Перевод: с латинского на английский

с английского на латинский

herculēs

  • 41 Prodicius

    Prŏdĭcus, i, m., = Prodikos, a Grecian sophist of Ceos, contemporary with Socrates, [p. 1455] author of the story of The Choice of Hercules, Cic. Brut. 8, 30; id. de Or. 3, 32, 128; Quint. 3, 1, 12.—Hence,
    II.
    Prŏdĭcĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Prodicus:

    Prodicius Hercules,

    Cic. Off. 1, 32, 118.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Prodicius

  • 42 Prodicus

    Prŏdĭcus, i, m., = Prodikos, a Grecian sophist of Ceos, contemporary with Socrates, [p. 1455] author of the story of The Choice of Hercules, Cic. Brut. 8, 30; id. de Or. 3, 32, 128; Quint. 3, 1, 12.—Hence,
    II.
    Prŏdĭcĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Prodicus:

    Prodicius Hercules,

    Cic. Off. 1, 32, 118.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Prodicus

  • 43 Salii

    1.
    Sălĭi, ōrum, m. [2. salio; hence, prop., the Leapers, Jumpers], a college of priests at Rome dedicated by Numa to the service of Mars, who, armed and bearing the ancilia (v. ancile), with songs and dances, made solemn processions every year, in the first half of March, about the city and its sacred places. Their songs, being in an obsolete language, were almost unintelligible in the class. per.:

    Salii a salitando, quod facere in Comitio in sacris quotannis et solent et debent,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 85 Müll.; cf. Ov. F. 3, 260 sq.; Liv. 1, 20; Fest. s. h. v. p. 326 Müll.; id. s. v. axamenta, p. 3 ib.; Cic. Rep. 2, 14, 26; id. de Or. 3, 51, 197:

    Saliūm,

    Hor. C. 1, 36, 12; 4, 1, 28; Verg. A. 8, 663; Quint. 1, 6, 40; 1, 10, 20; Val. Max. 1, 1, 9; Capitol. M. Aur. 4.—In Tibur such Salii were priests of Hercules, Serv. Verg. A. 8, 285; Macr. S. 3, 12; cf. Inscr. Orell. 2249; 2761; and v. axamenta;

    hence also in Virg. (ubertate doctrinae altioris,

    Macr. 1.1.), introduced as priests of Hercules, Verg. A. 8, 285.—There were also in Alba such Salii, Inscr. Orell. 2247 and 2248.—In sing.:

    SALIVS,

    Inscr. Orell. 2242 sq. —Hence, Să-lĭus, a, um, adj.
    1.
    Of or belonging to the Salii:

    Salias virgines Cincius ait esse conducticias, quae ad Salios adhibeantur, cum apicibus paludatas, quas Aelius Stilo scripsit sacrificium facere in regiā cum pontifice paludatas cum apicibus in modum Saliorum,

    Fest. p. 329 Müll.; cf. Marquardt 1. 1. p. 374.—
    2.
    (=Saliaris, II.) Sumptuous:

    Saliae (sc. epulae),

    App. M. 4, 22.
    2.
    Sălĭi, ōrum, m., the Salians, a part of the Franks, Amm. 17, 8, 3.—In sing., Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 222. [p. 1619]

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Salii

  • 44 Victor

    1.
    victor, ōris, m. [vinco].
    I.
    In gen., a conqueror, vanquisher, victor.
    A.
    Prop.
    1.
    Absol.:

    quod (sc. stipendium) victores victis imponere consuērint,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 44:

    multa victori, eorum arbitrio, per quos vicit, etiam invito facienda sunt,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 3.—
    2.
    With gen.:

    omnium gentium victor,

    Cic. Pis. 7, 16:

    ille exercitus tot divitissimarum gentium victor,

    Curt. 10, 2, 11:

    Atheniensium,

    id. 3, 10, 4; 3, 10, 7; 6, 6, 4;

    7, 10, 6.—Esp., with belli or bellorum: ut meus victor vir belli clueat,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 15:

    cujus belli (i. e. cum Antiocho) victor L. Scipio laudem adsumpsit, etc.,

    Cic. Mur. 14, 31:

    victores bellorum civilium vincere,

    id. Marcell. 4, 12; Tac. A. 1, 19:

    Camillus trium simul bellorum victor,

    Liv. 6, 4, 1:

