per-turbāta

per-turbo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to throw into confusion or disorder, to confuse, disturb (cf.: confundo, misceo).

Lit.:

omnia,

Ter. And. 3, 4, 22:

provinciam,

Cic. Sull. 20, 56:

aetatum ordinem,

id. Brut. 62, 223:

condiciones pactionesque bellicas perjurio,

id. Off. 3, 29, 108:

dies intermissus aut nox interposita saepe perturbat omnia,

id. Mur. 17, 35:

reliquos (milites) incertis ordinibus perturbaverunt,

Caes. B. G. 4, 32:

aciem,

Sall. J. 59, 3:

domum,

Sen. Thyest. 83.— Pass., Plin. Pan. 76, 8.—

Transf., to mix or mingle together:

omnia subtiliter cretā permisceas cum salibus torrefactis ac tritis et diu oleo injecto perturbes,

Pall. 12, 18.—

Trop., to disturb, discompose, embarrass, confound:

mea consilia,

Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 127:

mentes animosque perturbat timor,

Caes. B. G. 1, 39:

clamore perturbari,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 6, 18:

animum, joined with concitare,

id. Or. 37, 128:

de rei publicae salute perturbari,

id. Mil. 1, 1:

haec te vox non perculit? non perturbavit?

id. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 132:

magno animi motu perturbatus,

id. Att. 8, 11, 1.—Hence, perturbātus, a, um, P. a.

Troubled, disturbed, unquiet:

mihi civitatem perturbatam vestris legibus et contionibus et deductionibus tradidistis,

Cic. Agr. 1, 8, 23:

perturbatissimum tempestatis genus,

Sen. Q. N. 7, 10, 3:

flamma quassatae rei publicae perturbatorumque temporum,

Cic. Sest. 34, [p. 1360] 73.—

Disturbed, embarrassed, discomposed:

homo perturbatior metu,

Cic. Att. 10, 14, 1:

sane sum perturbatus cum ipsius familiaritate,

id. ib. 1, 1, 4.— Subst.: per-turbāta, ōrum, n., confused visions, perverted truths:

nunc onusti cibo et vino perturbata et confusa cernimus,

Cic. Div. 1, 29, 60.— Adv.: perturbātē, confusedly, disorderly:

ne quid perturbate, ne quid contorte dicatur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 29; id. Or. 35, 122:

muta animalia perturbate moveri,

Sen. Ep. 124, 19.

per-turbo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to throw into confusion or disorder, to confuse, disturb (cf.: confundo, misceo).

Lit.:

omnia,

Ter. And. 3, 4, 22:

provinciam,

Cic. Sull. 20, 56:

aetatum ordinem,

id. Brut. 62, 223:

condiciones pactionesque bellicas perjurio,

id. Off. 3, 29, 108:

dies intermissus aut nox interposita saepe perturbat omnia,

id. Mur. 17, 35:

reliquos (milites) incertis ordinibus perturbaverunt,

Caes. B. G. 4, 32:

aciem,

Sall. J. 59, 3:

domum,

Sen. Thyest. 83.— Pass., Plin. Pan. 76, 8.—

Transf., to mix or mingle together:

omnia subtiliter cretā permisceas cum salibus torrefactis ac tritis et diu oleo injecto perturbes,

Pall. 12, 18.—

Trop., to disturb, discompose, embarrass, confound:

mea consilia,

Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 127:

mentes animosque perturbat timor,

Caes. B. G. 1, 39:

clamore perturbari,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 6, 18:

animum, joined with concitare,

id. Or. 37, 128:

de rei publicae salute perturbari,

id. Mil. 1, 1:

haec te vox non perculit? non perturbavit?

id. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 132:

magno animi motu perturbatus,

id. Att. 8, 11, 1.—Hence, perturbātus, a, um, P. a.

Troubled, disturbed, unquiet:

mihi civitatem perturbatam vestris legibus et contionibus et deductionibus tradidistis,

Cic. Agr. 1, 8, 23:

perturbatissimum tempestatis genus,

Sen. Q. N. 7, 10, 3:

flamma quassatae rei publicae perturbatorumque temporum,

Cic. Sest. 34, [p. 1360] 73.—

Disturbed, embarrassed, discomposed:

homo perturbatior metu,

Cic. Att. 10, 14, 1:

sane sum perturbatus cum ipsius familiaritate,

id. ib. 1, 1, 4.— Subst.: per-turbāta, ōrum, n., confused visions, perverted truths:

nunc onusti cibo et vino perturbata et confusa cernimus,

Cic. Div. 1, 29, 60.— Adv.: perturbātē, confusedly, disorderly:

ne quid perturbate, ne quid contorte dicatur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 29; id. Or. 35, 122:

muta animalia perturbate moveri,

Sen. Ep. 124, 19.

curro, cŭcurri (old form cĕcurri, acc. to Gell. 7, 9, 14: curri, Varr. Imp. ap. Front. Ep. 2 Mai; Tert. Fug. in Pers. 12; Arn. 4, 4), cursum, 3, v. n. [kindr. with celer, coruscus], to run, to move quickly (on foot, on a horse, ship, etc.), to hasten, fly (very freq. in every period and species of composition).

Lit.

Of living beings:

si ingrederis curre, si curris advola,

Cic. Att. 2, 23, 3:

propere,

Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 56:

per vias,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 24:

per totum conclave pavidi,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 113:

circum loculos,

id. ib. 2, 3, 147:

subsidio,

Cic. Att. 12, 3, 2; Prop. 2 (3), 26, 17 al.:

in nostros toros,

id. 3, 20 (4, 19), 10 et saep.:

ad villam praecipitanter,

Lucr. 3, 1063:

per omne mare nautae,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 30:

trans mare,

id. Ep. 1, 11, 27:

extremos ad Indos mercator,

id. ib. 1, 1, 45; cf.:

injecto ter pulvere curras (nauta),

id. C. 1, 28, 36 al.:

sed neque currentem se nec cognoscit euntem,

his former strength, Verg. A. 12, 903:

ad vocem praeceps amensque cucurri,

Ov. M. 7, 844.—With acc. of distance:

uno die MCCCV. stadia,

Plin. 7, 20, 20, § 84; cf.

in a figure: eosdem cursus,

Cic. Agr. 2, 17, 44; cf. b infra.— Poet., of flight:

medio ut limite curras, Icare, moneo,

Ov. M. 8, 203.—With inf.:

quis illam (dextram) osculari non curreret?

