servi) quasi secundum hominum genus sunt,

Flor. 3, 20, 1:

vivit siliquis et pane secundo (i. e. secundario),

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 123 (cf.:

secundarius panis,

Plin. 18, 10, 20, § 89; Suet. Aug. 76):

tenue argentum venaeque secundae,

Juv. 9, 31:

haec fuit altera persona Thebis, sed tamen secunda ita, ut proxima esset Epaminondae,

Nep. Pel. 4, 3. —With abl.:

haud ulli veterum virtute secundus,

inferior, Verg. A. 11, 441.—With inf.:

nec vertere cuiquam Frena secundus Halys,

Stat. Th. 2, 574.—Esp., in phrase partes secundae, second parts, inferior parts:

in actoribus Graecis, ille qui est secundarum aut tertiarum partium,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, 48:

ut credas partis mimum tractare secundas,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 14.—With ab:

hic erit a mensis fine secunda dies,

the last day but one of the month, Ov. F. 1, 710. —As subst.: sĕcundae, ārum, f. (sc. partes), the second or inferior parts:

Spinther secundarum tertiarum Pamphilus,

Plin. 7, 12, 10, § 54; Inscr. Orell. 2644:

Q. Arrius, qui fuit M. Crassi quasi secundarum,

Cic. Brut. 69, 242; so,

secundas sortiri,

Sen. Ben. 2, 29, 3:

ferre,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 46:

deferre alicui,

Quint. 10, 1, 53:

agere,

Sen. Ira, 3, 8, 6.—

(Acc. to sequor, II.)

Prop., naut. t. t., of currents of water, etc., favorable, fair (as following the course of the vessel):

secundo flumine ad Lutetiam iter facere coepit,

i. e. down the stream, Caes. B. G. 7, 58; so,

Tiberi,

Liv. 5, 46:

amni,

Verg. G. 3, 447:

fluvio,

id. A. 7, 494:

aqua,

Liv. 21, 28; cf.:

totā rate in secundam aquam labente,

with the current, id. 21, 47:

et ventum et aestum uno tempore nactus secundum,

Caes. B. G. 4, 23 fin.; so,

aestu,

Liv. 23, 41:

mari,

id. 29, 7; and, poet.:

(Neptunus) curru secundo,

speeding along, Verg. A. 1, 156:

secundo amne,

Curt. 4, 7, 9:

navigatio,

Tac. A. 2, 8.—Esp., of winds:

in portum vento secundo, velo passo pervenit,

Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 45; cf.:

cum videam navem secundis ventis cursum tenentem suum,

Cic. Planc. 39, 94; so,

ventus,

Caes. B. G. 4, 23 fin.; Hor. C. 2, 10, 23; id. Ep. 2, 1, 102; cf.

aquilo,

id. ib. 2, 2, 201.— Sup.:

cum secundissimo vento cursum teneret,

Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83.—Of sails (trop.):

des ingenio vela secunda meo,

Ov. F. 3, 790.—

Transf., with, according to any thing: austri anniversarii secundo sole flant, i. e. according to the course of the sun, Nigid. ap. Gell. 2, 22, 31: squama secunda (opp. adversa), as we say, with the grain, i. e. so as to offer no resistance to the hand when it is passed from the head to the tail, id. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12.—

Trop., favorable, propitious, fortunate (opp. adversus); absol.:

secundo populo aliquid facere,

with the consent of the people, Cic. Tusc. 2, 1, 4; so,

concio,

id. Agr. 2, 37, 101; cf.:

voluntas concionis,

id. Att. 1, 19, 4:

admurmurationes cuncti senatūs,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 3: rumor, Enn. ap. Non. 385, 17 (Ann. v. 260 Vahl.); Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 9:

clamor,

Verg. A. 5, 491:

aures,

Liv. 6, 40; 33, 46; 42, 28:

praesentibus ac secundis diis,

id. 7, 26; so,

dis auspicibus et Junone secundā,

Verg. A. 4, 45; and:

secundo Marte ruat,

id. ib. 10, 21:

adi pede sacra secundo,

id. ib. 8, 302;

10, 255: auspicia,

Cic. Div. 1, 15, 27; cf. avis, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 82 Vahl.); and in poet. hypallage:

haruspex,

Verg. A. 11, 739: scitus, secunda loquens in tempore, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 3 (Ann. v. 251 Vahl.): res (opp. adversae), Cic. Off. 1, 26, 90;

so,

id. Lael. 5, 17; 6, 22; id. Att. 4, 2, 1; Hor. S. 2, 8, 74; cf.

fortunae (opp. adversae),

Cic. Sull. 23, 66;

and tempora (opp. adversi casus),

Auct. Her. 4, 17, 24; so, res, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 257 Müll. (Ann. v. 357 Vahl.); Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 1; Cic. N. D. 3, 36, 88 (with prosperitates); Verg. A. 10, 502; Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 30: fortunae, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. parsi, p. 242 Müll.; Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 28:

proelia,

Caes. B. G. 3, 1:

motus Galliae,

successful, id. ib. 7, 59; and:

belli exitus,

Hor. C. 4, 14, 38:

consilium,

Caes. B. C. 3, 42:

labores,

Hor. C. 4, 4, 45.— Comp.:

reliqua militia secundiore famā fuit,

Suet. Caes. 2.— Sup.:

secundissima proelia,

Caes. B. G. 7, 62.— With dat.:

secunda (sc. verba) irae,

i. e. increasing, promoting it, Liv. 2, 38.— Comp.:

secundiore equitum proelio nostris,

Caes. B. G. 2, 9.— Sup.:

tres leges secundissimas plebei, adversas nobilitati tulit,

Liv. 8, 12: omnia secundissima nobis, adversissima illis accidisse videntur, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 8, B.—As subst.: sĕcunda, ōrum, n., favorable circumstances, good fortune:

sperat infestis, metuit secundis Alteram sortem,

Hor. C. 2, 10, 13:

age, me in tuis secundis respice,

Ter. And. 5, 6, 11:

omnium secundorum adversorumque causes in deos vertere,

Liv. 28, 11, 1:

in secundis sapere et consulere,

id. 30, 42, 16:

nimius homo inter secunda,

Tac. H. 2, 59; 1, 10; Curt. 4, 6, 31:

nemo confidat nimium secundis,

Sen. Thyest. 615:

poscunt fidem secunda,

id. Agam. 934:

secunda non habent unquam modum,

id. Oedip. 694.

Sĕcundus, i, m.; Sĕcunda, ae, f. [1. secundus], a Roman proper name.

C. Plinius Secundus, the writer on natural history. —

C. Plinius Caecilius Secundus, his nephew:

OCTAVIA Q. F. SECVNDA,

Inscr. Grut. 445, 2; cf. Varr. L. L. 9, § 60 Müll.

sĕcundus, a, um, adj. [sequor], following.

(Acc. to sequor, I. B. 2.)

