i+fear+not

עֲנָוָהII f. (b. h.; עָנָה II) humility, lowliness, meekness, kindness. Sot.IX, 15 (49a) משמת רבי בטלה ע׳וכ׳ with Rabbis death ceased humility and fear of sin. Ib. 49b לא תיתני ע׳ דאיכא אנא do not read (in the Mishnah) ‘humility, for there am I (striving after it). Arakh.16b ע׳ שלא לשמה humility not for its own sake (e. g. you forbear to rebuke a friend, making yourself believe that you are unworthy to do so, whereas in fact you only fear to incur your friends ill will). Y.Shek.II, end, 47c קדושה מביאה לידי ע׳ ע׳ מביאה לידי יראת חטא holiness leads to meekness, meekness leads to fear of sin; Ab. Zar.20b. Ib. ע׳ גדולה מכולן humility is the greatest virtue of all. Ab. dR. N. ch. VII למד בני ביתך ע׳ (not למוד) train the members of thy household to be kind (to strangers). Der. Er. Zutta, ch. V הדר חכמה ע׳ הדר ע׳ יראה the beauty of wisdom is modesty, the beauty of modesty is fear of sin. Tanḥ. Bresh. 1; Y.Sabb.I, 3c top, a. e., v. סוּלְיָיס; a. fr.

עֲנָוָהII f. (b. h.; עָנָה II) humility, lowliness, meekness, kindness. Sot.IX, 15 (49a) משמת רבי בטלה ע׳וכ׳ with Rabbis death ceased humility and fear of sin. Ib. 49b לא תיתני ע׳ דאיכא אנא do not read (in the Mishnah) ‘humility, for there am I (striving after it). Arakh.16b ע׳ שלא לשמה humility not for its own sake (e. g. you forbear to rebuke a friend, making yourself believe that you are unworthy to do so, whereas in fact you only fear to incur your friends ill will). Y.Shek.II, end, 47c קדושה מביאה לידי ע׳ ע׳ מביאה לידי יראת חטא holiness leads to meekness, meekness leads to fear of sin; Ab. Zar.20b. Ib. ע׳ גדולה מכולן humility is the greatest virtue of all. Ab. dR. N. ch. VII למד בני ביתך ע׳ (not למוד) train the members of thy household to be kind (to strangers). Der. Er. Zutta, ch. V הדר חכמה ע׳ הדר ע׳ יראה the beauty of wisdom is modesty, the beauty of modesty is fear of sin. Tanḥ. Bresh. 1; Y.Sabb.I, 3c top, a. e., v. סוּלְיָיס; a. fr.

יָרֵא(b. h.) to tremble, fear; to revere; to shun. Sabb.88a (ref. to Ps. 76:9) אם יָרְאָהוכ׳ if she (the earth) trembled, how could she be at rest, ?Ber.16b ליִרְאָה את שמך so as to fear thy name.(Usu. as participle or adjective) יָרֵא m. Ned.8b (ref. to Mal. 3:20) אלו … שהן יְרֵאִין להוציאוכ׳ who are afraid to utter the name of the Lord in vain.יְרֵא חֵטא shunning sin, of careful conduct, conscientious. Ab. II, 5. Ib. 8; a. fr.יְרֵא שָׁמַיִם God-fearing, pious. Ber.8a גדול … יותר מי׳ ש׳ he who lives on the (honest) labor of his hand, stands higher than the pious man. Succ.49b, v. יָרַע; a. fr. Fem. יְרֵאָה, constr. יְרֵאַת. Lam. R. to II, 13 (play on י̇ר̇ושל̇ם̇) הבת שי̇ר̇אה ומשול̇מ̇ת לי the daughter that fears (me) and is at peace with me. Ib. כשאת יְרֵיאָה את מושלמת לי Ar. (missing in ed.) when thou art God-fearing, thou art at peace with me. Yeb.62b.Part. pass. יָראוּי. Ber.33b; Meg.25a Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). Nif. נוֹרָא, fut. יִוָּרֵא to be feared. Koh. R. to IX, 7; Pesik. Ulkaḥ., p. 183b>, a. e. למען תִּוָּרֵאוכ׳ (Ps. 130:4) ‘in order that thou mayest be feared, that the fear of thee be put on mankind.Part. נוֹרָא fearful, awe-inspiring. Ber. l. c. Yoma 69b לא אמר נ׳ Jeremiah did not say nora (only gadol a. gibbor, Jer. 32:18). Fem. pl. ניֹרָאוֹת awe-inspiring deeds. Ib. אתא … נכרים … איה נוֹרְאוֹתָיו came Jeremiah and said, Strangers dance on His temple ruins, where are His awful deeds?; Y.Ber.VII, 11c. Ib. לזה נאה לקרות נורא בנ׳וכ׳ (Daniel said) Him it is becoming to call awe-inspiring for the awful deeds He performed for us ; Midr. Till. to Ps. 19; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְיָירֵא, Nithpa. נִתְיָירֵא 1) to be feared, revered. Zeb.115b (ref. to Ps. 68:36) בשעה … מִתְיָירֵא ומתעלהוכ׳ when the Lord executes judgment on His saints, He is feared and praised ; Yalk. Lev. 525. 2) to be afraid. Ber.61b אי אתה מתי׳ מפניוכ׳ art thou not afraid of the (Roman) government?Midr. Till. l. c. שנכנסו … וכא נִתְיָירְאוּ the enemy entered His house and were not afraid (of the Lord). Ex. R. s. 29 אם המטרונה מִתְיָירֵאתוכ׳ if the queen is afraid, what shall the servants … do?; a. fr.