Val. Max. 5, 1, ext. 1.— Impers.:

ad me curritur,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 44:

curritur ad praetorium,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 35, § 92:

quo curratur celeriter,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 30 al. —

Rarely with the homogeneous objects iter, stadium, campus, etc.:

qui stadium currit,

who runs a race, Cic. Off. 3, 10, 42:

currimus aequor,

Verg. A. 3, 191; 5, 235 (cf. id. ib. 5, 862).—Hence pass.: unde et campus curritur et mare navigatur, Auct. ap. Quint. 1, 4, 28.—

Prov.: currentem incitare or instigare, etc., to spur a willing horse, i. e. to urge one who needs no urging, Cic. Phil. 3, 8, 19; id. Fam. 15, 15, 3; id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16, § 45:

facilius est currentem, ut aiunt, incitare quam commovere languentem,

id. de Or. 2, 44, 186; Plin. Ep. 3, 7, 15; cf.

ellipt.: quod me hortaris... currentem tu quidem,

Cic. Att. 13, 45, 2; so,

currentem hortari,

id. ib. 5, 9, 1;

6, 7, 1: currenti calcaria addere,

Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 1:

asellum currere doceas,

i. e. you labor to no purpose, Hor. S. 1, 1, 91:

per flammam,

to go through fire, Cic. Tusc. 2, 26, 62.—

Transf., of inanimate objects (mostly poet.):

sol currens,

Lucr. 5, 682;

of liquids: amnes in aequora currunt,

Verg. A. 12, 524; id. ib. 1, 607; Ov. M. 8, 597;

Auct. B. Hisp. 29 al.: currente rotā,

Hor. C. 3, 10, 10; id. A. P. 22; Ov. P. 4, 9, 10:

quam (chlamydem) circum Purpura cucurrit,

Verg. A. 5, 250; cf. Stat. Th. 2, 98:

rubor per ora,

Verg. A. 12, 66 et saep.:

linea per medium,

Plin. 18, 34, 77, § 331:

limes per agrum,

id. 18, 33, 76, § 326; 2, 108, 112, §§

243 and 245: vox currit conchato parietum spatio,

id. 11, 51, 112, § 270:

varius per ora cucurrit Ausonidum turbata fremor,

Verg. A. 11, 296:

carmina dulci modulatione currentia,

Lact. 5, 1, 10;

of the eyes: oculi currentes, huc illucque directi et furiose respicientes,

Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 7, 2, p. 281 Garet.—

Trop.:

non quo multa parum communis littera currat,

not but that they have many letters in common, Lucr. 2, 692:

proclivi currit oratio, venit ad extremum, haeret in salebrā,

runs, Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84:

historia currere debet ac ferri,

Quint. 9, 4, 18:

cum debeant sublimia ingredi, acria currere,

id. 9, 4, 139:

numeri,

id. 9, 4, 31; cf.

rhythmi,

id. 9, 4, 50:

versus incomposito pede,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 1:

sententia,

id. ib. 1, 10, 9:

currit ferox Aetas,

flies away, passes, id. C. 2, 5, 13.—

With acc., to run, traverse (cf. I. b. supra):

eosdem cursus currere,

to adopt the same policy, Cic. Agr. 2, 17, 44:

talia saecla, suis dixerunt, currite, fusis Concordes Parcae,

Verg. E. 4, 46 (al. regard saecla as voc.; al. take currite as transitive, produce such ages, cause them to be such, as ye run; cf. Forbig ad loc.).

spĕcĭes, ēi ( gen. sing. specie or specii, Matius ap. Gell. 9, 14, 15; gen. and dat. plur. were not in use in Cicero's time, but formarum, formis were used instead; cf. Cic. Top. 7, 30.—At a later period were introduced:

specierum,

Pall. Oct. 14, 15; Cod. Just. 1, 2, 10; Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 5, § 151; cf. Charis. p. 18 P.; and Diom. p. 281 P.:

speciebus,

App. ad Asclep. p. 92, 25; Cod. Just. 11, 9, 1 al.; Dig. 28, 2, 29, § 10), f. [specio].

Act., a seeing, sight, look, view (rare; cf.

aspectus): speciem quo vortimus,

Lucr. 4, 242; so id. 4, 236 (for which, a little before, visus); 5, 707; 5, 724; Vitr. 3, 2 fin.; 5, 9:

si tantis intervallis nostra species potest id animadvertere,

id. 9, 4:

qui sensus nostros specie primā acerrime commovent,

Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 98:

qui doloris speciem ferre non possunt,

id. Tusc. 2, 23, 54.—

Pass., prop. that which is seen in a thing, i. e. the outward appearance, outside, exterior; shape, form, figure, mien, etc. (freq. and class.; syn. forma).

Lit.:

praeter speciem stultus,

Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 49:

quod speciem ac formam similem gerit ejus imago,

Lucr. 4, 52; cf.:

quae species formaque pugnae, qui motus hominum non ita expictus est, ut, etc.,

outlines, contours, Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 114:

esse aliquem humanā specie et figurā,

id. Rosc. Am. 22, 63:

hominis esse specie deos confitendum est,

id. N. D. 1, 18, 48:

edepol specie lepida mulier!

Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 2; cf.:

bellan' videtur specie mulier?

id. Bacch. 4, 7, 40; id. Most. 1, 3, 23; id. Mil. 4, 2, 10; 4, 6, 20:

urbis speciem vidi,

id. Pers. 4, 4, 2; so,

species praeclara oppidi,

Cic. Rep. 3, 32, 44; id. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 129:

sphaerae (Archimedeae), etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 14, 21:

navium,

Caes. B. G. 4, 25; cf.:

nova atque inusitata,

id. ib. 2, 31:

horribilis,

id. ib. 7, 36:

agro bene culto nihil potest esse specie ornatius,

Cic. Sen. 16, 57:

horum hominum species est honestissima,

id. Cat. 2, 8, 18:

ad speciem magnifico ornatu,

as to outward appearance, id. Verr. 2, 1, 22, § 58:

populi,

id. Rep. 3, 33, 45:

nec ulla deformior species est civitatis, quam illa, in quā opulentissimi optimi putantur,

id. Rep. 1, 34, 51: speciem honesti habere, the look or semblance of what is right, id. Off. 3, 2, 7:

turba majorem quam pro numero speciem ferens,

Curt. 3, 2, 3; cf.:

fallaces sunt rerum species, quibus credimus,

Sen. Ben. 4, 34, 1.—

Something seen, a spectacle, sight, appearance:

ponite itaque ante oculos miseram quidem illam ac flebilem speciem,

Cic. Phil. 11, 3:

non tulit hanc speciem furiatā mente Coroebus,

Verg. A. 2, 407 (cf. I. supra).—

Trop., that which is seen by the mind, an idea, notion: hanc illi idean appellabant:

nos recte speciem possumus dicere,

Cic. Ac. 1, 8, 30; cf. id. Top. 7, 30:

insidebat in ejus mente species eloquentiae,

id. Or. 5, 18:

excellentis eloquentiae speciem et formam adumbrabimus,

id. ib. 14, 43:

species, forma et notio viri boni,

id. Off. 3, 20, 81; cf.:

prima sit haec forma et species et origo tyranni,

id. Rep. 2, 29, 51:

qui species alias veri scelerisque capiet,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 208:

utinam non inanes species anxio animo figuraret,

Curt. 7, 1, 36.—

In partic.

A look, show, seeming, appearance, semblance, pretence, cloak, color, pretext, etc. (opp. that which is real, actual, etc.).

In gen.:

obiciuntur saepe formae, quae reapse nullae sunt, speciem autem offerunt,

Cic. Div. 1, 37, 81:

ista securitas specie quidem blanda sed reapse, etc.,

id. Lael. 13, 47:

cujus rei species erat acceptio frumenti,

Sall. J. 29, 4:

fraudi imponere aliquam speciem juris,

Liv. 9, 11:

specie liberā... re verā, etc.,

id. 35, 31; cf.:

litteras inanis vanā specie libertatis adumbratas esse,

id. 33, 31, 2 Weissenb. ad loc.:

plurimi ibi a fallaci equitum specie agasonibusque excepti sunt,

id. 7, 15, 7:

si dux primam speciem adpropinquantis terroris sustinuisset,

id. 44, 6, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.:

quae (nomina) primā specie admirationem, re explicatā risum movent,

Cic. Fin. 4, 22, 61:

quaedam humanitatis habent primam speciem ut misericordia,

id. Tusc. 4, 14, 32:

similitudinem quandam speciemque sapientium gerere,

id. Off. 3, 4, 16:

si speciem utilitatis voluptas habere dicetur,

id. ib. 3, 33, 120.— Hence,

Esp. with gen. of that which is assumed or pretended, under pretext of, under pretence of, etc.

With abl.:

fortis viros specie quādam virtutis adsimulatae tenebat,

Cic. Cael. 6, 14.—

With sub:

sub specie tutelae liberūm ejus invasisse regnum,

Curt. 9, 2, 7; 10, 6, 21; Liv. 44, 24, 4.—

With per:

per speciem celebrandarum cantu epularum,

Liv. 9, 30, 8:

per speciem auxilii Byzantiis ferendi, re ipsā, etc.,

id. 39, 35, 4; 40, 13, 8; 42, 52, 8.—

With in:

si quis in speciem refectionis (viae) deteriorem viam facit,

Dig. 43, 11, 1, § 2.—Adverb.: in speciem, for a show, as a pretence:

haud dubio in speciem consensu fit ad Poenos deditio,

Liv. 24, 1, 8:

dilatā in speciem actione, re ipsā sublatā,

id. 3, 9, 13; so,

ad speciem tabernaculis relictis,

Caes. B. C. 2, 35 fin.; id. B. G. 1, 51; Quint. Cic. Pet. Cons. 5, 18 al.—

Also with gen.: in speciem, after the manner, in the fashion, like (cf. tamquam; poet.):

inque chori ludunt speciem,

Ov. M. 3, 685:

in montis speciem curvari,

id. ib. 15, 509; cf.:

scorpiones vermiculos ovorum specie pariunt,

Plin. 11, 25, 30, § 86.—

Pregn., like the Engl. show, for ornament, display, splendor, beauty (cf.:

dignitas, venustas): ut in usum boni sint et in speciem populo,

Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 42:

fuit pompa, fuit species, fuit incessus saltem Seplasiā dignus et Capuā,

Cic. Pis. 11, 24:

adhibere quandam in dicendo speciem atque pompam,

id. de Or. 2, 72, 294:

speciem candoremque caeli,

id. Tusc. 1, 28, 68; cf. id. N. D. 2, 37; 2, 39:

specie et motu capere homines,

id. Brut. 62, 224:

triumpho praebere speciem,

Liv. 34, 52, 10:

addere speciem,

id. 37, 40; 9, 40:

si fortunatum species et gratia praestat,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 203:

ducit te species,

id. S. 2, 2, 35:

speciem Saturnia vaccae probat,

Ov. M. 1, 612:

juvenis,

Juv. 10, 310:

corporis,

Curt. 7, 9, 19; Vitr. 3, 2.—

Transf.

Concr. (for simulacrum, i. q. eidôgon).

