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in-constans

  • 1 cōnstāns

        cōnstāns antis, adj. with comp. and sup.    [P. of consto], firm, unchangeable, constant, immovable, uniform, steady, fixed, stable, invariable, regular, persistent: cursūs: constanti voltu, L.: aetas, mature: pax, uninterrupted, L.: fides, H.—Consistent, harmonious: oratio: nihil dici constantius: constans parum memoria huius anni, L.: haruspicum voce, unanimous: rumores.—Fig., trustworthy, sure, steadfast, constant, faithful, unchanging: amici: inimici, N.: omnium constantissimus: constantior In vitiis, H.
    * * *
    constantis (gen.), constantior -or -us, constantissimus -a -um ADJ
    constant, unchanging; steadfast, resolute; steady, stable; immovable; secure; consistent; standing firm; firm; persistent; mentally/morally settled/certain

    Latin-English dictionary > cōnstāns

  • 2 Constans

    1.
    constans, antis, Part. and P. a., from consto.
    2.
    Constans, antis, m., a Roman proper name, Aur. Vict. Epit. 41; Eutr. 10, 9.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Constans

  • 3 constans

    1.
    constans, antis, Part. and P. a., from consto.
    2.
    Constans, antis, m., a Roman proper name, Aur. Vict. Epit. 41; Eutr. 10, 9.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > constans

  • 4 constans

    steady, firm, unchanging, constant, unwavering.

    Latin-English dictionary of medieval > constans

  • 5 in-cōnstāns

        in-cōnstāns antis, adj.    with comp, changeable, fickle, capricious, inconsistent: ridicule: quid inconstantius Deo?: litterae.

    Latin-English dictionary > in-cōnstāns

  • 6 Ducula constans

    ENG Kimberley imperial-pigeon

    Animal Names Latin to English > Ducula constans

  • 7 consto

    con-sto, stĭti, stātum (constātūrus, Sen. Clem. 1, 19, 3; Plin. 18, 5, 6, § 30; Luc. 2, 17; Mart. 10, 41, 5; Lact. Opif. Dei, 7, 11), 1, v. n.
    I.
    To stand together, stand with some person or thing.
    A.
    Lit. (very rare):

    constant, conserunt sermones inter se drapetae,

    Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 11.—
    B.
    Trop., to stand with, to agree with, be in accord or agreement, to correspond, fit.
    1.
    With cum and abl. (cf. consisto, II. B. 3.):

    considerabit, constetne oratio aut cum re aut ipsa secum,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 14, 45:

    sententiā non constare cum superioribus et inferioribus sententiis, etc.,

    Auct. Her. 2, 10, 14.—
    2.
    Absol.:

    veri similis narratio erit, si spatia temporum, personarum dignitates, consiliorum rationes, locorum opportunitates constabunt,

    Auct. Her. 1, 9, 16.—
    3.
    With dat.:

    si humanitati tuae constare voles,

    Cic. Att. 1, 11, 1.—And esp. with sibi, to agree, accord with itself, to remain like one's self, be consistent:

    in Oppianico sibi constare et superioribus consentire judiciis debuerunt,

    Cic. Clu. 22, 60; so,

    with consentire,

    id. Univ. 3 init.; id. Fin. 2, 11, 35:

    ut constare in vitae perpetuitate possimus nobismetipsis nec in ullo officio claudicare,

    id. Off. 1, 33, 119; so,

    sibi (opp. titubare),

    Quint. 5, 7, 11:

    sibi et rei judicatae,

    Cic. Clu. 38, 106:

    sibi,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 16; id. A. P. 127; cf.:

    constat idem omnibus sermo,

    Liv. 9, 2, 3.—
    4.
    In the phrase ratio constat, mercantile t. t., the account agrees or is correct, is or proves right:

    auri ratio constat: aurum in aerario est,

    Cic. Fl. 28, 69:

    quibus ratio impensarum constaret,

    was correct, accurately kept, Suet. Ner. 30.—
    (β).
    In postAug. prose, esp. in the younger Pliny, transf. from the sphere of business:

    mirum est, quam singulis diebus in urbe ratio aut constet aut constare videatur,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 1; cf. id. ib. 1, 5, 16; 3, 18, 10; 2, 4, 4; 7, 6, 4; id. Pan. 38, 4; Just. praef. § 5: eam condicionem esse imperandi, ut non aliter ratio [p. 439] constet, quam si uni reddatur, Tac. A. 1, 6 fin. —
    II.
    With the access. idea of firmness, to stand firm, to remain immovable, unchanging, steadfast, to abide, last, endure, persevere, etc. (very freq. in all perr. and styles).
    A.
    In gen.:

    prius quam totis viribus fulta constaret hostium acies,

    Liv. 3, 60, 9; cf.:

    nec pugna deinde illis constare,

    id. 1, 30, 10:

    ut non color, non vultus ei constaret,

    id. 39, 34, 7; cf.:

    valetudo ei neque corporis neque animi constitit,

    Suet. Calig. 50; and:

    dum sanitas constabit,

    Phaedr. 4, 24, 30:

    non mentibus solum consipere, sed ne auribus quidem atque oculis satis constare poterant,

    Liv. 5, 42, 3; cf.:

    in ebrietate lingua non constat,

    Sen. Ep. 83, 27:

    mente vix constare,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 39; cf. Liv. 8, 19, 6; 44, 20, 7:

    quā in sententia si constare voluissent,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 14; cf. Caes. B. G. 5, 36 fin.:

    numerus legionum constat,

    id. ib. 7, 35:

    ceteris exercitibus constare fidem,

    Tac. H. 2, 96:

    utrimque fides constitit,

    kept their word, Liv. 37, 32, 13; 2, 13, 9.— Poet.: cum sint huc forsitan illa, Haec translata illuc;

    summā tamen omnia constant,

    i. e. the principal sum remains always the same, Ov. M. 15, 258:

    postquam cuncta videt caelo constare sereno,

    every thing continues in unbroken serenity, Verg. A. 3, 518:

    constitit in nullā qui fuit ante color,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 120.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Milit. t. t., to stop, halt: multitudinem procul hostium constare videtur, Sisenn. ap. Non. p. 273, 4.—
    2.
    Of facts, reports, etc., to be established, settled, certain, manifest, evident, well known:

    quae cum constent, perspicuum debet esse, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:

    eorum quae constant exempla ponemus, horum quae dubia sunt, exempla adferemus, id. mv 1, 38, 68: quod nihil nobis constat,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 5:

    cum et factum constet et nomen, qualia sint vocatur in dubium,

    Cic. Part. Or. 12, 42; cf.:

    cum factum constat, sed a quo sit factum in controversiam venit,

    Quint. 7, 2, 8; and impers., with acc. and inf.:

    mihi multa agitanti constabat, paucorum civium egregiam virtutem cuncta patravisse,

    Sall. C. 53, 4; cf.:

    quod omnibus constabat, hiemari in Gallia oportere,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 29 fin., and Cic. Clu. 13, 38.—
    b.
    Constat (constabat, constabit, etc., it is settled, established, undisputed, certain, well known, etc.), Cic. Mil. 6, 14; id. Quint. 29, 89; Caes. B. G. 3, 6; 3, 9 al.; Ov. M. 7, 533; Quint. 4, 2, 90 et saep.—So freq.: constat inter omnes, with acc. and inf., all agree, all are convinced:

    sed tum nimis inter omnis constabat neminem esse resalutatum,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 41, 106:

    quae propositio in se quiddam continet perspicuum et quod constare inter omnis necesse est, hanc velle approbare et firmare nihil attinet,

    in which all must agree, id. Inv. 1, 36, 62 dub. (B. and K. stare); Caes. B. G. 7, 44; Nep. Alcib. 1, 1; Quint. 6, 1, 8 et saep.; cf.

    also: constare inter homines sapientissimos (for which, just after: omnium consensu sic esse judicatum),