יָרֵא(b. h.) to tremble, fear; to revere; to shun. Sabb.88a (ref. to Ps. 76:9) אם יָרְאָהוכ׳ if she (the earth) trembled, how could she be at rest, ?Ber.16b ליִרְאָה את שמך so as to fear thy name.(Usu. as participle or adjective) יָרֵא m. Ned.8b (ref. to Mal. 3:20) אלו … שהן יְרֵאִין להוציאוכ׳ who are afraid to utter the name of the Lord in vain.יְרֵא חֵטא shunning sin, of careful conduct, conscientious. Ab. II, 5. Ib. 8; a. fr.יְרֵא שָׁמַיִם God-fearing, pious. Ber.8a גדול … יותר מי׳ ש׳ he who lives on the (honest) labor of his hand, stands higher than the pious man. Succ.49b, v. יָרַע; a. fr. Fem. יְרֵאָה, constr. יְרֵאַת. Lam. R. to II, 13 (play on י̇ר̇ושל̇ם̇) הבת שי̇ר̇אה ומשול̇מ̇ת לי the daughter that fears (me) and is at peace with me. Ib. כשאת יְרֵיאָה את מושלמת לי Ar. (missing in ed.) when thou art God-fearing, thou art at peace with me. Yeb.62b.Part. pass. יָראוּי. Ber.33b; Meg.25a Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note). Nif. נוֹרָא, fut. יִוָּרֵא to be feared. Koh. R. to IX, 7; Pesik. Ulkaḥ., p. 183b>, a. e. למען תִּוָּרֵאוכ׳ (Ps. 130:4) ‘in order that thou mayest be feared, that the fear of thee be put on mankind.Part. נוֹרָא fearful, awe-inspiring. Ber. l. c. Yoma 69b לא אמר נ׳ Jeremiah did not say nora (only gadol a. gibbor, Jer. 32:18). Fem. pl. ניֹרָאוֹת awe-inspiring deeds. Ib. אתא … נכרים … איה נוֹרְאוֹתָיו came Jeremiah and said, Strangers dance on His temple ruins, where are His awful deeds?; Y.Ber.VII, 11c. Ib. לזה נאה לקרות נורא בנ׳וכ׳ (Daniel said) Him it is becoming to call awe-inspiring for the awful deeds He performed for us ; Midr. Till. to Ps. 19; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְיָירֵא, Nithpa. נִתְיָירֵא 1) to be feared, revered. Zeb.115b (ref. to Ps. 68:36) בשעה … מִתְיָירֵא ומתעלהוכ׳ when the Lord executes judgment on His saints, He is feared and praised ; Yalk. Lev. 525. 2) to be afraid. Ber.61b אי אתה מתי׳ מפניוכ׳ art thou not afraid of the (Roman) government?Midr. Till. l. c. שנכנסו … וכא נִתְיָירְאוּ the enemy entered His house and were not afraid (of the Lord). Ex. R. s. 29 אם המטרונה מִתְיָירֵאתוכ׳ if the queen is afraid, what shall the servants … do?; a. fr.

מוֹרָאI c. (b. h.; יָרֵא) fear, reverence. Ab. I, 3, a. fr. מ׳ שמים the fear of the Lord. Ber.28b שתהא מ׳ שמים עליכם כמ׳ ב״וד (Ms. M. שיהא) that your fear of the Lord be as great as the fear of man (before whom you hide yourselves when you want to do wrong). Kidd.31a הקדיםהקב״ה מ׳ האם למ׳ האב the Lord (the Bible text) places the reverence due to the mother before that due to the father (Lev. 19:3). Ib.b איזהו מ׳ whereby is filial reverence shown?; Sifra Kdosh., beg. איזו היא מ׳. Ab. III, 2 שאלמלא מוֹרָאָהּוכ׳ but for the fear of it (the secular government) ; a. fr.Fem. form מוֹרְאָה, constr. מוֹרְאַת. Kidd.30b. Num. R. s. 15 מורא זו … מ׳ הרב this ‘fear (Koh. 8:13), we know not what it refers to; but on reading … (Lev. 19:32) we learn that it means the reverence due to ones teacher. Ib. הרי מ׳ רבית ומ׳ משקלות there is also the warning to fear the Lord attached to the prohibition of usury (Lev. 25:36) and of false weights (ib. 19:36).Naz.IX, 5, v. מוֹרָה II.(Yalk. Sam. 78 מה הדין מ׳ … חדין מ׳, read: סירא … סערא, v. Midr. Sam. ch. 2.

מוֹרָאI c. (b. h.; יָרֵא) fear, reverence. Ab. I, 3, a. fr. מ׳ שמים the fear of the Lord. Ber.28b שתהא מ׳ שמים עליכם כמ׳ ב״וד (Ms. M. שיהא) that your fear of the Lord be as great as the fear of man (before whom you hide yourselves when you want to do wrong). Kidd.31a הקדיםהקב״ה מ׳ האם למ׳ האב the Lord (the Bible text) places the reverence due to the mother before that due to the father (Lev. 19:3). Ib.b איזהו מ׳ whereby is filial reverence shown?; Sifra Kdosh., beg. איזו היא מ׳. Ab. III, 2 שאלמלא מוֹרָאָהּוכ׳ but for the fear of it (the secular government) ; a. fr.Fem. form מוֹרְאָה, constr. מוֹרְאַת. Kidd.30b. Num. R. s. 15 מורא זו … מ׳ הרב this ‘fear (Koh. 8:13), we know not what it refers to; but on reading … (Lev. 19:32) we learn that it means the reverence due to ones teacher. Ib. הרי מ׳ רבית ומ׳ משקלות there is also the warning to fear the Lord attached to the prohibition of usury (Lev. 25:36) and of false weights (ib. 19:36).Naz.IX, 5, v. מוֹרָה II.(Yalk. Sam. 78 מה הדין מ׳ … חדין מ׳, read: סירא … סערא, v. Midr. Sam. ch. 2.

חִיתִּית, חִתִּ׳(b. h. = חתתית; חָתַת) being broken, subdued; esp. dread inspired by superiors, fear. Gen. R. s. 34 (ref. to Gen. 9:2, compared with 1:28) מורא וח׳ חזרו (not וחתות) the fear and dread (of man) were restored (after the deluge), but subjection was not. R. Hash. 17a (applying Ez. 32:24 sq.) שנתנו חִיתִּיתָםוכ׳ those (leaders) who tyrannize the land of the living.Lev. R. s. 18; Koh. R. to XII, 5 (ref. to חתחתים, ib.) (read:) חִיתִּיתָהּ של דרךוכ׳ the dread of travelling befalls him.

חִיתִּית, חִתִּ׳(b. h. = חתתית; חָתַת) being broken, subdued; esp. dread inspired by superiors, fear. Gen. R. s. 34 (ref. to Gen. 9:2, compared with 1:28) מורא וח׳ חזרו (not וחתות) the fear and dread (of man) were restored (after the deluge), but subjection was not. R. Hash. 17a (applying Ez. 32:24 sq.) שנתנו חִיתִּיתָםוכ׳ those (leaders) who tyrannize the land of the living.Lev. R. s. 18; Koh. R. to XII, 5 (ref. to חתחתים, ib.) (read:) חִיתִּיתָהּ של דרךוכ׳ the dread of travelling befalls him.

חִיתִּית, חִתִּ׳(b. h. = חתתית; חָתַת) being broken, subdued; esp. dread inspired by superiors, fear. Gen. R. s. 34 (ref. to Gen. 9:2, compared with 1:28) מורא וח׳ חזרו (not וחתות) the fear and dread (of man) were restored (after the deluge), but subjection was not. R. Hash. 17a (applying Ez. 32:24 sq.) שנתנו חִיתִּיתָםוכ׳ those (leaders) who tyrannize the land of the living.Lev. R. s. 18; Koh. R. to XII, 5 (ref. to חתחתים, ib.) (read:) חִיתִּיתָהּ של דרךוכ׳ the dread of travelling befalls him.