Prop., the following in time or order, the next to the first, the second (cf.: alter, proximus); absol.: si te secundo lumine hic offendero, the next morning, Enn. ap. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1: de tribus unum esset optandum...optimum est facere; secundum, nec facere nec pati;

miserrimum digladiari semper, etc.,

the next best, Cic. Rep. 3, 14, 23; cf.:

id secundum erat de tribus,

id. Or. 15, 50:

aliquem obligare secundo sacramento, priore amisso, etc.,

id. Off. 1, 11, 36; cf.:

prioribus equitum partibus secundis additis,

id. Rep. 2, 20, 36:

Roma condita est secundo anno Olympiadis septimae,

id. ib. 2, 10, 18:

Olympias secunda et sexagesima,

id. ib. 2, 15, 28:

oriens incendium belli Punici secundi,

id. ib. 1, 1, 1: aliquem secundum heredem instituere, the second or substituted heir, if the first-named die or refuse the inheritance, id. Fam. 13, 61; so,

heres,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 48; Inscr. Orell. 3416:

mensa,

the second course, dessert, Cic. Att. 14, 6, 2; 14, 21, 4; Cels. 1, 2 fin.; Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120; 19, 8, 53, § 167; Verg. G. 2, 101; Hor. S. 2, 2, 121:

Germania,

Lower Germany, Amm. 15, 8, 19.— Subst.: sĕcundae, ārum, f. (sc. membranae), the after-birth, secundines:

partus,

Cels. 7, 29 fin.:

non magis pertinere quam secundas ad editum infantem,

Sen. Ep. 92, 34; Col. 7, 7, 4; Plin. 27, 4, 13, § 30; 30, 14, 43, § 123:

secundae partūs,

id. 9, 13, 15, § 41; 20, 6, 23, § 51; 20, 11, 44, § 115.—

Trop.

Following, next, second in rank, value, etc.; with ad:

quorum ordo proxime accedit, ut secundus sit ad regium principatum,

Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 52.—With ab:

potentiā secundus a rege,

Hirt. B. Alex. 66;

with which cf.: secundus a Romulo conditor urbis Romanae,

Liv. 7, 1 fin.; and:

Ajax, heros ab Achille secundus,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 193:

qui honos secundus a rege erat,

Just. 18, 4, 5.— Absol.: nil majus generatur ipso (Jove), Nec viget quicquam simile aut secundum, Hor. C. 1, 12, 18:

tu (Juppiter) secundo Caesare regnes,

id. ib. 1, 12, 51; corresp. to maxime:

maxime vellem...secundo autem loco, etc.,

Cic. Phil. 8, 10, 31; cf.:

me maxime consolatur spes, etc....facile secundo loco me consolatur recordatio, etc.,

id. Fam. 1, 6, 1 sq.:

cotes Creticae diu maximam laudem habuere, secundam Laconicae,

Plin. 36, 22, 47, § 164.—With dat.:

nulli Campanorum secundus vinctus ad mortem rapior,

Liv. 23, 10, 7 Weissenb. ad loc.:

regio spatio locorum nulli earum gentium secunda,

Curt. 5, 10, 3; Vell. 2, 76, 1:

secundus sibi, non par,

Just. 11, 12, 14:

secunda nobilitas Falerno agro,

id. 14, 6, 8, § 62:

bonitas amomo pallido,

id. 12, 13, 28, § 48.—With abl., Hirt. B. Alex. 66; cf. supra.—

With the prevailing idea of subjection or inferiority, secondary, subordinate, inferior; absol.:

secundae sortis ingenium,

only of the second grade, Sen. Ep. 52, 3:

moneri velle ac posse secunda virtus est,

id. Ben. 5, 25, 4; cf.:

(servi) quasi secundum hominum genus sunt,

Flor. 3, 20, 1:

vivit siliquis et pane secundo (i. e. secundario),

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 123 (cf.:

secundarius panis,

Plin. 18, 10, 20, § 89; Suet. Aug. 76):

tenue argentum venaeque secundae,

Juv. 9, 31:

haec fuit altera persona Thebis, sed tamen secunda ita, ut proxima esset Epaminondae,

Nep. Pel. 4, 3. —With abl.:

haud ulli veterum virtute secundus,

inferior, Verg. A. 11, 441.—With inf.:

nec vertere cuiquam Frena secundus Halys,

Stat. Th. 2, 574.—Esp., in phrase partes secundae, second parts, inferior parts:

in actoribus Graecis, ille qui est secundarum aut tertiarum partium,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, 48:

ut credas partis mimum tractare secundas,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 14.—With ab:

hic erit a mensis fine secunda dies,

the last day but one of the month, Ov. F. 1, 710. —As subst.: sĕcundae, ārum, f. (sc. partes), the second or inferior parts:

Spinther secundarum tertiarum Pamphilus,

Plin. 7, 12, 10, § 54; Inscr. Orell. 2644:

Q. Arrius, qui fuit M. Crassi quasi secundarum,

Cic. Brut. 69, 242; so,

secundas sortiri,

Sen. Ben. 2, 29, 3:

ferre,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 46:

deferre alicui,

Quint. 10, 1, 53:

agere,

Sen. Ira, 3, 8, 6.—

(Acc. to sequor, II.)

Prop., naut. t. t., of currents of water, etc., favorable, fair (as following the course of the vessel):

secundo flumine ad Lutetiam iter facere coepit,

i. e. down the stream, Caes. B. G. 7, 58; so,

Tiberi,

Liv. 5, 46:

amni,

Verg. G. 3, 447:

fluvio,

id. A. 7, 494:

aqua,

Liv. 21, 28; cf.:

totā rate in secundam aquam labente,

with the current, id. 21, 47:

et ventum et aestum uno tempore nactus secundum,

Caes. B. G. 4, 23 fin.; so,

aestu,

Liv. 23, 41:

mari,

id. 29, 7; and, poet.:

(Neptunus) curru secundo,

speeding along, Verg. A. 1, 156:

secundo amne,

Curt. 4, 7, 9:

navigatio,

Tac. A. 2, 8.—Esp., of winds:

in portum vento secundo, velo passo pervenit,

Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 45; cf.:

cum videam navem secundis ventis cursum tenentem suum,

Cic. Planc. 39, 94; so,

ventus,

Caes. B. G. 4, 23 fin.; Hor. C. 2, 10, 23; id. Ep. 2, 1, 102; cf.

aquilo,

id. ib. 2, 2, 201.— Sup.:

cum secundissimo vento cursum teneret,

Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83.—Of sails (trop.):

des ingenio vela secunda meo,

Ov. F. 3, 790.—

Transf., with, according to any thing: austri anniversarii secundo sole flant, i. e. according to the course of the sun, Nigid. ap. Gell. 2, 22, 31: squama secunda (opp. adversa), as we say, with the grain, i. e. so as to offer no resistance to the hand when it is passed from the head to the tail, id. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12.—

Trop., favorable, propitious, fortunate (opp. adversus); absol.:

secundo populo aliquid facere,

with the consent of the people, Cic. Tusc. 2, 1, 4; so,

concio,

id. Agr. 2, 37, 101; cf.:

voluntas concionis,

id. Att. 1, 19, 4:

admurmurationes cuncti senatūs,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 3: rumor, Enn. ap. Non. 385, 17 (Ann. v. 260 Vahl.); Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 9:

clamor,

Verg. A. 5, 491:

aures,

Liv. 6, 40; 33, 46; 42, 28:

praesentibus ac secundis diis,

id. 7, 26; so,

dis auspicibus et Junone secundā,

Verg. A. 4, 45; and:

secundo Marte ruat,

id. ib. 10, 21:

adi pede sacra secundo,

id. ib. 8, 302;

10, 255: auspicia,

Cic. Div. 1, 15, 27; cf. avis, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 82 Vahl.); and in poet. hypallage:

haruspex,

Verg. A. 11, 739: scitus, secunda loquens in tempore, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 3 (Ann. v. 251 Vahl.): res (opp. adversae), Cic. Off. 1, 26, 90;

so,

id. Lael. 5, 17; 6, 22; id. Att. 4, 2, 1; Hor. S. 2, 8, 74; cf.

