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impers

  • 41 compono

    com-pōno ( conp-), posui (COMPOSEIVERVNT, C. I. L. 1, 199, 2), positum (compostus, Plaut. Mil. 4, 7, 21 Lorenz; Verg. A. 1, 249; Lucil. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 171; Varr ap. Sen. Ep. 56, 6), 3, v. a., to put, place, lay, bring or set together, to unite, join, connect, collect, aggregate, compose, to order, arrange, adjust, etc. (class. and very freq.).
    I.
    In gen., of different objects.
    A. 1.
    Of things in gen.:

    aridum lignum,

    Hor. C. 3, 17, 14:

    composita fronde,

    Prop. 1, 20, 22:

    uvas in tecto in cratibus,

    Cato, R. R. 112, 2:

    in quo (loco) erant ea conposita, quibus rex te numerare constituerat,

    Cic. Deiot. 6, 17:

    (amomum) manipulatim leniter componitur,

    Plin. 12, 13, 28, § 48:

    amphoras in culleum,

    Cato, R. R. 113, 2:

    ligna in caminum,

    id. ib. 37, 5.—
    b.
    To bring into contact, fit together, join:

    quid... in operibus manu factis tam compositum tamque compactum et coagmentatum inveniri potest?

    Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 74: cum poclo bibo eodem, amplector, labra labellis conpono, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 260, 28:

    tum latus conponit lateri et cum pectore pectus,

    id. ib. p. 260, 30:

    conponens manibusque manus atque ori bus ora,

    Verg. A. 8, 486:

    Mercurio Sais fertur Virgineum conposuisse latus,

    Prop. 2, 2, 12; cf.

    caput,

    Tib. 1, 5, 8.—Hence, of broken limbs, etc., med. t. t., to set:

    ossa,

    Cels. 8, 10, 2:

    jugulum,

    id. 8, 8, 8 et saep.—
    c.
    Esp., to pack up for a journey, etc.:

    omnia composta sunt quae donavi,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 7, 21:

    i ergo intro et compone quae tecum simul Ferantur,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 5:

    dum tota domus raeda componitur una,

    Juv. 3, 10.—
    2.
    Of persons:

    is (Saturnus) genus indocile ac dispersum montibus altis Composuit,

    Verg. A. 8, 322:

    et tabula una duos poterit componere amantes,

    Prop. 2, 26, 33 (3, 22, 13); cf. II. C. 5. infra.—
    B.
    To set in opposition.
    1.
    To bring together in hostility, to oppose, to couple, pair, match in combat (cf. compositio, III.); esp. of gladiators, etc.: Samnis, spurcus homo, cum Pacideiano conponitur, optimus multo Post homines natos gladiator qui fuit unus, Lucil. Sat. ap. Non. p. 257, 18; cf. Cic. Opt. Gen. 6, 17:

    Rupili et Persi par pugnat, uti non Compositum melius cum Bitho Bacchius,

    Hor. S. 1, 7, 20 Orell. ad loc.:

    staturam habere Threcis cum Threce conpositi,

    Sen. Q. N. 4, praef. 8;

    and in gen.: si quis casus duos inter se bonos viros composuerit,

    Quint. 2, 17, 34:

    cuive virum mallem memet componere,

    Sil. 10, 70:

    componimur Vecordi Decio,

    id. 11, 212:

    hunc fatis,

    id. 1, 39:

    cum ventis, pelagique furentibus undis Composuit mortale genus,

    Luc. 3, 196;

    and fig.: pergis pugnantia secum Frontibus adversis componere,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 103:

    ecce par deo dignum, vir fortis cum fortuna mala conpositus,

    Sen. Prov. 1, 2, 9:

    non illa (rhetorice) secum ipsa componitur,

    Quint. 2, 17, 33;

    and of a judicial contest: accita Epicharis et cum indice composita,

    confronted, Tac. A. 15, 51; 16, 10.—
    2.
    To oppose by way of comparison, to compare, contrast.
    (α).
    With acc. and dat.: quid est, cur componere ausis mihi te aut me tibi? Att. ap. Non. p. 257, 15 (Trag. Rel. v. 147 Rib.):

    nec divis homines componier aequom'st,

    Cat. 68, 141: composita dicta evolvunt, Quae cum componas, dicta factis discrepant, Att. ap. Non. p. 260, 21 (Trag. Rel. v. 48 Rib.):

    si parva licet conponere magnis,

    Verg. G. 4, 176:

    parvis conponere magna solebam,

    id. E. 1, 23; Ov. M. 5, [p. 392] 416:

    audes cladi componere nostrae, Nympha, tuam?

    id. ib. 15, 530:

    divinis humana,

    Aus. Ecl. 1, 10.—
    (β).
    With acc. and cum:

    ubi Metelli dicta cum factis conposuit,

    Sall. J. 48, 1: causam suam cum causa adversarii. Quint. 7, 2, 22.
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    Of the parts of a whole, or of a whole as made up of parts.
    1. (α).
    With ex:

    exercitus ejus conpositus ex variis gentibus,

    Sall. J. 18, 3:

    genus humanum ex corpore et anima conpositum,

    id. ib. 2, 1:

    liber ex alienis orationibus compositus,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47:

    antidoton... ex multis atque interim contrariis quoque inter se effectibus,

    Quint. 1, 10, 6:

    ex quo (umore) componi debet (medicamentum),

    Cels. 6, 7, 1 fin.
    (β).
    With abl.:

    mensam gramine,

    Sil. 15, 51.—
    (γ).
    With acc. alone:

    medicamentum,

    Col. 6, 4, 1; Scrib. Comp. 10.—
    2.
    Esp., of buildings, etc., to construct, build:

    qui cuncta conposuit,

    i. e. the Creator, Cic. Univ. 13:

    urbem,

    Verg. A. 3, 387:

    illa (templa) deis,

    Ov. F. 1, 708 Burm. ad loc.:

    aggere conposito tumuli,

    Verg. A. 7, 6:

    deletas Thebas,

    Prop. 2, 6, 5.—
    3.
    Of words, to compound:

    vitilitigatores ex vitiis et litigatoribus, Plin. praef. § 32: verba composita (opp. simplicia),

    Quint. 1, 5, 3.—
    4.
    Of writings, speeches, etc.
    a.
    To compose, write, construct (very freq.):

    leges,

    Lucr. 4, 966:

    compone hoc, quod postulo, de argento: de reliquo videro,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 16, § 36:

    quartum librum,

    id. de Or. 2, 55, 224:

    libros,

    id. Fam. 16, 20; Plin. Ep. 9, 9, 1:

    libellos,

    Quint. 12, 8, 5:

    actiones,

    Cic. Att. 6, 1, 8; Quint. 11, 3, 68:

    argumentum,

    Cic. Att. 15, 4, 3:

    edictum eis verbis,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 45, § 116:

    edictum eorum arbitratu,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 46, §

    119: artes,

    books of instruction, id. Brut. 12, 48; id. Ac. 2, 13, 40:

    artificium,

    id. de Or. 2, 19, 83:

    commentarium consulatus mei,

    id. Att. 1, 19, 10; Quint. 1, 8, 19:

    quarum (litterarum) exemplum,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 20, 53:

    quandam disciplinae formulam,

    id. Ac. 1, 4, 17:

    stipulationum et judiciorum formulas,

    id. Leg. 1, 4, 14:

    interdictum,

    id. Caecin. 21, 59:

    poema,

    id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 77; Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 60:

    senatus consultum,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 22, 2:

    testimonium,

    id. Att. 15, 15, 1:

    verba ad religionem deorum immortalium,

    id. Dom. 47, 124:

    de judicialibus causis aliqua,

    Quint. 3, 6, 104:

    aliquid de ratione dicendi, id. prooem. 1: quae de ortu vitaque Scapulae composita erant,

    Tac. A. 16, 14:

    Apion... inmortalitate donari a se scripsit ad quos aliqua conponebat, Plin. praef. § 25: carmen,

    Cic. Mur. 12, 26:

    carmina,

    Tac. Or. 12; id. A. 3, 49:

    epistulas,

    id. ib. 2, 70:

    litteras nomine Marcelli,

    Liv. 27, 28, 4; Tac. A. 11, 20:

    orationem habere ad conciliandos plebis animos conpositam,

    Liv. 1, 35, 2:

    blanditias tremula voce,

    Tib. 1, 2, 91:

    meditata manu verba trementi,

    Ov. M. 9, 521:

    versus,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 8:

    mollem versum,

    Prop. 1, 7, 19:

    cantus,

    Tib. 1, 2, 53:

    in morem annalium,

    Tac. Or. 22:

    orationes adversus aliquem,

    id. ib. 37:

    litteras ad aliquem,

    id. A. 15, 8; 14, 22:

    probra in Gaium,

    id. ib. 6, 9;

    14, 50: multa et atrocia in Macronem,

    id. ib. 6, 44 (38) et saep.—
    b.
    Transf., of the subjects, etc., treated, to write about, treat, celebrate:

    tuas laudes,

    Tib. 4, 1, 35:

    res gestas,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 251:

    tempora Iliaca,

    Vell. 1, 3, 2:

    bellum Troicum,

    id. 1, 5, 3:

    Juli Africani vitam componendo, spem hominibus fecisti plurium ejus modi librorum,

    Tac. Or. 14:

    veteres populi Romani res,

    id. A. 4, 32:

    Neronis res,

    id. ib. 1, 1; 11, 11.—
    B.
    From the notion of closing.
    1.
    To put away, put aside, put in place:

    armamentis conplicandis, conponendis studuimus,

    i. e. folding up the sails and lowering the masts, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 80:

    (tempus) ad componenda armamenta expediendumque remigem,

    Liv. 26, 39, 8:

    vela contrahit malosque inclinat et simul armamenta componens, etc.,

    id. 36, 44, 2:

    arma,

    Hor. C. 4, 14, 52:

    tristes istos conpone libellos,

    put aside, Prop. 1, 9, 13.—
    2.
    To store up, put away, collect:

    nec... Aut conponere opes norant aut parcere parto,

    Verg. A. 8, 317:

    ego conposito securus acervo Despiciam dites,

    Tib. 1, 1, 77;

    so fig.: condo et compono quae mox depromere possim,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 12.— So esp. to preserve, pack, put up fruits, meat, etc., for future use:

    pernas,

    Cato, R. R. 162, 12:

    tergora (suis),

    Col. 12, 55, 2: siccatos coliculos, id. 12, 9, 1:

    caepam in fidelia,

    id. 12, 10, 2:

    herbas,

    id. 12, 13, 2:

    poma,

    id. 12, 47, 5:

    olivas,

    Pall. Nov. 22, 5:

    herbam olla nova,

    Scrib. Comp. 60:

    faenum,

    Dig. 19, 2, 11, § 4:

    fructus in urceis, capsellis,

    ib. 33, 7, 12, §1.—
    3.
    Of the ashes or remains of the dead, to adjust, lay out, to collect and inurn, inter, bury:

    tu mea conpones et dices, ossa, Properti, Haec tua sunt,

    Prop. 2, 24, 35 (3, 19, 19):

    cinerem,

    Ov. F. 3, 547:

    cinerem ossaque,

    Val. Fl. 7, 203:

    sic ego conponi versus in ossa velim,

    Tib. 3, 2, 26.—Hence, in gen., of persons, to bury:

    quem... prope cognatos conpositum cineres,

    Cat. 68, 98:

    omnes composui (meos),

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 28:

    compositi busta avi,

    Ov. F. 5, 426:

    Pisonem Verania uxor... T. Vinium Crispina filia composuere,

    Tac. H. 1, 47:

    componi tumulo eodem,

    Ov. M. 4, 157:

    toro Mortua componar,

    id. ib. 9, 504:

    alto Conpositus lecto,

    Pers. 3, 104:

    aliquem terra,

    Sil. 9, 95.—
    4. a.
    Of things: omnia noctis erant placida composta quiete, Varr. Atac. ap. Sen. Contr. 3, 16:

    cum mare compositum est,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 259:

    aquas,

    id. H. 13, 136:

    fessum tumentes Composuit pelagus ventis patientibus undas,

    Luc. 5, 702.—
    b.
    Of persons:

    nec vigilantibus, sed etiam quiete compositis,

    Quint. 11, 2, 5:

    ubi jam thalamis se conposuere,

    Verg. G. 4, 189:

    defessa membra,

    id. ib. 4, 438:

    si bene conpositus somno vinoque jacebit,

    Ov. Am. 1, 4, 53.—
    5.
    To end strife, confusion, etc., to compose, pacify, allay, settle, calm, appease, quiet, tranquillize, reconcile, etc., that which is disturbed or at variance.
    a.
    With personal object:

    aversos amicos,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 29:

    ceteros clementia,

    Tac. A. 12, 55:

    comitia praetorum,

    id. ib. 14, 28; id. H. 1, 85:

    juvenes concitatos,

    Quint. 1, 10, 32; cf.:

    barbarum animos,

    Tac. A. 14, 39:

    gentem,

    Sil. 17, 356.—Esp. of the mind:

    prima (pars philosophiae) conponit animum,

    Sen. Ep. 89, 9:

    argumentum conpositae mentis,

    id. ib. 2, 1; Cels. 3, 18; Sil. 11, 352:

    mentem somno,

    id. 3, 162:

    religio saevas componit mentis,

    id. 13, 317.—
    b.
    Of places, countries, etc.:

    C. Caesar componendae Armeniae deligitur,

    Tac. A. 2, 4:

    Campaniam,

    id. H. 4, 3:

    Daciam,

    id. ib. 3, 53.—
    c.
    With abstr. or indef. objects:

    si possum hoc inter vos conponere,

    Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 23; cf.:

    vides, inter nos sic haec potius cum bona Ut componamus gratia quam cum mala?

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17:

    gaudens conponi foedere bellum,

    Verg. A. 12, 109; so,

    bellum,

    Sall. J. 97, 2; Nep. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Vell. 2, 25, 1; Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:

    bella,

    Tac. A. 3, 56:

    cum vellet pro communi amico controversias regum componere,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 109:

    uti per colloquia omnes controversiae componantur,

    id. ib. 1, 9 fin.:

    curas,

    Verg. A. 4, 341; Sil. 12, 682:

    lites,

    Verg. E. 3, 108:

    seditionem civilem,

    Suet. Caes. 4:

    statum Orientis,

    id. Calig. 1:

    Romanus Ardeae turbatas seditione res... composuit,

    Liv. 4, 10, 6; 3, 53, 1:

    legatorum res et bello turbatas,

    id. 45, 16, 2:

    res Germanicas,

    Suet. Vit. 9:

    discordias,

    Tac. H. 4, 50:

    compositis praesentibus,

    id. A. 1, 45:

    odia et certamina,

    id. ib. 15, 2.—Less freq. transf., with the result as object:

    pacem componi volo Meo patri cum matre,

    Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 113:

    si pax cum Carthaginiensibus componi nequisset,

    Liv. 30, 40, 13:

    at me conposita pace fefellit Amor,

    Prop. 2, 2, 2:

    pax circa Brundusium composita,

    Vell. 2, 75, 3:

    pacem cum Pyrrho,

    Just. 18, 2, 6; cf. D. 2. infra.—
    d.
    Absol.:

    coheredes mei conponere et transigere cupiebant,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 1, 7; and so impers. pass.:

    posteaquam id quod maxime volui fieri non potuit, ut componeretur,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 136:

    Pompei summam esse... voluntatem, ut componeretur atque ab armis discederetur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 16.—
    C. 1.
    In gen., to arrange, adjust, order, set in order:

    aulaeis se superbis Aurea sponda, of one's attitude on a couch,

    Verg. A. 1, 697:

    ad ictum militaris gladii conposita cervice,

    Sen. Cons. Marc. 26, 2:

    diductis aedificia angulis vidimus moveri iterumque conponi,

    id. Q. N. 6, 30, 4:

    si ad rem pertinet, quomodo caelo adfecto conpositisque sideribus quodque animal oriatur,

    Cic. Div. 2, 47, 98:

    tibi enim gratias agebat, quod signa componenda suscepisses,

    id. Att. 4, 9, 1.—
    2.
    Esp., milit. t. t.:

    se ad confligendum, Sisenn. ap. Non p. 257, 13: exercitum in hibernaculis, Sali J. 103, 1: in secunda (acie) cohortis, id. H. inc. Fragm. 44 Dietsch: stabant conpositi suis quisque ordinibus (opp. incompositi),

    Liv. 44, 38, 11:

    conpositi numero in turmas,

    Verg. A. 11, 599:

    cunctos licentia vagos compositus invadit = compositis ordinibus,

    Tac. H. 4, 35:

    agmen,

    id. ib. 2, 89; 5, 1; id. A. 12, 16:

    ordines,

    id. H. 4, 33:

    vagos paventesque Vitellianos, sua quemque apud signa, componunt,

    id. ib. 3, 35:

    pugnae exercitum,

    id. A. 13, 40:

    auxilia in numerum legionis,

    id. ib. 2, 80 Nipp. ad loc.:

    equitem per turmas,

    id. ib. 15, 29:

    insidias in montibus,

    Just. 1, 3, 11.—
    3.
    Of the order of words in language: quam lepide lexeis compostae! ut tesserulae omnes Arte pavimento atque emblemate vermiculato, Lucil. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 171; id. ap. Cic. Or. 44, 149; cf. id. ib. sq.:

    ut aptior sit oratio, ipsa verba compone,

    id. Brut. 17, 68.—
    4.
    With reference to orderly appearance, etc., of the clothing, hair; the expression of the countenance, etc., to lay, smooth, adjust:

    suon quisque loco'st? Vide capillum, satin compositu'st commode?

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 97:

    composito et delibuto capillo,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 46, 135:

    comas,

    Ov. R. Am. 679:

    crines,

    Verg. G. 4, 417:

    ne turbarentur comae, quas componi, etc.,

    Quint. 11, 3, 148:

    togam,

    to lay in proper folds, Hor. S. 2, 3, 77; Quint. 11, 3, 156; cf.:

    nec tamen ante adiit... Quam se composuit, quam circumspexit amictus,

    Ov. M. 4, 318:

    pulvinum facili manu,

    id. A. A. 1, 160; cf.

    torum,

    id. F. 3, 484:

    jam libet componere voltus,

    id. M. 13, 767:

    vultu composito, ne laeti excessu principis, etc.,

    Tac. A. 1, 7; Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 5; cf.:

    (Tiberius) compositus ore,

    id. ib. 2, 34:

    vultum natura horridum... efferabat, componens ad speculum in omnem terrorem,

    distorting, Suet. Calig. 50.—
    5.
    In gen., to adjust, arrange, regulate, for the expression of something, or to accord with something; usu. ad aliquid:

    ad abstinentiam rursus, non secus ac modo ad balineum animum vultumque conposui,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 1, 6:

    orationis ipsius vultus ad id, quod efficere intendimus, compositus,

    Quint. 9, 1, 21:

    utraque manu ad modum aliquid portantium composita,

    id. 11, 3, 120:

    ge. stum oratoris ad similitudinem saltationis,

    id. 1, 11, 19:

    figuram ad imitationem alterius scripturae,

    id. 9, 2, 34:

    nec ad votum composita civitas,

    Tac. Or. 41:

    cuncta ad decorem inperi conposita,

    id. H. 1, 71:

    cunctis ad tristitiam conpositis,

    id. A. 3, 1. —Less freq. with dat.:

    voltus conponere famae Taedet,

    to adapt, Tib. 4, 7, 9:

    venturis carbasa ventis,

    Luc. 3, 596:

    me quoque mittendis rectum componite telis,

    id. 3, 717. —With in:

    Nero itinera urbis... veste servili in dissimulationem sui compositus pererrabat,

    disguised, made up, Tac. A. 13, 25. —
    D. (α).
    With acc.:

    ego itinera sic composueram, ut Nonis Quinctilibus Puteolis essem,

    Cic. Att. 15, 26, 3:

    quod adest memento Componere aequus,

    Hor. C. 3, 29, 33:

    conposita atque constituta re publica,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 18, 42:

    necdum compositis maturisve satis consiliis,

    Liv. 4, 13, 5:

    (diem) totum in consideranda causa componendaque posuisse,

    Cic. Brut. 22, 87:

    tempus in cognoscendis componendisque causis consumere,

    id. Or. 42, 143:

    ex sententia omnibus rebus paratis conpositisque,

    Sall. J. 43, 5; 94, 1:

    in senatu cuncta longis aliorum principatibus composita statim decernuntur,

    Tac. H. 2, 55:

    dum quae forent firmando Neronis imperio componuntur,

    id. A. 12, 68.—
    (β).
    With ad or in and acc. of the purpose for which, or the example according to which, etc.:

    cum alteri placeat auspicia ista ad utilitatem esse rei publicae conposita,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 13, 32:

    omnia ad voluptatem multitudinis inperitae,

    Quint. 10, 1, 43:

    animum ad omnes casus,

    id. 12, 9, 20; Val. Fl. 1, 321:

    satis igitur in hoc nos componet multa scribendi exercitatio,

    Quint. 9, 4, 114:

    cultum victumque non ad nova exempla conponere, sed ut majorum mores suadent,

    Sen. Tranq. 9, 2. —
    2. (α).
    In gen.: eum allegaverunt, suom qui servom diceret Cum auro esse apud me: conposita est fallacia, [p. 393] Ut, etc., Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 29:

    quin jam virginem Despondi: res composita'st,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 17:

    ita causa componitur, ut item palaestritae Bidini peterent ab Epicrate hereditatem,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 22, § 54:

    societatem praedarum cum latronibus conposuisse,

    Sall. H. 4, 11 Dietsch:

    crimen ab inimicis Romae conpositum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 61, § 141:

    conpositis inter se rebus,

    Sall. J. 66, 2:

    ita conposito dolo digrediuntur,

    id. ib. 111, 4:

    conposito jam consilio,

    Liv. 3, 53, 3: ceteri proditores ea quae composita erant exspectabant;

    convenerat autem, etc.,

    id. 25, 9, 8:

    sub noctem susurri Composita repetantur hora,

    Hor. C. 1, 9, 20:

    ictum jam foedus, et omnes Conpositae leges,

    Verg. A. 12, 315:

    compositis notis,

    Tib. 1, 2, 22:

    crimen ac dolum ultro,

    Tac. H. 1, 34:

    proditionem,

    id. ib. 2, 100:

    seditionem,

    id. ib. 4, 14:

    insidias,

    id. ib. 5, 22; id. A. 12, 54; 13, 47: pacem componere, v. B. 5. supra.—
    (β).
    With rel.-clause:

    cum summa concordia, quos dimitterent, quos retinerent, composuerunt,

    Liv. 40, 40, 14.—
    (γ).
    With inf.:

    ii, secretis conloquiis conponunt Gallos concire,

    Tac. A. 3, 40.—
    (δ).
    Pass. impers.:

    ut domi compositum cum Marcio erat,

    Liv. 2, 37, 1.—
    (ε).
    With ut and subj.:

    compositum inter ipsos ut Latiaris strueret dolum,

    Tac. A. 4, 68; cf. P. a. subst.
    3.
    In gen., to feign, invent, devise, contrive, in order to deceive or delude, etc.: composita dicta, Att. ap. Non. p. 260, 22 (Trag. Rel. v. 47 Rib.):

    ne tu istic hodie malo tuo conpositis mendaciis Advenisti,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 211:

    nec bene mendaci risus conponitur ore,

    Tib. 3, 6, 35 (3, 7, 3):

    sed vobis facile'st verba et conponere fraudes,

    Prop. 2, 9, 31:

    insidias in me conponis inanes,

    id. 2, 32 (3, 30), 19:

    compositas insidias fatoque evitatas ementitur,

    Tac. A. 13, 47:

    si haec fabulosa et composita videntur,

    id. Or. 12; id. Agr. 40:

    quae ut augendae famae composita, sic reliqua non in obscuro habentur,

    id. A. 15, 16; cf.:

    vetustatem, ut cetera, in majus conponentem altores Jovis celebravisse,

    exaggerating, Sall. H. 3, 60 Dietsch.— Part. perf. with in and acc., pretending, assuming the appearance or expression:

    (Domitianus) paratus simulatione, in adrogantiam compositus audiit preces,

    Tac. Agr. 42:

    is in maestitiam compositus,

    id. H. 2, 9; 1, 54:

    in securitatem,

    id. A. 3, 44.—Rarely with ad:

    tunc compositus ad maestitiam,

    Tac. A. 13, 20.— Hence, P. a.: compŏsĭtus ( - postus), a, um.
    A.
    Well-arranged, ordered, or constituted, orderly, regular:

    quae (injuria) dum foris sunt, nil videtur mundius, Nec magis compositum quicquam nec magis elegans,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 13: admiratus sum... sunchusin litterularum, quae solent tuae compositissimae et clarissimae esse, Cic. Att. 6, 9, 1:

    acrior impetu atque animis quam compositior ullo ordine pugna fuit,

    Liv. 28, 22, 13:

    intellegitur, etiamsi non adjecero, conpositum ordinatumque fore talem virum,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 8, 3:

    composita et quieta et beata respublica,

    Tac. Or. 36. —Of writings:

    quare in his quoque libris erant eadem aliqua... omnia vero compositiora et elaborata,

    Quint. 1, pr. § 8; cf.:

    illa quae curam fatentur et ficta atque composita videri etiam volunt,

    elaborate, id. 8, pr. § 23.— Transf., of the orator himself:

    si aut compositi oratoris bene structam collocationem dissolvas permutatione verborum,

    Cic. Or. 70, 232.—
    B.
    Fitly disposed for any purpose, prepared, apt, fit, adapted, qualified, suitable, ready:

    perficiam ut nemo umquam paratior, vigilantior, compositior ad judicium venisse videatur,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 11; so,

    equus bene natura compositus,

    Auct. Her. 4, 46, 59.— With ad or in and acc., or with dat.:

    arte quadam ab juventa in ostentationem (virtutum) compositus,

    Liv. 26, 19, 3 Weissenb. ad loc.:

    alius historiae magis idoneus, alius compositus ad carmen,

    Quint. 2, 8, 7:

    aeque in adulationem compositus (sacerdos),

    Curt. 4, 7, 26:

    (Attici) non maxime ad risum compositi,

    Quint. 6, 3, 18:

    natura atque arte compositus alliciendis etiam Muciani moribus,

    Tac. H. 2, 5.—
    C.
    Quiet, peaceful, undisturbed, calm, composed, unimpassioned, etc.:

    ut peractis quae agenda fuerint salvo jam et composito die possis ibi manere,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 2:

    lenis et nitidi et compositi generis amatores,

    Quint. 10, 1, 44:

    actio,

    id. 11, 3, 110:

    aetas,

    mature, sedate, Tac. A. 13, 1: adfectus mites atque compositi, Quint. 6, 2, 9:

    supercilium (opp. erectum),

    id. 11, 3, 74:

    repetitio eorum (civium) labefactabat compositam civitatem,

    Flor. 3, 23, 3.—
    D.
    Compound, composite, made up of parts (opp. simplex):

    verba,

    Quint. 1, 5, 3; 1, 6, 38; 7, 9, 5:

    voces,

    id. 1, 5, 65; cf. id. 1, 5, 9; 2, 12, 3.—Hence, subst.: compŏsĭtum ( conp-), i, n., that which is agreed, an agreement, compact, etc.; only abl. in the phrases,
    (α).
    Ex composito, according to agreement, by agreement, in concert, Sall. H. 2, 12 Dietsch:

    tum ex composito orta vis,

    Liv. 1, 9, 10; 5, 14, 2; 36, 25, 1; 40, 48, 4; Suet. Claud. 37; Tac. H. 4, 66.—
    (β).
    De composito, by agreement, App. Mag. 1, p. 273; and,
    (γ).
    More rarely in the same sense, composito alone, Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 29; Nep. Dat. 6, 6; Verg. A. 2, 129.—Hence also adv.: compŏsĭtē ( conp-), in an orderly, regular, or skilful manner, orderly, regularly, properly (class. but rare;

    not in Quint.): ambulare,

    Col. 6, 2, 5:

    indutus,

    Gell. 1, 5, 2:

    composite et apte dicere,

    Cic. Or. 71, 236:

    composite, ornate, copiose eloqui,

    id. De Or. 1, 11, 48:

    composite atque magnifice casum reipublicae miserati,

    Sall. C. 51, 9:

    bene et composite disseruit,

    id. Ib. 52.— Comp.:

    compositius cuncta quam festinantius agerent,

    Tac. A. 15, 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > compono

  • 42 compositum

    com-pōno ( conp-), posui (COMPOSEIVERVNT, C. I. L. 1, 199, 2), positum (compostus, Plaut. Mil. 4, 7, 21 Lorenz; Verg. A. 1, 249; Lucil. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 171; Varr ap. Sen. Ep. 56, 6), 3, v. a., to put, place, lay, bring or set together, to unite, join, connect, collect, aggregate, compose, to order, arrange, adjust, etc. (class. and very freq.).
    I.
    In gen., of different objects.
    A. 1.
    Of things in gen.:

    aridum lignum,

    Hor. C. 3, 17, 14:

    composita fronde,

    Prop. 1, 20, 22:

    uvas in tecto in cratibus,

    Cato, R. R. 112, 2:

    in quo (loco) erant ea conposita, quibus rex te numerare constituerat,

    Cic. Deiot. 6, 17:

    (amomum) manipulatim leniter componitur,

    Plin. 12, 13, 28, § 48:

    amphoras in culleum,

    Cato, R. R. 113, 2:

    ligna in caminum,

    id. ib. 37, 5.—
    b.
    To bring into contact, fit together, join:

    quid... in operibus manu factis tam compositum tamque compactum et coagmentatum inveniri potest?

    Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 74: cum poclo bibo eodem, amplector, labra labellis conpono, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 260, 28:

    tum latus conponit lateri et cum pectore pectus,

    id. ib. p. 260, 30:

    conponens manibusque manus atque ori bus ora,

    Verg. A. 8, 486:

    Mercurio Sais fertur Virgineum conposuisse latus,

    Prop. 2, 2, 12; cf.

    caput,

    Tib. 1, 5, 8.—Hence, of broken limbs, etc., med. t. t., to set:

    ossa,

    Cels. 8, 10, 2:

    jugulum,

    id. 8, 8, 8 et saep.—
    c.
    Esp., to pack up for a journey, etc.:

    omnia composta sunt quae donavi,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 7, 21:

    i ergo intro et compone quae tecum simul Ferantur,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 5:

    dum tota domus raeda componitur una,

    Juv. 3, 10.—
    2.
    Of persons:

    is (Saturnus) genus indocile ac dispersum montibus altis Composuit,

    Verg. A. 8, 322:

    et tabula una duos poterit componere amantes,

    Prop. 2, 26, 33 (3, 22, 13); cf. II. C. 5. infra.—
    B.
    To set in opposition.
    1.
    To bring together in hostility, to oppose, to couple, pair, match in combat (cf. compositio, III.); esp. of gladiators, etc.: Samnis, spurcus homo, cum Pacideiano conponitur, optimus multo Post homines natos gladiator qui fuit unus, Lucil. Sat. ap. Non. p. 257, 18; cf. Cic. Opt. Gen. 6, 17:

    Rupili et Persi par pugnat, uti non Compositum melius cum Bitho Bacchius,

    Hor. S. 1, 7, 20 Orell. ad loc.:

    staturam habere Threcis cum Threce conpositi,

    Sen. Q. N. 4, praef. 8;

    and in gen.: si quis casus duos inter se bonos viros composuerit,

    Quint. 2, 17, 34:

    cuive virum mallem memet componere,

    Sil. 10, 70:

    componimur Vecordi Decio,

    id. 11, 212:

    hunc fatis,

    id. 1, 39:

    cum ventis, pelagique furentibus undis Composuit mortale genus,

    Luc. 3, 196;

    and fig.: pergis pugnantia secum Frontibus adversis componere,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 103:

    ecce par deo dignum, vir fortis cum fortuna mala conpositus,

    Sen. Prov. 1, 2, 9:

    non illa (rhetorice) secum ipsa componitur,

    Quint. 2, 17, 33;

    and of a judicial contest: accita Epicharis et cum indice composita,

    confronted, Tac. A. 15, 51; 16, 10.—
    2.
    To oppose by way of comparison, to compare, contrast.
    (α).
    With acc. and dat.: quid est, cur componere ausis mihi te aut me tibi? Att. ap. Non. p. 257, 15 (Trag. Rel. v. 147 Rib.):

    nec divis homines componier aequom'st,

    Cat. 68, 141: composita dicta evolvunt, Quae cum componas, dicta factis discrepant, Att. ap. Non. p. 260, 21 (Trag. Rel. v. 48 Rib.):

    si parva licet conponere magnis,

    Verg. G. 4, 176:

    parvis conponere magna solebam,

    id. E. 1, 23; Ov. M. 5, [p. 392] 416:

    audes cladi componere nostrae, Nympha, tuam?

    id. ib. 15, 530:

    divinis humana,

    Aus. Ecl. 1, 10.—
    (β).
    With acc. and cum:

    ubi Metelli dicta cum factis conposuit,

    Sall. J. 48, 1: causam suam cum causa adversarii. Quint. 7, 2, 22.
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    Of the parts of a whole, or of a whole as made up of parts.
    1. (α).
    With ex:

    exercitus ejus conpositus ex variis gentibus,

    Sall. J. 18, 3:

    genus humanum ex corpore et anima conpositum,

    id. ib. 2, 1:

    liber ex alienis orationibus compositus,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47:

    antidoton... ex multis atque interim contrariis quoque inter se effectibus,

    Quint. 1, 10, 6:

    ex quo (umore) componi debet (medicamentum),

    Cels. 6, 7, 1 fin.
    (β).
    With abl.:

    mensam gramine,

    Sil. 15, 51.—
    (γ).
    With acc. alone:

    medicamentum,

    Col. 6, 4, 1; Scrib. Comp. 10.—
    2.
    Esp., of buildings, etc., to construct, build:

    qui cuncta conposuit,

    i. e. the Creator, Cic. Univ. 13:

    urbem,

    Verg. A. 3, 387:

    illa (templa) deis,

    Ov. F. 1, 708 Burm. ad loc.:

    aggere conposito tumuli,

    Verg. A. 7, 6:

    deletas Thebas,

    Prop. 2, 6, 5.—
    3.
    Of words, to compound:

    vitilitigatores ex vitiis et litigatoribus, Plin. praef. § 32: verba composita (opp. simplicia),

    Quint. 1, 5, 3.—
    4.
    Of writings, speeches, etc.
    a.
    To compose, write, construct (very freq.):

    leges,

    Lucr. 4, 966:

    compone hoc, quod postulo, de argento: de reliquo videro,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 16, § 36:

    quartum librum,

    id. de Or. 2, 55, 224:

    libros,

    id. Fam. 16, 20; Plin. Ep. 9, 9, 1:

    libellos,

    Quint. 12, 8, 5:

    actiones,

    Cic. Att. 6, 1, 8; Quint. 11, 3, 68:

    argumentum,

    Cic. Att. 15, 4, 3:

    edictum eis verbis,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 45, § 116:

    edictum eorum arbitratu,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 46, §

    119: artes,

    books of instruction, id. Brut. 12, 48; id. Ac. 2, 13, 40:

    artificium,

    id. de Or. 2, 19, 83:

    commentarium consulatus mei,

    id. Att. 1, 19, 10; Quint. 1, 8, 19:

    quarum (litterarum) exemplum,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 20, 53:

    quandam disciplinae formulam,

    id. Ac. 1, 4, 17:

    stipulationum et judiciorum formulas,

    id. Leg. 1, 4, 14:

    interdictum,

    id. Caecin. 21, 59:

    poema,

    id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 77; Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 60:

    senatus consultum,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 22, 2:

    testimonium,

    id. Att. 15, 15, 1:

    verba ad religionem deorum immortalium,

    id. Dom. 47, 124:

    de judicialibus causis aliqua,

    Quint. 3, 6, 104:

    aliquid de ratione dicendi, id. prooem. 1: quae de ortu vitaque Scapulae composita erant,

    Tac. A. 16, 14:

    Apion... inmortalitate donari a se scripsit ad quos aliqua conponebat, Plin. praef. § 25: carmen,

    Cic. Mur. 12, 26:

    carmina,

    Tac. Or. 12; id. A. 3, 49:

    epistulas,

    id. ib. 2, 70:

    litteras nomine Marcelli,

    Liv. 27, 28, 4; Tac. A. 11, 20:

    orationem habere ad conciliandos plebis animos conpositam,

    Liv. 1, 35, 2:

    blanditias tremula voce,

    Tib. 1, 2, 91:

    meditata manu verba trementi,

    Ov. M. 9, 521:

    versus,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 8:

    mollem versum,

    Prop. 1, 7, 19:

    cantus,

    Tib. 1, 2, 53:

    in morem annalium,

    Tac. Or. 22:

    orationes adversus aliquem,

    id. ib. 37:

    litteras ad aliquem,

    id. A. 15, 8; 14, 22:

    probra in Gaium,

    id. ib. 6, 9;

    14, 50: multa et atrocia in Macronem,

    id. ib. 6, 44 (38) et saep.—
    b.
    Transf., of the subjects, etc., treated, to write about, treat, celebrate:

    tuas laudes,

    Tib. 4, 1, 35:

    res gestas,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 251:

    tempora Iliaca,

    Vell. 1, 3, 2:

    bellum Troicum,

    id. 1, 5, 3:

    Juli Africani vitam componendo, spem hominibus fecisti plurium ejus modi librorum,

    Tac. Or. 14:

    veteres populi Romani res,

    id. A. 4, 32:

    Neronis res,

    id. ib. 1, 1; 11, 11.—
    B.
    From the notion of closing.
    1.
    To put away, put aside, put in place:

    armamentis conplicandis, conponendis studuimus,

    i. e. folding up the sails and lowering the masts, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 80:

    (tempus) ad componenda armamenta expediendumque remigem,

    Liv. 26, 39, 8:

    vela contrahit malosque inclinat et simul armamenta componens, etc.,

    id. 36, 44, 2:

    arma,

    Hor. C. 4, 14, 52:

    tristes istos conpone libellos,

    put aside, Prop. 1, 9, 13.—
    2.
    To store up, put away, collect:

    nec... Aut conponere opes norant aut parcere parto,

    Verg. A. 8, 317:

    ego conposito securus acervo Despiciam dites,

    Tib. 1, 1, 77;

    so fig.: condo et compono quae mox depromere possim,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 12.— So esp. to preserve, pack, put up fruits, meat, etc., for future use:

    pernas,

    Cato, R. R. 162, 12:

    tergora (suis),

    Col. 12, 55, 2: siccatos coliculos, id. 12, 9, 1:

    caepam in fidelia,

    id. 12, 10, 2:

    herbas,

    id. 12, 13, 2:

    poma,

    id. 12, 47, 5:

    olivas,

    Pall. Nov. 22, 5:

    herbam olla nova,

    Scrib. Comp. 60:

    faenum,

    Dig. 19, 2, 11, § 4:

    fructus in urceis, capsellis,

    ib. 33, 7, 12, §1.—
    3.
    Of the ashes or remains of the dead, to adjust, lay out, to collect and inurn, inter, bury:

    tu mea conpones et dices, ossa, Properti, Haec tua sunt,

    Prop. 2, 24, 35 (3, 19, 19):

    cinerem,

    Ov. F. 3, 547:

    cinerem ossaque,

    Val. Fl. 7, 203:

    sic ego conponi versus in ossa velim,

    Tib. 3, 2, 26.—Hence, in gen., of persons, to bury:

    quem... prope cognatos conpositum cineres,

    Cat. 68, 98:

    omnes composui (meos),

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 28:

    compositi busta avi,

    Ov. F. 5, 426:

    Pisonem Verania uxor... T. Vinium Crispina filia composuere,

    Tac. H. 1, 47:

    componi tumulo eodem,

    Ov. M. 4, 157:

    toro Mortua componar,

    id. ib. 9, 504:

    alto Conpositus lecto,

    Pers. 3, 104:

    aliquem terra,

    Sil. 9, 95.—
    4. a.
    Of things: omnia noctis erant placida composta quiete, Varr. Atac. ap. Sen. Contr. 3, 16:

    cum mare compositum est,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 259:

    aquas,

    id. H. 13, 136:

    fessum tumentes Composuit pelagus ventis patientibus undas,

    Luc. 5, 702.—
    b.
    Of persons:

    nec vigilantibus, sed etiam quiete compositis,

    Quint. 11, 2, 5:

    ubi jam thalamis se conposuere,

    Verg. G. 4, 189:

    defessa membra,

    id. ib. 4, 438:

    si bene conpositus somno vinoque jacebit,

    Ov. Am. 1, 4, 53.—
    5.
    To end strife, confusion, etc., to compose, pacify, allay, settle, calm, appease, quiet, tranquillize, reconcile, etc., that which is disturbed or at variance.
    a.
    With personal object:

    aversos amicos,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 29:

    ceteros clementia,

    Tac. A. 12, 55:

    comitia praetorum,

    id. ib. 14, 28; id. H. 1, 85:

    juvenes concitatos,

    Quint. 1, 10, 32; cf.:

    barbarum animos,

    Tac. A. 14, 39:

    gentem,

    Sil. 17, 356.—Esp. of the mind:

    prima (pars philosophiae) conponit animum,

    Sen. Ep. 89, 9:

    argumentum conpositae mentis,

    id. ib. 2, 1; Cels. 3, 18; Sil. 11, 352:

    mentem somno,

    id. 3, 162:

    religio saevas componit mentis,

    id. 13, 317.—
    b.
    Of places, countries, etc.:

    C. Caesar componendae Armeniae deligitur,

    Tac. A. 2, 4:

    Campaniam,

    id. H. 4, 3:

    Daciam,

    id. ib. 3, 53.—
    c.
    With abstr. or indef. objects:

    si possum hoc inter vos conponere,

    Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 23; cf.:

    vides, inter nos sic haec potius cum bona Ut componamus gratia quam cum mala?

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17:

    gaudens conponi foedere bellum,

    Verg. A. 12, 109; so,

    bellum,

    Sall. J. 97, 2; Nep. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Vell. 2, 25, 1; Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:

    bella,

    Tac. A. 3, 56:

    cum vellet pro communi amico controversias regum componere,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 109:

    uti per colloquia omnes controversiae componantur,

    id. ib. 1, 9 fin.:

    curas,

    Verg. A. 4, 341; Sil. 12, 682:

    lites,

    Verg. E. 3, 108:

    seditionem civilem,

    Suet. Caes. 4:

    statum Orientis,

    id. Calig. 1:

    Romanus Ardeae turbatas seditione res... composuit,

    Liv. 4, 10, 6; 3, 53, 1:

    legatorum res et bello turbatas,

    id. 45, 16, 2:

    res Germanicas,

    Suet. Vit. 9:

    discordias,

    Tac. H. 4, 50:

    compositis praesentibus,

    id. A. 1, 45:

    odia et certamina,

    id. ib. 15, 2.—Less freq. transf., with the result as object:

    pacem componi volo Meo patri cum matre,

    Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 113:

    si pax cum Carthaginiensibus componi nequisset,

    Liv. 30, 40, 13:

    at me conposita pace fefellit Amor,

    Prop. 2, 2, 2:

    pax circa Brundusium composita,

    Vell. 2, 75, 3:

    pacem cum Pyrrho,

    Just. 18, 2, 6; cf. D. 2. infra.—
    d.
    Absol.:

    coheredes mei conponere et transigere cupiebant,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 1, 7; and so impers. pass.:

    posteaquam id quod maxime volui fieri non potuit, ut componeretur,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 136:

    Pompei summam esse... voluntatem, ut componeretur atque ab armis discederetur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 16.—
    C. 1.
    In gen., to arrange, adjust, order, set in order:

    aulaeis se superbis Aurea sponda, of one's attitude on a couch,

    Verg. A. 1, 697:

    ad ictum militaris gladii conposita cervice,

    Sen. Cons. Marc. 26, 2:

    diductis aedificia angulis vidimus moveri iterumque conponi,

    id. Q. N. 6, 30, 4:

    si ad rem pertinet, quomodo caelo adfecto conpositisque sideribus quodque animal oriatur,

    Cic. Div. 2, 47, 98:

    tibi enim gratias agebat, quod signa componenda suscepisses,

    id. Att. 4, 9, 1.—
    2.
    Esp., milit. t. t.:

    se ad confligendum, Sisenn. ap. Non p. 257, 13: exercitum in hibernaculis, Sali J. 103, 1: in secunda (acie) cohortis, id. H. inc. Fragm. 44 Dietsch: stabant conpositi suis quisque ordinibus (opp. incompositi),

    Liv. 44, 38, 11:

    conpositi numero in turmas,

    Verg. A. 11, 599:

    cunctos licentia vagos compositus invadit = compositis ordinibus,

    Tac. H. 4, 35:

    agmen,

    id. ib. 2, 89; 5, 1; id. A. 12, 16:

    ordines,

    id. H. 4, 33:

    vagos paventesque Vitellianos, sua quemque apud signa, componunt,

    id. ib. 3, 35:

    pugnae exercitum,

    id. A. 13, 40:

    auxilia in numerum legionis,

    id. ib. 2, 80 Nipp. ad loc.:

    equitem per turmas,

    id. ib. 15, 29:

    insidias in montibus,

    Just. 1, 3, 11.—
    3.
    Of the order of words in language: quam lepide lexeis compostae! ut tesserulae omnes Arte pavimento atque emblemate vermiculato, Lucil. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 171; id. ap. Cic. Or. 44, 149; cf. id. ib. sq.:

    ut aptior sit oratio, ipsa verba compone,

    id. Brut. 17, 68.—
    4.
    With reference to orderly appearance, etc., of the clothing, hair; the expression of the countenance, etc., to lay, smooth, adjust:

    suon quisque loco'st? Vide capillum, satin compositu'st commode?

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 97:

    composito et delibuto capillo,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 46, 135:

    comas,

    Ov. R. Am. 679:

    crines,

    Verg. G. 4, 417:

    ne turbarentur comae, quas componi, etc.,

    Quint. 11, 3, 148:

    togam,

    to lay in proper folds, Hor. S. 2, 3, 77; Quint. 11, 3, 156; cf.:

    nec tamen ante adiit... Quam se composuit, quam circumspexit amictus,

    Ov. M. 4, 318:

    pulvinum facili manu,

    id. A. A. 1, 160; cf.

    torum,

    id. F. 3, 484:

    jam libet componere voltus,

    id. M. 13, 767:

    vultu composito, ne laeti excessu principis, etc.,

    Tac. A. 1, 7; Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 5; cf.:

    (Tiberius) compositus ore,

    id. ib. 2, 34:

    vultum natura horridum... efferabat, componens ad speculum in omnem terrorem,

    distorting, Suet. Calig. 50.—
    5.
    In gen., to adjust, arrange, regulate, for the expression of something, or to accord with something; usu. ad aliquid:

    ad abstinentiam rursus, non secus ac modo ad balineum animum vultumque conposui,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 1, 6:

    orationis ipsius vultus ad id, quod efficere intendimus, compositus,

    Quint. 9, 1, 21:

    utraque manu ad modum aliquid portantium composita,

    id. 11, 3, 120:

    ge. stum oratoris ad similitudinem saltationis,

    id. 1, 11, 19:

    figuram ad imitationem alterius scripturae,

    id. 9, 2, 34:

    nec ad votum composita civitas,

    Tac. Or. 41:

    cuncta ad decorem inperi conposita,

    id. H. 1, 71:

    cunctis ad tristitiam conpositis,

    id. A. 3, 1. —Less freq. with dat.:

    voltus conponere famae Taedet,

    to adapt, Tib. 4, 7, 9:

    venturis carbasa ventis,

    Luc. 3, 596:

    me quoque mittendis rectum componite telis,

    id. 3, 717. —With in:

    Nero itinera urbis... veste servili in dissimulationem sui compositus pererrabat,

    disguised, made up, Tac. A. 13, 25. —
    D. (α).
    With acc.:

    ego itinera sic composueram, ut Nonis Quinctilibus Puteolis essem,

    Cic. Att. 15, 26, 3:

    quod adest memento Componere aequus,

    Hor. C. 3, 29, 33:

    conposita atque constituta re publica,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 18, 42:

    necdum compositis maturisve satis consiliis,

    Liv. 4, 13, 5:

    (diem) totum in consideranda causa componendaque posuisse,

    Cic. Brut. 22, 87:

    tempus in cognoscendis componendisque causis consumere,

    id. Or. 42, 143:

    ex sententia omnibus rebus paratis conpositisque,

    Sall. J. 43, 5; 94, 1:

    in senatu cuncta longis aliorum principatibus composita statim decernuntur,

    Tac. H. 2, 55:

    dum quae forent firmando Neronis imperio componuntur,

    id. A. 12, 68.—
    (β).
    With ad or in and acc. of the purpose for which, or the example according to which, etc.:

    cum alteri placeat auspicia ista ad utilitatem esse rei publicae conposita,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 13, 32:

    omnia ad voluptatem multitudinis inperitae,

    Quint. 10, 1, 43:

    animum ad omnes casus,

    id. 12, 9, 20; Val. Fl. 1, 321:

    satis igitur in hoc nos componet multa scribendi exercitatio,

    Quint. 9, 4, 114:

    cultum victumque non ad nova exempla conponere, sed ut majorum mores suadent,

    Sen. Tranq. 9, 2. —
    2. (α).
    In gen.: eum allegaverunt, suom qui servom diceret Cum auro esse apud me: conposita est fallacia, [p. 393] Ut, etc., Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 29:

    quin jam virginem Despondi: res composita'st,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 17:

    ita causa componitur, ut item palaestritae Bidini peterent ab Epicrate hereditatem,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 22, § 54:

    societatem praedarum cum latronibus conposuisse,

    Sall. H. 4, 11 Dietsch:

    crimen ab inimicis Romae conpositum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 61, § 141:

    conpositis inter se rebus,

    Sall. J. 66, 2:

    ita conposito dolo digrediuntur,

    id. ib. 111, 4:

    conposito jam consilio,

    Liv. 3, 53, 3: ceteri proditores ea quae composita erant exspectabant;

    convenerat autem, etc.,

    id. 25, 9, 8:

    sub noctem susurri Composita repetantur hora,

    Hor. C. 1, 9, 20:

    ictum jam foedus, et omnes Conpositae leges,

    Verg. A. 12, 315:

    compositis notis,

    Tib. 1, 2, 22:

    crimen ac dolum ultro,

    Tac. H. 1, 34:

    proditionem,

    id. ib. 2, 100:

    seditionem,

    id. ib. 4, 14:

    insidias,

    id. ib. 5, 22; id. A. 12, 54; 13, 47: pacem componere, v. B. 5. supra.—
    (β).
    With rel.-clause:

    cum summa concordia, quos dimitterent, quos retinerent, composuerunt,

    Liv. 40, 40, 14.—
    (γ).
    With inf.:

    ii, secretis conloquiis conponunt Gallos concire,

    Tac. A. 3, 40.—
    (δ).
    Pass. impers.:

    ut domi compositum cum Marcio erat,

    Liv. 2, 37, 1.—
    (ε).
    With ut and subj.:

    compositum inter ipsos ut Latiaris strueret dolum,

    Tac. A. 4, 68; cf. P. a. subst.
    3.
    In gen., to feign, invent, devise, contrive, in order to deceive or delude, etc.: composita dicta, Att. ap. Non. p. 260, 22 (Trag. Rel. v. 47 Rib.):

    ne tu istic hodie malo tuo conpositis mendaciis Advenisti,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 211:

    nec bene mendaci risus conponitur ore,

    Tib. 3, 6, 35 (3, 7, 3):

    sed vobis facile'st verba et conponere fraudes,

    Prop. 2, 9, 31:

    insidias in me conponis inanes,

    id. 2, 32 (3, 30), 19:

    compositas insidias fatoque evitatas ementitur,

    Tac. A. 13, 47:

    si haec fabulosa et composita videntur,

    id. Or. 12; id. Agr. 40:

    quae ut augendae famae composita, sic reliqua non in obscuro habentur,

    id. A. 15, 16; cf.:

    vetustatem, ut cetera, in majus conponentem altores Jovis celebravisse,

    exaggerating, Sall. H. 3, 60 Dietsch.— Part. perf. with in and acc., pretending, assuming the appearance or expression:

    (Domitianus) paratus simulatione, in adrogantiam compositus audiit preces,

    Tac. Agr. 42:

    is in maestitiam compositus,

    id. H. 2, 9; 1, 54:

    in securitatem,

    id. A. 3, 44.—Rarely with ad:

    tunc compositus ad maestitiam,

    Tac. A. 13, 20.— Hence, P. a.: compŏsĭtus ( - postus), a, um.
    A.
    Well-arranged, ordered, or constituted, orderly, regular:

    quae (injuria) dum foris sunt, nil videtur mundius, Nec magis compositum quicquam nec magis elegans,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 13: admiratus sum... sunchusin litterularum, quae solent tuae compositissimae et clarissimae esse, Cic. Att. 6, 9, 1:

    acrior impetu atque animis quam compositior ullo ordine pugna fuit,

    Liv. 28, 22, 13:

    intellegitur, etiamsi non adjecero, conpositum ordinatumque fore talem virum,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 8, 3:

    composita et quieta et beata respublica,

    Tac. Or. 36. —Of writings:

    quare in his quoque libris erant eadem aliqua... omnia vero compositiora et elaborata,

    Quint. 1, pr. § 8; cf.:

    illa quae curam fatentur et ficta atque composita videri etiam volunt,

    elaborate, id. 8, pr. § 23.— Transf., of the orator himself:

    si aut compositi oratoris bene structam collocationem dissolvas permutatione verborum,

    Cic. Or. 70, 232.—
    B.
    Fitly disposed for any purpose, prepared, apt, fit, adapted, qualified, suitable, ready:

    perficiam ut nemo umquam paratior, vigilantior, compositior ad judicium venisse videatur,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 11; so,

    equus bene natura compositus,

    Auct. Her. 4, 46, 59.— With ad or in and acc., or with dat.:

    arte quadam ab juventa in ostentationem (virtutum) compositus,

    Liv. 26, 19, 3 Weissenb. ad loc.:

    alius historiae magis idoneus, alius compositus ad carmen,

    Quint. 2, 8, 7:

    aeque in adulationem compositus (sacerdos),

    Curt. 4, 7, 26:

    (Attici) non maxime ad risum compositi,

    Quint. 6, 3, 18:

    natura atque arte compositus alliciendis etiam Muciani moribus,

    Tac. H. 2, 5.—
    C.
    Quiet, peaceful, undisturbed, calm, composed, unimpassioned, etc.:

    ut peractis quae agenda fuerint salvo jam et composito die possis ibi manere,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 2:

    lenis et nitidi et compositi generis amatores,

    Quint. 10, 1, 44:

    actio,

    id. 11, 3, 110:

    aetas,

    mature, sedate, Tac. A. 13, 1: adfectus mites atque compositi, Quint. 6, 2, 9:

    supercilium (opp. erectum),

    id. 11, 3, 74:

    repetitio eorum (civium) labefactabat compositam civitatem,

    Flor. 3, 23, 3.—
    D.
    Compound, composite, made up of parts (opp. simplex):

    verba,

    Quint. 1, 5, 3; 1, 6, 38; 7, 9, 5:

    voces,

    id. 1, 5, 65; cf. id. 1, 5, 9; 2, 12, 3.—Hence, subst.: compŏsĭtum ( conp-), i, n., that which is agreed, an agreement, compact, etc.; only abl. in the phrases,
    (α).
    Ex composito, according to agreement, by agreement, in concert, Sall. H. 2, 12 Dietsch:

    tum ex composito orta vis,

    Liv. 1, 9, 10; 5, 14, 2; 36, 25, 1; 40, 48, 4; Suet. Claud. 37; Tac. H. 4, 66.—
    (β).
    De composito, by agreement, App. Mag. 1, p. 273; and,
    (γ).
    More rarely in the same sense, composito alone, Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 29; Nep. Dat. 6, 6; Verg. A. 2, 129.—Hence also adv.: compŏsĭtē ( conp-), in an orderly, regular, or skilful manner, orderly, regularly, properly (class. but rare;

    not in Quint.): ambulare,

    Col. 6, 2, 5:

    indutus,

    Gell. 1, 5, 2:

    composite et apte dicere,

    Cic. Or. 71, 236:

    composite, ornate, copiose eloqui,

    id. De Or. 1, 11, 48:

    composite atque magnifice casum reipublicae miserati,

    Sall. C. 51, 9:

    bene et composite disseruit,

    id. Ib. 52.— Comp.:

    compositius cuncta quam festinantius agerent,

    Tac. A. 15, 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > compositum

  • 43 conpono

    com-pōno ( conp-), posui (COMPOSEIVERVNT, C. I. L. 1, 199, 2), positum (compostus, Plaut. Mil. 4, 7, 21 Lorenz; Verg. A. 1, 249; Lucil. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 171; Varr ap. Sen. Ep. 56, 6), 3, v. a., to put, place, lay, bring or set together, to unite, join, connect, collect, aggregate, compose, to order, arrange, adjust, etc. (class. and very freq.).
    I.
    In gen., of different objects.
    A. 1.
    Of things in gen.:

    aridum lignum,

    Hor. C. 3, 17, 14:

    composita fronde,

    Prop. 1, 20, 22:

    uvas in tecto in cratibus,

    Cato, R. R. 112, 2:

    in quo (loco) erant ea conposita, quibus rex te numerare constituerat,

    Cic. Deiot. 6, 17:

    (amomum) manipulatim leniter componitur,

    Plin. 12, 13, 28, § 48:

    amphoras in culleum,

    Cato, R. R. 113, 2:

    ligna in caminum,

    id. ib. 37, 5.—
    b.
    To bring into contact, fit together, join:

    quid... in operibus manu factis tam compositum tamque compactum et coagmentatum inveniri potest?

    Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 74: cum poclo bibo eodem, amplector, labra labellis conpono, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 260, 28:

    tum latus conponit lateri et cum pectore pectus,

    id. ib. p. 260, 30:

    conponens manibusque manus atque ori bus ora,

    Verg. A. 8, 486:

    Mercurio Sais fertur Virgineum conposuisse latus,

    Prop. 2, 2, 12; cf.

    caput,

    Tib. 1, 5, 8.—Hence, of broken limbs, etc., med. t. t., to set:

    ossa,

    Cels. 8, 10, 2:

    jugulum,

    id. 8, 8, 8 et saep.—
    c.
    Esp., to pack up for a journey, etc.:

    omnia composta sunt quae donavi,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 7, 21:

    i ergo intro et compone quae tecum simul Ferantur,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 5:

    dum tota domus raeda componitur una,

    Juv. 3, 10.—
    2.
    Of persons:

    is (Saturnus) genus indocile ac dispersum montibus altis Composuit,

    Verg. A. 8, 322:

    et tabula una duos poterit componere amantes,

    Prop. 2, 26, 33 (3, 22, 13); cf. II. C. 5. infra.—
    B.
    To set in opposition.
    1.
    To bring together in hostility, to oppose, to couple, pair, match in combat (cf. compositio, III.); esp. of gladiators, etc.: Samnis, spurcus homo, cum Pacideiano conponitur, optimus multo Post homines natos gladiator qui fuit unus, Lucil. Sat. ap. Non. p. 257, 18; cf. Cic. Opt. Gen. 6, 17:

    Rupili et Persi par pugnat, uti non Compositum melius cum Bitho Bacchius,

    Hor. S. 1, 7, 20 Orell. ad loc.:

    staturam habere Threcis cum Threce conpositi,

    Sen. Q. N. 4, praef. 8;

    and in gen.: si quis casus duos inter se bonos viros composuerit,

    Quint. 2, 17, 34:

    cuive virum mallem memet componere,

    Sil. 10, 70:

    componimur Vecordi Decio,

    id. 11, 212:

    hunc fatis,

    id. 1, 39:

    cum ventis, pelagique furentibus undis Composuit mortale genus,

    Luc. 3, 196;

    and fig.: pergis pugnantia secum Frontibus adversis componere,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 103:

    ecce par deo dignum, vir fortis cum fortuna mala conpositus,

    Sen. Prov. 1, 2, 9:

    non illa (rhetorice) secum ipsa componitur,

    Quint. 2, 17, 33;

    and of a judicial contest: accita Epicharis et cum indice composita,

    confronted, Tac. A. 15, 51; 16, 10.—
    2.
    To oppose by way of comparison, to compare, contrast.
    (α).
    With acc. and dat.: quid est, cur componere ausis mihi te aut me tibi? Att. ap. Non. p. 257, 15 (Trag. Rel. v. 147 Rib.):

    nec divis homines componier aequom'st,

    Cat. 68, 141: composita dicta evolvunt, Quae cum componas, dicta factis discrepant, Att. ap. Non. p. 260, 21 (Trag. Rel. v. 48 Rib.):

    si parva licet conponere magnis,

    Verg. G. 4, 176:

    parvis conponere magna solebam,

    id. E. 1, 23; Ov. M. 5, [p. 392] 416:

    audes cladi componere nostrae, Nympha, tuam?

    id. ib. 15, 530:

    divinis humana,

    Aus. Ecl. 1, 10.—
    (β).
    With acc. and cum:

    ubi Metelli dicta cum factis conposuit,

    Sall. J. 48, 1: causam suam cum causa adversarii. Quint. 7, 2, 22.
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    Of the parts of a whole, or of a whole as made up of parts.
    1. (α).
    With ex:

    exercitus ejus conpositus ex variis gentibus,

    Sall. J. 18, 3:

    genus humanum ex corpore et anima conpositum,

    id. ib. 2, 1:

    liber ex alienis orationibus compositus,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47:

    antidoton... ex multis atque interim contrariis quoque inter se effectibus,

    Quint. 1, 10, 6:

    ex quo (umore) componi debet (medicamentum),

    Cels. 6, 7, 1 fin.
    (β).
    With abl.:

    mensam gramine,

    Sil. 15, 51.—
    (γ).
    With acc. alone:

    medicamentum,

    Col. 6, 4, 1; Scrib. Comp. 10.—
    2.
    Esp., of buildings, etc., to construct, build:

    qui cuncta conposuit,

    i. e. the Creator, Cic. Univ. 13:

    urbem,

    Verg. A. 3, 387:

    illa (templa) deis,

    Ov. F. 1, 708 Burm. ad loc.:

    aggere conposito tumuli,

    Verg. A. 7, 6:

    deletas Thebas,

    Prop. 2, 6, 5.—
    3.
    Of words, to compound:

    vitilitigatores ex vitiis et litigatoribus, Plin. praef. § 32: verba composita (opp. simplicia),

    Quint. 1, 5, 3.—
    4.
    Of writings, speeches, etc.
    a.
    To compose, write, construct (very freq.):

    leges,

    Lucr. 4, 966:

    compone hoc, quod postulo, de argento: de reliquo videro,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 16, § 36:

    quartum librum,

    id. de Or. 2, 55, 224:

    libros,

    id. Fam. 16, 20; Plin. Ep. 9, 9, 1:

    libellos,

    Quint. 12, 8, 5:

    actiones,

    Cic. Att. 6, 1, 8; Quint. 11, 3, 68:

    argumentum,

    Cic. Att. 15, 4, 3:

    edictum eis verbis,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 45, § 116:

    edictum eorum arbitratu,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 46, §

    119: artes,

    books of instruction, id. Brut. 12, 48; id. Ac. 2, 13, 40:

    artificium,

    id. de Or. 2, 19, 83:

    commentarium consulatus mei,

    id. Att. 1, 19, 10; Quint. 1, 8, 19:

    quarum (litterarum) exemplum,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 20, 53:

    quandam disciplinae formulam,

    id. Ac. 1, 4, 17:

    stipulationum et judiciorum formulas,

    id. Leg. 1, 4, 14:

    interdictum,

    id. Caecin. 21, 59:

    poema,

    id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 77; Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 60:

    senatus consultum,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 22, 2:

    testimonium,

    id. Att. 15, 15, 1:

    verba ad religionem deorum immortalium,

    id. Dom. 47, 124:

    de judicialibus causis aliqua,

    Quint. 3, 6, 104:

    aliquid de ratione dicendi, id. prooem. 1: quae de ortu vitaque Scapulae composita erant,

    Tac. A. 16, 14:

    Apion... inmortalitate donari a se scripsit ad quos aliqua conponebat, Plin. praef. § 25: carmen,

    Cic. Mur. 12, 26:

    carmina,

    Tac. Or. 12; id. A. 3, 49:

    epistulas,

    id. ib. 2, 70:

    litteras nomine Marcelli,

    Liv. 27, 28, 4; Tac. A. 11, 20:

    orationem habere ad conciliandos plebis animos conpositam,

    Liv. 1, 35, 2:

    blanditias tremula voce,

    Tib. 1, 2, 91:

    meditata manu verba trementi,

    Ov. M. 9, 521:

    versus,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 8:

    mollem versum,

    Prop. 1, 7, 19:

    cantus,

    Tib. 1, 2, 53:

    in morem annalium,

    Tac. Or. 22:

    orationes adversus aliquem,

    id. ib. 37:

    litteras ad aliquem,

    id. A. 15, 8; 14, 22:

    probra in Gaium,

    id. ib. 6, 9;

    14, 50: multa et atrocia in Macronem,

    id. ib. 6, 44 (38) et saep.—
    b.
    Transf., of the subjects, etc., treated, to write about, treat, celebrate:

    tuas laudes,

    Tib. 4, 1, 35:

    res gestas,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 251:

    tempora Iliaca,

    Vell. 1, 3, 2:

    bellum Troicum,

    id. 1, 5, 3:

    Juli Africani vitam componendo, spem hominibus fecisti plurium ejus modi librorum,

    Tac. Or. 14:

    veteres populi Romani res,

    id. A. 4, 32:

    Neronis res,

    id. ib. 1, 1; 11, 11.—
    B.
    From the notion of closing.
    1.
    To put away, put aside, put in place:

    armamentis conplicandis, conponendis studuimus,

    i. e. folding up the sails and lowering the masts, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 80:

    (tempus) ad componenda armamenta expediendumque remigem,

    Liv. 26, 39, 8:

    vela contrahit malosque inclinat et simul armamenta componens, etc.,

    id. 36, 44, 2:

    arma,

    Hor. C. 4, 14, 52:

    tristes istos conpone libellos,

    put aside, Prop. 1, 9, 13.—
    2.
    To store up, put away, collect:

    nec... Aut conponere opes norant aut parcere parto,

    Verg. A. 8, 317:

    ego conposito securus acervo Despiciam dites,

    Tib. 1, 1, 77;

    so fig.: condo et compono quae mox depromere possim,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 12.— So esp. to preserve, pack, put up fruits, meat, etc., for future use:

    pernas,

    Cato, R. R. 162, 12:

    tergora (suis),

    Col. 12, 55, 2: siccatos coliculos, id. 12, 9, 1:

    caepam in fidelia,

    id. 12, 10, 2:

    herbas,

    id. 12, 13, 2:

    poma,

    id. 12, 47, 5:

    olivas,

    Pall. Nov. 22, 5:

    herbam olla nova,

    Scrib. Comp. 60:

    faenum,

    Dig. 19, 2, 11, § 4:

    fructus in urceis, capsellis,

    ib. 33, 7, 12, §1.—
    3.
    Of the ashes or remains of the dead, to adjust, lay out, to collect and inurn, inter, bury:

    tu mea conpones et dices, ossa, Properti, Haec tua sunt,

    Prop. 2, 24, 35 (3, 19, 19):

    cinerem,

    Ov. F. 3, 547:

    cinerem ossaque,

    Val. Fl. 7, 203:

    sic ego conponi versus in ossa velim,

    Tib. 3, 2, 26.—Hence, in gen., of persons, to bury:

    quem... prope cognatos conpositum cineres,

    Cat. 68, 98:

    omnes composui (meos),

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 28:

    compositi busta avi,

    Ov. F. 5, 426:

    Pisonem Verania uxor... T. Vinium Crispina filia composuere,

    Tac. H. 1, 47:

    componi tumulo eodem,

    Ov. M. 4, 157:

    toro Mortua componar,

    id. ib. 9, 504:

    alto Conpositus lecto,

    Pers. 3, 104:

    aliquem terra,

    Sil. 9, 95.—
    4. a.
    Of things: omnia noctis erant placida composta quiete, Varr. Atac. ap. Sen. Contr. 3, 16:

    cum mare compositum est,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 259:

    aquas,

    id. H. 13, 136:

    fessum tumentes Composuit pelagus ventis patientibus undas,

    Luc. 5, 702.—
    b.
    Of persons:

    nec vigilantibus, sed etiam quiete compositis,

    Quint. 11, 2, 5:

    ubi jam thalamis se conposuere,

    Verg. G. 4, 189:

    defessa membra,

    id. ib. 4, 438:

    si bene conpositus somno vinoque jacebit,

    Ov. Am. 1, 4, 53.—
    5.
    To end strife, confusion, etc., to compose, pacify, allay, settle, calm, appease, quiet, tranquillize, reconcile, etc., that which is disturbed or at variance.
    a.
    With personal object:

    aversos amicos,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 29:

    ceteros clementia,

    Tac. A. 12, 55:

    comitia praetorum,

    id. ib. 14, 28; id. H. 1, 85:

    juvenes concitatos,

    Quint. 1, 10, 32; cf.:

    barbarum animos,

    Tac. A. 14, 39:

    gentem,

    Sil. 17, 356.—Esp. of the mind:

    prima (pars philosophiae) conponit animum,

    Sen. Ep. 89, 9:

    argumentum conpositae mentis,

    id. ib. 2, 1; Cels. 3, 18; Sil. 11, 352:

    mentem somno,

    id. 3, 162:

    religio saevas componit mentis,

    id. 13, 317.—
    b.
    Of places, countries, etc.:

    C. Caesar componendae Armeniae deligitur,

    Tac. A. 2, 4:

    Campaniam,

    id. H. 4, 3:

    Daciam,

    id. ib. 3, 53.—
    c.
    With abstr. or indef. objects:

    si possum hoc inter vos conponere,

    Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 23; cf.:

    vides, inter nos sic haec potius cum bona Ut componamus gratia quam cum mala?

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17:

    gaudens conponi foedere bellum,

    Verg. A. 12, 109; so,

    bellum,

    Sall. J. 97, 2; Nep. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Vell. 2, 25, 1; Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:

    bella,

    Tac. A. 3, 56:

    cum vellet pro communi amico controversias regum componere,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 109:

    uti per colloquia omnes controversiae componantur,

    id. ib. 1, 9 fin.:

    curas,

    Verg. A. 4, 341; Sil. 12, 682:

    lites,

    Verg. E. 3, 108:

    seditionem civilem,

    Suet. Caes. 4:

    statum Orientis,

    id. Calig. 1:

    Romanus Ardeae turbatas seditione res... composuit,

    Liv. 4, 10, 6; 3, 53, 1:

    legatorum res et bello turbatas,

    id. 45, 16, 2:

    res Germanicas,

    Suet. Vit. 9:

    discordias,

    Tac. H. 4, 50:

    compositis praesentibus,

    id. A. 1, 45:

    odia et certamina,

    id. ib. 15, 2.—Less freq. transf., with the result as object:

    pacem componi volo Meo patri cum matre,

    Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 113:

    si pax cum Carthaginiensibus componi nequisset,

    Liv. 30, 40, 13:

    at me conposita pace fefellit Amor,

    Prop. 2, 2, 2:

    pax circa Brundusium composita,

    Vell. 2, 75, 3:

    pacem cum Pyrrho,

    Just. 18, 2, 6; cf. D. 2. infra.—
    d.
    Absol.:

    coheredes mei conponere et transigere cupiebant,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 1, 7; and so impers. pass.:

    posteaquam id quod maxime volui fieri non potuit, ut componeretur,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 136:

    Pompei summam esse... voluntatem, ut componeretur atque ab armis discederetur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 16.—
    C. 1.
    In gen., to arrange, adjust, order, set in order:

    aulaeis se superbis Aurea sponda, of one's attitude on a couch,

    Verg. A. 1, 697:

    ad ictum militaris gladii conposita cervice,

    Sen. Cons. Marc. 26, 2:

    diductis aedificia angulis vidimus moveri iterumque conponi,

    id. Q. N. 6, 30, 4:

    si ad rem pertinet, quomodo caelo adfecto conpositisque sideribus quodque animal oriatur,

    Cic. Div. 2, 47, 98:

    tibi enim gratias agebat, quod signa componenda suscepisses,

    id. Att. 4, 9, 1.—
    2.
    Esp., milit. t. t.:

    se ad confligendum, Sisenn. ap. Non p. 257, 13: exercitum in hibernaculis, Sali J. 103, 1: in secunda (acie) cohortis, id. H. inc. Fragm. 44 Dietsch: stabant conpositi suis quisque ordinibus (opp. incompositi),

    Liv. 44, 38, 11:

    conpositi numero in turmas,

    Verg. A. 11, 599:

    cunctos licentia vagos compositus invadit = compositis ordinibus,

    Tac. H. 4, 35:

    agmen,

    id. ib. 2, 89; 5, 1; id. A. 12, 16:

    ordines,

    id. H. 4, 33:

    vagos paventesque Vitellianos, sua quemque apud signa, componunt,

    id. ib. 3, 35:

    pugnae exercitum,

    id. A. 13, 40:

    auxilia in numerum legionis,

    id. ib. 2, 80 Nipp. ad loc.:

    equitem per turmas,

    id. ib. 15, 29:

    insidias in montibus,

    Just. 1, 3, 11.—
    3.
    Of the order of words in language: quam lepide lexeis compostae! ut tesserulae omnes Arte pavimento atque emblemate vermiculato, Lucil. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 171; id. ap. Cic. Or. 44, 149; cf. id. ib. sq.:

    ut aptior sit oratio, ipsa verba compone,

    id. Brut. 17, 68.—
    4.
    With reference to orderly appearance, etc., of the clothing, hair; the expression of the countenance, etc., to lay, smooth, adjust:

    suon quisque loco'st? Vide capillum, satin compositu'st commode?

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 97:

    composito et delibuto capillo,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 46, 135:

    comas,

    Ov. R. Am. 679:

    crines,

    Verg. G. 4, 417:

    ne turbarentur comae, quas componi, etc.,

    Quint. 11, 3, 148:

    togam,

    to lay in proper folds, Hor. S. 2, 3, 77; Quint. 11, 3, 156; cf.:

    nec tamen ante adiit... Quam se composuit, quam circumspexit amictus,

    Ov. M. 4, 318:

    pulvinum facili manu,

    id. A. A. 1, 160; cf.

    torum,

    id. F. 3, 484:

    jam libet componere voltus,

    id. M. 13, 767:

    vultu composito, ne laeti excessu principis, etc.,

    Tac. A. 1, 7; Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 5; cf.:

    (Tiberius) compositus ore,

    id. ib. 2, 34:

    vultum natura horridum... efferabat, componens ad speculum in omnem terrorem,

    distorting, Suet. Calig. 50.—
    5.
    In gen., to adjust, arrange, regulate, for the expression of something, or to accord with something; usu. ad aliquid:

    ad abstinentiam rursus, non secus ac modo ad balineum animum vultumque conposui,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 1, 6:

    orationis ipsius vultus ad id, quod efficere intendimus, compositus,

    Quint. 9, 1, 21:

    utraque manu ad modum aliquid portantium composita,

    id. 11, 3, 120:

    ge. stum oratoris ad similitudinem saltationis,

    id. 1, 11, 19:

    figuram ad imitationem alterius scripturae,

    id. 9, 2, 34:

    nec ad votum composita civitas,

    Tac. Or. 41:

    cuncta ad decorem inperi conposita,

    id. H. 1, 71:

    cunctis ad tristitiam conpositis,

    id. A. 3, 1. —Less freq. with dat.:

    voltus conponere famae Taedet,

    to adapt, Tib. 4, 7, 9:

    venturis carbasa ventis,

    Luc. 3, 596:

    me quoque mittendis rectum componite telis,

    id. 3, 717. —With in:

    Nero itinera urbis... veste servili in dissimulationem sui compositus pererrabat,

    disguised, made up, Tac. A. 13, 25. —
    D. (α).
    With acc.:

    ego itinera sic composueram, ut Nonis Quinctilibus Puteolis essem,

    Cic. Att. 15, 26, 3:

    quod adest memento Componere aequus,

    Hor. C. 3, 29, 33:

    conposita atque constituta re publica,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 18, 42:

    necdum compositis maturisve satis consiliis,

    Liv. 4, 13, 5:

    (diem) totum in consideranda causa componendaque posuisse,

    Cic. Brut. 22, 87:

    tempus in cognoscendis componendisque causis consumere,

    id. Or. 42, 143:

    ex sententia omnibus rebus paratis conpositisque,

    Sall. J. 43, 5; 94, 1:

    in senatu cuncta longis aliorum principatibus composita statim decernuntur,

    Tac. H. 2, 55:

    dum quae forent firmando Neronis imperio componuntur,

    id. A. 12, 68.—
    (β).
    With ad or in and acc. of the purpose for which, or the example according to which, etc.:

    cum alteri placeat auspicia ista ad utilitatem esse rei publicae conposita,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 13, 32:

    omnia ad voluptatem multitudinis inperitae,

    Quint. 10, 1, 43:

    animum ad omnes casus,

    id. 12, 9, 20; Val. Fl. 1, 321:

    satis igitur in hoc nos componet multa scribendi exercitatio,

    Quint. 9, 4, 114:

    cultum victumque non ad nova exempla conponere, sed ut majorum mores suadent,

    Sen. Tranq. 9, 2. —
    2. (α).
    In gen.: eum allegaverunt, suom qui servom diceret Cum auro esse apud me: conposita est fallacia, [p. 393] Ut, etc., Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 29:

    quin jam virginem Despondi: res composita'st,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 17:

    ita causa componitur, ut item palaestritae Bidini peterent ab Epicrate hereditatem,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 22, § 54:

    societatem praedarum cum latronibus conposuisse,

    Sall. H. 4, 11 Dietsch:

    crimen ab inimicis Romae conpositum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 61, § 141:

    conpositis inter se rebus,

    Sall. J. 66, 2:

    ita conposito dolo digrediuntur,

    id. ib. 111, 4:

    conposito jam consilio,

    Liv. 3, 53, 3: ceteri proditores ea quae composita erant exspectabant;

    convenerat autem, etc.,

    id. 25, 9, 8:

    sub noctem susurri Composita repetantur hora,

    Hor. C. 1, 9, 20:

    ictum jam foedus, et omnes Conpositae leges,

    Verg. A. 12, 315:

    compositis notis,

    Tib. 1, 2, 22:

    crimen ac dolum ultro,

    Tac. H. 1, 34:

    proditionem,

    id. ib. 2, 100:

    seditionem,

    id. ib. 4, 14:

    insidias,

    id. ib. 5, 22; id. A. 12, 54; 13, 47: pacem componere, v. B. 5. supra.—
    (β).
    With rel.-clause:

    cum summa concordia, quos dimitterent, quos retinerent, composuerunt,

    Liv. 40, 40, 14.—
    (γ).
    With inf.:

    ii, secretis conloquiis conponunt Gallos concire,

    Tac. A. 3, 40.—
    (δ).
    Pass. impers.:

    ut domi compositum cum Marcio erat,

    Liv. 2, 37, 1.—
    (ε).
    With ut and subj.:

    compositum inter ipsos ut Latiaris strueret dolum,

    Tac. A. 4, 68; cf. P. a. subst.
    3.
    In gen., to feign, invent, devise, contrive, in order to deceive or delude, etc.: composita dicta, Att. ap. Non. p. 260, 22 (Trag. Rel. v. 47 Rib.):

    ne tu istic hodie malo tuo conpositis mendaciis Advenisti,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 211:

    nec bene mendaci risus conponitur ore,

    Tib. 3, 6, 35 (3, 7, 3):

    sed vobis facile'st verba et conponere fraudes,

    Prop. 2, 9, 31:

    insidias in me conponis inanes,

    id. 2, 32 (3, 30), 19:

    compositas insidias fatoque evitatas ementitur,

    Tac. A. 13, 47:

    si haec fabulosa et composita videntur,

    id. Or. 12; id. Agr. 40:

    quae ut augendae famae composita, sic reliqua non in obscuro habentur,

    id. A. 15, 16; cf.:

    vetustatem, ut cetera, in majus conponentem altores Jovis celebravisse,

    exaggerating, Sall. H. 3, 60 Dietsch.— Part. perf. with in and acc., pretending, assuming the appearance or expression:

    (Domitianus) paratus simulatione, in adrogantiam compositus audiit preces,

    Tac. Agr. 42:

    is in maestitiam compositus,

    id. H. 2, 9; 1, 54:

    in securitatem,

    id. A. 3, 44.—Rarely with ad:

    tunc compositus ad maestitiam,

    Tac. A. 13, 20.— Hence, P. a.: compŏsĭtus ( - postus), a, um.
    A.
    Well-arranged, ordered, or constituted, orderly, regular:

    quae (injuria) dum foris sunt, nil videtur mundius, Nec magis compositum quicquam nec magis elegans,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 13: admiratus sum... sunchusin litterularum, quae solent tuae compositissimae et clarissimae esse, Cic. Att. 6, 9, 1:

    acrior impetu atque animis quam compositior ullo ordine pugna fuit,

    Liv. 28, 22, 13:

    intellegitur, etiamsi non adjecero, conpositum ordinatumque fore talem virum,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 8, 3:

    composita et quieta et beata respublica,

    Tac. Or. 36. —Of writings:

    quare in his quoque libris erant eadem aliqua... omnia vero compositiora et elaborata,

    Quint. 1, pr. § 8; cf.:

    illa quae curam fatentur et ficta atque composita videri etiam volunt,

    elaborate, id. 8, pr. § 23.— Transf., of the orator himself:

    si aut compositi oratoris bene structam collocationem dissolvas permutatione verborum,

    Cic. Or. 70, 232.—
    B.
    Fitly disposed for any purpose, prepared, apt, fit, adapted, qualified, suitable, ready:

    perficiam ut nemo umquam paratior, vigilantior, compositior ad judicium venisse videatur,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 11; so,

    equus bene natura compositus,

    Auct. Her. 4, 46, 59.— With ad or in and acc., or with dat.:

    arte quadam ab juventa in ostentationem (virtutum) compositus,

    Liv. 26, 19, 3 Weissenb. ad loc.:

    alius historiae magis idoneus, alius compositus ad carmen,

    Quint. 2, 8, 7:

    aeque in adulationem compositus (sacerdos),

    Curt. 4, 7, 26:

    (Attici) non maxime ad risum compositi,

    Quint. 6, 3, 18:

    natura atque arte compositus alliciendis etiam Muciani moribus,

    Tac. H. 2, 5.—
    C.
    Quiet, peaceful, undisturbed, calm, composed, unimpassioned, etc.:

    ut peractis quae agenda fuerint salvo jam et composito die possis ibi manere,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 2:

    lenis et nitidi et compositi generis amatores,

    Quint. 10, 1, 44:

    actio,

    id. 11, 3, 110:

    aetas,

    mature, sedate, Tac. A. 13, 1: adfectus mites atque compositi, Quint. 6, 2, 9:

    supercilium (opp. erectum),

    id. 11, 3, 74:

    repetitio eorum (civium) labefactabat compositam civitatem,

    Flor. 3, 23, 3.—
    D.
    Compound, composite, made up of parts (opp. simplex):

    verba,

    Quint. 1, 5, 3; 1, 6, 38; 7, 9, 5:

    voces,

    id. 1, 5, 65; cf. id. 1, 5, 9; 2, 12, 3.—Hence, subst.: compŏsĭtum ( conp-), i, n., that which is agreed, an agreement, compact, etc.; only abl. in the phrases,
    (α).
    Ex composito, according to agreement, by agreement, in concert, Sall. H. 2, 12 Dietsch:

    tum ex composito orta vis,

    Liv. 1, 9, 10; 5, 14, 2; 36, 25, 1; 40, 48, 4; Suet. Claud. 37; Tac. H. 4, 66.—
    (β).
    De composito, by agreement, App. Mag. 1, p. 273; and,
    (γ).
    More rarely in the same sense, composito alone, Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 29; Nep. Dat. 6, 6; Verg. A. 2, 129.—Hence also adv.: compŏsĭtē ( conp-), in an orderly, regular, or skilful manner, orderly, regularly, properly (class. but rare;

    not in Quint.): ambulare,

    Col. 6, 2, 5:

    indutus,

    Gell. 1, 5, 2:

    composite et apte dicere,

    Cic. Or. 71, 236:

    composite, ornate, copiose eloqui,

    id. De Or. 1, 11, 48:

    composite atque magnifice casum reipublicae miserati,

    Sall. C. 51, 9:

    bene et composite disseruit,

    id. Ib. 52.— Comp.:

    compositius cuncta quam festinantius agerent,

    Tac. A. 15, 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > conpono

  • 44 conposite

    com-pōno ( conp-), posui (COMPOSEIVERVNT, C. I. L. 1, 199, 2), positum (compostus, Plaut. Mil. 4, 7, 21 Lorenz; Verg. A. 1, 249; Lucil. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 171; Varr ap. Sen. Ep. 56, 6), 3, v. a., to put, place, lay, bring or set together, to unite, join, connect, collect, aggregate, compose, to order, arrange, adjust, etc. (class. and very freq.).
    I.
    In gen., of different objects.
    A. 1.
    Of things in gen.:

    aridum lignum,

    Hor. C. 3, 17, 14:

    composita fronde,

    Prop. 1, 20, 22:

    uvas in tecto in cratibus,

    Cato, R. R. 112, 2:

    in quo (loco) erant ea conposita, quibus rex te numerare constituerat,

    Cic. Deiot. 6, 17:

    (amomum) manipulatim leniter componitur,

    Plin. 12, 13, 28, § 48:

    amphoras in culleum,

    Cato, R. R. 113, 2:

    ligna in caminum,

    id. ib. 37, 5.—
    b.
    To bring into contact, fit together, join:

    quid... in operibus manu factis tam compositum tamque compactum et coagmentatum inveniri potest?

    Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 74: cum poclo bibo eodem, amplector, labra labellis conpono, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 260, 28:

    tum latus conponit lateri et cum pectore pectus,

    id. ib. p. 260, 30:

    conponens manibusque manus atque ori bus ora,

    Verg. A. 8, 486:

    Mercurio Sais fertur Virgineum conposuisse latus,

    Prop. 2, 2, 12; cf.

    caput,

    Tib. 1, 5, 8.—Hence, of broken limbs, etc., med. t. t., to set:

    ossa,

    Cels. 8, 10, 2:

    jugulum,

    id. 8, 8, 8 et saep.—
    c.
    Esp., to pack up for a journey, etc.:

    omnia composta sunt quae donavi,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 7, 21:

    i ergo intro et compone quae tecum simul Ferantur,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 5:

    dum tota domus raeda componitur una,

    Juv. 3, 10.—
    2.
    Of persons:

    is (Saturnus) genus indocile ac dispersum montibus altis Composuit,

    Verg. A. 8, 322:

    et tabula una duos poterit componere amantes,

    Prop. 2, 26, 33 (3, 22, 13); cf. II. C. 5. infra.—
    B.
    To set in opposition.
    1.
    To bring together in hostility, to oppose, to couple, pair, match in combat (cf. compositio, III.); esp. of gladiators, etc.: Samnis, spurcus homo, cum Pacideiano conponitur, optimus multo Post homines natos gladiator qui fuit unus, Lucil. Sat. ap. Non. p. 257, 18; cf. Cic. Opt. Gen. 6, 17:

    Rupili et Persi par pugnat, uti non Compositum melius cum Bitho Bacchius,

    Hor. S. 1, 7, 20 Orell. ad loc.:

    staturam habere Threcis cum Threce conpositi,

    Sen. Q. N. 4, praef. 8;

    and in gen.: si quis casus duos inter se bonos viros composuerit,

    Quint. 2, 17, 34:

    cuive virum mallem memet componere,

    Sil. 10, 70:

    componimur Vecordi Decio,

    id. 11, 212:

    hunc fatis,

    id. 1, 39:

    cum ventis, pelagique furentibus undis Composuit mortale genus,

    Luc. 3, 196;

    and fig.: pergis pugnantia secum Frontibus adversis componere,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 103:

    ecce par deo dignum, vir fortis cum fortuna mala conpositus,

    Sen. Prov. 1, 2, 9:

    non illa (rhetorice) secum ipsa componitur,

    Quint. 2, 17, 33;

    and of a judicial contest: accita Epicharis et cum indice composita,

    confronted, Tac. A. 15, 51; 16, 10.—
    2.
    To oppose by way of comparison, to compare, contrast.
    (α).
    With acc. and dat.: quid est, cur componere ausis mihi te aut me tibi? Att. ap. Non. p. 257, 15 (Trag. Rel. v. 147 Rib.):

    nec divis homines componier aequom'st,

    Cat. 68, 141: composita dicta evolvunt, Quae cum componas, dicta factis discrepant, Att. ap. Non. p. 260, 21 (Trag. Rel. v. 48 Rib.):

    si parva licet conponere magnis,

    Verg. G. 4, 176:

    parvis conponere magna solebam,

    id. E. 1, 23; Ov. M. 5, [p. 392] 416:

    audes cladi componere nostrae, Nympha, tuam?

    id. ib. 15, 530:

    divinis humana,

    Aus. Ecl. 1, 10.—
    (β).
    With acc. and cum:

    ubi Metelli dicta cum factis conposuit,

    Sall. J. 48, 1: causam suam cum causa adversarii. Quint. 7, 2, 22.
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    Of the parts of a whole, or of a whole as made up of parts.
    1. (α).
    With ex:

    exercitus ejus conpositus ex variis gentibus,

    Sall. J. 18, 3:

    genus humanum ex corpore et anima conpositum,

    id. ib. 2, 1:

    liber ex alienis orationibus compositus,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47:

    antidoton... ex multis atque interim contrariis quoque inter se effectibus,

    Quint. 1, 10, 6:

    ex quo (umore) componi debet (medicamentum),

    Cels. 6, 7, 1 fin.
    (β).
    With abl.:

    mensam gramine,

    Sil. 15, 51.—
    (γ).
    With acc. alone:

    medicamentum,

    Col. 6, 4, 1; Scrib. Comp. 10.—
    2.
    Esp., of buildings, etc., to construct, build:

    qui cuncta conposuit,

    i. e. the Creator, Cic. Univ. 13:

    urbem,

    Verg. A. 3, 387:

    illa (templa) deis,

    Ov. F. 1, 708 Burm. ad loc.:

    aggere conposito tumuli,

    Verg. A. 7, 6:

    deletas Thebas,

    Prop. 2, 6, 5.—
    3.
    Of words, to compound:

    vitilitigatores ex vitiis et litigatoribus, Plin. praef. § 32: verba composita (opp. simplicia),

    Quint. 1, 5, 3.—
    4.
    Of writings, speeches, etc.
    a.
    To compose, write, construct (very freq.):

    leges,

    Lucr. 4, 966:

    compone hoc, quod postulo, de argento: de reliquo videro,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 16, § 36:

    quartum librum,

    id. de Or. 2, 55, 224:

    libros,

    id. Fam. 16, 20; Plin. Ep. 9, 9, 1:

    libellos,

    Quint. 12, 8, 5:

    actiones,

    Cic. Att. 6, 1, 8; Quint. 11, 3, 68:

    argumentum,

    Cic. Att. 15, 4, 3:

    edictum eis verbis,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 45, § 116:

    edictum eorum arbitratu,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 46, §

    119: artes,

    books of instruction, id. Brut. 12, 48; id. Ac. 2, 13, 40:

    artificium,

    id. de Or. 2, 19, 83:

    commentarium consulatus mei,

    id. Att. 1, 19, 10; Quint. 1, 8, 19:

    quarum (litterarum) exemplum,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 20, 53:

    quandam disciplinae formulam,

    id. Ac. 1, 4, 17:

    stipulationum et judiciorum formulas,

    id. Leg. 1, 4, 14:

    interdictum,

    id. Caecin. 21, 59:

    poema,

    id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 77; Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 60:

    senatus consultum,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 22, 2:

    testimonium,

    id. Att. 15, 15, 1:

    verba ad religionem deorum immortalium,

    id. Dom. 47, 124:

    de judicialibus causis aliqua,

    Quint. 3, 6, 104:

    aliquid de ratione dicendi, id. prooem. 1: quae de ortu vitaque Scapulae composita erant,

    Tac. A. 16, 14:

    Apion... inmortalitate donari a se scripsit ad quos aliqua conponebat, Plin. praef. § 25: carmen,

    Cic. Mur. 12, 26:

    carmina,

    Tac. Or. 12; id. A. 3, 49:

    epistulas,

    id. ib. 2, 70:

    litteras nomine Marcelli,

    Liv. 27, 28, 4; Tac. A. 11, 20:

    orationem habere ad conciliandos plebis animos conpositam,

    Liv. 1, 35, 2:

    blanditias tremula voce,

    Tib. 1, 2, 91:

    meditata manu verba trementi,

    Ov. M. 9, 521:

    versus,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 8:

    mollem versum,

    Prop. 1, 7, 19:

    cantus,

    Tib. 1, 2, 53:

    in morem annalium,

    Tac. Or. 22:

    orationes adversus aliquem,

    id. ib. 37:

    litteras ad aliquem,

    id. A. 15, 8; 14, 22:

    probra in Gaium,

    id. ib. 6, 9;

    14, 50: multa et atrocia in Macronem,

    id. ib. 6, 44 (38) et saep.—
    b.
    Transf., of the subjects, etc., treated, to write about, treat, celebrate:

    tuas laudes,

    Tib. 4, 1, 35:

    res gestas,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 251:

    tempora Iliaca,

    Vell. 1, 3, 2:

    bellum Troicum,

    id. 1, 5, 3:

    Juli Africani vitam componendo, spem hominibus fecisti plurium ejus modi librorum,

    Tac. Or. 14:

    veteres populi Romani res,

    id. A. 4, 32:

    Neronis res,

    id. ib. 1, 1; 11, 11.—
    B.
    From the notion of closing.
    1.
    To put away, put aside, put in place:

    armamentis conplicandis, conponendis studuimus,

    i. e. folding up the sails and lowering the masts, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 80:

    (tempus) ad componenda armamenta expediendumque remigem,

    Liv. 26, 39, 8:

    vela contrahit malosque inclinat et simul armamenta componens, etc.,

    id. 36, 44, 2:

    arma,

    Hor. C. 4, 14, 52:

    tristes istos conpone libellos,

    put aside, Prop. 1, 9, 13.—
    2.
    To store up, put away, collect:

    nec... Aut conponere opes norant aut parcere parto,

    Verg. A. 8, 317:

    ego conposito securus acervo Despiciam dites,

    Tib. 1, 1, 77;

    so fig.: condo et compono quae mox depromere possim,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 12.— So esp. to preserve, pack, put up fruits, meat, etc., for future use:

    pernas,

    Cato, R. R. 162, 12:

    tergora (suis),

    Col. 12, 55, 2: siccatos coliculos, id. 12, 9, 1:

    caepam in fidelia,

    id. 12, 10, 2:

    herbas,

    id. 12, 13, 2:

    poma,

    id. 12, 47, 5:

    olivas,

    Pall. Nov. 22, 5:

    herbam olla nova,

    Scrib. Comp. 60:

    faenum,

    Dig. 19, 2, 11, § 4:

    fructus in urceis, capsellis,

    ib. 33, 7, 12, §1.—
    3.
    Of the ashes or remains of the dead, to adjust, lay out, to collect and inurn, inter, bury:

    tu mea conpones et dices, ossa, Properti, Haec tua sunt,

    Prop. 2, 24, 35 (3, 19, 19):

    cinerem,

    Ov. F. 3, 547:

    cinerem ossaque,

    Val. Fl. 7, 203:

    sic ego conponi versus in ossa velim,

    Tib. 3, 2, 26.—Hence, in gen., of persons, to bury:

    quem... prope cognatos conpositum cineres,

    Cat. 68, 98:

    omnes composui (meos),

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 28:

    compositi busta avi,

    Ov. F. 5, 426:

    Pisonem Verania uxor... T. Vinium Crispina filia composuere,

    Tac. H. 1, 47:

    componi tumulo eodem,

    Ov. M. 4, 157:

    toro Mortua componar,

    id. ib. 9, 504:

    alto Conpositus lecto,

    Pers. 3, 104:

    aliquem terra,

    Sil. 9, 95.—
    4. a.
    Of things: omnia noctis erant placida composta quiete, Varr. Atac. ap. Sen. Contr. 3, 16:

    cum mare compositum est,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 259:

    aquas,

    id. H. 13, 136:

    fessum tumentes Composuit pelagus ventis patientibus undas,

    Luc. 5, 702.—
    b.
    Of persons:

    nec vigilantibus, sed etiam quiete compositis,

    Quint. 11, 2, 5:

    ubi jam thalamis se conposuere,

    Verg. G. 4, 189:

    defessa membra,

    id. ib. 4, 438:

    si bene conpositus somno vinoque jacebit,

    Ov. Am. 1, 4, 53.—
    5.
    To end strife, confusion, etc., to compose, pacify, allay, settle, calm, appease, quiet, tranquillize, reconcile, etc., that which is disturbed or at variance.
    a.
    With personal object:

    aversos amicos,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 29:

    ceteros clementia,

    Tac. A. 12, 55:

    comitia praetorum,

    id. ib. 14, 28; id. H. 1, 85:

    juvenes concitatos,

    Quint. 1, 10, 32; cf.:

    barbarum animos,

    Tac. A. 14, 39:

    gentem,

    Sil. 17, 356.—Esp. of the mind:

    prima (pars philosophiae) conponit animum,

    Sen. Ep. 89, 9:

    argumentum conpositae mentis,

    id. ib. 2, 1; Cels. 3, 18; Sil. 11, 352:

    mentem somno,

    id. 3, 162:

    religio saevas componit mentis,

    id. 13, 317.—
    b.
    Of places, countries, etc.:

    C. Caesar componendae Armeniae deligitur,

    Tac. A. 2, 4:

    Campaniam,

    id. H. 4, 3:

    Daciam,

    id. ib. 3, 53.—
    c.
    With abstr. or indef. objects:

    si possum hoc inter vos conponere,

    Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 23; cf.:

    vides, inter nos sic haec potius cum bona Ut componamus gratia quam cum mala?

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17:

    gaudens conponi foedere bellum,

    Verg. A. 12, 109; so,

    bellum,

    Sall. J. 97, 2; Nep. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Vell. 2, 25, 1; Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:

    bella,

    Tac. A. 3, 56:

    cum vellet pro communi amico controversias regum componere,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 109:

    uti per colloquia omnes controversiae componantur,

    id. ib. 1, 9 fin.:

    curas,

    Verg. A. 4, 341; Sil. 12, 682:

    lites,

    Verg. E. 3, 108:

    seditionem civilem,

    Suet. Caes. 4:

    statum Orientis,

    id. Calig. 1:

    Romanus Ardeae turbatas seditione res... composuit,

    Liv. 4, 10, 6; 3, 53, 1:

    legatorum res et bello turbatas,

    id. 45, 16, 2:

    res Germanicas,

    Suet. Vit. 9:

    discordias,

    Tac. H. 4, 50:

    compositis praesentibus,

    id. A. 1, 45:

    odia et certamina,

    id. ib. 15, 2.—Less freq. transf., with the result as object:

    pacem componi volo Meo patri cum matre,

    Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 113:

    si pax cum Carthaginiensibus componi nequisset,

    Liv. 30, 40, 13:

    at me conposita pace fefellit Amor,

    Prop. 2, 2, 2:

    pax circa Brundusium composita,

    Vell. 2, 75, 3:

    pacem cum Pyrrho,

    Just. 18, 2, 6; cf. D. 2. infra.—
    d.
    Absol.:

    coheredes mei conponere et transigere cupiebant,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 1, 7; and so impers. pass.:

    posteaquam id quod maxime volui fieri non potuit, ut componeretur,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 136:

    Pompei summam esse... voluntatem, ut componeretur atque ab armis discederetur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 16.—
    C. 1.
    In gen., to arrange, adjust, order, set in order:

    aulaeis se superbis Aurea sponda, of one's attitude on a couch,

    Verg. A. 1, 697:

    ad ictum militaris gladii conposita cervice,

    Sen. Cons. Marc. 26, 2:

    diductis aedificia angulis vidimus moveri iterumque conponi,

    id. Q. N. 6, 30, 4:

    si ad rem pertinet, quomodo caelo adfecto conpositisque sideribus quodque animal oriatur,

    Cic. Div. 2, 47, 98:

    tibi enim gratias agebat, quod signa componenda suscepisses,

    id. Att. 4, 9, 1.—
    2.
    Esp., milit. t. t.:

    se ad confligendum, Sisenn. ap. Non p. 257, 13: exercitum in hibernaculis, Sali J. 103, 1: in secunda (acie) cohortis, id. H. inc. Fragm. 44 Dietsch: stabant conpositi suis quisque ordinibus (opp. incompositi),

    Liv. 44, 38, 11:

    conpositi numero in turmas,

    Verg. A. 11, 599:

    cunctos licentia vagos compositus invadit = compositis ordinibus,

    Tac. H. 4, 35:

    agmen,

    id. ib. 2, 89; 5, 1; id. A. 12, 16:

    ordines,

    id. H. 4, 33:

    vagos paventesque Vitellianos, sua quemque apud signa, componunt,

    id. ib. 3, 35:

    pugnae exercitum,

    id. A. 13, 40:

    auxilia in numerum legionis,

    id. ib. 2, 80 Nipp. ad loc.:

    equitem per turmas,

    id. ib. 15, 29:

    insidias in montibus,

    Just. 1, 3, 11.—
    3.
    Of the order of words in language: quam lepide lexeis compostae! ut tesserulae omnes Arte pavimento atque emblemate vermiculato, Lucil. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 171; id. ap. Cic. Or. 44, 149; cf. id. ib. sq.:

    ut aptior sit oratio, ipsa verba compone,

    id. Brut. 17, 68.—
    4.
    With reference to orderly appearance, etc., of the clothing, hair; the expression of the countenance, etc., to lay, smooth, adjust:

    suon quisque loco'st? Vide capillum, satin compositu'st commode?

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 97:

    composito et delibuto capillo,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 46, 135:

    comas,

    Ov. R. Am. 679:

    crines,

    Verg. G. 4, 417:

    ne turbarentur comae, quas componi, etc.,

    Quint. 11, 3, 148:

    togam,

    to lay in proper folds, Hor. S. 2, 3, 77; Quint. 11, 3, 156; cf.:

    nec tamen ante adiit... Quam se composuit, quam circumspexit amictus,

    Ov. M. 4, 318:

    pulvinum facili manu,

    id. A. A. 1, 160; cf.

    torum,

    id. F. 3, 484:

    jam libet componere voltus,

    id. M. 13, 767:

    vultu composito, ne laeti excessu principis, etc.,

    Tac. A. 1, 7; Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 5; cf.:

    (Tiberius) compositus ore,

    id. ib. 2, 34:

    vultum natura horridum... efferabat, componens ad speculum in omnem terrorem,

    distorting, Suet. Calig. 50.—
    5.
    In gen., to adjust, arrange, regulate, for the expression of something, or to accord with something; usu. ad aliquid:

    ad abstinentiam rursus, non secus ac modo ad balineum animum vultumque conposui,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 1, 6:

    orationis ipsius vultus ad id, quod efficere intendimus, compositus,

    Quint. 9, 1, 21:

    utraque manu ad modum aliquid portantium composita,

    id. 11, 3, 120:

    ge. stum oratoris ad similitudinem saltationis,

    id. 1, 11, 19:

    figuram ad imitationem alterius scripturae,

    id. 9, 2, 34:

    nec ad votum composita civitas,

    Tac. Or. 41:

    cuncta ad decorem inperi conposita,

    id. H. 1, 71:

    cunctis ad tristitiam conpositis,

    id. A. 3, 1. —Less freq. with dat.:

    voltus conponere famae Taedet,

    to adapt, Tib. 4, 7, 9:

    venturis carbasa ventis,

    Luc. 3, 596:

    me quoque mittendis rectum componite telis,

    id. 3, 717. —With in:

    Nero itinera urbis... veste servili in dissimulationem sui compositus pererrabat,

    disguised, made up, Tac. A. 13, 25. —
    D. (α).
    With acc.:

    ego itinera sic composueram, ut Nonis Quinctilibus Puteolis essem,

    Cic. Att. 15, 26, 3:

    quod adest memento Componere aequus,

    Hor. C. 3, 29, 33:

    conposita atque constituta re publica,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 18, 42:

    necdum compositis maturisve satis consiliis,

    Liv. 4, 13, 5:

    (diem) totum in consideranda causa componendaque posuisse,

    Cic. Brut. 22, 87:

    tempus in cognoscendis componendisque causis consumere,

    id. Or. 42, 143:

    ex sententia omnibus rebus paratis conpositisque,

    Sall. J. 43, 5; 94, 1:

    in senatu cuncta longis aliorum principatibus composita statim decernuntur,

    Tac. H. 2, 55:

    dum quae forent firmando Neronis imperio componuntur,

    id. A. 12, 68.—
    (β).
    With ad or in and acc. of the purpose for which, or the example according to which, etc.:

    cum alteri placeat auspicia ista ad utilitatem esse rei publicae conposita,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 13, 32:

    omnia ad voluptatem multitudinis inperitae,

    Quint. 10, 1, 43:

    animum ad omnes casus,

    id. 12, 9, 20; Val. Fl. 1, 321:

    satis igitur in hoc nos componet multa scribendi exercitatio,

    Quint. 9, 4, 114:

    cultum victumque non ad nova exempla conponere, sed ut majorum mores suadent,

    Sen. Tranq. 9, 2. —
    2. (α).
    In gen.: eum allegaverunt, suom qui servom diceret Cum auro esse apud me: conposita est fallacia, [p. 393] Ut, etc., Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 29:

    quin jam virginem Despondi: res composita'st,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 17:

    ita causa componitur, ut item palaestritae Bidini peterent ab Epicrate hereditatem,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 22, § 54:

    societatem praedarum cum latronibus conposuisse,

    Sall. H. 4, 11 Dietsch:

    crimen ab inimicis Romae conpositum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 61, § 141:

    conpositis inter se rebus,

    Sall. J. 66, 2:

    ita conposito dolo digrediuntur,

    id. ib. 111, 4:

    conposito jam consilio,

    Liv. 3, 53, 3: ceteri proditores ea quae composita erant exspectabant;

    convenerat autem, etc.,

    id. 25, 9, 8:

    sub noctem susurri Composita repetantur hora,

    Hor. C. 1, 9, 20:

    ictum jam foedus, et omnes Conpositae leges,

    Verg. A. 12, 315:

    compositis notis,

    Tib. 1, 2, 22:

    crimen ac dolum ultro,

    Tac. H. 1, 34:

    proditionem,

    id. ib. 2, 100:

    seditionem,

    id. ib. 4, 14:

    insidias,

    id. ib. 5, 22; id. A. 12, 54; 13, 47: pacem componere, v. B. 5. supra.—
    (β).
    With rel.-clause:

    cum summa concordia, quos dimitterent, quos retinerent, composuerunt,

    Liv. 40, 40, 14.—
    (γ).
    With inf.:

    ii, secretis conloquiis conponunt Gallos concire,

    Tac. A. 3, 40.—
    (δ).
    Pass. impers.:

    ut domi compositum cum Marcio erat,

    Liv. 2, 37, 1.—
    (ε).
    With ut and subj.:

    compositum inter ipsos ut Latiaris strueret dolum,

    Tac. A. 4, 68; cf. P. a. subst.
    3.
    In gen., to feign, invent, devise, contrive, in order to deceive or delude, etc.: composita dicta, Att. ap. Non. p. 260, 22 (Trag. Rel. v. 47 Rib.):

    ne tu istic hodie malo tuo conpositis mendaciis Advenisti,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 211:

    nec bene mendaci risus conponitur ore,

    Tib. 3, 6, 35 (3, 7, 3):

    sed vobis facile'st verba et conponere fraudes,

    Prop. 2, 9, 31:

    insidias in me conponis inanes,

    id. 2, 32 (3, 30), 19:

    compositas insidias fatoque evitatas ementitur,

    Tac. A. 13, 47:

    si haec fabulosa et composita videntur,

    id. Or. 12; id. Agr. 40:

    quae ut augendae famae composita, sic reliqua non in obscuro habentur,

    id. A. 15, 16; cf.:

    vetustatem, ut cetera, in majus conponentem altores Jovis celebravisse,

    exaggerating, Sall. H. 3, 60 Dietsch.— Part. perf. with in and acc., pretending, assuming the appearance or expression:

    (Domitianus) paratus simulatione, in adrogantiam compositus audiit preces,

    Tac. Agr. 42:

    is in maestitiam compositus,

    id. H. 2, 9; 1, 54:

    in securitatem,

    id. A. 3, 44.—Rarely with ad:

    tunc compositus ad maestitiam,

    Tac. A. 13, 20.— Hence, P. a.: compŏsĭtus ( - postus), a, um.
    A.
    Well-arranged, ordered, or constituted, orderly, regular:

    quae (injuria) dum foris sunt, nil videtur mundius, Nec magis compositum quicquam nec magis elegans,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 13: admiratus sum... sunchusin litterularum, quae solent tuae compositissimae et clarissimae esse, Cic. Att. 6, 9, 1:

    acrior impetu atque animis quam compositior ullo ordine pugna fuit,

    Liv. 28, 22, 13:

    intellegitur, etiamsi non adjecero, conpositum ordinatumque fore talem virum,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 8, 3:

    composita et quieta et beata respublica,

    Tac. Or. 36. —Of writings:

    quare in his quoque libris erant eadem aliqua... omnia vero compositiora et elaborata,

    Quint. 1, pr. § 8; cf.:

    illa quae curam fatentur et ficta atque composita videri etiam volunt,

    elaborate, id. 8, pr. § 23.— Transf., of the orator himself:

    si aut compositi oratoris bene structam collocationem dissolvas permutatione verborum,

    Cic. Or. 70, 232.—
    B.
    Fitly disposed for any purpose, prepared, apt, fit, adapted, qualified, suitable, ready:

    perficiam ut nemo umquam paratior, vigilantior, compositior ad judicium venisse videatur,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 11; so,

    equus bene natura compositus,

    Auct. Her. 4, 46, 59.— With ad or in and acc., or with dat.:

    arte quadam ab juventa in ostentationem (virtutum) compositus,

    Liv. 26, 19, 3 Weissenb. ad loc.:

    alius historiae magis idoneus, alius compositus ad carmen,

    Quint. 2, 8, 7:

    aeque in adulationem compositus (sacerdos),

    Curt. 4, 7, 26:

    (Attici) non maxime ad risum compositi,

    Quint. 6, 3, 18:

    natura atque arte compositus alliciendis etiam Muciani moribus,

    Tac. H. 2, 5.—
    C.
    Quiet, peaceful, undisturbed, calm, composed, unimpassioned, etc.:

    ut peractis quae agenda fuerint salvo jam et composito die possis ibi manere,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 2:

    lenis et nitidi et compositi generis amatores,

    Quint. 10, 1, 44:

    actio,

    id. 11, 3, 110:

    aetas,

    mature, sedate, Tac. A. 13, 1: adfectus mites atque compositi, Quint. 6, 2, 9:

    supercilium (opp. erectum),

    id. 11, 3, 74:

    repetitio eorum (civium) labefactabat compositam civitatem,

    Flor. 3, 23, 3.—
    D.
    Compound, composite, made up of parts (opp. simplex):

    verba,

    Quint. 1, 5, 3; 1, 6, 38; 7, 9, 5:

    voces,

    id. 1, 5, 65; cf. id. 1, 5, 9; 2, 12, 3.—Hence, subst.: compŏsĭtum ( conp-), i, n., that which is agreed, an agreement, compact, etc.; only abl. in the phrases,
    (α).
    Ex composito, according to agreement, by agreement, in concert, Sall. H. 2, 12 Dietsch:

    tum ex composito orta vis,

    Liv. 1, 9, 10; 5, 14, 2; 36, 25, 1; 40, 48, 4; Suet. Claud. 37; Tac. H. 4, 66.—
    (β).
    De composito, by agreement, App. Mag. 1, p. 273; and,
    (γ).
    More rarely in the same sense, composito alone, Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 29; Nep. Dat. 6, 6; Verg. A. 2, 129.—Hence also adv.: compŏsĭtē ( conp-), in an orderly, regular, or skilful manner, orderly, regularly, properly (class. but rare;

    not in Quint.): ambulare,

    Col. 6, 2, 5:

    indutus,

    Gell. 1, 5, 2:

    composite et apte dicere,

    Cic. Or. 71, 236:

    composite, ornate, copiose eloqui,

    id. De Or. 1, 11, 48:

    composite atque magnifice casum reipublicae miserati,

    Sall. C. 51, 9:

    bene et composite disseruit,

    id. Ib. 52.— Comp.:

    compositius cuncta quam festinantius agerent,

    Tac. A. 15, 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > conposite

  • 45 conpositum

    com-pōno ( conp-), posui (COMPOSEIVERVNT, C. I. L. 1, 199, 2), positum (compostus, Plaut. Mil. 4, 7, 21 Lorenz; Verg. A. 1, 249; Lucil. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 171; Varr ap. Sen. Ep. 56, 6), 3, v. a., to put, place, lay, bring or set together, to unite, join, connect, collect, aggregate, compose, to order, arrange, adjust, etc. (class. and very freq.).
    I.
    In gen., of different objects.
    A. 1.
    Of things in gen.:

    aridum lignum,

    Hor. C. 3, 17, 14:

    composita fronde,

    Prop. 1, 20, 22:

    uvas in tecto in cratibus,

    Cato, R. R. 112, 2:

    in quo (loco) erant ea conposita, quibus rex te numerare constituerat,

    Cic. Deiot. 6, 17:

    (amomum) manipulatim leniter componitur,

    Plin. 12, 13, 28, § 48:

    amphoras in culleum,

    Cato, R. R. 113, 2:

    ligna in caminum,

    id. ib. 37, 5.—
    b.
    To bring into contact, fit together, join:

    quid... in operibus manu factis tam compositum tamque compactum et coagmentatum inveniri potest?

    Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 74: cum poclo bibo eodem, amplector, labra labellis conpono, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 260, 28:

    tum latus conponit lateri et cum pectore pectus,

    id. ib. p. 260, 30:

    conponens manibusque manus atque ori bus ora,

    Verg. A. 8, 486:

    Mercurio Sais fertur Virgineum conposuisse latus,

    Prop. 2, 2, 12; cf.

    caput,

    Tib. 1, 5, 8.—Hence, of broken limbs, etc., med. t. t., to set:

    ossa,

    Cels. 8, 10, 2:

    jugulum,

    id. 8, 8, 8 et saep.—
    c.
    Esp., to pack up for a journey, etc.:

    omnia composta sunt quae donavi,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 7, 21:

    i ergo intro et compone quae tecum simul Ferantur,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 5:

    dum tota domus raeda componitur una,

    Juv. 3, 10.—
    2.
    Of persons:

    is (Saturnus) genus indocile ac dispersum montibus altis Composuit,

    Verg. A. 8, 322:

    et tabula una duos poterit componere amantes,

    Prop. 2, 26, 33 (3, 22, 13); cf. II. C. 5. infra.—
    B.
    To set in opposition.
    1.
    To bring together in hostility, to oppose, to couple, pair, match in combat (cf. compositio, III.); esp. of gladiators, etc.: Samnis, spurcus homo, cum Pacideiano conponitur, optimus multo Post homines natos gladiator qui fuit unus, Lucil. Sat. ap. Non. p. 257, 18; cf. Cic. Opt. Gen. 6, 17:

    Rupili et Persi par pugnat, uti non Compositum melius cum Bitho Bacchius,

    Hor. S. 1, 7, 20 Orell. ad loc.:

    staturam habere Threcis cum Threce conpositi,

    Sen. Q. N. 4, praef. 8;

    and in gen.: si quis casus duos inter se bonos viros composuerit,

    Quint. 2, 17, 34:

    cuive virum mallem memet componere,

    Sil. 10, 70:

    componimur Vecordi Decio,

    id. 11, 212:

    hunc fatis,

    id. 1, 39:

    cum ventis, pelagique furentibus undis Composuit mortale genus,

    Luc. 3, 196;

    and fig.: pergis pugnantia secum Frontibus adversis componere,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 103:

    ecce par deo dignum, vir fortis cum fortuna mala conpositus,

    Sen. Prov. 1, 2, 9:

    non illa (rhetorice) secum ipsa componitur,

    Quint. 2, 17, 33;

    and of a judicial contest: accita Epicharis et cum indice composita,

    confronted, Tac. A. 15, 51; 16, 10.—
    2.
    To oppose by way of comparison, to compare, contrast.
    (α).
    With acc. and dat.: quid est, cur componere ausis mihi te aut me tibi? Att. ap. Non. p. 257, 15 (Trag. Rel. v. 147 Rib.):

    nec divis homines componier aequom'st,

    Cat. 68, 141: composita dicta evolvunt, Quae cum componas, dicta factis discrepant, Att. ap. Non. p. 260, 21 (Trag. Rel. v. 48 Rib.):

    si parva licet conponere magnis,

    Verg. G. 4, 176:

    parvis conponere magna solebam,

    id. E. 1, 23; Ov. M. 5, [p. 392] 416:

    audes cladi componere nostrae, Nympha, tuam?

    id. ib. 15, 530:

    divinis humana,

    Aus. Ecl. 1, 10.—
    (β).
    With acc. and cum:

    ubi Metelli dicta cum factis conposuit,

    Sall. J. 48, 1: causam suam cum causa adversarii. Quint. 7, 2, 22.
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    Of the parts of a whole, or of a whole as made up of parts.
    1. (α).
    With ex:

    exercitus ejus conpositus ex variis gentibus,

    Sall. J. 18, 3:

    genus humanum ex corpore et anima conpositum,

    id. ib. 2, 1:

    liber ex alienis orationibus compositus,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47:

    antidoton... ex multis atque interim contrariis quoque inter se effectibus,

    Quint. 1, 10, 6:

    ex quo (umore) componi debet (medicamentum),

    Cels. 6, 7, 1 fin.
    (β).
    With abl.:

    mensam gramine,

    Sil. 15, 51.—
    (γ).
    With acc. alone:

    medicamentum,

    Col. 6, 4, 1; Scrib. Comp. 10.—
    2.
    Esp., of buildings, etc., to construct, build:

    qui cuncta conposuit,

    i. e. the Creator, Cic. Univ. 13:

    urbem,

    Verg. A. 3, 387:

    illa (templa) deis,

    Ov. F. 1, 708 Burm. ad loc.:

    aggere conposito tumuli,

    Verg. A. 7, 6:

    deletas Thebas,

    Prop. 2, 6, 5.—
    3.
    Of words, to compound:

    vitilitigatores ex vitiis et litigatoribus, Plin. praef. § 32: verba composita (opp. simplicia),

    Quint. 1, 5, 3.—
    4.
    Of writings, speeches, etc.
    a.
    To compose, write, construct (very freq.):

    leges,

    Lucr. 4, 966:

    compone hoc, quod postulo, de argento: de reliquo videro,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 16, § 36:

    quartum librum,

    id. de Or. 2, 55, 224:

    libros,

    id. Fam. 16, 20; Plin. Ep. 9, 9, 1:

    libellos,

    Quint. 12, 8, 5:

    actiones,

    Cic. Att. 6, 1, 8; Quint. 11, 3, 68:

    argumentum,

    Cic. Att. 15, 4, 3:

    edictum eis verbis,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 45, § 116:

    edictum eorum arbitratu,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 46, §

    119: artes,

    books of instruction, id. Brut. 12, 48; id. Ac. 2, 13, 40:

    artificium,

    id. de Or. 2, 19, 83:

    commentarium consulatus mei,

    id. Att. 1, 19, 10; Quint. 1, 8, 19:

    quarum (litterarum) exemplum,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 20, 53:

    quandam disciplinae formulam,

    id. Ac. 1, 4, 17:

    stipulationum et judiciorum formulas,

    id. Leg. 1, 4, 14:

    interdictum,

    id. Caecin. 21, 59:

    poema,

    id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 77; Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 60:

    senatus consultum,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 22, 2:

    testimonium,

    id. Att. 15, 15, 1:

    verba ad religionem deorum immortalium,

    id. Dom. 47, 124:

    de judicialibus causis aliqua,

    Quint. 3, 6, 104:

    aliquid de ratione dicendi, id. prooem. 1: quae de ortu vitaque Scapulae composita erant,

    Tac. A. 16, 14:

    Apion... inmortalitate donari a se scripsit ad quos aliqua conponebat, Plin. praef. § 25: carmen,

    Cic. Mur. 12, 26:

    carmina,

    Tac. Or. 12; id. A. 3, 49:

    epistulas,

    id. ib. 2, 70:

    litteras nomine Marcelli,

    Liv. 27, 28, 4; Tac. A. 11, 20:

    orationem habere ad conciliandos plebis animos conpositam,

    Liv. 1, 35, 2:

    blanditias tremula voce,

    Tib. 1, 2, 91:

    meditata manu verba trementi,

    Ov. M. 9, 521:

    versus,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 8:

    mollem versum,

    Prop. 1, 7, 19:

    cantus,

    Tib. 1, 2, 53:

    in morem annalium,

    Tac. Or. 22:

    orationes adversus aliquem,

    id. ib. 37:

    litteras ad aliquem,

    id. A. 15, 8; 14, 22:

    probra in Gaium,

    id. ib. 6, 9;

    14, 50: multa et atrocia in Macronem,

    id. ib. 6, 44 (38) et saep.—
    b.
    Transf., of the subjects, etc., treated, to write about, treat, celebrate:

    tuas laudes,

    Tib. 4, 1, 35:

    res gestas,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 251:

    tempora Iliaca,

    Vell. 1, 3, 2:

    bellum Troicum,

    id. 1, 5, 3:

    Juli Africani vitam componendo, spem hominibus fecisti plurium ejus modi librorum,

    Tac. Or. 14:

    veteres populi Romani res,

    id. A. 4, 32:

    Neronis res,

    id. ib. 1, 1; 11, 11.—
    B.
    From the notion of closing.
    1.
    To put away, put aside, put in place:

    armamentis conplicandis, conponendis studuimus,

    i. e. folding up the sails and lowering the masts, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 80:

    (tempus) ad componenda armamenta expediendumque remigem,

    Liv. 26, 39, 8:

    vela contrahit malosque inclinat et simul armamenta componens, etc.,

    id. 36, 44, 2:

    arma,

    Hor. C. 4, 14, 52:

    tristes istos conpone libellos,

    put aside, Prop. 1, 9, 13.—
    2.
    To store up, put away, collect:

    nec... Aut conponere opes norant aut parcere parto,

    Verg. A. 8, 317:

    ego conposito securus acervo Despiciam dites,

    Tib. 1, 1, 77;

    so fig.: condo et compono quae mox depromere possim,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 12.— So esp. to preserve, pack, put up fruits, meat, etc., for future use:

    pernas,

    Cato, R. R. 162, 12:

    tergora (suis),

    Col. 12, 55, 2: siccatos coliculos, id. 12, 9, 1:

    caepam in fidelia,

    id. 12, 10, 2:

    herbas,

    id. 12, 13, 2:

    poma,

    id. 12, 47, 5:

    olivas,

    Pall. Nov. 22, 5:

    herbam olla nova,

    Scrib. Comp. 60:

    faenum,

    Dig. 19, 2, 11, § 4:

    fructus in urceis, capsellis,

    ib. 33, 7, 12, §1.—
    3.
    Of the ashes or remains of the dead, to adjust, lay out, to collect and inurn, inter, bury:

    tu mea conpones et dices, ossa, Properti, Haec tua sunt,

    Prop. 2, 24, 35 (3, 19, 19):

    cinerem,

    Ov. F. 3, 547:

    cinerem ossaque,

    Val. Fl. 7, 203:

    sic ego conponi versus in ossa velim,

    Tib. 3, 2, 26.—Hence, in gen., of persons, to bury:

    quem... prope cognatos conpositum cineres,

    Cat. 68, 98:

    omnes composui (meos),

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 28:

    compositi busta avi,

    Ov. F. 5, 426:

    Pisonem Verania uxor... T. Vinium Crispina filia composuere,

    Tac. H. 1, 47:

    componi tumulo eodem,

    Ov. M. 4, 157:

    toro Mortua componar,

    id. ib. 9, 504:

    alto Conpositus lecto,

    Pers. 3, 104:

    aliquem terra,

    Sil. 9, 95.—
    4. a.
    Of things: omnia noctis erant placida composta quiete, Varr. Atac. ap. Sen. Contr. 3, 16:

    cum mare compositum est,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 259:

    aquas,

    id. H. 13, 136:

    fessum tumentes Composuit pelagus ventis patientibus undas,

    Luc. 5, 702.—
    b.
    Of persons:

    nec vigilantibus, sed etiam quiete compositis,

    Quint. 11, 2, 5:

    ubi jam thalamis se conposuere,

    Verg. G. 4, 189:

    defessa membra,

    id. ib. 4, 438:

    si bene conpositus somno vinoque jacebit,

    Ov. Am. 1, 4, 53.—
    5.
    To end strife, confusion, etc., to compose, pacify, allay, settle, calm, appease, quiet, tranquillize, reconcile, etc., that which is disturbed or at variance.
    a.
    With personal object:

    aversos amicos,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 29:

    ceteros clementia,

    Tac. A. 12, 55:

    comitia praetorum,

    id. ib. 14, 28; id. H. 1, 85:

    juvenes concitatos,

    Quint. 1, 10, 32; cf.:

    barbarum animos,

    Tac. A. 14, 39:

    gentem,

    Sil. 17, 356.—Esp. of the mind:

    prima (pars philosophiae) conponit animum,

    Sen. Ep. 89, 9:

    argumentum conpositae mentis,

    id. ib. 2, 1; Cels. 3, 18; Sil. 11, 352:

    mentem somno,

    id. 3, 162:

    religio saevas componit mentis,

    id. 13, 317.—
    b.
    Of places, countries, etc.:

    C. Caesar componendae Armeniae deligitur,

    Tac. A. 2, 4:

    Campaniam,

    id. H. 4, 3:

    Daciam,

    id. ib. 3, 53.—
    c.
    With abstr. or indef. objects:

    si possum hoc inter vos conponere,

    Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 23; cf.:

    vides, inter nos sic haec potius cum bona Ut componamus gratia quam cum mala?

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17:

    gaudens conponi foedere bellum,

    Verg. A. 12, 109; so,

    bellum,

    Sall. J. 97, 2; Nep. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Vell. 2, 25, 1; Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:

    bella,

    Tac. A. 3, 56:

    cum vellet pro communi amico controversias regum componere,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 109:

    uti per colloquia omnes controversiae componantur,

    id. ib. 1, 9 fin.:

    curas,

    Verg. A. 4, 341; Sil. 12, 682:

    lites,

    Verg. E. 3, 108:

    seditionem civilem,

    Suet. Caes. 4:

    statum Orientis,

    id. Calig. 1:

    Romanus Ardeae turbatas seditione res... composuit,

    Liv. 4, 10, 6; 3, 53, 1:

    legatorum res et bello turbatas,

    id. 45, 16, 2:

    res Germanicas,

    Suet. Vit. 9:

    discordias,

    Tac. H. 4, 50:

    compositis praesentibus,

    id. A. 1, 45:

    odia et certamina,

    id. ib. 15, 2.—Less freq. transf., with the result as object:

    pacem componi volo Meo patri cum matre,

    Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 113:

    si pax cum Carthaginiensibus componi nequisset,

    Liv. 30, 40, 13:

    at me conposita pace fefellit Amor,

    Prop. 2, 2, 2:

    pax circa Brundusium composita,

    Vell. 2, 75, 3:

    pacem cum Pyrrho,

    Just. 18, 2, 6; cf. D. 2. infra.—
    d.
    Absol.:

    coheredes mei conponere et transigere cupiebant,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 1, 7; and so impers. pass.:

    posteaquam id quod maxime volui fieri non potuit, ut componeretur,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 136:

    Pompei summam esse... voluntatem, ut componeretur atque ab armis discederetur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 16.—
    C. 1.
    In gen., to arrange, adjust, order, set in order:

    aulaeis se superbis Aurea sponda, of one's attitude on a couch,

    Verg. A. 1, 697:

    ad ictum militaris gladii conposita cervice,

    Sen. Cons. Marc. 26, 2:

    diductis aedificia angulis vidimus moveri iterumque conponi,

    id. Q. N. 6, 30, 4:

    si ad rem pertinet, quomodo caelo adfecto conpositisque sideribus quodque animal oriatur,

    Cic. Div. 2, 47, 98:

    tibi enim gratias agebat, quod signa componenda suscepisses,

    id. Att. 4, 9, 1.—
    2.
    Esp., milit. t. t.:

    se ad confligendum, Sisenn. ap. Non p. 257, 13: exercitum in hibernaculis, Sali J. 103, 1: in secunda (acie) cohortis, id. H. inc. Fragm. 44 Dietsch: stabant conpositi suis quisque ordinibus (opp. incompositi),

    Liv. 44, 38, 11:

    conpositi numero in turmas,

    Verg. A. 11, 599:

    cunctos licentia vagos compositus invadit = compositis ordinibus,

    Tac. H. 4, 35:

    agmen,

    id. ib. 2, 89; 5, 1; id. A. 12, 16:

    ordines,

    id. H. 4, 33:

    vagos paventesque Vitellianos, sua quemque apud signa, componunt,

    id. ib. 3, 35:

    pugnae exercitum,

    id. A. 13, 40:

    auxilia in numerum legionis,

    id. ib. 2, 80 Nipp. ad loc.:

    equitem per turmas,

    id. ib. 15, 29:

    insidias in montibus,

    Just. 1, 3, 11.—
    3.
    Of the order of words in language: quam lepide lexeis compostae! ut tesserulae omnes Arte pavimento atque emblemate vermiculato, Lucil. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 171; id. ap. Cic. Or. 44, 149; cf. id. ib. sq.:

    ut aptior sit oratio, ipsa verba compone,

    id. Brut. 17, 68.—
    4.
    With reference to orderly appearance, etc., of the clothing, hair; the expression of the countenance, etc., to lay, smooth, adjust:

    suon quisque loco'st? Vide capillum, satin compositu'st commode?

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 97:

    composito et delibuto capillo,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 46, 135:

    comas,

    Ov. R. Am. 679:

    crines,

    Verg. G. 4, 417:

    ne turbarentur comae, quas componi, etc.,

    Quint. 11, 3, 148:

    togam,

    to lay in proper folds, Hor. S. 2, 3, 77; Quint. 11, 3, 156; cf.:

    nec tamen ante adiit... Quam se composuit, quam circumspexit amictus,

    Ov. M. 4, 318:

    pulvinum facili manu,

    id. A. A. 1, 160; cf.

    torum,

    id. F. 3, 484:

    jam libet componere voltus,

    id. M. 13, 767:

    vultu composito, ne laeti excessu principis, etc.,

    Tac. A. 1, 7; Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 5; cf.:

    (Tiberius) compositus ore,

    id. ib. 2, 34:

    vultum natura horridum... efferabat, componens ad speculum in omnem terrorem,

    distorting, Suet. Calig. 50.—
    5.
    In gen., to adjust, arrange, regulate, for the expression of something, or to accord with something; usu. ad aliquid:

    ad abstinentiam rursus, non secus ac modo ad balineum animum vultumque conposui,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 1, 6:

    orationis ipsius vultus ad id, quod efficere intendimus, compositus,

    Quint. 9, 1, 21:

    utraque manu ad modum aliquid portantium composita,

    id. 11, 3, 120:

    ge. stum oratoris ad similitudinem saltationis,

    id. 1, 11, 19:

    figuram ad imitationem alterius scripturae,

    id. 9, 2, 34:

    nec ad votum composita civitas,

    Tac. Or. 41:

    cuncta ad decorem inperi conposita,

    id. H. 1, 71:

    cunctis ad tristitiam conpositis,

    id. A. 3, 1. —Less freq. with dat.:

    voltus conponere famae Taedet,

    to adapt, Tib. 4, 7, 9:

    venturis carbasa ventis,

    Luc. 3, 596:

    me quoque mittendis rectum componite telis,

    id. 3, 717. —With in:

    Nero itinera urbis... veste servili in dissimulationem sui compositus pererrabat,

    disguised, made up, Tac. A. 13, 25. —
    D. (α).
    With acc.:

    ego itinera sic composueram, ut Nonis Quinctilibus Puteolis essem,

    Cic. Att. 15, 26, 3:

    quod adest memento Componere aequus,

    Hor. C. 3, 29, 33:

    conposita atque constituta re publica,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 18, 42:

    necdum compositis maturisve satis consiliis,

    Liv. 4, 13, 5:

    (diem) totum in consideranda causa componendaque posuisse,

    Cic. Brut. 22, 87:

    tempus in cognoscendis componendisque causis consumere,

    id. Or. 42, 143:

    ex sententia omnibus rebus paratis conpositisque,

    Sall. J. 43, 5; 94, 1:

    in senatu cuncta longis aliorum principatibus composita statim decernuntur,

    Tac. H. 2, 55:

    dum quae forent firmando Neronis imperio componuntur,

    id. A. 12, 68.—
    (β).
    With ad or in and acc. of the purpose for which, or the example according to which, etc.:

    cum alteri placeat auspicia ista ad utilitatem esse rei publicae conposita,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 13, 32:

    omnia ad voluptatem multitudinis inperitae,

    Quint. 10, 1, 43:

    animum ad omnes casus,

    id. 12, 9, 20; Val. Fl. 1, 321:

    satis igitur in hoc nos componet multa scribendi exercitatio,

    Quint. 9, 4, 114:

    cultum victumque non ad nova exempla conponere, sed ut majorum mores suadent,

    Sen. Tranq. 9, 2. —
    2. (α).
    In gen.: eum allegaverunt, suom qui servom diceret Cum auro esse apud me: conposita est fallacia, [p. 393] Ut, etc., Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 29:

    quin jam virginem Despondi: res composita'st,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 17:

    ita causa componitur, ut item palaestritae Bidini peterent ab Epicrate hereditatem,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 22, § 54:

    societatem praedarum cum latronibus conposuisse,

    Sall. H. 4, 11 Dietsch:

    crimen ab inimicis Romae conpositum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 61, § 141:

    conpositis inter se rebus,

    Sall. J. 66, 2:

    ita conposito dolo digrediuntur,

    id. ib. 111, 4:

    conposito jam consilio,

    Liv. 3, 53, 3: ceteri proditores ea quae composita erant exspectabant;

    convenerat autem, etc.,

    id. 25, 9, 8:

    sub noctem susurri Composita repetantur hora,

    Hor. C. 1, 9, 20:

    ictum jam foedus, et omnes Conpositae leges,

    Verg. A. 12, 315:

    compositis notis,

    Tib. 1, 2, 22:

    crimen ac dolum ultro,

    Tac. H. 1, 34:

    proditionem,

    id. ib. 2, 100:

    seditionem,

    id. ib. 4, 14:

    insidias,

    id. ib. 5, 22; id. A. 12, 54; 13, 47: pacem componere, v. B. 5. supra.—
    (β).
    With rel.-clause:

    cum summa concordia, quos dimitterent, quos retinerent, composuerunt,

    Liv. 40, 40, 14.—
    (γ).
    With inf.:

    ii, secretis conloquiis conponunt Gallos concire,

    Tac. A. 3, 40.—
    (δ).
    Pass. impers.:

    ut domi compositum cum Marcio erat,

    Liv. 2, 37, 1.—
    (ε).
    With ut and subj.:

    compositum inter ipsos ut Latiaris strueret dolum,

    Tac. A. 4, 68; cf. P. a. subst.
    3.
    In gen., to feign, invent, devise, contrive, in order to deceive or delude, etc.: composita dicta, Att. ap. Non. p. 260, 22 (Trag. Rel. v. 47 Rib.):

    ne tu istic hodie malo tuo conpositis mendaciis Advenisti,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 211:

    nec bene mendaci risus conponitur ore,

    Tib. 3, 6, 35 (3, 7, 3):

    sed vobis facile'st verba et conponere fraudes,

    Prop. 2, 9, 31:

    insidias in me conponis inanes,

    id. 2, 32 (3, 30), 19:

    compositas insidias fatoque evitatas ementitur,

    Tac. A. 13, 47:

    si haec fabulosa et composita videntur,

    id. Or. 12; id. Agr. 40:

    quae ut augendae famae composita, sic reliqua non in obscuro habentur,

    id. A. 15, 16; cf.:

    vetustatem, ut cetera, in majus conponentem altores Jovis celebravisse,

    exaggerating, Sall. H. 3, 60 Dietsch.— Part. perf. with in and acc., pretending, assuming the appearance or expression:

    (Domitianus) paratus simulatione, in adrogantiam compositus audiit preces,

    Tac. Agr. 42:

    is in maestitiam compositus,

    id. H. 2, 9; 1, 54:

    in securitatem,

    id. A. 3, 44.—Rarely with ad:

    tunc compositus ad maestitiam,

    Tac. A. 13, 20.— Hence, P. a.: compŏsĭtus ( - postus), a, um.
    A.
    Well-arranged, ordered, or constituted, orderly, regular:

    quae (injuria) dum foris sunt, nil videtur mundius, Nec magis compositum quicquam nec magis elegans,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 13: admiratus sum... sunchusin litterularum, quae solent tuae compositissimae et clarissimae esse, Cic. Att. 6, 9, 1:

    acrior impetu atque animis quam compositior ullo ordine pugna fuit,

    Liv. 28, 22, 13:

    intellegitur, etiamsi non adjecero, conpositum ordinatumque fore talem virum,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 8, 3:

    composita et quieta et beata respublica,

    Tac. Or. 36. —Of writings:

    quare in his quoque libris erant eadem aliqua... omnia vero compositiora et elaborata,

    Quint. 1, pr. § 8; cf.:

    illa quae curam fatentur et ficta atque composita videri etiam volunt,

    elaborate, id. 8, pr. § 23.— Transf., of the orator himself:

    si aut compositi oratoris bene structam collocationem dissolvas permutatione verborum,

    Cic. Or. 70, 232.—
    B.
    Fitly disposed for any purpose, prepared, apt, fit, adapted, qualified, suitable, ready:

    perficiam ut nemo umquam paratior, vigilantior, compositior ad judicium venisse videatur,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 11; so,

    equus bene natura compositus,

    Auct. Her. 4, 46, 59.— With ad or in and acc., or with dat.:

    arte quadam ab juventa in ostentationem (virtutum) compositus,

    Liv. 26, 19, 3 Weissenb. ad loc.:

    alius historiae magis idoneus, alius compositus ad carmen,

    Quint. 2, 8, 7:

    aeque in adulationem compositus (sacerdos),

    Curt. 4, 7, 26:

    (Attici) non maxime ad risum compositi,

    Quint. 6, 3, 18:

    natura atque arte compositus alliciendis etiam Muciani moribus,

    Tac. H. 2, 5.—
    C.
    Quiet, peaceful, undisturbed, calm, composed, unimpassioned, etc.:

    ut peractis quae agenda fuerint salvo jam et composito die possis ibi manere,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 2:

    lenis et nitidi et compositi generis amatores,

    Quint. 10, 1, 44:

    actio,

    id. 11, 3, 110:

    aetas,

    mature, sedate, Tac. A. 13, 1: adfectus mites atque compositi, Quint. 6, 2, 9:

    supercilium (opp. erectum),

    id. 11, 3, 74:

    repetitio eorum (civium) labefactabat compositam civitatem,

    Flor. 3, 23, 3.—
    D.
    Compound, composite, made up of parts (opp. simplex):

    verba,

    Quint. 1, 5, 3; 1, 6, 38; 7, 9, 5:

    voces,

    id. 1, 5, 65; cf. id. 1, 5, 9; 2, 12, 3.—Hence, subst.: compŏsĭtum ( conp-), i, n., that which is agreed, an agreement, compact, etc.; only abl. in the phrases,
    (α).
    Ex composito, according to agreement, by agreement, in concert, Sall. H. 2, 12 Dietsch:

    tum ex composito orta vis,

    Liv. 1, 9, 10; 5, 14, 2; 36, 25, 1; 40, 48, 4; Suet. Claud. 37; Tac. H. 4, 66.—
    (β).
    De composito, by agreement, App. Mag. 1, p. 273; and,
    (γ).
    More rarely in the same sense, composito alone, Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 29; Nep. Dat. 6, 6; Verg. A. 2, 129.—Hence also adv.: compŏsĭtē ( conp-), in an orderly, regular, or skilful manner, orderly, regularly, properly (class. but rare;

    not in Quint.): ambulare,

    Col. 6, 2, 5:

    indutus,

    Gell. 1, 5, 2:

    composite et apte dicere,

    Cic. Or. 71, 236:

    composite, ornate, copiose eloqui,

    id. De Or. 1, 11, 48:

    composite atque magnifice casum reipublicae miserati,

    Sall. C. 51, 9:

    bene et composite disseruit,

    id. Ib. 52.— Comp.:

    compositius cuncta quam festinantius agerent,

    Tac. A. 15, 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > conpositum

  • 46 conspirati

    1.
    con-spīro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n., to blow or breathe together, to sound together.
    * I.
    Lit.:

    aereaque adsensu conspirant cornua rauco,

    Verg. A. 7, 615 (et tubae simul inflabantur, Serv.).—Far more freq. and in good prose,
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To harmonize, agree, accord: conspirans mutuus ardor, * Lucr. 4, 1216; cf.:

    tanta rerum consentiens, conspirans, continuata cognatio,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 19; 3, 11, 28:

    consilium omnis vitae consentiens et paene conspirans,

    id. Tusc. 5, 25, 72; id. Lig. 12, 34; Col. 3, 13, 7: in quibus (operibus) plurium conatus, praeeunte aliquā jucundā voce, conspirat, * Quint. 1, 10, 16:

    talis... animus, ut multae in illo artes... multarum aetatum exempla, sed in unum conspirata,

    harmoniously blending, Sen. Ep. 84, 10.—
    B.
    To agree together in thought or feeling, to accord, unite, combine.
    1.
    In a good sense:

    conligite vos, conspirate nobiscum, consentite cum bonis,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 26:

    mirabiliter populus Romanus universus et omnium generum ordinumque consensus ad liberandam rem publicam conspiravit,

    id. Fam. 10, 12, 4; cf. id. Phil. 3, 5, 13; Col. 3, 13, 7.— Impers.: in commune conspirabatur ab utroque (Cic. Oecon.?) 12 praef. § 8. —
    b.
    Part.: conspiratus, mid., having agreed, combined; acting in concert:

    milites legionis VIII. subito conspirati pila conjecerunt,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 46 Kraner ad loc.—
    2.
    In a bad sense, to plot together, to enter into a conspiracy, to conspire (so freq. in the histt. after the Aug. per., esp. in Suet.).
    (α).
    Absol.: priusquam plures civitates conspirarent, Caes. B. G. 3, 10 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 46; Suet. Caes. 9; id. Galb. 10.—
    (β).
    With in and acc.:

    in injuriam,

    Liv. 3, 36, 9; 3, 56, 12:

    in caedem alicujus,

    Tac. A. 15, 68:

    in necem,

    Just. 16, 5, 12:

    in destinatam mortem,

    id. 20, 3, 4:

    in facinus,

    Dig. 49, 16, 3, § 21:

    in Augustum,

    Suet. Tib. 8.—Cf. impers.:

    conspiratum est in eum a sexaginta amplius,

    Suet. Caes. 80. —
    * (γ).
    With ad:

    ad res novas,

    Suet. Claud. 13.—
    * (δ).
    With ut:

    ut Senatum adorirentur,

    Suet. Caes. 9.—
    * (ε).
    With ne:

    conspirasse corporis partes, ne manus ad os cibum ferrent,

    Liv. 2, 32, 10.—
    * (ζ).
    With inf.:

    perdere aliquem,

    Suet. Claud. 37.—
    b.
    Part.: conspīrātus, a, um, having conspired, having entered into a conspiracy:

    his conspiratis factionum partibus,

    Phaedr. 1, 2, 4. —And subst.: conspīrāti, ōrum, m., like conjurati, the conspirators, Suet. Caes. 82; id. Galb. 19; id. Dom. 17; id. Ner. 43.— Hence, * conspīrātē, adv., with one accord, unanimously; in comp.:

    conspiratius ad arma concurrere,

    Just. 3, 5, 3.
    2.
    con-spīro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [spira], to coil up (very rare):

    anguis se conspiravit,

    Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 22.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > conspirati

  • 47 conspiro

    1.
    con-spīro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n., to blow or breathe together, to sound together.
    * I.
    Lit.:

    aereaque adsensu conspirant cornua rauco,

    Verg. A. 7, 615 (et tubae simul inflabantur, Serv.).—Far more freq. and in good prose,
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To harmonize, agree, accord: conspirans mutuus ardor, * Lucr. 4, 1216; cf.:

    tanta rerum consentiens, conspirans, continuata cognatio,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 19; 3, 11, 28:

    consilium omnis vitae consentiens et paene conspirans,

    id. Tusc. 5, 25, 72; id. Lig. 12, 34; Col. 3, 13, 7: in quibus (operibus) plurium conatus, praeeunte aliquā jucundā voce, conspirat, * Quint. 1, 10, 16:

    talis... animus, ut multae in illo artes... multarum aetatum exempla, sed in unum conspirata,

    harmoniously blending, Sen. Ep. 84, 10.—
    B.
    To agree together in thought or feeling, to accord, unite, combine.
    1.
    In a good sense:

    conligite vos, conspirate nobiscum, consentite cum bonis,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 26:

    mirabiliter populus Romanus universus et omnium generum ordinumque consensus ad liberandam rem publicam conspiravit,

    id. Fam. 10, 12, 4; cf. id. Phil. 3, 5, 13; Col. 3, 13, 7.— Impers.: in commune conspirabatur ab utroque (Cic. Oecon.?) 12 praef. § 8. —
    b.
    Part.: conspiratus, mid., having agreed, combined; acting in concert:

    milites legionis VIII. subito conspirati pila conjecerunt,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 46 Kraner ad loc.—
    2.
    In a bad sense, to plot together, to enter into a conspiracy, to conspire (so freq. in the histt. after the Aug. per., esp. in Suet.).
    (α).
    Absol.: priusquam plures civitates conspirarent, Caes. B. G. 3, 10 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 46; Suet. Caes. 9; id. Galb. 10.—
    (β).
    With in and acc.:

    in injuriam,

    Liv. 3, 36, 9; 3, 56, 12:

    in caedem alicujus,

    Tac. A. 15, 68:

    in necem,

    Just. 16, 5, 12:

    in destinatam mortem,

    id. 20, 3, 4:

    in facinus,

    Dig. 49, 16, 3, § 21:

    in Augustum,

    Suet. Tib. 8.—Cf. impers.:

    conspiratum est in eum a sexaginta amplius,

    Suet. Caes. 80. —
    * (γ).
    With ad:

    ad res novas,

    Suet. Claud. 13.—
    * (δ).
    With ut:

    ut Senatum adorirentur,

    Suet. Caes. 9.—
    * (ε).
    With ne:

    conspirasse corporis partes, ne manus ad os cibum ferrent,

    Liv. 2, 32, 10.—
    * (ζ).
    With inf.:

    perdere aliquem,

    Suet. Claud. 37.—
    b.
    Part.: conspīrātus, a, um, having conspired, having entered into a conspiracy:

    his conspiratis factionum partibus,

    Phaedr. 1, 2, 4. —And subst.: conspīrāti, ōrum, m., like conjurati, the conspirators, Suet. Caes. 82; id. Galb. 19; id. Dom. 17; id. Ner. 43.— Hence, * conspīrātē, adv., with one accord, unanimously; in comp.:

    conspiratius ad arma concurrere,

    Just. 3, 5, 3.
    2.
    con-spīro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [spira], to coil up (very rare):

    anguis se conspiravit,

    Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 22.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > conspiro

  • 48 constituo

    con-stĭtŭo, ŭi, ūtum, 3, v. a. [statuo], to cause to stand, put or lay down, to set, put, place, fix, station, deposit a person or thing somewhere (esp. firmly or immovably), etc. (the act. corresponding to consistere; class.).
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    Prop.:

    hominem ante pedes Q. Manilii constituunt,

    Cic. Clu. 13, 38:

    vobis (dīs) candentem taurum ante aras,

    Verg. A. 5, 237:

    impedimenta,

    Liv. 44, 36, 6:

    reliquias praedonum contractas in urbibus,

    Vell. 2, 32 fin.:

    unum aliquem lectorem,

    Quint. 2, 5, 6:

    velut in aliquā sublimi speculā constitutus,

    Lact. 2, 2, 18.—
    B.
    Trop.:

    cum hujus vobis adulescentiam proposueritis, constituitote vobis ante oculos etiam hujus miseri senectutem,

    Cic. Cael. 32, 79.—
    II.
    Esp.,
    A.
    Milit. t. t.
    1.
    To station or post troops somewhere, to draw up, set in order:

    legionem Caesar passibus CC. ab eo tumulo constituit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 43:

    legiones pro castris in acie,

    id. ib. 2, 8 fin.;

    4, 35: aciem ordinesque intra silvas,

    id. ib. 2, 19:

    octo cohortes in fronte,

    Sall. C. 59, 2:

    quod reliquum peditum erat, obliquo constituerunt colle,

    Liv. 28, 33, 8 al.:

    naves ad latus apertum hostium,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 25; cf.:

    naves aperto ac plano litore,

    id. ib. 4, 23 fin.:

    naves nisi in alto,

    id. ib. 4, 24:

    subsidiarias (naves) in secundo ordine, Auct. B. Alex. 14, 3: classem apud Salamina exadversum Athenas,

    Nep. Them. 3, 4; cf. id. Alcib. 8, 1:

    praesidia in Rutenis provincialibus,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 7.—Rarely of a single person: se constituere, to station or post one's self: dum se Gallus iterum eodem pacto constituere studet, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 13, 17.—
    2.
    In contrast with a march, to cause to halt:

    paulisper agmen constituit,

    Sall. J. 49, 5; so,

    agmen,

    Liv. 35, 28, 8; 38, 25, 12:

    signa paulisper novitate rei,

    id. 33, 10, 3; so,

    signa,

    id. 34, 20, 4.—And trop.:

    si constituitur aliquando (narratio) ac non istā brevitate percurritur,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 328.—
    B.
    With the access. idea of preparation, to set up, erect, establish, found, build, construct, prepare, make, create, constitute (class. and very freq.).
    1.
    Lit.:

    genus humanum, quorum omnia causā constituisse deos,

    Lucr. 2, 175:

    aggerem apparare, vineas agere, turres duas constituere coepit,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 17:

    turres,

    id. ib. 2, 12:

    turrim,

    id. ib. 2, 30:

    castella ad extremas fossas,

    id. ib. 2, 8:

    vineas ac testudines,

    Nep. Milt. 7, 2:

    locis certis horrea,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 42:

    inane sepulcrum,

    Ov. M. 6, 568:

    feralis cupressos,

    Verg. A. 6, 216:

    ingentem quercum in tumulo,

    id. ib. 11, 6:

    pyras curvo in litore,

    id. ib. 11, 185:

    quattuor aras ad alta delubra dearum,

    id. G. 4, 542; Suet. Aug. 59 fin.:

    aedem in foro geminis fratribus,

    id. Caes. 10:

    castra Romae,

    id. Tib. 37 et saep.:

    oppidum,

    to found, Caes. B. C. 1, 15; Nep. Cim. 2, 2; so,

    nova moenia,

    Verg. A. 12, 194; cf.:

    moenia in Aside terrā,

    Ov. M. 9, 449:

    domicilium sibi Magnesiae,

    Nep. Them. 10, 2:

    triplex Piraeei portus constitutus est,

    id. ib. 6, 1:

    hiberna omnium legionum in Belgis,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 38:

    di primum homines humo excitatos celsos et erectos constituerunt,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 56, 140.—
    2.
    Trop., to bring about, effect, establish, appoint, etc., freq. of judicial determinations, etc.: videte, [p. 438] per deos immortalis, quod jus nobis, quam condicionem vobismet ipsis, quam denique civitati legem constituere velitis, to establish, Cic. Caecin. 14, 40:

    jus melius Sullanis praediis quam paternis,

    id. Agr. 3, 3, 10:

    judicium,

    id. Part. Or. 28, 99:

    judicium de pecuniis repetundis,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 11:

    judicium capitis in se,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 141:

    controversiam,

    id. de Or. 1, 31, 143:

    quaestionem,

    Quint. 3, 11, 17; 4, 2, 10:

    ratiocinationem,

    id. 5, 14, 12:

    in hac accusatione comparandā constituendāque laborare,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 2; and of persons, to designate, appoint, select, put forward, etc.:

    accusatorem,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 10; Quint. 3, 10, 3 (cf.:

    comparare accusatorem,

    Cic. Clu. 67, 191):

    testis,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 55:

    tutores pupillis,

    Dig. 2, 1, 1 et saep.:

    nuper apud C. Orchivium collegam meum locus ab judicibus Fausto Sullae de pecuniis residuis non est constitutus,

    no trial of him was permitted, Cic. Clu. 34, 94:

    reum statim fecit, utique ei locus primus constitueretur impetravit,

    id. ib. 20, 56:

    fidem,

    id. Part. Or. 9, 31; cf. id. Sen. 18, 62:

    concordiam,

    id. Att. 8, 11, D, 1:

    si utilitas amicitiam constituet, tollet eadem,

    id. Fin. 2, 24, 78:

    amicitiam tecum,

    Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 7, 27 (cf. id. ib. §

    25: amicitiae permultae comparantur): libertatem,

    Cic. Fl. 11, 25:

    victoriam,

    id. Rosc. Am. 6, 16:

    pacem (opp. bellum gerere),

    id. ib. 8, 22:

    quantum mali sibi ac liberis suis,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 25, § 65.—
    C.
    With the access. idea of ordering, contriving, to establish, fix, appoint, settle, order, manage; to confirm, regulate, arrange, dispose.
    1.
    Lit.:

    Ti. et C. Gracchos plebem in agris publicis constituisse,

    to have established, Cic. Agr. 2, 5, 10; cf. id. ib. 2, 31, 83:

    ibi futuros Helvetios, ubi eos Caesar constituisset,

    should assign them a permanent abode, Caes. B. G. 1, 13:

    reges in civitate,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 15; cf. id. Off. 2, 12, 41:

    Commium regem ibi,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 21:

    decemviralem potestatem in omnibus urbibus,

    Nep. Lys. 2, 1; cf. Cic. Agr. 2, 7, 17:

    curatores legibus agrariis,

    id. ib.; cf.:

    publice patronum huic causae,

    id. Mur. 2, 4:

    regnum alicui,

    Nep. Chabr. 2, 1 al.:

    composita et constituta res publica,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 18, 42; cf.:

    bene morata et bene constituta civitas,

    id. Brut. 2, 7; so id. Agr. 2, 5, 10 fin.:

    civitates,

    to organize, id. de Or. 1, 9, 35:

    quis tibi concesserit... reliquas utilitates in constituendis civitatibus... a disertis ornateque dicentibus esse constitutas,

    id. ib. 1, 9, 36:

    Chersoneso tali modo constituto,

    Nep. Milt. 2, 4:

    res summā aequitate,

    id. ib. 2, 2; cf.:

    rem nummariam,

    Cic. Off. 3, 20, 80:

    rem familiarem,

    id. Phil. 11, 2, 4.—
    2.
    Trop.:

    ineuntis aetatis inscitia senum constituenda et regenda prudentiā est,

    Cic. Off. 1, 34, 122; cf.:

    majores vestri majestatis constituendae gratiā bis Aventinum occupavere,

    Sall. J. 31, 17; Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 6:

    jam perfectis constitutisque viribus,

    Quint. 10, 1, 57.— Pass. impers.: non tam sinistre constitutum est, ut non, etc., i. e. we are not so badly off as not, etc., Plin. Pan. 45, 5.—Of persons:

    Athenaeum in maximā apud regem auctoritate gratiāque,

    Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 6:

    aliquem sibi quaestoris in loco,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 77:

    in potestate aliquem,

    Lact. Epit. 55, 6:

    constituuntur in honoribus, cum magistratus creantur,

    Aug. Cont. adv. Leg. 1, 45 al. —
    D.
    With the access. idea of limiting, fixing, allotting, to fix, appoint something ( for or to something), to settle, agree upon, define, determine.
    1.
    Lit.:

    propter dissensionem placuerat dividi thesauros finesque imperii singulis constitui,

    Sall. J. 12, 1:

    summum pretium,

    Cic. Att. 12, 31, 2; cf.:

    pretium frumento,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 73, § 171:

    certam pecuniam proconsulibus,

    Suet. Aug. 36; id. Ner. 10:

    propria loca senatoribus,

    id. Claud. 21:

    diem nuptiis,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 180; cf.:

    nuptias in hunc diem,

    Ter. And. 1, 5, 34:

    diem concilio,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 30:

    diem colloquio,

    id. ib. 1, 47:

    posterum diem pugnae,

    id. ib. 3, 23 fin.:

    negotio proximum diem,

    Sall. J. 93, 8:

    certum tempus ei rei,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 19:

    grandiorem aetatem ad consulatum,

    Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 47:

    tempus in posterum diem locumque,

    Liv. 38, 25, 2:

    postquam ad constitutam non venerat diem,

    id. 27, 16, 16:

    locus, tempus constitutum est,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 3:

    modum credendi,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 3, 5: de numero pastorum alii angustius, alii laxius constituunt:

    ego in octogenas hirtas oves singulos pastores constitui, Atticus in centenas,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 10.—
    b.
    T. t. of the lang. of business, to accord, agree with one in a thing, to appoint, fix, to concert, agree upon, assent to (cf. Gron. Obss. p. 14 sq.); constr. aliquid cum aliquo, alicui, inter se, or with acc. only, or absol.
    (α).
    Cum aliquo:

    ubiea dies, quam constituerat cum legatis venit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 8:

    pactam et constitutam esse cum Manlio diem,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 9, 24:

    constitui cum quodam hospite, Me esse illum conventuram,

    Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 120:

    constitui cum hominibus, quo die mihi Messanae praesto essent,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 27, § 65: cum aliquo, ut, etc., Aug. ap. Suet. Calig. 8; cf. under P. a., B. 2.—
    (β).
    Alicui:

    L. Cincio HS. XXCD. constitui me curaturum Idibus Febr.,

    Cic. Att. 1, 7 init.; id. Off. 1, 10, 32:

    ubi nocturnae Numa constituebat amicae,

    Juv. 3, 12; cf.:

    sane, inquit, vellem non constituissem, in Tusculanum me hodie venturum esse, Laelio,

    id. de Or. 1, 62, 265.—
    (γ).
    With acc. only or absol.:

    vadimonia constituta,

    Cic. Sen. 7, 21:

    de pecuniā constitutā,

    Dig. 13, tit. 5; Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 4:

    (Vaccenses) compositis inter se rebus in diem tertiam constituunt,

    Sall. J. 66, 2:

    sic constituunt, sic condicunt,

    Tac. G. 11; Juv. 6, 487.— Pass. impers.:

    Avillius, ut erat constitutum, simulat se aegrotare,

    Cic. Clu. 13, 37.—
    2.
    Trop.:

    constituendi sunt qui sint in amicitiā fines deligendi,

    Cic. Lael. 16, 56:

    si forte quaereretur quae esset ars imperatoris, constituendum putarem principio, quis esset imperator: qui cum esset constitutus administrator quidam belli gerendi, tum adjungerem, etc. (for which, soon after, definire),

    id. de Or. 1, 48, 210; cf. C. 1. supra, and Quint. 12, 1, 1:

    nondum satis constitui molestiaene plus an voluptatis attulerit mihi Trebatius noster,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 1:

    ut constitueret, honestum esse aliquid quod, etc.,

    id. Off. 2, 3, 9:

    bona possessa non esse constitui,

    id. Quint. 29, 89:

    de hoc Antigonus cum solus constituere non auderet, ad consilium retulit,

    Nep. Eum. 12, 1.—
    E.
    With the access. idea of resolving, to determine to do something, to take a resolution, to resolve, decide, determine.
    (α).
    With inf.:

    si quis mare Neptunum Cereremque vocare Constituit fruges,

    Lucr. 2, 656:

    cohortes duas in Nantuatibus collocare,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 1:

    bellum cum Germanis gerere,

    id. ib. 4, 6:

    Romanorum adventum exspectare atque ibi decertare,

    id. ib. 4, 19:

    desciscere a rege,

    Nep. Dat. 5, 5.—
    (β).
    With acc. and inf.:

    audio constitutum esse Pompeio et ejus consilio in Siciliam me mittere,

    Cic. Att. 7, 7, 4. —
    (γ).
    With interrog.-clause:

    quantum pecuniae quaeque civitas daret, Aristides delectus est, qui constitueret,

    Nep. Arist. 3, 1. —
    (δ).
    With ut:

    rus uti irem, jam heri constitueram,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 136:

    constitueram, ut pridie Idus Aquini manerem,

    Cic. Att. 16, 10, 1:

    constituimus inter nos ut ambulationem conficeremus,

    id. Fin. 5, 1, 1:

    Lentulus cum ceteris constituerant, uti, etc.,

    Sall. C. 43, 1.—Hence, constĭtūtus, a, um, P. a.
    A.
    Adj. (acc. to B.), constituted, arranged, disposed:

    bene constitutum corpus,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 6, 17:

    viri sapientes et bene naturā constituti,

    id. Sest. 65, 137:

    quotus quisque philosophorum invenitur, qui sit ita moratus, ita animo ac vitā constitutus, ut ratio postulat,

    id. Tusc. 2, 4, 11:

    qui integri sunt et sani et bene constituti de rebus domesticis,

    id. Sest. 45, 97.—
    2.
    (Acc. to C.) Fixed, established:

    cursus siderum,

    Quint. 1, 10, 46:

    discrimina (opp. fortuita),

    id. 5, 10, 42:

    jam confirmatae constitutaeque vocis,

    id. 11, 3, 29.—
    B.
    Subst.: constĭtūtum, i, n.
    1.
    (Acc. to B.) An institution, ordinance, law (mostly postclass.), Cod. Th. 1, 11, 5; 12, 41, 1.—
    b.
    Trop.:

    cum videas ordinem rerum et naturam per constituta procedere,

    according to established laws, Sen. Q. N. 3, 16, 2.—
    2.
    (Acc. to D. 1. b.) An agreement, appointment, accommodation; a compact (in good prose):

    ante rem quaeruntur, quae talia sunt, apparatus, conloquia, locus, constitutum, convivium,

    Cic. Top. 12, 52; so absol., id. Att. 11, 16, 2; id. Cael. 8, 20:

    rescripsit constitutum se cum eo habere,

    id. Att. 12, 23, 3:

    constitutum factum esse cum servis, ut venirent, etc.,

    id. Cael. 25, 61; and humorously: si quod constitutum cum podagra habes, fac ut in alium diem differas, id. Fam. 7, 4; so,

    ad constitutum venire,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 1; Cic. Caecin. 12, 33:

    se proripu it,

    Suet. Oth. 6;

    and without a verb,

    Cic. Att. 12, 1, 1; Flor. 2, 6, 16 (but in Vell. 2, 110, 1, the better read. is consili).

