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1 πάτος
bottomΕλληνικά-Αγγλικά νέο λεξικό (Greek-English new dictionary) > πάτος
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2 πυθμήν
πυθμήν, - ένοςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `bottom of a vessel, the sea etc., ground, base, underlay, foot, e.g. of a cup, plant, i.e. root-end, stick, stem' (ep. Il., hell. a. late prose), `the lowest number (base) of an arithmetic series' (Pl. a.o.).Compounds: Tately as 2. member e.g. ἀ-πύθμεν-ος `bottomless, footless' (Thphr.; Sommer Nominalkomp. 99); besides (gramm.) withou them. vowel ἀ-πύθμην `id.' (Theognost.) a.o.Derivatives: Dimin. πυθμέν-ιον n. (pap.), - ικός `belonging to the base', - έω `to form a base' (late).Etymology: Formation like λιμήν, ποιμήν (Schwyzer 522, Chantraine Form. 174; not productive). Except for the suffix πυθ-μήν agrees with Skt. budh-ná- m. `bottom, ground, foot, root', IE * bhudh-. Also morphologically these words can be brought together, if one derived budh-na- from * bhudh-mn-o- (the m was soon lost). In Germ. * bhudh- became PGm. * bud- (seen in OE bodan, MLG bōdem(e) etc.); then, after mn \> n, * bud-n- became * butt- \> bot(t)- according to Kluge's law (seen in OE botem \> Engl. bottom), ONord. botn); we also find evidence for PGm. * buÞ- (OHG bodam, OS bothme, ME bothme) which is as yet unexplained; see now G. Kroonen, ABäG 61(2006)xxx-xxx. Further removed is Lat. fundus `bottom etc.', with which MIr. bond, bonn `sole, basis' can be identical (IE * bhund(h)o-). The inner nasal is prob. connected with the nasalsuffix in * bhudh-no- and can be due to old metathesis, as corresponding forms appear also on Indo-Iran. territory, e.g. Av. bū̆na m. `ground, bottom' (from * bundna-?), Prākr. bundha- m. `bottom of a vase'; s. Mayrhofer s. budhnáḥ w. lit.; cf. also πύνδαξ (s.v.). -- Hypotheses in Bq and Ernout-Meillet s. fundus (after Vendryes MSL 18, 305 ff.); further rich lit. in W.-Hofmann s. fundus (WP. 2, 190, Pok. 174). On the meaning in gen. Kretschmer Glotta 22, 115ff. (against Porzig WuS 15, 112 f.); for Greek esp. Furumark Eranos 44, 45 ff. Though some details remain difficult, the reconstruction can hardly be doubted.Page in Frisk: 2,620-621Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πυθμήν
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3 εμβύθιον
ἐμβύθιοςat the bottom: masc acc sgἐμβύθιοςat the bottom: neut nom /voc /acc sgἐμβύθιοςat the bottom: masc /fem acc sgἐμβύθιοςat the bottom: neut nom /voc /acc sg -
4 ἐμβύθιον
ἐμβύθιοςat the bottom: masc acc sgἐμβύθιοςat the bottom: neut nom /voc /acc sgἐμβύθιοςat the bottom: masc /fem acc sgἐμβύθιοςat the bottom: neut nom /voc /acc sg -
5 ἔδαφος
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `ground, bottom' (ε 249; s. Richel Worte für Erde 212ff.), also `text' (Gal.) as opposed to the commentary.Compounds: ἐδαφο-ποιέω `equalize the bottom' (J.). -Derivatives: Late: ἐδάφιον `text' (Arist.); ἐδαφικός `belonging to the bottom' (pap.), ἐδαφιαῖος `id.' (sch., Tz.), ἐδαφίτης (Tz.; s. Redard Les noms grecs en - της 112). - Denomin. verbs: ἐδαφίζω `equalize, give a bottom' (Arist., hell.); ἐδαφόω in ἠδάφωται κατῴκισται H.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: For the nouns in -( α)φος (Chantr. Form. 262ff., Schwyzer 495). To ἕδος?. Acc. to WP. 1, 254 (with Curtius 241, J. Schmidt Pluralbild. 341) hoeever to οὖδας, s. d.Page in Frisk: 1,441-442Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔδαφος
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6 εδάφει
