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41 bonus

bonus adj. [old duonus], good; as comp. in use melior, ōris cf. μᾶλλον, better; as sup. optimus 2 AP-, OP-, best: vir bonus, morally good, perfect; rarely bonus vir: in virorum bonorum numero haberi, honest: quem voles virum bonum nominato, producam, respectable: bone accusator, honorable: socer eius vir multum bonus est: vir optimus, most worthy: optimus olim Vergilius, H.: iudex, just: imperator, skilful, S.: consul, L.: opifex, H.: pater familias, thrifty, N.: servus, faithful: vir, a good husband, L.: custos, T.: civis, a good citizen.—Of the gods: fata bonique divi, H.: pater optime (Iuppiter), O.: in templo Iovis Optimi Maximi: O di boni, gracious gods: o mihi, Manes, este boni, propitious, V.— Of things, good, of good quality, well-made, useful: scyphi optimi, most artistic: agrum Meliorem nemo habet, more fertile, T.: nummi, current: voltūs, good looks, O.: navigatio, prosperous: tempestas, fine weather: ova suci melioris, fine flavor, H.: aetas, the prime of life: melior sensus, keener: mentem vobis meliorem dari, more sense, T.: bonam deperdere famam, good name, H.: otium, valuable, S.: optimae fabulae: esse meliore condicione, better off: esse spe bonā: meliora responsa, more favorable, L.: amnis Doctus iter melius, less injurious, H.: meliore Tempore dicam, more opportune, H.: librorum Copia, ample, H.: meliorem militem id certamen fecit, L.: vobis eadem quae mihi bona malaque esse, S.: bona bello Cornus, useful, V.: pecori bonus alendo (mons) erat, L.: eloqui copiose melius est quam, etc.: optimum visum est captivos deportare, L.: constituerunt optimum esse domum reverti, Cs.: optumum factu credens exercitum augere, S.: hoc vero optimum, ut is nesciat, etc. — In particular phrases, with venia: bonā veniā, with (your) kind permission, by (your) leave: abs te hoc bonā veniā expeto, T.: oravit bonā veniā Quirites, ne, etc., L.—With pax: cum bonā pace, or bonā pace, without dispute: alteri populo cum bonā pace imperitare, by common consent, L.: omnia bonā pace obtinere, L.— With res: bonae res, comforts, luxury, prosperity: bonis rebus morte privari: omnibus optimis rebus usus est, N.: bonis Rebus agit laetum convivum, in luxury, H.: de bonis rebus in vitā, de malis, of moral good and evil. — With ars: bonae artes, honorable conduct, S.: artis bonae famam quaerere, an honorable achievement, S.: bonarum artium studia, liberal studies: optimarum artium studia, the highest cnlture.—With fides: bona fides or fides bona, good faith, sincerity, fairness: polliceor hoc vobis bonā fide: ego defendi fide optimā, in perfect sincerity: ad fidem bonam pertinere, notum esse, etc., equity: quidquid dare facere oportet ex fide bonā (in a judicial decree).—With pars: melior pars, the better party, party in the right: maior pars (senatūs) meliorem vicit, L.: gratia melioris partis, the optimates, L.: (fuit) meliorum partium, of the aristocracy: bona pars, a large part, good share: bonam magnamque partem ad te attulit, T.: sermonis: hominum, H.: melior pars acta diei, most, V.: in optimam partem accipere, most kindly: in optimam partem cognosci, most favorably. — With mores: boni mores, morality, an upright life: propter eius suavissimos et optimos mores: ex optimo more.—With animus, good spirits: bono animo es, cheer up, T.: hoc animo meliore ferre, more cheerfully, O.: bonum animum habere, L.: bono animo dicere, kindly: bono animo in populum R. videri, friendly, Cs. — With ius: iure optimo, with entire justice, deservedly: quod ei optimo iure contigit. — As subst., of persons, a good man: nec cuique bono mali quidquam evenire potest: Qui meliorem vocet in ius, a better man, H.: da locum melioribus, your betters, T.: apud bonos beneficium conlocare: Fortes creantur fortibus et bonis, H.— Plur, the better classes, aristocracy, rich: meam causam omnes boni susceperant: bonis invidere, S.: comitantibus omnibus bonis, N.: bonorum consuetudo, of gentlemen: boni, my good friends, H.: me consulit, ‘O bone,’ good friend, H.: ‘O bone, ne te Frustreris,’ my good fellow, H.: optimus quisque, every good man, all the good: sua consilia optimo cuique probare: dolor quem optimus quisque suscipit: optimo cuique pereundum erat, all eminent citizens: optimo et nobilissimo cuique oratio gratissima, the patricians: imperium semper ad optumum quemque transfertur, the best man in each case, S.: qui (aditus laudis) semper optimo cuique maxime patuit.—Of things: bonum, a good thing: summum bonum, the chief good, end of being: nihil boni nosti, nothing useful: gaude isto tam excellenti bono: maximum bonum in celeritate ponere, advantage, S.: gratiam bono publico quaerere, by a public service, L. — Prov.: cui bono? for whose advantage?—Plur.: tria genera bonorum, maxima animi: bona tolerare, prosperity, T.: bona mea deripere, my property.—With aequum, fairness, equity: neque bonum atque aequom scire, T.: alqd aequi bonique impetrare: istuc Aequi bonique facio, regard as fair, T.
* * *
I
bona -um, melior -or -us, optimus -a -um ADJ

good, honest, brave, noble, kind, pleasant, right, useful; valid; healthy
II
boni N M

good/moral/honest/brave man; man of honor, gentleman; better/rich people (pl.)

Latin-English dictionary > bonus
42 ūberius

ūberius adv. comp. with sup. ūberrimē [2 uber], more fruitfully, more fully, more copiously: Uberius nulli provenit ista seges, O.: flere uberius.— Fig., of style or composition, more copiously, more fully: haec cum uberius disputantur: locus tractatus uberrime.
* * *

uberrime ADV

in/with greater/est abundance/exuberance; more prolifically/fully/copiously

Latin-English dictionary > ūberius
43 ab

ăb, ā, abs, prep. with abl. This IndoEuropean particle (Sanscr. apa or ava, Etr. av, Gr. upo, Goth. af, Old Germ. aba, New Germ. ab, Engl. of, off) has in Latin the following forms: ap, af, ab (av), au-, a, a; aps, abs, as-. The existence of the oldest form, ap, is proved by the oldest and best MSS. analogous to the prep. apud, the Sanscr. api, and Gr. epi, and by the weakened form af, which, by the rule of historical grammar and the nature of the Latin letter f, can be derived only from ap, not from ab. The form af, weakened from ap, also very soon became obsolete. There are but five examples of it in inscriptions, at the end of the sixth and in the course of the seventh century B. C., viz.:
AF VOBEIS,
Inscr. Orell. 3114;
AF MVRO,
ib. 6601;
AF CAPVA,
ib. 3308;
AF SOLO,
ib. 589;
AF LYCO,
ib. 3036 ( afuolunt =avolant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 26 Mull., is only a conjecture). In the time of Cicero this form was regarded as archaic, and only here and there used in account-books; v. Cic. Or. 47, 158 (where the correct reading is af, not abs or ab), and cf. Ritschl, Monum. Epigr. p. 7 sq.—The second form of this preposition, changed from ap, was ab, which has become the principal form and the one most generally used through all periods—and indeed the only oue used before all vowels and h; here and there also before some consonants, particularly l, n, r, and s; rarely before c, j, d, t; and almost never before the labials p, b, f, v, or before m, such examples as ab Massiliensibus, Caes. B. C. 1, 35, being of the most rare occurrence.—By changing the b of ab through v into u, the form au originated, which was in use only in the two compounds aufero and aufugio for abfero, ab-fugio; aufuisse for afuisse, in Cod. Medic. of Tac. A. 12, 17, is altogether unusual. Finally, by dropping the b of ab, and lengthening the a, ab was changed into a, which form, together with ab, predominated through all periods of the Latin language, and took its place before all consonants in the later years of Cicero, and after him almoet exclusively.—By dropping the b without lengthening the a, ab occurs in the form a- in the two compounds a-bio and a-perio, q. v.—On the other hand, instead of reducing ap to a and a, a strengthened collateral form, aps, was made by adding to ap the letter s (also used in particles, as in ex, mox, vix). From the first, aps was used only before the letters c, q, t, and was very soon changed into abs (as ap into ab):
abs chorago,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 79 (159 Ritschl):
abs quivis,
Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 1:
abs terra,
Cato, R. R. 51;
and in compounds: aps-cessero,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 24 (625 R.); id. ib. 3, 2, 84 (710 R): abs-condo, abs-que, abs-tineo, etc. The use of abs was confined almost exclusively to the combination abs te during the whole ante-classic period, and with Cicero till about the year 700 A. U. C. (=B. C. 54). After that time Cicero evidently hesitates between abs te and a te, but during the last five or six years of his life a te became predominant in all his writings, even in his letters; consequently abs te appears but rarely in later authors, as in Liv. 10, 19, 8; 26, 15, 12;
and who, perhaps, also used abs conscendentibus,
id. 28, 37, 2; v. Drakenb. ad. h. l. (Weissenb. ab).—Finally abs, in consequence of the following p, lost its b, and became ds- in the three compounds aspello, as-porto, and as-pernor (for asspernor); v. these words.—The late Lat. verb abbrevio may stand for adbrevio, the d of ad being assimilated to the following b.The fundamental signification of ab is departure from some fixed point (opp. to ad. which denotes motion to a point).
I.
In space, and,
II.
Fig., in time and other relations, in which the idea of departure from some point, as from source and origin, is included; Engl. from, away from, out of; down from; since, after; by, at, in, on, etc.
I.
Lit., in space: ab classe ad urbem tendunt, Att. ap. Non. 495, 22 (Trag. Rel. p. 177 Rib.):
Caesar maturat ab urbe proficisci,
Caes. B. G. 1, 7:
fuga ab urbe turpissima,
Cic. Att. 7, 21:
ducite ab urbe domum, ducite Daphnim,
Verg. E. 8, 68. Cicero himself gives the difference between ab and ex thus: si qui mihi praesto fuerit cum armatis hominibus extra meum fundum et me introire prohibuerit, non ex eo, sed ab ( from, away from) eo loco me dejecerit....Unde dejecti Galli? A Capitolio. Unde, qui cum Graccho fucrunt? Ex Capitolio, etc., Cic. Caecin. 30, 87; cf. Diom. p. 408 P., and a similar distinction between ad and in under ad.—Ellipt.: Diogenes Alexandro roganti, ut diceret, si quid opus esset: Nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, a little out of the sun, Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 92. —Often joined with usque:
illam (mulierem) usque a mari supero Romam proficisci,
all the way from, Cic. Clu. 68, 192; v. usque, I.—And with ad, to denote the space passed over: siderum genus ab ortu ad occasum commeant, from... to, Cic. N. D. 2, 19 init.; cf. ab... in:
venti a laevo latere in dextrum, ut sol, ambiunt,
Plin. 2, 47, 48, § 128.
b.
Sometimes with names of cities and small islands, or with domus (instead of the usual abl.), partie., in militnry and nautieal language, to denote the marching of soldiers, the setting out of a flcet, or the departure of the inhabitants from some place:
oppidum ab Aenea fugiente a Troja conditum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 33:
quemadmodum (Caesar) a Gergovia discederet,
Caes. B. G. 7, 43 fin.; so id. ib. 7, 80 fin.; Sall. J. 61; 82; 91; Liv. 2, 33, 6 al.; cf.:
ab Arimino M. Antonium cum cohortibus quinque Arretium mittit,
Caes. B. C. 1, 11 fin.; and:
protinus a Corfinio in Siciliam miserat,
id. ib. 1, 25, 2:
profecti a domo,
Liv. 40, 33, 2;
of setting sail: cum exercitus vestri numquam a Brundisio nisi hieme summa transmiserint,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 32; so id. Fam. 15, 3, 2; Caes. B. C. 3, 23; 3, 24 fin.:
classe qua advecti ab domo fuerant,
Liv. 8, 22, 6;
of citizens: interim ab Roma legatos venisse nuntiatum est,
Liv. 21, 9, 3; cf.:
legati ab Orico ad M. Valerium praetorem venerunt,
id. 24, 40, 2.
c.
Sometimes with names of persons or with pronouns: pestem abige a me, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 89 (Trag. v. 50 Vahl.):
Quasi ad adulescentem a patre ex Seleucia veniat,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 41; cf.:
libertus a Fuflis cum litteris ad Hermippum venit,
Cic. Fl. 20, 47:
Nigidium a Domitio Capuam venisse,
id. Att. 7, 24:
cum a vobis discessero,
id. Sen. 22:
multa merces tibi defluat ab Jove Neptunoque,
Hor. C. 1, 28, 29 al. So often of a person instead of his house, lodging, etc.: videat forte hic te a patre aliquis exiens, from the father, i. e. from his house, Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 6:
so a fratre,
id. Phorm. 5, 1, 5:
a Pontio,
Cic. Att. 5, 3 fin.:
ab ea,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 21; and so often: a me, a nobis, a se, etc., from my, our, his house, etc., Plaut. Stich. 5, 1, 7; Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 50; Cic. Att. 4, 9, 1 al.
B.
Transf., without the idea of motion. To designate separation or distance, with the verbs abesse, distare, etc., and with the particles longe, procul, prope, etc.
1.
Of separation:
ego te afuisse tam diu a nobis dolui,
Cic. Fam. 2, 1, 2:
abesse a domo paulisper maluit,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 39:
tum Brutus ab Roma aberat,
Sall. C. 40, 5:
absint lacerti ab stabulis,
Verg. G. 4, 14.—
2.
Of distance:
quot milia fundus suus abesset ab urbe,
Cic. Caecin. 10, 28; cf.:
nos in castra properabamus, quae aberant bidui,
id. Att. 5, 16 fin.; and:
hic locus aequo fere spatio ab castris Ariovisti et Caesaris aberat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 43, 1:
terrae ab hujusce terrae, quam nos incolimus, continuatione distantes,
Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 164:
non amplius pedum milibus duobus ab castris castra distabant,
Caes. B. C. 1, 82, 3; cf. id. lb. 1, 3, 103.—With adverbs: annos multos longinque ab domo bellum gerentes, Enn. ap. Non. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 103 Vahl.):
cum domus patris a foro longe abesset,
Cic. Cael. 7, 18 fin.; cf.:
qui fontes a quibusdam praesidiis aberant longius,
Caes. B. C. 3, 49, 5:
quae procul erant a conspectu imperii,
Cic. Agr. 2, 32, 87; cf.:
procul a castris hostes in collibus constiterunt,
Caes. B. G. 5, 17, 1; and:
tu procul a patria Alpinas nives vides,
Verg. E. 10, 46 (procul often also with simple abl.;
v. procul): cum esset in Italia bellum tam prope a Sicilia, tamen in Sicilia non fuit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 6; cf.:
tu apud socrum tuam prope a meis aedibus sedebas,
id. Pis. 11, 26; and:
tam prope ab domo detineri,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 3, § 6.—So in Caesar and Livy, with numerals to designate the measure of the distance:
onerariae naves, quae ex eo loco ab milibus passuum octo vento tenebatur,
eight miles distant, Caes. B. G. 4, 22, 4; and without mentioning the terminus a quo: ad castra contenderunt, et ab milibus passunm minus duobus castra posuerunt, less than two miles off or distant, id. ib. 2, 7, 3; so id. ib. 2, 5, 32; 6, 7, 3; id. B. C. 1, 65; Liv. 38, 20, 2 (for which:
duo milia fere et quingentos passus ab hoste posuerunt castra,
id. 37, 38, 5). —
3.
To denote the side or direction from which an object is viewed in its local relations,=a parte, at, on, in: utrum hacin feriam an ab laeva latus? Enn. ap. Plaut. Cist. 3, 10 (Trag. v. 38 Vahl.); cf.:
picus et cornix ab laeva, corvos, parra ab dextera consuadent,
Plaut. As. 2, 1, 12: clamore ab ea parte audito. on this side, Caes. B. G. 3, 26, 4: Gallia Celtica attingit ab Sequanis et Helvetiis flumen Rhenum, on the side of the Sequani, i. e. their country, id. ib. 1, 1, 5:
pleraque Alpium ab Italia sicut breviora ita arrectiora sunt,
on the Italian side, Liv. 21, 35, 11:
non eadem diligentia ab decumuna porta castra munita,
at the main entrance, Caes. B. G. 3, 25 fin.:
erat a septentrionibus collis,
on the north, id. ib. 7, 83, 2; so, ab oriente, a meridie, ab occasu; a fronte, a latere, a tergo, etc. (v. these words).
II.
Fig.
A.
In time.
1.
From a [p. 3] point of time, without reference to the period subsequently elapsed. After:
Exul ab octava Marius bibit,
Juv. 1,40:
mulieres jam ab re divin[adot ] adparebunt domi,
immediately after the sucrifice, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 4:
Caesar ab decimae legionis cohortatione ad dextrum cornu profectus,
Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:
ab hac contione legati missi sunt,
immediately after, Liv. 24, 22, 6; cf. id. 28, 33, 1; 40, 47, 8; 40, 49, 1 al.:
ab eo magistratu,
after this office, Sall. J. 63, 5:
a summa spe novissima exspectabat,
after the greatest hope, Tac. A. 6, 50 fin. —Strengthened by the adverbs primum, confestim, statim, protinus, or the adj. recens, immediately after, soon after:
ut primum a tuo digressu Romam veni,
Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4; so Suet. Tib. 68:
confestim a proelio expugnatis hostium castris,
Liv. 30, 36, 1:
statim a funere,
Suet. Caes. 85;
and followed by statim: ab itinere statim,
id. ib. 60:
protinus ab adoptione,
Vell. 2, 104, 3:
Homerus qui recens ab illorum actate fuit,
soon after their time, Cic. N. D. 3, 5; so Varr. R. R. 2, 8, 2; Verg. A. 6, 450 al. (v. also primum, confestim, etc.).—
Sometimes with the name of a person or place, instead of an action: ibi mihi tuae litterae binae redditae sunt tertio abs te die,
i. e. after their departure from you, Cic. Att. 5, 3, 1: in Italiam perventum est quinto mense a Carthagine Nov[adot ], i. e. after leaving (=postquam a Carthagine profecti sunt), Liv. 21, 38, 1:
secundo Punico (bello) Scipionis classis XL. die a securi navigavit,
i. e. after its having been built, Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192. —Hence the poct. expression: ab his, after this (cf. ek toutôn), i. e. after these words, hereupon, Ov. M. 3, 273; 4, 329; 8, 612; 9, 764.
2.
With reference to a subsequent period. From, since, after:
ab hora tertia bibebatur,
from the third hour, Cic. Phil. 2, 41:
infinito ex tempore, non ut antea, ab Sulla et Pompeio consulibus,
since the consulship of, id. Agr. 2, 21, 56:
vixit ab omni aeternitate,
from all eternity, id. Div. 1, 51, 115:
cum quo a condiscipulatu vivebat conjunctissime,
Nep. Att. 5, 3:
in Lycia semper a terrae motu XL. dies serenos esse,
after an earthquake, Plin. 2, 96, 98, § 211 al.:
centesima lux est haec ab interitu P. Clodii,
since the death of, Cic. Mil. 35, 98; cf.:
cujus a morte quintus hic et tricesimus annus est,
id. Sen. 6, 19; and:
ab incenso Capitolio illum esse vigesumiun annum,
since, Sall. C. 47, 2:
diebus triginta, a qua die materia caesa est,
Caes. B. C. 1, 36.—Sometimes joined with usque and inde:
quod augures omnes usque ab Romulo decreverunt,
since the time of, Cic. Vat. 8, 20:
jam inde ab infelici pugna ceciderant animi,
from the very beginning of, Liv. 2, 65 fin. —Hence the adverbial expressions ab initio, a principio, a primo, at, in, or from the beginning, at first; v. initium, principium, primus. Likewise ab integro, anew, afresh; v. integer.—Ab... ad, from (a time)... to:
ab hora octava ad vesperum secreto collocuti sumus,
Cic. Att. 7, 8, 4; cf.:
cum ab hora septima ad vesperum pugnatum sit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 26, 2; and:
a quo tempore ad vos consules anni sunt septingenti octoginta unus,
Vell. 1, 8, 4; and so in Plautus strengthened by usque:
pugnata pugnast usque a mane ad vesperum,
from morning to evening, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 97; id. Most. 3, 1, 3; 3, 2, 80.—Rarely ab... in: Romani ab sole orto in multum diei stetere in acie, from... till late in the day, Liv. 27, 2, 9; so Col. 2, 10, 17; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 2, 103, 106, § 229; 4, 12, 26, § 89.
b.
Particularly with nouns denoting a time of life:
qui homo cum animo inde ab ineunte aetate depugnat suo,
from an early age, from early youth, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 24; so Cic. Off. 2, 13, 44 al.:
mihi magna cum co jam inde a pueritia fuit semper famillaritas,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 9; so,
a pueritia,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 27 fin.; id. Fam. 5, 8, 4:
jam inde ab adulescentia,
Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 16:
ab adulescentia,
Cic. Rep. 2, 1:
jam a prima adulescentia,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 23:
ab ineunte adulescentia,
id. ib. 13, 21, 1; cf.
followed by ad: usque ad hanc aetatem ab incunte adulescentia,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 20:
a primis temporibus aetatis,
Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 3:
a teneris unguiculis,
from childhood, id. ib. 1, 6, 2:
usque a toga pura,
id. Att. 7, 8, 5:
jam inde ab incunabulis,
Liv. 4, 36, 5:
a prima lanugine,
Suet. Oth. 12:
viridi ab aevo,
Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 17 al.;
rarely of animals: ab infantia,
Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 182.—Instead of the nom. abstr. very often (like the Greek ek paioôn, etc.) with concrete substantives: a pucro, ab adulescente, a parvis, etc., from childhood, etc.:
qui olim a puero parvulo mihi paedagogus fuerat,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 90; so,
a pausillo puero,
id. Stich. 1, 3, 21:
a puero,
Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 115; id. Fam. 13, 16, 4 (twice) al.:
a pueris,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. de Or. 1, 1, 2 al.:
ab adulescente,
id. Quint. 3, 12:
ab infante,
Col. 1, 8, 2:
a parva virgine,
Cat. 66, 26 al. —Likewise and in the same sense with adject.: a parvo, from a little child, or childhood, Liv. 1, 39, 6 fin.; cf.:
a parvis,
Ter. And. 3, 3, 7; Cic. Leg. 2, 4, 9:
a parvulo,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 8; id. Ad. 1, 1, 23; cf.:
ab parvulis,
Caes. B. G. 6, 21, 3:
ab tenero,
Col. 5, 6, 20;
and rarely of animals: (vacca) a bima aut trima fructum ferre incipit,
Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 13.
B.
In other relations in which the idea of going forth, proceeding, from something is included.
1.
In gen. to denote departure, separation, deterring, avoiding, intermitting, etc., or distance, difference, etc., of inanimate or abstract things. From: jus atque aecum se a malis spernit procul, Enn. ap. Non. 399, 10 (Trag. v. 224 Vahl.):
suspitionem et culpam ut ab se segregent,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 42:
qui discessum animi a corpore putent esse mortem,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 18:
hic ab artificio suo non recessit,
id. ib. 1, 10, 20 al.:
quod si exquiratur usque ab stirpe auctoritas,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 180:
condicionem quam ab te peto,
id. ib. 2, 4, 87; cf.:
mercedem gloriae flagitas ab iis, quorum, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34:
si quid ab illo acceperis,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 90:
quae (i. e. antiquitas) quo propius aberat ab ortu et divina progenie,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:
ab defensione desistere,
Caes. B. C. 2, 12, 4:
ne quod tempus ab opere intermitteretur,
id. B. G. 7, 24, 2:
ut homines adulescentis a dicendi studio deterream,
Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 117, etc.—Of distance (in order, rank, mind, or feeling):
qui quartus ab Arcesila fuit,
the fourth in succession from, Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 46:
tu nunc eris alter ab illo,
next after him, Verg. E. 5, 49; cf.:
Aiax, heros ab Achille secundus,
next in rank to, Hor. S. 2, 3, 193:
quid hoc ab illo differt,
from, Cic. Caecin. 14, 39; cf.:
hominum vita tantum distat a victu et cultu bestiarum,
id. Off. 2, 4, 15; and:
discrepare ab aequitate sapientiam,
id. Rep. 3, 9 fin. (v. the verbs differo, disto, discrepo, dissideo, dissentio, etc.):
quae non aliena esse ducerem a dignitate,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7:
alieno a te animo fuit,
id. Deiot. 9, 24 (v. alienus). —So the expression ab re (qs. aside from the matter, profit; cf. the opposite, in rem), contrary to one's profit, to a loss, disadvantageous (so in the affirmative very rare and only ante-class.):
subdole ab re consulit,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 12; cf. id. Capt. 2, 2, 88; more frequently and class. (but not with Cicero) in the negative, non, haud, ab re, not without advantage or profit, not useless or unprofitable, adcantageous:
haut est ab re aucupis,
Plaut. As. 1, 3, 71:
non ab re esse Quinctii visum est,
Liv. 35, 32, 6; so Plin. 27, 8, 35; 31, 3, 26; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Dom. 11; Gell. 18, 14 fin.; App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 31, 22 al. (but in Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 44, ab re means with respect to the money matter).
2.
In partic.
a.
To denote an agent from whom an action proceeds, or by whom a thing is done or takes place. By, and in archaic and solemn style, of. So most frequently with pass. or intrans. verbs with pass. signif., when the active object is or is considered as a living being: Laudari me abs te, a laudato viro, Naev. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 31, 67: injuria abs te afficior, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38:
a patre deductus ad Scaevolam,
Cic. Lael. 1, 1:
ut tamquam a praesentibus coram haberi sermo videretur,
id. ib. 1, 3:
disputata ab eo,
id. ib. 1, 4 al.:
illa (i. e. numerorum ac vocum vis) maxime a Graecia vetere celebrata,
id. de Or. 3, 51, 197:
ita generati a natura sumus,
id. Off. 1, 29, 103; cf.:
pars mundi damnata a rerum natura,
Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 88:
niagna adhibita cura est a providentia deorum,
Cic. N. D. 2, 51 al. —With intrans. verbs:
quae (i. e. anima) calescit ab eo spiritu,
is warmed by this breath, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138; cf. Ov. M. 1, 417: (mare) qua a sole collucet, Cic. Ac. 2, 105:
salvebis a meo Cicerone,
i. e. young Cicero sends his compliments to you, id. Att. 6, 2 fin.:
a quibus (Atheniensibus) erat profectus,
i. e. by whose command, Nep. Milt. 2, 3:
ne vir ab hoste cadat,
Ov. H. 9, 36 al. —A substantive or adjective often takes the place of the verb (so with de, q. v.):
levior est plaga ab amico quam a debitore,
Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 7; cf.:
a bestiis ictus, morsus, impetus,
id. Off. 2, 6, 19:
si calor est a sole,
id. N. D. 2, 52:
ex iis a te verbis (for a te scriptis),
id. Att. 16, 7, 5:
metu poenae a Romanis,
Liv. 32, 23, 9:
bellum ingens a Volscis et Aequis,
id. 3, 22, 2:
ad exsolvendam fldem a consule,
id. 27, 5, 6.—With an adj.:
lassus ab equo indomito,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 10:
Murus ab ingenic notior ille tuo,
Prop. 5, 1, 126:
tempus a nostris triste malis,
time made sad by our misfortunes, Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 36.—Different from per:
vulgo occidebantur: per quos et a quibus?
by whom and upon whose orders? Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 80 (cf. id. ib. 34, 97: cujus consilio occisus sit, invenio; cujus manu sit percussus, non laboro); so,
ab hoc destitutus per Thrasybulum (i. e. Thrasybulo auctore),
Nep. Alc. 5, 4.—Ambiguity sometimes arises from the fact that the verb in the pass. would require ab if used in the active:
si postulatur a populo,
if the people demand it, Cic. Off. 2, 17, 58, might also mean, if it is required of the people; on the contrary: quod ab eo (Lucullo) laus imperatoria non admodum exspectabatur, not since he did not expect military renown, but since they did not expect military renown from him, Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 2, and so often; cf. Rudd. II. p. 213. (The use of the active dative, or dative of the agent, instead of ab with the pass., is well known, Zumpt, § 419. It is very seldom found in prose writers of the golden age of Roman liter.; with Cic. sometimes joined with the participles auditus, cognitus, constitutus, perspectus, provisus, susceptus; cf. Halm ad Cic. Imp. Pomp. 24, 71, and ad ejusdem, Cat. 1, 7 fin.; but freq. at a later period; e. g. in Pliny, in Books 2-4 of H. N., more than twenty times; and likewise in Tacitus seventeen times. Vid. the passages in Nipperd. ad Tac. A. 2, 49.) Far more unusual is the simple abl. in the designation of persons:
deseror conjuge,
Ov. H. 12, 161; so id. ib. 5, 75; id. M. 1, 747; Verg. A. 1, 274; Hor. C. 2, 4, 9; 1, 6, 2;
and in prose,
Quint. 3, 4, 2; Sen. Contr. 2, 1; Curt. 6, 7, 8; cf. Rudd. II. p. 212; Zumpt ad Quint. V. p. 122 Spalding.—Hence the adverbial phrase a se=uph heautou, sua sponte, of one's own uccord, spontaneously:
ipsum a se oritur et sua sponte nascitur,
Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 78:
(urna) ab se cantat quoja sit,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 21 (al. eapse; cf. id. Men. 1, 2, 66); so Col. 11, 1, 5; Liv. 44, 33, 6.
b.
With names of towns to denote origin, extraction, instead of gentile adjectives. From, of:
pastores a Pergamide,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 1:
Turnus ab Aricia,
Liv. 1, 50, 3 (for which Aricinus, id. 1, 51, 1):
obsides dant trecentos principum a Cora atque Pometia liberos,
Liv. 2, 22, 2; and poet.: O longa mundi servator ab Alba, Auguste, thou who art descended from the old Alban race of kings (=oriundus, or ortus regibus Albanis), Prop. 5, 6, 37.
c.
In giving the etymology of a name: eam rem (sc. legem, Gr. nomon) illi Graeco putant nomine a suum cuique tribuendo appellatam, ego nostro a legendo, Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 19: annum intervallum regni fuit: id ab re... interregnum appellatum, Liv. 1, 17, 6:
(sinus maris) ab nomine propinquae urbis Ambracius appellatus,
id. 38, 4, 3; and so Varro in his Ling. Lat., and Pliny, in Books 1-5 of H. N., on almost every page. (Cf. also the arts. ex and de.)
d.
With verbs of beginning and repeating: a summo bibere, in Plaut. to drink in succession from the one at the head of the table:
da, puere, ab summo,
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; so,
da ab Delphio cantharum circum, id Most. 1, 4, 33: ab eo nobis causa ordienda est potissimum,
Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 21:
coepere a fame mala,
Liv. 4, 12, 7:
cornicem a cauda de ovo exire,
tail-foremost, Plin. 10, 16, 18:
a capite repetis, quod quaerimus,
Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 18 al.
e.
With verbs of freeing from, defending, or protecting against any thing:
a foliis et stercore purgato,
Cato, R. R. 65 (66), 1:
tantumne ab re tuast oti tibi?
Ter. Heaut. 1, [p. 4] 1, 23; cf.:
Saguntini ut a proeliis quietem habuerant,
Liv. 21, 11, 5:
expiandum forum ab illis nefarii sceleris vestigiis,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 11:
haec provincia non modo a calamitate, sed etiam a metu calamitatis est defendenda,
id. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14 (v. defendo):
ab incendio urbem vigiliis munitam intellegebat,
Sall. C. 32:
ut neque sustinere se a lapsu possent,
Liv. 21, 35, 12:
ut meam domum metueret atque a me ipso caveret,
Cic. Sest. 64, 133.
f.
With verbs of expecting, fearing, hoping, and the like, ab =a parte, as, Cic. Att. 9, 7, 4: cum eadem metuam ab hac parte, since I fear the same from this side; hence, timere, metuere ab aliquo, not, to be afraid of any one, but, to fear something (proceeding from) from him:
el metul a Chryside,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 79; cf.:
ab Hannibale metuens,
Liv. 23, 36; and:
metus a praetore,
id. 23, 15, 7;
v. Weissenb. ad h. l.: a quo quidem genere, judices, ego numquam timui,
Cic. Sull. 20, 59:
postquam nec ab Romanis robis ulla est spes,
you can expect nothing from the Romans, Liv. 21, 13, 4.
g.
With verbs of fastening and holding:
funiculus a puppi religatus,
Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 154:
cum sinistra capillum ejus a vertice teneret,
Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 3.
h.
Ulcisci se ab aliquo, to take vengeance on one:
a ferro sanguis humanus se ulciscitur,
Plin. 34, 14, 41 fin.
i.
Cognoscere ab aliqua re to knoio or learn by means of something (different from ab aliquo, to learn from some one):
id se a Gallicis armis atque insignibus cognovisse,
Caes. B. G. 1, 22.
j.
Dolere, laborare, valere ab, instead of the simple abl.:
doleo ab animo, doleo ab oculis, doleo ab aegritudine,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 62:
a morbo valui, ab animo aeger fui,
id. Ep. 1, 2, 26; cf. id. Aul. 2, 2, 9:
a frigore et aestu ne quid laborent,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 17; so,
a frigore laborantibus,
Plin. 32, 10, 46, § 133; cf.:
laborare ab re frumentaria,
Caes. B. G. 7, 10, 1; id. B. C. 3, 9; v. laboro.
k.
Where verbs and adjectives are joined with ab, instead of the simple abl., ab defines more exactly the respect in which that which is expressed by the verb or adj. is to be understood, in relation to, with regard to, in respect to, on the part of:
ab ingenio improbus,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 59:
a me pudica'st,
id. Curc. 1, 1, 51:
orba ab optimatibus contio,
Cic. Fl. 23, 54; ro Ov. H. 6,156: securos vos ab hac parte reddemus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24 fin. (v. securus):
locus copiosus a frumento,
Cic. Att. 5, 18, 2; cf.:
sumus imparati cum a militibas tum a pecunia,
id. ib. 7, 15 fin.:
ille Graecus ab omni laude felicior,
id. Brut. 16, 63:
ab una parte haud satis prosperuin,
Liv. 1, 32, 2 al.;
so often in poets ab arte=arte,
artfully, Tib. 1, 5, 4; 1, 9, 66; Ov. Am. 2, 4, 30.
l.
In the statement of the motive instead of ex, propter, or the simple abl. causae, from, out of, on account of, in consequence of: ab singulari amore scribo, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B fin.:
linguam ab irrisu exserentem,
thrusting out the tongue in derision, Liv. 7, 10, 5:
ab honore,
id. 1, 8; so, ab ira, a spe, ab odio, v. Drak. ad Liv. 24, 30, 1: 26, 1, 3; cf. also Kritz and Fabri ad Sall. J. 31, 3, and Fabri ad Liv. 21, 36, 7.
m.
Especially in the poets instead of the gen.:
ab illo injuria,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 129:
fulgor ab auro,
Lucr. 2, 5:
dulces a fontibus undae,
Verg. G. 2, 243.
n.
In indicating a part of the whole, for the more usual ex, of, out of:
scuto ab novissimis uni militi detracto,
Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:
nonnuill ab novissimis,
id. ib.; Cic. Sest. 65, 137; cf. id. ib. 59 fin.: a quibus (captivis) ad Senatum missus (Regulus).
o.
In marking that from which any thing proceeds, and to which it belongs:
qui sunt ab ea disciplina,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 3, 7:
ab eo qui sunt,
id. Fin. 4, 3, 7:
nostri illi a Platone et Aristotele aiunt,
id. Mur. 30, 63 (in imitation of oi upo tinos).
p.
To designate an office or dignity (with or without servus; so not freq. till after the Aug. period;
in Cic. only once): Pollex, servus a pedibus meus,
one of my couriers, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1; so,
a manu servus,
a secretary, Suet. Caes. 74: Narcissum ab eplstulis ( secretary) et Pallantem a rationibus ( accountant), id. Claud. 28; and so, ab actis, ab admissione, ab aegris, ab apotheca, ab argento, a balneis, a bibliotheca, a codicillis, a jumentis, a potione, etc. (v. these words and Inscr. Orell. vol. 3, Ind. xi. p. 181 sq.).
q.
The use of ab before adverbs is for the most part peculiar to later Latinity:
a peregre,
Vitr. 5, 7 (6), 8:
a foris,
Plin. 17, 24, 37; Vulg. Gen, 7, 16; ib. Matt. 23, 27:
ab intus,
ib. ib. 7, 15:
ab invicem,
App. Herb. 112; Vulg. Matt. 25, 32; Cypr. Ep. 63, 9: Hier. Ep. 18:
a longe,
Hyg. Fab. 257; Vulg. Gen. 22, 4; ib. Matt. 26, 58:
a modo,
ib. ib. 23, 39;
Hier. Vit. Hilar.: a nune,
Vulg. Luc. 1, 48:
a sursum,
ib. Marc. 15, 38.
► a.
Ab is not repeated like most other prepositions (v. ad, ex, in, etc.) with pron. interrog. or relat. after subst. and pron. demonstr. with ab:
Arsinoen, Stratum, Naupactum...fateris ab hostibus esse captas. Quibus autem hostibus? Nempe iis, quos, etc.,
Cic. Pis. 37, 91:
a rebus gerendis senectus abstrahit. Quibus? An iis, quae in juventute geruntur et viribus?
id. Sen. 6:
a Jove incipiendum putat. Quo Jove?
id. Rep. 1, 36, 56:
res publica, quascumque vires habebit, ab iis ipsis, quibus tenetur, de te propediem impetrabit,
id. Fam. 4, 13, 5.—
b.
Ab in Plantus is once put after the word which it governs: quo ab, As. 1, 1, 106.—
c.
It is in various ways separated from the word which it governs:
a vitae periculo,
Cic. Brut. 91, 313:
a nullius umquam me tempore aut commodo,
id. Arch. 6, 12:
a minus bono,
Sall. C. 2, 6:
a satis miti principio,
Liv. 1, 6, 4:
damnis dives ab ipsa suis,
Ov. H. 9, 96; so id. ib. 12, 18; 13, 116.—
d.
The poets join a and que, making aque; but in good prose que is annexed to the following abl. (a meque, abs teque, etc.):
aque Chao,
Verg. G. 4, 347:
aque mero,
Ov. M. 3, 631:
aque viro,
id. H. 6, 156:
aque suis,
id. Tr. 5, 2, 74 al. But:
a meque,
Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 1:
abs teque,
id. Att. 3, 15, 4:
a teque,
id. ib. 8, 11, §
7: a primaque adulescentia,
id. Brut. 91, 315 al. —
e.
A Greek noun joined with ab stands in the dat.: a parte negotiati, hoc est pragmatikê, removisse, Quint. 3, 7, 1.
III.
In composition ab,
1.
Retains its original signif.: abducere, to take or carry away from some place: abstrahere, to draw auay; also, downward: abicere, to throw down; and denoting a departure from the idea of the simple word, it has an effect apparently privative: absimilis, departing from the similar, unlike: abnormis, departing from the rule, unusual (different from dissimilis, enormis); and so also in amens=a mente remotus, alienus ( out of one's senses, without self-control, insane): absurdus, missounding, then incongruous, irrational: abutor (in one of its senses), to misuse: aborior, abortus, to miscarry: abludo; for the privative force the Latin regularly employs in-, v. 2. in.—
2.
It more rarely designates completeness, as in absorbere, abutor ( to use up). (The designation of the fourth generation in the ascending or descending line by ab belongs here only in appearance; as abavus for quartus pater, great-great-grandfather, although the Greeks introduced upopappos; for the immutability of the syllable ab in abpatrnus and abmatertera, as well as the signif. Of the word abavus, grandfather's grandfather, imitated in abnepos, grandchild's grandchild, seems to point to a derivation from avi avus, as Festus, p. 13 Mull., explains atavus, by atta avi, or, rather, attae avus.)