חִיתִּית, חִתִּ׳(b. h. = חתתית; חָתַת) being broken, subdued; esp. dread inspired by superiors, fear. Gen. R. s. 34 (ref. to Gen. 9:2, compared with 1:28) מורא וח׳ חזרו (not וחתות) the fear and dread (of man) were restored (after the deluge), but subjection was not. R. Hash. 17a (applying Ez. 32:24 sq.) שנתנו חִיתִּיתָםוכ׳ those (leaders) who tyrannize the land of the living.Lev. R. s. 18; Koh. R. to XII, 5 (ref. to חתחתים, ib.) (read:) חִיתִּיתָהּ של דרךוכ׳ the dread of travelling befalls him.

קָלַעII to twist, plait; (b. h. to form a raised figure, cmp. גָּדַל II). Yoma VI, 7 קְלָעָן, v. מַקֵּל. Sabb.64a עני קוֹלֵעַ שלשוכ׳ a poor man twists three threads and hangs the cord around his daughters neck. Y. ib. X, 12c bot. הקולע שלשוכ׳ he that plaits three strings of hair on a persons head. Tosef.Maasr.I, 6 היה עתיד לִקְלוֹעַ בשום ולאגודוכ׳ (ed. Zuck. ליקָּלֵעַ … וליאגד, Nif.) if the intention was about the garlic crop to plait, and about the onions to tie them in bunches, אינו חייב עד שיִקְלַע ויאגד he is not bound to give the tithes until he plaits or ties (or עד שיִקָּלֵעַ ויֵאָגֵד until the things are plaited or bunched); a. e.Trnsf. ( to weave a wreath, to adorn, praise. Midr. Till. to Ps. 92, end; Yalk. Ps. 846 הוא קוֹלֵעַ על יריאיו … קוֹלְעִים לווכ׳ he (God) praises those who fear him, and those who fear him praise him; you say (Ps. 92:16), and I say, (Zeph. 3:13) Pi. קִילֵּעַ 1) same. Num. R. s. 9 היא קִילְּעָה לווכ׳ (not קולעה) she plaited her hair to please him (her paramour), therefore the priest loosens her hair; Tosef.Sot.III, 3 ed. Zuck. note קלעה; a. e. 2) קִילְּעֶה or קִלְּעֶה (cmp. נתעלפה, s. v. עָלַף II) to plait a persons hair, dress, adorn (v. supra). Ber.61a; Koh. R. to VII, 2; Sabb.95a; Erub.18a; Nidd.45b; Koh. R. to VII, 2 (ref. to ויבן, Gen. 2:22) מלמד שקילעההקב״ה לחוהוכ׳ this intimates that the Lord dressed Eve, v. בִּנְיָיתָא. Y.Snh.II, 20a bot. (ref. to 2 Sam. 20:3 ויכלכל, v. כִּלְכֵּל) מלמד שהיה דוד מְקַלַּעֲתָןוכ׳ this teaches that David had them dressed and adorned and made them come before him every day, and said to his evil inclination Nif. נִקְלַע to be plaited, v. supra.

קָלַעII to twist, plait; (b. h. to form a raised figure, cmp. גָּדַל II). Yoma VI, 7 קְלָעָן, v. מַקֵּל. Sabb.64a עני קוֹלֵעַ שלשוכ׳ a poor man twists three threads and hangs the cord around his daughters neck. Y. ib. X, 12c bot. הקולע שלשוכ׳ he that plaits three strings of hair on a persons head. Tosef.Maasr.I, 6 היה עתיד לִקְלוֹעַ בשום ולאגודוכ׳ (ed. Zuck. ליקָּלֵעַ … וליאגד, Nif.) if the intention was about the garlic crop to plait, and about the onions to tie them in bunches, אינו חייב עד שיִקְלַע ויאגד he is not bound to give the tithes until he plaits or ties (or עד שיִקָּלֵעַ ויֵאָגֵד until the things are plaited or bunched); a. e.Trnsf. ( to weave a wreath, to adorn, praise. Midr. Till. to Ps. 92, end; Yalk. Ps. 846 הוא קוֹלֵעַ על יריאיו … קוֹלְעִים לווכ׳ he (God) praises those who fear him, and those who fear him praise him; you say (Ps. 92:16), and I say, (Zeph. 3:13) Pi. קִילֵּעַ 1) same. Num. R. s. 9 היא קִילְּעָה לווכ׳ (not קולעה) she plaited her hair to please him (her paramour), therefore the priest loosens her hair; Tosef.Sot.III, 3 ed. Zuck. note קלעה; a. e. 2) קִילְּעֶה or קִלְּעֶה (cmp. נתעלפה, s. v. עָלַף II) to plait a persons hair, dress, adorn (v. supra). Ber.61a; Koh. R. to VII, 2; Sabb.95a; Erub.18a; Nidd.45b; Koh. R. to VII, 2 (ref. to ויבן, Gen. 2:22) מלמד שקילעההקב״ה לחוהוכ׳ this intimates that the Lord dressed Eve, v. בִּנְיָיתָא. Y.Snh.II, 20a bot. (ref. to 2 Sam. 20:3 ויכלכל, v. כִּלְכֵּל) מלמד שהיה דוד מְקַלַּעֲתָןוכ׳ this teaches that David had them dressed and adorned and made them come before him every day, and said to his evil inclination Nif. נִקְלַע to be plaited, v. supra.

