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21 indugredior
indugredior, gredī (indu u. gradior) = ingredior, Lucr. 4, 313 (342) u. 365 (367).
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22 ingressio
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23 ingressum
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24 ingressus
ingressus, ūs, m. (ingredior), I) der Eintritt, 1) eig. u. meton.: a) übh., der Eintritt, Eingang, der Einzug, Antonii ingr. in castra, Vell. 2, 63, 2: ingr. tuus, Plin. pan. 5, 4; 22, 5: haec tibi in ipso ingressu meo (gleich bei meinem Eintr. in die Provinz) scripsi, Plin. ep. 10, 17 (28), 4: fuit ingressus Severi odiosus atque terribilis, Spart. Sev. 7, 3: alqm ingressu arcere, Auson. XXV. Bissula 1, 3. p. 125, 3 Schenkl. – b) das feindl. Eindringen in eine Stadt, der feindl. Einfall in ein Land, per alveum veterem, qui siccatus ingressum praebebat, urbem intravit, Frontin. 3, 7, 4: hostiles ingressus praesidiis intercipere, Tac. ann. 15, 3. – c) meton., der Eingang als Ort, trinis ingressibus, Prud. psych. 843. – 2) übtr.: a) das Eingehen auf etwas, Cannensis pugnae temerarius ingr., die unbes. Annahme der usw., Val. Max. 4, 5, 2: operum ingressus (Plur.), die Ausführung der Werke, Vitr. 1, 1, 16. – b) der Eingang = der Anfang (Ggstz. finis), utriusque operis, Quint.: in ingressu, im Eingang = in der Vorrede, Quint.: ingressus capere, seinen Anf. nehmen, Verg.: Ianus Iunonius, quasi non solum mensis Ianuarii, sed mensium omnium ingressus tenens, Macr.: in ingressu adulescentiae suae, Augustin. – II) das Einherschreiten, der Gang, ingressus, cursus, accubitio, inclinatio, sessio, Cic.: ingr. celsior, Plin.: non ingressu modo defici, sed et visu, Suet.: tarditatibus in ingressu uti mollioribus, Cic.: ingressu prohiberi, keinen freien Schritt tun (sich nicht rühren) können, Caes.: quaedam terrae ad ingressus tremunt, Plin.
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25 oratio
ōrātio, ōnis, f. (ōro), I) das Reden, die Sprache, als Gabe, seine Gedanken u. Empfindungen durch Worte auszudrücken, A) im allg.: quae (ferae) sunt rationis et orationis expertes, Cic. de off. 1, 50. – B) insbes.: 1) (= lingua) die einem Volke eigentümliche Sprache, oratio Latina, Gell. 10, 22, 3: or. Graeca, Gell. 11, 1. § 1; 18, 10. § 11. – 2) prägn.: a) der rednerische Ausdruck, Latina, Cic. de off. 1, 2: utriusque orationis facultas, Fertigkeit in beiden Arten des Ausdrucks (näml. des rhetor. u. philos.), Cic. de off. 1, 1. – b) die Beredsamkeit, Rednergabe, elatio atque altitudo orationis suae, Cic.: satis in eo fuit orationis, Cic.: vincas oratione Regulos, Mart. – c) die Art der Beredsamkeit, die Redeweise, sed et huius (Demosthenis) oratio in philosophiam tralata pugnacior, ut ita dicam, videtur et illorum (Aristotelis, Theophrasti) in iudicia pacatior, Cic. Brut. 121. – II) meton., die Rede, Sprache = die Aussage, der Ausdruck, die Darstellung, die Äußerung, die Worte jmds., A) im allg.: haec oratio, Ter. u. Cic.: oratio abhorrens (nicht passend) a persona gravissimi hominis, Cic.: oratio Aetnensium, Siculorum, aratorum, von den usw., Cic.: honesta oratio est, das ließe sich recht gut hören, das klingt ganz gut, Ter. u. Cic.: in qua oratio (der Redestoff, die Worte) deesse nemini possit, Cic.: orationem bonorum imitari, Cic.: non ita sunt dissimili argumento, sed tamen dissimili oratione sunt factae (fabulae) ac stilo, Ter.: quam orationem habuerit tecum, was er mit dir gesprochen hat, Cic.: tecum mihi instituenda est oratio, ich habe noch ein Wort mit dir zu sprechen, Cic.: apud quem (Platonem) saepe haec oratio usurpata est (häufig die Behauptung ausgesprochen wird), ut nihil praeter virtutem diceretur bonum, Cic.: erit ergo rebus ipsis par et aequalis oratio, Cic.: iam vero virtuti Cn. Pompei quae potest oratio par (entsprechender, erschöpfender Ausdruck) inveniri? Cic. – im Zshg. zuw. = Einrede, ista oratio, Cic. de imp. Pomp. 52: illorum oratio, qui dissentiunt, ibid. 68. – u. = Entschuldigungsrede, Entschuldigung, perceptā oratione eorum, Caes. b. G. 5, 1, 8. – B) insbes.: a) eine nach den Vorschriften der Redekunst u. für einen öffentlichen Vortrag ausgearbeitete Rede, ein Vortrag, orationes iudiciorum, gerichtliche R., Cic.: M. Caesaris, Suet.: or. Q. Metelli de prole augenda, Suet.: oratio Neronis, quā in Vindicem perorabat, Suet.: m. obj. Genet., oratio falsae legationis, über usw., Cic.: or. plebi acceptior, Liv.: or. accurata, Cic., accuratior, Liv.: acris et vehemens, Liv.: contumeliosa, Cic.: contentiosa et pugnax, Plin. ep.: continens, Cic., continua, Sen. u. Tac.: extemporalis, Quint.: erudita (Ggstz. popularis), Cic.: festiva, Cic.: florida, Quint.: inelaborata, Sen.: longa, Cic.: luculenta, Sall.: magnifica, Tac. u. Plin. ep.: non valde nitens, non plane horrida, Cic.: de horridis rebus nitida est oratio tua, Cic.: or. nuda et rudis (nüchterne u. ungekünstelte), Cic.: or. ad tempus (nach den Verhältnissen) parata, Liv.: perpetua, Cic. u. (Ggstz. concisa) Quint.: polita, Cic.: popularis (Ggstz. erudita), Cic.: orationes populares, Liv.: or. praeparata (im voraus entworfene), Liv.: or. summissa et infracta (demütige u. mutlose), Liv.: or. subita et fortuita (aus dem Stegreif gehaltene u. durch Zufall veranlaßte), Ggstz. commentatio et cogitatio, Cic. – oratio honorifica in alqm, Cic.: orationes criminosae in patres, Liv.: orationes et pro se et pro aliis et in alios, Liv. – adhibere orationem ad alqm, eine Ansprache an jmd. richten, Cic.: adhibere orationem ad singulas perturbationes, gegen die einz. L. anwenden, Cic.: si temporum potius quam maiestatis memor adhibeatur oratio, eine mehr der Zeit als der Hoheit angemessene Rede angewendet werde, Cic.: nec ab officio vestro nec ab ipsa causa P. Sestii abhorrebit (wird unangemessen sein) oratio mea, Cic.: si quid in nostra oratione claudicat, sentit (vulgus), Cic.: comparare ad id longam orationem, Cic.: componere orationem, Liv., alci reo orationem, Quint.: nullo modo possum omnia istius facta aut memoriā consequi aut oratione complecti, Cic.: ita compresseram (hielt so verborgen) orationem, ut numquam emanaturam putarem, Cic.: convertere orationes e Graeco, Cic.: sed nescio, quo pacto ab amicitiis perfectorum hominum, id est sapientium, ad leves amicitias defluxit oratio, Cic.: iam a sapientium familiaritatibus ad vulgares amicitias oratio nostra delabitur, Cic.: dicere orationem de scripto, vom Konzept halten, Cic.: ediscere orationem, Cic.: exprimere oratione mores alcis, Cic.: exstat eius (Appii) oratio, Cic.: Catonis oratio scripta exstat Originum quinto libro inclusa, Liv.: facere ac polire orationem, Cic.: facere orationem pro P. Sextio (v. Cicero), Gell.: habere orationem in senatu, Cic., in agrestium conventu, Cic., apud imperitam multitudinem, Cic.: habere orationem de optimo civitatis statu, Cic.: habere orationem super ea re, Tac.: habere orationem adversus alqm, Hieron.: oratione ultro citro habitā, durch Hinüber- u. Herüberreden, Liv.: incipere orationem de alqa re, Tac.: includere alqd orationi suae, Cic.: magnā spe ingredior in reliquam orationem, schreite ich zu dem übrigen Teile der R., Cic.: ingressus in eam orationem, Caes.: quorum mediam orationem interrumpunt subito undique tela immissa, Caes.: oratio mea interrumpitur interpellatione alcis, Cic.: mittere orationes ad senatum, Suet.: proferre (ins Publikum bringen) orationem, Cic.: recitare orationem, Cic.: pleraeque scribuntur orationes habitae iam, non ut habeantur, Cic.: serere populares orationes, Liv.: mihi haec oratio suscepta non de te est, sed de genere toto, mein Vortrag hat es nicht mit dir zu tun, sondern mit usw., Cic.: oratio turget, Cornif. rhet.: sed antequam ad eam orationem venio, quae etc., zu dem Teile der Rede, Cic.: in extrema oratione nostra, im letzten Teil unserer R., Cic. – prägn., Gegenstand der Rede, Thema, huius orationis difficilius est exitum quam principium invenire, Cic. de imp. Pomp. 3. – b) die Prosa, aber nur im Ggstz. zur Poesie, vollst. oratio soluta (Ggstz. oratio poëtica, Varro LL. 6, 97: Ggstz. versus, Varro r. r. 1, 1, 9), saepissime et in poëmatis et in oratione peccatur, Cic. or. 70 (u. so im Ggstz. zu poëma, versus oft bei Cic., s. Jahn Cic. or. 174): oratione et versu promptissimus, Spart. Hadr. 15, 10. – c) ein Gebet, bes. das Vaterunser, Tertull. u.a. Eccl. – d) zur Kaiserzeit = ein kaiserl. Schreiben, Reskript, Erlaß u. dgl., Tac. u. Suet.
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26 superingredior
super-ingredior, gredī, über etw. hinschreiten, hortos, Colum. 10, 344.
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27 adingredior
ad-ingredior, gredī, betreten, paternum gradum, Novell. Iust. 121 praef.Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > adingredior
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28 indugredior
indugredior, gredī (indu u. gradior) = ingredior, Lucr. 4, 313 (342) u. 365 (367).Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > indugredior
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29 ingressio
Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > ingressio
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30 ingressum
Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > ingressum
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31 ingressus
ingressus, ūs, m. (ingredior), I) der Eintritt, 1) eig. u. meton.: a) übh., der Eintritt, Eingang, der Einzug, Antonii ingr. in castra, Vell. 2, 63, 2: ingr. tuus, Plin. pan. 5, 4; 22, 5: haec tibi in ipso ingressu meo (gleich bei meinem Eintr. in die Provinz) scripsi, Plin. ep. 10, 17 (28), 4: fuit ingressus Severi odiosus atque terribilis, Spart. Sev. 7, 3: alqm ingressu arcere, Auson. XXV. Bissula 1, 3. p. 125, 3 Schenkl. – b) das feindl. Eindringen in eine Stadt, der feindl. Einfall in ein Land, per alveum veterem, qui siccatus ingressum praebebat, urbem intravit, Frontin. 3, 7, 4: hostiles ingressus praesidiis intercipere, Tac. ann. 15, 3. – c) meton., der Eingang als Ort, trinis ingressibus, Prud. psych. 843. – 2) übtr.: a) das Eingehen auf etwas, Cannensis pugnae temerarius ingr., die unbes. Annahme der usw., Val. Max. 4, 5, 2: operum ingressus (Plur.), die Ausführung der Werke, Vitr. 1, 1, 16. – b) der Eingang = der Anfang (Ggstz. finis), utriusque operis, Quint.: in ingressu, im Eingang = in der Vorrede, Quint.: ingressus capere, seinen Anf. nehmen, Verg.: Ianus Iunonius, quasi non solum mensis Ianuarii, sed mensium omnium ingressus tenens, Macr.: in ingressu adulescentiae suae, Augustin. – II) das Einherschreiten, der Gang, ingressus, cursus, accubitio, inclinatio, sessio, Cic.: ingr. celsior, Plin.: non ingressu modo defici, sed et visu, Suet.: tar-————ditatibus in ingressu uti mollioribus, Cic.: ingressu prohiberi, keinen freien Schritt tun (sich nicht rühren) können, Caes.: quaedam terrae ad ingressus tremunt, Plin.Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > ingressus