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ab
44 aliquid

ălĭquis, aliquid; plur. aliqui [alius-quis; cf. Engl. somebody or other, i.e. some person [p. 88] obscurely definite; v. Donald. Varron. p. 381 sq.] ( fem. sing. rare).— Abl. sing. aliqui, Plaut. Aul. prol. 24; id. Most. 1, 3, 18; id. Truc. 5, 30; id. Ep. 3, 1, 11.— Nom. plur. masc. aliques, analog. to ques, from quis, acc. to Charis. 133 P.— Nom. and acc. plur. neutr. always aliqua.— Dat. and abl. plur. aliquibus, Liv. 22, 13;
oftener aliquis,
id. 26, 15; 26, 49; Plin. 2, 48, 49, § 131.—Alicui, trisyl., Tib. 4, 7, 2), indef. subst. pron., some one, somebody, any one, something, any thing; in the plur., some, any (it is opp. to an object definitely stated, as also to no one, nobody. The synn. quis, aliquis, and quidam designate an object not denoted by name; quis leaves not merely the object, but even its existence, uncertain; hence it is in gen. used in hypoth. and conditional clauses, with si, nisi, num, quando, etc.; aliquis, more emphatic than quis, denotes that an object really exists, but that nothing depends upon its individuality; no matter of what kind it may be, if it is only one, and not none; quidam indicates not merely the existence and individuality of an object, but that it is known as such to the speaker, only that he is not acquainted with, or does not choose to give, its more definite relations; cf. Jahn ad Ov. M. 9, 429, and the works there referred to).
I.
A.. In gen.: nam nos decebat domum Lugere, ubi esset aliquis in lucem editus, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 115 (as a transl. of Eurip. Cresph. Fragm. ap. Stob. tit. 121, Edei gar hêmas sullogon poioumenous Ton phunta thrênein, etc.):
Ervom tibi aliquis cras faxo ad villam adferat,
Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 65:
hunc videre saepe optabamus diem, Quom ex te esset aliquis, qui te appellaret patrem,
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 30:
utinam modo agatur aliquid!
Cic. Att. 3, 15:
aliquid facerem, ut hoc ne facerem,
I would do any thing, that I might not do this, Ter. And. 1, 5, 24; so id. Phorm. 5, 6, 34:
fit plerumque, ut ei, qui boni quid volunt adferre, adfingant aliquid, quo faciant id, quod nuntiant, laetius,
Cic. Phil. 1, 3:
quamvis enim demersae sunt leges alicujus opibus,
id. Off. 2, 7, 24:
quod motum adfert alicui,
to any thing, id. Tusc. 1, 23, 53: te donabo ego hodie aliqui (abl.), Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 18; so, gaudere aliqui me volo, in some thing (or some way), id. Truc. 5, 30:
nec manibus humanis (Deus) colitur indigens aliquo,
any thing, Vulg. Act. 17, 25:
non est tua ulla culpa, si te aliqui timuerunt,
Cic. Marcell. 6 fin.:
in narratione, ut aliqua neganda, aliqua adicienda, sic aliqua etiam tacenda,
Quint. 4, 2, 67:
sunt aliqua epistulis eorum inserta,
Tac. Or. 25:
laudare aliqua, ferre quaedam,
Quint. 2, 4, 12:
quaero, utrum aliquid actum an nihil arbitremur,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 15: quisquis est ille, si modo est aliquis (i. e. if only there is some one), qui, etc., id. Brut. 73, 255; so id. Ac. 2, 43, 132, etc.; Liv. 2, 10 fin.:
nunc aliquis dicat mihi: Quid tu?
Hor. S. 1, 3, 19; so id. ib. 2, 2, 94; 2, 2, 105; 2, 3, 6; 2, 5, 42, and id. Ep. 2, 1, 206.— Fem. sing.:
Forsitan audieris aliquam certamine cursus Veloces superāsse viros,
Ov. M. 10, 560:
si qua tibi spon sa est, haec tibi sive aliqua est,
id. ib. 4, 326.—
B.
Not unfrequently with adj.:
Novo modo novum aliquid inventum adferre addecet,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 156:
novum aliquid advertere,
Tac. A. 15, 30:
judicabant esse profecto aliquid naturā pulchrum atque praeclarum,
Cic. Sen. 13, 43:
mihi ne diuturnum quidem quidquam videtur, in quo est aliquid extremum,
in which there is any end, id. ib. 19, 69; cf. id. ib. 2, 5:
dignum aliquid elaborare,
Tac. Or. 9:
aliquid improvisum, inopinatum,
Liv. 27, 43:
aliquid exquisitum,
Tac. A. 12, 66:
aliquid illustre et dignum memoriā,
id. Or. 20:
sanctum aliquid et providum,
id. G. 8:
insigne aliquid faceret eis,
Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 31:
aliquid magnum,
Verg. A. 9, 186, and 10, 547:
quos magnum aliquid deceret, Juv 8, 263: dicens se esse aliquem magnum,
Vulg. Act. 8, 9:
majus aliquid et excelsius,
Tac. A. 3, 53:
melius aliquid,
Vulg. Heb. 11, 40:
deterius aliquid,
ib. Joan. 5, 14.—Also with unus, to designate a single, but not otherwise defined person:
ad unum aliquem confugiebant,
Cic. Off. 2, 12, 41 (cf. id. ib. 2, 12, 42: id si ab uno justo et bono viro consequebantur, erant, etc.): sin aliquis excellit unus e multis;
effert se, si unum aliquid adfert,
id. de Or. 3, 33, 136; so id. Verr. 2, 2, 52:
aliquis unus pluresve divitiores,
id. Rep. 1, 32: nam si natura non prohibet et esse virum bonum et esse dicendiperitum:
cur non aliquis etiam unus utrumque consequi possit? cur autem non se quisque speret fore illum aliquem?
that one, Quint. 12, 1, 31; 1, 12, 2.—
C.
Partitive with ex, de, or the gen.:
aliquis ex vobis,
Cic. Cael. 3:
aliquem ex privatis audimus jussisse, etc.,
Plin. 13, 3, 4, § 22:
ex principibus aliquis,
Vulg. Joan. 7, 48; ib. Rom. 11, 14:
aliquis de tribus nobis,
Cic. Leg. 3, 7:
si de iis aliqui remanserint,
Vulg. Lev. 26, 39; ib. 2 Reg. 9, 3:
suorum aliquis,
Cic. Phil. 8, 9:
exspectabam aliquem meorum,
id. Att. 13, 15: succurret fortasse alicui vestrūm, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 1:
trium rerum aliqua consequemur,
Cic. Part. 8, 30:
impetratum ab aliquo vestrūm,
Tac. Or. 15; so Vulg. 1 Cor. 6, 1:
principum aliquis,
Tac. G. 13:
cum popularibus et aliquibus principum,
Liv. 22, 13:
horum aliquid,
Vulg. Lev. 15, 10.—
D.
Aliquid (nom. or acc.), with gen. of a subst. or of a neutr, adj. of second decl. instead of the adj. aliqui, aliqua, aliquod, agreeing with such word:
aliquid pugnae,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 54:
vestimenti aridi,
id. Rud. 2, 6, 16:
consilii,
id. Ep. 2, 2, 71:
monstri,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 15:
scitamentorum,
Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 26:
armorum,
Tac. G. 18:
boni,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 5; Ter. And. 2, 3, 24; Vulg. Joan. 1, 46:
aequi,
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 33:
mali,
Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 60; Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 29:
novi,
Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 1, 1; Vulg. Act. 17, 21:
potionis,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 22:
virium,
Cic. Fam. 11, 18:
falsi,
id. Caecin. 1, 3:
vacui,
Quint. 10, 6, 1:
mdefensi,
Liv. 26, 5 al. —Very rarely in abl.:
aliquo loci morari,
Dig. 18, 7, 1.—
E.
Frequently, esp. in Cic., with the kindred words aliquando, alicubi, aliquo, etc., for the sake of emphasis or rhetorical fulness, Cic. Planc. 14, 35:
asperius locutus est aliquid aliquando,
id. ib. 13, 33; id. Sest. 6, 14; id. Mil. 25, 67:
non despero fore aliquem aliquando,
id. de Or. 1, 21, 95; id. Rep. 1, 9; id. Or. 42, 144; id. Fam. 7, 11 med.: evadat saltem aliquid aliquā, quod conatus sum, Lucil. ap. Non. 293, 1; App. Mag. p. 295, 17 al.—
F.
In conditional clauses with si, nisi, quod si, etc.:
si aliquid de summā gravitate Pompeius dimisisset,
Cic. Phil. 13, 1: si aliquid ( really any thing, in contrast with nihil) dandum est voluptati, id. Sen. 13, 44: quod si non possimus aliquid proficere suadendo, Lucc. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 14, 5:
Quod si de iis aliqui remanserint,
Vulg. Lev. 26, 39:
si quando aliquid tamquam aliqua fabella narratur,
Cic. de Or. 2, 59:
si quis vobis aliquid dixerit,
Vulg. Matt. 21, 3; ib. Luc. 19, 8:
si aliquem, cui narraret, habuisset,
Cic. Lael. 23, 88:
si aliquem nacti sumus, cujus, etc.,
id. ib. 8, 27:
cui (puero) si aliquid erit,
id. Fam. 14, 1:
nisi alicui suorum negotium daret,
Nep. Dion, 8, 2:
si aliquid eorum praestitit,
Liv. 24, 8.—
G.
In negative clauses with ne:
Pompeius cavebat omnia, no aliquid vos timeretis,
Cic. Mil. 24, 66:
ne, si tibi sit pecunia adempta, aliquis dicat,
Nep. Epam. 4, 4:
ne alicui dicerent,
Vulg. Luc. 8, 46.—
H.
In Plaut. and Ter. collect. with a plur. verb (cf. tis, Matth. Gr. 673): aperite atque Erotium aliquis evocate, open, some one (of you), etc., Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 111 (cf. id. Ps. 5, 1, 37:
me adesse quis nuntiate): aperite aliquis actutum ostium,
Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 27.—
I.
In Verg. once with the second person sing.:
Exoriare aliquis nostris ex ossibus ultor, Qui face Dardanios ferroque sequare colonos,
Verg. A. 4, 625.
► In the following passages, with the critical authority added, aliquis seems to stand for the adj.
aliqui, as nemo sometimes stands with a noun for the adj. nullus:
nos quibus est alicunde aliquis objectus labos,
Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 6 Fleck.;
Et ait idem, ut aliquis metus adjunctus sit ad gratiam,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 7, 24 B. and K.:
num igitur aliquis dolor in corpore est?
id. Tusc. 1, 34, 82 iid.:
ut aliquis nos deus tolleret,
id. Am. 23, 87 iid.: sin casus aliquis interpellārit, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8 iid.:
si deus aliquis vitas repente mutāsset,
Tac. Or. 41 Halm:
sic est aliquis oratorum campus,
id. ib. 39 id.:
sive sensus aliquis argutā sententiā effulsit,
id. ib. 20 id. A similar use of aliquid for the adj. aliquod was asserted to exist in Plaut. by Lind. ad Cic. Inv. 2, 6, 399, and this is repeated by Klotz, s. v. aliquis, but Lemaire's Index gives only one instance: ni occupo aliquid mihi consilium, Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 94, where Brix now reads aliquod.
II.
Esp.
A.
With alius, aliud: some or any other, something else, any thing else:
dum aliud aliquid flagitii conficiat,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 2, 5:
potest fieri, ut alius aliquis Cornelius sit,
Cic. Fragm. B. VI. 21:
ut per alium aliquem te ipsum ulciscantur,
id. Div. in Caecil. 6, 22:
non est in alio aliquo salus,
Vulg. Act. 4, 12:
aliquid aliud promittere,
Petr. 10, 5 al. —
B.
And with the idea of alius implied, in opp. to a definite object or objects, some or any other, something else, any thing else: aut ture aut vino aut aliqui (abl.) semper supplicat, Plaut. Aul prol. 24:
vellem aliquid Antonio praeter illum libellum libuisset scribere,
Cic. Brut. 44:
aut ipse occurrebat aut aliquos mittebat,
Liv. 34, 38:
cum seditionem sedare vellem, cum frumentum imperarem..., cum aliquid denique rei publicae causā gererem,
Cic. Verr. 1, 27, 20: commentabar declamitans saepe cum M. Pisone et cum Q. Pompeio aut cum aliquo cotidie id. Brut. 90, 310; Vell. 1, 17; Tac. A. 1, 4: (Tiberius) neque spectacula omnino edidit;
et iis, quae ab aliquo ederentur, rarissime interfuit,
Suet. Tib. 47.—
C.
In a pregn. signif. as in Gr. tis, ti, something considerable, important, or great = aliquid magnum (v. supra. I. B.; cf. in Gr. hoti oiesthe ti poiein ouden poiountes, Plat. Symp. 1, 4):
non omnia in ducis, aliquid et in militum manu esse,
Liv. 45, 36.—Hence, esp.,
1.
Esse aliquem or aliquid, to be somebody or something, i. e to be of some worth, value, or note, to be esteemed:
atque fac, ut me velis esse aliquem,
Cic. Att. 3, 15 fin.:
aude aliquid brevibus Gyaris dignum, si vis esse aliquis,
Juv. 1, 73:
an quidquam stultius quam quos singulos contemnas, eos esse aliquid putare universos?
Cic. Tusc. 5, 36, 104:
exstitit Theodas dicens se esse aliquem,
Vulg. Act. 5, 36: si umquam in dicendo fuimus aliquid. Cic. Att. 4, 2:
ego quoque aliquid sum,
id. Fam. 6, 18:
qui videbantur aliquid esse,
Vulg. Gal. 2, 2; 2, 6: quod te cum Culeone scribis de privilegio locutum, est aliquid ( it is something, it is no trifle):
sed, etc.,
Cic. Att. 3, 15: est istuc quidem aliquid, sed, etc.; id. Sen. 3; id. Cat. 1, 4:
est aliquid nupsisse Jovi,
Ov. F. 6, 27:
Est aliquid de tot Graiorum milibus unum A Diomede legi,
id. M. 13, 241:
est aliquid unius sese dominum fecisse lacertae,
Juv. 3, 230:
omina sunt aliquid,
Ov. Am. 1, 12, 3; so,
crimen abesse,
id. F. 1, 484:
Sunt aliquid Manes,
Prop. 5, 7, 1:
est aliquid eloquentia,
Quint. 1, prooem. fin. —
2.
Dicere aliquid, like legein ti, to say something worth the while:
diceres aliquid et magno quidem philosopho dignum,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 16, 35; cf. Herm. ad Vig. 731; 755; so, assequi aliquid, to effect something considerable:
Etenim si nunc aliquid assequi se putant, qui ostium Ponti viderunt,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 20, 45.—
3.
In colloquial lang.: fiet aliquid, something important or great, will, may come to pass or happen: Ch. Invenietur, exquiretur, aliquid fiet. Eu. Enicas. Jam istuc aliquid fiet, metuo, Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 25:
mane, aliquid fiet, ne abi,
id. Truc. 2, 4, 15; Ter. And. 2, 1, 14.—
D.
Ad aliquid esse, in gram. lang., to refer or relate to something else, e. g. pater, filius, frater, etc. (v. ad):
idem cum interrogantur, cur aper apri et pater patris faciat, il lud nomen positum, hoc ad aliquid esse contendunt,
Quint. 1, 6, 13 Halm.—
E.
Atque aliquis, poet. in imitation of hôide de tis, and thus some one (Hom. II. 7, 178;
7, 201 al.): Atque aliquis, magno quaerens exempla timori, Non alios, inquit, motus, etc.,
Luc. 2, 67 Web.; Stat. Th. 1, 171; Claud. Eutr. 1, 350.—
F.
It is sometimes omitted before qui, esp. in the phrase est qui, sunt qui:
praemittebatque de stipulatoribus suis, qui perscrutarentur, etc.,
Cic. Off. 2, 7, 25:
sunt quibus in satirā videar nimis acer,
Hor. S. 2, 1, 1:
sunt qui adiciant his evidentiam, quae, etc.,
Quint. 4, 2, § 63 (cf. on the contr. § 69: verum in his quoque confessionibus est aliquid. quod ex invidiā detrahi possit).—
G.
Aliquid, like nihil (q. v. I. g), is used of persons:
Hinc ad Antonium nemo, illinc ad Caesarem cotidie aliquid transfugiebat,
Vell. 2, 84, 2 (cf. in Gr. tôn d allôn ou per ti... oute theôn out anthrôpôn, Hom. H. Ven. 34 sq. Herm.).— Hence the advv.
A.
ălĭquid (prop. acc. denoting in what respect, with a verb or [p. 89] adj.; so in Gr. ti), somewhat, in something, in some degree, to some extent:
illud vereor, ne tibi illum succensere aliquid suspicere,
Cic. Deiot. 13, 35:
si in me aliquid offendistis,
at all, in any respect, id. Mil. 36, 99:
quos tamen aliquid usus ac disciplina sublevarent,
somewhat, Caes. B. G. 1, 40:
Philippi regnum officere aliquid videtur libertati vestrae,
Liv. 31, 29:
Nos aliquid Rutulos contra juvisse nefandum est?
Verg. A. 10, 84:
neque circumcisio aliquid valet,
Vulg. Gal. 6, 15:
perlucens jam aliquid, incerta tamen lux,
Liv. 41, 2:
aliquid et spatio fessus,
Plin. 5, 9, 10, § 54; cf. Hand, Turs. I. p. 259; Ellendt ad Cic. de Or. 1, 9, 35.—
B.
ălĭquō (from aliquoi, old dat. denoting direction whither; cf.: eo, quo, alio, etc.).
1.
Somewhither (arch.), to some place, somewhere; in the comic poets sometimes also with a subst. added, which designates the place more definitely:
ut aliquo ex urbe amoveas,
Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 94:
aliquo abicere,
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 26:
concludere,
id. Eun. 4, 3, 25 (cf. id. Ad. 4, 2, 13, in cellam aliquam concludere):
ab eorum oculis aliquo concederes,
Cic. Cat. 1, 17:
demigrandum potius aliquo est quam, etc.,
id. Dom. 100:
aliquem aliquo impellere,
id. Vatin. 15:
aliquo exire,
id. Q. Fr. 3, 1:
aliquo advenire vel sicunde discedere,
Suet. Calig. 4; Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 51; id. Men. 5, 1, 3:
in angulum Aliquo abire,
Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 10; 3, 3, 6:
aliquem rus aliquo educere,
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 3.—With a gen., like quo, ubi, etc.: migrandum Rhodum aut aliquo terrarum, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 1, 5.—
2.
With the idea of alio implied, = alio quo, somewhere else, to some other place (cf. aliquis, II. B.):
dum proficiscor aliquo,
Ter. And. 2, 1, 28:
at certe ut hinc concedas aliquo,
id. Heaut. 3, 3, 11:
si te parentes timerent atque odissent tui, ab eorum oculis aliquo concederes,
Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 17; cf. Hand, Turs. I. p. 265.—
C.
ălĭquam, adv. (prop. acc. fem.), = in aliquam partem, in some degree; only in connection with diu, multus, and plures.
1.
Aliquam diu (B. and K.), or together aliquamdiu (Madv., Halm, Dietsch), awhile, for a while, for some time; also pregn., for some considerable time (most freq. in the histt., esp. Cæs. and Livy; also in Cic.).
a.
Absol.:
ut non aliquando condemnatum esse Oppianicum, sed aliquam diu incolumem fuisse miremini,
Cic. Clu. 9, 25:
Aristum Athenis audivit aliquam diu,
id. Ac. 1, 3, 12:
in vincula conjectus est, in quibus aliquamdiu fuit,
Nep. Con. 5, 3;
id. Dion, 3, 1: quā in parte rex affuit, ibi aliquamdiu certatum,
Sall. J. 74, 3; Liv. 3, 70, 4.—
b.
Often followed by deinde, postea, postremo, tandem, etc.:
pugnatur aliquamdiu pari contentione: deinde, etc., Auct. B. G. 8, 19, 3: cunctati aliquamdiu sunt: pudor deinde commovit aciem,
Liv. 2, 10, 9; so id. 1, 16:
quos aliquamdiu inermos timuissent, hos postea armatos superāssent,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 6:
controversia aliquamdiu fuit: postremo, etc.,
Liv. 3, 32, 7; 25, 15, 14; 45, 6, 6:
ibi aliquamdiu atrox pugna stetit: tandem, etc.,
Liv. 29, 2, 15; 34, 28, 4 and 11; Suet. Ner. 6.—
* c.
With donec, as a more definite limitation of time, some time... until, a considerable time... until:
exanimis aliquamdiu jacuit, donec, etc.,
Suet. Caes. 82. —
d.
Meton., for a long distance; most freq. of rivers:
Rhodanus aliquamdiu Gallias dirimit,
Mel. 2, 5, 5; so id. 3, 5, 6; 3, 9, 8 al.—Of the Corycian cave in Cilicia:
deinde aliquamdiu perspicuus, mox, et quo magis subitur, obscurior,
Mel. 1, 13.—
2.
Aliquam multi, or aliquammulti, somewhat many, considerable in number or quantity (mostly post-class.):
sunt vestrūm aliquam multi, qui L. Pisonem cognōrunt,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 56 B. and K.: aliquammultos non comparuisse, * Gell. 3, 10, 17 Hertz:
aliquammultis diebus decumbo,
App. Mag. p. 320, 10.—Also adv.: aliquam multum, something much, to a considerable distance, considerably:
sed haec defensio, ut dixi, aliquam multum a me remota est,
App. Mag. p. 276, 7 dub.—And comp. * aliquam plures, somewhat more, considerably more:
aliquam pluribus et amarioribus perorantem,
Tert. Apol. 12 dub.; cf. Hand, Turs. I. p. 243.—
D.
ălĭquā, adv. (prop. abl. fem.).
1.
Somewhere (like mod. Engl. somewhere for somewhither):
antevenito aliquā aliquos,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 66: aliquā evolare si posset, * Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 67:
si quā evasissent aliquā,
Liv. 26, 27, 12.—
2.
Transf. to action, in some way or other, in some manner, = aliquo modo:
aliquid aliquā sentire,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 62: evadere aliquā, Lucil. ap. Non. 293, 1:
aliquid aliquā resciscere,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 19, and 4, 1, 19: aliquā nocere, * Verg. E. 3, 15:
aliquā obesse,
App. Mag. p. 295, 17.—
E.
ălĭqui, adv. (prop. abl. = aliquo modo), in some way, somehow:
Quamquam ego tibi videor stultus, gaudere me aliqui volo,
Plaut. Truc. 5, 30 (but in this and like cases, aliqui may be treated as the abl. subst.; cf. supra, I. A.); cf. Hand, Turs. I. p. 242.
► The forms aliqua, neutr.
plur., and aliquam, acc., and aliquā, abl., used adverbially, may also be referred to the adj. ălĭqui, ălĭqua, ălĭquod.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aliquid
45 aliquis