כָּבַש(b. h.; cmp. כָּבַס) 1) to press, squeeze. Ohol. VIII, 5 כ׳ את האבןוכ׳ if one pressed a stone on (weighted) the sheet. Bets.23b שהיא כּוֹבֶשֶׂת because it (the wagon) presses (the ground) down. Sabb.XX, 5 לא כוֹבְשִׁין you must not screw down, v. מַכְבֵּש; a. fr.Part. pass. כָּביּש, f. כְּבוּשָׁה pressed, compressed; pressing. Ib. 135a; Tosef. ib. XV (XVI), 9; a. e. ערלה כ׳ היא the foreskin (which seems to be wanting) is pressed (to the membrum). Tosef.Ohol.IX, 4 כאילו אבנים כְּבוּשוֹתוכ׳ as if stones were placed tightly upon them. Ex. R. s. 15 ההר … כְּבוּשִׁין עלוכ׳ a mountain on each side pressing upon (preventing the run of) the springs; a. fr. 2) כ׳ פנים (בקרקע) to press the face into the ground, to hide ones self in fear or shame. Snh.19b כָּבְשוּ פניהם בקרקע they cast their looks down (were afraid to give an opinion). Y. ib. X, 27d (ref. to Is. 7:3) א״ת כובס אלא כּוֹבֵש שהיה כובש פניווכ׳ read not kobes, but kobesh, for he hid his face and fled before him; (Bab. ib. 104a דכבשינהו לאפי Chald.). 3) to press vegetables, meat ; to preserve, pickle. Toh. II, 1 האשה … כּוֹבֶשֶׁתוכ׳ if a woman was pressing vegetables in a pot. Ukts. II, 1 זתים שכְּבָשָׂןוכ׳ olives which one pressed with their leaves; a. fr.Part. pass. כָּביּש preserved substance, pickle. Ḥull97b, a. fr. כ׳ הרי הוא כמבושל preserved substances are in ritual law like cooked.Pl. כְּבוּשִׁין. Pes.II, 6. Y.Sabb.I, 3c bot. כְּבוּשֵׁיהֶן preserves made by gentiles; a. fr. 4) Trnsf. to store, hide. Ḥag.13a (ref. to Prov. 27:26) א״ת כבשים אלא כְּברּשִׁים Ms. M. (missing in ed.; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) read not Kbasim (sheep) but Kbushim (hidden things), v. כִּבְשָׁן; Yalk. Prov. 961.Sot.10b; Macc.23b (ref. to Gen. 38:25) יצאת … ממני יצאו כבושים a divine voice went forth and said, ‘from me went forth the secret things (I declare that Judah is the father of Tamars children; Ar.: ממני היו הדברים כ׳, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 6); Yalk. Gen. 145; Yalk. 1 Sam. 112. 5) to detain (cmp. עצר). Pesik. Bayom, p. 193b>; כָּבְשָׁה אותם מטרונאוכ׳ the matron detained them one day longer; כבשה אותן התורחוכ׳ the Law detained them one day longer (before the Lord); ib. 195a>, sq.; Pesik. R. suppl., s. 4. Gen. R. s. 8, end האיש כּיֹבֵשוכ׳ the man detains his wife from going out; a. e. 6) to suppress, restrain, conquer. Snh.XI, 5 (89a) הכּוֹבֵש את נבואתו (a prophet) who suppresses his prophecy (being afraid to proclaim it). Ab. IV, 1 הכיבש את יצרו who conquers his passion. Lam. R. to V, 1 כובש את הגדול (not כביש), v. זַרְזִיר I. Y.Succ.V, 55b top עד שאתה מְכַבֵּש … בוא וכְבוֹשוכ׳ instead of conquering the barbarians, come and subdue the Jews; Lam. R. to I, 16; ib. to IV, 19. Ex. R. s. 25 הוא כוֹבְשוֹוכ׳ he suppresses (withholds the evidence) and does not produce it.כ׳ עון to suppress guilt, to forgive, cause forgiveness. Pesik. Eth Korb, p. 61b>; Pesik. R. s. 16, v. כֶּבֶש; a. fr.7) to violate. Esth. R. to VII, 7 (read:) הרי הוא כּוֹבְשֵׁנִיוכ׳ behold, he is attacking me in thy presence.8) to pave, grade a road.Part. pass. כָּבוּש, f. כְּבוּשָׁה. Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 20 דרך כ׳ graded road; ib. ed. Bub. 47; Yalk. Num. 764. (Pirké dR. El. ch. 52 כובשים במזלות, read with Yalk. Josh. 22: חושבים; Yalk. Gen. 77 רוגשים. Pi. כִּיבֵּש 1) to press, squeeze.Part. pass. מְכוּבָּש, pl. מְכוּבָּשִׁים. Tosef.Mikv.VI (VII), 17 לכלוכי צואה … המ׳ (ed. Zuck. והמכושים, corr. acc.) secretory substances … which are compressed, i. e. dried up by being sat upon. 2) (cmp. סָלַל II) to press down, make even, grade. Bets.IV, 5 מְכַבְּשִׁין you may press the ashes down (make a graded surface for baking); a. e.Trnsf. to level, make plain. Cant. R. to I, 2 (play on כבשים, Prov. 28:26, v. כֶּבֶש) כְּבָשִׁים … תהי׳ מְכַבֵּש לפניהםוכ׳ it may be read Kbashim ( grades), as long as thy pupils are young, make the words of the Law plain before them; when they are older reveal to them the secrets (reasons) of the Law; Yalk. ib. 985 הֱיֵה כוֹבֵש לפניהם (another expl., v. infra).כ׳ את הריחיים ( to carve steps for the grain, to put the millstones in working order. M. Kat. I, 9; expl. ib. 10a to sharpen the millstones (v. נָקַר I), (oth. opin.) to cut the hole out for the hopper. 3) (interch. with Kal) to conquer, defeat. Y.Peah VII, 20c top שבע שכִּיבְּשוּ seven years during which they were engaged in conquering the land; Ḥull.17a שכבשו. Sifré Deut. 51 לכַבֵּשח״ל עד שלא יְכַבְּשוּוכ׳ to conquer foreign land before they shall have conquered Palestine. Pes.5b נכרי שכִּיבַּשְׁתּוֹ a gentile who is in thy power. Yeb.65b (ref. to וכבשח, Gen. 1:28) איש דרכו לכַבֵּשוכ׳ it is man who conquers (the earth) but not woman; Kidd.35a; a. fr. 4) to suppress, withhold. Cant. R. l. c. תהי׳ מכבש לפניהםוכ׳ withhold from them, i. e. teach them merely the words of the Law without arguments; (another expl., v. supra). 5) (denom. of כֶּבֶש) to storm, climb over. Tosef.Sot.VI, 6 מכבש את הגנותוכ׳ climbing over the garden fences and violating the women; Gen. R. s. 53; Yalk. Gen. 94 מַכְבִּיש Hif. Nif. נִכְבַּש 1) to be pressed down, suppressed. Pesik. Eth. Korb. p. 61b> כל דבר שהוא נ׳ סופו לצוף whatever is pressed down, is liable to come to the surface again; Pesik. R. s. 16. 2) to be submissive. Midr. Till. to Ps. 30, end when scholars sit down ונִכְבָּשִׁין אלו לאלו and are submissive (respectful) to one another; (Sabb.63a ונוחין). 3) to have surreptitious intercourse. Sifra Emor, Par. 6, ch. V נ׳ עם; Yeb.VII, 5 to נ׳ על. Hif. הִכְכִּיש to climb, v. supra. Hithpa. הִתְכַּבֵּש, Nithpa. נִתְכַּבֵּש to be conquered, be taken. Y.Shebi.VI, 36c bot. כמי שנִתְכַּבְּשוּ they are to be treated as if they had been subdued (in the days of Joshua). Ib. שמא נִתְכַּבְּשָׁהמד״ת perhaps it was to be taken by the command of the Law; Y. Yeb.VII, 8a bot. (corr. acc.). Ex. R. s. 18 עכשיו … מִתְכַּבֶּשֶׁת בידו just now Jerusalem may be taken by him (Sennacherib). (Pesik. Zutr., Ekeb, ed. Bub. p. 30 מתכבשים, מתכבשות, v. כָּתַש.