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > constituo

  • 49 consto

    con-sto, stĭti, stātum (constātūrus, Sen. Clem. 1, 19, 3; Plin. 18, 5, 6, § 30; Luc. 2, 17; Mart. 10, 41, 5; Lact. Opif. Dei, 7, 11), 1, v. n.
    I.
    To stand together, stand with some person or thing.
    A.
    Lit. (very rare):

    constant, conserunt sermones inter se drapetae,

    Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 11.—
    B.
    Trop., to stand with, to agree with, be in accord or agreement, to correspond, fit.
    1.
    With cum and abl. (cf. consisto, II. B. 3.):

    considerabit, constetne oratio aut cum re aut ipsa secum,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 14, 45:

    sententiā non constare cum superioribus et inferioribus sententiis, etc.,

    Auct. Her. 2, 10, 14.—
    2.
    Absol.:

    veri similis narratio erit, si spatia temporum, personarum dignitates, consiliorum rationes, locorum opportunitates constabunt,

    Auct. Her. 1, 9, 16.—
    3.
    With dat.:

    si humanitati tuae constare voles,

    Cic. Att. 1, 11, 1.—And esp. with sibi, to agree, accord with itself, to remain like one's self, be consistent:

    in Oppianico sibi constare et superioribus consentire judiciis debuerunt,

    Cic. Clu. 22, 60; so,

    with consentire,

    id. Univ. 3 init.; id. Fin. 2, 11, 35:

    ut constare in vitae perpetuitate possimus nobismetipsis nec in ullo officio claudicare,

    id. Off. 1, 33, 119; so,

    sibi (opp. titubare),

    Quint. 5, 7, 11:

    sibi et rei judicatae,

    Cic. Clu. 38, 106:

    sibi,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 16; id. A. P. 127; cf.:

    constat idem omnibus sermo,

    Liv. 9, 2, 3.—
    4.
    In the phrase ratio constat, mercantile t. t., the account agrees or is correct, is or proves right:

    auri ratio constat: aurum in aerario est,

    Cic. Fl. 28, 69:

    quibus ratio impensarum constaret,

    was correct, accurately kept, Suet. Ner. 30.—
    (β).
    In postAug. prose, esp. in the younger Pliny, transf. from the sphere of business:

    mirum est, quam singulis diebus in urbe ratio aut constet aut constare videatur,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 1; cf. id. ib. 1, 5, 16; 3, 18, 10; 2, 4, 4; 7, 6, 4; id. Pan. 38, 4; Just. praef. § 5: eam condicionem esse imperandi, ut non aliter ratio [p. 439] constet, quam si uni reddatur, Tac. A. 1, 6 fin.
    II.
    With the access. idea of firmness, to stand firm, to remain immovable, unchanging, steadfast, to abide, last, endure, persevere, etc. (very freq. in all perr. and styles).
    A.
    In gen.:

    prius quam totis viribus fulta constaret hostium acies,

    Liv. 3, 60, 9; cf.:

    nec pugna deinde illis constare,

    id. 1, 30, 10:

    ut non color, non vultus ei constaret,

    id. 39, 34, 7; cf.:

    valetudo ei neque corporis neque animi constitit,

    Suet. Calig. 50; and:

    dum sanitas constabit,

    Phaedr. 4, 24, 30:

    non mentibus solum consipere, sed ne auribus quidem atque oculis satis constare poterant,

    Liv. 5, 42, 3; cf.:

    in ebrietate lingua non constat,

    Sen. Ep. 83, 27:

    mente vix constare,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 39; cf. Liv. 8, 19, 6; 44, 20, 7:

    quā in sententia si constare voluissent,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 14; cf. Caes. B. G. 5, 36 fin.:

    numerus legionum constat,

    id. ib. 7, 35:

    ceteris exercitibus constare fidem,

    Tac. H. 2, 96:

    utrimque fides constitit,

    kept their word, Liv. 37, 32, 13; 2, 13, 9.— Poet.: cum sint huc forsitan illa, Haec translata illuc;

    summā tamen omnia constant,

    i. e. the principal sum remains always the same, Ov. M. 15, 258:

    postquam cuncta videt caelo constare sereno,

    every thing continues in unbroken serenity, Verg. A. 3, 518:

    constitit in nullā qui fuit ante color,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 120.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Milit. t. t., to stop, halt: multitudinem procul hostium constare videtur, Sisenn. ap. Non. p. 273, 4.—
    2.
    Of facts, reports, etc., to be established, settled, certain, manifest, evident, well known:

    quae cum constent, perspicuum debet esse, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:

    eorum quae constant exempla ponemus, horum quae dubia sunt, exempla adferemus, id. mv 1, 38, 68: quod nihil nobis constat,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 5:

    cum et factum constet et nomen, qualia sint vocatur in dubium,

    Cic. Part. Or. 12, 42; cf.:

    cum factum constat, sed a quo sit factum in controversiam venit,

    Quint. 7, 2, 8; and impers., with acc. and inf.:

    mihi multa agitanti constabat, paucorum civium egregiam virtutem cuncta patravisse,

    Sall. C. 53, 4; cf.:

    quod omnibus constabat, hiemari in Gallia oportere,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 29 fin., and Cic. Clu. 13, 38.—
    b.
    Constat (constabat, constabit, etc., it is settled, established, undisputed, certain, well known, etc.), Cic. Mil. 6, 14; id. Quint. 29, 89; Caes. B. G. 3, 6; 3, 9 al.; Ov. M. 7, 533; Quint. 4, 2, 90 et saep.—So freq.: constat inter omnes, with acc. and inf., all agree, all are convinced:

    sed tum nimis inter omnis constabat neminem esse resalutatum,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 41, 106:

    quae propositio in se quiddam continet perspicuum et quod constare inter omnis necesse est, hanc velle approbare et firmare nihil attinet,

    in which all must agree, id. Inv. 1, 36, 62 dub. (B. and K. stare); Caes. B. G. 7, 44; Nep. Alcib. 1, 1; Quint. 6, 1, 8 et saep.; cf.

    also: constare inter homines sapientissimos (for which, just after: omnium consensu sic esse judicatum),

    Cic. de Or. 3, 1, 3:

    inter suos,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 47:

    inter augures, Liv 10, 6, 7 et saep.: cum de Magio constet,

    Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3; cf.:

    de facto constat,

    Quint. 7, 2, 7; so with de, id. 7, 2, 11; 4, 2, 5:

    etsi non satis mihi constiterat, cum aliquāne animi mei molestiā an potius, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 1, 1:

    nec satis certum constare apud animum poterat, utrum, etc.,

    Liv. 30, 28, 1:

    quid cuique sit opus constare decet,

    Quint. 3, 9, 8; so id. 3, 8, 25:

    quid porro quaerendum est? Factumne sit? At constat. A quo? At patet,

    Cic. Mil. 6, 15; so absol., id. Verr. 2, 3, 21, § 54.—
    3.
    Of a resolve.
    (α).
    Impers.: mihi (ei) constat, = certum est, it is my ( his) fixed determination, I am determined, I am fully resolved (rare): mihi quidem constat, nec meam contumeliam, nec meorum ferre, Anton. ap. Cic. Phil. 13, 19, 42:

    neque satis Bruto neque tribunis militum constabat, quid agerent,

    were undecided, Caes. B. G. 3, 14:

    ut nihil ei constet quod agat,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 35.—
    (β).
    With the resolve as subject:

    animo constat sententia,

    Verg. A. 5, 748:

    cum constitit consilium,

    when my mind was fully made up, Cic. Att. 8, 11, 1.—
    4.
    In gen., as opp. to that which has no existence, to exist, be, abide (esp. in Lucr.):

    (corpora) quoniam fragili naturā praedita constant,

    Lucr. 1, 582; 1, 246; 1, 510 et saep.:

    antiquissimi fere sunt, quorum quidem scripta constent,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 22, 93; id. Verr. 2, 2, 76, § 187: qui sine manibus et pedibus constare deum posse decreverunt, id. N. D. 1, 33, 92:

    si ipsa mens constare potest vacans corpore,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 25.—
    5.
    With ex, in, de, or the abl. (in Cic. only with ex; cf. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 4, 8, 19), to consist in or of, to be composed of, to rest upon something, etc.
    (α).
    With ex (very freq. in prose and poetry):

    fulminis ignem e parvis constare figuris,

    Lucr. 2, 385:

    homo ex animo constat et corpore,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 98;

    id. Fin. l. l.: simplex (jus) e dulci constat olivo,

    Hor. S. 2, 4, 64:

    ea virtus, quae constat ex hominibus tuendis,

    Cic. Off. 1, 44, 157 et saep.—
    (β).
    With in and abl. (very rare):

    victoriam in earum cohortium virtute constare,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 89 fin.; Nep. Att. 14 fin.
    * (γ).
    With de:

    partus duplici de semine,

    Lucr. 4, 1229.—
    (δ).
    With abl. (freq. in Lucr. and Quint.):

    aeterno quia constant semine quaeque,

    Lucr. 1, 221; 1, 484; 1, 518 et saep.:

    agri campis, vineis, etc.,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 19, 5:

    constat tota oratio longioribus membris, brevioribus periodis,

    Quint. 9, 4, 134; 5, 10, 63 et saep.:

    causa constat aut unius rei controversiā aut plurium,

    id. 3, 10, 1. omnis disciplina memoriā, id. 11, 2, 1. omne jus aut scripto aut moribus, id. 12, 3, 6 et saep.—
    6.
    Mercantile t. t., like our phrase, to stand at, i. e. to cost; constr. with abl.. gen., etc., of price (cf. Zumpt, Gr. § 444).
    a.
    Lit.
    (α).
    With abl.:

    ut unae quadrigae Romae constiterint quadringentis milibus,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 14; Suet. Vit. 19:

    filius auro,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 57:

    navis gratis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 48 (al. stare):

    HS. sex milibus tibi constant,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 12, §

    28: tanto nobis deliciae,

    Plin. 12, 18, 41, § 84:

    magno tibi,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 6, 4:

    parvo,

    Pall. Febr. 9, 12; cf.

    gratis,

    Sen. Ep. 104, 34; Aug. Serm. 385, 6.—
    (β).
    With gen.:

    (ambulatiuncula) prope dimidio minoris constabit isto loco,

    Cic. Att. 13, 29, 2; Suet. Ner. 27 fin.:

    quanti funus,

    id. Vesp. 19; Juv. 7, 45.—
    (γ).
    With adv.: quod mihi constat carius, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 272, 25; so,

    vilissime,

    Col. 9, 1. 6.—
    (δ).
    With sup.:

    cujus area super HS. millies constitit,

    Suet. Caes. 26.—
    b.
    Trop.:

    edocet, quanto detrimento et quot virorum fortium morte necesse sit constare victoriam,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 19:

    odia constantia magno,

    Ov. H. 7, 47:

    imperia pretio quolibet constant bene,

    Sen. Phoen. 664.—Hence, constans, antis, P. a. (acc. to II. 1.), standing firm, firm, unchangeable, constant, immovable, uniform, fixed, stable, invariable (freq. and class.).
    A.
    Lit.:

    mellis constantior est natura (sc. quam aquae),

    Lucr. 3, 192:

    constans uva contra tenorem unum algoris aestusve,

    Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 27:

    cujus in indomito constantior inguine nervus, Quam nova arbor, etc.,

    Hor. Epod. 12, 19:

    cursus certi et constantes,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 9, 24; cf.:

    constans reversio stellarum (with conveniens),

    id. ib. 2, 21, 54:

    constantissimus motus lunae,

    id. Div. 2, 6, 17:

    nihil (mundo) motu constantius,

    id. N. D. 3, 9, 23; 2, 21, 54:

    constanti vultu graduque,

    Liv. 5, 46, 3: aetas, the mature age (of an adult), Cic. Sen. 10, 33; cf.:

    constans aetas, quae media dicitur,

    id. ib. 20, 76:

    aetate nondum constanti,

    Suet. Galb. 4:

    pax,

    firm, secure, Liv. 6, 25, 6:

    fides,

    Hor. C. 3, 7, 4:

    an ire comminus et certare pro Italiā constantius foret,

    safer, Tac. H. 3, 1. —
    b.
    Agreeing or accordant with itself, consistent, harmonious:

    quemadmodum in oratione constanti, sic in vitā omnia sint apta inter se et convenientia,

    Cic. Off. 1, 40, 144:

    nihil intellego dici potuisse constantius,

    id. Tusc. 5, 9, 25; cf.:

    incredibilia an inter se constantia,

    Quint. 5, 4, 2:

    rumores,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 9, 1:

    constans parum memoria hujus anni,

    Liv. 10, 37, 13:

    constans fama erat,

    Suet. Caes. 6; so,

    opinio,

    id. Tib. 39; id. Vesp. 4 al.—
    B.
    Trop., intellectually or morally certain, sure, steadfast, constant, faithful, steady, unchanging:

    firmi et stabiles et constantes amici,

    Cic. Lael. 17, 62; cf. Nep. Lys. 2, 2:

    quem hominem? Levem? imo gravissimum. Mobilem? imo constantissimum,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 16, 49; cf. opp. varium, id. Fragm. ap. Quint. 6, 3, 48 Spald.:

    pater amens at is quidem fuit omnium constantissimus,

    a very constant, steadfast man, Cic. Rosc. Am. 14, 41; cf.:

    prudens et constans (testis),

    Quint. 5, 7, 26; and under adv.:

    (Helvidius Priscus) recti pervicax, constans adversus metus,

    Tac. H. 4, 5 fin.:

    constans Fortuna tantum in levitate suā,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 8, 18; cf.: neque fidei constans, neque strenuus in perfidiā, Tac. H. 3, 57:

    constantior In vitiis, etc.,

    Hor. S. 2, 7, 18.— Adv.: constanter.
    1.
    (Acc. to A.) Firmly, immovably, steadily, constantly:

    manere in suo statu,

    Cic. Univ. 13: constanter ac perpetuo placet consilium, Brut. ap. Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 16, 9:

    vitiis gaudere constanter,

    Hor. S. 2, 7, 6.— Comp.:

    ut maneamus in perspicuis firmius et constantius,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 14, 45.— Sup.:

    impetus caeli constantissime conficiens vicissitudinis anniversarias,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 38, 97.—
    b.
    Harmoniously, evenly, uniformly, consistently:

    constanter et aequaliter ingrediens oratio,

    Cic. Or. 58, 198:

    sibi constanter convenienterque dicere,

    id. Tusc. 5, 9, 26; cf. id. ib. 5, 9, 24; in comp., id. ib. 5, 9, 25; in sup., id. ib. 5, 8, 23; id. Ac. 2, 3, 9; so,

    hi constanter omnes nuntiaverunt,

    with one voice, unanimously, Caes. B. G. 2, 2:

    aequabilius atque constantius sese res humanae haberent,

    Sall. C. 2, 3:

    aequabilius atque constantius regere provincias,

    Tac. A. 15, 21 fin.
    2.
    (Acc. to B.) Steadily, calmly, tranquilly, sedately:

    constanter ac non trepide pugnare,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 25; cf.

    agere, Auct. B. Afr. 84: proelium inire,

    Suet. Vesp. 4; id. Tib. 19:

    constanter et sedate ferre dolorem,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 20, 46:

    constanter et libere se gerere,

    id. Att. 4, 16, 9:

    constanter prudenterque fit,

    id. Tusc. 4, 6, 12:

    constanter delata beneficia (with judicio, considerate, and opp. repentino quodam impetu),

    id. Off. 1, 15, 49.— Comp.:

    cetera exsequi,

    Suet. Aug. 10:

    acrius quam constantius proelium inire,

    Curt. 4, 6, 14.— Sup.:

    amicitias retinere,

    Suet. Aug. 66; id. Tib. 45 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > consto

  • 50 contendo

    con-tendo, di, tum, 3, v. a. and n., to stretch, stretch out vigorously, to draw tight, strain.
    I.
    Lit. (rare and mostly poet.):

    arcum,

    Verg. A. 12, 815; Ov. M. 6, 286; id. R. Am. 435: tormenta, Sisen. ap. Non. p. 258, 27; Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 57: muscipula, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 181, 31:

    tenacia vincla,

    Verg. G. 4, 412:

    ilia risu,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 285: pontem in alto, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 21 Müll. (Ann. v. 358 Vahl.):

    oculi contendunt se,

    Lucr. 4, 810.— Of stringed instruments, to tune by stretching the strings:

    ut in fidibus pluribus, si nulla earum ita contenta nervis sit, ut concentum servare possit,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 27, 75; cf. infra, P. a.—
    B.
    Meton.
    1.
    (Causa pro effectu.) Of weapons, to shoot, hurl, dart, throw:

    infensam hastam,

    Verg. A. 10, 521:

    tela,

    id. ib. 12, 815:

    sagittas nervo,

    Sil. 1, 323:

    telum aërias in auras,

    Verg. A. 5, 520. —
    2.
    Of places, neutr., to stretch, reach, extend:

    haec patulum vallis contendit in orbem,

    Calp. Ecl. 7, 30:

    Cappadocum gens usque ad Cyrresticam ejus regionem parte suā, quae vocatur Cataonia, contendit,

    Plin. 6, 8, 8, § 24.—
    II.
    Trop. (freq. in prose and poetry); act., to strain eagerly, to stretch, exert, to direct one's mental powers to something, to pursue or strive for earnestly; or neutr., to exert one's self, to strive zealously for something, etc.
    A.
    In gen.
    1.
    Act.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    magnum fortasse onus, verum tamen dignum, in quo omnis nervos aetatis industriaeque meae contenderem,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 12, 35; cf.:

    contendit omnis nervos Chrysippus, ut persuadeat, etc.,

    id. Fat. 10, 21:

    summas vires de palmā,

    Lucr. 4, 990:

    animum in curas,

    Ov. P. 1, 5, 11:

    quo se dira libido,

    Lucr. 4, 1043:

    tamen id sibi contendendum aut aliter non transducendum exercitum existimabat,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 17; cf.:

    id contendere et laborare, ne ea, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 31; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 21, § 52: et petere imperium populi et contendere honores, Varr. ap. Non. p. 259, 32.—
    (β).
    With inf., to exert one's self vigorously to do something, to apply one's self with zeal to, to go to:

    hunc locum duabus ex partibus oppugnare contendit,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 21:

    summā vi transcendere in hostium naves,

    id. ib. 3, 15:

    fugā salutem petere,

    id. ib. al.; Quint. 10, 1, 125:

    neque ego nunc hoc contendo... mutare animum, sed, etc.,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 13, § 38.—
    2.
    Neutr.:

    quantum coniti animo potes, quantum labore contendere... tantum fac ut efficias,

    Cic. Off. 3, 2, 6.— With ut:

    quántum potero voce contendam, ut populus hoc Romanus exaudiat,

    Cic. Lig. 3, 6; so,

    remis, ut eam partem insulae caperet,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 8 et saep.:

    contende quaeso atque elabora, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 14, § 42.— Absol.:

    vociferarer et, quantum maxime possem, contenderem,

    Cic. Fl. 16, 38 al.:

    non possis oculo quantum contendere Lynceus (= collineare),

    to aim at, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 28.—
    B.
    In partic.,
    1.
    To direct or bend one's course eagerly somewhere; or, neutr., to strive to get to a place, to seek to arrive at, to go, march, or journey hastily to, etc.
    a.
    Act.
    (α).
    With acc. (very rare):

    rectā plateā cursum suum,

    Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 58:

    nocte unā tantum itineris,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 34, 97.—
    (β).
    With inf. (freq.):

    Bibracte ire,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 23; so,

    ire cum his legionibus,

    id. ib. 1, 10:

    in Britanniam proficisci,

    id. ib. 4, 20:

    in provinciam reverti,

    id. ib. 3, 6 fin.:

    Dyrrhachium petere,

    Cic. Planc. 41, 97; cf.:

    proxima litora petere cursu,

    Verg. A. 1, 158; and:

    iter a Vibone Brundisium terrā petere,

    Cic. Planc. 40, 96 Wund.—
    b.
    Neutr. (so most freq.):

    in Italiam magnis itineribus,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 10; cf.:

    huc magnis itineribus,

    id. ib. 1, 38 fin.:

    huc magno cursu,

    id. ib. 3, 19:

    inde in Italiam,

    id. ib. 1, 33:

    in fines Sigambrorum,

    id. ib. 4, 18:

    in castra,

    id. ib. 4, 37:

    ex eo loco ad flumen,

    id. ib. 2, 9:

    ad Rhenum finesque Germanorum,

    id. ib. 1, 27 fin.:

    ad oppidum Noviodunum,

    id. ib. 2, 12:

    ad castra,

    id. ib. 2, 19 fin.; 3, 24 fin.:

    ad hostes,

    id. ib. 5, 9:

    ad Amanum,

    Cic. Att. 5, 20, 3: Tarentum ad Heraclidem Ponticum, Varr. ap. Non. p. 260, 19:

    Lacedaemonem,

    Nep. Cim. 3, 3:

    domum,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 24 fin. et saep.:

    ad ultimum animo,

    Cic. Mur. 31, 65; cf.:

    magna spectare atque ad ea rectis studiis contendere,

    id. Off. 2, 13, 44:

    ad summam laudem gloriamque maximis laboribus et periculis,

    id. Phil. 14, 12, 32:

    ad salutem,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 3 fin.
    2.
    ( Neutr.) To measure or try one's strength with, with weapons, by words, in action, etc.; to strive, dispute, fight, contend against, vie with; constr. with cum aliquo, contra or adversus aliquem, the dat., inter se, or absol.
    (α).
    Cum aliquo:

    neque post id tempus umquam summis nobiscum copiis hostes contenderunt,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 17 fin.; 1, 36:

    cum Sequanis bello,

    id. ib. 7, 67 fin.:

    cum eo armis,

    Cic. Att. 7, 9, 2:

    cum magnis legionibus parvā manu,

    Sall. C. 53, 3:

    cum barbaro,

    Nep. Con. 4, 3:

    cum victore,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 42:

    mecum ingenio et arte,

    Prop. 2 (3), 24, 23 al.:

    cum eo de principatu,

    Nep. Arist. 1, 1; cf. id. Ages. 1, 4 al.:

    divitiis et sumptibus, non probitate neque industriā cum majoribus suis,

    Sall. J. 4, 7:

    humilitas cum dignitate et amplitudine,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 136.—So with acc. of neutr. pron.:

    tamenne vereris, ut possis haec contra Hortensium contendere?

    Cic. Quint. 25, 78.—
    (β).
    Contra aliquem:

    contra populum Romanum armis,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 13:

    tauri pro vitulis contra leones summā vi impetuque contendunt,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 66:

    contra vim gravitatemque morbi,

    id. Phil. 9, 7, 15:

    nihil contra naturam universam,

    id. Off. 1, 31, 110; Cat. 64, 101.—
    * (γ).
    Adversus aliquem: non contendam ego adversus te, Anton. ap. Cic. Att. 14, 13, A, 2.—
    (δ).
    With dat. ( poet.):

    hirundo cycnis,

    Lucr. 3, 6:

    Homero,

    Prop. 1, 7, 3; 1, 14, 7:

    Pindaricis plectris,

    Stat. S. 1, 3, 101.—
    (ε).
    Inter se:

    hi cum tantopere de potentatu inter se multos annos contenderent,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 4; 1, 5, 3:

    viribus inter se,

    Lucr. 3, 784.— Impers.:

    interim proelio equestri inter duas acies contendebatur,

    the contest was carried on, Caes. B. G. 2, 9.—
    (ζ).
    Absol.:

    proelio,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 48; 1, 50 fin.;

    3, 28 al.: magis virtute quam dolo,

    id. ib. 1, 13; Nep. Epam. 2, 5:

    translatio non habet quaestionem, de quā contendit orator, sed propter quam contendit,

    Quint. 3, 6, 72; cf. id. 6, 1, 50; 7, 9, 3 al.— Impers.:

    summo jure contenditur,

    Cic. Caecin. 23, 65:

    de his lite contenditur,

    Quint. 3, 4, 8:

    de personis judicatur, sed de rebus contenditur,

    id. 10, 5, 13.—
    * b.
    In auctions, to vie with in bidding, to bid against: is liceri non destitit;

    illi quoad videbatur ferri aliquo modo posse, contenderunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 42, § 99.—
    3.
    ( Act.) To place together in comparison, to compare, contrast; constr. with cum, ad, the dat., or acc. only.
    (α).
    With cum: tuam iram contra cum ira Liberi, Naev. ap. Non. p. 259, 7; Caecil. ib. p. 259, 1:

    id cum defensione nostrā,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 33, 93:

    rationem meam cum tuā ratione,

    id. N. D. 3, 4, 10; Tac. A. 4, 32 al.: suam vitam mecum, Licinius, Macer. ap. Non. p. 259, 3.—
    * (β).
    With ad: ut vim contendas tuam ad majestatem viri, Att. ap. Non. p. 259, 5 (Trag. Rel. v. 648 Rib.).—
    (γ).
    With dat.: Thestiadas Ledae, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 258, 30:

    vellera potantia Aquinatem fucum Sidonio ostro,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 26; Aus. Grat. Act. 14 al.—
    (δ).
    With [p. 447] acc. only: anulum, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 258, 29:

    ipsas causas, quae inter se confligunt,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 25:

    leges,

    id. Inv. 2, 49, 145:

    suam quaeque nobilitatem, formam, opes,

    Tac. A. 12, 1:

    vetera et praesentia,

    id. ib. 13, 3.—
    4.
    ( Act.) To demand, ask, solicit, entreat, beg earnestly, to seek to gain:

    cum a me peteret et summe contenderet, ut suum propinquum defenderem,

    Cic. Quint. 24, 77:

    verecundius a te, si quae magna res mihi petenda esset, contenderem,

    id. Fam. 2, 6, 1; so,

    ab aliquo,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 53, § 131; id. de Or. 1, 36, 166; id. Rosc. Am. 1, 4; id. Fam. 13, 7, 3; cf.:

    a magistris de proferendo die,

    id. ib. 12, 30, 5; id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 5, § 15:

    ne quid contra aequitatem,

    id. Off. 2, 20, 71:

    omni opere, ut, etc.,

    Suet. Dom. 2:

    magno opere, ne, etc.,

    id. Aug. 27; id. Vit. 3:

    pertinaciter,

    id. Caes. 1.—
    5.
    ( Act.) To assert, affirm earnestly, to maintain or contend energetically.
    (α).
    With acc. and inf.:

    sic ego hoc contendo, me tibi ipsi adversario cujuscumque tribus rationem poposceris redditurum,

    Cic. Planc. 19, 48; id. Sest. 50, 107; id. Arch. 7, 15:

    apud eos contendit falsa esse delata,

    Nep. Them. 7, 2; id. Epam. 8, 1:

    illud pro me majoribusque meis contendere ausim, nihil nos... scientes fuisse,

    Liv. 6, 40, 5; Quint. prooem. § 11; 1, 2, 25; Suet. Calig. 15; id. Dom. 6; Lucr. 5, 1343; Cat. 44, 4; Ov. M. 2, 855; Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 37 al.—
    (β).
    Absol. (very rare):

    si manantia corpuscula iter claudunt, ut Asclepiades contendit,

    Cels. 1, praef. § 28.—Hence, contentus, a, um, P. a.
    A.
    Lit., stretched, strained, tense, tight:

    qui jam contento, jam laxo fune laborat,

    Hor. S. 2, 7, 20:

    acies oculorum,

    Lucr. 1, 325; cf.:

    contentis oculis prosequi aliquem,

    Suet. Tib. 7:

    contentis corporibus facilius feruntur onera (opp. remissa),

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 23, 54; cf.:

    contentā cervice trahunt plaustra (boves),

    Verg. G. 3, 536:

    Placideiani contento poplite miror Proelia,

    with the knee stiffly bent, Hor. S. 2, 7, 97.—
    B.
    Trop., eager, intent:

    contenta mens fuit in eā ratione,

    Lucr. 4, 965; cf. Ov. M. 15, 515:

    et contentā voce atrociter dicere et summissā leniter,

    Cic. Or. 17, 56:

    ad tribunatum contento studio cursuque veniamus,

    id. Sest. 6, 13.— Sup.:

    contentissimā voce clamitans,

    App. M. 4, p. 147.— Adv.: con-tentē, earnestly, with great exertion, vehemently:

    pro se dicere... mittere contentius,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 57; cf.:

    acriter atque contente pro suis decretis propugnare,

    Gell. 18, 1, 2:

    contentissime clamitare, App. Flor. n. 8: contentius ambulare,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 97:

    ornamentis iisdem uti fere licebit, alias contentius, alias summissius,

    id. de Or. 3, 55, 212:

    aliquid curiose atque contente lectitare,

    Gell. 3, 3, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > contendo

  • 51 contra

    contrā, adv. and prep. [stem con, i. e. cum, through a comparative form conter; cf.: alter, uter, inter, praeter, etc.; in abl. fem. form like the locative adverbs ea, qua, etc.; cf.: ultra, intra, extra, citra], orig., in comparison with; hence, over against, fronting, in front, opposite, in opposition to, against, contrary to, opposed to, etc.
    I.
    Adv. (referring to an opposed object often with the force of a preposition with ellipsis of a pronoun, = against it, against him, etc.).
    A.
    Local.
    1.
    Lit., of position in front of a person, place, or thing.
    a.
    With verb of being or position expressed or understood.
    (α).
    Referring to living beings, opposite, in face of, face to face, facing, in front of, fronting, confronting (not in Cic., Caes., or Sall.):

    feminam scelestam te, adstans contra, contuor,

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 26:

    ut confidenter mihi contra adstitit,

    id. Capt. 3, 5, 6; Lucr. 4, 223; 6, 929:

    signum contra, quoad longissume oculi ferebant, animo finivit,

    Liv. 1, 18, 8:

    stat contra starique jubet,

    Juv. 3, 290:

    stat contra dicitque tibi tua pagina Fures!

    Mart. 1, 55, 12:

    ulmus erat contra,

    in front of her, Ov. M. 14, 661:

    templa vides contra,

    in front (of us), id. ib. 7, 587.—Of position in front of the enemy:

    contra conserta manu,

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 3: contra consistere, to make front against them, Caes. B. G. 2, 17.—
    (β).
    Referring to things and places, over against (it), opposite (to it), on the opposite side (mostly post-Aug.):

    contra jacet Cancer patulam distentus in alvum,

    Manil. 2, 253:

    posita contra Hispania,

    Tac. Agr. 11:

    promuntorium quod contra procedit,

    Plin. 4, 2, 3, § 6: relinquendae autem contra erunt vacuae tabellae, on the opposite side, i. e. of the leaf, Quint. 10, 3, 32: illo quaerente cur non decidant contra siti, the antipodes (cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; v. II. A. 1. c. a), Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161.—With the governing verb understood:

    arguam hanc vidisse apud te contra conservum meum,

    face to face, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 91:

    jam omnia contra circaque hostium plena erant, Liv 5, 37, 8: eadem verba contra (i. e. ponuntur),

    side by side, Quint. 9, 3, 36; Verg. A. 6, 23.—
    b.
    With verbs of motion, so as to be opposite to an object or face to face with a person, variously rendered.
    (α).
    Referring to persons:

    accede ad me atque adi contra,

    come right up to me, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 23; id. Bacch. 3, 6, 6: hostes crebri cadunt; nostri contra ingruunt, advance to their front (in Plaut. hostility is not implied in contra), id. Am. 1, 1, 84: quis nos pater aut cognatu' volet contra tueri, face to face, eye to eye, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 12 Mull. (Trag. Rel. v. 444 Rib.); Att. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 55 (Trag. Rel. v. 538 ib.):

    adspicedum contra me = contra adspice me,

    Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 56 Lorenz ad lec.:

    contra adspicere,

    id. Mil. 2, 1, 45:

    contra intueri,

    Liv. 1, 16, 6; 9, 6, 8; Sen. Q. N. 1, 3, 6:

    cum veniret contra Marcianus,

    Quint. 6, 3, 95; Plin. 9, 46, 70, § 152.—
    (β).
    Of things:

    hic ubi sol radiis... Adversa fulsit nimborum aspergine contra,

    Lucr. 6, 525; Cels. 8, 8, 1:

    quam (turrim) promoti contra validi asseres... perfregere,

    Tac. H. 4, 30.—Reciprocally: oscula non pervenientia contra, not coming through (the wall) so as to meet, Ov. M. 4, 80.—
    2.
    Transf. to equivalents of weight, value, and price; so,
    (α).
    In Plaut. only in the colloq. phrases auro contra, aurichalco contra, and contra auro (sc. posito); lit., for gold placed against; cf.:

    aes contrarium, s. v. contrarius: (servus) non carus'st auro contra,

    at his weight in gold, Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 30: jam auro contra constat filius, id. Truc. 2, 6, 57 (Speng. aurichalco): auro contra cedo modestum amatorem! A me aurum accipe. Pa. Cedo mihi contra aurichalco quoi ego sano serviam, id. Curc. 1, 3, 45 sq.; id. Mil. 3, 1, 63; 4, 2, 85; id. Ps. 2, 3, 23.—
    (β).
    In post-Aug. prose (very rare):

    at si aquae et ejus rei quam contra pensabis par pondus erit, nec pessum ibit, nec exstabit, etc.,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—
    3.
    Of reciprocal actions, = vicissim, in turn, in return, back, on my, his, etc., part, likewise, counter-.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    te ut deludam contra, lusorem meum,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 71:

    quae me amat, quam ego contra amo,

    id. Merc. 5. 2, 77; id. Cist. 1, 1, 96; id. Trin. 4, 2, 55; id. As. 2, 2, 110:

    qui arguat se, eum contra vincat jurejurando suo,

    make a victorious counter-charge, id. Mil. 2, 2, 37:

    si laudabit haec Illius formam, tu hujus contra (i. e. lauda),

    Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 54:

    audi nunc contra jam,

    listen in turn, id. Phorm. 4, 4, 18; id. Ad. 5, 4, 23:

    at tu mihi contra nunc videre fortunatus, Phaedria, Cui, etc.,

    you likewise seem fortunate to me, id. Phorm. 1, 3, 21:

    Mettius Tullo gratulatur, contra Tullus Mettium benigne alloquitur,

    Liv. 1, 28, 1:

    contra ut me diligat illa,

    Cat. 76. 23; Hor. S. 1, 3, 27 Orell. ad loc.—Hence, with ellipsis of inquit, = respondit:

    cui latrans contra senex,

    Phaedr. 5, 10, 7:

    scietis, inquam, etc., contra Nigrinus: ad quem missi sunt? ego, etc.,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 6, 4.—

    Rarely with inquit, etc., expressed: at ille contra, renidens, Audi, inquit, discipule, etc.,

    Gell. 15, 9, 9; cf.:

    contra talia reddit,

    Claud. B. Gild. 379.—
    (β).
    With dat. pers.:

    consulo quem dolum doloso contra conservo parem,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 45:

    facere contra huic aegre,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 10:

    hiscine contra insidiabere?

    id. Hec. 1. 1, 13:

    tibi contra gratiam Referre,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 7.—
    (γ).
    With item:

    item a me contra factum est,

    Plaut. Aul. prol. 20:

    puellam senex Amat et item contra filius,

    id. Cas. prol. 49; id. Pers. 5, 2, 36; id. Am. 1, 1, 67; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 25.—
    (δ).
    Combining a reciprocal with a local relation (A. 1. a. a, and b. a): contra carinantes verba, exchanging abusive words ( face to face), Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 8, 361 (Ann. v. 181 Vahl.): tubae utrimque contra canunt;

    Consonat terra,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 73; 1, 1, 86:

    confer gradum Contra pariter,

    id. Ps. 2, 4, 18; id. Truc. 1, 2, 28:

    video amicam... Ubi contra adspexit me, etc.,

    id. Mil. 2, 1, 45; Verg. E. 7, 8; cf. Lucr. 4, 243:

    vesper adest, juvenes consurgite!... Cernitis, innuptae, juvenes? consurgite contra!

    Cat. 62, 6.—
    (ε).
    Implying also opposition: Pe. Conpellabo. Ph. Orationis aciem contra conferam, Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 20:

    si scias quod donum huic dono contra comparet,

    what counter gift, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 63: quod Scipio postulavit... ut, etc. Et quod contra collega postulavit ne, etc., Annal. Trib. Pleb. ap. Gell. 7 (6), 19, 5:

    si vobis aequa et honesta postulatio videtur, ego contra brevem postulationem adfero,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 7; Nep. Epam. 6, 1;

    Auct. B. Alex. 24: illo licente contra liceri audeat nemo,

    to bid in opposition, Caes. B. G. 1, 18; Liv. 4, 53, 6:

    agedum pauca accipe contra,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 38.—So in battle:

    Numidae... Romanorum ordines conturbare... neque contra feriundi copia erat,

    Sall. J. 50, 4; and in law: et ab eo is qui adoptat vindicat... et illo contra non vindicante, etc., Gai Inst. 1, 134; 2, 24.—Esp. in replies:

    oratio contra a Demosthene pro Ctesiphonte edita,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 56, 213:

    dicit accusator haec: primum, etc.... quid contra reus?

    id. Clu. 30, 81; id. Fin. 5, 22, 63; Curt. 4, 1, 10; 7, 9, 1.
    B.
    Of opposition, strife, etc., against; constr. absol., with dat., and ne, quominus or quin.
    1.
    Of physical exertion.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    concurrunt... aetheriae nubes contra pugnantibu' ventis,

    struggling against each other, Lucr. 6. 98:

    nec nos obniti contra... Sufficimus,

    bear up, battle against, Verg. A. 5, 21; Ov. M. 9, 50; 2, 434:

    at ille contra nititur,

    resists, Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 103; 7, 20, 19, § 82:

    pars remigum, tamquam imperitia... officia nautarum impediebant. Mox contra tendere,

    rowed in an opposite direction, Tac. H. 4, 16.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    te rogo ne contrahas ac demittas animum, neque te obrui tamquam fluctu... sinas, contraque erigas ac resistas,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 4:

    et torrens judicem vel nitentem contra feret, cogatque ire qua rapiet,

    Quint. 12, 10, 61.— With ne: vi contra niti, ne advorsus eum fiat, Cato ap. Gell. 7 (6), 3, 16.—With quominus, Lucr. 1, 780.—
    2.
    Of mental exertion:

    si tibi vera videntur, Dede manus, aut, si falsum est, accingere contra,

    arm yourself against them, Lucr. 2, 1043; 2, 280. —With dat.:

    siti contra... pugnandum,

    Cels. 4, 2 fin.
    3.
    Of hostile opposition in gen.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    quod animadversum est in eo qui contra omni ratione pugnarunt, non debeo reprehendere,

    who made opposition in every way, Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 137; id. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107:

    contra etiam aliquid abs te profectum ex multis audivi,

    something inimical, id. Fam. 5, 5, 2.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    aut alio quovis (sc. colore) qui contra pugnet et obstet,

    Lucr. 2, 794; 2, 868.—
    4.
    Of warfare.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    ut eos adversarios existimemus qui arma contra ferant,

    Cic. Off. 1, 25, 87; 1, 12, 37; Vell. 2, 28, 4; cf.:

    quid quod exercitum contra duxit?

    Auct. Her. 4, 16, 23:

    ut si qua ex parte obviam contra veniretur, acie instructa depugnarent,

    if they should be attacked by an open charge, Caes. B. G. 7, 28:

    issentque confestim ad urbem ni venire contra exercitum... audissent,

    Liv. 7, 39, 17:

    cum Romanae legiones contra direxerint,

    would oppose their march, Tac. H. 4, 58; id. A. 6, 44.—With dat.:

    et huic contra itum ad amnem Erinden,

    Tac. A. 11, 10.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    quod ubi viderunt corvi, contra auxiliantur, velut adversus communem hostem,

    Plin. 10, 74, 95, § 205.—
    5.
    Of legal contests.
    (α).
    With verbs of saying; v. 9. a.—
    (β).
    Venire contra, of any legal act with the intention to hurt the adversary:

    quid? si omnium mortalium Sthenio nemo inimicior quam hic C. Claudius... fuit? si de litteris corruptis contra venit, etc.?

    if he made a charge of forgery against him? Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107; cf. II. B. c. b.—
    (γ).
    On the part of the adversary:

    inveniendum contra est, quo distet haec causa a ceteris,

    Quint. 5, 10, 114; 9, 2, 35; 12, 8, 10.—
    (δ).
    Of judgments against the parties or against opinions:

    ne spoliaret fama probatum hominem si contra judicasset,

    given an adverse decision, Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77; cf. Val. Max. 7, 2, 4; Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—
    6.
    Of literary opposition.
    (α).
    Mostly with verbs of saying; v. 9. a. g.—
    (β).
    With other verbs:

    astrologorum artem contra convincere tendit,

    Lucr. 5, 728:

    contra nunc illud pone, etc.,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 14, 6:

    habeat (liber meus) etiam quosdam qui contra sentiant et adversentur,

    some dissentients and opponents, Quint. 3, 1, 5; 2, 17, 40; 3, 8, 69.—
    7.
    Of public and political opposition.
    (α).
    With verbs of saying; v. 9. a. d.—
    (β).
    With petere, to be a candidate for office in opposition to another:

    nihil enim supererat de quo certarent, nihil quod contra peterent,

    no office was left for which to canvass against each other, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91:

    honores contra petere,

    Quint. 6, 1, 17.—With ire, with dat., of an opposing vote in the senate (cf.:

    pedibus ire): sententia Cassii ut nemo unus contra ire ausus est, ita dissonae voces respondebant,

    Tac. A. 14, 45.—
    8.
    Of violation of law, contracts, etc.: contra facere, or contra committere, to violate, transgress a law, etc.: leges esse non ex ejus qui contra commiserit utilitate, spectari oportere, not in the interest of the transgressor, Cic. Inv. 2, 48, 153:

    si quis sub hoc pacto vendiderit ancillam ne prostitueretur, et si contra factum esset,

    and if the contract was violated, Dig. 18, 1, 56.—
    9.
    With verbs of saying, etc., contra dicere; less freq. disputare, disserere, pugnare, in the sense of dicere, and contra scribere (often contradico, in one word, in post-Aug. writers; esp. with dat.).
    a.
    Absol.
    (α).
    Contra dicere, to speak as counsel of the adversary, to plead his cause, in legal proceedings:

    cum contra dicturus Hortensius esset,

    would speak on the other side, Cic. Quint. 24, 77:

    hoc... contra dicente Cotta judicatum est,

    id. Caecin. 33, 97:

    dixisse ut contra nemo videretur,

    id. Brut. 53, 198: ut contra Crassus... exorsus est, began on the other side, id. ib. § 197.—Hence: qui contra dicit, the adversary or counsel of the adversary:

    contra autem qui dicet, similitudinem infirmare debebit,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 151; id. Part. Or. 21, 108.—In the same sense: agens contra: si nos... impares agentium contra ingeniis dixerimus, that we are unequal to the talents of our adversary's counsel, [p. 453] Quint. 4, 1, 8.—
    (β).
    To make charges against (rare):

    si qui contra vellet dicere, usurum esse eum suo testimonio,

    Cic. Clu. 48, 134:

    qua ratione nemo neque tum item fecerit, neque nunc contra dicat,

    id. Quint. 29, 88; so,

    contra disputare, of objections to or against a witness: nihil contra disputabo priusquam dixerit,

    id. Fl. 21, 51.—
    (γ).
    In gen., to speak on the other side of a question:

    fiebat autem ita, ut cum is qui audire vellet dixisset quid sibi videretur, tum ego contra dicerem,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; id. Fin. 2, 1, 2; so,

    contra disputare and contra scribere,

    id. Or. 1, 19, 85; Vitr. 3, 1, 6; Quint. 2, 17, 13; Dig. 9, 2, 21, § 1.—Hence: qui contra dicunt or disputant, the opponents:

    nec qui contra dicunt causam difficilem repellunt,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 1, 2:

    ad coarguendos qui contra disputant,

    to refule his opponents, Quint. 2, 15, 26.—
    (δ).
    To oppose or object to a proposition, motion, or petition:

    quam palam principes dixerunt contra!

    protested against it, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 16, § 41; Caes. B. C. 1, 32; Cic. Clu. 47, 130.—With pugnare:

    cum decerneretur frequenti senatu, contra pugnante Pisone, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 1, 14, 5:

    filius ejus incolumitatem optat: contradicit pater,

    the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 85; 9, 2, 83; Plin. ap. Gell. 9, 16, 5; Cic. Dom. 33, 87:

    contradicente nullo,

    Suet. Caes. 20; Dig. 3, 3, 15.—
    (ε).
    To reply:

    contradixit edicto,

    answered by an edict, Suet. Aug. 56. —
    (ζ).
    Abl. absol. impers.:

    explorandum videtur an etiam contradicto aliquando judicio consuetudo firmata sit,

    whether the custom has been confirmed by judgment upon a judicial contest, Dig. 1, 3, 34.—
    b.
    With acc. neutr. pron., to object, to make or raise an objection, to reply; esp. in legal proceedings:

    ego enim, te disputante, quid contra dicerem meditabar,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 1:

    ut contra si quid dicere velit non audiatur,

    id. Fin. 5, 10, 27:

    aiebat illum primo sane diu multa contra (i. e. dixisse), ad extremum autem, etc.,

    id. Att. 2, 22, 2.— Hence: quod contra dicitur, or quae contra dicuntur, the objections:

    ut et id quod intenderemus confirmare, et id quod contra diceretur refellere (possemus),

    refute the objections, Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 90:

    quia neque reprehendi quae contra dicuntur possunt, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 81, 331; id. Inv. 2, 44, 127; Quint. 1, 2, 17.—In the same sense, as subst.: contrā dicta, orum, n. plur.:

    seu proposita confirmamus, sive contra dicta dissolvimus,

    or refute the objections, Quint. 4, prooem. 6.—With acc. and inf.:

    dicitur contra, nullum esse testamentum,

    the objection is made that there is no testament, Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 42.—
    c.
    With dat., written in one word (post-Aug.).
    (α).
    To oppose a person by speaking against his views:

    solitum se etiam Thraseae contradicere,

    to oppose even Thrasea, Tac. H. 2, 91:

    tibi,

    Suet. Aug. 54:

    Curioni...,

    id. Rhet. 1. —Hence of answers and replies in law: quid si filium testatoris heres ejus prohibuit? Huic contradici potest: ergo pietatis, etc., he may be answered by this plea, etc., Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—And of advisory answers opposed to one's legal views:

    volenti mihi ream adulterii postulare eam, etc., contradictum est,

    my views were disapproved, rejected, Dig. 48, 5, 11, § 10.—
    (β).
    To oppose an opinion, with dat. of the thing:

    cum plures tantum sententiis aliorum contradicerent,

    opposed the opinions, Tac. H. 1, 39.—
    (γ).
    To object to a motion or petition, with dat. of the petitioner:

    patrem qui damnavit optat ne is torqueatur: pater ei contradicit,

    the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 81:

    cum ambienti ut legibus solveretur multi contradicerent,

    Suet. Caes. 18; Dig. 40, 5, 14; 40, 12, 33.—
    (δ).
    With dat. of the petition:

    preces erant, sed quibus contradici non posset,

    which could not be denied, Tac. H. 4, 46 fin.; Dig. 3, 1, 1, § 2.—
    (ε).
    To contest the validity of a law (rare):

    quibus (legibus) contradici potest,

    Quint. 7, 7, 4.—
    (ζ).
    To contradict an assertion (very rare):

    pro certis autem habemus... cuicunque adversarius non contradicit,

    Quint. 5, 10, 13.—
    d.
    With quin, to object:

    praetor Samnitibus respondit... nec contra dici quin amicitia de integro reconcilietur,

    there was no objection to a reconciliation, Liv. 8, 2, 2.
    C.
    To one's disadvantage; mostly predic. with esse, unfavorable, adverse, damaging (post-Aug.;

    but cf. II. B. 2.): ut eum qui responsurus est vel tacere, vel etiam invitum id quod sit contra cogat fateri,

    Quint. 7, 3, 14:

    cum verba (legis) contra sint,

    id. 7, 1, 49:

    sed experimentum contra fuit,

    unsuccessful, Tac. H. 2, 97 fin.:

    ubi fortuna contra fuit,

    id. ib. 3, 18:

    si fortuna contra daret,

    should be unfavorable, id. ib. 1, 65 fin.; id. A. 15, 13.
    D.
    Of logical opposition, with negative force.
    1.
    Of a direct contrast.
    a.
    Predicatively, with esse, fieri, etc., the contrary, the opposite:

    quod fieri totum contra manifesta docet res,

    but experience teaches that just the contrary is true, Lucr. 3, 686; 4, 1088:

    in stultitia contra est,

    with fools the reverse is true, Cic. Clu. 31, 84:

    in hac quidem re vereor ne etiam contra (i. e. sit),

    id. Att. 12, 46; id. Off. 1, 15, 49:

    quod contra est,

    Sall. J. 85, 21:

    quis non credat, etc.? Contra autem est,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 12; id. Ep. 7, 3; Dig. 37, 4, 4:

    contra fore si, etc.,

    ib. 34, 2, 39, § 2:

    immo forsitan et contra (i. e. erit),

    ib. 41, 3, 49:

    ego contra puto (i. e. esse),

    Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 7; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 25.—
    b.
    With evenire, accidere, sentire, scribere, habere, etc.:

    utrumque contra accidit: istic enim bellum est exortum, hic pax consecuta,

    of both the contrary has happened, Cic. Fam. 12, 18, 2; so Dig. 38, 2, 51:

    id ego contra puto (sc.: faciendum esse),

    id. Att. 10, 8, 2:

    contra evenit in iis morbis,

    Sen. Ep. 52, 7; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 163:

    ego contra sentio,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 15, 5; Sedig. ap. Gell. 15, 24, 4; Dig. 40, 2, 25:

    Proculus contra (sc. sentit),

    ib. 35, 2, 1, § 14; 33, 7, 25:

    licet Celsus contra scribat,

    ib. 9, 2, 21, § 1: contra probatur, Gai Inst. 2, 78; Dig. 33, 7, 12, § 34.—Very rarely referring to a term in the same clause:

    cujus disparem mitioremque naturam contra interpretabatur,

    interpreted in an opposite sense, misinterpreted, misunderstood, Tac. H. 4, 86 fin.
    c.
    Referring to a word or phrase in the same predicate.
    (α).
    To an adverb, in an opposite manner, otherwise, differently, not, etc.:

    nam ad summam totius rei pertinet, caute an contra demonstrata res sit,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 81, 330: quod viriliter animoque fit, id, etc.;

    quod contra, id turpe,

    id. Off. 1, 27, 94:

    sit sapienter usus aut contra,

    Quint. 2, 5, 15:

    lactuca locis apricis optume autumno ponitur, mediterraneis aut frigidis contra ( = pessime),

    Col. 11, 3, 25.—
    (β).
    To a predicative adjective, not, the opposite, the reverse, etc.:

    ut aliae (res) probabiles videantur aliae contra,

    improbable, Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 103; id. Off. 2, 2, 7:

    quid est quod me impediat ea quae probabilia mihi videantur sequi, quae contra, improbare,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 8; id. Or. 2, 31, 135; Quint. 4, 2, 52.—
    (γ).
    To a verbal predicate:

    an frater fratri exsistat heres, an contra ( = annon),

    Dig. 34, 5, 19.—
    (δ).
    To a subject infinitive:

    laudare testem vel contra pertinet ad momentum judiciorum,

    praising or censuring a witness, Quint. 3, 7, 2.—
    (ε).
    To a clause, translated by not or by a repetition of the clause with a negative:

    quae secundum naturam essent, ea sumenda et quadam aestimatione dignanda docebat, contraque contraria,

    those that were not, not, Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 36: quod cuidam aut sapiens videor quod una non jerim, aut felix fuisse;

    mihi contra,

    id. Att. 9, 12, 4: an credibile est, incestum cum filia commissum? Et contra, veneficum in noverca, adulterum in luxurioso? and incredible, etc., Quint. 5, 10, 19; so Dig. 9, 1, 2, § 1.—
    (ζ).
    To an attributive genitive:

    Marius cognoscere quid boni utrisque or contra esset (i. e. mali),

    Sall. J. 88, 2:

    verum de origine laudis contraque perspiciemus suo tempore (i. e. vituperationis),

    Quint. 2, 4, 21:

    alii a propositione accusatoris contraque loci oriuntur,

    the accuser and the accused, id. 7, 2, 31;

    so in several titles of the Digests, as Depositi vel contra, = actio depositi, vel contraria actio depositarii,

    Dig. 16, 3 tit.; so ib. 16, 17, 1; 16, 13, 6; 16, 13, 7.—
    2.
    Reversing the relation of terms in the preceding sentence, the reverse, conversely, vice versa, etc.
    a.
    With its own predicate: saepe... corpus aegret, Cum tamen ex alia laetamur parte latenti;

    Et retro fit uti contra sit saepe vicissim, Cum miser ex animo laetatur corpore toto,

    Lucr. 3, 108: illa altera argumentatio, quasi retro et contra, prius sumit, etc., ( proceeding), so to speak, backward and in inverted order, Cic. Part. Or. 13, 46: neque illud ignoro, etc.; sed non idem accidit contra, but the converse is not true, Quint. 8, 6, 3; Gell. 4, 2, 5: ut vocabula verbis, verba rursus adverbiis, nomina appositis et pronominibus essent priora. Nam fit contra quoque frequenter non indecore. for often, not inelegantly, the order is reversed, Quint. 9, 4, 24:

    quae etiam contra valent,

    i. e. if the terms are reversed, id. 3, 7, 25; 9, 2, 49; 8, 6, 25; 9, 4, 72.—
    b.
    Belonging to the same predicate:

    ut quidque erit dicendum ita dicet, nec satura jejune, nec grandia minute, nec item contra,

    Cic. Or. 36, 123:

    cum emtor venditori, vel contra, heres exstitit,

    Dig. 35, 2, 48:

    in quibus patrium pro possessivo dicitur, vel contra,

    Quint. 1, 5, 45; 5, 10, 71:

    junguntur autem aut ex nostro et peregrino, ut biclinium, aut contra, ut epitogium et Anticato,

    id. 1, 5, 68:

    ut capras in montosis potius locis quam in herbidis (pascar), equas contra,

    but with mares the reverse is the case, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 16:

    itaque ille dicere melius quam praecipere, nos contra fortasse possumus,

    Cic. Or. 42, 143:

    qua collegi solent ex his quae faciunt ea quae faciuntur, aut contra,

    or vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 80; Dig. 14, 1, 1, § 12; 48, 5, 23, § 4.
    E.
    In logical antithesis of clauses with a merely rhet. force, on the contrary, on the other hand, vice versa; sometimes almost = sed or autem (freq.).
    1.
    In independent clauses.
    a.
    Opposing persons or parties: fortunam insanam esse... perhibent philosophi... Sunt autem alii philosophi qui contra Fortunam negant ullam exstare, Pac. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 23, 36 (Trag. Rel. v. 372 Rib.); Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68; Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 1:

    ego etiam quae tu sine Verre commisisti Verri crimini daturus sum... Tu, contra, ne quae ille quidem fecit, obicies,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 11, 35:

    ego contra ostendo, non modo nihil fecisse Sex. Roscium, sed, etc.,

    id. Rosc. Am. 29, 79; id. Phil. 8, 3, 8; id. Off. 1, 30, 108; id. Fin. 5, 22, 62:

    in Italia bellum gerimus, in sede ac solo nostro... Hannibal contra in aliena, in hostili est terra,

    Liv. 22, 39, 13; 21, 50, 2; 3, 15, 2; 6, 7, 4; 9, 35, 4 et saep.; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; Vell. 2, 31, 4; Sen. Ep. 9, 14; id. Ira, 2, 33, 6; Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 113; Tac. H. 3, 84; 3, 57; Suet. Tib. 2; id. Vit. 2; Just. 2, 1, 10; 8, 4, 11:

    contra mercator, navim jactantibus austris Militia est potior?

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 6; 1, 2, 30; 1, 3, 27; Prop. 2, 1, 45; 2, 23, 13 (3, 17, 3); Sen. Hippol. 214;

    so with versa vice: barbarae gentes (Alexandrum) non ut hostem, sed ut parentem luxerunt... Contra Macedones versa vice non ut civem, sed ut hostem amissum gaudebant,

    Just. 13, 1, 7.—
    b.
    Introducing a secondary or parallel opposition of thought: in loco umidiore far potius serunt quam triticum;

    contra in aridiore hordeum potius quam far,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 4; 1, 1, 47: si nihil esset quod inane vocaret, Omne foret solidum;

    nisi contra corpora certe Essent, etc., Omne quod est spatium vacuum constaret inane,

    Lucr. 1, 521; 4, 348; cf.:

    justa omnia decora sunt, injusta contra, ut turpia, sic indecora,

    Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94; id. N. D. 2, 15, 41; id. de Or. 3, 33, 136; id. Quint. 30, 93: id. Off. 3, 21, 84; id. Leg. 2, 1, 2: facilem esse rem... si modo unum omnes sentiant; contra in dissensione nullam se salutem perspicere, Caes. B. G, 5, 31; Liv. 25, 30, 3; Sen. Ben. 1, 5, 2; Plin. 12, 19, 42, § 92; 11, 14, 14, § 35; Suet. Caes. 73; Gell. 1, 4, 5:

    si male rem gerere insani est, contra bene, sani,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 74.—
    2.
    In opposition to a dependent clause:

    ut hi miseri, sic contra illi beati quos, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 16; so id. de Or. 1, 45, 198; Quint. 9, 3, 39:

    cui ego rei tantum abest ut impedimento sim, ut contra te M. Manli adhorter, etc.,

    Liv. 6, 15, 5; 6, 31, 4:

    cum virtus adeo neminem spe ac pollicitatione corrumpat, ut contra in se inpendere jubeat, ac, etc.,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 1, 2: aut igitur negemus quidquam ratione confici, cum contra nihil sine ratione recte fieri possit, aut, etc., whereas on the contrary, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 38, 84; cf.:

    at contra,

    Lucr. 2, 392.—
    3.
    With co-ordinate conjunctions.
    a.
    Copulative, et contra or contraque (never with ac or atque); also nec contra (rare), and on the other hand.
    (α).
    With reference to a reason or conclusion, after nam, enim, cum, or itaque: nam et ratione uti... omnique in re quid sit veri videre et tueri decet, contraque falli [p. 454]... tam dedecet quam, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94:

    malus est enim custos... metus, contraque benevolentia fidelis,

    id. ib. 2, 7, 23:

    cum reficiat animos varietas ipsa, contraque sit aliquanto difficilius in labore uno perseverare,

    Quint. 1, 12, 4; 3, 8, 32; 8, 6, 20:

    itaque in probris maxime in promptu est, si quid tale dici potest, etc. Contraque in laudibus, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; cf. Suet. Calig. 51; so with nec:

    nam nec comoedia cothurnis assurgit, nec contra tragoedia socculo ingreditur,

    Quint. 10, 2, 22.—
    (β).
    With contrasted examples or illustrations, often after ut or sic:

    audivi ex majoribus natu, hoc idem fuisse in P. Scipione Nasica, contraque patrem ejus... nullam comitatem habuisse sermonis,

    Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109:

    ut suspitionibus credi oportere, et contra suspitionibus credi non oportere,

    id. Inv. 2, 15, 48; Quint. 8, 4, 1; 5, 10, 48; 9, 3, 7; 9, 4, 52; 11, 1, 14; Sen. Ep. 82, 14; Dig. 17, 1, 22, § 4.—
    (γ).
    With contrasted actions, assumptions, etc.:

    atque utinam qui ubique sunt propugnatores hujus imperii possent in hanc civitatem venire, et contra oppugnatores rei publicae de civitate exterminari!