An appearance in sleep, a vision, apparition (mostly poet.), Lucr. 1, 125:

repetit quietis Ipsa suae speciem,

Ov. M. 9, 473:

voce suā specieque viri turbata soporem Excutit,

id. ib. 11, 677:

in quiete utrique consuli eadem dicitur visa species viri, etc.,

Liv. 8, 6:

per nocturnas species,

id. 26, 19; cf.:

mirabundi velut ad somni vanam speciem,

id. 33, 32, 7; Sil. 13, 394; Curt. 3, 6, 7.—

A likeness, image, statue: tum species ex aere vetus concidit... Et divum simulacra peremit fulminis ardor... Sancta Jovis species... Haec tardata diu species tandem celsā in sede locata, Cic. poët. Div. 1, [p. 1737] 12, 21.—

Reputation, honor:

o speciem dignitatemque populi Romani, quam reges pertimescant,

Cic. Dom. 33, 89.—

The particular thing among many to which the looks are turned; hence, a particular sort, kind, or quality, a species:

species pars est generis,

App. Asclep. p. 78, 26:

harum singula genera minimum in binas species dividi possunt, etc.,

Varr. R. R. 3, 3, 3; cf.:

genus est id, quod sui similes communione quādam, specie autem differentes, duas aut plures complectitur partes,

Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 189:

primum illud genus quaerimus, ex quo ceterae species suspensae sunt... Homo species est, ut Aristoteles ait, canis species: commune his vinculum animal,

Sen. Ep. 58, 7; Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 4; id. L. L. 10, § 18; Cic. Inv. 1, 27, 40; id. Or. 10, 33; id. Top. 18, 68; Quint. 3, 6, 26; 3, 10, 2; 5, 10, 90 al.: codicillis multas species vestis, argenti specialiter reliquit, many kinds or sorts, Dig. 34, 2, 19; cf. ib. 41, 1, 7.—

In later jurid. lang., a special case:

proponitur apud eum species talis: Sutor puero discenti cervicem percussit, etc.,

Dig. 9, 2, 5 fin.; 31, 1, 85.—

In late Lat., goods, wares (that are classed together; cf. assortment);

publicae,

Cod. Just. 1, 2, 10:

annonariae,

ib. 11, 73, 3:

vendenda sit species,

i. e. wine, Pall. Oct. 14, 3.—Esp., spices, drugs, etc., Macr. S. 7, 8 med.; Dig. 39, 4, 16, § 7; Pall. Oct. 14 fin.

rĕ-pōno, pŏsŭi, pŏsĭtum, 3 ( perf. reposivi, Plaut. As. 3, 1, 16; part. sync. repostus, a, um, on account of the metre, Lucr. 1, 35; 3, 346; Verg. G. 3, 527; id. A. 1, 26; 6, 59; 655; 11, 149; Hor. Epod. 9, 1; Sil. 7, 507 al.), v. a., to lay, place, put, or set back, i. e.,

With the idea of the re predominant.

To lay, place, put, or set a thing back in its former place; to replace, restore, etc. (class.; syn. remitto).

Lit.:

cum suo quemque loco lapidem reponeret,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 56, § 146:

quicque suo loco,

Col. 12, 3, 4:

humum,

the earth dug from a pit, Verg. G. 2, 231:

pecuniam in thesauris,

Liv. 29, 18, 15 Weissenb.; 31, 13; cf.:

ornamenta templorum in pristinis sedibus,

Val. Max. 5, 1, 6:

infans repositus in cunas,

Suet. Aug. 94:

ossa in suas sedes,

Cels. 8, 10, 1:

femur ne difficulter reponatur vel repositum excidat,

set again, id. 8, 20; 8, 10, 7: se in cubitum, to lean on the elbow again (at table), Hor. S. 2, 4, 39:

insigne regium, quod ille de suo capite abjecerat, reposuit,

Cic. Sest. 27, 58:

columnas,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 56, § 147:

tantundem inaurati aeris,

Suet. Caes. 54:

togam,

to gather up again, Quint. 6, 3, 54; 11, 3, 149:

capillum,

id. 11, 3, 8, prooem. §

22: excussus curru ac rursus repositus,

Suet. Ner. 24:

nos in sceptra,

to reinstate, Verg. A. 1, 253; cf.:

reges per bella pulsos,

Sil. 10, 487:

aliquem solio,

Val. Fl. 6, 742:

veniet qui nos in lucem reponat dies,

Sen. Ep. 36, 10:

ut mihi des nummos sexcentos quos continuo tibi reponam hoc triduo aut quadriduo,

Plaut. Pers. 1, 1, 38; Sen. Ben. 4, 32 fin.:

quosdam nihil reposuisse,

Plin. Ep. 8, 2, 6:

donata,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 39:

flammis ambesa reponunt Robora navigiis,

to replace, restore, Verg. A. 5, 752:

aris ignem,

id. ib. 3, 231:

molem,

Sil. 1, 558:

ruptos vetustate pontes,

Tac. A. 1, 63:

fora templaque,

id. H. 3, 34:

amissa urbi,

id. A. 16, 13:

statuas a plebe disjectas,

Suet. Caes. 65:

cenam,

Mart. 2, 37, 10;

so esp. freq. in Vergil, of the serving up of a second course, as of a renewed banquet: sublata pocula,

Verg. A. 8, 175:

plena pocula,

id. G. 4, 378:

vina mensis (soon after, instaurare epulas),

id. A. 7, 134:

epulas,

id. G. 3, 527:

festas mensas,

Stat. Th. 2, 88:

cibi frigidi et repositi,

Quint. 2, 4, 29.—

Trop., to put or bring back; to replace, restore, renew:

ut, si quid titubaverint (testes), opportuna rursus interrogatione velut in gradum reponantur,

Quint. 5, 7, 11; cf.:

excidentes unius admonitione verbi in memoriam reponuntur,

id. 11, 2, 19:

nec vera virtus, cum semel excidit, Curat reponi deterioribus,

Hor. C. 3, 5, 30.—

To represent or describe again, to repeat:

fabula quae posci vult et spectata reponi,

Hor. A. P. 190:

Achillem (after Homer),

id. ib. 120; cf.:

dicta paterna,

Pers. 6, 66.—

To repay, requite, return:

cogitemus, alios non facere injuriam, sed reponere,

Sen. Ira, 2, 28; cf. Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 19:

semper ego auditor tantum? nunquamne reponam?

repay, Juv. 1, 1.—

To put back, put to rest, quiet:

pontum et turbata litora,

Val. Fl. 1, 682; cf.:

post otiosam et repositam vitam,

Amm. 29, 1, 44.—

To bend backwards, lay back: (grues) mollia crura reponunt, bend back (in walking), Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. G. 3, 76 (Ann. v. 545 Vahl.);

imitated by Virgil: pullus mollia crura reponit,

Verg. G. 3, 76:

cervicem reponunt et bracchium in latus jactant,

Quint. 4, 2, 39:

tereti cervice repostā,

Lucr. 1, 35:

interim quartus (digitus) oblique reponitur,

Quint. 11, 3, 99:

hic potissimum et vocem flectunt et cervicem reponunt,

id. 4, 2, 39:

membra (mortui) toro,

Verg. A. 6, 220:

membra stratis,

id. ib. 4, 392.—

To lay aside or away for preservation; to lay up, store up, keep, preserve, reserve (class.; cf.: regero, reservo).