    Cic. de Or. 3, 1, 3:

    inter suos,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 47:

    inter augures, Liv 10, 6, 7 et saep.: cum de Magio constet,

    Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3; cf.:

    de facto constat,

    Quint. 7, 2, 7; so with de, id. 7, 2, 11; 4, 2, 5:

    etsi non satis mihi constiterat, cum aliquāne animi mei molestiā an potius, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 1, 1:

    nec satis certum constare apud animum poterat, utrum, etc.,

    Liv. 30, 28, 1:

    quid cuique sit opus constare decet,

    Quint. 3, 9, 8; so id. 3, 8, 25:

    quid porro quaerendum est? Factumne sit? At constat. A quo? At patet,

    Cic. Mil. 6, 15; so absol., id. Verr. 2, 3, 21, § 54.—
    3.
    Of a resolve.
    (α).
    Impers.: mihi (ei) constat, = certum est, it is my ( his) fixed determination, I am determined, I am fully resolved (rare): mihi quidem constat, nec meam contumeliam, nec meorum ferre, Anton. ap. Cic. Phil. 13, 19, 42:

    neque satis Bruto neque tribunis militum constabat, quid agerent,

    were undecided, Caes. B. G. 3, 14:

    ut nihil ei constet quod agat,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 35.—
    (β).
    With the resolve as subject:

    animo constat sententia,

    Verg. A. 5, 748:

    cum constitit consilium,

    when my mind was fully made up, Cic. Att. 8, 11, 1.—
    4.
    In gen., as opp. to that which has no existence, to exist, be, abide (esp. in Lucr.):

    (corpora) quoniam fragili naturā praedita constant,

    Lucr. 1, 582; 1, 246; 1, 510 et saep.:

    antiquissimi fere sunt, quorum quidem scripta constent,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 22, 93; id. Verr. 2, 2, 76, § 187: qui sine manibus et pedibus constare deum posse decreverunt, id. N. D. 1, 33, 92:

    si ipsa mens constare potest vacans corpore,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 25.—
    5.
    With ex, in, de, or the abl. (in Cic. only with ex; cf. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 4, 8, 19), to consist in or of, to be composed of, to rest upon something, etc.
    (α).
    With ex (very freq. in prose and poetry):

    fulminis ignem e parvis constare figuris,

    Lucr. 2, 385:

    homo ex animo constat et corpore,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 98;

    id. Fin. l. l.: simplex (jus) e dulci constat olivo,

    Hor. S. 2, 4, 64:

    ea virtus, quae constat ex hominibus tuendis,

    Cic. Off. 1, 44, 157 et saep.—
    (β).
    With in and abl. (very rare):

    victoriam in earum cohortium virtute constare,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 89 fin.; Nep. Att. 14 fin. —
    * (γ).
    With de:

    partus duplici de semine,

    Lucr. 4, 1229.—
    (δ).
    With abl. (freq. in Lucr. and Quint.):

    aeterno quia constant semine quaeque,

    Lucr. 1, 221; 1, 484; 1, 518 et saep.:

    agri campis, vineis, etc.,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 19, 5:

    constat tota oratio longioribus membris, brevioribus periodis,

    Quint. 9, 4, 134; 5, 10, 63 et saep.:

    causa constat aut unius rei controversiā aut plurium,

    id. 3, 10, 1. omnis disciplina memoriā, id. 11, 2, 1. omne jus aut scripto aut moribus, id. 12, 3, 6 et saep.—
    6.
    Mercantile t. t., like our phrase, to stand at, i. e. to cost; constr. with abl.. gen., etc., of price (cf. Zumpt, Gr. § 444).
    a.
    Lit.
    (α).
    With abl.:

    ut unae quadrigae Romae constiterint quadringentis milibus,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 14; Suet. Vit. 19:

    filius auro,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 57:

    navis gratis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 48 (al. stare):

    HS. sex milibus tibi constant,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 12, §

    28: tanto nobis deliciae,

    Plin. 12, 18, 41, § 84:

    magno tibi,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 6, 4:

    parvo,

    Pall. Febr. 9, 12; cf.

    gratis,

    Sen. Ep. 104, 34; Aug. Serm. 385, 6.—
    (β).
    With gen.:

    (ambulatiuncula) prope dimidio minoris constabit isto loco,

    Cic. Att. 13, 29, 2; Suet. Ner. 27 fin.:

    quanti funus,

    id. Vesp. 19; Juv. 7, 45.—
    (γ).
    With adv.: quod mihi constat carius, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 272, 25; so,

    vilissime,

    Col. 9, 1. 6.—
    (δ).
    With sup.:

    cujus area super HS. millies constitit,

    Suet. Caes. 26.—
    b.
    Trop.:

    edocet, quanto detrimento et quot virorum fortium morte necesse sit constare victoriam,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 19:

    odia constantia magno,

    Ov. H. 7, 47:

    imperia pretio quolibet constant bene,

    Sen. Phoen. 664.—Hence, constans, antis, P. a. (acc. to II. 1.), standing firm, firm, unchangeable, constant, immovable, uniform, fixed, stable, invariable (freq. and class.).
    A.
    Lit.:

    mellis constantior est natura (sc. quam aquae),

    Lucr. 3, 192:

    constans uva contra tenorem unum algoris aestusve,

    Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 27:

    cujus in indomito constantior inguine nervus, Quam nova arbor, etc.,

    Hor. Epod. 12, 19:

    cursus certi et constantes,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 9, 24; cf.:

    constans reversio stellarum (with conveniens),

    id. ib. 2, 21, 54:

    constantissimus motus lunae,

    id. Div. 2, 6, 17:

    nihil (mundo) motu constantius,

    id. N. D. 3, 9, 23; 2, 21, 54:

    constanti vultu graduque,

    Liv. 5, 46, 3: aetas, the mature age (of an adult), Cic. Sen. 10, 33; cf.:

    constans aetas, quae media dicitur,

    id. ib. 20, 76:

    aetate nondum constanti,

    Suet. Galb. 4:

    pax,

    firm, secure, Liv. 6, 25, 6:

    fides,

    Hor. C. 3, 7, 4:

    an ire comminus et certare pro Italiā constantius foret,

    safer, Tac. H. 3, 1. —
    b.
    Agreeing or accordant with itself, consistent, harmonious:

    quemadmodum in oratione constanti, sic in vitā omnia sint apta inter se et convenientia,

    Cic. Off. 1, 40, 144:

    nihil intellego dici potuisse constantius,

    id. Tusc. 5, 9, 25; cf.:

    incredibilia an inter se constantia,

    Quint. 5, 4, 2:

    rumores,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 9, 1:

    constans parum memoria hujus anni,

    Liv. 10, 37, 13:

    constans fama erat,

    Suet. Caes. 6; so,

    opinio,

    id. Tib. 39; id. Vesp. 4 al.—
    B.
    Trop., intellectually or morally certain, sure, steadfast, constant, faithful, steady, unchanging:

    firmi et stabiles et constantes amici,

    Cic. Lael. 17, 62; cf. Nep. Lys. 2, 2:

    quem hominem? Levem? imo gravissimum. Mobilem? imo constantissimum,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 16, 49; cf. opp. varium, id. Fragm. ap. Quint. 6, 3, 48 Spald.:

    pater amens at is quidem fuit omnium constantissimus,

    a very constant, steadfast man, Cic. Rosc. Am. 14, 41; cf.:

    prudens et constans (testis),

    Quint. 5, 7, 26; and under adv.:

    (Helvidius Priscus) recti pervicax, constans adversus metus,

    Tac. H. 4, 5 fin.:

    constans Fortuna tantum in levitate suā,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 8, 18; cf.: neque fidei constans, neque strenuus in perfidiā, Tac. H. 3, 57:

    constantior In vitiis, etc.,

    Hor. S. 2, 7, 18.— Adv.: constanter.
    1.
    (Acc. to A.) Firmly, immovably, steadily, constantly:

    manere in suo statu,

    Cic. Univ. 13: constanter ac perpetuo placet consilium, Brut. ap. Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 16, 9:

    vitiis gaudere constanter,

    Hor. S. 2, 7, 6.— Comp.:

    ut maneamus in perspicuis firmius et constantius,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 14, 45.— Sup.:

    impetus caeli constantissime conficiens vicissitudinis anniversarias,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 38, 97.—
    b.
    Harmoniously, evenly, uniformly, consistently:

    constanter et aequaliter ingrediens oratio,

    Cic. Or. 58, 198:

    sibi constanter convenienterque dicere,

    id. Tusc. 5, 9, 26; cf. id. ib. 5, 9, 24; in comp., id. ib. 5, 9, 25; in sup., id. ib. 5, 8, 23; id. Ac. 2, 3, 9; so,

    hi constanter omnes nuntiaverunt,

    with one voice, unanimously, Caes. B. G. 2, 2:

    aequabilius atque constantius sese res humanae haberent,

    Sall. C. 2, 3:

    aequabilius atque constantius regere provincias,

    Tac. A. 15, 21 fin. —
    2.
    (Acc. to B.) Steadily, calmly, tranquilly, sedately:

    constanter ac non trepide pugnare,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 25; cf.