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32 oratio
ōrātio, ōnis, f. (ōro), I) das Reden, die Sprache, als Gabe, seine Gedanken u. Empfindungen durch Worte auszudrücken, A) im allg.: quae (ferae) sunt rationis et orationis expertes, Cic. de off. 1, 50. – B) insbes.: 1) (= lingua) die einem Volke eigentümliche Sprache, oratio Latina, Gell. 10, 22, 3: or. Graeca, Gell. 11, 1. § 1; 18, 10. § 11. – 2) prägn.: a) der rednerische Ausdruck, Latina, Cic. de off. 1, 2: utriusque orationis facultas, Fertigkeit in beiden Arten des Ausdrucks (näml. des rhetor. u. philos.), Cic. de off. 1, 1. – b) die Beredsamkeit, Rednergabe, elatio atque altitudo orationis suae, Cic.: satis in eo fuit orationis, Cic.: vincas oratione Regulos, Mart. – c) die Art der Beredsamkeit, die Redeweise, sed et huius (Demosthenis) oratio in philosophiam tralata pugnacior, ut ita dicam, videtur et illorum (Aristotelis, Theophrasti) in iudicia pacatior, Cic. Brut. 121. – II) meton., die Rede, Sprache = die Aussage, der Ausdruck, die Darstellung, die Äußerung, die Worte jmds., A) im allg.: haec oratio, Ter. u. Cic.: oratio abhorrens (nicht passend) a persona gravissimi hominis, Cic.: oratio Aetnensium, Siculorum, aratorum, von den usw., Cic.: honesta oratio est, das ließe sich recht gut hören, das klingt ganz gut, Ter. u. Cic.: in qua oratio (der Redestoff, die Worte) deesse nemini possit, Cic.: orationem bonorum imitari, Cic.: non ita————sunt dissimili argumento, sed tamen dissimili oratione sunt factae (fabulae) ac stilo, Ter.: quam orationem habuerit tecum, was er mit dir gesprochen hat, Cic.: tecum mihi instituenda est oratio, ich habe noch ein Wort mit dir zu sprechen, Cic.: apud quem (Platonem) saepe haec oratio usurpata est (häufig die Behauptung ausgesprochen wird), ut nihil praeter virtutem diceretur bonum, Cic.: erit ergo rebus ipsis par et aequalis oratio, Cic.: iam vero virtuti Cn. Pompei quae potest oratio par (entsprechender, erschöpfender Ausdruck) inveniri? Cic. – im Zshg. zuw. = Einrede, ista oratio, Cic. de imp. Pomp. 52: illorum oratio, qui dissentiunt, ibid. 68. – u. = Entschuldigungsrede, Entschuldigung, perceptā oratione eorum, Caes. b. G. 5, 1, 8. – B) insbes.: a) eine nach den Vorschriften der Redekunst u. für einen öffentlichen Vortrag ausgearbeitete Rede, ein Vortrag, orationes iudiciorum, gerichtliche R., Cic.: M. Caesaris, Suet.: or. Q. Metelli de prole augenda, Suet.: oratio Neronis, quā in Vindicem perorabat, Suet.: m. obj. Genet., oratio falsae legationis, über usw., Cic.: or. plebi acceptior, Liv.: or. accurata, Cic., accuratior, Liv.: acris et vehemens, Liv.: contumeliosa, Cic.: contentiosa et pugnax, Plin. ep.: continens, Cic., continua, Sen. u. Tac.: extemporalis, Quint.: erudita (Ggstz. popularis), Cic.: festiva, Cic.: florida, Quint.: inelaborata, Sen.: longa, Cic.: luculenta, Sall.: magni-————fica, Tac. u. Plin. ep.: non valde nitens, non plane horrida, Cic.: de horridis rebus nitida est oratio tua, Cic.: or. nuda et rudis (nüchterne u. ungekünstelte), Cic.: or. ad tempus (nach den Verhältnissen) parata, Liv.: perpetua, Cic. u. (Ggstz. concisa) Quint.: polita, Cic.: popularis (Ggstz. erudita), Cic.: orationes populares, Liv.: or. praeparata (im voraus entworfene), Liv.: or. summissa et infracta (demütige u. mutlose), Liv.: or. subita et fortuita (aus dem Stegreif gehaltene u. durch Zufall veranlaßte), Ggstz. commentatio et cogitatio, Cic. – oratio honorifica in alqm, Cic.: orationes criminosae in patres, Liv.: orationes et pro se et pro aliis et in alios, Liv. – adhibere orationem ad alqm, eine Ansprache an jmd. richten, Cic.: adhibere orationem ad singulas perturbationes, gegen die einz. L. anwenden, Cic.: si temporum potius quam maiestatis memor adhibeatur oratio, eine mehr der Zeit als der Hoheit angemessene Rede angewendet werde, Cic.: nec ab officio vestro nec ab ipsa causa P. Sestii abhorrebit (wird unangemessen sein) oratio mea, Cic.: si quid in nostra oratione claudicat, sentit (vulgus), Cic.: comparare ad id longam orationem, Cic.: componere orationem, Liv., alci reo orationem, Quint.: nullo modo possum omnia istius facta aut memoriā consequi aut oratione complecti, Cic.: ita compresseram (hielt so verborgen) orationem, ut numquam emanaturam putarem, Cic.: convertere orationes————e Graeco, Cic.: sed nescio, quo pacto ab amicitiis perfectorum hominum, id est sapientium, ad leves amicitias defluxit oratio, Cic.: iam a sapientium familiaritatibus ad vulgares amicitias oratio nostra delabitur, Cic.: dicere orationem de scripto, vom Konzept halten, Cic.: ediscere orationem, Cic.: exprimere oratione mores alcis, Cic.: exstat eius (Appii) oratio, Cic.: Catonis oratio scripta exstat Originum quinto libro inclusa, Liv.: facere ac polire orationem, Cic.: facere orationem pro P. Sextio (v. Cicero), Gell.: habere orationem in senatu, Cic., in agrestium conventu, Cic., apud imperitam multitudinem, Cic.: habere orationem de optimo civitatis statu, Cic.: habere orationem super ea re, Tac.: habere orationem adversus alqm, Hieron.: oratione ultro citro habitā, durch