ălĭquis, aliquid; plur. aliqui [alius-quis; cf. Engl. somebody or other, i.e. some person [p. 88] obscurely definite; v. Donald. Varron. p. 381 sq.] ( fem. sing. rare).— Abl. sing. aliqui, Plaut. Aul. prol. 24; id. Most. 1, 3, 18; id. Truc. 5, 30; id. Ep. 3, 1, 11.— Nom. plur. masc. aliques, analog. to ques, from quis, acc. to Charis. 133 P.— Nom. and acc. plur. neutr. always aliqua.— Dat. and abl. plur. aliquibus, Liv. 22, 13;
oftener aliquis,
id. 26, 15; 26, 49; Plin. 2, 48, 49, § 131.—Alicui, trisyl., Tib. 4, 7, 2), indef. subst. pron., some one, somebody, any one, something, any thing; in the plur., some, any (it is opp. to an object definitely stated, as also to no one, nobody. The synn. quis, aliquis, and quidam designate an object not denoted by name; quis leaves not merely the object, but even its existence, uncertain; hence it is in gen. used in hypoth. and conditional clauses, with si, nisi, num, quando, etc.; aliquis, more emphatic than quis, denotes that an object really exists, but that nothing depends upon its individuality; no matter of what kind it may be, if it is only one, and not none; quidam indicates not merely the existence and individuality of an object, but that it is known as such to the speaker, only that he is not acquainted with, or does not choose to give, its more definite relations; cf. Jahn ad Ov. M. 9, 429, and the works there referred to).
I.
A.. In gen.: nam nos decebat domum Lugere, ubi esset aliquis in lucem editus, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 115 (as a transl. of Eurip. Cresph. Fragm. ap. Stob. tit. 121, Edei gar hêmas sullogon poioumenous Ton phunta thrênein, etc.):
Ervom tibi aliquis cras faxo ad villam adferat,
Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 65:
hunc videre saepe optabamus diem, Quom ex te esset aliquis, qui te appellaret patrem,
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 30:
utinam modo agatur aliquid!
Cic. Att. 3, 15:
aliquid facerem, ut hoc ne facerem,
I would do any thing, that I might not do this, Ter. And. 1, 5, 24; so id. Phorm. 5, 6, 34:
fit plerumque, ut ei, qui boni quid volunt adferre, adfingant aliquid, quo faciant id, quod nuntiant, laetius,
Cic. Phil. 1, 3:
quamvis enim demersae sunt leges alicujus opibus,
id. Off. 2, 7, 24:
quod motum adfert alicui,
to any thing, id. Tusc. 1, 23, 53: te donabo ego hodie aliqui (abl.), Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 18; so, gaudere aliqui me volo, in some thing (or some way), id. Truc. 5, 30:
nec manibus humanis (Deus) colitur indigens aliquo,
any thing, Vulg. Act. 17, 25:
non est tua ulla culpa, si te aliqui timuerunt,
Cic. Marcell. 6 fin.:
in narratione, ut aliqua neganda, aliqua adicienda, sic aliqua etiam tacenda,
Quint. 4, 2, 67:
sunt aliqua epistulis eorum inserta,
Tac. Or. 25:
laudare aliqua, ferre quaedam,
Quint. 2, 4, 12:
quaero, utrum aliquid actum an nihil arbitremur,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 15: quisquis est ille, si modo est aliquis (i. e. if only there is some one), qui, etc., id. Brut. 73, 255; so id. Ac. 2, 43, 132, etc.; Liv. 2, 10 fin.:
nunc aliquis dicat mihi: Quid tu?
Hor. S. 1, 3, 19; so id. ib. 2, 2, 94; 2, 2, 105; 2, 3, 6; 2, 5, 42, and id. Ep. 2, 1, 206.— Fem. sing.:
Forsitan audieris aliquam certamine cursus Veloces superāsse viros,
Ov. M. 10, 560:
si qua tibi spon sa est, haec tibi sive aliqua est,
id. ib. 4, 326.—
B.
Not unfrequently with adj.:
Novo modo novum aliquid inventum adferre addecet,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 156:
novum aliquid advertere,
Tac. A. 15, 30:
judicabant esse profecto aliquid naturā pulchrum atque praeclarum,
Cic. Sen. 13, 43:
mihi ne diuturnum quidem quidquam videtur, in quo est aliquid extremum,
in which there is any end, id. ib. 19, 69; cf. id. ib. 2, 5:
dignum aliquid elaborare,
Tac. Or. 9:
aliquid improvisum, inopinatum,
Liv. 27, 43:
aliquid exquisitum,
Tac. A. 12, 66:
aliquid illustre et dignum memoriā,
id. Or. 20:
sanctum aliquid et providum,
id. G. 8:
insigne aliquid faceret eis,
Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 31:
aliquid magnum,
Verg. A. 9, 186, and 10, 547:
quos magnum aliquid deceret, Juv 8, 263: dicens se esse aliquem magnum,
Vulg. Act. 8, 9:
majus aliquid et excelsius,
Tac. A. 3, 53:
melius aliquid,
Vulg. Heb. 11, 40:
deterius aliquid,
ib. Joan. 5, 14.—Also with unus, to designate a single, but not otherwise defined person:
ad unum aliquem confugiebant,
Cic. Off. 2, 12, 41 (cf. id. ib. 2, 12, 42: id si ab uno justo et bono viro consequebantur, erant, etc.): sin aliquis excellit unus e multis;
effert se, si unum aliquid adfert,
id. de Or. 3, 33, 136; so id. Verr. 2, 2, 52:
aliquis unus pluresve divitiores,
id. Rep. 1, 32: nam si natura non prohibet et esse virum bonum et esse dicendiperitum:
cur non aliquis etiam unus utrumque consequi possit? cur autem non se quisque speret fore illum aliquem?
that one, Quint. 12, 1, 31; 1, 12, 2.—
C.
Partitive with ex, de, or the gen.:
aliquis ex vobis,
Cic. Cael. 3:
aliquem ex privatis audimus jussisse, etc.,
Plin. 13, 3, 4, § 22:
ex principibus aliquis,
Vulg. Joan. 7, 48; ib. Rom. 11, 14:
aliquis de tribus nobis,
Cic. Leg. 3, 7:
si de iis aliqui remanserint,
Vulg. Lev. 26, 39; ib. 2 Reg. 9, 3:
suorum aliquis,
Cic. Phil. 8, 9:
exspectabam aliquem meorum,
id. Att. 13, 15: succurret fortasse alicui vestrūm, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 1:
trium rerum aliqua consequemur,
Cic. Part. 8, 30:
impetratum ab aliquo vestrūm,
Tac. Or. 15; so Vulg. 1 Cor. 6, 1:
principum aliquis,
Tac. G. 13:
cum popularibus et aliquibus principum,
Liv. 22, 13:
horum aliquid,
Vulg. Lev. 15, 10.—
D.
Aliquid (nom. or acc.), with gen. of a subst. or of a neutr, adj. of second decl. instead of the adj. aliqui, aliqua, aliquod, agreeing with such word:
aliquid pugnae,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 54:
vestimenti aridi,
id. Rud. 2, 6, 16:
consilii,
id. Ep. 2, 2, 71:
monstri,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 15:
scitamentorum,
Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 26:
armorum,
Tac. G. 18:
boni,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 5; Ter. And. 2, 3, 24; Vulg. Joan. 1, 46:
aequi,
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 33:
mali,
Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 60; Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 29:
novi,
Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 1, 1; Vulg. Act. 17, 21:
potionis,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 22:
virium,
Cic. Fam. 11, 18:
falsi,
id. Caecin. 1, 3:
vacui,
Quint. 10, 6, 1:
mdefensi,
Liv. 26, 5 al. —Very rarely in abl.:
aliquo loci morari,
Dig. 18, 7, 1.—
E.
Frequently, esp. in Cic., with the kindred words aliquando, alicubi, aliquo, etc., for the sake of emphasis or rhetorical fulness, Cic. Planc. 14, 35:
asperius locutus est aliquid aliquando,
id. ib. 13, 33; id. Sest. 6, 14; id. Mil. 25, 67:
non despero fore aliquem aliquando,
id. de Or. 1, 21, 95; id. Rep. 1, 9; id. Or. 42, 144; id. Fam. 7, 11 med.: evadat saltem aliquid aliquā, quod conatus sum, Lucil. ap. Non. 293, 1; App. Mag. p. 295, 17 al.—
F.
In conditional clauses with si, nisi, quod si, etc.:
si aliquid de summā gravitate Pompeius dimisisset,
Cic. Phil. 13, 1: si aliquid ( really any thing, in contrast with nihil) dandum est voluptati, id. Sen. 13, 44: quod si non possimus aliquid proficere suadendo, Lucc. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 14, 5:
Quod si de iis aliqui remanserint,
Vulg. Lev. 26, 39:
si quando aliquid tamquam aliqua fabella narratur,
Cic. de Or. 2, 59:
si quis vobis aliquid dixerit,
Vulg. Matt. 21, 3; ib. Luc. 19, 8:
si aliquem, cui narraret, habuisset,
Cic. Lael. 23, 88:
si aliquem nacti sumus, cujus, etc.,
id. ib. 8, 27:
cui (puero) si aliquid erit,
id. Fam. 14, 1:
nisi alicui suorum negotium daret,
Nep. Dion, 8, 2:
si aliquid eorum praestitit,
Liv. 24, 8.—
G.
In negative clauses with ne:
Pompeius cavebat omnia, no aliquid vos timeretis,
Cic. Mil. 24, 66:
ne, si tibi sit pecunia adempta, aliquis dicat,
Nep. Epam. 4, 4:
ne alicui dicerent,
Vulg. Luc. 8, 46.—
H.
In Plaut. and Ter. collect. with a plur. verb (cf. tis, Matth. Gr. 673): aperite atque Erotium aliquis evocate, open, some one (of you), etc., Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 111 (cf. id. Ps. 5, 1, 37:
me adesse quis nuntiate): aperite aliquis actutum ostium,
Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 27.—
I.
In Verg. once with the second person sing.:
Exoriare aliquis nostris ex ossibus ultor, Qui face Dardanios ferroque sequare colonos,
Verg. A. 4, 625.
► In the following passages, with the critical authority added, aliquis seems to stand for the adj.
aliqui, as nemo sometimes stands with a noun for the adj. nullus:
nos quibus est alicunde aliquis objectus labos,
Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 6 Fleck.;
Et ait idem, ut aliquis metus adjunctus sit ad gratiam,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 7, 24 B. and K.:
num igitur aliquis dolor in corpore est?
id. Tusc. 1, 34, 82 iid.:
ut aliquis nos deus tolleret,
id. Am. 23, 87 iid.: sin casus aliquis interpellārit, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8 iid.:
si deus aliquis vitas repente mutāsset,
Tac. Or. 41 Halm:
sic est aliquis oratorum campus,
id. ib. 39 id.:
sive sensus aliquis argutā sententiā effulsit,
id. ib. 20 id. A similar use of aliquid for the adj. aliquod was asserted to exist in Plaut. by Lind. ad Cic. Inv. 2, 6, 399, and this is repeated by Klotz, s. v. aliquis, but Lemaire's Index gives only one instance: ni occupo aliquid mihi consilium, Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 94, where Brix now reads aliquod.
II.
Esp.
A.
With alius, aliud: some or any other, something else, any thing else:
dum aliud aliquid flagitii conficiat,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 2, 5:
potest fieri, ut alius aliquis Cornelius sit,
Cic. Fragm. B. VI. 21:
ut per alium aliquem te ipsum ulciscantur,
id. Div. in Caecil. 6, 22:
non est in alio aliquo salus,
Vulg. Act. 4, 12:
aliquid aliud promittere,
Petr. 10, 5 al. —
B.
And with the idea of alius implied, in opp. to a definite object or objects, some or any other, something else, any thing else: aut ture aut vino aut aliqui (abl.) semper supplicat, Plaut. Aul prol. 24:
vellem aliquid Antonio praeter illum libellum libuisset scribere,
Cic. Brut. 44:
aut ipse occurrebat aut aliquos mittebat,
Liv. 34, 38:
cum seditionem sedare vellem, cum frumentum imperarem..., cum aliquid denique rei publicae causā gererem,
Cic. Verr. 1, 27, 20: commentabar declamitans saepe cum M. Pisone et cum Q. Pompeio aut cum aliquo cotidie id. Brut. 90, 310; Vell. 1, 17; Tac. A. 1, 4: (Tiberius) neque spectacula omnino edidit;
et iis, quae ab aliquo ederentur, rarissime interfuit,
Suet. Tib. 47.—
C.
In a pregn. signif. as in Gr. tis, ti, something considerable, important, or great = aliquid magnum (v. supra. I. B.; cf. in Gr. hoti oiesthe ti poiein ouden poiountes, Plat. Symp. 1, 4):
non omnia in ducis, aliquid et in militum manu esse,
Liv. 45, 36.—Hence, esp.,
1.
Esse aliquem or aliquid, to be somebody or something, i. e to be of some worth, value, or note, to be esteemed:
atque fac, ut me velis esse aliquem,
Cic. Att. 3, 15 fin.:
aude aliquid brevibus Gyaris dignum, si vis esse aliquis,
Juv. 1, 73:
an quidquam stultius quam quos singulos contemnas, eos esse aliquid putare universos?
Cic. Tusc. 5, 36, 104:
exstitit Theodas dicens se esse aliquem,
Vulg. Act. 5, 36: si umquam in dicendo fuimus aliquid. Cic. Att. 4, 2:
ego quoque aliquid sum,
id. Fam. 6, 18:
qui videbantur aliquid esse,
Vulg. Gal. 2, 2; 2, 6: quod te cum Culeone scribis de privilegio locutum, est aliquid ( it is something, it is no trifle):
sed, etc.,
Cic. Att. 3, 15: est istuc quidem aliquid, sed, etc.; id. Sen. 3; id. Cat. 1, 4:
est aliquid nupsisse Jovi,
Ov. F. 6, 27:
Est aliquid de tot Graiorum milibus unum A Diomede legi,
id. M. 13, 241:
est aliquid unius sese dominum fecisse lacertae,
Juv. 3, 230:
omina sunt aliquid,
Ov. Am. 1, 12, 3; so,
crimen abesse,
id. F. 1, 484:
Sunt aliquid Manes,
Prop. 5, 7, 1:
est aliquid eloquentia,
Quint. 1, prooem. fin. —
2.
Dicere aliquid, like legein ti, to say something worth the while:
diceres aliquid et magno quidem philosopho dignum,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 16, 35; cf. Herm. ad Vig. 731; 755; so, assequi aliquid, to effect something considerable:
Etenim si nunc aliquid assequi se putant, qui ostium Ponti viderunt,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 20, 45.—
3.
In colloquial lang.: fiet aliquid, something important or great, will, may come to pass or happen: Ch. Invenietur, exquiretur, aliquid fiet. Eu. Enicas. Jam istuc aliquid fiet, metuo, Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 25:
mane, aliquid fiet, ne abi,
id. Truc. 2, 4, 15; Ter. And. 2, 1, 14.—
D.
Ad aliquid esse, in gram. lang., to refer or relate to something else, e. g. pater, filius, frater, etc. (v. ad):
idem cum interrogantur, cur aper apri et pater patris faciat, il lud nomen positum, hoc ad aliquid esse contendunt,
Quint. 1, 6, 13 Halm.—
E.
Atque aliquis, poet. in imitation of hôide de tis, and thus some one (Hom. II. 7, 178;
7, 201 al.): Atque aliquis, magno quaerens exempla timori, Non alios, inquit, motus, etc.,
Luc. 2, 67 Web.; Stat. Th. 1, 171; Claud. Eutr. 1, 350.—
F.
It is sometimes omitted before qui, esp. in the phrase est qui, sunt qui:
praemittebatque de stipulatoribus suis, qui perscrutarentur, etc.,
Cic. Off. 2, 7, 25:
sunt quibus in satirā videar nimis acer,
Hor. S. 2, 1, 1:
sunt qui adiciant his evidentiam, quae, etc.,
Quint. 4, 2, § 63 (cf. on the contr. § 69: verum in his quoque confessionibus est aliquid. quod ex invidiā detrahi possit).—
G.
Aliquid, like nihil (q. v. I. g), is used of persons:
Hinc ad Antonium nemo, illinc ad Caesarem cotidie aliquid transfugiebat,
Vell. 2, 84, 2 (cf. in Gr. tôn d allôn ou per ti... oute theôn out anthrôpôn, Hom. H. Ven. 34 sq. Herm.).— Hence the advv.
A.
ălĭquid (prop. acc. denoting in what respect, with a verb or [p. 89] adj.; so in Gr. ti), somewhat, in something, in some degree, to some extent:
illud vereor, ne tibi illum succensere aliquid suspicere,
Cic. Deiot. 13, 35:
si in me aliquid offendistis,
at all, in any respect, id. Mil. 36, 99:
quos tamen aliquid usus ac disciplina sublevarent,
somewhat, Caes. B. G. 1, 40:
Philippi regnum officere aliquid videtur libertati vestrae,
Liv. 31, 29:
Nos aliquid Rutulos contra juvisse nefandum est?
Verg. A. 10, 84:
neque circumcisio aliquid valet,
Vulg. Gal. 6, 15:
perlucens jam aliquid, incerta tamen lux,
Liv. 41, 2:
aliquid et spatio fessus,
Plin. 5, 9, 10, § 54; cf. Hand, Turs. I. p. 259; Ellendt ad Cic. de Or. 1, 9, 35.—
B.
ălĭquō (from aliquoi, old dat. denoting direction whither; cf.: eo, quo, alio, etc.).
1.
Somewhither (arch.), to some place, somewhere; in the comic poets sometimes also with a subst. added, which designates the place more definitely:
ut aliquo ex urbe amoveas,
Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 94:
aliquo abicere,
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 26:
concludere,
id. Eun. 4, 3, 25 (cf. id. Ad. 4, 2, 13, in cellam aliquam concludere):
ab eorum oculis aliquo concederes,
Cic. Cat. 1, 17:
demigrandum potius aliquo est quam, etc.,
id. Dom. 100:
aliquem aliquo impellere,
id. Vatin. 15:
aliquo exire,
id. Q. Fr. 3, 1:
aliquo advenire vel sicunde discedere,
Suet. Calig. 4; Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 51; id. Men. 5, 1, 3:
in angulum Aliquo abire,
Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 10; 3, 3, 6:
aliquem rus aliquo educere,
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 3.—With a gen., like quo, ubi, etc.: migrandum Rhodum aut aliquo terrarum, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 1, 5.—
2.
With the idea of alio implied, = alio quo, somewhere else, to some other place (cf. aliquis, II. B.):
dum proficiscor aliquo,
Ter. And. 2, 1, 28:
at certe ut hinc concedas aliquo,
id. Heaut. 3, 3, 11:
si te parentes timerent atque odissent tui, ab eorum oculis aliquo concederes,
Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 17; cf. Hand, Turs. I. p. 265.—
C.
ălĭquam, adv. (prop. acc. fem.), = in aliquam partem, in some degree; only in connection with diu, multus, and plures.
1.
Aliquam diu (B. and K.), or together aliquamdiu (Madv., Halm, Dietsch), awhile, for a while, for some time; also pregn., for some considerable time (most freq. in the histt., esp. Cæs. and Livy; also in Cic.).
a.
Absol.:
ut non aliquando condemnatum esse Oppianicum, sed aliquam diu incolumem fuisse miremini,
Cic. Clu. 9, 25:
Aristum Athenis audivit aliquam diu,
id. Ac. 1, 3, 12:
in vincula conjectus est, in quibus aliquamdiu fuit,
Nep. Con. 5, 3;
id. Dion, 3, 1: quā in parte rex affuit, ibi aliquamdiu certatum,
Sall. J. 74, 3; Liv. 3, 70, 4.—
b.
Often followed by deinde, postea, postremo, tandem, etc.:
pugnatur aliquamdiu pari contentione: deinde, etc., Auct. B. G. 8, 19, 3: cunctati aliquamdiu sunt: pudor deinde commovit aciem,
Liv. 2, 10, 9; so id. 1, 16:
quos aliquamdiu inermos timuissent, hos postea armatos superāssent,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 6:
controversia aliquamdiu fuit: postremo, etc.,
Liv. 3, 32, 7; 25, 15, 14; 45, 6, 6:
ibi aliquamdiu atrox pugna stetit: tandem, etc.,
Liv. 29, 2, 15; 34, 28, 4 and 11; Suet. Ner. 6.—
* c.
With donec, as a more definite limitation of time, some time... until, a considerable time... until:
exanimis aliquamdiu jacuit, donec, etc.,
Suet. Caes. 82. —
d.
Meton., for a long distance; most freq. of rivers:
Rhodanus aliquamdiu Gallias dirimit,
Mel. 2, 5, 5; so id. 3, 5, 6; 3, 9, 8 al.—Of the Corycian cave in Cilicia:
deinde aliquamdiu perspicuus, mox, et quo magis subitur, obscurior,
Mel. 1, 13.—
2.
Aliquam multi, or aliquammulti, somewhat many, considerable in number or quantity (mostly post-class.):
sunt vestrūm aliquam multi, qui L. Pisonem cognōrunt,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 56 B. and K.: aliquammultos non comparuisse, * Gell. 3, 10, 17 Hertz:
aliquammultis diebus decumbo,
App. Mag. p. 320, 10.—Also adv.: aliquam multum, something much, to a considerable distance, considerably:
sed haec defensio, ut dixi, aliquam multum a me remota est,
App. Mag. p. 276, 7 dub.—And comp. * aliquam plures, somewhat more, considerably more:
aliquam pluribus et amarioribus perorantem,
Tert. Apol. 12 dub.; cf. Hand, Turs. I. p. 243.—
D.
ălĭquā, adv. (prop. abl. fem.).
1.
Somewhere (like mod. Engl. somewhere for somewhither):
antevenito aliquā aliquos,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 66: aliquā evolare si posset, * Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 67:
si quā evasissent aliquā,
Liv. 26, 27, 12.—
2.
Transf. to action, in some way or other, in some manner, = aliquo modo:
aliquid aliquā sentire,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 62: evadere aliquā, Lucil. ap. Non. 293, 1:
aliquid aliquā resciscere,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 19, and 4, 1, 19: aliquā nocere, * Verg. E. 3, 15:
aliquā obesse,
App. Mag. p. 295, 17.—
E.
ălĭqui, adv. (prop. abl. = aliquo modo), in some way, somehow:
Quamquam ego tibi videor stultus, gaudere me aliqui volo,
Plaut. Truc. 5, 30 (but in this and like cases, aliqui may be treated as the abl. subst.; cf. supra, I. A.); cf. Hand, Turs. I. p. 242.
► The forms aliqua, neutr.
plur., and aliquam, acc., and aliquā, abl., used adverbially, may also be referred to the adj. ălĭqui, ălĭqua, ălĭquod.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aliquis
46 aliquod

ălĭquis, aliquid; plur. aliqui [alius-quis; cf. Engl. somebody or other, i.e. some person [p. 88] obscurely definite; v. Donald. Varron. p. 381 sq.] ( fem. sing. rare).— Abl. sing. aliqui, Plaut. Aul. prol. 24; id. Most. 1, 3, 18; id. Truc. 5, 30; id. Ep. 3, 1, 11.— Nom. plur. masc. aliques, analog. to ques, from quis, acc. to Charis. 133 P.— Nom. and acc. plur. neutr. always aliqua.— Dat. and abl. plur. aliquibus, Liv. 22, 13;
oftener aliquis,
id. 26, 15; 26, 49; Plin. 2, 48, 49, § 131.—Alicui, trisyl., Tib. 4, 7, 2), indef. subst. pron., some one, somebody, any one, something, any thing; in the plur., some, any (it is opp. to an object definitely stated, as also to no one, nobody. The synn. quis, aliquis, and quidam designate an object not denoted by name; quis leaves not merely the object, but even its existence, uncertain; hence it is in gen. used in hypoth. and conditional clauses, with si, nisi, num, quando, etc.; aliquis, more emphatic than quis, denotes that an object really exists, but that nothing depends upon its individuality; no matter of what kind it may be, if it is only one, and not none; quidam indicates not merely the existence and individuality of an object, but that it is known as such to the speaker, only that he is not acquainted with, or does not choose to give, its more definite relations; cf. Jahn ad Ov. M. 9, 429, and the works there referred to).
I.
A.. In gen.: nam nos decebat domum Lugere, ubi esset aliquis in lucem editus, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 115 (as a transl. of Eurip. Cresph. Fragm. ap. Stob. tit. 121, Edei gar hêmas sullogon poioumenous Ton phunta thrênein, etc.):
Ervom tibi aliquis cras faxo ad villam adferat,
Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 65:
hunc videre saepe optabamus diem, Quom ex te esset aliquis, qui te appellaret patrem,
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 30:
utinam modo agatur aliquid!
Cic. Att. 3, 15:
aliquid facerem, ut hoc ne facerem,
I would do any thing, that I might not do this, Ter. And. 1, 5, 24; so id. Phorm. 5, 6, 34:
fit plerumque, ut ei, qui boni quid volunt adferre, adfingant aliquid, quo faciant id, quod nuntiant, laetius,
Cic. Phil. 1, 3:
quamvis enim demersae sunt leges alicujus opibus,
id. Off. 2, 7, 24:
quod motum adfert alicui,
to any thing, id. Tusc. 1, 23, 53: te donabo ego hodie aliqui (abl.), Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 18; so, gaudere aliqui me volo, in some thing (or some way), id. Truc. 5, 30:
nec manibus humanis (Deus) colitur indigens aliquo,
any thing, Vulg. Act. 17, 25:
non est tua ulla culpa, si te aliqui timuerunt,
Cic. Marcell. 6 fin.:
in narratione, ut aliqua neganda, aliqua adicienda, sic aliqua etiam tacenda,
Quint. 4, 2, 67:
sunt aliqua epistulis eorum inserta,
Tac. Or. 25:
laudare aliqua, ferre quaedam,
Quint. 2, 4, 12:
quaero, utrum aliquid actum an nihil arbitremur,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 15: quisquis est ille, si modo est aliquis (i. e. if only there is some one), qui, etc., id. Brut. 73, 255; so id. Ac. 2, 43, 132, etc.; Liv. 2, 10 fin.:
nunc aliquis dicat mihi: Quid tu?
Hor. S. 1, 3, 19; so id. ib. 2, 2, 94; 2, 2, 105; 2, 3, 6; 2, 5, 42, and id. Ep. 2, 1, 206.— Fem. sing.:
Forsitan audieris aliquam certamine cursus Veloces superāsse viros,
Ov. M. 10, 560:
si qua tibi spon sa est, haec tibi sive aliqua est,
id. ib. 4, 326.—
B.
Not unfrequently with adj.:
Novo modo novum aliquid inventum adferre addecet,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 156:
novum aliquid advertere,
Tac. A. 15, 30:
judicabant esse profecto aliquid naturā pulchrum atque praeclarum,
Cic. Sen. 13, 43:
mihi ne diuturnum quidem quidquam videtur, in quo est aliquid extremum,
in which there is any end, id. ib. 19, 69; cf. id. ib. 2, 5:
dignum aliquid elaborare,
Tac. Or. 9:
aliquid improvisum, inopinatum,
Liv. 27, 43:
aliquid exquisitum,
Tac. A. 12, 66:
aliquid illustre et dignum memoriā,
id. Or. 20:
sanctum aliquid et providum,
id. G. 8:
insigne aliquid faceret eis,
Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 31:
aliquid magnum,
Verg. A. 9, 186, and 10, 547:
quos magnum aliquid deceret, Juv 8, 263: dicens se esse aliquem magnum,
Vulg. Act. 8, 9:
majus aliquid et excelsius,
Tac. A. 3, 53:
melius aliquid,
Vulg. Heb. 11, 40:
deterius aliquid,
ib. Joan. 5, 14.—Also with unus, to designate a single, but not otherwise defined person:
ad unum aliquem confugiebant,
Cic. Off. 2, 12, 41 (cf. id. ib. 2, 12, 42: id si ab uno justo et bono viro consequebantur, erant, etc.): sin aliquis excellit unus e multis;
effert se, si unum aliquid adfert,
id. de Or. 3, 33, 136; so id. Verr. 2, 2, 52:
aliquis unus pluresve divitiores,
id. Rep. 1, 32: nam si natura non prohibet et esse virum bonum et esse dicendiperitum:
cur non aliquis etiam unus utrumque consequi possit? cur autem non se quisque speret fore illum aliquem?
that one, Quint. 12, 1, 31; 1, 12, 2.—
C.
Partitive with ex, de, or the gen.:
aliquis ex vobis,
Cic. Cael. 3:
aliquem ex privatis audimus jussisse, etc.,
Plin. 13, 3, 4, § 22:
ex principibus aliquis,
Vulg. Joan. 7, 48; ib. Rom. 11, 14:
aliquis de tribus nobis,
Cic. Leg. 3, 7:
si de iis aliqui remanserint,
Vulg. Lev. 26, 39; ib. 2 Reg. 9, 3:
suorum aliquis,
Cic. Phil. 8, 9:
exspectabam aliquem meorum,
id. Att. 13, 15: succurret fortasse alicui vestrūm, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 1:
trium rerum aliqua consequemur,
Cic. Part. 8, 30:
impetratum ab aliquo vestrūm,
Tac. Or. 15; so Vulg. 1 Cor. 6, 1:
principum aliquis,
Tac. G. 13:
cum popularibus et aliquibus principum,
Liv. 22, 13:
horum aliquid,
Vulg. Lev. 15, 10.—
D.
Aliquid (nom. or acc.), with gen. of a subst. or of a neutr, adj. of second decl. instead of the adj. aliqui, aliqua, aliquod, agreeing with such word:
aliquid pugnae,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 54:
vestimenti aridi,
id. Rud. 2, 6, 16:
consilii,
id. Ep. 2, 2, 71:
monstri,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 15:
scitamentorum,
Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 26:
armorum,
Tac. G. 18:
boni,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 5; Ter. And. 2, 3, 24; Vulg. Joan. 1, 46:
aequi,
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 33:
mali,
Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 60; Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 29:
novi,
Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 1, 1; Vulg. Act. 17, 21:
potionis,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 22:
virium,
Cic. Fam. 11, 18:
falsi,
id. Caecin. 1, 3:
vacui,
Quint. 10, 6, 1:
mdefensi,
Liv. 26, 5 al. —Very rarely in abl.:
aliquo loci morari,
Dig. 18, 7, 1.—
E.
Frequently, esp. in Cic., with the kindred words aliquando, alicubi, aliquo, etc., for the sake of emphasis or rhetorical fulness, Cic. Planc. 14, 35:
asperius locutus est aliquid aliquando,
id. ib. 13, 33; id. Sest. 6, 14; id. Mil. 25, 67:
non despero fore aliquem aliquando,
id. de Or. 1, 21, 95; id. Rep. 1, 9; id. Or. 42, 144; id. Fam. 7, 11 med.: evadat saltem aliquid aliquā, quod conatus sum, Lucil. ap. Non. 293, 1; App. Mag. p. 295, 17 al.—
F.
In conditional clauses with si, nisi, quod si, etc.:
si aliquid de summā gravitate Pompeius dimisisset,
Cic. Phil. 13, 1: si aliquid ( really any thing, in contrast with nihil) dandum est voluptati, id. Sen. 13, 44: quod si non possimus aliquid proficere suadendo, Lucc. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 14, 5:
Quod si de iis aliqui remanserint,
Vulg. Lev. 26, 39:
si quando aliquid tamquam aliqua fabella narratur,
Cic. de Or. 2, 59:
si quis vobis aliquid dixerit,
Vulg. Matt. 21, 3; ib. Luc. 19, 8:
si aliquem, cui narraret, habuisset,
Cic. Lael. 23, 88:
si aliquem nacti sumus, cujus, etc.,
id. ib. 8, 27:
cui (puero) si aliquid erit,
id. Fam. 14, 1:
nisi alicui suorum negotium daret,
Nep. Dion, 8, 2:
si aliquid eorum praestitit,
Liv. 24, 8.—
G.
In negative clauses with ne:
Pompeius cavebat omnia, no aliquid vos timeretis,
Cic. Mil. 24, 66:
ne, si tibi sit pecunia adempta, aliquis dicat,
Nep. Epam. 4, 4:
ne alicui dicerent,
Vulg. Luc. 8, 46.—
H.
In Plaut. and Ter. collect. with a plur. verb (cf. tis, Matth. Gr. 673): aperite atque Erotium aliquis evocate, open, some one (of you), etc., Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 111 (cf. id. Ps. 5, 1, 37:
me adesse quis nuntiate): aperite aliquis actutum ostium,
Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 27.—
I.
In Verg. once with the second person sing.:
Exoriare aliquis nostris ex ossibus ultor, Qui face Dardanios ferroque sequare colonos,
Verg. A. 4, 625.
► In the following passages, with the critical authority added, aliquis seems to stand for the adj.
aliqui, as nemo sometimes stands with a noun for the adj. nullus:
nos quibus est alicunde aliquis objectus labos,
Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 6 Fleck.;
Et ait idem, ut aliquis metus adjunctus sit ad gratiam,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 7, 24 B. and K.:
num igitur aliquis dolor in corpore est?
id. Tusc. 1, 34, 82 iid.:
ut aliquis nos deus tolleret,
id. Am. 23, 87 iid.: sin casus aliquis interpellārit, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8 iid.:
si deus aliquis vitas repente mutāsset,
Tac. Or. 41 Halm:
sic est aliquis oratorum campus,
id. ib. 39 id.:
sive sensus aliquis argutā sententiā effulsit,
id. ib. 20 id. A similar use of aliquid for the adj. aliquod was asserted to exist in Plaut. by Lind. ad Cic. Inv. 2, 6, 399, and this is repeated by Klotz, s. v. aliquis, but Lemaire's Index gives only one instance: ni occupo aliquid mihi consilium, Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 94, where Brix now reads aliquod.
II.
Esp.
A.
With alius, aliud: some or any other, something else, any thing else:
dum aliud aliquid flagitii conficiat,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 2, 5:
potest fieri, ut alius aliquis Cornelius sit,
Cic. Fragm. B. VI. 21:
ut per alium aliquem te ipsum ulciscantur,
id. Div. in Caecil. 6, 22:
non est in alio aliquo salus,
Vulg. Act. 4, 12:
aliquid aliud promittere,
Petr. 10, 5 al. —
B.
And with the idea of alius implied, in opp. to a definite object or objects, some or any other, something else, any thing else: aut ture aut vino aut aliqui (abl.) semper supplicat, Plaut. Aul prol. 24:
vellem aliquid Antonio praeter illum libellum libuisset scribere,
Cic. Brut. 44:
aut ipse occurrebat aut aliquos mittebat,
Liv. 34, 38:
cum seditionem sedare vellem, cum frumentum imperarem..., cum aliquid denique rei publicae causā gererem,
Cic. Verr. 1, 27, 20: commentabar declamitans saepe cum M. Pisone et cum Q. Pompeio aut cum aliquo cotidie id. Brut. 90, 310; Vell. 1, 17; Tac. A. 1, 4: (Tiberius) neque spectacula omnino edidit;
et iis, quae ab aliquo ederentur, rarissime interfuit,
Suet. Tib. 47.—
C.
In a pregn. signif. as in Gr. tis, ti, something considerable, important, or great = aliquid magnum (v. supra. I. B.; cf. in Gr. hoti oiesthe ti poiein ouden poiountes, Plat. Symp. 1, 4):
non omnia in ducis, aliquid et in militum manu esse,
Liv. 45, 36.—Hence, esp.,
1.
Esse aliquem or aliquid, to be somebody or something, i. e to be of some worth, value, or note, to be esteemed:
atque fac, ut me velis esse aliquem,
Cic. Att. 3, 15 fin.:
aude aliquid brevibus Gyaris dignum, si vis esse aliquis,
Juv. 1, 73:
an quidquam stultius quam quos singulos contemnas, eos esse aliquid putare universos?
Cic. Tusc. 5, 36, 104:
exstitit Theodas dicens se esse aliquem,
Vulg. Act. 5, 36: si umquam in dicendo fuimus aliquid. Cic. Att. 4, 2:
ego quoque aliquid sum,
id. Fam. 6, 18:
qui videbantur aliquid esse,
Vulg. Gal. 2, 2; 2, 6: quod te cum Culeone scribis de privilegio locutum, est aliquid ( it is something, it is no trifle):
sed, etc.,
Cic. Att. 3, 15: est istuc quidem aliquid, sed, etc.; id. Sen. 3; id. Cat. 1, 4:
est aliquid nupsisse Jovi,
Ov. F. 6, 27:
Est aliquid de tot Graiorum milibus unum A Diomede legi,
id. M. 13, 241:
est aliquid unius sese dominum fecisse lacertae,
Juv. 3, 230:
omina sunt aliquid,
Ov. Am. 1, 12, 3; so,
crimen abesse,
id. F. 1, 484:
Sunt aliquid Manes,
Prop. 5, 7, 1:
est aliquid eloquentia,
Quint. 1, prooem. fin. —
2.
Dicere aliquid, like legein ti, to say something worth the while:
diceres aliquid et magno quidem philosopho dignum,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 16, 35; cf. Herm. ad Vig. 731; 755; so, assequi aliquid, to effect something considerable:
Etenim si nunc aliquid assequi se putant, qui ostium Ponti viderunt,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 20, 45.—
3.
In colloquial lang.: fiet aliquid, something important or great, will, may come to pass or happen: Ch. Invenietur, exquiretur, aliquid fiet. Eu. Enicas. Jam istuc aliquid fiet, metuo, Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 25:
mane, aliquid fiet, ne abi,
id. Truc. 2, 4, 15; Ter. And. 2, 1, 14.—
D.
Ad aliquid esse, in gram. lang., to refer or relate to something else, e. g. pater, filius, frater, etc. (v. ad):
idem cum interrogantur, cur aper apri et pater patris faciat, il lud nomen positum, hoc ad aliquid esse contendunt,
Quint. 1, 6, 13 Halm.—
E.
Atque aliquis, poet. in imitation of hôide de tis, and thus some one (Hom. II. 7, 178;
7, 201 al.): Atque aliquis, magno quaerens exempla timori, Non alios, inquit, motus, etc.,
Luc. 2, 67 Web.; Stat. Th. 1, 171; Claud. Eutr. 1, 350.—
F.
It is sometimes omitted before qui, esp. in the phrase est qui, sunt qui:
praemittebatque de stipulatoribus suis, qui perscrutarentur, etc.,
Cic. Off. 2, 7, 25:
sunt quibus in satirā videar nimis acer,
Hor. S. 2, 1, 1:
sunt qui adiciant his evidentiam, quae, etc.,
Quint. 4, 2, § 63 (cf. on the contr. § 69: verum in his quoque confessionibus est aliquid. quod ex invidiā detrahi possit).—
G.
Aliquid, like nihil (q. v. I. g), is used of persons:
Hinc ad Antonium nemo, illinc ad Caesarem cotidie aliquid transfugiebat,
Vell. 2, 84, 2 (cf. in Gr. tôn d allôn ou per ti... oute theôn out anthrôpôn, Hom. H. Ven. 34 sq. Herm.).— Hence the advv.
A.
ălĭquid (prop. acc. denoting in what respect, with a verb or [p. 89] adj.; so in Gr. ti), somewhat, in something, in some degree, to some extent:
illud vereor, ne tibi illum succensere aliquid suspicere,
Cic. Deiot. 13, 35:
si in me aliquid offendistis,
at all, in any respect, id. Mil. 36, 99:
quos tamen aliquid usus ac disciplina sublevarent,
somewhat, Caes. B. G. 1, 40:
Philippi regnum officere aliquid videtur libertati vestrae,
Liv. 31, 29:
Nos aliquid Rutulos contra juvisse nefandum est?
Verg. A. 10, 84:
neque circumcisio aliquid valet,
Vulg. Gal. 6, 15:
perlucens jam aliquid, incerta tamen lux,
Liv. 41, 2:
aliquid et spatio fessus,
Plin. 5, 9, 10, § 54; cf. Hand, Turs. I. p. 259; Ellendt ad Cic. de Or. 1, 9, 35.—
B.
ălĭquō (from aliquoi, old dat. denoting direction whither; cf.: eo, quo, alio, etc.).
1.
Somewhither (arch.), to some place, somewhere; in the comic poets sometimes also with a subst. added, which designates the place more definitely:
ut aliquo ex urbe amoveas,
Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 94:
aliquo abicere,
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 26:
concludere,
id. Eun. 4, 3, 25 (cf. id. Ad. 4, 2, 13, in cellam aliquam concludere):
ab eorum oculis aliquo concederes,
Cic. Cat. 1, 17:
demigrandum potius aliquo est quam, etc.,
id. Dom. 100:
aliquem aliquo impellere,
id. Vatin. 15:
aliquo exire,
id. Q. Fr. 3, 1:
aliquo advenire vel sicunde discedere,
Suet. Calig. 4; Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 51; id. Men. 5, 1, 3:
in angulum Aliquo abire,
Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 10; 3, 3, 6:
aliquem rus aliquo educere,
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 3.—With a gen., like quo, ubi, etc.: migrandum Rhodum aut aliquo terrarum, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 1, 5.—
2.
With the idea of alio implied, = alio quo, somewhere else, to some other place (cf. aliquis, II. B.):
dum proficiscor aliquo,
Ter. And. 2, 1, 28:
at certe ut hinc concedas aliquo,
id. Heaut. 3, 3, 11:
si te parentes timerent atque odissent tui, ab eorum oculis aliquo concederes,
Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 17; cf. Hand, Turs. I. p. 265.—
C.
ălĭquam, adv. (prop. acc. fem.), = in aliquam partem, in some degree; only in connection with diu, multus, and plures.
1.
Aliquam diu (B. and K.), or together aliquamdiu (Madv., Halm, Dietsch), awhile, for a while, for some time; also pregn., for some considerable time (most freq. in the histt., esp. Cæs. and Livy; also in Cic.).
a.
Absol.:
ut non aliquando condemnatum esse Oppianicum, sed aliquam diu incolumem fuisse miremini,
Cic. Clu. 9, 25:
Aristum Athenis audivit aliquam diu,
id. Ac. 1, 3, 12:
in vincula conjectus est, in quibus aliquamdiu fuit,
Nep. Con. 5, 3;
id. Dion, 3, 1: quā in parte rex affuit, ibi aliquamdiu certatum,
Sall. J. 74, 3; Liv. 3, 70, 4.—
b.
Often followed by deinde, postea, postremo, tandem, etc.:
pugnatur aliquamdiu pari contentione: deinde, etc., Auct. B. G. 8, 19, 3: cunctati aliquamdiu sunt: pudor deinde commovit aciem,
Liv. 2, 10, 9; so id. 1, 16:
quos aliquamdiu inermos timuissent, hos postea armatos superāssent,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 6:
controversia aliquamdiu fuit: postremo, etc.,
Liv. 3, 32, 7; 25, 15, 14; 45, 6, 6:
ibi aliquamdiu atrox pugna stetit: tandem, etc.,
Liv. 29, 2, 15; 34, 28, 4 and 11; Suet. Ner. 6.—
* c.
With donec, as a more definite limitation of time, some time... until, a considerable time... until:
exanimis aliquamdiu jacuit, donec, etc.,
Suet. Caes. 82. —
d.
Meton., for a long distance; most freq. of rivers:
Rhodanus aliquamdiu Gallias dirimit,
Mel. 2, 5, 5; so id. 3, 5, 6; 3, 9, 8 al.—Of the Corycian cave in Cilicia:
deinde aliquamdiu perspicuus, mox, et quo magis subitur, obscurior,
Mel. 1, 13.—
2.
Aliquam multi, or aliquammulti, somewhat many, considerable in number or quantity (mostly post-class.):
sunt vestrūm aliquam multi, qui L. Pisonem cognōrunt,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 56 B. and K.: aliquammultos non comparuisse, * Gell. 3, 10, 17 Hertz:
aliquammultis diebus decumbo,
App. Mag. p. 320, 10.—Also adv.: aliquam multum, something much, to a considerable distance, considerably:
sed haec defensio, ut dixi, aliquam multum a me remota est,
App. Mag. p. 276, 7 dub.—And comp. * aliquam plures, somewhat more, considerably more:
aliquam pluribus et amarioribus perorantem,
Tert. Apol. 12 dub.; cf. Hand, Turs. I. p. 243.—
D.
ălĭquā, adv. (prop. abl. fem.).
1.
Somewhere (like mod. Engl. somewhere for somewhither):
antevenito aliquā aliquos,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 66: aliquā evolare si posset, * Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 67:
si quā evasissent aliquā,
Liv. 26, 27, 12.—
2.
Transf. to action, in some way or other, in some manner, = aliquo modo:
aliquid aliquā sentire,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 62: evadere aliquā, Lucil. ap. Non. 293, 1:
aliquid aliquā resciscere,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 19, and 4, 1, 19: aliquā nocere, * Verg. E. 3, 15:
aliquā obesse,
App. Mag. p. 295, 17.—
E.
ălĭqui, adv. (prop. abl. = aliquo modo), in some way, somehow:
Quamquam ego tibi videor stultus, gaudere me aliqui volo,
Plaut. Truc. 5, 30 (but in this and like cases, aliqui may be treated as the abl. subst.; cf. supra, I. A.); cf. Hand, Turs. I. p. 242.
► The forms aliqua, neutr.
plur., and aliquam, acc., and aliquā, abl., used adverbially, may also be referred to the adj. ălĭqui, ălĭqua, ălĭquod.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aliquod
47 breve

