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1 μαλθακός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `weak, tender, soft, mild' (P588, also Hp., Pl.).Other forms: Aeol. μόλθακος (Alc.)Derivatives: μαλθακία `weakness' (Pl. R. 590 b); μαλθακώδης `weakening' (Hp., Gal.), μαλθάκινος = μαλθακός (AP). Denomin. verbs: 1. μαλθάσσω = μαλάσσω (Hp., trag.) with μαλθακ-τήριον -τικός, - ξις (medic.). 2. μαλθακίζομαι `be, become weak' (A., E., Pl., Gal.). 3. μαλθακύνω = μαλακύνω (sch.). 4. Also μαλθάζω (Aret.), - αίνω (Stob.) = μαλθάσσω, both prob. through suffixchange and not to μάλθη, μάλθων (s. v.) with Debrunner IF 21, 20f. and Solmsen Wortforsch. 56 n.1. -- Not here μάλθη (s.v.) (Cratin. 204), `mix of wax and pitch'; from this μάλθη (?), μαλθώδης = μαλακτικὸς η κηρώδης (Hp. ap. Gal.); μάλθων m. `weakling' (Sokr. ap. Stob.); Μάλθιον womans name (Paros); μαλθώσω μαλακώσω H. Here also ἐπίμαλθα ἀγαθά, προσηνῆ. η μαλακά, η ἀσθενῆ λίαν H. must be a kind of derailment.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Formation like μαλακός; the two synonymous adj. may have influenced each other. If μαλακός belongs with βλά̄ξ, μαλθακός must be an innovation(?). In μάλθη (s.v.) Solmsen Wortforsch. 55 wants to see the fem. of an original adj. *μαλθός `weak', which would also have left traces in μάλθων (with μαλθακός from -n̥-ko-) etc.; this last seems an improbable construction. - Outside of Greek a possible cognate may be the Germ. word for `mild', e.g. OHG milti, Goth. unmildjai ' ἄστοργοι'; also Skt. márdhati `neglect', IE * meldh-; WP. 2, 289, Pok. 719. -- Cf. ἀμαλθύνω. - The word must be Pre-Greek, as μαλθ- cannot be explained from IE * meldʰ-; this is confirmed by the variant μόλθακος.Page in Frisk: 2,167Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μαλθακός
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2 μάλθη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `mix of wax and pitch', to caulk ships, and for on writing tables (Cratin. 204); after H. also = τρυφερή (adj.; correct?); also name of a big see-animal (Ael., Opp.; after the weak or waxlike flesh?, Strömberg Fischnamen 32,), but the word has nothing to do with μαλθακός.Other forms: also μάλθᾰ (Ar. Fr. 157) μάλθης, - θῃ (Hippon., S., D.); on the variation -η: -ᾰ Solmsen Wortforsch. 265)Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μάλθη
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3 μέλδομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `cause to melt' (F 363), `melt' intr. (Nic. Th. 108), μέλδω `cause to melt' (Call., Man.); ἀμέλδειν τήκειν H. (s. below).Etymology: Full grade thematice root-present (cf. Schwyzer 702) with an exact parallel in Germ., OE meltan `melt, flow away' with the caus. mieltan `dissolve' (\< * maltjan) = OWNo. melta `malt'; beside it with inital s- OHG smelzan, NHG schmelzen; the verbs have in Germ. many derivv., e.g. Goth. ga-malteins ' ἀνάλυσις, analysis'. Further forms e.g. in WP. 2, 288f., Pok. 718. Unclear is Greek ἀμαλδύνω and ἁμέλδειν s.vv. -- The verb was in Greek superseded by inherited τήκω.Page in Frisk: 2,199-200Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μέλδομαι
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