Hinüber- u. Herüberreden, Liv.: incipere orationem de alqa re, Tac.: includere alqd orationi suae, Cic.: magnā spe ingredior in reliquam orationem, schreite ich zu dem übrigen Teile der R., Cic.: ingressus in eam orationem, Caes.: quorum mediam orationem interrumpunt subito undique tela immissa, Caes.: oratio mea interrumpitur interpellatione alcis, Cic.: mittere orationes ad senatum, Suet.: proferre (ins Publikum bringen) orationem, Cic.: recitare orationem, Cic.: pleraeque scribuntur orationes habitae iam, non ut habeantur, Cic.: serere populares orationes, Liv.: mihi haec oratio suscepta non de te est, sed de genere toto,————mein Vortrag hat es nicht mit dir zu tun, sondern mit usw., Cic.: oratio turget, Cornif. rhet.: sed antequam ad eam orationem venio, quae etc., zu dem Teile der Rede, Cic.: in extrema oratione nostra, im letzten Teil unserer R., Cic. – prägn., Gegenstand der Rede, Thema, huius orationis difficilius est exitum quam principium invenire, Cic. de imp. Pomp. 3. – b) die Prosa, aber nur im Ggstz. zur Poesie, vollst. oratio soluta (Ggstz. oratio poëtica, Varro LL. 6, 97: Ggstz. versus, Varro r. r. 1, 1, 9), saepissime et in poëmatis et in oratione peccatur, Cic. or. 70 (u. so im Ggstz. zu poëma, versus oft bei Cic., s. Jahn Cic. or. 174): oratione et versu promptissimus, Spart. Hadr. 15, 10. – c) ein Gebet, bes. das Vaterunser, Tertull. u.a. Eccl. – d) zur Kaiserzeit = ein kaiserl. Schreiben, Reskript, Erlaß u. dgl., Tac. u. Suet. -
33 superingredior
super-ingredior, gredī, über etw. hinschreiten, hortos, Colum. 10, 344.Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > superingredior
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34 ingressus
ingressus P. of ingredior.* * *entry; going in/embarking on (topic/speech); point of entry, approach; steps -
35 A
1.A, a, indecl. n. (sometimes joined with littera), the first letter of the Latin alphabet, corresponding to the a, a of the other Indo-. European languages:II.A primum est: hinc incipiam, et quae nomina ab hoc sunt, Lucil. ap. Terent. Scaur. p. 2255 P.: sus rostro si humi A litteram impresserit,
Cic. Div. 1, 13, 23:ne in A quidem atque S litteras exire temere masculina Graeca nomina recto casu patiebantur,
Quint. 1, 5, 61.The sound of the A is short or long in every part of the word; as, ăb, păter, ită; ā, māter, frustrā. During a short period (between about 620 and 670 A. U. C. = from 134 to 84 B.C.) long a was written aa, probably first by the poet L. Attius, in the manner of the Oscan language; so we find in Latin inscriptions: AA. CETEREIS (i.e.a ceteris), CALAASI, FAATO, HAACE, MAARCIVM, PAAPVS, PAASTORES, VAARVS; and in Greek writing, MAAPKOPs PsIOS MAAPKEAAOS, KOINTON MAAPKION (like Osc. aasas = Lat. āra, Osc. Paapi = Lat. Pāpius, Osc. Paakul = Lat. Pāculus, Pācullus, Pācuvius, etc.), v. Ritschl, Monum. Epigr. p. 28 sq., and cf. Mommsen, Unterital. Dialekte, p. 210 sq. (The Umbrian language has gone a step farther, and written long a by aha, as Aharna, Naharcom, trahaf, etc.; cf. Aufrecht and Kirchhoff, Umbrische Sprachdenkm. p. 76 sq.) Vid. also the letters E and U.III.In etymological and grammatical formation of words, short a very often (sometimes also long a) is changed into other vowels.A.Short a is changed,1., into long a —a.In consequence of the suppression of the following consonants at the end or in the middle of the word: ŭb, ā; vădis, vūs; ăg-, ăg-men, exāmen; tăg-, contūmino; căd-, cāsus. Hence also in the abl. sing. of the first decl., and in the particles derived from it. in consequence of the suppression of the original ablat. end. - d: PRAEDAD (Col. Rostr.), praedā; SENTENTIAD (S. C. de Bacch.), sententiā; EXTBAD (ib.), extrā; SVPRAD (ib.), suprā. —Hence,b.In perfect forms: scăb-o, scābi; căveo, cūvi; făv-eo, fāvi; păv-eo, pāvi (for scăbui, căvui, făvui, păvui).c.In other forms: ăgo, ambūges; păc-, păc-iscor, pâcis (pâx); săg-ax, sūgus, sāga; măc-er, mâcero; făg- (phagein), fūgus. (Contrary to analogy, ă remains short in dănunt, from dă-in-unt, V. Ritschl, l.l.p. 17.)2.Short a is changed into é or ē—a.Into é.(α).Most frequently in the second part of compounds, particularly before two consonants: facio, confectus; jacio, conjectus; rapio, dereptus; dăm-, damno, condemno; fāl-, fallo, fefelli; măn-, mando, commendo; scando, ascendo; ăp-, aptus, ineptus; ăr-, ars, iners, sollers; ăn-, annus, perennis; căpio, auceps; căput, triceps; ăgo, remex; jăcio, objex. And thus in Plautus, according to the best MSS., dispenno, dispessus from pando, compectus from compăciscor, anteceptus from capio (on the other hand, in Vergil, according to the best MS., aspurgo, attractare, deiractare, kept their a unchanged).(β).Sometimes ă is changed into ĕ also before one consonant (but in this case it is usually changed into ĭ; v. infra, 3. a. a.): grădior, ingrĕdior; pătior, perpĕtior; părio, repĕrio; păro, vitupĕro; ăp-, coepi (i. e. co-ŭpi); căno, tubicĕn, tibicĕn; in the reduplicated carcĕr (from carcar) farfŏrus (written also farfārus); and so, according to the better MSS., aequipĕro from păro, and defĕtigo from fătigo.