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in-tractātus

  • 1 tractatus

    tractātus, ūs, m. [tracto], a touching, handling, working.
    I.
    Lit. (rare;

    not in Cic.): nucum,

    Plin. 15, 22, 24, § 87:

    plantae tractatu mansuescunt ut ferae,

    id. 17, 10, 12, § 66:

    tofacea aspera tractatu,

    id. 17, 7, 4, § 44.—
    II.
    Trop., a handling, management, treatment (class.; esp. freq. in Quint.): artium (corresp. to the preced. tractantur), * Cic. de Or. 3, 23, 86:

    asperiorum tractatu rerum atteruntur (ingenia),

    Quint. 8, prooem. § 2; so,

    artis hujusce,

    id. ib. §

    5: communis locorum,

    id. 12, 8, 2:

    temporis,

    id. 5, 10, 42:

    troporum,

    id. 1, 8, 16:

    aequi bonique,

    id. 12, 1, 8; 12, 2, 3:

    judicialis officii,

    Gell. 14, 2, 20; Vell. 2, 94, 4.—In plur.:

    tractatus omnes,

    Quint. 7, 6, 12:

    legales,

    id. 3, 8, 4.—
    2.
    Esp., of mental handling. reflection, consideration:

    de copiis expensisque,

    Veg. Mil. 3, 3; Dig. 19, 5, 5:

    si cognitio prolixiorem tractatum habeat,

    ib. 36, 1, 3:

    in tractatu habere,

    Lact. Mort. Pers. 48, 2. —
    3.
    A consultation, discussion:

    cum tractatu habito societas coïta est,

    Dig. 17, [p. 1883] 2, 32:

    diu multumque tractatu inter nos habito,

    Cypr. Ep. 3, 3. —
    B.
    Transf., in concr.
    1.
    A treatise, tractate, tract:

    separatim toto tractatu sententia ejus judicanda est,

    Plin. 14, 4, 5, § 45.—
    2.
    In eccl. Lat., a sermon, homily:

    tractatus populares, quos Graece homilias vocant,

    Aug. Haeres. 4 praef.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > tractatus

  • 2 (tractātus, ūs)

       (tractātus, ūs) m    [tracto], a handling, management, treatment.—Only abl sing.: artium.

    Latin-English dictionary > (tractātus, ūs)

  • 3 tractatus

    dealing w/problem/subject/treatment; treatment method; handling/management; treaty; convention

    Latin-English dictionary > tractatus

  • 4 in-trāctātus

        in-trāctātus adj.,    not managed, untamed, wild: equus, unbroken.—Untried: ne quid intractatum sceleris fuisset, V.

    Latin-English dictionary > in-trāctātus

  • 5 tractō

        tractō āvī, ātus, āre, freq.    [traho], to draw violently, drag, tug, haul, pull: tractata comis antistita Phoebi, O.— To touch, take in hand, handle: ea, quae tractemus, audiamus: aret Pellis et ad tactum tractandi dura resistit, V.: puer unctis Tractavit calicem manibus, H.: vites tractari tuerique.— To wield, manage, control: Ceram pollice, O.: gubernacula: tela, L.: speciosius arma, H.: pecuniam publicam: Tractat inauratae consona fila lyrae, plays upon, O.—Fig., to handle, manage, conduct, lead, carry on, practise, transact: res turbidas, Enn. ap. C.: condiciones, Cs.: bellum, L.: artem, T.: personam in scenā, act: partīs secundas (mimus), H.: quo in munere ita se tractavit, ut, etc., conducted himself: persona, quae minime in iudiciis periculisque tractata est, i. e. is by no means accustomed to.—To treat, conduct oneself towards: haec arte tractabat virum, Ut, etc., T.: non tractabo ut consulem: liberaliter eos: pater parum pie tractatus a filio: benignius ipsum Te, H.— To handle, treat, investigate, discuss: oratori omnia disputata, tractata esse debent: tractata res: definitiones fortitudinis: tractatae inter Eumenem et Persea condiciones amicitiae, L.: memori tractandum pectore, to be meditated, Iu. — To negotiate, treat: de condicionibus, N.
    * * *
    tractare, tractavi, tractatus V
    draw, haul, pull, drag about; handle, manage, treat, discuss

    Latin-English dictionary > tractō

  • 6 retractatus

    1.
    rē̆tractātus, a, um, Part. and P.a. of retracto.
    2.
    rē̆tractātus, ūs, m. [retracto], Tertullian; v. retractatio.
    I.
    A repetition, Tert. Praescr. 7. —
    II.
    Hesitation, doubt:

    sine retractatu,

    Tert. Apol. 4; id. adv. Marc. 1, 1 fin.; in plur., id. Spect. 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > retractatus

  • 7 tracto

    tracto, āvi, ātum ( gen. plur. part. tractantum, Ov. P. 3, 3, 20), 1, v. freq. a. [traho].
    I.
    To draw violently, to drag, tug, haul, etc. (so, very rare): qui te (Hectorem) sic tractavere? Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Trag. v. 96 Vahl.):

    tractatus per aequora campi,

    id. Ann. v. 140 Vahl.:

    tractata comis antistita Phoebi,

    Ov. M. 13, 410:

    malis morsuque ferarum Tractari,

    to be torn, rent, lacerated, Lucr. 3, 889.—
    II.
    To touch, take in hand, handle, manage, wield; to exercise, practise, transact, perform, etc. (freq. and class.; cf.: tango, ago, perago).
    A.
    Lit.:

    ut ea, quae gustemus, olfaciamus, tractemus, audiamus, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 38, 111:

    numquam temere tinnit tintinnabulum, nisi qui illud tractat,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 163:

    aliquid manibus,

    id. Poen. 1, 2, 103:

    tractavisti hospitam ante aedes meas,

    id. Mil. 2, 6, 30:

    mateilionem Corinthium cupidissime tractans,

    Cic. Par. 5, 2, 38:

    volucra, quae non possum tractare sine magno gemitu,

    id. Att. 12, 22, 1:

    aret Pellis et ad tactum tractanti dura resistit,

    Verg. G. 3, 502:

    puer unctis Tractavit calicem manibus,

    Hor. S. 2, 4, 79:

    vitulos consuescere manu tractari,

    Col. 6, 2, 1:

    tractat inauratae consona fila lyrae,

    i. e. strikes, plays upon, Ov. Am. 1, 8, 60: necdum res igni scibant tractare, to prepare, i. e. to cook, dress, Lucr. 5, 953:

    solum terrae aere,

    id. 5, 1289; cf.:

    lutosum agrum,

    i. e. to till, Col. 2, 4, 5:

    tractari tuerique vites,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 14, 39:

    ceram pollice,

    Ov. M. 10, 285; cf. id. ib. 8, 196:

    lanam,

    Just. 1, 3:

    lanuginem,

    Suet. Ner. 34:

    gubernacula,

    to manage, Cic. Sest. 9, 20:

    tela,

    to wield, Liv. 7, 32, 11; cf.:

    speciosius arma,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 53:

    servus, qui meam bibliothecen multorum nummorum tractavit,

    has taken care of, had charge of, Cic. Fam. 13, 77, 3; cf.: eras tu quaestor;

    pecuniam publicam tu tractabas,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 10, 32:

    rationem Prusensium,

    Plin. Ep. 10, 28, 5.—
    B. 1.
    In gen.: ut ne res temere tractent turbidas, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 1, 45, 199 (Trag. v. 189 Vahl.):

    suam rem minus caute et cogitate,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 46:

    causas amicorum tractare atque agere,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 37, 170:

    causam difficiliorem,

    id. Fam. 3, 12, 3:

    condiciones,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 28:

    bellum,

    to conduct, carry on, Liv. 23, 28, 4; Tac. A. 1, 59; Just. 9, 8, 12; 22, 5, 4:

    proelia,

    Sil. 15, 466; cf.:

    vitam vulgivago more ferarum,

    to lead, pass, spend, Lucr. 5, 930; so,

    vitam,

    Auct. Her. 4, 24, 33 (al. transactam):

    imperium,

    Just. 1, 2, 1:

    regna,

    id. 2, 4, 20:

    pauca admodum vi tractata, quo ceteris quies esset,

    Tac. A. 1, 9 fin.:

    artem,

    to practise, Ter. Phorm. prol. 17; Cic. Ac. 2, 7, 22:

    verba vetera,

    to employ, Quint. 11, 1, 6:

    personam in scenā,

    to perform, act, represent, id. Rosc. Com. 7, 20; so,

    partes secundas (mimus),

    Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 14:

    animos,

    Cic. Or. 28, 97; cf. Quint. 11, 1, 85.—Reflex.:

    quo in munere ita se tractavit, ut, etc.,

    has so conducted himself, Cic. Fam. 13, 12, 1; so,

    ita me in re publicā tractabo, ut meminerim, etc.,

    id. Cat. 3, 12, 29.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To treat, use, or conduct one ' s self towards a person in any manner:

    ego te, ut merita es de me, tractare exsequar,

    Plaut. As. 1, 3, 8: haec arte tractabat virum, ut, etc., Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 125:

    omnibus rebus eum ita tractes, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 3:

    non tractabo ut consulem,

    id. Phil. 2, 5, 10:

    aliquem liberaliter,

    id. Verr. 1, 8, 23:

    nec liberalius nec honorificentius potuisse tractari,

    id. Fam. 13, 27, 2:

    pater parum pie tractatus a filio,

    id. Cael. 2, 3:

    mercatores ac navicularii injuriosius tractati,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 5, 11:

    pauloque benignius ipsum Te tractare voles,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 12. —
    b.
    To handle, treat, investigate, discuss any thing, mentally, orally, or in writing (cf.: dissero, disputo, ago). ( a) With acc.:

    quem ad modum quamque causam tractare conveniat,

    Auct. Her. 2, 2, 2:

    oratori omnia quaesita, audita, lecta, disputata, tractata, agitata esse debent,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 54:

    habeat omnes philosophiae notos et tractatos locos,

    id. Or. 33, 118:

    causas amicorum,

    id. de Or. 1, 37, 170:

    tractata res,

    id. Rep. 3, 3, 4:

    definitiones fortitudinis,

    id. Tusc. 4, 24, 53:

    partem philosophiae,

    id. Ac. 1, 8, 30:

    constantiam,

    id. Lael. 18, 65; cf. id. ib. 22, 82:

    ibi consilia decem legatorum tractabantur,

    Liv. 33, 31, 7:

    fama fuit... tractatas inter Eumenen et Persea condiciones amicitiae,

    id. 44, 13, 9:

    scrupulosius tractabo ventos,

    Plin. 2, 46, 45, § 118: prima elementa, Quint. prooem. 21;

    1, 1, 23: locus, qui copississime a Cicerone tractatur,

    id. 1, 4, 24; 7, 2, 43:

    aliquid memori pectore,

    to ponder, reflect upon, Juv. 11, 28; cf.:

    tractare proeliorum vias,

    Tac. A. 2, 5: ut quaestio diligentius tractaretur, Aug. Civ. Dei, 2, 21, 1.—
    (β).
    With de and abl. (mostly postAug.):

    de officii parte,

    Sen. Contr. 2, 1 (9), 20 (dub.;

    Madv. and Kiessl. partem): quoniam de religionibus tractabatur,

    Tac. A. 3, 71:

    ubi de figuris orationis tractandum erit,

    Quint. 1, 5, 5; 2, 13, 14; 2, 20, 10:

    de negotiis,

    to discuss, Suet. Aug. 35 fin. —
    (γ).
    With interrog.-clause:

    quo tractatur amicus an inimicus,

    Quint. 5, 10, 29; 7, 2, 56:

    utra sit antiquior (lex),

    id. 7, 7, 8:

    cum tractaret, quinam adipisci principem locum abnuerent, etc.,

    Tac. A. 1, 13.—
    c.
    To negotiate, treat:

    dum de condicionibus tractat,

    Nep. Eum. 5, 7; Suet. Claud. 26:

    de Asiā,

    Just. 37, 3, 4:

    de redimendo filio,

    id. 31, 7, 7.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > tracto

  • 8 ūberius

        ūberius adv. comp. with sup. ūberrimē    [2 uber], more fruitfully, more fully, more copiously: Uberius nulli provenit ista seges, O.: flere uberius.— Fig., of style or composition, more copiously, more fully: haec cum uberius disputantur: locus tractatus uberrime.
    * * *
    in/with greater/est abundance/exuberance; more prolifically/fully/copiously

    Latin-English dictionary > ūberius

  • 9 anfractum

    1.
    anfractus (not amfr-), a, um, P. a. [qs. from anfringo], winding, bending, cooked:

    spatia,

    Amm. 29, 5.—Hence, subst.: anfractum, i, n., a winding, a crook, curve (ante-class. for the class. anfractus, us): terrarum anfracta, Att. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 15 Müll. (Trag. Rel. p. 151 Rib.): in anfracto, Varr. ib.: cavata aurium anfracta, Varr. ap. Non. p. 193, 5.
    2.
    anfractus (not amfr-), ūs, m. [id.], pr. a breaking round; hence, a bending, recurving, turning (in the ante-class. per. rare; v. the preced. art.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    quid pulchrius eā figurā (sc. sphaericā) quae nihil incisum anfractibus, nihil eminens, habere potest?

    Cic. N. D. 2, 18, 47.—Hence, of the circular motion of the sun (acc. to the ancient belief):

    solis anfractus,

    a circuit, revolution, Cic. Rep. 6, 12; cf. id. Leg. 2, 8.—Of the crookedness of horns:

    cornua convoluta in anfractum,

    Plin. 11, 37, 45, § 124.—Of the coils of a serpent, Val. Fl. 7, 523; Stat. Th. 5, 520.—Also freq., particularly in the histt., of the turning or winding of a road, etc., a tortuous, circuitous route:

    si nullus anfractus intercederet,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 46:

    illa (via) altero tanto longiorem habebat anfractum,

    Nep. Eum. 8, 5:

    per anfractus jugi procurrere,

    Liv. 44, 4:

    anfractus viarum,

    id. 33, 1:

    litorum anfractus,

    the windings, id. 38, 7 al.; Luc. 1, 605. —
    II.
    Trop., of discourse, = ambages, circumlocution, digression:

    quid opus est circuitione et anfractu?

    Cic. Div. 2, 61, 127:

    oratio circumscripta non longo anfractu, sed ad spiritum vocis apto,

    id. Part. Or. 6, 21:

    quae omnia infinitus anfractus habent,

    ramifications, Quint. 6, 1, 15, where Bonn. and Halm read tractatus. —Of legal matters, intricacies, prolixity:

    judiciorum,

    Cic. Clu. 56, 159:

    juris,

    Quint. 12, 9, 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > anfractum

  • 10 anfractus

    1.
    anfractus (not amfr-), a, um, P. a. [qs. from anfringo], winding, bending, cooked:

    spatia,

    Amm. 29, 5.—Hence, subst.: anfractum, i, n., a winding, a crook, curve (ante-class. for the class. anfractus, us): terrarum anfracta, Att. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 15 Müll. (Trag. Rel. p. 151 Rib.): in anfracto, Varr. ib.: cavata aurium anfracta, Varr. ap. Non. p. 193, 5.
    2.
    anfractus (not amfr-), ūs, m. [id.], pr. a breaking round; hence, a bending, recurving, turning (in the ante-class. per. rare; v. the preced. art.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    quid pulchrius eā figurā (sc. sphaericā) quae nihil incisum anfractibus, nihil eminens, habere potest?