    agere, Auct. B. Afr. 84: proelium inire,

    Suet. Vesp. 4; id. Tib. 19:

    constanter et sedate ferre dolorem,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 20, 46:

    constanter et libere se gerere,

    id. Att. 4, 16, 9:

    constanter prudenterque fit,

    id. Tusc. 4, 6, 12:

    constanter delata beneficia (with judicio, considerate, and opp. repentino quodam impetu),

    id. Off. 1, 15, 49.— Comp.:

    cetera exsequi,

    Suet. Aug. 10:

    acrius quam constantius proelium inire,

    Curt. 4, 6, 14.— Sup.:

    amicitias retinere,

    Suet. Aug. 66; id. Tib. 45 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > consto

  • 8 firmus

    firmus, a, um, adj. [Sanscr. dhar-, dharā-mi, hold, support; Gr. thra-, thrê-sasthai, to sit down, thrênus, thronos; cf.: frētus, frēnum], firm (in opp. to frail, destructible), steadfast, stable, strong, powerful (freq. and class.; esp. in the trop. sense; syn.: constans, stabilis, solidus).
    I.
    Lit.:

    nos fragili vastum ligno sulcavimus aequor: Quae tulit Aesoniden, firma carina fuit,

    Ov. P. 1, 4, 35:

    robora,

    Verg. A. 2, 481:

    arbor,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 652:

    vincula,

    id. F. 1, 370:

    janua,

    i. e. shut fast, id. Am. 2, 12, 3; cf.

    sera,

    id. P. 1, 2, 24:

    solum,

    Curt. 5, 1:

    firmioris testae murices,

    Plin. 9, 33, 52, § 102: sunt et Amineae vites, firmissima vina. Verg. G. 2, 97:

    firmo cibo pasta pecus,

    strengthening, Varr. R. R. 2, 11, 2:

    firmius est triticum quam milium: id ipsum quam hordeum: ex tritico firmissima siligo,

    Cels. 2, 18:

    effice ut valeas, et ut ad nos firmus ac valens quam primum venias,

    Cic. Fam. 16, 8, 1 and 2; cf.:

    mihi placebat, si firmior esses, etc.,

    id. ib. 16, 5, 1:

    nondum satis firmo corpore,

    id. ib. 11, 27, 1:

    hinc remiges firmissimi, illinc inopia affectissimi,

    Vell. 2, 84, 2.—With dat.:

    area firma templis sustinendis,

    Liv. 2, 5, 4:

    testa in structura oneri ferendo firma,

    Vitr. 2, 8, 19:

    adversis,

    Tac. Agr. 35 fin.
    II.
    Trop., firm in strength or durability, also in opinion, affection, etc., fast, constant, steadfast, immovable, powerful, strong, true, faithful:

    quae enim domus tam stabilis, quae tam firma civitas est, quae non odiis et discidiis funditus possit everti?

    Cic. Lael. 7, 23:

    res publica firma atque robusta,

    id. Rep. 2, 1 fin.; cf.:

    civitas imprimis firma,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 54, 2:

    Trinobantes prope firmissima earum regionum civitas,

    id. ib. 5, 20, 1; cf.

    also: Mutina firmissima et splendidissima colonia,

    Cic. Phil. 5, 9, 24:

    tres potentissimi ac firmissimi populi,

    id. ib. 1, 3 fin.; and:

    evocatorum firma manus,

    id. Fam. 15, 4, 3: Antonius ab equitatu firmus esse dicebatur, strong in cavalry, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 2.— With ad and acc.: satis firmus ad castra facienda, Pomp. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12, A, 1:

    Chrysippi consolatio ad veritatem firmissima est,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 33, 79:

    exercitus satis firmus ad tantum bellum,

    Liv. 23, 25, 6; cf.:

    cohortes minime firmae ad dimicandum,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 60, 2; Sall. H. 4, 62, 16.— With contra: Jugurtha nihil satis firmum contra Metellum putat, Sall. J. 80, 1.—With adversus:

    firmus adversus militarem largitionem,

    Tac. H. 2, 82:

    firmior adversus fortuita,

    id. ib. 4, 51:

    adversus convicia malosque rumores,

    Suet. Tib. 28.— Absol.:

    cum neque magnas copias neque firmas haberet,

    Nep. Eum. 3, 3; Caes. B. G. 1, 3, 8; Sall. J. 56, 2:

    concordi populo nihil esse immutabilius, nihil firmius,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 32:

    praesidia firmissima,

    id. Fin. 1, 10, 35:

    fundamenta defensionis firmissima,

    id. Cael. 2, 7:

    firmior fortuna,

    id. Rep. 1, 17:

    constitutio Romuli,

    id. ib. 2, 31 (ap. Non. 526, 10):

    illud ratum, firmum, fixum fuisse vis,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 46, 141:

    officii praecepta firma, stabilia,

    id. Off. 1, 2, 6; cf.:

    opinio, firma et stabilis,

    id. Brut. 30, 114:

    firma et constans assensio,

    id. Ac. 1, 11, 42:

    ne in maximis quidem rebus quicquam adhuc inveni firmius,

    id. Or. 71, 237:

    spem firmissimam habere,

    id. Fam. 6, 5, 4; cf.

    , transf.: firmior candidatus,

    i. e. who has stronger, greater hopes of being elected, id. Att. 1, 1, 2:

    litterae,

    i. e. containing news that may be relied upon, id. ib. 7, 25; cf. id. ib. 16, 5:

    senatum sua sponte bene firmum firmiorem vestra auctoritate fecistis,

    id. Phil. 6, 7, 18; cf.:

    vir in suscepta causa firmissimus,

    id. Mil. 33, 91:

    accusator firmus verusque,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 9, 29;

    with this cf.: vir pro veritate firmissimus,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 19:

    sunt fortasse in sententia firmiores,

    id. Balb. 27, 61:

    firmus in hoc,

    Tib. 3, 2, 5:

    non firmus rectum defendis et haeres,

    Hor. S. 2, 7, 26:

    firmus proposito,

    Vell. 2, 63 fin.; so,

    firmissimus irā,

    Ov. M. 7, 457: firmo id constantique animo facias licet, Cic. Fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 2:

    nunc opus pectore firmo,

    Verg. A. 6, 261:

    firmi amici sunt (opp.: amici collabascunt),

    Plaut. Stich. 4, 1, 16:

    firmi et stabiles et constantes (amici),

    Cic. Lael. 17, 62:

    ex infidelissimis sociis firmissimos reddere,

    id. Fam. 15, 4, 14:

    non brevis et suffragatoria, sed firma et perpetua amicitia,

    Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 7, 26:

    firmissimae amicitiae,

    Quint. 1, 2, 20:

    fides firma nobis,

    Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 6.—
    * (β).
    Poet. with inf.:

    fundus nec vendibilis nec pascere firmus,

    able, capable, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 47. —Hence, adv., firmly, steadily, lastingly, powerfully; in two (equally common) forms: firme and firmĭter.
    (α).
    Form firme, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 24; id. Trin. 2, 2, 54:

    insistere,

    Suet. Calig. 26:

    firme graviterque aliquid comprehendere,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 21, 71; cf.:

    satis firme aliquid concipere animo,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 6:

    continere multa,

    Quint. 11, 2, 2:

    sustinere assensus suos,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 9, 31:

    graviter et firme respondere,

    Plin. Ep. 6, 13, 3.—
    (β).
    Form firmiter: firmiter hoc tuo sit pectore fixum, Lucil. ap. Non. 512, 20:

    nisi suffulcis firmiter,

    Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 77:

    insistere,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 26, 1:

    in suo gradu collocari,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 45 fin.: stabilita matrimonia, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 512, 23 (Rep. 6, 2 ed. Mos.):

    promisisse,

    Plaut. Ps. 3, 2 111:

    meminisse,

    Gell. 13, 8, 2.—
    b.
    Comp.:

    firmius durare,

    Plin. 35, 12, 46, § 165:

    firmius coire,

    Ov. H. 19, 67.—
    c.
    Sup.:

    asseverare,

    Cic. Att. 10, 14 fin.:

    pulvinus quam firmissime statuatur,

    Vitr. 5, 12.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > firmus

  • 9 stabilis

    stăbĭlis, e, adj. [sto, prop. where one can stand; hence, pregn.], that stands firm; firm, steadfast, steady, stable (class.; esp. in the trop. sense; syn.: firmus, constans).
    I.
    Lit.:

    via plana et stabilis (opp. praeceps et lubrica),

    Cic. Fl. 42, 105:

    locus ad insistendum,

    Liv. 44, 5, 10:

    solum,

    id. 44, 9, 7:

    stabulum,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 56:

    domus,

    id. Merc. 3, 4, 68:

    medio sedet insula ponto,

    Ov. F. 4, 303:

    per stabilem ratem tamquam viam,

    Liv. 21, 28, 8:

    elephanti pondere ipso stabiles,

    id. 21, 28, 12:

    stabilior Romanus erat,

    was more firm, stood his ground better, id. 44, 35, 19; cf.:

    stabili gradu impetum hostium excipere,

    id. 6, 12, 8; Tac. H. 2, 35; cf.:

    Romani stabili pugnae assueti,

    Liv. 28, 2, 7:

    pugna,

    id. 31, 35, 6:

    acies,

    id. 30, 11, 9:

    proelium,

    Tac. A. 2, 21:

    quae domus tam stabilis, quae tam firma civitas est, quae? etc.,

    Cic. Lael. 7, 23:

    stabilis pulsus,

    a steady pulse, Plin. 11, 37, 89, § 219:

    venae aquarum,

    steadily flowing, id. 30, 3, 28, § 48.—
    II.
    Trop., firm, enduring, durable, stable; immutable, unwavering; steadfast, intrepid (syn.:

    firmus, constans, certus): fundamentum,

    Lucr. 5, 1121:

    amici firmi et stabiles et constantes,

    Cic. Lael. 17, 62:

    stabilem se in amicitiā praestare,

    id. ib. 17, 64:

    stabile et fixum et permanens bonum,

    id. Tusc. 5, 14, 40:

    decretum stabile, fixum, ratum,

    id. Ac. 2, 9, 27:

    stabilis certaque sententia (opp. errans et vaga),

    id. N. D. 2, 1, 2: urbs sedem stabilem non habebit, id. Marcell. 9, 29:

    matrimonium stabile et certum,

    id. Phil. 2, 18, 44:

    stabilis et certa possessio,

    id. Lael. 15, 55:

    praecepta firma, stabilia,

    id. Off. 1, 2, 6:

    opinio,

    id. N. D. 2, 2, 5:

    oratio stabilis ac non mutata,

    id. Mil. 34, 92:

    nihil est tam ad diuturnitatem memoriae stabile quam, etc.,

    id. de Or. 1, 28, 129:

    animus stabilis amicis,

    id. Inv. 1, 30, 47:

    virtus, Quae maneat stabili cum fugit illa (Fortuna) pede,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 14, 30.—Of springs:

    aquae certae, stabilesque et salubres,

    unfailing, perennial, Plin. 31, 3, 28, § 48: eam (summam voluptatem) tum adesse, cum dolor omnis absit: eam stabilem appellas (opp. in motu), i. e. a fixed state or condition, Cic. Fin. 2, 23, 75.—Of feet, syllables, etc., in verse:

    spondei,

    Hor. A. P. 256; so,

    pedes, dochmius, syllabae, etc.,

    Quint. 9, 4, 97 sq.: stabilia probant, i. e. consisting of such feet, etc., id. 9, 4, 116.— Comp.:

    imperium stabilius,

    Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 41.— Sup.: quaestus stabilissimus, Cato, R. R. praef. fin. —
    * b.
    Stabile est, with subject - clause, like certum est, it is settled, it is decided:

    profecto stabile'st, me patri aurum reddere,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 4, 25.—Hence, adv.: stăbĭlĭter (acc. to I.), firmly, durably, permanently (very rare):

    includatur tympanum,

    Vitr. 10, 14.— Comp.:

    fundare molem,

    Suet. Claud. 20.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > stabilis

  • 10 cōnstanter

        cōnstanter adv. with comp. and sup.    [constans], firmly, immovably, steadily, constantly, resolutely. in susceptā causā permanere: vitiis gaudere, H.: ab hostibus pugnari, Cs.: manere in perspicuis constantius: cursūs constantissime servare. — Harmoniously, evenly, uniformly, consistently: sibi constanter convenienterque dicere: non constantissime dici: constanter omues nuntiaverunt manūs cogi, unanimously, Cs. — With self-possession, steadily, calmly, tranquilly, sedately: ferre dolorem: constanter fit.
    * * *
    constantius, constantissime ADV
    firmly, immovably; steadily, constantly, without change; resolutely; loyally; evenly, uniformly, regularly; calmly; continually, persistently; consistently

    Latin-English dictionary > cōnstanter

  • 11 cōnstantia

        cōnstantia ae, f    [constans], steadiness, firmness, constancy, perseverance: dictorum: vocis atque voltūs, N.: quantum haberet in se boni constantia, discipline, Cs.: Nec semel offensae cedet constantia formae, H.—Fig., agreement, harmony, symmetry, consistency: dictorum atque factorum: ea constantiae causā defendere, for consistency's sake: promissi, adherence to.—Firmness, steadfastness, constancy, self-possession: vestra: eorum: hinc constantia, illinc furor: firmamentum constantiae est fides: animi, O.—In the Stoic philos., self-possession, placidity: sunt tres constantiae.
    * * *
    perseverance; harmony; steadfastness, persistence; firmness; courage; loyalty; steadiness, regularity, consistency; constancy; resistance to change

    Latin-English dictionary > cōnstantia

  • 12 dīstinctus

        dīstinctus adj. with comp.    [P. of distinguo], separated, separate, distinct: genera delictorum: acies distinctior, ex pluribus partibus constans, L.: concentus ex distinctis sonis. — Decorated, adorned, studded, impressive: pocula gemmis: herbae floribus, O.: oratio expolitione: in utroque genere Cato, eminent.
    * * *
    distincta, distinctum ADJ
    separate, distinct; definite, lucid

    Latin-English dictionary > dīstinctus

  • 13 fāma

        fāma ae, f    [1 FA-], a report, rumor, saying, talk, tradition: hac famā inpulsus, T.: a Brundisio nulla fama venerat: tristis a Mutinā: fama ac nuntius adferretur, Cs.: alqd famā accipere, to hear of, Cs.: fama est obscurior annis, V.: vaga, O.: ut fama est, V.: vetus est ut fama, H.: ita fama ferebat, O.: duplex inde fama est, a twofold tradition, L.: Romae constans fama omnium erat, esse, etc., L.: fama incerta duos equites venisse, a vague rumor, L.: fama occupat aurīs, Helenum regnare, V.: de interitu Clodi: istius suspicionis: incerta aeris alieni, L.—Person., Rumor: Fama, malum quā non aliud velocius ullum, V.: Fama tenet domum, etc., O.— Public opinion, the popular voice, fame, repute, reputation: id si non fama adprobat, T.: adversus famam rumoresque hominum, L.: contra famam omnium, Cs.: turpis, infamy, S.: mala, S.: popularis, favor: pudica, Pr.: bona bonorum: bene loquendi: vappae ac nebulonis, H.— Fair fame, reputation, renown, fame, good repute: Tua fama in dubium veniet, T.: fundamentum est famae iustitia: famae consulere, S.: ingeni: populi R., L.: fortunā, famā superiores: fama decus Divitiis parent, H.: magnam famam attulisse Fabio, glory, L.— Ill-fame, blame, reproach, scandal: famam in se transtulit, T.: me fama atque invidia vexabat, S.: veterum malorum, V.: neque famam patieris inultae, the disgrace of remaining unavenged, V.
    * * *
    rumor; reputation; tradition; fame, public opinion, ill repute; report, news

    Latin-English dictionary > fāma

  • 14 quandō

        quandō adv.    and conj.    I. Adv, at what time? when?: Do. venit Chaerea. Ph. quando? Do. hodie, T.: quando es persecutus?: O rus, quando ego te aspiciam? quandoque licebit? etc., H.: non intellegitur, quando obrepat senectus: Quaeres, quando iterum paveas, H.—Indef., after ne, num, or si, at what time soever, at any time, ever, some time, some day: mihi mea ne quando obsint providere: num quando vides? etc.: quaestio, num quando amici novi veteribus sint anteponendi: quod si quando accidit: si quando umquam meminerint, etc., L.—    II. Conj., of time, when, at the time that: tum, quando legatos Tyrum misimus: Putet aper, mala copia quando sollicitat stomachum, H.: adflata est numine quando (Sibylla), V.—Of cause, since then, because then, since, as, seeing that, inasmuch as: quando hoc bene successit, T.: Duc me ad eam, quando huc veni, T.: quando igitur virtus est adfectio animi constans: nunc, quando per illam (Fortunam) licet, S.: quando iniussu populi facta est, L.: quando pauperiem horres, H.
    * * *
    I
    when (interog), at what time; at any time (indef adv)
    II
    when, since, because