fortunae (opp. adversae),

Cic. Sull. 23, 66;

and tempora (opp. adversi casus),

Auct. Her. 4, 17, 24; so, res, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 257 Müll. (Ann. v. 357 Vahl.); Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 1; Cic. N. D. 3, 36, 88 (with prosperitates); Verg. A. 10, 502; Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 30: fortunae, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. parsi, p. 242 Müll.; Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 28:

proelia,

Caes. B. G. 3, 1:

motus Galliae,

successful, id. ib. 7, 59; and:

belli exitus,

Hor. C. 4, 14, 38:

consilium,

Caes. B. C. 3, 42:

labores,

Hor. C. 4, 4, 45.— Comp.:

reliqua militia secundiore famā fuit,

Suet. Caes. 2.— Sup.:

secundissima proelia,

Caes. B. G. 7, 62.— With dat.:

secunda (sc. verba) irae,

i. e. increasing, promoting it, Liv. 2, 38.— Comp.:

secundiore equitum proelio nostris,

Caes. B. G. 2, 9.— Sup.:

tres leges secundissimas plebei, adversas nobilitati tulit,

Liv. 8, 12: omnia secundissima nobis, adversissima illis accidisse videntur, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 8, B.—As subst.: sĕcunda, ōrum, n., favorable circumstances, good fortune:

sperat infestis, metuit secundis Alteram sortem,

Hor. C. 2, 10, 13:

age, me in tuis secundis respice,

Ter. And. 5, 6, 11:

omnium secundorum adversorumque causes in deos vertere,

Liv. 28, 11, 1:

in secundis sapere et consulere,

id. 30, 42, 16:

nimius homo inter secunda,

Tac. H. 2, 59; 1, 10; Curt. 4, 6, 31:

nemo confidat nimium secundis,

Sen. Thyest. 615:

poscunt fidem secunda,

id. Agam. 934:

secunda non habent unquam modum,

id. Oedip. 694.

Sĕcundus, i, m.; Sĕcunda, ae, f. [1. secundus], a Roman proper name.

C. Plinius Secundus, the writer on natural history. —

C. Plinius Caecilius Secundus, his nephew:

OCTAVIA Q. F. SECVNDA,

Inscr. Grut. 445, 2; cf. Varr. L. L. 9, § 60 Müll.

sĕcundum, adv. and prep. [sequor].

After, behind: Am. Age, i ut secundum. So. Sequor, subsequor te, Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 1.—

Afterwards, in the next place, secondly (so very rare): animadvertendum primum, quibus de causis constituerint paces; secundum, quā fide eas coluerint, Varr. ap. Non. 149, 15 (but secundum is a false reading for iterum in Liv. 7, 3, 3; 6, 18, 1).—

Prep. with acc.

Prop.

In space.

Following after, i.e. after, behind (ante-class.):

ite hac secundum vos me,

Plaut. Stich. 3, 1, 45:

nos secundum ferre haec,

after us, behind us, id. Mil. 4, 8, 39: secundum ipsam aram aurum abscondidi, id. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 890 P.—

Following an extension in space, i. e. by, along (class.):

cum leno secundum parietem transversus iret,

Varr. L. L. 7, § 81 Müll.:

quae (legiones) iter secundum mare superum faciunt,

Cic. Att. 16, 8, 2:

sex legiones ad oppidum Gergoviam secundum flumen Elaver duxit,

Caes. B. G. 7, 34:

quid illuc est hominum secundum litus?

Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 61:

hoc genus saepes fieri secundum vias publicas solent et secundum amnes,

Varr. R. R. 1, 14, 3: secundum flumen, [p. 1655] Caes. B. G. 2, 18 fin.; cf.:

castra secundum mare haberet,

id. B. C. 3, 65 fin.: vulnus accepit in capite secundum aurem, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 12, 2:

centaurium secundum fontes nascitur,

Plin. 25, 6, 31, § 68.—

In time, succession, rank, value, etc., immediately after, after, next to (class.):

secundum vindemiam, ubi vites ablaqueantur,

Cato, R. R. 114, 1:

secundum ludos,

Plaut. Cas. prol. 28; cf.:

tua ratio est, ut secundum binos ludos mihi respondere incipias: mea, ut ante primos ludos comperendinem,

Cic. Verr. 1, 11, 34; so,

comitia,

id. Att. 3, 12, 1:

hunc diem,

id. de Or. 1, 62, 264:

aequinoctium vernum,

Plin. 19, 8, 42, § 147:

proelium,

Liv. 8, 10, 9:

quietem,

after going to sleep, while asleep, in a dream, Cic. Div. 1, 24, 48; so id. ib. 2, 61, 126; Suet. Aug. 94; Petr. 104:

secundum patrem tu es pater proximus,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 42; cf.:

proxime et secundum deos homines hominibus maxime utiles esse possunt,

Cic. Off. 2, 3, 11:

ille mihi secundum te et liberos nostros ita est, ut sit paene par,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 5, § 18:

secundum te nihil est mihi amicius solitudine,

id. Att. 12, 15:

qui secundum deos nomen Romanum veneretur,

Liv. 36, 17 fin.:

in actione secundum vocem vultus valet,

Cic. de Or. 3, 59, 223; id. Or. 18, 60:

secundum ea quaero, servarisne, etc.,

id. Vatin. 6, 15; so,

secundum ea,

Caes. B. G. 1, 33; cf. (with preceding maxime) Sall. J. 14, 3 Fabri ad loc.—

Fig.

Agreeably to, in accordance with, according to (class.):

tigna prona et fastigata, ut secundum naturam fluminis procumberent,

Caes. B. G. 4, 17; cf.:

secundum naturam vivere,

Cic. Fin. 5, 9, 26; and:

facilius esse secundum naturam, quam contra eam, vivere,

Quint. 12, 11, 13:

collaudavi secundum facta et virtutes tuas,

Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 60:

duumviros secundum legem facio,

Liv. 1, 26, 5; so,

legem,

Quint. 5, 13, 7; 12, 7, 9:

rationem,

id. 11, 3, 45:

secundum consuetudinem praedatum ire,

Front. Strat. 2, 12, 2.—

Pregn., according to the will of, in favor of, to the advantage of:

nuntiat populo, pontifices secundum se decrevisse...multa secundum causam nostram disputavit,

Cic. Att. 4, 2, 3 sq.:

de absente secundum praesentem judicare,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 17, § 41:

secundum eam (partem) litem judices dare,

Liv. 23, 4:

rei, quae undique secundum nos sit,

Quint. 3, 8, 34:

post principia belli secundum Flavianos,

Tac. H. 3, 7.

sĕcundus, a, um, adj. [sequor], following.

(Acc. to sequor, I. B. 2.)

Prop., the following in time or order, the next to the first, the second (cf.: alter, proximus); absol.: si te secundo lumine hic offendero, the next morning, Enn. ap. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1: de tribus unum esset optandum...optimum est facere; secundum, nec facere nec pati;

miserrimum digladiari semper, etc.,

the next best, Cic. Rep. 3, 14, 23; cf.:

id secundum erat de tribus,

id. Or. 15, 50:

aliquem obligare secundo sacramento, priore amisso, etc.,

id. Off. 1, 11, 36; cf.:

prioribus equitum partibus secundis additis,

id. Rep. 2, 20, 36:

Roma condita est secundo anno Olympiadis septimae,

id. ib. 2, 10, 18:

Olympias secunda et sexagesima,

id. ib. 2, 15, 28:

oriens incendium belli Punici secundi,

id. ib. 1, 1, 1: aliquem secundum heredem instituere, the second or substituted heir, if the first-named die or refuse the inheritance, id. Fam. 13, 61; so,

heres,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 48; Inscr. Orell. 3416:

mensa,

the second course, dessert, Cic. Att. 14, 6, 2; 14, 21, 4; Cels. 1, 2 fin.; Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120; 19, 8, 53, § 167; Verg. G. 2, 101; Hor. S. 2, 2, 121:

Germania,

Lower Germany, Amm. 15, 8, 19.— Subst.: sĕcundae, ārum, f. (sc. membranae), the after-birth, secundines:

partus,

Cels. 7, 29 fin.:

non magis pertinere quam secundas ad editum infantem,

Sen. Ep. 92, 34; Col. 7, 7, 4; Plin. 27, 4, 13, § 30; 30, 14, 43, § 123:

secundae partūs,

id. 9, 13, 15, § 41; 20, 6, 23, § 51; 20, 11, 44, § 115.—

Trop.