    Paulum tanti belli victorem,

    id. 45, 36, 7; Vell. 2, 55, 2; Stat. Th. 9, 625:

    Macedones, tot bellorum in Europā victores,

    Curt. 3, 10, 4; Tac. H. 2, 28; 4, 58; cf.:

    omnis generis certaminum (Hercules),

    Vell. 1, 8, 2:

    pancratii,

    Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 79.—
    3.
    With abl.:

    cum civili bello victor iratus respondit, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 56:

    bello civili victores victosque numquam coalescere,

    Tac. H. 2, 7 Halm (Ritter, belli civilis).—
    B.
    Fig. (rare;

    not in Cic.): animus libidinis et divitiarum victor,

    master of, Sall. J. 63, 2:

    victor propositi,

    successful in, Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 11.—
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    Victor, the Conquering, the Victorious, an epithet of Jupiter, Inscr. Grut. 23, 8 sq.—Of Hercules, Macr. S. 8, 6.—
    B.
    In appos., = vincens, superior.
    1.
    Prop., victorious, conquering (cf. Zumpt, § 102, n. 2; Madv. § 60, obs. 2).
    a.
    Of living beings:

    tantum exercitum victorem,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 20 fin.:

    pejus victoribus Sequanis, quam Aeduis victis accidisse,

    id. ib. 1, 31:

    galli (aves) victi silere solent, canere victores,

    Cic. Div. 2, 26, 56:

    victores Graii,

    Ov. M. 13, 414:

    equus,

    Verg. G. 3, 499:

    taurus,

    Luc. 2, 605; cf. Verg. A. 2, 329; 10, 409; 11, 565; Ov. M. 2, 437.—Esp., with discedo, abeo, redeo, revertor, etc. (= the more freq. superior discedo, etc.):

    victores victis hostibus legiones reveniunt domum,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 33:

    meminerant ad Alesiam magnam se inopiam perpessos... maximarum gentium victores discessisse,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 47:

    ita certe inde abiere Romani ut victores, Etrusci pro victis,

    Liv. 2, 7, 3; 34, 19, 2:

    nisi victores se redituros ex hac pugnā jurant,

    id. 2, 45, 13:

    victores reverterunt,

    id. 7, 17, 5; Suet. Aug. 1; 29; Val. Max. 1, 8, 5; 8, 7, 1.—
    b.
    With abl.:

    victor virtute fuisset,

    Sall. J. 55, 1.—
    2.
    Of things:

    abstulit has (sc. naves)... Aestus, et obnixum victor detrusit in Austrum,

    Luc. 9, 334.—
    B.
    Meton., of or belonging to a conqueror, triumphal:

    in curru, Caesar, victore veheris,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 2, 47.
    2.
    Victor, ōris, m.: S. Aurelius, a Roman historian of the fourth century A.D., Amm. 21, 10, 6.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Victor

  • 45 victor

    1.
    victor, ōris, m. [vinco].
    I.
    In gen., a conqueror, vanquisher, victor.
    A.
    Prop.
    1.
    Absol.:

    quod (sc. stipendium) victores victis imponere consuērint,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 44:

    multa victori, eorum arbitrio, per quos vicit, etiam invito facienda sunt,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 3.—
    2.
    With gen.:

    omnium gentium victor,

    Cic. Pis. 7, 16:

    ille exercitus tot divitissimarum gentium victor,

    Curt. 10, 2, 11:

    Atheniensium,

    id. 3, 10, 4; 3, 10, 7; 6, 6, 4;

    7, 10, 6.—Esp., with belli or bellorum: ut meus victor vir belli clueat,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 15:

    cujus belli (i. e. cum Antiocho) victor L. Scipio laudem adsumpsit, etc.,

    Cic. Mur. 14, 31:

    victores bellorum civilium vincere,

    id. Marcell. 4, 12; Tac. A. 1, 19:

    Camillus trium simul bellorum victor,

    Liv. 6, 4, 1:

    Paulum tanti belli victorem,

    id. 45, 36, 7; Vell. 2, 55, 2; Stat. Th. 9, 625:

    Macedones, tot bellorum in Europā victores,

    Curt. 3, 10, 4; Tac. H. 2, 28; 4, 58; cf.:

    omnis generis certaminum (Hercules),

    Vell. 1, 8, 2:

    pancratii,

    Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 79.—
    3.
    With abl.:

    cum civili bello victor iratus respondit, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 56:

    bello civili victores victosque numquam coalescere,

    Tac. H. 2, 7 Halm (Ritter, belli civilis).—
    B.
    Fig. (rare;

    not in Cic.): animus libidinis et divitiarum victor,

    master of, Sall. J. 63, 2:

    victor propositi,

    successful in, Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 11.—
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    Victor, the Conquering, the Victorious, an epithet of Jupiter, Inscr. Grut. 23, 8 sq.—Of Hercules, Macr. S. 8, 6.—
    B.
    In appos., = vincens, superior.
    1.
    Prop., victorious, conquering (cf. Zumpt, § 102, n. 2; Madv. § 60, obs. 2).
    a.
    Of living beings:

    tantum exercitum victorem,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 20 fin.:

    pejus victoribus Sequanis, quam Aeduis victis accidisse,

    id. ib. 1, 31:

    galli (aves) victi silere solent, canere victores,

    Cic. Div. 2, 26, 56:

    victores Graii,

    Ov. M. 13, 414:

    equus,

    Verg. G. 3, 499:

    taurus,

    Luc. 2, 605; cf. Verg. A. 2, 329; 10, 409; 11, 565; Ov. M. 2, 437.—Esp., with discedo, abeo, redeo, revertor, etc. (= the more freq. superior discedo, etc.):

    victores victis hostibus legiones reveniunt domum,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 33:

    meminerant ad Alesiam magnam se inopiam perpessos... maximarum gentium victores discessisse,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 47:

    ita certe inde abiere Romani ut victores, Etrusci pro victis,

    Liv. 2, 7, 3; 34, 19, 2:

    nisi victores se redituros ex hac pugnā jurant,

    id. 2, 45, 13:

    victores reverterunt,

    id. 7, 17, 5; Suet. Aug. 1; 29; Val. Max. 1, 8, 5; 8, 7, 1.—
    b.
    With abl.:

    victor virtute fuisset,

    Sall. J. 55, 1.—
    2.
    Of things:

    abstulit has (sc. naves)... Aestus, et obnixum victor detrusit in Austrum,

    Luc. 9, 334.—
    B.
    Meton., of or belonging to a conqueror, triumphal:

    in curru, Caesar, victore veheris,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 2, 47.
    2.
    Victor, ōris, m.: S. Aurelius, a Roman historian of the fourth century A.D., Amm. 21, 10, 6.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > victor

  • 46 Alcīdēs

        Alcīdēs ae, m    a descendant of Alceus; esp. his grandson Hercules, V., H.

    Latin-English dictionary > Alcīdēs

  • 47 centaurēum

        centaurēum ī, n, κενταύρειον    [Centaurus; because used by Chiron to heal the foot of Hercules], the centaureum, a medicinal plant of Thessaly, V.
    * * *
    centaury (herb); (of medicinal properties discovered by centaur Chiron)

    Latin-English dictionary > centaurēum

  • 48 inaurātus

        inaurātus adj.    [P. of inauro], gilded, golden: statua: quem inauratum in Capitolio fuisse, etc. (i. e. cuius statuam): acanthus, O.: Hercules, Iu.

    Latin-English dictionary > inaurātus

  • 49 mehercle, mehercule, meherculēs

       mehercle, mehercule, meherculēs    see hercle, hercule, Hercules.

    Latin-English dictionary > mehercle, mehercule, meherculēs

  • 50 memorō

        memorō āvī, ātus, āre    [memor], to bring to remembrance, mention, recount, relate, speak of, say, tell: mihi causas, V.: patriam rhombi, Iu.: cuius conditor Hercules memorabatur, was said to have been, S.: ut quidam memoratur contemnere, etc., H.: nondum memoratus omnibus, O.: de gloriā bonorum, S.: de naturā nimis obscure: Herculem boves abegisse, L.: ubi ea, quae dico, gesta esse memorantur: quo patre natus uterque Contulerit lites, H.: sic memorat, V.: incredibile memoratu est, quam, etc., S.: parva et levia memoratu, Ta.— To speak, utter, make use of: vocabula memorata Catonibus, H.— To name, call: Carmentalem nomine portam, V.
    * * *
    memorare, memoravi, memoratus V
    remember; be mindful of (w/GEN/ACC); mention/recount/relate, remind/speak of

    Latin-English dictionary > memorō

  • 51 Molorchus

        Molorchus ī, m     a poor vine-dresser who entertained Hercules: lucos Molorchi, i. e. the Nemean Forest, V.