    Cic. N. D. 2, 18, 47.—Hence, of the circular motion of the sun (acc. to the ancient belief):

    solis anfractus,

    a circuit, revolution, Cic. Rep. 6, 12; cf. id. Leg. 2, 8.—Of the crookedness of horns:

    cornua convoluta in anfractum,

    Plin. 11, 37, 45, § 124.—Of the coils of a serpent, Val. Fl. 7, 523; Stat. Th. 5, 520.—Also freq., particularly in the histt., of the turning or winding of a road, etc., a tortuous, circuitous route:

    si nullus anfractus intercederet,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 46:

    illa (via) altero tanto longiorem habebat anfractum,

    Nep. Eum. 8, 5:

    per anfractus jugi procurrere,

    Liv. 44, 4:

    anfractus viarum,

    id. 33, 1:

    litorum anfractus,

    the windings, id. 38, 7 al.; Luc. 1, 605. —
    II.
    Trop., of discourse, = ambages, circumlocution, digression:

    quid opus est circuitione et anfractu?

    Cic. Div. 2, 61, 127:

    oratio circumscripta non longo anfractu, sed ad spiritum vocis apto,

    id. Part. Or. 6, 21:

    quae omnia infinitus anfractus habent,

    ramifications, Quint. 6, 1, 15, where Bonn. and Halm read tractatus. —Of legal matters, intricacies, prolixity:

    judiciorum,

    Cic. Clu. 56, 159:

    juris,

    Quint. 12, 9, 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > anfractus

  • 11 detractatus

    dē-tractātus, ūs, m., a treatise, Tert. Spect. 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > detractatus

  • 12 frequens

    frĕquens, entis, adj. [root phrak-, phrassô, to enclose, make close; Lat. farcio, fartilis, etc.; cf. Germ. Berg, Burg], that takes place repeatedly, often, or frequently, often, frequent (class.; syn.: celeber, creber).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    Of persons, that is often at a place, or that often does a thing, regular, constant, repeated (syn.:

    assiduus, creber, multus): erat ille Romae frequens, in foro et in ore omnium cottidie versabatur,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 16:

    quibuscum si frequentes sunt,

    id. Off. 2, 13, 46; cf. Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 80.— Comp.:

    quod filium frequentiorem prope cum illis quam secum cernebat,

    Liv. 39, 53, 11:

    Demosthenes frequens fuit Platonis auditor,

    an assiduous hearer, Cic. Or. 4, 45:

    nos autem in hoc genere (orationis) frequentes,

    id. ib. 50, 167:

    sed in utroque frequentiores sunt poëtae,

    id. ib. 60, 202; cf.

    spectator,

    Quint. 10, 5, 19:

    conviva,

    Mart. 9, 98, 10:

    frequentem ad signa esse,

    Liv. 3, 24, 5:

    adesse senatui,

    Tac. A. 4, 55; so with dat.:

    contionibus,

    id. H. 4, 69 fin.:

    secretis,

    id. A. 4, 3:

    in ore frequens posteritatis eris,

    Ov. P. 2, 6, 34:

    frequens te audivi atque affui,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 243.— Poet. with inf.:

    hic hominum casus lenire et demere fatis Jura frequens,

    Stat. Th. 7, 706.—
    B.
    Of inanim. and abstr. things, repeated, often, frequent, common, usual:

    mihi frequentem operam dedistis,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 7:

    (senectus) caret epulis exstructisque mensis et frequentibus poculis,

    Cic. de Sen. 13, 44:

    frequentiores (lactucae) in cibo,

    Plin. 20, 7, 26, § 68:

    frequentes litterae,

    Suet. Tib. 11:

    edicta,

    id. Ner. 41:

    iambus et trochaeus frequens,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 182; cf.:

    (verbum igitur) cum apud alios sit etiam frequens, apud alios numquam reperiatur,

    Quint. 1, 5, 39:

    opera (= assidua),

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 7; cf. Varr. L. L. 7, § 99: frequentiora latrocinia, Asin. Poll. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 1:

    familiaritas,

    Nep. Att. 19 fin.:

    honores,

    id. Phoc. 1:

    comparationis usus,

    Quint. 8, 6, 14:

    frequentior usus anulorum,

    Plin. 33, 1, 6, § 17; cf.:

    nec fuit alia gemma apud antiquos usu frequentior,

    id. 37, 7, 31, § 106:

    frequentior fama,

    Liv. 2, 32, 3: sententia, held or adopted by many, Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 6:

    frequens apud Graecos adagium,

    Gell. 1, 8, 4; cf. Quint. 8, 6, 37:

    id frequentius est, quam ut exemplis confirmandum sit,

    id. 4, 1, 75; 9, 2, 53:

    esse videatur, jam nimis frequens, octonarium incohat,

    id. 9, 4, 73.— With a subject-clause:

    erat adhuc frequens senatoribus, si quid, etc....loco sententiae promere, = usitatum,

    Tac. A. 2, 33:

    parere ergo exceptionem rei judicatae, frequens est,

    Dig. 44, 2, 6.
    II.
    Transf., of a multitude, assembled in great numbers, full, crowded, numerous:

    videt multos equites Romanos, frequentes praeterea cives atque socios,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 3, 7:

    refert etiam, qui audiant, frequentes an pauci an singuli,

    id. de Or. 3, 55, 211:

    major frequentiorque legatio,

    Liv. 5, 5, 10:

    senatus fuit frequentior quam, etc.... frequentes fuimus, omnino ad ducentos,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 1:

    senatus frequens convenit,

    id. Fam. 10, 12, 3; cf.:

    senatus frequens vocatu Drusi in curiam venit,

    id. de Or. 3, 1, 2; Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 111; cf.

    also: frequentissimo senatu,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 38, 99:

    ad frequentiores consultatio dilata,

    Liv. 35, 7, 1:

    legem populi frequentis suffragiis abrogare,

    Cic. Brut. 62, 222:

    mane Germani frequentes ad eum in castra venerunt,

    in great numbers, Caes. B. G. 4, 13, 4; cf.:

    eodem conveniunt undique frequentes,

    id. ib. 7, 63, 6; id. B. C. 1, 13, 1:

    frequenti consessu,

    Suet. Aug. 44:

    convivio frequenti,

    id. Caes. 31; id. Tib. 61:

    frequenti auditorio,

    id. Claud. 41:

    equites Romani, qui frequentissimi in gradibus Concordiae steterunt,

    Cic. Phil. 7, 8, 21:

    huc postero die quam frequentissimi conveniunt,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 11, 5:

    frequens ibi hic piscis,

    Plin. 9, 59, 85, § 180: huc frequens Caementa demittit redemptor Cum famulis ( poet. for famulis frequentibus), Hor. C. 3, 1, 34.—
    B.
    Of places filled with a multitude, filled, full, crowded, populous, much frequented, well stocked (syn.: plenus, abundans).— Constr. absol., with abl., and in Tac. also [p. 780] with gen.
    (α).
    Absol.:

    frequentissimum theatrum,

    Cic. Div. 1, 28 fin.:

    sic ut nulla (praefectura) tota Italia frequentior dici possit,

    more populous, id. Planc. 8, 21:

    ei processit, ut est frequens municipium magna multitudo,

    id. Phil. 2, 41, 106:

    Numidia,

    Sall. J. 78 fin.:

    celebre et frequens emporium,

    much frequented, Liv. 38, 18, 11:

    via,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 585; cf.

    compita,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 26:

    ludi,

    id. Carm. Sec. 22; cf.

    pompa,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 147.—
    (β).
    With abl. (since the Aug. per.):

    cum situm moeniaque et frequentem tectis urbem vidissent,

    Liv. 1, 9, 9:

    loca aedificiis,

    id. 31, 23, 5:

    Aegyptus multis (urbibus),

    Plin. 5, 9, 11, § 60:

    terra colubris,

    Ov. M. 4, 620:

    Sinuessa niveis columbis,

    id. ib. 15, 715:

    silva trabibus,

    id. ib. 8, 328; cf.:

    locus piceis ilicibusque,

    id. H. 16, 54:

    nemus agrestium pavonum multitudine frequens,

    Curt. 9, 2, 13:

    Nilus feris et beluis,

    Plin. 5, 9, 10, § 53:

    amnis vorticibus,

    Ov. M. 9, 106:

    vivarium piscibus,

    Col. 8, 16, 4:

    pharetra telis Lernaeis,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 1233.— Comp.:

    utra pars frequentior vicis esset,

    Liv. 35, 11, 5.—
    * (γ).
    With gen.:

    quod talis silvae frequens fecundusque erat (mons),

    Tac. A. 4, 65.—Hence, adv.: frĕ-quenter.
    1.
    (Acc. to I.) Often, frequently (not freq. till after the Aug. per.):

    ut frequenter et assidue consequamur artis rationem studio et exercitatione,

    Auct. Her. 4, 56, 69:

    ad aliquem frequenter ventitare,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 9 (Moser, frequentes); cf.:

    gratior (erat) Alexandro frequenter in officinam ventitanti,

    Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 85:

    praecipue quidem apud Ciceronem, frequenter tamen apud Asinium,

    Quint. 1, 8, 11:

    frequenter in his etiam conjecturae locus est, nonnumquam tractatur aliqua finitio: aliquando etiam legales possunt incidere tractatus,

    id. 3, 8, 4:

    habet usum talis allegoriae frequenter oratio, sed raro totius,

    id. 8, 6, 47:

    continuo aut certe nimium frequenter,

    id. 9, 1, 11;

    opp. semper,

    id. 12, 1, 3; v. infra.— Comp.:

    quod et M. Cicero scripto ad Brutum libro frequentius testatur,

    Quint. 1, 10, 4:

    haec ad conjecturam frequentius pertinent, sed interim ad jus quoque,

    id. 5, 10, 38:

    ne plebs frumentationum causa frequentius a negotiis avocaretur,

    Suet. Aug. 40:

    non alias missi cecidere frequentius ignes,

    Ov. F. 3, 287.— Sup.:

    translatione frequentissime sermo omnis utitur,

    Cic. Or. 24, 81:

    non semper, etiamsi frequentissime, tuenda veritas erit,

    Quint. 2, 17, 36; Suet. Aug. 43.—
    2.
    (Acc. to II.) Numerously, in great numbers, by many (very rare):

    huic frequenter interceditur,

    Cic. Att. 1, 19, 5:

    Romam inde frequenter migratum est,

    Liv. 1, 11, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > frequens

  • 13 generalis

    gĕnĕrālis, e, adj. [genus].
    I.
    Of or belonging to a kind or species, generic (very rare): variae volucres ut in ordine cunctae Ostendant maculas generales corpore inesse, etc., of their species, Lucr. 1, 590:

    cum qualis sit res, quaeritur, quia et de vi et de genere negotii controversia est, constitutio generalis vocatur,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 8, 10. —
    II.
    Of or relating to all, general (opp. singuli and specialis; cf. universalis;

    freq. only since the Aug. per.): et generale quoddam decorum intelligimus, quod in omni honestate versatur, et aliud huic subjectum, quod pertinet ad singulas partes honestatis,

    Cic. Off. 1, 27, 96:

    causae, opp. singulae lites,

    Quint. 7, 1, 64; Sen. Ep. 58 med.:

    cum sit omnis generalis quaestio speciali potentior,

    Quint. 12, 2, 18; cf.:

    illud generale, hoc speciale,

    id. 5, 10, 44:

    tractatus, opp. specialis,

    id. 5, 7, 35; cf.:

    ab generali tractatu ad quasdam deduci species,

    id. 2, 4, 22:

    de re et generales quaestiones sunt et definitae,

    id. 7, 2, 1:

    definitio,

    Dig. 28, 5, 4:

    pactum,

    ib. 2, 14, 40: lex est generale jussum populi aut plebis, rogante magistratu, At. Cap. ap. Gell. 10, 20, 2.—Hence, adv.: gĕnĕrālĭter (acc. to II.), in general, generally (mostly post-Aug.; cf.:

    generatim, communiter): tempus est, id quo nunc utimur (nam ipsum quidem generaliter definire difficile est), pars quaedam aeternitatis,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 26, 39:

    quaedam adnotasse, sed generaliter (opp. particulas etiam persequi),

    Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 3:

    tempus generaliter et specialiter accipitur, etc.,

    Quint. 5, 10, 42 sq.;

    so opp. specialiter,

    id. 5, 7, 4; 5, 11, 1;

    opp. proprie,

    id. 3, 7, 7:

    legare,

    Gai. Inst. 2, 238:

    stipulari,

    id. ib. 4, 53:

    universi,

    Vulg. Jer. 25, 20.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > generalis

  • 14 intractatus

    in-tractātus, a, um, adj. [2. in-tracto], not handled or managed, untamed, wild; untried, unattempted (class.):

    equus,

    unbroken, Cic. Lael. 19, 68:

    decor,

    wild, natural, simple, Grat. Cyn. 134:

    lanae,

    not carded, Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 5, 57:

    ne quid intractatum scelerisve dolive fuisset,

    Verg. A. 8, 206.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > intractatus

  • 15 legalis

    lēgālis, e, adj. [lex], of or belonging to the law, legal (post-Aug.):

    genus quaestionis,

    Quint. 3, 5, 4; cf. id. 3, 6, 86 sq.:

    quaestiones,

    id. 3, 6, 46:

    status,

    id. 3, 6, 45:

    tractatus,

    id. 3, 8, 4: vita, according to the (divine) law, pious, Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 25.— Hence, adv.: lēgālĭter, according to law, legally:

    adversarium provocare legaliter,

    Cassiod. Ep. 4, 37: de homicidiis Moyses legaliter dicit, i. e. in laying down the law, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 1, 5 prooem.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > legalis

  • 16 legaliter

    lēgālis, e, adj. [lex], of or belonging to the law, legal (post-Aug.):

    genus quaestionis,

    Quint. 3, 5, 4; cf. id. 3, 6, 86 sq.:

    quaestiones,

    id. 3, 6, 46:

    status,

    id. 3, 6, 45:

    tractatus,

    id. 3, 8, 4: vita, according to the (divine) law, pious, Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 25.— Hence, adv.: lēgālĭter, according to law, legally:

    adversarium provocare legaliter,

    Cassiod. Ep. 4, 37: de homicidiis Moyses legaliter dicit, i. e. in laying down the law, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 1, 5 prooem.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > legaliter

  • 17 philosopha

    phĭlŏsŏphus, a, um, adj., = philosophos, philosophical: philosopha sententia, Pac. ap. Gell. 13, 8, 4:

    scriptiones,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:

    verbum,

    Macr. S. 7, 1, § 1:

    tractatus,

    id. ib. 7, 1, § 13.—
    II.
    Subst.
    A.
    phĭ-lŏsŏphus, i, m., a philosopher:

    philosophi denique ipsius, qui de suā vi ac sapientiā unus omnia paene profitetur, est tamen quaedam descriptio, ut is, qui studeat, omnium rerum divinarum atque humanarum vim, naturam causasque nosse et omnem bene vivendi rationem tenere et persequi, nomine hoc appelletur,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 49, 212:

    alio tempore rhetorum praecepta tradere, alio philosophorum,

    id. Tusc. 2, 3, 9: nemo aegrotus quicquam somniat tam infandum, quod non aliquis dicat philosophus, Varr. ap. Non. 56, 15; cf. Cic. Div. 2, 58, 119.— Plur.:

    Stoici philosophi,

    Vulg. Act. 17, 18.—
    B.
    phĭlŏsŏpha, ae, f., a female philosopher:

    ea villa tamquam philosopha videtur esse,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2, § 5; so in apposition: philosopha anicula, Verus ap. Vulcat. Avid. Cass. 1.—Hence, adv.: phĭlŏsŏphē, philosophically:

    in his ipsis prooemiis philosophe scribere voluimus,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 2, 8.—Ironically, Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 47.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > philosopha