    Cic. Balb. 22, 51:

    domo pignori data, et area ejus tenebitur... et contra jus soli sequitur aedificium,

    Dig. 13, 7, 21:

    equo et asina genitos mares, hinnos antiqui vocabant: contraque mulos quos asini et equae generassent,

    Plin. 8, 44, 69, § 17: ceterum potest ex lege quidem esse judicium, sed legitimum non esse, et contra ex lege non esse, sed legitimum esse, Gai Inst. 4, 109; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161; 35, 15, 5, § 183.—
    (δ).
    After a negative clause, affirming the opposite idea, et contra or contraque, but on the contrary:

    in quo (consulatu) ego imperavi nihil, et contra patribus conscriptis et bonis omnibus parui,

    Cic. Sull. 7, 21:

    nunc vero cum ne pulsus quidem ita sim ut superare non possim, contraque a populo Romano semper sim defensus, etc.,

    id. Dom. 33, 88; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Marcell. 6, 20; so,

    et contra,

    Suet. Tit. 7.—
    b.
    With adversative conjunctions, at contra, sed contra, contra autem, contra vero (not verum contra, nor contra tamen).
    (α).
    At contra (freq.), merely a strengthened contra (v. 1. supra): huc accedit uti mellis lactisque liquores Jucundo sensu linguae tractentur in ore;

    At contra taetri absinthi natura... foedo pertorqueat ora sapore,

    Lucr. 2, 400:

    cogunt,

    id. 2, 74; 1, 366; 2, 235 et saep.: nos qui domi sumus, tibi beati videmur;

    at contra nobis tu quidem... prae nobis beatus,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 2; id. Tusc. 1, 3, 5; id. Rosc. Am. 45, 131; id. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 66; Sall. J. 36, 2; 4, 7; 15, 3; id. C. 12, 5:

    ideo siccas aiunt Aethiopiae solitudines... At contra constat Germaniam abundare rivis,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 6, 2; 1, 3, 1; id. Ep. 100, 7; Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 186; Suet. Galb. 15; Tac. A. 4, 28.—
    (β).
    Sed contra, after a negative sentence (class.):

    non quo acui ingenia adulescentium nollem, sed contra ingenia obtundi nolui,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 24, 93; id. Att. 9, 15, 3; id. Ac. 1, 10, 35; id. Fl. 11, 26:

    arma populi Romani non liberis servitutem, sed contra servientibus libertatem adferre,

    Liv. 45, 18, 1:

    tu ne cede malis, sed contra audentior ito,

    Verg. A. 6, 95; Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 12.—PostAug. also without a preceding negation:

    obiisse nostro Laium scelere autumant superi inferique: sed animus contra innocens... negat,

    Sen. Oedip. 765; Symm. Ep. 6, 81.—
    (γ).
    Contra autem (rare;

    in Cic. only where different subjects have contrasted predicates in dependent clauses): quia pacis est insigne toga, contra autem arma tumultus atque belli,

    Cic. Pis. 30, 73.—In later writers = contra alone:

    sub septemtrione aedificia... conversa ad calidas partes oportere fieri videntur. Contra autem sub impetu solis meridiani regionibus conversa ad septemtrionem... sunt facienda,

    Vitr. 6, 1, 2; Gell. 14, 2, 19; Dig. 7, 1, 25, § 3; 34, 3, 25.—
    (δ).
    Contra vero (very rare;

    not in Cic.), used for contra: contra vero quercus infinitam habet aeternitatem,

    Vitr. 2, 9, 8; 6, 1, 3; Cels. 3, 6 fin.
    (ε).
    Atqui contra, App. Mag. p. 287, 24.—
    c.
    With disjunctive conjunctions, aut contra, vel contra, seu contra, or on the contrary, or conversely (always without change of subject).
    (α).
    Aut contra:

    num aut scriptum neget, aut contra factum infitietur?

    Cic. Part. Or. 38, 133: quae (mens) aut languescit... aut contra tumescit, etc., Quint. 1, 2, 18:

    si imbres defuere, aut contra abundavere,

    Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 228.—
    (β).
    Vel contra:

    hinc enim quaestiones oriuntur: Injuriam fecisti, sed quia magistratus, majestatis actio est? Vel contra: Licuit... quia magistratus?

    Quint. 5, 10, 40; 9, 4, 96; Suet. Galb. 3; Dig. 35, 2, 56, § 4; 8, 4, 6.—
    (γ).
    Seu contra:

    seu tristis veniam, seu contra laetus amicis,

    Prop. 1, 11, 25.—
    d.
    With causal conjunctions, nam contra (very rare;

    never contra enim): falso queritur de natura sua genus humanum quod, etc. Nam contra, reputando, neque majus aliud, neque praestabilius invenies,

    Sall. J. 1, 1; Quint. 1, 1, 1; 9, 2, 23. —
    4.
    In late Lat., e contra (also one word, ēcontrā) = contra,
    (α).
    In the meaning, the contrary (D. 1.):

    aliis vero econtra videtur,

    Hier. Ep. 12.—
    (β).
    Et econtra = et contra (E. 3. a.):

    honestiorum provectu et econtra suppliciis,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 39, 45.—For quod contra, v. II. E. 1. c.—
    5.
    With emphatic particles.
    a.
    Quin contra, nay on the contrary, opposing an affirmative sentence to a preceding negative statement (quin etiam amplifies without opposition; sed contra opposes without amplification; quin contra both opposes and amplifies);

    not before Livy: num qui enim socordius rempublicam administrari post Calvi tribunatum... quam? etc. Quin contra patricios aliquot damnatos... neminem plebeium,

    Liv. 6, 37, 8; 31, 31, 9; 35, 26, 10; 37, 15, 3.—
    b.
    Immo contra (post-Aug.).
    (α).
    = no, on the contrary, refuting opinions, after questions and in the form of a dialogue:

    existimas nunc me detrahere tibi multas voluptates?... Immo contra, nolo tibi umquam deesse laetitiam,

    Sen. Ep. 23, 3; Dig. 33, 7, 5; 33, 7, 29.—
    (β).
    = sed contra, but on the contrary:

    proinde ne submiseris te, immo contra fige stabilem gradum,

    Sen. Cons. Marc. 5, 6; id. Cons. Polyb. 15, 2; cf. prep.:

    immo contra ea,

    Liv. 41, 24, 8; cf. II. E. 1. b. infra.—
    c.
    Item contra = an emphatic et contra (very rare):

    quoniam... beate vivere alii in alio, vos in voluptate ponitis, item contra miseriam in dolore, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 86; cf. I. A. 3. g supra.
    F.
    With a comparative clause introduced by ac, atque, or quam, representing a logical or moral opposition (contra atque debuit = non ita ut debuit; cf. Cic. Or. 3, 19, 70); cf. prep., II. C. 3. g, and II. E. 2. infra.
    1.
    Of logical opposition, contrary to, different from, otherwise than; in the best prose only with atque or ac.
    (α).
    With atque:

    item, contra atque apud nos, fieri ad Elephantinem ut neque ficus neque vites amittant folia,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 6:

    simulacrum Jovis, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20; id. Sull. 24, 69:

    judicium suscepturos contra atque omnis Italia populusque Romanus judicavisset,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 12; id. B. G. 4, 13; Plin. 12, 19, 43, § 95.—
    (β).
    With ac:

    itaque contra est ac dicitis,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 15, 41:

    vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,

    id. Div. 2, 24, 53; so id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 11; id. Or. 40, 137:

    cum contra ac Deiotarus sensit victoria belli judicaret,

    id. Phil. 11, 13, 34:

    Petreius ubi videt, Catilinam, contra ac ratus erat, magna vi tendere, etc.,

    Sall. C. 60, 5.—
    (γ).
    With ac and atque:

    si denique aliquid non contra ac liceret factum diceretur, sed contra atque oporteret,

    Cic. Balb. 3, 7.—
    (δ).
    With quam (post-Aug.):

    cui contra quam proposuerat aliqua cesserunt,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 6, 5; Plin. 10, 53, 74, § 149; 11, 21, 24, § 72; Gell. 6 (7), 8, 6:

    contra quam licet,

    id. 1, 3, 19; Sil. 15, 107.—
    2.
    Of moral opposition of acts contrary to rules and principles (cf. II. 3. g infra); so always with quam:

    mater Aviti, generi sui, contra quam fas erat, amore capta,

    contrary to the divine law, Cic. Clu. 5, 12:

    ut senatus, contra quam ipse censuisset, ad vestitum rediret,

    contrary to its own resolution, id. Pis. 8, 18:

    contra quam ista causa postulasset,

    id. Caecin. 24, 67:

    contra quam sanctum legibus est,

    Liv. 30, 19, 9; Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 2; id. Dom. 46, 122:

    contraque faciunt quam polliceri videntur,

    Auct. Her. 4, 3, 6; Cic. de Or. 2, 20, 86.
    II.
    Prep. with acc., before, against, facing, towards, opposite to, contrary to (acc. to many scholars not ante-class.; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 108; but found Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 24 Fleck., a line omitted by Lorenz as a gloss; id. Pers. 1, 1, 13 Ritschl; Att. ap. Non. p. 469, 15, or Trag. Rel. v. 476 Rib.; cf. also Plaut. Poen. 5, 6, 18; Cato, R. R. 18, 1, and v. I. A. 1. a. b, and I. A. 1. b. a supra).
    A.
    Local uses.
    1.
    Opposite, over against, facing.
    a.
    Of countries and places (mostly of those separated by water;

    adversus and e regione mostly of places opposite by land): insulae natura triquetra, cujus unum latus est contra Galliam,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 13; 3, 9; 4, 20:

    ad insulam quae est contra Massiliam,

    id. B. C. 1, 56; 3, 23:

    Rhodios, pacatis contra insulam suam terris, etc.,

    Liv. 37, 15, 7; 3, 26, 8:

    Carthago Italiam contra,

    Verg. A. 1, 13; 5, 124; Ov. M. 14, 17:

    insulae quae contra Tauri promuntorium inopportune navigantibus objacent, Chelidoniae nominantur,

    Mel. 2, 7; Plin. 3, 26, 30, § 151; 6, 28, 32, § 152; 5, 7, 7, § 41; Tac. A. 3, 1; id. H. 2, 17.—
    b.
    Of the heavenly bodies:

    donique (luna) eum (sc. solem) contra pleno bene lumine fulsit,

    Lucr. 5, 708:

    contra Volucris rostrum posita est Lyra,

    Vitr. 9, 4, 5; Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 9; 1, 8, 3; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 5, 10, 10, § 56.—So, tertium (latus Britanniae) est contra septem triones, opposite ( facing); hence, contra meridiem and contra ortus (instead of ad or adversus meridiem, etc.), facing the south and east, Plin. 6, 24, 24, § 85; 17, 2, 2, § 22. —So of a person standing in the sunlight:

    cum minima umbra (i. e. a sole) contra medium fiet hominem,

    Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 327; cf.:

    contra mediam faciem meridies erit,

    id. 18, 33, 76, § 326.—
    c.
    Of opposite ends of a line.
    (α).
    Of the diameter of the earth: esse e regione nobis e contraria parte terrae qui adversis vestigiis stent contra nostra vestigia, quos antipodas vocatis, Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123.—
    (β).
    Of a line drawn:

    contra autem E littera I erit ubi secat circinationem linea,

    opposite the point E will be the letter I, Vitr. 9, 7, 4.—
    d.
    Of buildings, etc.:

    contra hoc aviarium est aliud minus in quo quae mortuae sunt aves curator servare solet,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 5; Vitr. 5, 6, 3; 3, 5, 15:

    (statuam) quae fuerit contra Jovis Statoris aedem in vestibulo Superbi domus,

    Plin. 34, 6, 13, § 29:

    contra medium fere porticum diaeta paulum recedit,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 20; 2, 17, 5; Suet. Aug. 44.—
    e.
    Of places on the human body:

    id quod contra stomachum est,

    Cels. 4, 5 (4, 12 med.); 7, 7;

    4, 20 (13).—Of the direction of the intestines, etc.: ea... contra medium alvum orsa,

    Cels. 4, 1 fin.
    2.
    Of actions, opposite, towards, against, facing (syn.:

    adversus, ad, e regione,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 61).
    a.
    In gen.:

    quamvis subito... quamque Rem contra speculum ponas, apparet imago,

    Lucr. 4, 156: Democritus... clipeum constituit contra exortum Hyperionis, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4:

    et contra magnum potes hos (i.e. oculos) attollere solem, Nec tremis...?

    Prop. 1, 15, 37; Col. 7, 3, 8:

    rex constiterat contra pedites,

    Curt. 10, 9, 13; 9, 5, 1:

    ne contra septentrionem paveris,

    Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 330; 28, 6, 19, § 69:

    contra solem varie refulgens,

    placed in the sun, id. 37, 10, 63, § 173; 10, 54, 75, § 151; 37, 6, 22, § 83;

    37, 7, 25, § 95: cum terrestres volucres contra aquam clangores dabunt,

    id. 18, 35, 87, § 363; 19, 8, 39, § 131.—
    b.
    Dependent on verbs of motion (very rare without the idea of hostility):

    (Dinocrates) incessit contra tribunal regis jus dicentis,

    towards, Vitr. 2, praef. 1.—So trop., of actions done for a purpose:

    lege Cornelia de sicariis tenetur qui, cum in magistratu esset, eorum quid fecerit contra hominis necem quod legibus permissum non sit,

    Dig. 48, 8, 4.—
    c.
    Appositively, with the predicate: (elephanti) tanta narratur clementia contra minus validos, ut, etc., if fronting weaker animals, if brought in contact with them (not to be connected with clementia), Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23.—Similarly: dum... fidens non est contra feram, if fronting the animal (not dependent on fidens), Plin. 8, 16, 21, § 57.—
    d.
    Against an opposing action, etc.:

    contra vim atque impetum fluminis conversa,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 17, 5:

    cum plateae contra directos ventos erunt conformatae,

    Vitr. 1, 6, 8:

    ut contra ventum gregem pascamus,

    Col. 7, 3, 12; Sen. Q. N. 2, 31, 2; Plin. 29, 3, 12, § 52; 17, 2, 2, § 21; 8, 16, 21, § 54:

    contra fluminum impetus aggeribus,

    id. 35, 14, 48, § 169:

    capite in sole contra pilum peruncto,

    id. 27, 4, 5, § 17; 18, 35, 88, § 364; Varr. ap. Plin. 7, 20, 19, § 83; Sil. 14, 352; Dig. 9, 2, 29, § 4. [p. 455] — Trop.:

    contra fortunam tenendus est cursus,

    Sen. Prov. 5, 9.—Prov.:

    contra stimulum calces,

    kick against the pricks, Isid. Orig. 1, 36, 28 (al. calcitres); cf. Amm. 18, 5, 1.—
    e.
    Of local actions with hostile intent.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    quae vis Coclitem contra omnes hostium copias tenuit?

    Cic. Par. 1, 2, 12:

    Pompeium Cartejae receptum scribis: jam igitur contra hunc exercitum (sc. constitit),

    id. Att. 15, 20, 3:

    pertimescam, credo, ne mihi non liceat contra vos in contione consistere,

    to face you, id. Agr. 1, 8, 25; Lepidus ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 34, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 26:

    a fronte contra hostem pedum quindecim fossam fieri jussit,

    id. ib. 1, 41; 1, 42; id. B. G. 7, 62:

    Tullus adversus Veientem hostem derigit suos: Albanos contra legionem Fidenatium collocat,

    Liv. 1, 27, 5; 24, 41, 5; 38, 4, 5; Verg. A. 12, 279; Front. Strat. 2, 2, 13; 2, 3, 17.—Appositively, with a local verb understood:

    terribilis haec contra fugientes belua est, fugax contra insequentes,

    i. e. if fronting, if placed opposite, Plin. 8, 25, 38, § 92.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    castra sunt in Italia contra populum Romanum in Etruriae faucibus collocata,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5; id. Mil. 1, 2; Quint. 7, 7, 5:

    tum contra hanc Romam illa altera Roma quaeretur,

    will be as a rival against this Rome, Cic. Agr. 2, 22, 86:

    cui rationi contra homines barbaros atque imperitos locus fuisset, hac ne ipsum quidem sperare, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 40:

    (Cicero) plerumque contra inimicos atque obtrectatores plus vindicat sibi,

    when fronting adversaries, Quint. 11, 1, 23.—
    f.
    In partic.
    (α).
    Stare contra aliquem (opp. stare ab aliquo); usu. implying hostility; mostly trop., to stand against, to be arrayed against, to face, oppose:

    quod contra hoc exemplum nulla staret eorum ratio,

    Auct. Her. 4, 5, 7:

    contra populi studium,

    Cic. Brut. 34, 126:

    contra civium perditorum... dementiam a senatu et a bonorum causa,

    id. ib. 79, 273; so,

    a mendacio contra veritatem,

    id. Inv. 1, 3, 4:

    contra cives in acie,

    id. Att. 16, 11, 2:

    et adversi contra stetit ora juvenci,

    opposite, Verg. A. 5, 477; 5, 414:

    haec enim (ratio) sola... stat contra fortunam,

    Sen. Ep. 14, 4, 2: contra leonem etiam stetit, fronted, i. e. hunted, Spart. Carac. 5 fin.
    (β).
    Contra aliquem ire:

    aut saevos Libyae contra ire leones,

    Stat. Th. 9, 16.— Trop.:

    uti contra injurias armati eatis,

    Sall. J. 31, 6:

    interritus (sapiens) et contra illa (mala) ibit et inter illa,

    Sen. Ep. 59, 8; cf.: contra venire, II. B. 1. c. b infra, and v. also II. B. 2. b. and II. B. 1. b. infra.—
    3.
    Transf.,
    a.
    To persons placed together for comparison:

    C. vero Caesar, si foro tantum vacasset, non alius ex nostris contra Ciceronem nominaretur,

    Quint. 10, 1, 114:

    CORONATO CONTRA OMNES SCAENICOS,

    Inscr. Grut. p. 331, n. 4.—
    b.
    To things compared, as if weighed against each other as to their value, strength, etc.
    (α).
    Lit. (very rare):

    quamcunque vis rem expende, et contra aquam statue... Si gravior est, leviorem rem... feret, etc.,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—
    (β).
    Prop.:

    cujus (i. e. generis humani) causa videtur cuncta alia genuisse natura, magna saeva mercede contra tanta sua munera,

    Plin. 7, 1, 1, § 1:

    qui amicus esse coepit quia expedit, placebit ei aliquod pretium contra amicitiam,

    Sen. Ep. 9, 9:

    numquam ulli fortiores cives fuerunt quam qui ausi sunt eum contra tantas opes ejus... condemnare,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 2, 3:

    tantum studium bonorum in me exstitisse, contra incredibilem contentionem clarissimi et potentissimi viri,

    id. ib. 7, 2, 2; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9, 3:

    nomen prorogans nostrum et memoriam extendens contra brevitatem aevi,

    as a compensation for, Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 154.—So esp., valere contra, to weigh against, counterbalance, avail or prevail against: non vereor ne meae vitae modestia parum valitura sit contra falsos rumores, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8:

    (illa facta) pro periculo potius quam contra salutem valere debere,

    Cic. Part. Or. 35, 120; id. Off. 3, 29, 104:

    contrane lucrum nil valere Pauperis ingenium?

    Hor. Epod. 11, 11; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 1; id. Cons. Helv. 5, 5; so,

    robur habere contra: si contra unamquamlibet partem fortunae satis tibi roboris est,

    id. ib. 13, 2;

    so of counterchecks: in Creta decem qui cosmoe vocantur, ut contra consulare imperium tribuni plebis, sic illi contra vim regiam constituti,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 33, 58.—Of antidotes: cimicum natura contra serpentium morsus valere dicitur, item contra venena omnia, Plin. 29, 4, 17, § 61.—Hence,
    c.
    Colloq., aliquid contra aurum est, something is worth gold, is superb, both predicatively and attributively (cf.: auro contra, I. A. 2. supra): hujusce pomaria in summa Sacra Via ubi poma veneunt, contra aurum imago, a spectacle for gold, i. e. a magnificent sight, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 10 MSS. (al. aliter):

    numcubi hic vides citrum... num quod emblema aut lithostratum? quae illic omnia contra aurum,

    superb, id. ib. 3, 2, 4 MSS. (Schneid. omits aurum, ex conj.):

    oneravi vinum, et tunc erat contra aurum,

    Petr. 7, 6.—
    d.
    Transf., of replies, with aiebat, inquit, etc.; both in friendly and inimical sense; esp., contra ea, contra haec, = the adv. contra:

    contra ea Titurius sero facturos clamitabat, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 29:

    contra ea Verginius unum Ap. Claudium et legum expertem et, etc., aiebat,

    Liv. 3, 57, 1; 24, 45, 4:

    quae contra breviter fata est vates,

    Verg. A. 6, 398:

    contra quod disertus Tu impie fecisti inquit, etc.,

    Quint. 7, 1, 53 (cf.: contra ea, II. E. 1. infra).
    B.
    Denoting hostility or disadvantage.
    1.
    With verbs of hostile action.
    a.
    Of physical exertion:

    pugnavere et tertio consulatu ejus viginti (elephanti) contra pedites quingentos,

    Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 22:

    proelium Afri contra Aegyptios primi fecere fustibus,

    id. 7, 56, 57, § 200; 8, 40, 61, § 142. —
    b.
    Referring to warfare (usu. adversus), bellum gerere (rarely for cum or adversus; but contra patriam, contra aras, etc., not cum patria, etc.; cf.

    bellum, II. A. 1. e.): a quo prohibitos esse vos contra Caesarem gerere bellum (opp. pro),

    Cic. Lig. 8, 25; id. Phil. 5, 10, 27; Liv. Ep. 129.—With bellum suscipere:

    contra Antonium,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 5; so,

    contra patriam,

    id. Sull. 20, 58:

    pugnare contra patriam,

    id. ib. 25, 70:

    contra conjuges et liberos,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 15, 5:

    armatum esse contra populum Romanum,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32.—With arma ferre (freq.), Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 72; 13, 21, 47; Liv. 28, 28, 15; Nep. Att. 4, 2; Tib. 1, 6, 30; Ov. M. 4, 609; 13, 269; id. P. 1, 1, 26.—With arma sumere or capere, Cic. Rab. Perd. 6, 19; id. Phil. 4, 1, 2; 4, 3, 7:

    armis contendere contra,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 13:

    arma alicui dare (trop.),

    Cic. Phil. 2, 21, 53:

    aciem instruere (trop.),

    Liv. 25, 4, 4:

    exercitum comparare,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 14; 4, 1, 2:

    exercitum instruere,

    id. Cat. 2, 11, 24:

    exercitum ducere and adducere,

    id. Phil. 4, 2, 5; 3, 4, 11:

    exercitum contra Philippum mittere,

    id. Inv. 1, 12, 17:

    naves ducere contra,

    Hor. Epod. 4, 19:

    ducere contra hostes,

    Liv. 1, 27, 4:

    florem Italiae educere contra,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 24:

    proficisci contra,

    to march against, Liv. 1, 11, 3; 8, 2, 5:

    auxilium ferre Rutulis contra Latinos,

    Plin. 14, 12, 14, § 88:

    juvare aliquem contra,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 35:

    consilium inire contra Sequanos,

    to take hostile measures against, id. B. G. 6, 12.—
    c.
    Of legal contention (more freq. adversus, except with verbs of saying).
    (α).
    In gen., with agere or causam agere, to act as counsel against a party or his attorney:

    cum agerem contra hominem disertissimum nostrae civitatis,

    Cic. Caecin. 33, 97; id. Brut. 63, 226; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 3; Quint. 11, 1, 59.—Causam recipere or suscipere contra, to accept a retainer against:

    (causam) quam receperam contra pueros Octavios,

    Cic. Att. 13, 49, 1; Quint. 6, 1, 12; Plin. Ep. 4, 17, 1.—Adesse alicui contra, to appear, act as one's counsel against:

    rogavit me Caecilius ut adessem contra Satrium,

    Cic. Att. 1, 1, 3; Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 5 al.; cf.:

    esse contra,

    id. ib. 1, 18, 3.— Trop.: conquesturus venit;

    at contra se adfuit et satisfacienti satisfecit,

    Sen. Fragm. Amic. 14, 1, 89:

    causam defendere contra,

    against the accuser, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 178:

    statuere contra aliquem (sc. causam),

    to establish a case against an adversary, id. Or. 10, 34:

    actio competit contra,

    Dig. 49, 14, 41:

    querelam instituere contra,

    ib. 5, 2, 21, § 1:

    bonorum possessionem petere contra,

    ib. 5, 2, 23:

    jus obtinere contra,

    Cic. Quint. 9, 34:

    pugnare contra,

    to struggle against the accuser, id. Sull. 17, 49; id. Verr. 1, 11, 33:

    id quod mihi contra illos datum est,

    i. e. a local advantage over, id. Tull. 14, 33:

    judicare contra aliquem,

    id. Fl. 20, 48; Dig. 21, 2, 55; 5, 2, 14; Just. Inst. 4, 17, 2:

    pronuntiare contra,

    Paul. Sent. 5, 34, 2: dare sententiam contra, Dig. 21, 2, 56, § 1:

    decernere contra,

    Cic. Fl. 31, 76:

    appellare contra aliquem,

    Dig. 49, 1, 3; 49, 5, 6; cf.:

    contra sententiam,

    Cod. Just. 7, 62, 32, § 2.—Sentire contra aliquem, to have an opinion unfavorable to:

    cur vos (cum) aliquid contra me sentire dicatis, etc.,

    Cic. Caecin. 27, 79.—
    (β).
    Venire contra aliquem, to appear as counsel for one's adversary:

    quid tu, Saturi, qui contra hunc venis, existimas aliter?

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 6, 18; id. Mur. 4, 9; id. Phil. 8, 6, 18.—Venire contra rem alicujus, to give advice damaging one's interests:

    contra rem suam me venisse questus est,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 2, 3.—
    (γ).
    With dicere and other verbs of saying. (aa) Of a lawyer pleading against a lawyer:

    ipse ille Mucius, quid in illa causa cum contra te diceret, attulit quod? etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 244:

    cum ille contra me pro Sex. Naevio diceret,

    id. Brut. 60, 2, 7; id. de Or. 2, 7, 30; id. Rosc. Am. 15, 45; id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 44; id. Planc. 2, 5; id. Brut. 26, 102; so,

    causam dicere,

    id. Or. 2, 23, 98:

    causam perorare,

    id. Quint. 24, 77.—(bb) Of a lawyer's pleading against the parties: dic mihi, M. Pinari, num si contra te dixero mihi male dicturus es? Servil. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 65, 261; 3, 34, 138; 1, 14, 60; id. Or. 35, 123; Quint. 11, 1, 57; cf. with ellipsis of acc.:

    quorum alter pro Aufldia, contra dixit alter,

    id. 10, 1, 22.—(ng) Of a party against a lawyer:

    si Gaditani contra me dicerent,

    if the Gaditani were my adversaries, Cic. Balb. 17, 38.—(dd) Of witnesses and experts, and the pleadings against them:

    si decressent legationem quae contra istum diceret,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 12: contra testes dicere (opp. a testibus or pro testibus). Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118 (cf.:

    testimonium in aliquem dicere,

    id. Sull. 17, 48; Quint. 7, 4, 36):

    contra juris consultos dicere,

    against their legal opinions, Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—So of witnesses in scientific questions:

    contra testes dicendum est,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 1.—(ee) Dicere or contendere aliquid contra aliquem, to maintain a point against:

    cum interrogamus adversarios... quid contra nos dici possit,

    Auct. Her. 4, 23, 33:

    tamenne vereris ut possis hoc contra Hortensium contendere?

    Cic. Quint. 25, 78. —
    d.
    Of literary adversaries, mostly with verbs of saying and writing:

    cum scriberem contra Epicurios,

    Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1:

    contra Epicurum satis superque dictum est,

    id. N. D. 2, 1, 2:

    contra Brutum,

    id. Tusc. 5, 8, 21:

    contra Academiam,

    id. Ac. 2, 19, 63; id. Fin. 1, 1, 2; 5, 8, 22; id. Tusc. 5, 11, 32; 5, 30, 84; id. Ac. 2, 4, 17:

    contra autem omnia disputatur a nostris,

    id. Off. 2, 2, 8.—
    e.
    Of public and political adversaries (syn. adversus and in).
    (α).
    In gen.:

    sentire contra,

    Cic. Mil. 2, 5:

    pugnare contra bonos,

    id. Sull. 25, 71:

    contra eos summa ope nitebatur nobilitas,

    Sall. C. 38, 2; Cic. Sest. 19, 42; 52, 112:

    (tribuni) qui aut contra consulem, aut pro studio ejus pugnabant,

    Liv. 39, 32, 12.—
    (β).
    Of political speaking:

    cum (Cato) eo ipso anno contra Serv. Galbam ad populum summa contentione dixisset,

    Cic. Brut. 20, 80; so id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 53; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 9, 1.—
    f.
    Of hostile or criminal acts in gen. (syn.:

    adversus, in): inire consilia contra,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 110; id. Cat. 1, 7, 18:

    manum comparare contra aliquem,

    id. Sull. 24, 68:

    conjurationem facere,

    id. ib. 4, 12:

    congredi,

    id. Lig. 3, 9; Sall. J. 64, 4:

    aliquid contra imperatorem moliri,

    Just. Inst. 4, 18, 3:

    nec dolor armasset contra sua viscera matrem,

    against her own offspring Ov. R. Am. 59.—Facere contra (more freq. with abstr. objects; cf. II. C. 1. f. b infra): nunc te contra Caesarem facere summae stultitiae est, to take parts against, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 16, 2:

    eae (res) contra nos ambae faciunt,

    operate against us, id. Quint. 1, 1.—With verbs of saying, etc.:

    homo disertus non intellegit, eum quem contra dicit laudari a se?

    Cic. Phil. 2, 8, 18; 2, 1, 2; 2, 21, 51; Sen. Ep. 15, 3, 70:

    epigramma quod contra quamdam Gelliam scripsit,

    Lampr. Alex. Sev. 38:

    disputare contra deos, in two signif.: contra deum licet disputare liberius,

    to accuse, reproach a god, Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76; but: mala et impia consuetudo est contra deos disputandi, to reason against the gods, i. e. against their existence, id. ib. 2, 67, 168.—
    2.
    Predicatively, with esse (videri, etc.), against, injurious to, unfavorable, prejudicial, to one's disadvantage: ut [p. 456] ex senatusconsulto neque cujus intersit, neque contra quem sit intellegi possit, Cic. Mur. 32, 68; id. de Or. 3, 20, 75; 2, 74, 299; 2, 81, 330; id. Sull. 13, 39; Sen. Ben. 6, 31, 6:

    licentiam malis dare certe contra bonos est,

    injurious to, Quint. 4, 2, 75:

    res contra nos est, of unfavorable chances in a lawsuit,

    id. 4, 66, 1; 4, 2, 75; 5, 13, 32.—Often, contra aliquem = quod est contra aliquem, referring to indef. pronouns or adjectives:

    nihil contra me fecit odio mei = nihil quod esset contra me,

    Cic. Har. Resp. 3, 5; id. Off. 3, 31, 112:

    quibus (temporibus) aliquid contra Caesarem Pompeio suaserim,

    id. Phil. 2, 10, 24.—
    3.
    Added adverb. to the predicate, mostly referring to purpose, with hostile intent, for the purpose of some hostile act, in order to oppose, in opposition:

    Caesarine eam (provinciam) tradituri fuistis, an contra Caesarem retenturi?

    or keep it against Caesar, Cic. Lig. 7, 23:

    sero enim resistimus ei quem per annos decem aluimus contra nos,

    id. Att. 7, 5, 5:

    judicium illud pecunia esse temptatum non pro Cluentio, sed contra Cluentium,

    id. Clu. 4, 9; id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 52; id. Ac. 2, 28, 92:

    cum quae facitis ejusmodi sint ut ea contra vosmet ipsos facere videamini,

    id. Rosc. Am. 36, 104; Sen. Ep. 3, 7, 3: Curio se contra eum totum parat, i. e. to speak against him, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 10; Caes. B. C. 1, 85 ter; Sen. Q. N. 1, 7, 1; Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192; Plin. Pan. 41.—So with the force of a temporal clause:

    fidem meam quam essent contra Massam Baebium experti,

    in the suit against, Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 4.—
    4.
    Dependent on adjectives (rare):

    contra se ipse misericors,

    to his own injury, Phaedr. 4, 18, 3:

    severissimus judex contra fures,

    Lampr. Alex. Sev. 28.—
    5.
    With nouns.
    a.
    Acc. to 1. b.:

    ut quam maximae contra Hannibalem copiae sint,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17; cf. Vell. 2, 76, 3.—
    b.
    Acc. to 1. c. and 1. e.; so esp., oratio contra (cf.: oratio in).
    (α).
    Oratio contra (never in), of an address against the counsel of a party or against the prosecutor:

    quid in omni oratione Crassus vel apud centumviros contra Scaevolam, vel contra accusatorem Brutum, cum pro Cn. Plancio diceret?

    Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 220; cf.:

    Cato pro se contra Cassium = in oratione contra,

    Gell. 10, 15, 3; so,

    haec perpetua defensio contra Scaevolam,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 221:

    orationem illam egregiam quam (Aeschines) in Ctesiphontem contra Demosthenem dixerat,

    id. ib. 3, 56, 213.—
    (β).
    Of an address against the party, either in judicial or political affairs:

    unam orationem contra Gracchum reliquit,

    Cic. Brut. 26, 99:

    (Demosthenis) oratio contra Leptinem... contra Aeschinem falsae legationis,

    id. Or. 31, 111; Gell. 10, 24, 10; 10, 18, 91; Cic. Brut. 46, 169; Quint. 12, 10, 61; Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 45; id. Brut. 44, 164; Gell. 13, 25 (24), 15; cf. Quint. 4, 3, 13; 11, 2, 25.—
    c.
    Acc. to 1. f.:

    contra patres concitatio et seditio,

    Cic. Brut. 14, 56.—Of animals:

    contra volpium genus communibus inimicitiis,

    Plin. 10, 76, 96, § 207.
    C.
    With inanimate and abstract objects.
    1.
    Directly dependent on verbs (cf. B. 1.).
    a.
    Of physical or moral exertion:

    cum fulmina contra Tot paribus streperet clipeis,

    Verg. A. 10, 567:

    pugnandum tamquam contra morbum, sic contra senectutem,

    Cic. Sen. 11, 35:

    contra verum niti,

    Sall. J. 35, 8:

    contra fortunam luctari,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 15, 2; id. Brev. Vit. 10, 1; id. Ep. 78, 15; 99, 32; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 31, 110.—
    b.
    Of warfare (lit. and trop.):

    bellum contra aras, focos, vitam fortunasque gerere,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:

    bellum gerimus... contra arma verbis,

    id. Fam. 12, 22, 1.—So of logical contradictions:

    artificis autem est invenire in actione adversarii quae semet ipsa pugnent,

    Quint. 5, 13, 30.—
    c.
    Of legal contention.
    (α).
    Of the actions of the counsel or prosecutor: dicere, or perorare, agere contra aliquid, to plead against, contest something:

    contra argumenta, rumores, tabulas, quaestiones (opp. ab argumentis, etc.),

    Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9 sqq.; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118:

    contra ratiocinationem,

    id. Inv. 2, 50, 153: contra scriptum dicere, to contest, controvert a written law or a document, id. ib. 2, 47, 138; 2, 48, 143; id. Brut. 39, 145; Quint. 7, 7, 1:

    contra caput dicere,

    to plead against life, Cic. Quint. 13, 44 (cf.:

    servum in caput domini interrogare,

    Paul. Sent. 1, 1, 34; 5, 16, 5 and 8; 5, 46, 3): contra libertatem agere, Dig. 40, 12, 26.—Pregn.:

    contra rerum naturam, contraque consuetudinem hominum dicere (opp. contra nos dicere),

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 45.—
    (β).
    Of judicial decisions contradicting documents, etc.:

    contra tabulas judicare,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 281:

    contra testamentum,

    Dig. 2, 17, § 1:

    contra sententiam dicere,

    ib. 49, 8, 1, § 2.—
    (γ).
    Admittere aliquem contra bona, to admit a petition for bonorum possessio (cf.:

    inmittere in bona),

    Dig. 38, 2, 3, § 6.—
    d.
    Of antagonism in literary and ethical questions.
    (α).
    To contend that something is false:

    dicere, disputare, disserere contra opinionem or sententiam,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; 5, 19, 55; id. de Or. 3, 18, 67; id. Fin. 5, 4, 10; id. Ac. 2, 18, 60; Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 3; id. Ep. 87, 5; 102, 5 (cf.:

    in sententiam dicere,

    in support of an opinion, Caes. B. G. 1, 45):

    contra sensus dicere,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 101:

    contra rhetoricen dicere,

    Quint. 2, 17, 40.—
    (β).
    Of criticism, hostility to principles, etc.:

    contra Iliadem et Odysseam scribere,

    Vitr. 7, praef. 8:

    contra quorum disciplinam ingenium ejus exarserat,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 29, 83.—
    (γ).
    Ethically:

    contra voluptatem dicere,

    that pleasure is a moral evil, Cic. Fin. 5, 8, 21:

    contra mortem loqui,

    that death is no evil, Sen. Ep. 82, 7;

    in both senses: contra vitia, pericula, fortunam, ambitionem,

    id. ib. 100, 10:

    contra fortunam gloriari,

    that fortune has no power over him, Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 26; Sen. Ep. 26, 5.—
    e.
    Of public and political acts and speeches:

    contra potentiam accusatorum dicere,

    Cic. Brut. 44, 164:

    contra legem dicere or verba facere,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 15, 53; Liv. 34, 8, 1:

    rogationem ferre contra coloniam ( = contra legem de colonia deducenda),

    Cic. Clu. 51, 140; Auct. Her. 1, 17, 21; Plin. 8, 17, 24, § 64.—
    f.
    Of hostility, injury, wrongs, etc.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    senatusconsulto quod contra dignitatem tuam fieret,

    directed against, Cic. Fam. 12, 29, 2:

    contra rem publicam se commovere,

    id. Cat. 1, 26; 1, 3, 7:

    incitari,

    id. Sest. 47, 100:

    consilia inire,

    id. Agr. 2, 3, 8:

    conjurationem facere,

    Sall. C. 30, 6:

    contra salutem urbis incitari,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20:

    cogitare aliquid contra salutem,

    id. ib. 3, 9, 21: contra voluntatem or studium dicere, to oppose one's will in a speech:

    esse aliquem in civitate qui contra ejus (Chrysogoni) voluntatem dicere auderet,

    id. Rosc. Am. 22, 60; id. Phil. 1, 11, 28; id. de Or. 3, 34, 138; id. Mur. 4, 10; Tac. H. 2, 91:

    ne quid contra aequitatem contendas, ne quid pro injuria,

    do not array yourself against equity, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71.— Trop.:

    quis non contra Marii arma, contra Suliae proscriptionem irascitur? ( = Mario propter arma, Sullae propter proscriptionem),

    Sen. Ira, 2, 2, 3.—
    (β).
    In partic.: facere contra aliquid (syn. adversus), to commit an offence against, to transgress, etc.:

    si quis ad Antonium profectus esset... senatus existimaturum eum contra rem publicam fecisse,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 11, 33; id. Mil. 5, 13; 6, 14; id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 3, 25, 95; S. C. ap. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 6; Liv. 25, 4, 7; so,

    contra salutem rei publicae facere,

    Cic. Dom. 38, 102:

    contra majestatem,

    against the emperor, Dig. 48, 4, 5:

    contra leges,

    Cic. Dom. 18, 48; id. Vatin. 7, 18; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Mur. 32, 67; id. de Or. 3, 19, 70; cf. id. Clu. 34, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; id. Dom. 14, 38; id. Phil. 10, 6, 13; Gai Inst. 4, 121:

    contra edictum (praetoris),

    Cic. Verr 2, 3, 10, § 25; Dig. 39, 1, 20, § 1:

    contra foedus,

    Cic. Balb. 6, 16:

    contra jusjurandum ac fidem,

    id. Off. 3, 10, 43; id. Lael. 3, 30, 74; id. Verr. 2, 3, 3, § 7; Prop. 3, 30, 44 (2, 32, 44).—And ironically:

    tune contra Caesaris nutum (sc. facies)?

    Cic. Att. 14, 10, 1.—Rarely contra ea facere = contra facere, adverb. (cf. I. B. 8. and II. E. 1. b.):

    corpus in civitatem inferri non licet... et qui contra ea fecerit, extra ordinem punitur,

    Paul. Sent. 1, 21, 2; 1, 21, 12.—
    2.
    Predicatively with esse (usu. impers.), in violation of, in conflict with, contrary to (cf. 3. g).
    (α).
    With esse expressed as the predicate:

    hominem hominis incommodo suum augere commodum magis est contra naturam quam mors,

    Cic. Off. 3, 5, 21; id. Fin. 3, 9, 31; id. N. D. 3, 13, 33; Sen. Ep. 5, 4; Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 45:

    contra leges or legem est,

    Cic. Pis. 13, 30; id. Mur. 32, 67:

    contra officium est,

    id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 1, 10, 32; 1, 6, 19; cf. id. Lael. 11, 39; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Liv. 6, 40, 5; Sen. Q. N. 2, 37, 2; Gai Inst. 3, 157; Dig. 30, 1, 112, § 3; 16, 3, 1, § 7.—With ellipsis of object (naturam), Cic. Fin. 5, 29, 89; cf.:

    adeo res ista non habet ullam moram quae contra causas ignium sit,

    unfavorable to the formation of fire, Sen. Q. N. 2, 26, 7.—
    (β).
    With verbal predicate, referring to an indef. pron. or adj., with esse understood:

    scis hunc... nihil umquam contra rem tuam cogitasse ( = nihil quod contra rem tuam esset),

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 147; id. Mil. 5, 13:

    aliquid contra animum audiendi,

    something against our liking, Sen. Const. 19, 2.—So mostly with facere:

    si quid Socrates aut Aristippus contra morem consuetudinemque fecerint,

    Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148; id. Att. 3, 23, 2; 2, 22, 2; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Sall. C. 15, 1; Dig. 8, 2, 11; 8, 2, 17; 35, 1, 79, § 2. —
    (γ).
    Contra officium, substantively, = id quod contra officium est:

    Sic inter recte factum atque peccatum, officium et contra officium, media locabat quaedam,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 37.—
    3.
    Adverbially with the predicate.
    (α).
    In order to oppose, in opposition to, with hostile intent (cf. B. 3.):

    eidem illam proscriptionem capitis mei contra salutem rei publicae rogatam esse dicebant,

    that the proposal of the law was an attack on the republic, Cic. Prov. Cons. 19, 45; id. Rab. Perd. 12, 35; id. Phil. 10, 10, 22:

    imperator contra postulata Bocchi nuntios mittit,

    to reply to the demands, Sall. J. 83, 3; 25, 6; so,

    advocare contra,

    Sen. Cons. Polyb. 12, 4; id. Ep. 15, 2, 52:

    si contra mortem te praeparaveris,

    to meet death, id. ib. 11, 3, 8.—
    (β).
    With the force of a clause of manner, injuriously to, etc.:

    quibus contra valetudinis commodum laborandum est,

    Cic. Mur. 23, 47; Suet. Aug. 78:

    contra hominis salutem,

    with danger to a man's life, Cod. Just. 7, 62, 29.—
    (γ).
    In gen., of conflict with some rule or principle, contrary to, in violation of, without regard to ( = ita ut contra sit; cf. 2. supra; very freq. from the class. period;

    syn. adversus): ceperitne pecunias contra leges P. Decius,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 31, 136; id. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 10; id. Fl. 34, 86:

    pecuniam contra leges auferre,

    id. Verr. 1, 18, 56; 2, 1, 10, § 27; 2, 5, 18, § 46; id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:

    contra legem,

    id. Rab. Perd. 3, 8; id. Dom. 16, 41:

    contra jus fasque,

    id. Har. Resp. 16, 34; id. Quint. 6, 28:

    contra jus,

    Liv. 5, 4, 14; id. Dom. 13, 55; id. Verr. 2, 5, 13, § 34:

    contra jus gentium,

    Liv. 4, 32, 5; 9, 10, 10; 21, 25, 7; 5, 36, 6;

    6, 1, 6: contra juris rigorem,

    Dig. 40, 5, 24, § 10 et saep.:

    contra testimonium aliquid judicare,

    without regard to, Cic. Brut. 31, 117:

    aliquid contra verecundiam disputare,

    contrary to the rules of decency, id. Off. 1, 35, 128:

    aliquid contra fidem constituere,

    Quint. 5, 13, 34:

    quae majores nostri contra lubidinem animi sui recte atque ordine fecere,

    contrary to the dictates of passion, Sall. C. 51, 4; id. J. 33, 1; cf. of logical opposition, II. E. 2. infra.—
    4.
    Dependent on substt.
    a.
    Of physical strife:

    scit ille imparem sibi luctatum contra nexus (draconis),

    Plin. 8, 12, 12, § 33. —
    b.
    Of warfare:

    imperatorum copia contra tuum furorem,

    Cic. Mur. 39, 83:

    Parthorum gloria contra nomen Romanum,

    Liv. 9, 18, 6: in castris perditorum contra patriam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 6.—
    c.
    Of legal contention:

    causa contra scriptum,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 46, 135.—
    d.
    Of political speaking:

    divina M. Tullii eloquentia contra leges agrarias,

    Quint. 2, 16, 7; 9, 3, 50; Gell. 18, 7, 7.—
    e.
    Of literary opposition:

    Caesaris vituperatio contra laudationem meam,

    Cic. Att. 12, 40, 1.—
    f.
    Of hostility, etc.:

    cujus factum, inceptum, conatumve contra patriam,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:

    ullum factum dictumve nostrum contra utilitatem vestram,

    Liv. 6, 40, 5.—
    g.
    Of injury:

    vitae cupiditas contra rem publicam,

    Cic. Planc. 37, 90: contra serpentes venenum, fatal to serpents, or as a defence against serpents, Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 15.—
    h.
    Of violation, disregard, etc. (cf. 3. g):

    iter contra senatus auctoritatem,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 48:

    contra consuetudinem somnium,

    Plin. 10, 77, 98, § 211:

    bonorum possessio contra tabulas,

    Dig. 37, 4, 3, § 13; Gai Inst. 3, 41.—
    5.
    Dependent on adjectives (very rare; cf.

    II. D. 2. c. infra): contraque patris impii regnum impotens, avum resolvam,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 966.
    D.
    Of defence, protection, and resistance (syn.: adversus, ab).
    1.
    Against persons.
    a.
    Dependent on verbs:

    cum populus Romanus suam auctoritatem vel contra omnes qui dissentiunt possit defendere,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 63: si ego consul rem publicam [p. 457] contra te et gregales tuos defendissem, id. Sest. 52, 111; 22, 49; 8, 20; id. Fam. 11, 27, 7; id. Phil. 2, 18, 45:

    contra quem multum omnes boni providerunt,

    provided a great defence, id. Mur. 38, 81: formula qua utitur patronus contra libertum qui eum in jus vocat, as a defence against, Gai Inst. 4, 46. —And of protection of plants against injurious animals:

    contra haec animalia proderit, si, etc.,

    Pall. 10, 3, 2.—
    b.
    Dependent on adjectives, mostly participial:

    paratus contra,

    Cic. Mil. 21, 56:

    nihil satis firmum contra Metellum,

    Sall. J. 80, 1:

    contra potentes nemo est munitus satis,

    Phaedr. 2, 6, 1.—
    2.
    Against inanimate and abstract things.
    a.
    Dependent on verbs:

    contra avium morsus munitur vallo aristarum,

    Cic. Sen. 15, 51:

    propugnaculum, quo contra omnes meos impetus usurum se putat,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 16, § 40; 2, 5, 39, § 102:

    publicam causam contra vim armatam suscipere,

    id. Dom. 34, 91; id. Quint. 30, 94; id. Leg. 3, 3, 9:

    contra tantas difficultates providere,

    Sall. J. 90, 1; 76, 4; so,

    contra ea,

    id. ib. 57, 5:

    patricii vi contra vim resistunt,

    Liv. 3, 13, 4; Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 28; Tac. Agr. 45; Sen. Prov. 4, 12; id. Const. 5, 4.—
    b.
    Dependent on substt.:

    suffragia contra oppugnationem vestrae majestatis,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 12, 35:

    defensio contra vim,

    id. Mil. 5, 14:

    patronus justitiae fuit contra orationem Phili,

    id. Lael. 7, 25; Plin. 29, 2, 9, § 30; 14, 3, 4, § 40:

    contra labores patientia,

    id. 23, 1, 22, § 37.—
    c.
    Dependent on adjectives (in Cic. freq. with P. a. predicatively used; otherwise very rare;

    in later prose freq.): nec est quidquam Cilicia contra Syriam munitius,

    against an attack from the side of Syria, Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 4:

    ut nullius res tuta, nullius domus clausa, nullius vita saepta, nullius pudicitia munita contra tuam cupiditatem posset esse,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 15, § 39; id. Fin. 1, 16, 51; id. Mil. 25, 67; id. Tusc. 5, 8, 19; 5, 27, 76:

    vir contra audaciam firmissimus,

    id. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; Sall. J. 33, 2; 28, 5:

    fortis contra dolorem,

    Sen. Ep. 98, 18; Quint. 12, 1, 10:

    callosus,

    Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 147; 14, 2, 4, § 23:

    far contra hiemes firmissimum,

    id. 18, 8, 19, § 83:

    equus tenax contra vincula,

    Ov. Am. 3, 4, 13:

    contraque minantia fata pervigil,

    Claud. I. Cons. Stil. 1, 284.—
    3.
    Of remedies against sickness and its causes, poison, etc.; so only in Plin.; in Pall. only of preventives and of protection against hurtful animals, and against mental perturbations in gen.; cf. infra (syn. ad in Cat., Cic., Cels., Col.; adversus only in Celsus, who also has in with abl.).
    (α).
    Dependent on verbs:

    cujus et vinum et uva contra serpentium ictus medetur,

    Plin. 14, 18, 22, § 117; 7, 2, 2, § 13:

    prodest et contra suspiria et tussim,

    id. 20, 13, 50, § 128:

    valet potum contra venena,

    id. 28, 7, 21, § 74; 29, 4, 22, § 71; 29, 4, 26, § 81; 28, 8, 27, § 98; 16, 37, 71, § 180; 35, 6, 14, § 34; 28, 6, 18, §§ 65-67.—
    (β).
    Dependent on substt.:

    remedium contra morsus,

    Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 118; 10, 59, 79, § 163:

    contra venena esse omnia remedio,

    id. 16, 44, 95, § 251; 17, 24, 37, § 240; 7, 1, 1, § 4.—
    (γ).
    Dependent on adjectives:

    vinum quod salutare contra pestilentiam sit,

    Pall. 11, 14, 17.—
    (δ).
    Appositively, as a remedy:

    cujus lacteum succum miris laudibus celebrat... contra serpentes et venena,

    Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 16; 29, 4, 26, § 83. —So of remedies against affections:

    Tiberium tonante caelo coronari ea (lauro) solitum ferunt contra fulminum metus,

    Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 135; cf. Sen. Ira, 2, 21, 1; id. Tranq. 5. 1.
    E.
    Of logical opposition.
    1.
    With a neuter demonstrative (contra ea, contra haec, contra quae, quod contra = contra, adv.).
    a.
    The contrary, the reverse (very rare; cf.

    I. D. 1.): sed mihi contra ea videtur,

    but to me the contrary seems true, Sall. J. 85, 1:

    omnia quae contra haec sunt, omnia quae contra sunt,

    and vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 90. —
    b.
    Contra ea, on the contrary, in logical antithesis (not in Cic. and Sall.; once in Caes. and Quint.; several times in Liv. and Nep.; cf.: contra ea, in other uses, II. A. 2. e. a, II. D. 2. a., II. A. 3. d., II. C. 1. f.):

    omnes arderent cupiditate pugnandi... contra ea Caesar... spatiumque interponendum... putabat ( = at contra),

    but Caesar on the contrary, Caes. B. C. 3, 74: superbe ab Samnitibus... legati prohibiti commercio sunt;

    contra ea benigne ab Siculorum tyrannis adjuti,

    Liv. 4, 52, 6; 2, 60, 1; 21, 20, 6;

    44, 43, 5: pater... Thracem me genuit, contra ea mater Atheniensem,

    Nep. Iphicr. 3, 4; id. praef. 6; id. Alcib. 8, 1.—And after a question, with immo (cf. I. E. 5. b.):

    an infirmissimi omnium... (sumus)? Immo contra ea vel viribus nostris, vel, etc., tuti (sumus),

    Liv. 41, 24, 8.—
    c.
    Quod contra, by anastrophe (v. F. 1.), contrary to which, whereas, while on the contrary (only once in Lucr. and three times in Cic.):

    illud in his rebus vereor ne forte rearis, Inpia te rationis inire elementa viamque indugredi sceleris: quod contra saepius illa Religio peperit scelerosa atque impia facta,

    whereas on the contrary, Lucr. 1, 81:

    cujus a me corpus crematum est, quod contra decuit ab illo meum (sc. cremari),

    Cic. Sen. 23, 84:

    quod contra oportebat delicto dolere, correctione gaudere,

    id. Lael. 24, 90 (B. and K. place a comma after oportebat; cf.