כָּבַש(b. h.; cmp. כָּבַס) 1) to press, squeeze. Ohol. VIII, 5 כ׳ את האבןוכ׳ if one pressed a stone on (weighted) the sheet. Bets.23b שהיא כּוֹבֶשֶׂת because it (the wagon) presses (the ground) down. Sabb.XX, 5 לא כוֹבְשִׁין you must not screw down, v. מַכְבֵּש; a. fr.Part. pass. כָּביּש, f. כְּבוּשָׁה pressed, compressed; pressing. Ib. 135a; Tosef. ib. XV (XVI), 9; a. e. ערלה כ׳ היא the foreskin (which seems to be wanting) is pressed (to the membrum). Tosef.Ohol.IX, 4 כאילו אבנים כְּבוּשוֹתוכ׳ as if stones were placed tightly upon them. Ex. R. s. 15 ההר … כְּבוּשִׁין עלוכ׳ a mountain on each side pressing upon (preventing the run of) the springs; a. fr. 2) כ׳ פנים (בקרקע) to press the face into the ground, to hide ones self in fear or shame. Snh.19b כָּבְשוּ פניהם בקרקע they cast their looks down (were afraid to give an opinion). Y. ib. X, 27d (ref. to Is. 7:3) א״ת כובס אלא כּוֹבֵש שהיה כובש פניווכ׳ read not kobes, but kobesh, for he hid his face and fled before him; (Bab. ib. 104a דכבשינהו לאפי Chald.). 3) to press vegetables, meat ; to preserve, pickle. Toh. II, 1 האשה … כּוֹבֶשֶׁתוכ׳ if a woman was pressing vegetables in a pot. Ukts. II, 1 זתים שכְּבָשָׂןוכ׳ olives which one pressed with their leaves; a. fr.Part. pass. כָּביּש preserved substance, pickle. Ḥull97b, a. fr. כ׳ הרי הוא כמבושל preserved substances are in ritual law like cooked.Pl. כְּבוּשִׁין. Pes.II, 6. Y.Sabb.I, 3c bot. כְּבוּשֵׁיהֶן preserves made by gentiles; a. fr. 4) Trnsf. to store, hide. Ḥag.13a (ref. to Prov. 27:26) א״ת כבשים אלא כְּברּשִׁים Ms. M. (missing in ed.; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) read not Kbasim (sheep) but Kbushim (hidden things), v. כִּבְשָׁן; Yalk. Prov. 961.Sot.10b; Macc.23b (ref. to Gen. 38:25) יצאת … ממני יצאו כבושים a divine voice went forth and said, ‘from me went forth the secret things (I declare that Judah is the father of Tamars children; Ar.: ממני היו הדברים כ׳, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 6); Yalk. Gen. 145; Yalk. 1 Sam. 112. 5) to detain (cmp. עצר). Pesik. Bayom, p. 193b>; כָּבְשָׁה אותם מטרונאוכ׳ the matron detained them one day longer; כבשה אותן התורחוכ׳ the Law detained them one day longer (before the Lord); ib. 195a>, sq.; Pesik. R. suppl., s. 4. Gen. R. s. 8, end האיש כּיֹבֵשוכ׳ the man detains his wife from going out; a. e. 6) to suppress, restrain, conquer. Snh.XI, 5 (89a) הכּוֹבֵש את נבואתו (a prophet) who suppresses his prophecy (being afraid to proclaim it). Ab. IV, 1 הכיבש את יצרו who conquers his passion. Lam. R. to V, 1 כובש את הגדול (not כביש), v. זַרְזִיר I. Y.Succ.V, 55b top עד שאתה מְכַבֵּש … בוא וכְבוֹשוכ׳ instead of conquering the barbarians, come and subdue the Jews; Lam. R. to I, 16; ib. to IV, 19. Ex. R. s. 25 הוא כוֹבְשוֹוכ׳ he suppresses (withholds the evidence) and does not produce it.כ׳ עון to suppress guilt, to forgive, cause forgiveness. Pesik. Eth Korb, p. 61b>; Pesik. R. s. 16, v. כֶּבֶש; a. fr.7) to violate. Esth. R. to VII, 7 (read:) הרי הוא כּוֹבְשֵׁנִיוכ׳ behold, he is attacking me in thy presence.8) to pave, grade a road.Part. pass. כָּבוּש, f. כְּבוּשָׁה. Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 20 דרך כ׳ graded road; ib. ed. Bub. 47; Yalk. Num. 764. (Pirké dR. El. ch. 52 כובשים במזלות, read with Yalk. Josh. 22: חושבים; Yalk. Gen. 77 רוגשים. Pi. כִּיבֵּש 1) to press, squeeze.Part. pass. מְכוּבָּש, pl. מְכוּבָּשִׁים. Tosef.Mikv.VI (VII), 17 לכלוכי צואה … המ׳ (ed. Zuck. והמכושים, corr. acc.) secretory substances … which are compressed, i. e. dried up by being sat upon. 2) (cmp. סָלַל II) to press down, make even, grade. Bets.IV, 5 מְכַבְּשִׁין you may press the ashes down (make a graded surface for baking); a. e.Trnsf. to level, make plain. Cant. R. to I, 2 (play on כבשים, Prov. 28:26, v. כֶּבֶש) כְּבָשִׁים … תהי׳ מְכַבֵּש לפניהםוכ׳ it may be read Kbashim ( grades), as long as thy pupils are young, make the words of the Law plain before them; when they are older reveal to them the secrets (reasons) of the Law; Yalk. ib. 985 הֱיֵה כוֹבֵש לפניהם (another expl., v. infra).כ׳ את הריחיים ( to carve steps for the grain, to put the millstones in working order. M. Kat. I, 9; expl. ib. 10a to sharpen the millstones (v. נָקַר I), (oth. opin.) to cut the hole out for the hopper. 3) (interch. with Kal) to conquer, defeat. Y.Peah VII, 20c top שבע שכִּיבְּשוּ seven years during which they were engaged in conquering the land; Ḥull.17a שכבשו. Sifré Deut. 51 לכַבֵּשח״ל עד שלא יְכַבְּשוּוכ׳ to conquer foreign land before they shall have conquered Palestine. Pes.5b נכרי שכִּיבַּשְׁתּוֹ a gentile who is in thy power. Yeb.65b (ref. to וכבשח, Gen. 1:28) איש דרכו לכַבֵּשוכ׳ it is man who conquers (the earth) but not woman; Kidd.35a; a. fr. 4) to suppress, withhold. Cant. R. l. c. תהי׳ מכבש לפניהםוכ׳ withhold from them, i. e. teach them merely the words of the Law without arguments; (another expl., v. supra). 5) (denom. of כֶּבֶש) to storm, climb over. Tosef.Sot.VI, 6 מכבש את הגנותוכ׳ climbing over the garden fences and violating the women; Gen. R. s. 53; Yalk. Gen. 94 מַכְבִּיש Hif. Nif. נִכְבַּש 1) to be pressed down, suppressed. Pesik. Eth. Korb. p. 61b> כל דבר שהוא נ׳ סופו לצוף whatever is pressed down, is liable to come to the surface again; Pesik. R. s. 16. 2) to be submissive. Midr. Till. to Ps. 30, end when scholars sit down ונִכְבָּשִׁין אלו לאלו and are submissive (respectful) to one another; (Sabb.63a ונוחין). 3) to have surreptitious intercourse. Sifra Emor, Par. 6, ch. V נ׳ עם; Yeb.VII, 5 to נ׳ על. Hif. הִכְכִּיש to climb, v. supra. Hithpa. הִתְכַּבֵּש, Nithpa. נִתְכַּבֵּש to be conquered, be taken. Y.Shebi.VI, 36c bot. כמי שנִתְכַּבְּשוּ they are to be treated as if they had been subdued (in the days of Joshua). Ib. שמא נִתְכַּבְּשָׁהמד״ת perhaps it was to be taken by the command of the Law; Y. Yeb.VII, 8a bot. (corr. acc.). Ex. R. s. 18 עכשיו … מִתְכַּבֶּשֶׁת בידו just now Jerusalem may be taken by him (Sennacherib). (Pesik. Zutr., Ekeb, ed. Bub. p. 30 מתכבשים, מתכבשות, v. כָּתַש.