Following, next, second in rank, value, etc.; with ad:

quorum ordo proxime accedit, ut secundus sit ad regium principatum,

Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 52.—With ab:

potentiā secundus a rege,

Hirt. B. Alex. 66;

with which cf.: secundus a Romulo conditor urbis Romanae,

Liv. 7, 1 fin.; and:

Ajax, heros ab Achille secundus,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 193:

qui honos secundus a rege erat,

Just. 18, 4, 5.— Absol.: nil majus generatur ipso (Jove), Nec viget quicquam simile aut secundum, Hor. C. 1, 12, 18:

tu (Juppiter) secundo Caesare regnes,

id. ib. 1, 12, 51; corresp. to maxime:

maxime vellem...secundo autem loco, etc.,

Cic. Phil. 8, 10, 31; cf.:

me maxime consolatur spes, etc....facile secundo loco me consolatur recordatio, etc.,

id. Fam. 1, 6, 1 sq.:

cotes Creticae diu maximam laudem habuere, secundam Laconicae,

Plin. 36, 22, 47, § 164.—With dat.:

nulli Campanorum secundus vinctus ad mortem rapior,

Liv. 23, 10, 7 Weissenb. ad loc.:

regio spatio locorum nulli earum gentium secunda,

Curt. 5, 10, 3; Vell. 2, 76, 1:

secundus sibi, non par,

Just. 11, 12, 14:

secunda nobilitas Falerno agro,

id. 14, 6, 8, § 62:

bonitas amomo pallido,

id. 12, 13, 28, § 48.—With abl., Hirt. B. Alex. 66; cf. supra.—

With the prevailing idea of subjection or inferiority, secondary, subordinate, inferior; absol.:

secundae sortis ingenium,

only of the second grade, Sen. Ep. 52, 3:

moneri velle ac posse secunda virtus est,

id. Ben. 5, 25, 4; cf.:

(servi) quasi secundum hominum genus sunt,

Flor. 3, 20, 1:

vivit siliquis et pane secundo (i. e. secundario),

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 123 (cf.:

secundarius panis,

Plin. 18, 10, 20, § 89; Suet. Aug. 76):

tenue argentum venaeque secundae,

Juv. 9, 31:

haec fuit altera persona Thebis, sed tamen secunda ita, ut proxima esset Epaminondae,

Nep. Pel. 4, 3. —With abl.:

haud ulli veterum virtute secundus,

inferior, Verg. A. 11, 441.—With inf.:

nec vertere cuiquam Frena secundus Halys,

Stat. Th. 2, 574.—Esp., in phrase partes secundae, second parts, inferior parts:

in actoribus Graecis, ille qui est secundarum aut tertiarum partium,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, 48:

ut credas partis mimum tractare secundas,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 14.—With ab:

hic erit a mensis fine secunda dies,

the last day but one of the month, Ov. F. 1, 710. —As subst.: sĕcundae, ārum, f. (sc. partes), the second or inferior parts:

Spinther secundarum tertiarum Pamphilus,

Plin. 7, 12, 10, § 54; Inscr. Orell. 2644:

Q. Arrius, qui fuit M. Crassi quasi secundarum,

Cic. Brut. 69, 242; so,

secundas sortiri,

Sen. Ben. 2, 29, 3:

ferre,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 46:

deferre alicui,

Quint. 10, 1, 53:

agere,

Sen. Ira, 3, 8, 6.—

(Acc. to sequor, II.)

Prop., naut. t. t., of currents of water, etc., favorable, fair (as following the course of the vessel):

secundo flumine ad Lutetiam iter facere coepit,

i. e. down the stream, Caes. B. G. 7, 58; so,

Tiberi,

Liv. 5, 46:

amni,

Verg. G. 3, 447:

fluvio,

id. A. 7, 494:

aqua,

Liv. 21, 28; cf.:

totā rate in secundam aquam labente,

with the current, id. 21, 47:

et ventum et aestum uno tempore nactus secundum,

Caes. B. G. 4, 23 fin.; so,

aestu,

Liv. 23, 41:

mari,

id. 29, 7; and, poet.:

(Neptunus) curru secundo,

speeding along, Verg. A. 1, 156:

secundo amne,

Curt. 4, 7, 9:

navigatio,

Tac. A. 2, 8.—Esp., of winds:

in portum vento secundo, velo passo pervenit,

Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 45; cf.:

cum videam navem secundis ventis cursum tenentem suum,

Cic. Planc. 39, 94; so,

ventus,

Caes. B. G. 4, 23 fin.; Hor. C. 2, 10, 23; id. Ep. 2, 1, 102; cf.

aquilo,

id. ib. 2, 2, 201.— Sup.:

cum secundissimo vento cursum teneret,

Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83.—Of sails (trop.):

des ingenio vela secunda meo,

Ov. F. 3, 790.—

Transf., with, according to any thing: austri anniversarii secundo sole flant, i. e. according to the course of the sun, Nigid. ap. Gell. 2, 22, 31: squama secunda (opp. adversa), as we say, with the grain, i. e. so as to offer no resistance to the hand when it is passed from the head to the tail, id. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12.—

Trop., favorable, propitious, fortunate (opp. adversus); absol.:

secundo populo aliquid facere,

with the consent of the people, Cic. Tusc. 2, 1, 4; so,

concio,

id. Agr. 2, 37, 101; cf.:

voluntas concionis,

id. Att. 1, 19, 4:

admurmurationes cuncti senatūs,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 3: rumor, Enn. ap. Non. 385, 17 (Ann. v. 260 Vahl.); Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 9:

clamor,

Verg. A. 5, 491:

aures,

Liv. 6, 40; 33, 46; 42, 28:

praesentibus ac secundis diis,

id. 7, 26; so,

dis auspicibus et Junone secundā,

Verg. A. 4, 45; and:

secundo Marte ruat,

id. ib. 10, 21:

adi pede sacra secundo,

id. ib. 8, 302;

10, 255: auspicia,

Cic. Div. 1, 15, 27; cf. avis, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 82 Vahl.); and in poet. hypallage:

haruspex,

Verg. A. 11, 739: scitus, secunda loquens in tempore, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 3 (Ann. v. 251 Vahl.): res (opp. adversae), Cic. Off. 1, 26, 90;

so,

id. Lael. 5, 17; 6, 22; id. Att. 4, 2, 1; Hor. S. 2, 8, 74; cf.