    Nauck ad loc.): reliquum est ut eum nemo judicio defenderit: quod contra copiosissime defensum esse contendi,

    id. Quint. 28, 87 (many consider contra in all these passages as an adverb; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 121 sq.; some explain quod as an ancient ablative, = qua re;

    v. Ritschl,

    Plaut. Exc. p. 57, Munro ad Lucr. 1, 82).—
    2.
    With an abstract noun, with the force of the adverb contra with ac or atque (I. F. 1.), contrary to, contrary to what, etc. (esp. in Sall., not in Cic.; cf. praeter): celeriter contraque omnium opinionem confecto itinere, contrary to the opinion ( = contra ac rati erant), Caes. B. G. 6, 30:

    contra opinionem Jugurthae ad Thalam perveniunt,

    Sall. J. 75, 9; Hirt. B. G. 8, 40.—Contra spem either contrary to the opinion, or against the hope:

    Metellus contra spem suam laetissume excipitur ( = contra ac ratus, veritus est),

    Sall. J. 88, 1; so,

    cetera contra spem salva invenit,

    Liv. 9, 23, 17:

    contra spem omnium L. Furium optavit,

    id. 6, 25, 5; Curt. 8, 4, 45;

    but: at Jugurtha contra spem nuntio accepto ( = contra ac speraverat),

    Sall. J. 28, 1; Liv. 24, 45, 3:

    postquam... Jugurtha contra timorem animi praemia sceleris adeptum sese videt,

    Sall. J. 20, 1:

    ipse in Numidiam procedit, ubi contra belli faciem tuguria plena hominumque... erant ( = contra ac in bello evenire solet),

    id. ib. 46, 5:

    contra famam,

    Plin. 13, 22, 43, § 126; 7, 53, 54, § 180:

    segniterque et contra industriam absconditae formicae,

    slowly, and in a manner different from their usual activity, id. 18, 35, 88, § 364.—Of persons:

    frigidam potionem esse debere, contra priores auctores, Asclepiades confirmavit,

    contrary to the opinion of the former physicians, Cels. 4, 26 (19).
    F.
    Sometimes by anastrophe after its noun.
    1.
    In prose, after relatives, esp. in Cic.:

    quos contra disputant,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 15, 47:

    quem contra dicit,

    id. Phil. 2, 8, 18 (v. II. B. 1. f.):

    quem contra veneris,

    id. Mur. 4, 9:

    quas contra, praeter te, etc.,

    id. Vatin. 7, 18:

    eos ipsos quos contra statuas,

    id. Or. 10, 34:

    quos contra me senatus armavit,

    id. Att. 10, 8, 8:

    quam contra multa locutus est,

    Sen. Ep. 82, 7, Plin. Ep. 1, 23, 3; Claud. in Rufin. 1, 332; v. also E. 1. c. supra.—
    2.
    After other words ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    hunc igitur contra mittam contendere causam,

    Lucr. 4, 471:

    dicere eos contra,

    id. 4, 484:

    donique eum contra,

    id. 5, 708:

    agmina contra,

    Verg. A. 12, 279:

    magnum Alciden contra,

    id. ib. 5, 414:

    Paridem contra,

    id. ib. 5, 370:

    Italiam contra,

    id. ib. 1, 13:

    deos contra,

    Ov. P. 1, 1, 26:

    Messania moenia contra,

    id. M. 14, 17:

    litora Calabriae contra,

    Tac. A. 3, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > contra

  • 52 contra dicta

    contrā, adv. and prep. [stem con, i. e. cum, through a comparative form conter; cf.: alter, uter, inter, praeter, etc.; in abl. fem. form like the locative adverbs ea, qua, etc.; cf.: ultra, intra, extra, citra], orig., in comparison with; hence, over against, fronting, in front, opposite, in opposition to, against, contrary to, opposed to, etc.
    I.
    Adv. (referring to an opposed object often with the force of a preposition with ellipsis of a pronoun, = against it, against him, etc.).
    A.
    Local.
    1.
    Lit., of position in front of a person, place, or thing.
    a.
    With verb of being or position expressed or understood.
    (α).
    Referring to living beings, opposite, in face of, face to face, facing, in front of, fronting, confronting (not in Cic., Caes., or Sall.):

    feminam scelestam te, adstans contra, contuor,

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 26:

    ut confidenter mihi contra adstitit,

    id. Capt. 3, 5, 6; Lucr. 4, 223; 6, 929:

    signum contra, quoad longissume oculi ferebant, animo finivit,

    Liv. 1, 18, 8:

    stat contra starique jubet,

    Juv. 3, 290:

    stat contra dicitque tibi tua pagina Fures!

    Mart. 1, 55, 12:

    ulmus erat contra,

    in front of her, Ov. M. 14, 661:

    templa vides contra,

    in front (of us), id. ib. 7, 587.—Of position in front of the enemy:

    contra conserta manu,

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 3: contra consistere, to make front against them, Caes. B. G. 2, 17.—
    (β).
    Referring to things and places, over against (it), opposite (to it), on the opposite side (mostly post-Aug.):

    contra jacet Cancer patulam distentus in alvum,

    Manil. 2, 253:

    posita contra Hispania,

    Tac. Agr. 11:

    promuntorium quod contra procedit,

    Plin. 4, 2, 3, § 6: relinquendae autem contra erunt vacuae tabellae, on the opposite side, i. e. of the leaf, Quint. 10, 3, 32: illo quaerente cur non decidant contra siti, the antipodes (cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; v. II. A. 1. c. a), Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161.—With the governing verb understood:

    arguam hanc vidisse apud te contra conservum meum,

    face to face, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 91:

    jam omnia contra circaque hostium plena erant, Liv 5, 37, 8: eadem verba contra (i. e. ponuntur),

    side by side, Quint. 9, 3, 36; Verg. A. 6, 23.—
    b.
    With verbs of motion, so as to be opposite to an object or face to face with a person, variously rendered.
    (α).
    Referring to persons:

    accede ad me atque adi contra,

    come right up to me, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 23; id. Bacch. 3, 6, 6: hostes crebri cadunt; nostri contra ingruunt, advance to their front (in Plaut. hostility is not implied in contra), id. Am. 1, 1, 84: quis nos pater aut cognatu' volet contra tueri, face to face, eye to eye, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 12 Mull. (Trag. Rel. v. 444 Rib.); Att. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 55 (Trag. Rel. v. 538 ib.):

    adspicedum contra me = contra adspice me,

    Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 56 Lorenz ad lec.:

    contra adspicere,

    id. Mil. 2, 1, 45:

    contra intueri,

    Liv. 1, 16, 6; 9, 6, 8; Sen. Q. N. 1, 3, 6:

    cum veniret contra Marcianus,

    Quint. 6, 3, 95; Plin. 9, 46, 70, § 152.—
    (β).
    Of things:

    hic ubi sol radiis... Adversa fulsit nimborum aspergine contra,

    Lucr. 6, 525; Cels. 8, 8, 1:

    quam (turrim) promoti contra validi asseres... perfregere,

    Tac. H. 4, 30.—Reciprocally: oscula non pervenientia contra, not coming through (the wall) so as to meet, Ov. M. 4, 80.—
    2.
    Transf. to equivalents of weight, value, and price; so,
    (α).
    In Plaut. only in the colloq. phrases auro contra, aurichalco contra, and contra auro (sc. posito); lit., for gold placed against; cf.:

    aes contrarium, s. v. contrarius: (servus) non carus'st auro contra,

    at his weight in gold, Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 30: jam auro contra constat filius, id. Truc. 2, 6, 57 (Speng. aurichalco): auro contra cedo modestum amatorem! A me aurum accipe. Pa. Cedo mihi contra aurichalco quoi ego sano serviam, id. Curc. 1, 3, 45 sq.; id. Mil. 3, 1, 63; 4, 2, 85; id. Ps. 2, 3, 23.—
    (β).
    In post-Aug. prose (very rare):

    at si aquae et ejus rei quam contra pensabis par pondus erit, nec pessum ibit, nec exstabit, etc.,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—
    3.
    Of reciprocal actions, = vicissim, in turn, in return, back, on my, his, etc., part, likewise, counter-.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    te ut deludam contra, lusorem meum,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 71:

    quae me amat, quam ego contra amo,

    id. Merc. 5. 2, 77; id. Cist. 1, 1, 96; id. Trin. 4, 2, 55; id. As. 2, 2, 110:

    qui arguat se, eum contra vincat jurejurando suo,

    make a victorious counter-charge, id. Mil. 2, 2, 37:

    si laudabit haec Illius formam, tu hujus contra (i. e. lauda),

    Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 54:

    audi nunc contra jam,

    listen in turn, id. Phorm. 4, 4, 18; id. Ad. 5, 4, 23:

    at tu mihi contra nunc videre fortunatus, Phaedria, Cui, etc.,

    you likewise seem fortunate to me, id. Phorm. 1, 3, 21:

    Mettius Tullo gratulatur, contra Tullus Mettium benigne alloquitur,

    Liv. 1, 28, 1:

    contra ut me diligat illa,

    Cat. 76. 23; Hor. S. 1, 3, 27 Orell. ad loc.—Hence, with ellipsis of inquit, = respondit:

    cui latrans contra senex,

    Phaedr. 5, 10, 7:

    scietis, inquam, etc., contra Nigrinus: ad quem missi sunt? ego, etc.,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 6, 4.—

    Rarely with inquit, etc., expressed: at ille contra, renidens, Audi, inquit, discipule, etc.,

    Gell. 15, 9, 9; cf.:

    contra talia reddit,

    Claud. B. Gild. 379.—
    (β).
    With dat. pers.:

    consulo quem dolum doloso contra conservo parem,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 45:

    facere contra huic aegre,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 10:

    hiscine contra insidiabere?

    id. Hec. 1. 1, 13:

    tibi contra gratiam Referre,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 7.—
    (γ).
    With item:

    item a me contra factum est,

    Plaut. Aul. prol. 20:

    puellam senex Amat et item contra filius,

    id. Cas. prol. 49; id. Pers. 5, 2, 36; id. Am. 1, 1, 67; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 25.—
    (δ).
    Combining a reciprocal with a local relation (A. 1. a. a, and b. a): contra carinantes verba, exchanging abusive words ( face to face), Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 8, 361 (Ann. v. 181 Vahl.): tubae utrimque contra canunt;

    Consonat terra,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 73; 1, 1, 86:

    confer gradum Contra pariter,

    id. Ps. 2, 4, 18; id. Truc. 1, 2, 28:

    video amicam... Ubi contra adspexit me, etc.,

    id. Mil. 2, 1, 45; Verg. E. 7, 8; cf. Lucr. 4, 243:

    vesper adest, juvenes consurgite!... Cernitis, innuptae, juvenes? consurgite contra!

    Cat. 62, 6.—
    (ε).
    Implying also opposition: Pe. Conpellabo. Ph. Orationis aciem contra conferam, Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 20:

    si scias quod donum huic dono contra comparet,

    what counter gift, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 63: quod Scipio postulavit... ut, etc. Et quod contra collega postulavit ne, etc., Annal. Trib. Pleb. ap. Gell. 7 (6), 19, 5:

    si vobis aequa et honesta postulatio videtur, ego contra brevem postulationem adfero,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 7; Nep. Epam. 6, 1;

    Auct. B. Alex. 24: illo licente contra liceri audeat nemo,

    to bid in opposition, Caes. B. G. 1, 18; Liv. 4, 53, 6:

    agedum pauca accipe contra,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 38.—So in battle:

    Numidae... Romanorum ordines conturbare... neque contra feriundi copia erat,

    Sall. J. 50, 4; and in law: et ab eo is qui adoptat vindicat... et illo contra non vindicante, etc., Gai Inst. 1, 134; 2, 24.—Esp. in replies:

    oratio contra a Demosthene pro Ctesiphonte edita,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 56, 213:

    dicit accusator haec: primum, etc.... quid contra reus?

    id. Clu. 30, 81; id. Fin. 5, 22, 63; Curt. 4, 1, 10; 7, 9, 1.
    B.
    Of opposition, strife, etc., against; constr. absol., with dat., and ne, quominus or quin.
    1.
    Of physical exertion.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    concurrunt... aetheriae nubes contra pugnantibu' ventis,

    struggling against each other, Lucr. 6. 98:

    nec nos obniti contra... Sufficimus,

    bear up, battle against, Verg. A. 5, 21; Ov. M. 9, 50; 2, 434:

    at ille contra nititur,

    resists, Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 103; 7, 20, 19, § 82:

    pars remigum, tamquam imperitia... officia nautarum impediebant. Mox contra tendere,

    rowed in an opposite direction, Tac. H. 4, 16.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    te rogo ne contrahas ac demittas animum, neque te obrui tamquam fluctu... sinas, contraque erigas ac resistas,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 4:

    et torrens judicem vel nitentem contra feret, cogatque ire qua rapiet,

    Quint. 12, 10, 61.— With ne: vi contra niti, ne advorsus eum fiat, Cato ap. Gell. 7 (6), 3, 16.—With quominus, Lucr. 1, 780.—
    2.
    Of mental exertion:

    si tibi vera videntur, Dede manus, aut, si falsum est, accingere contra,

    arm yourself against them, Lucr. 2, 1043; 2, 280. —With dat.:

    siti contra... pugnandum,

    Cels. 4, 2 fin.
    3.
    Of hostile opposition in gen.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    quod animadversum est in eo qui contra omni ratione pugnarunt, non debeo reprehendere,

    who made opposition in every way, Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 137; id. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107:

    contra etiam aliquid abs te profectum ex multis audivi,

    something inimical, id. Fam. 5, 5, 2.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    aut alio quovis (sc. colore) qui contra pugnet et obstet,

    Lucr. 2, 794; 2, 868.—
    4.
    Of warfare.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    ut eos adversarios existimemus qui arma contra ferant,

    Cic. Off. 1, 25, 87; 1, 12, 37; Vell. 2, 28, 4; cf.:

    quid quod exercitum contra duxit?

    Auct. Her. 4, 16, 23:

    ut si qua ex parte obviam contra veniretur, acie instructa depugnarent,

    if they should be attacked by an open charge, Caes. B. G. 7, 28:

    issentque confestim ad urbem ni venire contra exercitum... audissent,

    Liv. 7, 39, 17:

    cum Romanae legiones contra direxerint,

    would oppose their march, Tac. H. 4, 58; id. A. 6, 44.—With dat.:

    et huic contra itum ad amnem Erinden,

    Tac. A. 11, 10.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    quod ubi viderunt corvi, contra auxiliantur, velut adversus communem hostem,

    Plin. 10, 74, 95, § 205.—
    5.
    Of legal contests.
    (α).
    With verbs of saying; v. 9. a.—
    (β).
    Venire contra, of any legal act with the intention to hurt the adversary:

    quid? si omnium mortalium Sthenio nemo inimicior quam hic C. Claudius... fuit? si de litteris corruptis contra venit, etc.?

    if he made a charge of forgery against him? Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107; cf. II. B. c. b.—
    (γ).
    On the part of the adversary:

    inveniendum contra est, quo distet haec causa a ceteris,

    Quint. 5, 10, 114; 9, 2, 35; 12, 8, 10.—
    (δ).
    Of judgments against the parties or against opinions:

    ne spoliaret fama probatum hominem si contra judicasset,

    given an adverse decision, Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77; cf. Val. Max. 7, 2, 4; Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—
    6.
    Of literary opposition.
    (α).
    Mostly with verbs of saying; v. 9. a. g.—
    (β).
    With other verbs:

    astrologorum artem contra convincere tendit,

    Lucr. 5, 728:

    contra nunc illud pone, etc.,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 14, 6:

    habeat (liber meus) etiam quosdam qui contra sentiant et adversentur,

    some dissentients and opponents, Quint. 3, 1, 5; 2, 17, 40; 3, 8, 69.—
    7.
    Of public and political opposition.
    (α).
    With verbs of saying; v. 9. a. d.—
    (β).
    With petere, to be a candidate for office in opposition to another:

    nihil enim supererat de quo certarent, nihil quod contra peterent,

    no office was left for which to canvass against each other, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91:

    honores contra petere,

    Quint. 6, 1, 17.—With ire, with dat., of an opposing vote in the senate (cf.:

    pedibus ire): sententia Cassii ut nemo unus contra ire ausus est, ita dissonae voces respondebant,

    Tac. A. 14, 45.—
    8.
    Of violation of law, contracts, etc.: contra facere, or contra committere, to violate, transgress a law, etc.: leges esse non ex ejus qui contra commiserit utilitate, spectari oportere, not in the interest of the transgressor, Cic. Inv. 2, 48, 153:

    si quis sub hoc pacto vendiderit ancillam ne prostitueretur, et si contra factum esset,

    and if the contract was violated, Dig. 18, 1, 56.—
    9.
    With verbs of saying, etc., contra dicere; less freq. disputare, disserere, pugnare, in the sense of dicere, and contra scribere (often contradico, in one word, in post-Aug. writers; esp. with dat.).
    a.
    Absol.
    (α).
    Contra dicere, to speak as counsel of the adversary, to plead his cause, in legal proceedings:

    cum contra dicturus Hortensius esset,

    would speak on the other side, Cic. Quint. 24, 77:

    hoc... contra dicente Cotta judicatum est,

    id. Caecin. 33, 97:

    dixisse ut contra nemo videretur,

    id. Brut. 53, 198: ut contra Crassus... exorsus est, began on the other side, id. ib. § 197.—Hence: qui contra dicit, the adversary or counsel of the adversary:

    contra autem qui dicet, similitudinem infirmare debebit,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 151; id. Part. Or. 21, 108.—In the same sense: agens contra: si nos... impares agentium contra ingeniis dixerimus, that we are unequal to the talents of our adversary's counsel, [p. 453] Quint. 4, 1, 8.—
    (β).
    To make charges against (rare):

    si qui contra vellet dicere, usurum esse eum suo testimonio,

    Cic. Clu. 48, 134:

    qua ratione nemo neque tum item fecerit, neque nunc contra dicat,

    id. Quint. 29, 88; so,

    contra disputare, of objections to or against a witness: nihil contra disputabo priusquam dixerit,

    id. Fl. 21, 51.—
    (γ).
    In gen., to speak on the other side of a question:

    fiebat autem ita, ut cum is qui audire vellet dixisset quid sibi videretur, tum ego contra dicerem,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; id. Fin. 2, 1, 2; so,

    contra disputare and contra scribere,

    id. Or. 1, 19, 85; Vitr. 3, 1, 6; Quint. 2, 17, 13; Dig. 9, 2, 21, § 1.—Hence: qui contra dicunt or disputant, the opponents:

    nec qui contra dicunt causam difficilem repellunt,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 1, 2:

    ad coarguendos qui contra disputant,

    to refule his opponents, Quint. 2, 15, 26.—
    (δ).
    To oppose or object to a proposition, motion, or petition:

    quam palam principes dixerunt contra!

    protested against it, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 16, § 41; Caes. B. C. 1, 32; Cic. Clu. 47, 130.—With pugnare:

    cum decerneretur frequenti senatu, contra pugnante Pisone, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 1, 14, 5:

    filius ejus incolumitatem optat: contradicit pater,

    the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 85; 9, 2, 83; Plin. ap. Gell. 9, 16, 5; Cic. Dom. 33, 87:

    contradicente nullo,

    Suet. Caes. 20; Dig. 3, 3, 15.—
    (ε).
    To reply:

    contradixit edicto,

    answered by an edict, Suet. Aug. 56. —
    (ζ).
    Abl. absol. impers.:

    explorandum videtur an etiam contradicto aliquando judicio consuetudo firmata sit,

    whether the custom has been confirmed by judgment upon a judicial contest, Dig. 1, 3, 34.—
    b.
    With acc. neutr. pron., to object, to make or raise an objection, to reply; esp. in legal proceedings:

    ego enim, te disputante, quid contra dicerem meditabar,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 1:

    ut contra si quid dicere velit non audiatur,

    id. Fin. 5, 10, 27:

    aiebat illum primo sane diu multa contra (i. e. dixisse), ad extremum autem, etc.,

    id. Att. 2, 22, 2.— Hence: quod contra dicitur, or quae contra dicuntur, the objections:

    ut et id quod intenderemus confirmare, et id quod contra diceretur refellere (possemus),

    refute the objections, Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 90:

    quia neque reprehendi quae contra dicuntur possunt, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 81, 331; id. Inv. 2, 44, 127; Quint. 1, 2, 17.—In the same sense, as subst.: contrā dicta, orum, n. plur.:

    seu proposita confirmamus, sive contra dicta dissolvimus,

    or refute the objections, Quint. 4, prooem. 6.—With acc. and inf.:

    dicitur contra, nullum esse testamentum,

    the objection is made that there is no testament, Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 42.—
    c.
    With dat., written in one word (post-Aug.).
    (α).
    To oppose a person by speaking against his views:

    solitum se etiam Thraseae contradicere,

    to oppose even Thrasea, Tac. H. 2, 91:

    tibi,

    Suet. Aug. 54:

    Curioni...,

    id. Rhet. 1. —Hence of answers and replies in law: quid si filium testatoris heres ejus prohibuit? Huic contradici potest: ergo pietatis, etc., he may be answered by this plea, etc., Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—And of advisory answers opposed to one's legal views:

    volenti mihi ream adulterii postulare eam, etc., contradictum est,

    my views were disapproved, rejected, Dig. 48, 5, 11, § 10.—
    (β).
    To oppose an opinion, with dat. of the thing:

    cum plures tantum sententiis aliorum contradicerent,

    opposed the opinions, Tac. H. 1, 39.—
    (γ).
    To object to a motion or petition, with dat. of the petitioner:

    patrem qui damnavit optat ne is torqueatur: pater ei contradicit,

    the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 81:

    cum ambienti ut legibus solveretur multi contradicerent,

    Suet. Caes. 18; Dig. 40, 5, 14; 40, 12, 33.—
    (δ).
    With dat. of the petition:

    preces erant, sed quibus contradici non posset,

    which could not be denied, Tac. H. 4, 46 fin.; Dig. 3, 1, 1, § 2.—
    (ε).
    To contest the validity of a law (rare):

    quibus (legibus) contradici potest,

    Quint. 7, 7, 4.—
    (ζ).
    To contradict an assertion (very rare):

    pro certis autem habemus... cuicunque adversarius non contradicit,

    Quint. 5, 10, 13.—
    d.
    With quin, to object:

    praetor Samnitibus respondit... nec contra dici quin amicitia de integro reconcilietur,

    there was no objection to a reconciliation, Liv. 8, 2, 2.
    C.
    To one's disadvantage; mostly predic. with esse, unfavorable, adverse, damaging (post-Aug.;

    but cf. II. B. 2.): ut eum qui responsurus est vel tacere, vel etiam invitum id quod sit contra cogat fateri,

    Quint. 7, 3, 14:

    cum verba (legis) contra sint,

    id. 7, 1, 49:

    sed experimentum contra fuit,

    unsuccessful, Tac. H. 2, 97 fin.:

    ubi fortuna contra fuit,

    id. ib. 3, 18:

    si fortuna contra daret,

    should be unfavorable, id. ib. 1, 65 fin.; id. A. 15, 13.
    D.
    Of logical opposition, with negative force.
    1.
    Of a direct contrast.
    a.
    Predicatively, with esse, fieri, etc., the contrary, the opposite:

    quod fieri totum contra manifesta docet res,

    but experience teaches that just the contrary is true, Lucr. 3, 686; 4, 1088:

    in stultitia contra est,

    with fools the reverse is true, Cic. Clu. 31, 84:

    in hac quidem re vereor ne etiam contra (i. e. sit),

    id. Att. 12, 46; id. Off. 1, 15, 49:

    quod contra est,

    Sall. J. 85, 21:

    quis non credat, etc.? Contra autem est,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 12; id. Ep. 7, 3; Dig. 37, 4, 4:

    contra fore si, etc.,

    ib. 34, 2, 39, § 2:

    immo forsitan et contra (i. e. erit),

    ib. 41, 3, 49:

    ego contra puto (i. e. esse),

    Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 7; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 25.—
    b.
    With evenire, accidere, sentire, scribere, habere, etc.:

    utrumque contra accidit: istic enim bellum est exortum, hic pax consecuta,

    of both the contrary has happened, Cic. Fam. 12, 18, 2; so Dig. 38, 2, 51:

    id ego contra puto (sc.: faciendum esse),

    id. Att. 10, 8, 2:

    contra evenit in iis morbis,

    Sen. Ep. 52, 7; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 163:

    ego contra sentio,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 15, 5; Sedig. ap. Gell. 15, 24, 4; Dig. 40, 2, 25:

    Proculus contra (sc. sentit),

    ib. 35, 2, 1, § 14; 33, 7, 25:

    licet Celsus contra scribat,

    ib. 9, 2, 21, § 1: contra probatur, Gai Inst. 2, 78; Dig. 33, 7, 12, § 34.—Very rarely referring to a term in the same clause:

    cujus disparem mitioremque naturam contra interpretabatur,

    interpreted in an opposite sense, misinterpreted, misunderstood, Tac. H. 4, 86 fin.
    c.
    Referring to a word or phrase in the same predicate.
    (α).
    To an adverb, in an opposite manner, otherwise, differently, not, etc.:

    nam ad summam totius rei pertinet, caute an contra demonstrata res sit,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 81, 330: quod viriliter animoque fit, id, etc.;

    quod contra, id turpe,

    id. Off. 1, 27, 94:

    sit sapienter usus aut contra,

    Quint. 2, 5, 15:

    lactuca locis apricis optume autumno ponitur, mediterraneis aut frigidis contra ( = pessime),

    Col. 11, 3, 25.—
    (β).
    To a predicative adjective, not, the opposite, the reverse, etc.:

    ut aliae (res) probabiles videantur aliae contra,

    improbable, Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 103; id. Off. 2, 2, 7:

    quid est quod me impediat ea quae probabilia mihi videantur sequi, quae contra, improbare,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 8; id. Or. 2, 31, 135; Quint. 4, 2, 52.—
    (γ).
    To a verbal predicate:

    an frater fratri exsistat heres, an contra ( = annon),

    Dig. 34, 5, 19.—
    (δ).
    To a subject infinitive:

    laudare testem vel contra pertinet ad momentum judiciorum,

    praising or censuring a witness, Quint. 3, 7, 2.—
    (ε).
    To a clause, translated by not or by a repetition of the clause with a negative:

    quae secundum naturam essent, ea sumenda et quadam aestimatione dignanda docebat, contraque contraria,

    those that were not, not, Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 36: quod cuidam aut sapiens videor quod una non jerim, aut felix fuisse;

    mihi contra,

    id. Att. 9, 12, 4: an credibile est, incestum cum filia commissum? Et contra, veneficum in noverca, adulterum in luxurioso? and incredible, etc., Quint. 5, 10, 19; so Dig. 9, 1, 2, § 1.—
    (ζ).
    To an attributive genitive:

    Marius cognoscere quid boni utrisque or contra esset (i. e. mali),

    Sall. J. 88, 2:

    verum de origine laudis contraque perspiciemus suo tempore (i. e. vituperationis),

    Quint. 2, 4, 21:

    alii a propositione accusatoris contraque loci oriuntur,

    the accuser and the accused, id. 7, 2, 31;

    so in several titles of the Digests, as Depositi vel contra, = actio depositi, vel contraria actio depositarii,

    Dig. 16, 3 tit.; so ib. 16, 17, 1; 16, 13, 6; 16, 13, 7.—
    2.
    Reversing the relation of terms in the preceding sentence, the reverse, conversely, vice versa, etc.
    a.
    With its own predicate: saepe... corpus aegret, Cum tamen ex alia laetamur parte latenti;

    Et retro fit uti contra sit saepe vicissim, Cum miser ex animo laetatur corpore toto,

    Lucr. 3, 108: illa altera argumentatio, quasi retro et contra, prius sumit, etc., ( proceeding), so to speak, backward and in inverted order, Cic. Part. Or. 13, 46: neque illud ignoro, etc.; sed non idem accidit contra, but the converse is not true, Quint. 8, 6, 3; Gell. 4, 2, 5: ut vocabula verbis, verba rursus adverbiis, nomina appositis et pronominibus essent priora. Nam fit contra quoque frequenter non indecore. for often, not inelegantly, the order is reversed, Quint. 9, 4, 24:

    quae etiam contra valent,

    i. e. if the terms are reversed, id. 3, 7, 25; 9, 2, 49; 8, 6, 25; 9, 4, 72.—
    b.
    Belonging to the same predicate:

    ut quidque erit dicendum ita dicet, nec satura jejune, nec grandia minute, nec item contra,

    Cic. Or. 36, 123:

    cum emtor venditori, vel contra, heres exstitit,

    Dig. 35, 2, 48:

    in quibus patrium pro possessivo dicitur, vel contra,

    Quint. 1, 5, 45; 5, 10, 71:

    junguntur autem aut ex nostro et peregrino, ut biclinium, aut contra, ut epitogium et Anticato,

    id. 1, 5, 68:

    ut capras in montosis potius locis quam in herbidis (pascar), equas contra,

    but with mares the reverse is the case, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 16:

    itaque ille dicere melius quam praecipere, nos contra fortasse possumus,

    Cic. Or. 42, 143:

    qua collegi solent ex his quae faciunt ea quae faciuntur, aut contra,

    or vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 80; Dig. 14, 1, 1, § 12; 48, 5, 23, § 4.
    E.
    In logical antithesis of clauses with a merely rhet. force, on the contrary, on the other hand, vice versa; sometimes almost = sed or autem (freq.).
    1.
    In independent clauses.
    a.
    Opposing persons or parties: fortunam insanam esse... perhibent philosophi... Sunt autem alii philosophi qui contra Fortunam negant ullam exstare, Pac. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 23, 36 (Trag. Rel. v. 372 Rib.); Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68; Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 1:

    ego etiam quae tu sine Verre commisisti Verri crimini daturus sum... Tu, contra, ne quae ille quidem fecit, obicies,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 11, 35:

    ego contra ostendo, non modo nihil fecisse Sex. Roscium, sed, etc.,

    id. Rosc. Am. 29, 79; id. Phil. 8, 3, 8; id. Off. 1, 30, 108; id. Fin. 5, 22, 62:

    in Italia bellum gerimus, in sede ac solo nostro... Hannibal contra in aliena, in hostili est terra,

    Liv. 22, 39, 13; 21, 50, 2; 3, 15, 2; 6, 7, 4; 9, 35, 4 et saep.; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; Vell. 2, 31, 4; Sen. Ep. 9, 14; id. Ira, 2, 33, 6; Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 113; Tac. H. 3, 84; 3, 57; Suet. Tib. 2; id. Vit. 2; Just. 2, 1, 10; 8, 4, 11:

    contra mercator, navim jactantibus austris Militia est potior?

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 6; 1, 2, 30; 1, 3, 27; Prop. 2, 1, 45; 2, 23, 13 (3, 17, 3); Sen. Hippol. 214;

    so with versa vice: barbarae gentes (Alexandrum) non ut hostem, sed ut parentem luxerunt... Contra Macedones versa vice non ut civem, sed ut hostem amissum gaudebant,

    Just. 13, 1, 7.—
    b.
    Introducing a secondary or parallel opposition of thought: in loco umidiore far potius serunt quam triticum;

    contra in aridiore hordeum potius quam far,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 4; 1, 1, 47: si nihil esset quod inane vocaret, Omne foret solidum;

    nisi contra corpora certe Essent, etc., Omne quod est spatium vacuum constaret inane,

    Lucr. 1, 521; 4, 348; cf.:

    justa omnia decora sunt, injusta contra, ut turpia, sic indecora,

    Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94; id. N. D. 2, 15, 41; id. de Or. 3, 33, 136; id. Quint. 30, 93: id. Off. 3, 21, 84; id. Leg. 2, 1, 2: facilem esse rem... si modo unum omnes sentiant; contra in dissensione nullam se salutem perspicere, Caes. B. G, 5, 31; Liv. 25, 30, 3; Sen. Ben. 1, 5, 2; Plin. 12, 19, 42, § 92; 11, 14, 14, § 35; Suet. Caes. 73; Gell. 1, 4, 5:

    si male rem gerere insani est, contra bene, sani,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 74.—
    2.
    In opposition to a dependent clause:

    ut hi miseri, sic contra illi beati quos, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 16; so id. de Or. 1, 45, 198; Quint. 9, 3, 39:

    cui ego rei tantum abest ut impedimento sim, ut contra te M. Manli adhorter, etc.,

    Liv. 6, 15, 5; 6, 31, 4:

    cum virtus adeo neminem spe ac pollicitatione corrumpat, ut contra in se inpendere jubeat, ac, etc.,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 1, 2: aut igitur negemus quidquam ratione confici, cum contra nihil sine ratione recte fieri possit, aut, etc., whereas on the contrary, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 38, 84; cf.:

    at contra,

    Lucr. 2, 392.—
    3.
    With co-ordinate conjunctions.
    a.
    Copulative, et contra or contraque (never with ac or atque); also nec contra (rare), and on the other hand.
    (α).
    With reference to a reason or conclusion, after nam, enim, cum, or itaque: nam et ratione uti... omnique in re quid sit veri videre et tueri decet, contraque falli [p. 454]... tam dedecet quam, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94:

    malus est enim custos... metus, contraque benevolentia fidelis,

    id. ib. 2, 7, 23:

    cum reficiat animos varietas ipsa, contraque sit aliquanto difficilius in labore uno perseverare,

    Quint. 1, 12, 4; 3, 8, 32; 8, 6, 20:

    itaque in probris maxime in promptu est, si quid tale dici potest, etc. Contraque in laudibus, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; cf. Suet. Calig. 51; so with nec:

    nam nec comoedia cothurnis assurgit, nec contra tragoedia socculo ingreditur,

    Quint. 10, 2, 22.—
    (β).
    With contrasted examples or illustrations, often after ut or sic:

    audivi ex majoribus natu, hoc idem fuisse in P. Scipione Nasica, contraque patrem ejus... nullam comitatem habuisse sermonis,

    Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109:

    ut suspitionibus credi oportere, et contra suspitionibus credi non oportere,

    id. Inv. 2, 15, 48; Quint. 8, 4, 1; 5, 10, 48; 9, 3, 7; 9, 4, 52; 11, 1, 14; Sen. Ep. 82, 14; Dig. 17, 1, 22, § 4.—
    (γ).
    With contrasted actions, assumptions, etc.:

    atque utinam qui ubique sunt propugnatores hujus imperii possent in hanc civitatem venire, et contra oppugnatores rei publicae de civitate exterminari!

    Cic. Balb. 22, 51:

    domo pignori data, et area ejus tenebitur... et contra jus soli sequitur aedificium,

    Dig. 13, 7, 21:

    equo et asina genitos mares, hinnos antiqui vocabant: contraque mulos quos asini et equae generassent,

    Plin. 8, 44, 69, § 17: ceterum potest ex lege quidem esse judicium, sed legitimum non esse, et contra ex lege non esse, sed legitimum esse, Gai Inst. 4, 109; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161; 35, 15, 5, § 183.—
    (δ).
    After a negative clause, affirming the opposite idea, et contra or contraque, but on the contrary:

    in quo (consulatu) ego imperavi nihil, et contra patribus conscriptis et bonis omnibus parui,

    Cic. Sull. 7, 21:

    nunc vero cum ne pulsus quidem ita sim ut superare non possim, contraque a populo Romano semper sim defensus, etc.,

    id. Dom. 33, 88; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Marcell. 6, 20; so,

    et contra,

    Suet. Tit. 7.—
    b.
    With adversative conjunctions, at contra, sed contra, contra autem, contra vero (not verum contra, nor contra tamen).
    (α).
    At contra (freq.), merely a strengthened contra (v. 1. supra): huc accedit uti mellis lactisque liquores Jucundo sensu linguae tractentur in ore;

    At contra taetri absinthi natura... foedo pertorqueat ora sapore,

    Lucr. 2, 400:

    cogunt,

    id. 2, 74; 1, 366; 2, 235 et saep.: nos qui domi sumus, tibi beati videmur;

    at contra nobis tu quidem... prae nobis beatus,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 2; id. Tusc. 1, 3, 5; id. Rosc. Am. 45, 131; id. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 66; Sall. J. 36, 2; 4, 7; 15, 3; id. C. 12, 5:

    ideo siccas aiunt Aethiopiae solitudines... At contra constat Germaniam abundare rivis,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 6, 2; 1, 3, 1; id. Ep. 100, 7; Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 186; Suet. Galb. 15; Tac. A. 4, 28.—
    (β).
    Sed contra, after a negative sentence (class.):

    non quo acui ingenia adulescentium nollem, sed contra ingenia obtundi nolui,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 24, 93; id. Att. 9, 15, 3; id. Ac. 1, 10, 35; id. Fl. 11, 26:

    arma populi Romani non liberis servitutem, sed contra servientibus libertatem adferre,

    Liv. 45, 18, 1:

    tu ne cede malis, sed contra audentior ito,

    Verg. A. 6, 95; Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 12.—PostAug. also without a preceding negation:

    obiisse nostro Laium scelere autumant superi inferique: sed animus contra innocens... negat,

    Sen. Oedip. 765; Symm. Ep. 6, 81.—
    (γ).
    Contra autem (rare;

    in Cic. only where different subjects have contrasted predicates in dependent clauses): quia pacis est insigne toga, contra autem arma tumultus atque belli,

    Cic. Pis. 30, 73.—In later writers = contra alone:

    sub septemtrione aedificia... conversa ad calidas partes oportere fieri videntur. Contra autem sub impetu solis meridiani regionibus conversa ad septemtrionem... sunt facienda,

    Vitr. 6, 1, 2; Gell. 14, 2, 19; Dig. 7, 1, 25, § 3; 34, 3, 25.—
    (δ).
    Contra vero (very rare;

    not in Cic.), used for contra: contra vero quercus infinitam habet aeternitatem,

    Vitr. 2, 9, 8; 6, 1, 3; Cels. 3, 6 fin.
    (ε).
    Atqui contra, App. Mag. p. 287, 24.—
    c.
    With disjunctive conjunctions, aut contra, vel contra, seu contra, or on the contrary, or conversely (always without change of subject).
    (α).
    Aut contra:

    num aut scriptum neget, aut contra factum infitietur?

    Cic. Part. Or. 38, 133: quae (mens) aut languescit... aut contra tumescit, etc., Quint. 1, 2, 18:

    si imbres defuere, aut contra abundavere,

    Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 228.—
    (β).
    Vel contra:

    hinc enim quaestiones oriuntur: Injuriam fecisti, sed quia magistratus, majestatis actio est? Vel contra: Licuit... quia magistratus?

    Quint. 5, 10, 40; 9, 4, 96; Suet. Galb. 3; Dig. 35, 2, 56, § 4; 8, 4, 6.—
    (γ).
    Seu contra:

    seu tristis veniam, seu contra laetus amicis,

    Prop. 1, 11, 25.—
    d.
    With causal conjunctions, nam contra (very rare;

    never contra enim): falso queritur de natura sua genus humanum quod, etc. Nam contra, reputando, neque majus aliud, neque praestabilius invenies,

    Sall. J. 1, 1; Quint. 1, 1, 1; 9, 2, 23. —
    4.
    In late Lat., e contra (also one word, ēcontrā) = contra,
    (α).
    In the meaning, the contrary (D. 1.):

    aliis vero econtra videtur,

    Hier. Ep. 12.—
    (β).
    Et econtra = et contra (E. 3. a.):

    honestiorum provectu et econtra suppliciis,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 39, 45.—For quod contra, v. II. E. 1. c.—
    5.
    With emphatic particles.
    a.
    Quin contra, nay on the contrary, opposing an affirmative sentence to a preceding negative statement (quin etiam amplifies without opposition; sed contra opposes without amplification; quin contra both opposes and amplifies);

    not before Livy: num qui enim socordius rempublicam administrari post Calvi tribunatum... quam? etc. Quin contra patricios aliquot damnatos... neminem plebeium,

    Liv. 6, 37, 8; 31, 31, 9; 35, 26, 10; 37, 15, 3.—
    b.
    Immo contra (post-Aug.).
    (α).
    = no, on the contrary, refuting opinions, after questions and in the form of a dialogue:

    existimas nunc me detrahere tibi multas voluptates?... Immo contra, nolo tibi umquam deesse laetitiam,

    Sen. Ep. 23, 3; Dig. 33, 7, 5; 33, 7, 29.—
    (β).
    = sed contra, but on the contrary:

    proinde ne submiseris te, immo contra fige stabilem gradum,

    Sen. Cons. Marc. 5, 6; id. Cons. Polyb. 15, 2; cf. prep.:

    immo contra ea,

    Liv. 41, 24, 8; cf. II. E. 1. b. infra.—
    c.
    Item contra = an emphatic et contra (very rare):

    quoniam... beate vivere alii in alio, vos in voluptate ponitis, item contra miseriam in dolore, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 86; cf. I. A. 3. g supra.
    F.
    With a comparative clause introduced by ac, atque, or quam, representing a logical or moral opposition (contra atque debuit = non ita ut debuit; cf. Cic. Or. 3, 19, 70); cf. prep., II. C. 3. g, and II. E. 2. infra.
    1.
    Of logical opposition, contrary to, different from, otherwise than; in the best prose only with atque or ac.
    (α).
    With atque:

    item, contra atque apud nos, fieri ad Elephantinem ut neque ficus neque vites amittant folia,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 6:

    simulacrum Jovis, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20; id. Sull. 24, 69:

    judicium suscepturos contra atque omnis Italia populusque Romanus judicavisset,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 12; id. B. G. 4, 13; Plin. 12, 19, 43, § 95.—
    (β).
    With ac:

    itaque contra est ac dicitis,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 15, 41:

    vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,

    id. Div. 2, 24, 53; so id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 11; id. Or. 40, 137:

    cum contra ac Deiotarus sensit victoria belli judicaret,

    id. Phil. 11, 13, 34:

    Petreius ubi videt, Catilinam, contra ac ratus erat, magna vi tendere, etc.,

    Sall. C. 60, 5.—
    (γ).
    With ac and atque:

    si denique aliquid non contra ac liceret factum diceretur, sed contra atque oporteret,

    Cic. Balb. 3, 7.—
    (δ).
    With quam (post-Aug.):

    cui contra quam proposuerat aliqua cesserunt,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 6, 5; Plin. 10, 53, 74, § 149; 11, 21, 24, § 72; Gell. 6 (7), 8, 6:

    contra quam licet,

    id. 1, 3, 19; Sil. 15, 107.—
    2.
    Of moral opposition of acts contrary to rules and principles (cf. II. 3. g infra); so always with quam:

    mater Aviti, generi sui, contra quam fas erat, amore capta,

    contrary to the divine law, Cic. Clu. 5, 12:

    ut senatus, contra quam ipse censuisset, ad vestitum rediret,

    contrary to its own resolution, id. Pis. 8, 18:

    contra quam ista causa postulasset,

    id. Caecin. 24, 67:

    contra quam sanctum legibus est,

    Liv. 30, 19, 9; Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 2; id. Dom. 46, 122:

    contraque faciunt quam polliceri videntur,

    Auct. Her. 4, 3, 6; Cic. de Or. 2, 20, 86.
    II.
    Prep. with acc., before, against, facing, towards, opposite to, contrary to (acc. to many scholars not ante-class.; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 108; but found Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 24 Fleck., a line omitted by Lorenz as a gloss; id. Pers. 1, 1, 13 Ritschl; Att. ap. Non. p. 469, 15, or Trag. Rel. v. 476 Rib.; cf. also Plaut. Poen. 5, 6, 18; Cato, R. R. 18, 1, and v. I. A. 1. a. b, and I. A. 1. b. a supra).
    A.
    Local uses.
    1.
    Opposite, over against, facing.
    a.
    Of countries and places (mostly of those separated by water;

    adversus and e regione mostly of places opposite by land): insulae natura triquetra, cujus unum latus est contra Galliam,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 13; 3, 9; 4, 20:

    ad insulam quae est contra Massiliam,

    id. B. C. 1, 56; 3, 23:

    Rhodios, pacatis contra insulam suam terris, etc.,

    Liv. 37, 15, 7; 3, 26, 8:

    Carthago Italiam contra,

    Verg. A. 1, 13; 5, 124; Ov. M. 14, 17:

    insulae quae contra Tauri promuntorium inopportune navigantibus objacent, Chelidoniae nominantur,

    Mel. 2, 7; Plin. 3, 26, 30, § 151; 6, 28, 32, § 152; 5, 7, 7, § 41; Tac. A. 3, 1; id. H. 2, 17.—
    b.
    Of the heavenly bodies:

    donique (luna) eum (sc. solem) contra pleno bene lumine fulsit,

    Lucr. 5, 708:

    contra Volucris rostrum posita est Lyra,

    Vitr. 9, 4, 5; Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 9; 1, 8, 3; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 5, 10, 10, § 56.—So, tertium (latus Britanniae) est contra septem triones, opposite ( facing); hence, contra meridiem and contra ortus (instead of ad or adversus meridiem, etc.), facing the south and east, Plin. 6, 24, 24, § 85; 17, 2, 2, § 22. —So of a person standing in the sunlight:

    cum minima umbra (i. e. a sole) contra medium fiet hominem,

    Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 327; cf.:

    contra mediam faciem meridies erit,

    id. 18, 33, 76, § 326.—
    c.
    Of opposite ends of a line.
    (α).
    Of the diameter of the earth: esse e regione nobis e contraria parte terrae qui adversis vestigiis stent contra nostra vestigia, quos antipodas vocatis, Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123.—
    (β).
    Of a line drawn:

    contra autem E littera I erit ubi secat circinationem linea,

    opposite the point E will be the letter I, Vitr. 9, 7, 4.—
    d.
    Of buildings, etc.:

    contra hoc aviarium est aliud minus in quo quae mortuae sunt aves curator servare solet,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 5; Vitr. 5, 6, 3; 3, 5, 15:

    (statuam) quae fuerit contra Jovis Statoris aedem in vestibulo Superbi domus,

    Plin. 34, 6, 13, § 29:

    contra medium fere porticum diaeta paulum recedit,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 20; 2, 17, 5; Suet. Aug. 44.—
    e.
    Of places on the human body:

    id quod contra stomachum est,

    Cels. 4, 5 (4, 12 med.); 7, 7;

    4, 20 (13).—Of the direction of the intestines, etc.: ea... contra medium alvum orsa,

    Cels. 4, 1 fin.
    2.
    Of actions, opposite, towards, against, facing (syn.:

    adversus, ad, e regione,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 61).
    a.
    In gen.:

    quamvis subito... quamque Rem contra speculum ponas, apparet imago,

    Lucr. 4, 156: Democritus... clipeum constituit contra exortum Hyperionis, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4:

    et contra magnum potes hos (i.e. oculos) attollere solem, Nec tremis...?

    Prop. 1, 15, 37; Col. 7, 3, 8:

    rex constiterat contra pedites,

    Curt. 10, 9, 13; 9, 5, 1:

    ne contra septentrionem paveris,

    Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 330; 28, 6, 19, § 69:

    contra solem varie refulgens,

    placed in the sun, id. 37, 10, 63, § 173; 10, 54, 75, § 151; 37, 6, 22, § 83;

    37, 7, 25, § 95: cum terrestres volucres contra aquam clangores dabunt,

    id. 18, 35, 87, § 363; 19, 8, 39, § 131.—
    b.
    Dependent on verbs of motion (very rare without the idea of hostility):

    (Dinocrates) incessit contra tribunal regis jus dicentis,

    towards, Vitr. 2, praef. 1.—So trop., of actions done for a purpose:

    lege Cornelia de sicariis tenetur qui, cum in magistratu esset, eorum quid fecerit contra hominis necem quod legibus permissum non sit,

    Dig. 48, 8, 4.—
    c.
    Appositively, with the predicate: (elephanti) tanta narratur clementia contra minus validos, ut, etc., if fronting weaker animals, if brought in contact with them (not to be connected with clementia), Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23.—Similarly: dum... fidens non est contra feram, if fronting the animal (not dependent on fidens), Plin. 8, 16, 21, § 57.—
    d.
    Against an opposing action, etc.:

    contra vim atque impetum fluminis conversa,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 17, 5:

    cum plateae contra directos ventos erunt conformatae,

    Vitr. 1, 6, 8:

    ut contra ventum gregem pascamus,

    Col. 7, 3, 12; Sen. Q. N. 2, 31, 2; Plin. 29, 3, 12, § 52; 17, 2, 2, § 21; 8, 16, 21, § 54:

    contra fluminum impetus aggeribus,

    id. 35, 14, 48, § 169:

    capite in sole contra pilum peruncto,

    id. 27, 4, 5, § 17; 18, 35, 88, § 364; Varr. ap. Plin. 7, 20, 19, § 83; Sil. 14, 352; Dig. 9, 2, 29, § 4. [p. 455] — Trop.:

    contra fortunam tenendus est cursus,

    Sen. Prov. 5, 9.—Prov.:

    contra stimulum calces,

    kick against the pricks, Isid. Orig. 1, 36, 28 (al. calcitres); cf. Amm. 18, 5, 1.—
    e.
    Of local actions with hostile intent.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    quae vis Coclitem contra omnes hostium copias tenuit?

    Cic. Par. 1, 2, 12:

    Pompeium Cartejae receptum scribis: jam igitur contra hunc exercitum (sc. constitit),

    id. Att. 15, 20, 3:

    pertimescam, credo, ne mihi non liceat contra vos in contione consistere,

    to face you, id. Agr. 1, 8, 25; Lepidus ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 34, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 26:

    a fronte contra hostem pedum quindecim fossam fieri jussit,

    id. ib. 1, 41; 1, 42; id. B. G. 7, 62:

    Tullus adversus Veientem hostem derigit suos: Albanos contra legionem Fidenatium collocat,

    Liv. 1, 27, 5; 24, 41, 5; 38, 4, 5; Verg. A. 12, 279; Front. Strat. 2, 2, 13; 2, 3, 17.—Appositively, with a local verb understood:

    terribilis haec contra fugientes belua est, fugax contra insequentes,

    i. e. if fronting, if placed opposite, Plin. 8, 25, 38, § 92.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    castra sunt in Italia contra populum Romanum in Etruriae faucibus collocata,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5; id. Mil. 1, 2; Quint. 7, 7, 5:

    tum contra hanc Romam illa altera Roma quaeretur,

    will be as a rival against this Rome, Cic. Agr. 2, 22, 86:

    cui rationi contra homines barbaros atque imperitos locus fuisset, hac ne ipsum quidem sperare, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 40:

    (Cicero) plerumque contra inimicos atque obtrectatores plus vindicat sibi,

    when fronting adversaries, Quint. 11, 1, 23.—
    f.
    In partic.
    (α).
    Stare contra aliquem (opp. stare ab aliquo); usu. implying hostility; mostly trop., to stand against, to be arrayed against, to face, oppose:

    quod contra hoc exemplum nulla staret eorum ratio,

    Auct. Her. 4, 5, 7:

    contra populi studium,

    Cic. Brut. 34, 126:

    contra civium perditorum... dementiam a senatu et a bonorum causa,

    id. ib. 79, 273; so,

    a mendacio contra veritatem,

    id. Inv. 1, 3, 4:

    contra cives in acie,

    id. Att. 16, 11, 2:

    et adversi contra stetit ora juvenci,

    opposite, Verg. A. 5, 477; 5, 414:

    haec enim (ratio) sola... stat contra fortunam,

    Sen. Ep. 14, 4, 2: contra leonem etiam stetit, fronted, i. e. hunted, Spart. Carac. 5 fin.
    (β).
    Contra aliquem ire:

    aut saevos Libyae contra ire leones,

    Stat. Th. 9, 16.— Trop.:

    uti contra injurias armati eatis,

    Sall. J. 31, 6:

    interritus (sapiens) et contra illa (mala) ibit et inter illa,

    Sen. Ep. 59, 8; cf.: contra venire, II. B. 1. c. b infra, and v. also II. B. 2. b. and II. B. 1. b. infra.—
    3.
    Transf.,
    a.
    To persons placed together for comparison:

    C. vero Caesar, si foro tantum vacasset, non alius ex nostris contra Ciceronem nominaretur,

    Quint. 10, 1, 114:

    CORONATO CONTRA OMNES SCAENICOS,

    Inscr. Grut. p. 331, n. 4.—
    b.
    To things compared, as if weighed against each other as to their value, strength, etc.
    (α).
    Lit. (very rare):

    quamcunque vis rem expende, et contra aquam statue... Si gravior est, leviorem rem... feret, etc.,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—
    (β).
    Prop.:

    cujus (i. e. generis humani) causa videtur cuncta alia genuisse natura, magna saeva mercede contra tanta sua munera,

    Plin. 7, 1, 1, § 1:

    qui amicus esse coepit quia expedit, placebit ei aliquod pretium contra amicitiam,

    Sen. Ep. 9, 9:

    numquam ulli fortiores cives fuerunt quam qui ausi sunt eum contra tantas opes ejus... condemnare,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 2, 3:

    tantum studium bonorum in me exstitisse, contra incredibilem contentionem clarissimi et potentissimi viri,

    id. ib. 7, 2, 2; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9, 3:

    nomen prorogans nostrum et memoriam extendens contra brevitatem aevi,

    as a compensation for, Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 154.—So esp., valere contra, to weigh against, counterbalance, avail or prevail against: non vereor ne meae vitae modestia parum valitura sit contra falsos rumores, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8:

    (illa facta) pro periculo potius quam contra salutem valere debere,

    Cic. Part. Or. 35, 120; id. Off. 3, 29, 104:

    contrane lucrum nil valere Pauperis ingenium?

    Hor. Epod. 11, 11; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 1; id. Cons. Helv. 5, 5; so,

    robur habere contra: si contra unamquamlibet partem fortunae satis tibi roboris est,

    id. ib. 13, 2;

    so of counterchecks: in Creta decem qui cosmoe vocantur, ut contra consulare imperium tribuni plebis, sic illi contra vim regiam constituti,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 33, 58.—Of antidotes: cimicum natura contra serpentium morsus valere dicitur, item contra venena omnia, Plin. 29, 4, 17, § 61.—Hence,
    c.
    Colloq., aliquid contra aurum est, something is worth gold, is superb, both predicatively and attributively (cf.: auro contra, I. A. 2. supra): hujusce pomaria in summa Sacra Via ubi poma veneunt, contra aurum imago, a spectacle for gold, i. e. a magnificent sight, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 10 MSS. (al. aliter):

    numcubi hic vides citrum... num quod emblema aut lithostratum? quae illic omnia contra aurum,

    superb, id. ib. 3, 2, 4 MSS. (Schneid. omits aurum, ex conj.):

    oneravi vinum, et tunc erat contra aurum,

    Petr. 7, 6.—
    d.
    Transf., of replies, with aiebat, inquit, etc.; both in friendly and inimical sense; esp., contra ea, contra haec, = the adv. contra:

    contra ea Titurius sero facturos clamitabat, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 29:

    contra ea Verginius unum Ap. Claudium et legum expertem et, etc., aiebat,

    Liv. 3, 57, 1; 24, 45, 4:

    quae contra breviter fata est vates,

    Verg. A. 6, 398:

    contra quod disertus Tu impie fecisti inquit, etc.,

    Quint. 7, 1, 53 (cf.: contra ea, II. E. 1. infra).
    B.
    Denoting hostility or disadvantage.
    1.
    With verbs of hostile action.
    a.
    Of physical exertion:

    pugnavere et tertio consulatu ejus viginti (elephanti) contra pedites quingentos,

    Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 22:

    proelium Afri contra Aegyptios primi fecere fustibus,

    id. 7, 56, 57, § 200; 8, 40, 61, § 142. —
    b.
    Referring to warfare (usu. adversus), bellum gerere (rarely for cum or adversus; but contra patriam, contra aras, etc., not cum patria, etc.; cf.

    bellum, II. A. 1. e.): a quo prohibitos esse vos contra Caesarem gerere bellum (opp. pro),

    Cic. Lig. 8, 25; id. Phil. 5, 10, 27; Liv. Ep. 129.—With bellum suscipere:

    contra Antonium,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 5; so,

    contra patriam,

    id. Sull. 20, 58:

    pugnare contra patriam,

    id. ib. 25, 70:

    contra conjuges et liberos,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 15, 5:

    armatum esse contra populum Romanum,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32.—With arma ferre (freq.), Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 72; 13, 21, 47; Liv. 28, 28, 15; Nep. Att. 4, 2; Tib. 1, 6, 30; Ov. M. 4, 609; 13, 269; id. P. 1, 1, 26.—With arma sumere or capere, Cic. Rab. Perd. 6, 19; id. Phil. 4, 1, 2; 4, 3, 7:

    armis contendere contra,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 13:

    arma alicui dare (trop.),

    Cic. Phil. 2, 21, 53:

    aciem instruere (trop.),

    Liv. 25, 4, 4:

    exercitum comparare,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 14; 4, 1, 2:

    exercitum instruere,

    id. Cat. 2, 11, 24:

    exercitum ducere and adducere,

    id. Phil. 4, 2, 5; 3, 4, 11:

    exercitum contra Philippum mittere,

    id. Inv. 1, 12, 17:

    naves ducere contra,

    Hor. Epod. 4, 19:

    ducere contra hostes,

    Liv. 1, 27, 4:

    florem Italiae educere contra,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 24:

    proficisci contra,

    to march against, Liv. 1, 11, 3; 8, 2, 5:

    auxilium ferre Rutulis contra Latinos,

    Plin. 14, 12, 14, § 88:

    juvare aliquem contra,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 35:

    consilium inire contra Sequanos,

    to take hostile measures against, id. B. G. 6, 12.—
    c.
    Of legal contention (more freq. adversus, except with verbs of saying).
    (α).
    In gen., with agere or causam agere, to act as counsel against a party or his attorney:

    cum agerem contra hominem disertissimum nostrae civitatis,

    Cic. Caecin. 33, 97; id. Brut. 63, 226; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 3; Quint. 11, 1, 59.—Causam recipere or suscipere contra, to accept a retainer against:

    (causam) quam receperam contra pueros Octavios,

    Cic. Att. 13, 49, 1; Quint. 6, 1, 12; Plin. Ep. 4, 17, 1.—Adesse alicui contra, to appear, act as one's counsel against:

    rogavit me Caecilius ut adessem contra Satrium,

    Cic. Att. 1, 1, 3; Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 5 al.; cf.:

    esse contra,

    id. ib. 1, 18, 3.— Trop.: conquesturus venit;

    at contra se adfuit et satisfacienti satisfecit,

    Sen. Fragm. Amic. 14, 1, 89:

    causam defendere contra,

    against the accuser, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 178:

    statuere contra aliquem (sc. causam),

    to establish a case against an adversary, id. Or. 10, 34:

    actio competit contra,

    Dig. 49, 14, 41:

    querelam instituere contra,

    ib. 5, 2, 21, § 1:

    bonorum possessionem petere contra,

    ib. 5, 2, 23:

    jus obtinere contra,

    Cic. Quint. 9, 34:

    pugnare contra,

    to struggle against the accuser, id. Sull. 17, 49; id. Verr. 1, 11, 33:

    id quod mihi contra illos datum est,

    i. e. a local advantage over, id. Tull. 14, 33:

    judicare contra aliquem,

    id. Fl. 20, 48; Dig. 21, 2, 55; 5, 2, 14; Just. Inst. 4, 17, 2:

    pronuntiare contra,

    Paul. Sent. 5, 34, 2: dare sententiam contra, Dig. 21, 2, 56, § 1:

    decernere contra,

    Cic. Fl. 31, 76:

    appellare contra aliquem,

    Dig. 49, 1, 3; 49, 5, 6; cf.:

    contra sententiam,

    Cod. Just. 7, 62, 32, § 2.—Sentire contra aliquem, to have an opinion unfavorable to:

    cur vos (cum) aliquid contra me sentire dicatis, etc.,

    Cic. Caecin. 27, 79.—
    (β).
    Venire contra aliquem, to appear as counsel for one's adversary:

    quid tu, Saturi, qui contra hunc venis, existimas aliter?