    Latin-English dictionary > quandō

  • 15 abunde

    ăbundē, adv. [as if from an obs. abundis, e], in great profusion or abundance, abundantly, exceedingly, very; constr.,
    A.
    With verbs: perfuse atque abunde usi magnum pondus auri, Sisenn. ap. Non. 516, 31:

    abunde satis facere quaestioni,

    Cic. Div. 2, 1, 3:

    quibus mala abunde omnia erant,

    Sall. C. 21;

    so with esse (like satis, frustra, bene est, etc.),

    id. ib. 58, 9; id. J. 63, 2; cf.:

    mihi abunde est, si satis expressi, etc.,

    I am more than satisfied, Plin. Ep. 4, 30 fin.; so,

    abunde est, si,

    id. ib. 7, 2 fin.; cf.:

    cum sit satis abundeque, si, etc.,

    id. Pan. 44, 7; and: abunde est, with a subject-clause:

    hoc dixisse abunde est,

    Col. 4, 19, 1; so id. 5, 3, 9; Cels. 1, 3; Plin. Ep. 5, 8, 7 al.:

    sufficere,

    Liv. 4, 22, 3:

    contingere,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 10:

    cavere,

    Ov. M. 15, 759:

    persequi aliquid,

    Vell. 2, 103, 3:

    abunde agnoscere,

    id. 2, 116, 3:

    mirari,

    id. 1, 16, 2; 2, 116, 3 al.—
    B.
    With adj.:

    abunde magna,

    Sall. J. 14, 18:

    abunde pollens potensque,

    id. ib. 1, 3:

    par,

    Liv. 8, 29, 4:

    constans,

    Curt. 6, 17, 13:

    pulchrum atque magnificum, Plin. H. N. praef. § 15: abunde similes,

    Quint. 10, 1, 25:

    disertus,

    id. 11, 1, 36:

    elatus spiritus,

    id. 10, 1, 104 al. —
    C.
    With adv.:

    abunde satis est,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 59; so Quint. 12, 11, 19:

    abunde dixit bene,

    id. 12, 9, 7.—
    D.
    With gen. (like satis, affatim, etc.; cf.

    Rudd. II. p. 317): terrorum et fraudis abunde est,

    Verg. A. 7, 552:

    potentiae gloriaeque,

    Suet. Caes. 86: honorum, Front. ap. Charis. p. 177 P.:

    quibus abunde et ingenii et otii et verborum est,

    Gell. 6, 8, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > abunde

  • 16 adfectio

    affectĭo ( adf-), ōnis, f. [adficio].
    I.
    The relation to or disposition toward a thing produced in a person by some influence (in this and the two foll. signif. almost peculiar to the philos. lang. of Cic.): comparantur ea, quae aut majora aut minora aut paria dicuntur;

    in quibus spectantur haec: numerus, species, vis, quaedam etiam ad res aliquas adfectio,

    relation, Cic. Top. 18, 68, and § 70; cf. id. ib. 2, 7.—
    II.
    A.. A change in the state or condition of body or mind, a state or frame of mind, feeling (only transient, while habitus is lasting):

    adfectio est animi aut corporis ex tempore aliqua de causa commutatio ut, laetitia, cupiditas, metus, molestia, morbus, debilitas, et alia, quae in eodem genere reperiuntur,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 25, 36; 1, 2, 5; cf. 1, 2, 5, § 19. In Gellius = adfectus, as transl. of the Gr. pathos, Gell. 19, 12, 3.—
    B.
    A permanent state of mind, a frame of mind, a state of feeling, Gr. diathesis:

    virtus est adfectio animi constans conveniensque,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 34 Kühn (cf. in Gr. diathesis psuchês sumphônês hautêi, Stob. Ecl. Eth. 2, p. 104); id. Fin. 3, 26, 65 Goer.:

    non mihi est vita mea utilior quam animi talis adfectio, neminem ut violem commodi mei gratiā,

    id. Off. 2, 6, 29 Beier.—Also of body, as anal. to the mind, a fixed, permanent constitution: tu qui detinieris summum bonum firma corporis adfectione contineri, etc., Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 27.—And metaph. of the stars, their position in respect to one another:

    astrorum,

    a constellation, Cic. Fat. 4:

    ex qua adfectione caeli primum spiritum duxerit,

    id. Div. 2, 47 (cf. affectus, a, um, B.).—
    C.
    Esp., a favorable disposition toward any one, love, affection, good-will (post-Aug. prose):

    simiarum generi praecipua erga fetum adfectio,

    Plin. 8, 54, 80:

    egit Nero grates patribus laetas inter audientium adfectiones,

    Tac. A. 4, 15:

    argentum magis quam aurum sequuntur, nullā adfectione animi, sed quia, etc.,

    id. G. 5; Just. 24, 3:

    Artemisia Mausolum virum amāsse fertur ultra adfectionis humanae fidem,

    Gell. 10, 18, 1.—Concr., the loved object: adfectiones, children, Cod. Th. 13, 9, 3.—
    D.
    In the Lat. of the Pandects, ability of willing, will, volition, inclination (cf. 2. affectus, II. D.):

    furiosus et pupillus non possunt incipere possidere, quia adfectionem tenendi non habent,

    Dig. 5, 16, 60.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adfectio

  • 17 affectio

    affectĭo ( adf-), ōnis, f. [adficio].
    I.
    The relation to or disposition toward a thing produced in a person by some influence (in this and the two foll. signif. almost peculiar to the philos. lang. of Cic.): comparantur ea, quae aut majora aut minora aut paria dicuntur;

    in quibus spectantur haec: numerus, species, vis, quaedam etiam ad res aliquas adfectio,

    relation, Cic. Top. 18, 68, and § 70; cf. id. ib. 2, 7.—
    II.
    A.. A change in the state or condition of body or mind, a state or frame of mind, feeling (only transient, while habitus is lasting):

    adfectio est animi aut corporis ex tempore aliqua de causa commutatio ut, laetitia, cupiditas, metus, molestia, morbus, debilitas, et alia, quae in eodem genere reperiuntur,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 25, 36; 1, 2, 5; cf. 1, 2, 5, § 19. In Gellius = adfectus, as transl. of the Gr. pathos, Gell. 19, 12, 3.—
    B.
    A permanent state of mind, a frame of mind, a state of feeling, Gr. diathesis:

    virtus est adfectio animi constans conveniensque,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 34 Kühn (cf. in Gr. diathesis psuchês sumphônês hautêi, Stob. Ecl. Eth. 2, p. 104); id. Fin. 3, 26, 65 Goer.:

    non mihi est vita mea utilior quam animi talis adfectio, neminem ut violem commodi mei gratiā,

    id. Off. 2, 6, 29 Beier.—Also of body, as anal. to the mind, a fixed, permanent constitution: tu qui detinieris summum bonum firma corporis adfectione contineri, etc., Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 27.—And metaph. of the stars, their position in respect to one another:

    astrorum,

    a constellation, Cic. Fat. 4:

    ex qua adfectione caeli primum spiritum duxerit,

    id. Div. 2, 47 (cf. affectus, a, um, B.).—
    C.
    Esp., a favorable disposition toward any one, love, affection, good-will (post-Aug. prose):

    simiarum generi praecipua erga fetum adfectio,

    Plin. 8, 54, 80:

    egit Nero grates patribus laetas inter audientium adfectiones,

    Tac. A. 4, 15:

    argentum magis quam aurum sequuntur, nullā adfectione animi, sed quia, etc.,

    id. G. 5; Just. 24, 3:

    Artemisia Mausolum virum amāsse fertur ultra adfectionis humanae fidem,

    Gell. 10, 18, 1.—Concr., the loved object: adfectiones, children, Cod. Th. 13, 9, 3.—
    D.
    In the Lat. of the Pandects, ability of willing, will, volition, inclination (cf. 2. affectus, II. D.):

    furiosus et pupillus non possunt incipere possidere, quia adfectionem tenendi non habent,