  • 18 philosophus

    phĭlŏsŏphus, a, um, adj., = philosophos, philosophical: philosopha sententia, Pac. ap. Gell. 13, 8, 4:

    scriptiones,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:

    verbum,

    Macr. S. 7, 1, § 1:

    tractatus,

    id. ib. 7, 1, § 13.—
    II.
    Subst.
    A.
    phĭ-lŏsŏphus, i, m., a philosopher:

    philosophi denique ipsius, qui de suā vi ac sapientiā unus omnia paene profitetur, est tamen quaedam descriptio, ut is, qui studeat, omnium rerum divinarum atque humanarum vim, naturam causasque nosse et omnem bene vivendi rationem tenere et persequi, nomine hoc appelletur,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 49, 212:

    alio tempore rhetorum praecepta tradere, alio philosophorum,

    id. Tusc. 2, 3, 9: nemo aegrotus quicquam somniat tam infandum, quod non aliquis dicat philosophus, Varr. ap. Non. 56, 15; cf. Cic. Div. 2, 58, 119.— Plur.:

    Stoici philosophi,

    Vulg. Act. 17, 18.—
    B.
    phĭlŏsŏpha, ae, f., a female philosopher:

    ea villa tamquam philosopha videtur esse,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2, § 5; so in apposition: philosopha anicula, Verus ap. Vulcat. Avid. Cass. 1.—Hence, adv.: phĭlŏsŏphē, philosophically:

    in his ipsis prooemiis philosophe scribere voluimus,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 2, 8.—Ironically, Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 47.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > philosophus

  • 19 praesto

    1.
    praestō (old collat. form praestū, acc. to Curtius Valerianus in Cassiod. p. 2289 P.: qui praestu sunt, Inscr. Carina Via Appia, 1, p. 217. In later time as adj.: prae-stus, a, um:

    bonorum officio praestus fui,

    Inscr. Grut. 669, 4), adv. [dat. from praestus, a sup. form from prae, so that praesto esse alicui = to be or stand in the foremost place for or as respects one], at hand, ready, present, here; usually with esse (very freq. and class.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    ni tua propitia pax foret praesto,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 18: sed ubi est frater? Chaer. Praesto adest, Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 20; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 120; so Att. Tr. 498:

    quod adest praesto in primis placet,

    Lucr. 5, 1412; Lact. 3, 7, 10:

    sacrificiis omnibus praesto adesse,

    id. 2, 16, 10;

    more freq., praesto esse: ibi mihi praesto fuit L. Lucilius,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 5, 1:

    togulae lictoribus ad portam praesto fuerunt,

    id. Pis. 23, 55:

    tibi nulla fuit clementia praesto?

    hadst thou no compassion? Cat. 64, 137: praesto esse, to arrive, appear:

    hirundines aestivo tempore praesto sunt,

    Auct. Her. 4, 48, 61.—Without esse ( poet.):

    era, eccum praesto militem,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 1:

    ipsum adeo praesto video,

    Ter. And. 2, 5, 4; Stat. Th. 6, 643.—
    II.
    In partic: praesto esse or adire
    A.
    To be at hand, to attend or wait upon, to serve, aid:

    ero meo ut omnibus locis sine praesto,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 6, 26:

    jus civile didicit, praesto multis fuit,

    Cic. Mur. 9, 19:

    praesto esse clientem tuum?

    id. Att. 10, 8, 3:

    saluti tuae praesto esse, praesto esse virtutes ut ancillulas,

    id. Fin. 2, 21, 69; id. Fam. 4, 14, 4:

    ut ad omnia, quae tui velint, ita assim praesto, ut, etc.,

    id. ib. 4, 8, 1; id. Att. 4, 12, 1 fin.;

    also with videor,

    id. ib. 4, 12, 1 fin. —With adire:

    pauper erit praesto semper tibi, pauper adibit primus,

    will be at hand, at your service, Tib. 1, 5, 61.—
    B.
    With esse, to present one's self in a hostile manner, to resist, oppose:

    si quis mihi praesto fuerit cum armatis hominibus,

    Cic. Caecin. 30, 87:

    quaestores cum fascibus mihi praesto fuerunt,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 11.
    2.
    prae-sto, ĭti (post-class. also praestāvi), ātum or ĭtum, 1, v. n. and a.
    I.
    Neutr., to stand before or in front.
    A.
    Lit.:

    dum primae praestant acies,

    Luc. 4, 30.—
    B.
    Trop., to stand out, be superior, to distinguish one's self, to be excellent, distinguished, admirable; constr. alicui aliquā re, alicui rei, in aliquā re, or absol. (class.):

    cum virtute omnibus praestarent,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 3:

    quantum praestiterint nostri majores prudentiā ceteris gentibus,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 44, 192:

    quā re homines bestiis praestent,

    id. Inv. 1, 4, 5:

    hoc praestat amicitia propinquitati, quod, etc.,

    id. Lael. 5, 19:

    Zeuxin muliebri in corpore pingendo plurimum aliis praestare,

    id. Inv. 2, 1, 1:

    ceteris,

    id. Ac. 1, 4, 16:

    suos inter aequales longe praestitit,

    id. Brut. 64, 230:

    omnes homines, qui sese student praestare ceteris animalibus,

    Sall. C. 1, 1:

    praestare honestam mortem existimans turpi vitae,

    Nep. Chabr. 4, 3:

    quantum ceteris praestet Lucretia,

    Liv. 1, 57, 7:

    cernere, quantum eques Latinus Romano praestet,

    id. 8, 7, 7:

    quantum vel vir viro vel gens genti praestat!

    id. 31, 7, 8:

    genere militum praestare tironibus,

    id. 42, 52, 10:

    tantum Romana in bellis gloria ceteris praestat,

    Quint. 1, 10, 14:

    qui eloquentiā ceteris praestet,

    id. 2, 3, 5; 2, 16, 17; Curt. 8, 14, 13; Just. 18, 3, 14; 28, 2, 11; 44, 3, 9:

    sacro, quod praestat, peracto,

    Juv. 12, 86:

    probro atque petulantiā maxume praestabant,

    were pre-eminent, distinguished themselves, Sall. C. 37, 5:

    truculentiā caeli praestat Germania,

    Tac. A. 2, 24:

    cur alias aliis praestare videmus Pondere res rebus?

    Lucr. 1, 358.—
    2.
    Praestat, with a subjectclause, it is preferable or better:

    nimio impendiosum praestat te, quam ingratum dicier,

    it is much better, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 2, 12:

    mori milies praestitit, quam haec pati,

    it was better, Cic. Att. 14, 9, 2:

    praestare dicunt, Gallorum quam Romanorum imperia perferre,

    it is better, Caes. B. G. 1, 17:

    motos praestat componere fluctus,

    Verg. A. 1, 135; 3, 429; 6, 39.
    II.
    Act.
    A.
    To surpass, outstrip, exceed, [p. 1431] excel (not in Cic. or Cæs.; constr. usually aliquem aliquā re): qui primus in alterutrā re praestet alios, Varr. ap. Non. 502, 23; Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 10; 3, 1, 3:

    quantum Galli virtute ceteros mortales praestarent,

    Liv. 5, 36, 4:

    qui belli gloriā Gallos omnes Belgasque praestabant,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 6:

    praestate virtute peditem, ut honore atque ordine praestatis,

    Liv. 3, 61, 7:

    ut vetustate et gradu honoris nos praestent,

    id. 7, 30, 4; 34, 34, 14; 37, 30, 2:

    praestat ingenio alius alium,

    Quint. 1, 1, 3; Val. Max. 3, 2, 21; 3, 2, ext. 7;