    Latin-English dictionary > Molorchus

  • 52 per-lābor

        per-lābor lapsus, ī, dep.,    to slip through, glide over: in aedem foribus perlapsi angues, L.: Ad nos vix famae perlabitur aura, V.: inde perlapsus ad nos Hercules.

    Latin-English dictionary > per-lābor

  • 53 Saliī

        Saliī ōrum, m    [2 SAL-], a college of priests founded by Numa for the service of Mars, who danced in procession through the city every March, C., V., H., O., L.— A body of priests of Hercules, V.

    Latin-English dictionary > Saliī

  • 54 (salveō）

       (salveō） —, —, ēre    [salvus], to be well, be in good health ; hence, in formulas of greeting, imper, infin., and (once) indic fut., to be well, be greeted: Cr. o Mysis, salve. My. salvus sis, Crito, bless you, T.: Dionysium iube salvere, greet for me: salvere iubet prior, H.: salvebis a meo Cicerone, i. e. Cicero sends his best wishes: Salve, vera Iovis proles (sc. Hercules), hail, V.—Esp., imper. with vale, in taking leave, farewell, good-by, adieu: vale, salve: salve aeternum mihi, Aeternumque vale, V.

    Latin-English dictionary > (salveō）

  • 55 sīdus

        sīdus eris, n    a group of stars, constellation, heavenly body: de sideribus disputare, Cs.: Siderum regina bicornis Luna, H.: Arcturi sidera, V.: sidera solis, orb, O.: surgentia, V.: radiantia, O. — Sing, a heavenly body, star, group of stars, constellation: Clarum Tyndaridae, H.: fervidum, Sirius, H.: pluviale Capellae, O.: occidente sidere Vergiliarum, L.: quid sidus triste minatur Saturni, Iu.: Nec sidus regione viae litusve fefellit, i. e. nor were we misled by (failing to understand) star or shore, V.: sideribus dubiis, at dawn, Iu.: exactis sideribus, night, Pr.—The sky, heaven: (Iuppiter) terram, mare, sidera movit, O.: (Hercules) flammis ad sidera missus, Iu.: sidera observare, Cu.: evertunt actas ad sidera pinos, i. e. on high, V.—Fig., of celebrity or prosperity, the heavens, stars, heights: Sublimi feriam sidera vertice H.: nomen ferent ad sidera cygni, V.—A star, light, beauty, glory: per oculos, sidera nostra, tuos, O.: radiant ut sidus ocelli, O.: sidere pulchrior Ille, H.—An ornament, pride, glory: Fabiae gentis, ades, O.: Macedoniae, Cu.: tu proba Perambulabis astra sidus aureum, H.—A season: quo sidere terram Vertere Conveniat, V.: brumale, O.—Climate, weather: sub nostro sidere, Iu.: tot inhospita saxa Sideraque emensae, i. e. regions, V.: grave, storm, O.—In astrology, a star, planet, destiny: pestifero sidere icti, L.: sidera natalicia: grave, O.
    * * *
    star; constellation; tempest (Vulgate 4 Ezra 15:39)

    Latin-English dictionary > sīdus

  • 56 anteportanus

    anteportana, anteportanum ADJ

    Latin-English dictionary > anteportanus

  • 57 mehercle

    By Hercules! assuredly, indeed

    Latin-English dictionary > mehercle

  • 58 mehercule

    by Hercules! assuredly, indeed

    Latin-English dictionary > mehercule

  • 59 mehercules

    by Hercules! assuredly, indeed

    Latin-English dictionary > mehercules

  • 60 A

    1.
    A, a, indecl. n. (sometimes joined with littera), the first letter of the Latin alphabet, corresponding to the a, a of the other Indo-. European languages:

    A primum est: hinc incipiam, et quae nomina ab hoc sunt, Lucil. ap. Terent. Scaur. p. 2255 P.: sus rostro si humi A litteram impresserit,

    Cic. Div. 1, 13, 23:

    ne in A quidem atque S litteras exire temere masculina Graeca nomina recto casu patiebantur,