פָּרַק(b. h.) to break, separate; to untie, loosen; to unload. Sabb.138a וילין … ומותר לפוֹרְקוֹ it is permitted (on the Sabbath) to stretch a curtain and also to untie (remove) it. Ib. b top. Y.Shebi.III, beg.34c לא יִפְרוֹקוכ׳, v. מִשְׁפֶּלֶת (Ib. לא יַפְרִיק Hif., v. infra. Cant. R. to I, 5 טוענת ופוִרֶקֶת she loads (becomes pregnant) and unloads (delivers); a. fr.Trnsf. to redeem, deliver. Gen. R. s. 44 אני פוֹרְקָן I shall redeem them; a. e.פ׳ עול to untie the yoke, cast off an obligation. Ab. III, 5, v. עוֹל. Tosef.Sot.XIV, 4 פָּרְקוּ מהם עולוכ׳ they cast off the heavenly yoke, and made flesh and blood rule over them; a. fr.Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 25 אינן פּוֹרְקִין יראה they do not cast off the fear (of having lost the divine grace through their sins); Yalk. Num. 765 אין פורקין יראה מהם; Num. R. s. 19 אין פּוֹרְקִים ביראה (corr. acc.).Part. pass. פָּרוּק; f. פְּרוּקָה; pl. פְּרוּקִים, פְּרוּקִין, פְּרוּקוֹת. Y.B. Kam.III, 3d אחד פ׳ ואחד טעוןוכ׳ if (on meeting on the road) one animal is without a load, and the other is laden, the unladen must make room for the laden; היו שניהן … פ׳ if both are laden or both unladen. Ib. שתיהן פ׳ if both wagons are without a load; a. fr.Esp. to help to unload an animal broken down under its burden (Ex. 23:5). B. Mets. II, 10 מצוה … לִפְרוֹק, v. טָעַן II. Ib. אם רצונך לפרוק פְּרוֹק if thou desirest to unload, do so (without my assistance); a. fr. Pi. פֵּירֵק to sever, strip; to take off, release; to take apart. Shebi. II, 2 מְפָרְקִין you may release (trees in the Sabbatical year); Y. ib. 33d top מפ׳ בעלין ‘release refers to (a too luxuriant growth of) leaves. Ukts. II, 5 התחיל לְפָרֵק when he has begun to strip (vegetables). Tosef. ib. II, 13 התחיל לפרק באגוזים when he has begun to strip nuts (of their burrs). Sabb.88a ירדו … ופֵירְקוּם one hundred and twenty myriads of angels of destruction came down and took them (the crowns) off their heads. Ib. בחורב … פֵּרְקוּ (Rashi פירקו) at Horeb they loaded (angels put crowns on their heads), and at Horeb they unloaded (angels took their crowns off). Men.8a; 9b עד שלא פֵרְקָהּ before he took it (the pile of the show bread) apart Y.Yoma I, 38c top מעמירו ומְפָרְקוֹ put it (the Tabernacle) up and broke it up again; העמידו ולא פירקו put it up and did not break it up again; Num. R. s. 13, beg.; Sifra Tsav, Milluim, Par. 1 end.Y.M. Kat. I, 80b bot. מְפָרְקִין את המנעולוכ׳ you may take the shoe off the block. Y.Ab. Zar. III, 43b, v. פַּצִּים; a. fr.Sabb.95a חולב חייב משום מפרק one milking (on the Sabbath) is guilty of an act resembling unloading; Keth.60a יונק מפרק כלאחר יד releasing the cow by sucking is unloading in an unusual way (v. אַחַר). Lev. R. s. 13 עמד ופֵרְקוּם לישראל he rose and took them off the back of the gentiles, and put them on Israel.Sabb.156a לְפָרֵק to take food from before one animal and place it before another, Rashi; (Tosaf.: to empty from vessel to vessel in order to procure a thorough mixture; other defin., v. Ar. s. v..Part. pass. מְפוֹרָק a) unloaded. B. Mets.33a (ref. to Ex. l. c.) ‘under its burden, ולא מפ׳ but not when it is unloaded (and the owner requires assistance to load it again). Ib. לא מפ׳ בחנם when it is unloaded, one need not assist in loading without remuneration.b) taken apart, broken up. Tanḥ. Pkudé 11 והיה מונח ומפ׳וכ׳ and it (the Tabernacle) lay in parts (uncombined) during Hithpa. הִתְפָּרֵק, Nithpa. נִתְפָּרֵק 1) to be taken apart, broken up. Y. Yoma l. c. Sabb.XVII, 1 אע״פ שנִתְפָּרְקוּ although the doors are detached (when the piece of furniture is moved). Tosef.Kel.B. Mets. III, 2 נִתְפָּרְקָה זווכ׳ ed. Zuck. (missing in eds.) if the blades of scissors are separated, each may become unclean for itself; a. fr.Gen. R. s. 36 (ref. to Gen. 9:24) נתפ׳ יינו מעליו the load of his wine was taken from him (he became sober). 2) to be loose, movable like a link or joint (v. פֶּרֶק). Yoma 72a מִתְפָּרְקִין ואיןוכ׳ they (the bars in the ring) were movable but could not slip off. Nidd.9a (of a woman after confinement) איבריה מתפרקיןוכ׳ her limbs are loose (shaky), and her full strength does not return to her before ; Bekh.6b איבריה מתפרקין הימנה she feels as tho her limbs were dropping off. Yalk. Num. 708 תהא מִתְפָּרֶקֶת איברים איברים she shall lose limb after limb; Num. R. s. 9 מתרפקת (corr. acc.); a. e.(Yalk. Cant. 986 מתפרקות some ed., read: מתרפקות, v. רָפַק. Nif. נִפְרָק (denom. of פֶּרֶק) 1) to be out of joint, dislocated, sprained. Sabb.XXII, 6 מי שנִפְרְקָה ידווכ׳ he who sprained his arm or foot. 2) to be removed. Tosef. ib. XIII (XIV), 5 שיִפָּרְקוּ ed. Zuck. (Var. שימחו) that they be removed (cut out).(Hif. הִפְרִיק as Kal and Pi. Tosef.Ber.II, 7 שיַפְרִיק ed. Zuck. (Var. שיְפָרֵק). Y.Shebi.III, beg.34c, v. supra; prob. to be read: יְפָרֵיק.