fortunae (opp. adversae),

Cic. Sull. 23, 66;

and tempora (opp. adversi casus),

Auct. Her. 4, 17, 24; so, res, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 257 Müll. (Ann. v. 357 Vahl.); Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 1; Cic. N. D. 3, 36, 88 (with prosperitates); Verg. A. 10, 502; Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 30: fortunae, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. parsi, p. 242 Müll.; Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 28:

proelia,

Caes. B. G. 3, 1:

motus Galliae,

successful, id. ib. 7, 59; and:

belli exitus,

Hor. C. 4, 14, 38:

consilium,

Caes. B. C. 3, 42:

labores,

Hor. C. 4, 4, 45.— Comp.:

reliqua militia secundiore famā fuit,

Suet. Caes. 2.— Sup.:

secundissima proelia,

Caes. B. G. 7, 62.— With dat.:

secunda (sc. verba) irae,

i. e. increasing, promoting it, Liv. 2, 38.— Comp.:

secundiore equitum proelio nostris,

Caes. B. G. 2, 9.— Sup.:

tres leges secundissimas plebei, adversas nobilitati tulit,

Liv. 8, 12: omnia secundissima nobis, adversissima illis accidisse videntur, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 8, B.—As subst.: sĕcunda, ōrum, n., favorable circumstances, good fortune:

sperat infestis, metuit secundis Alteram sortem,

Hor. C. 2, 10, 13:

age, me in tuis secundis respice,

Ter. And. 5, 6, 11:

omnium secundorum adversorumque causes in deos vertere,

Liv. 28, 11, 1:

in secundis sapere et consulere,

id. 30, 42, 16:

nimius homo inter secunda,

Tac. H. 2, 59; 1, 10; Curt. 4, 6, 31:

nemo confidat nimium secundis,

Sen. Thyest. 615:

poscunt fidem secunda,

id. Agam. 934:

secunda non habent unquam modum,

id. Oedip. 694.

Sĕcundus, i, m.; Sĕcunda, ae, f. [1. secundus], a Roman proper name.

C. Plinius Secundus, the writer on natural history. —

C. Plinius Caecilius Secundus, his nephew:

OCTAVIA Q. F. SECVNDA,

Inscr. Grut. 445, 2; cf. Varr. L. L. 9, § 60 Müll.

sĕcundus, a, um, adj. [sequor], following.

(Acc. to sequor, I. B. 2.)

Prop., the following in time or order, the next to the first, the second (cf.: alter, proximus); absol.: si te secundo lumine hic offendero, the next morning, Enn. ap. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1: de tribus unum esset optandum...optimum est facere; secundum, nec facere nec pati;

miserrimum digladiari semper, etc.,

the next best, Cic. Rep. 3, 14, 23; cf.:

id secundum erat de tribus,

id. Or. 15, 50:

aliquem obligare secundo sacramento, priore amisso, etc.,

id. Off. 1, 11, 36; cf.:

prioribus equitum partibus secundis additis,

id. Rep. 2, 20, 36:

Roma condita est secundo anno Olympiadis septimae,

id. ib. 2, 10, 18:

Olympias secunda et sexagesima,

id. ib. 2, 15, 28:

oriens incendium belli Punici secundi,

id. ib. 1, 1, 1: aliquem secundum heredem instituere, the second or substituted heir, if the first-named die or refuse the inheritance, id. Fam. 13, 61; so,

heres,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 48; Inscr. Orell. 3416:

mensa,

the second course, dessert, Cic. Att. 14, 6, 2; 14, 21, 4; Cels. 1, 2 fin.; Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120; 19, 8, 53, § 167; Verg. G. 2, 101; Hor. S. 2, 2, 121:

Germania,

Lower Germany, Amm. 15, 8, 19.— Subst.: sĕcundae, ārum, f. (sc. membranae), the after-birth, secundines:

partus,

Cels. 7, 29 fin.:

non magis pertinere quam secundas ad editum infantem,

Sen. Ep. 92, 34; Col. 7, 7, 4; Plin. 27, 4, 13, § 30; 30, 14, 43, § 123:

secundae partūs,

id. 9, 13, 15, § 41; 20, 6, 23, § 51; 20, 11, 44, § 115.—

Trop.

Following, next, second in rank, value, etc.; with ad:

quorum ordo proxime accedit, ut secundus sit ad regium principatum,

Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 52.—With ab:

potentiā secundus a rege,

Hirt. B. Alex. 66;

with which cf.: secundus a Romulo conditor urbis Romanae,

Liv. 7, 1 fin.; and:

Ajax, heros ab Achille secundus,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 193:

qui honos secundus a rege erat,

Just. 18, 4, 5.— Absol.: nil majus generatur ipso (Jove), Nec viget quicquam simile aut secundum, Hor. C. 1, 12, 18:

tu (Juppiter) secundo Caesare regnes,

id. ib. 1, 12, 51; corresp. to maxime:

maxime vellem...secundo autem loco, etc.,

Cic. Phil. 8, 10, 31; cf.:

me maxime consolatur spes, etc....facile secundo loco me consolatur recordatio, etc.,

id. Fam. 1, 6, 1 sq.:

cotes Creticae diu maximam laudem habuere, secundam Laconicae,

Plin. 36, 22, 47, § 164.—With dat.:

nulli Campanorum secundus vinctus ad mortem rapior,

Liv. 23, 10, 7 Weissenb. ad loc.:

regio spatio locorum nulli earum gentium secunda,

Curt. 5, 10, 3; Vell. 2, 76, 1:

secundus sibi, non par,

Just. 11, 12, 14:

secunda nobilitas Falerno agro,

id. 14, 6, 8, § 62:

bonitas amomo pallido,

id. 12, 13, 28, § 48.—With abl., Hirt. B. Alex. 66; cf. supra.—

With the prevailing idea of subjection or inferiority, secondary, subordinate, inferior; absol.:

secundae sortis ingenium,

only of the second grade, Sen. Ep. 52, 3:

moneri velle ac posse secunda virtus est,

id. Ben. 5, 25, 4; cf.:

(servi) quasi secundum hominum genus sunt,

Flor. 3, 20, 1:

vivit siliquis et pane secundo (i. e. secundario),

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 123 (cf.:

secundarius panis,

Plin. 18, 10, 20, § 89; Suet. Aug. 76):

tenue argentum venaeque secundae,

Juv. 9, 31:

haec fuit altera persona Thebis, sed tamen secunda ita, ut proxima esset Epaminondae,

Nep. Pel. 4, 3. —With abl.:

haud ulli veterum virtute secundus,

inferior, Verg. A. 11, 441.—With inf.:

nec vertere cuiquam Frena secundus Halys,

Stat. Th. 2, 574.—Esp., in phrase partes secundae, second parts, inferior parts:

in actoribus Graecis, ille qui est secundarum aut tertiarum partium,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, 48:

ut credas partis mimum tractare secundas,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 14.—With ab:

hic erit a mensis fine secunda dies,

the last day but one of the month, Ov. F. 1, 710. —As subst.: sĕcundae, ārum, f. (sc. partes), the second or inferior parts:

Spinther secundarum tertiarum Pamphilus,

Plin. 7, 12, 10, § 54; Inscr. Orell. 2644:

Q. Arrius, qui fuit M. Crassi quasi secundarum,

Cic. Brut. 69, 242; so,

secundas sortiri,

Sen. Ben. 2, 29, 3:

ferre,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 46:

deferre alicui,

Quint. 10, 1, 53:

agere,

Sen. Ira, 3, 8, 6.—

(Acc. to sequor, II.)