    Dig. 5, 16, 60.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > affectio

  • 18 alacritas

    ălăcrĭtas, ātis, f. [alacer], the condition or quality of alacer, liveliness, ardor, briskness, alacrity, eagerness, promptness, joy, gladness:

    alacritas rei publicae defendendae,

    Cic. Phil. 4, 1:

    mirā sum alacritate ad litigandum,

    Cic. Att. 2, 7; so id. ib. 16, 3:

    alacritas studiumque pugnandi,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 46:

    animi incitatio atque alacritas,

    id. B. C. 3, 92:

    alacritas animae suae,

    Vulg. Eccli. 45, 29:

    finem orationis ingens alacritas consecuta est,

    Tac. Agr. 35:

    (naves) citae remis augebantur alacritate militum in speciem ac terrorem,

    id. A. 2, 6.—Of animals:

    canum in venando,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 63. —Of a joyous state of mind as made known by external demeanor, transport, rapture, ecstasy:

    inanis alacritas, id est laetitia gestiens,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 16, 36:

    vir temperatus, constans, sine metu, sine aegritudine, sine alacritate ullā, sine libidine,

    id. ib. 5, 16, 48. —With obj. gen., joy on account of something:

    clamor Romanorum alacritate perfecti operis sublatus,

    Liv. 2, 10 med. —
    * In plur.
    :

    vigores quidam mentium et alacritates,

    Gell. 19, 12, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > alacritas

  • 19 an

    1.
    ăn, conj. [etym. very obscure; v. the various views adduced in Hand, I. p. 296, with which he seems dissatisfied; if it is connected with the Sanscr. anjas, = Germ. ander, = Engl. other, we may comp. the Engl. other and or with the Germ. oder, = or]. It introduces the second part of a disjunctive interrogation, or a phrase implying doubt, and thus unites in itself the signif. of aut and num or -ne, or, or whether (hence the clause with an is entirely parallel with that introduced by num, utrum, -ne, etc., while aut forms only a subdivision in the single disjunctive clause; utrum... aut—an... aut, whether... or, etc.; cf. Ochsn. Eclog. p. 150; v. also aut).
    I.
    In disjunctive interrogations.
    A.
    Direct.
    a.
    Introd. by utrum (in Engl. the introd. particle whether is now obsolete, and the interrogation is denoted simply by the order of the words):

    Utrum hac me feriam an ab laevā latus?

    Plaut. Cist. 3, 10:

    sed utrum tu amicis hodie an inimicis tuis Daturu's cenam?

    id. Ps. 3, 2, 88; id. Pers. 3, 1, 13; id. Trin. 1, 2, 138; id. Cas. 2, 4, 11:

    Utrum sit annon voltis?

    id. Am. prol. 56:

    quid facies? Utrum hoc tantum crimen praetermittes an obicies?

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 30 sq.:

    in plebem vero Romanam utrum superbiam prius commemorem an crudelitatem?

    id. Verr. 1, 122; id. Deiot. 23; id. Fam. 7, 13:

    Utrum enim defenditis an impugnatis plebem?

    Liv. 5, 3. —And with an twice:

    Utrum hoc signum cupiditatis tuae an tropaeum necessitudinis atque hospitii an amoris indicium esse voluisti?

    Cic. Verr. 2, 115; id. Imp. Pomp. 57 sq.; id. Rab. 21.—With an three times:

    Utrum res ab initio ita ducta est, an ad extremum ita perducta, an ita parva est pecunia, an is (homo) Verres, ut haec quae dixi, gratis facta esse videantur?

    Cic. Verr. 2, 61; 3, 83; id. Clu. 183; Liv. 21, 10; and seven times in Cic. Dom. 56-58.—With -ne pleon. (not to be confounded with cases where utrum precedes as pron.; as Cic. Tusc. 4, 4, 9):

    sed utrum tu masne an femina es, qui illum patrem voces?

    Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 16; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 42; id. Stich. 5, 4, 26:

    Utrum studione id sibi habet an laudi putat Fore, si etc.,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 28:

    Utrum igitur tandem perspicuisne dubia aperiuntur an dubiis perspicua tolluntur?

    Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67.—And affixed to utrum, but rarely:

    Utrumne jussi persequemur otium... an hunc laborem etc.,

    Hor. Epod. 1, 7; Plin. 17, 1, 1, § 4; Quint. 12, 1, 40.—
    b.
    Introduced by -ne:

    quid fit? seditio tabetne an numeros augificat suos?

    Enn. Trag. Rel. p. 23 Rib.:

    servos esne an liber?

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 186:

    idne agebas, ut tibi cum sceleratis an ut cum bonis civibus conveniret?

    Cic. Lig. 18; 23:

    custosne urbis an direptor et vexator esset Antonius?

    id. Phil. 3, 27; id. Mur. 88; id. Sull. 22.—

    So with an twice,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 28; id. Att. 16, 8;

    and five times,

    id. Balb. 9.—
    c.
    Introduced by nonne:

    Nonne ad servos videtis rem publicam venturam fuisse? An mihi ipsi fuit mors aequo animo oppetenda?

    Cic. Sest. 47; id. Sex. Rosc. 43 sq.; id. Dom. 26; 127.—So with an twice, Cic. Phil. 11, 36.—
    d.
    Introduced by num:

    si quis invidiae metus, num est vehementius severitatis invidia quam inertiae pertimescenda?

    Cic. Cat. 1, 29; id. Mur. 76; id. Sest. 80:

    Num quid duas habetis patrias an est illa patria communis?

    id. Leg. 2, 2.—
    e.
    Without introductory particle:

    quid igitur? haec vera an falsa sunt?

    Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 95:

    quid enim exspectas? bellum an tabulas novas?

    id. Cat. 2, 18:

    ipse percussit an aliis occidendum dedit?

    id. Sex. Rosc. 74; id. Verr. 2, 106; id. Imp. Pomp. 53; id. Phil. 2, 27:

    eloquar an sileam?

    Verg. A. 3, 37:

    auditis an me ludit amabilis Insania?

    Hor. C. 3, 4, 5.—So an twice, Cic. Mil. 54;

    three times,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 8;

    and six times,

    Cic. Rab. 14; id. Pis. 40.—
    B.
    Indirect.
    a.
    Introduced by utrum:

    quid tu, malum, curas, Utrum crudum an coctum edim?

    Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 16; id. Cist. 4, 2, 11; id. Bacch. 3, 4, 1; id. Mil. 2, 3, 74:

    quaero, si quis... utrum is clemens an inhumanissimus esse videatur,

    Cic. Cat. 4, 12:

    agitur, utrum M. Antonio facultas detur an horum ei facere nihil liceat,

    id. Phil. 5, 6; id. Sex. Rosc. 72; id. Imp. Pomp. 42; id. Verr. 1, 105.
    ► So once only in Vulg.
    aut for an: Loquimini de me utrum bovem cujusquam tulerim aut asinum, 1 Reg. 12, 3.—And with -ne pleon.:

    res in discrimine versatur, utrum possitne se contra luxuriem parsimonia defendere an deformata cupiditati addicatur,

    Cic. Quinct. 92:

    numquamne intelleges statuendum tibi esse, utrum illi, qui istam rem gesserunt, homicidaene sint an vindices libertatis?

    id. Phil. 2, 30.—
    b.
    Introduced by -ne:

    Fortunāne an forte repertus,

    Att. Trag. Rel. p. 159 Rib. agitur autem liberine vivamus an mortem obeamus, Cic. Phil. 11, 24; id. Verr. 4, 73; id. Mil. 16:

    nunc vero non id agitur, bonisne an malis moribus vivamus etc.,

    Sall. C. 52, 10.—So with an three times, Cic. Or. 61.—
    c.
    Introduced by an:

    haud scio an malim te videri... an amicos tuos plus habuisse,

    Cic. Pis. 39.—
    d.
    Without introd. particle:

    ... vivam an moriar, nulla in me est metus,

    Enn. Trag. Rel. p. 72 Rib.:

    vivat an mortuus sit, quis aut scit aut curat?

    Cic. Phil. 13, 33; 3, 18; id. Sex. Rosc. 88; id. Red. in Sen. 14.—
    C.
    Sometimes the opinion of the speaker or the probability inclines to the second interrogative clause (cf. infra, II. E.). and this is made emphatic, as a corrective of the former, or rather, or on the contrary:

    ea quae dixi ad corpusne refers? an est aliquid, quod te suā sponte delectet?