פָּרַק(b. h.) to break, separate; to untie, loosen; to unload. Sabb.138a וילין … ומותר לפוֹרְקוֹ it is permitted (on the Sabbath) to stretch a curtain and also to untie (remove) it. Ib. b top. Y.Shebi.III, beg.34c לא יִפְרוֹקוכ׳, v. מִשְׁפֶּלֶת (Ib. לא יַפְרִיק Hif., v. infra. Cant. R. to I, 5 טוענת ופוִרֶקֶת she loads (becomes pregnant) and unloads (delivers); a. fr.Trnsf. to redeem, deliver. Gen. R. s. 44 אני פוֹרְקָן I shall redeem them; a. e.פ׳ עול to untie the yoke, cast off an obligation. Ab. III, 5, v. עוֹל. Tosef.Sot.XIV, 4 פָּרְקוּ מהם עולוכ׳ they cast off the heavenly yoke, and made flesh and blood rule over them; a. fr.Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 25 אינן פּוֹרְקִין יראה they do not cast off the fear (of having lost the divine grace through their sins); Yalk. Num. 765 אין פורקין יראה מהם; Num. R. s. 19 אין פּוֹרְקִים ביראה (corr. acc.).Part. pass. פָּרוּק; f. פְּרוּקָה; pl. פְּרוּקִים, פְּרוּקִין, פְּרוּקוֹת. Y.B. Kam.III, 3d אחד פ׳ ואחד טעוןוכ׳ if (on meeting on the road) one animal is without a load, and the other is laden, the unladen must make room for the laden; היו שניהן … פ׳ if both are laden or both unladen. Ib. שתיהן פ׳ if both wagons are without a load; a. fr.Esp. to help to unload an animal broken down under its burden (Ex. 23:5). B. Mets. II, 10 מצוה … לִפְרוֹק, v. טָעַן II. Ib. אם רצונך לפרוק פְּרוֹק if thou desirest to unload, do so (without my assistance); a. fr. Pi. פֵּירֵק to sever, strip; to take off, release; to take apart. Shebi. II, 2 מְפָרְקִין you may release (trees in the Sabbatical year); Y. ib. 33d top מפ׳ בעלין ‘release refers to (a too luxuriant growth of) leaves. Ukts. II, 5 התחיל לְפָרֵק when he has begun to strip (vegetables). Tosef. ib. II, 13 התחיל לפרק באגוזים when he has begun to strip nuts (of their burrs). Sabb.88a ירדו … ופֵירְקוּם one hundred and twenty myriads of angels of destruction came down and took them (the crowns) off their heads. Ib. בחורב … פֵּרְקוּ (Rashi פירקו) at Horeb they loaded (angels put crowns on their heads), and at Horeb they unloaded (angels took their crowns off). Men.8a; 9b עד שלא פֵרְקָהּ before he took it (the pile of the show bread) apart Y.Yoma I, 38c top מעמירו ומְפָרְקוֹ put it (the Tabernacle) up and broke it up again; העמידו ולא פירקו put it up and did not break it up again; Num. R. s. 13, beg.; Sifra Tsav, Milluim, Par. 1 end.Y.M. Kat. I, 80b bot. מְפָרְקִין את המנעולוכ׳ you may take the shoe off the block. Y.Ab. Zar. III, 43b, v. פַּצִּים; a. fr.Sabb.95a חולב חייב משום מפרק one milking (on the Sabbath) is guilty of an act resembling unloading; Keth.60a יונק מפרק כלאחר יד releasing the cow by sucking is unloading in an unusual way (v. אַחַר). Lev. R. s. 13 עמד ופֵרְקוּם לישראל he rose and took them off the back of the gentiles, and put them on Israel.Sabb.156a לְפָרֵק to take food from before one animal and place it before another, Rashi; (Tosaf.: to empty from vessel to vessel in order to procure a thorough mixture; other defin., v. Ar. s. v..Part. pass. מְפוֹרָק a) unloaded. B. Mets.33a (ref. to Ex. l. c.) ‘under its burden, ולא מפ׳ but not when it is unloaded (and the owner requires assistance to load it again). Ib. לא מפ׳ בחנם when it is unloaded, one need not assist in loading without remuneration.b) taken apart, broken up. Tanḥ. Pkudé 11 והיה מונח ומפ׳וכ׳ and it (the Tabernacle) lay in parts (uncombined) during Hithpa. הִתְפָּרֵק, Nithpa. נִתְפָּרֵק 1) to be taken apart, broken up. Y. Yoma l. c. Sabb.XVII, 1 אע״פ שנִתְפָּרְקוּ although the doors are detached (when the piece of furniture is moved). Tosef.Kel.B. Mets. III, 2 נִתְפָּרְקָה זווכ׳ ed. Zuck. (missing in eds.) if the blades of scissors are separated, each may become unclean for itself; a. fr.Gen. R. s. 36 (ref. to Gen. 9:24) נתפ׳ יינו מעליו the load of his wine was taken from him (he became sober). 2) to be loose, movable like a link or joint (v. פֶּרֶק). Yoma 72a מִתְפָּרְקִין ואיןוכ׳ they (the bars in the ring) were movable but could not slip off. Nidd.9a (of a woman after confinement) איבריה מתפרקיןוכ׳ her limbs are loose (shaky), and her full strength does not return to her before ; Bekh.6b איבריה מתפרקין הימנה she feels as tho her limbs were dropping off. Yalk. Num. 708 תהא מִתְפָּרֶקֶת איברים איברים she shall lose limb after limb; Num. R. s. 9 מתרפקת (corr. acc.); a. e.(Yalk. Cant. 986 מתפרקות some ed., read: מתרפקות, v. רָפַק. Nif. נִפְרָק (denom. of פֶּרֶק) 1) to be out of joint, dislocated, sprained. Sabb.XXII, 6 מי שנִפְרְקָה ידווכ׳ he who sprained his arm or foot. 2) to be removed. Tosef. ib. XIII (XIV), 5 שיִפָּרְקוּ ed. Zuck. (Var. שימחו) that they be removed (cut out).(Hif. הִפְרִיק as Kal and Pi. Tosef.Ber.II, 7 שיַפְרִיק ed. Zuck. (Var. שיְפָרֵק). Y.Shebi.III, beg.34c, v. supra; prob. to be read: יְפָרֵיק.