brĕvis, e, adj. (abl. breve, Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 2; comp. abl. breviore, Ov. Am. 2, 17, 22) [cf. brachus, Fest. p. 26], short, little, of small extent, in space and time (opp. longus; in space, in good class. prose, diff. from parvus, which designates that which fills a small space in length, breadth, and thickness; while brevis is used only of length in its different directions of breadth, height, or depth; and even of a circle, as merely a line, and without reference to the space enclosed, v. infra. In poets and postAug. prose brevis sometimes = parvus).
I.
Lit., in space.
A.
In distance, extent, short, little, small, narrow (opp. latus), Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 92:
brevior via,
Nep. Eum. 8, 5; Tib. 1, 10, 4:
via brevis,
Verg. E. 9, 23; Ov. M. 5, 253; Juv. 14, 223:
cursus brevissimus,
Verg. A. 3, 507:
brevius iter,
Ov. P. 1, 4, 32:
cursu brevissimus Almo,
id. M. 14, 329:
quid mihi, quod lato non separor aequore, prodest? Num minus haec nobis tam brevis obstat aqua?
so narrow a stream, id. H. 18, 174; cf.
also brevis unda, opp. latum mare,
id. ib. 19, 141 and 142:
non Asiam brevioris aquae disterminat usquam fluctus ab Europā,
Luc. 9, 957 (strictioris, Schol.); cf. id. 9, 317:
brevissima terra,
Plin. Ep. 10, 69, 2:
in Euboico scopulus brevis emicat altō Gurgite,
a small, narrow rock, Ov. M. 9, 226:
brevibus Gyaris,
Juv. 1, 73:
scis In breve te cogi (sc. libellum),
that you are closely rolled together, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 8:
quo brevius valent,
the nearer, the more powerful are they in conflict, Tac. A. 6, 35.—
2.
Trop. of the journey of life:
quid est, quod in hoc tam exiguo vitae curriculo et tam brevi tantis nos in laboribus exerceamus?
Cic. Arch. 11, 28; cf.:
vitae brevis cursus, gloriae sempiternus,
id. Sest. 21, 47:
tum brevior dirae mortis aperta via est,
Tib. 1, 10, 4.—And poet. of the thread of life:
fila vitae breviora,
Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 46. —
B.
In height, short, small, low (opp. altus and sometimes longus);
of the human figure: sed sedebat judex L. Aurifex, brevior ipse quam testis,
Cic. de Or. 2, 60, 245:
ut statura breves in digitos eriguntur,
Quint. 2, 3, 8:
forma,
Ov. M. 5, 457:
(puella) longa brevisque,
id. Am. 2, 4, 36:
brevis corpore,
Suet. Galb. 3;
id. Vit. Hor.—Of a maiden changed to a boy: et incomptis brevior mensura capillis,
Ov. M. 9, 789.—
Of other things: ut pleraque Alpium ab Italiā sicut breviora, ita arrectiora sunt,
lower, Liv. 21, 35, 11:
brevior ilex,
Sen. Herc. Oet. 1641:
mus,
little, Ov. F. 2, 574. —
C.
In depth, small, little, shallow (opp. profundus):
puteus,
Juv. 3, 226:
vada,
Verg. A. 5, 221; Sen. Agam. 570.—Hence, subst.: brĕvia, ium, n., as in Gr. ta brachea, shallow places, shallows, shoals:
tris Eurus ab alto In brevia et syrtis urget,
Verg. A. 1, 111 (brevia vadosa dicit, per quae vadi pedibus potest, Serv.); Luc. 9, 338: neque discerni poterant incerta ab solidis, brevia a profundis, Tac. A. 1, 70:
brevia litorum,
id. ib. 6, 33 fin. —Perh. also in sing.:
breve,
Tac. A. 14, 29 Draeg. ad loc. (Ritter, brevia; al. breve litus).—
2.
Trop.:
brevia, in quibus volutatur, incerta, ancipitia,
difficulties, Sen. Ep. 22, 7.—
D.
Of the line of a circle:
ubi circulus (i.e. arcticus) axem Ultimus extremum spatioque brevissimus ambit,
makes the shortest path, Ov. M. 2, 517; cf.
of similar orbits, of stars: absides breviores,
Plin. 2. 15, 13, §
63.—Of the circular course of a horse on the track: discit gyro breviore flecti,
Sen. Hippol. 314. —
II.
Transf., of time.
A.
Lit. (the usu. signif. of the word), short, brief, small, little.
1.
In gen.:
quanto, nox, fuisti longior hac proxumā, Tanto brevior dies ut fiat faciam,
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 51:
breve spatium'st perferundi quae minitas mihi,
id. Capt. 3, 5, 85:
brevis hora,
Lucr. 4, 179; so Ov. M. 4, 696: Pa. Brevin' an longinquo sermone? Mi. Tribus verbis, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 30:
occasio,
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 57; Phaedr. 5, 8, 5:
brevis hic est fructus homulleis,
short is this enjoyment for little men, Lucr. 3, 927; cf.:
MORS. PERFECIT. TVA. VT. TIBE. ESSENT. OMNIA. BREVIA. HONOS. FAMA. VIRTVSQVE. GLORIA. ATQVE. INGENIVM.,
Inscr. Orell. 558:
omnia brevia tolerabilia esse debent,
Cic. Lael. 27, 104; id. Fin. 1, 12, 40; 2, 29, 94; id. Tusc. 1, 39, 94; Sen. Ira, 3, 43, 5:
quoniam vita brevis est, memoriam nostri quam maxime longam efficere,
Sall. C. 1, 3; so,
vitae summa brevis spem nos vetat incohare longam,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 15; cf. id. ib. 1, 11, 6:
aut omnia breviora aliquanto fuere, aut Saguntum principio anni captum,
occupied a shorter time, Liv. 21, 15, 5:
brevissimum tempus,
id. 5, 6, 7:
detrimentum,
Quint. 11, 1, 10:
arbitrium mortis,
Tac. A. 15, 60:
breves populi Romani amores,
id. ib. 2, 41:
tempus,
Suet. Ner. 20 al.:
nobis quom semel occidit brevis lux, nox est perpetua una dormienda,
Cat. 5, 5:
fructus,
Lucr. 3, 914:
aevum,
Hor. C. 2, 16, 17; id. S. 2, 6, 97; id. Ep. 2, 1, 144; Plin. Pan. 78, 2:
anni,
Hor. C. 4, 13, 22:
ver,
Ov. M. 1, 118; 10, 85:
flores rosae,
quickly withering, short-lived, Hor. C. 2, 3, 13:
lilium,
id. ib. 1, 36, 16:
cena,
frugal, id. Ep. 1, 14, 35:
mensa,
id. A. P. 198:
dominus,
living but a short time, id. C. 2, 14, 24:
stultitia,
id. ib. 4, 12, 27:
ira furor brevis est,
id. Ep. 1, 2, 62:
actio brevis atque concisa,
Quint. 6, 4, 2:
somnus,
Sen. Troad. 441:
nec gratius quicquam decore nec brevius,
nothing is more acceptable, but nothing more perishable, fading, than beauty, Suet. Dom. 18:
domus,
Sen. Hippol. 762:
fortuna,
Sil. 4, 734.—
2.
Esp.
a.
Comp. brevius, with subj. clause, shorter, i.e. easier, more convenient:
brevius visum urbana crimina incipi, quorum obvii testes erant,
Tac. A. 13, 43: modo ne existimes brevius esse ab urbe mitti, Trag. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 40 (49), 3.—
b.
In brevi spatio, brevi spatio, in brevi tempore, brevi tempore, and absol. brevi or in brevi, in a short time, shortly (before or after) (brevi tempore and brevi are class.; the latter, as in Gr. en brachei, to be considered as neuter, without supplying tempore):
inque brevi spatio mutantur saecla animantum,
Lucr. 2, 77; so Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 2; Suet. Claud. 12; id. Ner. 30; cf.:
in multo breviore temporis spatio,
id. Aug. 22:
multa brevi spatio simulacra geruntur,
Lucr. 4, 160; Sall. J. 87, 3:
spatio brevi,
Hor. C. 1, 11, 6:
res publica per vos brevi tempore jus suum recuperabit,
Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; 5, 21, 2; id. Tusc. 2, 2, 5; Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 11; Nep. Milt. 2, 1; id. Them. 1, 4; Suet. Caes. 3:
sic ille affectus, brevi postea est mortuus,
soon after, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142 (Zumpt;
acc. to MSS. perbrevi).—So brevi post = paulo post: brevi post Marcellus Romam venit,
Liv. 33, 37, 9; 24, 3, 14:
brevi deinde,
id. 24, 4, 9: (Britanni) tantum usu cotidiano et exercitatione efficiunt, uti in declivi ac praecipiti loco incitatos equos sustinere et brevi ( in a short time, i.e. with great rapidity) moderari ac flectere consuerint, Caes. B. G. 4, 33 fin. Herz. and Held.:
fama tanti facinoris per omnem Africam brevi divolgatur,
Sall. J. 13, 1; Nep. Them. 4, 4:
mirantur tam brevi rem Romanam crevisse,
Liv. 1, 9, 9:
brevi omnia subegit,
Suet. Caes. 34; so id. Aug. 17; 65; id. Vesp. 5; id. Gram. 3; Gell. 1, 15, 18: scire in brevi, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 186 P.; Flor. 1, 1, 15.—
c.
Brevi, a short time, a little while: [p. 251] cunctatusque brevi, contortam viribus hastam in Persea misit, Ov. M. 5, 32; cf.:
illa brevi spatio silet,
id. ib. 7, 307; so,
* breve,
Cat. 61, 187.—
d.
Ad breve, for a short time, Suet. Tib. 68; cf.:
ad breve quoddam tempus,
Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 31.—
B.
Transf. to things done or taking place in a short time; so most freq.
1.
Of discourse, short, brief, concise (most freq. in Cic. and Quint.):
narratio,
Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 28; id. de Or. 3, 50, 196: laudatio;
comprehensio et ambitus ille verborum erat apud illum contractus et brevis,
id. Brut. 44, 162; cf. id. de Or. 2, 80, 326:
nunc venio ad illa tua brevia: et primum illud, quo nihil potest esse brevius: bonum omne laudabile, etc.,
id. Fin. 4, 18, 48:
quam falsa re! quam brevia responsu!
id. Clu. 59, 164: urbanitas est virtus quaedam in breve dictum coacta, Dom. Mars. ap. Quint. 6, 3, 104:
Homerus brevem eloquentiam Menelao dedit,
Quint. 12, 10, 64 (brevis = ou polumuthos, Hom. Il. 3, 214):
breviores commentarii,
Quint. 3, 8, 58:
annotatio,
id. 10, 7, 31:
brevia illa atque concisa,
id. 10, 7, 10; so,
sententiae,
id. 10, 1, 60:
causae,
id. 6, 1, 8:
docendi compendia,
id. 1, 1, 24:
comprehensiones,
id. 12, 2, 19:
quod ut brevissimo pateat exemplo,
id. 3, 6, 10: commendatio, requiring few words, i.e. moderate, Plin. 11, 42, 97, § 240.— Meton. of a speaker or orator, brief:
multos imitatio brevitatis decipit, ut cum se breves putent esse, longissimi sint,
Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 38:
brevior in scribendo,
id. Att. 5, 6, 2:
brevis esse laboro, Obscurus fio,
Hor. A. P. 25:
in eloquendo brevis,
Quint. 10, 1, 63:
densus et brevis et semper instans sibi Thucydides,
id. 10, 1, 73.—Hence, brĕvī, adv., briefly, in few words (freq. and class.):
brevi pro breviter M. Tullius de Orat. ad Quintum fratrem (1, 8, 34): ac ne plura quidem quae sunt innumerabilia consecter, comprehendam brevi,
Charis. p. 176 P.:
id percurram brevi,
Cic. Caecin. 32, 94:
aliquid explicare,
id. Planc. 40, 95 Wund.:
circumscribere et definire,
id. Sest. 45, 97; so id. ib. 5, 12 Orell. N. cr.; id. Fin. 1, 17, 55:
complecti,
id. de Or. 1, 42, 190:
exponere,
id. ib. 1, 46, 203:
reprehendere,
id. Inv. 1, 9, 12:
reddere,
id. Leg. 2, 14, 34:
respondere,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 1:
perscribere,
id. ib. 4, 5, 1; so Auct. Her. 4, 26, 35; 35, 47 al.; cf.:
in brevi,
Quint. 9, 4, 32.—So once in epistolary style: breve facere, to be short or brief:
quid scribam? breve faciam,
Cic. Att. 11, 7, 6; cf.:
longum est ea dicere, sed hoc breve dicam,
id. Sest. 5, 12.—Once, in breve cogere (diff. from I. A.), to comprise in few words, bring into a small compass:
in breve coactae causae,
Liv. 39, 47, 5; cf.:
in breve coactio causae,
Gai. Inst. 4, 15.— In late Lat. subst.: brĕvis, is, m. (sc. liber—acc. to another reading, brĕve, is, n.), a short catalogue, summary, = breviarium:
brevis nominum,
Vop. Aur. 36; so id. Bonos. 15; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 21; Hier. Ep. 5, n. 2 al.—
2.
Of a short syllable;
rarely as adj.: Syllaba longa brevi subjecta vocatur iambus,
Hor. A. P. 251:
a brevis, gre brevis, faciet tamen longam priorem,
Quint. 9, 4, 86 et saep.—More freq. subst.: brĕvis, is, f. (sc. syllaba):
dactylus, qui est e longā et duabus brevibus,
Cic. Or. 64, 217 sq.:
in fine pro longā accipi brevem,
Quint. 9, 4, 93; 9, 4, 86:
plurimum habent celeritatis breves,
id. 9, 4, 91.—
Hence also once of a syllable long by position, but pronounced short: indoctus dicimus brevi primā litterā, insanus productā: inhumanus brevi, infelix longā,
Cic. Or. 48, 159 Meyer N. cr.; cf. Gell. 2, 17 sqq., and Schütz Lex. Cic. s. v. brevis.—
C.
For parvus, exiguus, little, small:
exigua pars brevisque,
Lucr. 5, 591:
Canidia brevibus implicata viperis,
Hor. Epod. 5, 15:
Alecto brevibus torquata colubris,
Ov. H. 2, 119:
brevi latere ac pede longo est,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 93; cf.
just before: breve quod caput, ardua cervix, v. 89, and brevis alvus,
Verg. G. 3, 80 (on the other hand, Nemes. 244:
parvae alvi): mus,
Ov. F. 2, 574:
forma (sc. pueri in stellionem mutati),
id. M. 5, 457.—
So, lapathi herba,
Hor. S. 2, 4, 29 (brevis = parva, non excrescens in altum, Schol. Cruqu.):
folia breviora,
id. Ep. 1, 19, 26 (minor corona, Schol. Cruqu.):
census,
id. C. 2, 15, 13:
pondus,
id. S. 2, 2, 37:
impensa,
Ov. H. 7, 188 Ruhnk.:
sigillum,
id. M. 6, 86:
insulae,
Pall. 1, 28, 1; cf. Juv. 1, 73: vasculum, Pall. Apr. 8, 4:
offulae,
id. 1, 29, 4:
pantheris in candido breves macularum oculi,
Plin. 8, 17, 23, § 62.—With nom. abstr.:
breve in exiguo marmore nomen ero,
Prop. 2, 1, 72; Sen. Oedip. 935.—So, pondus, Hor. S. 2, 2, 37 al.—Hence, brĕ-vĭter, adv., shortly, briefly, etc.
1.
Of space (acc. to I.) (rare): seu libeat, curvo brevius convertere gyro, shorter, i. e. in a smaller circle, Tib. 4, 1, 94:
parvo brevius quam totus,
a little less than the whole, Plin. 2, 67, 67, § 168:
Sarmatae, omisso arcu, quo brevius valent, contis gladiisque ruerent,
Tac. A. 6, 35.—Far more freq. in prose and poetry,
2.
(Acc. to II. A. b. and c.) Of time, in a short time.
a.
In gen.:
iratum breviter vites, inimicum diu, Publ. Syr. v. 249 Rib.: sapiens, cum breviter et strictim colore atque vultu motus est,
Gell. 19, 1, 20.—
b.
Esp.
(α).
In expression, briefly, in brief, in few words, concisely, summarily:
sed breviter paucis praestat comprendere multa,
Lucr. 6, 1082: multa breviter et commode dicta (sc. apophthegmata; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104) memoriae mandabam, Cic. Lael. 1, 1:
rem totam breviter cognoscite,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 169; 2, 3, 27, § 67; so id. de Or. 2, 83, 340:
summatim breviterque describere,
id. Or. 15, 50:
breviter tangere,
id. Off. 3, 2, 8 Beier N. cr.:
breviter et modice disserere,
Sall. J. 111, 1:
adicere aliquid,
Quint. 9, 3, 100; cf. also Verg. A. 2, 11; 4, 632; 6, 321; Ov. M. 2, 783:
omnia soli Forsan Pacuvio breviter dabit (i.e. paucis testamenti verbis, quibus heres ex asse scribetur),
Juv. 12, 125 Web. (cf. id. 1, 68: beatum exiguis tabulis).— Comp., Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 26; Quint. 8, prooem. § 1; 8, 6, 61; 9, 2, 16; 10, 1, 49; 11, 1, 5 al.— Sup., Cic. N. D. 2, 1, 3; id. Div. 1, 32, 70; Quint. 1, 10, 1; 4, 2, 113 al.—
(β).
Of syllables:
quibus in verbis eae primae litterae sunt quae in sapiente atque felice, producte dicitur, in ceteris omnibus breviter,
Cic. Or. 48, 159.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > breve
48 brevi