    Quint. 1, 5, 61.
    II.
    The sound of the A is short or long in every part of the word; as, ăb, păter, ită; ā, māter, frustrā. During a short period (between about 620 and 670 A. U. C. = from 134 to 84 B.C.) long a was written aa, probably first by the poet L. Attius, in the manner of the Oscan language; so we find in Latin inscriptions: AA. CETEREIS (i.e.a ceteris), CALAASI, FAATO, HAACE, MAARCIVM, PAAPVS, PAASTORES, VAARVS; and in Greek writing, MAAPKOPs PsIOS MAAPKEAAOS, KOINTON MAAPKION (like Osc. aasas = Lat. āra, Osc. Paapi = Lat. Pāpius, Osc. Paakul = Lat. Pāculus, Pācullus, Pācuvius, etc.), v. Ritschl, Monum. Epigr. p. 28 sq., and cf. Mommsen, Unterital. Dialekte, p. 210 sq. (The Umbrian language has gone a step farther, and written long a by aha, as Aharna, Naharcom, trahaf, etc.; cf. Aufrecht and Kirchhoff, Umbrische Sprachdenkm. p. 76 sq.) Vid. also the letters E and U.
    III.
    In etymological and grammatical formation of words, short a very often (sometimes also long a) is changed into other vowels.
    A.
    Short a is changed,
    1.
    , into long a —
    a.
    In consequence of the suppression of the following consonants at the end or in the middle of the word: ŭb, ā; vădis, vūs; ăg-, ăg-men, exāmen; tăg-, contūmino; căd-, cāsus. Hence also in the abl. sing. of the first decl., and in the particles derived from it. in consequence of the suppression of the original ablat. end. - d: PRAEDAD (Col. Rostr.), praedā; SENTENTIAD (S. C. de Bacch.), sententiā; EXTBAD (ib.), extrā; SVPRAD (ib.), suprā. —Hence,
    b.
    In perfect forms: scăb-o, scābi; căveo, cūvi; făv-eo, fāvi; păv-eo, pāvi (for scăbui, căvui, făvui, păvui).
    c.
    In other forms: ăgo, ambūges; păc-, păc-iscor, pâcis (pâx); săg-ax, sūgus, sāga; măc-er, mâcero; făg- (phagein), fūgus. (Contrary to analogy, ă remains short in dănunt, from dă-in-unt, V. Ritschl, l.l.p. 17.)
    2.
    Short a is changed into é or ē—
    a.
    Into é.
    (α).
    Most frequently in the second part of compounds, particularly before two consonants: facio, confectus; jacio, conjectus; rapio, dereptus; dăm-, damno, condemno; fāl-, fallo, fefelli; măn-, mando, commendo; scando, ascendo; ăp-, aptus, ineptus; ăr-, ars, iners, sollers; ăn-, annus, perennis; căpio, auceps; căput, triceps; ăgo, remex; jăcio, objex. And thus in Plautus, according to the best MSS., dispenno, dispessus from pando, compectus from compăciscor, anteceptus from capio (on the other hand, in Vergil, according to the best MS., aspurgo, attractare, deiractare, kept their a unchanged).
    (β).
    Sometimes ă is changed into ĕ also before one consonant (but in this case it is usually changed into ĭ; v. infra, 3. a. a.): grădior, ingrĕdior; pătior, perpĕtior; părio, repĕrio; păro, vitupĕro; ăp-, coepi (i. e. co-ŭpi); căno, tubicĕn, tibicĕn; in the reduplicated carcĕr (from carcar) farfŏrus (written also farfārus); and so, according to the better MSS., aequipĕro from păro, and defĕtigo from fătigo.
    (γ).
    In words taken from the Greek: talanton, talŏntum; phalara, phalŏrae; sisaron, sisŏr (but, according to the best MSS., cumŭra from kamara, not camŏra).
    b.
    Short a is changed to ē in some perfect forms: ăgo, ēgi; fūcio, féci; jăci, jĕci; frag-, frango, frēgi; căpio, cēpi, and păg-, pango, pēgi (together with pepĭgi and panxi, v. pango).
    3.
    Short a is changed to ĭ, a (most frequently in the second part of compounds)
    (α).
    before one consonant: ăgo, abĭgo; făcio, confĭcio; cădo, concĭdo; sălio, assĭlio; răpio, abrĭpio; păter, Juppĭter (in Umbrian lang. unchanged, Jupater), Marspĭter; Diespĭter, Opĭter; rătus, irrĭtus; ămicus, inìmicus (but ŭ remains unchanged in adŭmo, impătiens, and in some compounds of a later period of Roman literature, as praejacio, calefacio, etc.). —