    7, 2, 17: honore ceteros,

    Nep. Att. 18, 5; 3, 3; id. Reg. 3, 5:

    imperatores prudentiā,

    id. Hann. 1, 1:

    eloquentiā omnes eo tempore,

    id. Epam. 6, 1.—Only aliquem, Stat. Th. 4, 838.—
    B.
    To become surety for, to answer or vouch for, to warrant, be responsible for, to take upon one's self, etc. (class.):

    ut omnes ministros imperii tui rei publicae praestare videare,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 3:

    quem tamen ego praestare non poteram,

    id. Att. 6, 3, 5:

    quanto magis arduum est alios praestare quam se, tanto laudabilius,

    Plin. Pan. 83:

    communem incertumque casum neque vitare quisquam nostrum, nec praestare ullo pacto potest,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3: simus eā mente ut nihil in vitā nobis praestandum praeter culpam putemus, that we need only answer for guilt, i. e. keep ourselves clear of guilt, id. ib. 6, 1, 4:

    impetus populi praestare nemo potest,

    no one can be held to answer for the outbreaks of the people, id. de Or. 2, 28, 124:

    periculum judicii,

    id. Mur. 2, 3:

    damnum alicui,

    id. Off. 3, 16:

    invidiam,

    id. Sest. 28, 61:

    nihil,

    to be responsible for nothing, id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3; cf. in pass.:

    cum id, quod ab homine non potuerit praestari, evenerit,

    what none could vouch for that it would not happen, id. Tusc. 3, 16, 34. —With ab aliquā re:

    ego tibi a vi praestare nihil possum,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 4, 3.—With de:

    quod de te sperare, de me praestare possum,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 15, 2.—With an objectclause:

    quis potest praestare, semper sapientem beatum fore, cum, etc.?

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, 29; cf.:

    (praedones) nullos fore, quis praestare poterat?

    id. Fl. 12, 28:

    meliorem praesto magistro Discipulum,

    Juv. 14, 212.—With ut:

    illius lacrimae praestant ut veniam culpae non abnuat Osiris,

    Juv. 6, 539.—
    C.
    In gen., to fulfil, discharge, maintain, perform, execute:

    arbitramur nos ea praestitisse, quae ratio et doctrina praescripserit,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 3, 7:

    ultima exspectato, quae ego tibi et jucunda et honesta praestabo,

    id. Fam. 7, 17, 2:

    suum munus,

    id. de Or. 2, 9, 38:

    hospitii et amicitiae jus officiumque,

    id. Fam. 14, 4, 2:

    ne quem ejus paeniteret, praestiti,

    I took care, exerted myself, Liv. 30, 30; Ov. Tr. 5, 14, 19:

    quamcumque ei fidem dederis, ego praestabo,

    I will fulfil, keep the promise, Cic. Fam. 5, 11, 2:

    fidem alicui,

    Liv. 30, 15:

    pacem cum iis populus Romanus non ab se tantum, sed ab rege etiam Masinissa praestitit,

    maintained, id. 40, 34:

    tributa,

    to pay, Juv. 3, 188:

    annua,

    id. 6, 480:

    triplicem usuram,

    id. 9, 7.— Pass.:

    promissum id benignius est ab rege quam praestitum,

    Liv. 43, 18, 11:

    mea tibi tamen benevolentia fidesque praestabitur,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; so,

    quibus (victoribus) senatūs fides praestabitur,

    id. Phil. 14, 11, 30:

    virtus vetat spectare fortunam dum praestetur fides,

    id. Div. 2, 37, 79:

    ni praestaretur fides publica,

    Liv. 2, 28, 7.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To keep, preserve, maintain, retain:

    pueri, quibus videmur praestare rem publicam debuisse,

    Cic. Att. 10, 4, 5; Ov. M. 11, 748:

    omnes socios salvos praestare poteramus,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 18, 55:

    mors omnia praestat Vitalem praeter sensum calidumque vaporem,

    Lucr. 3, 214. —
    b.
    To show, exhibit, to prove, evince, manifest:

    Pomptinius praestat tibi memoriam benevolentiamque, quam debet,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 3:

    neque hercule in iis ipsis rebus eam voluntatem, quam exspectaram, praestiterunt,

    id. ib. 1, 9, 5:

    virtutem,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 27:

    benevolentiam,

    Cic. Att. 11, 1, 1:

    consilium suum fidemque,

    id. de Or. 3, 33, 134. —With se, to show, prove, or behave one's self as: praesta te eum, qui, etc., show thyself such, as, etc., Cic. Fam. 1, 6, 2:

    se incolumem,

    Lucr. 3, 220:

    se invictum,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 104:

    teque praesta constanter ad omne Indeclinatae munus amicitiae,

    show thyself constant, id. ib. 4, 5, 23:

    Victoria nunc quoque se praestet,

    show itself, id. ib. 2, 169: sed ne ad illam quidem artissimam innocentiae formulam praestare nos possumus, prove ourselves innocent even according to that rule, Sen. Ira, 2, 28, 1:

    juris periti consultatoribus se praestabant,

    showed themselves accessible, Dig. 1, 2, 2.— Poet.:

    vel magnum praestet Achillem,

    should show, prove, approve himself a great Achilles, Verg. A. 11, 438.—
    c.
    To show, exhibit, manifest:

    honorem debitum patri,

    Cic. Phil. 9, 5, 12:

    fratri pietatem,

    id. Brut. 33, 126:

    virtutem et diligentiam alicui,

    id. Fam. 14, 3, 2:

    frequentiam et officium alicui honores petenti,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 50:

    obsequium,

    Sen. Q. N. 2, 59, 8:

    sedulitatem alicui rei,

    to apply, Plin. Ep. 3, 18, 6.—
    d.
    To give, offer, furnish, present, expose:

    alicui certam summam pecuniae,

    Suet. Dom. 9: cervicem, Sen. ap. Diom. p. 362 P.:

    caput fulminibus,

    to expose, Luc. 5, 770:

    Hiberus praestat nomen terris,

    id. 4, 23:

    anser praestat ex se pullos atque plumam,

    Col. 8, 13:

    cum senatui sententiam praestaret,

    gave his vote, Cic. Pis. 32, 80:

    terga hosti,

    to turn one's back to the enemy, to flee, Tac. Agr. 37:

    voluptatem perpetuam sapienti,

    to assume, Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 89.— Pass.:

    pueri, quibus id (biduum) praestabatur,

    was devoted, Quint. 1, prooem. § 7; cf.:

    corpus, cui omnia olim tamquam servo praestabantur, nunc tamquam domino parantur,

    Sen. Ep. 90, 19.—Hence, praestans, antis, P. a., pre-eminent, superior, excellent, distinguished, extraordinary.
    A.
    In gen. (class.).
    1.
    Of persons:

    omnibus praestans et ingenio et diligentiā,

    far surpassing all, Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 22:

    usu et sapientiā praestantes,

    noted for their experience and wisdom, Nep. Timoth. 3, 2.— Comp.:

    virginibus praestantior omnibus Herse,

    superior to all, Ov. M. 2, 724.— Sup.:

    in illis artibus praestantissimus,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 50, 217:

    praestantissimi studio atque doctrinā,

    id. Ac. 1, 4, 17.—With gen.:

    o praestans animi juvenis,

    distinguished for courage, Verg. A. 12, 19:

    belli,

    Sil. 5, 92:

    armorum,

    Stat. Th. 1, 605:

    praestantissimus sapientiae,

    Tac. A. 6, 6.— Poet., with objectclause:

    quo non praestantior alter Aere ciere viros,

    whom no other excelled in rousing the men, Verg. A. 6, 164.—
    2.
    Of things, pre-eminent, excellent, remarkable, extraordinary, distinguished:

    praestanti corpore Nymphae,

    Verg. A. 1, 71:

    praestanti corpore tauri,

    id. G. 4, 550:

    formā,

    id. A. 7, 483:

    naturā excellens atque praestans,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:

    qui a te tractatus est praestanti et singulari fide,

    id. Fam. 3, 10, 3:

    praestans prudentiā in omnibus,

    Nep. Alc. 5, 1; Cic. Tusc. 5, 13, 38:

    quid praestantius mihi potuit accidere?