Prop., naut. t. t., of currents of water, etc., favorable, fair (as following the course of the vessel):

secundo flumine ad Lutetiam iter facere coepit,

i. e. down the stream, Caes. B. G. 7, 58; so,

Tiberi,

Liv. 5, 46:

amni,

Verg. G. 3, 447:

fluvio,

id. A. 7, 494:

aqua,

Liv. 21, 28; cf.:

totā rate in secundam aquam labente,

with the current, id. 21, 47:

et ventum et aestum uno tempore nactus secundum,

Caes. B. G. 4, 23 fin.; so,

aestu,

Liv. 23, 41:

mari,

id. 29, 7; and, poet.:

(Neptunus) curru secundo,

speeding along, Verg. A. 1, 156:

secundo amne,

Curt. 4, 7, 9:

navigatio,

Tac. A. 2, 8.—Esp., of winds:

in portum vento secundo, velo passo pervenit,

Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 45; cf.:

cum videam navem secundis ventis cursum tenentem suum,

Cic. Planc. 39, 94; so,

ventus,

Caes. B. G. 4, 23 fin.; Hor. C. 2, 10, 23; id. Ep. 2, 1, 102; cf.

aquilo,

id. ib. 2, 2, 201.— Sup.:

cum secundissimo vento cursum teneret,

Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83.—Of sails (trop.):

des ingenio vela secunda meo,

Ov. F. 3, 790.—

Transf., with, according to any thing: austri anniversarii secundo sole flant, i. e. according to the course of the sun, Nigid. ap. Gell. 2, 22, 31: squama secunda (opp. adversa), as we say, with the grain, i. e. so as to offer no resistance to the hand when it is passed from the head to the tail, id. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12.—

Trop., favorable, propitious, fortunate (opp. adversus); absol.:

secundo populo aliquid facere,

with the consent of the people, Cic. Tusc. 2, 1, 4; so,

concio,

id. Agr. 2, 37, 101; cf.:

voluntas concionis,

id. Att. 1, 19, 4:

admurmurationes cuncti senatūs,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 3: rumor, Enn. ap. Non. 385, 17 (Ann. v. 260 Vahl.); Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 9:

clamor,

Verg. A. 5, 491:

aures,

Liv. 6, 40; 33, 46; 42, 28:

praesentibus ac secundis diis,

id. 7, 26; so,

dis auspicibus et Junone secundā,

Verg. A. 4, 45; and:

secundo Marte ruat,

id. ib. 10, 21:

adi pede sacra secundo,

id. ib. 8, 302;

10, 255: auspicia,

Cic. Div. 1, 15, 27; cf. avis, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 82 Vahl.); and in poet. hypallage:

haruspex,

Verg. A. 11, 739: scitus, secunda loquens in tempore, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 3 (Ann. v. 251 Vahl.): res (opp. adversae), Cic. Off. 1, 26, 90;

so,

id. Lael. 5, 17; 6, 22; id. Att. 4, 2, 1; Hor. S. 2, 8, 74; cf.

fortunae (opp. adversae),

Cic. Sull. 23, 66;

and tempora (opp. adversi casus),

Auct. Her. 4, 17, 24; so, res, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 257 Müll. (Ann. v. 357 Vahl.); Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 1; Cic. N. D. 3, 36, 88 (with prosperitates); Verg. A. 10, 502; Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 30: fortunae, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. parsi, p. 242 Müll.; Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 28:

proelia,

Caes. B. G. 3, 1:

motus Galliae,

successful, id. ib. 7, 59; and:

belli exitus,

Hor. C. 4, 14, 38:

consilium,

Caes. B. C. 3, 42:

labores,

Hor. C. 4, 4, 45.— Comp.:

reliqua militia secundiore famā fuit,

Suet. Caes. 2.— Sup.:

secundissima proelia,

Caes. B. G. 7, 62.— With dat.:

secunda (sc. verba) irae,

i. e. increasing, promoting it, Liv. 2, 38.— Comp.:

secundiore equitum proelio nostris,

Caes. B. G. 2, 9.— Sup.:

tres leges secundissimas plebei, adversas nobilitati tulit,

Liv. 8, 12: omnia secundissima nobis, adversissima illis accidisse videntur, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 8, B.—As subst.: sĕcunda, ōrum, n., favorable circumstances, good fortune:

sperat infestis, metuit secundis Alteram sortem,

Hor. C. 2, 10, 13:

age, me in tuis secundis respice,

Ter. And. 5, 6, 11:

omnium secundorum adversorumque causes in deos vertere,

Liv. 28, 11, 1:

in secundis sapere et consulere,

id. 30, 42, 16:

nimius homo inter secunda,

Tac. H. 2, 59; 1, 10; Curt. 4, 6, 31:

nemo confidat nimium secundis,

Sen. Thyest. 615:

poscunt fidem secunda,

id. Agam. 934:

secunda non habent unquam modum,

id. Oedip. 694.

Sĕcundus, i, m.; Sĕcunda, ae, f. [1. secundus], a Roman proper name.

C. Plinius Secundus, the writer on natural history. —

C. Plinius Caecilius Secundus, his nephew:

OCTAVIA Q. F. SECVNDA,

Inscr. Grut. 445, 2; cf. Varr. L. L. 9, § 60 Müll.

signĭfĭco, āvi, ātum, 1 ( dep. collat. form signĭfĭcor, acc. to Gell. 18, 12, 10, without an example), v. a. [signum-facio].

In gen., to show by signs; to show, point out, express, publish, make known, indicate; to intimate, notify, signify, etc. (freq. and class.; syn.: monstro, declaro, indico).

With acc.:

aliquid alicui,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 1, 5:

hoc mihi significasse et annuisse visus est,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 91, § 213:

quae significari ac declarari volemus,

id. de Or. 3, 13, 49:

gratulationem,

id. Att. 4, 1, 5:

stultitiam,

id. Agr. 2, 12, 30:

deditionem,

Caes. B. G. 7, 40:

timorem fremitu et concursu,

id. ib. 4, 14:

vir, quem ne inimicus quidem satis in appellando significare poterat,

Cic. Font. 17, 39 (13, 29):

aliquid per gestum,

Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 36 et saep.— With two acc. (rare):

ut eorum ornatus in his regem neminem significaret,

Nep. Ages. 8, 2; id. Them. 2, 7.—

With object clause: hoc tibi non significandum solum, sed etiam [p. 1697] declarandum arbitror, nihil mihi esse potuisse tuis litteris gratius, Cic. Fam. 5, 13, 2; cf. id. Mil. 2, 4:

provocationem a regibus fuisse significant nostri augurales,

id. Rep. 2, 31, 54:

se esse admodum delectatos,

id. ib. 3, 30, 42:

omnes voce significare coeperunt, sese, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 2, 13; 4, 3; cf.:

hoc significant, sese ad statuas tuas pecuniam contulisse,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 60, § 148.—

With rel. or interrog.-clause:

neque unde, nec quo die datae essent (litterae), aut quo tempore te exspectarem, significabant,

Cic. Fam. 2, 19, 1:

nutu significat, quid velit,

Ov. M. 3, 643:

(anseres et canes) aluntur in Capitolio, ut significent, si fures venerint, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 20, 56:

significare coeperunt, ut dimitterentur,

Caes. B. C. 1, 86.—

With de:

significare de fugā Romanis coeperunt,

Caes. B. G. 7, 26:

est aliquid de virtute significatum tuā,

Cic. Planc. 21, 52.—

Absol.:

diversae state... Neve inter vos significetis,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 14:

significare inter sese coeperunt,

Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 122:

ut quam maxime significem,

id. Tusc. 2, 20, 46:

ut fumo atque ignibus significabatur,

Caes. B. G. 2, 7 fin.:

ubi major atque illustrior incidit res, clamore per agros regionesque significant,

id. ib. 7, 3.—

In partic.