(γ).In words taken from the Greek: talanton, talŏntum; phalara, phalŏrae; sisaron, sisŏr (but, according to the best MSS., cumŭra from kamara, not camŏra).b.Short a is changed to ē in some perfect forms: ăgo, ēgi; fūcio, féci; jăci, jĕci; frag-, frango, frēgi; căpio, cēpi, and păg-, pango, pēgi (together with pepĭgi and panxi, v. pango).3.Short a is changed to ĭ, a (most frequently in the second part of compounds)(α).before one consonant: ăgo, abĭgo; făcio, confĭcio; cădo, concĭdo; sălio, assĭlio; răpio, abrĭpio; păter, Juppĭter (in Umbrian lang. unchanged, Jupater), Marspĭter; Diespĭter, Opĭter; rătus, irrĭtus; ămicus, inìmicus (but ŭ remains unchanged in adŭmo, impătiens, and in some compounds of a later period of Roman literature, as praejacio, calefacio, etc.). —(β).Sometimes also before two consonants (where it is usually changed into ĕ; v. supra, 2. a. b.): tăg-, tango, contingo; păg-, pango, compingo (unchanged in some compounds, as peragro, desacro, depango, obcanto, etc.).b.ă is changed into ĭ in the reduplicated perfect forms: cădo, cecĭdi; căno, cecĭni; tăg-, tango, tetĭgi; păg-, pango, pepĭgi.c. d.In words taken from the Greek: mêchanê, machĭna; patanê, patĭna; bukanê, bucĭna; trutanê, trutĭna; balaneion, balĭneum; Katana, Catĭna (written also Catana); Akragas, Agrĭgentum.4. a.Into ŏ: scăbo, scobs; păr, pars, portio; dăm-, dŏmo; Fabii, Fŏvii (v. Paul. ex Fest. p. 87); marmaron, marmŏr; Mars, redupl. Marmar, Marmor (Carm. Fratr. Arv.).b.Into ō: dă-, dōnum, dōs; ăc-, ăcuo, ōcior (v. this art.).5.Short a is changed into ŭ —a.In the second part of compounds, particularly before l, p, and b: calco, inculco; salsus, insulsus; salto, exsulto; capio, occŭpo; răpio, surrupio and surruptus (also written surripio and surreptus); tăberna, contŭbernium; —before other consonants: quătio, conoŭtio; as, decussis; Mars, Mamŭrius, Mamŭralia; and once also condumnari (Tab. Bant. lin. 8, immediately followed by condemnatus, v. Klenze, Philol. Abhandl. tab. I., and Mommsen, Unterital. Dial. p. 149).b.In words of Greek origin: Hekabê, Hecŭba; skutalê, scutŭla; kraipalê, crapŭla; passalos, pessŭlus; aphlaston, aplustre; thriambos, triumphus.c.ă is perhaps changed into ŭ in ulciscor, compared with alc-, ulexô (arc-, arceo).B. 1. 2.Into ō: gnā-, gnārus, ignārus, ignōro. (But in general long a remains unchanged in composition: lābor, delūbor; gnàvus, ignūnus; fàma, infūmis.)IV.Contrary to the mode of changing Greek a into Latin e, i, o, u (v. supra), Latin a has sometimes taken the place of other Greek vowels in words borrowed from the Greek, as: lonchê, lancea; kulix, călix; Ganumêoês, Caiāmitus.V.The repugnance of the Latin Language to the Greek combined vowels ao has caused the translocation of them in Alumento for Daomeoôn (Paul. ex Fest. p. 18 Müll.).— Greek a is suppressed in Hercules from Hêraklês (probably in consequence of the inserted u; in late Latin we find Heracla and Heracula, cf. Ritschl, in Rhein. Mus. Neue Folge, vol. 12, p. 108).VI.Latin ă was early combined with the vowels i and u, forming the diphthongs ai and au; by changing the i into e, the diphthong ai soon became ae. So we find in the oldest inscriptions: AIDE, AIDLLIS, AIQVOM, GNAIVOD, HAICE, DVELONAI, TABELAI, DATAI, etc., which soon gave place to aedem, aedilis, aequom, Gnaeo, haec, Bellonae, tabellae, datae, etc. (the Col. Rostr. has PRAESENTE, PRAEDAD, and the S. C. de Bacch. AEDEM. The triphthong aei, found in CONQVAEISIVEI (?), is very rare; Miliar. Popil. lin. 11, v. Ritschl, l. l. p. 21). In some poets the old gen. sing. of the first decl. (- ai) is preserved, but is dissyllabic, āī. So in Ennius: Albūī Longūī, terrūī frugiferāī, frondosāī, lunāī, viāī; in Vergil: aulāī, aurāī, aquāī, pictāī; in Ausonius: herāī.B.ue as well as au are changed into other vowels.1.The sound of ae, e, and oe being very similar, these vowels are often interchanged in the best MSS., So we find caerimonia and cerimonia, caepa and cēpa, saeoulum and séculum; scaena and scēna; caelum and coelum, haedus and hoedus, macstus and moestus; cena, coena, and caena, etc.2.In composition and reduplications ae becomes í: aequus, iníquus; quaero, inquíro; laedo, illído; taedet, pertisum (noticed by Cic.); aestumo, exístumo; cuedo, cecídi, concído, homicida.3. 4.The diphthong au is often changed to ó and ú (the latter particularly in compounds): caudex, códex; Claudius, Clodius; lautus, lotus; plaustrum, plōstrum; plaudo, plōdo, explōdo; paululum, pōlulum; faux, suffōco; si audes (acc. to Cic. or acc. to others, si audies), sódes, etc.; claudo, inclūdo; causa, accūso. Hence in some words a regular gradation of au, o, u is found: claudo, clōdicare, clúdo; raudus, ródus, rúdus; caupo, cópa, cūpa; naugae, nōgae (both forms in the MSS. of Plautus), nūgae; fraustra, frode, frude (in MSS. of Vergil); cf. Ritschl, in Wintercatalog 1854-55, and O. Ribbeck, in Jahn's Neue Jahrb. vol. 77, p. 181 sq.