    id. Vatin. 3, 8.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Efficacious:

    medicina,

    Plin. 13, 24, 47, § 130:

    usus praestantior,

    id. 18, 13, 34, § 126:

    calamus praestantior odore,

    id. 12, 22, 48, § 105:

    sucus sapore praestantissimus,

    id. 15, 1, 2, § 5:

    praestantissima auxilia,

    id. 27, 13, 120, § 146.—
    2.
    Sup.:

    Praestantissimus,

    a title of the later emperors, Nazar. 26; Tert. Cor. Mil. 1.— Hence, adv.: praestanter, excellently, admirably (post-Aug.); sup.:

    praestantissime,

    Plin. 28, 12, 50, § 186.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > praesto

  • 20 praestu

    1.
    praestō (old collat. form praestū, acc. to Curtius Valerianus in Cassiod. p. 2289 P.: qui praestu sunt, Inscr. Carina Via Appia, 1, p. 217. In later time as adj.: prae-stus, a, um:

    bonorum officio praestus fui,

    Inscr. Grut. 669, 4), adv. [dat. from praestus, a sup. form from prae, so that praesto esse alicui = to be or stand in the foremost place for or as respects one], at hand, ready, present, here; usually with esse (very freq. and class.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    ni tua propitia pax foret praesto,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 18: sed ubi est frater? Chaer. Praesto adest, Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 20; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 120; so Att. Tr. 498:

    quod adest praesto in primis placet,

    Lucr. 5, 1412; Lact. 3, 7, 10:

    sacrificiis omnibus praesto adesse,

    id. 2, 16, 10;

    more freq., praesto esse: ibi mihi praesto fuit L. Lucilius,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 5, 1:

    togulae lictoribus ad portam praesto fuerunt,

    id. Pis. 23, 55:

    tibi nulla fuit clementia praesto?

    hadst thou no compassion? Cat. 64, 137: praesto esse, to arrive, appear:

    hirundines aestivo tempore praesto sunt,

    Auct. Her. 4, 48, 61.—Without esse ( poet.):

    era, eccum praesto militem,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 1:

    ipsum adeo praesto video,

    Ter. And. 2, 5, 4; Stat. Th. 6, 643.—
    II.
    In partic: praesto esse or adire
    A.
    To be at hand, to attend or wait upon, to serve, aid:

    ero meo ut omnibus locis sine praesto,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 6, 26:

    jus civile didicit, praesto multis fuit,

    Cic. Mur. 9, 19:

    praesto esse clientem tuum?

    id. Att. 10, 8, 3:

    saluti tuae praesto esse, praesto esse virtutes ut ancillulas,

    id. Fin. 2, 21, 69; id. Fam. 4, 14, 4:

    ut ad omnia, quae tui velint, ita assim praesto, ut, etc.,

    id. ib. 4, 8, 1; id. Att. 4, 12, 1 fin.;

    also with videor,

    id. ib. 4, 12, 1 fin. —With adire:

    pauper erit praesto semper tibi, pauper adibit primus,

    will be at hand, at your service, Tib. 1, 5, 61.—
    B.
    With esse, to present one's self in a hostile manner, to resist, oppose:

    si quis mihi praesto fuerit cum armatis hominibus,

    Cic. Caecin. 30, 87:

    quaestores cum fascibus mihi praesto fuerunt,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 11.
    2.
    prae-sto, ĭti (post-class. also praestāvi), ātum or ĭtum, 1, v. n. and a.
    I.
    Neutr., to stand before or in front.
    A.
    Lit.:

    dum primae praestant acies,

    Luc. 4, 30.—
    B.
    Trop., to stand out, be superior, to distinguish one's self, to be excellent, distinguished, admirable; constr. alicui aliquā re, alicui rei, in aliquā re, or absol. (class.):

    cum virtute omnibus praestarent,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 3:

    quantum praestiterint nostri majores prudentiā ceteris gentibus,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 44, 192:

    quā re homines bestiis praestent,

    id. Inv. 1, 4, 5:

    hoc praestat amicitia propinquitati, quod, etc.,

    id. Lael. 5, 19:

    Zeuxin muliebri in corpore pingendo plurimum aliis praestare,

    id. Inv. 2, 1, 1:

    ceteris,

    id. Ac. 1, 4, 16:

    suos inter aequales longe praestitit,

    id. Brut. 64, 230:

    omnes homines, qui sese student praestare ceteris animalibus,

    Sall. C. 1, 1:

    praestare honestam mortem existimans turpi vitae,

    Nep. Chabr. 4, 3:

    quantum ceteris praestet Lucretia,

    Liv. 1, 57, 7:

    cernere, quantum eques Latinus Romano praestet,

    id. 8, 7, 7:

    quantum vel vir viro vel gens genti praestat!

    id. 31, 7, 8:

    genere militum praestare tironibus,

    id. 42, 52, 10:

    tantum Romana in bellis gloria ceteris praestat,

    Quint. 1, 10, 14:

    qui eloquentiā ceteris praestet,

    id. 2, 3, 5; 2, 16, 17; Curt. 8, 14, 13; Just. 18, 3, 14; 28, 2, 11; 44, 3, 9:

    sacro, quod praestat, peracto,

    Juv. 12, 86:

    probro atque petulantiā maxume praestabant,

    were pre-eminent, distinguished themselves, Sall. C. 37, 5:

    truculentiā caeli praestat Germania,

    Tac. A. 2, 24:

    cur alias aliis praestare videmus Pondere res rebus?

    Lucr. 1, 358.—
    2.
    Praestat, with a subjectclause, it is preferable or better:

    nimio impendiosum praestat te, quam ingratum dicier,

    it is much better, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 2, 12:

    mori milies praestitit, quam haec pati,

    it was better, Cic. Att. 14, 9, 2:

    praestare dicunt, Gallorum quam Romanorum imperia perferre,

    it is better, Caes. B. G. 1, 17:

    motos praestat componere fluctus,

    Verg. A. 1, 135; 3, 429; 6, 39.
    II.
    Act.
    A.
    To surpass, outstrip, exceed, [p. 1431] excel (not in Cic. or Cæs.; constr. usually aliquem aliquā re): qui primus in alterutrā re praestet alios, Varr. ap. Non. 502, 23; Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 10; 3, 1, 3:

    quantum Galli virtute ceteros mortales praestarent,

    Liv. 5, 36, 4:

    qui belli gloriā Gallos omnes Belgasque praestabant,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 6:

    praestate virtute peditem, ut honore atque ordine praestatis,

    Liv. 3, 61, 7:

    ut vetustate et gradu honoris nos praestent,

    id. 7, 30, 4; 34, 34, 14; 37, 30, 2:

    praestat ingenio alius alium,

    Quint. 1, 1, 3; Val. Max. 3, 2, 21; 3, 2, ext. 7;

    7, 2, 17: honore ceteros,

    Nep. Att. 18, 5; 3, 3; id. Reg. 3, 5:

    imperatores prudentiā,

    id. Hann. 1, 1:

    eloquentiā omnes eo tempore,

    id. Epam. 6, 1.—Only aliquem, Stat. Th. 4, 838.—
    B.
    To become surety for, to answer or vouch for, to warrant, be responsible for, to take upon one's self, etc. (class.):

    ut omnes ministros imperii tui rei publicae praestare videare,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 3:

    quem tamen ego praestare non poteram,

    id. Att. 6, 3, 5:

    quanto magis arduum est alios praestare quam se, tanto laudabilius,

    Plin. Pan. 83:

    communem incertumque casum neque vitare quisquam nostrum, nec praestare ullo pacto potest,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3: simus eā mente ut nihil in vitā nobis praestandum praeter culpam putemus, that we need only answer for guilt, i. e. keep ourselves clear of guilt, id. ib. 6, 1, 4:

    impetus populi praestare nemo potest,

    no one can be held to answer for the outbreaks of the people, id. de Or. 2, 28, 124:

    periculum judicii,

    id. Mur. 2, 3:

    damnum alicui,

    id. Off. 3, 16:

    invidiam,

    id. Sest. 28, 61:

    nihil,

    to be responsible for nothing, id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3; cf. in pass.:

    cum id, quod ab homine non potuerit praestari, evenerit,

    what none could vouch for that it would not happen, id. Tusc. 3, 16, 34. —With ab aliquā re:

    ego tibi a vi praestare nihil possum,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 4, 3.—With de:

    quod de te sperare, de me praestare possum,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 15, 2.—With an objectclause:

    quis potest praestare, semper sapientem beatum fore, cum, etc.?