    (β).
    Sometimes also before two consonants (where it is usually changed into ĕ; v. supra, 2. a. b.): tăg-, tango, contingo; păg-, pango, compingo (unchanged in some compounds, as peragro, desacro, depango, obcanto, etc.).
    b.
    ă is changed into ĭ in the reduplicated perfect forms: cădo, cecĭdi; căno, cecĭni; tăg-, tango, tetĭgi; păg-, pango, pepĭgi.
    c.
    Likewise in some roots which have ă: păg-, pignus; străg- (strangulo, strangô), stringo.
    d.
    In words taken from the Greek: mêchanê, machĭna; patanê, patĭna; bukanê, bucĭna; trutanê, trutĭna; balaneion, balĭneum; Katana, Catĭna (written also Catana); Akragas, Agrĭgentum.
    4.
    Short a is changed into short or long o.
    a.
    Into ŏ: scăbo, scobs; păr, pars, portio; dăm-, dŏmo; Fabii, Fŏvii (v. Paul. ex Fest. p. 87); marmaron, marmŏr; Mars, redupl. Marmar, Marmor (Carm. Fratr. Arv.).
    b.
    Into ō: dă-, dōnum, dōs; ăc-, ăcuo, ōcior (v. this art.).
    5.
    Short a is changed into ŭ —
    a.
    In the second part of compounds, particularly before l, p, and b: calco, inculco; salsus, insulsus; salto, exsulto; capio, occŭpo; răpio, surrupio and surruptus (also written surripio and surreptus); tăberna, contŭbernium; —before other consonants: quătio, conoŭtio; as, decussis; Mars, Mamŭrius, Mamŭralia; and once also condumnari (Tab. Bant. lin. 8, immediately followed by condemnatus, v. Klenze, Philol. Abhandl. tab. I., and Mommsen, Unterital. Dial. p. 149).
    b.
    In words of Greek origin: Hekabê, Hecŭba; skutalê, scutŭla; kraipalê, crapŭla; passalos, pessŭlus; aphlaston, aplustre; thriambos, triumphus.
    c.
    ă is perhaps changed into ŭ in ulciscor, compared with alc-, ulexô (arc-, arceo).
    B.
    Long a is sometimes changed into ē or ō.
    1.
    Into é: hālo, anhélo; fās-, féstus, profēstus; nām, némpe.
    2.
    Into ō: gnā-, gnārus, ignārus, ignōro. (But in general long a remains unchanged in composition: lābor, delūbor; gnàvus, ignūnus; fàma, infūmis.)
    IV.
    Contrary to the mode of changing Greek a into Latin e, i, o, u (v. supra), Latin a has sometimes taken the place of other Greek vowels in words borrowed from the Greek, as: lonchê, lancea; kulix, călix; Ganumêoês, Caiāmitus.
    V.
    The repugnance of the Latin Language to the Greek combined vowels ao has caused the translocation of them in Alumento for Daomeoôn (Paul. ex Fest. p. 18 Müll.).— Greek a is suppressed in Hercules from Hêraklês (probably in consequence of the inserted u; in late Latin we find Heracla and Heracula, cf. Ritschl, in Rhein. Mus. Neue Folge, vol. 12, p. 108).
    VI.
    Latin ă was early combined with the vowels i and u, forming the diphthongs ai and au; by changing the i into e, the diphthong ai soon became ae. So we find in the oldest inscriptions: AIDE, AIDLLIS, AIQVOM, GNAIVOD, HAICE, DVELONAI, TABELAI, DATAI, etc., which soon gave place to aedem, aedilis, aequom, Gnaeo, haec, Bellonae, tabellae, datae, etc. (the Col. Rostr. has PRAESENTE, PRAEDAD, and the S. C. de Bacch. AEDEM. The triphthong aei, found in CONQVAEISIVEI (?), is very rare; Miliar. Popil. lin. 11, v. Ritschl, l. l. p. 21). In some poets the old gen. sing. of the first decl. (- ai) is preserved, but is dissyllabic, āī. So in Ennius: Albūī Longūī, terrūī frugiferāī, frondosāī, lunāī, viāī; in Vergil: aulāī, aurāī, aquāī, pictāī; in Ausonius: herāī.
    B.
    ue as well as au are changed into other vowels.
    1.