—The change of au into oē and ō appears only in audio, (oboedio) obēdio.5.Au sometimes takes the place of av-: faveo, fautum, favitor, fautor; navis, navita, nauta; avis, auceps, auspex. So Latin aut corresponds to Sanscr. avo. (whence - vā, Lat. - ve), Osc. avti, Umbr. ute, ote; and so the Lat. preposition ab, through av, becomes au in the words aufero and aufugio (prop. av-fero, av-fugio, for ab-fero, ab-fugio). Vid. the art. ab init.VII.In primitive roots, which have their kindred forms in the sister-languages of the Latin, the original a, still found in the Sanscrit, is in Latin either preserved or more frequently changed into other vowels.A.Original a preserved: Sanscr. mātri, Lat. màter; S. bhrātri, L. fràter; S. nāsā, L. nàsus and nàris; S. ap, L. aqua; S. apa, L. ab; S. nāma, L. năm; S. ćatur, [p. 2] L. quattuor (in Greek changed: thettares); S. capūla, L. căput (in Greek changed: kephalê, etc.).B.Original a is changed into other Latin vowels—1.Into e: S. ad, L. ed (ĕdo); S. as, L. es (esse); S. pat, L. pet (peto); S. pād, L. pĕd (pès); S. dant, L. dent (dens); S. ǵan, L. gen (gigno); S. mā, L. mè-tior; S. saptan, L. septem; S. daśan, L. decem; S. śata, L. centum; S. aham, L. ŏgo; S. pāra, L. per; S. paśu, L. pŏcus; S. asva, L. ŏquus, etc.2.Into i: S. an-, a- (neg. part.), L. in-: S. ana (prep.), L. in; S. antar, L. inter; S. sama, L. similis; S. agni, L. ignis; S. abhra, L. imber; S. panéa, L. quinque, etc.3.Into o: S. avi, L. ŏvi (ovis); S. vać, L. vōc (voco); S. pra, L. pro; S. pā, L. po (pŏtum); S. nāma, L. nōmen; S. api, L. ŏb; S. navan, L. nŏvem; S. nava, L. nŏvus, etc.4.Into u: S. marmara, L. murmur.5. 6.Into different vowels in the different derivatives: S. mā, L. mê-tior, mŏdus; S. praó, L. prŏcor, prŏcus; S. vah, L. vĕho, via.C.Sometimes the Latin has preserved the original a, while even the Sanscrit has changed it: Lat. pa-, pater, Sanscr. pd, pitri.2.As an abbreviation A. usually denotes the praenomen Aulus; A. A. = Auli duo, Inscr. Orell. 1530 (but A. A. = Aquae Aponi, the modern Abano, ib. 1643 sq.; 2620; 3011). The three directors of the mint were designated by III. VIRI A. A. A. F. F. (i. e. auro, argento, aeri flando, feriundo), ib. 569; 2242; 2379; 3134 al.;3.so also A. A. A.,
ib. 3441 (cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 13 fin., and v. the art. Triumviri); A. D. A. agris dandis adsignandis, and A. I. A. agris judicandis adsignandis; A. O. amico optimo; A. P. a populo or aediliciae potestatis; A. P. R. aerario populi Romani. —Upon the voting tablets in judicial trials A. denoted absoluo; hence A. is called littera salutaris, Cic. Mil. 6, 15; v. littera. In the Roman Comitia A. (= antiquo) denoted the rejection of the point in question; v. antiquo. In Cicero's Tusculan Disputations the A. designated one of the disputants = adulescens or auditor, opp. to M. for magister or Marcus (Cicero); but it is to be remarked that the letters A and M do not occur in the best MSS. of this treatise; cf. edd. ad Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 9.—In dates A. D. = ante diem; v. ante; A. U. C. = anno urbis conditae; A. P. R. C. anno post Romam conditam.a, prep.=ab, v. ab.4.ā, interj.=ah, v. ah. -
36 a
1.A, a, indecl. n. (sometimes joined with littera), the first letter of the Latin alphabet, corresponding to the a, a of the other Indo-. European languages:II.A primum est: hinc incipiam, et quae nomina ab hoc sunt, Lucil. ap. Terent. Scaur. p. 2255 P.: sus rostro si humi A litteram impresserit,
Cic. Div. 1, 13, 23:ne in A quidem atque S litteras exire temere masculina Graeca nomina recto casu patiebantur,
Quint. 1, 5, 61.The sound of the A is short or long in every part of the word; as, ăb, păter, ită; ā, māter, frustrā. During a short period (between about 620 and 670 A. U. C. = from 134 to 84 B.C.) long a was written aa, probably first by the poet L. Attius, in the manner of the Oscan language; so we find in Latin inscriptions: AA. CETEREIS (i.e.a ceteris), CALAASI, FAATO, HAACE, MAARCIVM, PAAPVS, PAASTORES, VAARVS; and in Greek writing, MAAPKOPs PsIOS MAAPKEAAOS, KOINTON MAAPKION (like Osc. aasas = Lat. āra, Osc. Paapi = Lat. Pāpius, Osc. Paakul = Lat. Pāculus, Pācullus, Pācuvius, etc.), v. Ritschl, Monum. Epigr. p. 28 sq., and cf. Mommsen, Unterital. Dialekte, p. 210 sq. (The Umbrian language has gone a step farther, and written long a by aha, as Aharna, Naharcom, trahaf, etc.; cf. Aufrecht and Kirchhoff, Umbrische Sprachdenkm. p. 76 sq.) Vid. also the letters E and U.III.In etymological and grammatical formation of words, short a very often (sometimes also long a) is changed into other vowels.A.Short a is changed,1., into long a —a.In consequence of the suppression of the following consonants at the end or in the middle of the word: ŭb, ā; vădis, vūs; ăg-, ăg-men, exāmen; tăg-, contūmino; căd-, cāsus. Hence also in the abl. sing. of the first decl., and in the particles derived from it. in consequence of the suppression of the original ablat. end. - d: PRAEDAD (Col. Rostr.), praedā; SENTENTIAD (S. C. de Bacch.), sententiā; EXTBAD (ib.), extrā; SVPRAD (ib.), suprā. —Hence,b.In perfect forms: scăb-o, scābi; căveo, cūvi; făv-eo, fāvi; păv-eo, pāvi (for scăbui, căvui, făvui, păvui).c.In other forms: ăgo, ambūges; păc-, păc-iscor, pâcis (pâx); săg-ax, sūgus, sāga; măc-er, mâcero; făg- (phagein), fūgus. (Contrary to analogy, ă remains short in dănunt, from dă-in-unt, V. Ritschl, l.l.p. 17.)2.Short a is changed into é or ē—a.Into é.(α).Most frequently in the second part of compounds, particularly before two consonants: facio, confectus; jacio, conjectus; rapio, dereptus; dăm-, damno, condemno; fāl-, fallo, fefelli; măn-, mando, commendo; scando, ascendo; ăp-, aptus, ineptus; ăr-, ars, iners, sollers; ăn-, annus, perennis; căpio, auceps; căput, triceps; ăgo, remex; jăcio, objex. And thus in Plautus, according to the best MSS., dispenno, dispessus from pando, compectus from compăciscor, anteceptus from capio (on the other hand, in Vergil, according to the best MS., aspurgo, attractare, deiractare, kept their a unchanged).