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, 29; cf.:

    (praedones) nullos fore, quis praestare poterat?

    id. Fl. 12, 28:

    meliorem praesto magistro Discipulum,

    Juv. 14, 212.—With ut:

    illius lacrimae praestant ut veniam culpae non abnuat Osiris,

    Juv. 6, 539.—
    C.
    In gen., to fulfil, discharge, maintain, perform, execute:

    arbitramur nos ea praestitisse, quae ratio et doctrina praescripserit,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 3, 7:

    ultima exspectato, quae ego tibi et jucunda et honesta praestabo,

    id. Fam. 7, 17, 2:

    suum munus,

    id. de Or. 2, 9, 38:

    hospitii et amicitiae jus officiumque,

    id. Fam. 14, 4, 2:

    ne quem ejus paeniteret, praestiti,

    I took care, exerted myself, Liv. 30, 30; Ov. Tr. 5, 14, 19:

    quamcumque ei fidem dederis, ego praestabo,

    I will fulfil, keep the promise, Cic. Fam. 5, 11, 2:

    fidem alicui,

    Liv. 30, 15:

    pacem cum iis populus Romanus non ab se tantum, sed ab rege etiam Masinissa praestitit,

    maintained, id. 40, 34:

    tributa,

    to pay, Juv. 3, 188:

    annua,

    id. 6, 480:

    triplicem usuram,

    id. 9, 7.— Pass.:

    promissum id benignius est ab rege quam praestitum,

    Liv. 43, 18, 11:

    mea tibi tamen benevolentia fidesque praestabitur,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; so,

    quibus (victoribus) senatūs fides praestabitur,

    id. Phil. 14, 11, 30:

    virtus vetat spectare fortunam dum praestetur fides,

    id. Div. 2, 37, 79:

    ni praestaretur fides publica,

    Liv. 2, 28, 7.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To keep, preserve, maintain, retain:

    pueri, quibus videmur praestare rem publicam debuisse,

    Cic. Att. 10, 4, 5; Ov. M. 11, 748:

    omnes socios salvos praestare poteramus,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 18, 55:

    mors omnia praestat Vitalem praeter sensum calidumque vaporem,

    Lucr. 3, 214. —
    b.
    To show, exhibit, to prove, evince, manifest:

    Pomptinius praestat tibi memoriam benevolentiamque, quam debet,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 3:

    neque hercule in iis ipsis rebus eam voluntatem, quam exspectaram, praestiterunt,

    id. ib. 1, 9, 5:

    virtutem,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 27:

    benevolentiam,

    Cic. Att. 11, 1, 1:

    consilium suum fidemque,

    id. de Or. 3, 33, 134. —With se, to show, prove, or behave one's self as: praesta te eum, qui, etc., show thyself such, as, etc., Cic. Fam. 1, 6, 2:

    se incolumem,

    Lucr. 3, 220:

    se invictum,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 104:

    teque praesta constanter ad omne Indeclinatae munus amicitiae,

    show thyself constant, id. ib. 4, 5, 23:

    Victoria nunc quoque se praestet,

    show itself, id. ib. 2, 169: sed ne ad illam quidem artissimam innocentiae formulam praestare nos possumus, prove ourselves innocent even according to that rule, Sen. Ira, 2, 28, 1:

    juris periti consultatoribus se praestabant,

    showed themselves accessible, Dig. 1, 2, 2.— Poet.:

    vel magnum praestet Achillem,

    should show, prove, approve himself a great Achilles, Verg. A. 11, 438.—
    c.
    To show, exhibit, manifest:

    honorem debitum patri,

    Cic. Phil. 9, 5, 12:

    fratri pietatem,

    id. Brut. 33, 126:

    virtutem et diligentiam alicui,

    id. Fam. 14, 3, 2:

    frequentiam et officium alicui honores petenti,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 50:

    obsequium,

    Sen. Q. N. 2, 59, 8:

    sedulitatem alicui rei,

    to apply, Plin. Ep. 3, 18, 6.—
    d.
    To give, offer, furnish, present, expose:

    alicui certam summam pecuniae,

    Suet. Dom. 9: cervicem, Sen. ap. Diom. p. 362 P.:

    caput fulminibus,

    to expose, Luc. 5, 770:

    Hiberus praestat nomen terris,

    id. 4, 23:

    anser praestat ex se pullos atque plumam,

    Col. 8, 13:

    cum senatui sententiam praestaret,

    gave his vote, Cic. Pis. 32, 80:

    terga hosti,

    to turn one's back to the enemy, to flee, Tac. Agr. 37:

    voluptatem perpetuam sapienti,

    to assume, Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 89.— Pass.:

    pueri, quibus id (biduum) praestabatur,

    was devoted, Quint. 1, prooem. § 7; cf.:

    corpus, cui omnia olim tamquam servo praestabantur, nunc tamquam domino parantur,

    Sen. Ep. 90, 19.—Hence, praestans, antis, P. a., pre-eminent, superior, excellent, distinguished, extraordinary.
    A.
    In gen. (class.).
    1.
    Of persons:

    omnibus praestans et ingenio et diligentiā,

    far surpassing all, Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 22:

    usu et sapientiā praestantes,

    noted for their experience and wisdom, Nep. Timoth. 3, 2.— Comp.:

    virginibus praestantior omnibus Herse,

    superior to all, Ov. M. 2, 724.— Sup.:

    in illis artibus praestantissimus,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 50, 217:

    praestantissimi studio atque doctrinā,

    id. Ac. 1, 4, 17.—With gen.:

    o praestans animi juvenis,

    distinguished for courage, Verg. A. 12, 19:

    belli,

    Sil. 5, 92:

    armorum,

    Stat. Th. 1, 605:

    praestantissimus sapientiae,

    Tac. A. 6, 6.— Poet., with objectclause:

    quo non praestantior alter Aere ciere viros,

    whom no other excelled in rousing the men, Verg. A. 6, 164.—
    2.
    Of things, pre-eminent, excellent, remarkable, extraordinary, distinguished:

    praestanti corpore Nymphae,

    Verg. A. 1, 71:

    praestanti corpore tauri,

    id. G. 4, 550:

    formā,

    id. A. 7, 483:

    naturā excellens atque praestans,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:

    qui a te tractatus est praestanti et singulari fide,

    id. Fam. 3, 10, 3:

    praestans prudentiā in omnibus,

    Nep. Alc. 5, 1; Cic. Tusc. 5, 13, 38:

    quid praestantius mihi potuit accidere?

    id. Vatin. 3, 8.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Efficacious:

    medicina,

    Plin. 13, 24, 47, § 130:

    usus praestantior,

    id. 18, 13, 34, § 126:

    calamus praestantior odore,

    id. 12, 22, 48, § 105:

    sucus sapore praestantissimus,

    id. 15, 1, 2, § 5:

    praestantissima auxilia,

    id. 27, 13, 120, § 146.—
    2.
    Sup.:

    Praestantissimus,

    a title of the later emperors, Nazar. 26; Tert. Cor. Mil. 1.— Hence, adv.: praestanter, excellently, admirably (post-Aug.); sup.:

    praestantissime,

    Plin. 28, 12, 50, § 186.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > praestu

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