brĕvis, e, adj. (abl. breve, Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 2; comp. abl. breviore, Ov. Am. 2, 17, 22) [cf. brachus, Fest. p. 26], short, little, of small extent, in space and time (opp. longus; in space, in good class. prose, diff. from parvus, which designates that which fills a small space in length, breadth, and thickness; while brevis is used only of length in its different directions of breadth, height, or depth; and even of a circle, as merely a line, and without reference to the space enclosed, v. infra. In poets and postAug. prose brevis sometimes = parvus).
I.
Lit., in space.
A.
In distance, extent, short, little, small, narrow (opp. latus), Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 92:
brevior via,
Nep. Eum. 8, 5; Tib. 1, 10, 4:
via brevis,
Verg. E. 9, 23; Ov. M. 5, 253; Juv. 14, 223:
cursus brevissimus,
Verg. A. 3, 507:
brevius iter,
Ov. P. 1, 4, 32:
cursu brevissimus Almo,
id. M. 14, 329:
quid mihi, quod lato non separor aequore, prodest? Num minus haec nobis tam brevis obstat aqua?
so narrow a stream, id. H. 18, 174; cf.
also brevis unda, opp. latum mare,
id. ib. 19, 141 and 142:
non Asiam brevioris aquae disterminat usquam fluctus ab Europā,
Luc. 9, 957 (strictioris, Schol.); cf. id. 9, 317:
brevissima terra,
Plin. Ep. 10, 69, 2:
in Euboico scopulus brevis emicat altō Gurgite,
a small, narrow rock, Ov. M. 9, 226:
brevibus Gyaris,
Juv. 1, 73:
scis In breve te cogi (sc. libellum),
that you are closely rolled together, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 8:
quo brevius valent,
the nearer, the more powerful are they in conflict, Tac. A. 6, 35.—
2.
Trop. of the journey of life:
quid est, quod in hoc tam exiguo vitae curriculo et tam brevi tantis nos in laboribus exerceamus?
Cic. Arch. 11, 28; cf.:
vitae brevis cursus, gloriae sempiternus,
id. Sest. 21, 47:
tum brevior dirae mortis aperta via est,
Tib. 1, 10, 4.—And poet. of the thread of life:
fila vitae breviora,
Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 46. —
B.
In height, short, small, low (opp. altus and sometimes longus);
of the human figure: sed sedebat judex L. Aurifex, brevior ipse quam testis,
Cic. de Or. 2, 60, 245:
ut statura breves in digitos eriguntur,
Quint. 2, 3, 8:
forma,
Ov. M. 5, 457:
(puella) longa brevisque,
id. Am. 2, 4, 36:
brevis corpore,
Suet. Galb. 3;
id. Vit. Hor.—Of a maiden changed to a boy: et incomptis brevior mensura capillis,
Ov. M. 9, 789.—
Of other things: ut pleraque Alpium ab Italiā sicut breviora, ita arrectiora sunt,
lower, Liv. 21, 35, 11:
brevior ilex,
Sen. Herc. Oet. 1641:
mus,
little, Ov. F. 2, 574. —
C.
In depth, small, little, shallow (opp. profundus):
puteus,
Juv. 3, 226:
vada,
Verg. A. 5, 221; Sen. Agam. 570.—Hence, subst.: brĕvia, ium, n., as in Gr. ta brachea, shallow places, shallows, shoals:
tris Eurus ab alto In brevia et syrtis urget,
Verg. A. 1, 111 (brevia vadosa dicit, per quae vadi pedibus potest, Serv.); Luc. 9, 338: neque discerni poterant incerta ab solidis, brevia a profundis, Tac. A. 1, 70:
brevia litorum,
id. ib. 6, 33 fin. —Perh. also in sing.:
breve,
Tac. A. 14, 29 Draeg. ad loc. (Ritter, brevia; al. breve litus).—
2.
Trop.:
brevia, in quibus volutatur, incerta, ancipitia,
difficulties, Sen. Ep. 22, 7.—
D.
Of the line of a circle:
ubi circulus (i.e. arcticus) axem Ultimus extremum spatioque brevissimus ambit,
makes the shortest path, Ov. M. 2, 517; cf.
of similar orbits, of stars: absides breviores,
Plin. 2. 15, 13, §
63.—Of the circular course of a horse on the track: discit gyro breviore flecti,
Sen. Hippol. 314. —
II.
Transf., of time.
A.
Lit. (the usu. signif. of the word), short, brief, small, little.
1.
In gen.:
quanto, nox, fuisti longior hac proxumā, Tanto brevior dies ut fiat faciam,
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 51:
breve spatium'st perferundi quae minitas mihi,
id. Capt. 3, 5, 85:
brevis hora,
Lucr. 4, 179; so Ov. M. 4, 696: Pa. Brevin' an longinquo sermone? Mi. Tribus verbis, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 30:
occasio,
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 57; Phaedr. 5, 8, 5:
brevis hic est fructus homulleis,
short is this enjoyment for little men, Lucr. 3, 927; cf.:
MORS. PERFECIT. TVA. VT. TIBE. ESSENT. OMNIA. BREVIA. HONOS. FAMA. VIRTVSQVE. GLORIA. ATQVE. INGENIVM.,
Inscr. Orell. 558:
omnia brevia tolerabilia esse debent,
Cic. Lael. 27, 104; id. Fin. 1, 12, 40; 2, 29, 94; id. Tusc. 1, 39, 94; Sen. Ira, 3, 43, 5:
quoniam vita brevis est, memoriam nostri quam maxime longam efficere,
Sall. C. 1, 3; so,
vitae summa brevis spem nos vetat incohare longam,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 15; cf. id. ib. 1, 11, 6:
aut omnia breviora aliquanto fuere, aut Saguntum principio anni captum,
occupied a shorter time, Liv. 21, 15, 5:
brevissimum tempus,
id. 5, 6, 7:
detrimentum,
Quint. 11, 1, 10:
arbitrium mortis,
Tac. A. 15, 60:
breves populi Romani amores,
id. ib. 2, 41:
tempus,
Suet. Ner. 20 al.:
nobis quom semel occidit brevis lux, nox est perpetua una dormienda,
Cat. 5, 5:
fructus,
Lucr. 3, 914:
aevum,
Hor. C. 2, 16, 17; id. S. 2, 6, 97; id. Ep. 2, 1, 144; Plin. Pan. 78, 2:
anni,
Hor. C. 4, 13, 22:
ver,
Ov. M. 1, 118; 10, 85:
flores rosae,
quickly withering, short-lived, Hor. C. 2, 3, 13:
lilium,
id. ib. 1, 36, 16:
cena,
frugal, id. Ep. 1, 14, 35:
mensa,
id. A. P. 198:
dominus,
living but a short time, id. C. 2, 14, 24:
stultitia,
id. ib. 4, 12, 27:
ira furor brevis est,
id. Ep. 1, 2, 62:
actio brevis atque concisa,
Quint. 6, 4, 2:
somnus,
Sen. Troad. 441:
nec gratius quicquam decore nec brevius,
nothing is more acceptable, but nothing more perishable, fading, than beauty, Suet. Dom. 18:
domus,
Sen. Hippol. 762:
fortuna,
Sil. 4, 734.—
2.
Esp.
a.
Comp. brevius, with subj. clause, shorter, i.e. easier, more convenient:
brevius visum urbana crimina incipi, quorum obvii testes erant,
Tac. A. 13, 43: modo ne existimes brevius esse ab urbe mitti, Trag. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 40 (49), 3.—
b.
In brevi spatio, brevi spatio, in brevi tempore, brevi tempore, and absol. brevi or in brevi, in a short time, shortly (before or after) (brevi tempore and brevi are class.; the latter, as in Gr. en brachei, to be considered as neuter, without supplying tempore):
inque brevi spatio mutantur saecla animantum,
Lucr. 2, 77; so Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 2; Suet. Claud. 12; id. Ner. 30; cf.:
in multo breviore temporis spatio,
id. Aug. 22:
multa brevi spatio simulacra geruntur,
Lucr. 4, 160; Sall. J. 87, 3:
spatio brevi,
Hor. C. 1, 11, 6:
res publica per vos brevi tempore jus suum recuperabit,
Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; 5, 21, 2; id. Tusc. 2, 2, 5; Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 11; Nep. Milt. 2, 1; id. Them. 1, 4; Suet. Caes. 3:
sic ille affectus, brevi postea est mortuus,
soon after, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142 (Zumpt;
acc. to MSS. perbrevi).—So brevi post = paulo post: brevi post Marcellus Romam venit,
Liv. 33, 37, 9; 24, 3, 14:
brevi deinde,
id. 24, 4, 9: (Britanni) tantum usu cotidiano et exercitatione efficiunt, uti in declivi ac praecipiti loco incitatos equos sustinere et brevi ( in a short time, i.e. with great rapidity) moderari ac flectere consuerint, Caes. B. G. 4, 33 fin. Herz. and Held.:
fama tanti facinoris per omnem Africam brevi divolgatur,
Sall. J. 13, 1; Nep. Them. 4, 4:
mirantur tam brevi rem Romanam crevisse,
Liv. 1, 9, 9:
brevi omnia subegit,
Suet. Caes. 34; so id. Aug. 17; 65; id. Vesp. 5; id. Gram. 3; Gell. 1, 15, 18: scire in brevi, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 186 P.; Flor. 1, 1, 15.—
c.
Brevi, a short time, a little while: [p. 251] cunctatusque brevi, contortam viribus hastam in Persea misit, Ov. M. 5, 32; cf.:
illa brevi spatio silet,
id. ib. 7, 307; so,
* breve,
Cat. 61, 187.—
d.
Ad breve, for a short time, Suet. Tib. 68; cf.:
ad breve quoddam tempus,
Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 31.—
B.
Transf. to things done or taking place in a short time; so most freq.
1.
Of discourse, short, brief, concise (most freq. in Cic. and Quint.):
narratio,
Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 28; id. de Or. 3, 50, 196: laudatio;
comprehensio et ambitus ille verborum erat apud illum contractus et brevis,
id. Brut. 44, 162; cf. id. de Or. 2, 80, 326:
nunc venio ad illa tua brevia: et primum illud, quo nihil potest esse brevius: bonum omne laudabile, etc.,
id. Fin. 4, 18, 48:
quam falsa re! quam brevia responsu!
id. Clu. 59, 164: urbanitas est virtus quaedam in breve dictum coacta, Dom. Mars. ap. Quint. 6, 3, 104:
Homerus brevem eloquentiam Menelao dedit,
Quint. 12, 10, 64 (brevis = ou polumuthos, Hom. Il. 3, 214):
breviores commentarii,
Quint. 3, 8, 58:
annotatio,
id. 10, 7, 31:
brevia illa atque concisa,
id. 10, 7, 10; so,
sententiae,
id. 10, 1, 60:
causae,
id. 6, 1, 8:
docendi compendia,
id. 1, 1, 24:
comprehensiones,
id. 12, 2, 19:
quod ut brevissimo pateat exemplo,
id. 3, 6, 10: commendatio, requiring few words, i.e. moderate, Plin. 11, 42, 97, § 240.— Meton. of a speaker or orator, brief:
multos imitatio brevitatis decipit, ut cum se breves putent esse, longissimi sint,
Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 38:
brevior in scribendo,
id. Att. 5, 6, 2:
brevis esse laboro, Obscurus fio,
Hor. A. P. 25:
in eloquendo brevis,
Quint. 10, 1, 63:
densus et brevis et semper instans sibi Thucydides,
id. 10, 1, 73.—Hence, brĕvī, adv., briefly, in few words (freq. and class.):
brevi pro breviter M. Tullius de Orat. ad Quintum fratrem (1, 8, 34): ac ne plura quidem quae sunt innumerabilia consecter, comprehendam brevi,
Charis. p. 176 P.:
id percurram brevi,
Cic. Caecin. 32, 94:
aliquid explicare,
id. Planc. 40, 95 Wund.:
circumscribere et definire,
id. Sest. 45, 97; so id. ib. 5, 12 Orell. N. cr.; id. Fin. 1, 17, 55:
complecti,
id. de Or. 1, 42, 190:
exponere,
id. ib. 1, 46, 203:
reprehendere,
id. Inv. 1, 9, 12:
reddere,
id. Leg. 2, 14, 34:
respondere,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 1:
perscribere,
id. ib. 4, 5, 1; so Auct. Her. 4, 26, 35; 35, 47 al.; cf.:
in brevi,
Quint. 9, 4, 32.—So once in epistolary style: breve facere, to be short or brief:
quid scribam? breve faciam,
Cic. Att. 11, 7, 6; cf.:
longum est ea dicere, sed hoc breve dicam,
id. Sest. 5, 12.—Once, in breve cogere (diff. from I. A.), to comprise in few words, bring into a small compass:
in breve coactae causae,
Liv. 39, 47, 5; cf.:
in breve coactio causae,
Gai. Inst. 4, 15.— In late Lat. subst.: brĕvis, is, m. (sc. liber—acc. to another reading, brĕve, is, n.), a short catalogue, summary, = breviarium:
brevis nominum,
Vop. Aur. 36; so id. Bonos. 15; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 21; Hier. Ep. 5, n. 2 al.—
2.
Of a short syllable;
rarely as adj.: Syllaba longa brevi subjecta vocatur iambus,
Hor. A. P. 251:
a brevis, gre brevis, faciet tamen longam priorem,
Quint. 9, 4, 86 et saep.—More freq. subst.: brĕvis, is, f. (sc. syllaba):
dactylus, qui est e longā et duabus brevibus,
Cic. Or. 64, 217 sq.:
in fine pro longā accipi brevem,
Quint. 9, 4, 93; 9, 4, 86:
plurimum habent celeritatis breves,
id. 9, 4, 91.—
Hence also once of a syllable long by position, but pronounced short: indoctus dicimus brevi primā litterā, insanus productā: inhumanus brevi, infelix longā,
Cic. Or. 48, 159 Meyer N. cr.; cf. Gell. 2, 17 sqq., and Schütz Lex. Cic. s. v. brevis.—
C.
For parvus, exiguus, little, small:
exigua pars brevisque,
Lucr. 5, 591:
Canidia brevibus implicata viperis,
Hor. Epod. 5, 15:
Alecto brevibus torquata colubris,
Ov. H. 2, 119:
brevi latere ac pede longo est,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 93; cf.
just before: breve quod caput, ardua cervix, v. 89, and brevis alvus,
Verg. G. 3, 80 (on the other hand, Nemes. 244:
parvae alvi): mus,
Ov. F. 2, 574:
forma (sc. pueri in stellionem mutati),
id. M. 5, 457.—
So, lapathi herba,
Hor. S. 2, 4, 29 (brevis = parva, non excrescens in altum, Schol. Cruqu.):
folia breviora,
id. Ep. 1, 19, 26 (minor corona, Schol. Cruqu.):
census,
id. C. 2, 15, 13:
pondus,
id. S. 2, 2, 37:
impensa,
Ov. H. 7, 188 Ruhnk.:
sigillum,
id. M. 6, 86:
insulae,
Pall. 1, 28, 1; cf. Juv. 1, 73: vasculum, Pall. Apr. 8, 4:
offulae,
id. 1, 29, 4:
pantheris in candido breves macularum oculi,
Plin. 8, 17, 23, § 62.—With nom. abstr.:
breve in exiguo marmore nomen ero,
Prop. 2, 1, 72; Sen. Oedip. 935.—So, pondus, Hor. S. 2, 2, 37 al.—Hence, brĕ-vĭter, adv., shortly, briefly, etc.
1.
Of space (acc. to I.) (rare): seu libeat, curvo brevius convertere gyro, shorter, i. e. in a smaller circle, Tib. 4, 1, 94:
parvo brevius quam totus,
a little less than the whole, Plin. 2, 67, 67, § 168:
Sarmatae, omisso arcu, quo brevius valent, contis gladiisque ruerent,
Tac. A. 6, 35.—Far more freq. in prose and poetry,
2.
(Acc. to II. A. b. and c.) Of time, in a short time.
a.
In gen.:
iratum breviter vites, inimicum diu, Publ. Syr. v. 249 Rib.: sapiens, cum breviter et strictim colore atque vultu motus est,
Gell. 19, 1, 20.—
b.
Esp.
(α).
In expression, briefly, in brief, in few words, concisely, summarily:
sed breviter paucis praestat comprendere multa,
Lucr. 6, 1082: multa breviter et commode dicta (sc. apophthegmata; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104) memoriae mandabam, Cic. Lael. 1, 1:
rem totam breviter cognoscite,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 169; 2, 3, 27, § 67; so id. de Or. 2, 83, 340:
summatim breviterque describere,
id. Or. 15, 50:
breviter tangere,
id. Off. 3, 2, 8 Beier N. cr.:
breviter et modice disserere,
Sall. J. 111, 1:
adicere aliquid,
Quint. 9, 3, 100; cf. also Verg. A. 2, 11; 4, 632; 6, 321; Ov. M. 2, 783:
omnia soli Forsan Pacuvio breviter dabit (i.e. paucis testamenti verbis, quibus heres ex asse scribetur),
Juv. 12, 125 Web. (cf. id. 1, 68: beatum exiguis tabulis).— Comp., Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 26; Quint. 8, prooem. § 1; 8, 6, 61; 9, 2, 16; 10, 1, 49; 11, 1, 5 al.— Sup., Cic. N. D. 2, 1, 3; id. Div. 1, 32, 70; Quint. 1, 10, 1; 4, 2, 113 al.—
(β).
Of syllables:
quibus in verbis eae primae litterae sunt quae in sapiente atque felice, producte dicitur, in ceteris omnibus breviter,
Cic. Or. 48, 159.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > brevi
49 brevia

brĕvis, e, adj. (abl. breve, Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 2; comp. abl. breviore, Ov. Am. 2, 17, 22) [cf. brachus, Fest. p. 26], short, little, of small extent, in space and time (opp. longus; in space, in good class. prose, diff. from parvus, which designates that which fills a small space in length, breadth, and thickness; while brevis is used only of length in its different directions of breadth, height, or depth; and even of a circle, as merely a line, and without reference to the space enclosed, v. infra. In poets and postAug. prose brevis sometimes = parvus).
I.
Lit., in space.
A.
In distance, extent, short, little, small, narrow (opp. latus), Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 92:
brevior via,
Nep. Eum. 8, 5; Tib. 1, 10, 4:
via brevis,
Verg. E. 9, 23; Ov. M. 5, 253; Juv. 14, 223:
cursus brevissimus,
Verg. A. 3, 507:
brevius iter,
Ov. P. 1, 4, 32:
cursu brevissimus Almo,
id. M. 14, 329:
quid mihi, quod lato non separor aequore, prodest? Num minus haec nobis tam brevis obstat aqua?
so narrow a stream, id. H. 18, 174; cf.
also brevis unda, opp. latum mare,
id. ib. 19, 141 and 142:
non Asiam brevioris aquae disterminat usquam fluctus ab Europā,
Luc. 9, 957 (strictioris, Schol.); cf. id. 9, 317:
brevissima terra,
Plin. Ep. 10, 69, 2:
in Euboico scopulus brevis emicat altō Gurgite,
a small, narrow rock, Ov. M. 9, 226:
brevibus Gyaris,
Juv. 1, 73:
scis In breve te cogi (sc. libellum),
that you are closely rolled together, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 8:
quo brevius valent,
the nearer, the more powerful are they in conflict, Tac. A. 6, 35.—
2.
Trop. of the journey of life:
quid est, quod in hoc tam exiguo vitae curriculo et tam brevi tantis nos in laboribus exerceamus?
Cic. Arch. 11, 28; cf.:
vitae brevis cursus, gloriae sempiternus,
id. Sest. 21, 47:
tum brevior dirae mortis aperta via est,
Tib. 1, 10, 4.—And poet. of the thread of life:
fila vitae breviora,
Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 46. —
B.
In height, short, small, low (opp. altus and sometimes longus);
of the human figure: sed sedebat judex L. Aurifex, brevior ipse quam testis,
Cic. de Or. 2, 60, 245:
ut statura breves in digitos eriguntur,
Quint. 2, 3, 8:
forma,
Ov. M. 5, 457:
(puella) longa brevisque,
id. Am. 2, 4, 36:
brevis corpore,
Suet. Galb. 3;
id. Vit. Hor.—Of a maiden changed to a boy: et incomptis brevior mensura capillis,
Ov. M. 9, 789.—
Of other things: ut pleraque Alpium ab Italiā sicut breviora, ita arrectiora sunt,
lower, Liv. 21, 35, 11:
brevior ilex,
Sen. Herc. Oet. 1641:
mus,
little, Ov. F. 2, 574. —
C.
In depth, small, little, shallow (opp. profundus):
puteus,
Juv. 3, 226:
vada,
Verg. A. 5, 221; Sen. Agam. 570.—Hence, subst.: brĕvia, ium, n., as in Gr. ta brachea, shallow places, shallows, shoals:
tris Eurus ab alto In brevia et syrtis urget,
Verg. A. 1, 111 (brevia vadosa dicit, per quae vadi pedibus potest, Serv.); Luc. 9, 338: neque discerni poterant incerta ab solidis, brevia a profundis, Tac. A. 1, 70:
brevia litorum,
id. ib. 6, 33 fin. —Perh. also in sing.:
breve,
Tac. A. 14, 29 Draeg. ad loc. (Ritter, brevia; al. breve litus).—
2.
Trop.:
brevia, in quibus volutatur, incerta, ancipitia,
difficulties, Sen. Ep. 22, 7.—
D.
Of the line of a circle:
ubi circulus (i.e. arcticus) axem Ultimus extremum spatioque brevissimus ambit,
makes the shortest path, Ov. M. 2, 517; cf.
of similar orbits, of stars: absides breviores,
Plin. 2. 15, 13, §
63.—Of the circular course of a horse on the track: discit gyro breviore flecti,
Sen. Hippol. 314. —
II.
Transf., of time.
A.
Lit. (the usu. signif. of the word), short, brief, small, little.
1.
In gen.:
quanto, nox, fuisti longior hac proxumā, Tanto brevior dies ut fiat faciam,
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 51:
breve spatium'st perferundi quae minitas mihi,
id. Capt. 3, 5, 85:
brevis hora,
Lucr. 4, 179; so Ov. M. 4, 696: Pa. Brevin' an longinquo sermone? Mi. Tribus verbis, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 30:
occasio,
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 57; Phaedr. 5, 8, 5:
brevis hic est fructus homulleis,
short is this enjoyment for little men, Lucr. 3, 927; cf.:
MORS. PERFECIT. TVA. VT. TIBE. ESSENT. OMNIA. BREVIA. HONOS. FAMA. VIRTVSQVE. GLORIA. ATQVE. INGENIVM.,
Inscr. Orell. 558:
omnia brevia tolerabilia esse debent,
Cic. Lael. 27, 104; id. Fin. 1, 12, 40; 2, 29, 94; id. Tusc. 1, 39, 94; Sen. Ira, 3, 43, 5:
quoniam vita brevis est, memoriam nostri quam maxime longam efficere,
Sall. C. 1, 3; so,
vitae summa brevis spem nos vetat incohare longam,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 15; cf. id. ib. 1, 11, 6:
aut omnia breviora aliquanto fuere, aut Saguntum principio anni captum,
occupied a shorter time, Liv. 21, 15, 5:
brevissimum tempus,
id. 5, 6, 7:
detrimentum,
Quint. 11, 1, 10:
arbitrium mortis,
Tac. A. 15, 60:
breves populi Romani amores,
id. ib. 2, 41:
tempus,
Suet. Ner. 20 al.:
nobis quom semel occidit brevis lux, nox est perpetua una dormienda,
Cat. 5, 5:
fructus,
Lucr. 3, 914:
aevum,
Hor. C. 2, 16, 17; id. S. 2, 6, 97; id. Ep. 2, 1, 144; Plin. Pan. 78, 2:
anni,
Hor. C. 4, 13, 22:
ver,
Ov. M. 1, 118; 10, 85:
flores rosae,
quickly withering, short-lived, Hor. C. 2, 3, 13:
lilium,
id. ib. 1, 36, 16:
cena,
frugal, id. Ep. 1, 14, 35:
mensa,
id. A. P. 198:
dominus,
living but a short time, id. C. 2, 14, 24:
stultitia,
id. ib. 4, 12, 27:
ira furor brevis est,
id. Ep. 1, 2, 62:
actio brevis atque concisa,
Quint. 6, 4, 2:
somnus,
Sen. Troad. 441:
nec gratius quicquam decore nec brevius,
nothing is more acceptable, but nothing more perishable, fading, than beauty, Suet. Dom. 18:
domus,
Sen. Hippol. 762:
fortuna,
Sil. 4, 734.—
2.
Esp.
a.
Comp. brevius, with subj. clause, shorter, i.e. easier, more convenient:
brevius visum urbana crimina incipi, quorum obvii testes erant,
Tac. A. 13, 43: modo ne existimes brevius esse ab urbe mitti, Trag. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 40 (49), 3.—
b.
In brevi spatio, brevi spatio, in brevi tempore, brevi tempore, and absol. brevi or in brevi, in a short time, shortly (before or after) (brevi tempore and brevi are class.; the latter, as in Gr. en brachei, to be considered as neuter, without supplying tempore):
inque brevi spatio mutantur saecla animantum,
Lucr. 2, 77; so Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 2; Suet. Claud. 12; id. Ner. 30; cf.:
in multo breviore temporis spatio,
id. Aug. 22:
multa brevi spatio simulacra geruntur,
Lucr. 4, 160; Sall. J. 87, 3:
spatio brevi,
Hor. C. 1, 11, 6:
res publica per vos brevi tempore jus suum recuperabit,
Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; 5, 21, 2; id. Tusc. 2, 2, 5; Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 11; Nep. Milt. 2, 1; id. Them. 1, 4; Suet. Caes. 3:
sic ille affectus, brevi postea est mortuus,
soon after, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142 (Zumpt;
acc. to MSS. perbrevi).—So brevi post = paulo post: brevi post Marcellus Romam venit,
Liv. 33, 37, 9; 24, 3, 14:
brevi deinde,
id. 24, 4, 9: (Britanni) tantum usu cotidiano et exercitatione efficiunt, uti in declivi ac praecipiti loco incitatos equos sustinere et brevi ( in a short time, i.e. with great rapidity) moderari ac flectere consuerint, Caes. B. G. 4, 33 fin. Herz. and Held.:
fama tanti facinoris per omnem Africam brevi divolgatur,
Sall. J. 13, 1; Nep. Them. 4, 4:
mirantur tam brevi rem Romanam crevisse,
Liv. 1, 9, 9:
brevi omnia subegit,
Suet. Caes. 34; so id. Aug. 17; 65; id. Vesp. 5; id. Gram. 3; Gell. 1, 15, 18: scire in brevi, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 186 P.; Flor. 1, 1, 15.—
c.
Brevi, a short time, a little while: [p. 251] cunctatusque brevi, contortam viribus hastam in Persea misit, Ov. M. 5, 32; cf.:
illa brevi spatio silet,
id. ib. 7, 307; so,
* breve,
Cat. 61, 187.—
d.
Ad breve, for a short time, Suet. Tib. 68; cf.:
ad breve quoddam tempus,
Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 31.—
B.
Transf. to things done or taking place in a short time; so most freq.
1.
Of discourse, short, brief, concise (most freq. in Cic. and Quint.):
narratio,
Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 28; id. de Or. 3, 50, 196: laudatio;
comprehensio et ambitus ille verborum erat apud illum contractus et brevis,
id. Brut. 44, 162; cf. id. de Or. 2, 80, 326:
nunc venio ad illa tua brevia: et primum illud, quo nihil potest esse brevius: bonum omne laudabile, etc.,
id. Fin. 4, 18, 48:
quam falsa re! quam brevia responsu!
id. Clu. 59, 164: urbanitas est virtus quaedam in breve dictum coacta, Dom. Mars. ap. Quint. 6, 3, 104:
Homerus brevem eloquentiam Menelao dedit,
Quint. 12, 10, 64 (brevis = ou polumuthos, Hom. Il. 3, 214):
breviores commentarii,
Quint. 3, 8, 58:
annotatio,
id. 10, 7, 31:
brevia illa atque concisa,
id. 10, 7, 10; so,
sententiae,
id. 10, 1, 60:
causae,
id. 6, 1, 8:
docendi compendia,
id. 1, 1, 24:
comprehensiones,
id. 12, 2, 19:
quod ut brevissimo pateat exemplo,
id. 3, 6, 10: commendatio, requiring few words, i.e. moderate, Plin. 11, 42, 97, § 240.— Meton. of a speaker or orator, brief:
multos imitatio brevitatis decipit, ut cum se breves putent esse, longissimi sint,
Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 38:
brevior in scribendo,
id. Att. 5, 6, 2:
brevis esse laboro, Obscurus fio,
Hor. A. P. 25:
in eloquendo brevis,
Quint. 10, 1, 63:
densus et brevis et semper instans sibi Thucydides,
id. 10, 1, 73.—Hence, brĕvī, adv., briefly, in few words (freq. and class.):
brevi pro breviter M. Tullius de Orat. ad Quintum fratrem (1, 8, 34): ac ne plura quidem quae sunt innumerabilia consecter, comprehendam brevi,
Charis. p. 176 P.:
id percurram brevi,
Cic. Caecin. 32, 94:
aliquid explicare,
id. Planc. 40, 95 Wund.:
circumscribere et definire,
id. Sest. 45, 97; so id. ib. 5, 12 Orell. N. cr.; id. Fin. 1, 17, 55:
complecti,
id. de Or. 1, 42, 190:
exponere,
id. ib. 1, 46, 203:
reprehendere,
id. Inv. 1, 9, 12:
reddere,
id. Leg. 2, 14, 34:
respondere,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 1:
perscribere,
id. ib. 4, 5, 1; so Auct. Her. 4, 26, 35; 35, 47 al.; cf.:
in brevi,
Quint. 9, 4, 32.—So once in epistolary style: breve facere, to be short or brief:
quid scribam? breve faciam,
Cic. Att. 11, 7, 6; cf.:
longum est ea dicere, sed hoc breve dicam,
id. Sest. 5, 12.—Once, in breve cogere (diff. from I. A.), to comprise in few words, bring into a small compass:
in breve coactae causae,
Liv. 39, 47, 5; cf.:
in breve coactio causae,
Gai. Inst. 4, 15.— In late Lat. subst.: brĕvis, is, m. (sc. liber—acc. to another reading, brĕve, is, n.), a short catalogue, summary, = breviarium:
brevis nominum,
Vop. Aur. 36; so id. Bonos. 15; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 21; Hier. Ep. 5, n. 2 al.—
2.
Of a short syllable;
rarely as adj.: Syllaba longa brevi subjecta vocatur iambus,
Hor. A. P. 251:
a brevis, gre brevis, faciet tamen longam priorem,
Quint. 9, 4, 86 et saep.—More freq. subst.: brĕvis, is, f. (sc. syllaba):
dactylus, qui est e longā et duabus brevibus,
Cic. Or. 64, 217 sq.:
in fine pro longā accipi brevem,
Quint. 9, 4, 93; 9, 4, 86:
plurimum habent celeritatis breves,
id. 9, 4, 91.—
Hence also once of a syllable long by position, but pronounced short: indoctus dicimus brevi primā litterā, insanus productā: inhumanus brevi, infelix longā,
Cic. Or. 48, 159 Meyer N. cr.; cf. Gell. 2, 17 sqq., and Schütz Lex. Cic. s. v. brevis.—
C.
For parvus, exiguus, little, small:
exigua pars brevisque,
Lucr. 5, 591:
Canidia brevibus implicata viperis,
Hor. Epod. 5, 15:
Alecto brevibus torquata colubris,
Ov. H. 2, 119:
brevi latere ac pede longo est,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 93; cf.
just before: breve quod caput, ardua cervix, v. 89, and brevis alvus,
Verg. G. 3, 80 (on the other hand, Nemes. 244:
parvae alvi): mus,
Ov. F. 2, 574:
forma (sc. pueri in stellionem mutati),
id. M. 5, 457.—
So, lapathi herba,
Hor. S. 2, 4, 29 (brevis = parva, non excrescens in altum, Schol. Cruqu.):
folia breviora,
id. Ep. 1, 19, 26 (minor corona, Schol. Cruqu.):
census,
id. C. 2, 15, 13:
pondus,
id. S. 2, 2, 37:
impensa,
Ov. H. 7, 188 Ruhnk.:
sigillum,
id. M. 6, 86:
insulae,
Pall. 1, 28, 1; cf. Juv. 1, 73: vasculum, Pall. Apr. 8, 4:
offulae,
id. 1, 29, 4:
pantheris in candido breves macularum oculi,
Plin. 8, 17, 23, § 62.—With nom. abstr.:
breve in exiguo marmore nomen ero,
Prop. 2, 1, 72; Sen. Oedip. 935.—So, pondus, Hor. S. 2, 2, 37 al.—Hence, brĕ-vĭter, adv., shortly, briefly, etc.
1.
Of space (acc. to I.) (rare): seu libeat, curvo brevius convertere gyro, shorter, i. e. in a smaller circle, Tib. 4, 1, 94:
parvo brevius quam totus,
a little less than the whole, Plin. 2, 67, 67, § 168:
Sarmatae, omisso arcu, quo brevius valent, contis gladiisque ruerent,
Tac. A. 6, 35.—Far more freq. in prose and poetry,
2.
(Acc. to II. A. b. and c.) Of time, in a short time.
a.
In gen.:
iratum breviter vites, inimicum diu, Publ. Syr. v. 249 Rib.: sapiens, cum breviter et strictim colore atque vultu motus est,
Gell. 19, 1, 20.—
b.
Esp.
(α).
In expression, briefly, in brief, in few words, concisely, summarily:
sed breviter paucis praestat comprendere multa,
Lucr. 6, 1082: multa breviter et commode dicta (sc. apophthegmata; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104) memoriae mandabam, Cic. Lael. 1, 1:
rem totam breviter cognoscite,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 169; 2, 3, 27, § 67; so id. de Or. 2, 83, 340:
summatim breviterque describere,
id. Or. 15, 50:
breviter tangere,
id. Off. 3, 2, 8 Beier N. cr.:
breviter et modice disserere,
Sall. J. 111, 1:
adicere aliquid,
Quint. 9, 3, 100; cf. also Verg. A. 2, 11; 4, 632; 6, 321; Ov. M. 2, 783:
omnia soli Forsan Pacuvio breviter dabit (i.e. paucis testamenti verbis, quibus heres ex asse scribetur),
Juv. 12, 125 Web. (cf. id. 1, 68: beatum exiguis tabulis).— Comp., Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 26; Quint. 8, prooem. § 1; 8, 6, 61; 9, 2, 16; 10, 1, 49; 11, 1, 5 al.— Sup., Cic. N. D. 2, 1, 3; id. Div. 1, 32, 70; Quint. 1, 10, 1; 4, 2, 113 al.—
(β).
Of syllables:
quibus in verbis eae primae litterae sunt quae in sapiente atque felice, producte dicitur, in ceteris omnibus breviter,
Cic. Or. 48, 159.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > brevia
50 brevis