ἔδαφοςbottom: neut nom /voc /acc dual (attic epic)ἐδάφεϊ, ἔδαφοςbottom: neut dat sg (epic ionic)ἔδαφοςbottom: neut dat sg -
7 ἐδάφει
ἔδαφοςbottom: neut nom /voc /acc dual (attic epic)ἐδάφεϊ, ἔδαφοςbottom: neut dat sg (epic ionic)ἔδαφοςbottom: neut dat sg -
8 πυθμέν'
πυθμένα, πυθμήνbottom: masc acc sgπυθμένι, πυθμήνbottom: masc dat sgπυθμένε, πυθμήνbottom: masc nom /voc /acc dual -
9 πυκνοτέρα
πυκνοτέρᾱ, πυκνόςclose: fem nom /voc /acc comp dualπυκνοτέρᾱ, πυκνόςclose: fem nom /voc comp sg (attic doric aeolic)πυκνοτέρᾱ, πυκνοςwith pointed bottom: fem nom /voc /acc comp dualπυκνοτέρᾱ, πυκνοςwith pointed bottom: fem nom /voc comp sg (attic doric aeolic)——————πυκνοτέρᾱͅ, πυκνόςclose: fem dat comp sg (attic doric aeolic)πυκνοτέρᾱͅ, πυκνοςwith pointed bottom: fem dat comp sg (attic doric aeolic) -
10 πυκνότερον
πυκνόςclose: adverbial compπυκνόςclose: masc acc comp sgπυκνόςclose: neut nom /voc /acc comp sgπυκνοςwith pointed bottom: adverbial compπυκνοςwith pointed bottom: masc acc comp sgπυκνοςwith pointed bottom: neut nom /voc /acc comp sg -
11 πύνδακ'
πύνδακα, πύνδαξbottom: masc acc sgπύνδακι, πύνδαξbottom: masc dat sgπύνδακε, πύνδαξbottom: masc nom /voc /acc dual -
12 υποστήματ'
ὑποστήματα, ὑπόστημαthat which sinks to the bottom: neut nom /voc /acc plὑποστήματι, ὑπόστημαthat which sinks to the bottom: neut dat sgὑποστήματε, ὑπόστημαthat which sinks to the bottom: neut nom /voc /acc dual -
13 ὑποστήματ'
ὑποστήματα, ὑπόστημαthat which sinks to the bottom: neut nom /voc /acc plὑποστήματι, ὑπόστημαthat which sinks to the bottom: neut dat sgὑποστήματε, ὑπόστημαthat which sinks to the bottom: neut nom /voc /acc dual -
14 πυθμήν
A bottom, of a cup or jar,δειλὴ δ' ἐνὶ πυθμένι φειδώ Hes.Op. 369
(so prov.ἐν τῷ πυθμένι τοῦ πίθου Lib.Ep.127.2
);τὼ δὲ πίθω πατάγεσκ' ὀ πύθμην Alc.Supp.25.9
, cf. Arist.Pr. 936a32, Sor.1.91; distd. from πύνδαξ, Arist.Pr. 938a14;φιάλη.. ἡ ἐπὶ τὸν π. καὶ τὸ στόμα τιθεμένη Asclep.Myrl.
ap. Ath.11.501d, cf. Apollod. ib. a; this sense is doubtful in Il.11.635 (cf. infr. 4 and Ath.11.488f), and in IG12.282.111, 11(2).161 B 120, 287 B 89,131,143 (Delos, iii B.C.);ἐν τῷ π. ἐπιγραφὴν ἔχουσα Inscr.Délos 313a102
, cf. 320 B 45, al. (iii B.C.).2 generally, base, foundation, (anap.); π. γαίης, πέτρης, Orph.A.92, L. 162; foot of a mountain, Arat.989.3 of the sea, bottom, depth, π. θαλάσσης, πόντου, λίμνης, Hes.Th. 932, Sol.13.20, Thgn.1035;τοῦ πελάγους Pl.Phd. 109c
, cf. 112b; also Ταρτάρου, abyss, Pi.Fr. 207.4 support under a cup's handle,δύω δ' ὑπὸ πυθμένες ἦσαν Il.11.635
(cf. supr. 1); legs of a tripod, 18.375.5 pl., sockets, .6 in Anatomy, fundus of univalves, Arist.HA 529a6, PA 680a23; lower parts of the testes, Ruf.Onom. 105 (but, upper part of the uterus, Sor.1.7, Gal.2.889); also γενειάδος π. A.Fr.27; distal end of a quince, Aët.1.111.7 metaph., Δίκας ἐρείδεται π. the base of Justice is firmly set, A.Ch. 646 (lyr.);π. κακῶν Orph.A. 893
; πυθμένες λόγων fundamental principles, Protag. ap. D.L.9.54;Ζεὺς π. γαίης τε καὶ οὐρανοῦ Orph.Fr.168.4
.II stock, root of a tree,παρὰ πυθμέν' ἐλαίης Od.13.122
, 372, cf. 23.204;ἐν π. φηγοῦ Hes.Fr.134.8
; π. δρυός Ion Trag.28;ὁ π. τῆς ῥίζης Dsc. 4.104
, cf. 3.126; σεύτλου πυθμένες beet- roots, BGU1118.17 (i B.C.); ἁλικακκάβων π. ib. 1120.37 (i B.C.);ἀμπέλου Str.2.1.14
, cf. PPetr.1p.78 (iii B.C.); ἐπὶ τοῦ αὐτοῦ π. Thphr.HP2.2.9, cf. CP3.13.3: metaph.,ἐκ νεάτου π. ἐς κορυφήν Sol.13.10
.2 stem, stalk, πυροῦ, κριθῶν, Arist.GA 728b36, D.S.1.14;σύκων Poll.2.170
;τυτθὸν.. ἐν χθονὶ πυθμένα τείνει Nic.Th. 639
.b metaph., stem, stock of a family, A.Ch. 260, Supp. 106 (lyr.); σμικροῦ γένοιτ' ἂν σπέρματος μέγας π., i.e. great things might come from small, Id.Ch. 204;πυθμένες θάλλουσιν ἐσθλῶν B.5.198