    The sound of ae, e, and oe being very similar, these vowels are often interchanged in the best MSS., So we find caerimonia and cerimonia, caepa and cēpa, saeoulum and séculum; scaena and scēna; caelum and coelum, haedus and hoedus, macstus and moestus; cena, coena, and caena, etc.
    2.
    In composition and reduplications ae becomes í: aequus, iníquus; quaero, inquíro; laedo, illído; taedet, pertisum (noticed by Cic.); aestumo, exístumo; cuedo, cecídi, concído, homicida.
    3.
    ae is also changed into í in a Latinized word of Greek origin: Achaios (AchaiWos), Achíous.
    4.
    The diphthong au is often changed to ó and ú (the latter particularly in compounds): caudex, códex; Claudius, Clodius; lautus, lotus; plaustrum, plōstrum; plaudo, plōdo, explōdo; paululum, pōlulum; faux, suffōco; si audes (acc. to Cic. or acc. to others, si audies), sódes, etc.; claudo, inclūdo; causa, accūso. Hence in some words a regular gradation of au, o, u is found: claudo, clōdicare, clúdo; raudus, ródus, rúdus; caupo, cópa, cūpa; naugae, nōgae (both forms in the MSS. of Plautus), nūgae; fraustra, frode, frude (in MSS. of Vergil); cf. Ritschl, in Wintercatalog 1854-55, and O. Ribbeck, in Jahn's Neue Jahrb. vol. 77, p. 181 sq.—The change of au into oē and ō appears only in audio, (oboedio) obēdio.
    5.
    Au sometimes takes the place of av-: faveo, fautum, favitor, fautor; navis, navita, nauta; avis, auceps, auspex. So Latin aut corresponds to Sanscr. avo. (whence - vā, Lat. - ve), Osc. avti, Umbr. ute, ote; and so the Lat. preposition ab, through av, becomes au in the words aufero and aufugio (prop. av-fero, av-fugio, for ab-fero, ab-fugio). Vid. the art. ab init.
    VII.
    In primitive roots, which have their kindred forms in the sister-languages of the Latin, the original a, still found in the Sanscrit, is in Latin either preserved or more frequently changed into other vowels.
    A.
    Original a preserved: Sanscr. mātri, Lat. màter; S. bhrātri, L. fràter; S. nāsā, L. nàsus and nàris; S. ap, L. aqua; S. apa, L. ab; S. nāma, L. năm; S. ćatur, [p. 2] L. quattuor (in Greek changed: thettares); S. capūla, L. căput (in Greek changed: kephalê, etc.).
    B.
    Original a is changed into other Latin vowels—
    1.
    Into e: S. ad, L. ed (ĕdo); S. as, L. es (esse); S. pat, L. pet (peto); S. pād, L. pĕd (pès); S. dant, L. dent (dens); S. ǵan, L. gen (gigno); S. mā, L. mè-tior; S. saptan, L. septem; S. daśan, L. decem; S. śata, L. centum; S. aham, L. ŏgo; S. pāra, L. per; S. paśu, L. pŏcus; S. asva, L. ŏquus, etc.
    2.
    Into i: S. an-, a- (neg. part.), L. in-: S. ana (prep.), L. in; S. antar, L. inter; S. sama, L. similis; S. agni, L. ignis; S. abhra, L. imber; S. panéa, L. quinque, etc.
    3.
    Into o: S. avi, L. ŏvi (ovis); S. vać, L. vōc (voco); S. pra, L. pro; S. pā, L. po (pŏtum); S. nāma, L. nōmen; S. api, L. ŏb; S. navan, L. nŏvem; S. nava, L. nŏvus, etc.
    4.
    Into u: S. marmara, L. murmur.
    5.
    Into ai, ae: S. prati, L. (prai) prae; S. śaśpa, L. caespes.
    6.
    Into different vowels in the different derivatives: S. mā, L. mê-tior, mŏdus; S. praó, L. prŏcor, prŏcus; S. vah, L. vĕho, via.
    C.
    Sometimes the Latin has preserved the original a, while even the Sanscrit has changed it: Lat. pa-, pater, Sanscr. pd, pitri.
    2.
    As an abbreviation A. usually denotes the praenomen Aulus; A. A. = Auli duo, Inscr. Orell. 1530 (but A. A. = Aquae Aponi, the modern Abano, ib. 1643 sq.; 2620; 3011). The three directors of the mint were designated by III. VIRI A. A. A. F. F. (i. e. auro, argento, aeri flando, feriundo), ib. 569; 2242; 2379; 3134 al.;