brĕvis, e, adj. (abl. breve, Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 2; comp. abl. breviore, Ov. Am. 2, 17, 22) [cf. brachus, Fest. p. 26], short, little, of small extent, in space and time (opp. longus; in space, in good class. prose, diff. from parvus, which designates that which fills a small space in length, breadth, and thickness; while brevis is used only of length in its different directions of breadth, height, or depth; and even of a circle, as merely a line, and without reference to the space enclosed, v. infra. In poets and postAug. prose brevis sometimes = parvus).
I.
Lit., in space.
A.
In distance, extent, short, little, small, narrow (opp. latus), Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 92:
brevior via,
Nep. Eum. 8, 5; Tib. 1, 10, 4:
via brevis,
Verg. E. 9, 23; Ov. M. 5, 253; Juv. 14, 223:
cursus brevissimus,
Verg. A. 3, 507:
brevius iter,
Ov. P. 1, 4, 32:
cursu brevissimus Almo,
id. M. 14, 329:
quid mihi, quod lato non separor aequore, prodest? Num minus haec nobis tam brevis obstat aqua?
so narrow a stream, id. H. 18, 174; cf.
also brevis unda, opp. latum mare,
id. ib. 19, 141 and 142:
non Asiam brevioris aquae disterminat usquam fluctus ab Europā,
Luc. 9, 957 (strictioris, Schol.); cf. id. 9, 317:
brevissima terra,
Plin. Ep. 10, 69, 2:
in Euboico scopulus brevis emicat altō Gurgite,
a small, narrow rock, Ov. M. 9, 226:
brevibus Gyaris,
Juv. 1, 73:
scis In breve te cogi (sc. libellum),
that you are closely rolled together, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 8:
quo brevius valent,
the nearer, the more powerful are they in conflict, Tac. A. 6, 35.—
2.
Trop. of the journey of life:
quid est, quod in hoc tam exiguo vitae curriculo et tam brevi tantis nos in laboribus exerceamus?
Cic. Arch. 11, 28; cf.:
vitae brevis cursus, gloriae sempiternus,
id. Sest. 21, 47:
tum brevior dirae mortis aperta via est,
Tib. 1, 10, 4.—And poet. of the thread of life:
fila vitae breviora,
Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 46. —
B.
In height, short, small, low (opp. altus and sometimes longus);
of the human figure: sed sedebat judex L. Aurifex, brevior ipse quam testis,
Cic. de Or. 2, 60, 245:
ut statura breves in digitos eriguntur,
Quint. 2, 3, 8:
forma,
Ov. M. 5, 457:
(puella) longa brevisque,
id. Am. 2, 4, 36:
brevis corpore,
Suet. Galb. 3;
id. Vit. Hor.—Of a maiden changed to a boy: et incomptis brevior mensura capillis,
Ov. M. 9, 789.—
Of other things: ut pleraque Alpium ab Italiā sicut breviora, ita arrectiora sunt,
lower, Liv. 21, 35, 11:
brevior ilex,
Sen. Herc. Oet. 1641:
mus,
little, Ov. F. 2, 574. —
C.
In depth, small, little, shallow (opp. profundus):
puteus,
Juv. 3, 226:
vada,
Verg. A. 5, 221; Sen. Agam. 570.—Hence, subst.: brĕvia, ium, n., as in Gr. ta brachea, shallow places, shallows, shoals:
tris Eurus ab alto In brevia et syrtis urget,
Verg. A. 1, 111 (brevia vadosa dicit, per quae vadi pedibus potest, Serv.); Luc. 9, 338: neque discerni poterant incerta ab solidis, brevia a profundis, Tac. A. 1, 70:
brevia litorum,
id. ib. 6, 33 fin. —Perh. also in sing.:
breve,
Tac. A. 14, 29 Draeg. ad loc. (Ritter, brevia; al. breve litus).—
2.
Trop.:
brevia, in quibus volutatur, incerta, ancipitia,
difficulties, Sen. Ep. 22, 7.—
D.
Of the line of a circle:
ubi circulus (i.e. arcticus) axem Ultimus extremum spatioque brevissimus ambit,
makes the shortest path, Ov. M. 2, 517; cf.
of similar orbits, of stars: absides breviores,
Plin. 2. 15, 13, §
63.—Of the circular course of a horse on the track: discit gyro breviore flecti,
Sen. Hippol. 314. —
II.
Transf., of time.
A.
Lit. (the usu. signif. of the word), short, brief, small, little.
1.
In gen.:
quanto, nox, fuisti longior hac proxumā, Tanto brevior dies ut fiat faciam,
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 51:
breve spatium'st perferundi quae minitas mihi,
id. Capt. 3, 5, 85:
brevis hora,
Lucr. 4, 179; so Ov. M. 4, 696: Pa. Brevin' an longinquo sermone? Mi. Tribus verbis, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 30:
occasio,
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 57; Phaedr. 5, 8, 5:
brevis hic est fructus homulleis,
short is this enjoyment for little men, Lucr. 3, 927; cf.:
MORS. PERFECIT. TVA. VT. TIBE. ESSENT. OMNIA. BREVIA. HONOS. FAMA. VIRTVSQVE. GLORIA. ATQVE. INGENIVM.,
Inscr. Orell. 558:
omnia brevia tolerabilia esse debent,
Cic. Lael. 27, 104; id. Fin. 1, 12, 40; 2, 29, 94; id. Tusc. 1, 39, 94; Sen. Ira, 3, 43, 5:
quoniam vita brevis est, memoriam nostri quam maxime longam efficere,
Sall. C. 1, 3; so,
vitae summa brevis spem nos vetat incohare longam,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 15; cf. id. ib. 1, 11, 6:
aut omnia breviora aliquanto fuere, aut Saguntum principio anni captum,
occupied a shorter time, Liv. 21, 15, 5:
brevissimum tempus,
id. 5, 6, 7:
detrimentum,
Quint. 11, 1, 10:
arbitrium mortis,
Tac. A. 15, 60:
breves populi Romani amores,
id. ib. 2, 41:
tempus,
Suet. Ner. 20 al.:
nobis quom semel occidit brevis lux, nox est perpetua una dormienda,
Cat. 5, 5:
fructus,
Lucr. 3, 914:
aevum,
Hor. C. 2, 16, 17; id. S. 2, 6, 97; id. Ep. 2, 1, 144; Plin. Pan. 78, 2:
anni,
Hor. C. 4, 13, 22:
ver,
Ov. M. 1, 118; 10, 85:
flores rosae,
quickly withering, short-lived, Hor. C. 2, 3, 13:
lilium,
id. ib. 1, 36, 16:
cena,
frugal, id. Ep. 1, 14, 35:
mensa,
id. A. P. 198:
dominus,
living but a short time, id. C. 2, 14, 24:
stultitia,
id. ib. 4, 12, 27:
ira furor brevis est,
id. Ep. 1, 2, 62:
actio brevis atque concisa,
Quint. 6, 4, 2:
somnus,
Sen. Troad. 441:
nec gratius quicquam decore nec brevius,
nothing is more acceptable, but nothing more perishable, fading, than beauty, Suet. Dom. 18:
domus,
Sen. Hippol. 762:
fortuna,
Sil. 4, 734.—
2.
Esp.
a.
Comp. brevius, with subj. clause, shorter, i.e. easier, more convenient:
brevius visum urbana crimina incipi, quorum obvii testes erant,
Tac. A. 13, 43: modo ne existimes brevius esse ab urbe mitti, Trag. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 40 (49), 3.—
b.
In brevi spatio, brevi spatio, in brevi tempore, brevi tempore, and absol. brevi or in brevi, in a short time, shortly (before or after) (brevi tempore and brevi are class.; the latter, as in Gr. en brachei, to be considered as neuter, without supplying tempore):
inque brevi spatio mutantur saecla animantum,
Lucr. 2, 77; so Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 2; Suet. Claud. 12; id. Ner. 30; cf.:
in multo breviore temporis spatio,
id. Aug. 22:
multa brevi spatio simulacra geruntur,
Lucr. 4, 160; Sall. J. 87, 3:
spatio brevi,
Hor. C. 1, 11, 6:
res publica per vos brevi tempore jus suum recuperabit,
Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; 5, 21, 2; id. Tusc. 2, 2, 5; Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 11; Nep. Milt. 2, 1; id. Them. 1, 4; Suet. Caes. 3:
sic ille affectus, brevi postea est mortuus,
soon after, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142 (Zumpt;
acc. to MSS. perbrevi).—So brevi post = paulo post: brevi post Marcellus Romam venit,
Liv. 33, 37, 9; 24, 3, 14:
brevi deinde,
id. 24, 4, 9: (Britanni) tantum usu cotidiano et exercitatione efficiunt, uti in declivi ac praecipiti loco incitatos equos sustinere et brevi ( in a short time, i.e. with great rapidity) moderari ac flectere consuerint, Caes. B. G. 4, 33 fin. Herz. and Held.:
fama tanti facinoris per omnem Africam brevi divolgatur,
Sall. J. 13, 1; Nep. Them. 4, 4:
mirantur tam brevi rem Romanam crevisse,
Liv. 1, 9, 9:
brevi omnia subegit,
Suet. Caes. 34; so id. Aug. 17; 65; id. Vesp. 5; id. Gram. 3; Gell. 1, 15, 18: scire in brevi, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 186 P.; Flor. 1, 1, 15.—
c.
Brevi, a short time, a little while: [p. 251] cunctatusque brevi, contortam viribus hastam in Persea misit, Ov. M. 5, 32; cf.:
illa brevi spatio silet,
id. ib. 7, 307; so,
* breve,
Cat. 61, 187.—
d.
Ad breve, for a short time, Suet. Tib. 68; cf.:
ad breve quoddam tempus,
Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 31.—
B.
Transf. to things done or taking place in a short time; so most freq.
1.
Of discourse, short, brief, concise (most freq. in Cic. and Quint.):
narratio,
Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 28; id. de Or. 3, 50, 196: laudatio;
comprehensio et ambitus ille verborum erat apud illum contractus et brevis,
id. Brut. 44, 162; cf. id. de Or. 2, 80, 326:
nunc venio ad illa tua brevia: et primum illud, quo nihil potest esse brevius: bonum omne laudabile, etc.,
id. Fin. 4, 18, 48:
quam falsa re! quam brevia responsu!
id. Clu. 59, 164: urbanitas est virtus quaedam in breve dictum coacta, Dom. Mars. ap. Quint. 6, 3, 104:
Homerus brevem eloquentiam Menelao dedit,
Quint. 12, 10, 64 (brevis = ou polumuthos, Hom. Il. 3, 214):
breviores commentarii,
Quint. 3, 8, 58:
annotatio,
id. 10, 7, 31:
brevia illa atque concisa,
id. 10, 7, 10; so,
sententiae,
id. 10, 1, 60:
causae,
id. 6, 1, 8:
docendi compendia,
id. 1, 1, 24:
comprehensiones,
id. 12, 2, 19:
quod ut brevissimo pateat exemplo,
id. 3, 6, 10: commendatio, requiring few words, i.e. moderate, Plin. 11, 42, 97, § 240.— Meton. of a speaker or orator, brief:
multos imitatio brevitatis decipit, ut cum se breves putent esse, longissimi sint,
Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 38:
brevior in scribendo,
id. Att. 5, 6, 2:
brevis esse laboro, Obscurus fio,
Hor. A. P. 25:
in eloquendo brevis,
Quint. 10, 1, 63:
densus et brevis et semper instans sibi Thucydides,
id. 10, 1, 73.—Hence, brĕvī, adv., briefly, in few words (freq. and class.):
brevi pro breviter M. Tullius de Orat. ad Quintum fratrem (1, 8, 34): ac ne plura quidem quae sunt innumerabilia consecter, comprehendam brevi,
Charis. p. 176 P.:
id percurram brevi,
Cic. Caecin. 32, 94:
aliquid explicare,
id. Planc. 40, 95 Wund.:
circumscribere et definire,
id. Sest. 45, 97; so id. ib. 5, 12 Orell. N. cr.; id. Fin. 1, 17, 55:
complecti,
id. de Or. 1, 42, 190:
exponere,
id. ib. 1, 46, 203:
reprehendere,
id. Inv. 1, 9, 12:
reddere,
id. Leg. 2, 14, 34:
respondere,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 1:
perscribere,
id. ib. 4, 5, 1; so Auct. Her. 4, 26, 35; 35, 47 al.; cf.:
in brevi,
Quint. 9, 4, 32.—So once in epistolary style: breve facere, to be short or brief:
quid scribam? breve faciam,
Cic. Att. 11, 7, 6; cf.:
longum est ea dicere, sed hoc breve dicam,
id. Sest. 5, 12.—Once, in breve cogere (diff. from I. A.), to comprise in few words, bring into a small compass:
in breve coactae causae,
Liv. 39, 47, 5; cf.:
in breve coactio causae,
Gai. Inst. 4, 15.— In late Lat. subst.: brĕvis, is, m. (sc. liber—acc. to another reading, brĕve, is, n.), a short catalogue, summary, = breviarium:
brevis nominum,
Vop. Aur. 36; so id. Bonos. 15; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 21; Hier. Ep. 5, n. 2 al.—
2.
Of a short syllable;
rarely as adj.: Syllaba longa brevi subjecta vocatur iambus,
Hor. A. P. 251:
a brevis, gre brevis, faciet tamen longam priorem,
Quint. 9, 4, 86 et saep.—More freq. subst.: brĕvis, is, f. (sc. syllaba):
dactylus, qui est e longā et duabus brevibus,
Cic. Or. 64, 217 sq.:
in fine pro longā accipi brevem,
Quint. 9, 4, 93; 9, 4, 86:
plurimum habent celeritatis breves,
id. 9, 4, 91.—
Hence also once of a syllable long by position, but pronounced short: indoctus dicimus brevi primā litterā, insanus productā: inhumanus brevi, infelix longā,
Cic. Or. 48, 159 Meyer N. cr.; cf. Gell. 2, 17 sqq., and Schütz Lex. Cic. s. v. brevis.—
C.
For parvus, exiguus, little, small:
exigua pars brevisque,
Lucr. 5, 591:
Canidia brevibus implicata viperis,
Hor. Epod. 5, 15:
Alecto brevibus torquata colubris,
Ov. H. 2, 119:
brevi latere ac pede longo est,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 93; cf.
just before: breve quod caput, ardua cervix, v. 89, and brevis alvus,
Verg. G. 3, 80 (on the other hand, Nemes. 244:
parvae alvi): mus,
Ov. F. 2, 574:
forma (sc. pueri in stellionem mutati),
id. M. 5, 457.—
So, lapathi herba,
Hor. S. 2, 4, 29 (brevis = parva, non excrescens in altum, Schol. Cruqu.):
folia breviora,
id. Ep. 1, 19, 26 (minor corona, Schol. Cruqu.):
census,
id. C. 2, 15, 13:
pondus,
id. S. 2, 2, 37:
impensa,
Ov. H. 7, 188 Ruhnk.:
sigillum,
id. M. 6, 86:
insulae,
Pall. 1, 28, 1; cf. Juv. 1, 73: vasculum, Pall. Apr. 8, 4:
offulae,
id. 1, 29, 4:
pantheris in candido breves macularum oculi,
Plin. 8, 17, 23, § 62.—With nom. abstr.:
breve in exiguo marmore nomen ero,
Prop. 2, 1, 72; Sen. Oedip. 935.—So, pondus, Hor. S. 2, 2, 37 al.—Hence, brĕ-vĭter, adv., shortly, briefly, etc.
1.
Of space (acc. to I.) (rare): seu libeat, curvo brevius convertere gyro, shorter, i. e. in a smaller circle, Tib. 4, 1, 94:
parvo brevius quam totus,
a little less than the whole, Plin. 2, 67, 67, § 168:
Sarmatae, omisso arcu, quo brevius valent, contis gladiisque ruerent,
Tac. A. 6, 35.—Far more freq. in prose and poetry,
2.
(Acc. to II. A. b. and c.) Of time, in a short time.
a.
In gen.:
iratum breviter vites, inimicum diu, Publ. Syr. v. 249 Rib.: sapiens, cum breviter et strictim colore atque vultu motus est,
Gell. 19, 1, 20.—
b.
Esp.
(α).
In expression, briefly, in brief, in few words, concisely, summarily:
sed breviter paucis praestat comprendere multa,
Lucr. 6, 1082: multa breviter et commode dicta (sc. apophthegmata; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104) memoriae mandabam, Cic. Lael. 1, 1:
rem totam breviter cognoscite,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 169; 2, 3, 27, § 67; so id. de Or. 2, 83, 340:
summatim breviterque describere,
id. Or. 15, 50:
breviter tangere,
id. Off. 3, 2, 8 Beier N. cr.:
breviter et modice disserere,
Sall. J. 111, 1:
adicere aliquid,
Quint. 9, 3, 100; cf. also Verg. A. 2, 11; 4, 632; 6, 321; Ov. M. 2, 783:
omnia soli Forsan Pacuvio breviter dabit (i.e. paucis testamenti verbis, quibus heres ex asse scribetur),
Juv. 12, 125 Web. (cf. id. 1, 68: beatum exiguis tabulis).— Comp., Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 26; Quint. 8, prooem. § 1; 8, 6, 61; 9, 2, 16; 10, 1, 49; 11, 1, 5 al.— Sup., Cic. N. D. 2, 1, 3; id. Div. 1, 32, 70; Quint. 1, 10, 1; 4, 2, 113 al.—
(β).
Of syllables:
quibus in verbis eae primae litterae sunt quae in sapiente atque felice, producte dicitur, in ceteris omnibus breviter,
Cic. Or. 48, 159.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > brevis
51 laxus

laxus, a, um, adj. [cf. languidus, languor, lactes], wide, loose, open; spacious, roomy; opp. adstrictus (not freq. till after the Aug. per.).
I.
Lit.: laxius agmen, Sall. ap. Non. 235, 16:
casses,
Verg. G. 4, 247:
circli,
id. ib. 3, 166:
sinus,
Tib. 1, 6, 18:
toga,
id. 1, 6, 40; 2, 3, 78; cf.:
in pede calceus haeret,
wide, loose, Hor. S. 1, 3, 32:
nuces Ferre sinu laxo,
id. ib. 2, 3, 171:
qua satis laxo spatio equi permitti possent,
Liv. 10, 5; so,
spatium,
wide, roomy, Sen. Ep. 88 med.; cf.:
laxior domus,
Vell. 2, 81:
janua,
open, Ov. Am. 1, 8, 77:
compages,
Verg. A. 1, 122:
mulier,
Mart. 11, 21:
habenae,
Cic. Lael. 13 (v. under II.); Verg. A. 1, 63:
frena,
Ov. Am. 3, 4, 16; cf.:
qui jam contento, jam laxo fune laborat,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 20:
arcus,
slackened, unbent, unstrung, Verg. A. 11, 874:
laxo meditantur arcu cedere campis,
Hor. C. 3, 8, 23:
opes,
large, great, Mart. 2, 30, 4.—
II.
Trop.:
laxissimas habenas habere amicitiae,
very wide, loose, Cic. Lael. 13, 45: si bellum cum eo hoste haberemus, in quo neglegentiae laxior locus esset, greater latitude or scope, Liv. 24, 8; cf.:
laxius imperium,
less strict, more indulgent, Sall. J. 64:
annona,
i. e. reduced, cheap, Liv. 2, 52:
caput,
relaxed, disordered from drinking, Pers. 3, 58:
vox,
pronounced broad, Gell. 13, 20, 12:
laxioribus verbis dicere aliquid,
prolix, diffuse, id. 16, 1, 3.—Of time:
diem statuo satis laxam,
sufficiently distant, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 16:
tempus sibi et quidem laxius postulavit,
Plin. Ep. 4, 9 med. —Hence, adv.: laxē, widely, spaciously, loosely.
1.
Lit.:
vis sideris laxe grassantis,
Plin. 2, 97, 99, § 217:
distans,
id. 13, 4, 7, § 33:
aurum laxius dilatatur,
id. 33, 3, 19, § 61:
Mercurii stella laxissime vagatur,
id. 2, 16, 13, § 66:
medio suspendit vincula ponto, Et laxe fluitare sinit,
loosely, freely, Luc. 4, 450:
manus vincire,
loosely, Liv. 9, 10, 7.—
2.
Trop.:
laxius proferre diem,
to put farther off, Cic. Att. 13, 14, 1; cf.:
volo laxius (sc. rem curari),
id. ib. 15, 20, 4:
de munere pastorum alii angustius, alii laxius constituere solent,
a greater number, more, Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 10:
in hostico laxius rapto suetis vivere artiores in pace res erant,
more unrestrictedly, more freely, Liv. 28, 24, 6:
Romanos remoto metu laxius licentiusque futuros,
be more relaxed in discipline, more negligent, disorderly, Sall. J. 85.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > laxus
52 potis

pŏtis (in the positive rarely declined, and in the neutr. pŏte), adj. ( comp. pŏ-tĭor, ius; sup. pŏtissĭmus, a, um; class. only in the comp.) [Sanscr. patis, lord; Gr. posis, husband; des-potês, lord; Lat. compotis (compos) potiri].
I.
Posit., able, capable; possible (mostly ante-class. and poet.): divi qui potes pro illo quod Samothraces theoi dunatoi, Varr L. L. 5, § 58 Müll.; Macr. S. 3, 4:
nisi qui colaphos perpeti Potis parasitus,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 21.—Usually in the connection potis or pote est, he, she, or it is able, may, or can:
at ea supterfugere potis es pauca,
Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 17: neque sanguis ullo potis est pacto profluens consistere, old poet ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 38: istam non potis est vis saeva exstinguere venti, Poët. ap. Gell. 19, 9, 12:
at non Evandrum potis est vis ulla tenere,
Verg. A. 11, 148:
quod nunquam potis est sejungi,
Lucr. 1, 452:
nec potis est cerni,
id. 5, 719; Cat. 76, 24:
qui potis est?
how is it possible? id. 72, 7.—With plur.: si speres quicquam prodesse potis sunt, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 333 Müll. (Ann. v. 410 Vahl.):
duae plus satis dare potis sunt,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 17:
quid pastores potis sint,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2.—Without est: quis potis ingentes oras evolvere belli? Enn. ap. Diom. p. 381 P. (Ann. v. 178 Vahl.); Verg. A. 3, 671; Hor. C. 3, 17, 13.—Form pote:
si non aliud pote est,
Cat. 43, 16. Without est:
nec devitari letum pote,
Lucr. 3, 1079: viget, veget, utpote plurimum, Varr. ap Non. 2, 876:
nec non emptor pote ex empto vendito illum damnare,
id. R. R. 2, 2:
nec eniti remis pote,
Val. Fl. 4, 680; Prop. 2, 1, 46:
qui pote? vis dicam? nugaris,
Pers. 1, 56:
in te dici pote, Id, quod,
Cat. 98, 1:
nec peccatum a me quisquam pote dicere quicquam,
id. 67, 11:
hoc facito, sive id non pote sive pote,
be it impossible or possible, id. 76, 16:
quid pote simplicius?
what can be more simple? Mart. 9, 16, 2:
nihil pote supra,
nothing could exceed it, Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 11; Auct. ap. Cic. Brut. 46, 172; Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1:
quantum pote,
as soon as possible, id. ib. 4, 13, 1: quam pote, as much as possible (post-class.):
aufugiamus istinc quam pote longissime,
App. M. 1, p. 107, 9; 2, p. 119, 33.—
II.
Comp.: pŏtĭor, us, that may be preferred, preferred; better, preferable (class.).
A.
Of persons:
numquam edepol erit ille potior Harpax, quam ego,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 17; 1, 3, 95:
quem aequiust potiorem habere quam te?
id. Stich. 1, 2, 40: qui plus pollet potiorque est patre, old poet ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69; id. Fam. 10, 3, 2:
itaque cives potiores quam peregrini,
id. Lael. 5, 19:
Sosim et Moericum quibus tantam crederem rem, potiores habui,
Liv. 26, 31, 4:
at tu, qui potior nunc es,
happier in love, preferred, Tib. 1, 6, 33 (5, 69):
ut in judicio possessionis potior esset,
Dig. 18, 1, 34.—
B.
Of things, better, stronger, preferable, more useful or important:
nulla potior serenda,
Varr. R. R. 1, 15:
sucus,
Plin. 36, 22, 43, § 158:
novistine locum potiorem rure beato?
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 14:
sententia,
id. Epod. 16, 17:
mors civibus Romanis semper fuit servitute potior,
Cic. Phil. 10, 9, 19:
illi turpis vita integrā famā potior fuit,
Sall. J. 67, 3:
nihil mihi potius fuit quam ut Massinissam convenirem,
I had nothing more important, nothing more urgent to do, Cic. Rep. 6, 9, 9:
illa semper potiora duxisti, quae, etc.,
id. de Or. 3, 22, 82:
semper se rei publicae commoda privatis necessitatibus habuisse potiora,
Caes. B. C. 1, 8.— Subst.:
ut probetis potiora,
Vulg. Phil. 1, 10: hem, mater mea, tibi rem potiorem video (sc. verbis), I see a fact stronger than words, i. e. a clearer proof, Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 12.—
III.
Sup.: pŏtissĭmus, a, um, the chief, principal, most prominent, most important.
A.
Of persons ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
item huic ultro fit, ut Meret, potissimus nostrae domi ut sit,
Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 9:
tantis potissimus umbris,
Stat. Th. 4, 627:
potissimos libertorum veneno interficere,
Tac. A. 14, 65.—
B.
Of things (class.):
utrum potius, aut quid potissimum sit, quaeritur,
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:
cura,
Stat. S. 4, 4, 20:
nobilitas,
Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 25:
opusculum,
Plin. Ep. 4, 14, 10:
causa,
Tac. A. 4, 16.—Hence, adv., only in the comp. and sup.
A.
Comp.: pŏtĭus, rather, preferably, more (class.; cf.: satius, prius): quo nos vocabis nomine? Ar. Libortos. Le. Non patronos? Ar. Id potius, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 62:
sed scin', quid volo potius, sodes, facias?
Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 27; id. And. 5, 3, 2:
nec vero imperia expetenda: ac potius non accipienda interdum,
Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68.— With quam, Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 11:
Galliam potius esse Ariovisti quam populi Romani,
Caes. B. G. 1, 45.—When the predicates are compared, the verb in the following clause is always in the subj.:
perpessus est omnia potius quam conscios indicaret,
rather than, Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 52:
in oratione non vis potius quam delectatio postulatur,
Cic. de Or. 2, 78, 317:
privabo potius illum debito testimonio quam id cum meā laude communicem,
id. Ac. 2, 1, 3:
scribam aliquid potius, quam committam ut litterae non reddantur,
id. Att. 5, 6, 2:
nos potius nostro delicto plectemur, quam res publica nostra peccata luat,
Liv. 8, 7, 17:
per interregem comitia habenda potius, quam consulum alter a bello avocaretur,
id. 22, 23, 10; 9, 14, 16.— So with quam ut:
se miliens morituros potius quam ut tantum dedecoris admitti patiantur,
Liv. 4, 2, 8: audeo dicere hoc malo domitos ipsos potius cultores agrorum fore, quam ut armati, etc., id. 2, 34, 11; 6, 28, 8; 9, 14, 7.—But after verbs of willing, wishing (sometimes of declaring), the inf. is used:
dictatore obstinato tollere potius totum e re publicā consulatum, quam promiscuum facere,
Liv. 7, 21, 1; 23, 9, 8; 21, 13, 8: v. Weissenb. ad Liv. 2, 15, 2; Fest. s. v. olivitam, p. 202 Müll.; v. Muuml;ll. ad. loc. p. 203, a. —In an inverted order:
quam potius,
Verg. Copa, 5: quid mihi negotii est eum istis nugacibus, quam potius potamus mulsum? C. Titius ap. Macr. S. 2, 12.—Sometimes potius is to be supplied:
tacita, bona est mulier semper, quam loquens,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 70; id. Men. 5, 1, 26:
tamen statuit congredi, quam cum tantis copiis refugere,
Nep. Dat. 8, 1.—Pleon., with words which already express comparison.— Comp., Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 19:
Uticae potius quam Romae esse malle,
Cic. Lig. 2, 5:
favorabiliores rei potius, quam actores habentur,
Dig. 50, 17, 167.—
2.
Esp., introducing a repetition of a thought in a corrected or strengthened form: aut potius, vel potius, or rather, or I may better say, etc.:
efficiet enim ratio ut... mors aut malum non sit, aut sit bonum potius,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 23:
quam fuit imbecillus P. Africani filius, quam tenui aut nullā potius valetudine,
id. Sen. 11, 35:
erravit aut potius insanivit Apronius?
id. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 113:
Cato magnus hercule homo, vel potius summus et singularis vir,
id. Brut. 85, 293; Dig. 1, 5, 16.—
B.
Sup.: pŏtissĭmē ( pŏtissŭ-), and more freq. pŏtissĭmum ( pŏtissŭ-), chiefly, principally, especially, in preference to all others, above all, most of all (class.).—Form potissime, Cels. 3, 6.—Form potissimum:
responde, quo leto censes me ut peream potissimum?
Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 15; Ter. And. 2, 6, 23:
exsistat aliquis et potissimum Caecus ille,
Cic. Cael. 14, 33; id. Mur. 2, 4:
nos id potissimum consecuti sumus,
id. Tusc. 5, 4, 11:
tanta erat contentio, qui potissimum ex magno numero conscenderent, ut,
Caes. B. C. 2, 43:
quid agam? aut quo potissimum infelix accedam?
Sall. J. 14, 15; Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2; Lact. 2, 18, 3.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > potis
53 potissimum

pŏtis (in the positive rarely declined, and in the neutr. pŏte), adj. ( comp. pŏ-tĭor, ius; sup. pŏtissĭmus, a, um; class. only in the comp.) [Sanscr. patis, lord; Gr. posis, husband; des-potês, lord; Lat. compotis (compos) potiri].
I.
Posit., able, capable; possible (mostly ante-class. and poet.): divi qui potes pro illo quod Samothraces theoi dunatoi, Varr L. L. 5, § 58 Müll.; Macr. S. 3, 4:
nisi qui colaphos perpeti Potis parasitus,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 21.—Usually in the connection potis or pote est, he, she, or it is able, may, or can:
at ea supterfugere potis es pauca,
Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 17: neque sanguis ullo potis est pacto profluens consistere, old poet ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 38: istam non potis est vis saeva exstinguere venti, Poët. ap. Gell. 19, 9, 12:
at non Evandrum potis est vis ulla tenere,
Verg. A. 11, 148:
quod nunquam potis est sejungi,
Lucr. 1, 452:
nec potis est cerni,
id. 5, 719; Cat. 76, 24:
qui potis est?
how is it possible? id. 72, 7.—With plur.: si speres quicquam prodesse potis sunt, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 333 Müll. (Ann. v. 410 Vahl.):
duae plus satis dare potis sunt,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 17:
quid pastores potis sint,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2.—Without est: quis potis ingentes oras evolvere belli? Enn. ap. Diom. p. 381 P. (Ann. v. 178 Vahl.); Verg. A. 3, 671; Hor. C. 3, 17, 13.—Form pote:
si non aliud pote est,
Cat. 43, 16. Without est:
nec devitari letum pote,
Lucr. 3, 1079: viget, veget, utpote plurimum, Varr. ap Non. 2, 876:
nec non emptor pote ex empto vendito illum damnare,
id. R. R. 2, 2:
nec eniti remis pote,
Val. Fl. 4, 680; Prop. 2, 1, 46:
qui pote? vis dicam? nugaris,
Pers. 1, 56:
in te dici pote, Id, quod,
Cat. 98, 1:
nec peccatum a me quisquam pote dicere quicquam,
id. 67, 11:
hoc facito, sive id non pote sive pote,
be it impossible or possible, id. 76, 16:
quid pote simplicius?
what can be more simple? Mart. 9, 16, 2:
nihil pote supra,
nothing could exceed it, Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 11; Auct. ap. Cic. Brut. 46, 172; Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1:
quantum pote,
as soon as possible, id. ib. 4, 13, 1: quam pote, as much as possible (post-class.):
aufugiamus istinc quam pote longissime,
App. M. 1, p. 107, 9; 2, p. 119, 33.—
II.
Comp.: pŏtĭor, us, that may be preferred, preferred; better, preferable (class.).
A.
Of persons:
numquam edepol erit ille potior Harpax, quam ego,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 17; 1, 3, 95:
quem aequiust potiorem habere quam te?
id. Stich. 1, 2, 40: qui plus pollet potiorque est patre, old poet ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69; id. Fam. 10, 3, 2:
itaque cives potiores quam peregrini,
id. Lael. 5, 19:
Sosim et Moericum quibus tantam crederem rem, potiores habui,
Liv. 26, 31, 4:
at tu, qui potior nunc es,
happier in love, preferred, Tib. 1, 6, 33 (5, 69):
ut in judicio possessionis potior esset,
Dig. 18, 1, 34.—
B.
Of things, better, stronger, preferable, more useful or important:
nulla potior serenda,
Varr. R. R. 1, 15:
sucus,
Plin. 36, 22, 43, § 158:
novistine locum potiorem rure beato?
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 14:
sententia,
id. Epod. 16, 17:
mors civibus Romanis semper fuit servitute potior,
Cic. Phil. 10, 9, 19:
illi turpis vita integrā famā potior fuit,
Sall. J. 67, 3:
nihil mihi potius fuit quam ut Massinissam convenirem,
I had nothing more important, nothing more urgent to do, Cic. Rep. 6, 9, 9:
illa semper potiora duxisti, quae, etc.,
id. de Or. 3, 22, 82:
semper se rei publicae commoda privatis necessitatibus habuisse potiora,
Caes. B. C. 1, 8.— Subst.:
ut probetis potiora,
Vulg. Phil. 1, 10: hem, mater mea, tibi rem potiorem video (sc. verbis), I see a fact stronger than words, i. e. a clearer proof, Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 12.—
III.
Sup.: pŏtissĭmus, a, um, the chief, principal, most prominent, most important.
A.
Of persons ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
item huic ultro fit, ut Meret, potissimus nostrae domi ut sit,
Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 9:
tantis potissimus umbris,
Stat. Th. 4, 627:
potissimos libertorum veneno interficere,
Tac. A. 14, 65.—
B.
Of things (class.):
utrum potius, aut quid potissimum sit, quaeritur,
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:
cura,
Stat. S. 4, 4, 20:
nobilitas,
Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 25:
opusculum,
Plin. Ep. 4, 14, 10:
causa,
Tac. A. 4, 16.—Hence, adv., only in the comp. and sup.
A.
Comp.: pŏtĭus, rather, preferably, more (class.; cf.: satius, prius): quo nos vocabis nomine? Ar. Libortos. Le. Non patronos? Ar. Id potius, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 62:
sed scin', quid volo potius, sodes, facias?
Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 27; id. And. 5, 3, 2:
nec vero imperia expetenda: ac potius non accipienda interdum,
Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68.— With quam, Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 11:
Galliam potius esse Ariovisti quam populi Romani,
Caes. B. G. 1, 45.—When the predicates are compared, the verb in the following clause is always in the subj.:
perpessus est omnia potius quam conscios indicaret,
rather than, Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 52:
in oratione non vis potius quam delectatio postulatur,
Cic. de Or. 2, 78, 317:
privabo potius illum debito testimonio quam id cum meā laude communicem,
id. Ac. 2, 1, 3:
scribam aliquid potius, quam committam ut litterae non reddantur,
id. Att. 5, 6, 2:
nos potius nostro delicto plectemur, quam res publica nostra peccata luat,
Liv. 8, 7, 17:
per interregem comitia habenda potius, quam consulum alter a bello avocaretur,
id. 22, 23, 10; 9, 14, 16.— So with quam ut:
se miliens morituros potius quam ut tantum dedecoris admitti patiantur,
Liv. 4, 2, 8: audeo dicere hoc malo domitos ipsos potius cultores agrorum fore, quam ut armati, etc., id. 2, 34, 11; 6, 28, 8; 9, 14, 7.—But after verbs of willing, wishing (sometimes of declaring), the inf. is used:
dictatore obstinato tollere potius totum e re publicā consulatum, quam promiscuum facere,
Liv. 7, 21, 1; 23, 9, 8; 21, 13, 8: v. Weissenb. ad Liv. 2, 15, 2; Fest. s. v. olivitam, p. 202 Müll.; v. Muuml;ll. ad. loc. p. 203, a. —In an inverted order:
quam potius,
Verg. Copa, 5: quid mihi negotii est eum istis nugacibus, quam potius potamus mulsum? C. Titius ap. Macr. S. 2, 12.—Sometimes potius is to be supplied:
tacita, bona est mulier semper, quam loquens,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 70; id. Men. 5, 1, 26:
tamen statuit congredi, quam cum tantis copiis refugere,
Nep. Dat. 8, 1.—Pleon., with words which already express comparison.— Comp., Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 19:
Uticae potius quam Romae esse malle,
Cic. Lig. 2, 5:
favorabiliores rei potius, quam actores habentur,
Dig. 50, 17, 167.—
2.
Esp., introducing a repetition of a thought in a corrected or strengthened form: aut potius, vel potius, or rather, or I may better say, etc.:
efficiet enim ratio ut... mors aut malum non sit, aut sit bonum potius,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 23:
quam fuit imbecillus P. Africani filius, quam tenui aut nullā potius valetudine,
id. Sen. 11, 35:
erravit aut potius insanivit Apronius?
id. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 113:
Cato magnus hercule homo, vel potius summus et singularis vir,
id. Brut. 85, 293; Dig. 1, 5, 16.—
B.
Sup.: pŏtissĭmē ( pŏtissŭ-), and more freq. pŏtissĭmum ( pŏtissŭ-), chiefly, principally, especially, in preference to all others, above all, most of all (class.).—Form potissime, Cels. 3, 6.—Form potissimum:
responde, quo leto censes me ut peream potissimum?
Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 15; Ter. And. 2, 6, 23:
exsistat aliquis et potissimum Caecus ille,
Cic. Cael. 14, 33; id. Mur. 2, 4:
nos id potissimum consecuti sumus,
id. Tusc. 5, 4, 11:
tanta erat contentio, qui potissimum ex magno numero conscenderent, ut,
Caes. B. C. 2, 43:
quid agam? aut quo potissimum infelix accedam?
Sall. J. 14, 15; Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2; Lact. 2, 18, 3.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > potissimum
54 potissimus