To betoken, prognosticate, foreshow, portend, mean (syn. praedico):

futura posse a quibusdam significari,

Cic. Div. 1, 1, 2:

quid haec tanta celeritas festinatioque significat?

id. Rosc. Am. 34, 97:

quid sibi significent, trepidantia consulit exta,

Ov. M. 15, 576; cf.:

quid mihi significant ergo mea visa?

id. ib. 9, 495:

significet placidos nuntia fibra deos,

Tib. 2, 1, 25:

quae fato manent, quamvis significata, non vitantur,

Tac. H. 1, 18.—

To betoken a change of weather (post-Aug.):

ventus Africus tempestatem significat, etc.,

Col. 11, 2, 4 sq.:

serenos dies (luna),

Plin. 18, 35, 79, § 348:

imbrem (occasus Librae),

id. ib. 26, 66, § 246.— Absol.:

terreni ignes proxime significant,

Plin. 18, 35, 84, § 357.—

To call, name:

quod Antoninum filium suum ipse significari voluit,

Capitol. Gord. 16.—

To mean, import, signify; of words:

carere hoc significat, egere eo, quod habere velis, etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:

multa verba aliud nunc ostendunt, aliud ante significabant, ut hostis,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 3 Müll.;

9, § 85 ib.: videtis hoc uno verbo unde significare res duas, et ex quo et a quo loco,

Cic. Caecin. 30, 88.—Of a fable:

haec significat fabula dominum videre plurimum,

Phaedr. 2, 8, 27; 4, 10, 16.— Hence, signĭfĭcans, antis, P. a., in rhet. lang., of speech, full of meaning, expressive, significant; graphic, distinct, clear:

locorum dilucida et significans descriptio,

Quint. 9, 2, 44:

verba,

id. 11, 1, 2; cf. id. 4, 2, 36; 4, 2, 8, prooem. §

31: demonstratio,

Plin. 8, 40, 61, § 147.— Transf., of orators:

Atticos esse lucidos et significantes,

Quint. 12, 10, 21.— Comp.:

quo nihil inveniri possit significantius,

Quint. 8, 2, 9; 8, 6, 6.— Sup.:

significantissimum vocabulum,

Gell. 1, 15, 17.— Adv.: signĭfĭcanter, clearly, distinctly, expressly, significantly, graphically:

breviter ac significanter ordinem rei protulisse,

Quint. 11, 1, 53:

rem indicare (with proprie),

id. 12, 10, 52:

dicere (with ornate),

id. 1, 7, 32.— Comp.:

apertius, significantius dignitatem alicujus defendere,

Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 3:

narrare,

Quint. 10, 1, 49:

disponere,

id. 3, 6, 65:

appellare aliquid (with consignatius),

Gell. 1, 25, 8:

dicere (with probabilius),

id. 17, 2, 11.— Sup., Pseudo Quint. Decl. 247.

signĭfĭco, āvi, ātum, 1 ( dep. collat. form signĭfĭcor, acc. to Gell. 18, 12, 10, without an example), v. a. [signum-facio].

In gen., to show by signs; to show, point out, express, publish, make known, indicate; to intimate, notify, signify, etc. (freq. and class.; syn.: monstro, declaro, indico).

With acc.:

aliquid alicui,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 1, 5:

hoc mihi significasse et annuisse visus est,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 91, § 213:

quae significari ac declarari volemus,

id. de Or. 3, 13, 49:

gratulationem,

id. Att. 4, 1, 5:

stultitiam,

id. Agr. 2, 12, 30:

deditionem,

Caes. B. G. 7, 40:

timorem fremitu et concursu,

id. ib. 4, 14:

vir, quem ne inimicus quidem satis in appellando significare poterat,

Cic. Font. 17, 39 (13, 29):

aliquid per gestum,

Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 36 et saep.— With two acc. (rare):

ut eorum ornatus in his regem neminem significaret,

Nep. Ages. 8, 2; id. Them. 2, 7.—

With object clause: hoc tibi non significandum solum, sed etiam [p. 1697] declarandum arbitror, nihil mihi esse potuisse tuis litteris gratius, Cic. Fam. 5, 13, 2; cf. id. Mil. 2, 4:

provocationem a regibus fuisse significant nostri augurales,

id. Rep. 2, 31, 54:

se esse admodum delectatos,

id. ib. 3, 30, 42:

omnes voce significare coeperunt, sese, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 2, 13; 4, 3; cf.:

hoc significant, sese ad statuas tuas pecuniam contulisse,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 60, § 148.—

With rel. or interrog.-clause:

neque unde, nec quo die datae essent (litterae), aut quo tempore te exspectarem, significabant,

Cic. Fam. 2, 19, 1:

nutu significat, quid velit,

Ov. M. 3, 643:

(anseres et canes) aluntur in Capitolio, ut significent, si fures venerint, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 20, 56:

significare coeperunt, ut dimitterentur,

Caes. B. C. 1, 86.—

With de:

significare de fugā Romanis coeperunt,

Caes. B. G. 7, 26:

est aliquid de virtute significatum tuā,

Cic. Planc. 21, 52.—

Absol.:

diversae state... Neve inter vos significetis,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 14:

significare inter sese coeperunt,

Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 122:

ut quam maxime significem,

id. Tusc. 2, 20, 46:

ut fumo atque ignibus significabatur,

Caes. B. G. 2, 7 fin.:

ubi major atque illustrior incidit res, clamore per agros regionesque significant,

id. ib. 7, 3.—

In partic.

To betoken, prognosticate, foreshow, portend, mean (syn. praedico):

futura posse a quibusdam significari,

Cic. Div. 1, 1, 2:

quid haec tanta celeritas festinatioque significat?

id. Rosc. Am. 34, 97:

quid sibi significent, trepidantia consulit exta,

Ov. M. 15, 576; cf.:

quid mihi significant ergo mea visa?

id. ib. 9, 495:

significet placidos nuntia fibra deos,

Tib. 2, 1, 25:

quae fato manent, quamvis significata, non vitantur,

Tac. H. 1, 18.—

To betoken a change of weather (post-Aug.):

ventus Africus tempestatem significat, etc.,

Col. 11, 2, 4 sq.:

serenos dies (luna),

Plin. 18, 35, 79, § 348:

imbrem (occasus Librae),

id. ib. 26, 66, § 246.— Absol.:

terreni ignes proxime significant,

Plin. 18, 35, 84, § 357.—

To call, name:

quod Antoninum filium suum ipse significari voluit,

Capitol. Gord. 16.—

To mean, import, signify; of words:

carere hoc significat, egere eo, quod habere velis, etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:

multa verba aliud nunc ostendunt, aliud ante significabant, ut hostis,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 3 Müll.;

9, § 85 ib.: videtis hoc uno verbo unde significare res duas, et ex quo et a quo loco,

Cic. Caecin. 30, 88.—Of a fable:

haec significat fabula dominum videre plurimum,

Phaedr. 2, 8, 27; 4, 10, 16.— Hence, signĭfĭcans, antis, P. a., in rhet. lang., of speech, full of meaning, expressive, significant; graphic, distinct, clear:

locorum dilucida et significans descriptio,

Quint. 9, 2, 44:

verba,

id. 11, 1, 2; cf. id. 4, 2, 36; 4, 2, 8, prooem. §

31: demonstratio,

Plin. 8, 40, 61, § 147.— Transf., of orators:

Atticos esse lucidos et significantes,

Quint. 12, 10, 21.— Comp.:

quo nihil inveniri possit significantius,

Quint. 8, 2, 9; 8, 6, 6.— Sup.:

significantissimum vocabulum,

Gell. 1, 15, 17.— Adv.: signĭfĭcanter, clearly, distinctly, expressly, significantly, graphically:

breviter ac significanter ordinem rei protulisse,

Quint. 11, 1, 53:

rem indicare (with proprie),

id. 12, 10, 52:

dicere (with ornate),

id. 1, 7, 32.— Comp.:

apertius, significantius dignitatem alicujus defendere,

Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 3:

narrare,

Quint. 10, 1, 49:

disponere,

id. 3, 6, 65:

appellare aliquid (with consignatius),

Gell. 1, 25, 8:

dicere (with probabilius),

id. 17, 2, 11.— Sup., Pseudo Quint. Decl. 247.

trans-fĕro, tŭli, lātum (also written trālātum), ferre, v. a., to bear across; to carry or bring over; to convey over, transport, transfer (syn.: traduco, traicio).