    so also A. A. A.,

    ib. 3441 (cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 13 fin., and v. the art. Triumviri); A. D. A. agris dandis adsignandis, and A. I. A. agris judicandis adsignandis; A. O. amico optimo; A. P. a populo or aediliciae potestatis; A. P. R. aerario populi Romani. —Upon the voting tablets in judicial trials A. denoted absoluo; hence A. is called littera salutaris, Cic. Mil. 6, 15; v. littera. In the Roman Comitia A. (= antiquo) denoted the rejection of the point in question; v. antiquo. In Cicero's Tusculan Disputations the A. designated one of the disputants = adulescens or auditor, opp. to M. for magister or Marcus (Cicero); but it is to be remarked that the letters A and M do not occur in the best MSS. of this treatise; cf. edd. ad Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 9.—In dates A. D. = ante diem; v. ante; A. U. C. = anno urbis conditae; A. P. R. C. anno post Romam conditam.
    3.
    a, prep.=ab, v. ab.
    4.
    ā, interj.=ah, v. ah.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > A

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

  • Hércules — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Para otros usos de este término, véase Hércules (desambiguación). Hércules era el nombre en la mitología romana del héroe de la mitología griega Heracles, siendo una metátesis del nombre griego. Era hijo de Júpiter,… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Hércules CF — Hércules Alicante Pour les articles homonymes, voir Hercules. Hércules CF …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Hercules CF — Hércules CF Voller Name Hércules Club de Fútbol S.A.D. Gegründet 1922 Stadion …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Hércules CF — Voller Name Hércules Club de Fútbol S.A.D. Gegründet 1922 Stadion …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Hercules — Her cu*les, n. 1. (Gr. Myth.) A hero, fabled to have been the son of Jupiter and Alcmena, and celebrated for great strength, esp. for the accomplishment of his twelve great tasks or labors. [1913 Webster] 2. (Astron.) A constellation in the… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Hercŭles — (Herăkles), Sohn des Zeus u. der Alkmene; Nationalheros der Griechen. Zeus hatte die Nacht, wo er sich der Alkmene unter der Gestalt ihres abwesenden Gemahls Amphitryon, Königs von Tyrus, nahete, dreifach verlängert. Alkmene, zugleich von ihrem… …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Hercules — m Latin form of the name of the Greek mythological hero Herakles, whose name means ‘glory of Hera’. He was the son of Zeus, king of the gods, by Alcmene, a mortal woman. In many versions of the legend, despite the meaning of the name, Hera, chief …   First names dictionary

  • Hercules — Hercules, CA U.S. city in California Population (2000): 19488 Housing Units (2000): 6546 Land area (2000): 6.478230 sq. miles (16.778537 sq. km) Water area (2000): 11.820971 sq. miles (30.616173 sq. km) Total area (2000): 18.299201 sq. miles… …   StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places

  • Hercules, CA — U.S. city in California Population (2000): 19488 Housing Units (2000): 6546 Land area (2000): 6.478230 sq. miles (16.778537 sq. km) Water area (2000): 11.820971 sq. miles (30.616173 sq. km) Total area (2000): 18.299201 sq. miles (47.394710 sq.… …   StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places

  • hércules — sustantivo masculino 1. ) Uso/registro: coloquial. (plural hércules Hombre muy grande y muy fuerte: El novio de Marta es un hércules …   Diccionario Salamanca de la Lengua Española

  • Hercules — hero, son of Zeus and Alcmene, c.1200 (originally in reference to the Pillars of Hercules), also Ercules, from L. Hercles, from Gk. Herakles, lit. Glory of Hera; from HERA (Cf. Hera) (q.v.) + kleos glory, renown (see CLIO (Cf. Clio)). Used… …   Etymology dictionary

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
… Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»