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 6, 18; id. Mur. 4, 9; id. Phil. 8, 6, 18.—Venire contra rem alicujus, to give advice damaging one's interests:

    contra rem suam me venisse questus est,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 2, 3.—
    (γ).
    With dicere and other verbs of saying. (aa) Of a lawyer pleading against a lawyer:

    ipse ille Mucius, quid in illa causa cum contra te diceret, attulit quod? etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 244:

    cum ille contra me pro Sex. Naevio diceret,

    id. Brut. 60, 2, 7; id. de Or. 2, 7, 30; id. Rosc. Am. 15, 45; id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 44; id. Planc. 2, 5; id. Brut. 26, 102; so,

    causam dicere,

    id. Or. 2, 23, 98:

    causam perorare,

    id. Quint. 24, 77.—(bb) Of a lawyer's pleading against the parties: dic mihi, M. Pinari, num si contra te dixero mihi male dicturus es? Servil. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 65, 261; 3, 34, 138; 1, 14, 60; id. Or. 35, 123; Quint. 11, 1, 57; cf. with ellipsis of acc.:

    quorum alter pro Aufldia, contra dixit alter,

    id. 10, 1, 22.—(ng) Of a party against a lawyer:

    si Gaditani contra me dicerent,

    if the Gaditani were my adversaries, Cic. Balb. 17, 38.—(dd) Of witnesses and experts, and the pleadings against them:

    si decressent legationem quae contra istum diceret,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 12: contra testes dicere (opp. a testibus or pro testibus). Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118 (cf.:

    testimonium in aliquem dicere,

    id. Sull. 17, 48; Quint. 7, 4, 36):

    contra juris consultos dicere,

    against their legal opinions, Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—So of witnesses in scientific questions:

    contra testes dicendum est,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 1.—(ee) Dicere or contendere aliquid contra aliquem, to maintain a point against:

    cum interrogamus adversarios... quid contra nos dici possit,

    Auct. Her. 4, 23, 33:

    tamenne vereris ut possis hoc contra Hortensium contendere?

    Cic. Quint. 25, 78. —
    d.
    Of literary adversaries, mostly with verbs of saying and writing:

    cum scriberem contra Epicurios,

    Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1:

    contra Epicurum satis superque dictum est,

    id. N. D. 2, 1, 2:

    contra Brutum,

    id. Tusc. 5, 8, 21:

    contra Academiam,

    id. Ac. 2, 19, 63; id. Fin. 1, 1, 2; 5, 8, 22; id. Tusc. 5, 11, 32; 5, 30, 84; id. Ac. 2, 4, 17:

    contra autem omnia disputatur a nostris,

    id. Off. 2, 2, 8.—
    e.
    Of public and political adversaries (syn. adversus and in).
    (α).
    In gen.:

    sentire contra,

    Cic. Mil. 2, 5:

    pugnare contra bonos,

    id. Sull. 25, 71:

    contra eos summa ope nitebatur nobilitas,

    Sall. C. 38, 2; Cic. Sest. 19, 42; 52, 112:

    (tribuni) qui aut contra consulem, aut pro studio ejus pugnabant,

    Liv. 39, 32, 12.—
    (β).
    Of political speaking:

    cum (Cato) eo ipso anno contra Serv. Galbam ad populum summa contentione dixisset,

    Cic. Brut. 20, 80; so id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 53; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 9, 1.—
    f.
    Of hostile or criminal acts in gen. (syn.:

    adversus, in): inire consilia contra,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 110; id. Cat. 1, 7, 18:

    manum comparare contra aliquem,

    id. Sull. 24, 68:

    conjurationem facere,

    id. ib. 4, 12:

    congredi,

    id. Lig. 3, 9; Sall. J. 64, 4:

    aliquid contra imperatorem moliri,

    Just. Inst. 4, 18, 3:

    nec dolor armasset contra sua viscera matrem,

    against her own offspring Ov. R. Am. 59.—Facere contra (more freq. with abstr. objects; cf. II. C. 1. f. b infra): nunc te contra Caesarem facere summae stultitiae est, to take parts against, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 16, 2:

    eae (res) contra nos ambae faciunt,

    operate against us, id. Quint. 1, 1.—With verbs of saying, etc.:

    homo disertus non intellegit, eum quem contra dicit laudari a se?

    Cic. Phil. 2, 8, 18; 2, 1, 2; 2, 21, 51; Sen. Ep. 15, 3, 70:

    epigramma quod contra quamdam Gelliam scripsit,

    Lampr. Alex. Sev. 38:

    disputare contra deos, in two signif.: contra deum licet disputare liberius,

    to accuse, reproach a god, Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76; but: mala et impia consuetudo est contra deos disputandi, to reason against the gods, i. e. against their existence, id. ib. 2, 67, 168.—
    2.
    Predicatively, with esse (videri, etc.), against, injurious to, unfavorable, prejudicial, to one's disadvantage: ut [p. 456] ex senatusconsulto neque cujus intersit, neque contra quem sit intellegi possit, Cic. Mur. 32, 68; id. de Or. 3, 20, 75; 2, 74, 299; 2, 81, 330; id. Sull. 13, 39; Sen. Ben. 6, 31, 6:

    licentiam malis dare certe contra bonos est,

    injurious to, Quint. 4, 2, 75:

    res contra nos est, of unfavorable chances in a lawsuit,

    id. 4, 66, 1; 4, 2, 75; 5, 13, 32.—Often, contra aliquem = quod est contra aliquem, referring to indef. pronouns or adjectives:

    nihil contra me fecit odio mei = nihil quod esset contra me,

    Cic. Har. Resp. 3, 5; id. Off. 3, 31, 112:

    quibus (temporibus) aliquid contra Caesarem Pompeio suaserim,

    id. Phil. 2, 10, 24.—
    3.
    Added adverb. to the predicate, mostly referring to purpose, with hostile intent, for the purpose of some hostile act, in order to oppose, in opposition:

    Caesarine eam (provinciam) tradituri fuistis, an contra Caesarem retenturi?

    or keep it against Caesar, Cic. Lig. 7, 23:

    sero enim resistimus ei quem per annos decem aluimus contra nos,

    id. Att. 7, 5, 5:

    judicium illud pecunia esse temptatum non pro Cluentio, sed contra Cluentium,

    id. Clu. 4, 9; id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 52; id. Ac. 2, 28, 92:

    cum quae facitis ejusmodi sint ut ea contra vosmet ipsos facere videamini,

    id. Rosc. Am. 36, 104; Sen. Ep. 3, 7, 3: Curio se contra eum totum parat, i. e. to speak against him, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 10; Caes. B. C. 1, 85 ter; Sen. Q. N. 1, 7, 1; Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192; Plin. Pan. 41.—So with the force of a temporal clause:

    fidem meam quam essent contra Massam Baebium experti,

    in the suit against, Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 4.—
    4.
    Dependent on adjectives (rare):

    contra se ipse misericors,

    to his own injury, Phaedr. 4, 18, 3:

    severissimus judex contra fures,

    Lampr. Alex. Sev. 28.—
    5.
    With nouns.
    a.
    Acc. to 1. b.:

    ut quam maximae contra Hannibalem copiae sint,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17; cf. Vell. 2, 76, 3.—
    b.
    Acc. to 1. c. and 1. e.; so esp., oratio contra (cf.: oratio in).
    (α).
    Oratio contra (never in), of an address against the counsel of a party or against the prosecutor:

    quid in omni oratione Crassus vel apud centumviros contra Scaevolam, vel contra accusatorem Brutum, cum pro Cn. Plancio diceret?

    Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 220; cf.:

    Cato pro se contra Cassium = in oratione contra,

    Gell. 10, 15, 3; so,

    haec perpetua defensio contra Scaevolam,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 221:

    orationem illam egregiam quam (Aeschines) in Ctesiphontem contra Demosthenem dixerat,

    id. ib. 3, 56, 213.—
    (β).
    Of an address against the party, either in judicial or political affairs:

    unam orationem contra Gracchum reliquit,

    Cic. Brut. 26, 99:

    (Demosthenis) oratio contra Leptinem... contra Aeschinem falsae legationis,

    id. Or. 31, 111; Gell. 10, 24, 10; 10, 18, 91; Cic. Brut. 46, 169; Quint. 12, 10, 61; Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 45; id. Brut. 44, 164; Gell. 13, 25 (24), 15; cf. Quint. 4, 3, 13; 11, 2, 25.—
    c.
    Acc. to 1. f.:

    contra patres concitatio et seditio,

    Cic. Brut. 14, 56.—Of animals:

    contra volpium genus communibus inimicitiis,

    Plin. 10, 76, 96, § 207.
    C.
    With inanimate and abstract objects.
    1.
    Directly dependent on verbs (cf. B. 1.).
    a.
    Of physical or moral exertion:

    cum fulmina contra Tot paribus streperet clipeis,

    Verg. A. 10, 567:

    pugnandum tamquam contra morbum, sic contra senectutem,

    Cic. Sen. 11, 35:

    contra verum niti,

    Sall. J. 35, 8:

    contra fortunam luctari,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 15, 2; id. Brev. Vit. 10, 1; id. Ep. 78, 15; 99, 32; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 31, 110.—
    b.
    Of warfare (lit. and trop.):

    bellum contra aras, focos, vitam fortunasque gerere,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:

    bellum gerimus... contra arma verbis,

    id. Fam. 12, 22, 1.—So of logical contradictions:

    artificis autem est invenire in actione adversarii quae semet ipsa pugnent,

    Quint. 5, 13, 30.—
    c.
    Of legal contention.
    (α).
    Of the actions of the counsel or prosecutor: dicere, or perorare, agere contra aliquid, to plead against, contest something:

    contra argumenta, rumores, tabulas, quaestiones (opp. ab argumentis, etc.),

    Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9 sqq.; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118:

    contra ratiocinationem,

    id. Inv. 2, 50, 153: contra scriptum dicere, to contest, controvert a written law or a document, id. ib. 2, 47, 138; 2, 48, 143; id. Brut. 39, 145; Quint. 7, 7, 1:

    contra caput dicere,

    to plead against life, Cic. Quint. 13, 44 (cf.:

    servum in caput domini interrogare,

    Paul. Sent. 1, 1, 34; 5, 16, 5 and 8; 5, 46, 3): contra libertatem agere, Dig. 40, 12, 26.—Pregn.:

    contra rerum naturam, contraque consuetudinem hominum dicere (opp. contra nos dicere),

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 45.—
    (β).
    Of judicial decisions contradicting documents, etc.:

    contra tabulas judicare,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 281:

    contra testamentum,

    Dig. 2, 17, § 1:

    contra sententiam dicere,

    ib. 49, 8, 1, § 2.—
    (γ).
    Admittere aliquem contra bona, to admit a petition for bonorum possessio (cf.:

    inmittere in bona),

    Dig. 38, 2, 3, § 6.—
    d.
    Of antagonism in literary and ethical questions.
    (α).
    To contend that something is false:

    dicere, disputare, disserere contra opinionem or sententiam,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; 5, 19, 55; id. de Or. 3, 18, 67; id. Fin. 5, 4, 10; id. Ac. 2, 18, 60; Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 3; id. Ep. 87, 5; 102, 5 (cf.:

    in sententiam dicere,

    in support of an opinion, Caes. B. G. 1, 45):

    contra sensus dicere,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 101:

    contra rhetoricen dicere,

    Quint. 2, 17, 40.—
    (β).
    Of criticism, hostility to principles, etc.:

    contra Iliadem et Odysseam scribere,

    Vitr. 7, praef. 8:

    contra quorum disciplinam ingenium ejus exarserat,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 29, 83.—
    (γ).
    Ethically:

    contra voluptatem dicere,

    that pleasure is a moral evil, Cic. Fin. 5, 8, 21:

    contra mortem loqui,

    that death is no evil, Sen. Ep. 82, 7;

    in both senses: contra vitia, pericula, fortunam, ambitionem,

    id. ib. 100, 10:

    contra fortunam gloriari,

    that fortune has no power over him, Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 26; Sen. Ep. 26, 5.—
    e.
    Of public and political acts and speeches:

    contra potentiam accusatorum dicere,

    Cic. Brut. 44, 164:

    contra legem dicere or verba facere,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 15, 53; Liv. 34, 8, 1:

    rogationem ferre contra coloniam ( = contra legem de colonia deducenda),

    Cic. Clu. 51, 140; Auct. Her. 1, 17, 21; Plin. 8, 17, 24, § 64.—
    f.
    Of hostility, injury, wrongs, etc.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    senatusconsulto quod contra dignitatem tuam fieret,

    directed against, Cic. Fam. 12, 29, 2:

    contra rem publicam se commovere,

    id. Cat. 1, 26; 1, 3, 7:

    incitari,

    id. Sest. 47, 100:

    consilia inire,

    id. Agr. 2, 3, 8:

    conjurationem facere,

    Sall. C. 30, 6:

    contra salutem urbis incitari,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20:

    cogitare aliquid contra salutem,

    id. ib. 3, 9, 21: contra voluntatem or studium dicere, to oppose one's will in a speech:

    esse aliquem in civitate qui contra ejus (Chrysogoni) voluntatem dicere auderet,

    id. Rosc. Am. 22, 60; id. Phil. 1, 11, 28; id. de Or. 3, 34, 138; id. Mur. 4, 10; Tac. H. 2, 91:

    ne quid contra aequitatem contendas, ne quid pro injuria,

    do not array yourself against equity, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71.— Trop.:

    quis non contra Marii arma, contra Suliae proscriptionem irascitur? ( = Mario propter arma, Sullae propter proscriptionem),

    Sen. Ira, 2, 2, 3.—
    (β).
    In partic.: facere contra aliquid (syn. adversus), to commit an offence against, to transgress, etc.:

    si quis ad Antonium profectus esset... senatus existimaturum eum contra rem publicam fecisse,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 11, 33; id. Mil. 5, 13; 6, 14; id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 3, 25, 95; S. C. ap. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 6; Liv. 25, 4, 7; so,

    contra salutem rei publicae facere,

    Cic. Dom. 38, 102:

    contra majestatem,

    against the emperor, Dig. 48, 4, 5:

    contra leges,

    Cic. Dom. 18, 48; id. Vatin. 7, 18; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Mur. 32, 67; id. de Or. 3, 19, 70; cf. id. Clu. 34, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; id. Dom. 14, 38; id. Phil. 10, 6, 13; Gai Inst. 4, 121:

    contra edictum (praetoris),

    Cic. Verr 2, 3, 10, § 25; Dig. 39, 1, 20, § 1:

    contra foedus,

    Cic. Balb. 6, 16:

    contra jusjurandum ac fidem,

    id. Off. 3, 10, 43; id. Lael. 3, 30, 74; id. Verr. 2, 3, 3, § 7; Prop. 3, 30, 44 (2, 32, 44).—And ironically:

    tune contra Caesaris nutum (sc. facies)?

    Cic. Att. 14, 10, 1.—Rarely contra ea facere = contra facere, adverb. (cf. I. B. 8. and II. E. 1. b.):

    corpus in civitatem inferri non licet... et qui contra ea fecerit, extra ordinem punitur,

    Paul. Sent. 1, 21, 2; 1, 21, 12.—
    2.
    Predicatively with esse (usu. impers.), in violation of, in conflict with, contrary to (cf. 3. g).
    (α).
    With esse expressed as the predicate:

    hominem hominis incommodo suum augere commodum magis est contra naturam quam mors,

    Cic. Off. 3, 5, 21; id. Fin. 3, 9, 31; id. N. D. 3, 13, 33; Sen. Ep. 5, 4; Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 45:

    contra leges or legem est,

    Cic. Pis. 13, 30; id. Mur. 32, 67:

    contra officium est,

    id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 1, 10, 32; 1, 6, 19; cf. id. Lael. 11, 39; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Liv. 6, 40, 5; Sen. Q. N. 2, 37, 2; Gai Inst. 3, 157; Dig. 30, 1, 112, § 3; 16, 3, 1, § 7.—With ellipsis of object (naturam), Cic. Fin. 5, 29, 89; cf.:

    adeo res ista non habet ullam moram quae contra causas ignium sit,

    unfavorable to the formation of fire, Sen. Q. N. 2, 26, 7.—
    (β).
    With verbal predicate, referring to an indef. pron. or adj., with esse understood:

    scis hunc... nihil umquam contra rem tuam cogitasse ( = nihil quod contra rem tuam esset),

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 147; id. Mil. 5, 13:

    aliquid contra animum audiendi,

    something against our liking, Sen. Const. 19, 2.—So mostly with facere:

    si quid Socrates aut Aristippus contra morem consuetudinemque fecerint,

    Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148; id. Att. 3, 23, 2; 2, 22, 2; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Sall. C. 15, 1; Dig. 8, 2, 11; 8, 2, 17; 35, 1, 79, § 2. —
    (γ).
    Contra officium, substantively, = id quod contra officium est:

    Sic inter recte factum atque peccatum, officium et contra officium, media locabat quaedam,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 37.—
    3.
    Adverbially with the predicate.
    (α).
    In order to oppose, in opposition to, with hostile intent (cf. B. 3.):

    eidem illam proscriptionem capitis mei contra salutem rei publicae rogatam esse dicebant,

    that the proposal of the law was an attack on the republic, Cic. Prov. Cons. 19, 45; id. Rab. Perd. 12, 35; id. Phil. 10, 10, 22:

    imperator contra postulata Bocchi nuntios mittit,

    to reply to the demands, Sall. J. 83, 3; 25, 6; so,

    advocare contra,

    Sen. Cons. Polyb. 12, 4; id. Ep. 15, 2, 52:

    si contra mortem te praeparaveris,

    to meet death, id. ib. 11, 3, 8.—
    (β).
    With the force of a clause of manner, injuriously to, etc.:

    quibus contra valetudinis commodum laborandum est,

    Cic. Mur. 23, 47; Suet. Aug. 78:

    contra hominis salutem,

    with danger to a man's life, Cod. Just. 7, 62, 29.—
    (γ).
    In gen., of conflict with some rule or principle, contrary to, in violation of, without regard to ( = ita ut contra sit; cf. 2. supra; very freq. from the class. period;

    syn. adversus): ceperitne pecunias contra leges P. Decius,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 31, 136; id. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 10; id. Fl. 34, 86:

    pecuniam contra leges auferre,

    id. Verr. 1, 18, 56; 2, 1, 10, § 27; 2, 5, 18, § 46; id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:

    contra legem,

    id. Rab. Perd. 3, 8; id. Dom. 16, 41:

    contra jus fasque,

    id. Har. Resp. 16, 34; id. Quint. 6, 28:

    contra jus,

    Liv. 5, 4, 14; id. Dom. 13, 55; id. Verr. 2, 5, 13, § 34:

    contra jus gentium,

    Liv. 4, 32, 5; 9, 10, 10; 21, 25, 7; 5, 36, 6;

    6, 1, 6: contra juris rigorem,

    Dig. 40, 5, 24, § 10 et saep.:

    contra testimonium aliquid judicare,

    without regard to, Cic. Brut. 31, 117:

    aliquid contra verecundiam disputare,

    contrary to the rules of decency, id. Off. 1, 35, 128:

    aliquid contra fidem constituere,

    Quint. 5, 13, 34:

    quae majores nostri contra lubidinem animi sui recte atque ordine fecere,

    contrary to the dictates of passion, Sall. C. 51, 4; id. J. 33, 1; cf. of logical opposition, II. E. 2. infra.—
    4.
    Dependent on substt.
    a.
    Of physical strife:

    scit ille imparem sibi luctatum contra nexus (draconis),

    Plin. 8, 12, 12, § 33. —
    b.
    Of warfare:

    imperatorum copia contra tuum furorem,

    Cic. Mur. 39, 83:

    Parthorum gloria contra nomen Romanum,

    Liv. 9, 18, 6: in castris perditorum contra patriam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 6.—
    c.
    Of legal contention:

    causa contra scriptum,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 46, 135.—
    d.
    Of political speaking:

    divina M. Tullii eloquentia contra leges agrarias,

    Quint. 2, 16, 7; 9, 3, 50; Gell. 18, 7, 7.—
    e.
    Of literary opposition:

    Caesaris vituperatio contra laudationem meam,

    Cic. Att. 12, 40, 1.—
    f.
    Of hostility, etc.:

    cujus factum, inceptum, conatumve contra patriam,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:

    ullum factum dictumve nostrum contra utilitatem vestram,

    Liv. 6, 40, 5.—
    g.
    Of injury:

    vitae cupiditas contra rem publicam,

    Cic. Planc. 37, 90: contra serpentes venenum, fatal to serpents, or as a defence against serpents, Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 15.—
    h.
    Of violation, disregard, etc. (cf. 3. g):

    iter contra senatus auctoritatem,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 48:

    contra consuetudinem somnium,

    Plin. 10, 77, 98, § 211:

    bonorum possessio contra tabulas,

    Dig. 37, 4, 3, § 13; Gai Inst. 3, 41.—
    5.
    Dependent on adjectives (very rare; cf.

    II. D. 2. c. infra): contraque patris impii regnum impotens, avum resolvam,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 966.
    D.
    Of defence, protection, and resistance (syn.: adversus, ab).
    1.
    Against persons.
    a.
    Dependent on verbs:

    cum populus Romanus suam auctoritatem vel contra omnes qui dissentiunt possit defendere,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 63: si ego consul rem publicam [p. 457] contra te et gregales tuos defendissem, id. Sest. 52, 111; 22, 49; 8, 20; id. Fam. 11, 27, 7; id. Phil. 2, 18, 45:

    contra quem multum omnes boni providerunt,

    provided a great defence, id. Mur. 38, 81: formula qua utitur patronus contra libertum qui eum in jus vocat, as a defence against, Gai Inst. 4, 46. —And of protection of plants against injurious animals:

    contra haec animalia proderit, si, etc.,

    Pall. 10, 3, 2.—
    b.
    Dependent on adjectives, mostly participial:

    paratus contra,

    Cic. Mil. 21, 56:

    nihil satis firmum contra Metellum,

    Sall. J. 80, 1:

    contra potentes nemo est munitus satis,

    Phaedr. 2, 6, 1.—
    2.
    Against inanimate and abstract things.
    a.
    Dependent on verbs:

    contra avium morsus munitur vallo aristarum,

    Cic. Sen. 15, 51:

    propugnaculum, quo contra omnes meos impetus usurum se putat,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 16, § 40; 2, 5, 39, § 102:

    publicam causam contra vim armatam suscipere,

    id. Dom. 34, 91; id. Quint. 30, 94; id. Leg. 3, 3, 9:

    contra tantas difficultates providere,

    Sall. J. 90, 1; 76, 4; so,

    contra ea,

    id. ib. 57, 5:

    patricii vi contra vim resistunt,

    Liv. 3, 13, 4; Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 28; Tac. Agr. 45; Sen. Prov. 4, 12; id. Const. 5, 4.—
    b.
    Dependent on substt.:

    suffragia contra oppugnationem vestrae majestatis,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 12, 35:

    defensio contra vim,

    id. Mil. 5, 14:

    patronus justitiae fuit contra orationem Phili,

    id. Lael. 7, 25; Plin. 29, 2, 9, § 30; 14, 3, 4, § 40:

    contra labores patientia,

    id. 23, 1, 22, § 37.—
    c.
    Dependent on adjectives (in Cic. freq. with P. a. predicatively used; otherwise very rare;

    in later prose freq.): nec est quidquam Cilicia contra Syriam munitius,

    against an attack from the side of Syria, Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 4:

    ut nullius res tuta, nullius domus clausa, nullius vita saepta, nullius pudicitia munita contra tuam cupiditatem posset esse,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 15, § 39; id. Fin. 1, 16, 51; id. Mil. 25, 67; id. Tusc. 5, 8, 19; 5, 27, 76:

    vir contra audaciam firmissimus,

    id. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; Sall. J. 33, 2; 28, 5:

    fortis contra dolorem,

    Sen. Ep. 98, 18; Quint. 12, 1, 10:

    callosus,

    Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 147; 14, 2, 4, § 23:

    far contra hiemes firmissimum,

    id. 18, 8, 19, § 83:

    equus tenax contra vincula,

    Ov. Am. 3, 4, 13:

    contraque minantia fata pervigil,

    Claud. I. Cons. Stil. 1, 284.—
    3.
    Of remedies against sickness and its causes, poison, etc.; so only in Plin.; in Pall. only of preventives and of protection against hurtful animals, and against mental perturbations in gen.; cf. infra (syn. ad in Cat., Cic., Cels., Col.; adversus only in Celsus, who also has in with abl.).
    (α).
    Dependent on verbs:

    cujus et vinum et uva contra serpentium ictus medetur,

    Plin. 14, 18, 22, § 117; 7, 2, 2, § 13:

    prodest et contra suspiria et tussim,

    id. 20, 13, 50, § 128:

    valet potum contra venena,

    id. 28, 7, 21, § 74; 29, 4, 22, § 71; 29, 4, 26, § 81; 28, 8, 27, § 98; 16, 37, 71, § 180; 35, 6, 14, § 34; 28, 6, 18, §§ 65-67.—
    (β).
    Dependent on substt.:

    remedium contra morsus,

    Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 118; 10, 59, 79, § 163:

    contra venena esse omnia remedio,

    id. 16, 44, 95, § 251; 17, 24, 37, § 240; 7, 1, 1, § 4.—
    (γ).
    Dependent on adjectives:

    vinum quod salutare contra pestilentiam sit,

    Pall. 11, 14, 17.—
    (δ).
    Appositively, as a remedy:

    cujus lacteum succum miris laudibus celebrat... contra serpentes et venena,

    Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 16; 29, 4, 26, § 83. —So of remedies against affections:

    Tiberium tonante caelo coronari ea (lauro) solitum ferunt contra fulminum metus,

    Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 135; cf. Sen. Ira, 2, 21, 1; id. Tranq. 5. 1.
    E.
    Of logical opposition.
    1.
    With a neuter demonstrative (contra ea, contra haec, contra quae, quod contra = contra, adv.).
    a.
    The contrary, the reverse (very rare; cf.

    I. D. 1.): sed mihi contra ea videtur,

    but to me the contrary seems true, Sall. J. 85, 1:

    omnia quae contra haec sunt, omnia quae contra sunt,

    and vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 90. —
    b.
    Contra ea, on the contrary, in logical antithesis (not in Cic. and Sall.; once in Caes. and Quint.; several times in Liv. and Nep.; cf.: contra ea, in other uses, II. A. 2. e. a, II. D. 2. a., II. A. 3. d., II. C. 1. f.):

    omnes arderent cupiditate pugnandi... contra ea Caesar... spatiumque interponendum... putabat ( = at contra),

    but Caesar on the contrary, Caes. B. C. 3, 74: superbe ab Samnitibus... legati prohibiti commercio sunt;

    contra ea benigne ab Siculorum tyrannis adjuti,

    Liv. 4, 52, 6; 2, 60, 1; 21, 20, 6;

    44, 43, 5: pater... Thracem me genuit, contra ea mater Atheniensem,

    Nep. Iphicr. 3, 4; id. praef. 6; id. Alcib. 8, 1.—And after a question, with immo (cf. I. E. 5. b.):

    an infirmissimi omnium... (sumus)? Immo contra ea vel viribus nostris, vel, etc., tuti (sumus),

    Liv. 41, 24, 8.—
    c.
    Quod contra, by anastrophe (v. F. 1.), contrary to which, whereas, while on the contrary (only once in Lucr. and three times in Cic.):

    illud in his rebus vereor ne forte rearis, Inpia te rationis inire elementa viamque indugredi sceleris: quod contra saepius illa Religio peperit scelerosa atque impia facta,

    whereas on the contrary, Lucr. 1, 81:

    cujus a me corpus crematum est, quod contra decuit ab illo meum (sc. cremari),

    Cic. Sen. 23, 84:

    quod contra oportebat delicto dolere, correctione gaudere,

    id. Lael. 24, 90 (B. and K. place a comma after oportebat; cf.

    Nauck ad loc.): reliquum est ut eum nemo judicio defenderit: quod contra copiosissime defensum esse contendi,

    id. Quint. 28, 87 (many consider contra in all these passages as an adverb; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 121 sq.; some explain quod as an ancient ablative, = qua re;

    v. Ritschl,

    Plaut. Exc. p. 57, Munro ad Lucr. 1, 82).—
    2.
    With an abstract noun, with the force of the adverb contra with ac or atque (I. F. 1.), contrary to, contrary to what, etc. (esp. in Sall., not in Cic.; cf. praeter): celeriter contraque omnium opinionem confecto itinere, contrary to the opinion ( = contra ac rati erant), Caes. B. G. 6, 30:

    contra opinionem Jugurthae ad Thalam perveniunt,

    Sall. J. 75, 9; Hirt. B. G. 8, 40.—Contra spem either contrary to the opinion, or against the hope:

    Metellus contra spem suam laetissume excipitur ( = contra ac ratus, veritus est),

    Sall. J. 88, 1; so,

    cetera contra spem salva invenit,

    Liv. 9, 23, 17:

    contra spem omnium L. Furium optavit,

    id. 6, 25, 5; Curt. 8, 4, 45;

    but: at Jugurtha contra spem nuntio accepto ( = contra ac speraverat),

    Sall. J. 28, 1; Liv. 24, 45, 3:

    postquam... Jugurtha contra timorem animi praemia sceleris adeptum sese videt,

    Sall. J. 20, 1:

    ipse in Numidiam procedit, ubi contra belli faciem tuguria plena hominumque... erant ( = contra ac in bello evenire solet),

    id. ib. 46, 5:

    contra famam,

    Plin. 13, 22, 43, § 126; 7, 53, 54, § 180:

    segniterque et contra industriam absconditae formicae,

    slowly, and in a manner different from their usual activity, id. 18, 35, 88, § 364.—Of persons:

    frigidam potionem esse debere, contra priores auctores, Asclepiades confirmavit,

    contrary to the opinion of the former physicians, Cels. 4, 26 (19).
    F.
    Sometimes by anastrophe after its noun.
    1.
    In prose, after relatives, esp. in Cic.:

    quos contra disputant,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 15, 47:

    quem contra dicit,

    id. Phil. 2, 8, 18 (v. II. B. 1. f.):

    quem contra veneris,

    id. Mur. 4, 9:

    quas contra, praeter te, etc.,

    id. Vatin. 7, 18:

    eos ipsos quos contra statuas,

    id. Or. 10, 34:

    quos contra me senatus armavit,

    id. Att. 10, 8, 8:

    quam contra multa locutus est,

    Sen. Ep. 82, 7, Plin. Ep. 1, 23, 3; Claud. in Rufin. 1, 332; v. also E. 1. c. supra.—
    2.
    After other words ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    hunc igitur contra mittam contendere causam,

    Lucr. 4, 471:

    dicere eos contra,

    id. 4, 484:

    donique eum contra,

    id. 5, 708:

    agmina contra,

    Verg. A. 12, 279:

    magnum Alciden contra,

    id. ib. 5, 414:

    Paridem contra,

    id. ib. 5, 370:

    Italiam contra,

    id. ib. 1, 13:

    deos contra,

    Ov. P. 1, 1, 26:

    Messania moenia contra,

    id. M. 14, 17:

    litora Calabriae contra,

    Tac. A. 3, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > contra dicta

  • 53 credo

    crēdo, dĭdi, dĭtum, 3 ( pres. subj. creduam, Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 2:

    creduas,

    id. Bacch. 3, 3, 72; id. Trin. 3, 1, 5:

    creduat,

    id. Bacch. 3, 4, 5; 4, 7, 6:

    creduis,

    id. Am. 2, 2, 49; id. Capt. 3, 4, 73:

    creduit,

    id. Truc. 2, 2, 52; inf. credier, id. Poen. 2, 43;

    crevi for credidi,

    id. Cist. 1, 1, 1), v. a. [Sanscr. crat, crad, trust, and dha-; v. 2. do].
    I.
    Orig. belonging to the lang. of business, to give as a loan, to loan, lend, make or loan to any one: (vilicus) injussu domini credat nemini;

    quod dominus crediderit, exigat,

    Cato, R. R. 5, 4:

    quibus credas male,

    Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 20; cf.

    populis,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 2, 4:

    alicui grandem pecuniam,

    id. ib. 2, 4; so,

    pecunias ei,

    id. Fam. 1, 7, 6; and:

    pecuniae creditae,

    id. Prov. Cons. 4, 7:

    centum talenta,

    Quint. 5, 10, 111:

    solutio rerum creditarum,

    Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84 et saep.—Hence,
    B.
    crēdĭtum, i, n., a loan, Sall. C. 25, 4; Liv. 6, 15, 5; 6, 27, 3; 8, 28, 3; Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 1; Quint. 5, 10, 105; 5, 10, 117; Dig. 12, 1, 19 sq. et saep.—
    II.
    Transf. beyond the circle of business (very freq. in every period and species of composition).
    A.
    With the prevailing idea of intended protection, to commit or consign something to one for preservation, protection, etc., to intrust to one, = committo, commendo (cf. concredo):

    ubi is obiit mortem, qui mihi id aurum credidit,

    Plaut. Aul. prol. 15 (credere est servandum commendare, Non. p. 275, 9); so,

    nummum,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 112 (for which id. ib. 4, 2, 115, concredere):

    alicujus fidei potestatique (with committere),

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 9, § 27; cf. id. ib. 1, 1, 4, § 14: vitam ac fortunas meas, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 275, 8; cf. Ter. And. 1, 5, 37:

    militi arma,

    Liv. 2, 45, 10:

    se suaque omnia alienissimis,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 31:

    se ponto,

    Ov. M. 14, 222:

    se perfidis hostibus,

    Hor. C. 3, 5, 33:

    se ventis,

    Quint. 12, prooem. §

    2: pennis se caelo,

    Verg. A. 6, 15; cf. Ov. M. 2, 378:

    se pugnae,

    Verg. A. 5, 383 et saep.:

    crede audacter quid lubet,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 118:

    facinus magnum timido pectori,

    id. Ps. 2, 1, 3:

    illi consilia omnia,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 18:

    arcanos sensus tibi,

    Verg. A. 4, 422; cf.:

    arcana libris,

    Hor. S. 2, 1, 31:

    aliquid cerae,

    Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 67.— Poet., with in and acc.:

    inque novos soles audent se germina tuto Credere,

    Verg. G. 2, 333.—
    B.
    With the prevailing idea of bestowing confidence, to trust to or confide in a person or thing, to have confidence in, to trust.
    1.
    With dat.:

    virtuti suorum satis credere,

    Sall. J. 106, 3; cf. id. ib. 72, 2:

    praesenti fortunae,

    Liv. 45, 8, 6:

    consules magis non confidere quam non credere suis militibus,

    rather mistrusted their intentions than their valor, id. 2, 45, 4:

    nec jam amplius hastae,

    Verg. A. 11, 808:

    ne nimium colori,

    id. E. 2, 17:

    bibulis talaribus,

    Ov. M. 4, 731.—Freq. in eccl. Lat.:

    Moysi et mihi,

    Vulg. Johan. 5, 46:

    verbis meis,

    id. Luc. 1, 20.—
    2.
    Esp., with in and acc. of pers., to believe in, trust in (eccl. Lat.):

    hoc est ergo credere in Deum, credendo adhaerere ad bene coöperandum bona operanti Deo,

    Aug. Enarr. in Psa. 77, 8:

    qui fidem habet sine spe ac dilectione, Christum esse credit, non in Christum credit,

    id. Serm. 144, 2:

    qui credit in Filium habet vitam aeternam,

    Vulg. Johan. 3, 36 et saep.—
    C.
    To trust one in his declarations, assertions, etc., i. e. to give him credence, to believe:

    injurato, scio, plus credet mihi, quam jurato tibi,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 284 sq.:

    vin' me istuc tibi, etsi incredibile'st, credere?

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 11:

    credit jam tibi de isto,

    Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 53:

    cui omnium rerum ipsus semper credit,

    in every thing, id. As. 2, 4, 59; cf. id. Truc. 2, 2, 52:

    diu deliberandum et concoquendum est, utrum potius Chaereae injurato in suā lite, an Manilio et Luscio juratis in alieno judicio credatis,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 15, 45.—
    b.
    Mihi crede, beliere me, confide in my words, upon my word, emoi pithou, an expression of confirmation, Plaut. Ep. 3, 2, 4; Cic. Cat. 1, 3, 6; id. Mur. 19, 40; 38, 82; id. de Or. 2, 17, 72; id. Off. 3, 19, 75; id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75; 1, 43, 103; id. Fin. 2, 21, 68 et saep.; Hor. S. 1, 7, 35; 2, 6, 93 al.; cf.: mihi credite, Cic. Cat. 2, 7, 15; id. Agr. 3, 4, 16; Liv. 24, 22, 17; Ov. M. 15, 254 al.—In the same sense (but more rare in Cic.):

    crede mihi,

    Cic. Att. 6, 6, 1; 14, 15, 2; 11, 6, 1; id. Verr. 2, 4, 59, § 133; Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 4; Ov. A. A. 1, 66; id. M. 1, 361; id. Tr. 3, 4, 25:

    crede igitur mihi,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 6, 2:

    credite mihi,

    Curt. 6, 11, 25.—
    c.
    Credor in poets several times equivalent to creditur mihi:

    certe credemur, ait, si verba sequatur Exitus,

    Ov. F. 3, 351; so id. Tr. 3, 10, 35:

    creditus accepit cantatas protinus herbas, etc.,

    id. M. 7, 98; so in part., id. H. 17, 129; cf.:

    (Cassandra) non umquam credita Teucris,

    Verg. A. 2, 247.—
    d.
    Sibi, to believe one's self, trust one's own convictions, be fully convinced:

    cum multa dicta sunt sapienter et graviter, tum vel in primis, crede nobis, crede tibi,

    Plin. Pan. 74:

    fieri malunt alieni erroris accessio, quam sibi credere,

    Min. Fel. 24, 2: non satis sibi ipsi credebant, Auct. B. Alex. 6:—
    2.
    With simple reference to the object mentioned or asserted, to believe a thing, hold or admit as true: velim te id quod verum est credere, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 275, 6; cf.: credo et verum est, Afer ap. Quint. 6, 3, 94:

    me miseram! quid jam credas? aut cur credas?

    Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 32:

    quod fere libenter homines id quod volunt credunt,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 18; cf. Quint. 6, 2, 5:

    audivi ista... sed numquam sum addictus ut crederem,

    Cic. Brut. 26, 100:

    ne quid de se temere crederent,

    Sall. C. 31, 7:

    res Difficilis ad credundum,

    Lucr. 2, 1027; cf. Caes. B. G. 5, 28 et saep.— Pass.:

    res tam scelesta... credi non potest,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 22, 62.— Pass. impers.:

    in quo scelere, etiam cum multae causae convenisse unum in locum atque inter se congruere videntur, tamen non temere creditur,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 22, 62.—
    b.
    In gen. = opinor, arbitror, to be of opinion, to think, believe, suppose.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    timeo ne aliud credam atque aliud nunties,

    Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 4:

    quae deserta et inhospita tesqua credis,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 20:

    fortem crede bonumque,

    id. ib. 1, 9, 13:

    quos gravissimos sapientiae magistros aetas vetus credidit,

    Quint. 12, 1, 36.— Pass.:

    potest... falsum aliquid pro vero credi,

    Sall. C. 51, 36:

    origo animi caelestis creditur,

    Quint. 1, 1, 1; 8, prooem. §

    24: Evander venerabilior divinitate creditā Carmentae matris,

    Liv. 1, 7, 8.—
    (β).
    With acc. and inf. (so most freq.):

    jam ego vos novisse credo, ut sit pater meus,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 104:

    cum reliquum exercitum subsequi crederet,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 31: caelo tonantem credidimus Jovem Regnare. Hor. C. 3, 5, 1 et saep.:

    victos crederes,

    one would have thought, one might have imagined, Liv. 2, 43, 9; so Curt. 4, 10, 23; cf. Zumpt, Lat. Gr. § 528.— Pass.:

    navis praeter creditur ire,

    Lucr. 4, 389:

    quem (Athin) peperisse Limnate creditur,

    Ov. M. 5, 49:

    creditus est optime dixisse,

    Quint. 3, 1, 11; cf. id. 10, 2, 125 al.— Impers.:

    credetur abesse ab eo culpam,

    Quint. 11, 1, 64:

    neque sine causā creditum est, stilum non minus agere cum delet,

    id. 10, 4, 1 al. — So in the abl. part. pass. credito, with acc. and inf., Tac. A. 3, 14; 6, 34.—
    (γ).
    Absol.: credo inserted, like opinor, puto, etc., and the Gr. oimai, as a considerate, polite, or ironical expression of one's opinion, I believe, as I think, I suppose, I dare say, etc.:

    credo, misericors est,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 144;

    so placed first,

    id. Cas. 2, 6, 3; Ter. And. 2, 1, 13; Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5; id. Sull. 4, 11; Caes. B. C. 3, 70; Sall. C. 52, 13; Liv. 4, 17, 7; Hor. S. 2, 2, 90:

    Mulciber, credo, arma fecit,

    Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 32; so id. Truc. 2, 5, 27; Caes. B. C. 2, 31; Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 7; id. Tusc. 1, 22, 52; Verg. A. 6, 368 et saep.:

    aut jam hic aderit, credo hercle, aut jam adest,

    Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 74.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > credo

  • 54 data

    1.
    do, dĕdi, dătum, dăre (also in a longer form, dănunt = dant, Pac., Naev., and Caecil. ap. Non. 97, 14 sq.; Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 48; id. Ps. 3, 1, 1 et saep.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 68, 12 Müll.— Subj.:

    duim = dem,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 6; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 38:

    duis,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 81; id. Men. 2, 1, 42:

    duas = des,

    id. Merc. 2, 3, 67; id. Rud. 5, 3, 12; an old formula in Liv. 10, 19:

    duit,

    Plaut. As. 2, 4, 54; id. Aul. 1, 1, 23; an old formula in Liv. 22, 10 init.:

    duint,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 126; id. Ps. 4, 1, 25; id. Trin. 2, 4, 35; Ter. And. 4, 1, 43; id. Phorm. 3, 2, 34 al.— Imper.: DVITOR, XII. Tab. ap. Plin. 21, 3, 5 ex conject.—Inf.: DASI = dari, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 68, 13 Müll.:

    dane = dasne,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 22.—The pres. pass., first pers., dor, does not occur), v. a. [Sanscr. dā, da-dā-mi, give; Gr. di-dô-mi, dôtêr, dosis; cf.: dos, donum, damnum], to give; and hence, with the greatest variety of application, passing over into the senses of its compounds, derivatives, and synonyms (edere, tradere, dedere; reddere, donare, largiri, concedere, exhibere, porrigere, praestare, impertire, suppeditare, ministrare, subministrare, praebere, tribuere, offerre, etc.), as, to give away, grant, concede, allow, permit; give up, yield, resign; bestow, present, confer, furnish, afford; offer, etc. (very freq.).
    I.
    In gen.:

    eam carnem victoribus danunt, Naev. ap. Non. l. l.: ea dona, quae illic Amphitruoni sunt data,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 138; cf.:

    patera, quae dono mi illic data'st,

    id. ib. 1, 3, 36:

    dandis recipiendisque meritis,

    Cic. Lael. 8; cf.:

    ut par sit ratio acceptorum et datorum,

    id. ib. 16, 58: ut obsides accipere non dare consuerint, Caes. B. G. 1, 4 fin.:

    obsides,

    id. ib. 1, 19, 1;

    1, 31, 7 et saep.: patriam (sc. mundum) dii nobis communem secum dederunt,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 13:

    hominibus animus datus est ex illis sempiternis ignibus,

    id. ib. 6, 15; cf. ib. 6, 17:

    ea dant magistratus magis, quae etiamsi nolint, danda sint,

    id. ib. 1, 31; cf.

    imperia,

    id. ib. 1, 44:

    centuria, ad summum usum urbis fabris tignariis data,

    id. ib. 2, 22:

    Lycurgus agros locupletium plebi, ut servitio, colendos dedit,

    id. ib. 3, 9 fin.:

    ei filiam suam in matrimonium dat,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 3, 5:

    litteras ad te numquam habui cui darem, quin dederim,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 19: litteras (ad aliquem), to write to one, saep.; cf. id. Att. 5, 11;

    and in the same signif.: aliquid ad aliquem,

    id. ib. 10, 8 fin.:

    litteras alicui, said of the writer,

    to give one a letter to deliver, id. ib. 5, 15 fin.;

    of the bearer, rarely,

    to deliver a letter to one, id. ib. 5, 4 init.: colloquium dare, to join in a conference, converse ( poet.), Lucr. 4, 598 (Lachm.;

    al. videmus): colloquiumque sua fretus ab urbe dedit,

    parley, challenge, Prop. 5, 10, 32:

    dare poenas,

    to give satisfaction, to suffer punishment, Sall. C. 18:

    alicui poenas dare,

    to make atonement to any one; to suffer for any thing, Ov. M. 6, 544; Sall. C. 51, 31;

    v. poena: decus sibi datum esse justitia regis existimabant,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 41:

    quoniam me quodammodo invitas et tui spem das,

    id. ib. 1, 10:

    dabant hae feriae tibi opportunam sane facultatem ad explicandas tuas litteras,

    id. ib. 1, 9; cf.:

    ansas alicui ad reprehendendum,

    id. Lael. 16, 59:

    multas causas suspicionum offensionumque,

    id. ib. 24:

    facultatem per provinciam itineris faciundi,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 7, 5;

    for which: iter alicui per provinciam,

    id. ib. 1, 8, 3; Liv. 8, 5; 21, 20 al.:

    modicam libertatem populo,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 31:

    consilium,

    id. Lael. 13:

    praecepta,

    id. ib. 4 fin.:

    tempus alicui, ut, etc.,

    id. Rep. 1, 3:

    inter se fidem et jusjurandum,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 3 fin.:

    operam,

    to bestow labor and pains on any thing, Cic. de Or. 1, 55:

    operam virtuti,

    id. Lael. 22, 84;

    also: operam, ne,

    id. ib. 21, 78:

    veniam amicitiae,

    id. ib. 17:

    vela (ventis),

    to set sail, id. de Or. 2, 44, 187:

    dextra vela dare,

    to steer towards the right, Ov. 3, 640:

    me librum L. Cossinio ad te perferendum dedisse,

    Cic. Att. 2, 1:

    sin homo amens diripiendam urbem daturus est,

    id. Fam. 14, 14 et saep.: ita dat se res, so it is circumstanced, so it is, Poëta ap. Cic. N. D. 2, 26; cf.:

    prout tempus ac res se daret,

    Liv. 28, 5 et saep.— Impers.: sic datur, so it goes, such is fate, i. e. you have your reward, Plaut. Truc. 4, 8, 4; id. Ps. 1, 2, 22; id. Men. 4, 2, 40; 64; id. Stich. 5, 6, 5.— Part. perf. sometimes (mostly in poets) subst.: dăta, ōrum, n., gifts, presents, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 72; Prop. 3, 15, 6 (4, 14, 6 M.); Ov. M. 6, 363 (but not in Cic. Clu. 24, 66, where dona data belong together, as in the archaic formula in Liv. 22, 10 init.:

    DATVM DONVM DVIT, P. R. Q.).— Prov.: dantur opes nulli nunc nisi divitibus,

    Mart. 5, 81, 2; cf.:

    dat census honores,

    Ov. F. 1, 217.—
    (β).
    Poet. with inf.:

    da mihi frui perpetuā virginitate,

    allow me, Ov. M. 1, 486; id. ib. 8, 350:

    di tibi dent captā classem reducere Trojā,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 191; so id. ib. 1, 4, 39; id. Ep. 1, 16, 61; id. A. P. 323 et saep.—
    (γ).
    With ne:

    da, femina ne sim,

    Ov. M. 12, 202.
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    In milit. lang.
    1.
    Nomina, to enroll one's self for military service, to enlist, Cic. Phil. 7, 4, 13; Liv. 2, 24; 5, 10; cf.

    transf. beyond the military sphere,

    Plaut. Ps. 4, 6, 38.—
    2.
    Manus (lit., as a prisoner of war, to stretch forth the hands to be fettered; cf. Cic. Lael. 26, 99;

    hence),

    to yield, surrender, Nep. Ham. 1, 4;

    and more freq. transf. beyond the milit. sphere,

    to yield, acquiesce, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 72; Cic. Lael. 26, 99; id. Att. 2, 22, 2; Caes. B. G. 5, 31, 3; Ov. H. 4, 14; id. F. 3, 688; Verg. A. 11, 568; Hor. Epod. 17, 1 al.—
    3.
    Terga, for the usual vertere terga; v. tergum.—
    B.
    To grant, consent, permit.
    1.
    Esp. in jurid. lang.: DO, DICO, ADDICO, the words employed by the praetor in the execution of his office; viz. DO in the granting of judges, actions, exceptions, etc.; DICO in pronouncing sentence of judgment; ADDICO in adjudging the property in dispute to one or the other party; cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 30 Müll.;

    hence called tria verba,

    Ov. F. 1, 47.—
    2.
    Datur, it is permitted, allowed, granted; with subj. clause: quaesitis diu terris, ubi sistere detur, Ov. M. 1, 307:

    interim tamen recedere sensim datur,

    Quint. 11, 3, 127:

    ex quo intellegi datur, etc.,

    Lact. 5, 20, 11.—
    C.
    In philos. lang., to grant a proposition:

    in geometria prima si dederis, danda sunt omnia: dato hoc, dandum erit illud (followed by concede, etc.),

    Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 83; id. Tusc. 1, 11, 25; id. Inv. 1, 31 fin.
    D.
    Designating the limit, to put, place, carry somewhere; and with se, to betake one's self somewhere:

    tum genu ad terram dabo,

    to throw, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 17; cf.:

    aliquem ad terram,

    Liv. 31, 37; Flor. 4, 2 fin.:

    me haec deambulatio ad languorem dedit!

    has fatigued me, Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 3:

    hanc mihi in manum dat,

    id. And. 1, 5, 62:

    praecipitem me in pistrinum dabit,

    id. ib. 1, 3, 9:

    hostes in fugam,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 51 fin.:

    hostem in conspectum,

    to bring to view, Liv. 3, 69 fin.:

    aliquem in vincula,

    to cast into prison, Flor. 3, 10, 18; cf.:

    arma in profluentes,

    id. 4, 12, 9:

    aliquem usque Sicanium fretum,

    Val. Fl. 2, 28:

    aliquem leto,

    to put to death, to kill, Phaedr. 1, 22, 9:

    se in viam,

    to set out on a journey, Cic. Fam. 14, 12:

    sese in fugam,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 43 fin.; cf.:

    se fugae,

    id. Att. 7, 23, 2:

    Socrates, quam se cumque in partem dedisset, omnium fuit facile princeps,

    id. de Or. 3, 16, 60 et saep.—
    E.
    Designating the effect, to cause, make, bring about, inflict, impose:

    qui dederit damnum aut malum,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 116:

    nec consulto alteri damnum dari sine dolo malo potest,

    Cic. Tull. 14, 34; 16, 39; cf.:

    malum dare,

    id. N. D. 1, 44, 122:

    hoc quī occultari facilius credas dabo,

    Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 29:

    inania duro vulnera dat ferro,

    Ov. M. 3, 84:

    morsus,

    Prop. 5, 5, 39; cf.:

    motus dare,

    to impart motion, Lucr. 1, 819 al. (but motus dare, to make motion, to move, be moved, id. 2, 311):

    stragem,

    id. 1, 288:

    equitum ruinas,

    to overthrow, id. 5, 1329.—With part. fut. pass.:

    pectora tristitiae dissolvenda dedit,

    caused to be delivered from sadness, Tib. 1, 7, 40.—

    Prov.: dant animos vina,

    Ov. M. 12, 242. —
    F.
    Aliquid alicui, to do any thing for the sake of another; to please or humor another; to give up, sacrifice any thing to another (for the more usual condonare): da hoc illi mortuae, da ceteris amicis ac familiaribus, da patriae, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5 fin.: aliquid auribus alicujus, Trebon. ib. 12, 16:

    Caere hospitio Vestalium cultisque diis,

    Liv. 7, 20:

    plus stomacho quam consilio,

    Quint. 10, 1, 117 et saep.:

    ut concessisti illum senatui, sic da hunc populo,

    i. e. forgive him, for the sake of the people, Cic. Lig. 12, 37:

    dabat et famae, ut, etc.,

    Tac. A. 1, 7.—Hence,
    b.
    Se alicui, to give one's self up wholly, to devote, dedicate one's self to a person or thing, to serve:

    dedit se etiam regibus,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 2, 4; so Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 10; id. Heaut. 4, 3, 10; Poëta ap. Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2; Cic. Att. 7, 12, 3; Nep. Att. 9; Tac. A. 1, 31:

    mihi si large volantis ungula se det equi,

    Stat. Silv, 2, 2, 38; 1, 1, 42; 5, 3, 71 al.; Aus. Mosel. 5, 448; cf. Ov. H. 16, 161:

    se et hominibus Pythagoreis et studiis illis,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 111:

    se sermonibus vulgi,

    id. ib. 6, 23:

    se jucunditati,

    id. Off. 1, 34 al.:

    se populo ac coronae,

    to present one's self, appear, id. Verr. 2, 3, 19; cf.:

    se convivio,

    Suet. Caes. 31 et saep.:

    si se dant (judices) et sua sponte quo impellimus inclinant,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 44, 187.—
    G.
    Of discourse, to announce, tell, relate, communicate (like accipere, for to learn, to hear, v. accipio, II.; mostly ante-class. and poet.):

    erili filio hanc fabricam dabo,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 132:

    quam ob rem has partes didicerim, paucis dabo,

    Ter. Heaut. prol. 10; cf. Verg. E. 1, 19:

    imo etiam dabo, quo magis credas,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 37:

    da mihi nunc, satisne probas?