Lit.: nec tempestive demetendi [p. 1571] percipiendique fructūs neque condendi ac reponendi ulla pecudum scientia est, Cic. N. D. 2, 62, 156:

cibum,

Quint. 2, 4, 29:

formicae farris acervum tecto reponunt,

Verg. A. 4, 403:

Caecubum ad festas dapes,

Hor. Epod. 9, 1:

mella in vetustatem,

Col. 12, 11, 1; 12, 44, 7:

alimenta in hiemem,

Quint. 2, 16, 16:

(caseum) hiemi,

Verg. G. 3, 403:

omnia quae multo ante memor provisa repones,

id. ib. 1, 167:

thesaurum,

Quint. 2, 7, 4:

scripta in aliquod tempus,

id. 10, 4, 2.— Poet.:

eadem (gratia) sequitur tellure repostos, i. e. conditos,

buried, Verg. A. 6, 655; cf.:

an poteris siccis mea fata reponere ocellis? (= me mortuum),

Prop. 1, 17, 11:

tu pias laetis animas reponis Sedibus,

Hor. C. 1, 10, 17:

repono infelix lacrimas, et tristia carmina servo,

Stat. S. 5, 5, 47.—

Trop.:

opus est studio praecedente et acquisitā facultate et quasi repositā,

Quint. 8, prooem. §

29: aliquid scriptis,

id. 11, 2, 9:

manet altā mente repostum Judicium Paridis,

Verg. A. 1, 26:

reponere odium,

Tac. Agr. 39 fin.:

sensibus haec imis... reponas,

Verg. E. 3, 54.—

To put in the place of, to substitute one thing for another (class.).

Lit.:

non puto te meas epistulas delere, ut reponas tuas,

Cic. Fam. 7, 18, 2:

Aristophanem pro Eupoli,

id. Att. 12, 6, 2; Quint. 11, 2, 49:

eorumque in vicem idonea reponenda,

Col. 4, 26, 2:

dira ne sedes vacet, monstrum repone majus,

Sen. Phoen. 122.—

Trop.:

at vero praeclarum diem illis reposuisti, Verria ut agerent,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 21, § 52.—

To lay aside, to lay down, lay by, put away.

Lit.:

remum,

Plaut. As. 3, 1, 16:

arma omnia,

Caes. B. C. 2, 14:

caestus artemque,

Verg. A. 5, 484:

feretro reposto,

id. ib. 11, 149:

onus,

Cat. 31, 8:

telasque calathosque infectaque pensa,

Ov. M. 4, 10; Sil. 7, 507:

rursus sumptas figuras,

Ov. M. 12, 557:

bracchia,

to let down, Val. Fl. 4, 279.— Poet.:

jam falcem arbusta reponunt,

i. e. permit to be laid aside, Verg. G. 2, 416.—

Trop.:

brevem fugam,

to end the flight, Stat. Th. 6, 592:

iram,

Manil. 2, 649.—

With the idea of the verb predominant, to lay, place, put, set a thing anywhere (freq. and class.; syn. colloco).

Lit.:

grues in tergo praevolantium colla et capita reponunt,

Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125:

colla in plumis,

Ov. M. 10, 269:

litteras in gremio,

Liv. 26, 15:

hunc celso in ostro,

Val. Fl. 3, 339:

ligna super foco Large reponens,

Hor. C. 1, 9, 6:

(nidum) ante fores sacras reponit,

Ov. M. 15, 407.— With in and acc.:

uvas in vasa nova,

Col. 12, 16:

data sunt legatis, quae in aerarium reposuerant,

Val. Max. 4, 3, 9:

anulos in locellum,

id. 7, 8, 9; cf.:

mergum altius in terram,

Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 205.—

Trop., to place, put, set; to place, count, reckon among:

in vestrā mansuetudine atque humanitate causam totam repono,

Cic. Sull. 33, 92:

vos meam defensionem in aliquo artis loco reponetis,

id. de Or. 2, 48, 198:

suos hortatur, ut spem omnem in virtute reponant,

Caes. B. C. 2, 41:

in se omnem spem,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 36:

nihil spei in caritate civium,

Liv. 1, 49; 2, 39:

salutem ac libertatem in illorum armis dextrisque,

id. 27, 45:

verum honorem non in splendore titulorum, sed in judiciis hominum,

Plin. Pan. 84, 8; id. Ep. 1, 3, 3:

plus in duce quam in exercitu,

Tac. G. 30; Liv. 24, 37:

plus in deo quam in viribus reponentes,

Just. 24, 8, 2:

fiduciam in re reponere,

Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 16; 1, 8, 14:

ea facta, quae in obscuritate et silentio reponuntur,

id. ib. 1, 8, 6:

quos equidem in deorum immortalium coetu ac numero repono,

place, count, reckon among, Cic. Sest. 68, 143; so,

sidera in deorum numero,

id. N. D. 2, 21, 54; cf. id. ib. 3, 19, 47 Mos. N. cr.:

Catulum in clarissimorum hominum numero,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 90, § 210: aliquem in suis, Antonius ap. Cic. Att. 10, 8, A, 1.— With in and acc.:

homines morte deletos in deos,

Cic. N. D. 1, 15, 38:

in deorum numerum reponemus,

id. ib. 3, 19, 47:

Isocratem hunc in numerum non repono,

id. Opt. Gen. 6, 17:

aliquid in fabularum numerum,

id. Inv. 1, 26, 39; and:

hanc partem in numerum,

id. ib. 1, 51, 97:

in ejus sinum rem publicam,

Suet. Aug. 94.—Hence, rĕpŏsĭ-tus ( rĕpostus), a, um, P. a.