(β).Sometimes ă is changed into ĕ also before one consonant (but in this case it is usually changed into ĭ; v. infra, 3. a. a.): grădior, ingrĕdior; pătior, perpĕtior; părio, repĕrio; păro, vitupĕro; ăp-, coepi (i. e. co-ŭpi); căno, tubicĕn, tibicĕn; in the reduplicated carcĕr (from carcar) farfŏrus (written also farfārus); and so, according to the better MSS., aequipĕro from păro, and defĕtigo from fătigo.(γ).In words taken from the Greek: talanton, talŏntum; phalara, phalŏrae; sisaron, sisŏr (but, according to the best MSS., cumŭra from kamara, not camŏra).b.Short a is changed to ē in some perfect forms: ăgo, ēgi; fūcio, féci; jăci, jĕci; frag-, frango, frēgi; căpio, cēpi, and păg-, pango, pēgi (together with pepĭgi and panxi, v. pango).3.Short a is changed to ĭ, a (most frequently in the second part of compounds)(α).before one consonant: ăgo, abĭgo; făcio, confĭcio; cădo, concĭdo; sălio, assĭlio; răpio, abrĭpio; păter, Juppĭter (in Umbrian lang. unchanged, Jupater), Marspĭter; Diespĭter, Opĭter; rătus, irrĭtus; ămicus, inìmicus (but ŭ remains unchanged in adŭmo, impătiens, and in some compounds of a later period of Roman literature, as praejacio, calefacio, etc.). —(β).Sometimes also before two consonants (where it is usually changed into ĕ; v. supra, 2. a. b.): tăg-, tango, contingo; păg-, pango, compingo (unchanged in some compounds, as peragro, desacro, depango, obcanto, etc.).b.ă is changed into ĭ in the reduplicated perfect forms: cădo, cecĭdi; căno, cecĭni; tăg-, tango, tetĭgi; păg-, pango, pepĭgi.c. d.In words taken from the Greek: mêchanê, machĭna; patanê, patĭna; bukanê, bucĭna; trutanê, trutĭna; balaneion, balĭneum; Katana, Catĭna (written also Catana); Akragas, Agrĭgentum.4. a.Into ŏ: scăbo, scobs; păr, pars, portio; dăm-, dŏmo; Fabii, Fŏvii (v. Paul. ex Fest. p. 87); marmaron, marmŏr; Mars, redupl. Marmar, Marmor (Carm. Fratr. Arv.).b.Into ō: dă-, dōnum, dōs; ăc-, ăcuo, ōcior (v. this art.).5.Short a is changed into ŭ —a.In the second part of compounds, particularly before l, p, and b: calco, inculco; salsus, insulsus; salto, exsulto; capio, occŭpo; răpio, surrupio and surruptus (also written surripio and surreptus); tăberna, contŭbernium; —before other consonants: quătio, conoŭtio; as, decussis; Mars, Mamŭrius, Mamŭralia; and once also condumnari (Tab. Bant. lin. 8, immediately followed by condemnatus, v. Klenze, Philol. Abhandl. tab. I., and Mommsen, Unterital. Dial. p. 149).b.In words of Greek origin: Hekabê, Hecŭba; skutalê, scutŭla; kraipalê, crapŭla; passalos, pessŭlus; aphlaston, aplustre; thriambos, triumphus.c.ă is perhaps changed into ŭ in ulciscor, compared with alc-, ulexô (arc-, arceo).B. 1. 2.Into ō: gnā-, gnārus, ignārus, ignōro. (But in general long a remains unchanged in composition: lābor, delūbor; gnàvus, ignūnus; fàma, infūmis.)IV.Contrary to the mode of changing Greek a into Latin e, i, o, u (v. supra), Latin a has sometimes taken the place of other Greek vowels in words borrowed from the Greek, as: lonchê, lancea; kulix, călix; Ganumêoês, Caiāmitus.V.The repugnance of the Latin Language to the Greek combined vowels ao has caused the translocation of them in Alumento for Daomeoôn (Paul. ex Fest. p. 18 Müll.).— Greek a is suppressed in Hercules from Hêraklês (probably in consequence of the inserted u; in late Latin we find Heracla and Heracula, cf. Ritschl, in Rhein. Mus. Neue Folge, vol. 12, p. 108).VI.Latin ă was early combined with the vowels i and u, forming the diphthongs ai and au; by changing the i into e, the diphthong ai soon became ae. So we find in the oldest inscriptions: AIDE, AIDLLIS, AIQVOM, GNAIVOD, HAICE, DVELONAI, TABELAI, DATAI, etc., which soon gave place to aedem, aedilis, aequom, Gnaeo, haec, Bellonae, tabellae, datae, etc. (the Col. Rostr. has PRAESENTE, PRAEDAD, and the S. C. de Bacch. AEDEM. The triphthong aei, found in CONQVAEISIVEI (?), is very rare; Miliar. Popil. lin. 11, v. Ritschl, l. l. p. 21). In some poets the old gen. sing. of the first decl. (- ai) is preserved, but is dissyllabic, āī. So in Ennius: Albūī Longūī, terrūī frugiferāī, frondosāī, lunāī, viāī; in Vergil: aulāī, aurāī, aquāī, pictāī; in Ausonius: herāī.B.ue as well as au are changed into other vowels.1.The sound of ae, e, and oe being very similar, these vowels are often interchanged in the best MSS., So we find caerimonia and cerimonia, caepa and cēpa, saeoulum and séculum; scaena and scēna; caelum and coelum, haedus and hoedus, macstus and moestus; cena, coena, and caena, etc.2.In composition and reduplications ae becomes í: aequus, iníquus; quaero, inquíro; laedo, illído; taedet, pertisum (noticed by Cic.); aestumo, exístumo; cuedo, cecídi, concído, homicida.3. 4.The diphthong au is often changed to ó and ú (the latter particularly in compounds): caudex, códex; Claudius, Clodius; lautus, lotus; plaustrum, plōstrum; plaudo, plōdo, explōdo; paululum, pōlulum; faux, suffōco; si audes (acc. to Cic. or acc. to others, si audies), sódes, etc.; claudo, inclūdo; causa, accūso. Hence in some words a regular gradation of au, o, u is found: claudo, clōdicare, clúdo; raudus, ródus, rúdus; caupo, cópa, cūpa; naugae, nōgae (both forms in the MSS. of Plautus), nūgae; fraustra, frode, frude (in MSS. of Vergil); cf. Ritschl, in Wintercatalog 1854-55, and O. Ribbeck, in Jahn's Neue Jahrb. vol. 77, p. 181 sq.