pŏtis (in the positive rarely declined, and in the neutr. pŏte), adj. ( comp. pŏ-tĭor, ius; sup. pŏtissĭmus, a, um; class. only in the comp.) [Sanscr. patis, lord; Gr. posis, husband; des-potês, lord; Lat. compotis (compos) potiri].
I.
Posit., able, capable; possible (mostly ante-class. and poet.): divi qui potes pro illo quod Samothraces theoi dunatoi, Varr L. L. 5, § 58 Müll.; Macr. S. 3, 4:
nisi qui colaphos perpeti Potis parasitus,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 21.—Usually in the connection potis or pote est, he, she, or it is able, may, or can:
at ea supterfugere potis es pauca,
Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 17: neque sanguis ullo potis est pacto profluens consistere, old poet ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 38: istam non potis est vis saeva exstinguere venti, Poët. ap. Gell. 19, 9, 12:
at non Evandrum potis est vis ulla tenere,
Verg. A. 11, 148:
quod nunquam potis est sejungi,
Lucr. 1, 452:
nec potis est cerni,
id. 5, 719; Cat. 76, 24:
qui potis est?
how is it possible? id. 72, 7.—With plur.: si speres quicquam prodesse potis sunt, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 333 Müll. (Ann. v. 410 Vahl.):
duae plus satis dare potis sunt,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 17:
quid pastores potis sint,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2.—Without est: quis potis ingentes oras evolvere belli? Enn. ap. Diom. p. 381 P. (Ann. v. 178 Vahl.); Verg. A. 3, 671; Hor. C. 3, 17, 13.—Form pote:
si non aliud pote est,
Cat. 43, 16. Without est:
nec devitari letum pote,
Lucr. 3, 1079: viget, veget, utpote plurimum, Varr. ap Non. 2, 876:
nec non emptor pote ex empto vendito illum damnare,
id. R. R. 2, 2:
nec eniti remis pote,
Val. Fl. 4, 680; Prop. 2, 1, 46:
qui pote? vis dicam? nugaris,
Pers. 1, 56:
in te dici pote, Id, quod,
Cat. 98, 1:
nec peccatum a me quisquam pote dicere quicquam,
id. 67, 11:
hoc facito, sive id non pote sive pote,
be it impossible or possible, id. 76, 16:
quid pote simplicius?
what can be more simple? Mart. 9, 16, 2:
nihil pote supra,
nothing could exceed it, Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 11; Auct. ap. Cic. Brut. 46, 172; Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1:
quantum pote,
as soon as possible, id. ib. 4, 13, 1: quam pote, as much as possible (post-class.):
aufugiamus istinc quam pote longissime,
App. M. 1, p. 107, 9; 2, p. 119, 33.—
II.
Comp.: pŏtĭor, us, that may be preferred, preferred; better, preferable (class.).
A.
Of persons:
numquam edepol erit ille potior Harpax, quam ego,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 17; 1, 3, 95:
quem aequiust potiorem habere quam te?
id. Stich. 1, 2, 40: qui plus pollet potiorque est patre, old poet ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69; id. Fam. 10, 3, 2:
itaque cives potiores quam peregrini,
id. Lael. 5, 19:
Sosim et Moericum quibus tantam crederem rem, potiores habui,
Liv. 26, 31, 4:
at tu, qui potior nunc es,
happier in love, preferred, Tib. 1, 6, 33 (5, 69):
ut in judicio possessionis potior esset,
Dig. 18, 1, 34.—
B.
Of things, better, stronger, preferable, more useful or important:
nulla potior serenda,
Varr. R. R. 1, 15:
sucus,
Plin. 36, 22, 43, § 158:
novistine locum potiorem rure beato?
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 14:
sententia,
id. Epod. 16, 17:
mors civibus Romanis semper fuit servitute potior,
Cic. Phil. 10, 9, 19:
illi turpis vita integrā famā potior fuit,
Sall. J. 67, 3:
nihil mihi potius fuit quam ut Massinissam convenirem,
I had nothing more important, nothing more urgent to do, Cic. Rep. 6, 9, 9:
illa semper potiora duxisti, quae, etc.,
id. de Or. 3, 22, 82:
semper se rei publicae commoda privatis necessitatibus habuisse potiora,
Caes. B. C. 1, 8.— Subst.:
ut probetis potiora,
Vulg. Phil. 1, 10: hem, mater mea, tibi rem potiorem video (sc. verbis), I see a fact stronger than words, i. e. a clearer proof, Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 12.—
III.
Sup.: pŏtissĭmus, a, um, the chief, principal, most prominent, most important.
A.
Of persons ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
item huic ultro fit, ut Meret, potissimus nostrae domi ut sit,
Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 9:
tantis potissimus umbris,
Stat. Th. 4, 627:
potissimos libertorum veneno interficere,
Tac. A. 14, 65.—
B.
Of things (class.):
utrum potius, aut quid potissimum sit, quaeritur,
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:
cura,
Stat. S. 4, 4, 20:
nobilitas,
Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 25:
opusculum,
Plin. Ep. 4, 14, 10:
causa,
Tac. A. 4, 16.—Hence, adv., only in the comp. and sup.
A.
Comp.: pŏtĭus, rather, preferably, more (class.; cf.: satius, prius): quo nos vocabis nomine? Ar. Libortos. Le. Non patronos? Ar. Id potius, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 62:
sed scin', quid volo potius, sodes, facias?
Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 27; id. And. 5, 3, 2:
nec vero imperia expetenda: ac potius non accipienda interdum,
Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68.— With quam, Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 11:
Galliam potius esse Ariovisti quam populi Romani,
Caes. B. G. 1, 45.—When the predicates are compared, the verb in the following clause is always in the subj.:
perpessus est omnia potius quam conscios indicaret,
rather than, Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 52:
in oratione non vis potius quam delectatio postulatur,
Cic. de Or. 2, 78, 317:
privabo potius illum debito testimonio quam id cum meā laude communicem,
id. Ac. 2, 1, 3:
scribam aliquid potius, quam committam ut litterae non reddantur,
id. Att. 5, 6, 2:
nos potius nostro delicto plectemur, quam res publica nostra peccata luat,
Liv. 8, 7, 17:
per interregem comitia habenda potius, quam consulum alter a bello avocaretur,
id. 22, 23, 10; 9, 14, 16.— So with quam ut:
se miliens morituros potius quam ut tantum dedecoris admitti patiantur,
Liv. 4, 2, 8: audeo dicere hoc malo domitos ipsos potius cultores agrorum fore, quam ut armati, etc., id. 2, 34, 11; 6, 28, 8; 9, 14, 7.—But after verbs of willing, wishing (sometimes of declaring), the inf. is used:
dictatore obstinato tollere potius totum e re publicā consulatum, quam promiscuum facere,
Liv. 7, 21, 1; 23, 9, 8; 21, 13, 8: v. Weissenb. ad Liv. 2, 15, 2; Fest. s. v. olivitam, p. 202 Müll.; v. Muuml;ll. ad. loc. p. 203, a. —In an inverted order:
quam potius,
Verg. Copa, 5: quid mihi negotii est eum istis nugacibus, quam potius potamus mulsum? C. Titius ap. Macr. S. 2, 12.—Sometimes potius is to be supplied:
tacita, bona est mulier semper, quam loquens,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 70; id. Men. 5, 1, 26:
tamen statuit congredi, quam cum tantis copiis refugere,
Nep. Dat. 8, 1.—Pleon., with words which already express comparison.— Comp., Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 19:
Uticae potius quam Romae esse malle,
Cic. Lig. 2, 5:
favorabiliores rei potius, quam actores habentur,
Dig. 50, 17, 167.—
2.
Esp., introducing a repetition of a thought in a corrected or strengthened form: aut potius, vel potius, or rather, or I may better say, etc.:
efficiet enim ratio ut... mors aut malum non sit, aut sit bonum potius,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 23:
quam fuit imbecillus P. Africani filius, quam tenui aut nullā potius valetudine,
id. Sen. 11, 35:
erravit aut potius insanivit Apronius?
id. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 113:
Cato magnus hercule homo, vel potius summus et singularis vir,
id. Brut. 85, 293; Dig. 1, 5, 16.—
B.
Sup.: pŏtissĭmē ( pŏtissŭ-), and more freq. pŏtissĭmum ( pŏtissŭ-), chiefly, principally, especially, in preference to all others, above all, most of all (class.).—Form potissime, Cels. 3, 6.—Form potissimum:
responde, quo leto censes me ut peream potissimum?
Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 15; Ter. And. 2, 6, 23:
exsistat aliquis et potissimum Caecus ille,
Cic. Cael. 14, 33; id. Mur. 2, 4:
nos id potissimum consecuti sumus,
id. Tusc. 5, 4, 11:
tanta erat contentio, qui potissimum ex magno numero conscenderent, ut,
Caes. B. C. 2, 43:
quid agam? aut quo potissimum infelix accedam?
Sall. J. 14, 15; Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2; Lact. 2, 18, 3.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > potissimus
55 potissume

pŏtis (in the positive rarely declined, and in the neutr. pŏte), adj. ( comp. pŏ-tĭor, ius; sup. pŏtissĭmus, a, um; class. only in the comp.) [Sanscr. patis, lord; Gr. posis, husband; des-potês, lord; Lat. compotis (compos) potiri].
I.
Posit., able, capable; possible (mostly ante-class. and poet.): divi qui potes pro illo quod Samothraces theoi dunatoi, Varr L. L. 5, § 58 Müll.; Macr. S. 3, 4:
nisi qui colaphos perpeti Potis parasitus,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 21.—Usually in the connection potis or pote est, he, she, or it is able, may, or can:
at ea supterfugere potis es pauca,
Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 17: neque sanguis ullo potis est pacto profluens consistere, old poet ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 38: istam non potis est vis saeva exstinguere venti, Poët. ap. Gell. 19, 9, 12:
at non Evandrum potis est vis ulla tenere,
Verg. A. 11, 148:
quod nunquam potis est sejungi,
Lucr. 1, 452:
nec potis est cerni,
id. 5, 719; Cat. 76, 24:
qui potis est?
how is it possible? id. 72, 7.—With plur.: si speres quicquam prodesse potis sunt, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 333 Müll. (Ann. v. 410 Vahl.):
duae plus satis dare potis sunt,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 17:
quid pastores potis sint,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2.—Without est: quis potis ingentes oras evolvere belli? Enn. ap. Diom. p. 381 P. (Ann. v. 178 Vahl.); Verg. A. 3, 671; Hor. C. 3, 17, 13.—Form pote:
si non aliud pote est,
Cat. 43, 16. Without est:
nec devitari letum pote,
Lucr. 3, 1079: viget, veget, utpote plurimum, Varr. ap Non. 2, 876:
nec non emptor pote ex empto vendito illum damnare,
id. R. R. 2, 2:
nec eniti remis pote,
Val. Fl. 4, 680; Prop. 2, 1, 46:
qui pote? vis dicam? nugaris,
Pers. 1, 56:
in te dici pote, Id, quod,
Cat. 98, 1:
nec peccatum a me quisquam pote dicere quicquam,
id. 67, 11:
hoc facito, sive id non pote sive pote,
be it impossible or possible, id. 76, 16:
quid pote simplicius?
what can be more simple? Mart. 9, 16, 2:
nihil pote supra,
nothing could exceed it, Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 11; Auct. ap. Cic. Brut. 46, 172; Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1:
quantum pote,
as soon as possible, id. ib. 4, 13, 1: quam pote, as much as possible (post-class.):
aufugiamus istinc quam pote longissime,
App. M. 1, p. 107, 9; 2, p. 119, 33.—
II.
Comp.: pŏtĭor, us, that may be preferred, preferred; better, preferable (class.).
A.
Of persons:
numquam edepol erit ille potior Harpax, quam ego,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 17; 1, 3, 95:
quem aequiust potiorem habere quam te?
id. Stich. 1, 2, 40: qui plus pollet potiorque est patre, old poet ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69; id. Fam. 10, 3, 2:
itaque cives potiores quam peregrini,
id. Lael. 5, 19:
Sosim et Moericum quibus tantam crederem rem, potiores habui,
Liv. 26, 31, 4:
at tu, qui potior nunc es,
happier in love, preferred, Tib. 1, 6, 33 (5, 69):
ut in judicio possessionis potior esset,
Dig. 18, 1, 34.—
B.
Of things, better, stronger, preferable, more useful or important:
nulla potior serenda,
Varr. R. R. 1, 15:
sucus,
Plin. 36, 22, 43, § 158:
novistine locum potiorem rure beato?
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 14:
sententia,
id. Epod. 16, 17:
mors civibus Romanis semper fuit servitute potior,
Cic. Phil. 10, 9, 19:
illi turpis vita integrā famā potior fuit,
Sall. J. 67, 3:
nihil mihi potius fuit quam ut Massinissam convenirem,
I had nothing more important, nothing more urgent to do, Cic. Rep. 6, 9, 9:
illa semper potiora duxisti, quae, etc.,
id. de Or. 3, 22, 82:
semper se rei publicae commoda privatis necessitatibus habuisse potiora,
Caes. B. C. 1, 8.— Subst.:
ut probetis potiora,
Vulg. Phil. 1, 10: hem, mater mea, tibi rem potiorem video (sc. verbis), I see a fact stronger than words, i. e. a clearer proof, Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 12.—
III.
Sup.: pŏtissĭmus, a, um, the chief, principal, most prominent, most important.
A.
Of persons ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
item huic ultro fit, ut Meret, potissimus nostrae domi ut sit,
Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 9:
tantis potissimus umbris,
Stat. Th. 4, 627:
potissimos libertorum veneno interficere,
Tac. A. 14, 65.—
B.
Of things (class.):
utrum potius, aut quid potissimum sit, quaeritur,
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:
cura,
Stat. S. 4, 4, 20:
nobilitas,
Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 25:
opusculum,
Plin. Ep. 4, 14, 10:
causa,
Tac. A. 4, 16.—Hence, adv., only in the comp. and sup.
A.
Comp.: pŏtĭus, rather, preferably, more (class.; cf.: satius, prius): quo nos vocabis nomine? Ar. Libortos. Le. Non patronos? Ar. Id potius, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 62:
sed scin', quid volo potius, sodes, facias?
Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 27; id. And. 5, 3, 2:
nec vero imperia expetenda: ac potius non accipienda interdum,
Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68.— With quam, Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 11:
Galliam potius esse Ariovisti quam populi Romani,
Caes. B. G. 1, 45.—When the predicates are compared, the verb in the following clause is always in the subj.:
perpessus est omnia potius quam conscios indicaret,
rather than, Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 52:
in oratione non vis potius quam delectatio postulatur,
Cic. de Or. 2, 78, 317:
privabo potius illum debito testimonio quam id cum meā laude communicem,
id. Ac. 2, 1, 3:
scribam aliquid potius, quam committam ut litterae non reddantur,
id. Att. 5, 6, 2:
nos potius nostro delicto plectemur, quam res publica nostra peccata luat,
Liv. 8, 7, 17:
per interregem comitia habenda potius, quam consulum alter a bello avocaretur,
id. 22, 23, 10; 9, 14, 16.— So with quam ut:
se miliens morituros potius quam ut tantum dedecoris admitti patiantur,
Liv. 4, 2, 8: audeo dicere hoc malo domitos ipsos potius cultores agrorum fore, quam ut armati, etc., id. 2, 34, 11; 6, 28, 8; 9, 14, 7.—But after verbs of willing, wishing (sometimes of declaring), the inf. is used:
dictatore obstinato tollere potius totum e re publicā consulatum, quam promiscuum facere,
Liv. 7, 21, 1; 23, 9, 8; 21, 13, 8: v. Weissenb. ad Liv. 2, 15, 2; Fest. s. v. olivitam, p. 202 Müll.; v. Muuml;ll. ad. loc. p. 203, a. —In an inverted order:
quam potius,
Verg. Copa, 5: quid mihi negotii est eum istis nugacibus, quam potius potamus mulsum? C. Titius ap. Macr. S. 2, 12.—Sometimes potius is to be supplied:
tacita, bona est mulier semper, quam loquens,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 70; id. Men. 5, 1, 26:
tamen statuit congredi, quam cum tantis copiis refugere,
Nep. Dat. 8, 1.—Pleon., with words which already express comparison.— Comp., Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 19:
Uticae potius quam Romae esse malle,
Cic. Lig. 2, 5:
favorabiliores rei potius, quam actores habentur,
Dig. 50, 17, 167.—
2.
Esp., introducing a repetition of a thought in a corrected or strengthened form: aut potius, vel potius, or rather, or I may better say, etc.:
efficiet enim ratio ut... mors aut malum non sit, aut sit bonum potius,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 23:
quam fuit imbecillus P. Africani filius, quam tenui aut nullā potius valetudine,
id. Sen. 11, 35:
erravit aut potius insanivit Apronius?
id. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 113:
Cato magnus hercule homo, vel potius summus et singularis vir,
id. Brut. 85, 293; Dig. 1, 5, 16.—
B.
Sup.: pŏtissĭmē ( pŏtissŭ-), and more freq. pŏtissĭmum ( pŏtissŭ-), chiefly, principally, especially, in preference to all others, above all, most of all (class.).—Form potissime, Cels. 3, 6.—Form potissimum:
responde, quo leto censes me ut peream potissimum?
Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 15; Ter. And. 2, 6, 23:
exsistat aliquis et potissimum Caecus ille,
Cic. Cael. 14, 33; id. Mur. 2, 4:
nos id potissimum consecuti sumus,
id. Tusc. 5, 4, 11:
tanta erat contentio, qui potissimum ex magno numero conscenderent, ut,
Caes. B. C. 2, 43:
quid agam? aut quo potissimum infelix accedam?
Sall. J. 14, 15; Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2; Lact. 2, 18, 3.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > potissume
56 potissumum

pŏtis (in the positive rarely declined, and in the neutr. pŏte), adj. ( comp. pŏ-tĭor, ius; sup. pŏtissĭmus, a, um; class. only in the comp.) [Sanscr. patis, lord; Gr. posis, husband; des-potês, lord; Lat. compotis (compos) potiri].
I.
Posit., able, capable; possible (mostly ante-class. and poet.): divi qui potes pro illo quod Samothraces theoi dunatoi, Varr L. L. 5, § 58 Müll.; Macr. S. 3, 4:
nisi qui colaphos perpeti Potis parasitus,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 21.—Usually in the connection potis or pote est, he, she, or it is able, may, or can:
at ea supterfugere potis es pauca,
Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 17: neque sanguis ullo potis est pacto profluens consistere, old poet ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 38: istam non potis est vis saeva exstinguere venti, Poët. ap. Gell. 19, 9, 12:
at non Evandrum potis est vis ulla tenere,
Verg. A. 11, 148:
quod nunquam potis est sejungi,
Lucr. 1, 452:
nec potis est cerni,
id. 5, 719; Cat. 76, 24:
qui potis est?
how is it possible? id. 72, 7.—With plur.: si speres quicquam prodesse potis sunt, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 333 Müll. (Ann. v. 410 Vahl.):
duae plus satis dare potis sunt,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 17:
quid pastores potis sint,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2.—Without est: quis potis ingentes oras evolvere belli? Enn. ap. Diom. p. 381 P. (Ann. v. 178 Vahl.); Verg. A. 3, 671; Hor. C. 3, 17, 13.—Form pote:
si non aliud pote est,
Cat. 43, 16. Without est:
nec devitari letum pote,
Lucr. 3, 1079: viget, veget, utpote plurimum, Varr. ap Non. 2, 876:
nec non emptor pote ex empto vendito illum damnare,
id. R. R. 2, 2:
nec eniti remis pote,
Val. Fl. 4, 680; Prop. 2, 1, 46:
qui pote? vis dicam? nugaris,
Pers. 1, 56:
in te dici pote, Id, quod,
Cat. 98, 1:
nec peccatum a me quisquam pote dicere quicquam,
id. 67, 11:
hoc facito, sive id non pote sive pote,
be it impossible or possible, id. 76, 16:
quid pote simplicius?
what can be more simple? Mart. 9, 16, 2:
nihil pote supra,
nothing could exceed it, Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 11; Auct. ap. Cic. Brut. 46, 172; Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1:
quantum pote,
as soon as possible, id. ib. 4, 13, 1: quam pote, as much as possible (post-class.):
aufugiamus istinc quam pote longissime,
App. M. 1, p. 107, 9; 2, p. 119, 33.—
II.
Comp.: pŏtĭor, us, that may be preferred, preferred; better, preferable (class.).
A.
Of persons:
numquam edepol erit ille potior Harpax, quam ego,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 17; 1, 3, 95:
quem aequiust potiorem habere quam te?
id. Stich. 1, 2, 40: qui plus pollet potiorque est patre, old poet ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69; id. Fam. 10, 3, 2:
itaque cives potiores quam peregrini,
id. Lael. 5, 19:
Sosim et Moericum quibus tantam crederem rem, potiores habui,
Liv. 26, 31, 4:
at tu, qui potior nunc es,
happier in love, preferred, Tib. 1, 6, 33 (5, 69):
ut in judicio possessionis potior esset,
Dig. 18, 1, 34.—
B.
Of things, better, stronger, preferable, more useful or important:
nulla potior serenda,
Varr. R. R. 1, 15:
sucus,
Plin. 36, 22, 43, § 158:
novistine locum potiorem rure beato?
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 14:
sententia,
id. Epod. 16, 17:
mors civibus Romanis semper fuit servitute potior,
Cic. Phil. 10, 9, 19:
illi turpis vita integrā famā potior fuit,
Sall. J. 67, 3:
nihil mihi potius fuit quam ut Massinissam convenirem,
I had nothing more important, nothing more urgent to do, Cic. Rep. 6, 9, 9:
illa semper potiora duxisti, quae, etc.,
id. de Or. 3, 22, 82:
semper se rei publicae commoda privatis necessitatibus habuisse potiora,
Caes. B. C. 1, 8.— Subst.:
ut probetis potiora,
Vulg. Phil. 1, 10: hem, mater mea, tibi rem potiorem video (sc. verbis), I see a fact stronger than words, i. e. a clearer proof, Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 12.—
III.
Sup.: pŏtissĭmus, a, um, the chief, principal, most prominent, most important.
A.
Of persons ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
item huic ultro fit, ut Meret, potissimus nostrae domi ut sit,
Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 9:
tantis potissimus umbris,
Stat. Th. 4, 627:
potissimos libertorum veneno interficere,
Tac. A. 14, 65.—
B.
Of things (class.):
utrum potius, aut quid potissimum sit, quaeritur,
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:
cura,
Stat. S. 4, 4, 20:
nobilitas,
Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 25:
opusculum,
Plin. Ep. 4, 14, 10:
causa,
Tac. A. 4, 16.—Hence, adv., only in the comp. and sup.
A.
Comp.: pŏtĭus, rather, preferably, more (class.; cf.: satius, prius): quo nos vocabis nomine? Ar. Libortos. Le. Non patronos? Ar. Id potius, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 62:
sed scin', quid volo potius, sodes, facias?
Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 27; id. And. 5, 3, 2:
nec vero imperia expetenda: ac potius non accipienda interdum,
Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68.— With quam, Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 11:
Galliam potius esse Ariovisti quam populi Romani,
Caes. B. G. 1, 45.—When the predicates are compared, the verb in the following clause is always in the subj.:
perpessus est omnia potius quam conscios indicaret,
rather than, Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 52:
in oratione non vis potius quam delectatio postulatur,
Cic. de Or. 2, 78, 317:
privabo potius illum debito testimonio quam id cum meā laude communicem,
id. Ac. 2, 1, 3:
scribam aliquid potius, quam committam ut litterae non reddantur,
id. Att. 5, 6, 2:
nos potius nostro delicto plectemur, quam res publica nostra peccata luat,
Liv. 8, 7, 17:
per interregem comitia habenda potius, quam consulum alter a bello avocaretur,
id. 22, 23, 10; 9, 14, 16.— So with quam ut:
se miliens morituros potius quam ut tantum dedecoris admitti patiantur,
Liv. 4, 2, 8: audeo dicere hoc malo domitos ipsos potius cultores agrorum fore, quam ut armati, etc., id. 2, 34, 11; 6, 28, 8; 9, 14, 7.—But after verbs of willing, wishing (sometimes of declaring), the inf. is used:
dictatore obstinato tollere potius totum e re publicā consulatum, quam promiscuum facere,
Liv. 7, 21, 1; 23, 9, 8; 21, 13, 8: v. Weissenb. ad Liv. 2, 15, 2; Fest. s. v. olivitam, p. 202 Müll.; v. Muuml;ll. ad. loc. p. 203, a. —In an inverted order:
quam potius,
Verg. Copa, 5: quid mihi negotii est eum istis nugacibus, quam potius potamus mulsum? C. Titius ap. Macr. S. 2, 12.—Sometimes potius is to be supplied:
tacita, bona est mulier semper, quam loquens,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 70; id. Men. 5, 1, 26:
tamen statuit congredi, quam cum tantis copiis refugere,
Nep. Dat. 8, 1.—Pleon., with words which already express comparison.— Comp., Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 19:
Uticae potius quam Romae esse malle,
Cic. Lig. 2, 5:
favorabiliores rei potius, quam actores habentur,
Dig. 50, 17, 167.—
2.
Esp., introducing a repetition of a thought in a corrected or strengthened form: aut potius, vel potius, or rather, or I may better say, etc.:
efficiet enim ratio ut... mors aut malum non sit, aut sit bonum potius,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 23:
quam fuit imbecillus P. Africani filius, quam tenui aut nullā potius valetudine,
id. Sen. 11, 35:
erravit aut potius insanivit Apronius?
id. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 113:
Cato magnus hercule homo, vel potius summus et singularis vir,
id. Brut. 85, 293; Dig. 1, 5, 16.—
B.
Sup.: pŏtissĭmē ( pŏtissŭ-), and more freq. pŏtissĭmum ( pŏtissŭ-), chiefly, principally, especially, in preference to all others, above all, most of all (class.).—Form potissime, Cels. 3, 6.—Form potissimum:
responde, quo leto censes me ut peream potissimum?
Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 15; Ter. And. 2, 6, 23:
exsistat aliquis et potissimum Caecus ille,
Cic. Cael. 14, 33; id. Mur. 2, 4:
nos id potissimum consecuti sumus,
id. Tusc. 5, 4, 11:
tanta erat contentio, qui potissimum ex magno numero conscenderent, ut,
Caes. B. C. 2, 43:
quid agam? aut quo potissimum infelix accedam?
Sall. J. 14, 15; Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2; Lact. 2, 18, 3.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > potissumum
57 plūsculus

plūsculus adj. dim. [plus], somewhat more, a little more: plusculā Supellectile opus est, T.—As subst n.: plusculum etiam, quam concedit veritas, amori nostro largiare, grant a little more influence: ut plusculum sibi iuris populus ascisceret, somewhat larger rights.
* * *

pluscula, plusculum ADJ

somewhat more, rather more

Latin-English dictionary > plūsculus
58 suprā

suprā adv. with comp. superius [for superā (sc. parte) abl. of superus].—Of place, on the upper side, on the top, above: omnia haec, quae supra et subter, unum esse dixerunt: numero iumentorum in flumine supra atque infra constituto, Cs.: toto vertice supra est, i. e. is taller, V.: vidit Victorem supra hostem, i. e. stretched over them, O.: stupet inscia supra, V.—In speech or writing, above, before, formerly, previously: quae supra dixi: quae supra scripsi: demonstravimus, Cs.: Quantum valerent litterae, Dixi superius, Ph. —Fig., of time, before, formerly: supra repetere, from past times, S.—Of number or measure, beyond, over, more: supra adiecit Aeschrio, offered more: ita accurate, ut nihil posset supra: nihil supra Deos lacesso, H.: saepe supra feret, quam fieri possit, more than: corpus patiens inediae, supra quam cuiquam credibile est, S.
* * *
I
ADV

on top; more; above; before, formerly
II
PREP ACC

above, beyond; over; more than; in charge of, in authority over

Latin-English dictionary > suprā
59 ūlterior

ūlterior ius, adj. comp, farther, on the farther side, that is beyond, more remote (for sup. see ultimus): quis est ulterior? T.: Gallia, i. e. transalpine, Cs.: pars urbis, L.: ripa, V.: Ulterius medio spatium, O.—Fig., more extreme, worse: quo quid ulterius privato timendum foret? L.— Plur m. as subst, the more remote persons, those farther on, those beyond: cum ab proximis impetrare non possent, ulteriores tentant, Cs.: proximi ripae neglegenter, ulteriores exquisitius, Ta.— Plur n. as subst, that which is beyond, things beyond, farther, more: pudor est ulteriora loqui, O.—Neut. As adv., beyond, farther on, farther: abire, O.: Ulterius nihil est, nisi, etc., O.—Further, more, longer, in a greater degree: Ulterius ne tende odiis, V.: ulterius dare corpus leto, O.
* * *