Remote, distant (syn. remotus;

very rare): penitusque repostas Massylum gentes,

Verg. A. 6, 59:

terrae,

id. ib. 3, 364:

populi,

Sil. 3, 325:

convalles,

App. M. 4, p. 145, 6.—

Laid aside, stored up:

spes,

Vulg. Col. 1, 5:

corona justitiae,

id. 2, Tim. 4, 8.

rumpo, rūpi, ruptum ( inf. paragog. rumpier, Afran. Com. 127), 3, v. a. [root rup], to break, burst, tear, rend, rive, rupture; to break asunder, burst in pieces, force open, etc. (very freq. and class.; a favorite word of the Aug. poets; cf. frango).

Lit.: SI MEMBRVM RVPIT NI CVM EO PACIT TALIO ESTO, Lex XII. Tab. ap. Fest. S. V. TALIO, p. 274; and ap. Gell. 20, 1, 14; cf. Cato ap. Prisc. p. 710 P.:

vincula,

Lucr. 3, 83; Cic. Cat. 4, 4, 8; id. Tusc. 1, 30, 74; Prop. 4, 10, 4; Verg. A. 10, 233 al.:

catenas,

Prop. 3, 13, 11; Hor. S. 2, 7, 70; Ov. Am. 3, 11, 3:

frena pudoris,

Prop. 4, 18, 3:

obstantia claustra,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 9:

teretes plagas (aper),

id. C. 1, 1, 28:

pontem,

to break down, Liv. 7, 9; cf.:

rupti torrentibus pontes,

Quint. 2, 13, 16:

montem aceto (Hannibal),

Juv. 10, 153:

Alpes,

Sil. 11, 135:

arcum,

Phaedr. 3, 14, 10:

plumbum (aqua),

Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 20:

carinam (sinus Noto remugiens),

id. Epod. 10, 20:

tenta cubilia tectaque,

id. ib. 12, 12:

vestes,

Ov. M. 6, 131; cf.:

tenues a pectore vestes,

id. A. A. 3, 707:

sinus pariterque capillos,

id. M. 10, 722:

linum ruptum aut turbata cera,

Quint. 12, 8, 13:

praecordia ferro,

to penetrate, Ov. M. 6, 251; 5, 36; cf.:

guttura cultro,

to cut, id. ib. 15, 465:

colla securi,

id. ib. 12, 249:

nubem (vis venti),

to sunder, rive, Lucr. 6, 432:

fulmen nubes rumpit,

Sen. Q. N. 2, 58, 1:

spiritus rumpit nubes,

id. ib. 2, 54, 3:

ruptae nubes et in pronum solutae,

id. ib. 5, 12, 1:

caelum,

Sil. 3, 196:

polum,

id. 1, 135: turbo ruptus, breaking or bursting forth, Verg. A. 2, 416 et saep.:

tuā causā rupi ramices,

burst, ruptured, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 30:

suos ramices,

id. Poen. 3, 1, 37:

inflatas vesiculas,

Cic. Div. 2, 14, 33:

pectora fremitu (leones),

Lucr. 3, 297:

illius immensae ruperunt horrea messes,

filled to repletion, Verg. G. 1, 49; Col. 10, 307:

frugibus rupta congestis horrea,

Sid. 1, 6:

ilia,

Cat. 11, 20; 80, 7; Verg. E. 7, 26; cf. with a personal object:

rupit Iarbitam Timagenis aemula lingua, Dum, etc.,

Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 15.—Esp. reflexively, to burst or split one ' s self, to burst, split, etc.:

me rupi causā currendo tuā,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 43; id. Capt. prol. 14; Lucil. ap. Non. 88, 11; 382, 23:

ut me ambulando rumperet,

Ter. Hec. 3, 4, 21:

non, si te ruperis, Par eris,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 319.— Mid.: ego misera risu clandestino rumpier, to burst, split, Afran. ap. Non. 382, 21 (Com. Rel. p. 154 Rib.); so,

frigidus in pratis cantando rumpitur anguis,

Verg. E. 8, 71:

quā (licentiā audacium) ante rumpebar, nunc ne movear quidem,

could have burst, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 1:

et inflatas rumpi vesiculas,

id. Div. 2, 14, 33; cf.:

rumpantur iniqui, Vicimus,

Prop. 1, 8, 27:

miser Rumperis (sc. irā) et latras,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 136: rumpere viam, iter, etc., to force a passage, make one ' s way by force: ferro rumpenda per hostes Est via, a passage must be burst or forced through, Verg. A. 10, 372; cf.:

eo nisi corporibus armisque rupere cuneo viam,

Liv. 2, 50:

rupta via,

Quint. 9, 4, 63:

viam igne,

Stat. Th. 8, 469:

iter ferro,

Sil. 4, 196 (with reserare viam);

15, 782: Alpes,

id. 11, 135:

rupto sonuit sacer aequore Titan,

Val. Fl. 2, 37:

cursus,

id. ib. 1, 3; Sil. 7, 568 et saep.:

rumpere media agmina,

to burst through, break through, Verg. A. 12, 683; cf.:

proelia misso equo,

Prop. 3, 11, 64 (4, 10, 62):

ruptā mersum caput obruit undā,

Ov. M. 11, 569:

mediam aciem,

Liv. 26, 5:

pugnantibus acies rumpenda,

Just. 1, 6, 11:

ordines,

Liv. 6, 13:

aditus,

Verg. A. 2, 494:

parvos hiatus,

Sil. 5, 616:

fontem,

to break open, cause to break forth, Ov. M. 5, 257:

fontes abyssae magnae,

Vulg. Gen. 7, 11: se rumpere, to break out, burst forth ( = erumpere):

ubi sub lucem densa inter nubila sese Diversi rumpent radii,

Verg. G. 1, 446:

tantus se nubibus imber Ruperat,

id. A. 11, 548:

unde altus primum se erumpit Enipeus,

id. G. 4, 368; so,

rumpi, in mid. force: dum amnes ulli rumpuntur fontibus,

id. ib. 3, 428:

alicui reditum,

to cut off, Hor. Epod. 13, 15.— Absol.: offendit, fregit, rumpit, icit poculo, wounds, Afran. ap. Non. 124, 6 (Com. Rel. p. 173 Rib.); so, si quis rumpet occidetve insciens ne fraus esto, an ancient form of rogation in Liv. 22, 10, 5; cf. Dig. 9, 2, 27, § 17. —

Trop., to break, violate, destroy, annul, make void, interrupt, etc.:

hunc quisquam... foedera scientem neglexisse, violasse, rupisse dicere audebit?