גֵּרm. (b. h.; גּוּר) 1) a dweller. Sabb.104a, v. preced. 2) a stranger. Tanḥ. Vayigg. 4 גרא שנעשה ג׳ he is named Gera, because he (Joseph) became a stranger, v. גּוּר.Esp. a proselyte, convert to Judaism. Yeb.46b; Ber.47b לעולם אינו ג׳וכ׳ one is not a proselyte until he has been Yeb. l. c.; Kidd.62b נ׳ צריך שלשה a proselyte requires a court of three for making declaration and immersion. Kerith. II, 1 ג׳ מחוסר כפרה a proselyte who has not yet offered a sacrifice in the Temple; a. v. fr.ג׳ צֶדֶק a full, true proselyte, ג׳ תֹּושָׁב one who, for the sake of acquiring limited citizenship in Palestine, renounces idolatry. Snh.96b; Gitt.57b; a. fr.ג׳ שקר an insincere proselyte (from impure motives). Y.B. Mets.V, 10c.Pl. גֵּרִים, constr. גֵּרֵי, גֵּירֵי.ג׳ גרורים self-made converts, not formally admitted. Ab. Zar.3b; 24a; a. e. גרי אריות lion-proselytes, i. e. proselytes from mere fear (with ref. to 2 Kings 17:25 sq.). Ḥull.3b, opp. גרי אמת. Kidd.75b; Snh.85b; a. fr. גרי חלומות proselytes converted by the advice of a dreamer or an interpreter of dreams; גרי מרדכי ואסתר such as joined the Jewish ranks from motives like those prevalent in the days of Mordecai and Esther (Esth. 8:17). Yeb.24b.Nidd.VII, 3 (56b) גרים טועין Ar. (ed. וטועין) proselytes not living in accordance with the Jewish usages. בן גרים a descendant of proselytes. B. Mets.IV, 10 (58b).Sabb.33b יהודה בן ג׳. (Mode of admission, v. Yeb.47a.Views about converts, v. Num. R. s. 8; Nidd.13b; Pes.87b; a. fr.. Fem. גֵּרָה. Gen. R. s. 88, end.Usu. גִּיֹּורֶת. Keth.IV, 3; a. fr.

גֵּרm. (b. h.; גּוּר) 1) a dweller. Sabb.104a, v. preced. 2) a stranger. Tanḥ. Vayigg. 4 גרא שנעשה ג׳ he is named Gera, because he (Joseph) became a stranger, v. גּוּר.Esp. a proselyte, convert to Judaism. Yeb.46b; Ber.47b לעולם אינו ג׳וכ׳ one is not a proselyte until he has been Yeb. l. c.; Kidd.62b נ׳ צריך שלשה a proselyte requires a court of three for making declaration and immersion. Kerith. II, 1 ג׳ מחוסר כפרה a proselyte who has not yet offered a sacrifice in the Temple; a. v. fr.ג׳ צֶדֶק a full, true proselyte, ג׳ תֹּושָׁב one who, for the sake of acquiring limited citizenship in Palestine, renounces idolatry. Snh.96b; Gitt.57b; a. fr.ג׳ שקר an insincere proselyte (from impure motives). Y.B. Mets.V, 10c.Pl. גֵּרִים, constr. גֵּרֵי, גֵּירֵי.ג׳ גרורים self-made converts, not formally admitted. Ab. Zar.3b; 24a; a. e. גרי אריות lion-proselytes, i. e. proselytes from mere fear (with ref. to 2 Kings 17:25 sq.). Ḥull.3b, opp. גרי אמת. Kidd.75b; Snh.85b; a. fr. גרי חלומות proselytes converted by the advice of a dreamer or an interpreter of dreams; גרי מרדכי ואסתר such as joined the Jewish ranks from motives like those prevalent in the days of Mordecai and Esther (Esth. 8:17). Yeb.24b.Nidd.VII, 3 (56b) גרים טועין Ar. (ed. וטועין) proselytes not living in accordance with the Jewish usages. בן גרים a descendant of proselytes. B. Mets.IV, 10 (58b).Sabb.33b יהודה בן ג׳. (Mode of admission, v. Yeb.47a.Views about converts, v. Num. R. s. 8; Nidd.13b; Pes.87b; a. fr.. Fem. גֵּרָה. Gen. R. s. 88, end.Usu. גִּיֹּורֶת. Keth.IV, 3; a. fr.

נָזַקHif. הִזִּיק (denom. of נֵזֶק) to hurt, injure, damage. Ex. R. s. 20, beg. דלג … ילא הִזִּיקוֹ stepped over the child and did not injure it. B. Kam. I, 1 לילך ולהַזִּיק to do injury in moving (be an active agency of damage); ib. וכשה׳ חבוכ׳ and when one of them caused damage, the offender (מַזִּיק) is responsible. Ib. III, 6 והִזִּיקוּ זהוכ׳ and hurt one another (by collision); a. fr.V. מַזִּיק. Hof. הוּזָּק to be hurt, injured, damaged. Ib. III, 1, sq. Ib. 31b שהוּזְּקוּ כלים בכלים vessels (belonging to one person) were damaged by collision with (another persons) vessels; a. fr. Nif. נִיזַּק same. Ex. R. l. c. end שלא יִנָּזְקוּ that they be not hurt (by the wolves). Deut. R. s. 7 ולא תִנָּזֵק צפורנו של לחד מהם rather than a nail of one of them be injured; a. e.Usu. part. נִיזּוֹק, נִזּוֹק; pl. נִיזּוֹקִים, נִיזּוֹקִין. Ber.9b אינו נ׳ כלוכ׳ has no evil to fear for the entire day. Ib. 40a ואי אתה נ׳ and thou shalt not get sick; a. fr.Ḥull.142a; Pes.8b, a. e. שלוחי מצוה אינן נ׳ those going on a religious mission will not meet with evil; a. e.V. נִיזָּק.