-or -us, ultimus -a -um ADJ

far; farther; farthest, latest; last; highest, greatest

Latin-English dictionary > ūlterior
60 ac

atque or āc (atque is used before vowels and consonants, ac, in class. lang., only before consonants; v. infra, I.), conj. [at has regularly in the compound atque a continuative, as in atqui it has an adversative force; pr. and further, and besides, and also; cf. in Gr. pros de, pros de eti, eti kai, eti de, and te kai; v. at init., and for the change of form atque, ac, cf. neque, nec; in MSS. and inscriptions sometimes written adque, and sometimes by confusion atqui ], a copulative particle, and also, and besides, and even, and (indicating a close internal connection between single words or whole clauses; while et designates an external connection of diff. objects with each other, v. et; syn.: et, -que, autem, praeterea, porro, ad hoc, ad haec).
I.
In joining single words, which is its most common use.
A.
In gen. (The following representation is based on a collection of all the instances of the use of atque and ac in Cic. Imp. Pomp., Phil. 2, Tusc. 1, and Off. 1; in Caes. B. G. 1 and 2; in Sall. C.; and in Liv. 21; and wherever in the account either author or work is not cited, there atque or ac does not occur.)
1.
The form atque.
a.
Before vowels and h. —Before a (very freq.):
sociorum atque amicorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; id. Phil. 2, 13, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 34, 122; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; 1, 18; 1, 26; 2, 14; Sall. C. 5, 8; 7, 5; Liv. 21, 3; 21, 12.—Before e (very freq.):
deposci atque expeti,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 5; 6, 16; 10, 28; id. Phil, 2, 21, 51; 2, 21, 52; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; Caes. B. G. 1, 6; 1, 15; 1, 18; 2, 19; Sall. C. 14, 6; 49, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 37.—Before i (very freq.):
excitare atque inflammare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; 7, 18; id. Phil. 2, 15, 37; 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; 1, 40, 97; Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 1, 20; 1, 22; 2, 1 bis; Sall. C. 2, 3; 3, 5; 14, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 6; 21, 10.—Before o (freq. in Cic.):
honestissimus atque ornatissimus,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17; 8, 21; 11, 31; id. Off. 1, 25, 86; 1, 27, 94; Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 14; Sall. C. 10, 6; Liv. 21, 8.—Before u (very rare), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7; 5, 11; 6, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 2, 20; Sall. C. 31, 6; 42, 1.—Before h (not infreq.):
Sertorianae atque Hispaniensis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 24, 87; Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 2, 9; 2, 10; Sall. C. 6, 1; 12, 2; Liv. 21, 37.—
b.
Before consonants.—Before b (very rare):
Gallorum atque Belgarum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; so,
Cassius atque Brutus,
Tac. A. 3, 76.—Before c (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Sall.):
in portubus atque custodiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 16; 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 8, 18; id. Tusc. 1, 18, 42; id. Off. 1, 25, 88; Sall. C. 2, 3; 7, 4; 16, 3; 26, 4; 29, 3.—Before d (infreq.):
superatam esse atque depressam,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 44, 114: id. Off. 1, 6, 19; 1, 25, 85; 1, 33, 119; Sall. C. 4, 1; 20, 7; 20, 10.—Before f (infreq.):
vitiis atque flagitiis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 30, 72; id. Off. 1, 28, 98; 1, 28, 100; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; Sall. C. 1, 4; 2, 9; 11, 2.— Before g (very rare):
dignitate atque gloria,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 11; 5, 12:
virtute atque gloria,
Sall. C. 3, 2; 61, 9.—Before j (very rare):
labore atque justitia,
Sall. C. 10, 1; 29, 3.—Before l (rare):
hilari atque laeto,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 100; id. Off. 1, 19, 64; Sall. C. 14, 3; 21, 2; 28, 4.—Before m (infreq. in Cic., once in Caes.):
multae atque magnae,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 17, 50; id. Phil. 2, 39, 100; id. Off. 1, 29, 103; 1, 31, 110; Caes. B. G. 1, 34; Sall. C. 18, 4; 31, 7; 34, 1; 51, 1.—Before n (infreq.):
adventu atque nomine,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13; 20, 60; id. Off. 1, 28, 101; Sall. C. 2, 2 bis. —Before p (infreq. in Cic.):
magna atque praeclara,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 11, 31; 16, 48; id. Off. 1, 44, 156; Sall. C. 4, 1; 4, 4; 16, 2; 20, 3.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (rare):
se conlegit atque recreavit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 58.— Before s (rare in Cic.):
provinciarum atque sociorum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 24, 71; id. Off. 1, 9, 30; 1, 21, 72; Sall. C. 2, 5; 2, 7; 6, 1.— Before t (infreq.):
parietum atque tectorum,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69; id. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. Off. 1, 35, 126; Sall. C. 42, 2; 50, 3; 51, 38.—Before v (infreq.):
gravis atque vehemens,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 9, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 23, 54; Sall. C. 1, 1; 12, 3; 45, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 30.—
2.
The form ac before consonants.—Before b (very rare):
sentientes ac bene meritos,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 149:
feri ac barbari,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31 and 33.—Before c (very rare):
liberis ac conjugibus,
Liv. 21, 30:
Romae ac circa urbem,
id. 21, 62.—Before d (freq. in Cic.):
periculum ac discrimen,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12; 9, 23; 12, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 40; 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 14, 42:
usus ac disciplina,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 31; Sall. C. 5, 4; 5, 8; 28, 1; Liv. 21, 10; 21, 18; 21, 19.—Before f (infreq.):
opima est ac fertilis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; 1, 27, 66; id. Off. 1, 29, 103:
potentissimos ac firmissimos,
Caes. B. G. 1, 3; 1, 48; 2, 12;
2, 13: pessuma ac flagitiosissima,
Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 17; 21, 20.—Before g (does not occur).—Before j (very rare):
nobilitatis ac juventutis,
Cic. Phil. 2, 15, 37.—Before l (not infreq. in Liv.), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 9; 23, 66; id. Phil. 2, 22, 54; Caes. B. G. 1, 12; 1, 23; 2, 23; Liv. 21, 13; 21, 14; 21, 35.—Before m (not infreq. in Cic.):
terrore ac metu,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 18, 54 bis; 20, 59; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 95; id. Off. 1, 30, 106; Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 2, 14; Sall. C. 2, 4; 10, 1; Liv. 21, 8; 21, 60.—Before n (not infreq. in Cic.):
insedit ac nimis inveteravit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:
gentes ac nationes,
id. ib. 11, 31; 12, 35 bis; id. Phil. 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48; Caes. B. G. 1, 20; 2, 28; Liv. 21, 32.—Before p (not infreq. in Cic., Caes., and Liv.):
celeberrimum ac plenissimum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; 12, 35; 13, 36; id. Phil. 2, 15, 39; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 41; id. Off. 1, 20, 68; Caes. B. G. 1, 18; 1, 20; 2, 13; 2, 19; Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 25; 21, 34; 21, 35.—Before q (does not occur).—Before r (infreq.):
firmamenti ac roboris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 8, 21; 15, 45; id. Off. 1, 5, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; Liv. 21, 41; 21, 44.—Before s (freq. in Cic. and Liv., infreq. in Caes.):
vectigalibus ac sociis,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4; 4, 10; 11, 30; id. Phil. 2, 27, 66; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; 1, 31; 1, 33; 2, 24; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 33 bis; 21, 36.—Before t (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Liv.):
tantis rebus ac tanto bello,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 27 bis; 19, 56; 20, 59; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 1, 39; 2, 6; Liv. 21, 7 ter; 21, 10; 21, 14; 21, 25.—Before v (not in Cic., only once in Caes. and Sall., but freq. in Liv.):
armatos ac victores,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:
inconsulte ac veluti etc.,
Sall. C. 42, 2:
opera ac vineae,
Liv. 21, 7; 21, 22; 21, 40; 21, 43. —(So in the phrases treated below: atque adeo, atque alter or alius, atque eccum, atque eo, atque etiam, atque illuc, atque is or hic, atque iterum, atque omnia, atque ut, atque late, atque sic, atque velut, but ac ne, ac si, and ac tamen).—With simul:
Britannorum acies in speciem simul ac terrorem editioribus locis constiterat,
Tac. Agr. 35:
in se simul atque in Herculem,
id. G. 34:
suos prosequitur simul ac deponit,
id. ib. 30; so,
sociis pariter atque hostibus,
id. H. 4, 73:
innocentes ac noxios juxta cadere,
id. A. 1, 48.—Hence, sometimes syn. with et—et, ut—ita, aeque ac; both—and, as—so, as well—as, as well as: hodie sero ac nequiquam [p. 190] voles, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103 (cf. Cic. Quinct. 25, 79:
verum et sero et nequidquam pudet): copia sententiarum atque verborum,
Cic. Cael. 19, 45:
omnia honesta atque inhonesta,
Sall. C. 30, 4:
nobiles atque ignobiles,
id. ib. 20, 7:
caloris ac frigoris patientia par,
Liv. 21, 4; 6, 41; Vell. 2, 127:
vir bonus et prudens dici delector ego ac tu,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32.—
B.
Esp.
a.
In a hendiadys:
utinam isto animo atque virtute in summa re publica versari quam in municipali maluisset,
with this virtuous feeling, Cic. Leg. 3, 16, 36:
de conplexu ejus ac sinu,
of his bosom embrace, id. Cat. 2, 10, 22:
me eadem, quae ceteros, fama atque invidia vexabat, i. e. invidiosa fama,
Sall. C. 3 fin.:
clamore atque adsensu,
shout of applause, Liv. 21, 3.—
b.
In joining to the idea of a preceding word one more important, and indeed, and even, and especially (v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 4, 3).
(α).
Absol.: Pa. Nempe tu istic ais esse erilem concubinam? Sc. Atque arguo me etc., yea and I maintain that I etc., Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 66: Ph. Tun vidisti? Sc. Atque his quidem oculis, id. ib. 2, 4, 15: Ps. Ecquid habet is homo aceti in pectore? Ch. Atque acidissimi, id. Ps. 2, 4, 49; so id. Bacch. 3, 6, 9; id. Men. 1, 2, 40: Py. Cognoscitne (ea)? Ch. Ac memoriter, Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 6:
Faciam boni tibi aliquid pro ista re ac lubens,
and with a good will, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 15:
rem difficilem (dii immortales) atque omnium difficillimam,
and indeed, Cic. Or. 16, 52:
magna diis immortalibus habenda est gratia atque huic ipsi Jovi Statori, etc.,
and especially, id. Cat. 1, 5, 11:
hebeti ingenio atque nullo,
and in fact, id. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:
ex plurimis periculis et insidiis atque ex media morte,
and even, id. Cat. 4, 9:
fratre meo atque eodem propinquo suo interfecto,
and at the same time, Sall. J. 14, 11:
intra moenia atque in sinu urbis,
id. C. 52, 35.—
(β).
With adeo, and that too, and even:
intra moenia atque adeo in senatu,
Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5:
qui in urbe remanserunt atque adeo qui contra urbis salutem etc.,
id. ib. 2, 12, 27:
insto atque urgeo, insector, posco atque adeo flagito crimen,
id. Planc. 19 fin.:
non petentem atque adeo etiam absentem,
Liv. 10, 5.—And with autem also added:
atque adeo autem quor etc.,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 42.—
(γ).
With etiam:
id jam populare atque etiam plausibile factum est,
and also, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 3, 8:
ne Verginio commeatum dent atque etiam in custodia habeant,
Liv. 3, 46.—
(δ).
With the dem. pron. hic, is:
negotium magnum est navigare atque id mense Quintili,
and besides, and that, and that too, Cic. Att. 5, 12; 1, 14:
maximis defixis trabibus atque eis praeacutis,
Caes. B. C. 1, 27:
Asseres pedum XII. cuspidibus praefixis atque hi maximis ballistis missi,
id. ib. 2, 2:
duabus missis subsidio cohortibus a Caesare, atque his primis legionum duarum,
id. B. G. 5, 15; id. B. C. 3, 70:
flumen uno omnino loco pedibus atque hoc aegre transiri potest,
id. B. G. 5, 18:
ad celeritatem onerandi subductionesque paulo facit humiliores... atque id eo magis, quod, etc.,
id. ib. 5, 1; cf. without id (perh. to avoid the repetition of the pron.): qua (sc. virtute) nostri milites facile superabant, atque eo magis, quod, etc., and that the more because etc., id. ib. 3, 8 fin.:
dicendi artem apta trepidatione occultans atque eo validior,
Tac. H. 1, 69; 2, 37; id. A. 4, 22; 4, 46.—
II.
In comparisons.
A.
Of equality (Rudd. II. p. 94; Zumpt, § 340); with par, idem, item, aequus, similis, juxta, talis, totidem, etc., as: et nota, quod ex hujus modi structura Graeca (sc. homoios kai, etc.) frequenter Latini ac et atque in significatione similitudinis accipiunt, Prisc. pp. 1192 and 1193 P.; cf. Gell. 10, 29; Lidd. and Scott, s. v. kai, III.:
si parem sententiam hic habet ac formam,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 36: quom opulenti loquuntur pariter atque ignobiles, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4:
Ecastor pariter hoc atque alias res soles,
Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 52:
pariter nunc opera me adjuves ac re dudum opitulata es,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 3:
neque enim mihi par ratio cum Lucilio est ac tecum fuit,
Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 3:
parique eum atque illos imperio esse jussit,
Nep. Dat. 3, 5:
magistrum equitum pari ac dictatorem imperio fugavit,
id. Hann. 5, 3:
pariter patribus ac plebi carus,
Liv. 2, 33: nam et vita est eadem et animus te erga idem ac fuit, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 24:
In hanc argumentationes ex eisdem locis sumendae sunt atque in causam negotialem,
Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 70:
equi quod alii sunt ad rem militarem idonei, alii ad vecturam... non item sunt spectandi atque habendi,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 15; id. L. L. 10, § 74 Mull.:
cum ex provincia populi Romani aequam partem tu tibi sumpseris atque populo Romano miseris,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19:
Modo ne in aequo (jure) hostes apud vos sint ac nos socii,
Liv. 39, 37 (exs. with aeque; v. aeque, d); Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 83 fin.:
et simili jure tu ulcisceris patrui mortem atque ille persequeretur fratris sui, si, etc.,
id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 1, 4; id. Agr. 1, 4 fin.:
similem pavorem inde ac fugam fore, ac bello Gallico fuerit,
Liv. 6, 28; Col. 5, 7, 3:
contendant, se juxta hieme atque aestate bella gerere posse,
Liv. 5, 6; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 1, 54, 9:
faxo eum tali mactatum, atque hic est, infortunio,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 39; Cic. Vatin. 4, 10:
cum totidem navibus atque erat profectus,
Nep. Milt. 7, 4.—
B.
Of difference; with alius and its derivv., with dissimile, contra, contrarius, secus, etc., than:
illi sunt alio ingenio atque tu,
other than, different from, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 35 al.; v. the passages under alius, I. B. a:
aliter tuum amorem atque est accipis,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 23 al.; v. the passages under aliter, 1. a.; cf.
also aliorsum, II., and aliusmodi: quod est non dissimile atque ire in Solonium,
Cic. Att. 2, 3:
simulacrum in excelso collocare et, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,
id. Cat. 3, 8, 20:
vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,
id. Div. 2, 24 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 1, 46:
qui versantur retro, contrario motu atque caelum,
id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:
membra paulo secus a me atque ab illo partita,
id. de Or. 3, 30, 119:
cujus ego salutem non secus ac meam tueri debeo,
id. Planc. 1 fin. al.; v. contra, contrarius, secus, etc.—
C.
Sometimes, in cases of equality or difference, atque with ut or ac with si (with aliter affirm. Cic. appears to connect only atque ut, not ac si;
once, however, non aliter, ac si,
Cic. Att. 13, 51;
v. aliter, 1. b.): pariter hoc fit atque ut alia facta sunt,
Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 11:
nec fallaciam Astutiorem ullus fecit poeta atque Ut haec est fabre facta a nobis,
id. Cas. 5, 1, 6 sqq.:
quod iste aliter atque ut edixerat decrevisset,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46:
et qui suos casus aliter ferunt atque ut auctores aliis ipsi fuerunt, etc.,
id. Tusc. 3, 30, 73:
si mentionem fecerint, quo aliter ager possideretur atque ut ex legibus Juliis,
id. Att. 2, 18, 2; 16, 13, c; cf. Wopk. Lect. Tull. 1, 15, p. 118; Dig. 43, 13, 11:
Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent,
just as if, Cic. Fam. 13, 43:
tu autem similiter facis ac si me roges, etc.,
id. N. D. 3, 3, 8:
reliquis officiis, juxta ac si meus frater esset, sustentavit,
id. Post. Red. in Sen. 8, 20:
quod dandum est amicitiae, large dabitur a me non secus ac si meus esset frater,
id. Mur. 4 fin.:
haec sunt, tribuni, consilia vestra, non, hercule, dissimilia, ac si quis, etc.,
Liv. 5, 5 fin. al. —
D.
More rare with nimis, in partem, pro eo, etc.;
in Plaut. also with mutare or demutare = aliud esse: nimis bellus, atque ut esse maxume optabam, locus,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 73:
haud centensumam Partem dixi atque, otium rei si sit, possim expromere,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 168: sane quam pro eo ac debui graviter molesteque tuli, just as was my duty, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:
debeo sperare, omnes deos, qui huic urbi praesident, pro eo mihi, ac mereor, relaturos gratiam esse,
Cic. Cat. 4, 2:
pro eo, ac si concessum sit, concludere oportebit argumentationem,
id. Inv. 1, 32, 54:
non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare,
nearly the same as he, id. Fam. 9, 13, 2:
neque se luna quoquam mutat atque uti exorta est semel,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 118:
num quid videtur demutare atque ut quidem Dixi?
id. Mil. 4, 3, 37.—
E.
Sometimes the word indicating comparison (aeque, tantopere, etc.) is to be supplied from the connection (in the class. per. perh. used only once by Cassius in epist. style):
nebula haud est mollis atque hujus est,
Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 21:
quem esse amicum ratus sum atque ipsus sum mihi,
id. Bacch. 3, 6, 20:
quae suco caret atque putris pumex,
Priap. 32, 7 (Mull., est putusque): digne ac mereor commendatus esse, Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13; Dig. 2, 14, 4; 19, 2, 54.—
F.
Poet. or in post-Aug. prose with comparatives (for quam), than:
amicior mihi nullus vivit atque is est,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 56:
non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 15 Ruhnk.:
Illi non minus ac tibi Pectore uritur intimo Flamma,
Cat. 61, 172:
haud minus ac jussi faciunt,
Verg. A. 3, 561:
Non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 46 Bentl. and Heind. (cf. infra:
nihilo plus accipias quam Qui nil portarit): qui peccas minus atque ego,
id. ib. 2, 7, 96:
Artius atque hedera procera adstringitur ilex,
id. Epod. 15, 5; Suet. Caes. 14 Ruhnk. —
G.
In the comparison of two periods of time, most freq. with simul (v. examples under simul); ante- or post-class. with principio, statim:
principio Atque animus ephebis aetate exiit,
as soon as, Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 40:
judici enim, statim atque factus est, omnium rerum officium incumbit,
Dig. 21, 1, 25:
quamvis, statim atque intercessit, mulier competierat,
ib. 16, 1, 24.—
III.
To connect a negative clause which explains or corrects what precedes; hence sometimes with potius (class.; in Cic. very freq., but rare in the poets), and not, and not rather.
a.
Absol.:
Decipiam ac non veniam,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 6:
si fidem habeat,... ac non id metuat, ne etc.,
id. Eun. 1, 2, 60:
perparvam vero controversiam dicis, ac non eam, quae dirimat omnia,
Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 54:
quasi nunc id agatur, quis ex tanta multitudine occiderit, ac non hoc quaeratur, eum, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 33:
si (mundum) tuum ac non deorum immortalium domicilium putes, nonne plane desipere videare?
id. N. D. 2, 6, 17:
nemo erat, qui illum reum ac non miliens condemnatum arbitraretur,
id. Att. 1, 16:
si hoc dissuadere est, ac non disturbare ac pervertere,
id. Agr. 2, 37, 101:
si res verba desideraret ac non pro se ipsa loqueretur,
id. Fam. 3, 2 fin.: hoc te exspectare tempus tibi turpe est ac non ei rei sapientia tua te occurrere, Serv. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6:
velut destituti ac non qui ipsi destituissent,
Liv. 8, 27; 7, 3 fin.:
si mihi mea sententia proferenda ac non disertissimorum,
Tac. Or. 1.—
b.
With potius:
Quam ob rem scriba deducet, ac non potius mulio, qui advexit?
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79 (B. and K., et):
quis (eum) ita aspexit, ut perditum civem, ac non potius ut importunissimum hostem?
id. Cat. 2, 6, 12.— Pliny the elder commonly employs in this sense atque non, not ac non:
concremasse ea (scrinia) optuma fide atque non legisse,
Plin. 7, 25, 26, § 94; 22, 24, 50, § 108; 29, 2, 9, § 29; 27, 9, 55, § 78; 31, 7, 39, § 73 et saep. —
IV.
In connecting clauses and beginning periods.
1.
In gen., and, and so, and even, and too: Pamph. Antiquam adeo tuam venustatem obtines. Bacch. Ac tu ecastor morem antiquom atque ingenium obtines, And you too, Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 20:
atque illi (philosopho) ordiri placet etc.,
Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 183: Africanus indigens mei? Minime hercle. Ac ne ego quidem illius, And I indeed not, etc., id. Lael. 9, 30; id. Fin. 5, 11, 33:
cum versus facias, te ipsum percontor, etc.... Atque ego cum Graecos facerem, natus mare citra, Versiculos, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 10, 31:
multa quippe et diversa angebant: validior per Germaniam exercitus, etc.... quos igitur anteferret? ac (i. e. similiter angebat), ne postpositi contumelia incenderentur,
Tac. A. 1, 47:
Minime, minime, inquit Secundus, atque adeo vellem maturius intervenisses,
Tac. Or. 14:
ac similiter in translatione, etc.,
Quint. 3, 6, 77.—
2.
In adducing new arguments of similar force in favor of any assertion or making further statements about a subject, etc.; cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 3, 11, 487.
a.
Absol.:
maxima est enim vis vetustatis et consuetudinis: atque in ipso equo, cujus modo mentionem feci, si, etc.,
and furthermore, and moreover, Cic. Lael. 19, 68: Atque, si natura confirmatura jus non erit, virtutes omnes tollentur, id. Leg. 1, 15, 42 B. and K. —
b.
Often with etiam:
Atque alias etiam dicendi virtutes sequitur,
Cic. Or. 40, 139:
Atque hoc etiam animadvertendum non esse omnia etc.,
id. de Or. 2, 61, 251; so id. Off. 1, 26, 90; id. N. D. 2, 11, 30; Col. 2, 2, 3.—
c.
Sometimes with quoque:
Atque occidi quoque Potius quam cibum praehiberem,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 133; so Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32; Col. 2, 13, 3, and Cels. 2, 3; 3, 22.—
d.
And even with quoque etiam: Atque ego [p. 191] quoque etiam, qui Jovis sum filius, Contagione etc., Plaut. Am. prol. 30.—
3.
In narration:
aegre submoventes obvios intrare portam, qui adducebant Philopoemenem, potuerunt: atque conferta turba iter reliquum clauserat,
Liv. 39, 49; 5, 21 fin.:
completur caede, quantum inter castra murosque vacui fuit: ac rursus nova laborum facies,
Tac. H. 3, 30; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 28 fin. and 2, 29 init. —
4.
In introducing comparisons, atque ut, atque velut (mostly poet., esp. in epic poetry):
Atque ut perspicio, profecto etc.,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 53:
ac veluti magno in populo cum saepe coorta est Seditio.... Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor, etc.,
Verg. A. 1, 148; so id. G. 4, 170; id. A. 2, 626; 4, 402; 4, 441; 6, 707; 9, 59; 10, 405; 10, 707; 10, 803; 11, 809; 12, 365; 12, 521; 12, 684; 12, 715;
12, 908: Inclinare meridiem Sentis ac, veluti stet volucris dies, Parcis deripere etc.,
Hor. C. 3, 28, 6; Val. Fl. 6, 664;
and so, Ac velut in nigro jactatis turbine nautis, etc.... Tale fuit nobis Manius auxilium,
Cat. 68, 63 (for which Sillig and Muller read:
Hic velut, etc.): Atque ut magnas utilitates adipiscimur, etc.,
Cic. Off. 2, 5, 16:
Atque ut hujus mores veros amicos parere non potuerunt, sic etc.,
id. Lael. 15, 54.—
5.
In connecting two acts or events.
a.
In the order of time, and then; hence the ancient grammarians assume in it the notion of quick succession, and explain it, though improperly, as syn. with statim, ilico, without any accompanying copulative, v. Gell. 10, 29; Non. p. 530, 1 sq. (only in the poets and histt.): Atque atque accedit muros Romana juventus (the repetition of the atque represents the approach step by step), Enn. ap. Gell. and Non. l. l. (Ann. v. 527 Mull.): Quo imus una;
ad prandium? Atque illi tacent,
And then they are silent, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 19:
Ubi cenamus? inquam, atque illi abnuunt,
and upon this they shake their head, id. ib. 3, 1, 21; id. Ep. 2, 2, 33:
dum circumspecto atque ego lembum conspicor,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 45; so id. Merc. 2, 1, 32; 2, 1, 35; id. Most. 5, 1, 9:
lucernam forte oblitus fueram exstinguere: Atque ille exclamat derepente maximum,
and then he suddenly exclaims, id. ib. 2, 2, 57: cui fidus Achates It comes... atque illi Misenum in litore sicco Ut venere, vident, etc., and as they thus came, etc., Verg. A. 6, 162:
dixerat, atque illi sese deus obtulit ultro,
Stat. Th. 9, 481; 12, 360; Liv. 26, 39, 16; Tac. H. 3, 17:
tum Otho ingredi castra ausus: atque illum tribuni centurionesque circumsistunt,
id. ib. 1, 82. —Sometimes with two imperatives, in order to indicate vividly the necessity of a quicker succession, or the close connection between two actions:
cape hoc argentum atque defer,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 3:
abi domum ac deos comprecare,
id. Ad. 4, 5, 65:
tace modo ac sequere hac,
id. ib. 2, 4, 16:
Accipe carmina atque hanc sine tempora circum hederam tibi serpere,
Verg. E. 8, 12; id. G. 1, 40; 3, 65; 4, 330:
Da auxilium, pater, atque haec omina firma,
id. A. 2, 691; 3, 89; 3, 250; 3, 639; 4, 424; 9, 90; 10, 624; 11, 370.—
b.
In the order of thought, and so, and thus, and therefore.
(α).
Absol.:
si nunc de tuo jure concessisses paululum, Atque adulescenti morigerasses,
and so, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 10.—
(β).
With ita or sic:
Ventum deinde ad multo angustiorem rupem, atque ita rectis saxis, etc.,
Liv. 21, 36; Plin. 10, 58, 79, § 158:
ac sic prope innumerabiles species reperiuntur,
Quint. 12, 10, 67.—
c.
Connecting conclusion and condition, so, then (cf. at, II. F.):
non aliter quam qui adverso vix flumine lembum Remigiis subigit, si bracchia forte remisit, Atque illum praeceps prono rapit alveus amni,
Verg. G. 1, 203 (here explained by statim by Gell. 10, 29, and by Servius, but thus its connective force is wholly lost; cf. also Forbig ad h. l. for still another explanation).—
6.
(As supra, I. c.) To annex a thought of more importance:
Satisne videtur declarasse Dionysius nihil esse ei beatum, cui semper aliqui terror impendeat? atque ei ne integrum quidem erat, ut ad justitiam remigraret,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62; id. Tull. 4:
hoc enim spectant leges, hoc volunt, incolumem esse civium conjunctionem, quam qui dirimunt, eos morte... coercent. Atque hoc multo magis efficit ipsa naturae ratio,
id. Off. 3, 5, 23; id. Fam. 6, 1, 4: hac spe lapsus Induciomarus... exsules damnatosque tota Gallia magnis praemiis ad se allicere coepit;
ac tantam sibi jam iis rebus in Gallia auctoritatem comparaverat, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 55 fin.; Nep. Hann. 13, 2; Quint. 1, 10, 16.—Hence also in answers, in order to confirm a question or assertion:
Sed videone ego Pamphilippum cum fratre Epignomo? Atque is est,
And he it is, Yes, it is he, Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 4; so id. Truc. 1, 2, 24: Th. Mihin malum minitare? Ca. Atque edepol non minitabor, sed dabo, id. Curc. 4, 4, 15: Ch. Egon formidulosus? nemost hominum, qui vivat, minus. Th. Atque ita opust, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 20.—
7.
In expressing a wish, atque utinam:
Veritus sum arbitros, atque utinam memet possim obliscier! Att., Trag. Rel. p. 160 Rib.: videmus enim fuisse quosdam, qui idem ornate ac graviter, idem versute et subtiliter dicerent. Atque utinam in Latinis talis oratoris simulacrum reperire possemus!
Cic. Or. 7, 22; so id. Rep. 3, 5, 8:
Atque utinam pro decore etc.,
Liv. 21, 41, 13:
Atque utinam ex vobis unus etc.,
Verg. E. 10, 35; id. A. 1, 575:
Atque utinam... Ille vir in medio fiat amore lapis!
Prop. 2, 9, 47; 3, 6, 15; 3, 7, 25; 3, 8, 19 al.—
8.
To connect an adversative clause, and often fully with tamen, and yet, notwithstanding, nevertheless.
a.
Absol.: Mihi quidem hercle non fit veri simile;
atque ipsis commentum placet,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 20 Ruhnk. (atque pro tamen, Don.):
ego quia non rediit filius, quae cogito!... Atque ex me hic natus non est, sed ex fratre,
id. Ad. 1, 1, 15 (Quasi dicat, ex me non est, et sic afficior: quid paterer si genuissem? Don.; cf. Acron. ap. Charis. p. 204 P.); Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48 Beier; id. Mur. 34, 71 Matth.:
ceterum ex aliis negotiis, quae ingenio exercentur, in primis magno usui est memoria rerum gestarum... Atque ego credo fore qui, etc.,
and yet I believe, Sall. J. 4, 1 and 3 Corte; id. C. 51, 35:
observare principis egressum in publicum, insidere vias examina infantium futurusque populus solebat. Labor parentibus erat ostentare parvulos... Ac plerique insitis precibus surdas principis aures obstrepebant,
Plin. Pan. 26.—
b.
With tamen:
nihil praeterea est magnopere dicendum. Ac tamen, ne cui loco non videatur esse responsum, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 85:
discipulos dissimilis inter se ac tamen laudandos,
id. de Or. 3, 10, 35; id. Rep. 1, 7, 12:
Atque in his tamen tribus generibus etc.,
id. Off. 3, 33, 118; id. Pis. 1, 3; 13, 30; id. Prov. Cons. 7, 16; 7, 15 fin. (cf. in reference to the last four passages Wund. Varr. Lectt. p. lviii. sq.):
ac tamen initia fastigii etc.,
Tac. A. 3, 29; 3, 56; 12, 56;
14, 21: pauciores cum pluribus certasse, ac tamen fusos Germanos,
id. H. 5, 16.—
9.
To connect a minor affirmative proposition (the assumptio or propositio minor of logical lang.) in syllogisms, now, but, but now (while atqui is used to connect either an affirmative or negative minor premiss: v. atqui): Scaptius quaternas postulabat. Metui, si impetrasset, ne tu ipse me amare desineres;
... Atque hoc tempore ipso impingit mihi epistulam etc.,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 6.—Sometimes the conclusion is to be supplied:
nisi qui naturas hominum, penitus perspexerit, dicendo, quod volet, perficere non poterit. Atque totus hic locus philosophorum putatur proprius (conclusion: ergo oratorem philosophiam cognoscere oportet),
Cic. de Or. 1, 12, 53 and 54.—
10.
In introducing a purpose (freq. in Cic.).
a.
A negative purpose, and esp. in anticipating an objection:
Ac ne sine causa videretur edixisse,
Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 24:
Ac ne forte hoc magnum ac mirabile esse videatur,
id. de Or. 2, 46, 191; so id. Fam. 5, 12, 30:
Ac ne saepius dicendum sit,
Cels. 8, 1:
Ac ne forte roges, quo me duce, quo lare tuter,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 13:
Ac ne forte putes,
id. ib. 2, 1, 208:
Ac ne forte putes etc.,
Ov. R. Am. 465 (Merkel, Et).—
b.
A positive purpose:
Atque ut ejus diversa studia in dissimili ratione perspicere possitis, nemo etc.,
Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9:
Atque ut omnes intellegant me etc.... dico etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 8, 20; 2, 4; id. Clu. 14, 43; id. Sull. 2, 5; id. de Or. 3, 11, 40:
Atque ut C. Flaminium relinquam etc.,
id. Leg. 3, 9, 20; id. Fin. 3, 2, 4.—
11.
a.. In continuing a thought in assertions or narration, and, now, and now, Plaut. Aul. prol. 18: audistis, cum pro se diceret, genus orationis, etc.,... perspexistis. Atque in eo non solum ingenium ejus videbatis, etc., Cic. Cael. 19, 45; so id. de Or. 3, 32, 130; 2, 7, 27; 3, 10, 39 al.; Caes. B. G. 2, 29; Nep. Ages. 7, 3; 8, 1, Eum. 10, 3 Bremi; Tac. A. 14, 64; 15, 3; Verg. A. 9, 1; Sil. 4, 1 al.: ac si, sublato illo, depelli a vobis omne periculum judicarem, now if I, etc., Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:
atque si etiam hoc natura praescribit, etc.,
id. Off. 3, 6, 27; so Quint. 10, 1, 26; 10, 2, 8.—
b.
In introducing parentheses:
vulgo credere, Penino (atque inde nomen et jugo Alpium inditum) transgressum,
Liv. 21, 38:
omne adfectus genus (atque ea maxime jucundam et ornatam faciunt orationem) de luxuria, etc.,
Quint. 4, 3, 15 MSS., where Halm after Spalding reads et quae. —
c.
At the conclusion of a discourse (not infreq. in Cic.): Atque in primis duabus dicendi partibus qualis esset, summatim breviterque descripsimus, And thus have we, then, briefly described, etc., Cic. Or. 15, 50:
Ac de primo quidem officii fonte diximus,
id. Off. 1, 6, 19:
Ac de inferenda quidem injuria satis dictum est,
id. ib. 1, 8, 27; id. Inv. 2, 39, 115 al.—
V.
In particular connections and phrases.
A.
Unus atque alter, one and the other; alius atque alius, one and another; now this, now that:
unae atque alterae scalae,
Sall. J. 60, 7:
quarum (coclearum) cum unam atque alteram, dein plures peteret,
id. ib. 93, 2:
unum atque alterum lacum integer perfluit,
Tac. H. 5, 6:
dilatisque alia atque alia de causa comitiis,
Liv. 8, 23, 17; Col. 9, 8, 10:
alius atque alius,
Tac. H. 1, 46; 1, 50 (v. alius, II. D.).—Also separated by several words:
aliud ejus subinde atque aliud facientes initium,
Sen. Ep. 32, 2.—
B.
Etiam atque etiam. again and again:
temo Stellas cogens etiam atque etiam Noctis sublime iter, Enn., Trag. Rel. p. 39 Rib.: etiam atque etiam cogita,
Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 11:
etiam atque etiam considera,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46:
monitos eos etiam atque etiam volo,
id. Cat. 2, 12, 27.—So, semel atque iterum, Cic. Font. 26; id. Clu. 49; Tac. Or. 17; and:
iterum atque iterum,
Verg. A. 8, 527; Hor. S. 1, 10, 39.—
C.
Huc atque illuc, hither and thither, Cic. Q. Rosc. 37; id. de Or. 1, 40, 184; Verg. A. 9, 57; Ov. M. 2, 357; 10, 376; Tac. Agr. 10; id. H. 1, 85.—
D.
Longe atque late, far and wide, Cic. Marcell. 29:
atque eccum or atque eccum video, in colloquial lang.: Heus vocate huc Davom. Atque eccum,
but here he is, Ter. And. 3, 3, 48:
Audire vocem visa sum modo militis. Atque eccum,
and here he is, id. Eun. 3, 2, 2; so id. Hec. 4, 1, 8.—
E.
Atque omnia, in making an assertion general, and so generally:
Atque in eis omnibus, quae sunt actionis, inest quaedam vis a natura data,
Cic. de Or. 3, 59, 223:
quorum (verborum) descriptus ordo alias alia terminatione concluditur, atque omnia illa et prima et media verba spectare debent ad ultimum,
id. Or. 59, 200; id. de Or. 2, 64, 257: commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere, and so rather, etc., id. Off. 2, 23, 83:
nihil acerbum esse, nihil crudele, atque omnia plena clementiae, humanitatis,
id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8:
Atque omnis vitae ratio sic constat, ut, quae probamus in aliis, facere ipsi velimus,
Quint. 10, 2, 2.—
F.
With other conjunctions.
1.
After et:
equidem putabam virtutem hominibus instituendo et persuadendo, non minis et vi ac metu tradi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247:
Magnifica vero vox et magno viro ac sapiente digna,
id. Off. 3, 1, 1; id. Cael. 13:
vanus aspectus et auri fulgor atque argenti,
Tac. Agr. 32.:
denuntiarent, ut ab Saguntinis abstineret et Carthaginem in Africam traicerent ac sociorum querimonias deferrent,
Liv. 21, 6, 4:
ubi et fratrem consilii ac periculi socium haberem,
id. 21, 41, 2:
et uti liter demum ac Latine perspicueque,
Quint. 8, 3, 3:
Nam et subtili plenius aliquid atque subtilius et vehementi remissius atque vehementius invenitur,
id. 12, 10, 67. —
2.
After que, as in Gr. te kai: litterisque ac laudibus aeternare, Varr. ap. Non. p. 75, 20:
submoverique atque in castra redigi,
Liv. 26, 10:
terrorem caedemque ac fugam fecere,
id. 21, 52:
mus Sub terris posuitque domos atque horrea fecit,
Verg. G. 1, 182; 3, 434; id. A. 8, 486.—
3.
Before et:
caelum ipsum ac mare et silvas circum spectantes,
Tac. Agr. 32.—
4.
After neque (only in the poets and post - Aug. prose):
nec clavis nec canis atque calix,
Mart. 1, 32, 4: naturam Oceani atque aestus [p. 192] neque quaerere hujus operis est, ac multi retulere, Tac. Agr. 10:
mediocritatem pristinam neque dissimulavit umquam ac frequenter etiam prae se tulit,
Suet. Vesp. 12.—
G.
Atque repeated, esp. in arch. Lat.: Scio solere plerisque hominibus in rebus secundis atque prolixis atque prosperis animum excellere atque superbiam atque ferociam augescere atque crescere, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3: Dicere possum quibus villae atque aedes aedificatae atque expolitae maximo opere citro atque ebore atque pavimentis Poenicis stent, Cato ap. Fest. p. 242 Mull.:
atque ut C. Flamininum atque ea, quae jam prisca videntur, propter vetustatem relinquam,
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20:
omnem dignitatem tuam in virtute atque in rebus gestis atque in tua gravitate positam existimare,
id. Fam. 1, 5, 8.—Esp. freq. in enumerations in the poets:
Haec atque illa dies atque alia atque alia,
Cat. 68, 152:
Mavortia tellus Atque Getae atque Hebrus,
Verg. G. 4, 463:
Clioque et Beroe atque Ephyre Atque Opis et Asia,
id. ib. 4, 343.—And sometimes forming a double connective, both— and = et—et:
Multus ut in terras deplueretque lapis: Atque tubas atque arma ferunt crepitantia caelo Audita,
Tib. 2, 5, 73:
complexa sui corpus miserabile nati Atque deos atque astra vocat crudelia mater,
Verg. E. 5, 23; Sil. 1, 93; v. Forbig ad Verg. l. l.

► Atque regularly stands at the beginning of its sentence or clause or before the word it connects, but in poetry it sometimes, like et and at, stands:
a.
In the second place:
Jamque novum terrae stupeant lucescere solem, Altius atque cadant imbres,
Verg. E. 6, 38 Rib., ubi v. Forbig.:
Accipite ergo animis atque haec mea figite dicta,
id. A. 3, 250, and 10, 104 (animis may, however, here be taken with Accipite, as in id. ib. 5, 304):
Esto beata, funus atque imagines Ducant triumphales tuum,
Hor. Epod. 8, 11; id. S. 1, 5, 4; 1, 6, 111; 1, 7, 12 (ubi v. Fritzsche).—
b.
In the third place:
quod pubes hedera virente Gaudeant pulla magis atque myrto,
Hor. C. 1, 25, 18; cf. at fin. (Vid. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 452-513.)

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