Cic. Balb. 5, 13; so,

foedera,

Lucr. 2, 254; Auct. Her. 4, 14, 20; Liv. 9, 1; 21, 10; Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 35:

foedus,

Liv. 3, 25, 5; 42, 40, 3:

imperium,

Curt. 10, 2, 15; Tac. A. 13, 36; id. H. 3, 19:

sacramenti religionem,

Liv. 28, 27:

reverentiam sacramenti,

Tac. H. 1, 12:

fidem induciarum, pacis, etc.,

Liv. 9, 40 fin.; 24, 29; Verg. G. 4, 213; Flor. 4, 2, 16:

jus gentium,

Liv. 4, 17:

hostium jus et sacra legationis et fas gentium,

Tac. A. 1, 42:

rogationes vos rogatas rumpitis,

Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 24:

edicta,

Hor. C. 4, 15, 22:

decreta,

Ov. M. 15, 780:

leges,

Luc. 4, 175:

constat, agnascendo rumpi testamentum,

is made void, Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 241; cf.:

jura testamentorum ruptorum aut ratorum,

id. ib. 1, 38, 173:

nuptias,

Hor. C. 1, 15, 7:

amores,

Verg. A. 4, 292:

condiciones pacis,

Vell. 2, 48, 5:

obsequium,

Suet. Galb. 16:

fata aspera,

Verg. A. 6, 882:

fati necessitatem humanis consiliis,

Liv. 1, 42:

ne me e somno excitetis et rumpatis visum,

break in upon, interrupt, Cic. Rep. 6, 12, 12; so,

somnum,

Verg. A. 7, 458; cf. Sen. Ep. 51, 12:

sacra,

Verg. A. 8, 110:

carmina,

Tib. 2, 3, 20:

novissima verba,

Ov. A. A. 1, 539:

ut vero amplexus fessi rupere supremos,

Val. Fl. 5, 32:

strepitu silentia rumpi,

Lucr. 4, 583:

silentia (verbis),

Verg. A. 10, 64; Ov. M. 1, 208; 11, 598; Hor. Epod. 5, 85; Val. Fl. 3, 509; Plin. Pan. 55, 4:

diutinum silentium,

App. M. 10, p. 239, 14:

taciturnitatem,

Tac. A. 1, 74:

patientiam,

Suet. Tib. 24:

en age, segnes Rumpe moras,

break off, end delay, Verg. G. 3, 43; so,

rumpe moras,

id. A. 4, 569; 9, 13; Ov. M. 15, 583 Bach, N. cr.; Val. Fl. 1, 306; Mart. 2, 64, 9; Plin. Ep. 5, 11, 2; cf.:

rumpunt moras,

Luc. 1, 264:

otia,

Verg. A. 6, 813.— Poet.: rumpit has imo pectore voces, breaks forth, breaks out in, gives vent to, utters, etc., Verg. A. 11, 377; so,

vocem,

id. ib. 2, 129; 3, 246; Sil. 8, 301; Tac. A. 6, 20:

questus,

Verg. A. 4, 553; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 2, 249:

gemitum,

Sil. 4, 458.

sīdus, ĕris, n. [cf. Sanscr. svid, to sweat, melt; Gr. sidêros (molten) iron; Lat. sudo].

Stars united in a figure, a group of stars, a constellation (and hence mostly plur.;

only so ap. Cic., Cæs., and Quint.): sunt stellae quidem singulares, ut erraticae quinque et ceterae, quae non admixtae aliis solae feruntur: sidera vero, quae in aliquod signum stellarum plurium compositione formantur, ut Aries, Taurus, Andromeda, Perseus, vel Corona et quaecumque variarum genera formarum in caelum recepta creduntur. Sic et apud Graecos aster et astron diversa significant et aster stella una est, astron signum stellis coactum, quod nos sidus vocamus,

Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 14 med.

Plur.:

illi sempiterni ignes, quae sidera et stellas vocatis,

Cic. Rep. 6, 15, 15:

signis sideribusque caelestibus,

id. N. D. 1, 13, 35:

circuitus solis et lunae reliquorumque siderum,

id. ib. 2, 62, 155; cf.:

solem lunamque praecipua siderum,

Quint. 2, 16, 6; and:

in sole sidera ipsa desinunt cerni,

id. 8, 5, 29:

siderum regina bicornis Luna,

Hor. C. S. 35:

Arcturi sidera,

Verg. G. 1, 204:

solis, i. e. sol,

Ov. M. 14, 172:

sidera, quae vocantur errantia,

Cic. Div. 2, 42, 89; so,

errantia,

Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 32:

siderum motus,

Cic. Rep. 3, 2, 3; id. Lael. 23, 88:

sidera viderit innumerabilia,

id. Tusc. 5, 24, 69; id. Fin. 2, 31, 102; id. N. D. 2, 15, 39 et saep.; * Caes. B. G. 6, 14 fin.; Quint. 1, 4, 4; 2, 17, 38; 12, 11, 10 al.; Lucr. 1, 231; 1, 788; 1, 1065:

candida,

id. 5, 1210:

alta,

Verg. A. 3, 619:

surgentia,

id. ib. 6, 850:

radiantia,

Ov. M. 7, 325:

turbata,

Stat. Th. 12, 406 al.:

lucida,

Hor. C. 1, 3, 2; 3, 1, 32; id. Epod. 3, 15; 5, 45; 17, 5.—

Sing., a heavenly body, a star; and collect., a group of stars, a constellation:

clarum Tyndaridae sidus,

Hor. C. 4, 8, 31:

fervidum,

Sirius, id. Epod. 1, 27;

nivosum sidus Pleiadum,

Stat. S. 1, 1, 95:

insana Caprae sidera,

Hor. C. 3, 7, 6:

Baccho placuisse coronam, Ex Ariadnaeo sidere nosse potes,

Ov. F. 5, 346;

so of the constellation Arcturus,

Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 311 (for which, in the plur.:

Arcturi sidera,

Verg. G. 1, 204); of Capella, Ov. M. 3, 594; of the Vergiliae, Liv. 21, 35, 6; Curt. 5, 6, 12; of Saturn, Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 32 sq.; Juv. 6, 569; of Venus, Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 36; Luc. 1, 661; of the Moon:

sidus lunae,

Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 41; of the Sun:

calidi sideris aestu,

Tib. 2, 1, 47:

aetherium,

Ov. M. 1, 424; Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 212:

solstitiale,

Just. 13, 7 fin.; cf.: sidus utrumque, for the rising and setting sun, Petr. poët. 119, 2; and also for the sun and moon, Plin. 2, 13, 10, §§ 56 and 57.— Poet., collect.:

nec sidus fefellit,

i. e. through ignorance, Verg. A. 7, 215.—

Transf. (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

The sky, the heavens, = caelum. (Juppiter) terram, mare, sidera movit, Ov. M. 1, 180: (Hercules) flammis ad sidera missus, Juv.11,63; cf.:

abrupto sidere nimbus It,

Verg. A. 12, 451:

sidera observare,

Curt. 7, 4, 28.—

Like caelum, to denote a very great height:

Pyramidum sumptus ad sidera ducti,

Prop. 3, 2 (4, 1), 17:

evertunt actas ad sidera pinus,

Verg. A. 11, 136; cf. Juv. 11, 63:

ad sidera Erigitur,

Verg. A. 9, 239:

aves, quas naturalis levitas ageret ad sidera,

Curt. 4, 5, 3:

domus quae vertice sidera pulsat,

Mart. 8, 36, 11; 9, 62, 10; Verg. G. 2, 427; id. A. 3, 243; id. E. 5, 62 al.—

Trop. (also like caelum), as the summit or height of fame, fortune, success, etc.:

quodsi me lyricis vatibus inseris, Sublimi feriam sidera vertice,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 36:

vertice sidera tangere,

Ov. M. 7, 61; cf.:

tuum nomen... Cantantes sublime ferent ad sidera cygni,

Verg. E. 9, 29:

usque ad sidera notus,

id. ib. 5, 43: contingere sidera plantis, to walk upon the stars (like the gods) (of one exceedingly fortunate), Prop. 1, 8, 43 (1, 8 b, 17); cf.:

celerique fugā sub sidera lapsae,

Verg. A. 3, 243.—

For night:

exactis sideribus,

Prop. 1, 3, 38:

sidera producere ludo,

Stat. Th. 8, 219; cf.:

sideribus dubiis,

at dawn, Juv. 5, 22.—

A star, as a comparison for any thing bright, brilliant, shining, beautiful, etc. (syn.:

stella, astrum): oculi, geminae, sidera nostra, faces,

Prop. 2, 3, 14;

so of the eyes,

Ov. Am. 2, 16, 44; 3, 3, 9; id. M. 1, 499:

sidere pulchrior Ille,

Hor. C. 3, 9, 21; cf. id. ib. 1, 12, 47;

of form, beauty,

Stat. S. 3, 4, 26; Val. Fl. 5, 468.—

Concr., ornament, pride, glory:

o sidus Fabiae, Maxime, gentis ades,

Ov. P. 3, 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 6, 9;

Col. poët, 10, 96: puerum egregiae praeclarum sidere formae,

Stat. S. 3, 4, 26:

Macedoniae columen ac sidus,

Curt. 9, 6, 8.—As a term of endearment, my star, Suet. Calig. 13 fin.; Hor. Epod. 17, 41.—

Season of the year:

quo sidere terram Vertere Conveniat,

Verg. G. 1, 1; cf.:

hiberno moliris sidere classem?

id. A. 4, 309:

sidere aequinoctii quo maxime tumescit Oceanus,

Tac. A. 1, 70; cf.:

brumale sidus,

Ov. P. 2, 4, 25:

sidere flagrante brumali,

Amm. 27, 12, 12.—

Climate, weather, etc.:

ut patrios fontes patriumque sidus ferre consuevisti,

Plin. Pan. 15, 3; so,

sub nostro sidere,

Juv. 12, 103:

tot inhospita saxa Sideraque emensae,

i.e. regions, Verg. A. 5, 628:

grave sidus et imbrem vitare,

tempest, storm, Ov. M. 5, 281:

triste Minervae (raised by Minerva),

Verg. A. 11, 260.—Colloquially, with confectus: intellegitur sidus confectum, i. e. that the weather ( occasioned by a constellation) is ended, Plin. 16, 23, 36, § 87; 18, 25, 57, § 207:

fertur in abruptum casu, non sidere, puppis,

Claud. in Eutr. 2, 424.—

With allusion to the influence which the ancients believed the constellations to have upon the health or the destiny of men, star, destiny, etc.:

pestifero sidere icti,

Liv. 8, 9, 12: sidere afflari, to be blasted or palsied by a constellation, to be planet-struck or sunstruck, astroboleisthai, Plin. 2, 41, 41, § 108; Petr. 2, 7; cf.:

sidere percussa lingua,

Mart. 11, 85, 1:

subito fias ut sidere mutus,

id. 7, 92, 9;

v. sideror and sideratio: sidera natalicia,

Cic. Div. 2, 43, 91; cf.:

o sidere dextro Edite,

Stat. S. 3, 4, 63:

adveniet fausto cum sidere conjux,

Cat. 64, 330:

vivere duro sidere,

Prop. 1, 6, 36:

grave sidus,

Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 45 Jahn:

per alias civitates ut sidus salutare susciperetur,

as arbiter of their destiny, Amm. 21, 10, 2.