; π. δικῶν, of a litigious person, Com.Adesp. 896.III in Arithmetic, base of a series, i.e. lowest number possessing a given property, π. ὁ δέκα (of the numbers such that the previous integers contain an equal number of primes and non-primes) Speus. ap. Theol.Ar.62; ἐπίτριτος π. the first couple of numbers giving the ratio 4:3, Pl.R. 546c, cf. Nicom.Ar.1.21, 2.19. [[pron. full] ῠ in A. ll. cc.; [pron. full] ῡ by position in [dialect] Ep., etc.] (Cf. Skt. budhnás 'bottom, base', Lat. fundus, OE. botm.) -
15 πύνδαξ
A bottom of a jar, cup, or other vessel, τὸν πύνδακα εἰσκρούειν knock in the bottom so as to make the cup hold less, a trick of wine-sellers, Pherecr.105; μέτρῳ τὸν πύνδακα εἰσκεκρουμένῳ μετρεῖν prob. in Thphr.Char.30.11 ( ἐκκεκρ- codd., and soἐκκρουσαμένους τοὺς π. Ar.Fr. 270
codd. Poll.), cf. Arist.Pr. 938a13; bottom of a ship, Mim.Oxy.413.103.II = λαβή, sword-hilt, S.Fr. 311. -
16 εὐνή
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `layer' (of animals and soldiers), `bed, matrimonial bed', metaph. `marriage' and `tomb', as nautical expression in plur. `anchor-stones' (Il.).Compounds: As 1. member in εὐνοῦχος m. "protector of the bed", `chamberlain, eunuch' (Ion.-Att.; on the meaning E. Maaß, RhM 74, 432ff.) with εὐνουχίζω, - ίας a. o. As 2. member a. o. in χαμαι-εύνης (on the formation Schwyzer 451), f. - ευνάς `with its layer on the bottom, lying on the naked bottom' (Hom.); also χαμ-ευνάς `id.' (Lyc.), as determinative `layer on the bottom' (Nil. Th. 23); in this meaning further χαμ-εύνη, -α (Trag.) with χαμεύνιον (Pl.), - ευνίς (Theoc.), - ευνία (Ph., Philostr.).Derivatives: εὐναῖος `belonging to the εὐνη' (trag.), εὔνια pl. = εὐνή (App.), εὐνέτης `layer-companion, wife' (E.), - έτις f. (Hp., A. R.), εὐνάτας `id.' (E. Med. 159, conj.), εὖνις f. (S., E.). Two denomin. εὐνάομαι, εὐνηθῆναι, - άω `lay down, go to bed, sleep' resp. `bring to rest' (Il.) with εὐνήματα pl. `marriage' (E. Ion 304; cf. Chantraine Formation 184ff.), εὐνήτωρ, -ά̄τωρ, - ητήρ, -ᾱτήρ = εὐνέτης (trag.), f. εὐνήτειρα, - άτειρα, - ήτρια (trag.), εὑνατήριον `sleeping-room' (A.). εὐνάζομαι, εὐνασθῆναι, εὐνάζω `id.' with τὰ εὐνάσιμα `sleeping-places' (X. Kyn. 8, 4; after ἱππάσιμος a. o., cf. Arbenz Die Adj. auf - ιμος 48), εὐναστήρ = εὐνέτης (Lyc.), εὐνάστειρα λίθος (Opp.), εὐναστήριον = εὐνατήριον (S., E.). Details of the tragedians in Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 17, Björck, Alpha impurum 139f.; also Chantraine REGr. 59-60, 227f.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Unexplained. Von Strachan in Fick 2, 48, Lidén IF 19, 320f. compare OIr. (h) uam `hole' and Av. unā f. `hole, slit (in the earth)'; further s. Bq s. v., W.-Hofmann s. exuō and 1. venus. Also Arm. unim `have, own' remains far (rather with Meillet MSL 23, 276 to Hitt. epmi `take, seize', Lat. apīscor etc.).Page in Frisk: 1,589Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > εὐνή
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17 απύθμενον
ἀπύθμενοςwithout bottom: masc /fem acc sgἀπύθμενοςwithout bottom: neut nom /voc /acc sg -
18 ἀπύθμενον
ἀπύθμενοςwithout bottom: masc /fem acc sgἀπύθμενοςwithout bottom: neut nom /voc /acc sg -
19 εδάφη
δάπτω—devour: aor ind pass 3rd sgἔδαφοςbottom: neut nom /voc /acc pl (attic epic doric)ἔδαφοςbottom: neut nom /voc /acc dual (doric aeolic) -
20 ἐδάφη
δάπτω—devour: aor ind pass 3rd sgἔδαφοςbottom: neut nom /voc /acc pl (attic epic doric)ἔδαφοςbottom: neut nom /voc /acc dual (doric aeolic)
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