    Cic. Fin. 2, 33, 107:

    Cur sic agere voluistis? An ignoratis quod etc.,

    Vulg. Gen. 44, 15.—Hence, in the comic poets, an potius:

    cum animo depugnat suo, Utrum itane esse mavelit ut... An ita potius ut etc.,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 31: id. Stich. 1, 2, 18; id. Trin. 2, 2, 25:

    an id flagitium est, An potius hoc patri aequomst fieri, ut a me ludatur dolis?

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 94.—
    D.
    The first part of the interrogation is freq. not expressed, but is to be supplied from the context; in this case, an begins the interrog., or, or rather, or indeed, or perhaps (but it does not begin an absolute, i. e. not disjunctive, interrog.): De. Credam ego istuc, si esse te hilarem videro. Ar. An tu esse me tristem putas? (where nonne me hilarem esse vides? is implied), Plaut. As. 5, 1, 10: Ch. Sed Thaïs multon ante venit? Py. An abiit jam a milite? Ter. Eun. 4, 5, 7:

    An ego Ulixem obliscar umquam?

    Att. Trag. Rel. p. 199 Rib.:

    An parum vobis est quod peccatis?

    Vulg. Josh. 22, 17:

    est igitur aliquid, quod perturbata mens melius possit facere quam constans? an quisquam potest sine perturbatione mentis irasci?

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 24, 54; cf. id. Clu. 22; id. Off. 3, 29: Debes hoc etiam rescribere, sit tibi curae Quantae conveniat Munatius; an male sarta Gratia nequiquam coit...? or is perhaps, etc., Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 31 K. and H. —So esp. in Cic., in order to make the truth of an assertion more certain, by an argumentum a minore ad majus:

    cur (philosophus) pecuniam magno opere desideret vel potius curet omnino? an Scythes Anacharsis potuit pro nihilo pecuniam ducere, nostrates philosophi non potuerunt?

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 89 sq.:

    An vero P. Scipio T. Gracchum privatus interfecit, Catilinam vero nos consules perferemus?

    id. Cat. 1, 1; so id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 14, 5, 12 Muret.; id. Fin. 1, 2, 5, ubi v. Madv.—It sometimes introduces a question suggested by the words of another: He. Mane. Non dum audisti, Demea, Quod est gravissimum? De. An quid est etiam anplius? Is there then etc., Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 21:

    sed ad haec, nisi molestum est, habeo quae velim. An me, inquam, nisi te audire vellem censes haec dicturum fuisse?

    Cic. Fin. 1, 8, 28; 2, 22, 74; id. Tusc. 5, 26, 73; 5, 12, 35; id. Brut. 184; id. Fat. 2, 4; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 1, 8, 28.—It sometimes anticipates an answer to something going before: At vero si ad vitem sensus accesserit, ut appetitum quendam habeat et per se ipsa moveatur, quid facturam putas? An ea, quae per vinitorem antea consequebatur, per se ipsa curabit? shall we not say that, must we not think that etc., Cic. Fin. 5, 14, 38, ubi v. Madv.—
    E.
    An non. and in one word, annon (in direct questions more freq. than necne):

    isne est quem quaero an non?

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 12:

    Hocine agis an non?

    id. And. 1, 2, 15:

    Tibi ego dico an non?

    id. ib. 4, 4, 23:

    utrum sit an non voltis?

    Plaut. Am. prol. 56:

    utrum cetera nomina in codicem accepti et expensi digesta habes annon?

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 3 al. —Also in indirect questions = necne, q. v.:

    abi, vise redieritne jam an non dum domum,

    Ter. Phorm. 3, 4, 5:

    videbo utrum clamorem opere conpleverint, an non est ita,

    Vulg. Gen. 18, 21; 24, 21.—
    F.
    An ne, usually written anne, pleon. for an.
    a.
    In direct questions:

    anne tu dicis quā ex causā vindicaveris?

    Cic. Mur. 26. —
    b.
    In indirect questions:

    nec. aequom anne iniquom imperet, cogitabit,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 19; id. Ps. 1, 1, 122:

    percontarier, Utrum aurum reddat anne eat secum simul,

    id. Bacch. 4, 1, 4:

    Nam quid ego de consulato loquar, parto vis, anue gesto?

    Cic. Pis. 1, 3:

    cum interrogetur, tria pauca sint anne multa,

    id. Ac. 2, 29:

    Gabinio dicam anne Pompeio, an utrique,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 57; so id. Or. 61, 206:

    Quid enim interest, divitias, opes, valetudinem bona dicas anne praeposita, cum etc.,

    id. Fin. 4, 9, 23 Madv.; August. ap. Suet. Aug. 69 al. (for the omission of the second disjunctive clause or the particle necne representing it, v. utrum;

    instances of this usage in eccl. Lat. are,

    Vulg. Lev. 13, 36; 14, 36; ib. Num. 11, 23 al.).—
    II.
    In disjunctive clauses that express doubt, or.
    A.
    Utrum stultitiā facere ego hunc an malitiā Dicam, scientem an imprudentem, incertus sum. Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 54:

    ut nescias, utrum res oratione an verba sententiis illustrentur,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 56:

    honestumne factu sit an turpe, dubitant,

    id. Off. 1, 3, 9:

    nescio, gratulerne tibi an timeam,

    id. Fam. 2, 5; Caes. B. G. 7, 5:

    pecuniae an famae minus parceret, haud facile discerneres,

    Sall. C. 25, 3; so id. ib. 52, 10; Suet. Aug. 19; id. Tib. 10; id. Claud. 15:

    cognoscet de doctrinā, utrum ex Deo sit an ego a me ipso loquar,

    Vulg. Joan. 7, 17; ib. Eccl. 2, 19 al.—
    B.
    An sometimes denotes uncertainty by itself, without a verb of doubting (dubito, dubium or incertum est, etc., vet in such cases the editors are divided between an and aut; cf. Mos. and Orell. ad Cic. Rep. 1, 12): verene hoc memoriae proditum est [p. 115] regem istum Numam Pythagorae ipsius discipulum, an certe Pythagoreum fuisse? Cic. Rep. 2, 15, where B. and K. read aut certe: Cn. Octavius est an Cn. Cornelius quidam tuus familiaris, summo genere natus, terrae filius;

    is etc.,

    id. Fam. 7, 9 B. and K.:

    Themistocles quidem, cum ei Simonides an quis alius artem memoriae polliceretur, Oblivionis, inquit, mallem,

    Simonides or some other person, id. Fin. 2, 32, 104; id. Fam. 7, 9, 3; id. Att. 1, 3, 2; 2, 7, 3; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 2, 32, 104.—
    C.
    It often stands for sive (so esp. in and after the Aug. per.):

    quod sit an non, nihil commovet analogiam,

    whether this be so or not, Varr. L. L. 9, § 105 Müll.; Att. ap. Prisc. p. 677 P.; Ov. R. Am. 797:

    saucius an sanus, numquid tua signa reliqui,

    id. F. 4, 7:

    Illa mihi referet, si nostri mutua curast, An minor, an toto pectore deciderim,

    Tib. 3, 1, 20; Tac. A. 11, 26:

    sive nullam opem praevidebat inermis atque exul, seu taedio ambiguae spei an amore conjugis et liberorum,

    id. ib. 14, 59.—
    D.
    The first disjunctive clause is freq. to be supplied from the gen. idea or an may stand for utrum—necne (cf. supra, I. D.):

    qui scis, an, quae jubeam, sine vi faciat? (vine coactus is to be supplied),

    how knowest thou whether or not he will do it without compulsion? Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 20:

    An dolo malo factum sit, ambigitur,

    Cic. Tull. 23:

    quaesivi an misisset (periplasmata),

    id. Verr. 4, 27:

    Vide an facile fieri tu potueris, cum etc.,

    id. Fragm. B. 13, 2, 1:

    praebete aurem et videte an mentiar,

    Vulg. Job, 6, 28: de L. Bruto fortasse dubitaverim an propter infinitum odium tyranni effrenatius in Aruntem invaserit, I might doubt whether or not, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 22, 50; id. Verr. 3, 76:

    Quis scit an adiciant hodiernae crastina summae Tempora di superi?