Lit.

In gen.:

cadum modo hinc a me huc cum vino transferam,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 1, 7:

hoc (simulacrum Dianae) translatum Carthaginem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 33, § 72:

mustela catulos suos cottidie transfert mutatque sedem,

Plin. 29, 4, 16, § 59:

Caesar paulo ultra eum locum castra transtulit,

Caes. B. C. 3, 66:

castra trans Peneum,

Liv. 42, 60, 3:

castra Baetim, Auct. B. Alex. 60, 5: signa ex statione,

Caes. B. C. 1, 60:

signa,

id. ib. 1, 74:

ad se ornamenta ex his (hortis),

Cic. Phil. 3, 12, 30:

copias in Boeotiam,

Just. 2, 14, 3.—

Of personal objects: illinc huc transferetur virgo,

Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 13:

Naevius trans Alpes usque transfertur,

Cic. Quint. 3, 12; cf.:

ex hoc hominum numero in impiorum partem atque in parricidarum coetum ac numerum transferetis?

id. Sull. 28, 77:

o Venus... vocantis Ture te multo Glycerae decoram Transfer in aedem,

transport thyself, Hor. C. 1, 30, 4.—

In partic.

Botanical t. t., of plants, to transplant; to transfer by grafting (syn. transero):

semina, quae transferuntur e terrā in terram,

Varr. R. R. 1, 39, 3; cf. id. ib. 1, 40, 4; Col. Arb. 1, 5; 20, 2:

videndum quā ex arbore in quam transferatur,

Varr. R. R. 1, 40, 5; 1, 41, 1:

omnia translata meliora grandioraque fiunt,

Plin. 19, 12, 60, § 183.—

To transfer by writing from one book into another; to copy, transcribe (syn. transcribo):

litterae... de tabulis in libros transferuntur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 77, § 189; so,

rationes in tabulas,

id. Rosc. Com. 3, 8:

de tuo edicto in meum totidem verbis,

id. Fam. 3, 8, 4:

versus translati,

Suet. Ner. 52.—

To carry along, carry in public, bear in triumph (rare):

triduum triumphavit. Die primo arma tela signaque aerea et marmorea transtulit,

Liv. 34, 52, 4:

in eo triumpho XLIX. coronae aureae translatae sunt,

id. 37, 58, 4:

tantundem auri atque argenti in eo triumpho translatum,

id. 39, 42, 4:

transtulit in triumpho multa militaria signa spoliaque alia,

id. 45, 43, 4:

cum in triumpho Caesaris eborea oppida essent translata,

Quint. 6, 3, 61.—

Trop.

In gen., to convey, direct, transport, transfer:

in Celtiberiam bellum transferre,

Caes. B. C. 1, 61:

cum videat omne ad se bellum translatum,

id. B. G. 7, 8; Liv. 3, 68, 13:

concilium Lutetiam,

Caes. B. G. 6, 3:

disciplina in Britannia reperta atque inde in Galliam translata esse existimatur,

id. ib. 6, 13:

sed, si placet, sermonem alio transferamus,

turn, direct, Cic. de Or. 1, 29, 133:

translatos alio maerebis amores,

Hor. Epod. 15, 23:

amorem huc,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 94:

amorem In mares,

Ov. M. 10, 84:

similitudinem ab oculis ad animum,

Cic. Off. 1, 4, 14:

animum ad accusandum,

id. Mur. 22, 46:

quod ab Ennio positum in unā re transferri in multas potest,

id. Off. 1, 16, 51:

definitionem in aliam rem,

id. Ac. 2, 14, 43:

hoc idem transfero in magistratus,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 51, § 126:

nihil est enim, quod de suo genere in aliud genus transferri possit,

id. Ac. 2, 16, 50:

culpam in alios,

id. Font. 4, 8; id. Att. 15, 28:

transferendi in nos criminis causa,

id. Sest. 38, 82:

suscepere duo manipulares imperium populi Romani transferendum et transtulerunt,

Tac. H. 1, 25: invidiam criminis, i. e. to avert from one ' s self, id. A. 2, 66:

ut quisque obvius, quamvis leviter audita in alios transferunt,

id. ib. 2, 82:

in jus Latii nationes Alpium,

id. ib. 15, 32:

ad se Lacedaemonii arma,

Just. 5, 1, 8; 38, 1, 8.—With se, to turn one ' s attention, devote one ' s self:

se ad artes componendas,

Cic. Brut. 12, 48:

se ad album et rubricas,

Quint. 12, 3, 11:

se ad genus dicendi,

Tac. Or. 19.—In eccl. Lat., to remove from the world without death:

translatus in paradisum,

Vulg. Ecclus. 44, 16; id. Heb. 11, 5.—

In partic.

To put off, postpone, defer, in respect of time (syn.: differo, prolato): causa haec integra in proximum annum transferetur, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 9, 2:

subito reliquit annum suum seseque in proximum annum transtulit,

i. e. postponed his suit, Cic. Mil. 9, 24.—

Of speaking or writing.

To [p. 1890] translate into another language (cf.:

verto, reddo, interpretor, exprimo): istum ego locum totidem verbis a Dicaearcho transtuli,

Cic. Att. 6, 2, 3; cf.:

si ad eorum cognitionem divina illa ingenia transferrem... locos quidem quosdam transferam, et maxime ab iis quos modo nominavi,

id. Fin. 1, 3, 7:

analogia, quam proxime ex Graeco transferentes in Latinum proportionem vocaverunt,

Quint. 1, 6, 3:

qui haec ex Graeco transtulerunt,

id. 2, 15, 21:

volumina in linguam Latinam,

Plin. 18, 3, 5, § 22:

quod Cicero his verbis transfert, etc.,

Quint. 5, 11, 27: kat antilêpsin Latine ad verbum translatum non invenio, id. 7, 4, 4; 7, 4, 7:

simul quae legentem fefellissent, transferentem fugere non possunt,

Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 2.—

To transfer to a secondary or figurative signification, to use figuratively or tropically:

utemur verbis aut iis, quae propria sunt... aut iis, quae transferuntur et quasi alieno in loco collocantur,

Cic. de Or. 3, 37, 149; cf. Quint. 8, 6, 5 sq.; 9, 1, 4:

cum verbum aliquod altius transfertur,

Cic. Or. 25, 82:

translata verba atque immutata. Translata dico, ut saepe jam, quae per similitudinem ab aliā re aut suavitatis aut inopiae causā transferuntur,

id. ib. 27, 92:

intexunt fabulas, verba apertius transferunt,

id. ib. 19, 65.—

Rhet. t. t.:

translatum exordium est, quod aliud conficit, quam causae genus postulat,

Cic. Inv. 1, 18, 26; cf. Quint. 4, 2, 71.—

To apply, make use of (for a new purpose, etc.):

hoc animi vitium ad utilitatem non transferemus,

Quint. 6, 2, 30; cf.:

inde stellionum nomine in male translato,

Plin. 30, 10, 27, § 89 Jan. (al. in maledictum; cf. 2. b. supra).—

To change, transform:

omnia In species translata novas,

Ov. M. 15, 420:

civitas verterat se transtuleratque,

Tac. H. 4, 11; cf.:

cum ebur et robur in o litteram secundae syllabae transferunt,

Quint. 1, 6, 22.