—The change of au into oē and ō appears only in audio, (oboedio) obēdio.5.Au sometimes takes the place of av-: faveo, fautum, favitor, fautor; navis, navita, nauta; avis, auceps, auspex. So Latin aut corresponds to Sanscr. avo. (whence - vā, Lat. - ve), Osc. avti, Umbr. ute, ote; and so the Lat. preposition ab, through av, becomes au in the words aufero and aufugio (prop. av-fero, av-fugio, for ab-fero, ab-fugio). Vid. the art. ab init.VII.In primitive roots, which have their kindred forms in the sister-languages of the Latin, the original a, still found in the Sanscrit, is in Latin either preserved or more frequently changed into other vowels.A.Original a preserved: Sanscr. mātri, Lat. màter; S. bhrātri, L. fràter; S. nāsā, L. nàsus and nàris; S. ap, L. aqua; S. apa, L. ab; S. nāma, L. năm; S. ćatur, [p. 2] L. quattuor (in Greek changed: thettares); S. capūla, L. căput (in Greek changed: kephalê, etc.).B.Original a is changed into other Latin vowels—1.Into e: S. ad, L. ed (ĕdo); S. as, L. es (esse); S. pat, L. pet (peto); S. pād, L. pĕd (pès); S. dant, L. dent (dens); S. ǵan, L. gen (gigno); S. mā, L. mè-tior; S. saptan, L. septem; S. daśan, L. decem; S. śata, L. centum; S. aham, L. ŏgo; S. pāra, L. per; S. paśu, L. pŏcus; S. asva, L. ŏquus, etc.2.Into i: S. an-, a- (neg. part.), L. in-: S. ana (prep.), L. in; S. antar, L. inter; S. sama, L. similis; S. agni, L. ignis; S. abhra, L. imber; S. panéa, L. quinque, etc.3.Into o: S. avi, L. ŏvi (ovis); S. vać, L. vōc (voco); S. pra, L. pro; S. pā, L. po (pŏtum); S. nāma, L. nōmen; S. api, L. ŏb; S. navan, L. nŏvem; S. nava, L. nŏvus, etc.4.Into u: S. marmara, L. murmur.5. 6.Into different vowels in the different derivatives: S. mā, L. mê-tior, mŏdus; S. praó, L. prŏcor, prŏcus; S. vah, L. vĕho, via.C.Sometimes the Latin has preserved the original a, while even the Sanscrit has changed it: Lat. pa-, pater, Sanscr. pd, pitri.2.As an abbreviation A. usually denotes the praenomen Aulus; A. A. = Auli duo, Inscr. Orell. 1530 (but A. A. = Aquae Aponi, the modern Abano, ib. 1643 sq.; 2620; 3011). The three directors of the mint were designated by III. VIRI A. A. A. F. F. (i. e. auro, argento, aeri flando, feriundo), ib. 569; 2242; 2379; 3134 al.;3.so also A. A. A.,
ib. 3441 (cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 13 fin., and v. the art. Triumviri); A. D. A. agris dandis adsignandis, and A. I. A. agris judicandis adsignandis; A. O. amico optimo; A. P. a populo or aediliciae potestatis; A. P. R. aerario populi Romani. —Upon the voting tablets in judicial trials A. denoted absoluo; hence A. is called littera salutaris, Cic. Mil. 6, 15; v. littera. In the Roman Comitia A. (= antiquo) denoted the rejection of the point in question; v. antiquo. In Cicero's Tusculan Disputations the A. designated one of the disputants = adulescens or auditor, opp. to M. for magister or Marcus (Cicero); but it is to be remarked that the letters A and M do not occur in the best MSS. of this treatise; cf. edd. ad Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 9.—In dates A. D. = ante diem; v. ante; A. U. C. = anno urbis conditae; A. P. R. C. anno post Romam conditam.a, prep.=ab, v. ab.4.ā, interj.=ah, v. ah. -
37 endo
endo, praep., v. in init.; also the words compounded with endo (indu), as, endogredior, endoperator, etc., v. under in(im-), ingredior, imperator, etc. -
38 escendo
I.Neutr., to climb up, mount up, ascend from a place (cf. ascendo init.; also: scando, peto, incedo, ingredior; rare but class.).A.In gen.1.Lit.:2.ex alto puteo ad summum,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 14:in currum,
id. Merc. 5, 2, 90:in caelum,
id. Trin. 4, 2, 100; Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71:in rotam,
id. ib. 5, 9, 24 Klotz N. cr.:in rostra,
id. Off. 3, 20, 80; cf.:in contionem,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5; Liv. 8, 33:in malum (navis),
id. 30, 25 fin.:in equum,
id. 23, 14, 2; 30, 18, 5:in navem,
Nep. Them. 8, 6 Nipperd. (for the more usual conscendo).—Trop.:B.ut ad nos contemptus Samnitium pervenit, supra non escendit,
Liv. 7, 30.—In partic., = anabainein, to go up from the sea-coast:II.Pergamum,
Liv. 35, 13, 6:legati Delphos cum escendissent, etc.,
id. 29, 11, 5.— -
39 indugredior
indu-gredior, v. ingredior and in init. -
40 ingressio
I.Lit.:II.ab ingressione fori,
entrance, Cic. Phil. 5, 4, 9.—Transf.A.A gait, pace:B.interdum cursus est in oratione incitatior, interdum moderata ingressio,
Cic. de Or. 59, 201.—A beginning:prima ingressio mea,
Cic. de Or. 3, 11.
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MEDIAS — I. MEDIAS Athenis quidam, cognomentô Coturnix, ob intentum eius volucris aucupium. Vide Aristoph. Scholia in Aves p. 602. E. II. MEDIAS Scepsios, quae est Mysiae minoris urbs, tyrannus, qui cum Maniae Zenidis Dardaniarum urbium principis uxoris… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
ORGIA — I. ORGIA Bacchi sacra, aliô nomine Bacchanalia, Dionysiaca, Trieterica, de nocte celebrari solita, omni posthabitâ pudore, teste Liviô, l. 39. c. 9. 10. 13. 17. in Thracia primum ab Orpheo instituta, a quo etiam Orphica dicta sunt, Diodorô Siculô … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
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