    Hor. C. 4, 7, 17; Plin. Ep. 6, 21, 3; Quint. 2, 17, 38:

    Sine videamus an veniat Elias,

    Vulg. Matt. 27, 49:

    tria sine dubio rursus spectanda sunt, an sit, quid sit, quale sit,

    Quint. 5, 10, 53:

    dubium an quaesitā morte,

    Tac. A. 1, 5; 6, 50; 4, 74:

    Multitudo an vindicatura Bessum fuerit, incertum est,

    Curt. 7, 5:

    diu Lacedaemonii, an eum summae rei praeponerent, deliberaverunt,

    Just. 6, 2, 4 et saep.—
    E.
    Since in such distrib. sentences expressive of doubt, the opinion of the speaker or the probability usually inclines to the second, i. e. to the clause beginning with an, the expressions haud scio an, nescio an, dubito an (the latter through all pers. and tenses), incline to an affirmative signification, I almost know, I am inclined to think, I almost think, I might say, I might assert that, etc., for perhaps, probably (hence the opinion is incorrect that an, in this situation, stands for an non; for by an non a negation of the objective clause is expressed, e. g. nescio an non beatus sit, I am almost of the opinion that he is not happy, v. infra, and cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 1, Exc. XI. p. 335 sq.; Cic. uses haud scio an eleven times in his Orations;

    nescio an, four times): atque haud scio an, quae dixit sint vera omnia,

    Ter. And. 3, 2, 45:

    crudele gladiatorum spectaculum et inhumanum non nullis videri solet: et haud scio an ita sit, ut nunc fit,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 41; id. Fl. 26:

    testem non mediocrem, sed haud scio an gravissimum,

    perhaps, id. Off. 3, 29:

    constantiam dico? nescio an melius patientiam possim dicere,

    id. Lig. 9; id. Fam. 9, 19:

    ingens eo die res, ac nescio an maxima illo bello gesta sit,

    Liv. 23, 16; Quint. 12, 11, 7 al.:

    si per se virtus sine fortunā ponderanda sit, dubito an Thrasybulum primum omuium ponam,

    I am not certain whether I should not prefer Thrasybulus to all others, Nep. Thras. 1 Dähne:

    dicitur acinace stricto Darius dubitāsse an fugae dedecus honestā morte vitaret,

    i. e. was almost resolved upon, Curt. 4, 5, 30:

    ego dubito an id improprium potius appellem,

    Quint. 1, 5, 46; Gell. 1, 3 al.—Hence, a neg. objective clause must contain in this connection the words non, nemo, nullus, nihil, numquam, nusquam, etc.:

    dubitet an turpe non sit,

    he is inclined to believe that it is not bad, Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:

    haud scio an ne opus quidem sit, nihil umquam deesse amicis,

    id. Am. 14, 51:

    eloquentiā quidem nescio an habuisset parem neminem,

    id. Brut. 33: quod cum omnibus est faciendum tum haud scio an nemini potius quam tibi, to no one perhaps more, id. Off. 3, 2, 6:

    meā sententiā haud scio an nulla beatior esse possit,

    id. Sen. 16; id. Leg. 1, 21:

    non saepe atque haud scio an numquam,

    id. Or. 2, 7 al. —
    F.
    Sometimes the distributive clause beginning with an designates directly the opposite, the more improbable, the negative; in which case nescio an, haud scio an, etc., like the Engl. I know not whether, signify I think that not, I believe that not, etc.; hence, in the object. clause, aliquis, quisquam, ullus, etc., must stand instead of nemo, nullus, etc. (so for the most part only after Cic.): an profecturus sim, nescio, I know not (i. e. I doubt, I am not confident) whether I shall effect any thing, Sen. Ep. 25:

    opus nescio an superabile, magnum certe tractemus,

    id. Q. N. 3, praef. 4; Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 6: haud scio an vivere nobis liceret, I know not whether we, etc., Cic. Har. Resp. 11, 22: doleo enim maximam feminam eripi oculis civitatis, nescio an aliquid simile visuris, for I know not whether they will ever see any thing of this kind, Plin. Ep. 7, 19; Val. Max. 5, 2, 9:

    nescio an ullum tempus jucundius exegerim,

    I do not know whether I have ever passed time more pleasantly, id. 3, 1:

    namque huic uni contigit, quod nescio an ulli,

    Nep. Timol. 1, 1; Sen. Contr. 3 praef.; Quint. 9, 4, 1:

    nostri quoque soloecum, soloecismum nescio an umquam dixerint,

    Gell. 5, 20 al. Cf. upon this word Hand, Turs. I. pp. 296-361, and Beier, Exc. ad Cic. Am. pp. 202-238.
    2.
    an-, v. ambi.
    3.
    - ăn. This word appears in forsan, forsitan, and fortasse an (Att. Trag. Rel. p. 151 Rib.) or fortassan, seeming to enhance the idea of uncertainty and doubt belonging to fors, etc., and is regarded by some as the Greek conditional particle an, and indeed one of these compounds, forsitan, sometimes in the Vulgate, translates an; as, Joan. 4, 10; 5, 46; 8, 19; and in 3, Joan. 9, it still represents the various reading, an.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > an

  • 20 Constantia

    1.
    constantĭa, ae, f. [1. constans].
    I.
    A firm standing, steadiness, firmness, immutability, unchangeableness, constancy, perseverance (in good prose;

    esp. freq. in Cic.): (stellarum) perennes cursus atque perpetui cum admirabili incredibilique constantiā,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 21, 55; cf. id. ib. §

    56, and 3, 9, 23: dictorum conventorumque,

    id. Off. 1, 7, 23; cf.

    promissi,

    id. Att. 4, 19 (17), 1:

    tantā constantiā vocis atque voltūs,

    Nep. Att. 22, 1: perseverantia constantiaque oppugnandi, Auct. B. Alex. 26.—
    II.
    Trop., agreement, harmony, symmetry, consistency:

    testimoniorum,

    Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9:

    ordo et constantia et moderatio dictorum omnium atque factorum,

    Cic. Off. 1, 28, 98:

    non ex singulis vocibus philosophi spectandi sunt, sed ex perpetuitate atque constantiā,

    id. Tusc. 5, 10, 31:

    in quibus (orationibus) forsitan magis requiratur constantia,

    id. Clu. 51, 141; cf.:

    constantiae causā,

    for consistency's sake, id. ib. 2, 2, 5:

    quae autem est inter augures conveniens et conjuncta constantia?

    id. Div. 2, 39, 82:

    officii,

    id. Sull. 1, 2. —
    2.
    Firmness of character, steadfastness, immovability, constancy, self - possession:

    is, qui moderatione et constantiā quietus animo est sibi ipse placatus, ut nec tabescat molestiis, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 37; cf. id. ib. 4, 17, 38:

    Catoni cum incredibilem tribuisset natura gravitatem, eamque ipse perpetuā constantiā roborasset semperque in proposito susceptoque consilio permansisset, etc.,

    id. Off. 1, 31, 112:

    si soceri Scauri constantiam (ceperis),

    id. Verr. 1, 17, 52:

    benevolentiam, non... ardore quodam amoris, sed stabilitate potius et constantiā judicemus,

    id. Off. 1, 15, 47:

    firmamentum constantiae est fides,

    id. Lael. 18, 65:

    hinc constantia, illinc furor,

    id. Cat. 2, 11, 25; id. Sest. 41, 88; id. Phil. 7, 4, 14; id. Off. 1, 28, 98; Nep. Thras. 1, 1; Hor. Epod. 15, 15; Liv. 42, 62, 11:

    de eorum fide constantiāque dubitatis?

    Caes. B. G. 7, 77; Brut. ap. Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 16, 10:

    animi,

    Ov. M. 11, 293:

    morum,

    Tac. H. 3, 86; id. A. 13, 30 fin.; Sen. Const. Sap. 1, 1 sqq.: sunt et alia ingenita quaedam adjumenta vox, latus, patiens laboris valetudo, constantia, decor, i. e. natural firmness, intrepidity, Quint. prooem. § 27 Meyer.; cf. id. 6, prooem. § 11; 12, 5, 2.— Acc. to the notions of the Stoics, = eupatheia; in plur.: sic quattuor perturbationes sunt, tres constantiae ( = eupatheias treis, Diog. L. 7, 115), Cic. Tusc. 4, 6, 14; cf. Aug. Civ. Dei, 14, 8.
    2.
    Constantia, ae, f., a Roman proper name, Lact. Mort. Pers. 15, 1, 6; Amm. 21, 15, 6.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Constantia

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