    Cic. Ac. 1, 3, 10:

    Thessalici da bella ducis,

    Val. Fl. 5, 219:

    is datus erat locus colloquio,

    appointed, Liv. 33, 13:

    fixa canens... Saepe dedit sedem notas mutantibus urbes,

    i. e. foretold, promised, Luc. 5, 107.—In pass., poet. i. q.: narratur, dicitur, fertur, etc., is said:

    seu pius Aeneas eripuisse datur,

    Ov. F. 6, 434; Stat. Th. 7, 315; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 337.—
    H.
    Fabulam, to exhibit, produce a play (said of the author; cf.:

    docere fabulam, agere fabulam),

    Cic. Brut. 18 fin.; id. Tusc. 1, 1 fin.; Ter. Eun. prol. 9; 23; id. Heaut. prol. 33; id. Hec. prol. 1 Don.;

    and transf.,

    Cic. Clu. 31, 84; cf.

    also: dare foras librum = edere,

    Cic. Att. 13, 22, 3.—
    I.
    Verba (alicui), to give [p. 605] empty words, i. e. to deceive, cheat, Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 25; id. Ps. 4, 5, 7; id. Rud. 2, 2, 19; Ter. And. 1, 3, 6 Ruhnk.; Quadrig. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 24; Cic. Phil. 13, 16 fin.; id. Att. 15, 16 A.; Hor. S. 1, 3, 22; Pers. 4, 45; Mart. 2, 76 et saep.—
    K.
    Alicui aliquid (laudi, crimini, vitio, etc.), to impute, assign, ascribe, attribute a thing to any one, as a merit, a crime, a fault, etc.:

    nunc quam rem vitio dent, quaeso animum attendite,

    Ter. And. prol. 8:

    hoc vitio datur,

    id. Ad. 3, 3, 64:

    inopiā criminum summam laudem Sex. Roscio vitio et culpae dedisse,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 16, 48; id. Off. 1, 21, 71; 2, 17, 58; id. Div. in Caecil. 10; id. Brut. 80, 277 et saep.—
    L.
    Alicui cenam, epulas, etc., to give one a dinner, entertain at table (freq.):

    qui cenam parasitis dabit,

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 4, 2; 3, 1, 35; id. Stich. 4, 1, 8; Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 45; Cic. Fam. 9, 20, 2; id. Mur. 36, 75:

    prandium dare,

    id. ib. 32, 67; cf. Sen. Ben. 1, 14, 1; Tac. A. 2, 57 al.—
    M.
    To grant, allow, in gen. (rare, but freq. as impers.; v. B. 2. supra):

    dari sibi diem postulabat,

    a respite, Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 32.
    2.
    - do, -dāre ( obsol., found only in the compounds, abdo, condo, abscondo, indo, etc.), 1, v. a. [Sanscr. root dhā-, da-dhāmi, set, put, place; Gr. the-, tithêmi; Ger. thun, thue, that; Eng. do, deed, etc.]. This root is distinct from 1. do, Sanscr. dā, in most of the Arian langg.; cf. Pott. Etym. Forsch. 2, 484; Corss. Ausspr. 2, 410;

    but in Italy the two seem to have been confounded, at least in compounds,

    Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 254 sq.; cf. Max Müller, Science of Lang. Ser. 2, p. 220, N. Y. ed.; Fick, Vergl. Wört. p. 100.
    3.
    do, acc. of domus, v. domus init.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > data

  • 55 delecto

    dēlecto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. intens. a. [delicio].
    I.
    To allure from the right path, to entice away, to seduce (only ante-class.): me Apollo ipse delectat, ductat Delphicus, Enn. ap. Non. 97, 32 (Trag. v. 390 Vahl.: delectare, illicere, attrahere, Non.): hostem, Quadrig. ib. 98, 2:

    ubi sementem facturus eris, ibi oves delectato,

    keep back, Cato R. R. 30 (also copied in Plin. 17, 9, 6, § 55). —
    II.
    Meton. (effectus pro causa), to delight, sc. by attracting, alluring; to please, charm, amuse (freq. and class.; cf.: oblecto, juvo): mentem atque animum delectat suum, Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 10, 12:

    Pamphilam arcesse, ut delectet hic nos,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 11:

    non tam ista me sapientiae fama delectat, quam, etc.,

    Cic. Lael. 4, 15; id. ib. 6 fin.:

    sive Falernum to magis delectat,

    Hor. S. 2, 8, 17 al. —With abl.:

    delectari multis inanibus rebus, ut honore, ut gloria, etc.: animo autem virtute praedito... non admodum delectari,

    Cic. Lael. 14:

    jumentis,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 2:

    imperio,

    id. B. C. 3, 82:

    criminibus inferendis,

    Cic. Lael. 18, 65:

    carminibus,

    Hor. Od. 4, 1, 23; cf.

    iambis (with gaudere carmine),

    id. Ep. 2, 2, 59 et passim:

    interea cum Musis nos delectabimus aequo animo,

    id. Att. 2, 4, 2; cf.:

    cum Musis delectari,

    Hyg. Astr. 2, 27.—With ab and abl.:

    ut me ab eo delectari facilius quam decipi putem posse,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 13 fin.; so,

    ab aliquo,

    id. Fin. 1, 5, 14; id. Or. 57, 195 et saep.—With in and abl.:

    in hoc admodum delector, quod, etc.,

    id. Leg. 2, 7, 17 Goer.; cf. id. Fin. 1, 11, 39; id. Fam. 6, 4; cf.:

    ille me delectat in omni genere,

    id. Att. 16, 5, 2:

    in alio sua quemque natura delectat,

    Plin. Pan. 45, 1.—In ellipt. style, impers.:

    me magis de Dionysio delectat,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 13 fin. —With inf. as subject:

    quam delectabat eum defectiones solis et lunae multo ante nobis praedicere,

    Cic. Lael. 14, 49; id. Tusc. 3, 26, 63; Quint. 1, 1, 29:

    aedificare casas... si quem delectet barbatum,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 249; cf.:

    me pedibus delectat claudere verba,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 28:

    delectat Veneris decerpere flores,

    Ov. R. Am. 103.—In pass.: vir bonus et [p. 537] prudens dici delector, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32; Phaedr. 5, 3, 9: delectat, impers. (late Lat.), Boeth. Cons. Phil. 2, 3.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > delecto

  • 56 delibero

    dē-lībĕro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [de and libro, libra; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 74, 1 Müll.: deliberare a libella, qua quid perpenditur dictum], to weigh well in one's mind, to consider maturely, deliberate respecting a thing; to take counsel, consult, advise upon (freq. and class.; for syn. cf. cogito, agito, volvo, reputo, perpendo, meditor, commentor, consulo).
    I.
    Prop.
    A.
    In gen.:

    re deliberata, post diem tertium ad Caesarem reversuros,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 9; so,

    re deliberata,

    id. B. C. 1, 10:

    delibera hoc, dum ego redeo,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 42:

    de summa rerum deliberare,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 30:

    de geographia etiam atque etiam,

    Cic. Att. 2, 7:

    de necanda filia,

    Suet. Aug. 65:

    de singulis articulis temporum,

    id. Claud. 4 al.:

    deliberare Velitne an non,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 58:

    utrum... an (with concoquere),

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 15, 45:

    an recipiat,

    Quint. 7, 1, 24; cf.:

    quando incipiendum sit,

    id. 12, 6, 3:

    ego amplius deliberandum censeo,

    Ter. Ph. 2, 4, 17; so absol., Caes. B. G. 1, 7 fin.; Cic. Off. 1, 3, 9; Quint. 3, 8, 35 sq.; Vulg. 2 Reg. 21, 13 al.:

    cum aliquo de salute fortunisque alicujus,

    Cic. Att. 11, 3; Liv. 32, 34; cf.:

    cum judicibus quasi deliberamus,

    Quint. 9, 2, 21:

    cum cupiditate id est cum animi levissima parte deliberat,

    takes counsel of, Cic. Fin. 2, 34, 115:

    cum materia,

    Quint. 3, 7, 16:

    cum causis,

    id. 7, 10, 10:

    cum re praesenti,

    id. 9, 4, 117.— Pass. impers.:

    deliberatur de Avarico in communi concilio, incendi placeret an defendi,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 15, 3:

    ut utri potissimum consulendum sit deliberetur,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 58, 174 al. — Prov.:

    deliberando saepe perit occasio,

    Pub. Syr. 140 (Rib.):

    deliberandum est saepe, statuendum est semel,

    id. 132.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    (Like consulo, no. I. B. 1.) To consult an oracle (only in Nepos):

    ex his delecti Delphos deliberatum missi sunt... his consulentibus, etc.,

    Nep. Milt. 1, 2:

    so with consulere,

    id. Them. 2, 6.—
    2.
    Pass. impers.: deliberari, to be maturely discussed, hence to be in doubt, usually with potest, non potest, etc.:

    ex eo deliberari poterit, ducenda necne alvus sit,

    Cels. 3, 13, § 12:

    neque maneatis aut abeatis deliberari potest,

    i. e. you must certainly go away, Liv. 7, 35, 8:

    M. Aemilius, qui pejor an ignavior sit, deliberari non potest,

    Sall. Hist. Fr. 1, 48, 3. Cf.: nemo deliberat, no one doubts, etc., Min. Fel. 35, 4. —
    II.
    Meton. (causa pro effectu), to resolve, determine, after deliberation (rare in the verb. finit.; usually in the part. perf., with inf. or acc. and inf.):

    quod iste certe statuerat ac deliberaverat non adesse,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 1: (Cleopatra) deliberata morte ferocior, * Hor. Od. 1, 37, 29: certum ac deliberatum est me illis obsequi, Turpil. ap. Non. 282, 11, and 429, 21;

    so with certum,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 31:

    cum mihi deliberatum et constitutum sit ita gerere consulatum, etc.,

    id. Agr. 1, 8, 25:

    sic habuisti statutum cum animo ac deliberatum, omnes judices reicere,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 41: deliberatum est non tacere amplius, Afran. ap. Interpr. Verg. A. 10, 564.—Hence, dēlībĕrātus, a, um, P. a., resolved upon, determined, certain (rare):

    neque illi quicquam deliberatius fuit quam me... evertere,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 8:

    instructius deliberatiusque,

    Gell. 1, 13, 9.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > delibero

  • 57 descisco

    dē-scisco, īvi or ĭi, ītum, 3, v. n., orig. a publicist's t. t. to free one's self from a connection with any one, to withdraw, leave, revolt from, = sciscendo deficere; and with an indication of the terminus, to desert to, go over to any one (class. prose).
    I.
    Prop.:

    multae longinquiores civitates ab Afranio desciscunt,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 60 fin.; so,

    ab aliquo,

    id. ib. 2, 32, 2; Cic. Phil. 11, 9, 21; Liv. 6, 36; Nep. Alc. 5, 1; id. Dat. 5, 5; Just. 5, 1 fin. et saep.:

    ad aliquem (opp. a nobis deficere),

    Liv. 31, 7; cf.:

    Praeneste ab Latinis ad Romanos descivit,

    id. 2, 19;

    and simply: ad aliquem,

    id. 26, 21; Front. Strat. 4, 3, 14 al.; cf. pass. impers.:

    quibus invitis descitum ad Samnites erat,

    Liv. 9, 16; and Flor. 3, 5, 6.— Absol.:

    cum Fidenae aperte descissent,

    Liv. 1, 27; 21, 19; Tac. H. 1, 31; Suet. Caes. 68; Nep. Tim. 3, 1; id. Ham. 2, 2; Front. Strat. 1, 8, 6: Stat. Th. 2, 311 al.—
    II.
    Transf. beyond the political sphere, to depart, deviate, withdraw from a person or thing; to fall off from, be unfaithful to:

    a nobis desciscere quaeres?

    Lucr. 1, 104:

    a se ipse,

    Cic. Att. 2, 4, 2:

    si Cicero a Demosthene paulum in hac parte descivit,

    Quint. 9, 4, 146:

    cur Zeno ab hac antiqua institutione desciverit,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 8; so,

    a pristina causa,

    id. Fam. 1, 9, 17 Orell. N. cr.:

    a veritate,

    id. Ac. 2, 15:

    a natura,

    id. Tusc. 3, 2:

    a disciplina,

    Vell. 2, 81:

    a virtute,

    id. 2, 1:

    a consuetudine parentum,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 20, 4 et saep.:

    a vita,

    to separate, sever one's self, Cic. Fin. 3, 18, 61 (opp. manere in vita).— Pass. impers.:

    praecipiti cursu a virtute descitum, ad vitia transcursum,

    Vell. 2, 1.—Stating the terminus, to fall off to, decline to; to degenerate into:

    ab excitata fortuna ad inclinatam et prope jacentem,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 16; cf.:

    ad saevitiam, ad cupiditatem,

    Suet. Dom. 10: in regem (i. e. to degenerate, be transformed), Flor. 4, 3:

    in monstrum,

    id. 4, 11.—
    B.
    Of subjects not personal:

    quis ignorat et eloquentiam et ceteras artes descivisse ab ista vetere gloria,

    Tac. Or. 28:

    (vitis) gracili arvo non desciscit,

    does not degenerate, Col. 3, 2, 13:

    semina,

    id. 3, 10, 18.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > descisco

  • 58 dico

    1.
    dĭco, āvi, ātum, 1 (dixe for dixisse, Val. Ant. ap. Arn. 5, 1; DICASSIT dixerit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 75, 15; rather = dicaverit), v. a. [orig. the same word with 2. dīco; cf. the meaning of abdĭco and abdīco, of indĭco and indīco, dedĭco, no. II. A. al., Corss. Ausspr. 1, 380].
    I.
    To proclaim, make known. So perh. only in the foll. passage: pugnam, Lucil. ap. Non. 287, 30.—Far more freq.,
    II.
    Relig. t. t., to dedicate, consecrate, devote any thing to a deity or to a deified person (for syn. cf.: dedico, consecro, inauguro).
    A.
    Prop.: et me dicabo atque animam devotabo hostibus, Att. ap. Non. 98, 12:

    donum tibi (sc. Jovi) dicatum atque promissum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 72; cf.:

    ara condita atque dicata,

    Liv. 1, 7 (for which aram condidit dedicavitque, id. 28, 46 fin.); so,

    aram,

    id. 1, 7; 1, 20:

    capitolium, templum Jovis O. M.,

    id. 22, 38 fin.:

    templa,

    Ov. F. 1, 610:

    delubrum ex manubiis,

    Plin. 7, 26, 27, § 97:

    lychnuchum Apollini,

    id. 34, 3, 8, § 14:

    statuas Olympiae,

    id. 34, 4, 9, § 16:

    vehiculum,

    Tac. G. 40:

    carmen Veneri,

    Plin. 37, 10, 66, § 178; cf. Suet. Ner. 10 fin. et saep.:

    cygni Apollini dicati,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 30, 73.—
    2.
    With a personal object, to consecrate, to deify (cf. dedico, no. II. A. b.):

    Janus geminus a Numa dicatus,

    Plin. 34, 7, 16, § 34:

    inter numina dicatus Augustus,

    Tac. A. 1, 59.—
    B.
    Transf., beyond the relig. sphere.
    1.
    To give up, set apart, appropriate a thing to any one: recita;

    aurium operam tibi dico,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 72; so,

    operam,

    id. Ps. 1, 5, 147; Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 12:

    hunc totum diem tibi,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 7:

    tuum studium meae laudi,

    id. Fam. 2, 6, 4:

    genus (orationis) epidicticum gymnasiis et palaestrae,

    id. Or. 13, 42:

    librum Maecenati,

    Plin. 19, 10, 57, § 177; cf.:

    librum laudibus ptisanae,

    id. 18, 7, 15, § 75 al.:

    (Deïopeam) conubio jungam stabili propriamque dicabo,

    Verg. A. 1, 73; cf. the same verse, ib. 4, 126:

    se Crasso,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 3, 11; cf.: se Remis in clientelam, * Caes. B. G. 6, 12, 7:

    se alii civitati,

    to become a free denizen of it, Cic. Balb. 11, 28;

    for which: se in aliam civitatem,

    id. ib. 12 fin.
    * 2.
    (I. q. dedico, no. II. A.) To consecrate a thing by using it for the first time:

    nova signa novamque aquilam,

    Tac. H. 5, 16.— Hence, dĭcātus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to no. II.), devoted, consecrated, dedicated:

    loca Christo dedicatissima, August. Civ. Dei, 3, 31: CONSTANTINO AETERNO AVGVSTO ARRIVS DIOTIMVS... N. M. Q. (i. e. numini majestatique) EIVS DICATISSIMVS,

    Inscr. Orell. 1083.
    2.
    dīco, xi, ctum, 3 ( praes. DEICO, Inscr. Orell. 4848; imp. usu. dic; cf. duc, fac, fer, from duco, etc., DEICVNTO, and perf. DEIXSERINT, P. C. de Therm. ib. 3673; imp. dice, Naev. ap. Fest. p. 298, 29 Müll.; Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 109; id. Bac. 4, 4, 65; id. Merc. 1, 2, 47 al.; cf. Quint. 1, 6, 21; fut. dicem = dicam, Cato ap. Quint. 1, 7, 23; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 72, 6 Müll.—Another form of the future is dicebo, Novius ap. Non. 507 (Com. v. 8 Rib.). — Perf. sync.:

    dixti,

    Plaut. As. 4, 2, 14; id. Trin. 2, 4, 155; id. Mil. 2, 4, 12 et saep.; Ter. And. 3, 1, 1; 3, 2, 38; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 100 et saep.; Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 10; id. N. D. 3, 9, 23; id. Caecin. 29, 82; acc. to Quint. 9, 3, 22.— Perf. subj.:

    dixis,

    Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 46; Caecil. ap. Gell. 7, 17 fin.:

    dixem = dixissem,

    Plaut. Pseud. 1, 5, 84; inf. dixe = dix isse, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Non. 105, 23; Varr. ib. 451, 16; Arn. init.; Aus. Sept. Sap. de Cleob. 8; inf. praes. pass. dicier, Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 32; Vatin. in Cic. Fam. 5, 9 al.), v. a. [root DIC = DEIK in deiknumi; lit., to show; cf. dikê, and Lat. dicis, ju-dex, dicio], to say, tell, mention, relate, affirm, declare, state; to mean, intend (for syn. cf.: for, loquor, verba facio, dicto, dictito, oro, inquam, aio, fabulor, concionor, pronuntio, praedico, recito, declamo, affirmo, assevero, contendo; also, nomino, voco, alloquor, designo, nuncupo; also, decerno, jubeo, statuo, etc.; cf. also, nego.—The person addressed is usually put in dat., v. the foll.: dicere ad aliquem, in eccl. Lat., stands for the Gr. eipein pros tina, Vulg. Luc. 2, 34 al.; cf. infra I. B. 2. g).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    Amphitruonis socium nae me esse volui dicere,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 228:

    advenisse familiarem dicito,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 197:

    haec uti sunt facta ero dicam,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 304; cf. ib. 2, 1, 23:

    signi dic quid est?

    id. ib. 1, 1, 265:

    si dixero mendacium,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 43; cf.

    opp. vera dico,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 238 al.:

    quo facto aut dicto adest opus,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 15; cf.:

    dictu opus est,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 68:

    nihil est dictu facilius,

    id. Phorm. 2, 1, 70:

    turpe dictu,

    id. Ad. 2, 4, 11:

    indignis si male dicitur, bene dictum id esse dico,

    Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 27:

    ille, quem dixi,

    whom I have mentioned, named, Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45 et saep.: vel dicam = vel potius, or rather:

    stuporem hominis vel dicam pecudis attendite,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 30; cf.:

    mihi placebat Pomponius maxime vel dicam minime displicebat,

    id. Brut. 57, 207; so id. ib. 70, 246; id. Fam. 4, 7, 3 al.—
    b.
    Dicitur, dicebatur, dictum est, impers. with acc. and inf., it is said, related, maintained, etc.; or, they say, affirm, etc.: de hoc (sc. Diodoro) Verri dicitur, habere eum, etc., it is reported to Verres that, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 18:

    non sine causa dicitur, ad ea referri omnes nostras cogitationes,

    id. Fin. 3, 18, 60; so,

    dicitur,

    Nep. Paus. 5, 3; Quint. 5, 7, 33; 7, 2, 44; Ov. F. 4, 508:

    Titum multo apud patrem sermone orasse dicebatur, ne, etc.,

    Tac. H. 4, 52; so,

    dicebatur,

    id. A. 1, 10:

    in hac habitasse platea dictum'st Chrysidem,

    Ter. And. 4, 5, 1:

    dictum est,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 1, 5; Liv. 38, 56; Quint. 6, 1, 27:

    ut pulsis hostibus dici posset, eos, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 46, 3. Cf. also: hoc, illud dicitur, with acc. and inf., Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 72; id. de Or. 1, 33, 150; Quint. 4, 2, 91; 11, 3, 177 al. —Esp. in histt. in reference to what has been previously related:

    ut supra dictum est,

    Sall. J. 96, 1:

    sicut ante dictum est,

    Nep. Dion. 9, 5; cf. Curt. 3, 7, 7; 5, 1, 11; 8, 6, 2 et saep.—
    c.
    (See Zumpt, Gram. § 607.) Dicor, diceris, dicitur, with nom. and inf., it is said that I, thou, he, etc.; or, they say that I, thou, etc.:

    ut nos dicamur duo omnium dignissimi esse,

    Plaut. As. 2, 2, 47: cf. Quint. 4, 4, 6:

    dicar Princeps Aeolium carmen ad Italos Deduxisse modos,

    Hor. Od. 3, 30, 10 al.:

    illi socius esse diceris,

    Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 72: aedes Demaenetus ubi [p. 571] dicitur habitare, id. As. 2, 3, 2:

    qui (Pisistratus) primus Homeri libros confusos antea sic disposuisse dicitur, ut nunc habemus,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 34, 137 et saep.:

    quot annos nata dicitur?

    Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 89:

    is nunc dicitur venturus peregre,

    id. Truc. 1, 1, 66 et saep. In a double construction, with nom. and inf., and acc. and inf. (acc. to no. b. and c.): petisse dicitur major Titius... idque ab eis facile (sc. eum) impetrasse, Auct. B. Afr. 28 fin.; so Suet. Oth. 7.—
    d.
    Dictum ac factum or dictum factum (Gr. hama epos hama ergon), in colloq. lang., no sooner said than done, without delay, Ter. And. 2, 3, 7:

    dictum ac factum reddidi,

    it was "said and done" with me, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 12; 5, 1, 31; cf.:

    dicto citius,

    Verg. A. 1, 142; Hor. S. 2, 2, 80; and:

    dicto prope citius,

    Liv. 23, 47, 6.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Pregn.
    a.
    To assert, affirm a thing as certain (opp. nego):

    quem esse negas, eundem esse dicis,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, 12; cf.:

    dicebant, ego negabam,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 5; and:

    quibus creditum non sit negantibus, iisdem credatur dicentibus?

    id. Rab. Post. 12, 35.—
    b.
    For dico with a negative, nego is used, q. v.; cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 799;

    but: dicere nihil esse pulchrius, etc.,

    Liv. 30, 12, 6; 21, 9, 3 Fabri; so,

    freq. in Liv. when the negation precedes,

    id. 30, 22, 5; 23, 10, 13 al.; cf. Krebs, Antibar. p. 355.—
    2.
    dico is often inserted parenthetically, to give emphasis to an apposition:

    utinam C. Caesari, patri, dico adulescenti contigisset, etc.,

    Cic. Phil. 5, 18, 49; id. Tusc. 5, 36, 105; id. Planc. 12, 30; Quint. 9, 2, 83; cf. Cic. Or. 58, 197; id. Tusc. 4, 16, 36; Sen. Ep. 14, 6; id. Vit. Beat. 15, 6; Quint. 1, 6, 24:

    ille mihi praesidium dederat, cum dico mihi, senatui dico populoque Romano,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 20; Sen. Ep. 83, 12; Plin. Ep. 2, 20, 2; 3, 2, 2.—
    3.
    In rhetor. and jurid. lang., to pronounce, deliver, rehearse, speak any thing.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    oratio dicta de scripto,

    Cic. Planc. 30 fin.; cf.:

    sententiam de scripto,

    id. Att. 4, 3, 3:

    controversias,

    Quint. 3, 8, 51; 9, 2, 77:

    prooemium ac narrationem et argumenta,

    id. 2, 20, 10:

    exordia,

    id. 11, 3, 161:

    theses et communes locos,

    id. 2, 1, 9:

    materias,

    id. 2, 4, 41:

    versus,

    Cic. Or. 56, 189; Quint. 6, 3, 86:

    causam, of the defendant or his attorney,

    to make a defensive speech, to plead in defence, Cic. Rosc. Am. 5; id. Quint. 8; id. Sest. 8; Quint. 5, 11, 39; 7, 4, 3; 8, 2, 24 al.; cf.

    causas (said of the attorney),

    Cic. de Or. 1, 2, 5; 2, 8, 32 al.:

    jus,

    to pronounce judgment, id. Fl. 3; id. Fam. 13, 14; hence the praetor's formula: DO, DICO, ADDICO; v. do, etc.—
    (β).
    With ad and acc. pers., to plead before a person or tribunal:

    ad unum judicem,

    Cic. Opt. Gen. 4, 10:

    ad quos? ad me, si idoneus videor qui judicem, etc.,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 29, § 72; Liv. 3, 41.—
    (γ).
    With ad and acc. of thing, to speak in reference to, in reply to:

    non audeo ad ista dicere,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 32, 78; id. Rep. 1, 18, 30.—
    (δ).
    Absol.:

    nec idem loqui, quod dicere,

    Cic. Or. 32:

    est oratoris proprium, apte, distincte, ornate dicere,

    id. Off. 1, 1, 2; so,

    de aliqua re pro aliquo, contra aliquem, etc., innumerable times in Cic. and Quint.: dixi, the t. t. at the end of a speech,

    I have done, Cic. Verr. 1 fin. Ascon. and Zumpt, a. h. 1.;

    thus, dixerunt, the t. t. by which the praeco pronounced the speeches of the parties to be finished,

    Quint. 1, 5, 43; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 6, 4, 7.— Transf. beyond the judicial sphere:

    causam nullam or causam haud dico,

    I have no objection, Plaut. Mil. 5, 34; id. Capt. 3, 4, 92; Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 42.—
    4.
    To describe, relate, sing, celebrate in writing (mostly poet.):

    tibi dicere laudes,

    Tib. 1, 3, 31; so,

    laudes Phoebi et Dianae,

    Hor. C. S. 76:

    Dianam, Cynthium, Latonam,

    id. C. 1, 21, 1:

    Alciden puerosque Ledae,

    id. ib. 1, 12, 25:

    caelestes, pugilemve equumve,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 19:

    Pelidae stomachum,

    id. ib. 1, 6, 5:

    bella,

    id. Ep. 1, 16, 26; Liv. 7, 29:

    carmen,

    Hor. C. 1, 32, 3; id. C. S. 8; Tib. 2, 1, 54:

    modos,

    Hor. C. 3, 11, 7:

    silvestrium naturas,

    Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 138 et saep.:

    temporibus Augusti dicendis non defuere decora ingenia,

    Tac. A. 1, 1; id. H. 1, 1:

    vir neque silendus neque dicendus sine cura,

    Vell. 2, 13.—
    b.
    Of prophecies, to predict, foretell:

    bellicosis fata Quiritibus Hac lege dico, ne, etc.,

    Hor. C. 3, 3, 58:

    sortes per carmina,

    id. A. P. 403:

    quicquid,

    id. S. 2, 5, 59:

    hoc (Delphi),

    Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 43 et saep.—
    5.
    To pronounce, articulate a letter, syllable, word: Demosthenem scribit Phalereus, cum Rho dicere nequiret, etc., Cic. Div. 2, 46, 96; id. de Or. 1, 61, 260; Quint. 1, 4, 8; 1, 7, 21 al.—
    6.
    To call, to name: habitum quendam vitalem corporis esse, harmoniam Graii quam dicunt, Lucr. 3, 106; cf.: Latine dicimus elocutionem, quam Graeci phrasin vocant, Quint. 8, 1, 1:

    Chaoniamque omnem Trojano a Chaone dixit,

    Verg. A. 3, 335:

    hic ames dici pater atque princeps,

    Hor. Od. 1, 2, 50:

    uxor quondam tua dicta,

    Verg. A. 2, 678 et saep. —Prov.:

    dici beatus ante obitum nemo debet,

    Ov. M. 3, 135.—
    7.
    To name, appoint one to an office:

    ut consules roget praetor vel dictatorem dicat,

    Cic. Att. 9, 15, 2: so,

    dictatorem,

    Liv. 5, 9; 7, 26; 8, 29:

    consulem,

    id. 10, 15; 24, 9; 26, 22 (thrice):

    magistrum equitum,

    id. 6, 39:

    aedilem,

    id. 9, 46:

    arbitrum bibendi,

    Hor. Od. 2, 7, 26 et saep.—
    8.
    To appoint, set apart. fix upon, settle:

    nam mea bona meis cognatis dicam, inter eos partiam,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 113; cf. Pompon. ap. Non. 280, 19:

    dotis paululum vicino suo,

    Afran. ib. 26:

    pecuniam omnem suam doti,

    Cic. Fl. 35: quoniam inter nos nuptiae sunt dictae, Afran. ap. Non. 280, 24; cf.:

    diem nuptiis,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 75:

    diem operi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 57:

    diem juris,

    Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 16:

    diem exercitui ad conveniendum Pharas,

    Liv. 36, 8; cf. id. 42, 28, and v. dies:

    locum consiliis,

    id. 25, 16:

    leges pacis,

    id. 33, 12; cf.:

    leges victis,

    id. 34, 57:

    legem tibi,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 18; Ov. M. 6, 137; cf.:

    legem sibi,

    to give sentence upon one's self, id. ib. 13, 72:

    pretium muneri,

    Hor. C. 4, 8, 12 et saep.—With inf.: prius data est, quam tibi dari dicta, Pac. ap. Non. 280, 28. — Pass. impers.:

    eodem Numida inermis, ut dictum erat, accedit,

    Sall. J. 113, 6.—
    9.
    To utter, express, esp. in phrases:

    non dici potest, dici vix potest, etc.: non dici potest quam flagrem desiderio urbis,

    Cic. Att. 5, 11, 1; 5, 17, 5:

    dici vix potest quanta sit vis, etc.,

    id. Leg. 2, 15, 38; id. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 127; id. Or. 17, 55; id. Red. ad Quir. 1, 4; cf. Quint. 2, 2, 8; 11, 3, 85.—
    10.
    (Mostly in colloq. lang.) Alicui, like our vulg. to tell one so and so, for to admonish, warn, threaten him:

    dicebam, pater, tibi, ne matri consuleres male,

    Plaut. As. 5, 2, 88; cf. Nep. Datam. 5; Ov. Am. 1, 14, 1.—Esp. freq.:

    tibi (ego) dico,

    I tell you, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 30; id. Bacch. 4, 9, 76; id. Men. 2, 3, 27; id. Mil. 2, 2, 62 et saep.; Ter. And. 1, 2, 33 Ruhnk.; id. ib. 4, 4, 23; id. Eun. 2, 3, 46; 87; Phaedr. 4, 19, 18; cf.:

    tibi dicimus,

    Ov. H. 20, 153; id. M. 9, 122; so, dixi, I have said it, i. e. you may depend upon it, it shall be done, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 90; 92.—
    11.
    Dicere sacramentum or sacramento, to take an oath, to swear; v. sacramentum.
    II.
    Transf., i. q. intellego, Gr. phêmi, to mean so and so; it may sometimes be rendered in English by namely, to wit:

    nec quemquam vidi, qui magis ea, quae timenda esse negaret, timeret, mortem dico et deos,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 86; id. de Or. 3, 44, 174: M. Sequar ut institui divinum illum virum, quem saepius fortasse laudo quam necesse est. At. Platonem videlicet dicis, id. Leg. 3, 1:

    uxoris dico, non tuam,

    Plaut. As. 1, 1, 30 et saep.—Hence, dictum, i, n., something said, i. e. a saying, a word.
    A.
    In gen.: haut doctis dictis certantes sed male dictis, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 274 Vahl.; acc. to Hertz.: nec maledictis); so,

    istaec dicta dicere,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 40:

    docta,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 99; id. Men. 2, 1, 24; Lucr. 5, 113; cf.

    condocta,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 3:

    meum,

    id. As. 2, 4, 1:

    ridiculum,

    id. Capt. 3, 1, 22:

    minimum,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 9:

    ferocibus dictis rem nobilitare,

    Liv. 23, 47, 4 al.:

    ob admissum foede dictumve superbe,

    Lucr. 5, 1224; cf.

    facete,

    Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 73; id. Poen. 3, 3, 24; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 57; Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104 al.:

    lepide,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 103:

    absurde,

    id. Capt. 1, 1, 3:

    vere,

    Nep. Alc. 8, 4:

    ambigue,

    Hor. A. P. 449 et saep.—Pleon.:

    feci ego istaec dicta quae vos dicitis (sc. me fecisse),

    Plaut. Casin. 5, 4, 17.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    A saying, maxim, proverb:

    aurea dicta,

    Lucr. 3, 12; cf.

    veridica,

    id. 6, 24: Catonis est dictum. Pedibus compensari pecuniam, Cic. Fl. 29 fin. Hence, the title of a work by Caesar: Dicta collectanea (his Apophthegmata, mentioned in Cic. Fam. 9, 16), Suet. Caes. 56.—Esp. freq.,
    2.
    For facete dictum, a witty saying, bon-mot, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 54 fin. (cf. Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 1 fin.); Cic. Phil. 2, 17; Quint. 6, 3, 2; 16; 36; Liv. 7, 33, 3; Hor. A. P. 273 et saep.; cf. also, dicterium.—
    3.
    Poetry, verse (abstr. and concr.): dicti studiosus, Enn. ap. Cic. Brut. 18, 71:

    rerum naturam expandere dictis,

    Lucr. 1, 126; 5, 56:

    Ennius hirsuta cingat sua dicta corona,

    Prop. 4 (5), 1, 61.—
    4.
    A prediction, prophecy, Lucr. 1, 103; Verg. A. 2, 115; Val. Fl. 2, 326 al.; cf. dictio.—
    5.
    An order, command:

    dicto paruit consul,

    Liv. 9, 41; cf. Verg. A. 3, 189; Ov. M. 8, 815:

    haec dicta dedit,

    Liv. 3, 61; cf. id. 7, 33; 8, 34; 22, 25 al.: dicto audientem esse and dicto audire alicui, v. audio.—
    6.
    A promise, assurance:

    illi dixerant sese dedituros... Cares, tamen, non dicto capti, etc.,

    Nep. Milt. 2, 5; Fur. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 34.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > dico

  • 59 differo

    dif-fĕro, distŭli, dīlātum, differre ( inf. differrier, Lucr. 1, 1088. In tmesi:

    disque tulissent,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 14), v. a. and n.
    I.
    Act., to carry different ways; to spread abroad, scatter, disperse, separate (cf.: reicere, proferre, procrastinare, producere, ampliare, prorogare—class.).
    A.
    Lit.:

    scintillas agere ac late differre favillam,

    Lucr. 2, 675; cf.:

    favillam longe (ventus),

    id. 6, 692:

    nubila (vis venti),

    id. 1, 273; Verg. G. 3, 197:

    ignem (ventus),

    Caes. B. C. 2, 14, 2:

    casae venti magnitudine ignem distulerunt,

    id. B. G. 5, 43, 2:

    majorem partem classis (vis Africi),

    Vell. 2, 79, 2:

    rudentes fractosque remos (Eurus),

    Hor. Epod. 10, 6 et saep.; cf. Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 14:

    nos cum scapha tempestas dextrovorsum Differt ab illis,

    id. Rud. 2, 3, 39; cf. Lucr. 1, 1088: cytisum, to plant apart, in separate rows = disserere, digerere, Varr. R. R. 1, 43; Col. 11, 3, 30 sq.; 38; 42 al.; cf.:

    ulmos in versum,

    Verg. G. 4, 144:

    ut formicae frustillatim (te) differant,

    Plaut. Curc. 4, 4, 20; cf.:

    insepulta membra (lupi),

    Hor. Epod. 5, 99; and:

    Mettum in diversa (quadrigae),

    Verg. A. 8, 643. —
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To distract, disquiet, disturb a person (only ante-class.): vorsor in amoris rota miser, Exanimor, feror, differor, distrahor, diripior, Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 5:

    differor clamore,

    id. Ep. 1, 2, 15:

    cupidine ejus,

    id. Poen. 1, 1, 28; cf.:

    amore istius,

    id. Mil. 4, 4, 27:

    laetitia,

    id. Truc. 4, 1, 3:

    doloribus,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 40.—Less freq. act.:

    aliquem dictis,

    to confound, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 125; cf. Ter. And. 2, 4, 5 Ruhnk.—
    2.
    To spread abroad, publish, divulge; with a personal object, to cry down, to defame (mostly anteclass. and post-Aug.; not in Cic., Caes., or Sall.).
    (α).
    With acc. rei: cum de me ista foris sermonibus differs, Lucil. ap. Non. 284, 16; cf.:

    rumores famam differant licebit nosque carpant,

    Varr. ib. 18:

    commissam libertatem populo Rom. sermonibus,

    Liv. 34, 49:

    promissum jus anulorum fama distulit,

    Suet. Caes. 33.—With acc. and inf.:

    ne mi hanc famam differant, Me dedidisse, etc.,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 63; Ter. Heaut. prol. 16; Nep. Dion. 10; Val. Fl. 1, 753.—With quasi and dependent clause:

    rumore ab obtrectatoribus dilato, quasi eundem mox et discruciatum necasset,

    Suet. Aug. 14 et saep.— Pass. impers.:

    quo pertinuit differri etiam per externos, tamquam veneno interceptus esset,

    Tac. A. 3, 12; cf. id. ib. 4, 25.—
    (β).
    With acc. pers.:

    aliquem pipulo,

    Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 32 (cf. Varr. L. L. 7, § 103 Müll., and see pipulum): aliquem maledicendo sermonibus, Lucil. ap. Non. 284, 24:

    dominos variis rumoribus,

    Tac. A. 1, 4:

    te circum omnes alias puellas,

    to bring into disrepute with them, Prop. 1, 4, 22.—In the pass.: differor sermone miser, Caecil. ap. Gell. 2, 93, 10:

    alterna differor invidia,

    Prop. 1, 16, 48.—
    3.
    With reference to time, to defer, put off, protract, delay any thing; with a personal object also to put off, amuse with promises, get rid of (class. and very freq.).
    (α).
    With acc. rei:

    cetera praesenti sermoni reserventur: hoc tamen non queo differre, etc.,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 8:

    differre quotidie ac procrastinare rem,

    id. Rosc. Am. 9 fin.:

    saepe vadimonia,

    id. Quint. 5 fin.:

    iter in praesentia,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 85, 4:

    pleraque (with omittere in praesens tempus),

    Hor. A. P. 44:

    distulit ira sitim,

    Ov. M. 6, 366 et saep.:

    differri jam hora non potest,

    Cic. Phil. 6, 7, 19:

    tempus,

    id. ib. 8, 8; id. Prov. Cons. 11 fin.; Liv. 3, 46; Ov. M. 1, 724 al.:

    diem de die,

    Liv. 25, 25 et saep.—With inf.:

    quaerere distuli,

    Hor. Od. 4, 4, 21; so Liv. 42, 2 (but not Suet. Caes. 81, where agere belongs to proposuerat, cf. id. Aug. 72; id. Calig. 49).—With quin:

    nihil dilaturi, quin periculum summae rerum facerent,

    Liv. 6, 22 fin.; so Suet. Caes. 4; with in and acc.:

    reliqua in crastinum,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 44 fin.:

    in posterum diem,

    id. Deiot. 7, 21; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 65 fin.:

    in posterum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 32; Caes. B. G. 7, 11, 5:

    in aliud tempus,

    Cic. Brut. 87; Caes. B. C. 1, 86, 2:

    in adventum tuum,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 3 fin.:

    diem edicti in a. d. IV. Kal. Dec.,

    id. Phil. 3, 8, 20:

    curandi tempus in annum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 39 et saep. — Poet.:

    tropaea in pueros suos,

    to reserve for, Prop. 4, 6, 82.—Rarely with ad:

    aliquid ad crudelitatis tempus,

    Cic. Vat. 11 fin.; cf. the foll.—
    (β).
    With acc. pers.:

    sin autem differs me in tempus aliud,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 10; Liv. 26, 51; 41, 8:

    differri non posse adeo concitatos animos,

    id. 7, 14:

    dilatus per frustrationem,

    id. 25, 25; cf.:

    aliquem variis frustrationibus,

    Just. 9, 6 fin.:

    Campanos,

    Liv. 26, 33:

    aliquem petentem,

    Suet. Vesp. 23 Ern.:

    caros amicos (opp. properare),

    Mart. 13, 55 et saep.— Poet.: vivacem anum, to preserve alive, i. e. to postpone her death, Ov. M. 13, 519; cf.:

    decimum dilatus in annum (belli) Hector erat,

    id. ib. 12, 76:

    aliquem in spem impetrandi tandem honoris,

    Liv. 39, 32:

    aliquem in septimum diem,

    Suet. Tib. 32; id. Caes. 82 Oud.; id. Aug. 44 fin. et saep.— Rarely with ad:

    legati ad novos magistratus dilati,

    Liv. 41, 8:

    aliquem ad finem muneris,

    Suet. Vit. 12:

    quas (legationes) par tim dato responso ex itinere dimisit, partim distulit Tarraconem,

    Liv. 26, 51.—Once with post:

    aliquid post bellum differre,

    Liv. 4, 6, 4.—
    (γ).
    Absol. Prov.: differ;

    habent parvae commoda magna morae,

    Ov. F. 3, 394.
    II.
    Neut., to differ, be different (esp. freq. since the Ciceron. period—cf.:

    discrepare, distare, interesse): qui re consentientes vocabulis differebant,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 2 fin.; cf.:

    naturis differunt, voluntate autem similes sunt,

    id. de Or. 2, 23: verbo [p. 575] differre, re esse unum, id. Caecin. 21, 59:

    distare aliquid aut ex aliqua parte differre,

    id. ib. 14:

    nihil aut non fere multum differre,

    id. Brut. 40 fin.:

    paulum differre,

    id. Agr. 2, 31, 85 et saep.:

    nec quicquam differre, utrumne... an, etc.,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 251; cf.:

    quid enim differt, barathrone Dones quicquid habes, an? etc.,

    id. ib. 166.—
    (β).
    With ab:

    ita ut pauxillum differat a cavillulis,

    Plaut. Truc. 3, 2, 18:

    quidnam esset illud, quo ipsi (poëtae) differrent ab oratoribus,

    Cic. Or. 19, 66; id. Off. 1, 27 fin.:

    quid hoc ab illo differt?

    id. Caecin. 14:

    non multum ab hostili expugnatione,

    id. de Imp. Pomp. 5 fin.:

    multum a Gallica consuetudine,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 14; cf. ib. 6, 21; 6, 28, 5:

    hoc fere ab reliquis differunt, quod, etc.,

    id. ib. 6, 18, 3 et saep.—
    (γ).
    With inter (esp. impers.):

    si nihil inter deum et deum differt,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 29, 80; id. Off. 1, 28, 99; id. Fin. 4, 25, 70:

    nequid inter privatum et magistratum differat,

    id. Rep. 1, 43:

    ut non multum differat inter summos et mediocres viros,

    id. Off. 2, 8, 30: multa sunt alia, quae inter locum et locum plurimum differunt (for which, shortly before, inter locorum naturas quantum intersit), id. Fat. 4:

    haec cogitatione inter se differunt, re quidem copulata sunt,

    id. Tusc. 4, 11: inter se aliqua re, id. Opt. gen. 2, 6; id. N. D. 1, 7, 16; Caes. B. G. 1, 1, 2; 6, 11, 1; Quint. 12, 10, 22; 34; 67 et saep.:

    quae quidem inter se plurimum differunt,

    id. 5, 14, 27.—
    (δ).
    Rarely with cum:

    occasio cum tempore hoc differt,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 27:

    hoc genus causae cum superiore hoc differt, quod, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 30, 92 Orell. N. cr.
    (ε).
    Likewise rarely, differre in aliqua re, Lucr. 3, 314; Nep. Ages. 7 fin.
    (ζ).
    Rarely, and only poet. or in post-Aug. prose, with dat.:

    quod pede certo Differt sermoni sermo merus,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 48:

    tragico differre colori,

    id. A. P. 236; Quint. 2, 21, 10; Plin. 9, 35, 54, § 107; cf. id. 9, 8, 7, § 23.—Hence, diffĕ-rens, entis, P. a., different, superior:

    differentius nomen,

    a more excellent name, Vulg. Heb. 1, 4; in Quintilian subst. n. (opp. proprium), a difference, Quint. 5, 10, 55; 58; 6, 3, 66; 7, 3, 3; 25 sq.—
    * Adv.: diffĕren-ter, differently, Sol. 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > differo

  • 60 discedo

    dis-cēdo, cessi, cessum, 3 ( perf. sync. discesti, Plaut. As. 2, 1, 3), v. n.
    I.
    (With the notion of dis predominating.)
    A.
    To part asunder, divide, separate (rare but class.; cf.: linquo, relinquo, desero, desum, destituo, deficio).
    1.
    Lit.:

    cum terra discessisset magnis quibusdam imbribus,

    Cic. Off. 3, 9:

    caelum,

    opens, id. Div. 1, 43, 97; 1, 44, 99, i. e. clears off, Verg. A. 9, 20 (this last is quoted in Sen. Q. N. 7, 20):

    sulcus vomere,

    Luc. 6, 382: VT SODALITATES DECVRIATIQVE DISCEDERENT, SC. ap. Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 5; cf.:

    cum discedere populum jussissent tribuni,

    Liv. 3, 11:

    populus ex contione,

    Sall. J. 34 fin.: armati in latitudinem, Sisenn. ap. Non. 99, 7:

    in duas partes,

    Sall. J. 13, 1:

    in partes,

    Tac. A. 1, 49; cf.:

    in manipulos,

    id. ib. 1, 34:

    fumus in auras,

    Lucr. 3, 436:

    ad semina rerum,

    id. 2, 833:

    palus multos discessit in amnes,

    Luc. 6, 360:

    citius paterer caput hoc discedere collo,

    Prop. 2, 6, 7.—
    2.
    Trop.:

    divisio in tres partes,

    Quint. 12, 10, 58:

    haec in duo genera,

    id. 3, 6, 86.—
    B.
    To part from one's connection with one, i. e. to leave, forsake, desert (rare but class.).—With a or ab: uxor a Dolabella discessit, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6:

    ab amicis in re publica peccantibus,

    Cic. Lael. 12, 42:

    ab amicis,

    id. ib. 20, 75:

    a nobis,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 60, 3:

    milites in itinere ab eo discedunt,

    id. ib. 1, 12, 2:

    a Perseo,

    Liv. 43, 6.
    II.
    (With the notion of cedere predominating.) To depart from any place or person, to go away from, to leave (cf.: proficiscor, abeo; so most frequently in all periods and sorts of composition).
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen.: constr. with ab, ex, or absol., rarely with de —With ab: cum discesti ab [p. 586] hero, atque abisti ad forum, Plaut. As. 2, 1, 3;

    so with abire,

    id. ib. 3, 3, 13; Cic. Att. 7, 2 fin.:

    quod legati eorum paulo ante a Caesare discesserant,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 12, 1:

    ab suis,

    id. ib. 5, 3, 6:

    ab exercitu,

    id. ib. 7, 9, 1; id. B. C. 1, 9, 3 et saep.:

    a senis latere numquam,

    Cic. Lael. 1, 1:

    a vallo,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 37, 3:

    ab loco,

    id. ib. 5, 34, 1:

    a litore,

    id. ib. 5, 8 fin. et saep.—With ex:

    non modo illum e Gallia non discessisse, sed ne a Mutina quidem recessisse,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 7, 21:

    ex contione,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 33, 2:

    e medio,

    Suet. Caes. 1:

    e patria,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 85 et saep.—With de:

    de foro,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65, § 147; 2, 4, 22, § 49; id. Rosc. Am. 29, 79:

    de colloquio,

    Liv. 32, 40.—With abl. without a prep.:

    templo,

    Ov. M. 1, 381:

    finibus Ausoniae,

    id. Tr. 1, 3, 5:

    lecto,

    id. H. 1, 81:

    Tarracone,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 21, 5:

    Capua,

    Cic. Att. 7, 21.— Absol.:

    ille discessit, ego somno solutus sum,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 26 fin.;

    so,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 39, 3; id. B. C. 1, 22 fin.; Hor. S. 1, 9, 8 et saep.— Pass. impers.:

    ne longius ab agmine discedi pateretur,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 19, 3:

    ab concilio disceditur,

    id. ib. 7, 2 fin.:

    de colloquio discessum,

    Liv. 32, 40; Caes. B. C. 3, 87 fin.; Tac. A. 6, 44 fin.
    b.
    Designating the term. ad quem, to go away to any place:

    in silvas,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 39, 2:

    ex fuga in civitates,

    id. ib. 7, 88 fin.:

    in castra,

    id. B. C. 1, 83, 3:

    in proximos colles,

    Sall. J. 54 fin.:

    in loca occulta,

    id. ib. 56, 3:

    ad urbem,

    Verg. A. 12, 184 et saep.:

    Capreas,

    Tac. A. 6, 20:

    ex castris domum,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 7, 5; cf.

    simply domum,

    id. B. C. 1, 13, 3; 3, 87, 3:

    domos suas,

    Nep. Them. 4, 2 al.:

    cubitum,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 10.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    In milit. lang., to march off, march away, decamp:

    discessit a Brundisio obsessionemque nostrorum omisit,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 24 fin.:

    ab Gergovia,

    id. B. G. 7, 43 fin.:

    a mari Dyrrhachioque,

    id. B. C. 3, 44, 1:

    ab Zama,

    Sall. J. 61 al.:

    ex ea parte vici,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 2, 1:

    ex hibernis,

    id. ib. 5, 28, 3:

    ex eo loco,

    id. B. C. 3, 30, 7; cf.:

    ex iis locis cum classe,

    id. ib. 3, 101 fin.:

    Tarracone,

    id. ib. 2, 21, 5 et saep.:

    dispersi ac dissipati discedunt,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 58, 3; so absol., id. ib. 5, 53 fin.; 6, 33, 4 et saep.;

    so milit.: discedere ab signis,

    to quit the standard, leave the order of battle, Caes. B. G. 5, 16, 1; id. B. C. 1, 44, 4; Liv. 25, 20:

    qui discedere et abire cœptabant,

    i. e. to break ranks and go away, Suet. Oth. 11; cf.: ab ordinibus signisque Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3:

    ab armis,

    to lay down one's arms, Caes. B. G. 5, 41, 8; id. B. C. 1, 9, 5; Sall. C. 34, 1; Cic. Phil. 8, 11, 33; Liv. 9, 14 al.—
    b.
    Also in milit. lang., to get away, come away, come off in any manner from the battle (victorious, conquered, wounded, etc.); and sometimes to be translated simply to become, to be, etc.:

    superiores,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 47, 1; so,

    superior,

    Sall. C. 39, 4:

    victor,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 47, 6; cf.:

    victor ab hoste,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 37:

    victus,

    to be conquered, Sall. C. 49, 2:

    graviter vulneratus,

    id. ib. 61, 7 et saep.:

    aequo proelio,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 112, 7; cf.:

    aequa manu,

    Sall. C. 39, 4:

    aequo Marte cum Volscis,

    Liv. 2, 40:

    sine detrimento,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 46, 6 et saep.— Pass. impers.:

    a proelio disceditur,

    Just. 6, 7, 12.—
    (β).
    Transf. beyond the milit. sphere (freq. into the judicial sphere, on account of its analogy to the former):

    ut spoliis Sexti Roscii hoc judicio ornati auctique discedant,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 3 fin.:

    superiorem,

    id. Caecin. 1, 2; so,

    liberatus,

    Nep. Phoc. 2, 3:

    omnium judicio probatus,

    Cic. Brut. 64, 229:

    impunita (tanta injuria),

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 30 et saep.:

    discessisses non male,

    Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 70; cf.:

    pulchre et probe et praeter spem,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 58:

    aut cum summa gloria aut sine molestia,

    Cic. Att. 2, 21 fin.; cf.:

    a judicio capitis maximā gloriā,

    Nep. Epam. 8 fin.:

    ita tum discedo ab illo, ut qui se filiam Neget daturum,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 121; cf.:

    si possum discedere, ne causa optima in senatu pereat,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 16 fin.
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    In gen., to depart, deviate, swerve from; to leave, forsake, give up:

    nihil a statu naturae, nihil a dignitate sapientis,

    Cic. Off. 1, 20, 67:

    a fide justitiaque,

    id. ib. 3, 20, 79:

    longe ab consuetudine mea et cautione ac diligentia,

    id. Font. 1, 2:

    a constantia atque a mente, atque a se ipse,

    id. Div. 2, 55, 114; cf.:

    a se,

    id. Brut. 79, 273; id. Fin. 5, 11, 33; 4, 5, 41; id. Tusc. 4, 6, 11: a recta conscientia, Att. ap. Cic. Att. 13, 20:

    a sua sententia,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 2, 5: ab officio, id. B. G. 1, 40, 3:

    ab oppugnatione castrorum,

    id. B. C. 2, 31, 3 et saep.:

    a judiciisque causisque,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 144:

    a litteris,

    id. Fam. 9, 26:

    ab illa acerrima contentione,

    id. Or. 31:

    ab illa cavillatione,

    Quint. 12, 2, 14:

    a suscepta semel persuasione,

    id. 12, 2, 26 et saep.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    Pregn., to pass away, to vanish, to cease (very rarely):

    modo audivi, quartanam a te discessisse,

    had left you, Cic. Att. 8, 6:

    ex animo memoria alicujus,

    id. Rep. 6, 9: hostibus spes potiundi oppidi discessit (opp. studium propugnandi accessit), Caes. B. G. 2, 7, 2:

    ubi hae sollicitudines discessere,

    Liv. 4, 52 fin.
    b.
    In alicujus sententiam, in polit. lang., to pass or go over to another's opinion, Sall. C. 55, 1; Liv. 3, 41; 28, 45; cf.

    the opp., in alia omnia,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 12, 3 (v. alius). In like manner:

    decurritur ad illud extremum atque ultimum SC., quo nisi paene in ipso urbis incendio... numquam ante discessum est,

    which had never before been resorted to, Caes. B. C. 1, 5, 3;

    so perh.: ex oratione Caesaris... hanc in opinionem discessi, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 14 fin.
    c.
    Ab aliquo, in Cicero's letters in the sense of to leave out of consideration, i. e. to except:

    cum a vobis meae salutis auctoribus discesserim, neminem esse, cujus officiis me tam esse devinctum confitear,

    if I except you, you excepted, Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 18:

    ut cum ab illo discesserint, me habeant proximum,

    id. ib. 6, 12, 2:

    amoris erga me, cum a fraterno amore domesticoque discessi, tibi primas defero,

    id. Att. 1, 17, 5.
    Once in the part.
    perf.: custodibus discessis, Cael. ap. Prisc. p. 869 P.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > discedo

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